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    Review of Experimental Research Muhammad Ivan Fauzi

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    Experimental research is defined as research where variables are kept constant while others are measured as part of a scientific experiment. There are three main types of experimental research design: pre-experimental, true experimental, and quasi-experimental. Pre-experimental design is the simplest form and used to determine if further study is needed. True experimental design uses random assignment and control/experimental groups to establish causation. Quasi-experimental design is similar but does not use random assignment. Experimental research allows for strong control of variables and specific, applicable results, making it useful for understanding cause-and-effect.

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    Review of Experimental Research Muhammad Ivan Fauzi

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    Experimental research is defined as research where variables are kept constant while others are measured as part of a scientific experiment. There are three main types of experimental research design: pre-experimental, true experimental, and quasi-experimental. Pre-experimental design is the simplest form and used to determine if further study is needed. True experimental design uses random assignment and control/experimental groups to establish causation. Quasi-experimental design is similar but does not use random assignment. Experimental research allows for strong control of variables and specific, applicable results, making it useful for understanding cause-and-effect.

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    Experimental research is defined as research where variables are kept constant while others are measured as part of a scientific experiment. There are three main types of experimental research design: pre-experimental, true experimental, and quasi-experimental. Pre-experimental design is the simplest form and used to determine if further study is needed. True experimental design uses random assignment and control/experimental groups to establish causation. Quasi-experimental design is similar but does not use random assignment. Experimental research allows for strong control of variables and specific, applicable results, making it useful for understanding cause-and-effect.

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    33 views5 pages

    Review of Experimental Research Muhammad Ivan Fauzi

    Uploaded by

    Ivan
    Experimental research is defined as research where variables are kept constant while others are measured as part of a scientific experiment. There are three main types of experimental research design: pre-experimental, true experimental, and quasi-experimental. Pre-experimental design is the simplest form and used to determine if further study is needed. True experimental design uses random assignment and control/experimental groups to establish causation. Quasi-experimental design is similar but does not use random assignment. Experimental research allows for strong control of variables and specific, applicable results, making it useful for understanding cause-and-effect.

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    REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

    Muhammad Ivan Fauzi

    Experimental Research – Definition

    Experimental research is any research conducted with a scientific approach,

    where a set of variables are kept constant while the other set of variables are being

    measured as the subject of experiment. Experimental research is one of the

    founding quantitative research methods.

    The simplest example of an experimental research is conducting a laboratory

    test. As long as research is being conducted under scientifically acceptable conditions –

    it qualifies as an experimental research. A true experimental research is considered to

    be successful only when the researcher confirms that a change in the dependent

    variable is solely due to the manipulation of the independent variable.

    It is important for an experimental research to establish cause and effect of a

    phenomenon, which means, it should be definite that effects observed from an

    experiment are due to the cause. As naturally, occurring event can be confusing for

    researchers to establish conclusions. For instance, if a cardiology student conducts

    research to understand the effect of food on cholesterol and derives that most heart
    patients are non-vegetarians or have diabetes. They are aspects (causes) which can

    result in a heart attack (effect).

    Experimental research is conducted in the following situations:

     Time is a vital factor for establishing a relationship between cause and effect.

     Invariable behavior between cause and effect.

     The eminence of cause-effect relationship is as per desirability.

    Types of Experimental Research Design

    There are three primary types of experimental research design:

     Pre-experimental research design

     True experimental research design

     Quasi-experimental research design

    The different types of experimental research design are based on the how the

    researcher classifies the subjects according to various conditions and groups.

    1. Pre-Experimental Research Design: This is the simplest form of experimental

    research design. A group, or various groups, are kept under observation after factors

    are considered for cause and effect. It is usually conducted to understand whether
    further investigation needs to be carried out on the target group/s, due to which it is

    considered to be cost-effective.

    The pre-experimental research design is further bifurcated into three types:

     One-shot Case Study Research Design

     One-group Pretest-posttest Research Design

     Static-group Comparison

    2. True Experimental Research Design: True experimental research is the most

    accurate form of experimental research design as it relies on statistical analysis to

    prove or disprove a hypothesis. It is the only type of Experimental Design that can

    establish a cause-effect relationship within a group/s. In a true experiment, there are

    three factors which need to be satisfied:

     Control Group (Group of participants for research that are familiar to the

    Experimental group but experimental research rules do not apply to them.) and

    Experimental Group (Research participants on whom experimental research

    rules do apply.)

     Variable which can be manipulated by the researcher

     Random distribution

    This experimental research method is commonly implemented in physical sciences.


    3. Quasi-Experimental Research Design: The word “Quasi” indicates resemblance.

    A quasi-experimental research design is similar to experimental research but is not

    exactly that. The difference between the two the assignment of a control group. In this

    research design, an independent variable is manipulated but the participants of a group

    are not randomly assigned as per conditions. The independent variable is manipulated

    before calculating the dependent variable and so, directionality problem is eliminated.

    Quasi-research is used in field settings where random assignment is either irrelevant or

    not required.

    Advantages of Experimental Research

     Researchers have a stronger hold over variables to obtain desired results.

     Subject or industry is not a criterion for experimental research due to which

    any industry can implement it for research purposes.

     Results are extremely specific.

     Once the results are analyzed, they can be applied to various other similar

    aspects.

     Cause and effect of a hypothesis can be derived so that researchers can analyze

    greater details.

     Experimental research can be used in association with other research methods.


    References:

     Bernard, H. R., & Bernard, H. R. (2012). Social research methods:

    Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Sage.

     Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed

    methods approaches. Sage publications.

     Gall, M. D., Borg, W. R., & Gall, J. P. (1996). Educational research: An

    introduction . Longman Publishing.

     Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (1993). How to design and

    evaluate research in education (Vol. 7). New York: McGraw-Hill.

     Keppel, G. (1991). Design and analysis: A researcher's handbook . Prentice-

    Hall, Inc.

     Lipsey, M. W. (1990). Design sensitivity: Statistical power for experimental

    research (Vol. 19). Sage.

     Neuman, W. L., & Neuman, W. L. (2006). Social research methods:

    Qualitative and quantitative approaches.

     Punch, K. F. (2013). Introduction to social research: Quantitative and

    qualitative approaches. Sage.

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