Rational Functions: Created by T. Madas

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The document discusses rational function curves through 5 multi-part questions, providing equations, asymptotes, intersections and other details needed to sketch the graphs.

The main steps to sketching a rational function curve involve determining the asymptotes, intersections with the coordinate axes, turning points if applicable, and using the information provided to sketch the overall shape of the curve.

Each question provides the equation of the curve, asks you to determine asymptotes and intersections, find solutions to related equations, and sketch the curve indicating all relevant details.

Created by T.

Madas

RATIONAL
FUNCTIONS

Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas

Question 1 (***+)
The curves C1 and C2 have respective equations

1 x
y= , x∈, x ≠ 0 , and y= , x ∈  , x ≠ −2 .
x x+2

a) Sketch in the same set of axes the graph of C1 and the graph of C2 .
Indicate clearly in the sketch …
• … the equations of any asymptotes.
• … the coordinates of any intersections between each curve with the
iii coordinate axes.

b) Find the coordinates of the points of intersection between the graph of C1 and
C2 , and hence solve the inequality

1 x
≥ .
x x+2

( −1, −1) , ( 2, 12 ) , −2 < x ≤ −1 ∪ 0 < x ≤ 2

Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas

Question 2 (****)
The curve C has equation y = f ( x ) given by

x2
f ( x) = , x ∈  , x ≠ 1, x ≠ 5 .
( x − 1)( x − 5 )

a) State the equation of each of the two vertical asymptotes of the C .

b) Show clearly that y = 1 is a horizontal asymptote to the curve.

c) Solve the equation f ( x ) = 1 .

The straight line with equation y = k , where k is a constant, touches C at two points.

d) Find possible values the of k .

e) Sketch the graph of C .

Indicate clearly in the sketch


• the equations of the asymptotes
• the coordinates of any intersections of C with the coordinate axes.
• the coordinates of any turning points of C .

x = 1, 5 , x = 5 , k = − 5 , 0
6 4

Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas

Question 3 (****)
The curve C has equation y = f ( x ) given by

x−4
f ( x) = , x∈ , x ≠ 5 , x ≠ 8.
( x − 5 )( x − 8)

a) State the equation of each of the two vertical asymptotes of the C .

b) Show clearly that y = 0 is a horizontal asymptote to the curve.

The straight line with equation y = k , where k is a constant, touches C at two points.

c) Find possible values the of k .

d) Sketch the graph of C .

Indicate clearly in the sketch


• the equations of the asymptotes
• the coordinates of any intersections of C with the coordinate axes.
• the coordinates of any turning points of C .

x = 5, 8 , k = −1, − 1
9

Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas

Question 4 (****)
The curves C1 and C2 have respective equations

x+3 x
y= , x∈, x ≠ 0 , and y= , x∈, x ≠ 2.
x 2− x

a) Sketch in the same set of axes the graph of C1 and the graph of C2 .
Indicate clearly in the sketch …
• … the equations of any asymptotes.
• … the coordinates of any intersections between each curve with the
iii coordinate axes.

b) Use the sketch of part (a) to solve the inequality

x x+3
≤ .
2− x x

x ≤ −2 ∪ 0 < x ≤ 3 ∪ x>2
2

Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas

Question 5 (****+)
A curve C has equation

f ( x)
h ( x) = , x ∈  , g ( x) ≠ 0 .
g ( x)

It is further given that f ( x ) is a quadratic function and g ( x ) a linear function.

The asymptotes of C have equations x = −1 and y = x + 2 , and its graph is passing


through the point P (1,5 ) .

a) Determine a simplified Cartesian equation for C .

b) Use a discriminant method to find the range of h ( x ) and hence calculate the
coordinates of the stationary points of C .

c) Sketch in separate diagrams, showing all the relevant details including


asymptotic behaviour, the graph of …

i. … y = h ( x ) .

ii. … y 2 = h ( x ) .

x2 + 3x + 6 4
h( x) = = x+2+ , h ( x ) ≤ −3 ∪ h ( x ) ≥ 5 , (1,5 ) , ( −3, −3)
x +1 x +1

Created by T. Madas

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