Poetry

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Poetry (the term derives from a variant of the Greek term, poiesis, "making") is a form

of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic[1][2][3] qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound
symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of,
the prosaic ostensible meaning.
Poetry has a very long history, dating back to prehistorical times with the creation of
hunting poetry in Africa, and panegyric and elegiac court poetry was developed
extensively throughout the history of the empires of the Nile, Niger and Volta river
valleys.[4] Some of the earliest written poetry in Africa can be found among the Pyramid
Texts written during the 25th century BCE, while the Epic of Sundiata is one of the most well-
known examples of griotcourt poetry. The earliest Western Asian epic poetry, the Epic of
Gilgamesh, was written in Sumerian. Early poems in the Eurasian continent evolved from folk
songs such as the Chinese Shijing, or from a need to retell oral epics, as with
the Sanskrit Vedas, Zoroastrian Gathas, and the Homeric epics, the Iliadand the Odyssey. Ancient Greek
attempts to define poetry, such as Aristotle's Poetics, focused on the uses
of speech in rhetoric, drama, song and comedy. Later attempts concentrated on features such as
repetition, verse form and rhyme, and emphasized the aesthetics which distinguish poetry
from more objectively informative, prosaic forms of writing.
Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential interpretation to words, or
to evoke emotive responses. Devices such as assonance, alliteration, onomatopoeia and rhythm are
sometimes used to achieve musical or incantatory effects. The use of ambiguity, symbolism, irony and
other stylistic elements of poetic diction often leaves a poem open to multiple interpretations.
Similarly, figures of speech such as metaphor, simileand metonymy[5] create a resonance
between otherwise disparate images—a layering of meanings, forming connections
previously not perceived. Kindred forms of resonance may exist, between
individual verses, in their patterns of rhyme or rhythm.
Some poetry types are specific to particular cultures and genres and respond

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