Beachfront Lighting Guide

A Guide to
Sea Turtle Lighting
Photo by Shirley Brown
December 2001
Updated December
2006
Complied by:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
1601 Balboa Ave
Panama City, FL 32405
(850) 769-0552
Sea Turtle Lighting Information Contacts
Dean Gallagher
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission
Office of Protected Species Management
620 South Meridian St.
Tallahassee, FL 32399-1600
(850) 922-4330
[email protected]
Robbin Trindell, Ph.D

Commission
Office of Protected Species Management
620 South Meridian St.
Tallahassee, FL 32399-1600
(850) 922-4330
[email protected]
Sandy MacPherson
National Sea Turtle Coordinator
6620 Southpoint Drive South, Suite 310
Jacksonville, FL 32216
(904) 932-2580 x110
[email protected]
Lorna Patrick (NW Florida)

1601 Balboa Ave
(850) 769-0552 x229
[email protected]
Meghan Conti
Commission
Imperiled Species Management
Tequesta Field Laboratory
P.O. Box 3478
Tequesta, Florida 33469
(561) 575-5407
[email protected]
AC Lighting Design
Use with 480 lumens or

less bug bulbs
Use models that only

downlight
$60.00 retail
Ceiling fan lights are not
recommended for outside areas on
sea turtle nesting beaches. If you
must use a light, use shielded, direct
downward lights. Use with a 40-watt
or lower bug bulb.
Balcony and Patio Lights
Justice Design Group
Canister Light – Ambiance wall mount

Ceramic (shapes and faux finishes available) Use with 480 lumens or less bug
bulb
Cost for fixtures (depending on size and shape): $35.00 - $250.00 (avg. $60-80)
Justice Design Group, Inc., Culver City, CA Tel: (310) 397-8300
Fax: (310) 397-7170 E-mail:[email protected] Website: www.jdg.com
Thomas Lighting and Progress Lighting
Progress: Canister wall or ceiling

Thomas: Canister wall mount mount. Use with 480 lumens or less
SL-9270-7 bug bulb
Black polymer Aluminum, powder coated finish

Note: the aluminum may pit and oxidize in
the marine environment and require
Use 480 lumens or less watt periodic painting
bug bulb Cost: $35- $250.00
www.progresslighting.com
OK
www.fclighting.com/posts.htm
“Jelly jar” wall mount or ceiling fixture
Without the shield—light

goes in all directions
With the shield—light goes

down where it needs to be
Cost:
fixture - $3.00 from most hardware
stores
shield material *- $0.25
Bug bulb, 40 watt $1.50
Total: $4.75 each
*The aluminum flashing can be purchase from hardware

or home improvement stores. $7.00 for 10 feet
Balcony and Patio Lights
Justice Design Group
Canister Light – Ambiance wall mount

Ceramic (shapes and faux finishes available) Use with 480 lumens or less bug
bulb
Cost for fixtures (depending on size and shape): $35.00 - $250.00 (avg. $60-80)
Justice Design Group, Inc., Culver City, CA Tel: (310) 397-8300
Fax: (310) 397-7170 E-mail:[email protected] Website: www.jdg.com
Thomas Lighting and Progress Lighting
Progress: Canister wall or ceiling

Thomas: Canister wall mount mount. Use with 480 lumens or less
SL-9270-7 bug bulb
Black polymer Aluminum, powder coated finish

Note: the aluminum may pit and oxidize in
the marine environment and require
Use 480 lumens or less watt periodic painting
bug bulb Cost: $35- $250.00
www.progresslighting.com
Recessed Ceiling Lights
Recessed ceiling fixtures should

incorporate a black baffle trim kit.
Use with 40-watt or less bug bulbs

or PAR30 bug bulbs
W.F. Harris Wall Mount LED Fixture
Amber LED light bulb
R30 amber LED floodlight (bug light). Clear polycarbonate shell with
medium Edison screw base. 50,000 hour life (10 years if used 12
hours per day). Equivalent to a 45W incandescent bulb, but uses 80%
less electricity.
Price: $16.95
Use in the longer cylinder-type or recessed fixtures.
http://store.lsgc.com/R30-AMBER-FLOODLIGHT-BUG-LIGHT-P1C0.aspx
www.turtlesafelighting.com
These are GE compact fluorescents with the special

optics sleeve designed to mimic low pressure sodium
(LPS). The spectral output is longer than a standard
bug light. Also the 15-watt lamp only allows 300
lumens output which more closely mimics a 25-watt to
40-watt incandescent bulb. They have a standard
screw in base and a 10,000 hour bulb life.
www.turtlesafelighting.com
Note: You trim the light “mask” to fit your needs and
the bulb size.
Turtle Safe
Coated Lamps
Retrofit compact fluorescent lamps
(light bulbs)
• Provides filtering to recommended standards
• UV protected coating applied directly to outside
of the lamp’s original envelope for durability
• Enjoy the energy savings, low heat and long life of
compact fluorescent lamps
• Replacement lamp for floodlights, porch lights or
any standard base lamp. Provides immediate
compliance for many standard light fixtures
• Available in Turtle Safe color and Turtle Safe plus
masking
• Easy seasonal installation and removal
• Coating warranted to last the life of the lamp
Turtle Sa fe Lighting lamps (light bulbs) and filters are only
effective when used in properly shielded lighting fixtures approved
for the application.
Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

621 Brookhaven Drive Orlando, FL 32803
Tel: 407-447-9191 Fax: 407-447-9192
[email protected]
[email protected]
™
Turtle Safe Lighting www.turtlesafelighting.com Approved Product
Turtle Safe Lighting
Compact Fluorescent Lamps and Filters
Turtle Safe Lighting compact fluorescent lamps and filters are designed to combine the advantages of
compact fluorescent lamps -- long lamp life, cool operation, low energy consumption, and broad applications -- with
lighting requirements in coastal areas.
Our products utilize our unique monochromatic filter system, which, applied to high quality lamps (light bulbs), results
in a specific spectral output (see figure 1 ) widely regarded to be less distracting to nesting sea turtles and their
hatchlings than white light. The Turtle Safe Lighting output is equal or superior to that of low-pressure sodium light
sources, which have been accepted by many researchers and government agencies to be an acceptable source of
lighting for coastal applications.
Unlike low-pressure sodium lamps, our products can be used in many standard 1 2 0 V lighting fixtures, which do not
re q u i re a ballast. Often, our lamps can be re t rofitted into existing lighting fixtures for instant
compliance with the local jurisdiction at a minimal cost.
While Turtle Safe Lighting products are one tool in helping to pro tect sea turtles and other spe c i e s, no
solution is absolute. The technology is based upon the best information available regarding less distracting light
sources for sensitive species. Variances are possible species to species and individual to individual.
Turtle Safe Lighting is a partner in developing state of the art solutions, making our products available to research
organizations at no charge. While we believe that our products provide leading edge solutions based upon current
re s e a rch, we make no guarante e, directly or implied, t h at our products will absolutely
protect marine turtles or other species.
Many coastal lighting regulations require that the source illumination is not directly visible. Our masked compact
fluorescent lamps and sleeves are one available solution. Other methods of shielding may also be necessary. Many of
these are also available from Turtle Safe Lighting.
Filtering inherently reduces the lumen/ footcandle levels of the light source. This means that care must be taken to
choose a lamp that will provide adequate output to light the area so that people can move about safely.
Thank you for your interest in Turtle Safe Lighting products. Please call us for additional information or to place an
order.
Turtle Safe Lighting lamps ( light b ulb s ) and filters are only effective w hen us ed in
properly s hield ed lighting fix tures approved for the application.

6 2 1 B rookhaven Drive O rland o, FL 3 2 8 0 3
Tel: 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 1 Fax : 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 2
chris @ turtles afelighting.com

kris tina@ turtles afelighting.com
™
Turtle Safe Lighting w w w .turtles afelighting.com Approved Prod uct
Turtle Safe
Poly Sleeves
for compact fluorescent lamps
(light bulbs)
• Provides filtering to recommended turtle-friendly
standards
• Highest quality, UV protected polycarbonate
• Available in sizes to fit most compact fluorescent
lamps
masking
• Available with or without compact fluorescent
lamp
• Five-year warranty

Tel: 407-447-9191 Fax: 407-447-9192
[email protected]
[email protected]
™
order.

Tel: 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 1 Fax : 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 2

™
Turtle Safe
Poly Sleeves
for linear fluorescent lamps
(light bulbs)

standards
• Available in standard 4’ lengths for T-5, T-8 and
T-12 size fluorescent lamps
• Available in Turtle Safe color and Turtle Safe
plus masking
• Works with standard lamps
(Not recommended for high output lamps)

Tel: 407-447-9191 Fax: 407-447-9192
[email protected]
[email protected]
™
order.

Tel: 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 1 Fax : 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 2

™
Turtle Safe
Poly Sleeves
for compact fluorescent lamps
(light bulbs)
standards
• Available in sizes to fit most compact fluorescent
lamps
masking
• Available with or without compact fluorescent
lamp

Tel: 407-447-9191 Fax: 407-447-9192
[email protected]
[email protected]
™
order.

Tel: 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 1 Fax : 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 2

™
Turtle Safe
Snap-on Filter
for CF PAR-38 lamps (light bulbs)

standards
• Quick, simple and inexpensive compliance with
most local and state ordinances
• Works with inexpensive PAR style compact
fluorescent (cf ) lamps in common PAR-38
lighting fixtures
• One-year warranty


Tel: 407-447-9191 Fax: 407-447-9192
[email protected]
[email protected]
™
order.

Tel: 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 1 Fax : 4 0 7 - 4 4 7 - 9 1 9 2

™
We reserve the right to revise the design or components of any product without notice.
Catalog Number
CM851 Series Project/Location Type

High Abuse Surface Fixture
Mini-Fluorescent / H.I.D. / Induction Lamp Approved By
SPECIFICATIONS
• HOUSING– Heavy Gauge Cold Rolled Steel or Aluminum -- Die Formed And Seam Welded Construction
• REFLECTOR– .032 Specular Aluminum to Optimize Light Output
• LENS– .125" Thick Clear Tempered Glass Lens Is Standard (See Lens Options for Others.)
• LENS FASTENERS– Heavy gauge Aluminum Retaining Angles Attached To Thru Door Studs For Positive Lens Clamping
• GASKETING– Silicone Around Inside Perimeter Of Door Frame And Lens Opening To Seal Out Dust And Moisture
• LAMP– MEDIUM BASE (H.I.D.) or Compact Fluorescent (CFL) - Supplied by Others. Induction QL - INCLUDED.
• BALLAST– 120/277 volt Electronic <10 THD CW 0° start Standard. Optional EBU – Programmable Start Universal Volt (120-277v) Electronic Ballast. NPF, HPF for HID.
• UL/ULC— UL/ULC Listed to U.S. and Canadian safety standards - Suitable for wet locations
INDUCTION LAMP
• Reduced Maintenance costs due to
60,000 - 100,000 hour rated life
• Starts down to -40˚C
• No color shift over system life
• Can be switched ON/OFF frequently
• Instant Start HOT or COLD
• Flicker free light output
Medium Base Lamp
• 12,000 Lumens (165 Watt) 16" x 16"
10"
QL
MH HPS
TTT
PHILIPS PL-H
16"
Latch Hinge
Gasket
APPLICATIONS FEATURES
• Parking Garages • Low Brightness
Lamp Quantity & Wattage listed below
• Gymnasiums • 1, 2, or 3 Circuits (CFL Only)
Dimensions - W x H x D 16” x 16” x 10-1/2”
• School/Church • Emergency Battery
Fluorescent TT consult factory Multi-purpose rooms Back-up (EL-CFL) (CFL Only)
Fluorescent DTT consult factory • Industrial Applications • Instant On (CFL and IND Only)
Fluorescent TTT (1, 2 or 3)26/32/42/57w • Retail Stores • Energy Efficient
Fluorescent PL-H n/a
High Pressure Sodium 50/70/100/150/175w
Metal Halide 50/70/100/125/150/175/200w
QL Induction - **Up to 100,000 HR Lamp Life 55/85/125/165w
ICE Induction - **Up to 100,000 HR Lamp Life n/a
** Lamping system is WARRANTED by Osram and Philips for 40,000 HOURS.
* means Backbox Required.
PEND option (choose optional QL Induction with
stem length) Internal Reflector saves 80%
of otherwise lost light
Drop Square (DS) lens Option
Catalog Number Ordering Guide Cat. No. DS
(Asymmetric Distribution)
Drop Square Lens
Example: CM851 TTT(2)42 __ 277 EB 81 QM
SERIES VOLTAGE OPTIONS
CM851 = CM851 SERIES 120 = 120 Volts AL = Aluminum Construction
240 = 240 Volts DS = Drop Square Diffuser
LAMP TYPE 277 = 277 Volts EL-CFL = Emergency Battery – 650 Lumens (M & D size cast only)
TTT = Triple Twin Tube 347 = 347 Volts EL-CW = Cold Weather Emergency Battery
ELH-CFL = High Lumen (1300) Emergency Battery ( M & D size cast only)
PL-H = Compact Fluorescent (Philips) EBU = Universal Volt (120-277v) Electronic
FUS = Single Fusing
MH = Metal Halide -- MEDIUM BASE Ballast Programmable Start DFUS = Double Fusing
HPS = High Pressure Sodium -- MEDIUM BASE QV = 120/208/240/277 Volts PEND = Pendant Mounting Kit, 1/2” conduit entrance hole
QL = QL Induction Lamp (Included with Fixture) Must Specify Stem Length
POWER FACTOR PS = Pulse Start for Metal Halide
LAMP QUANTITY/WATTAGE NPF = Normal Power Factor QL-R = QL-R Induction Lamp with Internal Reflector (Incl’d with Fixture)
Refer to Above Chart EB = Electronic Ballast QM = Quick Mount Bracket
EBHT = Extreme Temperature (-30° to +90° C) QRS = Quartz Restrike Relay (120V Only) – LAMP by others
COLOR TEMP (INDUCTION ONLY) Electronic Ballast Programmable Start RMB = Rapid Mount Box
3K = 3000K (QL) color temperature IND = HF Generator - Induction SS = Stainless Steel
4K = 4000K (QL) color temperature TMB = Trunnion Mount Bracket
BK = Black Finish
LENS OPTIONS
BZ = Bronze Finish
80 = .125 K12 Prismatic Polycarbonate CC = Custom Color Finish (consult factory)
81 = .156 K12 Prismatic Polycarbonate WH = White Finish
92 = .187 Clear Polycarbonate
93 = .156 C73 Prismatic Tempered Glass
9245 W. IVANHOE ST., SCHILLER PARK, IL 60176

LIGHTING TM
ECLIPSE INC.
PHONE: 847-260-0333 FAX: 847-260-0344
www.eclipselightinginc.com
[email protected]
© 2005 Eclipse Lighting Inc. All Rights Reserved - Designs Protected by Copyright Rev. 09/05 | GS-5
PHOTOMETRIC DATA: CM851 SERIES
LSI test # 18102 CM851-QL-85W-120-WH-DP LSI test # 18101 CM851-QL-85W-120-WH-93

specular reflector and prismatic plastic drop lens specular reflector and clear flat glass lens
Zonal Lumen Summary Candela Summary: CP Curve and Table Zonal Lumen Summary Candela Summary: CP Curve and Table
180 150 120 180 150 120
ACROSS
ACROSS
45
45
ALONG
ALONG 4-3/4"
4-3/4"
90 11-1/2" 90
11-1/2"
Rm. Percentage=20% 500 Rm. Percentage=20% 350

PCC=Ceiling Reflectance PCC=Ceiling Reflectance
Coefficients of Utilization Coefficients of Utilization
60
PW=Wall Reflectance PW=Wall Reflectance
60
1000 700
Room Cavity Ratio
Room Cavity Ratio

1500 1050
0 30 0 30
16" x 16"
APPLICATIONS
• Parking Garages
• Gymnasiums
• School/Church Multi-purpose rooms
10" • Industrial Applications
• Retail Stores
FEATURES
• Low Brightness
• 1, 2, or 3 Circuits – CFL Only
16"
Latch Hinge • Emergency Battery Back-up (EL-CFL) – CFL Only
Gasket
• Instant On – CFL and IND Only
• Energy Efficient
INDUCTION LAMP
• Reduced Maintenance costs due to 60,000 – 100,000 hour rated life
• Starts down to -40˚C
• No color shift over system life
• Can be switched ON/OFF frequently
• Instant Start HOT or COLD
• Flicker free light output
• 12,000 Lumens (165 Watt)
We reserve the right to revise the design or components of any product due to parts availability or change in UL standards, without assuming any obligation or liability to modify any products previously manufactured
and without notice. This literature depicts a product DESIGN that is the SOLE and EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY of ECLIPSE LIGHTING, INC.—An Illinois Corporation. In compliance with U.S. COPYRIGHT and PATENT
requirements, notification is hereby presented in this form that this literature, or the product it depicts, is NOT to be copied, altered or used in any manner without the express written consent of, or contrary to the best
interests of, ECLIPSE LIGHTING, INC.---05/04/1994

LIGHTING TM
ECLIPSE INC.
PHONE: 847-260-0333 FAX: 847-260-0344
[email protected]
© 2005 Eclipse Lighting Inc. All Rights Reserved - Designs Protected by Copyright Rev. 09/05 – GS-6
CM1616 Series
Ceiling Pole or Wall Mount Luminaire
Symmetrical/Asymmetrical Distribution
SPECIFICATIONS
• HOUSING— Seamless die cast aluminum -- Finished in Bronze oven baked
Polyester Powder Coat
• REFLECTOR— .032 textured aluminum for high efficiency and reduce arc tube volt-
age rise
• LENS—A clear, tempered glass lens secured in a hinged, gasketed frame. Optional
Polycarbonate, C73 Prismatic Tempered glass
• GASKETING— High temperature, non-aging black EPDM neoprene rubber con-
cealed in housing pocket and enclosed by cast-in drip shield and rear wire
entrance hole to protect against outside contaminant’s
• LENS FASTENERS— Stainless steel tamperproof screws --(4) To secure lens in
place
• SOCKET— 4 KV rated medium base porcelain with 16 gage 200 degrees C -- SF- Backbox (“BB”)
2 lead wires 12” Standard for 250
• LAMP— PL-H Philips Compact Fluorescent - MEDIUM BASE High Pressure 1-5/8" watt MH
Sodium or Metal Halide (Recommend use of Venture UV Guard) as required -
SUPPLIED BY OTHERS
• BALLAST— 120/277 volt Electronic <10 THD CW 0° start Standard. Optional
EBU – Universal Volt (120-277v) Electronic Ballast. NPF for HPS.
• UL LISTED— Suitable for wet locations 6-1/2"
• MOUNTING— Direct Mount: Housing is supplied with four 0.188” clearance holes
for #8 screws. Four #8 X 1” sheet metal screws and sealing washers are provid-
ed for a water tight seal. When surface or feed-thru wiring is required specify
“SCE” option
—Mounting Brackets: FL-SW – Adjustable Swivel Mount, fits over 2” pole or 16"
tenon with locking rotor plate from 90° to 180°. Enclosed and gasketed internal
chamber. FL-BR – 2 Piece; for wall, ground, roof or wood pole mounting. Allows SIDE VIEW
vertical tilt to any angle.
Cat. No. DS
Drop Square Lens
Wall Mount Cat. No. DP
Options Drop Pyramidal Lens
FL-SW FL-BR
Metal Halide Lamp shown Osram ICE Lamp shown QL Lamp shown adjustable swivel mount 2 piece mounting bracket
QL ICE
O R D E R I N G I N F O R M A T I O N
Example: CM1616 MH 200 120 EB PS QRS
SERIES VOLTAGE OPTIONS
CM1616 = CM1616 SERIES Symmetrical 120 =120 Volts 277 = 277 Volt Ballast
CM1617 = CM1617 SERIES Asymmetrical BK = Black Finish
240 =240 Volts
277 =277 Volts CC = Custom Color (consult factory)
LAMP TYPE
QV =120, 208,240 DP = Drop Pyramid Diffuser
DTT = Double Twin Tube
TTT = Triple Twin Tube DS = Drop Square Diffuser
& 277 Volts
PL-H = Compact Fluorescent (Philips) EBU = Universal Volt (120-277v) Electronic Ballast
POWER FACTOR FL-BR = Two Piece Mounting Bracket
MH = Metal Halide -- MEDIUM BASE
HPS = High Pressure Sodium -- MEDIUM BASE EB = Electronic Ballast FL-SW = Adjustable Swivel Mounting Bracket
QL = Induction Fluorescent (Fluorescent or MH) FUS = HLR/GLR Fuse and Fuseholder
ICE = Induction Fluorescent (Osram) IND = HF Generator LP = Lamped with Philips PL-H
(Induction) PEND = Pendant Mounting Kit, 1/2” conduit
WATTAGE NPF = Normal Power Factor entrance hole; specify stem length
DTT = 3 or 4 Lamp, 18 or 26 Watt PS = Pulse Start for Metal Halide
TTT = 3 or 4 Lamp, 26, 32 or 42 Watt; 2 or 3 Lamp 57 Watt for HPS
QM = Quick Mount
PL-H = 2 or 3 Lamp, 120 Watt QRS = Quartz Restrike Relay (120V Only)
MH = 70, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200 or 250 Watt -- LAMP BY OTHERS
HPS = 70, 100, 150 or 250 Watt (250 req’ BB) TMB = Trunnion Mount Bracket
QL = 85 Watt Induction (120v Only); 165 Watt Induction
WHT = White Finish
(277v Only)
ICE = 70, 100 or 150 Watt Induction (Osram 120v or 277v) #81 = .156 K12 Prismatic Polycarbonate
9002 (Torx)
Tamperproof Screwdriver #92 = .187 Clear Polycarbonate
#93 = .156 C73 Prismatic Tempered Glass
#86 = .250 Clear Polycarbonate

LIGHTING TM
ECLIPSE INC.
PHONE: 847-260-0333 FAX: 847-260-0344
[email protected]
PHOTOMETRICS DATA: CM1616 SERIES
LSI test # 16042 CM1616-IND-ICE-150W-277-B2 LSI test # 16041 CM1616-IND-ICE-150W-277-B2

specular reflector and c73 prismatic glass lens specular reflector and laminated lens of .25 clear and .125 k12 prismatic
Zonal Lumen Summary Candela Summary: CP Curve and Table Zonal Lumen Summary Candela Summary: CP Curve and Table
180 150 180 150 120
120
ACROSS ACROSS
45 45
ALONG ALONG
14" 90 90
14"
Rm. Percentage=20% Rm. Percentage=20% 1200

PCC=Ceiling Reflectance 1500 PCC=Ceiling Reflectance
PW=Wall Reflectance Coefficients of Utilization PW=Wall Reflectance Coefficients of Utilization
60 60
3000 2400
Room Cavity Ratio
Room Cavity Ratio

4500 3600
0 30 0 30
LSI test # 18501 CM1616-TTT-(2)70W-EB-DS

semi-specular reflector and prismatic plastic drop lens
Zonal Lumen Summary Candela Summary: CP Curve and Table

4-1/4"
180 150 120
ACROSS
45
5-7/16"
ALONG
2-1/8"
11-1/8"
90
Rm. Percentage=20%
PCC=Ceiling Reflectance 450
PW=Wall Reflectance Coefficients of Utilization
60
900
Room Cavity Ratio
1350
0 30
SUBMITTAL INFORMATION
Project __________________________________
__________________________________________
Location __________________________________
__________________________________________
Catalog No. ______________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Fixture Type ______________________________
We reserve the right to revise the design or components of any product due to parts availability or change in UL standards, without assuming any obligation or liability to modify any products previously manufac-
tured and without notice. This literature depicts a product DESIGN that is the SOLE and EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY of ECLIPSE LIGHTING, INC.—An Illinois Corporation. In compliance with U.S. COPYRIGHT
and PATENT requirements, notification is hereby presented in this form that this literature, or the product it depicts, is NOT to be copied, altered or used in any manner without the express written consent of, or
contrary to the best interests of, ECLIPSE LIGHTING, INC.---05/04/1994

LIGHTING TM
ECLIPSE INC.
PHONE: 847-260-0333 FAX: 847-260-0344
[email protected]
We reserve the right to revise the design or components of any product without notice.
Catalog Number
CM2424 Series Project/Location Type

Ceiling Pole or Wall Mount
Symmetrical/Asymmetrical Distribution Approved By
SPECIFICATIONS
• HOUSING— Seamless die cast aluminum -- Finished in Bronze oven baked Polyester Powder Coat
• REFLECTOR— .032 textured aluminum for high efficiency and reduce arc tube voltage rise
• LENS—85 .156” thick clear, tempered glass lens secured in a hinged, gasketed frame. Optional Polycarbonate, C73 Prismatic Tempered glass
• GASKETING— High temperature, non-aging black EPDM and/or neoprene rubber concealed in housing pocket and enclosed by cast-in drip shield and rear wire entrance
hole to protect against outside contaminant’s
• LENS FASTENERS— Stainless steel tamperproof screws --(4) To secure lens in place
• SOCKET— 4 KV rated medium base porcelain with 16 gage 200 degrees C -- SF-2 lead wires
• LAMP— Compact Fluorescent; MEDIUM BASE High Pressure Sodium or Metal Halide (Recommend use of Venture UV Guard) as required - SUPPLIED BY OTHERS.
Induction ICE or QL - INCLUDED.
• BALLAST— 120/277 volt Electronic <10 THD CW 0° start Standard. Optional EBU – Programmable Start Universal Volt (120-277v) Electronic Ballast. NPF for HPS.
• MOUNTING— Direct Mount: Housing is supplied with four 0.188” clearance holes for 8 screws. Four 8 X 1” sheet metal screws and sealing washers are provided for a
water tight seal. When surface or feed-thru wiring is required specify “SCE” option — Mounting Brackets: FL-SW – Adjustable Swivel Mount, fits over 2” pole or tenon
with locking rotor plate from 90° to 180°. Enclosed and gasketed internal chamber. FL-BR – 2 Piece; for wall, ground, roof or wood pole mounting. Allows vertical tilt to
any angle. ARM – Extended arm for wall mount. Ceiling Mount: GD – Grid Lay; PEND – Pendant, must specify stem length.
• UL/ULC— UL/ULC Listed to U.S. and Canadian safety standards - Suitable for wet locations
Canopy
6", 10" or 12" 24" X 24"
Wall Mount Options

Medium Base Lamp
10-1/2"
Pendant
(must specify length)
FL-SW FL-BR
adjustable swivel mount 2 piece mounting bracket ARM option shown
10 1/2"
DTT
QL
TT
ICE
MH HPS
TTT
PHILIPS PL-H
24" x 24"
PEND option shown
optional Osram® Sylvania Icetron & QL
Induction with Internal Reflector saves
80% of otherwise lost light
Lamp Quantity & Wattage listed below

Dimensions - W x H x D 24” x 24” x 10-1/2”
Fluorescent TT (4 or 5)36/39/55/80w
Fluorescent DTT Consult Factory
Fluorescent TTT (4 or 5)70w
Fluorescent PL-H Consult Factory Osram ICE Lamp shown – 1 or 2 Lamps
High Pressure Sodium 250/400w
Metal Halide 200/250/320/400w
QL Induction - **Up to 100,000 HR Lamp Life (1 or 2)85w; (1)165w
ICE Induction - **Up to 100,000 HR Lamp Life (1 or 2)70/100w; (1)150W
Cat. No. DS
** Lamping system is WARRANTED by Osram and Philips for 40,000 HOURS. Drop Square Lens
* means Backbox Required.
QL Lamp shown
Cat. No. DP
Drop Pyramidal Lens
Catalog Number Ordering Guide
Example: CM2424 QL (2)85 4K 277 EB 85 RM
SERIES POWER FACTOR OPTIONS
CM2424 = CM2424 SERIES Symmetrical NPF = Normal Power Factor ARM = Extended Arm, Specify Length — 6”, 10” or 12”
CM2425 = CM2425 SERIES Asymmetrical DP = Drop Pyramid Diffuser
HPF = High Power Factor
DS = Drop Square Diffuser
LAMP TYPE EB = Electronic Ballast (1, 2, 3 or 4) EL-CFL = Emergency Battery Pack for CFL– 650 Lumens
TT = Twin Tube EBHT = Extreme Temperature
TTT = Triple Twin Tube EL-CW = Cold Weather Emergency Battery Pack
MH = Metal Halide -- MEDIUM BASE (-30° to +90° C) Electronic ELH-CFL = High Lumen (1300) Emergency Battery Pack for CFL
HPS = High Pressure Sodium -- MEDIUM BASE Ballast Programmable Start FL-BR = Two Piece Mounting Bracket
QL = QL Induction Lamp (Included with Fixture) FL-SW = Adjustable Swivel Mounting Bracket
— (1, 2, 3 or 4)
ICE = Osram® Sylvania ICE Induction Lamp FUS = Single Fusing
(Included with Fixture) IND = HF Generator - Induction DFUS = Double Fusing
GD = Grid Lay In
LAMP QUANTITY/WATTAGE LENS OPTIONS ICE-R = Osram® Sylvania ICE-R Induction Lamp with Internal
Refer to Above Chart
81 = .156 K12 Prismatic Reflector (Incl’d with Fixture)
PEND = Pendant Mounting Kit, 1/2” conduit entrance hole
COLOR TEMP (INDUCTION ONLY) Polycarbonate
3K = 3000K (QL) or 3500K (ICE) color temp Must Specify Stem Length
85 = .156 Clear Tempered PS = Pulse Start for Metal Halide
4K = 4000K (QL) or 4100K (ICE) color temp
Glass STANDARD QL-R = QL-R Induction Lamp with Internal Reflector (Incl’d with
VOLTAGE 86 = .250 Clear Polycarbonate Fixture)
120 = 120 Volts 92 = .187 Clear Polycarbonate QM = Quick Mount Bracket
240 = 240 Volts QRS = Quartz Restrike Relay (120V Only) – LAMP by others
277 = 277 Volts 93 = .156 C73 Prismatic
RG = Remote Generator (Osram Only)
347 = 347 Volts Tempered Glass RM = Recessed Mount
EBU = Universal Volt (120-277v)
Electronic Ballast Programmable Start BK = Black Finish
QV = 120/208/240/277 Volts CC = Custom Color Finish (consult factory)
WH = White Finish

LIGHTING TM
ECLIPSE INC.
PHONE: 847-260-0333 FAX: 847-260-0344
[email protected]
© 2005 Eclipse Lighting Inc. All Rights Reserved - Designs Protected by Copyright Rev. 09/05 | GS-12
PHOTOMETRIC DATA: CM2424 SERIES
LSI test # 19766 CM2424-IND-ICE-(2)150W-240-BZ

specular reflector and clear flat glass lens
Zonal Lumen Summary Candela Summary: CP Curve and Table

180 150 120
ACROSS
10-1/4”
45
4-3/8”
20-1/2” ALONG
90
Rm. Percentage=20%
2250
PCC=Ceiling Reflectance
PW=Wall Reflectance Coefficients of Utilization
60
4500
Room Cavity Ratio
6750
0 30
We reserve the right to revise the design or components of any product due to parts availability or change in UL standards, without assuming any obligation or liability to modify any products previously manufactured
and without notice. This literature depicts a product DESIGN that is the SOLE and EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY of ECLIPSE LIGHTING, INC.—An Illinois Corporation. In compliance with U.S. COPYRIGHT and PATENT
requirements, notification is hereby presented in this form that this literature, or the product it depicts, is NOT to be copied, altered or used in any manner without the express written consent of, or contrary to the best
interests of, ECLIPSE LIGHTING, INC.---05/04/1994

LIGHTING TM
ECLIPSE INC.
PHONE: 847-260-0333 FAX: 847-260-0344
[email protected]
2661 Alvarado Street
San Leandro CA 94577
800-227-0758 / 510-357-6900
http://www.sitelighting.com/index.cfm
http://www.sitelighting.com/Family.cfm?Brand=gar&ProLine=LPS
Model: Form 10 LPS

Wattage: 1 x 55-180
Available pole- and wall-mount
SW
Site Wallforms
KIM LIGHTING 1
SL / SW
Site Lightforms and Site Wallforms Features

Full Cutoff Optics in SL1 - SL4 / SW1 and SW3
For projects requiring full cutoff pole-mounted luminaires for light
trespass or dark-sky considerations, the SL1 - SL4 maintains this
theme at the pedestrian level. Each SL fixture has an optical module
engineered to produce an asymmetric light distribution using a
horizontal lamp, and flat tempered glass lens. Because of the low
mounting height, coated H.I.D. lamps are recommended for
optimum uniformity of illumination.
Heavy-Wall Cast Aluminum Heads

Kim SL fixtures are specifically designed and engineered to
combine contemporary form with rugged vandal-resistant
construction. Low level luminaires are often subject to abuse
because of their proximity to pedestrian traffic. To combat this, all
fixture heads are heavy-wall one-piece aluminum castings.
SL models use concealed mechanical head-to-shaft connections for
greater strength and clean detailing. SL1 - SL4 models use flat
tempered glass lenses, and SL5 and SL6 models use flat
polycarbonate lenses.
One-Piece Extruded Aluminum Shafts

To achieve a clean sharp-cornered architectural appearance with
superior strength, all SL shafts are one-piece heavy-wall aluminum
extrusions. Integral mounting tracks are incorporated for mechanical
attachment of the head and base, which provides superior strength
over welding.
Low Profile, High Strength Base

The SL mounting base is unique in the lighting industry, combining
superior strength with a low-profile design. The shaft-to-base
attachment is by concealed bolts threaded into the shaft extrusion.
Kim tests show this method to be twice the strength of a welded
connection. Anchor bolts are provided with couplings, allowing
standard black stainless steel bolts to secure the base and
eliminate unsightly protruding anchor bolts.
See page 39 for anchor bolt and installation details.

2 KIM LIGHTING
SL / SW
Installation Details Site Lightforms and Site Wallforms

Anchor Bolts and Template Template screw. Replaced with black
All SL models are supplied stainless steel bolt at fixture installation.
complete with anchor bolts and Template
rigid template. The unique anchor
bolt system employs female Female Coupling
threaded couplings that allow
the standard black stainless steel
bolts to secure the base, Jam Nut
eliminating unsightly protruding
anchor bolts.
Anchor Bolt
Installation in Planted Areas

When SL fixtures are to be installed Level template and footing
in planted areas, slightly elevate
Finished
the base to avoid prolonged Grade Ground
submersion during heavy rains or Cover
Template
irrigation. Allow ground cover or
shrubbery to conceal the base.
In this application, the template Top
Soil
elevation must allow for any top soil
or mulch that will be added.
The SL template is the same size Conduit
as the fixture base, and can be System Conduit
used to shape the concrete footing (by others) System
(by others)
to blend with the base casting.
A carefully leveled template will
Anchor Bolt Concrete and
provide a smooth flat mounting Finished
Installation Soil Engineering
surface and a level fixture. (by others) Installation
Installation in Paved Areas

SL fixtures are easily installed in Level template and footing
paved areas with an option of a Finished Finished Expansion Expansion
standard or concealed base detail. Grade Grade Joint Joint
For standard base installations,
the concrete footing is poured with Template
the template at finished grade level.
While the SL base casting is very Paving
low in profile, it can also be totally
concealed by paving up to the
fixture shaft. Although a concealed
base detail is aesthetically very Conduit Conduit
clean, it must be remembered System System
that future removal will be difficult (by others) (by others)
if required. Concrete and
Soil Engineering
(by others) Finished Finished
Anchor Bolt Anchor Bolt
Installation, Installation, Installation, Installation,
Standard Base. Concealed Base. Standard Base. Concealed Base.
Installation of Wallforms
The SW mounting system is
designed for ease of installation, Gasket Zinc Plated Steel
and has a sealed fixture-to-wall joint Mounting Plate for
with no exposed hardware. Field 4" Octagonal J-Box
wire connections are made prior to Rope Caulk
fixture mounting leaving both hands
free to install and align the housing. Quick Disconnect Plug
A quick-disconnect plug wires the for Reflector Module
reflector module prior to attachment Field Splices 4" Octagonal
inside the fixture. J-Box (by others)
KIM LIGHTING 3
SW1 SW1
Site Wallforms Ordering Information Site Wallforms

SW1 Model
50 watt H.I.D. Ordering Example: Luminaire
Fixture Electrical Module Finish
Medium Base Lamps
42 watt Compact Fluorescent SW1 / 50MH277 / WH-P
1 2 3
SW1
Maximum weight: 8 lb
1 Fixture:
8" 12J" Cat. No. designates SW fixture.
Mounting Plate,
Gasket, and
4K" Rope Caulk
by Kim
4" Octagonal
J-box in wall
Cat. No.: SW1
(by others)
2 Electrical Module: 50HPS120 50MH120

50MH277
HPS = High Pressure Sodium
INC = Incandescent 60INC120 13PL1201 42PL1202
13PL2771 42PL2082
MH = Metal Halide 42PL2402
42PL2772
PL = Compact Fluorescent
See lamp and electrical data on
page 65 for ballast types and
characteristics. Two lamps required per fixture.
1
42PL operates one 26, 32, or 42 watt lamp at 120 thru 277 volts (50-60 Hz).
2
Lamp Lamp Line NOTE: For lamp/ballast information outside of the U.S.A. and Canada, please consult
Watts Type Volts your local Kim representative.
50 MH 277
Coated lamps recommended.
3 Luminaire Finish: Color: Black Dark Bronze Light Gray Platinum Silver White Custom Colors
Cat. No.: BL-P DB-P LG-P PS-P WH-P CC-P
Super TGIC powder coat paint
over chromate conversion coating. Consult representative
for custom colors.
4 KIM LIGHTING KIM LIGHTING 5

SW3 SW3
Site Wallforms Ordering Information Site Wallforms

SW3 Model
50 watt H.I.D. Ordering Example: Luminaire
Fixture Electrical Module Finish
Medium Base Lamps
42 watt Compact Fluorescent SW3 / 50MH277 / WH-P
1 2 3
SW3
Maximum weight: 8 lb
1 Fixture:
8" Cat. No. designates SW fixture.
12J" Mounting Plate,
Gasket, and
5J" Rope Caulk
by Kim
4" Octagonal
J-box in wall Cat. No.: SW3
(by others)
2 Electrical Module: 50HPS120 50MH120

50MH277
HPS = High Pressure Sodium 50MH347
INC = Incandescent
60INC120 13PL1201 42PL1202
MH = Metal Halide 13PL2771 42PL2082
42PL2402
PL = Compact Fluorescent 42PL2772
See lamp and electrical data on
page 65 for ballast types and
characteristics. Two lamps required per fixture.
1
42PL operates one 26, 32, or 42 watt lamp at 120 thru 277 volts (50-60 Hz).
2
Lamp Lamp Line NOTE: For lamp/ballast information outside of the U.S.A. and Canada, please consult
Watts Type Volts your local Kim representative.
50 MH 277
Coated lamps recommended.
3 Luminaire Finish: Color: Black Dark Bronze Light Gray Platinum Silver White Custom Colors
Cat. No.: BL-P DB-P LG-P PS-P WH-P CC-P
Super TGIC powder coat paint
over chromate conversion coating. Consult representative
for custom colors.
6 KIM LIGHTING KIM LIGHTING 7

SW
1
NOTE:
Site Wallforms Coated lamps recommended. Photometrics
SW1 / SW3 Luminaires Footcandle
Correction
Wattage Lamp 1
Initial Lumens Factors (CF)
A 50W. HPS ED17 Medium Base 3800 Mtg.Ht. CF
B 50W. MH ED17 Medium Base 2688 6' 1.78
C (2) 13W. PL GX23 Base 900 each 8' 1.00 Typical Half
D 42W. PL GX24q-3 Base 3200 10' 0.64
E 60W. INC. T10 I.F. Medium Base 745 Initial Horizontal Footcandles at
12' 0.44
8' Mounting Height (Grade to Lens)
1'
A B C D E
Lateral Distance in Mounting Heights

0'
5 3.5 2 3.6 1
3 2.1 1 1.7 .50 1'
1.7 1.2 .50 .88 .20
SW1 SW3 .70 .50 .20 .36 .12

.40 .28 .10 .19 .07
2'
.20 .14 .05 .08 .04
.10 .07 .02 .04 .02

0' 1' 2' 3'
Longitudinal Distance in Mounting Heights
8 KIM LIGHTING
800-227-0758 / 510-357-6900
Model: Form 10 LPS

Wattage: 1 x 55-180
P.O. Box A
Conyers GA 30012
770-922-9000
http://www.lithonia.com/
Model: KT
Wattage: 1 x 90, 2 x 90
Manufacturer's Page
Low Pressure Sodium
Shoebox Fixture
55 watt or less
12 ft. or less height
Additional shielding if necessary
SELS RECESSED SERIES
ORDERING INFORMATION
SELS-35LPS-120V-HF3-BZ
Electrical Data:
SHOWN WITH CLEAR FLAT Low Pressure Sodium Ballast
TEMPERED GLASS LENS DCB-Double Contact Bayonnette base sockett
Lamp: (by others)

35LPS
Options:
CG Clear tempered glass
SM Surface Ceiling Mount
Finish:
Polyester powder coat finish - semi-gloss white
Recessed J-box
by others 1 60Hz core/coil ballast, 120V operation
2 Satin coat steel housing

2 suitable for surface ceiling mount.
1 Independent support by installer
3
8” 3 Hammertone symmetric reflector system
4 Clear tempered glass lens flush in hinged frame.

4
24” SQUARE
SIDE VIEW CAT. NO.:

227 Wilkinson Rd.
Brampton, Ontario.
L6T 4M2
Tel. 905-457-4777
solera
www.soleracorp.com
Fax 905-457-1115 architectural lighting innovations
DWG NO. PROJECT:
Listing:
Complies with CSA, UL approved with OD-CR408-B2 THE VIEW CONDO
9
SCALE SIZE REV QTY:
ETL label for wet location.
TYPE PGA NTS A A
MODEL 50F - AVAILABLE IN FLUORESCENT ONLY
Stylish Model 50 Flat round fixture available in three sizes and multiple compact
fluorescent lamp choices. Opal White acrylic lens, aluminum base plate/pan painted
white.
Click image and scroll down for pricing.
Model 50, Wall/Ceiling Fixture, 11" Flat Opal White Lens, two 13-
Watt Fluorescent Lamps Included, HPF
Housing Color: White # of Lamps: 2

Lamp Type: Fluorescent-PL Voltage: 120-277
Spec. Sheet: SpecSheet.pdf Wattage: 13W
$57.94 /ea.
More Information
Add to Cart
Show Similar Items
Watt Fluorescent Lamps Included, NPF

Lamp Type: Fluorescent-PL Voltage: 120
$38.48 /ea.
More Information
Add to Cart
Show Similar Items
Model 50, Wall/Ceiling Fixture, 11" Flat Opal White Lens, one 22-
Watt Fluorescent Lamp Included, NPF

Lamp Type: Fluorescent-FL Voltage: 120
$25.89 /ea.
More Information
Add to Cart
Show Similar Items
More Information
$31.59 /ea.
Add to Cart
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Model 50, Wall Fixture, 14" Flat Opal White Lens, three 13-Watt
Fluorescent Lamps Included, NPF

$38.95 /ea.
More Information
Add to Cart
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Watt Fluorescent Lamps Included (Electronic Ballast), HPF

Lamp Type: Fluorescent-PLC Voltage: 120-277
$57.99 /ea.
More Information
Add to Cart
Show Similar Items
Model 50, Wall Fixture, 19" Flat Opal White Lens, one 32/40-
Watt Fluorescent Lamp Included, HPF

Spec. Sheet: SpecSheet.pdf Wattage:
$75.76 /ea. More Information
Add to Cart
Show Similar Items

$26.59 /ea.
More Information
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Model 50, Wall Fixture, 11" Flat Opal White Lens, one 13-Watt
Fluorescent Lamp Included, NPF
$21.87 /ea.
More Information
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Model 50, Wall/Ceiling Fixture, 14" Flat Opal White Lens, one 32-
-Watt Fluorescent Lamp Included, NPF

$50.07 /ea.
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For Customer Service, please call 1.800.842.9345 or Contact Us via Email
© 2003 Harris Internet Technology Systems, LLC

This WebSite contains patent pending components and processes.
Questions or problems regarding this web site should be directed to [email protected].

Copyright © 2003. All rights reserved.
Sea Turtle Lighting Ordinances
for Florida Counties and Municipalities
G e o r g i a
Fernandina Beach
!
!
! Jacksonville Beach
!
Neptune Beach
Destin !
! St. Augustine Beach
G u l
Mexico Beach
f o Flagler Beach
f
!
At
lan
M
St. George Island
ex
Cape Canaveral
tic
i c o
Cocoa Beach
Indialantic
Oc
Indian Harbor Beach
! Melbourne Beach
ean
Dunedin Madeira Beach !
Satellite Beach
Indian Rocks Redington Beach !
!
!
Indian Shores Treasure Island !
!
!
!
North Redington Beach Indian River Shores
!
!
!! Orchid
!
!
Vero Beach **
!
µ
Bradenton Beach !
Holmes Beach !
!
!
! Ft. Pierce
!
City of Sarasota
! Town of Jupiter Island
Longboat Key !
Venice !
! Boca Raton Highland Beach

!
! Briny Breezes * Juno Beach
!
!
! ! !! Delray Beach ** Ocean Ridge
Bonita Springs !
! ! Gulf Stream Town of Palm Beach **
CURRENT AS OF 9/8/06 Ft. Myers Beach !
! Town of South Palm Beach *
Sanibel ! !
!!
!
County has Lighting Ordinance Marco Island Deerfield Beach
Naples !
Ft. Lauderdale
County has Partial Ordinance Hallandale Beach
(5 miles of beach in western part of county only) Lauderdale By the Sea
Pompano Beach
Key West
NO County Lighting Ordinance Marathon
(Only the Municipalities listed have an Ordinance) Village of Islamorada Golden Beach
! Miami Beach
Municipalities with an Ordinance
!
* Voluntary !
** In the porcess of being updated/amended
Sea Turtle Lighting, Glass, & Window Tint Vendors, Installers,
Consultants, and Websites*
*Provision of this list does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Custom Glass Key Lighting

Callaway, FL 32404 1418 Harrison Avenue
(850) 763-6842 Panama City, FL 32401
(window tint) (850) 769-3276
Dillon Electric Lighting the Way Enterprises, Inc.

Eastpoint, Florida 812 NW 8th Avenue
(850) 670-4223 Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33311
(954) 522-1765
Evans Lighting & Design 1 (800) 658-1829
1017 Harrison Ave (neon lights)
(850) 784-0757 J B Enterprises
P.O. Box 5006
Harbor Electric Niceville, FL 32578
P.O. Box 39 (850) 897-4922
(850) 653-3232
Apalachicola, FL 32329 Tommy’s Glass & Mirror Co.
2817 Hwy 77
Panama Glass Panama City, FL
Panama City, FL 32405 (850) 769-3325
(850) 763-7638
(turtle glass -windows/doors) Lighting Unlimited
914 W 26th St
Rachel=s Lighting & Home Accessories Lynn Haven, FL 265-6834
416 W. 15th Street (850) 265-6834
Panama City, FL 32401 (800) 861-5171
(850) 769-2348
SPF (Solar Protection Film)
Speedy=s Window Tint 3847 East Bus. 98
531 East 6th Street Panama City, FL 32401
Panama City, FL 32401 (850) 819-8468 or (850) 819-TINT
(850) 785-3M3M
1-888-83M-TINT Kenny Seymour
Alternative Electric. Co.
Speedy Edwards P.O. Box 1028
Apalachicola, FL Eastpoint, FL 32328
(850) 653-8090 (850) 927-4610
Guy Grimes
AMA Lighting
813 Downtowner Blvd.
Mobile, AL 36609
Cell (850) 572-3253
(251) 460-4328
[email protected]
Connie Bryars
Stuart C. Irby Co., Inc.
Irby Electric Express
Cell- 251-370-8140
Fax- 251-968-6514
[email protected]
www.irby.com
http://www.darksky.org/fixtures/fixtures.html
http://www.starrynightlights.com/
http://store.lsgc.com/R30-AMBER-
FLOODLIGHT-BUG-LIGHT-P1C0.aspx
http://www.thomaslighting.com/catalog/proddetail
.asp?cno=SL9270-8
http://www.outdoorltg.com/ola_026.htm
http://www.electroelf.com/
http://www.wfharris.com/turtlelights.htm
Other wildlife:
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/0
4/0417_030417_tvlightpollution.html
http://www.urbanwildlands.org/
http://www2.nature.nps.gov/YearInReview/yir200
1/05_risks/05_1_duriscoe.html
December 2006
Panama City FO:L.Patrick:lap:lp:12-14-06:
850-769-0552x229:c:lorna1\t&e\seaturtle\lighting
guide\vendors
[email protected]
Model: B Series
Wattage: 1 x 55-180, 2 x 55-180
2930 South Fairview Street
Santa Ana CA 92704
800-854-8277
http://www.allscape.net/
Model: AL-08
Wattage: 1 x 35-180
Available pole-mount
Manufacturer's Page
Model: AL-09
Wattage: 1 x 35-180, 2 x 35-90
Manufacturer's Page
Model: AL-10
Wattage: 1 x 35-180, 2 x 35-90
New Roadway Lighting System being Tested
The FDOT initiated an Embedded Roadway Lighting Demonstration Project in
Boca Raton, Florida in June 2001. The project is to test the effectiveness of
asphalt-embedded light emitting diodes (LEDs) to see if they will resolve sea
turtle lighting disorientation problems while meeting the needs of motorists,
pedestrians, and bicyclists. The in-road LEDs are bi-directional and shine from
flat plastic disks about the circumference of a grapefruit and are spaced 30
feet apart. Each of these “SmartStuds” rise ¼-inch off the road to delineate
the center line (amber) and turn lanes (white). These lights are used to guide
jets on runways and lead cars through tunnels in Canada.
Embedded LEDs
Bicycle Lane Lights
Pedestrian Lights
FLORIDA FISH AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION COMMISSION
RODNEY BARRETO SANDRA T. KAUPE H.A. “HERKY” HUFFMAN DAVID K. MEEHAN
Miami Palm Beach Enterprise St. Petersburg
KATHY BARCO RICHARD A. CORBETT BRIAN S. YABLONSKI

Jacksonville Tampa Tallahassee
KENNETH D. HADDAD, Executive Director R. KIPP FROHLICH, Section Leader

VICTOR J. HELLER, Assistant Executive Director IMPERILED SPECIES MANAGEMENT SECTION
(850) 922-4330 FAX (850) 922-4338
July 25, 2006
Garrett Lips
Planning and Environmental Management
District 4 - FDOT
3400 West Commercial Blvd
Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33309
RE: Sea Turtle Lighting Issues
Dear Garrett,
I appreciate the opportunity to work together to address roadway lighting affecting nesting sea
turtles along Florida’s coastline. Over the last few years we have had an excellent opportunity to
document which street and roadway lights (fixture styles) cause the most problems for
threatened and endangered sea turtles and which fixtures seem to minimize these impacts by
carefully balancing human safety and security with habitat protection. The attached specification
sheets have been assembled based on research with manufacturers, engineers, biologists, and
field inspections so that we can recommend to the FDOT those fixtures that have been
documented to meet roadway illumination needs while protecting essential reproductive
behaviors of federally listed species.
I have divided these recommendations into an informational format (Problem Fixtures,

Temporary Solutions, Long-term Solutions / BAT, and Facing the Future) along with
documentation. Where possible, I have tried to include contact information directly with the
manufacturer or their engineer who provided our agency with essential technical information,
EPA (Effective Projected Area / Wind loading), and photometric data.
Problem Fixtures:
The fixtures that appear above have been documented to cause the deaths and disorientations
of threatened and endangered sea turtles. Each of these fixture types share a common trait in
that they are very difficult to shield from the beach. They also demonstrate poor photon control.
A large percentage of the light generated is wasted in the form of light trespass and glare. They
are in order from left to right; globe lights, acorn fixtures, NEMA head, drop lens cobra head,
and tear-drop “historic” fixture. EPA for these fixtures varies from 1.4 to 2.11.
620 South Meridian Street i Tallahassee i FL i 32399-1600

Visit MyFWC.com


(850) 922-4330 FAX (850) 922-4338
Temporary Solutions:
1) Turning off streetlights

Turning off problem streetlights has been done for a number of years in Florida. While
this is very effective for helping reduce sea turtle mortality, it does not address the basic
questions of roadway illumination and safety. It does raise the question as to whether
some lights are actually needed or not. If the light was deemed to be necessary for
safety and liability, turning it off is not viewed as the best long-term solution.
2) Attach shielding to block direct view of the lamp/lens from the nesting beach
Shielding has had various levels of success depending on the fixture/shield combination
and the installation. Some shielding is handmade and may void the fixture
manufacturer’s warranty. Adding shielding may increase the EPA (wind load) of some
fixture heads. Add-on shields may alter the photometric footprint of a fixture as well.
Some fixtures allow the possibility of internal shielding (globe lights, acorns, carriage
lamps.) These have proven ineffective due to the glowing glass globes. Even clear glass
quickly becomes dirty and creates an opaque glow visible laterally up and down the
beach. Adding more internal louvers and shielding to try and block this light makes the
fixture even less efficient as roadway and pedestrian lighting.
Some shielding has proven to be highly effective. The above NEMA Head streetlight by
G.E. has been shielded with a G.E. Skygard®. This shield does not void the
manufacturer’s warranty. It does not increase the EPA (windload) because it simply
replaces the existing glass lens. It actually improves the photometric footprint by re-
directing wasted photons onto the roadway. The FWCC is currently offering these
shields from Hubble, G.E. and RAB for free to coastal communities as part of a pro-
active loan program temporarily shielding problem NEMA Head lights.
3) Flat-lens cobra head / Flat-lens cobra head w/amber filter

These fixtures offer a significant improvement in photon control over a standard drop-
lens cobra head fixture. Florida Power & Light, Progress Energy, and Gulf Power have
installed these fixtures adjacent to sea turtle nesting beaches in order to test their
effectiveness. Flat lens cobra heads offer a reduced EPA and an immediate benefit to
drivers by reducing glare. Unfortunately, a significant number of sea turtle
disorientations and deaths have been documented directly to these fixtures.

Visit MyFWC.com


(850) 922-4330 FAX (850) 922-4338
Documentation of disorientation / misorientation events resulting in the deaths of

threatened and endangered sea turtles has caused these fixtures to no longer be
considered meeting the standard for BAT (Best Available Technology.) However, when
appropriately shielded, these fixtures are considered an improvement and are strongly
recommended for use when not in direct line-of-sight of the beach or directly adjacent to
known nesting habitat (e.g. street ends.)
Long-Term Solutions and Best Available Technology:
1) Embedded Roadway Lights / LED Crosswalks
The demonstration project in Boca Raton for the use of embedded roadway lighting as
“roadway delineation” has been documented to be highly effective in reducing or
eliminating sea turtle mortality without sacrificing safety. This type of technology cannot
be used for every coastal roadway but where appropriate, these lights are highly
recommended. The use of Amber LED technology for crosswalks where parking lots are
located on the landward side of the road has also been studied. LED Crosswalk
technology is highly recommended to replace streetlights without sacrificing human
safety. (See attached study; Do Embedded Roadway Lights Protect Sea Turtles?)
2) Full cut-off / cut-off low-pressure sodium fixtures
With the possible exception of the above amber or red LED (light emitting diode)
technology, low-pressure sodium is currently the best available, proven technology for
balancing human safety and security, roadway illumination, and endangered species
protection. The FWCC has documented that LPS provides the most energy efficient,
monochromatic, long-wavelength, dark sky friendly, environmentally sensitive light of the
commercially available streetlights. Testing on nesting beaches throughout Florida has
provided extensive documentation of the benefits of LPS street and parking lot lights.

Visit MyFWC.com


(850) 922-4330 FAX (850) 922-4338
Dr. Blair Witherington, FWCC, has prepared some answers to the most common
concerns about implementing LPS streetlights:
Aren’t there too many disadvantages to using low-pressure sodium-vapor lighting to protect sea turtles?
As is true for any light source, there are both advantages and disadvantages to using low-pressure sodium-vapor
(LPS) lighting. The following is a list of issues specific to LPS.
• Expense—The initial costs of LPS are substantially higher than for incandescent and fluorescent sources
but are only slightly higher than costs for high-intensity discharge lighting (e.g., HPS). Operating costs,
however, are generally much lower for LPS than for any other commercial source.
• Color—Because LPS sources are monochromatic, they give poor color rendition. For safety and security
applications, however, full-spectrum color is seldom needed. At U.S. Air Force installations near nesting
beaches in Florida (areas certain to have rigorous security requirements), most outside security areas are
lighted by LPS sources.
• Disposal—The lamps within LPS luminaires contain elemental sodium, a substance that can cause fires if
not disposed of carefully. However, unlike the mercury-containing high-intensity discharge lamps (e.g.,
mercury-vapor, high-pressure sodium vapor), the contents of LPS lamps are not toxic.
• Availability—Although LPS luminaires are not as readily available in retail stores as other light sources are, a
wide variety of LPS fixtures are available from a number of manufacturers.

Visit MyFWC.com


(850) 922-4330 FAX (850) 922-4338
In addition to the above, we heard concerns that LPS would cause an increase in crime, an
inability of first response teams to render aid due to the poor color rendition, and finally that low-
pressure sodium lamps blow up in Florida’s heavy rains.
• Calls to the FDLE and local law enforcement agencies revealed that there has been no
documented increase in crime or accidents in areas where LPS streetlights have been
installed.
• A call to local paramedics revealed that all first response (police, fire & rescue,
paramedics) carry their own light source and do not depend on an accident occurring
under a streetlight. There has never been a documented incident in the State of Florida
where aid was not rendered to someone because of poor color rendition under LPS
lighting.
• NASA provided information on LPS and water. They documented no tendency for LPS
to “blow-up” in rain. The picture on the above right was taken in Hilo, Hawaii. This area is
documented as having some of the highest rainfall in the United States. They currently
use only LPS street lighting due to the nearby astronomical observatories.
The following fixtures are recommended by the FWCC and the State of Florida’s Marine Turtle
Protection Program (MTPP) as providing the best available technology (BAT) for coastal
roadway lighting when kept at 55 to 90 watt LPS lamping. Fixture Specification Sheets are
attached:
These following fixtures meet the criteria for Best Available Technology (BAT) by the DOI,
USFWS, and FWCC for Wildlife Lighting
Roadway by Visionaire Lighting / Models RDW-1 and RDW-2 / Type III / EPA 1.2 and 1.4
This fixture is highly recommended due to the low profile, excellent optics, low EPA and
ease of installation on existing arms and poles.
AL-Series by ALLScape / Models AL-08, AL-09, Al-10 / EPA 1.33 to 1.52

Another excellent fixture that can be used to replace existing cobra heads. The AL-10
model is suitable for many roadway applications even at fairly low mounting heights. All
three models are ETL and CETL listed for wet locations.

Visit MyFWC.com


(850) 922-4330 FAX (850) 922-4338
Form 10 by GARDCO / Model Form 10 / EPA 1.49
The Form 10 by GARDCO is very popular for LPS applications. GARDCO is a trusted
name and the highly specular Alzak aluminum reflectors do a great job of directing the
photons allowing for wider pole spacing.
LPS Luminaires by Spaulding Lighting / Models Oakland 3, Dallas and Medallion

EPA 1.4 to 1.9 depending on the model
Spaulding offers three (3) models of LPS streetlights including twin lamp options.
Cypress by LSI Lighting Systems / Model Cypress LPS / Type A / EPA 1.7
The Cypress is a good value with great photometrics. However, the larger shoebox
design does carry a slightly high EPA of 1.7.
The fixture below does not meet one or more criteria of the DOI, USFWS, FWCC
Wildlife Lighting Requirements
LPS Roadway Series SRP by AEL (American Electric Lighting) / Model SRP 90 / EPA 1.45
This is the only fixture we recommend that is not considered a full cut-off or cut-off by
IESNA standards. This fixture is considered semi cut-off. However, this fixture is
installed in Brevard County on the Air Force Base and adjacent to known nesting habitat.
Surprisingly, these lights have proven to be better at reducing hatchling disorientations
than flat lens cobra head fixtures.
The principle advantage to the SRP Fixture is the broad photometric footprint making it
suitable for existing pole spacing and desired uniformity. The principle disadvantage is
that this fixture may be in violation of local lighting ordinances in some areas.
Facing the Future:
A few technologies are showing promise for a future that balances the needs of the local
community with environmental concerns and reduced dependence on foreign oil. Two test
projects have been approved in the State of Florida for LED streetlight / parking lot lights. The
technology uses only a fraction of the energy, meets desired EPA standards and can be
adapted to sea turtle nesting areas by specifying amber or red-orange diodes.
Tri-Lum™ and Econo-Lum™ by MoonCell, Inc.

Visit MyFWC.com


(850) 922-4330 FAX (850) 922-4338
The principle advantages are the extremely long bulb life, low power consumption, and greatly
reduced maintenance costs in the corrosive coastal environment. The other advantage is the
ability to control the wavelength output by specifying long-wavelength diodes in sea turtle
nesting areas. The principle disadvantages are the higher initial cost per fixture and the lower
lumens output.
The widespread adoption of LED technology will depend, in part, on revised engineering
standards for both roadway and environmentally sensitive areas. The IES is currently
reconsidering current illumination standards because existing guidelines were developed based
on photopic vision rather than the more accurate mesopic and scotopic vision standard
occurring during nighttime driving conditions. Adopting this “less-is-more” standard for roadway
illumination would open the way for the widespread use of LED street lighting technology.
Although the majority of LED streetlights (not in sea turtle nesting areas) would be “bright white”
diodes, the more acceptable 900 lumens output will allow the human eye to function more
naturally and reduce “skyglow” light pollution in coastal areas. (See attached editorial;
‘NumeLiTe’ by E.C. Guest, S.A. Mucklejohn & B. Preston, J.B. Rouffet & G. Zissis.)
Thank you for the opportunity to be part of this team. If I can be of further assistance in any way,
please don’t hesitate to email me at call me at [email protected] or call me directly at
(850) 922-4330.
Sincerely,
Dean Gallagher, ES II
Imperiled Species Management Section
cc: Ann L. Broadwell, FDOT

Larry Watson, Progress Energy
Amy Dierolf, Progress Energy
Sandy McPherson, USFWS
Stacy Forrester, FP & L
Lorna Patrick, USFWS
Blair Witherington, Ph.D., FWCC
R. Erik Martin, Ecological Associates, Inc.
Louis Fisher, Broward County
Christian B. Luginbuhl, U.S. Naval Observatory
Mike Richards, Chelco
Sandy Sims, Gulf Power
Robin Finkel, Gulf Power

Visit MyFWC.com
800-227-0758 / 510-357-6900
Model: Form 10 LPS

Wattage: 1 x 55-180
LED Crosswalk lighting
Gardco
http://www.gardcolighting.com/lgshome.cfm?brand=gar
SKYGARD™
201SA UNIT PACK
ROADWAY LIGHTING 201SA UNIT PACK
APPLICATIONS
• For outdoor work yards, roadside commercial establishments,
suburban developments, rural homes and yards
SPECIFICATION FEATURES
• Complete unit pack in one package standard: includes hood,
optical, lamp, PE control, prewired cable and mounting
hardware
• Die-cast aluminum hood
• Meets Full Cutoff requirements
• Slipfitter is adjustable for 1-1/4 in. to 2 in. pipe
ORDERING NUMBER LOGIC

SGR 07 S 1 N 5 2 S V5SL C
PRODUCT WATTAGE LIGHT VOLTAGE BALLAST PE CABLE MOUNTING LENS LAMP
IDENT SOURCE TYPE FUNCTION BRACKET TYPE TYPE
XXX XX X X X X X X XXXX X
SGR = 07 = 70 S = HPS 1 = 120 N = NPF 2 = PE Receptacle 2 = 30-in. L = Long 24-in. V5SL = Open Type 5 C = Clear
SKYGARD 10 = 100 C = Merc 3 = 240 Reactor 5 = PE Receptacle (762mm) (610mm) SKYGARD
15 = 150 or Lag with PE Control #16 N = None Latch Type
(55V) 4 = 5-ft S = Short
17 = 175 (1.5M/
#14
PHOTOMETRIC SELECTION TABLE

Photometric
Wattage Light Source IES Type Curve Number 35-
70 HPS 5 452513
100 HPS 5 452512
150 HPS 5 452511
175 Merc 5 452514
® Registered Trademark of General Electric Company

™ Trademark of General Electric Company
R-28/2001
GE Lighting Systems, Inc. Data subject to change without notice
www.gelightingsystems.com
SKYGARD™ 201SA UNIT PACK

FIXTURE DIMENSIONS
LONG MOUNTING BRACKET
SHORT MOUNTING BRACKET
SUGGESTED CATALOG NUMBERS

Opticals Only: GE Manufacturing Number
SGR-1 145298 Single Pack
SGR-5 145299 5 Pack - Order as quantity needed in total
Kits with Long Arm, PE,

Lamp and Cable included GE Manufacturing Number Wattage Light Source Voltage
SGR07S1N54LV5SLC 145618 70 HPS 120
SGR10S1N54LV5SLC 145619 100 HPS 120
SGR15S1N54LV5SLC 145620 150 HPS 120
SGR17C1N54LV5SLC 145877 175 Merc 120
SGR17C3N54LV5SLC 145617 175 Merc 240
DATA
Approximate Net Weight
Short 18 in. (457mm) Mounting Bracket 25 lbs 11 kgs
Long 24 in. (610mm) Mounting Bracket 30 lbs 14 kgs
Effective Projected Area 1.4 sq. ft. max 0.13 sq. M max
Suggested Mounting Height 12-25 ft. 4-8 M
REFERENCES
See Page R-38 for start of Accessories.
See Page R-42 for Explanation of Options and Other Terms Used.

Data subject to change without notice GE Lighting Systems, Inc. 2001/R-29
1736 Dreman Avenue
Cincinnati OH 45223
513-541-3486
http://www.lsi-
industries.com/index.php/lightingsol.html
Model: Cypress
Wattage: 1 x 90-180, 2 x 90
P.O. Box A
Conyers GA 30012
770-922-9000
Model: KT
Wattage: 1 x 90, 2 x 90
Manufacturer's Page
The MoonCell Luminaire
More efficient, Less
• Advanced Dual expensive
Source Technology
Unique
DUAL (Solar/Wind) renewable technologies allow
energy sources. Innovative faster recharge
design utilizes a mix of circuit time, longer life
optimization, well-chosen between charging
components, exclusive hybrid and no connection
solar cells, wind turbines, and to an electrical grid
the most advanced power = No electricity
management circuitry available. bills!
No infrastructure
requirements
No cables, no
trenches, no
overheads. Adapts
to existing poles.
Installs in minutes.
• Environmentally friendly Hybrid Solar Cells
Totally Renewable Energy. All MoonCell Solar

parts are recyclable or reusable. Cells are designed
Almost no light pollution from to charge across a
specially engineered LED’s. LEDs broad spectrum,
produce no ultraviolet light. including the
Ultraviolet and
Infrared ranges, at
less than 2 lux.
Power Management
Circuitry
Unique, patented
power
management
circuitry
distributes power
to lamp to optimize
discharge and
therefore, extend
battery life
• Virtually maintenance free Wind Turbine
Weatherproof, designed to withstand winds of 200+ mph. Polycarbonate Charges batteries

shell resists erosion, sand, dust, dirt, and bird droppings. Mil-spec luminaire at only 150 rpm
means long- life parts. Uses batteries engineered specifically for solar
applications and many repeated charging cycles. LED ’s rated for 100,000
hours service.
For more information,

email us at:
[email protected]
Case UV Stabilized Polycarbonate
MoonCell Street Lamp Specifications

Dimensions 30” x 12” x 5” (8” at Thickest Point)
Mounting Universal Fitting
Solar Panel Integral Design, no External Clampings
Wind Turbine 360 Degree, Venturi Effect Entry, Advanced Centrifugal Design
Batteries 2 x No-Maintenance, Sealed Lead Acid Gel-Cel Batteries,

Designed for Solar Applications
Light Source Dedicated 20mm Light Emitting Diodes
Light Output Controlled Semi -Coherent Pattern (Reduced Light Pollution and
Trespass Violations)
Power Consumption <6 Watts with 12 LED Configuration @ 12 VDC

with Integral Step-Down for LEDs
Minimum Charge 3-4 Hours Bright Sunlight, 6-8 Hours Overcast Conditions
Charge Cycle Solar: Positive Charge @ <2 Lux; Turbine: Based upon Wind
Speed, Positive Charge @ 150+ RPM. Both Sources Combined
by Power Management Circuitry
Maintenance Low-to-None
Lifespan Indefinite, with Battery Change Approximately Every 5-6 Years
Health/Safety No Hazardous Materials. No UV Produced by LEDs. All Parts

Recyclable or Reusable. Battery Overload Protection. ISO 9001
Compliant and UL Certified
Upgrades Encoded Radio Frequency Switching (On/Off)
Add-Ons (In Progress) CCD Camera, Various Sensors, Communications

Between Lamps, Wireless Narrowband and Broadband
Communications Infrastructure
Howard Hochrad
(904) 379-5320
[email protected]
Florida, Alabama & Georgia Sales
Roadway Lighting
Why LPS?: There has been much confusion about the

appropriate fixture and lamp to use for roadway lighting. In
part, this confusion has been due to the availability of
fixtures that can accommodate low pressure sodium lamps
(LPS), misinformation about the safety of LPS lamps, the
color rendition (or lack thereof), and the cost of the fixtures.
Safety, cost, and color rendition have been addressed or
explained by a variety of sources. A good summary can be
found at: http://www.nofs.navy.mil/about_NOFS/staff/cbl/ or
http://www.darksky.org/index.html. Regarding availability,
while the selection of LPS fixtures may be limited compared
to other fixture types, there are quite a number of
manufacturers that carry LPS products.
Existing lights versus new or replacement lights: To

address the concern for unavailability of LPS fixtures and
the need to provide a quick fix to existing problem lights that
were still in working condition we recommend the use of
adding shields to high pressure sodium (HPS) fixtures or
using full cut off HPS fixtures. THIS IS STILL OUR
RECOMMENDATION FOR EXISTING FIXTURES.
HOWEVER, REPLACEMENT OF EXISTING FIXTURES
OR INSTALLATION OF NEW FIXTURES SHOULD BE
WITH LPS FIXTURES. Since availability of LPS fixtures
has vastly improved, we have revised the guide to only
provide information on LPS fixtures and a few fixtures that
can be used as a temporary “fix” until replacement of the
existing fixture is needed.
1736 Dreman Avenue
Cincinnati OH 45223
513-541-3486
http://www.spauldinglighting.com/
http://www.spaulding-ltg.com/products/browse/Low_Pressure_Sodium_Area.asp
Model: Medallion LPS

Wattage: 1 x 35-55
Available pole-mount only
Model: Oakland I LPS

Wattage: 1 x 35-180
Model: Oakland II LPS

Wattage: 2 x 35-180
Model: Oakland III

Wattage: 1 x 90-180
Model: Dallas LPS

Wattage: 2 x 18-90
Model: Palomar LPS

Wattage: 1 x 35-180
Note: CFL option only is fully shielded
Model: Cambridge II LPS

Must request LPS specifications from Mfr.
Model: Alaire LPS

Must request LPS specifications from Mfr
[email protected]
Model: B Series
Wattage: 1 x 55-180, 2 x 55-180
2930 South Fairview Street
Santa Ana CA 92704
800-854-8277
http://www.allscape.net/
Model: AL-08
Wattage: 1 x 35-180
Manufacturer's Page
Model: AL-09
Wattage: 1 x 35-180, 2 x 35-90
Manufacturer's Page
Model: AL-10
Wattage: 1 x 35-180, 2 x 35-90
800-227-0758 / 510-357-6900
Model: Form 10 LPS

Wattage: 1 x 55-180
SKYGARD™
201SA UNIT PACK
APPLICATIONS
• For outdoor work yards, roadside commercial establishments,
suburban developments, rural homes and yards
SPECIFICATION FEATURES
• Complete unit pack in one package standard: includes hood,
optical, lamp, PE control, prewired cable and mounting
hardware
• Die-cast aluminum hood
• Meets Full Cutoff requirements
• Slipfitter is adjustable for 1-1/4 in. to 2 in. pipe
ORDERING NUMBER LOGIC

SGR 07 S 1 N 5 2 S V5SL C
PRODUCT WATTAGE LIGHT VOLTAGE BALLAST PE CABLE MOUNTING LENS LAMP
IDENT SOURCE TYPE FUNCTION BRACKET TYPE TYPE
XXX XX X X X X X X XXXX X
SGR = 07 = 70 S = HPS 1 = 120 N = NPF 2 = PE Receptacle 2 = 30-in. L = Long 24-in. V5SL = Open Type 5 C = Clear
SKYGARD 10 = 100 C = Merc 3 = 240 Reactor 5 = PE Receptacle (762mm) (610mm) SKYGARD
15 = 150 or Lag with PE Control #16 N = None Latch Type
(55V) 4 = 5-ft S = Short
17 = 175 (1.5M/
#14
PHOTOMETRIC SELECTION TABLE

Photometric
Wattage Light Source IES Type Curve Number 35-
70 HPS 5 452513
100 HPS 5 452512
150 HPS 5 452511
175 Merc 5 452514

R-28/2001
GE Lighting Systems, Inc. Data subject to change without notice
SKYGARD™ 201SA UNIT PACK

FIXTURE DIMENSIONS
LONG MOUNTING BRACKET
SHORT MOUNTING BRACKET
SUGGESTED CATALOG NUMBERS

Opticals Only: GE Manufacturing Number
SGR-1 145298 Single Pack
SGR-5 145299 5 Pack - Order as quantity needed in total
Kits with Long Arm, PE,

Lamp and Cable included GE Manufacturing Number Wattage Light Source Voltage
SGR07S1N54LV5SLC 145618 70 HPS 120
SGR10S1N54LV5SLC 145619 100 HPS 120
SGR15S1N54LV5SLC 145620 150 HPS 120
SGR17C1N54LV5SLC 145877 175 Merc 120
SGR17C3N54LV5SLC 145617 175 Merc 240
DATA
Approximate Net Weight
Short 18 in. (457mm) Mounting Bracket 25 lbs 11 kgs
Long 24 in. (610mm) Mounting Bracket 30 lbs 14 kgs
Effective Projected Area 1.4 sq. ft. max 0.13 sq. M max
Suggested Mounting Height 12-25 ft. 4-8 M
REFERENCES
See Page R-38 for start of Accessories.
See Page R-42 for Explanation of Options and Other Terms Used.

Data subject to change without notice GE Lighting Systems, Inc. 2001/R-29
1736 Dreman Avenue
Cincinnati OH 45223
513-541-3486
http://www.lsi-
industries.com/index.php/lightingsol.html
Model: Cypress
Wattage: 1 x 90-180, 2 x 90
P.O. Box A
Conyers GA 30012
770-922-9000
Model: KT
Wattage: 1 x 90, 2 x 90
Manufacturer's Page
The MoonCell Luminaire
More efficient, Less
• Advanced Dual expensive
Source Technology
Unique
DUAL (Solar/Wind) renewable technologies allow
energy sources. Innovative faster recharge
design utilizes a mix of circuit time, longer life
optimization, well-chosen between charging
components, exclusive hybrid and no connection
solar cells, wind turbines, and to an electrical grid
the most advanced power = No electricity
management circuitry available. bills!
No infrastructure
requirements
No cables, no
trenches, no
overheads. Adapts
to existing poles.
Installs in minutes.
• Environmentally friendly Hybrid Solar Cells
Totally Renewable Energy. All MoonCell Solar

parts are recyclable or reusable. Cells are designed
Almost no light pollution from to charge across a
specially engineered LED’s. LEDs broad spectrum,
produce no ultraviolet light. including the
Ultraviolet and
Infrared ranges, at
less than 2 lux.
Power Management
Circuitry
Unique, patented
power
management
circuitry
distributes power
to lamp to optimize
discharge and
therefore, extend
battery life
• Virtually maintenance free Wind Turbine
Weatherproof, designed to withstand winds of 200+ mph. Polycarbonate Charges batteries

shell resists erosion, sand, dust, dirt, and bird droppings. Mil-spec luminaire at only 150 rpm
means long- life parts. Uses batteries engineered specifically for solar
applications and many repeated charging cycles. LED ’s rated for 100,000
hours service.
For more information,

email us at:
[email protected]
Case UV Stabilized Polycarbonate
MoonCell Street Lamp Specifications

Dimensions 30” x 12” x 5” (8” at Thickest Point)
Mounting Universal Fitting
Solar Panel Integral Design, no External Clampings
Wind Turbine 360 Degree, Venturi Effect Entry, Advanced Centrifugal Design
Batteries 2 x No-Maintenance, Sealed Lead Acid Gel-Cel Batteries,

Designed for Solar Applications
Light Source Dedicated 20mm Light Emitting Diodes
Light Output Controlled Semi -Coherent Pattern (Reduced Light Pollution and
Trespass Violations)
Power Consumption <6 Watts with 12 LED Configuration @ 12 VDC

with Integral Step-Down for LEDs
Minimum Charge 3-4 Hours Bright Sunlight, 6-8 Hours Overcast Conditions
Charge Cycle Solar: Positive Charge @ <2 Lux; Turbine: Based upon Wind
Speed, Positive Charge @ 150+ RPM. Both Sources Combined
by Power Management Circuitry
Maintenance Low-to-None
Lifespan Indefinite, with Battery Change Approximately Every 5-6 Years
Health/Safety No Hazardous Materials. No UV Produced by LEDs. All Parts

Recyclable or Reusable. Battery Overload Protection. ISO 9001
Compliant and UL Certified
Upgrades Encoded Radio Frequency Switching (On/Off)
Add-Ons (In Progress) CCD Camera, Various Sensors, Communications

Between Lamps, Wireless Narrowband and Broadband
Communications Infrastructure
Howard Hochrad
(904) 379-5320
[email protected]
Florida, Alabama & Georgia Sales
800-227-0758 / 510-357-6900
Model: Form 10 LPS

Wattage: 1 x 55-180
P.O. Box A
Conyers GA 30012
770-922-9000
Model: KT
Wattage: 1 x 90, 2 x 90
Manufacturer's Page
SELS RECESSED SERIES
Electrical Data:
SHOWN WITH CLEAR FLAT Low Pressure Sodium Ballast
TEMPERED GLASS LENS DCB-Double Contact Bayonnette base sockett
Lamp: (by others)

35LPS
Options:
CG Clear tempered glass
SM Surface Ceiling Mount
Finish:
Polyester powder coat finish - semi-gloss white
Recessed J-box
by others 1 60Hz core/coil ballast, 120V operation
2 Satin coat steel housing

2 suitable for surface ceiling mount.
1 Independent support by installer
3
8” 3 Hammertone symmetric reflector system
4 Clear tempered glass lens flush in hinged frame.

4
24” SQUARE
SIDE VIEW CAT. NO.:

227 Wilkinson Rd.
Brampton, Ontario.
L6T 4M2
Tel. 905-457-4777
solera
www.soleracorp.com
Fax 905-457-1115 architectural lighting innovations
DWG NO. PROJECT:
Listing:
Complies with CSA, UL approved with OD-CR408-B2 THE VIEW CONDO
9
SCALE SIZE REV QTY:
ETL label for wet location.
TYPE PGA NTS A A
1736 Dreman Avenue
Cincinnati OH 45223
513-541-3486
http://www.spauldinglighting.com/
http://www.spaulding-ltg.com/products/browse/Low_Pressure_Sodium_Area.asp
Model: Medallion LPS

Wattage: 1 x 35-55
Model: Oakland I LPS

Wattage: 1 x 35-180
Model: Oakland II LPS

Wattage: 2 x 35-180
Model: Oakland III

Wattage: 1 x 90-180
Model: Dallas LPS

Wattage: 2 x 18-90
Model: Palomar LPS

Wattage: 1 x 35-180
Note: CFL option only is fully shielded
Model: Cambridge II LPS

Must request LPS specifications from Mfr.
Model: Alaire LPS

Must request LPS specifications from Mfr
LED Crosswalk lighting
Gardco
http://www.gardcolighting.com/lgshome.cfm?brand=gar
TURTLE BOLLARD
General Description: Low Pressure Sodium
bollard with 180-degree shielding provides
pedestrian safety while eliminating light
Sea Turtle Friendly trespass on Sea Turtle Nesting Beaches. The
high impact look includes extreme durability
and corrosion resistant construction.
Construction: Marine grade low copper
content cast aluminum top and mounting gear.
Housing is marine grade aluminum extrusion.
Stainless steel external hardware protects
Dome Top against corrosion.
Lens: Clear polycarbonate cylindrical lens.
Internal Louvers: High reflectance aluminum.
Houseside Shield: Corrosion resistant,
high purity aluminum.
Cone Top Lamp: Fixture includes vertically mounted
Low Pressure Sodium lamp.
Ballast: High power factor ballast. Standard
with quad volt (MT) 120/208/240/277V
60Hz ballast.
Decorative Top: Two top styles available:
Done and Come.
Shown with Dome Top Option
Mounting: Base is secured to concrete footing
(by others) using provided masonite template.
A 3” (76 mm) dia. conduit opening is provided
in the base for ease of wiring.
Finish: Black textured polyester powder coat
finish standard. Bronze, gray, white, silver, and
verde green options available. For custom
colors, please contact factory.
Gaskets: EPDM gaskets are standard.
Listings: UL Listed 1598 for Wet Locations.
Indoor/Outdoor listed for use in Canada.
180-degree Shielded, IESNA Cutoff

35w maximum, Vertical Lamp
8711 West Port Avenue • Milwaukee, WI 53224 USA • Phone: 414-973-3300 • Fax: 414-973-3210
Durability by Design www.phoenixproducts.com
LAMP TOP
SERIES DIAMETER MOUNT OPTIONS VOLTAGE HEIGHT FINISH
SELECTION STYLE MT Standard 46” Standard Black Standard
Example TB 6 B 35LPS D TS DT 30 WHT
TB 6 B 35LPS C NR DT 30 BRZ
D TS WHT
VGN
GRY
SIL
CC
SERIES VOLTAGE (MT Standard) LAMP AND BALLAST NOTES

TB = Turtle Bollard, Sea Turtle Friendly DT = 347/480V, 60Hz 1 - LPS lamp not included.
MT = 120/208/240/277V, 60Hz 2 - Standard with multi-tap (MT) ballast.
DIAMETER 2 - 347V and 480V available, consult with factory
6 = 6” standard HEIGHT (46” Standard) for availability.
30 = 30”
LAMP SELECTION MOUNTING NOTES
35LPS = 35W Low Pressure Sodium (T16, medium base) FINISH (Black Standard) 1 - Base is secured to concrete footing using provided
BRZ = Bronze masonite template.
MOUNTING WHT = White 2 - Suggested poured base: 2’ (610mm) deep x 12”
B = Bollard VGN = Verde Green (305mm) diameter (dependent on soil types and frost
GRY = Gray line - consult with a local civil engineer for verification).
TOP STYLE SIL = Silver
C = Cone Top CC = Custom Colors (contact factory)
D = Dome Top
OPTIONS
NR = No Rings
TS = Tamperproof Screws
1 x LPS 35w T16

lumen output: 4,600
LF052506 TB
8711 West Port Avenue • Milwaukee, WI 53224 USA • Phone: 414-973-3300 • Fax: 414-973-3210
Durability by Design www.phoenixproducts.com
•These fixtures need to be on low poles so the light source can not be seen from
the nesting beach
•The inside of the fixture needs to be painted black
•Use 40-watt or less bug lights if the fixture is in anyway visible from the nesting
beach
Walkway and Stairway Lights
Red Dot SiteLight Surface light, 10 watt bulb
Attach to wall, post, or railing; mount no higher
than 18 inches
Each: $16.00 bulb: $0.89
No transformer needed
Need to order: L.E. Mason Co. PT # K851BR.
Home Depot sku #: 246-334.
Intermatic Malibu Surface light, 7 watt bulb

Attach to wall, post, or railing; mount no higher than
18 inches
Each: $10.00 (comes with bulb)
Transformer needed: based on total watts in line
Up to 88 watts: $29.00; 89 - 121 watts: $32.00;
123 - 300 watts:$90.00 301 - 600 watts: $130.00
100 ft of wire = $25.00
Marlex Nautical Pier Light; use 7 watt bulb

Attach to wall, post, or railing; mount no higher
than 18 inches
Each: $25.00
WholesaleLandscapeLighting - RecessedMount StepLights (1) Page1 of2
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#PD54Enlarged Page1 of 1
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Includes 12v Bulb!
Size: 3 1/8" W x 4.5" H x 2.5" Deep
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Information Sheet32 (April 1997) Page1 of2
04/97
International Dark-Sky Association -- Information Sheet 32
Telling the Difference Between Different Lighting Sources
For thosenew to the issues,this information sheetis abouthow to tell the differencebetweenthe most common
outdoorlight sources,aswell asto discusssomeof the basicissuesaboutlighting.
First, moonlight.We all know that one.It lights up the ground,andthe sky, for abouttwo weeksa month;it is
brighteston the nights nearestfull moon, of course.
Next, the candle.Thereare many typesof candles,of course,and it is interestingthat the candlewasusedasthe
standardlight sourcefor many, many years.Similar in intensity were oil lights, burning varioustypesof naturaloils,
includingwhale oil.
Gaslighting wasthe next to be used.This onewas sometimesusedin interestinglooking lighting fixtures,andthese

fixtures are still usedtoday, particularly in historic districts,placesthat want to preservethe look of the old days.The
problemcomeswheremodemlampsare usedin thesefixtures, lampswith much greaterlight outputthanthe old
sources.If that is the situation,then the fixtures don't look like they did at night in the old days.Now they producea
greatdeal of glare,and visibility is compromised.They don't look at all like they usedto. How to get what'swanted?
Put only a very low wattagelamp in the fixture so asto preservethe old time "ambiance".Then light the groundwith
a separatelighting system,one using modemfixtures with good light control and no glare. One seesthe old time
fixture, and likes it. But one also seesa properly illuminated landscape,with no glare.
Thencamethe incandescentlamps:more efficient thanthe earlier sources.By today'sstandard,thesearenot efficient

sources.They are OK if usedin low wattage(not much energywaste)or when usedinfrequently (switchedon by
manualswitch or occupancysensor)for someapplications.An exampleis the many low wattagelampsusedat
Christmastime, on treesand elsewhere.Another disadvantageof incandescentlampsis their relatively shortlifetime.
They shouldnot be the sourceof choicefor most outdoorlighting applications.
Quartz/halogenlampsareratherlike incandescentlamps,andthereareother suchlampsthat areusedfor special

applications.Theseare arc or filament lamps,usually with a lot of glare,and only a little more efficient than standard
incandescents.Most alsohaverelatively short lifetimes. Thesetypesof lampsare most often usedtoday in spotlights
andfloodlights.
Fluorescentlighting is usedoccasionallyfor outdoorlighting; we seeit sometimesin car lots and other such
applications.It is generallya long tube source,with little or no glare.The control of the light outputis often not very
good,but often adequate.It hasevenbeenusedfor streetlighting. Most all suchapplicationshavedisappeared,
replacedby more efficient and more controllablesources.Of course,it is a very commonlighting sourcefor interior
lighting. The developmentof compactfluorescentsin recentyearswill no doubt harbora comebackin fluorescent
lighting for someoutdoorlighting applications.
Mercury lampshavebeenusedfor many yearsfor outdoorlighting, especiallystreetlighting andrural security

lighting. It wasthe dominantsourcefor suchapplicationsfor many years.It is an arc source,glary, greenishwhite,
cold looking usually. The light output fadeswith time, andmanypresentlampsare outputtingonly a small fraction
of the light they usedto emit. The major problemwith mercury lighting is perhapsthe fact that most suchlampsare
housedin very inefficient fixtures. They were designedin the daysof cheapelectricity, when energyefficiency was
not very importantto most people.
Mercury lampsaremore efficient than the incandescentlights they replaced,but they are not really an efficient light
- --
Infonnation Sheet32 (April 1997) Page2 of2
sourceby today'sstandard.They shouldno longer be usedfor most applications.It is usually quite costeffectiveto
replace-them"Withmo:re'efficienrfixtures
andlalfips~Onestill seesthem being usedin greatabUridance by the
unawareor insensitive.Most of the outdoorlighting control ordinancesin Arizona prohibit the installationor useof
any new mercurylight sourcesasthey are so inefficient; the useof suchlighting fixtures, eventhe older ones,have
beenprohibitedin the Tucsonand Pima County areasinceMay 1991.
Metal halide lampsarethe other comInon"white" light sourceusedfor outdoorlighting. They aremore energy
efficient than mercury and,being a more recentlight source,areusually in more efficient light fixtures, onesthat
control the light output distribution much better.One seesthesesourcesin parking lots and car dealerlighting today,
andthey areusually the white light sourceseenin well shieldedlighting fixtures. Unfortunately,the bulb wattages
usedareoften too high, resulting in a "harsh" and overlit environment.They are a bluish-whitearc sourceandare
very glary if not well shielded.
High pressuresodium(HPS) lampsarequite energyefficient, more so than any of the abovesources.An HPSlamp
is alsoan arc source,and so it is glary if not in a well shieldedfixture. It looks orangishto the eye, andgivesonly fair
color rendering.Many communitiesand businesseshavereplacedtheir older lighting with HPS.Unfortunately,often
they replacedonly the lampsand ballasts,and continuedto usethe old inefficient fixtures, and so still havea poor
lighting job: poor control of the light, and a greatdeal of light trespass,glare,and sky glow. Also, many replacedthe
older lighting with HPS at nearly the samewattage,getting no appreciableenergysavings.Certainly they got more
light, dueto the increasedefficiency of the source,but often that additionallight was not needed.Wasteagain.When
the correctamountof light (and hencethe correctwattageHPS lamp) is usedin a modem,efficient, full cutoff
lighting fixture (onethat hasexcellentcontrol of the light output), insuringthat the light is all usedandnonewasted,
thenoneusually hasa lighting applicationthat is quite good.
Low pressuresodium(LPS) lampsarethe most energyefficient light sourcesyet invented.They shouldbe the source
of choicefor applicationswhereenergysavingsis of the highestimportance.LPS lampsarenot an arc source,andso
arenot glary undermost any condition. They are a tube source,ratherlike the fluorescentlamps,but not aslong.
They look yellow, just like the ambercolor of a traffic signallight. Thereis no color renderingat all, so they should
not be usedwherecolor renderingis critical unlesssomewhite light is added.It only takesa little; two of the new car
saleslots in Tucsonare lit primarily with LPS, with a little bit of white light addedto provide color rendition.Since
LPS is so energyefficient, low wattagelamps,even 18 or 35 watts,put out a remarkableamountof light. Many
peopleinstall too high a wattagelamp, becausethey areusedto the wattagesof incandescentlamps.[SeeIDA
infonnation sheetnumber4.] Naturally, LPS light sourcesshouldalwaysbe usedin efficient fixtures, wherethe light
output is adequately
installations controlled
in Tucson, andno light is wasted.Suchfixtures do exist and are usedin all the newer
for example. --
In thesedaysof increasingsensitivity to the environmentand of growing awarenessof energywaste,it is most

importantto be awareof the differencesin outdoor lighting sources.Somecommunitiesare savingmillions of dollars
while at the sametime enhancingboth the effectivenessof their outdoorlighting and improving the nighttime
environment.Everyonewins.
- @ IDA Inc., 3225 N. First Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719-2103 USA

Telephone: 1-520-293-3198 Fax: 520-293-3192 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.darksky.org
Excerpts from the FDEP - Chapter 62B-34, General Permits for Activities Seaward of the Coastal
Construction Control Line
62B-34.070 General Permit for a Single Family Dwelling and Associated Minor Structures or Activities
(4) Turtle Protection Requirements. All work authorized by this General Permit shall meet the
following turtle protection requirements:
(a) All windows and glass doors on the seaward and shore-perpendicular sides of any new
dwellings or additions shall be tinted to transmittance value (light transmission from inside to
outside) of 45% or less through the use of tinted glass or window film or screens.
(b) The following types of lighting are authorized under the General Permit. Any
departure or deviation from these lighting requirements shall constitute a violation of the
General Permit.
1. Balcony, deck and entranceway lights shall be canister down-light fixtures or louvered wall
lights that adhere to the following standard:
a. Canister down-light fixtures shall be equipped with black baffles or grates, shall have
the light source recessed so that it is not visible from the beach, shall be used with one
480 (or less) lumens output standard incandescent (or equivalent) yellow “bug” bulb,
and shall be limited to no more than one fixture per egress.
b. Louvered wall lights shall be mounted 12 inches or less above the adjacent floor or
deck, shall be equipped with louvers that completely hide the light source, shall be used
with one 480 (or less) lumens output standard incandescent (or equivalent) yellow
“bug” bulb, and shall be limited to no more than one fixture per egress.
2. Underhouse lights for unenclosed or partially enclosed parking and building access areas
shall be canister fixtures, either mounted on piles or recessed into the ceiling. The fixtures
shall be equipped with black baffles, shall have the light source recessed so that it is not
visible from the beach, shall be used with one 480 (or less) lumens output standard
incandescent (or equivalent) yellow “bug” bulb, and shall be limited to no more than one
fixture per 100 square feet of parking or building access area.
3. Landscaping and pathway lights shall be mushroom type fixtures, shall extend no more
than 12 inches above the ground, shall be used with 220(or less) lumens output standard
incandescent (or equivalent) bulbs or with 400 (or less) lumens output compact fluorescent
(or equivalent) bulbs, shall extend no farther seaward than the house, and shall be limited to
one fixture per 8 feet of path length or 1 fixture per 100 square feet of ground area.
(c) No lights shall be permitted on dune walkovers or elevated walkovers to the beach.
(d) No additional lighting shall be authorized.
(e) No temporary lighting of the construction area is authorized at any time during the marine
turtle-nesting season (May 1-Oct 31 all counties except Brevard, Indian River, St. Lucie,
Martin, Palm Beach and Broward counties March 1-Oct31)
Disclaimer: The information on this web site is provisional. For matters affecting legal rights, please refer to
the printed version of the appropriate official publication.
2006 Request for Temporary Lighting Shield

(PLEASE PRINT OR TYPE)
Name: __________________________________________________________________
Residence Owner Business Owner Business Manager Other:_________________
Property Name (if applicable): ______________________________________________
Type of Property:
Private Residence Condominium Hotel/Motel/Resort Business
Parking Lot Roadway County Owned Park
Property Street Address: __________________________________________________
City: ____________________________ County: _____________________________
Telephone Number: (_______)_______-_________
Number and Location of Problem Light(s):
_____ Attached to Building
How high up? __________ feet / story
Building Face: North South East West
Corner of Building/Intersection: NE NW SE SW
_____ In Parking Lot
_____ In/On Parking Garage
_____ On Roadway
Intersection of ________________ and __________________
Corner of Intersection: NE NW SE SW
_____ In Pool Area
_____ In Courtyard
_____ Other (please explain): ____________________________________
620 South Meridian Street •Tallahassee • FL • 32399-1600

www.floridaconservation.org
Page 2
NEMA (Open Bottom) Wall-mounted Wall-Pack
Number of shields requested:
______ NEMA Shields

______ Wall-mounted Wall-Pack Shields
Number of Shield Provided (to be filled in by FWC):
______ NEMA Shields
______ Wall-mounted Wall-Pack Shields
User Agreement
I agree to install the shield provided to me within 60 days of delivery. I understand it is

being loaned to me for the purpose of controlling light pollution in my area. When it
becomes necessary to replace this light fixture, I will replace it with an approved “Wildlife
Lighting” Certified Fixture and I will arrange to have the shield returned to the FWC. I will
contact FWC to conduct an inspection or take a picture of the shielded light on my property.
___________________________
User’s Name (Please Print)
______________________________ ______________________________
User’s Signature Date
RETURN THIS FORM TO:

FLORIDA FISH & WILDLIFE CONSERVATION COMMISSION
IMPERILED SPECIES MANAGEMENT
P.O. BOX 3478
TEQUESTA, FLORIDA 33469
620 South Meridian Street •Tallahassee • FL • 32399-1600
www.floridaconservation.org
Information Sheet30 (June2000) Page1 of2
06/00
International Dark-Sky Association -- Information Sheet 30
Discussion and Partial List of Lighting Fixtures
We can look at fixtures in several ways:
Light fixture efficiency: effective control of light outputthroughoptical control and shielding
Light sourceefficiency: using light sourcesthat producemore light per unit of energyconsumed
Suppliers:somecompaniesmanufacturemostly efficient light fixtures, othersproducemostly inefficient ones;
many produceboth good and bad
This information sheet gives some discussion of each of these.
1. Lighting control. An efficient and effective lighting fixture must haveincludedin it elementsto controlthe
light output,directing the light to whereit is needed.Theseelementscanbe reflectors,refractors,louvers,or
baffles.Onewantsto minimize the light losswithin the fixture itself aswell, so asto maximizethe useof the
light output.
We strongly recommendfull cutofffixtures. By this we meanthat thereis no light emittedabovethe horizontal
(no up going light). Thereshouldalsobe not much light (generally< 4%) at anglesgreaterthan 75 degrees
abovethe vertical. Suchlight causesa lot of glare.
Whenthereis a needfor someup light, suchasin a baseballpark, then we recommendsharp cutoff fixtures,
onesin which thereis very good beamcontrol of the light output.This meansthat therewill be very little spill
light, up light, or light trespass.
Any building facadelighting, landscapelighting, or other suchlighting shoulduseas Iowa wattagelamp as

possible,and the beamsshouldbe tightly controlled,to minimize wastelight.
2. Lighting source. Lamps differ greatly in the amountof light outputproducedfor the amountof wattagethey
use.IDA Information SheetNo.4 gives specifics,but we can sayherethat low pressuresodiumsourcesarethe
mostefficient, followed by high pressuresodium,thenmetal halide.Metal halide is a white light source;
fluorescentlampsare also a fairly efficient white light source.For low wattages,therearea numberof
excellentwhite light sources,suchas "PL" lamps.Neither LPS nor HPS give good color rendering,LPS giving
noneat all. Many applicationsof nighttime lighting, however,do not requirecolor rendering,andLPS is an
excellentchoicefor suchapplications.
3. Lighting suppliers. Therearemany sourcesof lighting fixtures. Somestockmany varieties,someonly a

few. Somestocka wide rangeof quality, someonly the cheapest.As in anything else,you get what you pay
for, and most of the cheaponesarenot recommended.They producemuch glare and wastedlight, andthey are
not well suitedfor any lighting application.Buy lighting fixtures from knowledgeablesources.Therearemany
manufacturersof good lighting fixtures. Haveyour local lighting stores,distributors,or representatives
consult
the catalogsof, for example,AmericanElectric, Emco,GeneralElectric, Kim, Spaulding,Sylvania,WideLite,
andothers.Be sureto buy only quality fixtures: onesthat areenergyefficient andthat give excellentcontrol of
the light output,minimizing glare, light trespass,and urbansky glow.
@ IDA Inc., 3225 N. First Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719-2103 USA

Infomlation Sheet4 (September1996) Page1 of 3
08/96
Internationa/..Dark-Sky
Association(IDA) Information Sheet 4
-~
Operating Data'-andthe Economicsof Different Lamps ---

- - ~,-- --
Assume:4100hoursof useper year (averagenighttime hours,duskto dawn) 8~ per KWH (typical averagecostper
kilowatt-hour,the power rate)
Low Pressure Sodium
180VV 135VV 90VV 55VV 35VV 18VV

Initial Lumens 33000 22500 13500 8000 4800 1800
~eanLumens 33000 22500 13500 8000 4800 1800
Lamp VVattage 180 135 90 55 35 18
Circuit VVattage 220 180 125 80 60 30
Initial Lum/watt 150 125 108 100 80 60
~ean Lum/w~tt -- 150 125 108 100 80 60
Annual KWH Use 902 738 513 328 246 123
A-.nr!\!alOper Cost ccltiJ.)-.:. $72.16 _$59.04 $41.04 $26.24 $.19.6&-- $9.84
High Pres~~~e ~IU~;""",,:;~~""~,~,"'.,
-
-~~: -- ::-~_--:--
"-
";:.~~- - ~~ i"
400VV 250VV 200VV 150VV 100VV 70VV 50VV 35VV

Initial Lumens -. - 50000 28500 22000 16000 9500 6300 4000 2250
~ean Lumens ". 45000 25700 19800 14400 8550 5670 3600 2025
Lamp VVattage ",
~""" ,..- "400 250 200 150 100 70 50 35
Circuit VVattage 465 294 246 193 130 88 66 46
Initial Lurn/watt 108 97 89 83 73 72 61 49
~ean Lum/watt 97 87 80 75 66 64 55 44
Annual KWH Use 1907 1205 1009 791 533 361 271 189
Annual Oper Cost $152.56 $96.40 $80.72 $63.28 $42.64 $28.88 $21.68 $15.12
Metal Halide
1000VV 400VV 250VV 175VV 150VV 100VV 70VV 50VV 32VV

Initial Lumens 110000 36000 20500 16600 13000 9000 5500 3500 2500
~eanLumens 88000 28800 12700 10350 8700 6400 4000 2500 1900
LampVVattage 1000 400 250 175 150 100 70 50 32
Circuit VVattage 1070 456 295 215 184 115 88 62 43
Initial Lum/watt 103 79 69 77 71 78 63 56 58
~ean Lum/watt 82 63 58 48 47 56 45 40 44
Annual K~ Use 4387 1870 1210 882 754 472 361 254 176
Annual Oper Cost $350.96 $149.60 $96.80 $70.56 $60.32 $37.76 $28.88 $20.32 $14.08
Information Sheet4 (September1996)
Mercury Vapor and Incandescent *

p.~ - Page2 of 3
1000VV 700VV 400VV 250VV 175VV 100VV 150VV* 100VV*

Initial Lumens 55000 36400 20500 11850 7850 4100 2850 1710
~eanLumens 46200 29850 18570 10540 7140 3230 2850 1710
LmnpVVattage 1000 700 400 250 175 100 150 100
Circuit VVattage 1090 765 455 285 205 135 150 100
Initial Lum/watt 50 48 45 42 38 30 19 17
~eanLum/watt 42 39 41 37 35 24 19 17
Annual K~ Use 4469 3137 1866 1169 841 554 615 410
Annual Oper Cost $357.52 $250.96 $149.28 $93.52 $67.28 $44.32 $49.20 $32.80
lined up at nearly equallumen output,to showthe relative energy& cost savings.Definitions and DiscussionPoints
1. The numbersin the precedingtable are approximate.Lumen outputdependson the bulb manufacturerand
operatingconditions.Circuit wattagedependson the ballastmanufacturer.
2. The numbersin the precedingtable are for clearbulbs.Diffuse coated("frosted") bulbs are availablefor most
Imnptypes,andthesewill havea somewhatlower lumenoutput.Always usediffuse coatedbulbs whenthe
light sourceis directly visible from normal viewing anglesto reduceglare. Use clear bulbsin fully shielded
fixtures or when the fixture lens is diffuse or translucent.
3. VVe use4100 hoursastypical of the annualoperatingtime of a streetlight or any other fixture controlledby a
photosensorthat comeson at dusk and goesoff at dawn.4100 / 365 = 11.23hoursper night. A smnplingof
severalcities indicatesthat 4100 hoursis typical of the hoursthat their streetlighting systemis operatingeach
year.
4. The U.S.A. nationalaveragefor electricalutility ratesis closeto 8 centsper kilowatt-hour.One canand should
usea rate that is representativeof local utility rates.The rangeis from a low of about4 cents(wouldn'tthat be
nice in your own area?!)to a high of 18 centsor more.Any spreadsheet progrmnmakessuchcomparisons
easy.Oneshouldallow for future rate changes,which are most generallyupwards.
5. Kilowatt-hour (K~) is a measureof the mnountof energyused.Kilowatts measurepower.A kilowatt is
1000watts.A K~ is one kilowatt of power usedfor a durationof one hour.
6. Initial lumensis a measureof how much light the Imnp is emitting nearthe beginningof its life. ~ost high-
efficiency light sources(exceptLPS) declinein light outputwith time. LPS hasa lifetime of aboutfour years,
and HPSaboutfive, while mercury vapor almostnever "burnsout"; it just keepsgetting fainter andfainter.
You canestimatethe relative effectsby looking at the row titled "meanlumens".This is the averageoutputof
the Imnpduring its usablelifetime.
7. ~ean lumensis a measureof how much light the Imnpis putting out after abouttwo or threeyearsof usage.
VVeassumea typical lifetime for the Imnp,either dueto burnoutof the Imnp or to group replacement.Many
communitiesreplaceImnpsafter a specifiedinterval, so asto minimize any outagesdue to Imnpburnout.The
costof a Imnp is much lessthan the cost of an accidentor a lawsuit dueto a Imnphaving burnedout. The issue
of half life andreplacementstrategyis complicated,and few agreeon all aspects.
8. Circuit wati(}getakesinto accountthe other energyusesbesidesthat of the Imnp.The major energylossoccurs
in the ballast,a unit neededto startand operatethe Imnpunderconditionsthat it is designedfor. Thereare
many different kinds of ballasts,andwhat is good for one lamp or wattageis usually not good for another.LPS
shouldbe usedwith a ballastdesignedfor efficient LPS use,for example.The ratio of lamp wattageto circuit
wattageis not a constant,evenfor the sametype of lamp. Seethe table for exmnples.
9. All theseentrieshavebeentakenfrom either lamp manufacturers'catalogsor actualoperatingexperiencein
different communities.The figures given in the table are sort of an averageof all that, andas suchshouldbe
typical of what is being usedin any specificlocation.
10. Lumens/wattis a measureof operatingefficiency: total amountof light from the lamp per power used.
11. AnnualK~ useis alsoa measure
of operatingefficiency,asit tellshowmuchenergyis usedeachyear. I
Information~Sheet-4c~(September1996)', - - ~ ~- - ~"-- ~ -P-age 3 of3-
light th~ o_lJ~ne~ds(more

Naturally, don't use IP.p:t:.e light is not alwaysbetter!)asthatusesmo!~~!lergy .
12. Typical wattag~s_for major highwaysor streetswould be 180or 135or 90 watt LPS, or 400~or250 or 150watt
HPS,or 1000or 400 or 250 watt Mercury Vapor. Typical valuesfor residentialstreetsmight be 90 or 55 watt
LPS, or 150or 100or 70 watt HPS,or 175watt mercuryvapor.Typical homesecuritylighting might be 35 or
- ~ ..
18watt tPs, 70 or 50 or 35 watt BPS; pleasedon't usemercuryvapor,as it is not very efficient. Always use
fuJI,.cuto~fi~esforall applicationsl,.-,c- - ~~ -
13. Annual operatmgcosfis anothermeasureof operatingefficiency, of course.I t~tells"howmuch onemustpay for
energyusagein order to operateone given fixture for oneyear. In somecases,the cost of the fixture is less
thanthe annualoperatingcost! Paybacktimeswhenreplacinginefficient fixtures with energyefficient fixtures
canbe very short.Quite often, aone-step-lower-wattage bulb (andballast)canbe used,resultingin lower
operatingcosts.
14. Of course,thereareother costsfor any given installation.Maintenance,lamp replacement,replacements dueto
accidentsand breakages,depreciation,whatever.Generallytheseare "a wash" as all systemshavesimilar
costs.
15. As you look at the table, be sureto notice the bulb wattagesthat give similar light output for differenttypesof
lamps.For example,35 watt LPS, 70 watt HPS, 100watt Metal Halide, or 175watt Mercury Vapor give
similar meanlumen outputs.Suchcomparisonscanoffer guidanceasto the tremendoussavingsthat canbe
obtainedwith more efficient light sources.Keep in mind, though,that an inefficient sourceusedinfrequently
useslessenergythan a highly efficient sourcethat burnsfrom duskto dawn, 365 nights a year. Thus,an
incandescentlight that is activatedby an outdooroccupancysensorwill usually havea lower operatingcost
than a dusk-todawn HPS security light, for example.
Thereare otheroverall considerationsaswell. For example,not all fixtures are equally efficient at getting the light
producedby the lamp out of the fixture and onto the areaneedingthe light. On~shou;ldalwaysuseefficient fi~es
aswell asefficient lamps.Many old fixtures arenot efficient, asthey weredesigned~ata time whenenergywas
cheapand efficiency was low on the priority list. For example,"globes"throw more than half their light output
upwards.Today,thereis no excuseto useany suchinefficient fixtures. Pleasehelp stampthem out. Useefficient
full-cutoff fixtures for all applications.Install asrecommended,of course,to insurethat the light outputis used,not
wastedproducingglare and uplight.
@ IDA Inc., 3225 N. First Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719-2103 USA

Telephone: 1-520-293-3198 Fax: 520-293-3192 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.darksk¥.org
Lighting for Conservation of
Protected Coastal Species
To prevent adverse impacts to nesting and hatchling sea turtles,
nocturnal movements of beach mice, and disturbance resting
shorebirds, the minimal amount of exterior lighting for human
safety and security shall be installed.
1. Lights shall not be placed within the developed footprint such that the light is visible
outside the developed area.
2. Lights on dune walkovers or boardwalks shall not be located seaward of the landward toe
of the dune (or its equivalent).
3. The light source or any reflective surface of a light fixture shall not be visible from any
point beyond the developed footprint. There should be no illumination of any area
outside the developed footprint, either through direct illumination, reflective illumination,
or cumulative illumination.
4. Exterior wall light fixtures shall be either low pressure sodium lamps or low wattage (i.e.,
480 lumens or less) "bug" type bulbs florescent bulbs. The light fixtures should be
completely shielded without interior reflective surfaces and directed downward. Lights
may also be louvered and/or recessed, with black baffles or without interior reflective
surfaces as appropriate.
5. Light fixtures shall be mounted as low as feasible to provide light where it is needed (i.e.
patios, balconies, pedestrian paths). This can be accomplished through the use of low
bollards, ground level fixtures, or low wall mounts.
6. Lights for purely decorative or accent purposes shall not be visible outside of the
developed footprint and shall be limited in number and intensity. Up-lights shall not be
used.
7. Roadway lighting shall use shielded low pressure sodium (LPS) lamps. The height and
number of fixtures should be kept to a minimum and should be positioned and mounted
in a manner such that the point source of light or any reflective surface of the fixture is
not visible on the development outside of the developed footprint.
8. Lighting in parking areas shall use shielded low pressure sodium (LPS) lamps, have a
height of 20 feet or less and shall not be visible from any point outside the developed
footprint. The lighting shall be positioned and shielded such that the point source of light
or any reflective surface of the light fixture is not visible outside of the developed area.
The light emanating from such fixtures may not directly or indirectly illuminate the area
outside of the developed footprint.
9. Car and other vehicle parking areas shall be designed or positioned such that vehicular
headlights do not cast light outside the developed footprint. Native dune vegetation,
and/or other ground-level barriers may be used to meet this objective.
Project Lighting Restrictions for Conservation of Protected Species (Page 2)
10. Minimal temporary lighting during construction should only be used for security and
safety. The lights should be completely shielded and low-mounted. Low pressure
sodium lights or low wattage yellow "bug" type bulbs (480 lumens or less) shall be used.
The lights should not directly or indirectly illuminate any area outside the construction
site.
11. Light fixtures using natural gas as the light source shall not be used for fixtures unless
they are fully shielded and the lighting is not visible outside the developed footprint.
12. Tinted glass or window film that meets a transmittance value of 45% or less (inside to
outside transmittance) shall be used on all windows and glass doors throughout the
development.
13. All ceiling-mounted light fixtures in the interior of the condominium units that could be
visible from the outside shall minimize the amount of exposed light bulbs.
References:
Bird, B. L. 2004. Effects of coastal lighting on foraging behavior of beach mice. Conservation Biology
18: 1435-1439.
Bird, B. L. 2002. Effects of predatory risk, vegetation structure, and artificial lighting on
the foraging behavior of beach mice. Masters thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville.
Bowers, M.A and H.D. Smith. 1979. Differential habitat utilization by sexes of the deer mouse,
Peromyscus maniculatus. Ecology, Vol. 60 (5). pp 869-875.
Brillhart, D.B. and D. W. Kauman. 1991. Influence of illumination and surface structure on space use by
prairie deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii). Journal of Mammalogy 72(4):764-768.
Clarke, J.A. 1983. Moonlight’s influence on predator/prey interactions between short-eared owls (Asio
flammues) and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
13:205-209.
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Chapter 62B-34, General Permit for Activities Seaward
of the Coastal Construction Control Line, Chapter 62B-55 Model Lighting Ordinance for Marine
Turtle Protection.
Witherington, B.E. and R.E. Martin. 1996. Understanding, assessing, and resolving light-pollution
problems on sea turtle nesting beaches. Florida Marine Research Institute Tech. Rep. TR-2. 73
pp.

1601 Balboa Ave
Panama City, Florida 32444
850-769-0552
http://www.fws.gov/panamacity/
http://www.gel.outdoorltg.com/gel_home_031.htm
424
SECTION 424 1998; Federation Internationale de Natation

SWIMMING POOLS AND BATHING PLACES Amateur (FINA), 1998-2000 Handbook; 1998-
1999 Official Rules of Diving & Code of
424.1 Public Swimming Pools and Bathing Places. Public Regulation of United States Diving Inc.; 1998
swimming pools and bathing places shall comply with the United States Swimming Rules and Regulation,
following design and construction standards as described in and National Federation of State High School
Chapter 64E-9 Florida Administrative Code. Associations, 1997-1998, which are incorporated
by reference in these rules.
Exceptions:
A. Private pools and water therapy facilities connected (b) Where adequate standards do not exist and these
with facilities connected with hospitals, medical doc- rules do not provide sufficient guidance for con-
tors' offices, and licensed physical therapy establish- sideration of innovations in design, construction,
ments shall be exempt from supervision under this and operation of proposed swimming pools or
chapter. water recreation attractions, the department will
establish requirements necessary to protect the
B. (a) Pools serving no more than 32 condominium or health and safety of the pool patrons.
cooperative units which are not operated as a public
lodging establishment shall be exempt from supervi- (3) All pools which do not meet the definition of private
sion under this chapter, except for water quality. pools are public pools.
(b) Pools serving condominium or cooperative associa- (4) The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 may
tions of more than 32 units and whose recorded docu- relate to public pools and should be reviewed by the
ments prohibit the rental or sublease of the units for design engineer and the pool owner.
periods of less than 60 days are exempt from supervi-
sion under this chapter except that the condominium or 64E-9.013(3)
cooperative owner or association must file applications (j) Sanitary facilities shall be provided and shall be as near
with the department and obtain construction plans to the bathing area as prudent to ensure patron use.
approval and receive an initial operating permit. The 1. Women’s restrooms shall have a fixture set
department shall inspect the swimming pools at such including a water closet and a lavatory.
places annually, at the fee set forth in s. 514.033(3), or 2. Men’s restrooms shall have a fixture set includ-
upon request by a unit owner, to determine compliance ing a urinal, a water closet and a lavatory.
with department rules relating to water quality and life- 3. Additional restroom fixtures shall be provided
saving equipment. The department may not require based on stated usage. A second water closet, uri-
compliance with rules relating to swimming pool life- nal and lavatory shall be provided in the men’s
guard standards. restroom if the stated usage exceeds 50 patrons,
but is less than 150 patrons. Another urinal, water
C. A private pool used for instructional purposes in swim- closet and lavatory shall be provided for each
ming shall not be regulated as a public pool. additional 100 patrons. The number of water
closets in the women’s restroom shall be based
D. Any pool serving a residential child care agency regis- on a three to two ratio with three water closets
tered and exempt from licensure pursuant to s. 409.176 being provided in the women’s restroom for
shall be exempt from supervision or regulation under every two fixtures in the men’s restroom. For this
this chapter related to construction standards if the pool purpose of establishing the men’s restroom fix-
is used exclusively by the facility’s residents and if ture count, both water closets and urinals shall be
admission may not be gained by the public. included. The number of lavatories in the
women’s restroom shall match the number in the
E. The department may grant variances from any rule men’s restroom.
adopted under this chapter pursuant to procedures 4. Restroom floors shall be impervious, slip resist-
adopted by department rule. ant and slope to floor drains.
64E-9.001—General. 64E-9.004(1)
(2) This chapter prescribes minimum design, construction, (a) Cross-connection prevention—An atmospheric break
and operation requirements. or approved back flow prevention device shall be pro-
(a) The department will accept dimensional stan- vided in each pool water supply line that is connected
dards for competition type pools as published by to a public water supply. Vacuum breakers shall be
the National Collegiate Athletic Association, installed on all hose bibbs.
4.130 FLORIDA BUILDING CODE — BUILDING

424
lon per minute at non-transient facilities. All other

64E-9.006 — Construction Standards. types of projects shall be sized according to the
(1) Pool Structure — Pools shall be constructed of con- anticipated bathing load and proposed uses. For the
crete or other impervious and structurally rigid materi- purpose of determining minimum pool size only,
al. All pools shall be watertight, free from structural the pool turnover period used cannot be less than 3
cracks and shall have a nontoxic smooth and slip resist- hours.
ant finish. (c) Dimensions
1. Walls and corners—All pool walls shall
(a) Floors and walls shall be white or light pastel in have a clearance of 15 feet perpendicular
color and shall have the characteristic of reflect- to the wall. Offset steps and spa coves are
ing rather than absorbing light. A minimum 4- exempt from this clearance requirement.
inch tile line shall be installed at the water line, The upper part of pool walls in areas 5 feet
but shall not exceed 12 inches in height if a dark deep or less shall be within 5 degrees of
color is used. Gutter type pools may substitute 2- vertical for a minimum depth of 21/2 feet
inch tile along the pool wall edge of the gutter from which point the wall may join the
lip. floor with a maximum radius equal to the
1. Any design or logo on the pool floor or difference between the pool depth and 21/2
walls shall be such that it will not hinder feet. The upper part of pool walls in areas
the detection of a human in distress, algae, over 5 feet deep shall be within 5 degrees
sediment, or other objects in the pool and of vertical for a minimum depth equal to
written approval must be obtained from the the pool water depth minus 21/2) feet from
department prior to installation. which point the wall may join the floor
with a maximum radius of 21/2 feet.
2. Pools that are not intended to be utilized for Corners shall be a minimum 90 degree
officially sanctioned competition may angle. The corner intersections of walls
install lap lane markings provided they meet which protrude or angle into the pool water
the following criteria: The markings must area shall be rounded with a minimum
be four inches wide, they must terminate radius of 2 inches.
five feet from the end wall in a “T” with the 2. Pool Floor Slope and Slope Transition—
“T” bar at least 18 inches long, they must be The radius of curvature between the floor
placed at 7 foot intervals on center and be no and walls is excluded from these require-
closer than 4 feet from any side wall, steps ments. Multiple floor levels in pools are
or other obstructions. Up to 4 inch wide 18 prohibited.
inch x 18 inch target (+) may be installed on a. Floor slope shall be uniform. The
the pool wall. Tile used in less than 5 feet of floor slope shall be a maximum 1
water must be slip resistant except for bull- foot vertical in 10 feet horizontal and
nose tile when utilized as step, bench or a minimum of 1 foot vertical in 40
swimout markings. Floating rope lines asso- feet horizontal in areas 5 feet deep or
ciated with lap lanes must not obstruct the less. The floor slope shall be a maxi-
entrance or exit from the pool and are pro- mum 1 foot vertical in 3 feet hori-
hibited when the pool is open for general zontal in areas more than 5 feet deep.
use. b. Any transition in floor slope shall
occur at a minimum of 5 feet of
(b) Sizing—The bathing load for conventional swim- water depth. A slope transition must
ming pools and special purpose pools shall be com- have a 2-inch-wide dark contrasting
puted on the basis of one person per 5 gpm of recir- marking across the bottom and must
culation flow. The bathing load for wading pools extend up both sides of the pool at
and interactive water features shall be established the transition point. A slope transi-
by averaging one person per 10 square feet of pool tion must have a safety line mounted
area and one person per 5 gallons per minute of fil- by use of cup anchors, 2 feet before
ter rate. The bathing load for spa type pools shall be the contrasting marking, toward the
based on one person per each 10 square feet of sur- shallow end. The safety line shall
face area. The filtration system shall be capable of have visible floats at maximum 7
meeting all other requirements of these rules while foot intervals.
providing a flowrate of at least 1 gallon per minute
for each living unit at transient facilities and 3/4 gal- 3. Depths and Markings—The minimum
FLORIDA BUILDING CODE — BUILDING 4.131

424
water depth shall be 3 feet in shallow areas DIVING” symbol may be substituted
and 4 feet in deep areas. for the “NO DIVING” markings.
a. Permanent depth markings followed e. All depth markings shall be tile,
by the appropriate full or abbreviated except that pools constructed of
words “FEET” or “INCHES” shall be fiberglass, thermoplastic or stainless
installed in minimum four inch high steel may substitute other type mark-
numbers and letters on a contrasting ings when it can be shown that said
background. Depth markers shall markings are permanent and will not
indicate the actual pool depth, within fade over time. This exemption does
three inches, at normal operating not extend to concrete pools that are
water level when measured three feet coated with fiberglass. All depth and
from the pool wall. Symmetrical pool “NO DIVING” markings installed
designs with the deep point at the cen- on horizontal surfaces must have a
ter may be allowed provided a dual slip resistant finish.
marking system is used which indi- (d) Access—All pools shall have a means of access
cates the depth at the wall and at the every 75 feet of pool perimeter with a minimum
deep point. of two, located so as to serve both ends of the
b. The markings shall be located on pool. When the deep portion of the pool is over
both sides of the pool at the shallow 30 feet wide both sides of this area shall have a
end, slope break, deep end wall and means of access. Access shall consist of ladders,
deep point (if located more than five stairs, recessed treads or swimouts and may be
feet from the deep end wall) with a used in combination. All treads shall have a slip
maximum perimeter distance resistant surface.
between depth markings of 25 feet 1. Ladders—Ladders shall be of the cross-
and shall be legible from inside the braced type and shall be constructed of cor-
pool and also from the pool deck. rosion resistant materials and be securely
When a curb is provided, the depth anchored into the pool deck. Clearance
markings shall be installed on the between the ladder and pool wall shall be
inside and outside or top of the pool between three to six inches. Ladders shall
curb. When a pool curb is not pro- extend at least 28 inches above the pool deck.
vided, the depth markings shall be 2. Recessed Treads—Recessed treads shall be
located on the inside vertical wall at installed flush with the wall and shall be a
or above the water level and on the minimum five inches wide, 10 inches long,
edge of the deck within two feet of with a maximum vertical distance of 12
the pool water. When open type gut- inches between treads.
ter designs are utilized, depth mark- 3. Stairs—Stairs shall have a minimum tread
ers shall be located on the back of the width of 10 inches for a minimum tread
gutter wall. length of 24 inches and a maximum riser
c. When deck level perimeter overflow height of 10 inches. Treads and risers
systems are utilized, additional depth between the top and bottom treads shall be
markers shall be placed on adjacent uniform in width and height. The front
fencing or walls and the size shall be three- fourths to two inches of the tread
increased so they are recognizable and the top two inches of the riser shall be
from inside the swimming pool. tile, dark in color, contrasting with the inte-
Depth markers on the pool deck shall
rior of the pool. Tile shall be slip resistant,
be within three feet of the water.
except when three-fourths inch by 2 inch
d. Those areas of the pool that are not
bullnose tile is used and the 3/4 inch seg-
part of an approved diving bowl shall
ment is placed on the tread and the two
have dark contrasting, permanent,
inch segment is on the riser. All markings
four inch high “NO DIVING” mark-
shall be tile, except that pools constructed
ings installed on the top of the pool
curb or deck within two feet of the of fiberglass, thermoplastic or stainless
pool water on each side of the pool steel may substitute other type markings
with a maximum distance of 25 feet when it can be shown that said markings
between markings. A 6-inch tile with a are permanent and will not fade over time.
4-inch or larger red, international “NO This exception does not extend to concrete
pools that are coated with fiberglass.

424
4. Swimouts—Swimouts shall extend 18 to in areas less than 5 feet deep. Bench seats
24 inches back from the pool wall, shall be must be 14 to 18 inches wide and must
4 to 5 feet wide, shall be a maximum of 12 have a dark contrasting marking on the seat
inches below the deck, unless stairs are edge extending 2 inches on the horizontal
provided in the swimout, and shall be and vertical surface. If tile is used it must
located only in areas of the pool greater be slip resistant, except that bullnose tile
than 5 feet deep. Pools that do not utilize a may be substituted and installed in accor-
continuous perimeter overflow system dance with section 64E-9.006(1)(d)3.
must provide a wall return inlet in the (f) The vertical clearance above the pool deck shall
swimout for circulation. A permanent dark be at least 7 feet.
contrasting colored band of tile shall be (g) Diving Areas—Diving facilities shall meet the
installed at the intersection of the pool wall minimum requirements of the FINA dimensions
and the swimout and must extend 2 inches for diving facilities in accordance with the 1998-
on the horizontal and vertical surfaces. Tile 2000 FINA Handbook.
must be slip resistant, except that bullnose 1. Diving boards or platforms with heights of
tile may be substituted and installed in less than the established standard shall
accordance with section 64E-9.006(1)(d)3. meet the dimensional requirements of the
above. next greater height.
5. Handrails and Grabrails—Handrails shall 2. Diving boards, platforms and ladders shall
be provided for all stairs, shall be anchored have a nonabsorbent, slip resistant finish
in the bottom step and the deck. Where and be of sufficient strength to safely carry
“figure 4” deck mounted type handrails are the anticipated loads. Diving equipment
used, they shall be anchored in the deck one meter and greater shall have guard
and extend laterally to any point vertically rails which are at least 36 inches above the
above the bottom step. A grabrail shall be diving board and extend to the edge of the
provided for all swimouts and shall not pool wall. All diving boards over 21 inch-
protrude more than 6 inches over the water es from the deck shall be provided with a
surface. Grabrails must be mounted in the ladder. Diving boards or platforms shall
pool deck at each side of recessed steps. not be installed on curved walls where the
Handrails and grabrails shall extend at wall enters into the defined rectangular
least 28 inches above the step edge and diving area specified in this section.
deck. Adjacent platform and diving boards shall
6. Permanent or portable steps, ramps, be parallel.
handrails, lifts, or other devices designed 3. The location of pool ladders shall be such
to accommodate handicapped individuals that the distance from the ladder to any
in swimming pools may be provided. Lifts point on a diving board or platform center-
mounted into the pool deck shall have a line is not less than the plummet to side
minimum 4-foot-wide deck behind the lift wall dimension (b) indicated in the FINA
mount. standards. Trampoline type diving facili-
ties are prohibited.
(e) The pool water area shall be unobstructed by any 4. Diving targets may be installed in accor-
type structure unless justified by engineering dance with FINA standards.
design as a part of the recirculation system.
Engineering design and material specifications (2) Pool Appurtenances
shall show that such structures will not endanger (a) Decks and Walkways—Wooden decks and walk-
the pool patron, can be maintained in a sanitary ways are prohibited.
condition and will not create a problem for sani- 1. Pool wet decks shall have a minimum
tary maintenance of any part of the pool, pool unobstructed width of 4 feet around the
water, or pool facilities. Structures in accord with perimeter of the pool, pool curb, ladders,
the above shall not be located in a diving bowl handrails, diving boards, diving towers,
area or within 15 feet of any pool wall. and slides, shall be constructed of concrete
1. Stairs, ladders and ramps, necessary for or other nonabsorbent material having a
entrance/exit from the pool are not consid- smooth slip resistant finish and shall be
ered obstructions. uniformly sloped at a minimum of 2 per-
2. Underwater seat benches may be installed cent to a maximum of 4 percent away from

424
the pool or to deck drains to prevent stand- 2. Indoor pool lighting—Overhead lighting
ing water. When a curb is provided, the shall provide a minimum of 10 foot can-
deck shall not be more than 10 inches dles of illumination at the pool water sur-
below the top of the curb. Wet deck area face and the pool deck surface. Underwater
finishes shall be designed for such use and lighting shall be a minimum of 8/10 watt per
shall be installed in accordance with the square foot of pool surface area.
manufacturer’s specifications. Traffic bar- 3. Underwater lighting—Underwater lighting
riers shall be provided as needed so that shall utilize transformers and low voltage
parked vehicles do not extend over the circuits with each underwater light being
deck area. Walkways shall be provided grounded. The maximum voltage for each
between the pool and the sanitary facilities, light shall be 15 volts and the maximum
and shall be constructed of concrete or incandescent lamp size shall be 300 watts.
other nonabsorbent material having a The location of the underwater lights shall
smooth slip resistant finish for the first 15 be such that the underwater illumination is
feet of the walkway measured from the as uniform as possible and shall not be less
nearest pool water’s edge. A hose bibb with than 18 inches below the normal operating
a vacuum breaker shall be provided to water level. All underwater lights which
allow the deck to be washed down with depend upon submersion for safe operation
potable water. shall have protection from overheating
2. Ten percent of the deck along the pool when not submerged. Underwater lighting
perimeter may be obstructed. Obstructions requirements can be waived when the
shall have a wet deck area behind or overhead lighting provides at least 15 foot-
through them, with the near edge of the candles of illumination at the pool water
walk within 15 feet of the water. These surface and pool deck surface. Alternative
obstructions must be protected by a barrier lighting systems which do not utilize elec-
or must be designed to discourage patron tricity in the pool or on the pool deck, such
access. When an obstruction exists in mul- as fiber optic systems, may be utilized if
tiple areas around the pool the minimum the applicant demonstrates to reasonable
distance between obstructions shall be 4 certainty that the system development has
feet. advanced to the point where the depart-
3. Food or drink service facilities shall not be ment is convinced that the pool illumina-
located within 12 feet of the water’s edge. tion is equal to the requirements in sub-
paragraph 1. and 2. above.
(b) Bridges and overhead obstructions over the pool
shall be designed so they will not introduce any 4. Overhead wiring—Overhead service wiring
contamination to the pool water. The minimum shall not pass within an area extending a dis-
height of the bridge or obstruction shall be at tance of 10 feet horizontally away from the
least 8 feet from the bottom of the pool and at inside edge of the pool walls, diving structures,
least four feet above the surface of the pool. observation stands, towers, or platforms.
Minimum 42-inch-high handrails shall be pro-
vided along each side of the bridge. The walking (d) Electrical Equipment and Wiring—
surfaces shall be constructed of concrete or other 1. Electrical equipment wiring and installa-
nonabsorbent material having a smooth slip tion including the grounding of pool com-
resistant finish. ponents shall conform with the National
(c) Lighting—Artificial lighting shall be provided at Electrical Code®, 1996 Edition, which is
all swimming pools which are to be used at night incorporated by reference in these rules
or which do not have adequate natural lighting so and shall comply with applicable local
that all portions of the pool, including the bot- codes. Written evidence shall be provided
tom, may be readily seen without glare. from the electrical contractor or the electri-
1. Outdoor pool lighting—Overhead lighting cal inspector of compliance with the
shall provide a minimum of 3 foot candles National Electrical Code®.
of illumination at the pool water surface (e) Equipment Area or Rooms—Equipment desig-
and the pool deck surface. Underwater nated by the manufacturer for outdoor use may
lighting shall be a minimum of 1/2 watt per be located in an equipment area, all other equip-
square foot of pool water surface area. ment must be located in an equipment room.

424
Plastic pipe subject to a period of prolonged sun- 2501 — 5000 sq ft 2 1 1

light exposure must be coated to protect it from 5001 — 7500 sq ft 2 2 2
ultraviolet-light degradation. An equipment area 7501 — 10,000 sq ft 3 3 3
shall be 4-sided fencing provided it is at least 4
feet high with a self-closing and self- latching Women’s Restroom
gate with a permanent locking device. An equip- Size of Pool Urinals WC Lavatory
ment room shall be protected on at least 3 sides
and overhead. The fourth side may be a gate, 0 — 2500 sq ft 0 1 1
fence, or open if otherwise protected from unau- 2501 — 5000 sq ft 0 5 1
thorized entrance. The equipment area or room 5001 — 7500 sq ft 0 6 2
floor shall be of concrete or other nonabsorbent 7501 — 10,000 sq ft 0 9 3
material having a smooth slip resistant finish and
shall have positive drainage, including a sump An additional set of fixtures shall be provided in the men’s
pump if necessary. restroom for every 5,000 square feet or major fraction there-
1. Ventilation and Access—Equipment rooms of for pools greater than 10,000 square feet. Women’s rest-
shall have either forced draft or cross ven- rooms must have a ratio of 3 to 2 water closets provided for
tilation. All below grade equipment rooms women to the combined total of water closets and urinals
shall have a stairway access with forced provided for men.
draft ventilation or a fully louvered door 2. Outside access to facilities shall be provid-
and louvered vent on at least one other ed for bathers at outdoor pools and if they
side. The opening to equipment room or are not visible from any portion of the pool
area shall be a minimum 3 feet by 6 feet deck, signs shall be posted showing direc-
and shall provide easy access to the equip- tions to the facilities. These directions shall
ment. A hose bibb with vacuum breaker shall be legible from any portion of the pool
be located in the equipment room or area. deck and the letters shall be a minimum of
2. Size and Lighting—The size of the equip- 1 inch high.
ment room or area shall provide working 3. Sanitary facility floors shall be constructed
space to perform routine operations. of concrete or other nonabsorbent materi-
Clearance shall be provided for all equip- als and shall have a smooth slip resistant
ment as prescribed by the manufacturer to finish and shall slope to floor drains.
allow normal maintenance operation and Carpets, duckboards and footbaths are pro-
removal without disturbing other piping or hibited. The intersection between the floor
equipment. Equipment rooms or areas and walls must be covered.
shall not be used for storage of chemicals 4. Poolside sanitary facilities are not required
emitting corrosive fumes or for storage of if all living units are within a 200 foot
other items to the extent that entrance to radius of the nearest water’s edge, are not
the room for inspection or operation of the over 3 stories in height and are each
equipment is impaired. In rooms with fixed equipped with private sanitary facilities.
ceilings, the minimum height shall be 7 5. A hose bibb with vacuum breaker shall be
feet. Equipment rooms or areas shall be provided near each restroom to allow for
lighted to provide 30 footcandles of illumi- ease of cleaning.
nation at floor level.
(g) Rinse shower—A minimum of one rinse shower
(f) Sanitary Facilities—Separate sanitary facilities shall be provided on the pool deck of all outdoor
shall be provided and labeled for each sex and pools within 20 feet of the nearest pool water’s
must be located within a 200 foot radius of the edge.
nearest water’s edge of each pool served by the
facilities.
1. Fixtures shall be provided as indicated on
the following chart:
Men’s Restroom
Size of Pool Urinals WC Lavatory
0 — 2500 sq ft 1 1 1

424
and 12 inches wide. The back vertical wall

64E-9.007—Recirculation and Treatment System of the gutter shall be tiled with glazed tile.
Requirements. The gutter shall slope 2 inches, ± 1/4 inch,
(1) Recirculation and treatment equipment such as filters, from the lip to the drains. The gutter drains
recessed automatic surface skimmers, ionizers, ozone shall be located at the deepest part of the
generators, disinfection feeders and chlorine generators gutter.
must be tested and approved using the ANSI/NSF 2. All gutter systems shall discharge into a
International Standard 50-1996, Circulation System collector tank.
Components and Related Materials for Swimming Pool,
Spas/Hot Tubs, dated October 28, 1996, which is incor-
porated by reference in these rules. If standards do not 3. The department shall waive the require-
exist for a specific product, the manufacturer must work ments of tile on stainless steel gutter sys-
with NSF or other American National Standards Institute tems when it can be shown that the sur-
(ANSI) approved agency to develop such standards. faces at the waterline and back of the gut-
ter are easily cleanable.
(2) The recirculation system shall be designed to provide a
minimum of four turnovers of the pool volume per day. (b) Recessed Automatic Surface Skimmers—
Pools that are less than 1000 square feet at health clubs Recessed automatic surface skimmers may be
shall be required to provide eight turnovers per day. utilized when the pool water surface area is 1,000
square feet or less excluding offset stairs and
(3) The design pattern of recirculation flow shall be 100 swimouts and the width of the pool is not over 20
percent through the main drain piping and100 percent feet.
through the perimeter overflow system or 60 percent 1. The recessed automatic surface skimmer
through the skimmer system. piping system shall be designed to carry 60
(a) Perimeter overflow gutters—The lip of the gutter percent of the pool total design flow rate
shall be uniformly level with a maximum tolerance with each skimmer carrying a minimum 30
of 1/4 inch between the high and low areas. The bot- gallons per minute. One skimmer for every
tom of the gutter shall be level or slope to the drains. 400 square feet or fraction thereof of pool
The spacing between drains shall not exceed 10 feet water surface area shall be provided.
for 2-inch drains or 15 feet for 21/2-inch drains, 2. Prevailing wind direction and the pool out-
unless hydraulically justified by the design engineer. line shall be considered in the selection of
The gutter lip shall be tiled with a minimum of 2 skimmer locations and the location of skim-
inch tile on the pool wall, except that stainless steel mers shall be such that the interference of
gutters are exempt from this requirement. adjacent inlets and skimmers is minimized.
1. Either recessed type or open type gutters Recessed automatic surface skimmers shall
shall be used. Special designs can be be installed so that there is no protrusion into
approved provided they are within limits of the pool water area. The deck or curb shall
sound engineering practice. Recessed type provide for a handhold around the entire
gutters shall be at least 4 inches deep and 4 pool perimeter and shall not be located more
inches wide, and no part of the recessed than 9 inches above the mid point of the
gutter shall be visible from a position opening of the skimmer.
directly above the gutter sighting vertically 3. Recessed automatic surface skimmers shall
down the edge of the deck or curb. Open be installed with an equalizer valve and an
type gutters shall be at least 6 inches deep equalizer line when the skimmer piping
system is connected directly to pump suc-

424
tion. The equalizer valve shall be a spring or portions which may bridge. Filter elements
loaded vertical check valve which will not shall have a minimum 1 inch clear spacing
allow direct suction on the equalizer line. between elements up to a 4 square foot effective
The equalizer line inlet shall be installed at area. The spacing between filter elements shall
least 1 foot below the normal pool water increase 1/8 inch for each additional square foot
level and the equalizer line inlet shall be of filter area or fraction thereof above an effec-
protected by a grate. The equalizer line
tive filter area of 4 square feet. All cartridges
shall be sized to handle the expected flow
with a 2 inch minimum line size. used in public pool filters shall be permanently
4. A wall inlet fitting shall be provided direct- marked with the manufacturer’s name, pore size
ly across from each skimmer. and area in square feet of filter material. All car-
5. A minimum 6 inch water line tile shall be tridges with end caps shall have the permanent
provided on all pools with automatic skim- markings on one end cap. Vacuum filter tanks
mer systems. Glazed tile shall be utilized. shall have covered intersections between the wall
and the floor and the tank floor shall slope to the
(4) Pumps—If the pump or suction piping is located above the filter tank drain. The filter tank and elements
water level of the pool, the pump shall be self-priming. shall be installed such that the recirculation flow
Pumps that take suction prior to filtration shall be equipped draw down does not expose the elements to the
with a hair and lint strainer. The recirculation pump shall atmosphere whenever only the main drain valve
be selected to provide the required recirculation flow is open or only the surface overflow gutter sys-
against a minimum total dynamic head of 60 feet tem valve is open.
unless hydraulically justified by the design engineer.
Vacuum D.E. filter systems pumps shall provide at (6) Piping—All plastic pipe used in the recirculation sys-
least 50 feet of total dynamic head. Should the total tem shall be imprinted with the manufacturer’s name
dynamic head required not be appropriate for a given and the NSF-pw logo for potable water applications.
project, the design engineer shall provide an alterna- Size, schedule, and type of pipe shall be included on
tive. the drawings.
(5) Filters—Filters sized to handle the required recircula- (7) Valves—Return lines, main drain lines, and surface
tion flow shall be provided. overflow system lines, shall each have proportioning
(a) Filter capacities—The maximum filtration rate in valves.
gallons per minute per square foot of filter area
shall be: 15 (20 if so approved using the proce- (8) Flow Velocity—Pressure piping shall not exceed 8 feet
dure stated in 64E-9.007(1)) for high rate sand per second, except that precoat lines with higher veloc-
filters, 3 for rapid sand filters, 0.075 for pleated ities may be used when necessary for agitation purpos-
cartridge filters and 2 for D.E. filters. es. The flow velocity in suction piping shall not exceed
6 feet per second except that flow velocities up to 10
(b) Filter Appurtenances. feet per second in filter assembly headers will be
1. Pressure filter systems shall be equipped acceptable. Main drain systems and surface overflow
with an air relief valve, influent and efflu- systems which discharge to collector tanks shall be
ent pressure gauges with minimum face sized with a maximum flow velocity of 3 feet per sec-
size of 2 inches reading 0-60 psi, and a ond. The filter and vacuuming system shall have the
sight glass when a backwash line is necessary valves and piping to allow filtering to pool,
required. vacuuming to waste, vacuuming to filter, complete
2. Vacuum filter systems shall be equipped drainage of the filter tank, backwashing for sand and
with a vacuum gauge which has a 2 inch pressure D.E. filters and precoat recirculation for D.E.
face and reads from 0-30 inches of mer- filters.
cury.
3. Precoat—A precoat pot or collector tank (9) Inlets—All inlets shall be adjustable with wall type
shall be provided for D.E. systems. inlets being directionally adjustable and floor type
inlets having a means of flow adjustment.
(c) Filter tanks and elements—The filter area shall (a) Pools 30 feet in width or less, with wall inlets
be determined on the basis of effective filtering only shall have enough inlets such that the inlet
surfaces with no allowance given for areas of spacing does not exceed 20 feet based on the
impaired filtration, such as broad supports, folds, pool water perimeter.

424
shall be at least 1 minute of the recirculated flow

(b) Pools 30 feet in width or less with floor inlets unless justified by the design engineer. Vacuum
only shall have a number of inlets provided such filter tanks are considered collector tanks.
that the spacing between adjacent inlets does not
exceed 20 feet and the spacing between inlets (11) An automatic and manual water makeup control must
and adjacent walls does not exceed 10 feet. be provided to maintain the water level at the lip of the
overflow gutter or at the mouth of the recessed auto-
(c) A combination of wall and floor inlets may be matic surface skimmers and must discharge through
used in pools 30 feet in width or less only if an air gap into a fill pipe or collector tank. Over the
requirements of (a) or (b) are fully met. rim fill spouts are prohibited.
(d) Pools greater than 30 feet in width with floor (12) Cleaning system—A portable or plumbed in vacuum
inlets only shall have a number of floor inlets cleaning system shall be provided. All vacuum pumps
provided such that the spacing between adjacent shall be equipped with hair and lint strainers. When
inlets does not exceed 20 feet and the spacing the system is plumbed in, the vacuum fittings shall be
between inlets and an adjacent wall does not located to allow cleaning the pool with a 50 foot max-
exceed 10 feet. imum length of hose. Vacuum fittings shall be mount-
ed approximately 12 inches below the water level,
(e) Pools greater than 30 feet in width may have a flush with the pool walls, and shall be provided with a
combination of wall and floor inlets provided the spring loaded safety cover or flush plug cover which
number of wall inlets is such that the maximum shall be in place at all times when the pool is not being
spacing between wall inlets is 20 feet and floor vacuumed. Bag type cleaners which operate as ejec-
inlets are provided for the pool water area tors on potable water supply pressure must be protect-
beyond a 15 feet perpendicular distance from all ed by a vacuum breaker. Cleaning devices shall not be
walls. The number of floor inlets shall be such used while the pool is open to bathers.
that the spacing between adjacent inlets does not (13) Rate of flow indicators—A rate of flow indicator,
exceed 20 feet and the distance from a floor inlet
reading in gpm, shall be installed on the return line.
and an adjacent wall does not exceed 25 feet.
Floor inlets shall be designed and installed such The rate of flow indicator shall be properly sized for
that they do not protrude more than 5/8 inch above the design flow rate and shall be capable of measuring
the pool floor and all inlets shall be designed and from 1/2 to at least 11/2 times the design flow rate. The
installed so as not to constitute sharp edges or pro- clearances upstream and downstream from the rate of
trusions hazardous to pool bathers. flow indicator shall comply with manufacturer’s
installation specifications.
(f) The flow rate through each inlet shall not exceed
15 gpm. (14) Heaters—Pool heaters shall comply with nationally
recognized standards acceptable to the department and
(10) Main Drain Outlets—All pools shall be provided with to the design engineer. Pools equipped with heaters
an outlet at the deepest point. shall have a fixed thermometer mounted in the pool
(a) The depth at the outlet must not deviate more recirculation line downstream from the heater outlet.
than 3 inches from the side wall. Thermometers mounted on heater outlets do not meet
this requirement. A sketch of any proposed heater
(b) Outlets must be covered by a secured grating
which requires the use of a tool to remove and installation including valves, thermometer, pipe sizes,
whose open area is such that the maximum and material specifications shall be submitted to the
velocity of water passing through the openings department and permitted prior to installation. Piping
does not exceed 11/2 feet per second at 100 per- and influent, effluent and bypass valves which allow
cent of the design recirculation flow. isolation or removal of the heater from the system
shall be provided. Materials used in solar and other
(c) Multiple outlets, equally spaced from the pool heaters shall be non-toxic and acceptable for use with
side walls and from each other, shall be installed potable water. Heaters shall not prevent the attainment
in pools where the deep portion of the pool is of the required turnover rate.
greater than 30 feet in width.
(15) Pool waste water disposal—Pool waste water shall be
(d) If the area is subject to high ground water, the pool discharged through an air gap; disposal shall be to san-
shall be designed to withstand hydraulic uplift or itary sewers, storm sewers, drainfields, or by other
shall be provided with hydrostatic relief devices.
means, in accordance with local requirements includ-
(e) The main drain outlet shall be connected to a col- ing obtaining all necessary permits. Disposal of water
lector tank. The capacity of the collector tank from pools using D.E. powder shall be accomplished

424
through separation tanks which are equipped with air filtration system. The booster pump shall
bleed valves, bottom drain lines, and isolation valves, be electrically interlocked with the recircu-
or through a settling tank with final disposal being lation pump to prevent the feeding of chlo-
acceptable to local authorities. D.E. separator tanks rine when the recirculation pump is not
shall have a capacity as rated by the manufacturer, operating.
equal to the square footage of the filter system. All 4. A means of weighing chlorine containers
lines shall be sized to handle the expected flow. There shall be provided. When 150 pound cylin-
shall not be a direct physical connection between any ders are used, platform type scales shall be
drain from a pool or recirculation system and a sewer provided and shall be capable of weighing
line. a minimum of 2 full cylinders at 1 time.
The elevation of the scale platform shall be
(16) Disinfection and pH adjustment shall be added to the within 2 inches of the adjacent floor level,
pool recirculation flow using automatic feeders meet- and the facilities shall be constructed to
ing the requirement of NSF Standard 50-1996. All allow easy placement of full cylinders on
chemicals shall be fed into the return line after the the scales.
pump, heater and filters unless the feeder was 5. Each cylinder shall be secured at all times,
designed by the manufacturer and approved by the with 150 pound cylinders maintained in an
NSF to feed to the collector tank or to the suction side upright position. A protective cap shall be
of the pump. in place at all times when the cylinder is
(a) Gas chlorination—When gas chlorination is uti- not connected to the chlorinator.
lized, the chlorinator shall be capable of continu-
ously feeding a chlorine dosage of 4 mg/L to the
recirculated flow of the filtration system. The
application point for chlorine shall be located in (b) Hypohalogenation and Electrolytic chlorine gen-
the return line downstream of the filter, recircu- erators—The hypohalogenation type feeder and
lation pump, heater, and flow meter, and as far as electrolytic chlorine generators shall be adjustable
possible from the pool. from 0 to full range. A rate of flow indicator is
1. Gas chlorinators shall be located in above required on erosion type feeders. The feeders shall
grade rooms and in areas which are inac- be capable of continuously feeding a dosage of 6
cessible to unauthorized persons. mg/L to the minimum required turnover flow rate
a. Chlorine rooms shall have: continu- of the filtration systems. Solution feeders shall be
ous forced draft ventilation capable capable of feeding the above dosage using a 10
of a minimum of 1 air change per percent sodium hypochlorite solution, or 5 percent
minute with an exhaust at floor level calcium hypochlorite solution, whichever disin-
to the outside, a minimum of 30 foot- fectant is to be utilized at this facility. To prevent
candles of illumination with the the disinfectant from siphoning or feeding direct-
switch located outside and the door ly into the pool or pool piping under any type fail-
shall open out and shall not be locat- ure of the recirculation equipment, an electrical
ed adjacent to the filter room interlock with the recirculation pump shall be
entrance or the pool deck. A shatter- incorporated into the system for electrically oper-
proof gas tight inspection window ated feeders. The minimum size of the solution
shall be provided. reservoirs shall be at least 50 percent of the maxi-
b. Chlorine areas shall have a roof and mum daily capacity of the feeder. The solution
shall be enclosed by a chain-link reservoirs shall be marked to indicate contents.
type fence at least 6 feet high to (c) Feeders for pH adjustment—Feeders for pH
allow ventilation and prevent van- adjustment shall be provided on all pools, except
dalism. spa pools of less than 100 square feet of pool
2. A gas mask, or a self-contained breathing water surface area and pools utilizing erosion
apparatus, approved for use in chlorine gas type chlorinators feeding chlorinated isocyanu-
contaminated air, shall be provided and rates. pH adjustment feeders shall be positive
shall be located out of the area of possible displacement type, shall be adjustable from 0 to
contamination. full range, and shall have an electrical interlock
3. When booster pumps are used with the with the circulation pump to prevent discharge
chlorinator, the pump shall use recirculated when the recirculation pump is not operating.
pool water supplied via the recirculation When soda ash is used for pH adjustment, the

424
maximum concentration of soda ash solution to tion and at least one vent grille for cross
be fed shall not exceed 1/2 pound soda ash per draft ventilation shall be located at floor
gallon of water. Feeders for soda ash shall be level.
capable of feeding a minimum of 3 gallons of the 6. A self-contained breathing apparatus
above soda ash solution per pound of gas chlori- designed and rated by it’s manufacturer for
nation capacity. The minimum size of the solu- use in ozone contaminated air shall be pro-
tion reservoirs shall not be less than 50 percent of vided when ozone generator installations
the maximum daily capacity of the feeder. The are capable of exceeding the maximum pool
solution reservoirs shall be marked to indicate water ozone contact concentration of 0.1
the type of contents. milligram per liter. The self-contained
(d) Ozone generating equipment may be used for breathing apparatus shall be available at all
supplemental water treatment on public swim- times and shall be used at times when the
ming pools subject to the conditions of this sec- maintenance or service personnel have
tion. determined that the equipment room ozone
1. Ozone generating equipment electrical concentration exceeds 10 mg/L. Ozone gen-
components and wiring shall comply with erator installations which require the self-
the requirements of the National Electrical contained breathing apparatus shall also be
Code® and the manufacturer shall provide provided with Draeger type detector tube
a certificate of conformance. The process equipment which is capable of detecting
equipment shall be provided with an effec- ozone levels of 10 mg/L and greater.
tive means to alert the user when a compo- 7. In lieu of the above self contained breath-
nent of this equipment is not operating. ing apparatus an ozone detector capable of
detecting 1 mg/L may be used. Said detec-
2. Ozone generating equipment shall meet the tor must be capable of stopping the pro-
NSF’s Standard Number 50-1996. duction of ozone, venting the room and
3. The concentration of ozone in the return sounding an alarm once ozone is detected.
line to the pool shall not exceed 0.1 mg/L.
4. The injection point for ozone generating (e) Ionization units may be used as supplemental
equipment shall be located in the pool water treatment on public pools subject to the
return line after the filtration and heating condition of this paragraph.
equipment, prior to the halogen injection 1. Ionization equipment and electrical com-
point, and as far as possible from the near- ponents and wiring shall comply with the
est pool return inlet with a minimum dis- requirements of the National Electrical
tance of 4 feet. Injection methods shall Code® and the manufacturer shall provide
include a mixer, contact chamber, or other a certification of conformance.
means of efficiently mixing the ozone with 2. Ionization equipment shall meet the NSF’s
the recirculated water. The injection and Standard 50-1992, Circulation System
mixing equipment shall not prevent the Components and Related Materials for
attainment of the required turnover rate of Swimming Pools, Spas/Hot Tubs, or equiv-
the recirculation system. Ozone generating alent, shall meet UL standards and shall be
equipment shall be equipped with a check electrically interlocked with recirculation
valve between the generator and the injec- pump.
tion point. Ozone generating equipment
shall be equipped with an air flow meter 64E-9.009—Wading Pools.
and a means to control the flow. (1) Wading pools shall meet the requirements of sections
5. Ventilation requirements—Ozone generat- 64E-9.001 through 64E-9.008, unless otherwise indi-
ing equipment shall be installed in equip- cated. Wading pools and associated piping shall not be
ment rooms with either forced draft or physically connected to any other swimming pools and
cross draft ventilation. Below grade equip- have no minimum width dimensions requirements.
ment rooms with ozone generators shall
have forced draft ventilation and all equip- (2) Depths—Wading pools shall have a maximum of 2 feet.
ment rooms with forced draft ventilation The depth at the perimeter of the pool shall be uniform
shall have the fan control switch located and shall not exceed 12 inches. Where recessed auto-
outside the equipment room door. The matic surface skimmers are used, the pool floor shall not
exhaust fan intake for forced draft ventila- be more than 12 inches below the deck unless steps and

424
handrails are provided. Depth and NO DIVING markers feet, or major fraction thereof, of pool perimeter. Step
are not required on wading pools. sets for spa type pools with more than 200 square feet
of pool water surface area shall comply with section
(3) Recirculation—Wading pools shall have a minimum of 64E-9.006(1)(d)3. Step sets for spa type pools with 200
one turnover every hour. Lines from main drains shall square feet or less of pool water surface area shall com-
discharge into a collector tank. ply with the following: Step treads shall have a mini-
(a) Skimmer equalizer lines when required shall be mum width of 10 inches for a minimum continuous
installed in the pool floor with a grate covering. tread length of 12 inches. Step riser heights shall not
(b) The grate cover shall be sized so as not to allow exceed 12 inches except when the bottom step is used
the flow to exceed 11/2 feet per second when the for a bench or seat, the bottom riser may be a maximum
equalizer line is operating. of 14 inches. Intermediate treads and risers between the
top and bottom treads and risers shall be uniform in
(4) Inlets—Wading pools with 20 feet or less of perimeter width and height, respectively. Contrasting markings
shall have a minimum of two equally spaced adjustable on the leading edges of the submerged benches and the
inlets. intersections of the treads and risers are required to be
installed in accordance with 64E-9.006(1)(d)3.
(5) Emergency drainage—All wading pools shall have
drainage to waste without a cross-connection through a (a) Handrails shall be provided for all sets of steps
quick opening valve to facilitate emptying the wading and shall be anchored in the bottom step and in
pool should accidental bowel or other discharge occur. the deck. Handrails shall be located to provide
maximum access to the steps and handrails shall
(6) Vacuuming—Wading pools with 200 square feet or
extend 28 inches above the pool deck.
more of pool water surface area shall have provisions
for vacuuming.
(b) Where “figure 4” handrails are used, they shall
(7) Wading pool decks—When adjacent to swimming
be anchored in the deck and shall extend lateral-
pools, wading pools shall be separated from the swim-
ly to any point vertically above the bottom step.
ming pool by a fence or other similar type barrier.
Handrails shall be located to provide maximum
Wading pools shall have a minimum 10 foot wide deck
access to the steps and handrails shall extend 28
around at least 50 percent of their perimeter with the
inches above the pool deck.
remainder of the perimeter deck being at least 4 feet
wide. There shall be at least 10 feet between adjacent
(5) Decks—Decks shall have a minimum 4 foot wide
swimming pools and wading pools.
unobstructed width around the entire pool perimeter
except that pools of less than 120 square feet of pool
(8) Wading pools are exempt from underwater lighting require-
water surface area shall have a minimum 4 foot wide
ments but do require overhead lighting for night use.
unobstructed continuous deck around a minimum of 50
percent of the pool perimeter. Decks less than 4 feet
64E-9.010—Spa Pools.
wide shall have barriers to prevent their use. Decks
(1) Spa pools shall meet the requirements of sections 64E-
shall not be more than 10 inches below the top of the
9.001 through 64E- 9.008, unless specifically indicated
pool.
otherwise.
(6) Therapy or jet systems
(2) The color, pattern or finish of the pool interior shall not (a) The return lines of spa type therapy or jet sys-
obscure the existence or presence of objects or surfaces tems shall be independent of the recirculation-fil-
within the pool. tration and heating systems.
(3) Water depths—Spa type pools shall have a minimum (b) Therapy or jet pumps shall take suction from the
water depth of 21/2 feet and a maximum water depth of collector tank. Collector tank sizing shall take
4 feet, except that swim spa pools may have a maxi- this additional gallonage into consideration.
mum water depth of 5 feet. Depth markers and NO
DIVING markers are not required on spa type pools (7) Filtration system inlets—Spa type pools with less than
with 200 or less square feet of water surface area. 20 feet of perimeter shall have a minimum of 2 equal-
ly spaced adjustable inlets.
(4) Steps and handrails—Steps or ladders shall be provid-
ed and shall be located to provide adequate entrance to (8) Filtration recirculation—Spa type pools shall have a
and exit from the pool. The number of sets of steps or minimum of one turnover every 30 minutes. The pip-
ladders required shall be on the basis of 1 for each 75 ing, fittings, and hydraulic requirements shall be in

424
accordance with section 64E-9.007. All recirculation plunge pool.

lines to and from the pool shall be individually valved
with proportional flow type valves in order to control 2. Plunge pool dimension—The plunge pool
the recirculation flow. dimension between any slide flume exit or
terminus and the opposite side of the
(9) Vacuuming—Spa type pools of over 200 square feet of plunge pool shall be a minimum of 20 feet
pool water surface area shall have provisions for vacu- excluding steps.
uming.
3. Slide flume terminus.
(11) When spa pools are part of a conventional swimming a. The slide flume terminus shall be
pool, the spa pool area shall be offset from the main designed by the design engineer who
pool area with the same water depth as the main pool can demonstrate to the department’s
area. The spa pool shall meet all the spa pool require- satisfaction that riders will be ade-
ments of this chapter, and the deck area at the spa shall quately slowed prior to discharge so
be protected by connected 30 inch high stanchions. as to prevent injury or harm to the
The deck perimeter at the offset spa area shall not rider upon impact with the plunge
exceed 15 percent of the entire swimming pool pool water.
perimeter. All benches shall have contrasting markings b. The minimum distance between any
on the leading edges of the intersection of the bench plunge pool side wall and the outer
seats. If tile is used, it shall be slip resistant. edge of any slide terminus shall be 5
feet. The minimum distance between
(12) Portable and wooden type spa pools are prohibited. adjacent slide flumes shall be 6 feet.
64E-9.011—Water Recreation Attractions and c. A minimum length of slide flume of

Specialized Pools. 10 feet shall be perpendicular to the
(1) General—Water recreation attraction projects shall be plunge pool wall at the exit end of
designed and constructed within the limits of sound the flumes.
engineering practice. Design engineers may consult
with the department in reference to concepts of design 4. Plunge pool main drains—The plunge pool
variations and to areas where potential problems may shall have a minimum of one main drain
exist. In addition to the requirements of this section, with separate piping and valve to the filtra-
compliance is required with sections 64E-9.001 tion system collector tank. The velocity
through the openings of the main drain grate
through 64E-9.008 and 64E-9.017 of this chapter
shall not exceed 11/2 feet per second at the
depending upon the pool design and function.
design flow rate of the recirculation pump.
Additionally, all pools listed in this section shall have
The main drain piping shall be sized to han-
a 3 hour turnover rate unless otherwise noted. dle 100 percent of the design flow rate of the
filtration system with a maximum flow
(2) Water slides. velocity of 3 feet per second.
(a) Water slide plunge pool—Plunge pools shall be
constructed of concrete or other structurally rigid 5. Plunge pool floor slope—The plunge pool
impervious materials with a non-toxic, smooth floor shall slope to the main drains and the
and slip resistant finish. The plunge pool design slope shall not exceed 1 foot in 10 feet.
shall be as follows:
1. Plunge pool water depth—The minimum 6. Plunge pool decks.
plunge pool operating water depth at the a. Width—The minimum width of
slide flume terminus shall be 3 feet. This plunge pool decks along the exit side
depth shall be maintained for a minimum shall be 10 feet there shall be a pool
distance of 10 feet in front of the slide ter- deck along the side opposite the
minus from which point the plunge pool plunge pool weir, and this deck shall
floor may have a constant upward slope to have a minimum width of 4 feet.
allow a minimum water depth of 2 feet at b. Curbs—All plunge pool decks shall
the base of the steps. The floor slope shall have a minimum 6 inch high curb or
not exceed 1 foot in 10 feet. The plunge adequate freeboard to contain the
pool water depth shall be commensurate water surge generated by the person
with safety and the ease of exit from the entering the water via the slide.
c. Slopes—All plunge pool decks shall

424
slope away from the plunge pool allow cleaning without danger of operator
unless the curb is located at the out- entrapment.
side perimeter of the deck. If the curb 5. Pump reservoir main drains—The pump
is located at the outside perimeter of reservoir shall have a minimum of one
the deck, the plunge pool deck shall main drain with separate piping and valve
slope to the plunge pool or pump to the filtration system collector tank and
reservoir or to deck drains which dis- the velocity through the openings of the
charge to waste. All slopes shall be main drain grates shall not exceed 11/2 feet
between 2 and 4 percent grade. per second at the design flow rate of the fil-
tration system pump. The main drain pip-
7. Hand holds shall be provided along the ing shall be sized to handle 100 percent of
sides of the plunge pool in areas where the
design flow rate of the filtration system
water depth exceeds 3 feet, except that no
pump with a maximum flow velocity of 3
hand holds shall be required along the wall
feet per second.
where the slide enters the pool nor shall
they be required at the pool exit.
(d) Slide pump check valves—Slide pumps shall
have check valves on all discharge lines.
(b) Run out lanes—
1. Run out lanes may be utilized in lieu of a (e) Perimeter overflow gutters or skimmers—
plunge pool system provided they are con- Plunge pools and pump reservoirs shall have
structed to the slide manufacturers specifi- perimeter overflow gutter system or skimmer
cations and are approved by the design which shall be an integral part of the filtration
engineer of record. system.
2. Eight foot wide walkways shall be provid- 1. Perimeter overflow gutter systems—
ed adjacent to run out lanes. Perimeter overflow gutter systems shall
3. Minimum water level indicator markings meet the requirements of Section 64E-
shall be provided on both sides of the run 9.007(3)(a) except that gutters are not
out trough to insure adequate water for the required directly under slide flumes or
safe slowing of pool patrons. along the weirs which separate plunge
4. Water park personnel shall be provided at pools and pump reservoirs.
the top of the slides and at the run out. 2. Surface skimmers—Surface skimmers
may be used in lieu of perimeter overflow
(c) Pump reservoirs—Pump reservoirs shall be gutters and shall be appropriately spaced
made of concrete or other impervious material and located according to the structural
with a smooth slip resistant finish and shall be design. Unless an overflow gutter system
connected to the plunge pool by a weir. Pump
is used, surface skimmers shall be provid-
reservoirs shall be for the slide pump intakes.
Pump reservoir designs shall be as follows: ed in the plunge pool and in the pump
1. Pump reservoir volume—The minimum reservoir and the skimmer system shall be
reservoir volume shall be equal to 2 min- designed to carry 60 percent of the filtra-
utes of the combined flow rate in gpm of tion system design flow rate with each
all filter and slide pumps. skimmer carrying a minimum 30 gallons
2. Pump reservoir security—Pump reservoirs per minute. All surface skimmers shall
shall be accessible only to authorized indi- meet the requirements for NSF commercial
viduals. approval as set forth in NSF Standard 50-
3. Pump reservoir maintenance accessibility 1996, Circulation System Components and
—Access decks shall be provided for the Related Materials for Swimming Pools,
reservoir such that all areas are accessible Spas/Hot Tubs, which is incorporated by
for vacuuming, skimming, and mainte- reference in these rules, including an
nance. The decks shall have a minimum equalizer valve in the skimmer and an
width of 3 feet and shall have a minimum equalizer line to the pool wall on systems
slope of 3 inches in 10 feet away from the with direct connection to pump suction.
reservoir.
(f) Water slide recirculation—filtration equipment.
4. Pump reservoir slide pump intakes—The
1. Recirculation rate—The recirculation-fil-
slide pump intakes shall be located in the
tration system of water slides shall recircu-
pump reservoir and shall be designed to
late and filter a water volume equal to the

424
total water volume of the facility in a peri- (5) Lazy River Rides.
od of 3 hours or less. (a) Lazy River Rides shall be constructed within the
2. Filter areas—Minimum filter area require- limits of sound engineering practice. The design
ments shall be twice the filter areas speci- engineer may consult with the department prior
fied for the recirculation rates stipulated in to preparation and submission of engineering
section 64E-9.007(5)(a). The filtration sys- plans and specifications for Lazy River Rides.
tem shall be capable of returning the pool
water turbidity to 5/10 NTU within 8 hours (b) Lazy River Rides shall be constructed on con-
or less after peak bather load. crete or other impervious materials with a non-
3. Hair and lint strainer—Any filtration sys- toxic, smooth and slip resistant finish. These
tem pump which takes suction directly from rides shall be of such shape and design as to be
the plunge pool and reservoir shall have a operated in a safe and sanitary manner.
minimum 8 inch diameter hair and lint
strainer on the suction side of the pump. (c) The recirculation-filtration system of the Lazy
River Ride shall be capable of a minimum of one
(g) Disinfection—The disinfection equipment shall turnover every 3 hours.
be capable of feeding 12 mg/L of halogen to the
continuous recirculation flow of the filtration
system. (d) The maximum water depth of the Lazy River
Ride shall not exceed 3 feet unless justified to the
(3) Water activity pools. department’s satisfaction by the design engineer.
(a) Water activity pools shall be designed and con-
structed within the limits of sound engineering
practice. The design engineer may consult with (e) Decking shall be provided at the entrance and
the department prior to preparation and submis- exit points as necessary to provide safe patron
sion of engineering plans and specifications for access but shall not be smaller than 10 feet in
water activity pools. width and length. Additional decking along the
ride course is not required except that decking
(b) Water activity pools shall be constructed of con- shall be required at lifeguard locations and emer-
crete or other structurally rigid impervious mate- gency exit points.
rials with a non-toxic, smooth and slip resistant
finish. These pools shall be of such shape and (f) Access and exit shall be provided at the start and
end of the ride only, except that emergency exit
design as to be operated and maintained in a safe
locations shall be located along the ride course as
and sanitary manner. necessary to provide for the safety of the patrons.
(c) The recirculation-filtration system of water (6) Zero Depth Entry Pools.
activity pools shall be capable of a minimum of (a) Zero depth entry pools shall have a continuous
one turnover every 3 hours. floor slope from the water edge to the deep end.
(4) Wave pools. (b) The deck level perimeter overflow system with
(a) Wave pools shall be designed and constructed grate shall be provided at the waters edge across
within the limits of sound engineering practice. the entire zero depth portion of the pool.
The design engineer may consult with the depart-
ment prior to preparation and submission of engi- (c) The pool deck may slope toward the pool for no
neering plans and specifications for wave pools. more than 5 feet, as measured from the overflow
system grate outward. Beyond this area the deck
shall slope away from the pool in accordance
(b) Wave pools shall be constructed of concrete or with section 64E-9.006(2)(a)1.
other impervious materials with a smooth slip
resistant finish. These pools shall be of such (d) Barriers and No-entry signs shall be provided
shape and design as to be operated and main- along the pool wall edge where the water depth is
tained in a safe and sanitary manner. less than 3 feet deep. No-entry signs shall be slip-
resistant, shall have 4 inch high letters, shall be
(c) The recirculation-filtration system of wave pools located within 2 feet of the pool edge and shall be
shall be capable of a minimum of one turnover spaced no more than 15 feet apart.
every 3 hours.
(e) Additional inlets shall be provided in areas of

424
less than 18 inches deep. The numbers and loca- 70, National Electrical Code®, 1996 Edition that
tion shall be such as to double the flow rate into is incorporated by reference.
this area.
(f) Hydraulics.
(7) Special Purpose Pools. 1. The filter system shall be capable of filtering
(a) General—Special purpose pool projects may and treating the entire water volume of the
deviate from the requirements of other sections water feature within 30 minutes. The filter
of these rules provided the design and construc- system shall draft from the collector tank and
tion are within the limits of sound engineering return filtered and treated water to the tank via
practice. Only those deviations necessary to equally spaced inlet fittings. The flow rate
accommodate the special usage shall be allowed through these fittings shall not exceed 20
and all other aspects of the pool shall comply gpm.
with the requirements of this section and with 2. The water feature pump shall draft from the
section 64E-9.001 through 64E-9.008. The collector tank.
design engineer may consult with the department 3. An automatic water level controller shall be
prior to preparation and submission of engineer- provided.
ing plans for special purpose pools. 4. The flow rate through the feature nozzles of
the water features shall be such as not to harm
(b) A special purpose pool may incorporate ledges the patrons and shall not exceed 20 feet per
which do not overhang into the pool. second unless justified by the design engineer
(c) The operating permit shall state the purpose for and by the fountain system manufacturer.
which the pool is to be used.
(8) Interactive Water Features. 424.2 Private Swimming Pools

(a) Waters discharged from all fountain or spray fea-
tures shall not pond on the feature floor but shall 424.2.1 - Definitions - General
flow by gravity through a maindrain fitting to a
below grade sump or collection system which 424.2.1.1 Tense, Gender and Number. For the pur-
discharges to a collector tank. The minimum size pose of this code, certain abbreviations, terms, phrases,
words, and their derivatives shall be construed as set
of the sump or collector tank shall be equal to the
forth in this section. Words used in the present tense
volume of 2 minutes of the combined flow of all
include the future. Words in the masculine gender
feature pumps and the filter pump. Smaller tanks
include the feminine and neuter. Words in the feminine
may be utilized if hydraulically justified by the
and neuter gender include the masculine. The singular
design engineer. Adequate access shall be pro- number includes the plural and the plural number
vided to the sump or collector tank. Stairs or a includes the singular.
ladder shall be provided as needed to ensure safe
entry into the tank. 424.2.1.2 Words Not Defined. Words not defined
herein shall have the meanings stated in the Standard
(b) When an underground sump is utilized, an auto- Building Code, Standard Mechanical Code, Standard
matic skimmer system shall be provided. A vari- Plumbing Code, Standard Gas Code or Standard Fire
able height skimmer may be used or a custom Prevention Code. Words not defined in the Standard
surface skimmer device may be substituted if Codes shall have the meanings stated in the Webster’s
deemed appropriate by both the design engineer Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, as revised.
and the department.
424.2.2 Definitions
(c) Chemical feeders shall be provided in accor-
dance with section 64E-9.007; except that the ABOVEGROUND/ONGROUND POOL. (See
disinfection feeder shall be capable of feeding 12 Swimming Pool.)
ppm of free chlorine to the filter return piping.
ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY. The individual
(d) If night operation is proposed, 6 footcandles of official, board, department or agency established and
light shall be provided on the pool deck and the authorized by a state, county, city or other political sub-
water feature area. Lighting that may be exposed division created by law to administer and enforce the
to the feature pool water shall not exceed 15 provisions of the swimming pool code as adopted or
volts, shall be installed in accordance with man- amended.
ufacturer’s specifications and be approved for
such use by UL or NSF. APPROVED. Accepted or acceptable under an appli-
cable specification stated or cited in this code, or
(e) All electrical work shall comply with the NFPA accepted as suitable for the proposed use under proce-

424
dures and power of the administrative authority. FILTER RATE. Average rate of flow per square foot
of filter area.
APPROVED TESTING AGENCY. An organization
primarily established for the purpose of testing to FILTER ROCK. Specially graded rock and gravel
approved standards and approved by the administrative used to support filter sand.
authority.
BACKWASH PIPING. See Filter Waste Discharge FILTER SAND. A specially graded type of permanent
Piping. filter medium.
BARRIER. A fence, wall, building wall or a combina- FILTER SEPTUM. That part of the filter element in a
tion thereof which completely surrounds the swimming diatomite type filter upon which a cake of diatomite or
pool and obstructs access to the swimming pool. other non-permanent filter aid may be deposited.
BODY FEED. Filter aid fed into a diatomite-type fil- FILTER WASTE DISCHARGE PIPING. Piping
ter throughout the filtering cycle.
that conducts waste water from a filter to a drainage
CARTRIDGE FILTER. A filter using cartridge type system. Connection to drainage system is made
filter elements. through an air gap or other approved methods.
CHEMICAL PIPING. Piping which conveys concen- FRESH WATER. Those waters having a specific con-
trated chemical solutions from a feeding apparatus to ductivity less than a solution containing 6000 ppm of
the circulation piping. sodium chloride.
CIRCULATION PIPING SYSTEM. Piping between HIGH RATE SAND FILTER. A sand filter designed
the pool structure and the mechanical equipment. Usually for flows in excess of 5 gpm per sq ft.
includes suction piping, face piping and return piping.
HOT TUB. (See Swimming Pool.)
COMBINATION VALVE. A multipart valve intended
to perform more than one function. INGROUND POOL. (See Swimming Pool.)
DESIGN HEAD. Total head requirement of the circu- INLET FITTING. Fitting or fixture through which
lation system at the design rate of flow. circulated water enters the pool.
DIATOMITE (DIATOMACEOUS EARTH). A type MAIN OUTLET. Outlet at the deep portion of the
of filter aid. pool through which the main flow of water leaves the
pool when being drained or circulated.
DIATOMITE TYPE FILTER. A filter designed to be
used with filter aid. POOL. (See Swimming Pool.)
FACE PIPING. Piping, with all valves and fittings, which POOL DEPTHS. The distance between the floor of
is used to connect the filter system together as a unit. pool and the maximum operating water level.
FILTER. Any apparatus by which water is clarified. POOL PLUMBING. All chemical, circulation, filter
waste discharge piping, deck drainage and water filling
FILTER AID. A non-permanent type of filter medium system.
or aid such as diatomite, alum, etc.
PORTABLE POOL. A prefabricated pool which may
FILTER CARTRIDGE. A disposable or renewable be erected at the point of intended use and which may
filter element which generally employs no filter aid. be subsequently disassembled and re-erected at a new
location. Generally installed on the surface of the
FILTER ELEMENT. That part of a filter which ground and without excavation.
retains the filter medium.
PRECOAT. In a diatomite-type filter, the initial coat-
FILTER MEDIUM. Fine material which entraps the ing or filter aid placed on the filter septum at the start
suspended particles and removes them from the water. of the filter cycle.

424
RAPID SAND FILTER. A filter designed to be used A watertight structure of concrete, masonry, fiberglass,
with sand as the filter medium and for flows not to stainless steel or plastic which is located either indoors
exceed 5 gpm per sq ft. or outdoors, used for bathing or swimming by humans,
and filled with a filtered and disinfected water supply,
RECEPTOR. An approved plumbing fixture or device together with buildings, appurtenances and equipment
of such material, shape and capacity as to adequately used in connection therewith. A public swimming pool
receive the discharge from indirect waste piping, so or public pool shall mean a conventional pool, spa-type
constructed and located as to be readily cleaned. pool, wading pool, special purpose pool or water recre-
ation attraction, to which admission may be gained
RETURN PIPING. That portion of the circulation with or without payment of a fee and includes, pools
piping which extends from the outlet side of the filters operated by or serving camps, churches, cities, coun-
to the pool. ties, day care centers, group home facilities for 8 or
more clients, health spas, institutions, parks, state agen-
SALINE WATER. Those waters having a specific cies, schools, subdivisions; or the cooperative living-
conductivity in excess of a solution containing 6000 type projects of 5 or more living units, such as apart-
ppm of sodium chloride. ments, boarding houses, hotels, mobile home parks,
motels, recreational vehicle parks and townhouses.
SEPARATION TANK. A device used to clarify filter
rinse or waste water. Sometimes called a reclamation SWIMMING POOL, RESIDENTIAL. That which is
tank. intended for noncommercial use.
SKIM FILTER. A surface skimmer combined with a TURNOVER TIME. The time in hours required for
vacuum diatomite filter. the circulation system to filter and recirculate a volume
of water equal to the pool volume.
SPA, NONPORTABLE. (See Swimming Pool.)
VACUUM FITTING. A fitting in the pool which is
SPA, PORTABLE. Non-permanent structure intended used as a convenient outlet for connecting the under-
for recreational bathing, in which all controls, water water suction cleaning equipment.
heating and water circulating equipment are an integral
part of the product and which is cord-connected (not VACUUM PIPING. The piping from the suction side
permanently electrically wired). of a pump connected to a vacuum fitting located at the
pool and below the water level.
SUCTION PIPING. That portion of the circulation pip-
ing located between the pool structure and the inlet side WASTE PIPING. See Filter Waste Discharge Piping.
of the pump and usually includes main outlet piping,
skimmer piping, vacuum piping and surge tank piping. WIDTH AND/OR LENGTH. Actual water dimen-
sion taken from wall to wall at the maximum operating
SURFACE SKIMMER. A device generally located in water level.
the pool wall which skims the pool surface by drawing
pool water over a self adjusting weir. 424.2.3 Mechanical Requirements. Unless otherwise
specified in this code, all piping, equipment and materi-
SWIMMING POOL. Any structure intended for swim- als used in the plumbing system of swimming pools that
ming or recreational bathing that contains water over 24 are built in place shall conform to the Florida Building
inches deep. This includes inground, aboveground, and Code, Plumbing.
onground swimming pools, hot tubs, and spas.
424.2.4 Approvals
SWIMMING POOL, INDOOR. A swimming pool 424.2.4.1 Compliance. All materials, piping, valves,
which is totally contained within a structure and sur- equipment or appliances entering into the construction
rounded on all four (4) sides by walls of said structure. of swimming pools or portions thereof shall be of a
type complying with this code or of a type recom-
SWIMMING POOL, OUTDOOR. Any swimming mended and approved by a nationally recognized test-
pool which is not an indoor pool. ing agency or conforming to other recognized stan-
dards acceptable to the administrative authority.
PUBLIC SWIMMING POOL or PUBLIC POOL.

424
424.2.4.2 Items not covered. For any items not

specifically covered in these requirements, the admin- 424.2.6.4 Piping to heater. Water flow through the
istrative authority is hereby authorized to require that heater, any bypass plumbing installed, any back-siphon-
all equipment, materials, methods of construction and ing protection, and the use of heat sinks shall be done in
design features shall be proven to function adequately, accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
effectively and without excessive maintenance and
operational difficulties. 424.2.6.5 Piping installation. All piping materials
shall be installed in strict accordance with the manu-
424.2.4.3 Applicant responsibility. It shall be the facturer’s installation standards.
responsibility of the applicant to provide such data,
tests or other adequate proof that the device, material or 424.2.6.6 Entrapment Protection for Suction Inlets.
product will satisfactorily perform the function for 424.2.6.6.1 Location. Suction inlets shall be pro-
which it is intended, before such item shall be vided and arranged to produce circulation through-
approved or accepted for tests. out the pool or spa.
424.2.5 Alternate Materials and Methods of 424.2.6.6.2 Testing and Certification. All pool
Construction and spa suction inlets shall be provided with a cover
that has been tested and accepted by a recognized
424.2.5.1 Approval and authorization. The provi- testing facility and comply with ANSI/ASME
sions of this code are not intended to prevent the use of A112.19.8M, “Suction Fittings for Use in
any alternate material, method of construction, appli- Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Whirlpool
ance or equipment, provided any such alternate has Bathtub Appliances.”
been first approved and its use authorized by the Exception: Surface skimmers.
administrative authority.
IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTE: Do not use or
424.2.5.2 Required tests. When there is insufficient operate pool or spa if the suction inlet fitting is
evidence to substantiate claims for alternates, the missing, broken, or loose.
administrative authority may require tests, as proof of
compliance, to be made by an approved agency at the 424.2.6.6.3 Entrapment Avoidance. If the suction.
expense of the applicant. inlet system, such as an automatic cleaning system,
is a vacuum cleaner system which has a single suc-
424.2.6 Engineering Design. tion inlet, or multiple suction inlets which can be
424.2.6.1 Conformance standard. Design, construction isolated by valves, then each suction inlet shall pro-
and workmanship shall be in conformity with ANSI/NSPI- tect against user entrapment by either an approved
4 1992, “Standard for Aboveground/Onground Residential antivortex cover, 12"x12" grate or larger, or other
Swimming Pools; and NSPI-5,” Standard for Residential approved means.
Swimming Pools; published by the National Spa and Pool
Institute, or other accepted engineering practices. In addition, all pools and spas shall be required to
have a backup system which shall provide vacuum
424.2.6.2 Required equipment. Every swimming pool relief should grate covers be missing. Alternative
shall be equipped complete with approved mechanical vacuum relief devices shall include either:
equipment consisting of filter, pump, piping valves and 1. Approved Vacuum Release system
component parts. 2. Approved Vent piping
3. Other approved devices or means
Exception: Pools with a supply of fresh water
equivalent to the volume of the pool in the specified 424.2.6.6.4 Suction Inlets Per Pump. A minimum
turnover time will be allowed. of two suction inlets shall be provided for each
pump in the suction inlet system, separated by a
424.2.6.3 Water velocity. Pool piping shall be minimum of 3 feet or located on two different
designed so the water velocity will not exceed 10 ft/s, planes; i.e., one on the bottom and one on the verti-
except that the water velocity shall not exceed 8 ft/s in cal wall, or one each on two separate vertical walls.
copper tubing. These suction inlets shall be plumbed such that
water is drawn through them simultaneously
Exception: Jet inlet fittings shall not be deemed through a common line to the pump.
subject to this requirement.

424.2.5.2 — 424.2.7.3
424.2.6.6.5 Cleaner Fittings. Where provided, the the rim fill spout shall be accepted unless located under a
vacuum or pressure cleaner fitting(s) shall be locat- diving board, or properly guarded.
ed in an accessible position(s) at least 6 inches and
not greater than 12 inches below the minimum oper- 424.2.10 Waste water disposal.
ating water level or as an attachment to the skim- 424.2.10.1 Connection limitations. Direct or indirect
mer(s). connections shall not be made between any storm
drain, sewer, drainage system, seepage pit underground
424.2.7 Pumps leaching pit, or sub-soil drainage line, and any line con-
424.2.7.1 Strainer. Pool circulating pumps shall be nected to a swimming pool unless approved by the
equipped on the inlet side with an approved type hair administrative authority.
and lint strainer when used with a pressure filter.
424.2.10.2 Disposal through public sewer. When the
424.2.7.2 Mounting. Pumps shall be mounted on a waste water from a swimming pool is to be disposed of
substantial base in a manner that will eliminate strain through a public sewer, a 3 inch P-trap shall be
on piping. installed on the lower terminus of the building drain
and the tall piece from the trap shall extend a minimum
424.2.7.3 Capacity. Pumps shall have design capacity of 3 inches above finished grade and below finished
at the following heads. floor grade. This trap need not be vented. The connec-
l. Pressure Diatomaceous Earth—At least 60 ft. tion between the filter waste discharge piping and the
2. Vacuum Diatomaceous Earth—20 inch vacuum P-trap shall be made by means of an indirect connec-
on the suction side and 40 ft total head. tion.
3. Rapid Sand—At least 45 ft. 424.2.10.3 Deviations. Plans and specifications for
4. High Rate Sand—At least 60 ft. any deviation from the above manner of installation
shall first be approved by the administrative authority
424.2.7.4 Materials. Pump impellers, shafts, wear before any portion of any such system is installed.
rings and other working parts shall be of corrosion- When waste water disposal is to seepage pit installa-
resistant materials. tion, it shall be installed in accordance with the
approval granted by the administrative authority.
424.2.8 Valves.
424.2.8.1 General. Valves shall be made of materials that 424.2.11 Separation tank. A separation tank of an
are approved in the Florida Building Code, Plumbing. approved type may be used in lieu of the aforementioned
Valves located under concrete slabs shall be set in a pit means of waste water disposal when connected as a recla-
having a least dimension of five pipe diameters with a mation system.
minimum of at least 10 inches and fitted with a suitable
cover. All valves shall be located where they will be read- 424.2.12 Tests
ily accessible for maintenance and removal. 424.2.12.1 Pressure test. All pool piping shall be
inspected and approved before being covered or con-
424.2.8.2 Full-Way (gate) valves. Full-way valves cealed. It shall be tested and proved tight to the satis-
shall be installed to insure proper functioning of the fil- faction of the administrative authority, under a static
tration and piping system. When the pump is located water or air pressure test of not less than 35 psi for 15
below the overflow rim of the pool, a valve shall be minutes.
installed on the discharge outlet and the suction line.
Exception: Circulating pumps need not be tested as
424.2.8.3 Check valves. Where check valves are installed required in this section.
they shall be of the swing or vertical check patterns.
424.2.12.2 Drain and waste piping. All drain and
424.2.8.4 Combination valves. Combination valves waste piping shall be tested by filling with water to the
shall require approval of the administrative authority point of overflow and all joints shall be tight.
prior to their installation.
424.2.13 Drain Piping
424.2.9 Water supply. Unless an approved type of filling 424.2.13.1 Slope to discharge. Drain piping serving
system is installed, any water supply which in the judg- gravity overflow gutter drains and deck drains shall be
ment of the administrative authority may be used to fill the installed to provide continuous grade to point of dis-
pool, shall be equipped with backflow protection. No over charge.

424.2.7.4 — 424.2.14.2
424.2.17.1.1 The top of the barrier shall be at least 48

424.2.13.2 Joints and connections. Joints and connec- inches above grade measured on the side of the barrier
tions shall be made as required by the Florida Building which faces away from the swimming pool. The max-
Code, Plumbing. imum vertical clearance between grade and the bottom
of the barrier shall be 2 inches measured on the side of
424.2.14 Water Heating Equipment the barrier which faces away from the swimming pool.
424.2.14.1 Labels. Swimming pool water heating Where the top of the pool structure is above grade the
equipment shall conform to the design, construction barrier may be at ground level or mounted on top of the
and installation requirements in accordance with pool structure. Where the barrier is mounted on top of
accepted engineering practices and shall bear the label the pool structure, the maximum vertical clearance
of a recognized testing agency, and shall include a con- between the top of the pool structure and the bottom of
sideration of combustion air, venting and gas supply the barrier shall be 4 inches.
requirements for water heaters.
424.2.17.1.2 Openings in the barrier shall not allow
424.2.14.2 Water retention. If a heater is not passage of a 4-inch diameter sphere.
equipped or designed for an approved permanent by-
pass or anti-siphon device, an approved permanent by- 424.2.17.1.3 Solid barriers which do not have open-
pass or anti-siphon device shall be installed to provide ings shall not contain indentations or protrusions
a positive means of retaining water in the heater when except for normal construction tolerances and
the pump is not in operation. tooled masonry joints.
424.2.17.1.4 Where the barrier is composed of hor-

424.2.14.3 Pit Drainage. When the heater is installed
izontal and vertical members and the distance
in a pit, the pit shall be provided with approved
between the tops of the horizontal members is less
drainage facilities.
than 45 inches, the horizontal members shall be
located on the swimming pool side of the fence.
424.2.14.4 Connections. All water heating equipment
Spacing between vertical members shall not exceed
shall be installed with flanges or union connection
13/4 inches in width. Where there are decorative
adjacent to the heater.
cutouts within vertical members, spacing within the
cutouts shall not exceed 13/4 inches in width.
424.2.14.5 Relief valve. When water heating equip-
ment which is installed in a closed system has a valve
424.2.17.1.5 Where the barrier is composed of hor-
between the appliance and the pool, a pressure relief
izontal and vertical members and the distance
valve shall be installed on the discharge side of the
between the tops of the horizontal members is 45
water heating equipment. For units up to and including
inches or more, spacing between vertical members
200,000 Btu/hour input, the relief valve shall be rated
shall not exceed 4 inches. Where there are decora-
by the American Gas Association.
tive cutouts within vertical members, spacing with-
424.2.15 Gas Piping.Gas piping shall comply with the in the cutouts shall not exceed 13/4 inches in width.
Florida Building Code, Fuel Gas.
424.2.17.1.6 Maximum mesh size for chain link fences
424.2.16 Electrical. Electrical wiring and equipment shall shall be a 21/4 inch square unless the fence is provided
comply with the National Electrical Code®. with slats fastened at the top or bottom which reduce
the openings to no more than 13/4 inches.
424.2.17 Residential Swimming Pool Enclosure.
Residential swimming pools shall comply with 424.2.17.1 424.2.17.1.7 Where the barrier is composed of diag-
through 424.2.17.3. onal members, the maximum opening formed by the
diagonal members shall be no more than 13/4 inches.
Exception: A swimming pool with a power safety
cover, or a spa with a safety cover complying with 424.2.17.1.8 Access gates shall comply with the
ASTM F 1346-91. requirements of 424.2.17.1.1 through 424.2.17.1.7
and shall be equipped to accommodate a locking
424.2.17.1 Outdoor Swimming Pools. Outdoor swim- device. Pedestrian access gates shall open outward
ming pools shall be provided with a barrier complying away from the pool and shall be self-closing and
with 424.2.17.1.1 through 424.2.17.1.10. have a self-latching device. Gates other than pedes-
trian access gates shall have a self-latching device.

424.2.14.3 — 424.2.17.1.9
Where the release mechanism of the self-latching low end where water depth exceeds 24 inches.
device is located less than 54 inches from the bot-
tom of the gate, the release mechanism shall be In private pools where water depth exceeds 5 ft, there
located on the pool side of the gate at least 3 inches shall be ladders, stairs or underwater benches/swimouts in
below the top of the gate, and the gate and barrier the deep end. Where manufactured diving equipment is to
shall have no opening greater than 1/2 inch within 18 be used, benches or swimouts shall be recessed or located
inches of the release mechanism. in a corner.
424.2.17.1.9 Where a wall of a dwelling serves as 424.2.19 Final Inspection. All swimming pool installa-
part of the barrier, one of the following shall apply: tions must be completed. The pool shall be completely
1. All doors with direct access to the pool filled with water and in operation before final inspection.
through that wall shall be equipped with an
alarm which produces an audible warning 424.2.20 Filters. The entire design of matched compo-
when the door and its screen are opened. The nents shall have sufficient capacity to provide a complete
alarm shall sound continuously for a mini- turnover of pool water in 12 hours or less.
mum of 30 seconds immediately after the
door is opened and be capable of being heard 424.2.20.1 Sand Filters.
throughout the house during normal house- 424.2.20.1.1 Approved types. Rapid sand filters
hold activities. The alarm shall automatically (flow up to 5 gpm/sq ft) shall be constructed in
reset under all conditions. The alarm shall be accordance with approved standards. Where high
equipped with a manual means to temporarily rate sand filters (flow in excess of 5 gpm/sq ft) are
deactivate the alarm for a single opening. used, they shall be of an approved type. The circu-
Such deactivation shall last no more than 15 lation system and backwash piping shall be ade-
seconds. The deactivation switch shall be quate for proper backwashing of said filter and shall
located at least 54 inches above the threshold provide backwash flow rates of at least 12 gpm/sq ft
of the door. for rapid sand filters or 15 gpm/sq ft for high rate
2. Other means of protection, such as self-clos- sand filters.
ing doors with self-latching devices or doors
with positive mechanical latching locking 424.2.20.1.2 Instructions. Every filter system shall
devices installed a minimum 54 inches above be provided with written operating instructions.
the threshold, which are approved by the
administrative authority, shall be accepted. 424.2.20.1.3 Filter system equipment. On pressure
type filters, a means shall be provided to permit the
424.2.17.1.10 Where an aboveground pool structure release of internal pressure. A filter incorporating an
is used as a barrier or where the barrier is mounted automatic internal air release as its principal means
on top of the pool structure, and the means of access of air release shall have lids which provide a slow
is a ladder or steps, the ladder or steps either shall be and safe release of pressure as part of its design. A
capable of being secured, locked or removed to pre- separation tank used in conjunction with a filter tank
vent access, or the ladder or steps shall be surround- shall have as part of its design a manual means of air
ed by a barrier which meets the requirements of release or a lid which provides a slow and safe
424.2 .17.1.1 through 424.2.17.1.9. When the ladder release of pressure as it is opened.
or steps are secured, locked or removed, any open-
ing created shall not allow the passage of a 4 inch 424.2.20.2 Diatomite Type Filters
diameter sphere. 424.2.20.2.1 Design. Diatomite-type filters shall be
designed for operation under either pressure or vac-
424.2.17.2 Indoor swimming pools. All walls sur- uum. The design capacity for both pressure and vac-
rounding indoor swimming pools shall comply with uum filters shall not exceed 2 gpm/sq ft of effective
424.2.17.1.9. filter area.
424.2.17.3 Prohibited locations. Barriers shall be 424.2.20.2.2 Filter aid. Provision shall be made to
located so as to prohibit permanent structures, equip- introduce filter aid into the filter in such a way as to
ment or similar objects from being used to climb the evenly precoat the filter septum.
barriers.
424.2.21 Pool Fittings
424.2.21.1 Approved type. Pool fittings shall be of an
424.2.18 Ladders and Steps. All pools whether public or
approved type and design as to be appropriate for the
private shall be provided with a ladder or steps in the shal-

424.2.17.1.10 — 424.2.21.4
specific application.
424.2.21.2 Skimmers. Approved surface skimmers are

required and shall be installed in strict accordance with
the manufacturer’s installation instructions. Skimmers
shall be installed on the basis of one per 1000 sq ft of
surface area or fraction thereof, and shall be designed
for a flow rate of at least 25 gpm per skimmer.
424.2.21.3 Main outlet. An approved main outlet shall

be provided at the deepest point in every pool for emp-
tying or circulation, or both, of the water in the pool.
424.2.21.4 Hydrostatic relief device. In areas of antic-

ipated water table an approved hydrostatic relief device
shall be installed.
Exception: Plastic liner pools (where there is no

structural bottom to the pool).
424.2.21.5 Inlet fittings. Approved manufactured inlet

fittings for the return of recirculated pool water shall be
provided on the basis of at least one per 15,000 gal of
pool capacity. Such inlet fittings shall be designed and
constructed to insure an adequate seal to the pool struc-
ture and shall incorporate a convenient means of seal-
ing for pressure testing of the pool circulation piping.
Where more than one inlet is required, the shortest dis-
tance between any two required inlets shall be at least
10 ft.
424.2.22 Equipment Foundations And Enclosures. All

mechanical equipment shall be set on a single concrete
base or slab. All heating and electrical equipment, unless
approved for outdoor installation, shall be adequately pro-
tected against the weather or installed within a building.
424.2.23 Accessibility and Clearances. Equipment shall

be so installed as to provide ready accessibility for clean-
ing, operating, maintenance and servicing.

Lamp Wattage Lumen Output Power Cost Cost per 100 Lumens
(initial) (maintained) (per year) (per year)
Low-Pressure Sodium (LPS)
18 1800 1800 $7.20 $0.40
35 4800 4800 $14.00 $0.29
55 8000 8000 $22.00 $0.28
90 13500 13500 $36.00 $0.27
135 22500 22500 $54.00 $0.24
180 33000 33000 $72.00 $0.22
High-Pressure Sodium (Clear) (HPS)
35 2250 1643 $14.00 $0.85
50 4000 2920 $20.00 $0.68
70 6300 4599 $28.00 $0.61
100 9500 6935 $40.00 $0.58
150 16000 11680 $60.00 $0.51
200 22000 16060 $80.00 $0.50
250 29000 21170 $100.00 $0.47
310 37000 27010 $124.00 $0.46
350 46500 33945 $140.00 $0.41
400 50000 36500 $160.00 $0.44
51500 37595 $172.00 $0.46

Standard Metal Halide (MH)
150 13500 8413 $60.00 $0.71

175 15000 9348 $70.00 $0.75
250 23000 14333 $100.00 $0.70
360 36000 22434 $144.00 $0.64
400 40000 24928 $160.00 $0.64
Pulse Start Metal Halide (MH)
50 3400 1496 $20.00 $1.34

70 5600 2464 $28.00 $1.14
100 9000 3960 $40.00 $1.01
150 14000 8000 $60.00 $0.75
175 17500 11000 $70.00 $0.64
200 21000 13800 $80.00 $0.58
250 25000 16500 $100.00 $0.61
320 33000 21000 $128.00 $0.61
350 37000 24000 $140.00 $0.58
400 44000 28500 $160.00 $0.56
450 50000 33000 $180.00 $0.55
T12 Cool-White Fluorescent (FL)
21 1190 952 $8.40 $0.88

30 2050 1640 $12.00 $0.73
36 2450 1960 $14.40 $0.73
39 3000 2400 $15.60 $0.65
50 3700 2960 $20.00 $0.66
52 3900 3120 $20.80 $0.67
55 4600 3680 $22.00 $0.60
70 5400 4320 $28.00 $0.65
75 6300 5040 $30.00 $0.60
T12 High-Output (800 ma) Fluorescent (FL)
75 5150 4120 $30.00 $0.73

80 5600 4480 $32.00 $0.71
85 6900 5520 $34.40 $0.62
95 8625 6900 $38.00 $0.55
110 9500 7600 $44.00 $0.58
T8 Fluorescent (FL)
17 1400 1260 $6.80 $0.54

25 2225 2003 $10.00 $0.50
30 2900 2610 $12.00 $0.46
32 3100 2790 $12.80 $0.46
40 3725 3353 $16.00 $0.48
44 4000 3600 $17.60 $0.49
55 5050 4545 $22.00 $0.48
65 6100 5490 $26.00 $0.47
59 5950 5355 $23.60 $0.44
86 8200 7380 $34.40 $0.47
Compact Fluorescent (PL)
7 400 320 $2.80 $0.88

9 600 480 $3.60 $0.75
13 900 720 $5.20 $0.72
18 1250 1000 $7.20 $0.72
23 1500 1200 $9.20 $0.77
26 1710 1368 $10.40 $0.76
32 2400 1920 $12.80 $0.67
42 3200 2560 $16.80 $0.66
Incandescent (standard) (INC)
15 120 98 $6.00 $6.10

25 210 172 $10.00 $5.81
40 490 402 $16.00 $3.98
60 855 701 $24.00 $3.42
75 1180 968 $30.00 $3.10
100 1750 1435 $40.00 $2.79
150 2800 2296 $60.00 $2.61
200 3850 3157 $80.00 $2.53
Tungsten Halogen (Quartz) (TH)
75 1400 1302 $30.00 $2.30

100 1800 1674 $40.00 $2.39
150 2800 2604 $60.00 $2.30
200 3600 2952 $82.00 $2.78
250 5000 4650 $100.00 $2.15
300 6000 4920 $123.00 $2.50
500 10100 9393 $200.00 $2.13
References:
•GE Lamp Products Catalog 2001-2002

•Osram/Sylvania Lamp & Ballast Catalog, 1998
•Philips Lighting Company Lamp Specification and Application Guide, 2001/2002
•Venture Lighting International HID Systems Sourcebook, 2000
SEA TURTLES AND BEACHFRONT LIGHTING
TheThe negative effects of beachfront lighting on sea turtThe negative effects of beachfront lighting on sea tu
documented. Hatchlings emerge duringdocumented. Hatchlings emerge during hours of darkness, allowing th
toto the sea when sand temperatures are low and terrestrial, avian, andto the sea when sand temper
comparativelycomparatively few. Procomparatively few. Proper hacomparatively few. Proper hatchling orie
UnderUnder natural conditions,Under natural conditions, the ocean presents the brightest and most open horizon
asas a cue to hatchlings in their ocean-fias a cue to hatchlings in their ocean-finding beas a cue to hatchling
attractattract hatchlings asattract hatchlings as they emerge from theirattract hatchling s as they emerge from their
resulting from theresulting from the cumulative effects of coastal lights both contribute to this problem. resulting
makingmaking their way to the ocean, hatchlingsmaking their way to the ocean, hatchlings become misoriented an
beach.beach. Evbeach. Even for those hatchlings that eventually reach the ocean, unnecessary wander
increasesincreases their vulnerability to predationincreases their vulnerability to predation and expends limited en
maymay wander landward through beachfront property or across parking lots and highways may wander landward t
sources.sources. Mostsources. Most die from desiccation, direct exposuresources. Most die from desiccation,
Furthermore, beachfront lighting has been documented toFurthermore, beachfront lighting has been document
often results in reduced or abnormal nesting activity.
GENERAL GUIDELINES TO REDUCE IMPACTS TO SEA TURTLES*
ToTo preTo prevent hatchling misorientation and adverse impacts to nesting turtles, installation of the
minimal amount of exterior lighting for human safety and security is strongly encouraged.
1. LightsLights should not be placedLights should not be placed on the seaward side of the subject property
is visible from the nesting beach.
2. Lights should not be located seaward of the landward toe of the dune (or its equivalent).
3. TheThe light source or any reflective surThe light source or any reflective surface of a ligThe light sou
pointpoint on the nesting beach. There should be no illumination of apoint on the nesting beach. Th
beach,beach, either through direct illumination, reflective illumination, or cumulative illumination.
4. LightLight bulbs should be eitherLight bulbs should be either low pressure sodium lamps or low wattage (
"bug""bug" type bulbs or 7-watt or less florescent bulbs. The light fixtures should be"bug" type bulbs or 7-
shieldedshielded without interior reflective surfaces and directed downward. Lights may also be
louveredlouvered and/orlouvered and/or recessed, with baffles or without interior reflective surfaces aslou
5. LightLight fixturesLight fixtures should be mounted as low as feasibleLight fixtures should be mounted as
pedestrianpedestrian paths). This can be accomplished through the use of low bollards, ground level
fixtures, or low wall mounts.
6. LightsLights for purelyLights for purely decorative or accent purposes should notLights for purely decorat
thethe subject property and, if on the landward side, shallthe subject property and, if on the landward sid
The up-lights should not be used.
7. HigHighHigh intensity lighting, such as that proposed for roadways, should utilize shielded low
pressurepressure sodium (LPS). The numberpressure sodium (LPS). The number of fixtures should be
bebe positioned and mounted inbe positioned and mounted in a manner such thatbe positioned and moun
surface of thesurface of the fixture is not visible from any point on the nesting beach. surface of the fixtu
fromfrom these fixtures should not directlyfrom these fixtures should not directly or indirecfrom these
other than LPS, should be shielded full-cut off fixtures using 100-watt maximum.
8. LightingLighting in parking areas thatLighting in parking areas that are visible from anyLighting in parking a
intensityintensity lighting. The lightingintensity lighting. The lighting should be set on a base which raise
higherhigher thanhigher than 48 inches off the ground, andhigher than 48 inches off the ground, and sho
pointpoint source of light or any reflective surface of the light fixture ispoint source of light or any reflective
onon the nesting beach.on the nesting beach. Theon the nesting beach. The light emanating from such
illuminate the nesting beach.
9. ParkingParking lots and roadwParking lots and roadways, includParking lots and roadways, including
vehiclesvehicles will operate, should be designed or positioned such that vehicular headlivehicles will o
notnot cast light toward or onto the nesting not cast light toward or onto the nesting beanot cast light t
other ground-level barriers should be utilized to meet this objective.
10. MinimalMinimal temporary lighting dMinimal temporary lighting during Minimal temporary lighting durin
turtle nesting seasonturtle nesting season (May 1 -turtle nesting season (May 1 - October 31) should on
lightslights should be completely shielded andlights should be completely shielded and low-mounted. Low
wattagewattage yellow "bug" type bulbs (50-watt or less)wattage yellow "bug" type bulbs (50-watt or less
directly or indirectly illuminate any area of the nesting beach.
11. Light fixtures usingLight fixtures using natural gas as the light source should notLight fixtures using natu
on the seaward or sides of structures.
12. TintedTinted glass or window film that meets a transTinted glass or window film that meets a transm
outside transmittance) should be utilized on all windows and glass doors visible from any
point on the nesting beach (this could include the sides of structures).
*Based*Based on the FDEP and FWC/OPSM*Based on the FDEP and FWC/OPSM Coastal Construction Control Line Guidelines to Redu

1601 Balboa Avenue
Panama City, Florida 32405
(850) 769-0552
Fax (850) 763-2177
http://panamacity.fws.gov
Panama City FO:L.Patrick:lap:lp:7-23-03:850-769-0552x229:c:lorna1\T&E\seaturtles\sea turtles & lights.wpd

Beachfront Lighting Guide

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Beachfront Lighting Guide

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A Guide to

Sea Turtle Lighting

Photo by Shirley Brown

Robbin Trindell, Ph.D

Lorna Patrick (NW Florida)

Use with 480 lumens or

Use models that only

Canister Light – Ambiance wall mount

Thomas Lighting and Progress Lighting

Progress: Canister wall or ceiling

Black polymer Aluminum, powder coated finish

Without the shield—light

With the shield—light goes

Total: $4.75 each

*The aluminum flashing can be purchase from hardware

Canister Light – Ambiance wall mount

Thomas Lighting and Progress Lighting

Progress: Canister wall or ceiling

Black polymer Aluminum, powder coated finish

Recessed ceiling fixtures should

Use with 40-watt or less bug bulbs

These are GE compact fluorescents with the special

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

chris @ turtles afelighting.com

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

chris @ turtles afelighting.com

• Provides filtering to recommended turtle-friendly

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

chris @ turtles afelighting.com

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

chris @ turtles afelighting.com

• Provides filtering to recommended turtle-friendly

Turtle Sa fe Lighting lamps (light bulbs) and filters are only

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

Turtle Safe Lighting, LLC

chris @ turtles afelighting.com

CM851 Series Project/Location Type

• 12,000 Lumens (165 Watt) 16" x 16"

9245 W. IVANHOE ST., SCHILLER PARK, IL 60176

LSI test # 18102 CM851-QL-85W-120-WH-DP LSI test # 18101 CM851-QL-85W-120-WH-93

Rm. Percentage=20% 500 Rm. Percentage=20% 350

Room Cavity Ratio

9245 W. IVANHOE ST., SCHILLER PARK, IL 60176

Wall Mount Cat. No. DP

Options Drop Pyramidal Lens

9245 W. IVANHOE ST., SCHILLER PARK, IL 60176

LSI test # 16042 CM1616-IND-ICE-150W-277-B2 LSI test # 16041 CM1616-IND-ICE-150W-277-B2

Rm. Percentage=20% Rm. Percentage=20% 1200

Room Cavity Ratio

LSI test # 18501 CM1616-TTT-(2)70W-EB-DS

Zonal Lumen Summary Candela Summary: CP Curve and Table

9245 W. IVANHOE ST., SCHILLER PARK, IL 60176

CM2424 Series Project/Location Type

Wall Mount Options

Lamp Quantity & Wattage listed below

* means Backbox Required.