No. 90 Ship Structure Access Manual No. 90: (Cont) (Oct 2005) (Rev.1 Apr 2019)
No. 90 Ship Structure Access Manual No. 90: (Cont) (Oct 2005) (Rev.1 Apr 2019)
No. 90 Ship Structure Access Manual No. 90: (Cont) (Oct 2005) (Rev.1 Apr 2019)
90
This access manual provides for safe conduct of overall and close-up inspections and
thickness measurements on a regular basis throughout ship’s operational life, and gives
necessary information and instructions for that purpose, under the provisions of SOLAS
regulation II-1/3-6 adopted by resolution MSC.134(76) as amended by resolution
MSC.151(78) and the Technical provisions for means of access for inspections adopted by
resolution MSC.133(76) as amended by resolution MSC.158(78).
Contents
No.
90 Preamble
(cont)
Part I Manual for Safe Access
1 General Information
1.1 Ship Particular
1.2 Tank Arrangement
3 Definitions
4 Access Plans
5 Instructions
5.1 Instructions for Use of Means of Access
5.2 Instructions for Inspection and Maintenance of Means of Access
5.3 Instructions for Rigging and Use of Portable Means of Access
5.4 Instructions for Safety Rafting
5.5 Instructions for Use of Portable Platforms
5.6 Instructions for Use of Staging
5.7 Instructions for Use of Wire Lift Platform
5.8 Instructions for Use of Hydraulic Arm Vehicles
Appendix 1 [Prepared for each ship appropriately, e.g., Plans for Access to the under
deck structures within No.x Cargo Tanks (P/S)]
Ships should be designed and built with due consideration as to how they will be surveyed by
flag State inspectors and classification society surveyors during their in-service life and how
the crew will be able to monitor the condition of the ship. Without adequate access, the
structural condition of the ship can deteriorate undetected and major structural failure can
arise. A comprehensive approach to design and maintenance is required to cover the whole
projected life of the ship.
2.1 General
2.1.1 Permanent means of access provided for the ship do not give access to all areas
required to be surveyed and measured. It is necessary that all areas outside of reach
(i.e., normally beyond hand’s reach) of the permanent means of access can be accessed
by alternative means in combination with the permanent means of access, including
those specified by the ESP Code, as amended. Critical structural areas, if necessary,
also can be accessed by appropriate means of access.
2.1.2 Such means of access are described as shown in section 4. However other access
arrangements including innovative means may be accepted in lieu of the arrangement
described in the manual, based on case-by-case acceptance with the Classification
Society prior to the survey.
2.1.3 Where movable means of access are supplied by a shore-based provider, it should be
noted that the confirmation of suitability for the purpose and its safe and adequate use
should be made by the Owner based on recorded maintenance and inspection regime by
the provider of the equipment. It should be also noted that the surveyor has the right to
reject movable means of access if not satisfied with the documentation or condition of
the equipment.
2.1.4 Where the Ship Safety Management System specifies handling/operation of means of
access, reference to these documents should be made in the access manual.
2.2.1 Critical structural areas are locations which have been identified from calculations to
require monitoring or from the service history of similar or sister ships to be sensitive to
cracking, buckling or corrosion which would impair the structural integrity of the ship, and,
for this ship, are listed as follows:
2.2.2 Where monitoring other locations are deemed as necessary from the service history
of this ship, or similar or sister ships, such locations should be added to the above list.
2.4.1 Any changes of the permanent, portable, movable or alternative means of access
within the scope of this manual are subject to review and approval / re-approval by the
Administration or by the organization recognized by the Administration. An updated copy
of the approved manual is to be kept on board. For the approval / re-approval, it should
be demonstrated that such means of access provides the required access.
2.4.2 Notwithstanding the provisions of 2.4.1, replacing portable means of access with
similar portable means which would give an equivalent safety and accessibility, might not
require the approval / re-approval, subject to being recorded in the access manual and
review by the Administration or by the organization recognized by the Administration at a
periodical survey after such change.
3 Definitions
3.1 Portable means of access are means that generally may be hand carried by the crew e.g.
ladders, small platforms and staging. Portable means specified as part of the Ship
Structure Access Manual should be carried onboard the ship throughout the duration of
the validity of the relevant access manual.
3.2 Movable means of access may include devices like a cherry picker, wire lift platforms,
rafts or other means. Unless otherwise specified in the Technical Provisions (TP) or UI
SC191, as amended, such means need not necessarily be kept on board or capable of
being operated by the ship’s crew. However arrangements for the provision of such
means should be addressed during survey planning. Movable means of access should
be included in the Ship Structure Access Manual to designate the extent of access to the
structural members to be surveyed and measured.
3.3 Alternative means of access is a term within SOLAS II-1/3-6 and TP for portable or
movable means of access provided for the survey and thickness measurements of hull
structure in areas otherwise not accessible by permanent means of access. For the
purpose of this manual, alternative means of access include supplementary or additional
means to provide necessary access for surveys and thickness measurements in
accordance with SOLAS II-1/3-6.
3.4 Approved means that the construction and materials of the means of access and any
3.6 Authorized person is a specified Company person using the means of access that should
assume the role of inspector and check for obvious damage prior to using the access
arrangements. Whilst using the means of access the inspector should verify the
condition of the sections used by close up examination of those sections and note any
deterioration in the provisions. Should any damage or deterioration be found, the effect
of such deterioration should be assessed as to whether the damage or deterioration
affects the safety for continued use of the means of access. Deterioration found that is
considered to affect safe use should be determined and measures should be put in place
to ensure that the affected section(s) should not be further used prior effective repair.
3.7 Rung means the step of a vertical ladder or step on the vertical surface.
3.8 Tread means the step of an inclined ladder or step for the vertical access opening.
3.10 Ballast tank is a tank which is used for water ballast and includes side ballast tanks,
ballast double bottom spaces, topside tanks, hopper side tanks and peak tanks.
3.11 An overall survey is a survey intended to report on the overall condition of the hull
structure and determine the extent of close-up surveys.
3.12 A close-up survey is a survey where the details of structural components are within the
close visual inspection range of the surveyor, i.e., normally within reach of hand.
3.13 Transverse section includes all longitudinal members such as plating, longitudinals and
girders at the deck, side and bottom, inner bottom and hopper side plating, longitudinal
bulkheads, and bottom plating in top wing tanks.
3.14 Representative spaces are those, which are expected to reflect the condition of other
spaces of similar type and service and with similar corrosion prevention systems. When
selecting representative spaces account should be taken of the service and repair history
on board and identifiable critical and/or suspect areas.
3.15 Suspect areas are locations showing substantial corrosion and/or are considered by the
surveyor to be prone to rapid wastage.
3.16 Substantial corrosion is an extent of corrosion such that assessment of corrosion pattern
indicates wastage in excess of 75% of allowable margins, but within acceptable limits.
3.19 Critical structural areas are locations, which have been identified from calculations to
require monitoring or from the service history of the subject ship or from similar or sister
ships to be sensitive to cracking, buckling or corrosion, which would impair the structural
integrity of the ship.
4 Access Plans
[Prepared appropriately]
4.1 Plans showing the means of access to the space (including openings for introducing
portable means), with appropriate technical specifications and dimensions are as shown in
appendixes X.
4.2 Plans showing the means of access within each space to enable an overall inspection
to be carried out, with appropriate technical specifications and dimensions are as shown in
appendixes X.
4.3 Plans showing the means of access within the space to enable close-up inspections
to be carried out and necessary alternative means to be deployed. For any alternative means
carried on board, appropriate technical specifications and dimensions are as shown in
appendixes X.
5 Instructions
5.1.1 All persons using the means of access arrangements should study the instructions for
safety in the access manual so as to gain adequate knowledge of the arrangements for
the space(s) to be inspected prior to the use. Appropriate personal protective equipment
must be available, if required.
5.1.2 Any recorded deficiencies to the means of access for the space(s) to be inspected
should be considered. Any section with significant damage is not to be used.
5.1.3 It is recognized that climbing may be used by surveyors during surveys but is not
accepted as an alternative means of access. When climbing the structures within tanks
is necessary during surveys, the surface of the structures should be free of oil, sludge
and mud and relatively dry to the satisfaction of the surveyor so that a good firm, non-slip
footing maybe obtained.
5.2.1 Verification of means of access including portable equipment and their attachment is
part of periodical surveys for continued effectiveness of the means of access in that
No. space which is subject to the survey. After a space has been ventilated, cleaned and
illuminated for the survey, an inspection of means of access should be carried out by the
90 crew and/or an authorized person.
(cont)
5.2.2 Periodical inspections of means of access should be carried out by the crew and/or an
authorized person as a part of regular inspection and maintenance, at intervals, which
are determined taking into account any corrosive atmosphere that may be within the
space.
5.2.3 Any authorized person using the means of access should assume the role of
inspector and check for obvious damage prior to using the access arrangements. Whilst
using the means of access the inspector should verify the condition of the sections used
by close up examination of those sections and note any deterioration in the provisions.
Should any damage or deterioration be found, the effect of such deterioration should be
assessed as to whether the damage or deterioration affects the safety for continued use
of the access. Deterioration found that is considered to affect safe use should be
determined as “substantial damage” and measures should be put in place to ensure that
the affected section(s) are not to be further used prior to completing effective repair.
5.2.4 Periodical surveys of any space that contains means of access should include
verification of the continued effectiveness of the means of access in that space. Usually,
survey of the means of access is not expected to exceed the scope and extent of the
survey being undertaken. If the means of access is found deficient the scope of survey
should be extended if this is considered appropriate.
5.2.5 Records of all inspections should be established based on the requirements detailed
in the ships Safety Management System. The records should be readily available to
persons using the means of access and a copy attached to the access manual. The
latest record for the portion of the means of access inspected should include as a
minimum the date of the inspection, the name and title of the inspector, a confirmation
signature, the sections of means of access inspected, verification of continued
serviceable condition or details of any deterioration or substantial damage found. A file of
permits issued should be maintained for verification.
5.2.6 Where movable means of access are supplied by a shore-based provider, the
confirmation of its safe and adequate use should be made based on recorded
maintenance and inspection regime by the provider of the equipment. Cognizance
should be taken of the complexity of the equipment when making the judgment on the
periodicity of inspections and thoroughness of maintenance by the provider of equipment.
5.2.7 The maintenance of all means of access should be in accordance with the Ships
Safety Management System.
5.3 Instructions for the Rigging and Use of Portable Means of Access
5.3.1 Portable ladders should rest on a stable, strong, suitably sized, immobile footing so
that the rungs remain horizontal. Suspended ladders should be attached in a manner so
that they cannot be displaced and so that swinging is prevented. Step ladders, hanging
ladders and ladders more than 5 m long may only been utilized if fitted with a mechanical
device to secure the upper end of the ladder. Portable ladders should be maintained free
of oil, grease and other slipping hazards.
5.3.2 The feet of portable ladders should be prevented from slipping during use by securing
the stiles at or near their upper and lower ends, by any anti-slip device or by other
No. arrangements of equivalent effectiveness. Unless otherwise stated in its specification or
unless provided with appropriate securing means, the ladder should be raised at an
90 angle of approximately 70 degrees.
(cont)
5.3.3 When portable ladders are used on top of inner bottom or on deep stringers, the
falling height should generally not exceed 6 m. Suitable attachment points for securing
safety harnesses should be provided. If it is necessary to exceed this height:
there should be at least 3 m of water above the highest structural element in the
bottom to provide a “cushion”;
a suitable safety harnesses or safety rafting should be considered; and
and personal floating devices (PFD) should be used.
The free falling height above the water surface should not exceed 6 m.
5.3.4 Portable ladders should be arranged and rigged to support at least four times the
maximum intended load.
5.3.5 When climbing ladders in tanks containing water, personnel should wear flotation aids.
A floatation aid is a simple form of lifejacket, which does not impede climbing, or a self-
inflatable lifejacket.
5.3.6 Aluminum ladders may be used in cargo tanks, but should not be stored in the cargo
area or other gas dangerous spaces.
5.3.7 The securing of the equipment, its operation and training in use should be in
accordance with the Ships Safety Management System.
5.4.1 Surveys of tanks or spaces by means of rafts or boats may only be undertaken with
the agreement of the attending surveyor(s), who is to take into account the safety
arrangements provided, including weather forecasting and ship response in reasonable
sea conditions. Appropriate safety measures, including the following, should be taken by
the authorized person prior to survey to the satisfaction of the attending surveyor(s).
5.4.2 When rafts or boats will be used for close-up survey the following conditions should
be observed:
(1) Only rough duty, inflatable rafts or boats, having satisfactory residual buoyancy
and stability even if one chamber is ruptured, should be used;
(2) The boat or raft should be tethered to the access ladder and an additional person
should be stationed down the access ladder with a clear view of the boat or raft;
(3) Appropriate lifejackets should be available for all participants;
(4) The surface of water in the tank should be calm (under all foreseeable conditions
the expected rise of water within the tank should not exceed 0.25 m) and the water
level either stationary or falling. On no account should the level of the water be
rising while the boat or raft is in use;
(5) The tank or space must contain clean ballast water only. When a thin sheen of oil
on the water is observed, further testing of the atmosphere should be done to
ensure that the tank or space is safe for entering;
(6) For rafting of cargo tanks, at no time should the upside of the boat or raft be
allowed to be within 1 m of the deepest under deck web face flat so that the survey
team is not isolated from a direct escape route to the tank hatch. Filling to levels
above the deck transverses should only be contemplated if a permanent means of
access, as per paragraph 5.4.3.2, below, is provided. For bulk cargo holds
designed for filling of water (e.g. ballast holds) and where filling up to a height not
No. less than 2 m below top of side frames is permitted (e.g. air draft holds), rafting
may be utilized in lieu of permanent means of access to side frames (ref. TP Table
90 2 - 1.8) provided the structural capacity of the hold is sufficient to withstand static
(cont) loads at all levels of water needed to survey the side shell frames; and
(7) If the tanks (or spaces) are connected by a common venting system, or inert gas
system, the tank in which the boat or raft is to be used should be isolated to
prevent a transfer of gas from other tanks (or spaces).
5.4.3 In addition to the above, rafts or boats alone may be allowed for close-up survey of
the under deck areas for tanks or spaces if the depth of the webs are 1.5 m or less. If the
depth of the webs is more than 1.5 m, rafts or boats alone may be allowed only:
(1) when the coating of the under deck structure, as evaluated from a safe distance
(see 5.4.2(6), is in GOOD condition and there is no evidence of wastage; or
(2) if a permanent means of access is provided in each bay to allow safe entry and exit.
This means:
(a) access direct from the deck via a vertical ladder and a small platform about 2
m below the deck; or
(b) access to deck from a longitudinal permanent platform having ladders to deck
in each end of the tank. The platform should, for the full length of the tank, be
arranged in level with, or above, the maximum water level needed for rafting of
under deck structure. For this purpose, the ullage corresponding to the
maximum water level should be assumed to be not more than 3 m from the
deck plate measured at the midspan of deck transverses and in the middle
length of the tank.
5.4.4 Safety Meetings should be held prior to entering the tank or space and regularly
during the survey on board for ensuring the following:
(1) the establishment of proper preparation and the close co-operation between the
attending surveyor(s) and the company’s representatives onboard prior to and
during the survey are an essential part in the safe and efficient conduct of the
survey; and
(2) applicable safety procedures and responsibilities should be discussed and agreed
to ensure that the survey is carried out under controlled conditions.
5.4.6 The organization for the surveys by the means of rafting, its operation and training in
use should be in accordance with the Ships Safety Management System.
No.
5.5 Instructions for Use of Portable Platforms (if, applicable)
90
(cont) 5.5.1 Portable platforms should not be more than 3 m in length.
5.5.2 Safety measures, including ensuring that portable platforms are safely secured and
supported prior to use, should be taken by the authorized person prior to survey to the
satisfaction of the attending surveyor(s).
5.5.3 The rigging of the equipment, its operation and training in use should be in
accordance with the Ships Safety Management System.
5.6.1 Appropriate safety measures should be taken by the authorized person prior to survey
to the satisfaction of the attending surveyor(s).
5.6.3 Where specifically designed staging is carried on board as a part of the means of
access listed in Ship Structure Access Manual, the rigging of the equipment, its
operation and training in use should be in accordance with the Ships Safety
Management System.
5.7.1 Safety measures, including the following, should be taken by an authorized person
prior to survey to the satisfaction of the attending surveyor(s):
(1) Rigging of wires should be in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations
and conducted by suitably qualified riggers;
(2) Fix points to which the wires will be connected should be examined before each
use and verified as in good condition (free of wastage, fractures, etc.); and
(3) Means should be provided for using fall protection with a lifeline that can be tended
from above the platform.
5.7.2 The rigging of the equipment, its operation and training in use should be in
accordance with the Ships Safety Management System.
5.8.1 The vehicle should be operated by qualified personnel and evidence should be
No. provided that the vehicle has been properly maintained by a shore-based provider. The
standing platform should be fitted with anchor points for attaching fall arrest systems. For
90 those vehicles provided with a self-leveling platform, care should be taken that the
(cont) locking device is engaged after completion of maneuvering to ensure that the platform is
fixed.
5.8.2 Safety measures, including the following, should be taken by an authorized person prior
to survey to the satisfaction of the attending surveyor(s):
(1) Lift controls, including safety devices should be serviceable and should be
operated throughout the range prior to use;
(2) Operators should be trained;
(3) The equipment range of use should be agreed with the operator before using the
equipment;
(4) Operators should work within the basket;
(5) Body belts (such as harnesses) with lanyards should be used;
(6) Permissible load and reach limitations should not be exceeded;
(7) Brakes should be set; outriggers used, if so equipped; and wheels chocked; if on
incline;
(8) Unless designed otherwise, aerial lift trucks should not be moved when the boom
is elevated in a working position with workers in the basket;
(9) Upper and lower controls should be required and should be plainly marked. Lower
controls should be capable of overriding the upper controls;
(10) Special precautions should be made to ensure the vessel and the lifting device are
stable when aerial lifts are used on vessels (for example barges, floats);
(11) Personal flotation devices (PFD) should be used when working over water; and
(12) Caution should be taken for potential crushing hazards (for example booming into
the overhead, pinch point).
5.8.3 The operation and training in the use of this type of equipment should be in
accordance with the Ships Safety Management System.
No. Appendix 1
90
(cont) Plans for Access to the under deck structures within No.x Cargo Tanks (P/S)
(example)
Appendix
No. Top Side Tank, Bilge Hopper Tank and Cargo Hold (Hold Frames)
(example)
90
(cont)
Notes:
1. Before use, the top of the ladder located in the top wing tank should be secured to
ensure sufficient support of the ladder towards the deck longitudinals.
2. Where ladders used at relatively small angle (e.g., less than 45 degrees) such as
those prepared for the use on the hopper tank sloping plate (see the folding type
ladder in the following figure), steps of such ladders are assumed designed in such
a way that a safe walkway is provided. For such ladders of more than 5 m in
length, handrail should be provided.
90
(cont) [Prepared appropriately]
ID Type Dimensions Applicable Number/Storage Note
spaces
L1 Portable 5m All spaces 2 sets / No.1 Deck Store See the attached maker’s
ladder specification.
L2 Portable 4m All spaces 1 set / No.1 Deck Store SG mark by Consumer Product
ladder Safety Association, Japan
See the attached maker’s
specification.
L3 Portable 3m All spaces 1 set / No.1 Deck Store SG mark by Consumer Product
ladder 1 set / Boatswain Store Safety Association, Japan
See the attached maker’s
specification.
L4 Folding 18 m Cargo holds 3 sets / No.2 Deck Store See the attached maker’s
type specification.
ladder
[Prepared appropriately]
Note: The record for the portion of the means of access inspected should
include as a minimum the date of the inspection, the name and title of the inspector,
a confirmation signature, the sections of means of access inspected, verification of
continued serviceable condition or details of any deterioration or substantial
damage found.
[Prepared appropriately]
End of
Document