100% found this document useful (2 votes)
424 views40 pages

Patho Review

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1/ 40

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD

For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/


!"#$%"#&' ?80+0*+"# 6*1<*1$ ;"# 08+#08106 <*+,%*/ "; 2AB:AB; R
)*+,"-"./ 01 2$#/ 3#"*& 1435$6+7 *8& 0+ +*9$1 &016#$+0"8 +" *<"<+"101>
&$+$#:08$ %,06, 08;"#:*+0"8 01 $11$8+0*- ;"# * .$8$#*- )*+,%*/ "; *<"<+"101 #$1<"8103-$ ;"# 3;A=?
<#*6+0+0"8$# "# * :$&06*- .#*&4*+$ *3"4+ +" +*9$ +,$ 3"*#& $=*:> $-0:08*+0"8 "; 1$-;@#$*6+02$ -/:<,"6/+$1 *8& <;J;:=><Q
? ,*2$ 6":<0-$& +,$ :"1+ 6"::"87 :"1+ ,0.,@/0$-&7 *8& &*:*.$ 3/ 6/+"+"=06 F -/:<,"6/+$1C 080+0*+$& )O=<CGBCJ
:"1+ 8"+$%"#+,/ 6"86$<+1 A*66"#&08. +" :/ &016#$+0"87 3/ FD! #$6$<+"#1> :A=?FA9
$=<$#0$86$ &4#08. 3"*#&17 *8& :/ +#*0808. *1 * )*+,"-"./ ?80+0*+"# 6*1<*1$1 ;"# $=+#08106 <*+,%*/ "; 2AB:AB; S5 TU
#$10&$8+B 08 .$8$#*- *8& 1/1+$:06 <*+,"-"./C ,"%$2$#7 +,01 +*3-$ *<"<+"101>
01 DEF +" 3$ 41$& 1"-$-/> M=$64+0"8$# 6*1<*1$1> 2AB:AB; V5 W
?8 "#&$# +" <#*6+06$ 08+$.#*+0"8 %0+, "+,$# &0160<-08$17 ? ,*2$ I$.4-*+$& 6$-- &$*+, +,*+ #$14-+1 08 8$6#"101 0;J<>:=>BCB
":0++$& #$64##08. +,$:$1 08 1":$ 6,*<+$#1> ?+ 01 4< +" /"4 +" A:"#<,"-".06*--/BC 6*1<*1$@08&$<$8&$8+C
:*=0:0G$ +,$ 4+0-0+/ "; +,01 ,*8&"4+ 3/ 08+$.#*+08. #$-*+$& *6+02*+$1 I?)S *8& I?)Z 6":<-$=$1 +,*+ -$*&
6"86$<+1 *6#"11 &0;;$#$8+ 1435$6+1> H-1"7 ? ,*2$ 086-4&$& +,$ <*.$1 +" 086#$*1$& IEJ *8& &$6#$*1$&
"; 1":$ 0:<"#+*8+ +*3-$1 08 I"33081 +,*+ /"4 1,"4-& 98"% 3/ :0+"6,"8&#0*- HF) <#"&46+0"8>
,$*#+> F/<$ "; *<"<+"101 ";+$8 1$$8 08 :06#"3$@ !9<>:=>BCB
J,"4-& /"4 8$$& 1":$"8$ +" +*-9 +"7 %0+, #$.*#& +" +,01 08;$6+$& 6$--1C 6*1<*1$ S #$-$*1$1 ?U@S7 *8&
,*8&"4+7 +,$ -$6+4#$ <#$1$8+*+0"817 )*+,"-"./ 08 .$8$#*-7 "# +".$+,$# %0+, 6*1<*1$ SS7 6*41$1 6$-- 0854#/>
<$#1"8*- 6"86$#81 +,*+ <#$6-4&$ /"4 ;#": <$#;"#:08. "<+0:*--/ ?+ 082"-2$1 1$[4$1+#*+0"8 "; 6$--4-*#  "E=>:?AH9
&4#08. +,$ #$20$%7 &" 8"+ ,$10+*+$ 6"8+*6+ :$ +,#"4., !*6$3""9 "#.*8$--$1 08+" 6/+"<-*1:06 *4+"<,*.06
"# ?81+*.#*:> ? *: %0--08. +" -01+$87 *8& ";;$# 1":$ *&206$ *8& 2*64"-$1 +,*+ ;41$ %0+, -/1"1":$1 *8& &0.$1+
6"481$-08.7 0; 8$6$11*#/> $86-"1$& :*+$#0*-C 41$& *1 * 14#202*-
F" +,$ "8$ %," 41$1 +,017 :/ <#*/$#1 *#$ %0+, /"4> ? :$6,*801: 48&$# 2*#0"41 1+#$11 6"8&0+0"81
;$#2$8+-/ ,"<$ +,*+ +,01 %"4-& ,$-< /"4 .$+ * .""& .#*&$ 08 A0>$> 84+#0$8+ &$<#02*+0"8B>
)*+,"-"./ *8& 08 +,$ 3"*#&1> J+4&/ 1:*#+7 *8& <#*/ ,*#&> K"& N*#9$# ;"# *4+"<,*./C 082"-2$& 08 ;"#:*+0"8 ,2V
3-$11> "; *4+"<,*."1":$>
L$208 AL$0B M-":08*7 NO
H ;"#: "; +0114$ 8$6#"101 08 %,06, +,$ 2>AHE@A=CX;
F"< P7 J$<+$:3$# QRST )UM !
6":<"8$8+ 6$--1 *#$ &$*& 34+ +,$ 3*106 +0114$ G;J<>BCB
!*6$3""9' L$208 M-":08*
*#6,0+$6+4#$ 01 <#$1$#2$&C *;;$6+$& +0114$1
?81+*.#*:' V9$0$-":08*
+*9$ "8 * ;0#: +$=+4#$C ";+$8 1$$8 08 08;*#6+1
"; *-- 1"-0& "#.*81 A,$*#+7 1<-$$87 90&8$/B
!"#$% '(!)*#"+,) $=6$<+ +,$ 3#*08>
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &0.$1+0"8 "; &$*& 6$--17 ,CYE;ZAJ=CX;
!"*# -. /)0)*", !"#$%,%/1 #$14-+08. 08 +#*81;"#:*+0"8 "; +,$ +0114$ 08+" G;J<>BCB
2),,(,"* *)'!%0')' #% '#*)'' "03 #%4-2 -0'(,#'. * -0[40& 2016"41 :*11C ";+$8 1$$8 08 08;$6+0"81
A<41B *8& 08 ,/<"=06 &$*+, "; 6$--1 %0+,08 +,$
 "3"!#"#-%05 -06(*15 "03 3)"#$
\DJ>
7()'#-%0 "0'8)*
F,01 +$#: 01 414*--/ *<<-0$& +" * -0:37 /AGH<;G>EB
?86#$*1$ 08 J?WM "; 6$--1 #$14-+08. 08 $9:;<=<>:?9
.$8$#*--/ +,$ -"%$# -$.7 +,*+ ,*1 -"1+ 0+1 3-""& G;J<>BCB
086#$*1$& 10G$ "; "#.*8C 6$--4-*# *&*<+*+0"8 ";
14<<-/ *8& ,*1 48&$#."8$ 6"*.4-*+02$
8"8@&020&08. 6$--1 A0>$> :/"6*#&0*- ;03$#1B>
8$6#"101 %0+, 14<$#0:<"1$& -0[4$;*6+02$
?86#$*1$ 08 DXNYMI "; 6$--1C $=*:<-$1' !"#$ $9:;<:@ABCA
8$6#"101 082"-208. :4-+0<-$ +0114$ -*/$#1>
 &'&())*+' ,(-./ (01234(*0
!#0*3-$7 %,0+$ *<<$*#*86$ "; 8$6#"101C 2AB;>EB
I$&46+0"8 08 +,$ 10G$ "; *8 "#.*8 "# +0114$  "=<>:?9
*<<$*#1 *1 * 1+#46+4#$-$11 6"--$6+0"8 "; G;J<>BCB
&4$ +" &$6#$*1$ 08 6$-- 10G$ *8& 84:3$#C
;#*.:$8+$& "# -/1$& 6$--1 *8& *:"#<,"41
$=*:<-$' 5)672(+2-8/
$=*:<-$' 5)672(+2-8/ 9(/2'/2
.#*84-*# &$3#01 $86-"1$& %0+,08 * &01+086+02$
H #$2$#103-$ 6,*8.$ 08 %,06, "8$ D;=A:@ABCA
08;-*::*+"#/ 3"#&$# A.#*84-":*BC ]6,$$1$@
&0;;$#$8+0*+$& 6$-- +/<$ 01 #$<-*6$& 3/ *8"+,$#
-09$^>
6$-- +/<$C $=*:<-$' !'--244 2/*&7':./
I$;$#1 +" ;"6*- *#$*1 "; ;*+ &$1+#46+0"87 IA= G;J<>BCB
F,$ ;0#1+ :*80;$1+*+0"8 "; *-:"1+ *-- ;"#:1 "; 2;@@E@A<
+/<06*--/ 1$$8 08 *64+$ <*86#$*+0+01C +,$#$ 01
0854#/ +" 6$--1C &4$ +" 08;-4= "; 0"81 A*8& BF;@@CGH
#$-$*1$ "; *6+02*+$& <*86#$*+06 -0<*1$1 08+"
%*+$#B &4$ +" ;*0-4#$ "; $8$#./@&$<$8&$8+
+,$ 1431+*86$ "; +,$ <*86#$*1 *8& +,$
0"8 <4:<1>
<$#0+"8$*- 6*20+/C +,$ ;"60 "; 8$6#"101 6"8+*08
H +/<$ "; #$2$#103-$ 0854#/7 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ IA==9 J?AGH;
1,*&"%/ "4+-08$1 "; 8$6#"+06 ;*+ 6$--1 %0+,
*<<$*#*86$ "; -0<0& 2*64"-$1 08 +,$ K'=;A=>BCBL
3*1"<,0-06 6*-604: &$<"10+1 A1*<"80;06*+0"8B7
6/+"<-*1:C ";+$8 1$$8 08 6$--1 <*#+060<*+08. 08
14##"48&$& 3/ *8 08;-*::*+"#/ #$*6+0"8>
;*+ :$+*3"-01: A-02$#7 ,$*#+B>
H 1<$60*- ;"#: "; 8$6#"101 414*--/ 1$$8 08 IC[<CG>CP
F/<$ "; 6$-- &$*+,7 %,06, #$14-+1 ;#": * 0;J<>BCB
0::48$ #$*6+0"81 082"-208. 3-""& 2$11$-1C G;J<>BCB
<*+,"-".06 6$-- 0854#/C 48&$#."$1 6$--4-*#
&$<"10+1 "; 0::48$ 6":<-$=$17 +".$+,$# %0+,
1%$--08. *8& $2$8+4*- </98"1017
;03#08 +,*+ ,*2$ -$*9$& "4+ "; 2$11$-17 #$14-+
9*#/"##,$=017 *8& 9*#/"-/101>
08 * 3#0.,+ <089 *8& *:"#<,"41 *<<$*#*86$
?+ 01 +,$ 0##$2$#103-$ 6"8&$81*+0"8 "; !9MG>BCB
08 _`M 1+*0817 6*--$& a;03#08"0&a A;03#08@-09$B
6,#":*+08 08 +,$ 846-$41 "; * 6$-- 48&$#."08.
3/ <*+,"-".01+1>
8$6#"101 "# *<"<+"101C +,$#$ 01 846-$*#
H38"#:*- 6*-604: &$<"10+0"8 "664##08. 08 39B=<>:?CJ
1,#089*.$ %0+, 086#$*1$& 3*1"<,0-0*>
+,$ *31$86$ "; 6*-604: :$+*3"-06 JA@JCZCJA=C>G
?+ 01 +,$ &$1+#46+02$ ;#*.:$8+*+0"8 "; +,$ NA<9><<?;OCB
&$#*8.$:$8+1C $=*:<-$1' "/'++*+' ;*9(2/
846-$41 "; * &/08. 6$-->
(0 3'032-/ <(47 &'&())'-= '-37(4234.-2 '09
?+ 01 +,$ 6":<-$+$ &011"-4+0"8 "; +,$ NA<9>@9BCB +20(0:(*+'
6,#":*+08 "; * &/08. 6$-->
\*-604: &$<"10+0"8 08 8"#:*- +0114$1 D;=AB=A=CJ
F/<$ "; 6$-- &$*+,7 %,06, 01 $8$#./@  ":>:=>BCB "664##08. 08 +,$ <#$1$86$ "; ,/<$#6*-6$:0*C JA@JCZCJA=C>G
&$<$8&$8+7 +0.,+-/ #$.4-*+$&7 *8& *11"60*+$& $=*:<-$' 3')3(0*/(/
%0+, 8"#:*- 6$--4-*# ;486+0"81C ";+$8
M;;$6+ "; 6*-"#06 #$1+#06+0"8 "8 -"8.$20+/> -GJ<;AB;P
<,/10"-".06C +,$ 6$-- 48&$#."$1 1,#089*.$
PE; =>
*8& ;#*.:$8+*+0"8>
P;J<;AB;P
)*+,%*/ "; *<"<+"101 +#0..$#$& 3/ -"11 "; DC=>J?>GP<C -/I\T
14#202*- 10.8*-17 ODH &*:*.$ *8& A@Q-G=<CGBCJ BCHGA@CGH
*664:4-*+0"8 "; :01;"-&$& <#"+$081C :A=?FA9
08,030+$& 3/ *8+0@*<"<+"+06 :$:3$#1 "; +,$
Y6- ;*:0-/>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 1 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
)#"+$081 +,*+ *#$ <#"&46$& 08 #$1<"81$ +" 'C<=ECGB N"-$64-$1 08 +,$ $8&"+,$-04: !)2"D\TQ23VT
;""& &$<#02*+0"8C %0+, *6+0"81 +,*+ -$*& +" #$1<"8103-$ ;"# +#*81:0.#*+0"8>
<#"-"8.$& -"8.$20+/ A*8+0@*<"<+"+067 *8+0@ )#"6$11 "; -$49"6/+$ :0.#*+0"8 2?;^>=AOCB
IEJB> +"%*#& 10+$1 "; 08;$6+0"8 "# 0854#/
*-"8. * 6,$:06*- .#*&0$8+>
2$"!#)* ]. -0I,"DD"#-%0 "03 *)!"-* M=".$8"41 6,$:"*++#*6+*8+1> +AJ=;<CA@ :<>PEJ=B K0\
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* Z><^9@^;=?C>GCG;5
-0I,"DD"#-%0 @C:CPBL
I$1<"81$ "; 2*164-*#0G$& +0114$1 -GZ@A^^A=C>G M8&".$8"41 6,$:"*++#*6+*8+1> -,\S5 2dA5 ,#+c
+" 08;$6+0"81 *8& &*:*.$& +0114$1 F/<$ "; 08;-*::*+"#/ :$&0*+"#1 2;@@\P;<CX;P ^;PCA=><B
+,*+ 3#08.1 6$--1 *8& :"-$64-$1 "; +,*+ *#$ 8"#:*--/ 1$[4$1+$#$& 08
,"1+ &$;$81$ ;#": +,$ 60#64-*+0"8 08+#*6$--4-*# .#*84-$1 *8& 6*8 3$
+" +,$ 10+$1 %,$#$ +,$/ *#$ #*<0&-/ 1$6#$+$& 3/ .#*84-$
8$$&$&7 08 "#&$# +" $-0:08*+$ +,$ $="6/+"101 "# *#$ 1/8+,$10G$& &$
";;$8&08. *.$8+1> 8"2" 08 #$1<"81$ +" * 1+0:4-41C
K$8$#*- 1+$<1 "; 08;-*::*+"#/  "_ *;J<EC=^;G= >Z $=*:<-$1' #(/4'+(02$ >2-*4*0(0$
#$1<"81$> @;EM>J9=;B ?=4*@(02/ '09 5-'37(9*0(3 '3(9
+_ *;HE@A=C>G >Z 92-(,'4(,2/
<;B:>GB; F/<$ "; :$&0*+"#1 +,*+ *#$ !@AB^A\P;<CX;P
2_ *;J>HGC=C>G >Z <#"&46$& :*08-/ 08 +,$ -02$# *8& ^;PCA=><B
CG`E<C>EB AH;G= *#$ <#$1$8+ 08 +,$ 60#64-*+0"8 *1
3_*;^>XA@
3_ *;^>XA@ >Z AH;G= 08*6+02$ <#$64#1"#1 +,*+ :41+ 3$
)_ *;B>@E=C>G *6+02*+$& 3/ <#"+$"-/+06
N"#<,"-".06 ,*--:*#91 "; *64+$ aAB>PC@A=C>G AGP 6-$*2*.$1 +" *6[40#$ +,$0#
08;-*::*+0"8> AJJE^E@A=C>G >Z 30"-".06 <#"<$#+0$1C $=*:<-$1'
@;EM>J9=;B AGP Z@ECP CG ?*+&)2+204$ 3*':.)'4(*0 '09
=?; ;O=<AXABJE@A< =CBBE; @(0(0 /=/42+/
\":<"8$8+1 "; *64+$ T_ 3C@A=C>G >Z B^A@@ b*1"*6+02$ *:08$ +,*+ #$14-+1 08 ';<>=>GCG
08;-*::*+0"8> X;BB;@B 2*1"6"81+#06+0"8C 1"4#6$1 086-4&$
]_ -GJ<;AB;P <-*+$-$+1 *8& 8$4#"$8&"6#08$
^CJ<>XABJE@A< 6$--1>
:;<^;A[C@C=9 N"1+ *348&*8+ 6":<-$:$8+> 2V
V_ )^CH<A=C>G >Z \":<-$:$8+ +,*+ *6+1 *1 *8 2V[
@;EM>J9=;B AGP =?;C< "<1"808>
AJ=CXA=C>G H8*<,/-*+"=081> 2VA5 2cA5 2dA
N"1+ 8"+*3-$ :$&0*+"# +,*+ $CB=A^CG; N$:3#*8$ *++*69 6":<-$=> 2d[5 2W\2R
<#"&46$1 2*1"&0-*+0"8> H8+0@08;-*::*+"#/ 6/+"908$1 ;"# ,C:>OCG5 #/I\e5 -,\TU
N"1+ 6"::"8 :$6,*801: "; )GP>=?;@CA@ J;@@ #$.4-*+0"8 "; +,$ 08;-*::*+"#/
086#$*1$& :06#"2*164-*# J>G=<AJ=C>G #$1<"81$>
<$#:$*30-0+/> ?8;-*::*+"#/ #$1<"81$ "; 2?<>GCJ CGZ@A^^A=C>G
?80+0*- 2*164-*# #$1<"81$ +" aAB>J>GB=<CJ=C>G <#"-"8.$& &4#*+0"8 08 %,06,
0854#/> 08;-*::*+0"87 +0114$ 0854#/7 *8&
H8 4-+#*;0-+#*+$ "; 3-""&7 %,06, #<AGBEPA=; *++$:<+1 *+ #$<*0# 6"$=01+7 08
6"8+*081 -0++-$ <#"+$087 -0++-$ "# 8" 2*#/08. 6":308*+0"81>
6$--4-*# :*+$#0*-7 *8& -"% 1<$60;06 F%" 908&1 "; 6$--1 1$$8 08 ):C=?;@C>CP J;@@B
.#*20+/ *1 * #$14-+ "; "1:"+06 "# .#*84-":*1> KAJ=CXA=;P ^AJ<>:?AH;B
,/&#"1+*+06 0:3*-*86$ *6#"11 +,$ FC=? :CGM5 H<AGE@A<
2$11$- %*-- %0+,"4+ 086#$*1$ 08 J9=>:@AB^5 <;B;^[@CGH
2*164-*# <$#:$*30-0+/> ;:C=?;@CA@ J;@@L AGP HCAG=
H8 $=+#*2*164-*# ;-40& %0+, ,0., )OEPA=; J;@@B
<#"+$08 6"8+$8+C 0+1 <#$1$86$ *)!"-*
0:<-0$1 *8 086#$*1$& 2*164-*# F/<$ "; +0114$ %,"1$ 6$--1 6*8 ,A[C@; =CBBE;B
<$#:$*30-0+/7 +#0..$#$& 3/ +0114$ #$*&0-/ #$.$8$#*+$ *1 -"8. *1 +,$
0854#/ *8& "8."08. 08;-*::*+"#/ <""- "; 1+$: 6$--1 01 <#$1$#2$&C
#$*6+0"8> $=*:<-$1' !*02 A'--*<$ '09
J+$<1 08 -$49"6/+$ #$6#40+:$8+>  "_ DA<HCGA=C>G B':(0') C&(472)(.+
+_ *>@@CGH \$--1 "; +,$1$1 +0114$1 *#$ '=A[@; =CBBE;B
2_ "P?;BC>G
2_ "P?;BC>G [40$16$8+ *8& ,*2$ "8-/ :080:*-
3_#<AGB^CH<A=C>G
3_ #<AGB^CH<A=C>G #$<-06*+02$ *6+020+/ 08 +,$0#
F,$ <#"6$11 "; -$49"6/+$ DA<HCGA=C>G 8"#:*- 1+*+$C 6*<*3-$ ";
*664:4-*+0"8 *+ +,$ <$#0<,$#/ "; <#"-0;$#*+08. 08 #$1<"81$ +"
3-""& 2$11$-1> 0854#/ "# -"11 "; +0114$ :*11C
N"-$64-$1 08 +,$ $8&"+,$-04: ! AGP )\B;@;J=CGB >G $=*:<-$1' >+**47 +./3)2/$
*8& -$49"6/+$ #$1<"8103-$ ;"# ;GP>=?;@CE^ FC=? C09*472)(.+$ '09 D(,2-
#"--08.> 'CA@9@\,;FCB\4 >G "'-2037=+'
@;EM>J9=;b /@9JA^\T5 \$--1 "; +,$1$ +0114$1 *#$ !;<^AG;G= =CBBE;B
23Vc >G ;GP>=?;@CE^ 6"810&$#$& +" 3$ +$#:08*--/
FC=? ,\B;@;J=CG >G &0;;$#$8+0*+$& *8&
@;EM>J9=; 8"8<#"-0;$#*+02$ 08 <"1+8*+*- -0;$C
N"-$64-$1 #$1<"8103-$ ;"# -2"D\T >G ;GP>=?;@CE^ $=*:<-$1' E2.-*0/$ ?'-9('3
*&,$10"8> FC=? 23TTQ23TS +./3)2
CG=;H<CGB KAMA5 ,I"\T5 F/<$ "; #$<*0# +,*+ ,*<<$81 08 *;H;G;<A=C>G
DAJ\TL >G @;EM>J9=;b -*30-$ *8& 1+*3-$ +0114$1C
a2"D\T >G ;GP>=?;@CE^ 08;-4$86$& 3/ .#"%+, ;*6+"#1>
FC=? a,"\c >G @;EM>J9=; F/<$ "; #$<*0# +,*+ ,*<<$81 08 2>GG;J=CX; =CBBE;
F,$ <#"6$11 "; :0.#*+0"8 "; +,$ #<AGB^CH<A=C>G >< 6,#"8067 1$2$#$ 08;-*::*+0"87 P;:>BC=C>G
-$49"6/+$1
-$49"6/+$1 +,#"4., +,$ PCA:;P;BCB *8& 08 <$#:*8$8+ +0114$1>
$8&"+,$-04:>
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 2 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
J+$<1 08 ,$*-08. 3/ 6"88$6+02$  "_ "GHC>H;G;BCB
 "_ "GHC>H;G;BCB )*+,"-".06 ;"#: "; ,$:"1+*101> #?<>^[>BCB
+0114$ &$<"10+0"8> +_ I><^A=C>G >Z \":<"8$8+1 "; b0#6,"% +#0*& )GP>=?;@CA@ CG`E<95
H<AGE@A=C>G =CBBE; A*38"#:*-0+0$1 +,*+ -$*& +" '=ABCB5
2_ *;^>P;@CGH >Z =?; +,#":341 ;"#:*+0"8B> $9:;<J>AHE@A[C@C=9
BJA< ?+ 01 * :*5"# 6"8+#034+"# +" +,$ #E<[E@;GJ; ><
N"1+ 8"+*3-$ .#"%+, ;*6+"# 08 a)/I &$2$-"<:$8+ "; *#+$#0*- +,#":30> ;GP>=?;@CA@ CG`E<9
*8.0".$8$101> ?+ 01 * :*5"# 6"8+#034+"# +" +,$ '=ABCB
N"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ 6/+"908$ ;"# #/I\e &$2$-"<:$8+ "; 2$8"41 +,#":30>
1/8+,$101 *8& &$<"10+0"8 "; H8/ *-+$#*+0"8 "; +,$ 6"*.4-*+0"8 $9:;<J>AHE@A[C@C=9
6"88$6+02$ +0114$> <*+,%*/ +,*+ <#$&01<"1$1 +"
F,$ <0897 1";+7 .#*84-*# +0114$ /<AGE@A=C>G =CBBE; +,#":3"101C 6*8 3$ <#0:*#/ A$>.>
1$$8 3$8$*+, +,$ 16*3 "; * 1908 F'34*- B D2(920$ "-*42(0 ? '09 >
%"48&C ,*--:*#9 "; +0114$ 921(3(203= B "# 1$6"8&*#/ A$>.>
,$*-08.C *<<$*#1 3/ Z@c &*/1> ?'032-$ '4-(') 1(;-())'4(*0$ '09
_01+"-".06 ;08&08.1 "; .#*84-*+0"8 !<>@CZ;<A=C>G >Z  &-*)*0:29 (++*;()(6'4(*0G
+0114$> ZC[<>[@AB=B AGP G;F5 U*:08*+0"81 6":<"1$& <*-$ <-*+$-$+ ,CG;B >Z fA?G
=?CG\FA@@;P5 P;@CJA=; *8& ;03#08 &$<"10+1 *-+$#8*+08. %0+,
JA:C@@A<C;B &*#9$# #$& 6$--d#06, -*/$#1C 10.80;0$1
KAGHC>H;G;BCBL CG A ;"#:*+0"8 "; +,#":341 08 ;-"%08.
@>>B; )2D5 >Z=;G FC=? 3-""&C <#$1$8+ 08 *8+$:"#+$:
AP^CO;P CGZ@A^^A=><9 +,#":3"101>
J;@@B5 ^ACG@9 N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; *#+$#0*- 2><>GA<9 g J;<;[<A@ g
^AJ<>:?AH;B +,#":3"101> Z;^><A@
N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; 2$8"41 'E:;<ZCJCA@ >< P;;:
2$"!#)* V. $)D%310"D-2 3-'%*3)*'5 +,#":3"101> X;CGB >Z =?; @;H K0>=;.
#$*%D+%)D+%,-2 3-')"')5 "03 '$%2N =?<>^[C CG BE:;<ZCJCA@
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* @;H X;CGB <A<;@9
H664:4-*+0"8 "; ;-40& 08 +0114$1 "# )P;^A K=CBBE;BL >< ;^[>@Ch;5 F?C@;
3"&/ 6*20+0$1> ;ZZEBC>G K[>P9 =?<>^[C CG P;;: @;H
JAXC=C;BL X;CGB A<; =?; ^>B=
!"4# :*08 :$6,*801:1 "; $&$:*  "_ -GJ<;AB;P J>^^>G B>E<J;B >Z
;"#:*+0"8> ?9P<>B=A=CJ X;G>EB ;^[>@CL
:<;BBE<; H &$+*6,$&7 08+#*2*164-*# 1"-0&7 )^[>@EB
+_ 3;J<;AB;P >GJ>=CJ -0[40& "# .*1$"41 :*11 +,*+ 01
:<;BBE<; 6*##0$& 3/ +,$ 3-""& &01+*- +" 0+1
2_ -GJ<;AB;P XABJE@A< <"08+ "; "#0.08>
:;<^;A[C@C=9 N"1+ 6"::"8 *8& :"1+ &#$*&$& !E@^>GA<9 ;^[>@CB^
,9^:?A=CJ 1$[4$-*$ "; &$$< 2$8"41
>[B=<EJ=C>G +,#":3"101>
K$8$#*- :"#<,"-".06 *<<$*#*86$ "; 2@;A<CGH AGP M:3"-41 "66-4&08. * 30;4#6*+0"8 08 'APP@; ;^[>@EB
$&$:*> B;:A<A=C>G >Z )2D5 +,$ <4-:"8*#/ +#$$C *11"60*+$& %0+,
AGP BE[=@; J;@@ 14&&$8 &$*+, &4$ +" *64+$ #0.,+@
BF;@@CGH 10&$& ,$*#+ ;*0-4#$>
?+ 01 *8 *6+02$ <#"6$11 #$14-+08. $9:;<;^CA H 2$8"41 $:3"-417 %,06, $8+$#$& !A<AP>OCJA@ ;^[>@EB
;#": *4.:$8+$& 3-""& ;-"% &4$ +" +,$ 1/1+$:06 60#64-*+0"8 +,#"4., *8
*#+$#0"-*# &0-*+0"8C *;;$6+$& +0114$ 01 08+$#*#+$#0*- "# 08+$#2$8+#064-*#
#$&&$# +,*8 8"#:*-7 3$6*41$ "; &$;$6+>
$8."#.$:$8+ %0+, "=/.$8*+$& N06#"16"<06 ;*+ .-"34-$1 ;"48& 08 IA= ;^[>@CB^
3-""&> +,$ 60#64-*+0"8 *;+$# ;#*6+4#$1 ";
?+ 01 * <*1102$ <#"6$11 #$14-+08. 2>GH;B=C>G -"8. 3"8$1 "# *;+$# 1";+@+0114$
;#": 0:<*0#$& 2$8"41 #$+4#8 "4+ "; +#*4:*C 6*8 -$*& +" <4-:"8*#/
* +0114$C +0114$ ,*1 * 3-4$@#$& 6"-"# 0814;;060$86/7 8$4#"-".06 1/:<+":17
&4$ +" *664:4-*+0"8 "; *8$:0*7 *8& +,#":3"6/+"<$80*>
&$"=/.$8*+$& ,$:".-"308 08 +,$ K*1 3433-$1 %0+,08 +,$ 60#64-*+0"8  "C< ;^[>@CB^
*;;$6+$& +0114$> "31+#46+08. 2*164-*# ;-"% *8&
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *-2$"-*#  "JE=; :E@^>GA<9 6*41$1 &01+*- 016,$:06 0854#/C
6*<0--*#0$1 $8."#.$& %0+, 3-""&7 J>GH;B=C>G $=*:<-$' H23*+&-2//(*0 /(3@02//
%0+, *11"60*+$& *-2$"-*# 1$<+*- I;209/$ 37*@2/G
$&$:* "# ;"6*- :084+$ 08+#*@ M8+#/ "; *:80"+06 ;-40& 08+" +,$  "^GC>=CJ Z@ECP
*-2$"-*# ,$:"##,*.$> :*+$#8*- 60#64-*+0"8 +,#"4., * +$*# ;^[>@CB^
)4-:"8*#/ 1$<+* *#$ +,069$8$& *8& 2?<>GCJ :E@^>GA<9 08 +,$ <-*6$8+*- :$:3#*8$1 *8&
;03#"+067 %0+, ,$:"10&$#08@-*&$8 J>GH;B=C>G #4<+4#$ "; 4+$#08$ 2$081C <#$1$86$
:*6#"<,*.$1 08 *-2$"-*# 1<*6$1> "; :*#9$& <4-:"8*#/ $&$:*7
F,$ 6$8+#*- 2$08 *8& 10841"0&1 ";  "JE=; ?;:A=CJ &0;;41$ *-2$"-*# &*:*.$7 *8&
+,$ -02$# *#$ &01+$8&$& %0+, 3-""&7 J>GH;B=C>G <#$1$86$ "; 1[4*:"41 6$--1 08 +,$
%0+, 6$8+#*- ,$<*+"6/+$ <4-:"8*#/ 60#64-*+0"8 1,$& ;#":
&$.$8$#*+0"8C <$#0<"#+*- ;$+*- 19087 -*84." ,*0#7 ;*+7 *8&
,$<*+"6/+$1 *#$ 3$++$# "=/.$8*+$&> :4608>
F,$ 6$8+#*- #$.0"81 "; +,$ ,$<*+06 2?<>GCJ ?;:A=CJ H#$* "; 016,$:06 8$6#"101 6*41$& 3/ -GZA<J=
-"34-$1 *#$ .#"11-/ #$&@3#"%87 J>GH;B=C>G "66-410"8 "; +,$ 2*164-*# 14<<-/ +"
1-0.,+-/ &$<#$11$&7 *8& *#$ +,$ *;;$6+$& +0114$>
*66$8+4*+$& *.*081+ +,$
14##"48&08. G"8$1 "; 486"8.$1+$&
+*87 1":$+0:$1 ;*++/ -02$# A84+:$.
-02$#BC <#$1$86$ "; 6$8+#0-"34-*#
8$6#"101 %0+, ,$<*+"6/+$ &#"<@"4+7
,$:"##,*.$7 *8& ,$:"10&$#08@
-*&$8 :*6#"<,*.$1>
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 3 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
?8;*#6+1 +,*+ +$8& +" "664# 08 -""1$ *;P CGZA<J= ?8 +,01 <*++$#8 "; 08,$#0+*86$7 :*-$1 *#$ 4\@CGM;P
+0114$1 *8& 08 +,"1$ %0+, &4*- 414*--/ *;;$6+$& &4$ +" ,$:0G/."10+/ "; +,$ <;J;BBCX;
60#64-*+0"817 <#$20"41-/ 6"8.$1+$& *--$-$7 34+ ;$:*-$1 :*/ $=<#$11 <,$8"+/<$ PCB><P;<B
+0114$17 "# %,$8 ;-"% 01 &4$ +" #*8&": *6+02*+0"8 "; "8$ f
#$$1+*3-01,$& *;+$# *8 08;*#6+0"8 6,#":"1":$C $=*:<-$1' HAH$
$=*:<-$1' HAH$ #2+*&7()(' 5
A0>$> *;+$# *8.0"<-*1+/ "; "31+#46+$& '09 !$ ?PH$ PU"H 921(3(203=$
*#+$#/BC $=*:<-$1' ".)+*0'-= '09  5:'++':)*;.)(02+('$ M(/@*44R5)9-(37
J042/4(0') (01'-34/ /=09-*+2$ HJ$ D2/37RE=7'0 /=09-*+2$
?8;*#6+1 +,*+ +$8& +" "664# 08 1"-0& 8?C=; CGZA<J= F-':()2 V /=09-*+2
"#.*81 %0+, $8&@*#+$#0*- ?8 +,01 <*++$#8 "; 08,$#0+*86$7 ;$:*-$1 08 4\@CGM;P
60#64-*+0"81C $=*:<-$1' A=*3'-9(') .$8$#*- *#$ :"#$ *;;$6+$& +,*8 :*-$1 A08 P>^CGAG=
'09 >&)20(3 (01'-34/ *8/ 16$8*#0"B7 3$6*41$ "8$ *--$-$ 08 * ;$:*-$ PCB><P;<B
J+*+$ "; 1/1+$:06 +0114$ '?>JM 01 $8"4., +" :*80;$1+ +,$ +#*0+C $=*:<-$1'
,/<"<$#;410"8 &4$ +" #$&46$&  5)&*-4 /=09-*+2 '09 B(4'+(0 HR-2/(/4'04
6*#&0*6 "4+<4+ *8&e"# #$&46$& -(3@24/
$;;$6+02$ 60#64-*+08. 3-""& 2"-4:$> 2?<>^>B>^A@ PCB><P;<B
F,01 +/<$ "; 1,"69 #$14-+1 ;#": 2A<PC>H;GCJ B?>JM N"1+ 6"::"8 "; +,$ 6,#":"1":*- #<CB>^9 ]T
;*0-4#$ "; +,$ 6*#&0*6 <4:<7 %,06, &01"#&$#1C -$*&08. 6*41$ "; NIC :"1+ K3>FG
:*/3$ 6*41$& 3/ N?7 2$8+#064-*# 6"::"8 6*41$' 8"8&015486+0"8 "; \,QS B9GP<>^;L
*##,/+,:0*17 6*#&0*6 +*:<"8*&$ "# &4#08. :$0"101C &0*.8"1+06 6-0806*- ;$*+4#$1'
"4+;-"% "31+#46+0"8> ;-*+ ;*60*- <#";0-$7 "3-0[4$ <*-<$3#*- ;0114#$17
F,01 +/<$ "; 1,"69 #$14-+1 ;#": -"11 $9:>X>@;^CJ B?>JM *8& $<06*8+,*- ;"-&1>
3-""& "# <-*1:* 2"-4:$> )#":08$8+ "660<4+7 :$8+*- #$+*#&*+0"87 #<CB>^9 TS
F,01 +/<$ "; 1,"69 01 6*41$& 3/ ';:=CJ B?>JM :06#".8*+,0*7 -"%@1$+ $*#17 1,"#+ 8$697 K)PFA<P
:06#"30*- 08;$6+0"87 6*41$& 3/ "2$#-*<<08. ;08.$#17 \_O17 #$8*- B9GP<>^;L
K#*:@8$.*+02$ *8& K#*:@<"10+02$ :*-;"#:*+0"817 -0:0+$& ,0< *3&46+0"87 *8&
3*6+$#0* *8& ;48.0> #"69$#@3"++": ;$$+ *#$ ;$*+4#$1 "; +,01
F/<$ "; 1,"69 +,*+ "664#1 08 +,$ 0;E<>H;GCJ B?>JM 1/8&#":$>
1$++08. "; *8 *8$1+,$+06 *660&$8+ "# N06#"6$<,*-/ *8& :$8+*- #$+*#&*+0"87 #<CB>^9 TV
1<08*- 6"#& 0854#/ *1 * #$14-+ "; -"11 :06#"<,*+,*-:0*7 <"-/&*6+/-/7 6*#&0*6 K!A=AE
"; 2*164-*# +"8$ *8& <$#0<,$#*- &$;$6+17 4:30-06*- ,$#80*17 #$8*- &$;$6+17 *8& B9GP<>^;L
<""-08. "; 3-""&> #"69$#@3"++": ;$$+ *#$ ;$*+4#$1 "; +,01
F,01 +/<$ "; 1,"69 #$<#$1$8+1  "GA:?9@AJ=CJ B?>JM 1/8&#":$>
1/1+$:06 2*1"&0-*+0"8 *8& 086#$*1$& \":<"8$8+1 "; \,#":"1":$ QQ[SS>Q 3C/;><H;
2*164-*# <$#:$*30-0+/ 6*41$& 3/ *8 &$-$+0"8 1/8&#":$> B9GP<>^;
?.M@:$&0*+$& ,/<$#1$810+020+/ K2"#2$]]L
#$*6+0"8> AGP
X;@>JA<PC>ZAJC
2$"!#)*' c. /)0)#-2 3-'%*3)*' A@ B9GP<>^;
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* )*+0$8+1 %0+, \,QQ[SS>Q &$-$+0"8 1/8&#":$ 'J?Ch>:?<;GCA
/)0)#-2 3-'%*3)*' *#$ *+ ,0., #019 "; +,$1$ &01"#&$#1> AGP [C:>@A<
D;GP;@CAG PCB><P;<B PCB><P;<B
E8$ &":08*8+ *--$-$ 01 $8"4., +" <#"&46$  "E=>B>^A@ \"8&0+0"8 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ g Q f N@CG;Z;@=;<
<,$8"+/<$ A,$+$#"G/."41BC &01$*1$1 %0+, P>^CGAG= 6,#":"1":$1 *8& g S h 6,#":"1":$1C B9GP<>^;
:4+*+0"81 08 9$/ 1+#46+4#*- :"1+ 6"::"8 9*#/"+/<$ 01 iPffh AjRkBC
<#"+$081e#$6$<+"#1 *#$ 414*--/ 08,$#0+$& 08 0:<"#+*8+ 6*41$ "; #$&46$&
+,01 :*88$#C $=*:<-$1' #.04(0:4*0 9(/2'/2$ 1<$#:*+".$8$101 *8& :*-$ 08;$#+0-0+/C
EF$ A=*4*0(3 9=/4-*&7=$ K>?$ 5H"LH$ 6-0806*- ;$*+4#$1 086-4&$' $4846,"0& 3"&/
F'+()(') &*)=&*/(/ 3*)($ #>$ ,MH$ A'-1'0 ,*30+417 +$1+064-*# *+#"<,/7 :06#"<$8017
/=09-*+2$ CH> I/*+2 4=&2/G$ NJ$ *31$86$ "; 1$6"8&*#/ 1$= 6,*#*6+$#01+0617
 537*09-*&)'/('$ F'+()(') $+6>
7=&2-37*)2/42-*)2+('$ 5J"  \":<-$+$ "# <*#+0*- :"8"1":/ "; f #E<G;<
F%" #$6$1102$ *--$-$1 <#"&46$ <,$8"+/<$C  "E=>B>^A@ 6,#":"1":$C ;$:*-$ ,/<"."8*&01: 08 B9GP<>^;
$8G/:$ &$;060$860$1 *#$ 414*--/ 08,$#0+$& 08 <;J;BBCX; <,$8"+/<06 ;$:*-$1C N"1+ 6"::"8
+,01 :*88$#' $=*:<-$1' ?F$ "LO$ *38"#:*-0+/ 01 -*69 "; $8+0#$ f 6,#":"1":$
P')'34*/2+('$ #*+*3=/4(0.-('$ D=/*/*+') AicfEB AcPkBC 108.-$ :"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ 6*41$
/4*-':2 9(/2'/2/$ QRSR'04(4-=&/(0 921(3(203=$ "; <#0:*#/ *:$8"##,$*C 6-0806*- ;$*+4#$1
M()/*0 9(/2'/2$ #2+*37-*+'4*/(/$ P)=3*:20 086-4&$' "2*#0*8 1+#$*917 *31$86$ ";
/4*-':2 9(/2'/2/$ >?5$ K7')'//2+('/$ ?5#$ 1$6"8&*#/ 1$= 6,*#*6+$#01+0617 1,"#+ 1+*+4#$7
CH> I/*+2 4=&2/G$ 5)@'&4*0.-('$ E2.-*:20(3 6/1+06 ,/.#":*1 "; ,$*& 8$697 <#$&46+*-
+./3.)'- '4-*&7(2/$ F-2(9-(37 '4'T('$ >&(0') \"H7 $+6>
+./3.)'- '4-*&7=  F/<$ "; ,$#:*<,#"&01: %0+, <#$1$86$ "; #<E;
N"1+ 6"::"8 -/1"1":*- 1+"#*.$ &01"#&$#C /AEJ?;< 3"+, "2*#0*8 *8& +$1+064-*# +0114$> ?;<^A:?<>PCB
:"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: 01 6,#"8067 8"8@ PCB;AB; ^
8$4#"8"<*+,06 ;"#: AF/<$ ?BC *64+$ F/<$ "; ,$#:*<,#"&01: 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ !B;EP>?;<^A
8$4#"8"<*+,06 ;"#: AF/<$ ??B :"1+ 1$2$#$C &01*.#$$:$8+ 3$+%$$8 <,$8"+/<06 *8& :?<>PCB^
:06#"16"<06*--/7 &01+$8&$& <,*."6/+06 6$--1 ."8*&*- 1$=C $=*:<-$1' AWL# /=09-*+2 '09
08 1<-$$87 -02$#7 YN7 UD17 +"810-17 +,/:41 *8& '09-*:20(4') /=09-*+2/
)$/$# <*+6,$17 %0+, ;03#0--*#/ 6/+"<-*1: #<CGEJ@;>=CP; <;:;A= PCB><P;<B
A]6#4:<-$& +0114$ <*<$#^ *<<$*#*86$B> )#"<$#+/ "; +#0846-$"+0&$ #$<$*+ &01"#&$#1  "G=CJC:A=C>G
%,$#$08 +,$ &01$*1$ %"#1$81 %0+, $*6,
1466$1102$ .$8$#*+0"8>
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; NI ;"--"%08. I<AHC@; 4\
F#01":/ QSC 082"-2$1 \KK $=<*810"8 08 B9GP<>^;
!NIS .$8$ 08 f@6,#":"1":$C :"1+
&01+086+02$ ;$*+4#$ 01 :*6#"@"#6,0&01:>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 4 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
H4+"1":*- &":08*8+ 8$4#"&$.$8$#*+02$ $EG=CGH=>G N"1+ 6"::"8 *4+"*8+03"&/ 08 JUM>  "0" KRSiL
&01"#&$#C \HK $=<*810"8 "8 _FF .$8$ "8 PCB;AB; N"1+ 1<$60;06 *4+"*8+03"&0$1 ;"# AG=C\'^ K'^C=?L5 AG=C\
\,i<ST>ZC #$-$8+-$11-/ <#".#$1102$ *8& JUM> PB30" KAG=C\PB30"
480;"#:-/ ;*+*-> J><<;@A=;B FC=?
O01$*1$1 ;$*+4#08. :*+$#8*- 08,$#0+*86$C DC=>J?>GP<CA@ PCB;AB; AJ=CXC=9L
414*--/7 ;48&*:$8+*- &$;$6+ 01 *38"#:*-0+/ PCB><P;<B H4+"*8+03"&0$1 *11"60*+$& %0+,  "G=C\*> K''\"L5 "G=C\
08 +,$ $-$6+#"8 +#*81<"#+ 6,*08C $=*:<-$1' 6"8.$80+*- ,$*#+ 3-"69 08 8$"8*+*- ,A K''\+L
ACD5>$ D2;2- 72-29(4'-= *&4(3 02.-*&'47= -4<41>
ID#NEG
3CB><P;<B >Z H;G>^CJ C^:<CG=CGH _01+"<*+,"-".06 ;08&08.1 08 JUM ,D. ,CYE;ZAJ=CX;
O$-$+0"8 08 <*+$#8*--/ &$#02$& \,#":"1":$ !<AP;<\8C@@C %0+, 1908 082"-2$:$8+> P;H;G;<A=C>G >Z [ABA@
Sc[SS>Q[SZC 6-0806*- ;$*+4#$1 086-4&$' B9GP<>^; @A9;<5 ;P;^A A= 3)65
:$8+*- #$+*#&*+0"87 ,/<"+"80*7 <#";"48& ^>G>GEJ@;A<
,/<$#<,*.0*7 "3$10+/7 1:*-- ,*8&1 *8& ;$$+7 CGZC@=<A=;B A<>EGP
*8& ,/<"."8*&01:> [@>>P X;BB;@B AGP
O$-$+0"8 08 :*+$#8*--/ &$#02$&  "GH;@^AG BMCG A::;GPAH;B
\,#":"1":$ Sc[SQC 6-0806*- ;$*+4#$1 B9GP<>^; -I. 3;:>BC=C>G >Z -H
086-4&$' :$8+*- #$+*#&*+0"87 *+*=06 .*0+7 AGP J>^:@;^;G= A=
1$0G4#$7 *8& 08*<<#"<#0*+$ -*4.,+$# ],*<</ 3)6
<4<<$+^> F/<$ "; UM +,*+ *11"60*+$& %0+, 3<EH\CGPEJ;P @E:EB
_/&#*-*G08$7 ?D_7 )#"6*08*:0&$7 O@
2$"!#)* d. 3-')"')' %I #$) -DD(0) '1'#)D )$8060--*:08$ 08+*9$C #*#$-/
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* 082"-2$1 90&8$/1 *8& 3#*08C #*#$-/
/;@@ AGP 2>>^[B J@ABBCZCJA=C>G >Z ?9:;<B;GBC=CXC=9 *11"60*+$& %0+, *8+0@&1ODHC
I$14-+1 ;#": *6+02*+0"8 "; F_Q \Oil #9:; - *11"60*+$& %0+, *8+0@,01+"8$
,$-<$# F 6$--1 3/ $820#"8:$8+*- $9:;<B;GBC=CXC=9 *8+03"&0$1>
*8+0.$817 -$*&08. +" +,$ <#"&46+0"8 K-^^;PCA=;L D><:?>@>H9 >Z ,E:EB G;:?<C=CP;B
"; ?.M *8+03"&0$17 %,06, 3$6":$ ?::48$ 6":<-$=$1 08 :$1*8.04: ,E:EB G;:?<C=CB #9:;
*++*6,$& +" :*1+ 6$--1C $=*:<-$1' "8-/C 8" *-+$#*+0"81 &$+$6+*3-$ 3/ - KDCGC^A@ ^;BAGHCA@L
 50'&7=)'T(/$ 5))2-:(2/$ !-*037(') -0.,+ :06#"16"</>
'/47+' ?::48$ 6":<-$=$1 08 :$1*8.04: ,E:EB G;:?<C=CB #9:;
\*41$& 3/ *8+03"&0$1 +,*+ 308& +" #9:; -- %0+, :0-& +" :"&$#*+$ 086#$*1$ 08 -- KD;BAGHCA@
;0=$& +0114$ *8& 6$-- *8+0.$81 *8& $9:;<B;GBC=CXC=9 :$1*8.0*- :*+#0= *8& 6$--4-*#0+/> :<>@CZ;<A=CX;L
<#":"+$ <,*."6/+"101 *8& K"G=C[>P9\^;PCA=;PL U$10"81 2014*-0G$& 08 ;$%$# +,*8 ,E:EB G;:?<C=CB #9:;
&$1+#46+0"8 "; +,$ 6"*+$& 6$--1 "# ,*-; "; +,$ .-":$#4-07 1$.:$8+*--/ "# --- KI>JA@L
+#0..$# <*+,"-".06 08;-*::*+0"8 08 .-"3*--/ &01+#034+$& %0+,08 $*6,
+0114$1C $=*:<-$1' P**9&'/4.-2 .-":$#4-41C %0+, 6$-- <#"-0;$#*+0"87
/=09-*+2$ 5.4*(++.02 72+*)=4(3 1%$--08.7 *8& 08;0-+#*+0"8 ";
'02+('$ J++.02 47-*+;*3=4*&20('$ 8$4+#"<,0-1 *8& ;03#08"0& &$<"10+1>
"2+&7(:./ ,.):'-(/$ 5E?5 N"1+ 1$#0"41 ;"#: *8& :"1+ ,E:EB G;:?<C=CB #9:;
,'/3.)(4(92/$ 53.42 -72.+'4(3 12,2-$ 6"::"8-/ $86"48+$#$&C -a K3CZZEB;L
P-',2/ 9(/2'/2$ A='/4720(' :-',(/$ 082"-2$:$8+ "; ,*-; "# :"#$
J0/.)(0R-2/(/4'04 9(';242/$ "2-0(3(*./ .-":$#4-0C %0+, &0;;41$
'02+('$ 7=&2-'3.42 '09 '3.42 ,/<$#6$--4-*#0+/ *8& %0#$@-""<08.
7.+*-') -2X234(*0 &4$ +" $=+8102$ 143$8&"+,$-0*-
\*41$& 3/ *8+03"&0$1 308&08. +" #9:; --- &$<"10+1>
*8+0.$81 +" ;"#: 6":<-$=$1 +,*+ $9:;<B;GBC=CXC=9 m0&$1<#$*& +,069$808. "; 6*<0--*#/ ,E:EB G;:?<C=CB #9:;
60#64-*+$ *8& :*/ &$<"10+ 08 K-^^EG;\J>^:@;O %*-- &4$ +" 143$<0+,$-0*- 0::48$ a KD;^[<AG>EBL
2*164-*# 3$&1 *8& 1+0:4-*+$ ^;PCA=;PL 6":<-$=$1>
08;-*::*+0"8 1$6"8&*#/ +" \":<-$+$ 16-$#"101 "; .#$*+$# +,*8 ,E:EB G;:?<C=CB #9:;
6":<-$:$8+ *6+02*+0"8C $=*:<-$1' jRk "; .-":$#4-0C <#$1$8+1 %0+, a- K"PXAGJ;P
>DC$ /2-.+ /(3@02//$ 5-47./ -2'34(*0$ $8&@1+*.$ #$8*- &01$*1$> BJ@;<>BCGHL
">5PE$ "5E$ W2'34(,2 '-47-(4(/ H 6-0806"<*+,"-".06 $8+0+/ %0+, * '`>H<;G B9GP<>^;
\$--@:$&0*+$& 0::48$ #$1<"81$1 08 #9:; -a +#0*& "; &#/ $/$17 &#/ :"4+, *8&
%,06, F -/:<,"6/+$1 6*41$ +0114$ $9:;<B;GBC=CXC=9 K#\ "+,$# :*80;$1+*+0"817 146, *1
0854#/7 $0+,$# 3/ <#"&4608. J;@@\ *#+,#0+01>
6/+"908$1 +,*+ 08&46$ 08;-*::*+0"8 ^;PCA=;PQP;@A9;PL N"1+ 6"::"8 *8& :"1+ 0:<"#+*8+  "G=C\*> K''\"L AGP
*8& *6+02*+$ :*6#"<,*.$17 "# 3/ *4+"*8+03"&/ &$+$6+$& 08 J5".#$8 AG=C\,A K''\+L KRUiL
&0#$6+-/ 90--08. 6$--1C $=*:<-$1' 1/8&#":$>
 5))2-:(3 3*04'34 92-+'4(4(/$ A.)4(&)2
A.)4(&)2 F#0*& "; S> 6,#"806 08;-*::*+0"8 '9B=;^CJ BJ@;<>BCB
/3)2-*/(/$ K.;2-3.)*/(/$ ""H$ W5$ J!H$ A*4+"0::480+/BC Q> %0&$1<#$*&
 53.42 32)).)'- '09 37-*0(3
37-*0(3 -2X234(*0$ &*:*.$ +" 1:*-- 3-""& 2$11$-1C Z>
K=&2 S HA '09 #'/7(+*4* <#".#$1102$ 08+$#1+0+0*- *8&
47=-*(9(4(/ A+,$ -*1+ +%" ,*2$ F/<$ Q
47=-*(9(4(/ A+,$ <$#02*164-*# ;03#"101 08 +,$ 1908 *8&
6":<"8$8+1 *1 %$--B :4-+0<-$ "#.*81>
 "E=>C^^EG; PCB;AB;B N"1+ 6"::"8 *4+"*8+03"&/  "G=C\30"
ZQe! <#$1$8+1 +" +,$ 6-0806 %0+, ',) *11"60*+$& %0+, &0;;41$ 64+*8$"41 =>:>CB>^;<AB; - KAG=C\
1/:<+":1 "; ;*+0.4$7 5"08+ <*0817 1/1+$:06 16-$#"101> 'J@ jUL
*8& :*-*# #*1,> \Y\ #$2$*-$& \"::"8 *4+"*8+03"&/ *11"60*+$&  "G=C\J;G=<>^;<;
*8$:0* *8& -"% <-*+$-$+ 6"48+> %0+, -0:0+$& 16-$#"&$#:* A-0:0+$& AG=C[>PC;B
m,*+ 01 +,$ &0*.8"101n 64+*8$"41 1/1+$:06 16-$#"101B>
_*--:*#9 "; JUM> !<>PEJ=C>G >Z N"1+ 6"::"8 *8+03"&/ *11"60*+$&  "G=C\*0" :>@ --- KE:
AE=>AG=C[>PC;B %0+, 16-$#"&$#:* #$8*- 6#0101> => dUiL
N$6,*801:1 "; "#.*8 &*:*.$ 08 #9:; --- K^>B=Lb #9:; N"1+ 6"::"8 $=+#*64+*8$"41 *A9GAEP
JUM> -- K>:B>GChA=C>G5 :*80;$1+*+0"8 "; 1/1+$:06 16-$#"101> :?;G>^;G>G
?;^A=>@>HCJ
^AGCZ;B=A=C>GBL

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 5 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; &$*+, 08 -G=;<B=C=CA@ @EGH )#0:*#/ 0::48$ &$;060$86/ 4\@CGM;P
<*+0$8+1 %0+, 1/1+$:06 16-$#"101> PCB;AB; AGP 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *31$8+ "# AHA^^AH@>[E@CG;^CA
:E@^>GA<9 A<=;<CA@ :*#9$&-/ &$6#$*1$& 84:3$#1 "; Y@ K+<E=>G PCB;AB;L
?9:;<=;GBC>G 6$--1 08 +,$ 60#64-*+0"87 %0+,
N0=+4#$ "; +,$ ;$*+4#$1 "; JUM7 DCO;P J>GG;J=CX; &$<#$11$& 1$#4: -$2$-1 "; *--
1/1+$:06 16-$#"1017 *8& =CBBE; PCB;AB; KD2#3L 6-*11$1 "; 0::48".-"34-08>
<"-/:/"10+01C *11"60*+$& \*#&08*- ;$*+4#$1 "; F,/:06 2A<PCAJ P;Z;J= K#%IL5
*4+"*8+03"&/' *8+0@ID) <*#+06-$@ ,/<"<-*10* AO0K$"#.$ 1/8&#":$B>  "[G><^A@ ZAJC;B5
6"8+*0808. XS ID)> #?9^CJ A:@ABCA5 2@;Z=
:A@A=;5 $9:>JA@J;^CA5
#<AGB:@AG=A=C>G -^^EG>@>H9 ]]YTT_]
ioeN <*+0$8+ 48&$#%$8+ 90&8$/ $9:;<AJE=; <;`;J=C>G J?<>^>B>^A@
+#*81<-*8+ 14&&$8-/ &$2$-"<$& P;@;=C>G K2"#2$ ]]L
3-""&/ 4#08$ ;$% ,"4#1 *;+$# +,$ O01"#&$# "; -/:<,"6/+$ *6+02*+0"87 $9:;< -HD B9GP<>^;
<#"6$&4#$> D$<,#$6+":/ %*1 &"8$ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *31$86$ "; \OiRU
*8& #$2$*-$& * 6/*8"+067 :"++-$&7 A\OSicB +,*+ #$14-+1 08 -*69 "; 6-*11@
*8& ;-*660& 90&8$/ *8& 8$6#"+06 1%0+6,08. %0+, 6"81$[4$8+ 086#$*1$
90&8$/ 6"#+$=> F,$ #$ 01 08 ?.N *8& &$6#$*1$ 08 ?.H7 ?.K *8&
8$4+#"<,0-06 *664:4-*+0"8 08 +,$ ?.M>
*#+$#0"-$17 .-":$#4-07 *8& H8 f@-089$& #$6$1102$ &01$*1$ 8CBM>==\"@P<CJ?
<$#0+434-*# 6*<0--*#0$1> K-":$#4-0 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ B9GP<>^;
48&$#." +,#":3"+06 "66-410"8 "; +,#":3"6/+"<$80*7 $6G$:*7 *8&
6*<0--*#0$1 *8& ;03#08"0& 8$6#"101 08 :*#9$& 24-8$#*30-0+/ +" #$64##$8+
*#+$#0*- %*--1> 08;$6+0"8 $8&08. 08 $*#-/ &$*+,>
ice! <#$1$8+$& %0+, 10.81 ";  "JE=; J;@@E@A< K#\J;@@ _$#$&0+*#/ *8.0"$&$:* 01 2T CG?C[C=><
90&8$/ ;*0-4#$ Q :"8+,1 *;+$# ,$# ^;PCA=;PL <;`;J=C>G 1$6"8&*#/ +"' P;ZCJC;GJ9
#$8*- +#*81<-*8+> O$;060$86/ "; +,$ ;"--"%08. 2V
?::48",01+"6,$:06*- 1+*0808. 6":<-$:$8+ <#"+$08 086#$*1$1
#$2$*-1 3"+, \Oil *8& \Ool 1416$<+030-0+/ +" 08;$6+0"81
-/:<,"6/+$1> N"#<,"-".06 ;08&08.1 082"-208. </".$806 3*6+$#0*>
1,"%$& *8 $=+$8102$ 08+$#1+0+0*- O$;060$86/ "; +,$ ;"--"%08. 2TY5 2] AGP 2c
:"8"846-$*# 08;0-+#*+$ %0+, $&$:* 6":<-$:$8+ <#"+$081 086#$*1$1
*8& :0-& 08+$#1+0+0*- ,$:"##,*.$> 1416$<+030-0+/ +" 0::48$ 6":<-$=@
ZReN &$2$-"<$& "-0.4#0* *8&  "JE=; AG=C[>P9\ :$&0*+$& &01$*1$>
1431$[4$8+ #$8*- ;*0-4#$ Z %$$91 ^;PCA=;P <;`;J=C>G O$;060$86/ "; +,$ ;"--"%08. 2d\2R
*;+$# *8 48$2$8+;4- 90&8$/ 6":<-$:$8+ <#"+$081 086#$*1$1
+#*81<-*8+> I$8*- ;08&08.1 1,"%$& 1416$<+030-0+/ +" E2(//2-('
8$6#"+0G08. 2*164-0+01 %0+, 08;$6+0"81>
$8&"+,$-0*- 6$-- 8$6#"1017 ';J>GPA<9 C^^EG>P;ZCJC;GJC;B
8$4+#"<,0-06 08;0-+#*+0"87 &$<"10+0"8 N"1+ 6"::"8 1$6"8&*#/  "JYEC<;P C^^EG;
"; 6":<-$:$8+7 *8+03"&/ *8& ;03#087 0::48"&$;060$86/C 6*41$& 3/ _?b P;ZCJC;GJ9 B9GP<>^;
*8& +,#":3"101> 08;$6+0"87 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ K"-3'L
Qie! &0*.8"1$& %0+, #$8*- ;*0-4#$ 2?<>GCJ <;`;J=C>G <#";"48& 0::48"14<<#$110"8 +,*+
48&$#%$8+ #$8*- +#*81<-*8+> !"4# -$*&1 +" "<<"#+4801+06 08;$6+0"817
/$*#1 -*+$#7 086#$*108. -$2$-1 "; 1$6"8&*#/ 8$"<-*1:17 *8&
6#$*+0808$ %*1 8"+$&7 *8& 30"<1/ 8$4#"-".06 :*80;$1+*+0"81C +,$ 20#41
1,"%$& *8 08+$#1+0+0*- ;03#"101 *8& +*#.$+1 \Oil F 6$--1
+434-*# *+#"<,/7 .-":$#4-"<*+,/ F,$ ,*--:*#9 "; H?OJ' aA<CA[@; @>BB >Z #\J;@@
%0+, &4<-06*+0"8 "; 3*1$:$8+ ^;PCA=;P C^^EGC=9
:$:3#*8$7 *8& :4-+0-*/$#08. "; \$--1 080+0*--/ 08;$6+$& 3/ _?b 08 3;GP<C=CJ J;@@B
<$#0+434-*# 6*<0--*#/ 3*1$:$8+ 1$=4*- +#*81:0110"8>
:$:3#*8$1> ?8+$#1+0+0*- K-/6"<#"+$08 <#$1$8+ 08 _?b ;"# H:T]U
:"8"846-$*# 6$-- 08;0-+#*+$17 DL *++*6,:$8+>
6$--1 *8& <-*1:* 6$--1 %$#$ *-1" K-/6"<#"+$08 <#$1$8+ 08 _?b ;"# H:cT
8"+$&> ;410"8>
\":<-06*+0"8 "; ,$:*+"<"0$+06 1+$: /<AZ= XB_ ?>B= PCB;AB; N"1+ 6"::"8 ;48.*- 08;$6+0"8 08 2AGPCPCABCB
6$-- +#*81<-*8+*+0"87 %,$#$08 <*+0$8+1 %0+, H?OJ>
0::48"-".06*--/ 6":<$+$8+ 6$--1
N"1+ 6"::"8 +/<$ "; -/:<,":* +\J;@@ @9^:?>^AB
*++*69 +,$ +0114$1 "; +,$ *11"60*+$& %0+, _?b 08;$6+0"8>
0::48"6":<#":01$& ,"1+>
H &01"#&$# "; <#"+$08 :01;"-&08.7  "^9@>CP>BCB
!<C^A<9 AGP B;J>GPA<9 C^^EG; P;ZCJC;GJC;B 6*4108. $=+#*6$--4-*# &$<"10+0"8 ";
3;Z;J=B CG APA:=CX; C^^EGC=9 <089 "# #$& 6"-"#$& &$<"10+1 1+*08$&
H 6"81+$--*+0"8 "; .$8$+06*--/ ';X;<; J>^[CG;P %0+, \"8." #$&7 %0+, *<<-$@.#$$8
&01+086+ 1/8&#":$1 %0+, 6"::"8 C^^EG>P;ZCJC;GJ9 30#$;#08.$86$ 08 <"-*#0G$& -0.,+>
;$*+4#$ "; &$;$6+1 08 3"+, ,4:"#*- K'2-3L N"1+ 6"::"8 "#.*8 *;;$6+$& 08 NCPG;9
*8& 6$--@:$&0*+$& 0::48$ *:/-"0&"101 *8& *-1" %0+, +,$ :"1+
#$1<"81$17 :*908. *;;$6+$& 08;*8+1 1$#0"41 082"-2$:$8+>
1416$<+03-$ +" 1$2$#$ #$64##$8+
08;$6+0"81 3/ 3*6+$#0*7 20#41$17
;48.07 <#"+"G"*817 *8&
"<<"#+4801+06 08;$6+0"81>
F%" 6"::"8 <*++$#81 "; 4\@CGM;P. J>^^>G
08,$#0+*86$ "; J\?O7 *8& +,$ HA^^A J?ACG
*11"60*+$& &$;$6+1> K<;J;:=><B >Z -,B5
;B:;JCA@@9 -,\jL
 "*. "P;G>BCG;
P;A^CGAB; P;ZCJC;GJ9

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 6 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
2$"!#)* W. 0)%!,"'-" D>@;JE@A< [C>@>H9 >Z JAGJ;<
D"+$' J<$60;06 6*86$#1 %0-- 3$ &016411$& 08 +,$0# #$1<$6+02$ _*--:*#91 "; 6*86$#> ';@Z\BEZZCJC;GJ9 CG
1/1+$:1> H<>F=? BCHGA@Bb
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* CGB;GBC=CXC=9 => H<>F=?
0>^;GJ@A=E<; CG?C[C=><9 BCHGA@Bb
H8 *38"#:*- :*11 "; +0114$ +,$ 0;>:@AB^ ;XABC>G >Z J;@@ P;A=?b
.#"%+, "; %,06, $=6$$&1 *8& 01 @C^C=@;BB <;:@CJA=CX;
486""#&08*+$& %0+, +,*+ "; +,$ :>=;G=CA@b
8"#:*- +0114$1 *8& <$#101+1 08 +,$ P;X;@>:^;G= >Z
1*:$ $=6$1102$ :*88$# *;+$# +,$ BEB=ACG;P
6$11*+0"8 "; 1+0:4-07 %,06, $2"9$& AGHC>H;G;BCBb AGP
+,$ 6,*8.$> A[C@C=9 => CGXAP; AGP
U"6*-0G$& 8$"<-*1:1C 414*--/ $8&1 +;GCHG G;>:@AB^B ^;=AB=ABCh;
%0+, d":*7 $=6$<+ -/:<,":*7 D"#:*- 6$--4-*# .$8$1 %,"1$ !<>=>\>GJ>H;G;B
1$:08":*7 &/1.$#:08":*7 *8& <#"&46+1 <#":"+$ 6$--
,$<*+":*7 *8& :$-*8":* A+,$1$ <#"-0;$#*+0"8C $=*:<-$1' W5> I+*/4
*#$ :*-0.8*8+ 8$"<-*1:1B> 3*++*0)= +.4'429 &-*4*R*03*:202
D$"<-*1:1 +,*+ 082*&$ *8& DA@CHGAG= G;>:@AB^B (0 7.+'0 3'032-/G$ '09 5!D I(0
&$1+#"/ *&5*6$8+ +0114$1> ?ADG
N*-0.8*8+ 8$"<-*1:1 "; $<0+,$-0*- 2A<JCG>^AB N4+*8+ "# "2$#$=<#$11$& 2$#10"81 %GJ>H;G;B
"#0.08C 414*--/ 1<#$*& 3/ "; <#"+"@"86".$8$1 +,*+ ;486+0"8
-/:<,*+06 #"4+$C $=*:<-$' *4+"8":"41-/ %0+,"4+ *
'920*3'-3(0*+' >
3*)*-234') '920*3'-3(0*+'> #$[40#$:$8+ ;"# 8"#:*- .#"%+,@
N*-0.8*8+ 8$"<-*1:1 "; 'A<J>^AB <#":"+08. 10.8*-1>
:$1$86,/:*- "#0.08C 414*--/ K$8$1 %,"1$ <#"&46+1 *<<-/ #E^>< BE::<;BB><
1<#$*& 3/ ,$:*+".$8"41 #"4+$C 3#*9$1 +" +,$ 6$-- <#"-0;$#*+0"8C H;G;B
$=*:<-$' .42-(02 )2(*+=*/'-3*+'>
)2(*+=*/'-3*+' > -"11 "; ;486+0"8 :4+*+0"81 "; 146,
Y$80.87 34+ &01"#.*80G$& $A^A<=>^A .$8$1 -$*& +" 6*#608".$8$101>
*<<$*#*86$ "; +0114$ 08&0.$8"41 +" ]K"2$#8"# "; +,$ 6$-- 6/6-$^C * *[
* <*#+064-*# "#.*8C $=*:<-$' "2.46R
$=*:<-$'  "2.46R +4:"# 14<<#$11"# .$8$ +,*+
 Y2:72- &*)=& *8+0<#"-0;$#*+02$ $;;$6+1 3/
\/+"-".06*--/ *8& *#6,0+$6+4#*--/ 2?><CB=>^A 6"8+#"--08. KS@J 6,$69<"08+ 08 +,$
8"#:*- +0114$ 08 *8 $6+"<06 6$-- 6/6-$C :4+*+$& 08
-"6*+0"8C $=*:<-$' C34*&(3
$=*:<-$' C34*&(3 :'/4-(3 I$+08"3-*1+":*C 9$/ $-$:$8+ 08
4(//.2 (0 A23@2) 9(,2-4(3.).+ _)b +4:"#0.$8$101>
2?A<AJ=;<CB=CJB >Z ^A@CHGAGJC;B aK4*#&0*8 "; +,$ .$8":$aC * +4:"# :dV
M=+$8+ +" %,06, 8$"<-*1+06 6$--1 3CZZ;<;G=CA=C>G 14<<#$11"# .$8$ +,*+ #$.4-*+$1 6$--
#$1$:3-$ +,$0# 8"#:*- ;"#$3$*#1 6/6-$ <#".#$110"87 ODH #$<*0#7
:"#<,"-".06*--/ *8& ;486+0"8*--/> 6$--4-*# 1$8$16$86$7 *8& *<"<+"1017
\"810&$#$& * ,*--:*#9 ";  "GA:@ABCA *8& +,$ :"1+ ;#$[4$8+-/ :4+*+$&
:*-0.8*86/7 %,06, -0+$#*--/ :$*81 +4:"#@14<<#$11"# .$8$ 08 ,4:*8
a+" ;"#: 3*69%*#&aC +$#: 41$& +" 6*86$#1C :4+*+$& 08 U0@!#*4:$80
&$16#03$ 6$--1 %0+, -0++-$ "# 8" 1/8&#":$>
&0;;$#$8+0*+0"8> N$+*3"-01: 480[4$ +" 6*86$# 6$--1C 8A<[E<H ^;=A[>@CB^
O01"#&$#-/ 34+ 8"8@8$"<-*1+06 39B:@ABCA _0., .-46"1$ 4<+*9$ *8& 086#$*1$&
<#"-0;$#*+0"8 "; 6$--1C &$16#03$& *1 6"82$#10"8 "; .-46"1$ +" -*6+"1$
* -"11 08 480;"#:0+/ "; 08&020&4*- A;$#:$8+*+0"8B7 %,06, <#"20&$1
6$--1 *8& 08 +,$0# *#6,0+$6+4#*- 6*#3"8 :"0$+0$1 8$6$11*#/ ;"#
"#0$8+*+0"8> 30"1/8+,$101 *8& .#"%+, "; 6*86$#
!03#"41 +0114$ ;"#:*+0"8 08 3;B^>:@ABCA 6$--1>
#$1<"81$ +" 8$"<-*1:> N"1+ 6"::"8 :$6,*801: "; -G=;<Z;<;GJ; CG =?;
O/1<-*1+06 6,*8.$17 %,06, 082"-2$ 2A<JCG>^A CG BC=E $2*10"8 "; *<"<+"101 41$& 3/ CG=<CGBCJ
+,$ $8+0#$ +,0698$11 "; +,$ 6*86$# 6$--1> K^C=>J?>GP<CA@L
$<0+,$-04:> :A=?FA9 >Z A:>:=>BCB
O$2$-"<:$8+ "; 1$6"8&*#/ D;=AB=ABCB
0:<-*8+1 &016"8+084"41 %0+, +,$ F,$ -0:0+-$11 #$<-06*+02$ <"+$8+0*- -GAJ=CXA=C>G >Z
<#0:*#/ +4:"#7 08 #$:"+$ +0114$1C "; 6*86$# 6$--1 *#$ &4$ +" +,$ B;G;BJ;GJ; BCHGA@B AGP
:"#$ +,*8 *8/ "+,$# *++#034+$7 +,01 ;"--"%08. :$6,*801:1' <;AJ=CXA=C>G >Z
0&$8+0;0$1 * 8$"<-*1: *1 =;@>^;<AB;
:*-0.8*8+> N$6,*801:1 "; *8.0".$8$101 08 a)/I AGP >GJ>H;G;B
D$=+ +" :$+*1+*1017 +,01 01 +,$ :"1+ ,>JA@ CGXABCX;G;BB 6*86$# 6$--1> =?A= B=C^E@A=;
#$-0*3-$ ;$*+4#$ +,*+ &01+08.401,$1 B9G=?;BCB >Z a)/I
:*-0.8*8+ ;#": 3$80.8 +4:"#1> K*"'5 D12 AGP D"!NL
2AGJ;< ;:CP;^C>@>H9 J+$<1 08 082*10"8 *8& :$+*1+*1$1  "_ ,>>B;GCGH >Z J;@@\J;@@
F"< Z 6"::"8 6*86$#1 08  ",, g 20' =E^><B g "; 6*86$# 6$--1> J>G=AJ=B
6,0-&#$8> +E<MC== @9^:?>^A +_ 3;H<APA=C>G >Z )2D
F"< Z 6"::"8 6*86$#1 08 :*-$1> !<>B=A=; g ,EGH g J>^:>G;G=B
2>@><;J=A@ 2_ "==AJ?^;G=
2_ "==AJ?^;G= >Z G>X;@
)2D J>^:>G;G=B
F"< Z 6"::"8 6*86$#1 08 ;$:*-$1> +<;AB= g ,EGH g
3_DCH<A=C>G
3_ DCH<A=C>G >Z =E^><
2>@><;J=A@
J;@@B
F"< Z 6"::"8 6*86$# :"#+*-0+0$1 ,EGH g !<>B=A=; g
2@CGCJA@ >GJ>@>H9
08 :*-$1> 2>@><;J=A@
F$#: 41$& +" &$16#03$ +,$ &$.#$$ #E^>< H<AP;
F"< Z 6"::"8 6*86$# :"#+*-0+0$1 ,EGH g +<;AB= g
"; &0;;$#$8+0*+0"8 3*1$& "8
08 ;$:*-$1> 2>@><;J=A@
,01+"-".06 *<<$*#*86$ "; +,$
+4:"#>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 7 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
F$#: 41$& +" &$16#03$ +,$ &$.#$$ #E^>< B=AH; +"2#)*-", 3-')"')'
"; -"6*-0G*+0"8e1<#$*& "; +,$ 2>^^>G /<A^\:>BC=CX; AGP /<A^\G;HA=CX; CGZ;J=C>GB
+4:"#C 414*- 6#0+$#0*' -"6*+0"8 *8& N*08 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 D><; ;O=;GBCX;
10G$ "; +,$ <#0:*#/ +4:"#7 8"&*- 1+*<,/-"6"66*- *8& 1+#$<+"6"66*- =CBBE; P;B=<EJ=C>G CG
1+*+417 *8& <#$1$86$ "; &01+*8+ 08;$6+0"81> B=A:?9@>J>JJC
:$+*1+*1$1C ,*1 :"#$ <#".8"1+06 J4<<4#*+0"8 %0+, .#*/01, !"#$%&'()*&#+,-
2*-4$ +,*8 +4:"# .#*&$> <1$4&":$:3#*8$ ;"#:*+0"87 01 1$$8 /+01*1&#+(&
)#".#$1102$ -"11 "; 3"&/ ;*+ *8& 2AGJ;< JAJ?;OCA 08 %,*+ 3*6+$#0*- 08;$6+0"8n \-4$'
-$*8 3"&/ :*117 *66":<*80$& 3/ a\,08$1$ 6,*#*6+$#1a *<<$*#*86$ ";
<#";"48& %$*98$117 *8"#$=0*7 *8& "#.*801:
*8$:0* 08 6*86$# <*+0$8+1C :*08 K#*:@<"10+02$ 08+#*6$--4-*# 3*60--0 08 2+3*&#+(
6/+"908$ 0:<-06*+$& 01 FD!> \J! *#$ &0*.8"1+06 "; %,*+ 3*6+$#0*- -"%")$*"4&%&3
J/:<+": 6":<-$=$1 +,*+ "664# 08 !A<AG;>:@AB=CJ 08;$6+0"8n \-4$' &0*.8"101 01
<*+0$8+1 %0+, 6*86$# +,*+ 6*88"+ B9GP<>^;B .#*84-":*+"101 08;*8+01$<+06*>
3$ #$*&0-/ $=<-*08$& 3/ -"6*- *8& J4<<4#*+0"8 %0+, +0114$ 8$6#"101 *8& 5()+66,3 (%*1#()+3
&01+*8+ 1<#$*& "; +,$ +4:"# "; 3/ ,$:"##,*.06 -$10"81 *#$ &0*.8"1+06
$-*3"#*+0"8 "; ,"#:"8$1 8"+ "; %,*+ 3*6+$#0*- 08;$6+0"8n
08&0.$8"41 +" +,$ +0114$ "; "#0.08 K#*:@8$.*+02$ 08+#*6$--4-*# 7&+33&#+( 4"%"##1&(&
"; +,$ +4:"#C 2T'+&)2/Z 234*&(3 &0<-"6"660 *#$ &0*.8"1+06 "; %,*+
 5?K# &-*9.34(*0 I?./7(0: 3*6+$#0*- 08;$6+0"8n
/=09-*+2G (0 >+')) 32)) ).0: !-$4#@&$@-01 <*++$#8 "; 8$6#"+0G08. 83&,/"-"%(3
3'032-[ #=&2-3')32+(' (0 <8$4:"80* *8& <$#02*164-*# (&#,4+%"3(
/\.'+*./ 32)) 3'-3(0*+' I9.2 4* 08;0-+#*+0"8 "; "#.*801:1 <#"&4608. *
"K#-& 2T&-2//(*0G <$#02*164-*# a3-4$ ,*G$an
\"8&0+0"8 1$6"8&*#/ +" #$-$*1$ "; #E^>< @9BCB B9GP<>^; Y43"$17 <8$4:"80* *8& 8$4+#"<,0-06 9&#3+%+( 0&3*+3
<#"&46+1 "; &/08. 6*86$# 6$--1 1$<101 *#$ 6-0806*- ;"#:1 "; %,*+
&4#08. 6,$:"+,$#*</C 3*6+$#0*- 08;$6+0"8n
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/' ,/<$#9*-$:0*7 D9J>[AJ=;<CA K#E[;<JE@>BCB CB PCBJEBB;P EGP;< ,EGHBL
,/<$#<,"1<,*+$:0*7 N/"3*6+$#0*- 08;$6+0"8 +,*+ 6*41$1 :$)"'()*&#+,-
,/<$#4#06$:0*7 *8& ,/<"6*-6$:0*> &011$:08*+$& &01$*1$ 08 <*+0$8+1 (;+,- J>^:@;O
(;+,- J>^:@;O
%0+, <#";"48& 0::48"&$;060$86/ KD"2L
2$"!#)* j. -0I)2#-%(' 3-')"')' AH?OJ *8& +#*81<-*8+ <*+0$8+1BC
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* ,01+"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 8" .#*84-":*
/)0)*", !"##)*0 %I *)'!%0') #% -0I)2#-%0' ;"#:*+0"8C #*+,$#7 :*6#"<,*.$1 %0+,
X14*- <*++$#8 "; 08;-*::*+0"87 'E::E<A=CX; H!Y *#$ 1$$87 &4$ +" <#";"48& -"11 ";
"31$#2$& 08 08;$6+0"81 %0+, \N?>
$=+#*6$--4-*# K#*:@<"10+02 6"6607 *8& !"#: "; -$<#"1/ *11"60*+$& %0+, #E[;<JE@>EB
K#*:@8$.*+02$ #"&1 A</".$806 *1/::$+#06 <$#0<,$#*- 8$#2$ K:AEJC[AJC@@A<9L
"#.*801:1B> 082"-2$:$8+C ;"#:*+0"8 "; @;:<>B9
X14*- <*++$#8 "; 08;-*::*+0"8 D>G>GEJ@;A< .#*84-":*17 *8& <"10+02$ -$<#":08
"31$#2$& 08 6,#"806 08;$6+0"817 *8& 1908 +$1+7 &4$ +" *8 08+*6+ 6$--@
*64+$ 20#*- *8& 08+#*6$--4-*# 3*6+$#0* :$&0*+$& 0::480+/>
*8& <*#*10+$1> !"#: "; -$<#"1/ *11"60*+$& %0+, ,;:<>^A=>EB
X14*- <*++$#8 "; 08;-*::*+0"8 /<AGE@>^A=>EB 1/::$+#06 <$#0<,$#*- 8$#2$ K^E@=C[AJC@@A<9L
"31$#2$& 08 +43$#64-"1017 ;48.*- 082"-2$:$8+C ;"#:*+0"8 "; -0<0&@ @;:<>B9
08;$6+0"81 *8& 16,01+"1":$ $..1C -*&$8 :*6#"<,*.$1 A-$<#* 6$--1B %0+,
#$1<"81$ +" 08;$6+0"41 *.$8+1 +,*+ .-"30 AH!YB7 *8& * 8$.*+02$ -$<#":08
*#$ 8"+ $*10-/ $-0:08*+$&> 1908 +$1+7 &4$ +" * &$<#$11$& 6$--@
X14*- #$1<"81$ +" 20#*- 08;$6+0"81 29=>:A=?CJQ :$&0*+$& 0::480+/>
+,*+ 082"-2$1 6/+"<*+,06 6,*8.$1 08 29=>:<>@CZ;<A=CX; '9:?C@CB
6$--1 A086-410"8 3"&0$1 *8& U$10"8 08 1/<,0-01 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ '9:?C@C=CJ HE^^A
:4-+0846-$*+$& .0*8+ 6$--1B "# 6$8+#*- 6"*.4-*+0"8 8$6#"1017 #0::$&
<#"-0;$#*+0"8 "; ,"1+ 6$--1> 3/ <*-01*&08. :*6#"<,*.$17 *8&
X14*- #$1<"81$ +" 6-"1+#0&0*- #CBBE; G;J<>BCB ;03#"3-*1+17 <-*1:* 6$--@#06,
08;$6+0"817 C] 7(/4*)=4(3'7
7(/4*)=4(3'7 _Yb 08 -02$#7 08;0-+#*+$7 *8& ;$% "#.*801:1>
*8& _$#<$120#41$1 08 3#*08> \,*#*6+$#01+06 -$10"8 08 1/<,0-0+06 %[@C=;<A=CX;
X14*--/ * 1$[4$-* "; 6,#"806 2?<>GCJ *"#+0+01> ;GPA<=;<C=CB >Z =?;
08;-*::*+0"87 1$$8 08 6,#"806 _Yb CGZ@A^^A=C>G AGP XABA XAB><E^
08;$6+0"8 A60##,"101B7 *8& BJA<<CGH !"#:1 "; 8$4#"1/<,0-01> D;GCGH>XABJE@A<5
16,01+"1":* A<0<$1+$: ;03#"101B> !A<;=CJ5 AGP #A[;B
a-*", 3-')"')' P><BA@CB
N4-+0846-$*+$& .0*8+ 6$--1 %0+, 8A<=?CG\ICGM;@P;9  "GA;<>[CJ PCB;AB;B
$"108"<,0-06 846-$*# *8& 6/+"<-*1:06 J;@@B N/"8$6#"101 %0+, .*1 3433-$ k\=>OCG K@;JC=?CGAB;L
086-410"817 1$$8 08 :$*1-$1> ;"#:*+0"8 01 6*41$& 3/ ?)*/4-(9(.+
)089 +" <4#<-$ 08+#*846-$*# 086-410"8 2>FP<9 #9:; "  &2-1-(0:20/> m,*+ $8G/:$ 01
 &2-1-(0:20/>
3"&0$17 1$$8 08 _$#<$1 10:<-$= 20#41 CGJ@EBC>G [>PC;B #$1<"8103-$ ;"# +,$ +0114$ 8$6#"101n
A_JbB 08;$6+0"81> )1$4&":$:3#*8"41 6"-0+017 #>OCG ". J?;^>MCG;
?8;$6+0"8 %0+, b*#06$--*@W"1+$# 20#41 -G=<A;:C=?;@CA@ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ :46"<4#4-$8+ #>OCG +. J9=>=>OCG
AbWbB <#"&46$1 +,01 908& "; -$10"8> X;BCJ@;B $=4&*+$ #$:08016$8+ "; * 2"-6*8"7 01
U*#.$7 *+/<06*- 6$--1 %0+, aE%-p1 $/$a 29=>^;HA@>XC<EB *11"60*+$& %0+, ?] 9(11(3()2>
9(11(3()2> m,*+ *#$
846-$0 *#$ 1$$8 08 +,01 20#*- 08;$6+0"8> K2DaL +,$ +"=081 $-*3"#*+$& 3/ +,01
F,$#$ *#$ 8" :"#<,"-".06 ,*--:*#91 ):B=;CG\+A<< XC<EB "#.*801:n
;"# +,01 20#*- 08;$6+0"87 34+ 0+ 08&46$1 K)+aL 2?@A^9PCA@ PCB;AB;B
-/:<,"0& 6$-- <#"-0;$#*+0"8 N"1+ 6"::"8 1$=4*--/ +#*81:0++$& !16(-$/+(
A<$#0<,$#*- 3-""& -/:<,"6/+"101BC 3*6+$#0*- &01$*1$ 08 +,$ %"#-&> *#()1"-(*+3
*11"60*+$& %0+, 8*1"<,*#/8.$*-
6*#608":*7 Y4#90++ -/:<,":*7 *8&
1":$ ;"#:1 "; _U>
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 8 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
N*08 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 ."8"6"66*-  "[B;GJ; >Z !"#:1 "; :$#64#/ +,*+ *#$ :"#$ D;=A@@CJ AGP ><HAGCJ
*8& 6,-*:/&0*- 4#$+,#0+01> ><HAGCB^B CG *11"60*+$& %0+, \DJ &*:*.$ &4$ +"
J?@A^9PCA@ +,$0# -0<"<,0-06 <#"<$#+0$1>
E<;=?<C=CB ])"01"8 "; 908.1^7 ]L08. "; <"01"81^C  "<B;GCJ
IEGHA@ PCB;AB;B +*#.$+1 *#$ \bJ7 K?F *8& \DJC
K#*/@%,0+$7 &0#+/@-""908. 2AGPCPCABCB +#02*-$8+ 6":<"48&1 *#$ 414*--/
<1$4&":$:3#*8$7 %0+, 48&$#-/08. +"=06C *8& 6*8 6*41$ -48.7 3-*&&$#
:46"1*- ,/<$#$:0* *8& *8& 1908 6*86$#1>
08;-*::*+0"87 01 6,*#*6+$#01+06 "; _$*2/ :$+*- +,*+ 01 <#$;$#$8+0*--/ 2AP^CE^
%,*+ ;48.*- 08;$6+0"8n +"=06 +" 90&8$/1C <#0:*#/ +*#.$+1 *#$
?8;$6+0"8 %0+, +,01 ;48.41 <#"&46$1 !#$0*")")),3 -48.1 *8& 3"8$1C *11"60*+$& %0+,
.#*84-":*1 08 0::48"6":<$+$8+ %&"<"#-(%3 ?+*0@?+*0 &01$*1$>
,"1+17 *8& 1"*<@3433-$ -$10"81 08 %JJE:A=C>GA@ ;O:>BE<;B
\DJ7 08 0::48"6":<#":01$& ,"1+1> N"1+ #$*&0-/ <#$2$8+*3-$ 6*41$ "; '^>MCGH
!48.41 %0+, 1$<+*+$ ,/<,*$7  =30&#4+66,3 &$*+, 08 ,4:*81>
3#*86,08. *+ *64+$ *8.-$1 AiRqB> H&&06+02$ 1431+*86$ 08 +"3*66" 0CJ>=CG;
D"8@1$<+*+$ ,/<,*$7 3#*86,08. *+ :,)"# 1:"9$>
#0.,+ *8.-$1> N"1+ 6"::"8-/ *341$& 1431+*86$>  "@J>?>@
!"*"'-#-2 3-')"')' E#.*81 1/1+$:1 :"1+ *;;$6+$& 08 20'5 /-# AGP @CX;<
\*41*+02$ *.$8+ "; :*-*#0*7 &0*.8"101 86(3-"/+,- *64+$ *-6","- 08+"=06*+0"8>
&$<$8&1 "8 &$:"81+#*+0"8 "; #?;<^A@ CG`E<C;B
*1$=4*- 1+*.$1 m?F_ ,$:"G"08 N"1+ 6"::"8 +,$#:*- 0854#/C :"1+ #?;<^A@ [E<GB
<0.:$8+> 6"::"8 6*41$1 *#$ ;0#$ *8& 16*-&08.>
\*41*+02$ *.$8+ "; 3*3$10"101C 5('&3+( \"::"8 6*41$1 "; &$*+, 08 34#8 '?>JM5 B;:BCB AGP
&0*.8"101 &$<$8&1 "8 &$:"81+#*+0"8 <*+0$8+1> <;B:C<A=><9
"; <*#*10+$1 08 <$#0<,$#*- 3-""& CGBEZZCJC;GJ9
m?F_EXF ,$:"G"087 %0+, +,$ N"1+ 6"::"8 ,/<$#+,$#:0* $;A= ;O?AEB=C>G
6,*#*6+$#01+06 N*-+$1$ 6#"11 <*++$#8> 1/8&#":$>
M+0"-".06 *.$8+ "; * <*#*10+06 &01$*1$ 2&+31-(%+( 30> )@;J=<CJA@ CG`E<9
+#*81:0++$& 3/ 1*8&;-0$1C ,*1 F%" ;"#:1 "; 0854#/ 6*41$& 3/ 2A<PCAJQG;E<>@>HCJ
64+*8$"41 *8& 2016$#*- ;"#:1C $-$6+#06*- 0854#/> KA<<?9=?^CAB AGP
<*#*10+$1 08 :*6#"<,*.$1 *#$ JA<PCAJ AGP
6,*#*6+$#01+06> <;B:C<A=><9 ZAC@E<;L5
M+0"-".06 *.$8+ "; * <*#*10+06 &01$*1$ ?#$0(%"3"-( '#,)&+ AGP [E<GB
+#*81:0++$& 3/ P)*//(0' 1<>
P)*//(0' 1<> AF1$@F1$ *APCA=C>G CG`E<9
;-/BC ,*1 ,$:"-/:<,*+06 *8& 6$#$3#*- \-0806*- 6"81$[4$86$1 "; 0"80G08. 2;@@ P;A=?5
<,*1$1C &0*.8"101 #$-0$1 "8 #*&0*+0"8> =;<A=>H;G;BCB5 AGP
&$:"81+#*+0"8 "; +#/<*8"1":$1 "8 JA<JCG>H;G;BCB
3-""& 1:$*#1> 0(#*-#-%0", 3-'%*3)*'
F#/<*8"1":$ #$-*+$& &01$*1$ 2?AHAB PCB;AB; !<>=;CG\;G;<H9 ^A@GE=<C=C>G
+#*81:0++$& 3/ K-('4*+' /&] @?#$0(%"3"-( )#,A+B )MN 6*41$& 3/ * &$6#$*1$ 08 3"+, DA<AB^EB
A#$&4200& 34.B7 <#0:*#0-/ *;;$6+1 <#"+$08 *8& 6*-"#0$ 08+*9$7 *8&
19$-$+*-7 1:""+,7 *8& 6*#&0*6 :416-$ %$0.,+ ;*--1 3$-"% TRk "; 8"#:*- ;"#
A,$*#+7 $1"<,*.41 *8& 6"-"8B> 1$=7 ,$0.,+ *8& *.$> J$#4: *-34:08
D"+$' _$-:08+,1 %0-- 3$ 6"2$#$& 08 N06#"30"-"./> 01 8"#:*- "# 1-0.,+-/ #$&46$&>
)MN7 %,06, "664#1 %,$8 <#"+$08 NFAB?C><M><
2$"!#)* S. )0a-*%0D)0#", "03 0(#*-#-%0", &$<#02*+0"8 01 #$-*+02$-/ .#$*+$# +,*8
!"#$%,%/1 #$&46+0"8 08 +"+*- 6*-"#0$1C
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* *11"60*+$& %0+, .$8$#*-0G$& $&$:*
)0a-*%0D)0#", !"#$%,%/1 A&4$ +" ,/<"*-34:08$:0*B7 ;-*9/
 "C< :>@@E=C>G <*08+ *<<$*#*86$ "; +,$ 19087
E#.*8 :"1+-/ *;;$6+$& 08 *0# *;B:C<A=><9 K@EGHBL *-+$#8*+08. 3*8&1 "; <*-$ *8& &*#9
<"--4+0"8> ,*0#7 $8-*#.$& ;*++/ -02$#7 *<*+,/7
J0G$ "; <*#+06-$1 08 1""+ +,*+ *#$ :"#$ ICG; >< E@=<AZCG; -01+-$118$11 *8& -"11 "; *<<$+0+$C
&$-$+$#0"41 +" ,$*-+,> :A<=CJ@;B KlTU m^L +,$#$ 01 *-1" :46"1*- *+#"<,/ *8&
J/1+$:06 *1<,/=0*8+C 0:<"#+*8+ 2% -"11 "; 20--0 08 +,$ 1:*-- 3"%$-
6*41$ "; *660&$8+*- *8& 14060&*- AN*908. +,$: -*6+"1$ 08+"-$#*8+
&$*+,C 8"8@0##0+*+08. 6"-"#-$11 *8& 080+0*--/B>
"&"#-$11 .*1C *-1" <#$1$8+ 08 J$-;@08&46$& 1+*#2*+0"87 #$14-+08. 08  "G><;OCA G;<X>BA
60.*#$++$ 1:"9$C 6-0806*--/ :*#9$& %$0.,+ -"11C ,*1 +,$ ,0.,$1+
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 6,$##/@#$& &$*+, #*+$ "; *8/ <1/6,0*+#06
&016"-"#*+0"8 "; 1908 *8& :46"41 &01"#&$#>
:$:3#*8$1> H 6"8&0+0"8 %,$#$08 * <*+0$8+ 308.$1 +E@C^CA
\E 1*+4#*+0"8 %,$#$ 1/1+$:06 ]U\VUi "8 ;""& *8& +,$8 08&46$1 2":0+08.C
,/<"=0* "664#1> :"#$ 6"::"8 +,*8 *8"#$=0*
\E 1*+4#*+0"8 %,$#$ 6":* *8& &$*+, WU\jUi 8$#2"1*>
"664#1> O$;060$86/ "; +,01 20+*:08 6*41$1 aC=A^CG "
$;AX9 ^;=A@ :>CB>GCGH 80.,+ 3-08&8$117 =$#"<,+,*-:0*7
N06#"6/+06 ,/<"6,#":06 *8$:0*7 ,;AP 9$#*+":*-*60*7 Y0+"+ 1<"+17 *8&
082"-2$:$8+ "; \DJ A:"#$ 6"::"8 $2$8+4*--/7 6"#8$*- 4-6$#*+0"8>
08 6,0-&#$8B7 *8& )DJ A:"#$ 6"::"8
08 *&4-+1B7 *8& 19$-$+*- 1/1+$: *#$
:*80;$1+*+0"81 "; <"01"808. %0+, +,01
,$*2/ :$+*->
)#0:*#/ +*#.$+1 "; :$#64#/ NCPG;9 AGP 20'
<"01"808.>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 9 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
\"8&0+0"8 08 6,0-&#$8 *1 #$14-+ "; *CJM;=B N*08 6":<"8$8+ "; <4-:"8*#/ 14#;*6+*8+C 3C:A@^C=>9@:?
20+*:08 O &$;060$86/ 6*4108. +,$ %,06, 01 0814;;060$8+ 08 ,/*-08$ :$:3#*8$ >B:?A=CP9@J?>
;"--"%08. 10.81 *8& 1/:<+":1' &01$*1$> @CG; K3!!2L
\#*80"+*3$1 A<*#0$+*- 3"8$1 3469-$ H 6":<-06*+0"8 "; ,/<$#"=06 +,$#*</ 08 *;=CG>:A=?9
08%*#& %0+, <#$114#$B7 ;#"8+*- <*+0$8+1 %0+, IOJ7 #$14-+08. 08 >Z
3"1108. "; +,$ ,$*&7 #*6,0+06 #"1*#/7 8$"2*164-*+0G*+0"8 "; #$+08*- 2$11$-17 :<;^A=E<C=9
<0.$"8 3#$*1+ &$;"#:0+/7 -4:3*# -$*&08. +" 3-08&8$11> K*%!LQ*;=<>@
-"#&"1017 *8& 3"% -$.1> ;G=A@
O$;060$8/ "; +,01 20+*:08 6*41$1 aC=A^CG 2 ZC[<>:@ABCA
0:<*0#$& 6"--*.$8 ;"#:*+0"87 -$*&08. H 6":<-06*+0"8 "; ,/<$#"=06 0854#/ 08 +<>GJ?>:E@^
+" .4: 3-$$&08.7 $*1/ 3#401*30-0+/7 <*+0$8+1 %0+, IOJ7 #$14-+08. 08 *-2$"-*# >GA<9
*8& 0:<*0#$& %"48& ,$*-08.> ,/<"<-*10* "# * &$6#$*1$ 08 +,$ 84:3$# "; P9B:@ABCA
O$;060$86/ "; +,01 20+*:08 -$*&1 +" aC=A^CG 3 :*+4#$ *-2$"-0C :"#<,"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 K+!3L
#069$+1 *8& "1+$":*-*60*> -*#.$7 10:<-0;0$& *-2$"-*# 1+#46+4#$17 *8& *
J/:<+":1 "; 6,$0-"1017 1+":*+0+017 aC=A^CG +] &/1:"#<,06 6*<0--*#/ 6"8;0.4#*+0"8>
.-"110+017 &$#:*+0+017 *8& 6"#8$*- P;ZCJC;GJ9 F,01 6"8&0+0"8 "664#1 :"#$ 6"::"8-/ 08 0;J<>=ChCGH
2*164-*#0G*+0"8 #$14-+1 ;#": 2$#/@-"%@30#+,@%$0.,+ 08;*8+17 *1 * #$14-+ "; ;G=;<>J>@C=CB
&$;060$86/ "; +,01 20+*:08> 08+$1+08*- 016,$:0*7 3*6+$#0*- 6"-"80G*+0"8 "; K0)2L
J/:<+":1 "; 6,$0-"1017 .-"110+017 aC=A^CG +W .4+ *8& ;"#:4-* :0-9 ;$$&08.C ,01+"-".06*--/7
&$#:*+0+017 *8& <$#0<,$#*- P;ZCJC;GJ9 +,$#$ 01 <#$1$86$ "; 143:46"1*- .*1
8$4#"<*+,/> 3433-$17 +#*81:4#*- 6"*.4-*+02$ 8$6#"1017
O$;060$86/ "; +,01 +#*6$ $-$:$8+ -$*&1 fCGJ 4-6$#*+0"87 *8& 3*6+$#0*- 6"-"80G*+0"8>
+" * 6"8&0+0"87 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ I$14-+1 ;#": *8+03"&/@08&46$& ,$:"-/+06 -^^EG;
<$#0"#0;060*- &01+#034+0"8 "; -$10"817 &01$*1$ 08 +,$ 8$%3"#8 +,*+ 01 6*41$& 3/ ?9P<>:B
6*--$& *6#"&$#:*+0+01 $8+$#"<*+,06*> 3-""& .#"4< 086":<*+030-0+/ 3$+%$$8
:"+,$# *8& ;$+417 -$*&08. +" $&$:* ;-40&
2$"!#)* R. 3-')"')' %I -0I"021 "03 2$-,3$%%3 *664:4-*+0"8C $=*:<-$1' 5!N
$=*:<-$1' 5!N '09 W7
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* (03*+&'4(;()(4= 
F,$1$ #$<#$1$8+ <#0:*#/ $##"#1 "; DA@Z><^A=C>G _/&#"<1 6*41$& 3/ 6*#&0"2*164-*# &$;$6+17 0>GC^^EG;
:"#<,".$8$101 &4$ +" *8 08+#08106*--/ B 6,#":"1":*- *8":*-0$17 *8& ;$+*- *8$:0*> ?9P<>:B
*38"#:*- &$2$-"<:$8+*- <#"6$11C $=*:<-$' ?8,$#0+$& &01"#&$# "; 0"8 +#*81<"#+ +,*+ 29B=CJ ZC[<>BCB
"*)=9'34=)=  *;;$6+1 ;-40& 1$6#$+0"8 08 $="6#08$ .-*8&1 K2IL
F,$1$ #$14-+ ;#": 1$6"8&*#/ &$1+#46+0"8 "; 3CB<E:=C>GB *8& 08 +,$ $<0+,$-0*- -0808. "; +,$
*8 "#.*8 "# 3"&/ #$.0"8 +,*+ %*1 <#$20"41-/ #$1<0#*+"#/7 .*1+#"08+$1+08*-7 *8&
8"#:*- 08 &$2$-"<:$8+7 &4$ +" *8 $=+#08106 #$<#"&46+02$ +#*6+1C :"1+ 6"::"8 -$+,*-
&01+4#3*86$ 08 :"#<,".$8$101C $=*:<-$' .$8$+06 &01$*1$ *;;$6+08. \*46*10*8
 5+0(*4(3 ;'09/ <"<4-*+0"81C 082"-2$& .$8$ 01 \!FI@S 08
F,$1$ *#$ &4$ +" .$8$#*-0G$& 6":<#$110"8 3;Z><^A=C>GB \,P[ZS>Q>
"; +,$ .#"%08. ;$+41 3/ *38"#:*- O$;08$& *1 +,$ 14&&$8 &$*+, "; *8 08;*8+ 'EPP;G CGZAG=
30":$6,*806*- ;"#6$1C $=*:<-$' O42-(02 48&$# S /$*# "; *.$ %,06, #$:*081 P;A=?
3*0/4-'(04  48$=<-*08$& *;+$# * +,"#"4., 082$1+0.*+0"8C B9GP<>^;
F,01 #$;$#1 +" :4-+0<-$ 6"8.$80+*- *8":*-0$1 ';YE;GJ; 6,*#*6+$#01+06 ;08&08.1 086-4&$' :4-+0<-$ K'-3'L
+,*+ #$14-+ ;#": 1$6"8&*#/ $;;$6+1 "; * 108.-$ <$+$6,0*$ "; +,$ +,/:417 2016$#*- *8&
-"6*-0G$& *3$##*+0"8 08 "#.*8".$8$101> F,$ <*#0$+*- <-$4#* *8& $<06*#&04:7 6"8.$1+$&
080+0*+08. $2$8+ :*/ 3$ * :*-;"#:*+0"87 -48.1 %0+, 2*164-*# $8."#.$:$8+ %0+, "#
&$;"#:*+0"8 "# &01#4<+0"8C $=*:<-$' %0+,"4+ <4-:"8*#/ $&$:*C +,$#$ 01 *-1"
N)(:*7=9-'+0(*/ I"*442-G /2\.2032 ,/<"<-*10* "; +,$ *#64*+$ 846-$41>
\":<-$+$ *31$86$ "; *8 "#.*8 "# 0+1 *8-*.$>  "H;G;BCB F4:"#1 *#0108. ;#": 8$4#*- 6#$1+ 6$--1C 0;E<>[@AB=>^
?86":<-$+$ &$2$-"<:$8+ "; *8 "#.*8>  ":@ABCA 6":<"1$& "; 1:*--7 <#0:0+02$@*<<$*#08. A K2@ABBCJA@@9
X8&$#&$2$-"<:$8+ "; *8 "#.*8> $9:>:@ABCA 6$--1 %0+, &*#9 846-$07 16*8+ 6/+"<-*1:7 *8& P;BJ<C[;P AB A
H31$86$ "; *8 "<$808.7 414*--/ "; * ,"--"%  "=<;BCA <""#-/ &$;08$& 6$-- 3"#&$#1 .#"%08. 08 1"-0& ^ABB J<>BBCGH
2016$#*- "#.*8> 1,$$+1 %0+,08 * ;08$-/ ;03#0--*# :*+#0= =?; ^CP@CG;5
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 8$"8*+*- :"#+*-0+/> 2>GH;GC=A@ A8$4#"<0-' $"108"<,0-06 ;03#0--*#/ :*+$#0*- XB_ 8C@^B
AG>^A@C;B +,*+ 6"##$1<"8&1 +" 8$4#0+06 <#"6$11$1 "; =E^>< =?A=
8$4#"3-*1+1BC *11"60*+$& %0+, _":$#@ P>;B G>= J<>BB
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 6"8.$80+*- (GMG>FG KcU\
m#0.,+ <1$4&"#"1$++$1> =?; ^CP@CG;L
:*-;"#:*+0"8 08 ,4:*81> WUiL
N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ +4:"# "; +,$ 90&8$/ 8C@^B =E^><
N"1+ 6"::"8 98"%8 6*41$ "; 6"8.$80+*- DE@=CZAJ=><CA@
08 6,0-&#$8C 1$6"8& :"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/
:*-;"#:*+0"81 08 ,4:*81> K]U\]diL
+4:"# "; +,$ 90&8$/ "2$#*-- A8$=+ +" I\\BC
N"1+ 6"::"8 .$8$+06 6*41$ "; 6"8.$80+*- 2?<>^>B>^A@
<#$1$8+1 .#"11-/ *1 * -*#.$7 1"-0+*#/7 %$--@
:*-;"#:*+0"81 08 ,4:*81> A[;<<A=C>GB
60#64:16#03$& :*11C :06#"16"<06*--/7 *
M-$:$8+1 "; +,$ FEI\_ 6":<-$=> ?"C"06(3-(5
?"C"06(3-( 5
6":308*+0"8 "; 3-*1+$:*-7 1+#":*- *8&
%=?;<B
$<0+,$-0*- 6$-- +/<$1 01 "31$#2$& AF#0<,*106
K?#&0"%&-(
6":308*+0"8BC 3-*1+$:*- 6":<"8$8+1 *#$
 0(66+/,-L5
 0(66+/,- L5
&$16#03$& *1 1,$$+1 "; 1:*-- 3-4$ 6$--1 %0+,
*E[;@@A5
;$% &01+086+02$ ;$*+4#$1C 1+#":*- 6$--1 *#$
29=>^;HA@>XC<
;03#"6/+06 "# :/="0& 08 8*+4#$C $<0+,$-0*-
EB5
6$--1 +*9$ +,$ ;"#: "; *3"#+02$ +434-$1 "#
$;<:;BXC<EB
.-":$#4-0>
J$6"8& :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 8$"8*+*- !<;^A=E<C=9
:"#+*-0+/>
_01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ $"108"<,0-06 *;B:C<A=><9
:$:3#*8$1 -08$ +,$ #$1<0#*+"#/ PCB=<;BB
3#"86,0"-$17 *-2$"-*# &46+1 *8& #*8&": B9GP<>^; >Z
*-2$"-07 %,06, 6"8+*08 8$6#"+06 $<0+,$-0*- =?; G;F[><G
6$--17 *&:0=$& %0+, $=+#*2*1*+$& <-*1:* K$9A@CG;
<#"+$081 AO0;;41$ *-2$"-*# &*:*.$B> ^;^[<AG;
PCB;AB;L

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 10 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
!"*# --. '1'#)D-2 !"#$%,%/1 ?86#$*1$& <#$114#$ "# 016,$:06  "G;E<9B^ Z><^A=C>G
2$"!#)* TU. +,%%3 a)''),' *+#"<,/ "; +,$ 48&$#-/08. :$&0*7
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* %0+, -"11 "; $-*1+06 +0114$7 -$*&08. +"
2>GH;GC=A@ AG>^A@C;B %$*98$11 "; +,$ 2$11$- %*-->
F,$1$ *#$ 1:*-- 1<,$#06*- 3;X;@>:^;G=A@Q[;<<9 \#0+06*- 1+$8"101 08 6"#"8*#/ jUi
&0-*+*+0"817 +/<06*--/ 08 +,$ 60#6-$ "; AG;E<9B^B *#+$#0$1
m0--01>  "G;E<9B^B AGP 3CBB;J=C>G
F,$1$ *#$ *38"#:*-7 +/<06*--/ 1:*--7  "<=;<C>X;G>EB ?+ 01 * -"6*-0G$& *38"#:*- &0-*+0"8 ";  "G;E<9B^
&0#$6+ 6"88$6+0"81 3$+%$$8 *#+$#0$1 ZCB=E@AB * 3-""& 2$11$- "# ,$*#+>
*8& 2$081 +,*+ 3/<*11 +,$ H8$4#/1: +,*+ 082"-2$1 *-- +,#$$ #<E; AG;E<9B^
08+$#2$808. 6*<0--*#0$1> -*/$#1 "; +,$ *#+$#0*- %*--7 "# +,$
!"6*-7 0##$.4-*# +,069$808. "; +,$ IC[<>^EBJE@A< *++$84*+$& %*-- "; +,$ ,$*#+>
%*--1 "; :$&04: *8& -*#.$ P9B:@ABCA H 3#$*6, 08 +,$ 2*164-*# %*-- IA@B; AG;E<9B^
:4164-*# *#+$#0$1C 1$.:$8+1 "; +,$ -$*&08. +" *8 $=+#*2*164-*#
2$11$- %*-- *#$ ;"6*--/ +,069$8$& 3/ ,$:*+":* +,*+ ;#$$-/
6":308*+0"8 "; 0##$.4-*# :$&0*- 6"::4806*+$1 %0+, +,$
*8& 08+0:*- ,/<$#<-*10* *8& 08+#*2*164-*# 1<*6$>
;03#"1017 6*4108. -4:08*- 1+$8"101> F%" :"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ 6*41$1 ";  "=?;<>BJ@;<>BCB K"""L
$9:;<=;GBC>G *"#+06 *8$4#/1:1> AGP ?9:;<=;GBC>G
\"8101+1 "; * ,":".$8"41 <089 $9A@CG; K"BJ;GPCGH A><=CJ
,/*-08$ +,069$808. "; +,$ %*--1 "; A<=;<C>@>BJ@;<>BCB AG;E<9B^L
*#+$#0"-$1 %0+, -"11 "; 48&$#-/08. F,01 &01$*1$ 6*8 :"#$ 6"::"8-/  "[P>^CGA@ A><=CJ
1+#46+4#*- &$+*0- *8& %0+, *;;$6+1 :$8 rcR /$*#1 "-&> U$10"8 AG;E<9B^ K"""L
8*##"%08. "; +,$ -4:$8C :*5"# 414*--/ <"10+0"8$& 3$-"% +,$ #$8*-
:"#<,"-".06 6,*#*6+$#01+06 08 *#+$#0$1 *8& *3"2$ +,$ *"#+06
3$80.8 8$<,#"16-$#"101> 30;4#6*+0"8C 6*8 3$ 1*664-*#
\,*#*6+$#01+06 "; :*-0.8*8+ $9:;<:@AB=CJ A&0-*+0"8 "; "8$ <"#+0"8B "# ;410;"#:
,/<$#+$810"87 *11"60*+$& %0+, A<=C;<C>@>BJ@;<>BCB A60#64:;$#$8+0*- &0-*+0"8B>
a"80"8@1908a 6"86$8+#067 -*:08*+$&7 J:*-- 3-""& 2$11$-1 *8& 2*1* '9:?C@C=CJ A><=C=CB
+,069$808. "; +,$ %*--1 "; *#+$#0"-$1 2*1"#4: 1,"% -4:08*- 8*##"%08.
%0+, -4:08*- 8*##"%08.C +,$1$ *8& "3-0+$#*+0"8 AE3-0+$#*+02$
-*:08*+0"81 6"8101+ "; 1:""+, $8&*#+$#0+01B 16*##08. "; +,$ 2$11$-
:416-$ 6$--1 *8& +,069$8$& %*-- *8& * &$81$ 14##"48&08. #0:
&4<-06*+$& 3*1$:$8+ :$:3#*8$C "; -/:<,"6/+$1 *8& <-*1:* 6$--1
*11"60*+$& %0+, 8$6#"+0G08. +,*+ :*/ $=+$8& 08+" +,$ :$&0*C
*#+$#0"-0+01> 6,*#*6+$#01+06 "; +,$ +$#+0*#/ 1+*.$
 "=?;<>BJ@;<>BCB "; J/<,0-01>
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 08+0:*- -$10"81  "=?;<>BJ@;<>BCB H#01$1 %,$8 3-""& $8+$#1 +,$ %*--  "<=;<CA@ PCBB;J=C>G
6*--$& *+,$#":*1 +,*+ <#"+#4&$ 08+" "; *8 *#+$#/7 *1 * ,$:*+":*
2*164-*# -4:08*> &011$6+08. 3$+%$$8 0+1 -*/$#1C ";+$87
\":<"1$& "; -0<0&@;0--$& IA==9 B=<;AMB 34+ 8"+ *-%*/1 *8$4#/1:*- 08
:*6#"<,*.$1 *8& 1:""+, :416-$ "#0.08>
6$--1 A;"*: 6$--1B 34+ *#$ 8"+ N"1+ ;#$[4$8+ <#$@$=01+08. 29B=CJ ^;PCA@
10.80;06*8+-/ #*01$& *8& +,41 &" 8"+ ,01+"-".06*--/ &$+$6+*3-$ -$10"8 08 P;H;G;<A=C>G
6*41$ *8/ &01+4#3*86$ 08 3-""& *"#+06 &011$6+0"8C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/
;-"%C 6*8 *<<$*# *1 $*#-/ *1 S /$*#7 $-*1+06 +0114$ ;#*.:$8+*+0"8 *8&
*8& <#$1$8+ 08 20#+4*--/ *-- 6,0-&#$8 1$<*#*+0"8 "; +,$ $-*1+06 *8&
"-&$# +,*8 SR /$*#1 "-&> 1:""+, :416-$ 6$-- $-$:$8+1 "; +,$
F,#$$ <#0860<*- 6":<"8$8+1 "; *8 T_ 2;@@B K'D J;@@B5 :$&0* 3/ 6/1+06 1<*6$1 ;0--$& %0+,
*+,$#":*+"41 <-*[4$> ^AJ<>:?AH;B5 # J;@@BL *:"#<,"41 <#"+$".-/6*8@#06,
]_ )O=<AJ;@@E@A< $=+#*6$--4-*# :*+#0=>
^A=<CO KJ>@@AH;G5 aABJE@C=CP;B
;@AB=CJ ZC[;<B5 ZoeN <#$1$8+1 %0+, 1$2$#$ /CAG= J;@@ A<=;<C=CB
:<>=;>H@9JAGBLb AGP ,$*&*6,$ *8& &0<-"<0* *11"60*+$& K,A<H; A<=;<C;BL
V_ -G=<AJ;@@E@A< AGP %0+, ;$2$# *8& ;*+0.4$> H#$* *-"8.
;O=<AJ;@@E@A< @C:CP +,$ 6"4#1$ "; +,$ 14<$#;060*-
N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ ";  "[P>^CGA@ A><=A +$:<"#*- *#+$#/ %*1 <*08;4- +"
*+,$#"16-$#"101> <*-<*+0"8> Y0"<1/ &"8$ #$2$*-$&
)-*[4$ +,*+ ,*1 * +,069 ;03#"41 6*<7 '=A[@; :@AYE; 08+0:*- +,069$808. "; +,$ *#+$#/7
:080:*- -0<0& 6"#$7 *8& :080:*- .#*84-":*+"41 08;-*::*+0"8 "; +,$
08;-*::*+0"8> 08+$#8*- $-*1+06 -*:08* %0+,
)-*[4$ +,*+ ,*1 * +,08 ;03#"41 6*<7 aE@G;<A[@; :@AYE; 08;0-+#*+$ "; F 6$--1 *8&
-*#.$ -0<0& 6"#$7 *8& .#$*+$# :*6#"<,*.$1> F,$ :"1+ -09$-/
08;-*::*+0"8> &0*.8"101 01'
IA=;B >Z AG A=?;<>^A=>EB :@AYE; )*+0$8+ 080+0*--/ <#$1$8+ %0+, #AMA9ABE A<=;<C=CB
F,$ -4:08*- 14#;*6$ $=<"1$1 +,$ *E:=E<;5 E@J;<A=C>G ;*+0.4$7 %$0.,+ -"11 *8& ;$2$# *8& K,A<H; A<=;<C;BL
3-""&1+#$*: +" ,0.,-/ >< ;<>BC>G +,$8 #$&46$& 3-""& <#$114#$ *8&
+,#":3".$806 1431+*86$1 *8& %$*9 <4-1$1 08 +,$ 6*#"+0&1 *8&
08&46$1 +,#":341 ;"#:*+0"8> 4<<$# $=+#$:0+0$17 "64-*#
I4<+4#$ "; +,$ "2$#-/08. ;03#"41 $;^><<?AH; &01+4#3*86$1 *8& 8$4#"-".06
6*< "# +,$ +,08@%*--$& 2$11$-1 08 +,$ &$;060+1> F,$ :"1+ -09$-/ &0*.8"101
*#$*1 "; 8$"2*164-*#0G*+0"87 #$14-+1 01'
08' D"+$' Y"+, 2*164-0+0&$1 *;;$6+ -*#.$ *#+$#0$1 *8& $=,030+
O016,*#.$ "; &$3#01 08+" +,$  "=?;<>;^[>@CB^ .#*84-":*+"41 +/<$ "; 08;-*::*+0"8> ?8 ;*6+7 +,$/ ,*2$ +,$
3-""&1+#$*:7 <#"&4608. 1*:$ ,01+"-".06 *<<$*#*86$> ?+ &$<$8&1 "8 +,$ 6-0806*- &*+* +"
:06#"$:3"-0 6":<"1$& "; <-*[4$ &0;;$#$8+0*+$ 3"+, &01$*1$1>
6"8+$8+1>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 11 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
F,01 &01$*1$ <#$1$8+1 %0+, #*<0&-/ !>@9A<=;<C=CB G>P>BA 3CB><P;<B >Z X;CGB AGP @9^:?A=CJB
*66$-$#*+08. ,/<$#+$810"87 K'^A@@ => ^;PCE^\ H38"#:*--/ &0-*+$&7 +"#+4"41 2$081 aA<CJ>B; X;CGB
*3&":08*- <*087 3-""&/ 1+""-7 BCh;P A<=;<C;BL <#"&46$& 3/ <#"-"8.$& 086#$*1$ 08
:/*-.0* *8& <$#0<,$#*- 8$4#0+01C 08+#*-4:08*- <#$114#$ *8& -"11 ";
,01+"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 1$.:$8+*- *;^;^[;<. !"0 JAG 2$11$- %*-- 14<<"#+C 2$081 1,"%
+#*81:4#*- 8$6#"+0G08. [; <;GA@ >< XCBJ;<A@5 %*-- +,08808. *+ +,$ <"08+1 ";
08;-*::*+0"8 +,*+ 1<*#$1 +,$ [E= G;X;< :E@^>GA<9 :*=0:*- &0-*+0"8 %0+, 1:""+,
<4-:"8*#/ 60#64-*+0"8 %0+, :416-$ ,/<$#+#"<,/ *8& 08+0:*-
$=+$8102$ ;03#08"0& 8$6#"101 *8& ;03#"101C ;"6*- +,#":3"101 *8&
+$:<"#*- ,$+$#".$8$0+/ "; -$10"81> 2$8"41 2*-2$ &$;"#:0+0$1 *#$
F,$ :"1+ -09$-/ &0*.8"101 01' 6"::"8C :"1+ 6"::"8 10+$1 *#$
ie! <#$1$8+$& %0+, ;$2$# *8& NAFABAMC PCB;AB; 14<$#;060*- 2$081 "; +,$ 4<<$# *8&
:*64-"<*<4-*# #*1, "8 ,$# +#489 KD;PCE^\BCh;PL -"%$# -$.>
*8& $=+#$:0+0$1> F,01 01 *11"60*+$& F,#$$ 10+$1 "; 2*#06$1 <#"&46$& 08 /)6 K)B>:?AH;A@
%0+, 6"85486+02*- $#/+,$:*7 $&$:* +,$ <#$1$86$ "; <"#+*- XA<CJ;BL5 *;J=E^
"; +,$ ,*8&1 *8& ;$$+7 *8& 6$#206*- ,/<$#+$810"8> K$;^><<?>CPBL5
-/:<, 8"&$ $8-*#.$:$8+C "8 !;<CE^[C@@CJA@ X;CGB
30"<1/7 +,$#$ 01 1$.:$8+*- K2A:E= ^;PEBA;L
+#*81:4#*- 8$6#"+0G08. X14*--/ *#01$1 08 +,$ 1$++08. "; 'E:;<C>< X;GA JAXA
08;-*::*+0"8 %0+, -$11 ;03#08"0& 3#"86,".$806 6*#608":*7 B9GP<>^;
8$6#"101> F,$ :"1+ -09$-/ &0*.8"101 :$&0*1+08*- -/:<,":*7 *8& "+,$#
01' JEU1 A*8$4#/1:1BC 414*--/ <#$1$8+1
D"+$' Y"+, 2*164-0+0&$1 +,*+ *;;$6+ :$&04:@10G$& *#+$#0$1 ,*2$ %0+, &0-*+0"8 "; +,$ 2$081 "; +,$
+,$ 1*:$ ,01+"-".06 *<<$*#*86$C "8-/ L*%*1*90 &01$*1$ ,*1 ,$*&7 8$697 *8& *#:1 %0+, 6/*8"101C
-$11 ;03#08"0& 8$6#"101> ?+ &$<$8&1 "8 +,$ 6-0806*- &*+* +" #$1<0#*+"#/ &01+#$11 "664#1 %0+,
&0;;$#$8+0*+$ 3"+, &01$*1$1> <4-:"8*#/ 2$11$- 082"-2$:$8+>
H 8$6#"+0G08. 2*164-0+01 +,*+ DCJ<>BJ>:CJ X14*--/ *#01$1 08 +,$ 1$++08. "; -GZ;<C>< X;GA JAXA
.$8$#*--/ *;;$6+1 6*<0--*#0$17 :>@9AGHCC=CB K'^A@@ +4:"#1 +,*+ 082*&$ ?b\ B9GP<>^;
*#+$#0"-$1 *8& 2$84-$17 %0+, ;$% "# A<=;<C;BL A,$<*+"6$--4-*# *8& #$8*-B7 *8&
8" 0::48$ &$<"10+1C 8$6#"+0G08. 2$8"41 +,#":3"101C 414*--/ <#$1$8+
.-":$#4-"8$<,#0+01 *8& <4-:"8*#/ D;^><9 P;XCJ;. !"0 %0+, U"%$# $=+#$:0+/ $&$:*7
6*<0--*#0+01 *#$ 6"::"8C *11"60*+$& CG B^A@@ A<=;<C;B =?A= 14<$#;060*- *3&":08*- 2$08
%0+, <@HD\H AN)E@HD\HBC *-1" A<; =;^:><A@@9 &01+$8+0"87 :*1102$ <#"+$084#0*
$=,030+1 -$49"6/+"6-*10* ?>^>H;G>EB K@;BC>GB %0+, #$8*- 2$08 082"-2$:$8+>
A;#*.:$8+$& )ND1 08 <"1+@6*<0--*#/ A<; >Z BA^; AH;L N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; /"+$'
2$84-$1BC +,41 *-1" +,$ +$#: -/:<,*8.0+01 A414*--/ %0+,
-$49"6/+"6-*1+06 *8.00+01> *66":<*8/08. -/:<,*&$80+01B>
M"108"<,0-@#06, *8& .#*84-":*+"41 2?E<H\'=<AEBB D"+$' b$8"41 +,#":3"101 &016411$& 08 _$:"&/8*:06
08;-*::*+0"8 082"-208. +,$ B9GP<>^; K'^A@@ O01"#&$#1>
#$1<0#*+"#/ +#*6+ *8& 8$6#"+0G08. A<=;<C;BL #E^><B
2*164-0+01 *;;$6+08. 1:*-- 2$11$-1C +;GCHG AGP =E^><\@CM; J>GPC=C>GB
11"60*+$& %0+, *1+,:* *8& 3-""& N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; 2*164-*# 0;XEB Z@A^^;EB
$"108"<,0-0*C *11"60*+$& %0+, <@ $6+*10*> K[C<=?^A<ML
HD\H AN)E@HD\HB> I*&0*-7 ";+$8 <4-1*+0-$ *##*/1 "; ':CP;< =;@AGHC;J=ABCA
\*41$1 8$6#"+0G08. .#*84-":*+"41 8;H;G;< &0-*+$& 14364+*8$"41 *#+$#0$1 *3"4+
2*164-0+01 %0+, ;03#"3-*1+06 H<AGE@>^A=>BCB * 6$8+#*- 6"#$ +,*+ 3-*86, %0+,
<#"-0;$#*+0"8C ?82"-2$1 1:*-- 2$11$-1 <#$114#$C *11"60*+$& %0+,
:"1+ 8"+*3-$ 08 +,$ 4<<$# *8& ,/<$#$1+#0801: A<#$.8*86/ *8&
-"%$# #C 6*8 6*41$ 6#$16$8+06 -02$# 60##,"101B>
.-":$#4-"8$<,#0+01C *11"60*+$& %0+, Ze! %0+, * -*#.$ a<"#+ %08$ 1+*08a  " K3CAHG>BCB CB
6@HD\H A)IZ@HD\HB> "8 +,$ #0.,+ 10&$ "; ,$# ;*6$ ,*1 '=E<H;\8;[;<
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 1,*#<-/ 1$.:$8+*- #?<>^[>AGHCC=CB "66*10"8*- 1$0G4#$1> !4#+,$# B9GP<>^; ><
*64+$ *8& 6,#"806 2*164-0+01 "; >[@C=;<AGB K+E;<H;< $=*:08*+0"8 1,"%$& :$8+*- ;GJ;:?A@>=<CH;^CGA@
:$&04: 10G$& *8& 1:*-- *#+$#0$17 PCB;AB;L &$2$-"<:$8+*- &$-*/> J,$ :*/ *-1" AGHC>^A=>BCBL
<#$&":08*8+-/ "; +,$ $=+#$:0+0$1C ,*2$'
+,$#$ 01 *64+$ *8& 6,#"806 0>=;. 3> G>= J>GZEB; H> N"#$ $=+$8102$ 2*164-*#
08;-*::*+0"8 *66":<*80$& 3/ FC=? +;<H;< PCB;AB; :*-;"#:*+0"81
-4:08*- +,#":3"1017 6"8+*0808. K-H" G;:?<>:A=?9L Y> N4-+0<-$ 6"-"806 <"-/<1
:06#"*316$11$1 6":<"1$& "; \> \"-"# 3-08&8$11
8$4+#"<,0-1 14##"48&$& 3/ O> H-<,* +,*-*11$:0*
.#*84-":*+"41 08;-*::*+0"8C H8 *4+"1":*- &":08*8+ &01"#&$# $;<;PC=A<9
1+#"8. #$-*+0"81,0< %0+, 60.*#$++$ 6*41$& 3/ :4+*+0"81 08 .$8$1 +,*+ ?;^><<?AHCJ
1:"908.> $86"&$ 6":<"8$8+1 "; FK!@s =;@;GHC;J=ABCAQ%B@;<\
3CB><P;<B >Z [@>>P X;BB;@ ?9:;<<;AJ=CXC=9 10.8*-08. <*+,%*/> )#$1$8+1 %0+, 8;[;<\*;GPE PCB;AB;
I$14-+1 ;#": *8 $=*..$#*+$& *A9GAEP +$-$8.0$6+*10* +,*+ *#$ %0&$-/
2*1"6"81+#06+0"8 "; &0.0+*- *#+$#0$1 !?;G>^;G>G &01+#034+$& "2$# +,$ 1908 *8& :4641
*8& *#+$#0"-$17 08&4608. <*#"=/1:*- :$:3#*8$1>
<*--"# "# 6/*8"101 "; +,$ &0.0+1 "; F,$1$ *#$ 3#0.,+ #$& +" 3-4$ -$10"817 2A:C@@A<9
+,$ ,*8&1 *8& ;$$+C 6*8 3$ <#0:*#/ +,*+ 2*#/ ;#": * ;$% :0--0:$+$#1 +" ?;^AGHC>^AB
"# 1$6"8&*#/> 1$2$#*- 6$8+0:$+$#1 08 &0*:$+$#C
X8$86*<14-*+$& *..#$.*+$1 ";
6-"1$-/ <*69$&7 +,08@%*--$&
6*<0--*#0$17 414*--/ 3-""&@;0--$& *8&
-08$& 3/ ;-*++$8$& $8&"+,$-04:C
2$11$-1 *#$ 1$<*#*+$& 3/ 16*8+
6"88$6+02$ +0114$ 1+#":*C 6*8 *-1"
3$ ;0--$& %0+, -/:<,
A-/:<,*8.0":*B
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 12 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
H<<$*#1 *1 #$&@3-4$7 1";+7 1<"8./ 2AX;<G>EB ?86":<-$+$ 6-"14#$ "; +,$ a;G=<CJE@A< B;:=A@
:*11$1 S@Q 6: 08 &0*:$+$#7 %,06, ?;^AGHC>^A 2$8+#064-*# 1$<+4: -$*&08. +" -$;+@ P;Z;J= Ka'3L
6*8 *;;$6+ -*#.$ 14364+*8$"41 *#$*1 +"@#0.,+ 1,48+08.C +,$ #0.,+
"; +,$ ;*6$7 $=+#$:0+0$17 *8& "+,$# 2$8+#06-$ 01 ,/<$#+#"<,0$& *8&
3"&/ #$.0"81C :*11 01 1,*#<-/ ";+$8 &0-*+$&C &0*:$+$# ";
&$;08$& 34+ 8"+ $86*<14-*+$&7 <4-:"8*#/ *#+$#/ 01 086#$*1$&
6":<"1$& "; -*#.$7 6*2$#8"417 3$6*41$ "; +,$ 086#$*1$& 2"-4:$ 3/
3-""&@;0--$& 1<*6$1C 6*8 *-1" 3$ +,$ #0.,+ 2$8+#06-$C :"1+ 6"::"8
;0--$& %0+, -/:<, A-/:<,*8.0":*B> 6"8.$80+*- ,$*#+ &01$*1$ "2$#*--C
+><P;<@CG; ^A@CHGAG= @;BC>GB :"1+ 6"::"8 +/<$ 01
\"::"8 08 <*+0$8+1 %0+, H?OJ7 NA:>BC BA<J>^A <$#0:$:3#*8"41 AjRkB>
6*41$& 3/ __b@o7 6*4108. 1908 D*+4#*- ,01+"#/ "; bJO1> '^A@@ P;Z;J=B EBEA@@9
-$10"81 +,*+ <#".#$11 ;#": <*+6,$17 J@>B; B:>G=AG;>EB@9
+" <-*[4$17 +" 8"&4-$1C +,$#$ *#$ KJ>^^>G. TB= ] 1%,Lb
414*--/ <-4:< 1<08&-$ 6$--1 %0+, aAB= ^A`><C=9 >Z
$=+#*2*1*+$& $#/+,#"6/+$1 *8& @;BC>GB =?A= J@>B; P>
,$:"10&$#08@-*&$8 :*.#"<,*.$1 08 B> [;Z><; AH; cb
+,$ -$10"81 ^>P;<A=; => @A<H;
DA@CHGAG= =E^><B a'3B A<; @;BB @CM;@9 =>
F,$1$ *#$ :*-0.8*8+ $8&"+,$-0*-  "GHC>BA<J>^A J@>B;
8$"<-*1:17 %0+, 2*#/08. ,01+"-"./ N*08 &$+$#:08*8+ "; 6-0806*- 'Ch; Kld^^. J@CGCJA@@9
;#": <-4:<7 *8*<-*1+06 34+ "4+6":$ 08 01"-*+$& bJO1> AB9^:=>^A=CJb
#$6".80G*3-$ $8&"+,$-0*- 6$--1 gTU^^. J@CGCJA@@9
<#"&4608. 2*164-*# 6,*88$-1 +" FC=? ZAC@E<; => =?<CX;
%0&$-/ 48&0;;$#$8+0*+$& +4:"#1 AGP <;:;A=;P
,*208. 1"-0&7 1<08&-$ 6$-- CGZ;J=C>GBL
*<<$*#*86$ *8& <#"&4608. ce% 08;*8+ <#$1$8+1 %0+, !A=;G= PEJ=EB
8"8&$;080+$ 3-""& 2$11$-1C +*6,/<8$*7 &0*<,"#$1017 *8& A<=;<C>BEB K!3"L
$8&"+,$-0*- 6$-- :*#9$#1 086-4&$ &0;;064-+/ ;$$&08.C * ,*#1,7
\OZS *8& 2m!> 6"8+084"41 :*6,08$#/@-09$ :4#:4#
%*1 8"+$& 4<"8 *4164-+*+0"8> F,$
2$"!#)* TT. #$) $)"*# :"1+ -09$-/ &0*.8"101 01'
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* F,$ #$*1"8 %,/ )OH 08 <#$+$#: !3" CG =;<^ @AJMB
$;A<= ZAC@E<; 08;*8+1 ,*1 * .#$*+$# 6,*86$ "; ^EJ>CP ;GP>=?;@CE^
F,$ -$;+ 2$8+#06-$ 01 ,/<$#+#"<,0$& ,;Z=\BCP;P ?;A<= 1<"8+*$8"41 6-"14#$ +,*8 08 +$#: AGP ^EBJE@A< ^;PCA
*8& &0-*+$&7 %0+, 1$6"8&*#/ -$;+ ZAC@E<; 08;*8+1>
*+#0*- &0-*+0"8C +,$ -48.1 *#$ ,$*2/ O#4. +,*+ 6*8 :*08+*08 <*+$86/ "; !/)]
*8& 3"../7 %0+, <$#02*164-*# *8& &46+41 *#+$#0"141C 20+*- 08 <*+0$8+1
08+$#1+0+0*- +#*814&*+$7 *-2$"-*# %0+, &46+@&$<$8&$8+ -$10"81>
1$<+*- $&$:*7 *8& 08+#*@*-2$"-*# 29AG>=CJ 2$3B
$&$:*C ,$:"10&$#08@-*&$8 F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; #;=<A@>H9 >Z IA@@>=
:*6#"<,*.$1 A,$*#+ ;*0-4#$ 6$--1B 6/*8"+06 6"8.$80+*- ,$*#+ &01$*1$> K#%IL
*#$ <#$1$8+C :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; _$*#+ 01 -*#.$ *8& a3""+@1,*<$&a *1
#0.,+@10&$& ,$*#+ ;*0-4#$> * #$14-+ "; #0.,+ 2$8+#064-*#
?1"-*+$& #0.,+@10&$& _! "664##08. 08 2>< !E@^>GA@; ,/<$#+#"<,/C 6":<"8$8+1 *#$' )J7
<*+0$8+1 %0+, 08+#08106 -48. &01$*1$ Ib_7 bJOC *8& *"#+* "2$##0&08. +,$
+,*+ #$14-+ 08 6,#"806 <4-:"8*#/ bJO>
,/<$#+$810"8> N*08 &$+$#:08*8+ "; 6-0806*- 3;H<;; >Z !'
U"8. 1+*8&08. 1$2$#$ #0.,+@10&$& 2A<PCAJ JC<<?>BCB "4+6":$ 08 FE! <*+0$8+1>
_! -$*&1 +" ;03#"101 "; 6$8+#0-"34-*# ?+ 01 * &016"#&*8+ 6"88$6+0"8 "; +,$ #<AGB:>BC=C>G >Z =?;
*#$*17 6#$*+08. +,01 6"8&0+0"8> 2$8+#06-$1 +" +,$0# 2*164-*# "4+;-"%C /<;A= "<=;<C;B K#/"L
2>GH;GC=A@ ?;A<= PCB;AB;B &$;$6+ 01 *8 *38"#:*- ;"#:*+0"8 ";
N"1+ \_O1 *#01$ 08 +,01 <$#0"&> V\S F;;MB "%/ +,$ +#486*- *8& *"#+"<4-:"8*#/
N"1+ 6"::"8 .$8$+06 6*41$ "; #<CB>^9 ]T 1$<+*C 6"::"8 08 08;*8+1 ";
\_O1> &0*3$+06 :"+,$#1 *8& 08 :*-$1C
 "J9AG>=CJ 2$3B #*&0".#*<,06*--/7 a$.. "8 +,$ 10&$a
\"::"8 #*&0".#*<,06 ;$*+4#$ "; -GJ<;AB;P :E@^>GA<9 *<<$*#*86$
*6/*8"+06 \_O1> [@>>P Z@>F H31$86$ "; &0#$6+ 6"88$6+0"8 #<CJEB:CP A=<;BCA
!$*+4#$ +,*+ %0-- &01+08.401, )OH !<>^CG;G= A><=CJ 3$+%$$8 IH *8& Ib7 &4$ +" 48$[4*-
;#": bJO #*&0".#*<,06*--/> MG>[ K[;JAEB; [>=? &02010"8 "; +,$ Hb 6*8*->
B?>F ,a$Q+a$L %[B=<EJ=CX; @;BC>GB
\,*:3$# +,*+ $8-*#.$1 08 HJO> *CH?= X;G=<CJ@; \,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 60#64:;$#$8+0*- !<;PEJ=A@ nCGZAG=C@;n
J:""+,@%*--$& &$;$6+ 8$*# +,$ %B=CE^ B;JEGPE^ 8*##"%08. "; +,$ *"#+06 1$.:$8+ 2>A<J=A=C>G >Z =?;
;"#*:$8 "2*-$7 414*--/ %0+,"4+ A=<CA@ B;:=A@ P;Z;J= 3$+%$$8 +,$ -$;+ 1436-*20*8 *#+$#/ A><=A
*11"60*+$& 6*#&0*6 *38"#:*-0+0$1C *8& +,$ &46+41 *#+$#0"141C OH 01
6":<#01$1 jRk "; HJO1C #$.*#&-$11 414*--/ <*+$8+ *8& 01 +,$ :*08
"; +/<$7 :"1+ 6"::"8 6"8.$80+*- 1"4#6$ "; 3-""& +" +,$ &01+*- *"#+*C
,$*#+ &01$*1$ 08 *&4-+1> Ib 01 ,/<$#+#"<,0$& *8& &0-*+$&C
D*+4#*- ,01+"#/ "; HJO1> ':>G=AG;>EB J@>BE<; <4-:"8*#/ +#489 01 *-1" &0-*+$&C
Z>< B^A@@ => 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 *1 -"%$#
^>P;<A=;\BCh;P "'3B $=+#$:0+/ 6/*8"101>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 13 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
H"#+* 01 1,*#<-/ 6"81+#06+$& 3/ * !>B=PEJ=A@ nAPE@=n \*41$ "; *64+$ NI <"1+ N?> !A:C@@A<9 ^EBJ@;
#0&.$ "; +0114$ *+ "# 541+ &01+*- +" +,$ 2>A<J=A=C>G >Z =?; P9BZEGJ=C>G K^><;
8"8<*+$8+ -0.*:$8+4: *#+$#0"14:C A><=A J>^^>GLb :A:C@@A<9
6"81+#06+$& 1$.:$8+ 01 :*&$ "; ^EBJ@; <E:=E<;
1:""+, :416-$ *8& $-*1+06 ;03$#1 F,01 #$;$#1 +" <#".#$1102$ 6*#&0*6 2?<>GCJ CBJ?;^CJ
+,*+ *#$ 6"8+084"41 %0+, +,$ *"#+06 &$6":<$81*+0"8 A,$*#+ ;*0-4#$B ?;A<= PCB;AB;
:$&0*7 *8& -08$& 3/ +,069$8$& ;"--"%08. :/"6*#&0*- 08;*6+0"8>
08+0:*C OH 01 6-"1$&C <#"=0:*--/7 +,$ F/<06*- :"#<,"-"./ "; 6,#"806 ?_O> ,;Z= X;G=<CJE@A<
*"#+06 *#6, *8& 0+1 2$11$-1 *#$ PC@A=C>G AGP
&0-*+$&C Ub 01 ,/<$#+#"<,06C +,$#$ 01 ?9:;<=<>:?9 K/<>BBL
4<<$# $=+#$:0+/ ,/<$#+$810"87 &4$ D9>JA<PCA@
+" <""# <$#;410"8 "; +,$ 90&8$/17 ?9:;<=<>:?95 PCZZEB;
34+ %$*9 <4-1$1 *8& -"% 3-""& BE[;GP>JA<PCA@
<#$114#$ 08 +,$ -"%$# $=+#$:0+0$1C XAJE>@ChA=C>G AGP
6-*4&06*+0"8 *8& 6"-&8$11 "; +,$ ZC[<>BCB KDCJ<>BJ>:CJL
-"%$# $=+#$:0+0$1 *-1" <#$1$8+C F,01 6*8 #$14-+ ;#": * -$+,*- 'EPP;G JA<PCAJ P;A=?
$8-*#.$& 08+$#6"1+*- *8& 08+$#8*- *##,/+,:0* ;"--"%08. :/"6*#&0*- K'23L
:*::*#/ *#+$#0$1 &4$ +" 6"--*+$#*- 016,$:0*C :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ 01
60#64-*+0"87 1$$8 *1 #03 a8"+6,08.a \HO AoRkBC :"1+ 6"::"8
"8 f@#*/> :$6,*801: 01 * -$+,*- *##,/+,:0*
-BJ?;^CJ ?;A<= PCB;AB; A*1/1+"-$ "# 2$8+#064-*# ;03#0--*+0"8B>
H 6"8&0+0"8 %,$#$08 016,$:0*  "GHCGA :;J=><CB $9:;<=;GBCX; ?;A<= PCB;AB;
6*41$1 <*08 34+ 01 0814;;060$8+ +" F/<06*- :"#<,"-"./ "; 1/1+$:06 ,;Z= X;G=<CJE@A<
-$*& +" &$*+, "; :/"6*#&04:C 6*8 ,/<$#+$8102$ ,$*#+ &01$*1$> ?9:;<=<>:?9
3$ 1+*3-$ A1$6"8&*#/ +" 086#$*1$& M*#-0$1+ 6,*8.$ 1$$8 08 -$;+@10&$& -GJ<;AB;P =<AGBX;<B;
&$:*8&B7 481+*3-$ A6#$16$8&"C __O> PCA^;=;< >Z ^9>J9=;B
1$6"8&*#/ +" &$6#$*1$& 14<<-/B7 "# F/<06*- :"#<,"-"./ "; *64+$ 6"# *CH?= X;G=<CJE@A<
)#08G:$+*- A1$6"8&*#/ +" 6"#"8*#/ <4-:"8*-$ A<4-:"8*#/ PC@A=C>G
2*1"1<*1:B> ,/<$#+$8102$ ,$*#+ &01$*1$B>
H 6"8&0+0"8 %,$#$08 +,$ 1$2$#0+/ "#  "JE=; ^9>JA<PCA@ F/<06*- :"#<,"-"./ "; 6,#"806 6"# *CH?= X;G=<CJE@A<
&4#*+0"8 "; 016,$:0* 01 $8"4., +" CGZA<J=C>G K"D-L <4-:"8*-$ A<4-:"8*#/ KAGP >Z=;G <CH?=
6*41$ 6*#&0*6 :416-$ &$*+,> ,/<$#+$8102$ ,$*#+ &01$*1$B> A=<CA@L ?9:;<=<>:?9
)*++$#8 "; 08;*#6+0"8 6*41$& 3/ #<AGB^E<A@ aA@XE@A< ?;A<= PCB;AB;
"66-410"8 "; *8 $<06*#&0*- 2$11$-7 CGZA<J=C>GB F,$ ,*--:*#9 "; +,01 &01$*1$ 01 2A@JCZCJ A><=CJ
+,#"4., * 6":308*+0"8 "; 6,#"806 ,$*<$&@4< 6*-60;0$& :*11$1 "8 +,$ P;H;G;<A=C>GQJA@JCZCJ
*+,$#"16-$#"101 *8& *64+$ "4+;-"% 10&$ "; +,$ 641<17 %,06, A><=CJ B=;G>BCB K^>B=
+,#":3"101C *-1" #$;$##$& +" *1 <#"+#4&$ 08+" +,$ 10841$1 "; J>^^>G a$3L
JFMN? "# t %*2$ N?C 08;*#6+ b*-1*-2* *8& :$6,*806*--/ 0:<$&$
082"-208. gcRk "; +,$ :/"6*#&0*- 2*-2$ "<$808.C 641<1 :*/ 3$6":$
%*-- +,0698$11> 1$6"8&*#0-/ ;03#"1$& *8& +,069$8$&C
)*++$#8 "; 08;*#6+0"8 6*41$& 3/ 'E[;GP>JA<PCA@ :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; *"#+06
<-*[4$ &01#4<+0"8 "# ,/<"+$810"8 CGZA<J=C>G 1+$8"101>
-$*&08. +" +#*810$8+ &$6#$*1$1 08 F,01 01 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 3*--""808. D9O>^A=>EB
"=/.$8 &$-02$#/7 6*4108. "# ,""&08. "; +,$ :0+#*- -$*;-$+1C P;H;G;<A=C>G >Z =?;
60#64:;$#$8+0*- :/"6*#&0*- *;;$6+$& -$*;-$+1 *#$ $8-*#.$&7 ^C=<A@ XA@X;
&*:*.$C *-1" #$;$##$& +" *1 DJFMN? #$&48&*8+7 +,069 *8& #433$#/C +,$
"# 8"8@t %*2$ N?> +$8&08"41 6"#&1 *#$ $-"8.*+$&7
_$*#+ &":08*86$ 01 &$+$#:08$& 3/' a;BB;@ =?A= HCX;B <CB; +,088$& *8& "66*10"8*--/ #4<+4#$&C
=> =?; :>B=;<C>< -a ,01+"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 +,08808. ";
KP;BJ;GPCGHL [<AGJ?b +,$ ;03#"1* -*/$# "; +,$ 2*-2$7
;C=?;< *2" K<CH?= *66":<*80$& 3/ $=<*810"8 "; +,$
P>^CGAG=L >< ,24 :0&&-$ 1<"8.0"1* -*/$# %0+,
K@;Z= P>^CGAG=Lb ^>B= 086#$*1$& &$<"10+0"8 "; :46"0&
J>^^>G. *2" KRUiL :*+$#0*-C 414*- ;08&08. 08 Nb)>
N"1+ 6"::"8 2$11$- 082"-2$& 08 ,;Z= AG=;<C>< *?;E^A=CJ Z;X;< AGP *?;E^A=CJ ?;A<= PCB;AB;
HN?' P;BJ;GPCGH A<=;<9 I*+0"8*-$ 3$,08& *4+"0::480+/ 08 D>@;JE@A< ^C^CJ<9
K,"3L KcU\dUiL #,$4:*+06 ;$2$#> K'=<;:=>J>JJA@ D
D"+$' F*3-$ SR@Z 08 I"33081 Y*106 )*+,"-"./7 j+, $&> <> ZoR "# :<>=;CGB AGP JA<PCAJ
F*3-$ SQ@c 08 I"33081 *8& \"+#*8 )*+,"-".06 Y*101 "; O01$*1$7 B;@Z\AG=CH;GBL
o+, $&> <> ccR7 "# F*3-$ SQ@c 08 I"33081 *8& \"+#*8 )*+,"-".06 K$-- *8& \"":31 6-*110;06*+0"8 "; #9:; --
Y*101 "; O01$*1$7 j+, $&> <> cii7 01 * ,0.,@/0$-& +*3-$> N*9$ 14#$ HI!>
/"4 98"% +,01 3/ ,$*#+> I$[40#$& 6#0+$#0* 08 &0*.8"108. )XCP;GJ; >Z :<;XC>EB
J+*08 41$& ;"# 08;*#6+1 :"#$ uQ@Z #<C:?;G9@=;=<Ah>@CE^ #,$4:*+06 ;$2$#> /"+$' CGZ;J=C>G K"'%
,"4#1 "-& ;"# 2014*-0G*+0"8> J?@><CP; CG :?A<9GHC=CB5 AGP
N"1+ 1$810+02$ *8& 1<$60;06 6*#&0*6 2A<PCAJ =<>:>GCGB AG=C 30"B; + CG
30":*#9$#1' K#<>:>GCG - AGP #L :9>P;<^AL
?854#/ +" 08;*#6+1 :$&0*+$& 08 <*#+ *;:;<ZEBC>G CG`E<9 v"8$1 :*5"# 6#0+$#0* 08 &0*.8"108. 2A<PC=CB
3/ "=/.$8 ;#$$ #*&06*-1 .$8$#*+$& #,$4:*+06 ;$2$#> DCH<A=><9
3/ 086#$*1$& 84:3$# "; 08;0-+#*+08. :>@9A<=?<C=CB
-$49"6/+$1 ;*60-0+*+$& 3/ 'E[JE=AG;>EB
#$<$#;410"8C \L@NY 01 414*--/ 41$& G>PE@;B
*1 6*#&0*6 30":*#9$# ;"# &0*.8"101> )<9=?;^A
2>GB;YE;GJ; >Z D- ^A<HCGA=E^
N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; :/"6*#&0*- a;G=<CJE@A< Z<;; FA@@ '9GP;G?A^ J?><;A
#4<+4#$> KJ@CGCJA@@95 JA<PCAJ
=A^:>GAP;L
!03#08"41 <$#06*#&0+01 <"1+@N?> 3<;BB@;< B9GP<>^;

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 14 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
v"8$1 :08"# 6#0+$#0* 08 &0*.8"108. I;X;< 2A<PC>^9>:A=?C;B
#,$4:*+06 ;$2$#>  "<=?<A@HCA \*#&0":/"<*+,/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 3C@A=;P
)@;XA=;P AJE=; :?AB; <#".#$1102$ 6*#&0*6 &0-*+0"8 *8& JA<PC>^9>:A=?9
<;AJ=AG=B K;_H_ 2*!L 1/1+"-06 &/1;486+0"8C ,$*#+ 01
)*+,".8":"806 10.8 ;"# #,$4:*+06  "BJ?>ZZ [>PC;B 6,*#*6+$#01+06*--/ $8-*#.$& *8&
;$2$#C :/"6*#&0*- 08;-*::*+"#/ ;-*33/7 %0+, &0-*+0"8 "; *--
-$10"81 6":<"1$& "; <-4:< 6,*:3$#1C +,$ 2$8+#064-*# +,0698$11
*6+02*+$& :*6#"<,*.$1 :*/ 3$ -$11 +,*87 $[4*- +" "#
AH80+16,9"% 6$--1B7 <-*1:* 6$--17 .#$*+$# +,*8 8"#:*-C 6,*#*6+$#0G$&
*8& -/:<,"6/+$1C 6*8 3$ 1$$8 08 *-- 3/ 1/1+"-06 &/1;486+0"8C 0:<-06*+$&
+,#$$ -*/$#1 "; +,$ ,$*#+ 08 HI! *.$8+1 *8& &01$*1$1 086-4&$'
A<*86*#&0+01BC #*#$-/ 1$$8 08 6,#"806 *-6","-7 :/"6*#&0+017 &"="#4306087
I_O A&4$ +" #$<-*6$:$8+ 3/ ;03#"41 *8& ,$:"6,#":*+"101>
+0114$B> N"1+ 6"::"8 :4+*+$& .$8$ 08 #C=CG K]UiL
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ "#.*80G*+0"8 *8& 2?<>GCJ *?;E^A=CJ 6*1$1 "; O\N>
1431$[4$8+ 16*##08.7 *1 * 1$[4$-*$ $;A<= 3CB;AB; F/<$ "; O\N 1$6"8&*#/ +" *8  "<<?9=?^>H;GCJ <CH?=
"; #,$4:*+06 ;$2$#C :0+#*- 2*-2$ *4+"1":*- &":08*8+ .$8$+06 &$;$6+ X;G=<CJE@A<
:"1+ 6"::"8-/ 082"-2$& %0+, "8 &$1:"1":$1 +,*+ #$14-+ 08 #0.,+ JA<PC>^9>:A=?9
-$*;-$+ +,069$808.7 6"::0114#*- 2$8+#064-*# ;*0-4#$ %0+, *##,/+,:0* K"*a2L
;0110"8 *8& 1,"#+$808.7 +,069$808. *8& 14&&$8 &$*+,>
*8& ;410"8 "; +,$ 6,"#&*$ +$8&08*$C \,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ :/"6*#&0*- $9:;<=<>:?CJ
;03#"41 3#0&.08. *6#"11 2*-24-*# ,/<$#+#"<,/7 *38"#:*- &0*1+"-06 JA<PC>^9>:A=?9
6"::0114#$1 6#$*+$ a;01, :"4+,a "# ;0--08. *8& 2$8+#064-*# "4+;-"%
a 34++"8,"-$a &$;"#:0+/ "31+#46+0"8C +,$ ,$*#+ 01 +,069@
J$#0"41 08;$6+0"8 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ -GZ;J=CX; ;GP>JA<PC=CB %*--$&7 ,$*2/ *8&
:06#"30*- 082*10"8 "; ,$*#+ 2*-2$1 K-)L ,/<$#6"8+#*6+08.C +,$#$ 01 *8
"# :4#*- $8&"6*#&04:7 ";+$8 %0+, *1/::$+#06*- 1$<+*- ,/<$#+#"<,/
&$1+#46+0"8 "; +,$ 48&$#-/08. &$16#03$& *1 a3*8*8*@-09$aC
6*#&0*6 +0114$1C +,$ ,$*#+ 2*-2$1 *#$ ,01+"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 1$2$#$
082*&$& 3/ ;#0*3-$7 34-9/ *8& :/"6/+$ ,/<$#+#"<,/ *8& &01*##*/
<"+$8+0*--/ &$1+#46+02$ -$10"81 %0+, 08+$#1+0+0*- ;03#"101C * 6"::"8
6*--$& 2$.$+*+0"81 +,*+ *#$ 414*--/ 6*41$ "; 14&&$8 &$*+, 08 /"48.
08 +,$ ;"#: "; -*#.$7 0##$.4-*# *+,-$+$1>
:*11$1 "8 +,$ 2*-2$ 641<1 +,*+ :*/ N"1+ 6"::"8 :4+*+$& .$8$ 08 e\^9>BCG ?;AX9 J?ACG
$=+$8& 08+" 6,"#&*$> 6*1$1 "; _\N>
M8&"6*#&0+01 "; <#$20"41-/ 8"#:*-  "JE=; [AJ=;<CA@ F,$ 2$8+#06-$1 *#$ "; *<<#"=0:*+$-/ *;B=<CJ=CX;
2*-2$17 +,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41*+02$ ;GP>JA<PC=CB 8"#:*- 10G$ "# 1-0.,+-/ $8-*#.$&7 +,$ JA<PC>^9>:A=?9
*.$8+ 01 >] '.-2./>
'.-2./ > 6*20+0$1 8"+ &0-*+$&7 *8& +,$
M8&"6*#&0+01 *;;$6+08. <#$20"41-/ 'E[AJE=; [AJ=;<CA@ :/"6*#&04: 01 ;0#:C 30*+#0*-
&*:*.$& "# *38"#:*- 2*-2$17 ;GP>JA<PC=CB &0-*+0"8 01 6"::"8C
6"::"8-/ 6*41$& 3/ 20#0&*81 :06#"16"<06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 08+$#1+0+0*-
1+#$<+"6"660> ;03#"1017 2*#/08. ;#": :080:*- +"
\-0806*- 6#0+$#0* 41$& 08 &0*.8"108. 3EM; J<C=;<CA <*+6,/ +" $=+$8102$ *8& &0;;41$C
08;$6+02$ $8&"6*#&0+01> 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &0*1+"-06
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &$<"10+0"8 "; 0>G[AJ=;<CA@ &/1;486+0"8>
1+$#0-$7 8"8@08;-*::*+"#/7 =?<>^[>=CJ D9>JA<PC=CB
8"8&$1+#46+02$ *8& 1:*-- AS::B ;GP>JA<PC=CB K0+#)L N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; :/"6*#&0+01> aC<A@ K2>OBAJMC; "5 +5
:*11$1 "; ;03#087 <-*+$-$+1 *8& "+,$# ;G=;<>XC<EB;BL
3-""& 6":<"8$8+1 "8 6*#&0*6 )*#*10+06 $+0"-".0$1 "; :/"6*#&0+01> ?> )#,A+  K2?AHAB
 K2?AHAB
2*-2$17 *-"8. +,$ -08$ "; 6-"14#$ "; PCB;AB;L5 ?#+)1+%&66(
-$*;-$+1 "# 641<1>  30+#(6+3 K^>B=
 30+#(6+3 K^>B=
J+$#0-$ 2$.$+*+0"81 +,*+ 6*8 &$2$-"< ,C[^AG\'AJMB J>^^>G ?;@^CG=?CJL
"8 +,$ 2*-2$1 "; <*+0$8+1 %0+, JUMC ;GP>JA<PC=CB K,')L ?::48$ 6*41$1 "; :/"6*#&0+01> $9:;<B;GBC=CXC=95
1:*--7 .#*84-*#7 <08901, 2$.$+*+0"81 HCAG=\J;@@ ^9>JA<PC=CB
S@i:: 08 &0*:$+$# *8& 6*8 3$ !;<CJA<PCA@ PCB;AB;B
-"6*+$& "8 +,$ 48&$#14#;*6$ "; Hb F/<$ "; <$#06*#&0+01 ;"48& 08 IC[<CG>EB :;<CJA<PC=CB
2*-2$17 "8 +,$ 6"#&1 "# <*+0$8+1 %0+, 4#$:0* "# 20#*-
$8&"6*#&04:> 08;$6+0"8C +,$ $=4&*+$ 0:<*#+1 *8
F,$ -$10"81 "; +,01 &01$*1$ *#$ 2A<JCG>CP ?;A<= 0##$.4-*# *<<$*#*86$ +" +,$
&01+086+02$7 .-01+$808. %,0+$ 08+0:*- PCB;AB; <$#06*#&0*- 14#;*6$ A3#$*& *8&
+,069$808.1 "8 +,$ $8&"6*#&0*- 34++$# <$#06*#&0+01B>
14#;*6$1 "; +,$ 6*#&0*6 6,*:3$#1 Y*6+$#0*- <$#06*#&0+01 :*80;$1+1 IC[<CG>:E<E@;G=
*8& 2*-2$ -$*;-$+1C -$10"81 *#$ %0+, +,01 +/<$ "; $=4&*+$> :;<CJA<PC=CB
6":<"1$& "; 1:""+, :416-$ 6$--1 _$*#+ 01 6":<-$+$-/ $86*1$& 3/ 2>GB=<CJ=CX;
*8& 1<*#1$ 6"--*.$8 ;03$#1 &$81$ ;03#"101 +,*+ 0+ 6*88"+ $=<*8& :;<CJA<PC=CB
$:3$&&$& 08 *8 *60& 8"#:*--/ &4#08. &0*1+"-$C 1$[4$-* ";
:46"<"-/1*66,*#0&$@#06, :*+#0=C 6,#"806 <$#06*#&0+01>
414*--/ #0.,+@10&$& A6*4108. H38"#:*- ;-40& *664:4-*+0"8 08 +,$ !;<CJA<PCA@ ;ZZEBC>G
+#0641<0& 0814;;060$86/ *8& <$#06*#&0*- 1*6C 6*8 3$ 1$#"41 A;#":
<4-:"806 1+$8"101B> \_! "# ,/<"*-34:08$:0*BC
1$#"1*8.408"41 A;#": 3-48+ 6,$1+
+#*4:*7 :*-0.8*86/7 #4<+4#$& N?7
"# *"#+06 &011$6+0"8B7 "# 6,/-"41
A;#": :$&0*1+08*- -/:<, 8"&$
"31+#46+0"8B>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 15 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
#E^><B \-0806*- &0;;$#$86$1 3$+%$$8 Y@ *8& F@6$-- +\J;@@ ",,
N"1+ 6"::"8 +4:"# "; +,$ ,$*#+> D;=AB=A=CJ =E^>< HUU> =9:CJA@@9 >JJE<B
N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ +4:"# "; +,$ D9O>^A CG 9>EGH;<
*&4-+ ,$*#+C :*5"# 6-0806*- J?C@P<;G
:*80;$1+*+0"81 "; +,01 6*#&0*6 :<;B;G=CGH FC=?
+4:"# *#$ &4$ +" 2*-24-*# a3*--@ +D ZAC@E<;
2*-2$a "31+#46+0"87 $:3"-0G*+0"8 "# #\J;@@ ",,
* 1/8&#":$ "; 6"81+0+4+0"8*- =9:CJA@@9 >JJE<B
1/:<+":1> CG AP>@;BJ;G=
F,$ :"1+ ;#$[4$8+ <#0:*#/ +4:"# *?A[P>^9>^A ^A@;B
"; +,$ ,$*#+ 08 08;*8+1 *8& 6,0-&#$8C :<;B;G=CGH FC=?
.$8$#*--/ 1:*-- .#*/@%,0+$ =?9^CJ ^ABB;B
:/"6*#&0*- :*11$1 6":<"1$& "; * K""& <#".8"1+06 ;*6+"#1 08 HUU> 2?C@P<;G ]\TU
:0=$& <"<4-*+0"8 "; 6$--17 +,$ :"1+ 9;A<B >@Pb
6,*#*6+$#01+06 "; %,06, *#$ -*#.$7 =KT]b]TL AGP
#"48&$& "# <"-/."8*- 6$--1 ?9:;<PC:@>CP9
6"8+*0808. 84:$#"41 .-/6".$8@ )""# <#".8"1+06 ;*6+"#1 08 HUU> DA@; H;GP;<b
-*&$8 2*64"-$1 1$<*#*+$& 3/ AF,$ .$8$+06 *38"#:*-0+0$1 *#$ 1$$8 08 AH; 9>EGH;<
1+#*8&1 "; 6/+"<-*1:7 1"@6*--$& +,$ .02$8 *.$ .#"4<B =?AG ] >< >@P;<
1<0&$# 6$--1> =?AG TU 9;A<Bb A
2A<PCAJ =<AGB:@AG=A=C>G ?CH? @;EM>J9=;
N"1+ 6"::"8 08&06*+0"81 ;"# 32D AGP -$3 J>EG= A=
6*#&0*6 +#*81<-*8+*+0"8> PCAHG>BCBb AGP
)#0:*#/ <#"3-$: #$[40#08.  "@@>H<AZ= <;`;JC=>G ^>@;JE@A<
14#2$0--*86$> ;XCP;GJ; >Z
J08.-$ :"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ -"8.@+$#:  "@@>H<AZ= A<=;<C>:A=?9 :;<BCB=;G=
-0:0+*+0"8 ;"# 6*#&0*6 PCB;AB; >G PA9
+#*81<-*8+*+0"8> ]S >Z =<;A=^;G=5
=KRb]]L AGP D,,
2$"!#)* T]. 3-')"')' %I #$) 8$-#) +,%%3 2),,'5 <;A<<AGH;^;G=B
,1D!$ 0%3)'5 '!,))05 "03 #$1D(' N"1+ 6"::"8 -$49$:0* "; *&4-+1 08 2?<>GCJ
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* m$1+$#8 %"#-&C 6,#"806 -$49$:0* @9^:?>J9=CJ
0>G\G;>:@AB=CJ F?C=; J;@@ PCB><P;<B *11"60*+$& %0+, Y\UQ7 *8 *8+0*<"<+"+06 @;EM;^CAQ'^A@@
O$6#$*1$& 84:3$# "; 60#64-*+08. :"-$64-$C <*+0$8+ <#$1$8+1 %0+, 086#$*1$& @9^:?>J9=CJ
,;EM>:;GCA
-$49"6/+$1C :"1+ 6"::"8-/ 8$4+#"<,0-1 1416$<+030-0+/ +" 08;$6+0"81 &4$ +" @9^:?>^A
A8$4+#"<$80*BC &$;060$86/ "; -/:<,"6/+$1 ,/<".*::*.-"34-08$:0*C \Y\ 1,"%$& K2,,Q',,L
A-/:<,"<$80*B 01 -$11 6"::"87 *8& 01 rcRRR -/:<,"6/+$1e::ZC ,01+"-".06*--/7
6"::"8-/ 1$$8 08 *&2*86$& _?b *8& ;"60 "; :0+"+06*--/ *6+02$ 6$--1 ',,. ldUUU
"+,$# &01$*1$1> A<#"-0;$#*+0"8 6$8+$#1B *#$ <#$1$8+C *-1"7 @9^:?>J9=;BQ^
1:4&.$ 6$--1 A&4$ +" ;#*.0-0+/ "; ^V
\-0806*--/ 10.80;06*8+ 8$4+#"<$80*  "H<AGE@>J9=>BCB
60#64-*+08. +4:"# 6$--1B *#$ *-1" $20&$8+C
AwcRRe::ZBC ,0.,-/ 1416$<+03-$ +"
6*8 +#*81;"#: 08+" OUY\U AI06,+$#
08;$6+0"81 A\*8&0&* *8& H1<$#.0--41BC
1/8&#":$B>
:"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$' &#4. +"=060+/
N"1+ 6"::"8 08&"-$8+ -/:<,":* "; I>@@CJE@A<
H8 086#$*1$ 08 +,$ 84:3$# "; %,0+$ 6$--1 *;AJ=CX;
*&4-+1C ;#$[4$8+ 1:*-- a6-$*2$&a 6$--1 @9^:?>^A
08 +,$ 3-""& 08 * 2*#0$+/ "; 08;-*::*+"#/ @;EM>J9=>BCB5
:0=$& %0+, -*#.$ 6$--17 .#"%+, <*++$#8 01
1+*+$1 6*41$& 3/ :06#"30*- *8& ,;EM;^>CP
8"&4-*#7 6$8+#"3-*1+1 <#$1$8+C "664#1 08
8"8:06#"30*- 1+0:4-0 +,*+ :*/ :0:06 <;AJ=C>G K?CH?
"-&$# *&4-+17 414*--/ 082"-2$1 8"&$17
-$49$:0*> @;EM>J9=;
:*##"%7 1<-$$8C *11"60*+$& %0+, +ASiCSoB
A@MA@CG;
+,*+ #$14-+1 08 "2$#$=<#$110"8 "; 6/6-08
:?>B:?A=AB;5 A
OS>
:<>PEJ= >Z
G><^A@ 8+2Bb :"1+ 6"::"8 -/:<,":* "; *&4-+1C :"1+ 3CZZEB; ,A<H; +\
EB;P => 6"::"8 ;"#: "; D_UC +4:"# 6$--1 ,*2$ J;@@ @9^:?>^A
-*#.$ 846-$0 %0+, "<$8 6,#":*+08 *8& K3,+2,L
PCZZ;<;G=CA=; C=
<#":08$8+ 846-$"-0C :"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ +/<$
Z<>^ @;EM;^CABL
"; -/:<,":* 08 *&4-+17 *66"48+08. +"
M8-*#.$:$8+ "; * -/:<, 8"&$ *1 0::48$ *;AJ=CX;
ucRk "; *&4-+ D_U1>
#$1<"81$ +" ;"#$0.8 *8+0.$81C ,01+"-"./ @9^:?AP;GC=CB
414*--/ 8"81<$60;06C &$<$8&1 "8 &4#*+0"8 SPeN <#$1$8+$& %0+, * 1,"#+ ,01+"#/ "; +E<MC==
"; &01$*1$ *8& +/<$ "; ";;$8&08. *.$8+> ;$2$#7 +"810--0+01 *8& 480-*+$#*- $8-*#.$& @9^:?>^A
6$#206*- -/:<, 8"&$1> )M #$2$*-$&
0;>:@AB=CJ F?C=; J;@@ PCB><P;<B
$8-*#.$:$8+ "; #0.,+ 6$#206*- -/:<, 8"&$7
,9^:?>CP G;>:@AB^B
Z 6: 08 &0*:$+$#7 ,*#&7 *8& <,*#/8.$*-
N"1+ 6"::"8 +/<$ "; 6*86$# 08 6,0-&#$8C  "JE=;
,/<$#$:0*> _01+"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ %*1
,0.,-/ *..#$1102$ +4:"#1 :*80;$1+08. @9^:?>[@AB=CJ
08+$#:$&0*+$@10G$& #"48& -/:<,"0& 6$--1
%0+, 10.81 *8& 1/:<+":1 "; 3"8$ @;EM;^CA K",,L
%0+, Q@c <#":08$8+ 846-$"-0> _0., #*+$1 ";
:*##"% ;*0-4#$7 :*##"% $=<*810"87
<#"-0;$#*+0"8 *8& *<"<+"101 *#$
&011$:08*+0"8 "; -$49$:06 6$--17 *8& \DJ
6,*#*6+$#01+06> D46-$*# #$:8*8+1
:*80;$1+*+0"81C -/:<,"3-*1+1 %0+,
<,*."6/+"1$& 3/ 08+$#1<$#1$&
0##$.4-*# 846-$*# 6"8+"4#17 6"8&$81$&
:*6#"<,*.$1 %0+, *348&*8+ 6-$*#
6,#":*+087 1:*-- 846-$"-0 *8& 16*8+
6/+"<-*1:7 a1+*##/ 19/ <*++$#8a> H-1"7 0+ 01
*.#*84-*# 6/+"<-*1: "8 YNHC 3-*1+1
*11"60*+$& %0+, 3A^?  "86".$8$
  "86".$8$ x+AoCSiBy>
6":<"1$ rQck "; :*##"% 6$--4-*#0+/C
F,$ :"1+ -09$-/ &0*.8"101 01n \-4$' 0+ 01
F&FAlB 08 jck "; 6*1$1C :"1+ #$1<"8102$
*-1" +,$ ;*1+$1+ .#"%08. ,4:*8 +4:"#>
+" 6,$:"+,$#*</ AH1<*#*.08*1$B>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 16 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
!@AB^A J;@@ G;>:@AB^B D9;@>CP G;>:@AB^B
O01$*1$ +,*+ <#$1$8+1 *1 :4-+0;"6*- DE@=C:@; YNH 1,"%1 ,/<$#6$--4-*# :*##"% <*69$&  "JE=; ^9;@>CP
&$1+#46+02$ 3"8$ -$10"81 1$$8 *1 ^9;@>^A %0+, gQRk :/$-"3-*1+1 A*8& *G4#"<,0-06 @;EM;^CA K"D,L
<486,$&@"4+ &$;$6+1 "8 0:*.08.> I$8*- 8$$&-$@-09$ :*+$#0*- 6*--$& H4$# #"&1
082"-2$:$8+ 01 *-1" <#":08$8+7 6*4108. A;*.."+ 6$--1BBC 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 %0+,
<#"&46+0"8 "; <#"+$08*6$"41 6*1+1 08 +,$ <*86/+"<$80* *8& 3-$$&08.C <""#
O\F *8& 6"--$6+08. &46+1 A+,*+ 6*8 6*41$ <#".8"101 3$6*41$ 0+ 01 &0;;064-+ +" +#$*+>
#$8*- 0814;;060$86/BC 6*8 *-1" <#$1$8+ %0+, J+*081 41$& +" &0;;$#$8+0*+$ N/$-"3-*1+1 D9;@>[@AB=B.
0::48"&$;060$86/ &4$ +" 0:<*0#$& ;#": N"8"3-*1+1> D9;@>:;<>OCPAB
8"#:*- <-*1:* 6$-- ;486+0"8> ; KD!%LKoL
N"1+ 6"::"8 N <#"+$08 08 :/$-":* -H/ 0>G\B:;JCZCJ
6$--1> ;B=;<AB; K0')LK\
M=6$11 -0.,+ "# ,$*2/ 6,*081 *-"8. %0+, +;GJ;\6>G;B L
6":<-$+$ ?.1 1/8+,$10G$& 3/ 8$"<-*1+06 :<>=;CG D>G>[@AB=B.
<-*1:* 6$--1> D!%K\L5 0')KoL
Y*106*--/7 \UUeJUU %0+, <-*1:*6/+06 ,9^:?>:@AB^AJ J+*081 41$& +" &0;;$#$8+0*+$ N/$-"3-*1+1 ,9^:?>[@AB=B.
&0;;$#$8+0*+0"8C 414*--/ <#$1$8+ %0+, 9=CJ @9^:?>^A ;#": -/:<,"3-*1+1> D!%K\L !"'KoL
,/<$#2016"10+/ 1/8&#":$ Am*-&$81+#": N*08 &0;;$#$86$1 3$+%$$8 HNU *8& HUU>  "D, >JJE<B CG
:*6#".-"34-08$:0* A?.NBB' 2014*- APE@=B5 20'
6,*8.$17 8$4#"-".06 <#"3-$:17 3-$$&08. B:<;AP CB <A<;5
&0*+,$101 *8& 6#/".-"34-08$:0*C 8" 3"8$ AGP CB ^><;
:*80;$1+*+0"81C #$8*- :*80;$1+*+0"81 #*#$> PCZZCJE@= => =<;A=b
U/:<,":*1 "; :$:"#/ Y@6$-- "#0.08C DA<HCGA@ h>G;  ",, >JJE<B CG
414*--/ *#01$1 "8 +0114$1 "8 6,#"806 @9^:?>^A J?C@P<;G5 20'
08;-*::*+0"8C #$.#$11$1 %,$8 0860+08. B:<;AP CB
*.$8+ 01 #$:"2$&7 34+ "86$ 0+ <#".#$11$1 J>^^>G AGP CB
+" OUY\U7 #$.#$110"8 :*/ 8"+ 3$ H;G;<A@@9
<"1103-$C $=*:<-$1Z
$=*:<-$1Z /')(,'-= :)'09/Z <;B:>GBCX; =>
>X*:-20 /=09-*+2$ 47=-*(9 :)'09Z J?;^>=?;<A:9
#'/7(+*4* 47=-*(9(4(/$ /4*+'37Z #] &=)*-( H8 HNU +/<$ +,*+ 414*--/ <#$1$8+1 %0+,  "JE=;
 :'/4-(4(/ O?\C *11"60*+$& %0+, +AScCSPB :<>^9;@>J9=CJ
F,$1$ +4:"#1 "; 8$"<-*1+06 \Oil F 6$--1 D9J>BCB +#*81-"6*+0"81C ,0.,-/ #$1<"8102$ +" *--@ @;EM;^CA
,":$ +" +,$ 1908C 414*--/ :*80;$1+1 *1 * ZEGH>CP;B +#*81 #$+08"06 *60&>
8"81<$60;06 $#/+,#"&$#:06 #*1, +,*+ K2E=AG;>EB #\ O01"#&$# "; &$;$6+02$ ,$:*+"<"0$+06 D9;@>P9B:@AB=CJ
<#".#$11$1 "2$# +0:$ +" * <-*[4$ <,*1$ J;@@ @9^:?>^AL :*+4#*+0"8 +,*+ #$14-+1 08 08$;;$6+02$ B9GP<>^;
*8& +,$8 +" * +4:"# <,*1$C ,01+"-".06*--/7 ,$:*+"<"0$101 A6/+"<$80*1BC :"#$
8$"<-*1+06 F 6$--17 ";+$8 %0+, * 6"::"8 08 +,$ $-&$#-/C 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+
6$#$3#0;"#: *<<$*#*86$ <#"&46$& 3/ *1 3"8$ :*##"% ;*0-4#$C *11"60*+$& %0+,
:*#9$& 08;"-&08. "; +,$ 846-$*# 086#$*1$& #019 "; +#*81;"#:*+0"8 +" HNUC
:$:3#*8$17 08;0-+#*+$ +,$ $<0&$#:01 *8& <""# <#".8"101>
4<<$# &$#:01> 2?<>GCJ ^9;@>:<>@CZ;<A=CX; PCB><P;<B
$>PHMCG @9^:?>^AB \"::"8 ;$*+4#$1 "; 6,#"806 -GJ<;AB;P
O0*.8"1+06 6$--1 08 _UC -*#.$7 :4-+0<-$ *;;P\'=;<G[;<H :/$-"<#"-0;$#*+02$ &01"#&$#1> :<>@CZ;<A=CX;
846-$0 "# 108.-$ %0+, :4-+0<-$ -"3$1C $*6, K*'L J;@@B P<CX; CG +D5
%0+, 846-$"-41 *3"4+ * 10G$ "; * 1:*-- ;O=<A^;PE@@A<9
-/:<,"6/+$7 \OScAlB7 \OZRAlB> ?;^A=>:>C;BCB5
\-*1106*- _U +/<$1C \OSc *8& \OZRAlB> 0'5 D25 ,*5 ':;G= :?AB;5
,3$, AGP XA<CA[@;
N"1+ 6"::"8 2*#0*8+ "; _UC %0+, -*648*# 0>PE@A< =<AGBZ><^A=C>G
I$$&@J+$#83$#. AIJB 6$--1C %0+, BJ@;<>BCB $, => "D,
&$<"10+0"8 "; 6"--*.$ 3*8&1 +,*+ &020&$ K0'$,L \,#"806 -$49$:0* *11"60*+$& %0+, Y\I@ 2?<>GCJ
-/:<, 8"&$ 08+" 8"&4-$1C 8"+ *11"60*+$& HYU ;410"8 .$8$ A),0-*&$-<,0* ^9;@>H;G>EB
%0+, MYbC $=6$--$8+ <#".8"101C 414*--/ 6,#":"1":$7 +AjCQQBBC 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 @;EM;^CA K2D,L
&0*.8"1$& *+ $*#-/ 1+*.$ AJ+*.$ ?e??B %0+, %0+, 8"81<$60;06 1/:<+":1 *8&
;#$[4$8+ :$&0*1+08*- 082"-2$:$8+> 1<-$8":$.*-/C YNH 1,"%1 ,/<$#6$--4-*#
N"8"846-$*# *8& &0*.8"1+06 IJ 6$--1 %0+, DCO;P :*##"% <*69$& %0+, -$11 +,*8 SRk
,$+$#".$8"41 6$--4-*# 08;0-+#*+$C J;@@E@A<C=9 $, :/$-"3-*1+1 %0+, :"#$ :*+4#$ ;"#:1C
*11"60*+$& %0+, MYb 08 PRk "; 6*1$1C KD2$,L \Y\ 1,"%1 -$49"6/+"101
-$49"6/+"101 rSRR7RRRe::Z
rcRk "; 6*1$1 &0*.8"1$& *+ J+*.$ ???e?b > %0+, -"% -$49"6/+$ *-9*-08$ <,"1<,*+*1$C
N"8"846-$*# *8& &0*.8"1+06 IJ 6$--1 %0+, ,9^:?>J9=;\ *8& 16*++$#$& :*6#"<,*.$1 %0+,
-/:<,"6/+06 08;0-+#*+$C 8"+ *11"60*+$& <CJ? $, K,*$,L *348&*8+7 %#089-$&7 .#$$8@3-4$
%0+, MYbC $=6$--$8+ <#".8"101> 6/+"<-*1: A1$*@3-4$ ,01+0"6/+$1BC 6*8
U/:<,"6/+$1 *#$ 16*#6$ %0+, #$-*+02$ ,9^:?>J9=;\ <#"6$$& +" * 3-*1+ 6#0101 0; 8$.-$6+$&>
*348&*86$ "; &0*.8"1+06 IJ 6$--1C P;:@;=;P $, ?86#$*1$ 08 *-- 6$-- -08$17 34+ $#/+,#"0& !>@9J9=?;^CA
*11"60*+$& %0+, MYb 08 jRk "; 6*1$1C K,*$,L -08$1 *#$ :"#$ 086#$*1$&C *11"60*+$& %0+, X;<A K!aL
*11"60*+$& %0+, )U_?bC %"#1+ <#".8"101> vHLQ :4+*+0"81 08 :"1+ 6*1$1C Qk 6,*86$
U/:<,",01+0"6/+06 a<"<6"#8a IJ 6$--1 ,9^:?>J9=;\ "; +#*81;"#:*+0"8 +" HNU>
%0+, 8"&4-*# 08;0-+#*+$ "; 1:*-- :<;P>^CGAG= ?86#$*1$ 08 :$.*9*#/"+06 -08$1C )BB;G=CA@
-/:<,"6/+$1 *&:0=$& %0+, :*6#"<,*.$1C K,!$,L *11"60*+$& %0+, vHLQ :4+*+0"81 08 cRk "; =?<>^[>J9=>BCB
$=6$--$8+ <#".8"101C \OSc *8& ZR A@B7 6*1$C +#*81;"#:*+0"8 +" HNU 01
\OQRAlB> 486"::"8>
J+*.08. 1/1+$: 41$& ;"# _U>  "GG\"<[>< M=+$8102$ &$<"10+0"8 "; 6"--*.$8 08 !<C^A<9
J@ABBCZCJA=C>G :*##"% 3/ 8"8@8$"<-*1+06 ;03#"3-*1+1C ^9;@>ZC[<>BCB
*11"60*+$& %0+, vHLQ :4+*+0"81 08 cR@
TRk "; 6*1$1C c@QRk 6,*86$ ";
+#*81;"#:*+0"8 +" HNU>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 17 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
2$"!#)* TV. *)3 +,%%3 2),, "03 +,))3-0/ 3-'%*3)*' _$:"-/101 6*41$& 3/ ?.K "# ?.H 8A<^ AG=C[>P9
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* *8+03"&0$1 +,*+ *#$ *6+02$ *+ ZPp
ZPp\7 %,06, C^^EG;\
*)3 +,%%3 2),, 3-'%*3)*' #$14-+1 08 "<1"80G*+0"8 "; #$& 6$--1 3/ +,$ ?;^>@9=CJ
$;^>@9=CJ AG;^CAB *4+"*8+03"&0$1> AG;^CA
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &$;$6+02$ #$& 6$-- $;<;PC=A<9 K)O=<CGBCJb
:$:3#*8$ <#"+$081 1<$6+#08 *8& *89/#08C B:?;<>J9=>BCB CG=<AXABJE@A<L
"8 )YJ7 #$& 6$--1 *#$ 1<,$#06*- %,06, -*69 K-G=<CGBCJb H8$:0* "31$#2$& 08 * 2*#0$+/ "; DCJ<>AGHC>:A=?C
6$8+#*- <*--"#7 *8& +,$/ 1,"% 086#$*1$& ;O=<AXABJE@A<L <*+,"-".06 1+*+$17 08 %,06, 1:*-- 2$11$-1 J ?;^>@9=CJ
"1:"+06 ;#*.0-0+/ %,$8 <-*6$& 08 3$6":$ <*#+064-*#-/ "31+#46+$& A$>.> O?\7 AG;^CA
,/<"+"806 1*-+ 1"-4+0"81C *8$:0* %0+, :*-0.8*8+ _FD7 JUM7 $+6>BC 16,01+"6/+$17 K)O=<CGBCJb
6,*#*6+$#01+06*--/ 086#$*1$& N\_\> Y4## 6$--17 ,$-:$+ 6$--17 +#0*8.-$ 6$--1 *#$ CG=<AXABJE@A<L
f@-089$& &01"#&$# 08 %,06, #$& 6$--1 *#$ /@EJ>B;\W\ 1$$8 08 +,01 6"8&0+0"8>
48414*--/ 1416$<+03-$ +" &*:*.$ 6*41$ 3/ :?>B:?A=;  "G;^CAB >Z PC^CGCB?;P ;<9=?<>:>C;BCB
"=0&*8+1> AO#4.1 +,*+ <#"&46$ "=0&*8+1 P;?9P<>H;GAB; N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; *8$:0* 08 3"+, -<>G P;ZCJC;GJ9
086-4&$ *8+0:*-*#0*-17 14-;"8*:0&$17 P;ZCJC;GJ9 &$2$-"<08. *8& &$2$-"<$& 6"48+#0$1C AG;^CA
80+#";4#*8+"087 <,$8*6$+087 *8& 20+*:08 L K/W!3 :06#"6/+067 ,/<"6,#":06 %0+, -"%
&$#02*+02$1BC _$08G 3"&0$1 A&$#02$& ;#": P;ZCJC;GJ9L ;$##0+087 -"% 1$#4: 0#"8 -$2$-1 -"%
,$:".-"308B 1$$8 "8 )YJ "; K-G=<CGBCJb +#*81;$##08 1*+4#*+0"87 *8& 086#$*1$&
1<-$8$6+":0G$& <*+0$8+1C Y0+$ 6$--1 1$$8 ;O=<AXABJE@A< F?Y\>
"8 )YJ "; <*+0$8+1 %0+, 08+*6+ 1<-$$8 AGP N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; *8$:0* 08  "G;^CA >Z
;486+0"8> CG=<AXABJE@A<L ,"1<0+*-0G$& <*+0$8+1C *8$:0* J?<>GCJ PCB;AB;
F,01 #$14-+1 ;#": 1431+0+4+0"8 "; 2*-08$ 'CJM@; J;@@ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ ,0., -$2$-1 "; ,$<60&087
;"# .-4+*:06 *60& *+ +,$ T+, <"10+0"8 "; +,$ AG;^CA #$1<"8103-$ ;"# 3-"6908. +,$ +#*81;$# ";
s@6,*087 <#"&4608. _3JC 30G*##$7 K-G=<CGBCJb 0#"8 +" $#/+,#"0& <#$64#1"#17 ,$86$
$-"8.*+$&7 1<08&-$& "# 3"*+@1,*<$& 6$--1 ;O=<AXABJE@A<L 6*4108. *8$:0*C 8"#:"6/+067
"8 )YJ A$20&$8+ "8 -"% "=/.$8 +$810"8 8"#:"6,#":06 34+ 6*8 3$ :06#"6/+067
1+*+$1BC 6-0806*--/7 <#":08$8+ 6,$$93"8$1 ,/<"6,#":06C 086#$*1$& ;$##0+087 -"%
*8& 6,*8.$1 08 194-- #$1$:3-08. * a6#$%@ 1$#4: 0#"8 -$2$-17 -"% +#*81;$##08
64+a 194-- =@#*/7 &4$ +" 3"8$ :*##"% 1*+4#*+0"87 *8& &$6#$*1$& F?Y\>
$=<*810"8C *-1" %0+, <*08;4- 2*1"@ H8$:0* 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ ,/<$#6$--4-*# D;HA@>[@AB=CJ
"66-4102$ 6#0101C 1<-$$8 :*/ 3$ $8-*#.$&7 :*##"% *1 * #$14-+ "; 086#$*1$& 84:3$# AG;^CA
34+ 08 6,#"806 6*1$1 :*/ 3$ 1:*-- *8& "; :$.*-"3-*1+17 %,06, *#$ -*#.$ 6$--1 +,*+
;03#"1$& A*4+"1<-$8$6+":/B7 #$8&$#08. ,*2$ &$-06*+$7 ;08$-/ #$+064-*+$& 846-$*#
+,$: 1416$<+03-$ +" 08;$6+0"81 %0+, 6,#":*+08 *8& *348&*8+ 3*1"<,0-06
$86*<14-*+$& 3*6+$#0*C +#$*+:$8+ 01 6/+"<-*1:C 6*8 3$ 6*41$& 3/ !"-*+$
_/&#"=/4#$* +,*+ 086#$*1$1 _3!> A%0+,"4+ 8$4#"-".06 1/:<+":1B "#
N06#"6/+067 ,/<"6,#":06 *8$:0*1 #?A@ABB;^CA \"3*-*:08 A%0+, 8$4#"-".06 1/:<+":1B
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &$;060$86/ "; $0+,$# z@ "# K-G=<CGBCJb &$;060$86/C )YJ ;08&08.1 086-4&$'
[email protected]"308 6,*081 A:$:"#/ &$206$' +,$ ;O=<AXABJE@A<L ,/<$#1$.:$8+$& 8$4+#"<,0-17 -*#.$7 $..@
8*:$ 01 %,*+ 0+ -*691B> 1,*<$& :*6#"@"2*-"6/+$1>
\"8&0+0"8 6*41$& 3/ &$-$+0"8 "; S z@ 'C@;G= JA<<C;< Y"8$ :*##"% 01 :*#9$&-/ ,/<"6$--4-*#7  ":@AB=CJ AG;^CA
.-"308 .$8$> %0+, rjRk "; +,$ 08+$#+#*3$64-*# 1<*6$
\"8&0+0"8 6*41$& 3/ &$-$+0"8 "; Q z@ k\#?A@ABB;^CA 3$08. "664<0$& 3/ ;*+C 8"#:"6/+067
.-"308 .$8$1C 1/:<+":*+06 *+ 30#+, 8"#:"6,#":06C :"1+ 6"::"8-/ 6*41$&
3$6*41$ "; &$;060$86/ 08 _3!> 3/ 6,$:06*-1 AY$8G$8$B *8& &#4.1
O01$*1$ 6*41$& 3/ &$-$+0"8 "; Z *-<,* z@ $;^>H@>[CG $ A\,-"#*:<,$806"-B>
.$8$1> PCB;AB; J$-$6+02$ 14<<#$110"8 "; :*##"% !E<; <;P J;@@
\"8&0+0"8 6*41$& 3/ &$-$+0"8 "; *-- ;"4# z@ $9P<>:B Z;=A@CB $#/+,#"0& <#$64#1"#1C 6*8 3$ *4+"0::48$ A:@ABCA K!*2"L
.-"308 .$8$1> "# 08;$6+0"41 A)*#2"20#41B 08 $+0"-"./C
?8 s@F,*-*11$:0*7 *8 08&020&4*- %," e\#?A@ABB;^CA <#$1$8+1 %0+, 8"#:"6/+067 8"#:"6,#":06
08,$#0+1 "8$ *38"#:*- *--$-$ A"4+ "; QB ^CG>< *8$:0* %0+, 20#+4*--/+ *31$8+
,*1 +,01 *1/:<+":*+06 +" :0-&-/ $#/,+#"3-*1+1 08 3"8$ :*##"%7 *8&
1/:<+":*+06 6"8&0+0"8C I$& 6$--1 %0+, * 8"#:*- .#*84-"@ *8& +,#":3"<"0$+06
6$8+#*-7 &*#9@#$& <4&&-$ &4$ +" 6"--$6+0"8 $-$:$8+1C <*#*8$"<-*1+06 1/8&#":$ ";
"; ,$:".-"308 A+*#.$+ 6$--1B "8 )YJ> +,/:":*>
?8&020&4*-1 %0+, s@F,*-*11$:0* %," e\#?A@ABB;^CA H8$:0* 6*41$& 3/ #$<-*6$:$8+ "; +,$ D9;@>:?=?CBCJ
08,$#0+ +%" *38"#:*- *--$-$17 %0+, 1$2$#$ ^A`>< K2>>@;9 3"8$ :*##"% 3/ 08 08;0-+#*+02$ <#"6$11$1 AG;^CA
*8$:0* #$[40#08. #$.4-*# 3-""& AG;^CAL 146, *1 :$+*1+*+06 6*#608":* *8&
+#*81;410"81C 414*--/ 1/:<+":*+06 *+ .#*84-":*+"41 &01$*1$C -$*&1 +" +,$
*#"48& 10= :"8+,1 "; *.$ 3$6*41$ _3! *<<$*#*86$ "; $*#-/ $#/+,#"0& *8&
1/8+,$101 6$*1$1 *+ +,01 +0:$C :*#9$& .#*84-"6/+06 <#$64#1"#1
,/<"6,#":0*7 <"090-"6/+"101 A2*#0*+0"8 08 A-$49"$#/+,#"3-*1+"101B *8& +$*#&#"<@
6$-- 10G$B *8& *801"6/+"101 A2*#0*+0"8 08 1,*<$& #$& 6$--1 A&*6#"6/+$1B 08 +,$
6$-- 1,*<$B %0+, 8"#:"3-*1+1 A10.80;/08. <$#0<,$#*- 3-""&>
$#/+,#"<"0$+06 &#02$B> O$8"+$1 *8 086#$*1$ 08 #$& 6$--1 <$# 480+ !>@9J9=?;^CA
H :4+*+0"8 08 +,$ .$8$ &(:5
.$8$ &(:5 6*41$1
 6*41$1 +,01 !A<>O9B^A@ 2"-4:$ "; <$#0<,$#*- 3-""&7 414*--/ 08
&01$*1$C +,$#$ 01 &$;060$86/ "; )?K G>J=E<GA@ *11"60*+0"8 %0+, *8 086#$*1$ 08
A<,"1<,*+0&/-08"10+"- .-/6*8B +,*+ ?;^>H@>[CGE<CA ,$:".-"308 6"86$8+#*+0"8C :*/3$
*86,"#1 \Occ *8& \Ocj +" +,$ #$& 6$-- K-G=<CGBCJb #$-*+02$ A,$:"6"86$8+#*+0"8B "#
14#;*6$C %0+,"4+ 146,7 #$& 6$--1 3$6":$ CG=<AXABJE@A<L *31"-4+$C *31"-4+$ :*/ 3$ <#0:*#/
1416$<+03-$ +" 6":<-$:$8+@:$&0*+$& A<"-/6/+,$:0* 2$#*B "# 1$6"8&*#/
-/101> A086#$*1$& $#/+,#"<"0$+087 -48. &01$*1$7
H8$:0* 6*41$& 3/ -"%@*;;080+/ ?.N %,06, 2>@P AG=C[>P9 ,0., *-+0+4&$7 $8&4#*86$ *+,-$+$1 "#
308& +" #$& 6$-- :$:3#*8$1 "8-/ *+ +$:< C^^EG;\ $#/+,#"<"0$+08@1$6#$+08. +4:"#1B>
wZRp
wZRp\7 6"::"8-/ $=<$#0$86$& 3/ &01+*- ?;^>@9=CJ
<*#+1 "; +,$ 3"&/C *11"60*+$& %0+, AG;^CA
&02.+*0('2 7 *8& MYb
A=3*&)'/+' &02.+*0('27 K)O=<CGBCJb
08;$6+0"81> CG=<AXABJE@A<L
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 18 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
+,))3-0/ 3-'%*3)*' )*+0$8+ %0+, +,01 &01$*1$ ,*1 * +$8&$86/ $;^>:?C@CA
\*41$& 3/ * 1/1+$:06 *6+02*+0"8 "; 3CBB;^CGA=;P +"%*#& $*1/ 3#40108. *8& :*1102$ K$;^>:?C@CA " q
6"*.4-*+0"8 <*+,%*/17 -$*&08. +" CG=<AXABJE@A< ,$:"##,*.$ *;+$# +#*4:* "# "<$#*+02$ IAJ=>< a---
;"#:*+0"8 "; +,#":30 +,#"4.,"4+ +,$ J>AHE@A=C>G <#"6$&4#$17 *8& #$64##$8+ 3-$$&08. 08+" P;ZCJC;GJ9b
:06#"60#64-*+0"87 *8& 1431$[4$8+ K3-2L +,$ 5"08+1C -*3"#*+"#/ ;08&08.1 086-4&$ $;^>:?C@CA +
3-$$&08. &4$ +" 6"814:<+0"8 "; 8"#:*- <-*+$-$+ 6"48+7 3-$$&08. +0:$7 )F K2?<CB=^AB
6"*.4-*+0"8 ;*6+"#1C -*3"#*+"#/ ;08&08.1 *8& <#"-"8.$& )FF> PCB;AB;L q
086-4&$' +,#":3"6/+"<$80*7 086#$*1$& IAJ=>< -4
3-$$&08. +0:$ *8& <#"-"8.$& )F *8& )FF> P;ZCJC;GJ9
3CB><P;<B >Z :@A=;@;= GE^[;< b0+*:08 L &$<$8&$8+ 6"*.4-*+0"8 *8& IAJ=><B --5 a--5
\*41$& 3/ *8+0<-*+$-$+ *8+03"&0$1 -^^EG; ;03#08"-/+06 ;*6+"#17 *8& -*3"#*+"#/ -45 AGP 4b
&0#$6+$& *.*081+ .-/6"<#"+$081 ??3@???*7 ?3@ =?<>^[>J9=>:; <06+4#$ "; b0+*:08 L &$;060$86/> !<>=;CG 2 AGP 'b
?f A414*--/ ?.KBC -*3"#*+"#/ ;08&08.1 GCAQ-^^EG; G><^A@ :@A=;@;=
086-4&$' &$6#$*1$& <-*+$-$+ 6"48+7 =?<>^[>J9=>:; J>EG= AGP
<#"-"8.$& 3-$$&08. +0:$7 *8& 8"#:*- )F GCJ :E<:E<A [@;;PCGH =C^;b
*8& )FF> K-#!L :<>@>GH;P !#
!"#: "; ?F) 414*--/ *;;$6+08. *&4-+1 *8& 2?<>GCJ -#! AGP !##
;$:*-$1 :"#$ +,*8 :*-$1C *11"60*+$& %0+, #<AGBZEBC>G <;AJ=C>GB
JUM7 _?b7 Y@6$-- 8$"<-*1:1 A\UUBC F#*81;410"8 #$*6+0"8 +" %*+6, "4+ ;"# 08  "@@;<HCJ
.-46"6"#+06"0&1 *#$ 08&06*+$&C "+,$# <*+0$8+1 %0+, ?.H &$;060$86/> <;AJ=C>GB
+#$+*:$8+ :"&*-0+0$1 086-4&$7 ?.N@:$&0*+$& &$1+#46+0"8 "; &"8"# #$&  "JE=; ?;^>@9=CJ
1<-$8$6+":/7 #0+4=0:*3 A*8+0 \OQRB 08 Y@ 6$--1> =<AGBZEBC>G
6$-- 8$"<-*1:17 *8& F)E@:0:$+06 <;AJ=C>G K"$#*L
AI":0<-"1+0:B> ?.K@:$&0*+$& &$1+#46+0"8 "; &"8"# #$& 3;@A9;P
!"#: "; ?F) 414*--/ *;;$6+08. 6,0-&#$8C  "JE=; -#! 6$--1 08 * <#$20"41-/@1$810+0G$& 08&020&4*-> ?;^>@9=CJ
6"::"8 *8+$6$&$8+ 20#*- 0--8$11C =<AGBZEBC>G
.-46"6"#+06"0&1 *#$ 08&06*+$& "8-/ %,$8 <;AJ=C>G K3$#*L
1$2$#$C 414*--/ 1$-;@-0:0+$&> HIOJ@-09$ 6":<-06*+0"8 08 <*+0$8+1 %," #<AGBZEBC>G
F,#":3"6/+"<$80* %0+, +,#":3"1017 08 * $;:A<CG\ 48&$#%$8+ +#*81;410"8C &4$ +" *6+02*+0"8 <;@A=;P AJE=;
<*+0$8+ +*908. *8+06".4-*8+1 #*01$1 CGPEJ;P "; )ND1 08 -48. 2*164-*+4#$> @EGH CG`E<9
141<060"8 "; +,$ +,01 &01"#&$#> =?<>^[>J9=>:; K#*",-L
GCA K$-#L
N"1+ 6"::"8 ,$:*+"-".06 :*80;$1+*+0"8 #?<>^[>J9=>:; 2$"!#)* Tc. #$) ,(0/ "03 !,)(*"
"; _?b 08;$6+0"8> GCA 7()'#-%0 "0'8)*
H11"60*+$& %0+, <$8+*& "; ;$2$#7 #?<>^[>=CJ 3-')"')' %I #$) ,(0/
+,#":3"6/+"<$80*7 :06#"*8.0"<*+,06 =?<>^[>J9=>:; U"11 "; -48. 2"-4:$ 6*41$ 3/  "=;@;J=ABCB
,$:"-/+06 *8$:0*7 +#*810$8+ 8$4#"-".06 GCJ :E<:E<A 08*&$[4*+$ $=<*810"8 "; *0#1<*6$17
&$;060+1 *8& #$8*- ;*0-4#$C <#0:*#/ &$;$6+ K##!L #$14-+08. 08 1,48+08. "; 08*&$[4*+$-/
01 &$;060$86/ "; HOHNFJSZ7 * 2m! "=/.$8*+$& 3-""& ;#": <4-:"8*#/
:$+*--"<#"+$08*1$C -*3"#*+"#/ ;08&08.1 *#+$#0$1 08+" 2$081C 6*8 3$ #$1"#<+0"8
086-4&$' &$6#$*1$& <-*+$-$+ 6"48+7 A"31+#46+0"8 +,*+ <#$2$8+1 *0#
<#"-"8.$& 3-$$&08. +0:$7 *8& 8"#:*- )F #$*6,08. &01+*- *0# 1<*6$1B7
*8& )FF> 6":<#$110"8 A<-$4#*- ;-40& "# :*11
H11"60*+$& %0+, 6,0-&,""& "81$+ $;^>@9=CJ 6":<#$1108. +,$ -48.B7 *8&
:06#"*8.0"<*+,06 ,$:"-/+06 *8$:0*7 (<;^CJ 6"8+#*6+0"8 A<-$4#*- ;03#"101 0:<$&08.
+,#":3"6/+"<$80*7 *8& *64+$ #$8*- '9GP<>^; K$('L $=<*810"8 "; -48.1B>
;*0-4#$C 8" 8$4#"-".06 1/:<+":1C ";+$8 H3#4<+ "81$+ "; 10.80;06*8+ ,/<"=$:0*  "JE=; @EGH CG`E<9
%0+, * ,01+"#/ "; 3-""&/ &0*##,$* AC]
AC] 3*)( *8& 30-*+$#*- 08;0-+#*+$1 m?F_EXF K",-L
EScP'_P 08;$6+0"8BC %0+, 8"#:*- ,$*#+ ;*0-4#$>
HOHNFJSZ *6+020+/C -*3"#*+"#/ ;08&08.1 J$2$#$ :*80;$1+*+0"8 "; HU?C -48.1 *#$  "JE=; <;B:C<A=><9
086-4&$' &$6#$*1$& <-*+$-$+ 6"48+7 &*#9 #$&7 ;0#:7 *0#-$11 *8& ,$*2/C PCB=<;BB B9GP<>^;
<#"-"8.$& 3-$$&08. +0:$7 *8& 8"#:*- )F +,$#$ 01 6*<0--*#/ 6"8.$1+0"87 8$6#"101 K"*3'L
*8& )FF> "; *-2$"-*# $<0+,$-0*- 6$--17 08+$#1+0+0*-
3CB><P;<B >Z :@A=;@;= ZEGJ=C>G *8& 08+#*@*-2$"-*# $&$:* *8&
O$6#$*1$& .< ?3 -$*&1 +" &$;$6+02$ +;<GA<P\'>E@C;< ,$:"##,*.$ *8& 8$4+#"<,0-1 08
<-*+$-$+ *&,$10"8C -*3"#*+"#/ ;08&08.1 B9GP<>^; 6*<0--*#0$1C ,/*-08$ :$:3#*8$ 01 *-1"
086-4&$' &$6#$*1$& <-*+$-$+ 6"48+7 6,*#*6+$#01+067 -0808. +,$ *-2$"-*#
<#"-"8.$& 3-$$&08. +0:$7 *8& 8"#:*- )F &46+1>
*8& )FF> N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$1 "; HIOJ> ';:BCB5 PCZZEB;
O$6#$*1$& .< ??3@???* -$*&1 +" &$;$6+02$ /@AGh^AGG :E@^>GA<9
<-*+$-$+ *..#$.*+0"87 -*3"#*+"#/ ;08&08.1 =?<>^[AB=?;GCA CGZ;J=C>GB5 /AB=<CJ
086-4&$' 8"#:*- <-*+$-$+ 6"48+7 <#"-"8.$& AB:C<A=C>G
3-$$&08. +0:$7 *8& 8"#:*- )F *8& )FF> \-*11 H #$6"::$8&*+0"8 ;"# ,>F #CPA@ a>@E^;
2>AHE@A=C>G PCB><P;<B :*8*.$:$8+ "; HIOJ> X;G=C@A=C>G. WJJQNH
N"1+ 6"::"8 08,$#0+$& 3-$$&08. a>G 8C@@;[<AGP !*)3-2#)3 +>P9
&01"#&$#C :"1+ 6"::"8 <#$1$8+08. PCB;AB; KX83L F;CH?=
1/:<+":1 "; +,01 6"8&0+0"8 *#$ )A<@9
1<"8+*8$"41 3-$$&08. ;#": :46"41 G;E<>^EBJE@A<
:$:3#*8$17 $=6$1102$ 3-$$&08. ;#": [@>JMAP;.
%"48&17 "# :$8"##,*.0*C 3-$$&08. 2CBA=<AJE<CE^
+$8&$86/ ";+$8 ."$1 488"+06$& 48+0- 1":$ [;B9@A=; Z>< cS
,$:"1+*+06 1+#$117 146, *1 14#.$#/7 ?>E<B
#$2$*-1 0+1 <#$1$86$C -*3"#*+"#/ ;08&08.1
086-4&$ 8"#:*- <-*+$-$+ 6"48+7 <#"-"8.$&
3-$$&08. +0:$7 *8& 8"#:*- )F *8&
<#"-"8.$& )FF>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 19 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
%[B=<EJ=CX; AGP *;B=<CJ=CX; @EGH PCB;AB;B O0;;41$ <4-:"8*#/ &01$*1$ *;B=<CJ=CX; @EGH
O0;;41$ <4-:"8*#/ &01$*1$ %[B=<EJ=CX; @EGH 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ #$&46$& $=<*810"8 PCB;AB;B
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ -0:0+*+0"8 "; *0#;-"%7 PCB;AB;B "; -48. <*#$86,/:* *66":<*80$& 3/
414*--/ #$14-+08. ;#": *8 086#$*1$ 08 &$6#$*1$& +"+*- -48. 6*<*60+/C
#$101+*86$ 6*41$& 3/ <*#+0*- "# 1<0#":$+#/ ;08&08.1' &$6#$*1$& !MbS7
6":<-$+$ "31+#46+0"8 *+ *8/ -$2$-C :*#9$&-/ &$6#$*1$& !b\7 8"#:*- "#
1<0#":$+#/ ;08&08.1' :*#9$&-/ 086#$*1$& !MbSe!b\C $=*:<-$1'
&$6#$*1$& !MbS7 &$6#$*1$& !b\7 ?7-*0(3 (042-/4(4(') ).0: 9(/2'/2/
&$6#$*1$& !MbSe!b\C $=*:<-$1' _$+$#".$8$"41 .#"4< "; &01"#&$#1 2?<>GCJ CG=;<B=C=CA@
!-*037(') '/47+'$ C+&7=/2+'$ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& <#$&":08*8+-/ 3/ @EGH PCB;AB;B
?7-*0(3 ;-*037(4(/ '09 !-*037(234'/(/ 08;-*::*+0"8 *8& ;03#"101 "; +,$
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *38"#:*- )^:?9B;^A K!CGM <4-:"8*#/ 08+$#1+0+04:C ;"--"%1
<$#:*8$8+ $8-*#.$:$8+ "; +,$ :EZZ;<BL #$1+#06+02$ -48. &01$*1$ <*++$#8C
*0#1<*6$1 &01+*- +" +,$ +$#:08*- 6":<-06*+0"81 086-4&$ 6"# <4-:"8*-$
3#"86,0"-$1 *66":<*80$& 3/ *8& ,"8$/6":3 -48.C $=*:<-$1' O/.')
&$1+#46+0"8 "; +,$0# %*--1 %0+,"4+ (042-/4(4(') &02.+*0(' IJ9(*&'47(3
"320"41 ;03#"101C +,$#$ 01 +,08808. ";  &.)+*0'-= 1(;-*/(/G$ "02.+*3*0(*/(/$
"02.+*3*0(*/(/$
+,$ *-2$"-*# %*--1 *8& -"11 "; $-*1+06 '09 >'-3*(9*/(/]
+0114$C 6*8 3$ 6$8+#0*608*# !E@^>GA<9 CGZ;J=C>GB
A#$1<0#*+"#/ 3#"86,0"-$1 "8-/C )8$4:"80* %0+, * <*+6,/ &01+#034+0"8 +<>GJ?>:G;E^>GCA
*11"60*+$& %0+, 1:"908.B7 <*8*608*# "; 08;-*::*+0"8 082"-208. :"#$ +,*8
A*11"60*+$& %0+, z@S@*8+0+#/<108 "8$ -"3$>
&$;060$86/7 &01+*- *608*# A:"1+ )*++$#8 "; <8$4:"80* "31$#2$& 08 ,>[A< :G;E^>GCA
6"::"8-/ 1$$8 08 *&4-+1 %0+, <8$4:"6"66*- <8$4:"80*C ,*1 ;"4#
1<"8+*8$"41 <8$4:"+,"#*=B7 *8& <,*1$1 "; $2"-4+0"87 ;#": 6"8.$1+0"87
0##$.4-*# A:"1+ 6"::"8B> #$& ,$<*+0G*+0"87 .#*/ ,$<*+0G*+0"8
O$;08$& *1 <$#101+$8+ <#"&46+02$ 2?<>GCJ [<>GJ?C=CB *8& #$1"-4+0"8>
6"4., ;"# *+ -$*1+ Z 6"81$64+02$ K+@E; [@>A=;<BL ?8;-*::*+"#/ #$*6+0"8 01 -*#.$-/  "=9:CJA@
:"8+,1 08 *+ -$*1+ Q 6"81$64+02$ 6"8;08$& %0+,08 +,$ %*--1 "; +,$ :G;E^>GCA
/$*#1C :"#<,"-".06*--/7 :46"1*- *-2$"-0C 1$<+* %0&$8$& *8&
-0808. "; +,$ -*#.$# *0#%*/1 01 414*--/ $&$:*+"417 %0+, :"8"846-$*#
,/<$#$:06 *8& 1%"--$8 %0+, $&$:* 08;0-+#*+$1 "; -/:<,"6/+$17 ,01+0"6/+$1
;-40&7 ";+$8 6"2$#$& 3/ * -*/$# "; *8& <-*1:* 6$--1C *-2$"-*# 1<*6$1 *#$
:4608"41 "# :46"<4#4-$8+ ;#$$ "; 6$--4-*# $=4&*+$> F,01
1$6#$+0"81C +#*6,$* *8& 3#"86,0 ,*2$ :"#<,"-"./ <"08+1 :"#$ +"'
$8-*#.$& :4641@1$6#$+08. .-*8&1> H -"6*-0G$& *#$* "; 14<<4#*+02$ ,EGH A[BJ;BB
F#0*& ";' S> ?8+$#:0++$8+ *8& +<>GJ?CA@ AB=?^A 8$6#"101 %0+,08 +,$ <4-:"8*#/
#$2$#103-$ *0#%*/ "31+#46+0"8C Q> <*#$86,/:*7 #$14-+08. 08 +,$
\,#"806 3#"86,0*- 08;-*::*+0"8 %0+, ;"#:*+0"8 "; "8$ "# :"#$ -*#.$
$"108"<,0-1C *8& Z> Y#"86,0*- 1:""+, 6*20+0$1C :"1+ 6"::"8-/ "664#1 08 +,$
:416-$ 6$-- ,/<$#+#"<,/ *8& #0.,+ 10&$7 <*#+064-*#-/ 08 +,$ <"1+$#0"#
,/<$##$*6+020+/C :"#<,"-".06*--/ 1$.:$8+ "; +,$ 4<<$# -"3$ *8& *<06*-
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ +,0697 +$8*60"41 1$.:$8+1 "; +,$ -"%$# -"3$C :"1+
:4641 <-4.1 %0+, \4#16,:*88 1<0#*-1 6"::"8 01"-*+$1 *#$ *8*$#"306
A%,"#-1 "; 1,$& $<0+,$-04: ;"48& 08 3*6+$#0*>
:4641 <-4.1B *8& \,*#6"+@U$/&$8 #E[;<JE@>BCB
6#/1+*-1 A6"--$6+0"81 "; 6#/1+*--"0&1 !"#: "; +43$#64-"101 +,*+ &$2$-"<1 08 !<C^A<9
:*&$ 4< "; $"108"<,0- <#"+$08B> * <#$20"41-/ 48$=<"1$&7 481$810+0G$& =E[;<JE@>BCB
\#0+$#0* ;"# #$2$#1030-0+/ "; *0#%*/ I)aT CGJ<;AB; >Z <$#1"8>
"31+#46+0"8 &0*.8"1+06 "; 3#"86,0*- gT]i >< ]UU ^, ?:<-*8+*+0"8 "; +,$ 08,*-$& A] /?>G Z>JEB
*1+,:*> :>B= 4.;2-3.)*/(/ 3*60--0 08 +,$ &01+*-
4.;2-3.)*/(/ 3*60--0
[<>GJ?>PC@A=>< *0#1<*6$1 "; +,$ -48.17 6*41$1 +,$
;"#:*+0"8 "; +,01 S@S>c 6: *#$* ";
)$#:*8$8+ &0-*+0"8 "; 3#"86,0 *8& +<>GJ?C;J=ABCB .#*/@%,0+$ 08;-*::*+"#/
3#"86,0"-$1 6*41$& 3/ &$1+#46+0"8 "; 6"81"-0&*+0"8>
+,$ :416-$ *8& $-*1+06 14<<"#+08. K,"8 ;"641 %0+, 082"-2$:$8+ "; +,$ /?>G J>^:@;O
+0114$7 #$14-+08. ;#": 6,#"806 ,0-*# -/:<, 8"&$1 01 6*--$&'
8$6#"+0G08. 08;$6+0"81C I*&0".#*<,06*--/ &$+$6+*3-$ 6*-60;0$& *AGM; J>^:@;O
:"#<,"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 08+$81$ K,"8 6":<-$= 01 6*--$&'
*64+$ *8& 6,#"806 08;-*::*+"#/ )*++$#8 "; &01$*1$ +,*+ *#01$1 08 ';J>GPA<9 ><
$=4&*+$ %0+,08 +,$ %*--17 %0+, :0=$& <#$20"41-/ 1$810+0G$& ,"1+ +" A] <;AJ=CXA=C>G #+
;-"#* ";+$8 64-+4#$&C +,$#$ 01 *-1" 4.;2-3.)*/(/>
4.;2-3.)*/(/>
<$#03#"86,0"-*# ;03#"101 08 6,#"806 E664#1 %,$8 FY 3*60--0 &#*08 +,#"4., DC@CA<9
6*1$1> +,$ -/:<,*+061 08+" -/:<,*+06 &46+17 =E[;<JE@>BCB
F,069$808. "; *0#%*/ %*--C 143@  "C<FA9 <;^>P;@CGH %,06, $2$8+4*--/ $:<+/ 08+" +,$ #0.,+
3*1$:$8+ :$:3#*8$ ;03#"101C 10&$ "; +,$ ,$*#+ *8& 08+" <4-:"8*#/
086#$*1$& 2*164-*#0+/ 08 143:46"1*C 60#64-*+0"8C 08&020&4*- -$10"81 *#$
086#$*1$ 08 10G$ "; +,$ 143:46"1*- 1:*--7 20103-$ ;"60 "; /$--"%@%,0+$
.-*8&1 *8& ."3-$+ 6"81"-0&*+0"8 16*++$#$& +,#"4., +,$
6$-- :$+*<-*10* "; +,$ *0#%*/ <*#$86,/:*>
$<0+,$-04:C ,/<$#+#"<,/ *8&e"# F/<$ "; 8$6#"101 1$$8 08 +43$#64-"101> 2AB;>EB
,/<$#<-*10* "; +,$ 3#"86,0*- :416-$C
F/<$ "; 08;-*::*+0"8 1$$8 08 2?<>GCJ
*#$ 6"--$6+02$-/ 6*--$&' +43$#64-"101> H<AGE@>^A=>EB
F/<$ "; ,/<$#1$810+020+/ #$*6+0"8 08 #9:; -a K2;@@\
+43$#64-"101 A086-4&08. FJFB> ^;PCA=;PQ3;@A9;PL
\/+"908$ #$1<"8103-$ ;"# ;"#:*+0"8 "; -I0\r
.#*84-":*1 08 +43$#64-"101>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 20 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
_01+"-".06 *<<$*#*86$ "; +43$#64-"101 DAJ<>:?AH;B ZC@@;P N"1+ 6"::"8 "#*- ;48.*- 08;$6+0"8> 2AGPCPCABCB
08;$6+0"8 08 +,$ *31$86$ "; *8 08+*6+ FC=? [AJC@@C \,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 2$106-$ ;"#:*+0"8C $;<:;=CJ
6$--@:$&0*+$& 0::480+/> ,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ HCGHCX>B=>^A=C=CB
N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; #E[;<JE@>EB 3*--""8$& 6$--1 %0+, -*#.$ $"108"<,0-06
$=+#*<4-:"8*#/ FY> @9^:?AP;GC=CB 08+#*846-$*# 086-410"81 A\"%&#/ F/<$
KBJ<>ZE@AL H 086-410"8 3"&0$1B>
N"1+ 6"::"8 *;;$6+$& 1$.:$8+ 08 -@;E^ H %,0+$e#$& <-*[4$ +,*+ 6*88"+ 3$ ,;EM>:@AMCAQ
.*1+#"08+$1+08*- FY AD"+$' K?FY 01 16#*<$& ";;C 6"810&$#$& <#$6*86$#"41 )<9=?<>:@AMCA
#*#$7 &4$ +" &$6#$*1$ 08 6"814:<+0"8 48-$11 <#"2$8 "+,$#%01$C +,$ #$&
"; 08;$6+$& :0-9B> <-*[4$ 01 :"#$ *11"60*+$& %0+,
#E^><B :*-0.8*86/ +,*8 +,$ %,0+$ <-*[4$C
E8$ "; +,$ +%" :"1+ 6"::"8 'YEA^>EB J;@@ :"1+ 6"::"8 #019 ;*6+"# 01 60.*#$++$
,01+"-".06 +/<$1 "; -48. 6*86$# JA<JCG>^A 1:"908.>
*11"60*+$& %0+, 1:"908.C 6$8+#*--/ 0;>:@AB^B
-"6*+$& 08 :*5"# 3#"86,0C :*/ #*8.$ N"1+ 6"::"8 ,01+"-".06 +/<$ "; "#*- 'YEA^>EB J;@@
;#": <""#-/ &0;;$#$8+0*+$& +" %$--@ 6*20+/ 6*86$#> JA<JCG>^A
&0;;$#$8+0*+$& %0+, 9$#*+08 <$*#- N"1+ 6"::"8 3$80.8 +4:"# "; +,$ !@;>^><:?CJ
;"#:*+0"8C *11"60*+$& 08 .$8$#*- %0+, 1*-02*#/ .-*8&C ,01+"-".06*--/ AP;G>^A
,/<$#6*-6$:0*7 &4$ +" <#"&46+0"8 "; 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ $<0+,$-0*- $-$:$8+1
)F_ #$-*+$& <$<+0&$ A)F_#<B> *##*8.$& 08 &46+17 *60807 0##$.4-*#
?::48"1+*081' <TZ7 <iR> +434-$17 1+#*8&17 "# $2$8 1,$$+17 08 *
F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 ,01+"-".06 +/<$ ";  "P;G>JA<JCG>^A :$1$86,/:$@-09$ 3*69.#"48& "; -""1$
-48. 6*86$#C :"1+ 6"::"8-/ 1$$8 08 :/="0& +0114$ 6"8+*0808. 01-*8&1 ";
8"81:"9$#1C <$#0<,$#*--/ -"6*+$&C 6,"8&#"0& *8& #*#$-/7 ;"60 "; 3"8$C
,01+"-".06*--/7 :*/ 1,"% *608*# -"6*--/ 082*102$>
A.-*8&4-*#B7 <*<0--*#/7 :4608"417 *8& F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ :*-0.8*8+ DEJ>;:CP;<^>CP
1"-0& +/<$1> ?::48"1+*081' FF!@S *8& +4:"# "; 1*-02*#/ .-*8&1 6":<"1$& "; JA<JCG>^A
8*<108 H> :46"41 *8& 1[4*:"41 6$--1>
N"1+ 6"::"8 ,01+"-".06 +/<$ "; -48. '^A@@ J;@@ K%A= J;@@L N"1+ 6"::"8 $<0+,$-0*- "&"8+".$806  "^;@>[@AB=>^A
6*86$# *11"60*+$& %0+, 1:"908.C JA<JCG>^A +4:"# +,*+ *#01$1 ;#": "&"8+".$806
6$8+#*--/ -"6*+$&C %0+, $*#-/ 8"&*- $<0+,$-04: +,*+ &"$1 8"+ &$:"81+#*+$
082"-2$:$8+C ,01+"-".06*--/7 1:*--7 $=+":$1$86,/:*- &0;;$#$8+0*+0"8C
#"48& +" ;410;"#: 6$--1 %0+, 16*8+ -"6*--/ 082*102$>
6/+"<-*1: *8& ;08$-/ .#*84-*# 3-')"')' %I #$) (!!)* "-*8"1'
6,#":*+08 %0+, 84:$#"41 :0+"+06 I*#$ 8$"<-*1: %0+, 1+#"8. -0891 +" 0AB>:?A<9GH;A@
;0.4#$1 *#$ <#$1$8+C :"1+ *11"60*+$& MYb *8& ,0., ;#$[4$86/ *:"8. +,$ JA<JCG>^A
%0+, <*#*8$"<-*1+06 1/8&#":$17 146, \,08$1$ <"<4-*+0"8> \,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/
*1 \41,08. 1/8&#":$ A$6+"<06 H\F_B7 -*#.$ $<0+,$-0*- 6$--1 ,*208. 08&01+086+ K0>=;. B>^; =9:;B
U*:3$#+@M*+"8 :/*1+,$806 1/8&#":$7 3"#&$#1 A1/86/+0*- .#"%+,B *8& >Z $,5 AGP +E<MC==
*8& J?HO_7 *:"8. "+,$#1C "8-/ +/<$ <#":08$8+ $"108"<,0-06 846-$"-0> A<; A@B> ABB>JCA=;P
8"+ *:$8*3-$ +" 14#.$#/C FC=? )+aL
?::48"1+*081' 6,#":".#*8087 H 3$80.8 8$"<-*1: 414*--/ "8 +,$ +#4$ ,A<9GH;A@
1/8*<+"<,/1087 \OcP *8& Y\UQ> 2"6*- 6"#&1 +,*+ ;"#:1 * 1";+7 :A:C@@>^A
U48. 6*#608":* +,*+ +/<06*--/ ,*1 ,A<H; J;@@ #*1<3$##/@-09$ $=6#$1$86$ #*#$-/ :"#$
-*#.$7 <#":08$8+ 846-$"-07 *8& * JA<JCG>^A +,$8 S 6: 08 &0*:$+$#C 6"8101+1 ";
:"&$#*+$ *:"48+ "; 6/+"<-*1:7 %0+, :4-+0<-$7 1-$8&$#7 ;08.$#@-09$
:080:*- .-*8&4-*# "# 1[4*:"41 <#"5$6+0"81>
&0;;$#$8+0*+0"8> O0*.8"1$& %,$8 N"1+ 6"::"8 1/:<+": "; -*#/8.$*- !;<BCB=;G=
0::48"1+*081 ;"# 98"%8 ,01+"-".06 6*#608":*> ?>A<B;G;BB
+/<$1 "; -48. 6*86$# *#$ 8$.*+02$> \"::"8 $+0"-".06 *.$8+1 0:<-06*+$& '^>MCGH5 A@J>?>@5
3-')"')' %I #$) !,)(*" 08 -*#/8.$*- 6*#608":* AB[;B=>B5 <APCA=C>G5
H #*#$ 6*86$# 1$$8 08 <*+0$8+1 %," DA@CHGAG= $!a
%"#9 08 1,0</*#&17 :08$#1 *8& ^;B>=?;@C>^A N"1+ 6"::"8 ,01+"-".06 +/<$ "; 'YEA^>EB J;@@
0814-*+"#1C <#$1$8+1 *1 -48. -*#/8.$*- 6*#608":* JA<JCG>^A KRdiL
$81,$*+,$& 3/ * /$--"%@%,0+$7 ;0#: "# K0>=;. DA@CHGAG= N"1+ 6"::"8 -"6*+0"8 "; -*#/8.$*- /@>==CJ KWU\jdiL
.$-*+08"41 -*/$# "; +4:"# +,*+ ^;B>=?;@C>^A CB 6*#608":*
"3-0+$#*+$1 +,$ <-$4#*- 1<*6$C -$10"8 01 J>^^>G@9 )"*'
<#$6$$&$& 3/ $=+$8102$ <-$4#*- ABB>JCA=;P FC=? N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; "+0+01 :$&0*> aC<A@
;03#"101 *8& <-*[4$ ;"#:*+0"8C :*/ 3$ AB[;B=>B5 [E= =?; N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ 3*6+$#0*-  D> 0%&,-"%+(&5
0%&,-"%+(& 5 G>G\
$<0+,$-0*-7 1*#6":*+"0& "# 30<,*106 08 ^>B= J>^^>G 6*41$1 "; *64+$ "+0+01 :$&0*> =9:;A[@; E>
:"#<,"-"./> JAGJ;< AB[;B=>B +%<6,&%A(&5
+%<6,&%A(& 5 :>
?::48"1+*081' M<0+,$-0"0&' L$#*+087 JAEB;B CB B=C@@ @EGH )(*(##1(6+3
6*-#$+08087 mF@S7 \Lc7T7 OQ@iRC JAGJ;<L
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$1 "; 6,#"806 "+0+01 8> (&#,4+%"3(5
(&#,4+%"3(5 D>
J*#6":*+"0&' 414*--/ L$#*+08AlB "8-/>
:$&0*> (,#&,35
(,#&,3 5 ZEGHEB5
^CO;P
2$"!#)* Td. $)"3 "03 0)2N
\":<-06*+0"81 "; "+0+01 :$&0*> +<ACG A[BJ;BB AGP
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* J?>@;B=;A=>^A
%*", 2"a-#1 0)2N
0>G\G;>:@AB=CJ J>GPC=C>GB F#4$ 6/1+ *#0108. ;#": #$:8*8+ "; +<AGJ?CA@ J@;Z= J9B=
N*08 6*41$ "; +""+, -"11 3$;"#$ *.$ 3;G=A@ JA<C;B 1$6"8& 3#*86,0*- *#6, A:"1+
Zc> 6"::"8BC 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 *1 4<<$#
N*08 6"81$[4$86$1 "; .08.020+01> !@AYE; AGP JA@JE@EB -*+$#*- 8$69 :*11 *-"8. J\N>
!03#"41 <#"-0;$#*+02$ -$10"8 414*--/ !9>H;GCJ
"664##08. 08 6,0-&#$87 *&4-+1 *8& H<AGE@>^A
<#$.8*8+ %":$8 A<#$.8*86/ +4:"#BC
,01+"-".06*--/7 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/
"#.*80G08. .#*84-*+0"8 +0114$ A,0.,-/
2*164-*#B>
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 21 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
N"1+ 6"::"8 6"8.$80+*- *8":*-/ "; #?9<>H@>BBA@ PEJ= '#%D"2$
+,/#"0& .-*8&C *#0108. ;#": #$:8*8+1 J9B= /AB=<C=CP;B
"; +,/#"0& .-*8& &$16$8+C 6-0806*--/ N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; 6,#"806 E> 0$6"#+  HAB=<C=CB
 HAB=<C=CB
<#$1$8+ *1 * :0&-08$ :*11 *-"8. +,$ .*1+#0+01C :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ ";
+#*69 "; &$16$8+ "; +,$ +,/#"0& .-*8&C :4-+0;"6*- *+#"<,06 .*1+#0+01C
+#$*+:$8+ "; 6,"06$ 01 J01+#489 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ +,$ ;"--"%08.'
<#"6$&4#$> <#$&":08*8+-/ *8+#*-7 8$4+#"<,0-06
D$4#"$8&"6#08$ 8$"<-*1: *11"60*+$& !A<AGHAGH@C>^A 08;0-+#*+$ %0+, 143$<0+,$-0*- <-*1:*
%0+, HDJC 3*106*--/7 *8 $=+#*@*&#$8*- 6$--17 1$#4: .*1+#08 8"#:*- +"
<,$"6,#":"6/+":* A,01+"-".06*--/BC &$6#$*1$&C *11"60*+$& %0+,
6*8 3$ -"6*+$& <*#*2$#+$3#*- ,/<$#<-*1+06e08;-*::*+"#/ <"-/<1C
A1/:<*+,$+06B7 "# 08 *"#+06"<4-:"8*#/ AlB ;"# #] &=)*-( *8+03"&0$1C
&=)*-( *8+03"&0$1C
6,*08 A<*#*1/:<*+,$+06B> 1$[4$-*$ 086-4&$1 .*1+#06
'",-a"*1 /,"03' -/:<,":*>
N"1+ 6"::"8 +/<$ "; 08;-*::*+"#/ DEJ>J;@; N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; .*1+#0+01 08  "E=>C^^EG; HAB=<C=CB
1*-02*#/ .-*8& -$10"8 *8& +,$ :"1+ <*+0$8+1 %0+,"4+ #] &=)*-( 08;$6+0"8C
&=)*-( 08;$6+0"8C
6"::"8 1*-02*#/ .-*8& -$10"8> :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; &0;;41$
N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; 20#*- DE^:B *+#"<,06 .*1+#0+01C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/
10*-*&$80+01C :"1+ 6"::"8 .-*8& +,$ ;"--"%08.' <#$&":08*8+-/ *+ +,$
082"-2$&' <*#"+0&> 3"&/7 -/:<,"6/+06 08;0-+#*+$ %0+,
N"1+ 6"::"8 .-*8& 082"-2$& 08 'E[^AGPC[E@A< :*6#"<,*.$17 1$#4: .*1+#08
10*-"-0+,0*101> 086#$*1$&C *11"60*+$& %0+,
N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; +4:"#1 !A<>=CP H@AGP 8$4#"$8&"6#08$ ,/<$#<-*10*C AlB
#$.*#&-$11 "; 3$,*20"#> ;"# *8+03"&0$1 *.*081+ <*#0$+*- 6$--1
N"1+ 6"::"8 +4:"# "; +,$ 1*-02*#/ !@;>^><:?CJ A<#"+"8 <4:< *8& 08+#08106 ;*6+"#BC
.-*8&C *-1" +,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 3$80.8 AP;G>^A 6-0806*--/7 <*+0$8+1 <#$1$8+ %0+,
+4:"#> *6,-"#,/&0* A&4$ +" &$1+#46+0"8 ";
N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ :*-0.8*8+ DEJ>;:CP;<^>CP <*#0$+*- 6$--1B7 *8& :$.*-"3-*1+06
+4:"# "; +,$ 1*-02*#/ .-*8&C *8& +,$ JA<JCG>^A *8$:0* A&4$ +" b0+*:08 YSQ
1$6"8& :"1+ 6"::"8 +4:"#> &$;060$86/B>
J$6"8& :"1+ 6"::"8 3$80.8 +4:"# 8A<=?CG =E^>< !;:=CJ E@J;< PCB;AB;
"; +,$ 1*-02*#/ .-*8&7 %0+, ,0., K!A:C@@A<9 N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; )XO>  "G=<A@ >< PE>P;GA@ KE>KE>
*11"60*+0"8 %0+, 1:"908.> J9B=AP;G>^A  0$6"#+ L
@9^:?>^A=>BE^L _01+"-".06 ;08&08.1 08 )XO> 0-/'. 0. G;J<>BCB5 -.
_0.,-/ *..#$1102$ :*-0.8*86/ "; +,$  "P;G>CP J9B=CJ AJE=; CGZ@A^^A=C>G5
1*-02*#/ .-*8&7 %0+, ,0., <#"<$810+/ JA<JCG>^A /. H<AGE@A=C>G =CBBE;5
;"# <$#084$#*- 082*10"87 *8& ,0., '. ZC[<>EB BJA< KZ<>^
"664##$86$ "; &01+*8+ :$+*1+*101> BE:;<ZCJCA@ => P;;:L
0;>:@AB^B
2$"!#)* TW. #$) /"'#*%-0#)'#-0", #*"2# N"1+ 6"::"8 .*1+#06 <"-/<> -GZ@A^^A=><9Q
)'%!$"/(' $9:;<:@AB=CJ KjdiL
0>G\G;>:@AB=CJ J>GPC=C>GB F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 :*-0.8*86/ "; /AB=<CJ
F/<06*- ;08&08.1 08 10.80;06*8+ )>BCG>:?C@CJ CGZC@=<A=; +,$ 1+":*6, AjRkBC ,*1 +%" +/<$1' AP;G>JA<JCG>^A
KMIO> CG ^EJ>BA FC=? 08+$1+08*- A34-9/ +4:"#1 %0+,
G;E=<>:?C@B KCZ B;X;<;L .-*8&@-09$ 1+#46+4#$1
AGP +ABA@ h>G; ,01+"-".06*--/BC *8& &0;;41$ A08+$81$
?9:;<:@ABCA &$1:"<-*10* -$*&08. +" -$*+,$#
)"#+"6*2*- *8*1+":"1$1 082"-2$& )B>:?AH;A@ [<AGJ? >Z 3"++-$ 1+":*6, A-080+01 <-*1+06B %0+,
08 $1"<,*.$*- 2*#06$1> @;Z= HAB=<CJ X;CG AGP 10.8$+ #08. 6$--1 6"8+*0808. :4608
Ah9H>B X;CG ,01+"-".06*--/> AU*4#$8
\":<-06*+0"8 "; -"8.@1+*8&08. +A<<;== ;B>:?AHEB 6-*110;06*+0"8 "; 08+$1+08*- *8&
KMIOC 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 08+$1+08*- &0;;41$ 01 41$&BC :"1+ 6"::"8 10+$'
:$+*<-*10* %0+,08 +,$ $1"<,*.$*- H8+#4:7 "8 +,$ -$11$# 64#2*+4#$>
1[4*:"41 :46"1*C 086#$*1$& #019 N*-0.8*86/ *11"60*+$& %0+, #] ,9^:?>^AQD",#>^A
"; $1"<,*.$*- *&$8"6*#608":*>  &=)*-( 08;$6+0"8C :"1+ 6"::"8 10+$
 &=)*-( 08;$6+0"8C
0;>:@AB^B "; "664##$86$ 01 +,$ 1+":*6,C
M1"<,*.$*- 6*#608":* *11"60*+$&  "P;G>JA<JCG>^A $#*&06*+0"8 "; _> </-"#0 -$*&1 +"
%0+, 6,#"806 KMIOC 414*--/ "664#1 +4:"# #$.#$110"87 $=6$<+ %,$8 0+
08 +,$ &01+*- +,0#& "; +,$ $1"<,*.41C +#*81;"#:1 +" OUY\U>
,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ F4:"#1 "; 8$4#"$8&"6#08$ "#0.08C 2A<JCG>CP
.-*8& ;"#:*+0"8 *8& :4608 6"::"8 10+$ 01 1:*-- 08+$1+08$C :*/
<#"&46+0"8C <#$:*-0.8*8+ -$10"8 01 $-*3"#*+$ ,"#:"8$1 +,*+ 6*8 -$*&
Y*##$++ $1"<,*.41> +" WMJ A.*1+#08B "# 6*#608"0&
N"#$ 6"::"8 "; +,$ 'YEA^>EB J;@@ 1/8&#":$ A1$#"+"808BC :"1+
,01+"-".06<*++$#81 "; $1"<,*.$*- 0:<"#+*8+ <#".8"1+06 ;*6+"# 01
JA<JCG>^A
6*86$#C *11"60*+$& %0+, 1:"908.7 -"6*+0"8 0>$> :0&.4+ +4:"#1 *#$
*-6","-7 6*41+06 0854#/7 *8& ;#$[4$8+ ";+$8 :4-+0<-$ *8& *..#$1102$C
0::48"1+*081' J/8*<+"<,/108 *8&
6"814:<+0"8 "; 2$#/ ,"+ 3$2$#*.$1C
414*--/ "664#1 08 +,$ :0&&-$ +,0#& \,#":".#*808 H>
"; +,$ $1"<,*.41C <#$:*-0.8*8+ N"1+ 6"::"8 :$1$86,/:*- +4:"# /AB=<>CG=;B=CGA@
-$10"8 01 1[4*:"41 &/1<-*10*> "; +,$ *3&":$8C :"#$ +,*8 ,*-; "; B=<>^A@ =E^>< K/-'#L
6*1$1 "664# 08 +,$ 1+":*6,C
6/+".$8$+06 "#0.08 01 08+$#1+0+0*-
6$--1 "; \*5*- A?\\BC ,01+"-".06*--/
6":<"1$& "; $-"8.*+$& 1<08&-$
6$--1 "# <-4:< $<0+,$-0"0& 6$--1C
?::48"1+*081' L?F>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 22 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
'D",, "03 ,"*/) -0#)'#-0)' !*:0-0*- 1/8&#":$ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& $;<;PC=A<9
-G=;B=CGA@ >[B=<EJ=C>G 3/ $*#-/ &$2$-"<:$8+ "; 6"-"8 G>G:>@9:>BCB J>@>G
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 08+$1+08*- $;<GCAB 6*86$# *8& "+,$# 2016$#*- JAGJ;<
"31+#46+0"8> :*-0.8*860$1C :*08 <*+,"-"./ 01 K$0!22LQ,9GJ?
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 08+$1+08*- -G=EBBEBJ;:=C>G :4+*+0"81 08 .$8$1 "; ODH #$<*0# B9GP<>^;
"31+#46+0"8 08 6,0-&#$8 wQ /$*#1 ANJ_Q "# NU_SB +,*+ -$*&1 +"
"-&> :06#"1*+$--0+$ 081+*30-0+/ *8&
-BJ?;^CJ [>F;@ PCB;AB; 1431$[4$8+ &$2$-"<:$8+ "; 6"-"806
N"1+ 6"::"8 #$.0"81 1416$<+03-$ ':@;GCJ Z@;OE<; AGP *&$8"6*#608":*>
+" 016,$:0*> <;J=>BCH^>CP N"1+ 6"::"8 :*-0.8*86/ "; +,$ 2>@>GCJ
-GZ@A^^A=><9 [>F;@ PCB;AB; .*1+#"08+$1+08*- +#*6+C +%" AP;G>JA<JCG>^A
?8;-*::*+"#/ 3"%$- &01$*1$ 2<>?G PCB;AB; <*+,%*/1 *#$ #$6".80G$&C +,$
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ +,$ ;"--"%08.' 190< *&$8":* 6*#608":* 1$[4$86$
-$10"817 +#*81:4#*- 3"%$- 082"-208. H)\ *:"8. "+,$#1C *8&
082"-2$:$8+7 *8& #$6+*- 1<*#08.C +,$ :06#"1*+$--0+$ 081+*30-0+/
*11"60*+$& %0+, &$2$-"<:$8+ "; <*+,%*/ A1$110-$ 1$##*+$&
6"-"806 *&$8"6*#608":* 0; %0+, *&$8":*@6*#608":* 1$[4$86$B
6"-"806 082"-2$:$8+> 082"-208. NJ_Q "# NU_SC 6-0806*--/
?8;-*::*+"#/ 3"%$- &01$*1$ (@J;<A=CX; J>@C=CB 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &0;;$#$8+
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ +,$ ;"--"%08.' 1/:<+":*+"-".0$1 &$<$8&08. "8
6"8+084"41 -$10"81 414*--/ -0:0+$& -"6*+0"8' AI0.,+ 6"-"8' 414*--/
4< +" 143:46"1*7 %0+, #$6+*- *8$:0* ;#": 3-$$&08. ;#": +,$
082"-2$:$8+ 34+ &01$*1$ 01 -0:0+$& 34-9/ 8"8"31+#46+02$ :*11$1C U$;+
+" +,$ 6"-"8 "8-/C *11"60*+$& %0+, 6"-"8' 414*--/ <#$1$8+1 %0+, 6,*8.$
+"=06 :$.*6"-"8 *8& &$2$-"<:$8+ 08 3"%$- ,*30+1 &4$ +" 8*<908@#08.
"; 6"-"806 *&$8"6*#608":*> 6"8;0.4#*+0"8 "; +,$ -$10"8B>
D"+$' N*9$ 14#$ +" 1+4&/ F*3-$ Si@c 08 I"33081 Y*106 F%" 0:<"#+*8+ <#".8"1+06 ;*6+"#1 -GXABC>G AGP @9^:?
)*+,"-"./7 j+, $&> <> coP "# F*3-$ SP@o 08 I"33081 *8& \"+#*8 08 6"-"806 *&$8"6*#608":*> G>P; B=A=EB
)*+,"-".06 Y*101 "; O01$*1$ o+, $&> <> oRo "# F*3-$ SP@j 08 N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; :$+*1+*1$1 "; ,CX;<
I"33081 *8& \"+#*8 )*+,"-".06 Y*101 "; O01$*1$ j+, $&> <> PjP> 6"-"806 *&$8"6*#608":*>
3CX;<=CJE@A< PCB;AB;  "!!)03-4
N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; &02$#+064-*# 'CH^>CP KCG A<;AB F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; *64+$ ,9^:?>CP ?9:;<:@ABCA
&01$*1$> :;G;=<A=;P [9 [@>>P *<<$8&060+01 08 6,0-&#$8 *8& *&4-+17 AGP I;JA@C=?5
X;BB;@BL #$1<$6+02$-/> <;B:;J=CX;@9
F/<$ "; &02$#+064-4: 08 10.:"0& IA@B; PCX;<=CJE@E^ F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 +4:"# "; +,$ 2A<JCG>CP
>&02$#+064-"101> *<<$8&0=>
0;>:@AB^B
)"-/<1 6"::"8 08 +,$ -$;+ 6"-"8C $9:;<:@AB=CJ :>@9: 2$"!#)* Tj. ,-a)* "03 /",,+,"33)*
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 1$##*+$& 7()'#-%0 "0'8)*
*#6,0+$6+4#$ -0:0+$& +" +,$ 4<<$# ,-a)*
+,0#& "; +,$ 6#/<+C 8" 6/+"-".06 2@CGCJA@ B9GP<>^;B
*+/<0* *8& -*+$#*- .#"%+,C &" 8"+ \"8&0+0"8 %,$#$08 +,$#$ 01 oR@jRk  "JE=; @CX;< ZAC@E<;
,*2$ :*-0.8*8+ <"+$8+0*-> -02$# <*#$86,/:*- -"11 08 <*+0$8+
)"-/<1 6"::"8 08 +,$ #0.,+ 6"-"8C ';BBC@; B;<<A=;P %0+,"4+ <#$@$=01+08. -02$# &01$*1$C
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 1$##*+$& AP;G>^A 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 %0+,
*#6,0+$6+4#$ +,#"4.,"4+ +,$ %,"-$ $86$<,*-"<*+,/ *8& 6"*.4-"<*+,/C
-$8.+, "; +,$ .-*8&C 8" 6/+"-".06 "664#1 wQT %$$91 <"1+ 080+0*- 0814-+>
*+/<0* 34+ $=,030+1 -*+$#*- .#"%+, H 6-0806*- $8+0+/ 6*41$& 3/ 1$2$#$ -"11 $;:A=CJ
A$-$<,*8+@;$$+ .-*8&1BC ,*1 "; ,$<*+"6$4--4-*# ;486+0"8 *8& ;GJ;:?A@>:A=?9
:*-0.8*8+ <"+$8+0*- -09$ 1,48+08. "; 3-""& ;#": <"#+*- +"
6"82$8+0"8*- *&$8":*1> 1/1+$:06 60#64-*+0"87 6*4108. 340-&4<
H4+"1":*- &":08*8+ 1/8&#":$ "; !;E=h\6;H?;<B "; +"=081 +,*+ 6*41$ 8$4#"8*-
,*:*#+":*+"41 <"-/<1 *8& B9GP<>^; &/1;486+0"8 A08 *64+$ 6*1$1BC
:46"64+*8$"41 :*80;$1+*+0"81 :*/ #*8.$ ;#":
,/<$#<0.:$8+*+0"87 *11"60*+$& 143+-$ 3$,*20"#*- 6,*8.$1 +" &$$<
%0+, 086#$*1$& #019 "; 2016$#*- 6":* *8& &$*+,>
:*-0.8*860$1C ,01+"-".06*--/ J/8&#":$ ,$#*-&$& 3/ * &#"< 08 $;:A=><;GA@
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *#3"#0G08. 4#08$ "4+<4+ *8& #0108. YXD *8& B9GP<>^;
8$+%"#91 6":<"1$& "; 1:""+, 6#$*+0808$C *<<$*#1 08 1$2$#$ -02$#
:416-$ 08+$#:0=$& %0+, -*:08* ;*0-4#$C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ #$8*- ;*0-4#$
<#"<#0*> 08 +,$ 1$++08. "; -02$# &01$*1$ %0+,"4+
N"#<,"-".06 2*#0*8+1 "; 6"-"806 #E[E@A<5 <#0:*#/ #$8*- *38"#:*-0+0$1
*&$8":*1> #E[E@>XC@@>EB5 aC@@>EB \"::"8 6*41$1 "; 6,#"806 -02$# 2?<>GCJ $+a AGP
F,$ 108.-$ :"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ 'Ch; KgcJ^L K>=?;<B. ;*0-4#$> $2a5 "@J>?>@CJ @CX;<
6,*#*6+$#01+06 "; *&$8":*1 +,*+ A<J?C=;J=E<; KXC@@>EBL5 PCB;AB;5 AGP 0"I,3
6"##$-*+$1 %0+, :*-0.8*86/> AGP B;X;<C=9 >Z O0;;41$ +#*81;"#:*+0"8 "; +,$ -02$# 2C<<?>BCB
P9B:@ABCA 08+" #$.$8$#*+08. <*#$86,/:*-
!*:0-0*- 1/8&#":$ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& IA^C@CA@ AP;G>^A=>EB 8"&4-$17 14##"48&$& 3/ &$81$ 3*8&1
3/ $*#-/ "81$+ &$2$-"<:$8+ "; :>@9:>BCB KI"!L "; 16*#7 %0+, 2*#0*3-$ &$.#$$1 ";
84:$#"41 6"-"806 <"-/<1C :*08 2*164-*# 1,48+08.>
<*+,"-"./ 01 :4+*+0"81 "8 +,$ H)\ \"::"8 6*41$1 "; &$*+, 08 6,#"806 2>^:@CJA=C>GB >Z
.$8$ A\,cBC 6#0+$#0"8 01 +,$ -02$# ;*0-4#$> AJE=; @CX;< ZAC@E<;
<#$1$86$ "; *+ -$*1+ SRR <"-/<1> AGP ?;:A=>J;@@E@A<
JA<JCG>^A

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 23 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
?86#$*1$& #$101+*86$ +" <"#+*- 3-""& !><=A@ ?9:;<=;GBC>G N"1+ 6"::"8 :$+*3"-06 -02$# 0"I,3
;-"% +,*+ :*/ 3$ 6*41$& 3/ &01$*1$C 414*--/ "664#1 08 <*+0$8+1
<#$,$<*+067 08+#*,$<*+06 *8& 6"814:08. wQR .e%$$9 "; $+,*8"-C
<"1+,$<*+06 6*41$1C 6*8 6*41$ &0-*+0"8 *11"60*+$& %0+, F/<$ Q ON7 0814-08
"; +,$ <"#+"6*2*- *8*1+":"1$1 *8& #$101+*86$7 &/1-0<0&$:0*7 *8&
<#"&46$ 2*#06$1> ,/<$#+$810"8>
J$2$#$ *#+$#0*- ,/<"=$:0* %0+, $;:A=>:E@^>GA<9 N"1+ 6"::"8 "4+6":$ "; DH!UO -B>@A=;P ZA==9 @CX;<
&/1<8$* *8& 6/*8"101 08 <*+0$8+1 B9GP<>^; KgSUiLb ^>B= JAB;B
%0+, -02$# &01$*1$ &4$ +" *38"#:*- P> G>= :<>H<;BB =>
08+#*<4-:"8*#/ 2*164-*# &0-*+*+0"8 0"'$
*8& 086#$*1$& <4-:"8*#/ 3-""& ;-"%> O0;;$#$86$ "; 8"8@*-6","-06 ;*++/ -02$# ,;BB :<>^CG;G=
)4-:"8*#/ ,/<$#+$810"8 *#0108. 08 !><=>:E@^>GA<9 &01$*1$ ;#": HUO> Z;A=E<;B >Z
-02$# &01$*1$ *8& <"#+*- ,/<$#+$810"8 ?9:;<=;GBC>G B=;A=>?;:A=C=CB
&4$ +" $=6$1102$ <4-:"8*#/ 2*164-*# J>^:A<;P => ",3
#$:"&$-08.C \-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 %0+, H #*#$ &01$*1$ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *;9; B9GP<>^;
$=$#+0"8*- &/1<8$* *8& 6-43308. "; :06#"2$1064-*# ;*++/ 6,*8.$ 08 +,$
+,$ ;08.$#1> -02$# *8& $86$<,*-"<*+,/C
\-0806*- $8+0+/ +,*+ "664#1 %,$8 6AEGPCJ; :06#"16"</ "; ,$<*+"6$--4-*#
#$+$8+0"8 "; 30-0#4308 -$*&1 +" 1$#4: :0+"6,"8&#0* #$2$*-1 <-$":"#<,06
-$2$-1 "; *+ -$*1+ Q>R@Q>c :.e&U> $8-*#.$:$8+ *8& $-$6+#"8 -46$86/ ";
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 6"854.*+$& $;:A=C=CB AGP CG=<A\ +,$ :*+#06$17 %0+, &01#4<+0"8 ";
,/<$#30-0#4308$:0*> AGP ;O=<A?;:A=CJ 6#01+*$ *8& -"11 "; &$81$ 3"&0$1C
>[B=<EJ=C>G >Z [C@; 6-0806*--/ 141<$6+$& 08 * <$&0*+#06
Z@>F <*+0$8+ %," +""9 H1<0#08 *1
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 486"854.*+$& $;^>@9BCB *8+0</#$+06 ;"# * 20#*- 08;$6+0"8>
,/<$#30-0#4308$:0*> -G?;<C=;P ^;=A[>@CJ PCB;AB;B
$;:A=C=CP;B F#0*& "; :06#"8"&4-*# 60##,"1017 $;<;PC=A<9
D"+$' )-$*1$ 1+4&/ F*3-$ Sc@c "; I"33081 Y*106 )*+,"-"./7 j+, &0*3$+$1 :$--0+41 *8& *38"#:*- 1908 $;^>J?<>^A=>BCB
$& <> TSZ7 "# F*3-$ So@Z "; I"33081 *8& \"+#*8 )*+,"-".06 <0.:$8+*+0"8C :*08 <*+,"-"./ 01
Y*101 "; O01$*1$7 j+, $& <> oZT7 ;"# +,$ &$+*0-$& :"#<,"-".0$1 "; $=+$8102$ *664:4-*+0"8 "; 3"&/ 0#"8
*64+$ *8& 6,#"806 ,$<*+0+0&$1> 08 +,$ -02$#7 <*86#$*1 *8& ,$*#+C :"1+
F,$ :*08 &0;;$#$86$1 08 :"#<,"-"./  "JE=; ?;:A=C=CP;B 6"::"8 ;"#: 01 *4+"1":*- #$6$1102$7
"; *64+$ *8& 6,#"806 ,$<*+0+0&$1> ?AX; @;BB 082"-208. :4+*+0"81 08 _!M .$8$ 08
CGZ@A^^A=C>G AGP \,#":"1":$ TC *11"60*+$& %0+, QRR@
^><; ?;:A=>J9=; ;"-& 086#$*1$& #019 "; _\\>
P;A=? =?AG J?<>GCJ M=+$8102$ *664:4-*+0"8 "; +"=06 -$2$-1 8C@B>G PCB;AB;
?;:A=C=CB "; \"<<$# 08 +,$ -02$#7 3#*08 *8& $/$C K$;:A=>@;G=CJE@A<
m,06, 20#41 3$+%$$8 _Yb *8& _\b 01 $2a K^>B= JAB;B >Z AL*/1$#@!-$016,$# #08.1BC *4+"1":*- P;H;G;<A=C>GL
:"#$ *11"60*+$& %0+, ,$<*+"6$--4-*# AJE=; $+a CGZ;J=C>G #$6$1102$C :*08 <*+,"-"./ 01 -"11 ";
6*#608":*n :<;B;G= FC=? ;486+0"8 :4+*+0"81 08 HF)PY .$8$ 08
BE[J@CGCJA@ PCB;AB; \,#":"1":$ SZ
AGP A@@ >Z =?;^ H4+"1":*- #$6$1102$ &01"#&$# k\T\AG=C=<9:BCG
<;J>X;<L 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ <*8*608*# P;ZCJC;GJ9
N"#<,"-".06 *<<$*#*86$ "; 6,#"806 /<>EGP H@ABB $:<,/1$:* *8& -02$# &01$*1$
_$<*+0+01 Y 08;$6+0"8> ?;:A=>J9=;B 1$6"8&*#/ +" *664:4-*+0"8 ";
N"#<,"-".06 *<<$*#*86$ "; 6,#"806 ,9^:?>CP Z>@@CJ@;B5 :01;"-&$& <#"+$081C ,01+"-".06*--/
_$<*+0+01 \ 08;$6+0"8> [C@; PEJ= CG`E<9 AGP :*#9$& 3/ )HJ@<"10+02$7 &0*1+*1$@
B=;A=>BCB #$101+*8+7 6/+"<-*1:06 086-410"817
_$<*+0+01 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ $*#-/  "E=>C^^EG; 6"##$1<"8&08. +" :4+*8+ HHFC
&$2$-"<:$8+ "; 16*##08. *;+$# +,$ ?;:A=C=CB *11"60*+$& %0+, 086#$*1$& #019 "; _\\>
080+0*- %*2$ "; ,$<*+"6/+$ 0854#/ 2?>@;B=A=CJ @CX;< PCB;AB;B
A2$#141 20#*- ,$<*+0+0&$1 %,$#$ N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; -*#.$ 30-$ &46+ /A@@B=>G;B5 [C@CA<9
16*##08. 414*--/ ,*<<$81 /$*#1 *;+$# "31+#46+0"8 08 *&4-+17 *8& 6,0-&#$87 A=<;BCA
+,$ 080+0*- 0814-+BC *11"60*+$& %0+, #$1<$6+02$-/>
6"8;-4$8+ 8$6#"1017 :*#9$& J$6"8&*#/ 3*6+$#0*- 08;$6+0"8 ";  "BJ;GPCGH
08;-*::*+0"87 <-*1:* 6$-- 08;0-+#*+$7 30-0*#/ +#$$C 6-0806*--/ +/<0;0$& 3/ J?>@AGHC=CB
*8& 34#8$&@"4+ 60##,"101C ,*1 +%" \,*#6"+ +#0*&' S> ;$2$#7 Q> 5*48&06$7
+/<$1' F/<$ S A08 *&4-+1C *11"60*+$& *8& Z> IXt <*08>
%0+, HDH *8& *8+0@JNHBC *8& F/<$ Q ?8+#$,$<*+06 .*--1+"8$ ;"#:*+0"8 !<C^A<9
A08 6,0-&#$8C *11"60*+$& 0+,$ H8+0@ A6*-604: 30-0#4308*+$B &4$ +" ?;:A=>@C=?CABCB
ULNSB> #$<$*+$& 3"4+1 "; *16$8&08.
N"1+ 6"::"8 &#4. 6*4108. HU!>  "J;=A^CG>:?;G 6,"-*8.0+01 *8& <*#$86,/:*-
N"1+ 6"::"8 1431+*86$ 6*4108. \U!>  "@J>?>@ &$1+#46+0"8C *11"60*+$& %0+,
 "@J>?>@CJ AGP 0>G\A@J>?>@CJ ZA==9 @CX;< PCB;AB; 086#$*1$& #019 "; 6,"-*8.0"6*#608":*>
H:"48+ "; *-6","- *11"60*+$& %0+, SU HQP
&$2$-"<:$8+ "; HUO> )#"-"8.$& 6"854.*+$& 0;>GA=A@ J?>@;B=ABCB
U02$# $8G/:$ <*++$#8 480[4$ +" HUO>  "'# g ",# ,/<$#30-0#4308$:0* 08 +,$ 8$"8*+$C
F,#$$ :"#<,"-".06*- ;"#:1 "; $;:A=>J;@@E@A< 6*8 $0+,$# 3$ 6*41$& 3/ $=+#*,$<*+06
*-6","-06 -02$# &01$*1$> B=;A=>BCBb "@J>?>@CJ 30-0*#/ *+#$10* A6*8 3$ 6"##$6+$& %0+,
'=;A=>?;:A=C=CBb AGP 14#.$#/B7 "# 8$"8*+*- ,$<*+0+01
'=;A=>ZC[<>BCB A,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/
_$<*+"6/+$ 3*--""808.7 $"108"<,0-06  "@J>?>@CJ :4-+0846-$*+$& .0*8+ 6$--17 *8& 6*88"+
08+*#6/+"<-*1:06 086-410"8 3"&0$1 '=;A=>?;:A=C=CB 3$ 6"##$6+$&7 "# $2$8 %"#1$8$& %0+,
6":<"1$& "; 08+$#:$&0*+$ ;0-*:$8+1 14#.06*- 08+$#2$8+0"8B>
AN*--"#/@O$89 3"&0$1B *8&
8$4+#"<,0-06 08;0-+#*+0"8 *#$
6,*#*6+$#01+06 ";'

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 24 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
\":<-$+$ "# <*#+0*- "31+#46+0"8 "; +,$ )O=<A?;:A=CJ [C@CA<9
-4:$8 "; +,$ $=+#*,$<*+06 30-0*#/ +#$$ A=<;BCA \":<-06*+0"8 "; 6,"-$-0+,0*1017 /A@@B=>G; C@;EB
%0+,08 +,$ ;0#1+ Z :"8+,1 "; -0;$C %,$#$08 * -*#.$ 1+"8$ $#"&$1 &0#$6+-/ K+>EX;<;=
108.-$ :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; &$*+, 08+" *&5*6$8+ 1:*-- 3"%$-> B9GP<>^;L
;#": -02$# &01$*1$ 08 $*#-/ 6,0-&,""&C N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; *64+$  "JE=; JA@JE@>EB
:"1+ 6"::"8 01 <$#08*+*- ;"#:C 6,"-$6/1+0+01> J?>@;J9B=C=CB KRUiL
+#$*+:$8+ "; 6,"06$ 01 L*1*0 F,$ .*--3-*&&$# :*/ 3$ 6"8+#*6+$&7 "; 2?<>GCJ AJA@JE@>EB
<#"6$&4#$> 8"#:*- 10G$7 "# $8-*#.$&C <#$1$86$ "; J?>@;J9B=C=CB
 "E=>C^^EG; J?>@AGHC>:A=?C;B 1+"8$1 08 +,$ *31$86$ "; 08;-*::*+0"8
H 6,#"8067 <#".#$1102$ 6,"-$1+*+06 !<C^A<9 [C@CA<9 01 &0*.8"1+06>
-02$# &01$*1$ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ JC<<?>BCB K!+2L N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; 6,#"806 2?<>GCJ JA@JE@>EB
8"814<<4#*+02$ &$1+#46+0"8 "; 1:*-- 6,"-$6/1+0+01C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ J?>@;J9B=C=CB
+" :$&04:@10G$& 08+#*,$<*+06 30-$ :"8"846-$*#1 08 KY %*--7 %0+, KgRUiL
&46+1C *11"60*+$& %0+, I"6,0+*819/@H16,";; 10841>
*8+0:0+"6,"8&#0*- *8+03"&0$1 01 jRk #E^><B
"; 6*1$1C ,01+"-".06*--/7 6,*#*6+$#0G$& N"1+ 6"::"8 :*-0.8*8+ +4:"# "; +,$ /A@@[@APP;<
3/ &$1+#46+0"8 "; 08+$#-"34-*# 30-$ 30-0*#/ +#*6+C :*/3$ $="<,/+06 A%0+, JA<JCG>^A
&46+1 %0+, -/:<,"<-*1:*6/+06 :*11B "# 08;0-+#*+08. A%0+, +,069$808.
08;0-+#*+0"8 %0+, "# %0+,"4+ "; +,$ %*--C :"#$ 6"::"8BC :"1+
.#*84-":*1 A;-"#0& &46+ -$10"81B> ;#$[4$8+ ,01+"-"./ 01
\,#"806 <#".#$1102$ ;03#"101 *8& !<C^A<9 BJ@;<>BCGH *&$8"6*#608":*>
&$1+#46+0"8 "; $=+#*,$<*+06 *8& J?>@AGHC=CB K!'2L N"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ #019 ;*6+"# ;"# +,$ /A@@B=>G;B
08+#*,$<*+06 30-$ &46+1 "; *-- 10G$1C &$2$-"<:$8+ "; .*--3-*&&$#
<*+6,/ 082"-2$:$8+ .02$1 #01$ +" * 6*#608":*>
3$*&08. *<<$*#*86$ "; &46+1C J$6"8& :"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ 2?>@AGHC>JA<JCG>^A
,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ "80"8@ :*-0.8*8+ +4:"# "; +,$ -02$#C
1908 -$10"8 %0+, *8 *+#"<,06 +434-$ "8 :*-0.8*8+ +4:"# "; 6,"-*8.0"6/+$1C
+,$ 6$8+$# A1:*-- &46+1B "# *64+$ "8 :"#$ 6"::"8 08 $=+#*,$<*+06 30-$
6,#"806 08;-*::*+0"8 A-*#.$ &46+1BC &46+1C :*/ &$2$-"< 08 +,$ ,0-4:
*11"60*+$& %0+, *8 086#$*1$& #019 "; AL-*+1908 +4:"#BC #019 ;*6+"#1 086-4&$'
6,"-*8.0"6*#608":*> DH!UO7 )J\7 ;03#"6/1+06 &01$*1$1 ";
'=<EJ=E<A@ A[G><^A@C=C;B >Z =?; [C@CA<9 =<;; +,$ 30-0*#/ +#$$ A6,"-$&"6*- 6/1+1B7
F#0*& "; 6,"-$&"6,*- 6/1+1> !ACG5 `AEGPCJ;5 *8& 08;$1+*+0"8 "; ?)*0*-37(/ /(020/(/
A[P>^CGA@ ^ABB *8& N&(/4*-37(/ ,(,2--(0(C
,(,2--(0( C :"1+
\,"-$&"6,*- 6/1+1 *8& ;03#"<"-/6/1+06 2?>@AGHC>JA<JCG>^A ;#$[4$8+ ,01+"-"./ 01
&01$*1$1 <#$&01<"1$1 +" +,01 *&$8"6*#608":*>
<*#+064-*# 908& "; 6*86$#>
#E^><B 2$"!#)* TS. #$) !"02*)"'
N"1+ 6"::"8 3$80.8 +4:"# "; +,$ 2AX;<G>EB 7()'#-%0 "0'8)*
-02$#> ?;^AGHC>^A 2>GH;GC=A@ AG>^A@C;B
N"1+ 6"::"8 -02$# +4:"# "; $*#-/ $;:A=>[@AB=>^A m,*+ 01 +,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 6-0806*--/ !AGJ<;A=CJ PCXCBE^
6,0-&,""&> 10.80;06*8+ 6"8.$80+*- *8":*-/ "; +,$
H %$--@&$:*#6*+$& 34+ <""#-/ I>JA@ G>PE@A< <*86#$*1n
$86*<14-*+$& -$10"87 6"8101+08. "; ?9:;<:@ABCA !AGJ<;A=C=CP;B
,/<$#<-*1+06 ,$<*+"6/+$ 8"&4-$1 %0+, I$2$#103-$ <*86#$*+06 <*#$86,/:*-  "JE=; :AGJ<;A=C=CB
* 6$8+#*- ;03#"41 16*#C 6*##0$1 8" #019 0854#/ *11"60*+$& %0+, 08;-*::*+0"8C
;"# :*-0.8*86/> <*+,"-"./ 01 08*<<#"<#0*+$ #$-$*1$
H 3$80.8 +4:"# 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ $;:A=CJ AP;G>^A *8& *6+02*+0"8 "; <*86#$*+06 $8G/:$17
,$<*+"6/+$1 %0+,"4+ <"#+*- +#*6+1 %,06, &$1+#"/ <*86#$*+06 +0114$ *8&
%0+, <#":08$8+ 8$"2*164-*#0G*+0"8C $-060+ *8 *64+$ 08;-*::*+"#/ #$*6+0"8C
,*#3"#1 * #019 ;"# :*-0.8*8+ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ +,$ ;"--"%08.
+#*81;"#:*+0"8> :"#<,"-".06*- 6,*8.$1' S>
F/<$ "; ,$<*+"6$--4-*# *&$8":* %0+, e\JA=;GCG AP;G>^AB :06#"2*164-*# -$*9 *8& $&$:*C Q>
+,$ ,0.,$1+ #019 "; :*-0.8*8+ $8G/:*+06 ;*+ 8$6#"101C Z> *64+$
+#*81;"#:*+0"8> 08;-*::*+0"8C i> &$1+#46+0"8 ";
N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ :*-0.8*8+ $;:A=>J;@@E@A< <*86#$*+06 <*#$86,/:*C *8& c>
+4:"# "; +,$ -02$#C 6"::"8-/ *#01$1 JA<JCG>^A &$1+#46+0"8 "; 3-""& 2$11$-1 *8&
08 +,$ 1$++08. "; 6,#"806 -02$# &01$*1$C 08+$#1+0+0*- ,$:"##,*.$>
:*/ *<<$*# *1 480;"6*-7 :4-+0;"6*- "# N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$1 "; *64+$  "@J>?>@CB^ AGP
&0;;41$-/ 08;0-+#*+02$C %0+, 1+#"8. <*86#$*+0+01> [C@CA<9 =<AJ= PCB;AB;
<#"<$810+/ ;"# 2*164-*# 082*10"8C KSUiL
,01+"-".06*--/7 %$--@&0;;$#$8+0*+$& )#"-"8.$& 08;-*::*+0"8 "; +,$ 2?<>GCJ
-$10"81 :*/ $-*3"#*+$ 30-$ *<<$*#08. <*86#$*1 *11"60*+$& %0+, 0##$2$#103-$ :AGJ<;A=C=CB
*1 .-"34-$1C +4:"# :*#9$# 01 H!)> &$1+#46+0"8 "; $="6#08$ <*#$86,/:*7
N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; ,$:*+".$8"41 ,EGH ;03#"1017 *8&7 08 +,$ -*+$ 1+*.$17 +,$
:$+*1+*1$1 "; _\\> &$1+#46+0"8 "; $8&"6#08$ <*#$86,/:*>
N"1+ 6"::"8 +4:"# 082"-208. +,$ D;=AB=AB;B N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 6,#"806 ,>GH\=;<^ A@J>?>@
-02$#> <*86#$*+0+01> A[EB;
/",,+,"33)* N"#$ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; 6/1+06 &01$*1$ !B;EP>J9B=B
/A@@B=>G;B 08 +,$ <*86#$*1>
N"1+ 6"::"8 +/<$ "; .*--1+"8$1C <*-$ 2?>@;B=;<>@ B=>G;B 0;>:@AB^B
/$--"% 08 6"-"#C #*&0"-46$8+> KSUiL N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; <*86#$*+06 $;AP K:<;B;G=B AB
)0.:$8+ 1+"8$1 &$#02$& ;#": 1+$#0-$ +@AJM :CH^;G= *&$8"6*#608":*> >[B=<EJ=CX;
.*--3-*&&$# 30-$C cR@PRk *#$ B=>G;B `AEGPCJ;L
#*&0"<*[4$> N"1+ 6"::"8 :4+*+$& "86".$8$ 08 N*"'
)0.:$8+ 1+"8$1 &$#02$& ;#": 08;$6+$& +<>FG :CH^;G= <*86#$*+06 *&$8"6*#608":*>
.*--3-*&&$# 30-$C #*&0"-46$8+> B=>G;B N"1+ 6"::"8 :4+*+$& +4:"# :TW

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 25 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
14<<#$11"# .$8$ 08 <*86#$*+06 MN' 480;"#: *8& &0;;41$ $;;*6$:$8+ ";
*&$8"6*#608":* > ;""+ <#"6$11$1 "; +,$ <"&"6/+$1
J+#"8.$1+ $820#"8:$8+*- #019 ;*6+"# '^>MCGH N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 8$<,#"+06 I>JA@ B;H^;G=A@
;"# &$2$-"<08. <*86#$*+06 1/8&#":$ 08 *&4-+1C 082"-2$1 "8-/ H@>^;<E@>BJ@;<>BCB
*&$8"6*#608":*> 1":$ .-":$#4-0 A;"6*-B7 *8& "8-/ * KI'/'L
F%" &01+086+ ;$*+4#$1 "; <*86#$*+06 $CH?@9 CGXABCX; AGP <*#+ "; .-":$#4-41 A1$.:$8+*-B 01
&46+*- *&$8"6*#608":*> CG=;GB; *;;$6+$&C *11"60*+$& %0+, _?b *8&
P;B^>:@ABCA ,$#"08 *341$>
F4:"# :*#9$# ;"# <*86#$*+06 2"TR\R UN' 086#$*1$& :$1*8.0*- :*+#0=7
*&$8"6*#608":*> "3-0+$#*+$& 6*<0--*#/ -4:08*7 *8&
F,$ 414*- 10+$1 "; :$+*1+*1$1 "; ,CX;< AGP @EGHB &$<"10+0"8 $;;*6$:$8+ "; ;""+
<*86#$*+06 *&$8"6*#608":*> <#"6$11$1 "; ,/*-08$ :*11$1
)*#*8$"<-*1+06 1/8&#":$ *11"60*+$& #<>BB;AE B9GP<>^; A,/*-08"101B *8& -0<0& &#"<-$+1>
%0+, <*86#$*+06 *&$8"6*#608":*7 MN'
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ :0.#*+"#/ 14<$#;060*- ?!' 8"81<$60;06 +#*<<08. ";
+,#":3"<,-$30+017 1$6"8&*#/ +" 0::48".-"34-0817 414*--/ ?.N7 *8&
$=<#$110"8 "; <#"@6"*.4-*8+ ;*6+"#1 6":<-$:$8+ 08 +,$ *#$*1 "; ,/*-08"101>
;#": +,$ +4:"# "# 0+1 8$6#"+06 H11"60*+$& %0+, 08;$6+0"81 A_Yb7 D;^[<AG>EB
<#"&46+1> J/<,0-017 J6,01+"1":0*1017 N*-*#0*B7 G;:?<>:A=?9
N*-0.8*8+ 1"-0& +4:"#1 A-48. *8&
2$"!#)* TR. #$) N-30)1 6"-"8B7 JUM7 K"-& *8& N$#64#/7 *8&
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* &#4.1 A)$8060--*:08$7 \*<+"<#0-7
/@>^;<E@A< PCB;AB;B DJH?O1BC
7&01#+*+) 3$%/#"-&F G> E&-(*,#+( @H+*1 /$3-"#01+) I5!3 UN' &0;;41$ +,069$808. "; +,$ 6*<0--*#/
(%/ #&/ )&66 )(3*3 +%/+)(*+%4 46"-&#,6(# 0(*1"6"4$BJ K> %*--
L6+4,#+( (%/ (A"*&-+(J (%/ M> E$0&#*&%3+"% MN' 143$<0+,$-0*- &$<"10+1 *-"8. +,$
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 8$<,#0+06 KYN A1<09$ *8& &":$ *<<$*#*86$BC
 "JE=;
1/8&#":$ 08 6,0-&#$8 $;;*6$:$8+ "; ;""+ <#"6$11$1
!>B=CGZ;J=C>EB
UN' &0;;41$ ,/<$#6$--4-*#0+/ A*-:"1+7 0; K!>B=B=<;:=>J>JJA@L ?!' .#*84-*# &$<"10+1 ";
8"+ *-- .-":$#4-0B /@>^;<E@>G;:?<C=CB 0::48".-"34-081 *8& 6":<-$:$8+
MN' 143$<0+,$-0*- ,4:<1 "8 KYN *-"8. +,$ KYN
K!'"/0L
?!' .#*84-*# &$<"10+1 "; ?.K *8& H11"60*+$& %0+, _Yb7 _\b7 JUM7 *8& D;^[<AG>:<>@CZ;<A
6":<-$:$8+ %0+,08 +,$ 6*<0--*#/ %*--1 08;$6+$& Hb 1,48+1 =CX;
:$1*8.04: UN' F,069$8$& 1<-0+ KYN AF#*: +#*69 H@>^;<E@>G;:?<C=CB
I(0+/6$ 0#"4#&33+%4 46"-&#,6"%&01#+*+3F 3$%/#"-& "< *<<$*#*86$B KD!/0L #9:; -
 0#"4#&33+;& 6"33 "< #&%( 6 <,%)*+"%N )1(#( )*&#+A&/ '$ MN' 143$8&"+,$-0*- $-$6+#"8@&$81$
%&01#+*+) 3$%/#"-& "<*&% H+*1 3&;&#& "6+4,#+(J 1+3*"6"4+) &$<"10+1
1(66-(#O +3 0#&3&%)& "< P)#&3)&%*3QN *1,3 )#&3)&%*+) R7 ?!' ?##$.4-*# .#*84-*# \Z &$<"10+17
%0+, ?.K *8& $*#-/ 6":<-$:$8+
F/<$ "; I)KD *11"60*+$& %0+, *8+0@ *!/0 #9:; -
6":<"8$8+1 A\S[ *8& \iB
KYN *8+03"&0$1C *11"60*+$& %0+,
K""&<*1+4#$ 1/8&#":$ A.-":$#4-*# !"#:$#-/ 6*--$& N)KD F/<$ ??C 3;GB; P;:>BC=
*8& <4-:"8*#/ 082"-2$:$8+BC ;48&*:$8+*- *38"#:*-0+/ 01 $=6$1102$ PCB;AB;
48082"-2$& 1$.:$8+1 1,"%1 8" 6":<-$:$8+ *6+02*+0"8
<#"-0;$#*+0"8 UN' F,069$8$& 1<-0+ KYN AF#*: +#*69
MN' #4<+4#$1 08 +,$ KYN *<<$*#*86$B
?!' -08$*# ?.K *8& \Z &$<"10+1 *-"8. MN' -*:08* &$81* *8& .-":$#4-*#
+,$ KYN 6*<0--*#/ %*-- +#*81;"#:$& 08+"
0##$.4-*#7 #033"8@-09$7 $=+#$:$-/
F/<$ "; I)KD *11"60*+$& %0+, *!/0 #9:; --
$-$6+#"8@&$81$ 1+#46+4#$
0::48$ 6":<-$= &$<"10+0"8C 414*--/ *
?!' ?##$.4-*# 6,489/ *8& 1$.:$8+*-
1$6"8&*#/ $2$8+ "; 0::48$ 6":<-$=@
-08$*# ;"60 "; \Z &$<"10+1 08 KYN *8&
:$&0*+$& 8$<,#0+0&$1C 48082"-2$&
:$1*8.04:7 %0+,"4+ ?.K *8& $*#-/
1$.:$8+ 1,"%1 0::48$ 6":<-$=
6":<-$:$8+ 6":<"8$8+1 A\S[ *8&
&$<"10+0"8
\iB
MN' ]-4:</ 34:</^ *<<$*#*86$ ";
KYN A&4$ +" &$<"10+1B -B>@A=;P H@>^;<E@A< A[G><^A@C=C;B
?!' .#*84-*# &$<"10+0"8 "; ?. *8& E8$ "; +,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$1 "; -H" G;:?<>:A=?9
6":<-$:$8+ 08 KYN #$64##$8+ :06#"16"<06 "# .#"11 K+;<H;< PCB;AB;L
F/<$ "; I)KD *11"60*+$& %0+, HD\HC ,$:*+4#0*C :"1+ 6"::"8 .-":$#4-*# 0>=;. +;<H;<
*!/0 #9:; ---
1":$+0:$1 * 6":<"8$8+ "; HD\H &01$*1$ #$2$*-$& 3/ #$8*- 30"<1/ PCB;AB; AGP
2*164-0+0&$1 AN06#"16"<06 <"-/*8.00+01 %"#-&%0&$> $;G>J?\'J?>G@;CG
*8& m$.$8$# .#*84-":*+"101BC UN' :$1*8.0*- %0&$808. *8& :E<:E<A ?AX; =?;
48082"-2$& 1$.:$8+1 1,"%1 8" 1$.:$8+*- 08;-*::*+0"8 BA^ <;GA@
<#"-0;$#*+0"8 MN' :$1*8.0*- $-$6+#"8@&$81$ ^AGCZ;B=A=C>GB AGP
MN' 8" &$+$6+*3-$ &$<"10+1 &$<"10+1 ^><:?>@>H95 [E=
?!' 8$.*+02$ ;"# ?. *8& 6":<-$:$8+ ?!' :$1*8.0*- &$<"10+0"8 "; ?.H7 ";+$8$'! CGX>@X;B
%0+, \Z *8& <#"<$#&08 *8& 1:*--$# B9B=;^CJ P;:>BC=C>G
H8 0:<"#+*8+ 6*41$ "; MJIOC .#"11-/7 2?<>GCJ
*:"48+1 "; ?.K "# ?.N >Z -H"5 ?AB
90&8$/1 *#$ 1/::$+#06*--/ 6"8+#*6+$&7 H@>^;<E@>G;:?<C=CB
;O=<A<;GA@
14#;*6$1 *#$ #$&@3#"%8 *8& &0;;41$-/
B9^:=>^B
.#*84-*#C ,01+"-".06*--/7 .-":$#4-0 *#$
"3-0+$#*+$& %0+, :*#9$& 08+$#1+0+0*- D$<,#0+01 *11"60*+$& %0+, ,$*#08. *8&  "@:><= B9GP<>^;
;03#"101> 2014*- &$;$6+1C &$;$6+ 08 F/<$ ?b
6"--*.$8 1/8+,$101C f@-089$& &":08*8+
7&01#"*+) 3$%/#"-&F G> :(33+;& 0#"*&+%,#+( @SM>T4U/2J K>
<*++$#8 "; 08,$#0+*86$
E$0"(6',-+%&-+( @VM4U/2BJ M> R&%&#(6+A&/ &/&-(J W>
UN' .-":$#4-"16-$#"1017 2*164-*#
E$0&#6+0+/&-+( (%/ 6+0+/,#+(
16-$#"1017 +434-*# *+#"<,/7 *8&
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 8$<,#"+06 DCGC^A@ J?AGH;
08+$#1+0+0*- ;03#"101
1/8&#":$ 08 6,0-&#$8C #$1<"8102$ +" PCB;AB;Q,C:>CP
MN' +,08 KYN A$*#-/BC 0##$.4-*# ;"60 ";
6"#+06"1+$#"0&1> G;:?<>BCB
KYN +,069$808. "# *++$84*+0"8 A-*+$BC
UN' 8"8$
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 26 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
]3*19$+@%$*2$^ *<<$*#*86$

3CB;AB;B >Z =?; #E[E@;B AGP -G=;<B=C=CE^. H4+"1":*- #$6$1102$C 84:$#"41 1:*-- 2?C@P?>>P
#E[E@>CG=;<B=C=CA@ G;:?<C=CP;B 6/1+1 08 +,$ 6"#+$= *8& :$&4--*7 .0208. !>@9J9B=CJ NCPG;9
\-0806"<*+,"-".06 $8+0+/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$&  "JE=; =E[E@A< +,$ 90&8$/ * a1<"8.$@-09$a 3CB;AB; K"*!N3L
6-0806*--/ 3/ *64+$ #$8*- ;*0-4#$ *8& CG`E<9QG;J<>BCB *<<$*#*86$C 6/1+1 ,*2$ 480;"#:
";+$87 34+ 8"+ 082*#0*3-/7 :"#<,"-".06 643"0&*- $<0+,$-04:C *11"60*+$& %0+,
$20&$86$ "; +434-*# 0854#/7 08 +,$ ;"#: :4-+0<-$ 6/1+1 08 +,$ -02$#C <*+,"-"./
"; 8$6#"101 "; +434-*# $<0+,$-0*- 6$--1C 01 &$;$6+02$ "L#HS7
"L#HS7 %,06, 6"&$1 ;"#
,*1 +%" ;"#:1' 016,$:06 *8& +"=067 ;03#"6/1+08C * <#"+$08 ;"48& 08 60-0* 08
%,06, 2*#/ 08 +$#:1 "; *;;$6+$& +434-*# $<0+,$-0*- 6$--1>
1$.:$8+1 "; +,$ 8$<,#"8 *8& 0;:?<>@C=?CABCB
&01+#034+0"8 "; 8$6#"101> N"1+ 6"::"8 6":<"10+0"8 "; 90&8$/ 2A@JCE^ >OA@A=;
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; *64+$ 90&8$/  "JE=; 1+"8$1> AGPQ>< 2A@JCE^
0854#/C * 6"::"8 14<<4#*+02$ :9;@>G;:?<C=CB :?>B:?A=; KSUiL
08;-*::*+0"8 "; +,$ 90&8$/ *8& #$8*- N"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ 6*41$ "; 90&8$/ 1+"8$ 'E:;<BA=E<A=C>G
<$-201 6*41$& 3/ 3*6+$#0*- 08;$6+0"87 ;"#:*+0"8>
$0+,$# 3/ ,$:*+".$8"41 1<#$*& "# L0&8$/ 1+"8$1 "664##08. 08 <*+0$8+1 '=<EXC=;
+,#"4., *16$8&08. 08;$6+0"8 A:"#$ %0+, *-9*-08$ 4#08$ &4$ +" XF?7 KDAHG;BCE^
6"::"8 *8& :"#$ 0:<"#+*8+ :"&$BC <*#+064-*#-/ "-*42./ ,.):'-(/ *8&
,.):'-(/  *8& A^^>GCE^
<#0860<*- 6*41$1 *#$ K#*:@8$.*+02$ 1+*<,/-"6"660C :"1+ 6"::"8 :?>B:?A=;Lb
$8+$#06 #"&1C .#"11-/7 +,$#$ 01 &016#$+$7 6":<"10+0"8 "; 1+*.,"#8 6*-64-0>
/$--"%01,7 #*01$& *316$11$1 .#"11-/ L0&8$/ 1+"8$1 1$$8 08 <*+0$8+1 %0+, (<CJ AJCP B=>G;B
*<<*#$8+ "8 +,$ #$8*- 14#;*6$C ."4+ *8& -$49$:0*1C 4#08$ <_ 01
,01+"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 -0[4$;*6+02$ &$6#$*1$&C #*&0"-46$8+>
8$6#"101 %0+, *316$11 ;"#:*+0"8 L0&8$/ 1+"8$1 *11"60*+$& %0+, * &$;$6+ 29B=CG; B=>G;B
%0+,08 +,$ #$8*- <*#$86,/:*> 08 +,$ #$8*- +#*81<"#+ "; 6$#+*08 *:08"
_*--:*#9 "; +,01 &01$*1$ 01 16*##08. 2?<>GCJ *60&1C ;"#:1 08 *60&06 4#08$>
082"-208. +,$ <$-201 "# 6*-/6$17 "# :9;@>G;:?<C=CB #E^><B
3"+,7 -$*&08. +" <*<0--*#/ 3-48+08. *8& F4:"#1 &$#02$& ;#": #$8*- +434-*# *;GA@ J;@@
:*#9$& 6*-/6$*- &$;"#:0+0$1C *8 $<0+,$-04:7 -"6*+$& <#0:*#0-/ *+ +,$ JA<JCG>^A K*22L
0:<"#+*8+ 6*41$ "; 6,#"806 90&8$/ 6"#+$=C %0+, +,#$$ 6"::"8 ;"#:17
&01$*1$C ;"#:1 086-4&$' #$;-4= 6-$*# 6$--7 <*<0--*#/ #$8*- 6$-- *8&
8$<,#"<*+,/ A:"#$ 6"::"8B7 *8& 6,#":"<,"3$ 6*#608":*1C :"1+
6,#"806 "31+#46+02$ </$-"8$<,#0+01> 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ :*-0.8*8+ +4:"# ";
J$6"8& :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; *64+$ 3<EH\CGPEJ;P +,$ 90&8$/>
90&8$/ 0854#/C F@6$-- :$&0*+$& CG=;<B=C=CA@ N"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ #019 ;*6+"# ;"# #$8*- '^>MCGH
0::48$ #$*6+0"8 "; +,$ 90&8$/1 +" *8 G;:?<C=CB 6$-- 6*#608":*>
";;$8&08. *.$8+7 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: APR@oRkB "; #$8*- 2@;A< J;@@ *22
08+$#1+0+0*- 08;-*::*+0"87 %0+, 6$-- 6*#608":* *8& *11"60*+$& %0+,
*348&*8+ $"108"<,0-1 *8& $&$:*> ,":"G/."41 -"11 "; +,$ b_U +4:"#
aABJE@A< PCB;AB;B 14<<#$11"# .$8$C +,"4.,+ +" *#01$
!"#: "; 8$<,#"16-$#"101 *11"60*+$& 0;:?<>BJ@;<>BCB ;#": <#"=0:*- +434-$ 6$--1C 414*--/
%0+, $11$8+0*- ,/<$#+$810"8C 1"-0+*#/ *8& -*#.$7 1<,$#06*- :*11$1
,01+"-".06*--/7 ,/*-08$ #$*6,08. 4< +" Sc 6: 08 &0*:$+$#C 64+
*#+$#0"-"16-$#"101C #$8*- 0814;;060$86/ 14#;*6$ 1,"%1 /$--"% "#*8.$ +" .#*/@
01 486"::"8 $=6$<+ 08 <*+0$8+1 "; %,0+$ :*11$17 %0+, <#":08$8+ *#$*1
H;#06*8 &$16$8+7 1$2$#$ _)D7 *8& "; 6/1+06 1";+$808. *8& ,$:"##,*.$C
"+,$# &01$*1$1 $>.> ON> 6$--1 *<<$*# 2*64"-*+$& "# :*/ 3$
!"#: "; 8$<,#"16-$#"101 *11"60*+$& DA@CHGAG= 1"-0&C ";+$8 082*&$1 +,$ #$8*- 2$08>
%0+, :*-0.8*8+ ,/<$#+$810"8C G;:?<>BJ@;<>BCB H66"48+1 ;"# SR@Sck "; 6*1$1 "; I\\C !A:C@@A<9 *22
,01+"-".06*--/7 ,/<$#<-*1+06 +,#"4.,+ +" *#01$ ;#": &01+*- +434-$
8$<,#"16-$#"101 *8& ;03#08"0& 6$--1C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 2*#/08.
8$6#"101> &$.#$$1 "; <*<0--* ;"#:*+0"8 %0+,
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$1 "; #$8*- *#+$#/  "=?;<>BJ@;<>BCB AGP ;03#"2*164-*# 6"#$1C 6$--1 ,*2$ 6-$*# +"
1+$8"101> ZC[<>^EBJE@A< <089 6/+"<-*1:C *11"60*+$& %0+,
P9B:@ABCA 086#$*1$& *6+020+/ "; NMF "86".$8$C
D$<,#"8 1$.:$8+1 :"1+ 1416$<+03-$ '?><=b B=<ACH?= +$8&1 +" 3$ 30-*+$#*->
+" 016,$:0*7 *8& +,$#$;"#$7 :"1+ B;H^;G=B >Z !# AGP H66"48+1 ;"# ck "; 6*1$1 "; I\\C 2?<>^>:?>[; *22
*;;$6+$& 08 016,$:06 HFD>  ", ,%$ +,"4.,+ +" *#01$ ;#": 08+$#6*-*+$&
29B=CJ PCB;AB;B >Z =?; MCPG;9 6$--1 "; 6"--$6+08. &46+1C .#"11-/ +*8@
H4+"1":*- &":08*8+C 90&8$/1 *#$  "PE@= !>@9J9B=CJ 3#"%8C :06#"16"<06*--/7 6$--1 ,*2$
$8-*#.$&7 6":<"1$& 1"-$-/ "; 6/1+1 NCPG;9 3CB;AB; 6-$*#7 ;-"664-$8+ 6/+"<-*1: %0+, 2$#/
%0+,"4+ 08+$#2$808. <*#$86,/:*C K"3!N3L <#":08$8+7 &01+086+ 6$-- :$:3#*8$1C
6/1+1 *#$ ;0--$& %0+, 6-$*# "# +4#30& 846-$0 14##"48&$& 3/ ,*-"1 "; 6-$*#$&
;-40&C 6/1+1 :*/ *#01$ *+ *8/ -$2$- "; 6/+"<-*1:>
+,$ 8$<,#"87 %0+, 2*#0*3-$7 ";+$8 N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; :$+*1+*1$1 "; ,EGHB KgdUiL5
*+#"<,06 -0808.C <*+,"-"./ 01 &$;$6+02$ I\\> Z>@@>F;P [9 [>G;B
.$8$ "LHS7
"LHS7 %,06, 6"&$1 ;"# KVViL
<"-/6/1+08@SC * <#"+$08 +,*+ 01
082"-2$& 08 6$--@6$-- "# 6$--@:*+#0=
*&,$10"8C :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ ";
&$*+,' \HO "# __O AiRkB>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 27 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
2$"!#)* ]U. #$) ,%8)* (*-0"*1 #*"2# "03 D",) ?--@&$;08$& 082*102$ :*11$1 %0+, ;"60 )^[<9>GA@
/)0-#", '1'#)D "; 8$6#"101 *8& ,$:"##,*.$C U*#.$ JA<JCG>^A
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* *8& <#0:0+02$@-""908. %0+, 08&01+086+
!;GCB 6$-- 3"#&$#17 -*#.$ 846-$07 *8&
H8 *38"#:*- "<$808. "; +,$ 4#$+,#* $9:>B:APCA K^><; 3*1"<,0-06 6/+"<-*1:C 8$.*+02$ ;"#
*-"8. +,$ 2$8+#*- "# &"#1*- *1<$6+ "; J>^^>GLb +4:"# :*#9$#1>
+,$ <$8017 #$1<$6+02$-/> ;:CB:APCA N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ +$1+064-*# 1>@M BAJ
?8;-*::*+0"8 "; +,$ .-*81 *8& "; +A@AGC=CBb 8$"<-*1: 08 6,0-&#$8 /"48.$# +,*8 Z =E^><Q)GP>P;<^A@
"2$#-/08. <#$<46$7 #$1<$6+02$-/C 6*41$ [A@AG>:>B=?C=CB /$*#1 "; *.$C ,01+"-".06*--/7 -"% BCGEB
3/ P'-902-2))'7
P'-902-2))'7 ?'09(9'7
?'09(9'7 *8*$#"306 643"0&*- +" 6"-4:8*# $<0+,$-0*- 6$--1 =E^><Q-GZAG=C@;
*8& </".$806 3*6+$#0*> ;"#:08. :06#"6/1+17 1,$$+17 .-*8&17 ;^[<9>GA@
H<<$*#1 .#"11-/ *1 * 1"-0+*#/7 <-*[4$@ +>F;G *8& <*<0--*$7 ";+$8 *11"60*+$& %0+, JA<JCG>^A
-09$ -$10"8 "8 +,$ 1,*;+ "; +,$ <$801C PCB;AB;Q'YEA^>EB $"108"<,0-06 ,/*-08$ .-"34-$1C
,01+"-".06 $=*:08*+0"8 #$2$*-1 J;@@ JA<JCG>^A CG .-":$#4-0@-09$ 1+#46+4#$1 AJ6,0--$#@
:"#<,"-".06*--/ :*-0.8*8+ 6$--1 BC=E >Z =?; :;GCB O42*-- 3"&0$1B *#$ <#$1$8+C +4:"#
+,#"4.,"4+ +,$ $<0&$#:01 %0+, 8" :*#9$# 01 H!)>
082*10"8 "; +,$ 48&$#-/08. 1+#":*C H ,0.,-/ *..#$1102$ +4:"# "; +,$ 2?><C>JA<JCG>^A
,*1 <"+$8+0*- ;"# :*-0.8*8+ +#"<,"3-*1+06 -08$*.$C .#"11-/
+#*81;"#:*+0"8> <#$1$8+1 *1 1:*--7 8"8<*-<*3-$
E664#1 08 /"48.7 1$=4*--/ *6+02$ +>F;G>CP :A:E@>BCB :*11$1 34+ %0+, $=+$8102$ 1/1+$:06
:*-$1C ,01+"-".06*--/ 0&$8+06*- +" :$+*1+*1$1C ,01+"-".06*--/
Y"%$8 &01$*1$C <#$1$8+1 %0+, 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ <#$1$86$ ";
:4-+0<-$ #$&&01, 3#"%8 <*<4-$1 "8 6/+"+#"<,"3-*1+1 A1:*-- 643"0&*-
+,$ .-*81 *8& 01 :"1+ ";+$8 +#*810$8+C 6$--1B *8& 1/86/+0"+#"<,"3-*1+1
20#+4*--/ 8$2$# <#".#$11$1 +" A-*#.$7 $"1808"<,0-06 1/86/+0*- 6$--17
6*#608":* 08 0::48"6":<$+$8+ 6"8+*0808. :4-+0<-$ &*#9 <-$":"#<,06
<*+0$8+1> 846-$0BC %0+,"4+ 20--41 ;"#:*+0"8C
H<<$*#1 *1 * .#*/7 6#41+$&7 <*<4-*# 'YEA^>EB J;@@ +4:"# :*#9$# 01 _\K>
-$10"87 :"1+ 6"::"8-/ "8 +,$ .-*81 JA<JCG>^A >Z =?; F0114$1 ;#": *-- +,#$$ .$#:@6$-- #;<A=>^A
<$801 "# <#$<46$7 %,06, 08;0-+#*+$1 +,$ :;GCB -*/$#1 %0+, 2*#/08. &$.#$$1 ";
48&$#-/08. 6"88$6+02$ +0114$ +" &0;;$#$8+0*+0"8C 6*8 6"8+*08 ;4--/
<#"&46$ *8 08&4#*+$&7 4-6$#*+$& &0;;$#$8+0*+$& +0114$1 ;#": "8$ "#
-$10"8 %0+, 0##$.4-*# :*#.081C :"#$ .$#: 6$-- -*/$#1 A$>.>7 8$4#*-
,01+"-".06*--/ 10:0-*# +" Y"%$8 +0114$7 6*#+0-*.$7 *&0<"1$ +0114$7 3"8$7
&01$*1$ 34+ %0+, 08;0-+#*+0"8 "; +,$ $<0+,$-04:B 08 * ,*<,*G*#& *##*/
48&$#-/08. 1+#":*> A:*+4#$BC "# 0::*+4#$ 1":*+06
'J<>=E^5 #;B=CB AGP ):CPCP9^CB $-$:$8+1 #$:08016$8+ "; +,"1$ 08
I$<#$1$8+1 ;*0-4#$ "; +$1+064-*# 2<9:=><J?CPCB^ &$2$-"<08. ;$+*- +0114$ A0::*+4#$B>
&$16$8+ 08+" +,$ 16#"+4:7 %,06, F,$ :"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ <#$&06+"# ";  "H; KA@@ =;<A=>^AB
082"-2$1 +,$ #0.,+ +$1+01 :"#$ 30"-".06 3$,*20"# 08 +$1+064-*# CG :>B=:E[;<=A@
6"::"8-/ +,*8 +,$ -$;+C 6*41$1 +$#*+":*1> ^A@;B A<; <;HA<P;P
086#$*1$& #019 "; 1+$#0-0+/ *8& AB ^A@CHGAG=L
&$2$-"<:$8+ "; +$1+064-*# 6*86$#C D"8@.$#: 6$-- :*-0.8*86/ *#0108. 08 * #;<A=>^A FC=?
:"1+ 6"::"8 <,*1$ "; *##$1+' +$#*+":*C :*-0.8*8+ 6":<"8$8+ 01 ^A@CHGAG=
08.408"16#"+*- Ai@P+, :"8+, HEKB> 6,$:"#$101+*8+C 414*- 6*86$#1 086-4&$ =<AGBZ><^A=C>G
?8;-*::*+"#/ &01"#&$#1 :"1+ ):CPCP9^CB J\\H7 :4608@1$6#$+08. *&$8"\H7
6"::"8-/ *;;$6+' +$1+01 "# 1*#6":*B>
$<0&0&/:01n \-4$' K"8"##,$* *8& FY N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; +$1+064-*# #;B=CJE@A<
414*--/ *;;$6+ +,01 "#.*8 ;0#1+> 8$"<-*1: 08 :$8 r TR /$*#1 "; *.$C @9^:?>^A
F4:"#1 :"1+ 6"::"8-/ 082"-2$' #;B=CB :"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: 01 OUY\UC %0+,
+$1+01 "# $<0&0&/:01n \-4$' J/<,0-01 ,0.,$# #*+$ "; \DJ 082"-2$:$8+ +,*8
414*--/ *;;$6+1 +,01 "#.*8 ;0#1+> +4:"#1 *#0108. 08 "+,$# *#$*1>
E8$ "; +,$ ;$% +#4$ 4#"-".06 #;B=CJE@A< =><BC>G !<>B=A=;
$:$#.$860$17 %,06, 082"-2$1 +%01+08. N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; <#"1+*+0+01> 2?<>GCJ A[AJ=;<CA@
"; 1<$#:*+06 6"#&7 %,06, 6*8 :<>B=A=C=CB
4-+0:*+$-/ -$*& +" ,$:"##,*.06 \":<"1$& "; <#"-0;$#*+08. <#"1+*+06 0>PE@A< !<>B=A=CJ
08;*#6+0"8 "; +,$ +$1+01C ."-&$8 <$#0"& .-*8&4-*# $-$:$8+1 *8& $9:;<:@ABCAQ+;GCHG
;"# 08+$#2$8+0"8 01 T ,"4#1> ;03#":4164-*# 1+#":* +,*+ ;"#: !<>B=A=CJ
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; <*08-$11 #;B=CJE@A< =E^><B 8"&4-$1 +,#"4., 6"88$6+02$ +0114$ $9:;<:@ABCA
+$1+064-*# $8-*#.$:$8+> 1$<+*C +,$ .-*8&4-*# -4:08* ";+$8
#;B=CJE@A< G;>:@AB^B 6"8+*08 081<011*+$&7 <#"+$08*6$"41
N*08 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 30"-".06 /;<^ J;@@ =E^><B 1$6#$+"#/ :*+$#0*-7 +$#:$& 6"#<"#*
3$,*20"# "; +$1+064-*# .$#: 6$-- *8& A<; EBEA@@9 *:/-*6$*C 1+0:4-41 ;"# <#"-0;$#*+0"8 01
1$= 6"#&@1+#":*- +4:"#1> AHH<;BBCX;b B;O 086#$*1$& 60#64-*+08. *8&#".$81
J><P\B=<>^A@ A&0,/&#"+$1+"1+$#"8$BC :"1+
=E^><B A<; EBEA@@9 6"::"8-/ "664#1 01 +,$ +#*810+0"8
[;GCHG G"8$>
N"1+ 6"::"8 .$#: 6$-- +4:"#C ';^CG>^A K2@ABBCJL N\ 6*86$# 08 :$8C :"1+ 6"::"8-/ !<>B=A=CJ
\":<"1$& "; 1,$$+1 "; -*#.$7 480;"#: "664#1 08 +,$ <$#0<,$#*- G"8$C .#"11-/7  "P;G>JA<JCG>^A
6$--1 %0+, &01+086+ 6$-- 3"#&$#17 6-$*#7 0>=;. I;^A@; :*/ *<<$*# *1 ;0#: .#*/@%,0+$
.-/6".$8@#06, 6/+"<-*1:7 *8& #"48& J>EG=;<:A<= CB -$10"81 %0+, 0--@&$;08$& :*#.081
846-$0 %0+, 6"81<064"41 846-$"-0> F,$ 39BH;<^CG>^A 082*&08. +,$ .-*8&C ,01+"-".06*--/7
6$--1 *#$ ";+$8 *##*/$& 08 1:*-- :*/ ;"#: .-*8&@-09$ 1+#46+4#$1
-"34-$1 %0+, 08+$#2$808. ;03#"41 1$<+* %0+,"4+ 3*1*- 6$-- -*/$#7 *<<$*#1
08;0-+#*+$& %0+, -/:<,"6/+$1C Sck 6#"%&$&7 *8& %0+,"4+ 3#*86,08. *8&
,*2$ 086#$*1$& ,\K &4$ +" <#$1$86$ <*<0--*#/ 08;"-&08.1C +4:"# :*#9$# 01
"; 1/86/+0"+#"<,"3-*1+1C +4:"#1 )JH +,*+ 01 41$& ;"# *&5486+ ;"#
:*#9$#1 *#$ \OSSP A6@90+B *8& )UH)> 16#$$808. *8& 14#2$0--*86$>
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 28 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
K#*&08. 1/1+$:1 41$& 08 <#"1+*+06 /@;AB>G AGP 8$%
*&$8"6*#608":*> H<>E: H<AP; B9B=;^ \-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 *1 $6G$:*+"0& aE@XA< !AH;= PCB;AB;
(<;=;<5 +@APP;< AGP (<;=?<A -$10"8 "8 +,$ 24-2*C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; (<;=;<>:;@XCJ <#"-0;$#*+0"8 "; :*-0.8*8+ $<0+,$-0*-
,/&#"8$<,#"101 08 6,0-&#$8> `EGJ=C>G 6$--1 %0+,08 +,$ $<0&$#:01C 414*--/
>[B=<EJ=C>G 8"+ *11"60*+$& %0+, 48&$#-/08.
N"1+ 6"::"8 *8& :"1+ 1$#0"41 a;BCJ>E<;=;<A@ 6*#608":*7 48-09$ 0+1 3#$*1+
6"8.$80+*- *8":*-/ "; +,$ 4#08*#/ <;Z@EO 6"48+$#<*#+C )HJ@<"10+02$ A<"10+02$
3-*&&$#7 &4$ +" <#$&01<"10+0"8 +" ;"# :4608B7 48-09$ 24-2*# :$-*8":*>
08;$6+0"8 *8& 16*##08.> aAHCGA
Y-*&&$# $=1+#"<,/7 *8& 4#*6,*- +@APP;< N"1+ 6"::"8 ,01+"-"./ "; 2*.08*- 'YEA^>EB J;@@
*8":*-0$1 <#$&01<"1$ <*+0$8+1 08+" AP;G>JA<JCG>^A 6*#608":*> JA<JCG>^A
%,*+ ,01+"-".06 +/<$ "; 3-*&&$# H 1";+ <"-/<"0& :*117 %,06, 01 * #*#$ 'A<J>^A [>=<9>CP;B
6*86$#n ;"#: "; <#0:*#/ 2*.08*- 6*86$#C K)^[<9>GA@
N"1+ 6"::"8 <#$1$8+*+0"8 "; !ACG@;BB ?;^A=E<CA X14*--/ $86"48+$#$& 08 08;*8+1 *8& <?A[P>^9>BA<J>^AL
3-*&&$# 6*86$#> 6,0-&#$8 -$11 +,*8 c /e">
N"1+ 6"::"8 +/<$ "; 3-*&&$# 6*86$#C (<>=?;@CA@ \"8&0+0"8 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ H#$*1 "; aAHCGA@ AP;G>BCB
,*1 +%" <#$:*-0.8*8+ -$10"81' S> K#<AGBC=C>GA@ J;@@L 6"-4:8*# :4608"41 $<0+,$-04:
D"8082*102$ <*<0--*#/ +4:"#C *8& Q> JA<JCG>^A KRUiL A$8&"6$#206*-@-09$BC Zc@jRk ";
!-*+ 8"8082*102$ 6*#608":* A\?JBC <*+0$8+1 %0+, 08 4+$#" $=<"14#$ +"
*11"60*+$& %0+, 60.*#$++$ 1:"908. OMJC *11"60*+$& %0+, 6-$*# 6$-- \H ";
*8& "664<*+0"8*- 6*#608".$81> 2*.08*>
\4##$8+ *&2*86$:$8+ 08 +,$ +AJC@@;\2A@^;==;\ 2;<XCO
+#$*+:$8+ "; 8"8@082*102$ 4#"+,$-0*- /E;<CG K+2/L )#$:*-0.8*8+ -$10"8 "; +,$ 6$#20=C 2;<XCJA@
6*#608":*1C *-1" * 2*6608$ +,*+ 01 <*#+ 6*8 3$ -"%@.#*&$ A?C wSeZ "; +,$ CG=<A;:C=?;@CA@
"; M)?7 34+ 01 *&:0801+$#$& $8+0#$ $<0+,$-04:B7 :"&$#*+$ A??C 4< G;>:@ABCA K2-0L
08+#*2$106*--/> +" QeZ "; +,$ $8+0#$ $<0+,$-04:B7 *8&
_01+"-".06 +/<$ "; 3-*&&$# 6*86$# 'YEA^>EB J;@@ 1$2$#$ A??? "# \?JC ;4--@+,0698$11 ";
*11"60*+$& %0+, >37(/4*/*+' JA<JCG>^A $<0+,$-04: %0+,"4+ 082*10"8 "; +,$
7'2+'4*;(.+ 08;$6+0"8>
7'2+'4*;(.+ 08;$6+0"8> 3*1$:$8+ :$:3#*8$B>
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 4#08*#/ 0>PE@A< :<>B=A=CJ H8"+,$# +$#: ;"# \?D ? 08 +,$ #$6$8+ ,>F\H<AP;
3-*&&$# "31+#46+0"8 08 :*-$1 *8& ?9:;<:@ABCA5 +%"@+0$#$& 6-*110;06*+0"8 1/1+$:C BYEA^>EB
;$:*-$17 #$1<$6+02$-/> J9B=>J;@; #$.#$11$1 08 TRk "; 6*1$1> CG=<A;:C=?;@CA@
\,*8.$1 +,*+ "664# 08 +,$ 3-*&&$# #?CJM;GCGH >Z FA@@5 @;BC>G K,'-,L
%0+, "31+#46+0"8> #<A[;JE@A=C>GB5 AGP H8"+,$# +$#: ;"# \?D ?? *8& ??? 08 +,$ $CH?\H<AP;
3CX;<=CJE@A #$6$8+ +%"@+0$#$& 6-*110;06*+0"8 BYEA^>EB
1/1+$:C <$#101+1 08 TRk "; 6*1$17 CG=<A;:C=?;@CA@
2$"!#)* ]T. #$) I)D",) /)0-#", #*"2# %0+, SRk "; 6*1$1 <#".#$1108. +" @;BC>G K$'-,L
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* 6*#608":* %0+,08 SR /$*#1>
I)D",) /)0-#", #*"2# _0.,@#019 _)b 0:<-06*+$& 08 +,$ $!a TW5 TS5 VT AGP
aE@XA &$2$-"<:$8+ "; 6$#206*- 6*#608":*> VV
\/1+06 &0-*+0"8 "; +,$ Y*#+,"-08 .-*8& +A<=?>@CG J9B= b0#*- "86"<#"+$08 #$1<"8103-$ ;"# )d
&4$ +" &46+ "31+#46+0"8C :*/ 3$ 9"0-"6/+06 *+/<0* 08 _)b@08;$6+$&
08;$6+$& *8& :*/ -$*& +" *316$11 6$--1>
;"#:*+0"8C "664##$86$ 08 %":$8 riR _)b 20#*- .$8$ <#"&46+1 +,*+ )W KCGAJ=CXA=;B :dVL
/$*#1 "-& #$[40#$1 30"<1/ +" #4-$ "4+ <#":"+$ +4:"#0.$8$101 *8& +,$ )j KCGAJ=CXA=;B *[L
6*#608":*> +4:"# 14<<#$11"# .$8$1 +,$/
U$10"8 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ +,08808. "; ,CJ?;G BJ@;<>BEB 08*6+02*+$>
+,$ $<0&$#:017 3*1*- 6$-- N"1+ 6"::"8-/ &$2$-"<1 08 +,$ -GXABCX; JAGJ;< >Z
&$.$8$#*+0"87 ,/<$#9$#*+"1017 +#*81;"#:*+0"8 G"8$ "; +,$ 6$#20=C =?; J;<XCO
16-$#"+06 6,*8.$1 "; 14<$#;060*- <#"&46$1 * a3*##$- 6$#20=a 0; +,$
&$#:017 &$#:*- -/:<,"6/+06 +4:"# $860#6-$1 +,$ 6$#20= *8&
08;0-+#*+$C 8"+ <#$:*-0.8*8+7 34+ 082*&$1 +,$ 48&$#-/08. 1+#":*C :"1+
1/:<+":*+06 ;"#: ,*1 086#$*1$& #019 6"::"8 ,01+"-"./ 01 1[4*:"41 6$--
"; 24-2*# 6*86$#> 6*#608":* AoRkB7 ;"--"%$& 3/
U$10"8 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *6*8+,"1017 'YEA^>EB *&$8"6*#608":* ASckB *8&
,/<$#9$#*+"1017 &$#:*- -/:<,"6/+06 ?9:;<:@ABCA 8$4#"$8&"6#08$ 6*#608":* AckBC *--
08;0-+#*+$ %0+, $20&$8+ :0+"101C 8"+ "; +,$ +/<$1 *#$ 6*41$& 3/ _)b>
6"810&$#$& <#$:*-0.8*8+> N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; &$*+, 08 (<;^CA
U$10"81 "; +,$ *8".$80+*- *#$* +,*+ 2>GP9@>^A 6$#206*- 6*86$#>
:*/ 3$ <*<0--*#/ *8& &01+086+-/ AJE^CGA=A +>P9 >Z (=;<EB
$-$2*+$& "# :*/ 3$ 1":$%,*+ ;-*+ N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; &/1;486+0"8*-  "G>XE@A=><9 J9J@;
*8& #4."1$C 6,*#*6+$#01+06 6$--4-*# 4+$#08$ 3-$$&08.>
:"#<,"-"./ 01 +,$ <#$1$86$ "; I$;$#1 +" +,$ .#"%+, "; +,$ 3*1*-  "P;G>^9>BCB
6/+"<-*1:06 2*64"-0G*+0"8 %0+, -*/$# "; +,$ $8&":$+#04: &"%8 +"
846-$*# *8.4-*# <"-/:"#<,01: *8& +,$ :/":$+#04:C 8$1+1 ";
9"0-"6/+06 *+/<0*' ,*--:*#9 "; _)b $8&":$+#0*- 1+#":*7 .-*8&1 "# 3"+,
08;$6+0"8C 8"+ <#$6*86$#"41> *#$ ;"48& 08 +,$ :/":$+#04:7 08
_)b 143+/<$1 *11"60*+$& %0+, $!a W AGP TT 3$+%$$8 :416-$ 348&-$1>
6"8&/-":* *64:08*+*> \,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ +,$ <#$1$86$ "; )GP>^;=<C>BCB
N"1+ 6"::"8 ,01+"-"./ "; 24-2*# 'YEA^>EB J;@@ $8&":$+#0*- .-*8&1 *8& 1+#":* 08 *
6*#608":*> JA<JCG>^A K0>=;. -"6*+0"8 "4+10&$ +,$ :/":$+#04:>
^>B= XE@XA< 2AB A<; M="<,/+06 :*11$1 +,*+ <#"5$6+ 08+" )GP>^;=<CA@ :>@9:
G>G\$!a <;@A=;P $8&":$+#0*- 6*20+/C :*/ 3$ 6-0806*--/
KjUiLL 10-$8+ "# :*/ 6*41$ *38"#:*- 4+$#08$
3-$$&08.>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 29 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/

F4:"# 14<<#$11"# .$8$ 6"::"8-/ !#)0 N4+*+0"81 *11"60*+$& %0+, -"%@.#*&$ N*"'5 +*"I5 )*++]
:4+*+$& 08 *+/<06*- $8&":$+#0"1017 1$#"41 6*#608":*1>
$8&":$+#0*- ,/<$#<-*10* *8& N4+*+0"8 *11"60*+$& %0+, ,0.,@.#*&$ #!dV
$8&":$+#0*- 6*#608":*1C *-1" 1$#"41 6*#608":*1>
:4+*+$& 08 $8&":$+#0"0& *8& 6-$*# N4608@6"8+*0808. 6/1+06 :*11$1C 6*8 DEJCG>EB =E^><B
6$-- 6*#608":*1 "; +,$ "2*#/> 3$ 3$80.8 "# :*-0.8*8+7 34+ :"1+ ";
)#$64#1"# -$10"8 "; $8&":$+#0*- )GP>^;=<CA@ +,$: *#$ 3$80.8C +$8& +" 3$ -*#.$#7
6*#608":* 1$6"8&*#/ +" <#"-"8.$& ?9:;<:@ABCA :4-+06/1+06 *8& 480-*+$#*-C 6*8
*8& :*#9$& 086#$*1$& $1+#".$8 +" #4<+4#$ 08+" +,$ <$#0+"8$4: *8&
<#".$1+08 #*+0"C 6*8 3$ 10:<-$ "# <#"&46$ :4608"41 *160+$1
6":<-$=7 %0+, "# %0+,"4+ *+/<0*> A<1$4&":/=":* <$#0+"8$0B>
H+/<06*- ,/<$#<-*10* 01 8"% *-1" N"1+ 6"8101+$8+ :4+*+0"8 08 N*"'
6*--$& $8&":$+#0*- 08+#*$<0+,$-0*- :4608"41 +4:"#1>
8$"<-*10* AM?DB> F4:"#1 *#$ 414*--/ :*-0.8*8+C Sc@ )GP>^;=<C>CP
N"1+ 6"::"8 :*-0.8*86/ "; +,$ )GP>^;=<CA@ QRk 6"$=01+ %0+, $8&":$+#0"101C =E^><B
;$:*-$ .$80+*- +#*6+> JA<JCG>^A ,01+"-".06 ,*--:*#9 01 <#$1$86$ ";
N"1+ 6"::"8 ,01+"-"./ "; )GP>^;=<C>CP +434-*# .-*8&1 #$1$:3-08. 3$80.8 "#
$8&":$+#0*- 6*#608":* ;"48& 08 oRk JA<JCG>^A K#9:; -L :*-0.8*8+ $8&":$+#04:>
"; 6*1$1C *11"60*+$& %0+, *+/<06*- N$+*1+*+06 :4608"41 N<EM;G[;<H =E^><
,/<$#<-*10*C :*/3$ $="<,/+06 "# *&$8"6*#608":* "; +,$ "2*#/ ;#": *
08;0-+#*+02$C ,01+"-".06*--/ #$1$:3-$1 .*1+#"08+$1+08*- <#0:*#/C ";+$8
$8&":$+#0*- .-*8&1 +" 1"-0& 1,$$+17 <#"&46$1 30-*+$#*- "2*#0*8 :*11$1>
&$<$8&08. "8 &0;;$#$8+0*+0"8C -"%@ \/1+067 -08$& 3/ 1908@-09$ 1+#46+4#$1C DA=E<; =;<A=>^A
.#*&$ 846-$0 01 * 414*- ;$*+4#$> 414*--/ "664# 08 #$<#"&46+02$ *.$
H66"48+1 ;"# Sck "; 6*1$1 "; ';<>EB JA<JCG>^A %":$8C ,01+"-".06*--/7 &$#02*+02$1
$8&":$+#0*- 6*#608":*C ;"#:1 1:*-- K#9:; --L ;#": :"#$ +,*8 "8$ .$#: -*/$# 6*8
+4;+1 *8& <*<0--*$ %0+, ,0., 846-$*# 3$ 1$$8C .$8$#*--/ 3$80.8>
.#*&$> J"-0& :*11$1 +,*+ 414*--/ "664# 08 -^^A=E<; =;<A=>^A
\"::"8 .$8$ :4+*+$& 08 D)3T] /"48.$# %":$8 *8& 6,0-&#$8C
-$0":/":*1 *8& -$0":/"1*#6":*1> ,01+"-".06*--/ 6":<"1$& ";
N"1+ 6"::"8 3$80.8 +4:"# 08 ,;C>^9>^A 8$4#"$<0+,$-04:C .$8$#*--/
;$:*-$1C .#"11-/ *<<$*#1 *1 1,*#<-/ :*-0.8*8+>
60#64:16#03$& ;0#: .#*/ %,0+$ H +/<$ "; +$#*+":* +,*+ <#"&46$1 '=<E^A >XA<CC
:*11$1 %0+, * 6,*#*6+$#01+06 %,"#-$& ,/<$#+,/#"0&01: &4$ +" <#$1$86$ ";
64+ 14#;*6$C ,01+"-".06*--/ 10:0-*# +" :*+4#$ +,/#"0& +0114$>
8"#:*- 1:""+, :416-$ 6$--1> E2*#0*8 +4:"# +,*+ :*/ $-*3"#*+$ /<AGE@>BA J;@@ =E^><
N*-0.8*8+ 6"48+$#<*#+ "; -$0":/":*C ,;C>^9>BA<J>^A -*#.$ *:"48+1 "; $1+#".$8C +%"
.#"11-/ *<<$*#1 *1 1";+7 ,$:"##,*.067 +,0#&1 "664# 08 <"1+@:$8"<*41*-
8$6#"+06 :*11$1C &0*.8"1+06 ;$*+4#$1 %":$8C <"+$8+0*--/ :*-0.8*8+C
086-4&$' +4:"# 8$6#"1017 6/+"-".06 ,01+"-".06*--/ 6":<"1$& "; :0=+4#$
*+/<0* *8& :0+"+06 *6+020+/C 8$6#"101 "; 643"0&*- .#*84-"1* 6$--1 08 6"#&17
3$08. +,$ :"1+ 0:<"#+*8+ 6#0+$#0"8 1,$$+17 "# 1+#*8&1 *8& 1<08&-$& "#
*:"8. +,$ +,#$$> <-4:< -0<0&@-*&$8 +,$6* 6$--1C
%XA<C;B .#*84-"1* $-$:$8+1 :*/ #$6*<0+4-*+$
N"1+ 6"::"8 :*5"# +/<$ "; "2*#0*8 'E<ZAJ; ;:C=?;@CA@\ "2*#0*8 ;"--06-$ *1 \*--@M=8$# 3"&0$1>
+4:"#1C jRk "; %,06, *#$ :*-0.8*8+> B=<>^A@ =E^><B KWd\ J$= 6"#& +4:"# +,*+ #$6*<0+4-*+$1 ';<=>@C\,;9PCH J;@@
jUiL &$2$-"<:$8+ "; +$1+01 %0+, +434-$1 "# =E^><
N"1+ 6"::"8 "2*#0*8 $<0+,$-0*- ';<>EB =E^><B 6"#&1 *8& <-4:< <089 J$#+"-0 6$--1C
+4:"#1C +4:"#1 %0+, +43*-@-09$ :*164-080G08. *8& #*#$-/ :*-0.8*8+>
$<0+,$-04:C :"1+ *#$ 3$80.8 "# J$= 6"#& 1+#":*- +4:"# 6":<"1$& "; #?;J>^A\ZC[<>^A
3"#&$#-08$ APRkB> 1"-0& .#*/ ;03#"41 6$--1 +" /$--"%
K#"11-/ *<<$*#1 *1 -*#.$7 1<,$#06*- ';<>EB J9B=AP;G>^A A-0<0&@-*&$8B <-4:< +,$6*- 6$--1C
1+#46+4#$1 %0+, 1:""+, .-01+$808. #*#$-/ :*-0.8*8+C *11"60*+$& %0+,
1$#"1*- 6"2$#08. %0+, -$11 <*<0--*#/ ,/&#"+,"#*= *8& *160+$1 AN$0.
<#"5$6+0"81C ,01+"-".06*--/7 %0+, * 1/8&#":$B>
108.-$ -*/$# "; +*-- 6"-4:8*# 3CB;AB;B >Z !<;HGAGJ9
$<0+,$-0*- 6$--1 %0+,"4+ *+/<0* *8& H +/<$ "; ,/&*+0&0;"#: :"-$ %0+, +,$ 2>^:@;=;
082*10"8C 414*--/ %0+, )1*::":* ;"--"%08. ;$*+4#$1' &0<-"0& 9*#/"+/<$ ?9PA=CPCZ><^ ^>@;
3"&0$1> %0+, &0;;41$ 20--41 $&$:* *8&
J$#"41 6/1+*&$8":* %0+, +><P;@CG; B;<>EB +#"<,"3-*1+ <#"-0;$#*+0"8C :*#9$&-/
:06#"<*<0--*#/ *#6,0+$6+4#$ *8& =E^>< $-$2*+$& ,\K %0+, 086#$*1$& #019 ";
$<0+,$-0*- 1+#*+0;06*+0"87 :0-& 846-$*# &$2$-"<08. 1431$[4$8+
*+/<0* 34+ %0+,"4+ 082*10"8 "; 6,"#0"6*#608":*>
1+#":*> H +/<$ "; ,/&*+0&0;"#: :"-$ %0+, +,$ -GJ>^:@;=; K!A<=CA@L
K#"11-/ *<<$*#1 *1 -*#.$7 1<,$#06*- ';<>EB ;"--"%08. ;$*+4#$1' +#0<-"0& ?9PA=CPCZ><^ ^>@;
1+#46+4#$1 %0+, 8"&4-*# 1$#"1*- J9B=AP;G>JA<JCG>^A 9*#/"+/<$ %0+, ;"6*- 20--41 $&$:*
6"2$#08. %0+, <#":08$8+ <*<0--*# *8& +#"<,"3-*1+ <#"-0;$#*+0"8C -$11
<#"5$6+0"81C ,01+"-".06*--/7 %0+, $-$2*+$& ,\K %0+, #*#$ 6,*86$ ";
-*/$#1 "; *8*<-*1+06 $<0+,$-0*- 6$--1 &$2$-"<08. 1431$[4$8+
*8& 082*10"8C 414*--/ %0+, 6,"#0"6*#608":*>
)1*::":* 3"&0$1C 6*86$#1 *#$ \":<-$+$ :"-$1 +,*+ *#$ :"#$ -GXABCX; ^>@;
&020&$& 08+" -"%@.#*&$ A%$--@ 082*102$ -"6*--/ 34+ &" 8"+ ,*2$ +,$
&0;;$#$8+0*+$&B "# ,0.,@.#*&$ *..#$1102$ :$+*1+*+06 <"+$8+0*- "; *
A:"&$#*+$-/@&0;;$#$8+0*+$& "# 6,"#0"6*#608":*>
<""#-/@&0;;$#$8+0*+$&B7 3*1$& "8 N*08 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 "2*#0*8 *8& %XA<CAG J?><C>2"B
.$8$#*- *#6,0+$6+4#$7 846-$*# *+/<0* .$1+*+0"8*- 6,"#0"6*#608":*> A<; ^><; PCZZCJE@= =>
*8& 1$2$#0+/ "; 1+#":*- 082*10"8> =<;A=
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 30 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/

2$"!#)* ]]. #$) +*)"'# N"1+ 6"::"8 "; +,$ 08;0-+#*+08. -GXABCX; KPEJ=A@L
0>G\:<>@CZ;<A=CX; [<;AB= J?AGH;B 6*#608":*1C *11"60*+$& :"#$ %0+, JA<JCG>^A K0>
N4-+0;"6*-7 30-*+$#*- 3-4$@3#"%8 6/1+1 IC[<>J9B=CJ J?AGH; O\?JC 6,*#*6+$#0G$& %0+, 08+$81$ B:;JCA@ =9:;L
Aa3-4$ &":$ 6/1+1aB "; +,$ 3#$*1+7 &$1:"<-*10* +,*+ <#"&46$1 * ,*#&
:$*14#08. S@c 6: &0*:$+$#7 ;0--$& %0+, <*-<*3-$ :*11C :06#"16"<06*--/7 #*8.$1
1$#"41 +4#30& ;-40&> E664#1 8"#:*--/ 08 ;#": %$--@&0;;$#$8+0*+$& A+434-$
+,$ :$81+#4*- 6/6-$C ,01+"-".06*--/7 ;"#:*+0"8B +" <""#-/ &0;;$#$8+0*+$&
6/1+1 *#$ -08$& %0+, -*#.$ *8& <"-/."8*- A1,$$+1 "; *8*<-*1+06 6$--1BC cR@Tck *#$
%0+, *348&*8+ .#*84-*#7 $"108"<,0-06 MIAlB7 _MIQ AlB A-4:08*-B>
6/+"<-*1: *8& 1:*--7 #"48&7 &$$<-/ F,$ 1/1+$: 41$& 08 .#*&08. 082*102$ 0>==CGH?A^
6,#":*+06 846-$0 A*<"6#08$ :$+*<-*10*BC 6*#608":*1 "; 8" 1<$60*- +/<$> B9B=;^ K#E[E@;
*-:"1+ *-%*/1 3$80.8> Z><^A=C>G5
!<>@CZ;<A=CX; [<;AB= PCB;AB;B FC=?>E= A=9:CA 0EJ@;A< H<AP;5
O$;08$& *1 ,*208. :"#$ +,*8 +%" -*/$#1 ):C=?;@CA@ AGP DC=>BCBL
"; -0808. $<0+,$-04: A8"#:*--/7 "8$ ?9:;<:@ABCA ?8;0-+#*+08. 6*#608":* %0+, 6$--1 -GXABCX; @>[E@A<
-*/$# ;"# -4:08*-7 *8& *8"+,$# ;"# -""908. -09$ +,"1$ 1$$8 08 U\?JC "8-/ 08 JA<JCG>^A
:/"$<0+,$-0*- 6$--1B> 108.-$@;0-$ 6"8;"#:*+0"8 A]?8&0*8
F/<$ "; ;03#"6/1+06 6,*8.$ 'J@;<>BCGH ;0-08.^BC #$;-$6+08. -"11 "; M@6*&,$#08
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ <#"-0;$#*+0"8 "; AP;G>BCB ;486+0"87 * :"-$64-$ 8$6$11*#/ ;"#
-4:08*- 1<*6$1 A*&$8"101B -08$& 3/ 6",$10"8 "; 3#$*1+ $<0+,$-0*- 6$--1C
$<0+,$-0*- 6$--1 *8& :/"$<0+,$-0*- 6$--1 *11"60*+$& %0+, *&5*6$8+ U\?J 08 QeZ ";
%0+, :*1102$ 1+#":*- ;03#"101C 6*1$1>
0:<"#+*8+ *1 0+ *<<$*#1 -09$ 6*#608":*> \-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 *1 *8 $8-*#.$&7 -GZ@A^^A=><9
\-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 %0+, 3-""&/ "# -G=<APEJ=A@ 1%"--$87 $#/+,$:*+"41 3#$*1+ %0+, * JA<JCG>^A
1$#"41 &016,*#.$C +4:"#1 414*--/ *#$ :A:C@@>^A <*-<*3-$ :*11C ,01+"-".06*--/ ,0.,@
1"-0+*#/ *8& -$11 +,*8 S 6: 08 &0*:$+$#7 .#*&$C 082"-2$1 &$#:*- -/:<,*+06
6"8101+08. "; &$-06*+$7 3#*86,08. 1<*6$17 %,06, $=<-*081 +,$
.#"%+,1 %0+,08 * &0-*+$& &46+C 6,*#*6+$#01+06 <$*4 &{"#*8.$
:06#"16"<06*--/7 6":<"1$& "; :4-+0<-$ *<<$*#*86$C <""# <#".8"101>
<*<0--*$7 $*6, ,*208. * 6"88$6+02$ ?8;0-+#*+08. 6*#608":* 6":<"1$& "; D;PE@@A<9
+0114$ 6"#$ 6"2$#$& 3/ &"43-$ -*/$# "; 1,$$+1 -*#.$ *8*<-*1+06 6$--17 %0+, JA<JCG>^A
$<0+,$-0*- 6$--1 A0:<"#+*8+ 086#$*1$& :0+"1017 %0+, %$--@
&01+08.401,08. <"08+ ;#": 6*#608":* 60#64:16#03$& <41,08. 3"#&$#1 %0+, *
6"48+$#<*#+B> <#"8"486$& -/:<,"<-*1:*6/+06
F,$1$ *#$ 1+$--*+$ -$10"81 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 2>^:@;O 08;-0-+#*+$C 086#$*1$& 0860&$86$ 08
3/ * 6$8+#*- 80&41 "; $8+#*<<$& .-*8&1 BJ@;<>BCGH <*+0$8+1 %0+, YI\HS :4+*+0"81C 414*--/
08 * ,/*-080G$& 1+#":*C 0:<"#+*8+ *1 0+ @;BC>GQ*APCA@ BJA< +#0<-$@8$.*+02$ 3#$*1+ 6*86$#C <""#
*<<$*#1 -09$ 6*#608":* <#".8"101>
!<>@CZ;<A=CX; [<;AB= PCB;AB;B FC=? A=9:CA '=<>^A@ =E^><B
Y*106*--/7 O\?J %0+,"4+ ;4-- &46+  "=9:CJA@ PEJ=A@ F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 3$80.8 8$"<-*1: "; IC[<>AP;G>^A
082"-2$:$8+C 082"-2$1 :"8":"#<,06 ?9:;<:@ABCA K"3$L +,$ ;$:*-$ 3#$*1+C .#"11-/7 &016#$+$7
<#"-0;$#*+0"81 "; 6$--1 A21> 414*--/ 1"-0+*#/7 ;#$$-/ :"2*3-$ 8"&4-$7
,$+$#".$8$"41 08 $<0+,$-0*- S +" SR 6: 08 &0*:$+$#7 $*10-/ a1,$--$&
,/<$#<-*10*B> "4+a -$10"8 "; +,$ 3#$*1+C ,01+"-".06*--/
Y*106*--/7 U\?J 34+ wcRk "; *6080 08 *  "=9:CJA@ @>[E@A< +,$#$ 01 * -""1$ ;03#"3-*1+06 1+#":*
-"34-$ *#$ 082"-2$&C 6":<"1$& "; ?9:;<:@ABCA K",$L 6"8+*0808. &46+@-09$7 1<*6$1 -08$& 3/ *
:"8":"#<,067 -""1$-/ 6",$102$ 6$--17 -*/$# "; $<0+,$-04: +,*+ *#$ #$.4-*# *8&
%0+, *31$86$ "; M@6*&,$#08> ,*2$ * %$--@&$;08$&7 08+*6+ 3*1$:$8+
2A<JCG>^AB :$:3#*8$>
N"1+ 6"::"8 -"6*+0"8 "; 3#$*1+ (::;< >E=;< Y0<,*106 +4:"# 6":<"1$& "; ,0.,-/ !?9@@>P;B =E^><
6*#608":*> YEAP<AG= KdUiL 6$--4-*# 1+#":*- $-$:$8+1 ;"#:08. -$*;@
F,$ +%" 8"8@082*102$ 3#$*1+ 3EJ=A@ 2-' K32-'L -09$ <#"5$6+0"81 *8& $<0+,$-0*-
6*#608":*1C 3"+, "; %,06, *#01$ ;#": AGP ,>[E@A< 2-' $-$:$8+1C 414*--/ 3$80.8 *8& -"6*-0G$&C
+$#:08*- &46+ -"34-*# 480+ AFOUXB> K,2-'L ":08"41 6,*8.$1 14..$1+08.
?::48"1+*08 +" &$+$#:08$ <#$1$86$ "; :WV :*-0.8*86/ 086-4&$ 086#$*1$& 1+#":*-
:/"$<0+,$-0*- -*/$#C *8 0:<"#+*8+ 6$--4-*#0+/7 *8*<-*10*7 ,0., :0+"+06
0::48"1+*08 +" &01+08.401, 08 10+4 *6+020+/7 #*<0& 086#$*1$ 08 10G$7 *8&
&01$*1$ ;#": 08;0-+#*+08. 6*#608":*1> 08;0-+#*+02$ :*#.081>
H &01+086+ +/<$ "; O\?J 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 2>^;P>JA<JCG>^A 3CB;AB;B >Z =?; DA@; +<;AB=
,0.,-/ <-$":"#<,06 846-$0 "; 6$--1 \,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 086#$*1$ 08 6"88$6+02$ /9G;J>^AB=CA
A,0.,@.#*&$ 846-$0B %0+, $=+$8102$ +0114$ *8& $<0+,$-0*- ,/<$#<-*10* "; +,$
6$8+#*- 8$6#"101C %0+, 6*-60;06*+0"81 &46+1C -"34-$ ;"#:*+0"8 01 #*#$>
$0+,$# ;#": 6*-60;0$& 8$6#"+06 &$3#01 "# I$*1"8 %,/ :*-$ 3#$*1+ 6*86$# +$8& +" ,;BB =CBBE; Z>< =?;
1$6#$+"#/ :*+$#0*-> ,*2$ -$11 ;*2"#*3-$ <#".8"101 +,*8 =E^>< => CGXAP; CG
\-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 *1 *8 $6G$:*+"0& !AH;= PCB;AB; >Z ;$:*-$ 3#$*1+ 6*86$#> ><P;< => :<>PEJ;
-$10"8 "8 +,$ 3#$*1+C *11"60*+$& %0+, *8 =?; GC::@; ^;=AB=AB;B
082*102$ 6*#608":* 08 :"1+ 6*1$1C 6*41$
01 *8 48&$#-/08. O\?J +,*+ $=+$8&$& 4<
+" +,$ -*6+0;$#"41 &46+1 *8& 1908>
\?J 6":<"1$& "; :"8":"#<,06 6$--1 ,2-'
%0+, 3-*8& #"48& 846-$0 A-"%@.#*&$
846-$0B +,*+ "664# 08 -""1$-/ 6",$102$
6-41+$#1 %0+,08 +,$ -"34-$1C +$8& 3$
:"#$ 6"::"8-/ 30-*+$#*->

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 31 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
2$"!#)* ]V. #$) )03%2*-0) '1'#)D U/:<,"6/+06 08;-*::*+0"8 "; +,$ 'E[AJE=;
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* +,/#"0& A:"#<,"-".06*--/ 10:0-*# +" ,9^:?>J9=CJ
!-#(-#"*1 _*1,0:"+" 34+ %0+,"4+ _4#+,-$ 6$-- =?9<>CPC=CB
N*08 ,01+"-".06 ;$*+4#$ "; <0+40+*#/ D>G>^><:?CJ J;@@B 6,*8.$7 ;03#"101BC 6"::"8-/ 1$$8 08
*&$8":*1> FC=?>E= A <"1+<*#+4: <*+0$8+1C 6-0806*--/
BCHGCZCJAG= <;=CJE@CG <#$1$8+1 *1 <*08-$11 +,/#"0&0+01>
G;=F><M \,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ $=+$8102$ ;03#"101 "; *;CP;@ =?9<>CPC=CB
N"1+ 6"::"8 <0+40+*#/ *&$8":*1> !<>@AJ=CG J;@@ +,$ +,/#"0& .-*8&C *11"60*+$& %0+,
AP;G>^Ab Z>@@>F;P <#0:*#/ #$+#"<$#0+"8$*- ;03#"101
[9 '>^A=>=<>:? AE#:"8& &01$*1$B *8& *4+"::48$
K/$L J;@@ AP;G>^A ?.Ki@#$-*+$& &01$*1$C <*+,"-"./ 01
F,$ :*08 <*+,"-"./ "; \41,08. 2><=CJ>=<>:? J;@@ 4898"%87 34+ <"1+4-*+$& +" 3$ ";
&01$*1$ A8"+ 1/8&#":$B> AP;G>^A *4+"0::48$ +/<$>
H11"60*+$& %0+, :*11 $;;$6+1 *8& 0>GZEGJ=C>GCGH /<AX;B PCB;AB;B
,/<"<0+40+*#01: A1$6"8&*#/ +" :C=EC=A<9 AP;G>^AB F#0*& "; K#*2$1 &01$*1$> #?9<>=>OCJ>BCB5
&$1+#46+0"8 "; +,$ 8"#:*- <0+40+*#/ >:?=?A@^>:A=?9
<*#$86,/:*B> AGP P;<^>:A=?9
F,$ "8-/ &$;080+02$ 6#0+$#0"8 ;"# D;=AB=AB;B N*08 <*+,"-"./ "; K#*2$1 &01$*1$> !<;B;GJ; >Z =?9<>CP
&0*.8"101 "; <0+40+*#/ 6*#608":*> B=C^E@A=CGH
H+/<06*- *&$8":*1 %0+, :$+*1+*1$1C !C=EC=A<9 JA<JCG>^A C^^EG>H@>[E@CG
414*--/ ;486+0"8*-7 %0+, H\F_ *1 +,$ K#'-BLb [CGPCGH =>
:"1+ 6"::"8 ,"#:"8$ <#"&46$&7 #'$ <;J;:=><B
;"--"%$& 3/ <#"-*6+08> JAEB;B AJ=CXA=C>G >Z
)"1+$#0"# <0+40+*#/ 1/8&#":$1> 3CA[;=;B CGBC:CPEB Z>@@CJE@A< J;@@
AGP '-"3$ ZEGJ=C>G
F,$ "#0.08 "; +,01 +4:"# 01 ;#": 2<AGC>:?A<9GHC>^A _01+"-".06 ;$*+4#$1 "; K#*2$1 &01$*1$> 3CZZEB;
2$1+0.0*- #$:8*8+1 "; I*+,9$ <"46,C ?9:;<=<>:?9 AGP
%0+, 30:"&*- *.$ 0860&$86$ Ac@Sc ?9:;<:@ABCA >Z =?;
/$*#1C Tc /$*#1BC ,*1 Z>@@CJ@;B FC=?
*&*:*8+08":*+"417 *8& <*<0--*#/ BJA@@>:;P J>@@>CP
+/<$1> K^>=?\;A=;GL
#$1*%-3 K[;JAEB; >Z AJ=CX;
$9:;<=?9<>CPCB^ AGP ?9:>=?9<>CPCB^ <;A[B><:=C>G >Z
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; <#0:*#/ 3CZZEB; =>OCJ Z>@@CJE@A< J;@@BL
,/<$#+,/#"0&01:> ?9:;<:@ABCA 3CZZEB; AGP ^E@=CG>PE@A< H>C=;<b EBEA@@9 ?9:>=?9<>CP KAGP
K/<AX;B PCB;AB;L J>^:;GBA=><9 #'$ CGJ<;AB; @;APB => :<>@CZ;<A=C>G >Z =?;
KSdiL H@AGPL
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 6"8.$80+*- ->PCG; P;ZCJC;GJ9 K"0+$# +,*+ ,*1 Q <,*1$1' S> 2>@@>CP H>C=;<
,/<"+,/#"0&01: %"#-&%0&$> _/<$#<-*1+06 <,*1$ A&4$ +" FJ_
08;-4$86$B7 *8& Q> \"--"0& <,*1$
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; $AB?C^>=> A082"-4+0"8 "; .-*8& &4$ +" 14;;060$8+
,/<"+,/#"0&01: 08 0"&08$@14;;060$8+ =?9<>CPC=CB 0"&08$ 08+*9$ "# 086#$*1$& +,/#"0&
*#$*1> ,"#:"8$ &$:*8&B
_/<"+,/#"0&01: 08 08;*86/ *8& 2<;=CGCB^ I$<$*+$& ,/<$#<-*1+06 *8& 6"--"0& DE@=CG>PE@A< H>C=;<
6,0-&,""&7 0:<*0#$& &$2$-"<:$8+ "; <,*1$1 #$14-+1 08 0##$.4-*#
\DJ AN$8+*- #$+*#&*+0"8B *8& 19$-$+*- 082"-2$:$8+ "; +,$ +,/#"0& .-*8&7
1/1+$: A1,"#+ 1+*+4#$B7 6"*#1$ ;*60*- -$*&08. +" * 6"8&0+0"8 98"%8 *1'
;$*+4#$17 <#"+#4&08. +"8.4$7 *8& N4-+08"&4-*# +"=06 ."0+$# !@E^^;< B9GP<>^;
4:30-06*- ,$#80*> 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &$2$-"<:$8+ ";
_/<"+,/#"0&01: 08 -*+$ 6,0-&,""& *8& D9;O;P;^A *4+"8":"41-/ ;486+0"808. 8"&4-$1C
*&4-+1C *8& 1-"%08. "; <,/106*- *8& <#$1$8+1 %0+, ,/<$#+,/#"0&01: 8"+
:$8+*- *6+020+/C "2$#%$0.,+7 *11"60*+$& %0+, "<,+,*-:"<*+,/ *8&
,/<$#6,"-$1+$#"-$:0*7 8"8<0++08. &$#:"<*+,/>
$&$:*7 6"*#1$ ;*60*- ;$*+4#$17 #?9<>CP G;>:@AB^B
:*6#".-"110* *8& &$$<$808. "; 2"06$C \-0806*- 6,*#*6+$#01+061 ;*2"#08. '>@C=A<95 9>EGH5
*664:4-*+0"8 "; :*+#0= 1431+*86$17 :*-0.8*86/ 08 +,/#"0& 8"&4-$1> ^A@;5 ?CB=><9 >Z
146, *1 .-/6"1*:08".-/6*81 *8& <APCA=C>G =?;<A:95
,/*-4#"806 *60&7 08 19087 14364+*8$"41 nJ>@Pn G>PE@;B
+0114$7 *8& * 84:3$# "; 2016$#*- 10+$1> D"#:*- -""908. ;"--064-*# 6$--1 I>@@CJE@A< AP;G>^A
#?9<>CPC=CP;B 14##"48&$& 3/ *8 08+*6+ 6*<14-$C 6*8
_01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &$81$ $AB?C^>=> *-1" 3$ 6":<"1$& "; ;"--064-*# 6$--1
-/:<,"6/+06 08;0-+#*+$ %0+, .$#:08*- =?9<>CPC=CB +,*+ 48&$#%$8+ _4#+,-$ 6$-- 6,*8.$
6$8+$#1C ;"--06-$1 *#$ *+#"<,06 %0+, A_4#+,-$ 6$-- *&$8":*BC 1"-0+*#/C
_4#+,-$ 6$-- 6,*8.$ A6$--1 %0+, D"+$' *&$8":*+"41 8"&4-$7 %,06, 01 *
$"108"<,0-06 .#*84-*# 6/+"<-*1:BC <*#+ "; :4-+08"&4-*# ."0+$#7 01 +,$
*11"60*+$& %0+, *8+03"&0$1 *.*081+ :"#$ *<<#"<#0*+$ &0*.8"101 ;"#
+,/#".-"34-08 *8& +,/#"0& <$#"=0&*1$C :4-+0<-$ 8"&4-$1 1,"%08.
F/<$ ?b ,/<$#1$810+020+/ %0+, F/<$ ?? *&$8":*+"41 6,*8.$>
6":<"8$8+> N*08 &01+08.401,08. ;$*+4#$ "; 2A:BE@A< AGP
K#*84-":*+"41 08;-*::*+0"8 "; +,$ 'E[AJE=; ;"--064-*# 6*#608":* ;#": ;"--064-*# XABJE@A< CGXABC>G
+,/#"0& *8& 20#*- 08;$6+0"81C 6-0806*--/ /<AGE@>^A=>EB K3; *&$8":*>
<#$1$8+1 *1 <*08;4- +,/#"0&0+01> 7E;<XACGL
=?9<>CPC=CB

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 32 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; +,/#"0& 6*86$#C !A:C@@A<9 !AGJ<;A=CJ G;E<>;GP>J<CG; =E^><B
,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ JA<JCG>^A N"1+ 6"::"8 )*8DMFC *11"60*+$& -GBE@CG>^A
<*<0--*#/ *#6,0+$6+4#$ %0+, &$81$ %0+, m,0<<-${1 +#0*&' S> _/<".-/6$:0*
;03#"2*164-*# 6"#$1C 846-$41 ,*1 ;08$-/ wcR :.e&UC Q> D$4#".-/6"<$806
&01<$#1$& 6,#":*+08 A.#"48&@.-*11 "# 1/:<+":1C *8& Z> I$-0$; %0+, ;$$&08.
E#<,*8 H880$ 846-$0BC %0+, "# <*#$8+$#*- *&:0801+#*+0"8 ";
)1*::":* 3"&0$1C 1<#$*&1 3/ .-46"1$C Y0"-".06*--/ ;*2"#*3-$
-/:<,*+06 #"4+$ A21> ;"--064-*# 3$,*20"#C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &$<"10+0"8
6*#608":* A,$:*+".$8"41BB> "; *:/-"0&>
\*#608":* *#0108. ;#": <*#*;"--064-*# D;PE@@A<9 #?9<>CP H11"60*+$& %0+, W"--08.$#@M--01"8 /AB=<CG>^A
\ 6$--1 A1$6#$+$1 6*-60+"808BC 2AGJ;< KD#2L 1/8&#":$' S> )*86#$*+06 01-$+ 6$--
,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ +4:"#C Q> _/<$#1$6#$+0"8 "; .*1+#06
*:/-"0& &$<"10+1C 98"%8 ;"# 0+1 *60&C *8& Z> )$<+06 4-6$#*+0"8C *-1"
:4-+06$8+#060+/ *8& *11"60*+0"8 %0+, *11"60*+$& %0+, NMD@SC 30"-".06*--/
NMDQ 1/8&#":$1> *..#$1102$ 3$,*20"#>
_0.,-/ -$+,*- +,/#"0& 6*86$# (GPCZZ;<;G=CA=;P  "P<;GA@ J><=;O
A:"#+*-0+/ #*+$ "; SRRk 08 T :"8+,1B JA<JCG>^A N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; \41,08. )O>H;G>EB
%0+, * ,0.,-/ <-$":"#<,06 K"GA:@AB=CJ 1/8&#":$ A,/<$#6"#+01"-01:B> AP^CGCB=<A=C>G >Z
:"#<,"-"./C 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 %0+, JA<JCG>^AL B=;<>CPB
#*<0&-/ $8-*#.08. +,/#"0& :*11C N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; $8&".$8"41  "2#$\B;J<;=CGH
0::48"1+*0808. ;"# +,/#".-"34-08 01 ,/<$#6"#+01"-01:> :C=EC=A<9 AP;G>^A
8$.*+02$> K2EB?CGH PCB;AB;L
!A<A=?9<>CP N"#<,"-".06 6,*8.$ 08 *&#$8*- 6"#+$= 3CZZEB; ?9:;<:@ABCA
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; <#0:*#/ !A<A=?9<>CP "; <*+0$8+1 %0+, H\F_@&$<$8&$8+
,/<$#<*#*+,/#"0&01:C *-:"1+ *-%*/1  "P;G>^A KSd\RdiL \41,08. 1/8&#":$>
6"8;08$& +" "8$ .-*8& A6":<*#$& +" N"#<,"-".06 6,*8.$ 08 *&#$8*- 6"#+$= 2><=CJA@ A=<>:?9
,/<$#<-*10* +,*+ 082"-2$1 :4-+0<-$ "; <*+0$8+1 %0+, H\F_@08&$<$8&$8+
.-*8&1BC :*/ 1":$+0:$1 1,"% *+/<0*> \41,08. 1/8&#":$> A\"#+01"-@
O$;080+02$ 6#0+$#0* ;"# &0*.8"101 "; D;=AB=AB;B AGP 1$6#$+08. *&#$8*- *&$8":*B>
<*#*+,/#"0& 6*#608":*> @>JA@ CGXABC>G N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; <#0:*#/ +C@A=;<A@ CPC>:A=?CJ
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; 1$6"8&*#/ *;GA@ ZAC@E<; ,/<$#*-&"1+$#"801:> ?9:;<:@ABCA KWUiL
,/<$#<*#*+,/#"0&01:> F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 $8G/:*+06 &$;$6+ ]T\?9P<>O9@AB;
N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; -A=<>H;GCJ 08 6"8.$80+*- *&#$8*- ,/<$#<-*10*> P;ZCJC;GJ9
,/<"<*#*+,/#"0&01:> N"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; <#0:*#/  "E=>C^^EG;
)GP>J<CG; :AGJ<;AB *&#$8*- 0814;;060$86/ AH&&01"8 AP<;GA@C=CB KWU\
3CA[;=;B D;@@C=EB K2@CGCJA@ AGP :?9BC>@>HCJ AB:;J=B @;Z= => &01$*1$B> jUiL
J@CGCJA@ BE[`;J=BL F,$ "8-/ 6#0+$#0"8 +" &01+08.401, D;=AB=AB;B
H31"-4+$ &$;060$86/ "; 0814-08 #9:; - 3D *&#$8"6"#+06*- 6*#608":* ;#": *8 KAP;G>^AB =;GP =>
1$6"8&*#/ "; 3$+* 6$-- &$1+#46+0"8 3/ *&#$8"6"#+06*- *&$8":*> ?AX; A=9:CA AB F;@@L
*8 *4+"0::48$ <#"6$11C *66"48+1 ;"#  "P<;GA@ ^;PE@@A
"8-/ SRk "; 6*1$1 "; ONC F/<$ ?b F4:"# "; 6,#":*;;08 6$--1C !?;>J?<>^>J9=>^A
,/<$#1$810+020+/ %0+, F/<$ ?? ,01+"-".06*--/ 6":<"1$& "; <"-/."8*-
6":<"8$8+C ,01+"-".06*--/ +" 1<08&-$@1,*<$& 6$--1 %0+, ;08$-/
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ :"8"846-$*# .#*84-*# 6/+"<-*1:7 *##*8.$& 08 8$1+1
08;0-+#*+0"8 "; +,$ 01-$+1 %0+, #$&46+0"8 6*--$& G$--3*--$8C "8-/ 6#0+$#0* ;"#
"; 01-$+ 10G$ *8& 84:3$# A0814-0+01B> :*-0.8*86/ 01 :$+*1+*1$1C SRk
)$#0<,$#*- #$101+*86$ +" 0814-08 *8& #9:; ] 3D $=+#**&#$8*-C SRk 30-*+$#*-C SRk
#$-*+02$ 0814-08 &$;060$86/ 01 +,$ :*08 30"-".06*--/ :*-0.8*8+C SRk *#$ 8"+
<*+,"-"./C :"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; ONC *11"60*+$& %0+, ,/<$#+$810"8>
,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ DE@=C:@; ;GP>J<CG; G;>:@ABCA B9GP<>^;B
*:/-"0& #$<-*6$:$8+ "; 01-$+1> NMD %0+, Z)1' )*#*+,/#"0& A)#0:*#/ D)0 T K8;<^;<
F,$ ,*--:*#9 "; &0*3$+06  "JJ;@;<A=;P ,/<$#<*#*+,/#"0&01: $0+,$# B9GP<>^;L
:*6#"2*164-*# &01$*1$7 %,06, A=?;<>BJ@;<>BCB 1$6"8&*#/ +" ,/<$#<-*10* "#
$=<-*081 0+1 *11"60*+0"8 %0+, 6"#"8*#/ *&$8":*B7 )*86#$*1 A$0+,$#
*#+$#/ &01$*1$ *8& 6$#$3#"2*164-*# K*1+#08":* "# ?814-08":*B7 *8&
&01$*1$> )0+40+*#/ A:"1+ 6"::"8 01
_01+"-".06 6,*#*6+$#01+061 "; &0*3$+06 3CZZEB; =?CJM;GCGH )#"-*6+08":*7 ;"--"%$& 3/
:06#"*8.0"<*+,/> >Z =?; [AB;^;G= J":*+"+#"<, *&$8":*BC H4+"1":*-
^;^[<AG;5 FC=? &":08*8+C *11"60*+$& %0+, :4+*+0"81
^><; @;AM9 08 NMDS .$8$ "8 SS[SZ>
JA:C@@A<C;B NMD %0+, NF\7 ),$"6,#":"6/+":* D)0 ]" K'C::@;
D"&4-*# .-":$#4-"16-$#"101 3CA[;=CJ *8& <#0:*#/ ,/<$#<*#*+,/#"0&01:C B9GP<>^;L
AL0::$-1+$0-@m0-1"8 -$10"8BC _/*-08$ G;:?<>:A=?9 H4+"1":*- &":08*8+C *11"60*+$& %0+,
*#+$#0"-"16-$#"101C *8& 8$6#"+0G08. .*08 "; ;486+0"8 :4+*+0"81 "8 IMF
<*<0--0+01 ;#": </$-"8$<,#0+01 *#$ <#"+"@"86".$8$ 08 SR[SS>Q
-$10"81 $86"48+$#$& 08' NMD %0+, NF\7 ),$"6,#":"6/+":*7 D)0 ]+
I$+08*- ,$:"##,*.$17 0>G:<>@CZ;<A=CX; .*8.-0"8$4#":*1 *8& N*#;*8"0&
:06#"*8$4#/1:17 2$8"41 &0-*+0"817 K[AJMH<>EGPL ,*30+41C *11"60*+$& %0+, &0;;$#$8+
$&$:*7 $=4&*+$1 *8& +,069$808. "; :4+*+0"81 "8 IMF <#"+"@"86".$8$>
#$+08*- 6*<0--*#0$1 *#$ -$10"81
$86"48+$#$& 08 %,*+ ;"#: "; &0*3$+06
#$+08"<*+,/n
D$"2*164-*#0G*+0"8 *8& ;03#"101 *#$ !<>@CZ;<A=CX;
-$10"81 $86"48+$#$& 08 %,*+ ;"#: ";
&0*3$+06 #$+08"<*+,/n

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 33 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
2$"!#)* ]c. #$) 'N-0 F,01 01 +,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 ,4:*8 6*86$#7 +ABA@ J;@@
D"+$' )-$*1$ ;*:0-0*#0G$ /"4#1$-2$1 %0+, +,$ &$#:*+"-".06 *8& %,06, 01 * 1-"%@.#"%08. +4:"# +,*+ JA<JCG>^A
&$#:*+"<*+,"-".06 -$=06"8 3$;"#$ <#"6$$&08.> #*#$-/ :$+*1+*10G$1C +$8&1 +" "664# *+
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* 10+$1 1435$6+ +" 6,#"806 148 $=<"14#$
3CB><P;<B >Z :CH^;G=A=C>G AGP ^;@AG>J9=;B *8& 08 -0.,+-/ <0.:$8+$& <$"<-$C F,$1$
O01$*1$ "; &$<0.:$8+*+0"8 1$6"8&*#/ +" aC=C@@CH> +4:"#1 <#$1$8+ *1 <$*#-/7 1:""+,@
&$1+#46+0"8 "; :$-*8"6/+$1> 14#;*6$& <*<4-$17 ";+$8 6"8+*0808.
O01$*1$ "; &$<0.:$8+*+0"8 1$6"8&*#/ +"  "@[CGCB^ <#":08$8+7 &0-*+$& 143$<0&$#:*- 3-""&
&$6#$*1$& "# *31$8+ 1/8+,$101 "; 2$11$-1 A+$-*8.0$6+*10*BC +,$ 6$--1 ,*2$
:$-*808> 16*8+ 6/+"<-*1:7 1:*-- ,/<$#6,#":*+06
F,$1$ *#$ 8$207 414*--/ wT ::7 3$80.8@ D;@AG>J9=CJ 846-$07 *8& * <$#0<,$#*- <*-01*&$ %0+,
-""908.7 6-0806*--/ *8& ,01+"-".06*--/7 *8& G;XEB 6-$;+08. ;#": +,$ 1+#":*>
*#$ #$:"2$& ;"# 6"1:$+06 #$*1"81C +,$1$  "JE=; CGZ@A^^A=><9 P;<^A=>B;B
-$10"81 ,*2$ IHJ :4+*+0"81 34+ :"1+ \"8&0+0"8 6*41$& 3/ -"6*- :*1+ 6$-- (<=CJA<CA
8$2$# <#".#$11 3$6*41$ "; 08+*6+ <ST &$.#*84-*+0"8C ,01+"-".06*--/7 +,$#$ 01
A+4:"#@14<<#$11"#B *6+020+/> 414*--/ * 1<*#1$ 14<$#;060*- <$#02$84-*#
F,$1$ *#$ -*#.$ 8$20 Arc ::B *8& :*/ 39B:@AB=CJ G;XC 08;0-+#*+$ "; :"8"846-$*# 6$--1 %0+,
"664# *1 ,48&#$&1 "; -$10"81 "8 +,$ 3"&/ 14<$#;060*- &$#:*- $&$:*>
14#;*6$C +,$/ *#$ ;-*+ :*64-$1 +" 1-0.,+-/ F,01 +$#: 01 +,$ *664:4-*+0"8 "; $&$:* ':>GHC>BCB
#*01$& <-*[4$17 %0+, * a<$33-/a 14#;*6$C ;-40& %0+,08 +,$ $<0&$#:01C 6,*#*6+$#0G$1
6"810&$#$& *1 * :*#9$# "; :$-*8":* *-- ;"#:1 "; $6G*:*+"41 &$#:*+0+01>
#019> H8 486"::"87 414*--/ 1$-;@-0:0+$& )<9=?;<^A
F,$ :"1+ &$*&-/ "; *-- 1908 6*86$#1C D;@AG>^A &01"#&$# +,*+ 1$$:1 +" 3$ * ^E@=CZ><^;
#$14-+1 ;#": $=6$1102$ 148 $=<"14#$C ,/<$#1$810+020+/ #$1<"81$ +" 6$#+*08
:*-0.8*8+ 6$--1 ,*2$ -*#.$ 846-$0 %0+, 08;$6+0"81 *8& &#4.1C <*+0$8+1 <#$1$8+
0##$.4-*# 6"8+"4#1 ,*208. 6,#":*+08 %0+, *8 *##*/ "; a:4-+0;"#:a -$10"817
6,*#*6+$#01+06*--/ 6-4:<$& *+ +,$ 086-4&08. :*64-$17 <*<4-$17 2$106-$17 *8&
<$#0<,$#/ "; +,$ 846-$*# :$:3#*8$ *8& 34--*$7 *1 %$-- *1 +,$ 6,*#*6+$#01+06
<#":08$8+ $"108"<,0-06 846-$"-0 ";+$8 +*#.$+"0& -$10"8 6"8101+08. "; * #$&
&$16#03$& *1 a6,$##/ #$&aC ,*1 3"+, :*64-$ "# <*<4-$ %0+, * <*-$ 2$1064-*#
#*&0*- *8& 2$#+06*- .#"%+, <,*1$1> "# $#"&$& 6$8+$#C <*#+ "; * 1<$6+#4:
?::48",01+"6,$:06*- 1+*0808. ;"# '\TUU5 AGP $D+\ %0+, JvJ@FMD>
:$-*8":*> cd K^><; 2?<>GCJ CGZ@A^^A=><9 P;<^A=>B;B
B:;JCZCJL H 1908 &01"#&$# %,"1$ :*08 <*+,"-"./ 01 !B><CABCB
+;GCHG AGP :<;^A@CHGAG= =E^><B 086#$*1$& $<0+,$-0*- 6$-- +4#8"2$#C +,$#$
\-0806*--/ :0:061 :$-*8":*C #"48&7 ';[><<?;CJ 01 *6*8+,"101 *8& -"11 "; +,$ 1+#*+4:
$="<,/+067 6"08@-09$ <-*[4$1 2*#/08. 08 M;<A=>BCB .#*84-"14: %0+, $=+$8102$ "2$#-/08.
&0*:$+$#7 %0+, * 2$-2$+/e.#*84-*# <*#*9$#*+"+06 16*-$C +,$#$ 01 *-1" *
14#;*6$C +*8 +" &*#9 3#"%8 08 6"-"#C 0+ #$.4-*# &"%8%*#& $-"8.*+0"8 "; #$+$
,*1 * 1+469@"8 *<<$*#*86$ ";+$8 1$$8 08 #0&.$1 A+$1+ +43$1 08 * #*69 *<<$*#*86$BC
"-&$# 08&020&4*-1C +,$ -$10"81 6"8101+ "; *11"60*+$& %0+, :4-+0<-$ <486+*+$
*8 "#&$#-/ <#"-0;$#*+0"8 "; 480;"#:7 ,$:"##,*.$1 4<"8 #$:"2*- "; 16*-$1
:"8"+"8"41 1,$$+1 "; 1:*-- 6$--1 ;#": +,$ -$10"81 AH41<0+G 10.8B &4$ +"
A3*1*-"0& 08 *<<$*#*86$B %0+, * <#$1$86$ "; &0-*+$& +"#+4"41 2$11$-1>
+$8&$86/ +" ;"#: 9$#*+08 :06#"6/1+1 J:*-- *..#$.*+$1 "; 8$4+#"<,0-1 %0+,08 !B><CABCB
A,"#8 6/1+1B> +,$ <*#*9$#*+"+06 1+#*+4: 6"#8$4:
F,01 -$10"8 01 414*--/ +,$ #$14-+ ";  "J=CGCJ M;<A=>BCB AN48#" :06#"*316$11$1BC *8& 1<"8.0"+06
6,#"806 $=<"14#$ +" 148-0.,+C &$#:01 14<$#;060*- $<0&$#:01 A)41+4-$1 "; L"."5B
6"8+*081 +,069$8$&7 3-4$@.#*/ $-*1+06 *#$ ;08&08.1 *11"60*+$& %0+,'
;03$#1 "# a1"-*# $-*1+"101a %,06, 01 +,$ a)#4#0+067 <4#<-$7 <"-/."8*-7 <-*8*# ,CJ?;G :@AGEB
#$14-+ "; 6,#"806 148 &*:*.$C .#"11-/7 <*<4-$17 *8& <-*[4$1a &$16#03$1 +,01
-$10"81 *#$ -$11 +,*8 S6:7 +*8@3#"%8 "# &01"#&$# "; +,$ 1908 *8& :46"1*> H-1"
#$& 08 6"-"#7 %0+, 1*8&<*<$#@-09$ 8"+$& .#"11-/ *#$ m069,*: 1+#0*$7 %,06,
14#;*6$C :06#"16"<06*--/7 +,$#$ 01 *#$ %,0+$ -*6$-09$ :*#908.1 "2$# +,$
H+/<06*- &/19$#*+"+06 6$--1 08 3*1*- <*<4-$1C <*++$#8 "; 08;-*::*+0"8 "; +,01
$<0&$#:01 %0+, 08+$#6$--4-*# 3#0&.$17 &01"#&$# 01 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *8.4-*+$&7
1"-*# $-*1+"1017 ,/<$#<*#*9$#*+"101 *8& G0.G*. 6"8+"4# Aa1*%+""+,08.aB "; +,$
&$#:*- 6,#"806 08;-*::*+0"8> &$#:"$<0&$#:*- 5486+0"8>
DA@CHGAG= ;:C=?;@CA@ =E^><B +@CB=;<CGH PCB><P;<B
H 6"::"8 +4:"# *#0108. "8 148@ 'YEA^>EB J;@@ H #*#$ *4+"0::48$ 3-01+$#08. &01"#&$# !;^:?CHEB
$=<"1$& 10+$1 08 "-&$# <$"<-$7 %0+, JA<JCG>^A #$14-+08. ;#": -"11 "; 08+$.#0+/ "; 8"#:*- XE@HA<CB
,0.,$# 0860&$86$ 08 %":$8C :*/ *#01$ 08+$#6$--4-*# *++*6,:$8+1 %0+,08 +,$
;#": <#0"# *6+0806 9$#*+"1$17 +,$8 %,$8 $<0&$#:01 *8& :46"1*- $<0+,$-04:C
*&2*86$& 3$6":$1 8"&4-*# *8& :*/ 6*41$& 3/ * F/<$ ?? ,/<$#1$810+020+/
4-6$#*+$C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *8*<-*1+06 #$*6+0"8 A:*08-/ ?.KB *.*081+
A1$$8 "8 *-- -$2$-1 "; +,$ $<0&$#:01B7 &$1:".-$08C ,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$&
#"48&$& 6$--1 %0+, ;"60 "; 8$6#"101 *8& 3/ *6*8+,"-/101 0::$&0*+$-/ *3"2$ +,$
"8-/ *3"#+02$7 108.-$@6$-- 9$#*+080G*+0"8 3*1*- -*/$#>
A&/19$#*+"101B> H-1" *8 *4+"0::48$ A?.K@:$&0*+$& +E@@>EB
*.*081+ 34--"41 <$:<,0."0& *8+0.$81B :;^:?CH>CP
3-01+$#08. &01$*1$ *.*081+ +,$ $<0&$#:*-
3*1$:$8+ :$:3#*8$ 6":<"8$8+1
A,$:0&$1:"1":$1BC ,"%$2$#7 0+ 01
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 143$<0&$#:*-
8"8*6*8+,"-/+06 3-01+$#1>

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 34 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
H11"60*+$& %0+, 6$-0*6 &01$*1$C 6-0806*--/ 3;<^A=C=CB \"8&0+0"8 +,*+ #$14-+1 ;#": *CJM;=B KJ?C@P<;GLQ
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ <#4#0+06 4#+06*#0*-C ?;<:;=CZ><^CB b0+*:08 O &$;060$86/C %B=;>^A@AJCA KAPE@=BL
,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/
143$<0&$#:*- 3-01+$#1 +,*+ &$2$-"< ;#": 48&$#:08$#*-0G*+0"8 "; 3"8$ A*1
6"*-$16$86$ "; 2*64"-0G$& "<<"1$& +" "1+$"<"#"101 %,$#$
:06#"*316$11$1 *+ +,$ &$#:*- <*<0--* 3"8$ :08$#*- 6"8+$8+ 01 8"#:*-B7
+0<1> #$8&$#08. "8$ 1416$<+03-$ +"
-GZ;J=C>EB P;<^A=>B;B ;#*6+4#$1>
H 1908 08;$6+0"8 6*41$& 3/ $0+,$# >] -^:;=CH> Y*106 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 #069$+1 %B=;>:><>BCB. G><^A@
'.-2./ A6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ ;"#:*+0"8 ";
'.-2./ A6,*#*6+$#0G$& *8& "1+$":*-*60*7 *8& ^CG;<A@ChA=C>G5
34--*$B "# >] &=*:202/ A6,*#*6+$#0G$&
&=*:202/ A6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ "1+$"<"#"101> P;J<;AB;P [>G; ^ABB
*<<$*#*86$ "; ,"8$/@6"-"#$& 6#41+1BC *CJM;=BQ%B=;>^A@AJCA.
,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ P;J<;AB;P ^CG;<A@
1436"#8$*- 8$4+#"<,0-06 08;0-+#*+0"8> J>G=;G= >Z [>G;
H 3$80.8 -$10"8 6*41$ 3/ -"%@#019 1+#*081 a;<<EJA; \":<"8$8+1 "; 2"8 -GJ<;AB;P [>G; J;@@
"; _)b AQ7 i *8& PBC 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ I$69-08.,*41$8 &01$*1$ "; 3"8$> AJ=CXC=95 :;<C=<A[;JE@A<
9"0-"6/+06 *+/<0* A6/+"<-*1:06 ZC[<>BCB5 J9B=CJ [<>FG
2*64"-0G*+0"8B> =E^><B
F$#: 41$& ;"# 19$-$+*- 6,*8.$1 08 *;GA@ >B=;>P9B=<>:?9
2$"!#)* ]d. +%0)'5 6%-0#'5 "03 '%I# #-''() #(D%*' 6,#"806 #$8*- ;*0-4#$ A086-4&08.
7()'#-%0 "0'8)* &0*-/101B>
+%0)' %B=;>^9;@C=CB
2>GH;GC=A@ PCB><P;<B N"1+ 6"::"8 #"4+$ "; 08;$6+0"8 $;^A=>H;G>EB
N"1+ 6"::"8 19$-$+*- &/1<-*10*C  "J?>GP<>:@ABCA "; </".$806 "1+$":/$-0+01> PCBB;^CGA=C>G
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ N"1+ 6"::"8 "#.*801:  D> (,#&,3
&01<#"<"#+0"8*+$ 1,"#+$808. "; 0:<-06*+$& 08 </".$806
+,$ <#"=0:*- $=+#$:0+0$17 3"%08. "1+$":/$-0+01 "2$#*-->
"; +,$ -$.17 *8& * -"#&"+06 A1%*/@ \"::"8 "#.*801:1 0:<-06*+$& 08 X> )"6+N 83&,/"-"%(3N
3*69$&B <"1+4#$C <*+,"-"./ 01 </".$806 "1+$":/$-0+01 08 ?b &#4. Y6&'3+&66(
:4+*+0"81 "8 !K!IZC *4+"1":*- 41$#1 *8& <*+0$8+1 %0+, KXF
&":08*8+> 08;$6+0"81>
N"1+ 6"::"8 -$+,*- ;"#: "; #?AGA=>:?><CJ \"::"8 "#.*801:1 0:<-06*+$& 08 E> +%<6,&%A(& AGP
+%<6,&%A(& AGP /+'
&%*#;01:C *-1" 6*41$& 3/ P9B:@ABCA </".$806 "1+$":/$-0+01 08 K><HAGCB^B CGX>@X;B CG
:4+*+0"81 08 !K!ZC 414*- 6*41$ "; 8$"8*+$1> B;:BCBL
&$*+, 01 #$1<0#*+"#/ 0814;;060$86/ E#.*801: 0:<-06*+$& 08  D(6-"%&66(
A48&$#2$-"<$& 6,$1+ 6*20+/B> "1+$":/$-0+01 08 <*+0$8+1 %0+,
F,01 01 * .#"4< "; ,$#$&0+*#/ %B=;>H;G;BCB C^:;<Z;J= 1069-$ 6$-- *8$:0*>
&01"#&$#1 6*41$& 3/ &$;$6+02$ K%-L n[<C==@; [>G; H 6-0806*--/ 1$#0"41 ;"#: "; !>== PCB;AB;
1/8+,$101 "; +/<$ ? 6"--*.$8C PCB;AB;n +43$#64-"41 "1+$":/$-0+01
6-*1106 ;08&08. "; * a3-4$ 16-$#*$a 082"-208. 2$#+$3#*- 3"&0$1C 6*8
01 1$$8 08 "8$ +/<$ "; +,01 6*41$ 2$#+$3#*- &$;"#:0+/7
&01"#&$#C ,*1 i +/<$1C F/<$ ?? 01 6"--*<1$ *8& <"1+$#0"#
+,$ :"1+ -$+,*-C :"1+ 6"::"8-/ &01<-*6$:$8+ -$*&08. +"
*4+"1":*- &":08*8+> 8$4#"-".06 &$;060+1>
H &01$*1$ +,*+ :*80;$1+1 %0+, %B=;>:;=<>BCB K"@[;<B\ #E^><B
&$81$ 34+ 1+#46+4#*--/ 481"48& 'J?>G[;<H PCB;AB;L +>G;\Z><^CGH =E^><B
3"8$ &4$ +" :4+*+0"81 +,*+ #$14-+ nDA<[@; [>G; PCB;AB;n Y"8$@;"#:08. +4:"#1 %0+, %B=;>CP >B=;>^A
+" 0:<*0#$& "1+$"6-*1+ ;486+0"8C :*#9$& #$*6+02$ 3"8$ A80&41B 0>=;. >B=;>[@AB=>^AB
*-1" +,$ ;0#1+ &01$*1$ +" 3$ +#$*+$& ;"#:*+0"8C 6-0806*--/7 wQ 6: A<; g ] J^5 AGP :ACG CB
%0+, _J\ +#*81<-*8+*+0"8> -$10"81C <*08;4- 34+ #$-0$2$& 3/ G>= <;@C;X;P [9 0'"-3Bb
 "JYEC<;P PCB;AB;B DJH?O1> ^><:?>@>HCJA@@95 @;BB
F,$ ,*--:*#9 "; +,01 &01$*1$ 01 %B=;>:><>BCB GCPEB Z><^A=C>G
-"11 "; 3"8$C 6"#+06$1 *#$ +,088$& Y*106 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 "1+$"0& !<;B;GJ; >Z >B=;>[@AB=CJ
*8& +#*3$64-*$ *#$ #$&46$& 08 "1+$":*e"1+$"3-*1+":* *8& <C^^CGH CG >B=;>CP
+,0698$11C "1+$"6-*1+06 *6+020+/ 01 ;03#"41 &/1<-*10*> >B=;>^AQ>B=;>[@AB=>^A
<#$1$8+ 34+ 8"+ &#*:*+06*--/ H 3"8$@<#"&4608. :*-0.8*8+ %B=;>BA<J>^A
086#$*1$&C :08$#*- 6"8+$8+ "; +,$ :$1$86,/:*- +4:"#7
3"8$ +0114$ 01 8"#:*-> 6,*#*6+$#0G$& *1 .#0++/7 .#*/@
Y*106 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 ';X;<; >B=;>:;GCA %,0+$ +4:"#17 ";+$8 $=,030+08.
"1+$"<$80* *8& "1+$"<"#"101> ;G>EH? => CGJ<;AB; <CBM ,$:"##,*.$ *8& 6/1+06
>Z Z<AJ=E<;B CG &$.$8$#*+0"8C +,$ <#"&46+0"8 ";
>B=;>:><>BCB :08$#*-0G$& "# 48:08$#*-0G$&
\,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ #$<$+0+02$ !AH;= PCB;AB; >Z [>G; 3"8$ A"1+$"0&B 3/ :*-0.8*8+ 6$--1
$<01"&$1 "; ;#$8G0$&7 #$.0"8*- K%B=;C=CB P;Z><^AGBL 01 $11$8+0*- ;"# &0*.8"101C
"1+$"6-*1+06 *6+020+/ *8& 3"8$ *11"60*+$& %0+, \"&:*8 +#0*8.-$
#$1"#<+0"87 ;"--"%$& 3/ *8& 14834#1+ <*++$#87
$=43$#*8+ 3"8$ ;"#:*+0"87 *8& #*&0".#*<,06*--/C :$+*<,/1$*->
;08*--/ 3/ *8 *<<*#$8+ $=,*41+0"8 N"1+ 6"::"8 3$80.8 3"8$ %B=;>J?>GP<>^A
"; 6$--4-*# *6+020+/C +4:"#7 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ ,/*-08$
<*+,".8":"806 ;$*+4#$ 01 * 6*#+0-*.$@6*<<$& "4+.#"%+,1
a:"1*06 <*++$#8a "; -*:$--*# *++*6,$& 3/ * 3"8/ 1+*-9 +" +,$
3"8$C *11"60*+$& %0+, 1$6"8&*#/ 48&$#-/08. 19$-$+"8C
"1+$"1*#6":*> :$+*<,/1$*->

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 35 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
J$6"8& :"1+ 6"::"8 :*-0.8*8+ 2?>GP<>BA<J>^A M=*:<-$1 "; 1$#"8$.*+02$  "GM9@>BCGH B:>GP9@C=CB
:*+#0=|<#"&4608. +4:"# "; 3"8$C K0>=;. -Z 9>E B;; 1<"8&/-"*#+,#"<*+,0$1> K*?;E^A=>CP
* :*-0.8*8+ +4:"# "; ^A@CHGAG= =E^>< ^AP; B:>GP9@C=CB5 DA<C;\
6,#"8&#"6/+$1C +,$1$ -$10"8 >Z J?<>GP<>J9=;B CG A '=<E^:;@@ PCB;AB;L5
*#01$1 %0+,08 +,$ :$&4--*#/ J?C@P5 =?CGM *;AJ=CX; A<=?<C=CB
6*20+/ "; +,$ 3"8$ +" ;"#: *8 J?>GP<>[@AB=CJ K*;C=;< B9GP<>^;L5
$=<*810-$ .-01+$808. :*11 +,*+ >B=;>BA<J>^A ZC<B=L )G=;<C=CB\ABB>JCA=;P
";+$8 $#"&$1 +,$ 6"#+$=C +,$/ A<=?<C=CB5 !B><CA=CJ
$=,030+ :*-0.8*8+ ,/*-08$ *8& A<=?<C=CB
:/="0& 6*#+0-*.$C 08 0+1 2<9B=A@\CGPEJ;P A<=?<>:A=?9
6"82$8+0"8*- ;"#:7 0+ 01 *-:"1+ \#/1+*-@08&46$& *#+,#"<*+,/ &4$ />E=
*-%*/1 8$2$# ;"48& 08 6,0-&#$8> +" $=6$1102$ *:"48+1 "; 4#06 *60&C
J$6"8& :"1+ 6"::"8 .#"4< "; )FCGH BA<J>^A ,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ *
3"8$ 1*#6":*1 08 6,0-&#$8C &$81$ 8$4+#"<,0-06 08;0-+#*+$
<#0:*#/ :*-0.8*8+ 1:*-- #"48&@ <$#:$*+08. +,$ 1/8"204: *8&
6$-- +4:"# "; 3"8$ *8& 1";+ +0114$7 1/8"20*- ;-40&C -"8.7 1-$8&$#7
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ 1,$$+1 "; 1:*-- 8$$&-$@1,*<$& :"8"1"&04:
#"48& 6$--1 %0+, 16*8+7 6-$*#$& 4#*+$ 6#/1+*-1 *#$ ;#$[4$8+-/
6/+"<-*1:7 60#6-$& *3"4+ * 6$8+#*- ;"48& 08 +,$ 6/+"<-*1: "; +,$
;03#0--*#/ 1<*6$ "# a_":$#@ 8$4+#"<,0-1 *1 %$-- *1 08 1:*--
m#0.,+ #"1$++$1aC 3*106*--/ * 6-41+$#1 08 +,$ 1/8"204:>
)DMF "; 3"8$C *11"60*+$& %0+, * )*+,".8":"806 ;$*+4#$ "; ."4+C #>:?C
6,#":"1":*- +#*81-"6*+0"8 ;"#:$& 3/ -*#.$ *..#$.*+0"81 ";
*38"#:*-0+/ A+ASS'QQBB> 4#*+$ 6#/1+*-1 14##"48&$& 3/ *8
H #$-*+02$-/ 486"::"8 3$80.8 /CAG= J;@@ =E^>< >Z [>G; 08+$81$ 08;-*::*+"#/ #$*6+0"8 ";
+4:"# 414*--/ *#0108. 08 K%B=;>J@AB=>^AL -/:<,"6/+$17 :*6#"<,*.$17 *8&
08&020&4*-1 08 +,$0# QR1 +" iR1C ;"#$0.8@3"&/ .0*8+ 6$--17
+,$1$ *#$ -*#.$ *8& #$&@3#"%8 *++$:<+08. +" $8.4-; +,$ :*11$1
-$10"81 %0+, ;#$[4$8+ 6/1+06 "; 6#/1+*-1>
&$.$8$#*+0"87 6":<"1$& "; \#/1+*-@08&46$& *#+,#"<*+,/ &4$ !B;EP>H>E=
480;"#: "2*- :"8"846-$*# 6$--1 +" 6*-604: </#"<,"1<,*+$
%0+, ;#$[4$8+ :0+"1$17 %0+, &$<"10+0"8C 6#/1+*-1 *#$
16*++$#$& "1+$"6-*1+@+/<$ .0*8+ #,":3"0&7 *8& <"10+02$-/@
6$--1 6"8+*0808. SRR "# :"#$ 30#$;#08.$8+>
846-$0C -"6*--/ 082*102$C '%I# #-''()
$<0<,/1$*-> N"1+ 6"::"8 1";+ +0114$ +4:"# ,C:>^A
N"1+ 6"::"8 19$-$+*- D;=AB=AB;B "; *&4-+,""&>
:*-0.8*86/> N"1+ 6"::"8 1*#6":* "; ,C:>BA<J>^A
6%-0#' *&4-+,""&>
N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; *#+,#0+01C %B=;>A<=?<C=CB N"1+ 6"::"8 1";+ +0114$ *?A[P>^9>BA<J>^A
:"1+ ;48&*:$8+*- ;$*+4#$ 01 1*#6":* "; 6,0-&,""& *8&
&$.$8$#*+0"8 "; *#+064-*# *&"-$16$86$>
6*#+0-*.$C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ ?::48"1+*08 ;"# D9>H;GCG
;03#0--*+0"8 *8& 6#*6908. "; +,$ #,*3&":/"3-*1+06 &0;;$#$8+0*+0"8>
*#+064-*# 6*#+0-*.$ :*+#0=7 3"8$ N"1+ 6"::"8 8$"<-*1: 08 ,;C>^9>^A
$34#8*+0"87 *8& 3"8/ %":$8' 6"::"8 10+$ 01 +,$
"4+.#"%+,1e1<4#1 A"1+$"<,/+$1BC 4+$#41>
;4--@+,0698$11 <"#+0"81 "; +,$ ?::48"1+*081 ;"# 1:""+, :416-$ '^>>=? ^EBJ@; AJ=CG5
6*#+0-*.$ *#$ -"1+7 *8& +,$ &0;;$#$8+0*+0"8> P;B^CG
1436,"8&#*- 3"8$ <-*+$ 01
$=<"1$&> 2$"!#)* ]W. !)*-!$)*", 0)*a)' "03 'N),)#", D('2,)'
\,#"806 08;-*::*+"#/ *?;E^A=>CP A<=?<C=CB 7()'#-%0 "0'8)*
*4+"0::48$ &01$*1$ <#0860<*--/ K*"L 3CB><P;<B >Z :;<C:?;<A@ G;<X;
*++*6908. +,$ 5"08+1C :$6,*801:
N"1+ 6"::"8 6,#"806 *6[40#$& 2?<>GCJ CGZ@A^^A=><9
"; &01$*1$ 01 F/<$ ?b
<$#0<,$#*- 8$4#"<*+,/C 6-0806*- P;^9;@CGA=CGH
,/<$#1$810+020+/C #*&0".#*<,06
;$*+4#$ 01 :0=$& 1$81"#0:"+"# :>@9<APCJE@>G;E<>:A=?9
,*--:*#9 "; +,01 5"08+ &01$*1$ *#$
<"-/8$4#"<*+,/ g Q :"8+,1> K2-3!L
5"08+ $;;410"81 *8& 54=+*@*#+064-*#
N"1+ 6"::"8 08,$#0+$& 2?A<J>=\DA<C; #>>=?
"1+$"<$80* %0+, $#"10"8 *8&
<$#0<,$#*- 8$4#"<*+,/C ,*1 K2D#L PCB;AB;
8*##"%08. "; 5"08+ 1<*6$ *8& -"11
*4+"1":*- &":08*8+ A\NFS *8&
"; *#+064-*# 6*#+0-*.$>
QB *8& \NFf Af@-089$&B ;"#:1C
Y*106 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 EH *8& 6>CG= ZEBC>G CB A[B;G= CG
\NFQ 01 *8 *="8*- 8$4#"<*+,/
IH> %"
+,*+ 01 <,$8"+/<06*--/ 1$2$#$ *8&
\-*1106 -$10"8 "; IH 6":<"1$& "; !AGGEB <#$1$8+1 $*#-/ 08 -0;$>
<#"-0;$#*+08. 1/8"20*- -0808. 6$--1
I*<0&-/ <#".#$1102$ *64+$ /EC@@ACG\+A<<;
*&:0=$& %0+, 08;-*::*+"#/ 6$--17
&$:/$-08*+08. &01"#&$# *;;$6+08. B9GP<>^;
.#*84-*+0"8 +0114$7 *8& ;03#"41
:"+"# *="81 +,*+ #$14-+1 08
6"88$6+02$ +0114$C +,$
*16$8&08. %$*98$11 +,*+ :*/
"2$#.#"%+, "; +,01 +0114$ 01 1"
-$*& +" &$*+, ;#": ;*0-4#$ ";
$=43$#*8+ +,*+ +,$ 414*--/ +,087
#$1<0#*+"#/ :416-$1 "2$# *
1:""+, 1/8"20*- :$:3#*8$ 01
<$#0"& "; "8-/ 1$2$#*- &*/1C
+#*81;"#:$& 08+" -41,7
*11"60*+$& %0+, ?] X2X.0( 08;$6+0"8>
X2X.0( 08;$6+0"8>
$&$:*+"417 ;#"8&-09$ A20--"41B
F,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; 3CB=A@ B9^^;=<CJ
<#"5$6+0"81>
&0*3$+06 8$4#"<*+,/ AON B;GB><C^>=><
8$4#"<*+,/' :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ G;E<>:A=?9
"; <$#0<,$#*- 8$4#"<*+,/B

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 36 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
3CB><P;<B >Z G;E<>^EBJE@A< `EGJ=C>G H4+"1":*- &":08*8+ &01"#&$# 0;E<>ZC[<>^A=>BCB #9:;
O01"#&$# 6*41$& 3/ D9AB=?;GCA H<AXCB 6*41$& 3/ :4+*+0"81 08 +,$ +4:"# T
*4+"*8+03"&0$1 +,*+ 3-"69 +,$ 14<<#$11"# 8$4#";03#":08 *
;486+0"8 "; <"1+1/8*<+06 +4:"# 14<<#$11"# "; I*1
*6$+/-6,"-08$ #$6$<+"#1 *+ :"+"# "86"<#"+$087 $86"&$& "8
$8& <-*+$17 %,06, #$14-+1 08 +,$ \,#":"1":$ SP ASP[SS>QBC
&$.#*&*+0"8 *8& &$<-$+0"8 "; +,$ *11"60*+$& %0+, &$2$-"<:$8+ ";
#$6$<+"#1C 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+1 8$4#";03#":*17 N)DJF17 "<+06
%0+, ;*+0.*3-$ %$*98$11> 8$#2$ .-0":*17 "+,$# .-0*- +4:"#1
O01"#&$# 6*41$& 3/ ,A^[;<=\)A=>G *8& ,*:*#+"!"#$%& ()&*$+&,
*4+"*8+03"&0$1 +,*+ 08,030+ +,$ ^9AB=?;GCJ B9GP<>^; !"#$%"&$'$%()$'*+, !./'#0)#1
;486+0"8 "; <#$1/8*<+06 6*-604: K,)D'L !"!# %&'()*# +,!#-. %&'()*#/0 1%'
6,*88$-17 %,06, #$&46$1 +,$ !"#$%&'"( *+,&-,./0&%#&1
#$-$*1$ "; *6$+/-6,"-08$ 08+" +,$ !"#$%&' )"*+%%",- .,&#/%+01 "02
1/8*<+06 6-$;+C *11"60*+$& %0+, !"#$ "& '"() *+,)*-.
J\U\ *1 <*#*8$"<-*1+06 H4+"1":*- &":08*8+ &01"#&$# 0;E<>ZC[<>^A=>BCB #9:;
1/8&#":$> 6*41$& 3/ :4+*+0"81 08 +,$ ]
 "JYEC<;P PCB><P;<B >Z BM;@;=A@ ^EBJ@; :$#-08 .$8$ AD!QB7 * +4:"#
N"1+ 6"::"8 08 08;-*::*+"#/ 3;<^A=>^9>BC=CB 14<<#$11"# +,*+ ;*60-0+*+$1 M@
:/"<*+,/ 08 6,0-&#$8C *11"60*+$& 6*&,$#08 6"8+*6+ 08,030+0"87 08
%0+, K"++#"8 <*<4-$1 *8& \,#":"1":$ QQ A\,QQ[SQBC
,$-0"+#"<$ #*1, A1$$ )$&0*+#061BC ,*--:*#9 01 30-*+$#*- 2$1+034-*#
:06#"16"<06*--/7 0+ 01 *11"60*+$& 16,%*88":*17 :$808.0":*1 *8&
%0+, <$#02*164-*# :"8"846-$*# $<$8&/:":*1 A6"::"8-/
6$-- 08;0-+#*+$17 ]&#"<"4+^ "; 08+#*1<08*-B>
6*<0--*#0$17 +,$ <#$1$86$ "; 1"@
6*--$& +434-"#$+064-*# 086-410"81 2$"!#)* ]j. #$) 2)0#*", 0)*a%(' '1'#)D
08 $8&"+,$-0*- 6$--17 *8& :/";03$# D"+$' \"8.$80+*- *8":*-0$1 *#$ ":0++$& 3$6*41$ "; -"%@/0$-&C ;"#
&*:*.$ 08 * <*#*1$<+*- "# 6":<-$+0"87 /"4 :*/ #$;$# +" +,$ <*#$8+ ,*8&"4+> H-1"7 1":$
<$#0;*16064-*# <*++$#8> 6"::"8 \DJ *8":*-0$1 *#$ &016411$& 08 *8*+":/ A48&$#
Y*106 &0;;$#$86$ 3$+%$$8 'MCG J?AGH;B A[B;G= CG $:3#/"-"./B> \DJ 08;$6+0"81 *#$ 6"2$#$& 08 N06#"30"-"./7 *8&
&$#:*+":/"10+01 *8& :>@9^9>BC=CB -4:3*# +*< ;08&08.1 ;"# :$808.0+0&$1 *#$ 6"2$#$& 08 ?N *8&
<"-/:/"10+01> )$&0*+#061>
N"1+ 6"::"8 08;-*::*+"#/ -GJ@EBC>G [>P9 ^9>BC=CB 7()'#-%0 "0'8)*
:/"<*+,/ 08 <*+0$8+1 "-&$# +,*8 2;@@E@A< :A=?>@>H9 >Z =?; 20'
Tc /$*#1C 6-0806*--/ <#$1$8+ %0+, K$8$#*- #$1<"81$ "; 8$4#"81 +" 0854#/>  "JE=;. -G=;GB;
[4*&#06$<1 *8& &01+*- 4<<$# ;>BCG>:?C@CA K<;P
$=+#$:0+/ %$*98$117 %0+, G;E<>GL
&/1<,*.0*> 2?<>GCJ. J;@@ @>BB
K$8$#*- #$1<"81$ "; *1+#"6/+$1 *8&  "B=<>J9=;B.
:06#".-0* +" 0854#/> $9:;<:@ABCA5
DEBJE@A< P9B=<>:?C;B ?9:;<=<>:?9b FC=?
O01"#&$#1 6*41$& 3/ :4+*+0"8 08 3EJ?;GG; DEBJE@A< AJJE^E@A=C>G >Z
&/1+#"<,08 .$8$ 08 f 39B=<>:?9 /I"!
6,#":"1":$ Af<QSBC <*+0$8+1 K3D3LQ+;JM;< DCJ<>H@CA.
<#$1$8+ %0+, %$*98$11 *+ *#"48& DEBJE@A< 39B=<>:?9 :<>@CZ;<A=C>G
c /$*#1 "; *.$C K+D3L K@;BB B;X;<;L )P;^A5 ?;<GCA=C>G AGP ?9P<>J;:?A@EB KZ>JEB >G H;G;<A@
<1$4&",/<$#+#"<,/ "; +,$ 6*-; J>GJ;:=BL
:416-$1 01 *8 0:<"#+*8+ 080+0*- ?+ 01 +,$ *664:4-*+0"8 "; $=6$11 ;-40& 2;<;[<A@ ;P;^A
<,/106*- ;08&08.C *11"60*+$& %0+, %0+,08 +,$ 3#*08 <*#$86,/:*> F,$
K"%$# 10.8> 3#*08 01 1";+$# +,*8 8"#:*- *8& ";+$8
O0;;$#$86$1 08 &/1+#"<,08 3D3. 39B=<>:?CGK\L *<<$*#1 +" a"2$#;0--a +,$ 6#*80*- 2*4-+>
0::48",01+"6,$:01+#/ 3$+%$$8 +D3. 39B=<>:?CGKoL [E= ?8 .$8$#*-0G$& $&$:* +,$ ./#0 *#$
ONO *8& YNO> <;PEJ;P ;-*++$8$&7 +,$ 08+$#2$808. 14-60 *#$
!;<C:?;<A@ G;<X; B?;A=? =E^><B 8*##"%$&7 *8& +,$ 2$8+#064-*# 6*20+0$1
N0=+4#$ "; 6$--4-*# *#$*1 AH8+"80 'J?FAGG>^AQ *#$ 6":<#$11$&C 6*8 3$ 2*1".$806
HB *8& ,/<"6$--4-*# *#$*1 08 0;E<C@;^^>^A A"664#1 %,$8 +,$ 08+$.#0+/ "; +,$
:/="0& 1+#":* AH8+"80 YB %0+, 8"#:*- 3-""&@3#*08 3*##0$# 01
<*-01*&08. "; 846-$0 *8& b$#"6*/ &01#4<+$&C %0+, 086#$*1$& 2*164-*#
3"&0$1C ?::48",01+"6,$:06*- <$#:$*30-0+/7 ;-40& 1,0;+1 ;#": +,$
1+*0808. ;"# J@SRR 01 <"10+02$C 2*164-*# 6":<*#+:$8+ 08+" +,$
*11"60*+$& %0+, D! +/<$ Q> 08+$#6$--4-*# 1<*6$1 "; +,$ 3#*08B7 "#
F4:"# 6":<"1$& "; Y-*8& 0;E<>ZC[<>^A 6/+"+"=06 A&4$ +" *8 086#$*1$ 08
J6,%*88 6$--1 %0+, 1+#":*- 6$--1 08+#*6$--4-*# ;-40& 1$6"8&*#/ +"
A:*1+ 6$--17 <$#08$4#0*- 6$--17 8$4#"8*-7 .-0*-7 "# $8&"+,$-0*- 6$--
\OZil 1<08&-$ 6$--1 *8& :$:3#*8$ 0854#/7 *1 :0.,+ 3$
;03#"3-*1+1B 08 * -""1$ 6"--*.$8 $86"48+$#$& 08 *8 08&020&4*- %0+, *
1+#":*C *11"60*+$& %0+, D! +/<$ .$8$#*-0G$& ,/<"=06e016,$:06 0814-+ "#
S> %0+, $=<"14#$ +" 1":$ +"=081B>
N"1+ 6"::"8 "#0.08 "; DA@CHGAG=
:*-0.8*8+ <$#0<,$#*- 8$#2$ =<AGBZ><^A=C>G >Z A
1,$*+, +4:"#1> :@;OCZ><^ G;E<>ZC[<>^A

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 37 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
I$;$#1 +" +,$ *664:4-*+0"8 "; \J! $9P<>J;:?A@EB )*+0$8+1 %0+, +,01 +/<$ "; 08+#*6#*80*- 'E[A<AJ?G>CP
-$*&08. +" &0-*+0"8 "; +,$ 2$8+#064-*# ,$:"##,*.$ 6":<-*081 "; ,*208. a+,$ ?;^><<?AH;
1/1+$:C 6*8 3$ 8"86"::4806*+08. %"#1+ ,$*&*6,$ ?p2$ $2$# ,*&ae
A;#": *8 "31+*6-$ "# &01#4<+0"8 "; ;-"% +,48&$#6-*< ,$*&*6,$C +,$ :"1+
1$$8 :"1+ 6"::"8-/ *+ +,$ ;"#*:$8 "; ;#$[4$8+ 6*41$ 01 #4<+4#$ "; 1*664-*#
N"8#"$ "# *[4$&46+ "; J/-2041B7 "# 3$##/ *8$4#/1:C :"1+ 6"::"8
6"::4806*+08. A&4$ +" #$&46$& -"6*+0"8 01 H\H@H\"H 5486+0"8 AiRkB>
#$1"#<+0"8 "; \J!C *-- "; +,$ 2$8+#064-*# H 2*164-*# :*-;"#:*+0"8 %,$#$08 +,$  "<=;<C>X;G>EB
1/1+$: 01 $8-*#.$&B> 082"-2$& 2$11$-1 #$1$:3-$ * +*8.-$& ^A@Z><^A=C>G
M;;$6+ "; 086#$*1$& 08+#*6#*80*- $;<GCA=C>G 8$+%"#9 "; %"#:-09$ 2*164-*#
<#$114#$ ;#": *8 086#$*1$ 08 2"-4:$ "; 6,*88$-1C :06#"16"<06*--/7 +,$/ *#$
*8/ 08+#*6#*80*- 6":<"8$8+C :*/ -$*& $8-*#.$& 3-""& 2$11$-1 1$<*#*+$& 3/
+" 2*164-*# 6":<#":01$7 08;*#6+0"87 .-0"+06 +0114$7 ";+$8 %0+, $20&$86$ ";
*&&0+0"8*- 1%$--08. *8& ,$#80*+0"8C ,*1 <#0"# ,$:"##,*.$C 6"::"8 -"6*+0"8
1$2$#*- +/<$1 086-4&08.7 143;*-608$7 2$11$-1 082"-2$& *#$ "; +,$
+#*81+$8+"#0*-7 *8& +"810--*#> 143*#*6,8"0& 1<*6$ *8& 3#*08>
20' =<AE^A KZ>JEB >G =<AE^A=CJ XABJE@A< CG`E<C;BL 3;^9;@CGA=CGH PCB><P;<B
F,01 -$*&1 +" *664:4-*+0"8 "; 3-""& ):CPE<A@ N"1+ 6"::"8 &$:/$-08*+08. &01"#&$#C DE@=C:@; BJ@;<>BCB
3$+%$$8 +,$ &4#* *8& +,$ 194--C +,$ ?;^A=>^A 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ &01+086+ $<01"&$1 ";
$=<*8&08. ,$:*+":* ,*1 * 1:""+, 8$4#"-".06 &$;060+17 1$<*#*+$& 08 +0:$7
088$# 6"8+"4# +,*+ 6":<#$11$1 +,$ *++#034+*3-$ +" %,0+$ :*++$# -$10"81
3#*08 14#;*6$C 6-0806*--/7 <*+0$8+1 :*/ +,*+ *#$ 1$<*#*+$& 08 1<*6$C *;;$6+$&
$=<$#0$86$ * -460& 08+$#2*- 3$+%$$8 *#$*1 1,"% :4-+0<-$7 %$--@
+,$ :":$8+ "; +#*4:* *8& 60#64:16#03$&7 1-0.,+-/ &$<#$11$&7
&$2$-"<:$8+ "; 8$4#"-".06 1/:<+":1C .-*11/7 .#*/@+*87 0##$.4-*#-/ 1,*<$&
3-$$&08. 1"4#6$ 414*--/ *#+$#0*- A;#": -$10"817 +$#:$& a<-*[4$1aC 6"::"8
:0&&-$ :$808.$*- *#+$#/ 08 <+$#0"8 080+0*- :*80;$1+*+0"8 01 480-*+$#*-
;#*6+4#$1BC "8 0:*.08.7 +/<06*--/ 1,"%1 082"-2$:$8+ "; +,$ "<+06 8$#2$ A"<+06
* -$8+0;"#: 3-$$&> "# #$+#"34-3*# 8$4#0+01B>
F,01 -$*&1 +" *664:4-*+0"8 "; 3-""& 08 'E[PE<A@ \J! ;08&08.1 08 N4-+0<-$ 16-$#"101> D>P;<A=;
+,$ 143&4#*- 1<*6$C 3-$$&08. 01 414*--/ ?;^A=>^A :@;>J9=>BCB5 ^C@P@9
2$8"41 A;#": 0854#/ +" 3#0&.08. 2$081BC ;@;XA=;P :<>=;CG5
414*--/ "31$#2$& 08 $=+#$:$1 "; *.$1C CGJ<;AB;P -H/
6*8 3$ 6,#"806C "8 0:*.08.7 +/<06*--/ K>@CH>J@>GA@L
1,"%1 * 6#$16$8+@1,*<$& 3-$$&> \-0806*--/ <#$1$8+ %0+, 30-*+$#*- "<+06 0;E<>^9;@C=CB
2;<;[<>XABJE@A< PCB;AB;B 8$4#0+01 *8& 1<08*- 6"#& >:=CJA K0D%L
?8 +,$ 1$++08. "; +,01 6"8&0+0"87 +,$ /@>[A@ J;<;[<A@ &$:/$-08*+0"8C *11"60*+$& %0+,
3#*08 01 1%"--$87 %0+, %0&$ ./#0 *8& CBJ?;^CA *8+03"&0$1 *.*081+ *[4*<"#08@i>
8*##"%$& 14-60C +,$ 64+ 14#;*6$ 1,"%1 O$:/$-08*+08. &01"#&$# *11"60*+$& 2;G=<A@ :>G=CG;
<""# &$:*#6*+0"8 3$+%$$8 .#*/ *8& %0+, #*<0& 6"##$6+0"8 "; ,/<"8*+#$:0*> ^9;@CG>@9BCB
%,0+$ :*++$#C #$14-+1 ;#": .$8$#*-0G$& K2!DLQ%B^>=CJ
#$&46+0"8 "; 6$#$3#*- <$#;410"87 P;^9;@CGA=C>G
414*--/ 3$-"% 1/1+"-06 <#$114#$1 "; -$11 B9GP<>^; K%3'L
+,*8 cR::_.> 0;E<>P;H;G;<A=CX; PCB;AB;B
D$4#"81 :"1+ 1$810+02$ +" 016,$:0*> !9<A^CPA@ @A9;< >Z ?+ 01 +,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ ";  "@h?;C^;< PCB;AB;
?C::>JA^:EB &$:$8+0* 08 +,$ "-&$# *&4-+17 K"3L
K2"T. '>^^;< 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ <#$1$86$ "; <-*[4$1
B;J=><L5 J;<;[;@@A< 6":<"1$& "; Hs *:/-"0&7 *8&
!E<MCG`; J;@@B5 8$4#";03#0--*#/ +*8.-$1 6":<"1$& ";
:9<A^CPA@ J;@@B >Z F*4 <#"+$081>
J;<;[<A@ J><=;O U"11 "; &"<*:08$#.06 8$4#"81 08 !A<MCGB>G PCB;AB;
I$14-+1 ;#": 6$#$3#*- *#+$#/ "66-410"87 I>JA@ J;<;[<A@ 1431+*8+0* 80.#*C +#0*& "; +#$:"#7 K!3L
$0+,$# +,#":3"+06 "# $:3"-06C *8& CBJ?;^CA #0.0&0+/ *8& 3#*&/908$10*C +,$#$ *#$
,$:"##,*.06 "# 8"8,$:"##,*.06C 108.-$ "# :4-+0<-$7 08+#*6/+"<-*1:067
8"8,$:"##,*.06 08;*#6+1 1,"% $"108"<,0-067 #"48& +" $-"8.*+$&
-0[4$;*6+02$ 8$6#"101 "; +,$ 3#*08 086-410"81 +,*+ ";+$8 ,*2$ * &$81$ 6"#$
<*#$86,/:*> 14##"48&$& 3/ * <*-$ ,*-" "# U$%/
?854#/ +" 1:*-- <$#;"#*+08. 2$11$-1 08 ,AJEGA< CGZA<J=B 3"&0$17 6":<"1$& "; z@1/846-$08
+,$ ;"#: "; 16-$#"101 &4$ +" *..#$*.*+$1>
,/<$#+$810"8C :"#<,"-".06*--/7 1:*--7 H664:4-*+0"8 "; U$%/ 3"&0$1 08 3*1*- ,;F9 [>P9
6*20+*#/ 08;*#6+1 A-*648$1B> 846-$41 "; N$/8$#+ -$*&1 +" +,01 P;^;G=CA
?854#/ +" 1:*-- <$#;"#*+08. 2$11$-17 08 '@C= ?;^><<?AH;B 6"8&0+0"8'
+,$ ;"#: "; #4<+4#$ "; 1:*-- 2$11$-1 F,01 01 +,$ :"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: ";  "^9=<>:CJ @A=;<A@
&4$ +" ,/<$#+$810"8C :"#<,"-".06*--/7 8$4#"&$.$8$#*+0"8 *;;$6+08. +,$ :"+"# BJ@;<>BCB K",'L
+0114$ &$1+#46+0"87 <0.:$8+@-*&$8 1/1+$:C 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ :416-$
:*6#"<,*.$1 *8& .-0"101> *+#"<,/ *8& ,/<$#$;-$=0* &4$ +" -"11 ";
Y-$$&08. 1$6"8&*#/ +" #4<+4#$ "; 1:*-- $9:;<=;GBCX; 3"+, 4<<$# *8& -"%$# :"+"# 8$4#"81>
08+#*<*#$86,/:*- 2$11$-C CG=<A:A<;GJ?9^A@  "JYEC<;P ^;=A[>@CJ AGP =>OCJ PCB=E<[AGJ;B
8"8+#*4:*+06C :"1+ 6"::"8 6*41$ "; ?;^><<?AH; )1/6,"+06 1/:<+":1 "# 8;<GCJM;
&$$< <*#$86,/:*- ,$:"##,*.$ 01 "<,+,*-:"<-$.0* "8 * 3*69.#"48& "; B9GP<>^;
,/<$#+$810"8C 6"::"8-/ *;;$6+1 +,$ *64+$ *-6","-01:C #$2$#103-$ %0+,
3*1*- .*8.-0* A<4+*:$8B7 +,*-*:417 +,0*:08$ *&:0801+#*+0"8C
*8& <"81> :"#<,"-".06*--/7 ,$:"##,*.$ *8&
?8+#*<*#$86,/:*- ,$:"##,*.$ 2;<;[<A@ A^9@>CP 8$6#"101 "; +,$ :*:0--*#/ 3"&0$1 *8&
*;;$6+08. +,$ -$<+":$808.$1 *8& AGHC>:A=?9\ +,$ %*--1 "; +,$ +,0#& *8& ;"4#+,
6"#+$=C &4$ +" &$<"10+0"8 "; *:/-"0& 08 ABB>JCA=;P 2$8+#06-$1
1:*-- +" :$&04:@10G$& -$<+":08.$*- CG=<A:A<;GJ?9^A@
*8& 6"#+06*- 2$11$-1> ?;^><<?AH;
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 38 of 40
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
J,"#+@+$#: :$:"#/ &01+4#3*86$1 *8& N><BAM>ZZ 2$"!#)* ]S. #$) )1)
6"8;*34-*+0"8 "8 * 3*69.#"48& "; B9GP<>^; 7()'#-%0 "0'8)*
6,#"806 *-6","-01:C 8"+ #$2$#103-$ %0+, %<[C=
+,0*:08$ *&:0801+#*+0"8C !"#%*#& &01<-*6$:$8+ "; +,$ $/$C ,*1 !<>:=>BCB
:"#<,"-".06*--/7 6/1+06 1<*6$ %0+, +%" ;"#:1' *=0*- *8& <"10+0"8*->
,$:"10&$#08@-*&$8 :*6#"<,*.$1 08 N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ +4:"# "; +,$ aABJE@A< =E^><B
&"#1":$&0*- 846-$41 "; +,$ +,*-*:41> "#30+> K-GZAGJ9 AGP
O$.$8$#*+0"8 "; <"1+$#"-*+$#*- 6"#& 'E[AJE=; ;A<@9 J?C@P?>>P.
+#*6+1 &4$ +" *38"#:*- :/$-08 J>^[CG;P JA:C@@A<9
;"#:*+0"8 *11"60*+$& %0+, b0+*:08 YSQ P;H;G;<A=C>G ?;^AGHC>^A5
&$;060$86/C 6-0806*--/7 1$81"#/ @9^:?AGHC>^Ab
&01+4#3*86$ *8& *+*=0* 08 UM1 +,*+ APE@=B. JAX;<G>EB
-$*&1 +" 1<*1+06 <*#*-/101 *8& ?;^AGHC>^AL
<*#*<-$.0*> )9;@CP
#E^><B N"1+ 6"::"8 :*-0.8*86/ "; +,$ $/$-0&> +ABA@ J;@@
/@C>^AB JA<JCG>^A
\/+".$8$+06 "#0.08 01 *1+#"6/+$1C ;"#:1  "B=<>J9=>^A 2>G`EGJ=CXA
086-4&$' )0-"6/+06 Am_E ?e?bB M+0"-".06 *.$8+ "; 6"85486+020+01 +,*+ -$*& !16(-$/+(
A6"::"8 08 6,0-&#$8B7 m$--@ +" 10.80;06*8+ 6"85486+02*- 16*##08.> *#()1"-(*+3
&0;;$#$8+0*+$& Am_E ??e?bB7 H8*<-*1+06 N"1+ 6"::"8 10+$ "; 6"85486+02*- ,C^[EB
Am_E ???e?bB *8& .-0"3-*1+":* Am_E 8$"<-*1:1>
?be?bB AD"+$' +,$ #$1+ $=6$<+ <0-"6/+06 \"::"8 ,01+"-"./ "; 6"::"8 'YEA^>EB J;@@
*1+#"6/+":* *#$ 6*--$& 08;0-+#*+08. :*-0.8*860$1> JA<JCG>^AB5
*1+#"6/+":*17 *8& *#$ 6"::"8 08 D;@AG>^AB
*&4-+1B>  "G=;<C>< B;H^;G=
_01+"-".06 6#0+$#0* ;"# +,$ &0*.8"101 "; 0;J<>BCB AGP ?8;-*::*+0"8 %0+,08 +,$ 20+#$"41 )GP>:?=?A@^C=CB
.-0"3-*1+":*> ;GP>=?;@CA@ ,4:"#>
:<>@CZ;<A=C>G ?8;-*::*+0"8 082"-208. +,$ #$+08*7 42$*7 !AG>:?=?A@^C=CB
\/+".$8$+06 "#0.08 01 "-0."&$8&#"6/+$1C %@CH>P;GP<>H@C>^A 16-$#* *8& "#30+>
;"#:1 086-4&$' m$--@&0;;$#$8+0*+$& E<*60;06*+0"8 "; +,$ -$81> 2A=A<AJ=
Am_E ??e?bB7 *8& H8*<-*1+06 Am_E
???e?bBC ,01+"-".06*--/ 6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ J43:46"1*- ;03#"2*164-*# 6"88$6+02$ !CGHE;JE@A
#"48& +4:"# 6$--1 %0+, 6/+"<-*1:06 +0114$ +,*+ &"$1 8"+ 082*&$ +,$ 6"#8$*>
,*-"1 Aa;#0$&@$.. *<<$*#*86$B 14<<-0$&
J43:46"1*- ;03#"2*164-*# 6"88$6+02$ !=;<9HCE^
* 3/ 8$+%"#9 "; *8*1+":"108.
+0114$ +,*+ 082*&$1 +,$ 6"#8$*C
6*<0--*#0$1 %0+, 6*-60;06*+0"81>
*11"60*+$& %0+, 2014*- <#"3-$:1
\"::"8 -"6*+0"8 "; +,01 +4:"# 01 8$*# ):;GP9^>^A A*1+0.:*+01:B>
i+, 2$8+#06-$ &4#08. +,$ ;0#1+ +%"
(X;A
&$6*&$1 "; -0;$7 *8& 08+#*1<08*- 08
?8;-*::*+0"8 "; +,$ +0114$1 +,*+ (X;C=CB
*&4-+1C 6/+".$8$+06 "#0.08 01 $<$8&/:*-
6":<#01$ +,$ 42$* A0#017 60-0*#/ 3"&/ *8&
6$--1C +$8& <$#02*164-*# <1$4&"#"1$++$1
6,"#"0&B>
"8 ,01+"-".06 $=*:08*+0"8>
!>><@9\PCZZ;<;G=CA=;P =E^><B
N"1+ 6"::"8 08+#*"64-*# :*-0.8*86/> D;=AB=AB;B =>
E;+$8 -"6*+$& :0&-08$ 08 +,$ D;PE@@>[@AB=>^A
EX;A
6$#$3$--4: 08 6,0-&#$87 *8& -*+$#*- 08
N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ 08+#*"64-*# D;@AG>^A
*&4-+1C "8 ,01+"-"./7 -$10"8 01
:*-0.8*86/ 08 *&4-+1>
$=+#$:$-/ 6$--4-*# %0+, 1,$$+1 ";
*;=CGA AGP XC=<;>EB
*8*<-*1+06 A1:*-- 3-4$B 6$--1C 6*8 *-1"
X86-$*8 20+#$"41 &$+*6,:$8+ +$*#1 +,$ *?;H^A=>H;G>EB
;"#: _":$#@m#0.,+ #"1$++$1C
#$+08*C -0[4$;0$& 20+#$"41 *664:4-*+$1 <;=CGA@
$11$8+0*--/ * <#0:0+02$
3$+%$$8 I)M *8& 8$4#"1$81"#/ #$+08*C P;=AJ?^;G=
8$4#"$6+"&$#:*- +4:"# A)DMFBC
082"-2$1 ;4--@+,0698$11 #$+08*- &$;$6+>
#*&0"1$810+02$>
H8/ 6"8&0+0"8 +,*+ &*:*.$1 +,$ I)M *8& 0>G\
%=?;< =E^><B
<$#:0+1 ;-40& +" -$*9 ;#": +,$ 6,"#"0&*- <?;H^A=>H;G>EB
N"1+ 6"::"8 ;"#: "; <#0:*#/ \DJ 3,+2,
60#64-*+0"8 48&$# +,$ #$+08* A6,"#"0&*-
-/:<,":*>
+4:"#17 :*-0.8*8+ ,/<$#+$810"8B -$*&1
\/+".$8$+06 "#0.08 01 *#*6,8"0& D;GCGHC>^A
+" +,01 +/<$ "; #$+08*- &$+*6,:$8+C &"$1
:$808."+,$-0*- 6$--1C 2*#0$& ,01+"-".06
8"+ 082"-2$ ;4--@+,0698$11 #$+08*- &$;$6+>
<*++$#81 086-4&$ 1/86/+0*-7 ;03#"3-*1+067
E<,+,*-:"-".06 $:$#.$86/C 414*--/ 2;G=<A@ <;=CGA@
+#*810+0"8*-7 <1*::":*+"41 *8&
"664#1 %0+, 016,$:0*C ,01+"-".06*--/ A<=;<9 >JJ@EBC>G
1$6#$+"#/ A*11"60*+$& %0+,
6,*#*6+$#0G$& 3/ ;#*.:$8+1 "; K2*"%L
<1$4&"<1*::":* 3"&0$1BC .#*&$1
*+,$#"16-$#"+06 <-*[4$ -"&.$& 08 #$+08*-
086-4&$' F/<06*- Am_E ?e?bB7 H+/<06*-
60#64-*+0"8 A_"--$8,"#1+ <-*[4$1BC *8&
Am_E ??e?bBC *8& H8*<-*1+06
6,$##/@#$& 1<"+ 08 :*64-* A;"2$* *8&
AN*-0.8*8+B Am_E ???e?bB>
;"2$"-*B %0+, #$+08*- <*--"#>
J,*#<-/ &$:*#6*+$& :*11$17 ";+$8 *+ D;=AB=AB;B
I$+08*- ,$:"##,*.$17 &0-*+$& +"#+4"41 2;G=<A@ <;=CGA@
+,$ 5486+0"8 "; .#*/ *8& %,0+$ :*++$#7
#$+08*- 2$0817 6"++"8@%""- 1<"+17 :*64-*# X;CG >JJ@EBC>G
414*--/ 14##"48&$& 3/ * G"8$ ";
$&$:*7 *8& "<+06 &016 $&$:*7 *#$ K2*a%L
$&$:*C 414*- 1"4#6$1 *#$ -48.7 3#$*1+7
;08&08.1 +/<06*- "; +,01 6"8&0+0"87 %,06,
1908 A:$-*8":*B7 90&8$/7 *8& K?F7 *8&
:*/ "664# 08 +,$ <#$1$86$ "# *31$86$ ";
6,"#0"6*#608":*1>
016,$:0*>
N"1+ 6"::"8 +/<$ "; #$+08*- -/:<,":*> 3,+2,

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 39 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE by KEVIN ELOMINA, MD
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ 08+#*"64-*# *;=CG>[@AB=>^A
:*-0.8*86/ 08 6,0-&#$8C 6-0806*- ;08&08.1
086-4&$ <""# 2010"87 1+#*301:417 %,0+01,
,4$ %,$8 $/$1 *#$ 0--4:08*+$&
A-4$9"6"#0*BC ,01+"-".06*--/7 6":<"1$& ";
1:*--7 #"48& 6$--1 %0+, -*#.$
,/<$#6,#":*+06 846-$0 *8& 16*8+
6/+"<-*1:7 %0+, 6,*#*6+$#01+06
1+#46+4#$1 6"8101+08. "; 6-41+$#1 ";
643"0&*- "# 1,"#+ 6"-4:8*# 6$--1
*##*8.$& *#"48& * 6$8+#*- -4:$8C 846-$0
*#$ &01<-*6$& *%*/ ;#": +,$ -4:$87
%,06, *<<$*#1 +" ,*2$ * -0:0+08.
:$:3#*8$C *11"60*+$& %0+, !-$=8$#@
m08+$#1+$08$# #"1$++$1 *8& ;-$4#$++$1>
%:=CJ G;<X;
J%$--08. "; +,$ "<+06 8$#2$ ,$*&C 6*8 3$ %:=CJ G;<X;
480-*+$#*- "# 30-*+$#*- A<*<0--$&$:*BC ;P;^A
480-*+$#*- 414*--/ 6*41$& 3/ 8$#2$
6":<#$110"8C 30-*+$#*- 414*--/ 6*41$& 3/
086#$*1$& ?\)>
U"11 "; 2010"8 1$6"8&*#/ +" %:=CJ G;E<C=CB
&$:/$-08*+0"8 "; +,$ "<+06 8$#2$C :"1+
0:<"#+*8+ 6*41$ 01 :4-+0<-$ 16-$#"101>
N"1+ 6"::"8 <#0:*#/ "<+06 8$#2$ !C@>J9=CJ
+4:"#1> AB=<>J9=>^AB AGP
^;GCGHC>^AB

*;Z;<;GJ;B.
• L4:*# b7 H33*1 HL7 H1+$# v\> QRSZ> I"33081 Y*106 )*+,"-"./7
j+, $&> M-1$20$# J*48&$#1 )H XJH>
• L4:*# b7 H33*1 HL7 !*41+" D7 H1+$# v\> QRSR> I"33081 *8&
\"+#*8 )*+,"-".06 Y*101 "; O01$*1$> j+, $&> M-1$20$# J*48&$#1
)H XJH>
• J6,8$0&$# HJ7 JG*8+" )H> QRSi> YIJ )*+,"-"./> c+, $&>
U0<<086"++ m0--0*:1 ` m0-9081 )H XJH>
• F"<8"+6, )*+,"-"./ ,*8&"4+
• F"<8"+6, )*+,"-"./ !-*1,6*#&1
@@@@@@@

F,$#$ 2$#1$1 *#$ 086-4&$& 08 :/ .40&08. 2$#1$1 08 -0;$7 *8& &4#08.


+,$ 3"*#&1> ?+ 1<$*91 "; +,$ <"%$# "; <$#101+$86$7 *8& +,$
<#"20&$86$ "; K"& +" ,01 6,0-&#$8>

,EM; TT.d\TV 0;F NCGH 6A^;B a;<BC>G K0N6aL

 " I<C;GP 2>^;B A= DCPGCH?=


H8& _$ 1*0& +" +,$:7 ]m,06, "; /"4 1,*-- ,*2$ * ;#0$8&7 *8& ." +"
,0: *+ :0&80.,+ *8& 1*/ +" ,0:7 }!#0$8&7 -$8& :$ +,#$$ -"*2$1C ;"#
* ;#0$8& "; :08$ ,*1 6":$ +" :$ "8 ,01 5"4#8$/7 *8& ? ,*2$
8"+,08. +" 1$+ 3$;"#$ ,0:{C *8& ,$ %0-- *81%$# ;#": %0+,08 *8&
1*/7 }O" 8"+ +#"43-$ :$C +,$ &""# 01 8"% 1,4+7 *8& :/ 6,0-&#$8 *#$
%0+, :$ 08 3$&C ? 6*88"+ #01$ *8& .02$ +" /"4{n ? 1*/ +" /"47 +,"4.,
,$ %0-- 8"+ #01$ *8& .02$ +" ,0: 3$6*41$ ,$ 01 ,01 ;#0$8&7 /$+
3$6*41$ "; ,01 <$#101+$86$ ,$ %0-- #01$ *8& .02$ ,0: *1 :*8/ *1 ,$
8$$&1>

N;;: "BMCGH5 ';;MCGH5 NG>JMCGH


]J" ? 1*/ +" /"47 *197 *8& 0+ %0-- 3$ .02$8 +" /"4C 1$$97 *8& /"4 %0--
;08&C 98"697 *8& 0+ %0-- 3$ "<$8$& +" /"4> !"# $2$#/"8$ %," *191
#$6$02$17 *8& ,$ %," 1$$91 ;08&17 *8& +" ,0: %," 98"691 0+ %0--
3$ "<$8$&> ?; * 1"8 *191 ;"# 3#$*&x*y ;#": *8/ ;*+,$# *:"8. /"47
%0-- ,$ .02$ ,0: * 1+"8$n E# 0; ,$ *191 ;"# * ;01,7 %0-- ,$ .02$ ,0: *
1$#<$8+ 081+$*& "; * ;01,n E# 0; ,$ *191 ;"# *8 $..7 %0-- ,$ ";;$# ,0:
* 16"#<0"8n ?; /"4 +,$87 3$08. $20-7 98"% ,"% +" .02$ .""& .0;+1 +"
/"4# 6,0-&#$87 ,"% :46, :"#$ %0-- /"4# ,$*2$8-/ !*+,$# .02$ +,$
_"-/ J<0#0+ +" +,"1$ %," *19 _0:~a

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PATHO SUPERTABLE Page 40 of 40


For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/

You might also like