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    Shakir Khattak
    1) The total gravitational force on an asteroid located halfway between two spherical stars is to the right and has a magnitude of 4GMm/D^2. 2) A probe released from rest 2R above a planet will hit the surface with a speed of 4GM/3R. 3) If the probe is instead given an initial velocity of GM/4R, its circular orbital speed at that height is √(GM/3R) and the rocket work is +GMm/2R.

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    5655 e 24165 FD 2

    Uploaded by

    Shakir Khattak
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    1) The total gravitational force on an asteroid located halfway between two spherical stars is to the right and has a magnitude of 4GMm/D^2. 2) A probe released from rest 2R above a planet will hit the surface with a speed of 4GM/3R. 3) If the probe is instead given an initial velocity of GM/4R, its circular orbital speed at that height is √(GM/3R) and the rocket work is +GMm/2R.

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    1) The total gravitational force on an asteroid located halfway between two spherical stars is to the right and has a magnitude of 4GMm/D^2. 2) A probe released from rest 2R above a planet will hit the surface with a speed of 4GM/3R. 3) If the probe is instead given an initial velocity of GM/4R, its circular orbital speed at that height is √(GM/3R) and the rocket work is +GMm/2R.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    64 views2 pages

    5655 e 24165 FD 2

    Uploaded by

    Shakir Khattak
    1) The total gravitational force on an asteroid located halfway between two spherical stars is to the right and has a magnitude of 4GMm/D^2. 2) A probe released from rest 2R above a planet will hit the surface with a speed of 4GM/3R. 3) If the probe is instead given an initial velocity of GM/4R, its circular orbital speed at that height is √(GM/3R) and the rocket work is +GMm/2R.

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    of 2

    8.

    01L Fall 2005


    Exam 3 Sample Problems
    Note that some of these problems were from an exam allowing calculators. Your exam will
    not allow calculators.
    Problem 1
    a) Two large spherical stars with masses of M and 2M m
    are positioned a distance D apart (measured from M 2M
    the center of one star to the center of the other
    star) as shown. A small spherical asteroid with D
    mass m is located with its center exactly halfway
    between the two large stars. Find the magnitude and direction of the total
    gravitational force acting on the asteroid. m

    b) A small probe of mass m is released from rest at a distance of 2R


    2R above the surface of a spherical planet of mass M and radius
    R. Find the speed that the probe will have when it hits the
    surface of the planet. Assume that the planet does not have an M
    R
    atmosphere and no forces other than gravity act on the probe.

    c) Assume that the probe is released at the same distance from vo


    m
    the planet but now with a velocity of vo = GM 4R . The probe
    has a rocket which fires to put it into a circular orbit at that 2R
    height. Find the speed the probe would have once it is in the
    circular orbit and, using that, find the work done by the
    rocket. Assume that, at all times, the probe is at the same M
    R
    distance from the planet and that there are no forces acting
    on the probe other than the planet’s gravity and the rocket.

    Extra Credit Question This question may require a lot of thought for the points
    available. Try it only if you have finished with all other problems
    d) Redo part (b) but assuming that the planet is a hollow shell and that the probe falls
    through a hole in the shell. Find the speed of the probe when it gets to the center of
    the hollow shell. Explain your answer.
    Problem 2
    a) An object of mass, M=2 kg, is attached to a spring of spring
    spring constant k=50 N/m which is compressed a k
    uncompressed
    distance d=20 cm and then released at rest. Find the M
    speed of the object when it has gone past the point
    where the spring is uncompressed and now the d
    spring is stretched a distance of 10 cm. Assume that
    the mass is moving on a horizontal, frictionless
    surface.
    b) Write an equation for the position of the mass as a function of time with t=0 being the
    instant that the mass was first released from rest. Use this equation to find out how
    long it takes the mass to get from the initial point with the spring compressed by 20 cm
    to the point where the spring is stretched by 10 cm. (Hint: Think carefully about the
    units of ω when doing the trig functions on your calculator.)
    c) Write an equation for the velocity as a function of time, using the same definition of
    t=0 as in part (b). Use this equation to find the velocity (magnitude and direction)
    when the time is t = 3T 4 where T is the period of motion of the mass on the spring.
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Department of Physics

    Physics 8.01L

    SAMPLE EXAM 3 SOLUTIONS December 4, 2005

    Problem 1
    GMm 4GMm G(2M)m 8GMm
    a)Flef t = (D/2) 2 = D2 , Fright = (D/2)2 = D2

    FT OT = Fright − Flef t = 8GMm


    D2 − 4GMm

    D2
    FT OT = 4GMm
    D2 , to the right.

    b) Mechanical energy is conserved.


    P EI + KEI = P EF + KEF ⇒ −GMm 3R +0= −GMm
    R + 12 mv 2
    1 2 GM 2GM 2 4GM
    2 v = −GM
    + = ⇒ v =
    � 3R R 3R 3R
    v = 4GM3R

    2
    �
    c) For a circular orbit at distance 3R: m 3vR = GMm
    (3R)2 ⇒ v = GM
    3R
    Wrocket = ΔE, ΔP E = 0, because always at the same distance.
    Wrocket = KEF − KEI = 12 mvF2 − 21 mvI2 = 12 m GM 1 GM GMm 1 1
    �
    3R − 2 m 4R = R 6 − 8)
    GMm
    Wrocket = + 24R

    d) Force = 0 inside shell ⇒ P E = constant�


    ⇒ KE = constant.
    4GM
    ⇒ Answer is the same as for part (b), v = 3R .

    Problem 2
    a) Mechanical energy is conserved.
    1 1 1
    � d �2 � �2
    2 2
    2 kd �+ 0 =�2 mv + 2 k 2 , mv 2 = k(d2 − d2 ) = 34 kd2
    �
    3k
    v= 4m d, v = 0.87m/s
    �
    k
    b)X = Acos(ωt), A = 0.2 m, ω = m = 5 rad
    sec
    , −0.1 = 0.2cos(5t), cos(5t) = −0.5
    2π 2π

    5t = 3 , t= 15 = 0.42s.

    c) v = −Aωsin(ωt), T = 2π 3 6π
    ω ⇒ 4 T = 4ω = 2ω
    3π
    3π
    ωt = 2 , sin(ωt) = −1, v = −Aω(−1) = Aω.
    v = 1.0 m/s, to the right.
    In the first 41 T , the block moves from xmax to x = 0. In the second 14 T , it moves from x = 0 to −xmax .
    In the third 41 T , it moves from −xmax to x = 0 .
    So at 43 T , the block is at x = 0, and it’s moving back towards initial position.

    Problem 3
    a) Conserve momentum:

    MA (25)(cos(40◦ )) + MB (30)(cos(25◦ )) = MA (15) + MB (vx )

    2MB (25)(cos(40◦ )) + MB (30)(cos(25◦ )) = 2MB (15) + MB (vx ) ⇒ vx = 35.5m/s

    py − 2MB (25)(sin(40◦ )) + MB (30)(sin(25◦)) = 2MB (0) + MB (vy )


    ⇒ vy = −19.5m/s. vB = 40.5m/s @28.8◦ below x axis.

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