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    Plumbing: Rainwater Management

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    Engineering Ked Solution
    The document discusses rainwater management systems and utilizing rainwater for various purposes. It describes collecting rainwater from rooftops and other surfaces, storing it in tanks, and distributing it for uses like drinking, cooking, flushing toilets, gardening, and more after necessary treatment. The document provides details on components of rainwater collection systems, qualifying rainwater quality for different uses, and positioning down pipes to efficiently collect and drain rainwater.

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    Plumbing: Rainwater Management

    Uploaded by

    Engineering Ked Solution
    46 views14 pages
    The document discusses rainwater management systems and utilizing rainwater for various purposes. It describes collecting rainwater from rooftops and other surfaces, storing it in tanks, and distributing it for uses like drinking, cooking, flushing toilets, gardening, and more after necessary treatment. The document provides details on components of rainwater collection systems, qualifying rainwater quality for different uses, and positioning down pipes to efficiently collect and drain rainwater.

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    PLUMBING

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    PLUMBING

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    The document discusses rainwater management systems and utilizing rainwater for various purposes. It describes collecting rainwater from rooftops and other surfaces, storing it in tanks, and distributing it for uses like drinking, cooking, flushing toilets, gardening, and more after necessary treatment. The document provides details on components of rainwater collection systems, qualifying rainwater quality for different uses, and positioning down pipes to efficiently collect and drain rainwater.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    46 views14 pages

    Plumbing: Rainwater Management

    Uploaded by

    Engineering Ked Solution
    The document discusses rainwater management systems and utilizing rainwater for various purposes. It describes collecting rainwater from rooftops and other surfaces, storing it in tanks, and distributing it for uses like drinking, cooking, flushing toilets, gardening, and more after necessary treatment. The document provides details on components of rainwater collection systems, qualifying rainwater quality for different uses, and positioning down pipes to efficiently collect and drain rainwater.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 14

    Plumbing:

    Rainwater
    waterManagement
    Supply

    Syed Azizul Haq, PEng


    Syed Azizul Haq
    M.Engg.(Env.)
    M.Engg.(Env.)
    Additional
    Executive
    ChiefEngineer
    Engineer
    Public
    Public
    Works
    Works
    Department
    Department
    Introduction
    Storm water management system is for using rainwater as much as
    possible in fulfilling our various demand of water and subsequently
    draining the rest to suitable point of discharge.

    Rainwater quality
    Theoretically rainwater should be the purest form of water but it
    contains some dissolved substances taken from the atmosphere while
    falling. It has low content of dissolved solids and so it is tasteless.
    Regular drinking of rainwater may cause deficiency of calcium and
    magnesium in human body.
    Rainwater is slightly acidic due to its reaction with Carbon-di-oxide
    (CO2) and Sulphur-di-oxide (SO2) present in the air. Due to having
    acidic nature of rainwater its taste seems to be bitter.
    Various use of rainwater
    Rainwater can effectively be used for the following purposes.
    A. General purposes
    1. Drinking and cooking.
    2. Flushing toilets.
    3. Bathing and ablution etc.
    4. Washing utensils, clothes, vehicles etc.
    5. Cleaning floors, walls, roads, parking lots etc.
    6. Watering gardens and other small irrigation.
    Rain water utility technology
    Rainwater utility technology varies according to the purpose of use.
    The technology used in rainwater harvesting is for using it in general
    purposes and for recharging groundwater. For using rainwater in
    other purposes mentioned earlier, the collecting and storing system
    will remain same but the distribution system will be different.
    Rainwater utilization technology includes an integrated technology
    made up of following functional techniques.
    1. Collecting rainwater from suitable catchments areas.
    2. Storing rainwater in tanks.
    3. Qualifying rainwater according to the purpose of use.
    4. Supplying rainwater to the points of use.
    5. Draining excess rainwater during heavy rain.
    Rainwater collection
    The major components in rainwater collection are as follows.
    01. Catchments
    02. Gutter
    03. Rainwater down pipe (RDP) or leader
    04. Filtration system
    05. Storage tank.
    Catchments areas for collecting rainwater
    The horizontal surface area, which receives the rainwater directly and
    the vertical surfaces, which contributes partially to the rainwater
    accumulation are considered as the catchments area for rainwater
    discharging pipes. Rainwater utilization in building complexes
    usually has limited catchments areas. Generally from following built
    up areas rainwater can be collected easily.
    1. Roof top areas.
    2. External walls and other vertical surfaces.
    3. Balconies.
    4. Sunshades.
    5. Artificial ground areas.
    6. Parking lots etc.
    Measures taken for Catchments areas
    01. The catchments structure must be non-toxic to human life.
    02 The surface should be smooth, dense (hard inorganic).
    Galvanized metal roof is preferable. Surface shall not be painted.
    Bituminous roofing material should be avoided.
    03.Regular cleaning of the catchments surface. Fencing should be
    made around catchments surface.
    04. Providing smooth, even surfaced and gentle sloped catchments.
    05. Locating the catchments in a free and open area.
    06. Thatched roof should be covered with polyethylene sheets.
    Catchments area in flat roof
    On flat roofs, storm water run off into roof drains due to a slight pitch created by a roof fill,
    lime terracing etc.The high points are the ridges and the low points are the valleys that pitch
    toward the drain. Table 12.1 Various slope for different surfaces on flat roof.
    Sl. no. Surface condition Slope
    1 Smooth surface
    (Polished stone, cement/ terrazzo floor, etc.) 0.50 - 0.75%
    2 Normal surfaces
    (Brick, rough stone/concrete blocks, tiles, etc 0.75 - 1.00%
    3 Rough surfaces
    ( Gravel, cobbled, etc) 1.50 - 2.00%
    Storm Drainage on Roof

    For a rainfall intensity of 4 inch


    per hour, a 4 inch dia rainwater
    down pipe can dispose of storm
    water of about 3600 sq. ft
    catchments area.

    Slope of roof surface should be at


    least 200 : 1. RIDGE LINE

    RIDGE LINE

    Inlet of RDP should be one size


    bigger than the diameter of pipe.

    Inlet of RDP shall be covered


    with a dome shaped grating.

    2" Ø

    2" Ø

    STORM WATER DRAINAGE ON ROOF


    Rainwater Down Pipe (RDP)

    Measures to be taken for RDP


    Following measures are taken for rainwater down pipes for economy
    and efficiency of the system.
    01. Number of rainwater down pipe shall be kept as minimum as
    possible.
    02. Adequate pipe size shall be selected.
    03. Dome shaped grating shall be provided on inlet of pipe.
    04. Minimum number of bends shall be provided.
    Proper jointing and anchorage of pipe shall be ensured
    Rainwater Down Pipe (RDP)
    Dome
    Measures to be taken for RDP Shaped
    Following measures are taken for Grating
    rainwater down pipes for economy
    and efficiency of the system.
    01. Number of rainwater down pipe
    shall be kept as minimum as possible.
    02. Adequate pipe size shall be 6x4
    selected. Reducer

    03. Dome shaped grating shall be


    provided on inlet of pipe.
    04. Minimum number of bends shall 4”Dia RDP
    be provided. (Rainwater Down
    05. Proper jointing and anchorage of Pipe)
    pipe shall be ensured
    Positioning Rainwater Down Pipe

    After finding the number of rainwater down pipe its position shall be well planed in
    accordance with the configuration of roof plan and position of the other catchment
    areas of the building.

    Where possible rainwater down pipes should be proportionately distributed along


    all the sides of buildings.

    There shall be at least two rainwater down pipe for a reasonably big catchment
    area.

    Rainwater down pipes should not be too away from the ridge so that thickness of
    finishing layer on roof at ridge become too thick.
    Qualifying Rainwater
    The quality of rainwater can be determined by the nature of the collecting sources.
    The required quality level is contingent on the purpose of use.
    Rainwater shall be treated in the following methods according to the purpose of use
    shown in the table.

    01. Screening 02. Sedimentation, 03. Filtration and 04. Disinfecting

    Sl. no Rainwater uses Treatment

    01 Drinking, cooking, washing Disinfecting along


    utensils, bathing with filtration
    02 Bathing, ablution, clothe washing, Filtration with
    fountains hygienic treatment
    03 Sprinkler, fire fighting, cooling Sedimentation
    water for air conditioning, floor car
    washing etc.
    04 Toilet flushing, gardening, cleaning Screening
    artificial ground, parking lots etc.
    Plumbing:
    water Supply

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