Geometric Distribution

Created by T.
Madas
GEOMETRIC
DISTRIBUTION
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 1 (***)
It is known that in a certain town 30% of the people own an Apfone.
A researcher asks people at random whether they own an Apfone.
The random variable X represents the number of people asked up to and including
the first person who owns an Apfone.
Determine that …
a) … P ( X = 4 ) .
b) … P ( X > 4 ) .
c) … P ( X < 6 ) .
0.1029 , 0.2401 , 0.8319
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 2 (***)
Arthur and Henry are rolling a fair six sided die and the winner of their game will be
the first person to get a “six”.
Arthur rolls the die first.
Determine the probability that …
a) … Arthur wins on his second throw.
b) … Arthur wins on his third throw.
c) … Arthur wins the game.
25 , 625 , 6
216 7776 11
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 3 (***)
Nigel is playing tournament chess against a computer program and the probability he
wins against the program at any given game is 0.25 .
Nigel is playing several practice games every day, one after the other.
a) Find the probability that on a given day ...
i. ... Nigel wins for the first time on the 4th game played.
ii. … Nigel has to play more than 4 games before he wins for the first time.
If Nigel does not win any of the first 5 games played in a given day, he plays no more
games in that day. Nigel starts training on a Monday on a given week.
b) Determine the probability that Nigel wins his first game on the Thursday of
that week.
27 ≈ 0.105 , 81 ≈ 0.316 , ≈ 0.0102

256 256
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 4 (***)
In a statistical experiment, a token is placed at the origin ( 0,0 ) of a square grid.
A fair six sided die is rolled repeatedly until a "six" is obtained.
• Every time a "six" is not obtained, the token is moved by one unit in the
positive x direction.
• When a "six" is obtained, the token is moved by one unit in the positive y
direction and the experiment is over, with the token at the point with
coordinates ( X ,1) .
Determine …
a) … P ( X = 8 ) .
b) … P ( X < 8)
≈ 0.0388 , ≈ 0.7674
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 5 (***+)
The small central section on a standard dart board is called the bull’s eye.
When Albert aim for the bull’s eye the probability he hits it is 0.3 .
When Buckle aim for the bull’s eye the probability he hits it is 0.2 .
One day the two players decide to play a game aiming a single dart at the bull’s eye in
alternative fashion, starting with Buckle. The winner is the first to hit the bull’s eye.
Assuming that all probabilities are constant, show that Buckle is less likely to win the
game compared with Albert.
P ( Buckle ) = 5 < 1
11 2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 6 (****)
Two cricket players, Markus and Dean, decide to throw balls at a wicket, in alternate
fashion, starting with Markus. The winner is the player who is first to hit the wicket.
The probability that Markus hits the wicket is 0.2 for any of his throws.
The probability that Dean hits the wicket is p for any of his throws.
If Markus throws first, the probability he wins the game is 5 .

13
Determine the value of p .
FS2-M , p = 0.4
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 7 (****)
A coin is biased so that the probability of obtaining “heads” in any toss is p , p ≠ 1 .
2
The coin is tossed repeatedly until a “head" is obtained.
The probability of obtaining “heads” after an even number of tosses is 2 .

5
Determine the value of p .
p=1
3
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 8 (****)
A bag contains a large number of coins, of which some are pound coins and some are
two pound coins. A coin is selected at random from the bag with replacement, until a
two pound coin is selected.
It is given that the probability it will take …

… exactly 2 attempts until a two pound coin is selected is 3 .
16
… more than 3 attempts until a two pound coin is selected is 27 .
64
Determine the probability that a two pound coin will be selected for the first time on
the fifth attempt.
81 ≈ 0.0791
1024
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 9 (*****)
A discrete random variable X is geometrically distributed with parameter p .
Show that …
1
a) … E ( X ) = .
p
1− p
b) … Var ( X ) = .
p2
proof
Created by T. Madas

Geometric Distribution

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Geometric Distribution

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Created by T.

A researcher asks people at random whether they own an Apfone.

0.1029 , 0.2401 , 0.8319

Arthur rolls the die first.

Determine the probability that …

a) … Arthur wins on his second throw.

b) … Arthur wins on his third throw.

c) … Arthur wins the game.

a) Find the probability that on a given day ...

27 ≈ 0.105 , 81 ≈ 0.316 , ≈ 0.0102

A fair six sided die is rolled repeatedly until a "six" is obtained.

If Markus throws first, the probability he wins the game is 5 .

Determine the value of p .

The coin is tossed repeatedly until a “head" is obtained.

The probability of obtaining “heads” after an even number of tosses is 2 .

Determine the value of p .

It is given that the probability it will take …

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