ECE 2308 Transport Planning & Devt I.-priNT READY
ECE 2308 Transport Planning & Devt I.-priNT READY
ECE 2308 Transport Planning & Devt I.-priNT READY
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
b) The road as it is today comprises of four key structural elements. State the elements and
elaborate on their functions. How did the ancient engineers ensure their functional
sufficiency? (10 Marks)
c) Discuss in detail the following methods as they are used to economically appraise
highway improvement and traffic management project proposals. Illustrate with
equations where applicable (10 Marks)
(i) Net Present Value
(ii) Internal Rate of Return
(iii) Benefit Cost Ratio
QUESTION TWO (2)
a) Detail the steps involved in bridge locations surveys (6 Marks)
b) Illustrating with a sketch, describe how a causeway was constructed during the
construction of pyramids in Egypt (10 Marks)
c) Explain how the radial pattern of urban road networks develops (4 Marks)
b) Why is economic appraisal of a highway carried out? Elaborate the steps involved in a
highway economic appraisal. (10 Marks)
b) Explain the term ‘highway improvement’. What items constitute initial costing of a
highway improvement project? (10 Marks)