2.5-Hand and PowerTools Safety-35 Slides PDF

Tools – Hand and Power
1
Hazards
Workers using hand and
power tools may be
exposed to these hazards:
➢ objects that fall, fly, are
abrasive, or splash
➢ harmful dusts, fumes, mists,
vapors, and gases
➢ frayed or damaged electrical
cords, hazardous connections
and improper grounding
2
Basic Tool Safety Rules
• Maintain regularly
• Use right tool for the job
• Inspect before use
• Operate according to
manufacturers’ instructions
• Use the right personal
protective equipment (PPE)
• Use guards
3
Hand Tool Hazards
Hazards are usually caused by
misuse and improper maintenance
Do not use:
➢ wrenches when jaws are sprung
➢ impact tools (chisels and wedges) Crack
when heads have mushroomed
➢ tools with loose, cracked or
splintered handles
➢ a screwdriver as a chisel
➢ tools with taped handles – they
may be hiding cracks
4
Hand Tools - Protection
Use PPE, such as safety

goggles and gloves
Keep floor surface

where working free from
debris and tripping or
slipping hazards
Keep cutting tools sharp
5
Power Tools
Must be fitted with guards
and safety switches
Extremely hazardous
when used improperly
Different types,determined
by their power source:
➢ Electric
➢ Pneumatic
➢ Liquid fuel
➢ Hydraulic
➢ Powder-actuated
6
Switches
Hand-held power tools must be
equipped with one of the following:
Constant pressure switch

shuts off power upon release
Examples: circular saw, chain saw,
grinder, hand-held power drill
On-Off Switch
Examples: routers, planers,
laminate trimmers, shears, jig
saws, nibblers, scroll saws
7
Power Tools - Precautions
• Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing
and cleaning, and when changing accessories
• Keep people not involved with the work away from
the work
• Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both
hands to operate the tool
• Don’t hold the switch button while carrying a
plugged-in tool
• Keep tools sharp and clean
• Consider what you wear – loose clothing and
jewelry can get caught in moving parts
• Remove damaged electric tools & tag them: “Do
Not Use”
8
Power Tools – Precautions
Electric Cords
Don’t carry portable
tools by the cord
Don’t use electric

cords to hoist or lower
tools
Don’t yank cord or

hose to disconnect it
Keep cords and hoses

away from heat, oil,
and sharp edges
9
Electric Power Tools
To protect a worker from shock, these tools must:
➢ have a 3-wire cord plugged into a grounded receptacle
➢ be double insulated, or
➢ be powered by a low-voltage isolation transformer
Double
insulated
markings
Plug with a
grounding
pin
10
Electric Tools – Good Practices
• Operate within design limits
• Use gloves and safety shoes
• Store in a dry place
• Don’t use in wet locations
unless approved for that
• Keep work areas well lit
• Ensure cords don’t present a
tripping hazard
11
Abrasive Wheels and Tools
May throw off flying fragments
Equip with guards that:

➢ Cover the spindle end, nut,
& flange projections
➢ Maintain proper alignment
with the wheel
➢ Don’t exceed the strength of
the fastenings
Guard so that a minimal

amount of the wheel is
exposed
12
Inspecting Abrasive Wheels
Before mounting:
➢ inspect closely for damage
➢ perform sound- or ring-test
to ensure free from cracks /
defects
To test:
➢ tap wheel gently with a light,
non-metallic instrument
➢ if wheel sounds cracked or
dead, do not use it because it
could fly apart
13
Abrasive Wheel Use
To prevent cracking:
• fit the wheel on the spindle
freely
• tighten the spindle nut enough
to hold the wheel in place
without distorting the flange
Let the tool come up to speed

prior to grinding or cutting
Don’t stand in front of the wheel

as it comes up to full speed Ensure the spindle
speed doesn’t exceed
Use eye and/or face protection the maximum speed
marked on the wheel
14
Abrasive Wheel Work Rests
Keep work rests not
more than 1/8th inch
from wheel surface
This prevents jamming

the work between the
wheel and the rest, which
may cause the wheel to
break
Don’t adjust wheel while

it’s rotating
15
Guarding
Guard exposed moving
parts of power tools
Guard belts, gears,

shafts, pulleys,
sprockets, spindles,
flywheels, chains, or
other moving parts
Never remove a guard

when a tool is in use
16
Guarding - Point of Operation
This shows a
radial arm
saw equipped
with proper
point of
operation
guards
The point of operation is where the work is actually

performed on the materials – it must be guarded
17
Guarding Protection
Nip Point
Machine guards must protect

the operator and others from:
➢ Point of operation
➢ In-running nip points
➢ Rotating parts
➢ Flying chips and sparks
18
Radial Saw Guarding
Radial arm saw

equipped with an
upper and lower
blade guard
Guard to prevent the operator from coming

in contact the the rotating blade
19
Guarding Portable Circular Saws
Guard these saws above and below the base plate or shoe.
The lower guard must cover the saw to the depth of the teeth.
20
Table Saw Guarding
Hood guard
Use a hood for guarding
21
Pneumatic Tools
Powered by compressed air
Includes nailers, staplers,

chippers, drills & sanders
Main hazard - getting hit by Nail Gun -

a tool attachment or by a
fastener the worker is using Cut-Away View
with the tool
Take the same precautions

with an air hose that you
take with electric cords
22
Pneumatic Tools - Fastening
Ensure tool is fastened

securely to the air hose to
prevent a disconnection
Use a short wire or

positive locking device
attaching the air hose to
the tool Wire used to secure hose
23
Pneumatic Tool Connections
Hose  Unacceptable
clamp
 Acceptable
24
Pneumatic Tool Safety
Place a safety device on the
muzzle to prevent the tool
from ejecting fasteners,
unless the muzzle is in
contact with work surface
Install a safety clip or

retainer to prevent
attachments, such as
chisels on a chipping
hammer, from being ejected
Muzzle in contact
Wear eye protection. Wear with work surface
hearing protection with
jackhammers.
25
Compressed Air Cleaning
Don’t use compressed

air for cleaning
Exception - where
reduced to less than
30 p.s.i. with effective
chip guarding and PPE
26
Liquid Fuel Tools
Usually gas powered
Main hazard – fuel vapors
Use only approved

flammable liquid containers
Before refilling a fuel-

powered tool tank, shut
down the engine and allow it
to cool
27
Powder-Actuated Tools
User must be trained and
licensed to operate
Test tool each day before

loading to ensure the safety
devices are working properly
Wear suitable ear, eye, and

face protection
Select a powder level that will

do the work without
excessive force
28
Fatal Fact
Employee killed when

struck in head by a nail
fired from a powder
actuated tool.
Tool operator was

attempting to anchor a
plywood form in
preparation for pouring
a concrete wall
29
Easily Penetrated Material
Avoid driving into materials easily penetrated unless
materials are backed by a substance that will prevent the
pin or fastener from passing through
Also, don’t drive fasteners into very hard or brittle material

that might chip or splatter, or make the fasteners ricochet
30
Powder-Actuated Tool Safety Tips
• Don’t use in explosive or flammable atmosphere
• Inspect tool before use to ensure:
➢it is clean,
➢that moving parts operate freely
➢the barrel is free from obstructions and has
the proper shield, guard, and attachments
• Don’t load the tool unless using immediately
• Don’t leave a loaded tool unattended
• Keep hands clear of the barrel end
• Never point the tool at anyone
• Store unloaded in a locked box
31
Jacks
To set up a jack, ensure:
• The base is on a firm, level
surface
• It’s centered
• The jack head is placed
against a level surface
• You apply the lift force evenly
Lubricate and inspect jacks

regularly
32
Jacks - Capacity
The manufacturer's
rated capacity must
be marked on all
jacks and must not
be exceeded
All jacks must have a

stop indicator that is
not exceeded
33
Jacks - Blocking
Immediately block the load
after it is lifted. Put a block
under the base of the jack
when the foundation is not
firm, and place a block
between the jack cap and
load if the cap might slip.
Photo - handyman jack is

provided a firm base by
using the railroad tie.
The load is cribbed to
prevent it from falling.
34
Summary
Hazards are usually the result of improper tool

use or not following one or more of these
protection techniques:
➢ Inspecting the tool before use
➢ Using PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
➢ Using guards
➢ Properly storing the tool
➢ Using safe handling techniques
35

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Tools – Hand and Power

Use PPE, such as safety

Keep floor surface

Keep cutting tools sharp

Constant pressure switch

Don’t use electric

Don’t yank cord or

Keep cords and hoses

Equip with guards that:

Guard so that a minimal

Let the tool come up to speed

Don’t stand in front of the wheel

This prevents jamming

Don’t adjust wheel while

Guard belts, gears,

Never remove a guard

The point of operation is where the work is actually

Machine guards must protect

Radial arm saw

Guard to prevent the operator from coming

Use a hood for guarding

Includes nailers, staplers,

Main hazard - getting hit by Nail Gun -

Take the same precautions

Ensure tool is fastened

Use a short wire or

Install a safety clip or

Don’t use compressed

Usually gas powered

Main hazard – fuel vapors

Use only approved

Before refilling a fuel-

Test tool each day before

Wear suitable ear, eye, and

Select a powder level that will

Employee killed when

Tool operator was

Also, don’t drive fasteners into very hard or brittle material

Lubricate and inspect jacks

All jacks must have a

Photo - handyman jack is

Hazards are usually the result of improper tool

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