May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.

11-09/0334r80

IEEE P802.11
Wireless LANs

Channel Models for IEEE 802.11ay

Date: 2015-09-12

Author(s):
Name Affiliation Address Phone email
Turgeneva str., 30, +7-831-
alexander.maltsev@
Alexander Maltsev Intel Nizhny Novgorod, 603024, 2969461 intel.com
Russia

Abstract
This document is an amendment to the “Channel Models for 60 GHz WLAN Systems” doc. IEEE 802.11-
09/0334r8. It provides an update of the legacy indoor channel models for the conference room, enterprise
cubicle and living room environments and defines new channel models for IEEE 802.11ay.

Revision History

r0 – Sept. 2015 – Initial version contains high level description of the proposed channel models to be
used in IEEE 802.11ay group.

Submission page 1 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

Table of Contents

1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................3
2 Channel Model Requirements..............................................................................................................3
2.1 TGay Use Cases and Evaluation Scenarios.................................................................................3
2.2 Channel Model Requirements.....................................................................................................4
2.3 Legacy Indoor Channel Models Extension..................................................................................5
2.4 New TGay Channel Models........................................................................................................5
3 MIMO Extension for Legacy Indoor Channel Models........................................................................5
3.1 Conference room.........................................................................................................................5
3.2 Enterprise cubicle........................................................................................................................5
3.3 Home living room.......................................................................................................................5
4 Channel Model for Open Area Outdoor Hotspot Access......................................................................5
4.1 Modelling Scenario.....................................................................................................................5
4.2 Measurement Results and Ray Tracing Modelling......................................................................6
4.3 Model Development Methodology..............................................................................................6
4.4 Channel Model Description.........................................................................................................7
4.5 Model of Dynamical Human Blockage and Doppler Effect........................................................9
4.6 Polarization Impact Modelling....................................................................................................9
4.7 Path Loss Model..........................................................................................................................9
5 Channel Model for Outdoor Street Canyon Hotspot Access................................................................9
5.1 Modelling Scenario.....................................................................................................................9
5.2 Measurement Results and Ray Tracing Modelling....................................................................11
5.3 Model Development Methodology............................................................................................14
5.4 Channel Model Description.......................................................................................................14
5.5 Model of Dynamical Human Blockage and Doppler Effect......................................................18
5.6 Polarization Impact Modelling..................................................................................................18
5.7 Path Loss Model........................................................................................................................18
6 Channel Model for Large Hotel Lobby Scenario...............................................................................19
6.1 Modelling Scenario...................................................................................................................19
6.2 Measurement Results and Ray Tracing Modelling....................................................................20
6.3 Model Development Methodology............................................................................................22
6.4 Channel Model Description.......................................................................................................22
6.5 Model of Dynamical Human Blockage and Doppler Effect......................................................23
6.6 Polarization Impact Modelling..................................................................................................23
6.7 Path Loss Model........................................................................................................................23
7 Channel Model for Street Canyon Backhauling.................................................................................24
7.1 Modelling Scenario...................................................................................................................24
7.2 Measurement Results and Ray Tracing Modelling....................................................................24
7.3 Model Development Methodology............................................................................................24
7.4 Channel Model Description.......................................................................................................24
7.5 Polarization Impact Modelling..................................................................................................24
7.6 Path Loss Model........................................................................................................................24
8 References.........................................................................................................................................25

Submission page 2 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

1 Introduction
The TGay group started development of the new standard enhancing the efficiency and performance of
existing IEEE 802.11ad specification providing Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) connectivity in
60 GHz band. The 11ay effort aims to significantly increase the data transmission rates defined in IEEE
802.11ad from 7 Gbps up to 30 Gbps which satisfies growing demand in network capacity for new coming
applications, [1].
The scope of the considered use cases covers a wide variety of indoor and outdoor applications including
high speed wireless docking connectivity, ultra-short range communications, 8K UHD wireless transfer at
smart home, augmented reality headsets and high-end wearables, data center inter-rack connectivity, mass-
data distribution or video on demand system, mobile offloading and multi-band operation, mobile front-
hauling, and wireless backhaul [2], [3].
This document describes the channel models for 60 GHz WLANs systems based on the results of
experimental measurements. The goal of the document is to support channel modeling for the mentioned
scenarios and assist TGay standardization process. The document provides an extension of the legacy
indoor Single Input Single Output (SISO) channel models for the conference room, living room, and
enterprise cubicle environments proposed in [4] and implemented in [5] for the case of Multiple Input
Multiple Output (MIMO) systems. As well as it describes channel models for new use cases proposed in
TGay.
Similar to the document [4] reference antenna models which may be applied in the beamforming
algorithm to set up a directional link are considered. These are isotropic antenna, basic steerable
directional antenna, Phased Antenna Array (PAA), and large aperture array based on the Modular Antenna
Array (MAA) technology.

2 Channel Model Requirements

2.1 TGay Use Cases and Evaluation Scenarios

TGay proposes a variety of use cases to be used for performance evaluation of the future IEEE 802.11ay
systems, [6]. The summary of the use cases proposed in [2] and supplemented with docking station
scenario proposed in [3] is provided in Table 1.

Table 1: Summary of the proposed use cases in TGay.

# Applications and Propagation

Throughput Topology
Characteristics Conditions
1 Ultra Short Range (USR)
Communications: LOS only, Indoor
~10Gbps P2P
-Static,D2D, <10cm
-Streaming/Downloading
2 8K UHD Wireless Transfer at Indoor, LOS with >28Gbps P2P
Smart Home: small NLOS
-Uncompressed 8K UHD chance, <5m

Submission page 3 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

Streaming
3 Augmented Reality and Virtual
Indoor,
Reality:
LOS/NLOS ~20Gbps P2P
-Low Mobility, D2D
<10m
-3D UHD streaming
4 Data Center NG60 Inter-Rack
Connectivity: Indoor, LOS only P2P
~20Gbps
-Indoor Backhaul with multi- <10m P2MP
hop*
5 Video/Mass-Data
Distribution/Video on Demand
Indoor,
System: P2P
LOS/NLOS >20Gbps
- Multicast P2MP
<100m
Streaming/Downloading
- Dense Hotspots
6 Mobile Wi-Fi Offloading and
Multi-Band Operation (low Indoor/Outdoor,
P2P
mobility): LOS/NLOS >20Gbps
P2MP
-Multi-band/-Multi-RAT Hotspot <100m
operation
7 Outdoor, LOS P2P
Mobile Fronthauling ~20Gbps
<200m P2MP
8 Wireless Backhauling with
Single Hop:
Outdoor, LOS
-Small Cell Backhauling with P2P
<1km ~2 – 20 Gbps
single hop P2MP
<150m
-Small Cell Backhauling with
multi-hop
9 Office docking Indoor LOS/NLOS ~13.2 Gbps P2P
<3m P2MP

As it follows from Table 1 the proposed use cases differ from each other by the throughput, latency, and
topology configuration. Moreover the same use cases can be considered in different propagation
environments.

2.2 Channel Model Requirements

Submission page 4 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

2.3 Legacy Indoor Channel Models Extension

2.4 New TGay Channel Models

3 MIMO Extension for Legacy Indoor Channel Models

3.1 Conference room

3.2 Enterprise cubicle

3.3 Home living room

4 Channel Model for Open Area Outdoor Hotspot Access

The university campus channel model represents the scenario with large open areas with low and rare
buildings like university campus, park areas, city squares.

4.1 Modelling Scenario

Submission page 5 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

Figure Channel Model for Open Area Outdoor Hotspot Access–1: Open Area Outdoor Hotspot Access
Scenario

4.2 Measurement Results and Ray Tracing Modelling

4.3 Model Development Methodology

4.4 Channel Model Description

4.5 Model of Dynamical Human Blockage and Doppler Effect

Submission page 6 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

4.6 Polarization Impact Modelling

4.7 Path Loss Model

5 Channel Model for Outdoor Street Canyon Hotspot Access

The street canyon (outdoor access ultra-high-rate hot-spots) channel model represents typical urban
scenario: city Street with pedestrians’ sidewalks along the tall long buildings. The access link between the
APs on the lampposts and the STAs at human hands is modeled in this scenario

5.1 Modelling Scenario

The geometry of the street canyon access scenario that is used for channel model parameters evaluation
via ray-tracing simulations is shown in Figure Channel Model for Outdoor Street Canyon Hotspot Access–
2. The corresponding numerical parameters are summarized in Table Channel Model for Outdoor Street
Canyon Hotspot Access-2.

Submission page 7 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

Figure Channel Model for Outdoor Street Canyon Hotspot Access–2: Street canyon (outdoor access ultra-
high-rate hot-spots) scenario

Table Channel Model for Outdoor Street Canyon Hotspot Access-2: Street canyon (outdoor access ultra-high-
rate hot-spots) scenario parameters

Parameter Value
AP height, Htx 6m
STA height, Hrx 1.5m
AP distance from nearest wall, Dtx 4.5 m
Sidewalk width 6m
Road width 16 m
Street length 100 m
AP-AP distance, same side 100 m
AP-AP distance, different sides 50 m
Road and sidewalk material asphalt
Road and sidewalk r 4+0.2j
Road and sidewalk roughness σg
0.2 mm
(standard deviation)
Building walls material concrete
Building walls r 6.25+0.3j

Submission page 8 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

Building walls roughness σw

0.5 mm
(standard deviation)

5.2 Measurement Results and Ray Tracing Modelling

5.3 Model Development Methodology

5.4 Channel Model Description

Figure Channel Model for Outdoor Street Canyon Hotspot Access–3: Street canyon (outdoor access ultra-
high-rate hot-spots) scenario reflected rays illustration

5.5 Model of Dynamical Human Blockage and Doppler Effect

5.6 Polarization Impact Modelling

5.7 Path Loss Model

Submission page 9 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

6 Channel Model for Large Hotel Lobby Scenario

The hotel lobby (indoor access large public area) channel model represents typical indoor scenario: large
hall with multiple users within. Similar indoor channel models were considered in the [4], with statistical
approach to the channel modeling, suitable for link layer simulations. The proposed here quasi-
deterministic approach based on the specified STA location and may be used also for the system level
simulations.

6.1 Modelling Scenario

The basic parameters and geometry are summarized in Table Channel Model for Large Hotel Lobby
Scenario-3 and illustrated in Figure Channel Model for Large Hotel Lobby Scenario–4:

Table Channel Model for Large Hotel Lobby Scenario-3: Hotel lobby (indoor access large public area)
scenario parameters

Parameter Value
AP height, Htx 3.5 m
Middle of the nearest wall
AP position (see Figure Channel Model for Large Hotel
Lobby Scenario–4 )
STA height, Hrx 1.5m
Room height 4m
Room width 10 m
Room length 15 m
Floor material Concrete
Floor rf 4 + 0.2j
Floor roughness σf
0.1 mm
(standard deviation)
Walls material Concrete
Walls rw 4 + 0.2j
Walls roughness σw
0.2 mm
(standard deviation)
Ceiling material Plasterboard
Ceiling rc 6.25+0.3j
Ceiling roughness σc
0.2 mm
(standard deviation)

Submission page 10 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

Figure Channel Model for Large Hotel Lobby Scenario–4: Hotel lobby (indoor access large public area)
scenario

6.2 Measurement Results and Ray Tracing Modelling

6.3 Model Development Methodology

6.4 Channel Model Description

6.5 Model of Dynamical Human Blockage and Doppler Effect

6.6 Polarization Impact Modelling

Submission page 11 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

6.7 Path Loss Model

7 Channel Model for Street Canyon Backhauling

7.1 Modelling Scenario

7.2 Measurement Results and Ray Tracing Modelling

7.3 Model Development Methodology

7.4 Channel Model Description

7.5 Polarization Impact Modelling

7.6 Path Loss Model

Submission page 12 Alexander Maltsev, Intel

May 20105 doc.: IEEE 802.11-09/0334r80

8 References
[1] IEEE doc. 802.11-14/0606r0, Next Generation 802.11ad: 30+ Gbps WLAN, C. Cordeiro, et al.,
May 2014.
[2] IEEE doc. 802.11-15/0625r2, IEEE 802.11 TGay Use Cases, Rob Sun, et al., May 2015.
[3] IEEE doc. 802.11-15/0830r0, Docking Usage Model, T. Solomon, July 2015.
[4] IEEE doc. 802.11-9/0334r8, Channel Models for 60 GHz WLAN Systems, A. Maltsev, et al.,
May, 2010.
[5] IEEE doc. 802.11-10/0854r3, Implementation of 60 GHz WLAN Channel Model, R.
Maslennikov and A. Lomayev, May 2010.
[6] IEEE doc. 802.11-15/0866r1, TGay Evaluation Methodology, G. Venkatesan and L. Cariou,
July 2015.
[7] H. Sawada, “Intra-cluster response model and parameter for channel modeling at 60 GHz (Part
3),” IEEE doc. 802.11-10/0112r1, January 2010.

Submission page 13 Alexander Maltsev, Intel