Landscape M Study

COMPONENTS OF GARDEN (TREES, SHRUBS,
SHRUBBERY, CLIMBERS AND CREEPERS,

FLOWER BEDS AND BORDERS, ORNAMENTAL
HEDGES, EDGES, DRIVES, ROADS, WALK AND
PATHS)
INTRODUCTION
• Gardening is the practice of growing and

cultivating plants as part of horticulture.
• This includes trees, shrubs and
shrubberies, climbers and creepers, flower
beds and borders, ornamental hedges,
edges, drives, roads, walks and paths etc.
TREES
• A tree is a perennial plant with an elongated
stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves
in most specie, they give a mass effect and
beautiful look to the localities.
• The cultivation of tree is called arboriculture.
• The place where trees are grown either for
landscaping or for scientific study is known as
arboretum.
SELECTION OF TREES
• Various forms of ornamental trees are:
 Columnar/erect tree: is good for planting in narrow side
yards. They are good on either sides of an entrance.
E.g.: Polyalthia pendula [false ashoka]
 Global /oval shaped tree: have almost clipped
appearance & add formal touch to the landscape. Eg.
Thuja occientalis [northern white-cedar or eastern
arborvitae]
• Vase shaped trees: look beautiful with their grey
branches. Many of the deciduous trees are vase-
shaped. Eg: Pithecolobium saman [rain tree].
• Pyramid shaped trees: look better when planned in such
a way as to provide a distinct view from the lawns. Eg:
Araucaria bidwillii [monkey’s puzzle tree]
• Weeping/pendulous trees: have drooping branches &
flower spikes are always a favorite in a house garden.
Make charming features on lawn edge. Eg: Cassia
fistula [golden rain tree, canafistula]
SHRUBS AND SHRUBBERY
• Shrubs play a major role in landscape. Shrubs
are much branched woody perennials & has
several branches arising from the base.
• Shrubs are smaller than trees and require less
space than trees. They look like bushes in
garden.
• In natural designs, shrubs are planted usually in
the corners of gardens.
• In informal gardens, the shrubs are not at all
trimmed, but in formal gardens, they are trimmed
at regular intervals to a particular height.
• They form a boarder on the sides of footpath.
Usually only one species is grown to form a
boarder.
• Shrubs are not grown for shade. Structurally,
they provide bulk & mass in the landscape .
• According to the size, shrubs may be
classified into three:
o Small
o Medium
o Large
• Small and medium sized shrubs are suitable to
traditional uses.
• Large species fit best in commercial landscapes.
• e.g. Calliandra species
Gardenia jasminoides
Nerium indicum etc.
SHRUBBERY
In formal gardens, the shrub
boarder is created with more than
two kinds of shrubs. Such a
shrubby growth is called
shrubbery.
CLIMBERS
• A climber is an annual or perennial herb or
shrub with special structures to climb over
a support.
• A good supporter is necessary to enable
the climber to crawl up the pillar or any
other structure to reach & spread uniformly.
CREEPERS
• Creeping plants or "creepers" are generally considered to be small,
viny plants that grow close to the ground (they are sometimes referred
to as "procumbent," as well).
• In cases where their vines are long enough and you wish to have them
climb a structure, they need to be artificially guided and secured to a
support (trained), if they are to achieve any significant height (in this
sense they differ from "climbers," which represent another class of
vine).
• For example, you could tie the vines to the structure loosely with
twine. Even some plants that tend naturally to grow more upright often
need such help.
FLOWER BED
• Dense growth of herbaceous annuals producing beautiful
flowers in a small compartment is called flower bed.
• It look like flower carpet over the ground.
• The flower beds are made along the foundation of buildings or
sides of paths.
• In large gardens they are grown in outward stretches of lawns.
• Eg; Ipomoea, Kochia, Petunia, Zinnia etc
BORDERS
• Narrow flower beds with more length and width are called
borders.
• Heterogeneous plants are grown in borders.
• Eg: Phlox, Viola etc.
• If herbaceous plants are grown they are called herbaceous
border.
• If shrubs are grown as border then it is known as shrub border.
• If two or more species make up the border then it is known as
mixed border.
ORNAMENTAL HEDGES
• A "hedge" is a wall composed of plants. Some
are purely decorative, while others serve
primarily a practical function. Hedge plants used
decoratively are often trimmed to precise sizes
and shapes and
include evergreen and deciduous shrubs. Such
shrubs may also serve the practical function of
affording a property some security.
• Plants in hedges are frequently pruned to maintain a
height of 50-100cm.
• They helps to keep the trespassing animals away.
• It helps in partitioning two compounds or a huge garden
into small sectors.
• Hedges do not need special attention but proper
watering, occasional weeding & timely trimming are
essential to maintain a well set hedge.
• Eg: Thevetia nerifolia, Divi divi, Casuarina, Polyalthia
etc.
EDGES
• Edges are used for dividing individual beds from one another or
around the beds side of the paths, for giving lining to a lawn or
for separating beds from foot path.
• Edges can be made of living and non living components
• Non living edges are made up of brick, stone, cement blocks,
pebbles, shells, bamboo posts etc.
• The charm of a live edge with herbaceous plants and
shrubberies trimmed neatly to a suitable design is incomparable.
DRIVES, ROADS, WALK AND PATHS
• All these should occupy in minimum space and not be too many
in number.
• They serves to link one part of the garden with other part of the
garden.
• Paths may be made up of pebble, brick, concrete or be paved.
• Paving can be done by flat stones or concrete slab or brick
• The interspace can be planted with ground spreads.
• Drives and paths are prime features of any
garden.
• Providing access and parking, drives can be
constructed from a wide variety of materials
including permeable paving blocks, gravel,
ground reinforcement mesh or unit.
• There are different kinds of paths like stone
path, cement path etc.
DRIVES
PATHS
GROUND SPREADER
THANK
YOU

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COMPONENTS OF GARDEN (TREES, SHRUBS,

SHRUBBERY, CLIMBERS AND CREEPERS,

• Gardening is the practice of growing and

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