PROBLEM SET

1. The percent rating of water tube boiler is 200%, factor of evaporation is 1.1 and heating
surface area is 300 m2. Find the rate of evaporation.
2. The actual specific evaporation of a certain boiler is 8. Factor of evaporation is 1.15. If
the heating value is 26,000 KJ/kg, find the boiler efficiency.
3. The ASME evaporation units of a boiler is 24,827,500 KJ/hr. The boiler auxiliaries
consume 2.5 MW. What is the net boiler efficiency if the heat generated by fuel is
32,000,000 KJ/hr.
4. A 150,000 kg of coal supplied to two boiler. One has a capacity of 350 kg/hr and the
other boiler has a capacity of 100 kg/hr. How many days to consume the available fuel?
5. A boiler operates at 82.5% efficiency while the mass of steam generated is 995,000 lbs
in 5 hrs. The enthalpy of steam is 1400 BTU/lb and feed is 250 BTU/lb while the fuel
used for boiler has a heating value of 14,850 BTU/lb. Find the mass of fuel needed in
short tons per day.
6. A coal-fired power plant has a turbine-generator rated at 1200 MW gross. The plant
required about 10% of this power for its internal operations. It uses 10,000 tons of coal
per day. The coal has a heating value of 6,500 Kcal/kg and the steam generator
efficiency is 85%. What is the net station efficiency of the plant in percent?
7. Two boilers are operating steadily on 94,000 kg of coal contained in a bunker. One boiler
producing 1600 kg/hr of steam at 1.2 factor of evaporation and efficiency of 60%. How
many hours will the coal in the bunker run the boilers if the heating value is 7,600
Kcal/kg?
8. A typical steam generator with an efficiency of 75% is producing 10 kg/sec of steam. The
enthalpy of the entering water is 125.79 KJ/kg and is superheated to an enthalpy of
3034.8 KJ/kg. The fuel used has heating value of 42150 KJ/kg. The A/F ratio by weight is
14. Determine the amount of air needed in kg/hr.
9. A steam generator evaporated 20,000 kg of water per hour from feed water with
enthalpy of 461.3 KJ/kg of steam with enthalpy of 2706.3 KJ/kg. Coal consumption is
2100 kg/hr. Its heating value as fired is 28,300 KJ/kg. Calculate the boiler horsepower.
10. A diesel power plant consumes 650 li of fuel at 26°C in 24 hrs with 28°API. Find the fuel
rate kg/hr.
11. The following data were obtained in a small power generating plant:
Power developed by the steam turbine = 2800 KW
Heat supplied to the steam turbine generator = 3500 KJ/kg
Heat rejected by the steam to the cooling water in the condenser = 2200 KJ/kg
Power required by the feed water pump to return the condensate to the steam
generator = 12 KW
Determine the mass flow rate of steam in kg/sec.
12. A steam turbine of 6 MW capacity has a Willan’s line equation of m s = 5.5L + 3,200
kg/hr. Determine the steam consumption at 73% load, kg/hr.
13. Steam in Rankine cycle is expanded from a 200 psia saturated vapor state to 20 psia.
The turbine has a efficiency of 0.8. What is the actual enthalpy after expansion?
At 200 psia (saturated vapor): h = 1199.3 BTU/lb, s = 1.5466 BTU/lb-R
At 20 psia: sf = 0.3359 BTU/lb-R, sfg = 1.3963 BTU/lb-R, hf = 196.2 BTU/lb, hfg =
960.2
14. A 150 MW turbo-generator requires 700,000 kgof steam per hour at rated load and
22,000 kg per hour at zero load. Calculate the steam rate in kg/KW-hour at 75% of its
rated load.
15. A 10 MW steam turbine-generator power plant has a full load steam rate of 5.5 kg/KW-
hr. No load steam consumption is around 10% of the full load. Calculate the hourly
steam consumption at half load in kg/hr.
16. A 5-MW steam turbine generator power plant has a full load steam rate of 6.0 kg/KW-
hr. Assuming no load consumption at 10% of the full load. Compute the hourly steam
consumption at 60% load in kg/hr.
17. A boiler uses 2400 kg of coal per hour and air is required for combustion is 15 kg per kg
coal. If ash loss is 10%, determine the mass of gas entering the chimney.
18. The gas density of chimney is 0.75 kg/m3 and air density of 1.167 kg/m3. If the driving
pressure is 0.26 KPa, determine the height of the chimney.
19. The actual velocity of gas entering in a chimney is 5 m/s. The gas temperature is 25°C
and pressure of 97 KPa with a gas constant of 0.287 KH/kg-K. Determine the chimney if
mass of gas is 53,000 kg/hr.
20. A coal fired steam boiler uses 3,000 kg of coal per hour. Air required for combustion is
15.5 kg/kg of coal at barometric pressure of 98.2 KPa. The flue gas has a temperature of
285°C and an average molecular weight of 30. Assuming an ash loss of 11% and
allowable gas velocity of 8.5 m/s, find the diameter of the chimney.
21. The gas density of chimney is 0.75 kg/m3 and air density of 1.15 kg/m3. Find the driving
pressure if the height of chimney is 63.71 m.
22. A steam generator with economizer and air heater has an overall draft loss of 25.78 cm
of water. If the stack gases are at 177°C and if the atmosphere is at 101.3 KPa and 26°C,
what theoretical height of stack in meters is needed when no draft fan are used?
Assume that the gas constant for the flue gases is the same as that of air.
23. An engine-generator rated 9000 KVA at 80% power factor, 3 phase, 4160 V has an
efficiency of 90%. If overall plant efficiency is 28%, what is the heat generated by the
fuel?
24. The indicated thermal efficiency of a two stroke diesel engine is 60%. If friction power is
15% of heat generated, determine the brake thermal efficiency of the engine.
25. A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single acting diesel engine is rated at 150 KW at 260
rpm. Fuel consumption at rated load is 0.56 kg/KW-hr with a heating value of 43,912
KJ/kg. Calculate brake thermal efficiency.
26. Calculate the volumetric flow rate of jacket water to be cooled off in the cooling tower
in L/min for a 4500 hp diesel engine running at 300 rpm with a mechanical efficiency of
83%. Indicated thermal efficiency of 34% and jacket loss of 23%. The water temperature
rise is 18°C.
27. A diesel engine has a 0.6 m x 1.2 m bore and stroke and operates with 5% clearance. For
a power output of 5000 hp and cut-off ratio of 2.5, calculate the rate of heat input in
KW.
28. A waste heat recovery boiler produces 4.8 MPa (dry saturated) steam from 104°C feed
water. The boiler receives energy from 7 kg/sec of 954°C dry air. After passing through a
waste heat boiler, the temperature of the air has been reduced to 343°C. How much
steam in kg is produced per second? Note: At 4.80 MPa dry saturated, h = 2796.
29. During the dynamometer test of an engine for 1 hr steady load, the engine consumes 40
kg fuel having 43,000 KJ/kg heating value. If the torque developed is 2.5 KN-m during
the test at 600 rpm, what is the efficiency of the engine?
30. A 4-stroke Gasoline engine has a bore and stroke of 400 mm x 450 mm running at 750
rpm. If the clearance volume is 0.0527 m3/s, calculate the engine efficiency.
31. A 3 MW diesel engine consumes 240 li of 25°API fuel and generates 900 KW-hr.
Determine the rate of fuel consumed by the engine.
32. A 20 cm x 35 cm diesel engine with 4 cylinders and operating on a four stroke, has a
rated power of 160 KW and is running at 250 rpm. Find the volume displacement per
brake power developed.
33. An engine has a power output of 8.5 hp with 70% efficiency. What will be the kw/hp?
Registered to the meter?
34. A 2500 KW diesel engine unit uses 1 bbl oil per 550 KWH produced. Oil is 25°API.
Efficiency of generator 90%, mechanical efficiency of engine 83%. What is the thermal
efficiency of engine based on indicated power(%)?
35. A single-acting four-cylinder, 4 stroke cycle diesel engine with a bore x stroke of 22 x 28
cm, operating at 375 rpm, consumes 9 kg/h of fuel whose heating value is 43,900 KJ/kg.
The indicated mean effective pressure is 500 KPa. The load on the brake arm, which is
100 cm is 115 kg. What is the brake mean effective pressure in KPa?
36. In a double acting, 2 stroke compression ignition engine, 12-cylinder, the diameter of
the cylinder is 750 mm, stroke is 1450 mm and the piston rod diameter is 240 mm.
When running at 120 rpm, the indicated mean effective pressure above and below the
pistons are 6 bar and 5 bar respectively. Calculate the brake power of the engine with a
mechanical efficiency of 80% in kilowatts.
37. Determine the output power (KW) if a diesel power plant if the engine and generator
efficiency is 80% and 96%, respectively. The engine uses 25°API fuel and has a fuel
consumption of 0.08 kg/s.
38. A four-cylinder, four-stroke Diesel engine with 20 cm bore and 25 cm stroke running at
1000 rpm has a reading of 350 KPa mean effective pressure in the indicator diagram.
Calculate the indicated power generated in KW.
39. A prony brake for measuring the power generated of a six-cylinder, two-stroke diesel
engine running at 2000 rpm indicates a reading of 180 N. The length of the arm of the
prony brake is a 1.25 m. In an hour operation, it consumes 14 kg of fuel with a heating
value of 53,000 KJ/kg. Determine the brake thermal efficiency.
40. The following data are the results on a test of an Otto cycle engine torque = 1200 N-m;
indicated mean effective pressure = 800 kPa, fuel consumption = 0.004 kg/sec; fuel
heating value = 43,516 KJ/kg; bore x stroke = 30 cm x 32 cm; speed = 300 rpm. Calculate
the brake mean effective pressure.
41. A Diesel engine consumed 400 liters of fuel having a density of 860 gms/liter and a
heating value of 42500 KJ/kg. if the thermal efficiency is 35%, how many hp-hrs will be
generated?
42. Determine the brake power of an engine having a brake thermal efficiency of 35% and
uses 25 ºAPI fuel with fuel consumption of 40 kg/hr.
43. A diesel engine develops a torque of 5 KN-m at 1800 rpm. If the brake thermal efficiency
is 31%, find the heat generated by fuel.
44. A 500 KW diesel engine operated at 101.3 Kpa and 27 ºC, what new brake power
developed if mechanical efficiency is 85%.
45. A 50 Bhp blast furnace engine uses fuel with 10 ft² / Bhp-hr. The heating value of the gas
is 33,700 KJ/ m². Determine the brake thermal efficiency.
46. During the dynamometer test of an engine for 1 hr steady load, the engine consumes 40
kg fuel having 44,000 KJ/kg heating value. If the torque developed is 2.5 KN-m during
the test at 600 rpm, what is the brake thermal efficiency?
47. Find the power which a 2.81 MW natural gas engine can developed at an altitude of
1901.2 m taking into consideration the pressure change alone.
48. A waste heat recovery boiler produces 4.8 MPa (dry saturated) steam from 104 ºC
feedwater. The boiler receives energy from 6 kg/s of 954 ºC dry air. After passing
through is waste heat boiler, the temperature of air is has been reduce to 343 ºC. How
much steam in kg/s produced? Note: At 4.80 Mpa dry saturated, h = 2796.
49. A water brake coupled to an engine on test absorbs 90 kW of power. Find the mass flow
of fresh water through the brake, in kg/min if the temperature increases of the water is
12 ºC. Assume all the heat generated is carried away by the cooling water.
50. A 350 hp diesel engine has a cooling water that enters at 100 ºF and leaves at 160 ºF
with cp = 4.19 KJ/kg-K. Find the gallons per minute of water required.
51. A 310 mm x 450 mm four stroke acting diesel engine is rated at 170 KW at280 rpm. Fuel
consumption at rated load is 0.26 kg/KW-hr with a heating value of 43,912 KJ/kg.
Calculate the brake thermal efficiency.
52. A six cylinder, four stroke diesel engine with 76 mm x 89 mm stroke was run in the
laboratory at 1800 rpm, when it was found that the engine torque was 163.5 N-m with
all cylinders firing but 133 N-m when one cylinder was out. The engine consumed 12.5
kg of fuel per hour with a heating value of 52,120 KJ/kg and 252 kg of air at 15.6 ºC per
hour. Determine the indicated power.