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    What Is The Difference Between LT and HT Motors?

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    Syed Umer
    The document discusses the differences between low tension (LT) and high tension (HT) motors, and provides an example calculation for determining the appropriate cable size for an LT motor. LT motors have a voltage range of 230V-415V, while HT motors are over 1kV. The example calculates cable sizing for a 125kW LT motor at 415V, determining that a 3 core 240mm2 XLPE cable would be suitable after accounting for de-rating factors like temperature, cable grouping, and voltage drop.

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    What Is The Difference Between LT and HT Motors?

    Uploaded by

    Syed Umer
    2K views4 pages
    The document discusses the differences between low tension (LT) and high tension (HT) motors, and provides an example calculation for determining the appropriate cable size for an LT motor. LT motors have a voltage range of 230V-415V, while HT motors are over 1kV. The example calculates cable sizing for a 125kW LT motor at 415V, determining that a 3 core 240mm2 XLPE cable would be suitable after accounting for de-rating factors like temperature, cable grouping, and voltage drop.

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    The document discusses the differences between low tension (LT) and high tension (HT) motors, and provides an example calculation for determining the appropriate cable size for an LT motor. LT motors have a voltage range of 230V-415V, while HT motors are over 1kV. The example calculates cable sizing for a 125kW LT motor at 415V, determining that a 3 core 240mm2 XLPE cable would be suitable after accounting for de-rating factors like temperature, cable grouping, and voltage drop.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    2K views4 pages

    What Is The Difference Between LT and HT Motors?

    Uploaded by

    Syed Umer
    The document discusses the differences between low tension (LT) and high tension (HT) motors, and provides an example calculation for determining the appropriate cable size for an LT motor. LT motors have a voltage range of 230V-415V, while HT motors are over 1kV. The example calculates cable sizing for a 125kW LT motor at 415V, determining that a 3 core 240mm2 XLPE cable would be suitable after accounting for de-rating factors like temperature, cable grouping, and voltage drop.

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    What is the difference between LT and HT Motors?

    Well, as the word LT (Low Tension i.e. Low Voltage) and HT (High Tension i.e. High
    Voltage) or low torque and high torque respectively describe the whole story itself.

    its also depends on the availability of supply voltage, i.e. in USA and EU,

    LT Motors ranges = 230V-415V

    while keep in mind that LT motors need more current than HT motors.

    in other regions, they classified LT Motor under 1kV & HT Motor Over 1kV.

    Now we have to discuss the main topic that’s how to calculate the cable size for motors?

    Cable Size Calculation of 125 KW LT Motor

    Motor KW = 125

    Pf = 0.8, Efficiency = 94%

    System Voltage, V1 = 415

    Cable length = 200 m

    Load Current = P/(1.732xVxPfxEff) —> (P = √3 x Vx I CosΦ = for three phase


    circuits)

    = 125000/(1.732x415x0.8×0.94)

    ~ 230 A

    This is the full load current cable needs to cater in Ideal condition. But in practical situation,
    there are several de-rating factors which need to be considered.

    The current rating given for the cables is defined for ambient temp of 40* C. If the ambient
    temp is greater than that, cable current carrying capacity de-rates.

    Suppose our cable is in Air laid on cable tray,

    Air Temperature in
    20° 25° 30° 35° 40° 45° 50° 55°
    Deg.
    Normal
    1.32 1.25 1.16 1.09 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.80
    PVC
    De-
    Rating HR PVC 1.22 1.17 1.12 1.06 1.00 0.94 0.87 0.80
    factors
    XLPE 1.20 1.16 1.11 1.06 1.00 0.95 0.88 0.82
    Rating factors related to variation in ambient air temperature

    Temperature Correction Factor, K1 when cable is in the Air = 0.88 (for 50* Amb temp &
    XLPE cable)

    Grouping of cables also de-rates cable’s current carrying capacity. If many cables are
    grouped together, they will all heat up. The heat won’t be able to dissipate properly hence it
    will warm up the cable itself and those in its contact. This will raise the temperature further.
    Hence we have to de-rate the current carrying capacity of the cable according to the grouping
    factor.

    Let’s go for worst case scenario, i.e. 3 trays parallel to each other having 9 cables each
    touching to each other.

    No.
    cables per No. of cables
    of No. of
    rack per rack
    racks
    1 2 3 6 9 1 2 3 6 9
    1 1.00 0.98 0.96 0.93 0.92 1.00 0.84 0.80 0.75 0.73
    2 1.00 0.95 0.93 0.90 0.89 1.00 0.80 0.76 0.71 0.69
    3 1.00 0.94 0.92 0.89 0.88 1.00 0.78 0.74 0.70 0.68
    6 1.00 0.93 0.90 0.87 0.86 1.00 0.76 0.72 0.65 0.66

    Cable Grouping Factor (No of Tray Factor), K2 = 0.68 (for 3 trays having 9 cable each)

    Total de-rating factor = K1 x K2

    = 0.88×0.68 = 0.5984

    Let’s select 1.1 KV, 3 core, 240 Sq.mm, Aluminum, XLPE, Armored cable for single run

    Click to enlarge the table


    Technical Details For 1.1 KV, 3 Core, Aluminum/Copper Conductor, XLPE Insulated,
    Armored Cables

    Current capacity of 240 Sq.mm XLPE Armored aluminum cable in Air is 402 Amp

    Total de- rating current of 240


    Sq.mm Cable = 402×0.5984 = 240.55 Amp

    Resistance = 0.162 Ω/Km and


    Reactance = 0.072 Ω /Km

    Estimated Voltage Drops in PVC/XLPE Aluminum Cables For


    A.C. System
    (Voltage drop – Volts/Km/Amps)
    Nominal
    area of
    P.V.C. Cable XLPE Cable
    conductor
    (sq. mm)
    Single Three
    SinglePhase Three System
    Phase Phase
    1.5 43.44 37.62 46.34 40.13
    2.5 29.04 25.15 30.98 26.83
    4 17.78 15.40 18.98 16.44
    6 11.06 9.58 11.80 10.22
    10 7.40 6.41 7.88 6.82
    16 4.58 3.97 4.90 4.24
    25 2.89 2.50 3.08 2.67
    35 2.10 1.80 2.23 1.94
    50 1.55 1.30 1.65 1.44
    70 1.10 0.94 1.15 1.00
    95 0.79 0.68 0.83 0.70
    120 0.63 0.55 0.66 0.56
    150 0.52 0.46 0.55 0.48
    185 0.42 0.37 0.44 0.40
    240 0.34 0.30 0.35 0.30
    300 0.28 0.26 0.30 0.26
    400 0.24 0.22 0.24 0.22
    500 0.23 0.20 0.23 0.20
    630 0.20 0.18 0.21 0.18
    800 0.19 – 0.20 –
    1000 0.18 – 0.18 –

    Voltage drop, V2 = 0.3 Volts/Km/Amp (as per Havell’s brochure)

    = 0.3x217x200/1000

    = 13 V

    Terminal voltage at Motor, V2 = 415-13 = 402 V

    % Drop = (V2 – V1)/(V1)

    = (415 – 402)x100/(415)

    = 3.13%

    To decide 240 Sq.mm cable, cable selection condition should be checked

    1. Cable derating Amp (240.55 Amp)is higher than full load current of load (230 Amp)
    = OK
    2. Cable voltage Drop (3.13%)is less than defined voltage drop (10%) = OK
    3. Cable short circuit capacity (22.56 KA) is higher than system short circuit capacity at
    that point ( X KA) = OK

    240 Sq.mm cable satisfied all three condition, so it is advisable to use 3 Core 240 Sq.mm
    cable.

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