D

Series
Student

Geometry
My name
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 Series D – Geometry
Contents
Topic 1 – Lines and angles (pp. 1–8) Date completed

• vertical, horizontal and diagonal lines______________ / /

• parallel lines___________________________________ / /

• parallel and perpendicular lines___________________ / /

• angles________________________________________ / /

• right angles in turns_____________________________ / /

Topic 2 – Investigating 2D shapes (pp. 9–18)

• properties of shapes____________________________ / /

• rhombuses, parallelograms and trapeziums _________ / /

• quadrilaterals _________________________________ / /

• symmetry and tessellation_______________________ / /

• tangrams – investigate__________________________ / /

• symmetry – solve ______________________________ / /

Topic 3 – Investigating 3D shapes (pp. 19–26)

• properties of shapes____________________________ / /

• spheres, pyramids and cylinders___________________ / /

• prisms and pyramids____________________________ / /

• cross sections_________________________________ / /

• nets_________________________________________ / /

• different views_________________________________ / /

• net puzzle – solve______________________________ / /

 Series D – Geometry
Contents
Topic 4 – Position (pp. 27–33) Date completed

• describing position_____________________________ / /

• following directions_____________________________ / /

• grids and coordinates___________________________ / /

• compass points________________________________ / /

• hit the points – apply ___________________________ / /

Series Author:

Nicola Herringer

Copyright ©
Lines and angles – vertical, horizontal and diagonal lines

Vertical lines go straight Horizontal lines Diagonal lines

up and down. go straight across. go on a slant.

1 any vertical necks. any horizontal necks.  any diagonal necks.

2 How many lines are on these shapes?

a b c

vertical vertical vertical

horizontal horizontal horizontal

diagonal diagonal diagonal

Shapes can be made up of straight

lines, curves, or a mixture of both.

3 Draw a shape that is made up of:

a straight lines b a curve c a mixture of lines

Geometry
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D 1 1

SERIES TOPIC
Lines and angles – vertical, horizontal and diagonal lines
4 Solve these problems:
a Look at these letters. Let’s explore their shapes and the lines that make them.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

b These 2 letters belong together in a group. P D

Which other letters do you think belong in the same group?
Record them and explain to your partner why.

c These 2 letters belong together in a group. T Y

Which other letters belong in the group?
Record them and explain to your partner why.

d These letters form a group. A Q R N M V W X

Can you see why? Record your thinking here.

2 D 1 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Lines and angles – parallel lines

Parallel lines are always the same distance from

each other and can never meet. They can be any
length and go in any direction.
Curves can also run parallel to each other.

1 Draw lines or curves parallel to each of these.

Shapes can have

These 2 lines These 2 lines
parallel lines.
are parallel. are parallel.
Look at this square.
A square has 2 sets of parallel lines.

2 Trace any parallel lines in matching colours. Finish the statements.

a 
A square has _______ b 
A triangle has _______
sets of parallel lines. sets of parallel lines.

c A rectangle has _______ d A regular hexagon has

sets of parallel lines.
_______ sets of parallel
lines.

Geometry
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D 1 3

SERIES TOPIC
Lines and angles – parallel and perpendicular lines
1 Look at each group of lines. Tick the parallel lines.

a b c

d e f

Perpendicular lines meet at right angles.

Sometimes they intersect (cross over),
sometimes they do not intersect.

2 Look at each group of lines. Tick the perpendicular lines.

a b c

d e f

3 List the first 10 letters of the alphabet in capitals. Circle the letters that have either
parallel or perpendicular lines.

____________________________________________________________________

4 D 1 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Lines and angles – angles

angle
An angle is the amount of turning
between two lines that meet.
There are lots of angles all around
us. You have probably noticed
many already.
Here are two examples of
angles in your classroom: angle

1 Look at the angle on each open chest lid. Trace the angle and then order the
treasure chests’ lids from the smallest to largest angle.

2 Follow the directions

about angles.
a Tick the pair of
scissors that has
the largest angle.
b Place a circle around the pair of scissors that has the smallest angle.
c Find something in your classroom the has an angle larger than anything on this
page and draw it below:

Geometry
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D 1 5

SERIES TOPIC
Lines and angles – angles

If an angle is smaller than a right angle, corner or vertex

it is called an acute angle; if it is larger paper fastener
it is known as an obtuse angle.
arms
Make an angle tester with two straight
pieces of cardboard joined with a
angle
paper fastener.

1
3 Use your angle tester to measure and compare these angles. Order them smallest
to largest by writing 1 to 4 in the box. Write whether each is an acute, obtuse or
right angle.

a _______ b _______ c _______ d _______

4 For this activity you will need a ruler and a sharp pencil. Follow the directions for
each angle.
Draw a Draw a
Copy the angle smaller angle larger angle

6 D 1 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Lines and angles – angles

A right angle is an angle where two lines meet at a square corner.

Make a right angle tester by folding a piece of paper like this:

Step 1: Fold a piece Step 2: Fold the same Step 3: Make sure
of paper in half. piece of paper in that the creases are
half again. pressed down firmly.

vertex
You have made the corner of or corner arms
a square which is a right angle.
A right angle is 90 degrees (90°).
right angle

5 For each shape, circle the corners that are right angles. Write the number of right
angles inside each shape.

b c d

e f g

6 Find some right angles in your classroom and list them here:

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Geometry
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D 1 7

SERIES TOPIC
Lines and angles – right angles in turns

People and objects can make turns. This person has just
made a quarter turn. A quarter turn is a right angle.

If you make two quarter turns, you will

have turned through two right angles and
made a half turn. You will be facing in the
opposite direction to how you started.
Turn another right angle and you’ll have
made a three-quarter turn and you’ll have
made a whole turn and be back where
you started.

1 How many right angles has each person turned? How much of a turn have
they made?

a b

right angles = turn right angle = turn

c d

right angles = turn right angles = turn

8 D 1 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 2D shapes – properties of shapes

In this topic, we are looking at the properties of 2D shapes.

1 Draw a line to match each shape to its name.

square

triangle

rectangle

pentagon

hexagon

circle

octagon

rhombus

2 Complete this table for five of the shapes shown above.

Name Number of sides Number of vertices

a rhombus

b pentagon

c triangle

d octagon

e hexagon

3 Which shapes can you see in this diagram?

Geometry
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D 2 9

SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 2D shapes – properties of shapes

Let’s look more closely at hexagons, pentagons and octagons.

A pentagon is a shape with 5 sides.
‘Penta’ means 5.
A regular pentagon has 5 equal
sides and 5 equal angles.
A hexagon is a shape with 6 sides.
‘Hexa’ means 6.
A regular hexagon has 6 equal sides
and 6 equal angles.
An octagon is a shape with 8 sides.
‘Octa’ means 8.
A regular octagon has 8 equal sides
and 8 equal angles.

4 Join the dots using a ruler and name each shape:

1 2 1

8 3
5 2
a b
7 4

4 3
6 5

____________________ ____________________

You can do this by

counting the sides.
5 On the left is an irregular hexagon. It has
6 sides and 6 angles but its sides are
all different lengths. Name each of the
irregular shapes below:

a b

irregular ______________ irregular ______________

10 D 2 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 2D shapes – rhombuses, parallelograms
and trapeziums
Here are 3 special kinds of 4-sided shapes.
These are rhombuses. These are parallelograms. These are trapeziums.

What do they have in common? What are their differences? Let’s look more closely
at their lines and angles to find out more about them.

1 Work with your partner to help these shapes answer some questions. Look at the
shape blocks to help.
a Do I have any sets of parallel lines? If so, how many?

Are ALL my sides the same lengths?

Do I have any right angles?

Is there anything else you notice about me?
___________________________________________________________________

b Do I have any sets of parallel lines? If so, how many?

Are ALL my lines the same lengths?

Do I have any right angles?

Is there anything else you notice about me?
___________________________________________________________________

c Do I have any sets of parallel lines? If so, how many?

Are ALL my lines the same lengths?

Do I have any right angles?

Is there anything else you notice about me?
___________________________________________________________________

Geometry
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D 2 11

SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 2D shapes – rhombuses, parallelograms
and trapeziums
2 Draw a rhombus, a parallelogram and a trapezium

3 Now draw them again, but turn them around and make them a different size.
Label them.

12 D 2 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 2D shapes – quadrilaterals

Quadrilaterals are shapes with 4 sides.

square rectangle rhombus

trapezium parallelogram

1 Which quadrilateral am I?
a My opposite sides are equal in length and all my angles are
right angles. __________________

b I have 4 sides that are all the same length with 2 different
sized angles. __________________

c I have 4 sides with only 1 pair of parallel sides. __________________

d I have 4 sides with 2 pairs of parallel sides and 2 different

sized angles. __________________

2 Which two quadrilaterals are missing? Add them to the dot paper below:

Geometry
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D 2 13

SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 2D shapes – symmetry and tessellation

An axis of symmetry
is a line that divides
something exactly in
half. When one half of a
shape or picture matches
the other exactly, we say
This shape is This shape is
it’s symmetrical.
symmetrical. asymmetrical.

1 Look carefully at each shape. For any that are symmetrical, draw in the line
of symmetry.

R
Are there any
with more than one
line of symmetry?

2 Use the line of symmetry to complete each shape. You can think of the
line of symmetry as
a mirror. One half of
a b a design or shape
is reflected.

14 D 2 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 2D shapes – symmetry and tessellation

This tile demonstrates the movements of flip, slide and turn.

flip slide turn

3 Look at each shape and write whether the movement is a flip, slide or turn.

a b

c d

4 Flip the design in each square to create a pattern along the grid.

5 Turn the design in each square to create a pattern along the grid.

Geometry
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D 2 15

SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 2D shapes – symmetry and tessellation

A tessellation is a pattern of 2D shapes with no gaps or spaces. Shapes can be

flipped or turned so they fit together.

6 Use four colours to shade each tessellation as a pattern.

7 Use a ruler to carefully continue this tessellation to the edges of the dot paper.

16 D 2 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Tangrams investigate

Getting
ready For this challenge, you will need to copy, colour and
cut out the tangram pieces below.
copy
What
to do


1 Practice using the pieces with these challenges:

• Make a square using three triangles.
• Make a parallelogram using two triangles.
• Make a large triangle using the square and two triangles.

2 Now see if you can make the designs

below. You must use all the pieces.

Geometry
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D 2 17

SERIES TOPIC
 Symmetry solve

Getting
ready For this challenge, you will need two orange, two black and two
white cubes (or three colours of your own choice, as long as you
have two cubes of each colour).

What
to do How many ways can you arrange the colours in a row so that the
pattern is symmetrical? Use the cubes to decide on the symmetry
and then record what you decide by shading each row.

18 D 2 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 3D shapes – properties of shapes

In this topic, we are looking at the properties of 3D shapes.

1 Match the label to each 3D shape by connecting them with a line.

cube

cylinder

cone

sphere

triangular prism

square-based pyramid

rectangular prism

hexagonal prism

2 Jess made a castle from some blocks. How many of each 3D solid can you see?

cubes rectangular prisms square pyramids

Geometry
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D 3 19

SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 3D shapes – spheres, pyramids and cylinders

Let’s look more closely

at these solids:
cylinder square-based sphere
pyramid

1 Connect the labels to the part of each solid that it names:

a b
edge vertex
flat face edge

curved face flat face

2 Complete this table:

Number of Number of Number of Number of
Name flat faces curved faces edges vertices
a cylinder

b square-based pyramid

c sphere

3 Which shape has:

a Only one curved face _ ____________________________________

b Five faces and no curved surfaces _ ____________________________________

c One curved face and two flat faces _ ____________________________________

4 Sean made this model. How many of each shape did he use?

cylinders square-based pyramid spheres

20 D 3 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 3D shapes – prisms and pyramids

A prism is a 3D shape where Here is a triangular prism.

the two opposite faces are Its opposite faces are
the same shape and the triangles and the other
other faces are rectangles. faces are rectangles.

1 Rachel painted each face of the solids below and then stamped each face in a row.
Colour match each shape to its row of faces.

A face of a 3D shape is a flat surface. A vertex is where the edges meet or the
furthest point from the base (apex).

2 Use these labels on each shape below: face vertex edge

a b

Geometry
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D 3 21

SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 3D shapes – prisms and pyramids

vertex (apex)

edge
Pyramids are all named according to their
base. This diagram shows the properties face
of a square pyramid.
base/face
vertex

3 Name each pyramid by connecting the label with a line. Look carefully at the base
of each pyramid.

hexagonal square-based pentagonal rectangular

pyramid pyramid pyramid pyramid

4 Complete this table for each type of pyramid:

Pyramid Faces Edges Vertices

a hexagonal pyramid

b pentagonal pyramid

c square-based pyramid

d rectangular pyramid

22 D 3 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 3D shapes – cross sections

A cross section of a 3D shape is when you slice right through something.

1 Each of these shapes represents the cross section of the solids below.
Draw a line to match each shape to its cross section.

Geometry
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D 3 23

SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 3D shapes – nets

If we were to cut out a cardboard cube along

the edges and flatten it, it would be a net.

1 Draw a line to match these 3D shapes with their nets below:

24 D 3 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Investigating 3D shapes – different views

top

3D shapes look different depending

on whether you look at them from side
the top view, side view or front view.

front

1 Here are some 3D models made from cubes. Shade in the squares on each grid to
show the top, front and side view for each one. The top view of the first model
has been done for you.

a b top c
top top

side side
side

front
front front
Top View
Front View
Side View

Geometry
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D 3 25

SERIES TOPIC
 Net puzzle solve

What
to do Each net below will fold to make a cube.

Puzzle 1
What symbol is opposite the star?
 Draw it here:

 

Puzzle 2
Work out which numbers are opposite. 2
Opposite 1 is 1 3
Opposite 2 is 4 6
Opposite 3 is 5

Puzzle 3
This net is folded into a cube and then the cube is rolled over
twice. Show what this cube will look like each time that it is rolled
over. You need to show what each face on each cube will look like.
One face has been done for you.

26 D 3 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Position – describing position

When we describe the position of an object in a grid, we

need to refer to the row and column. We use words such
as left and right, top, middle and bottom. Rows go across
and columns go up and down.

1 Help Chef Claude by adding the finishing

touches to these sweet treats.

a top row in the middle Add some chocolate sprinkles.

b middle row, last column Add some candles.
c bottom row, first column Dip the strawberries in melted chocolate.
d top row, first column Add a cherry.
e bottom row, last column Pour some maple syrup on the pancakes.
f middle row, first column Add a scoop of ice cream.
g bottom row, middle column Add some whipped cream.

Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Position – describing position
2 A group of children are playing a game called Flickety Winks. In this game, they
flick a counter twice and add the numbers that the counters land on to see who ends
up with the largest score. Read the position of each throw and name the winner.

1 6 7 3 11 10 2
10 2 8 12 3 9 2
5 9 11 4 12 21 23
Counter 1 Counter 2 Total
top row, second from bottom row, third from
Mel
the left the right
bottom row, third from middle row, on the
Jo
the right furthest right
middle row, second top row, fifth from
Hamish
from the right the left
bottom row, second top row, third from
Nina
from the right the left

The winner was ________________.

3 Will played this game on his own and flicked three counters. He ended up with a
total of 20. Describe the position of each counter:

Counter 1:

Counter 2:

Counter 3:

28 D 4 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Position – following directions

On this page, you will practise following the directions up, down, left and right.

1 Aisha is playing a game on her mobile phone where she has to move the snake
from one end of the grid to the other without bumping into the black holes.
Complete the directions that she used for each game. Start at the smiley face and
finish at the star.

a  2 up b  1 up
2 left 3 left

 
Start Start
here here

2 Roll a die and move that number of spaces in any direction, colouring in as you go.
You must move in a different direction each time. Start at the arrow.
a Your aim is b List the number of moves
get to the  and the direction here:
star in the
least number
of moves.
Compare
your
number of
moves with
someone
near you.

Start here

Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Position – following directions
3 A group of
four friends

Rosebud Road
live in the same Blossom Street
neighbourhood.

Phillips Road
Sunshine Avenue
Each smiley face
shows where Fig Tree Street
someone lives.

Foxhill Street
Whitley Crescent
Ke r r y P l a c e
Narree Road

Sunny Avenue
Johnston Street

Colour the faces according to where each person lives:

a Libby lives on Whitley Crescent. Colour this face green.
b Max lives on Johnston Street. Colour this face blue.
c Emily lives on Narree Road. Colour this face red.
d Adam lives on the corner of Rosebud Road and Blossom Street.
Colour this face orange.

4 Look carefully at the map and answer the questions:

a Adam crosses over Blossom Street, walks down
Rosebud Road and turns left into Fig Tree Street.
If he keeps walking he ends up on ______________________
b Emily walks to the end of her street and turns left
into Sunny Avenue and then right into ______________________
c Max walks to the end of his street and turns left into
Sunny Avenue, then right into Narree Road and left
into Phillips Road and left again at Blossom Street.
Who is he visiting? ______________________
d There is a shorter way he could have walked. Write him some directions below:

30 D 4 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
Position – grids and coordinates

Maps are often set up in a grid with letters and numbers down the sides. We
use these letters and numbers to pinpoint a particular part of the map. Letters
always go before numbers.

1 Here is a map of a holiday camping ground. What is at:

a A1 _ ____________________ A B C D

b A3 _ ____________________
1
c C2 _ ____________________

d D1 _ ____________________
2

2 This map is missing some places.

Draw them in:
3
a A lake that covers A4 and B4.
b Swings at A2.
c Jet skis at C4.
d A shed at D4. 4
e Trees that cover C3 and D3.

3 Practise using grid coordinates by following these instructions:

a Write an even number in A1. A B C D
b Write the first letter of your name in D2.
1
c In C4, draw a 2D shape that has more than
4 sides.
2
d In B2, write a number that is divisible by 3.
e In D4, write your age. 3
f Write the answer to 6 × 4 in C1.
g List all the blank grid spaces. Remember 4
that it is letter then number.

_ _________________________________________________________________

Geometry
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D 4 31

SERIES TOPIC
Position – compass points
N

We can use a compass to help us with direction.

There are four main points on a compass – W E
north, south, east and west.
S

1 What directions are the shapes from the circle?

a The square is ___________ of the circle.

b The pentagon is ___________ of the circle.

c The triangle is ___________ of the circle.

d The heart is ___________ of the circle.

2 Sometimes north is not directly in front of us. Answer these questions. You will
need to look carefully to see where north is.

a Which shape is located west? b Which shape is located south?

3 If photo 1 was taken facing north, what direction was the person facing in photo 2?

Photo 1 Photo 2
N

32 D 4 Geometry
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SERIES TOPIC
 Hit the points apply

Getting This is a game for two players. For this game, each
ready
player will need their own copy of this page. Cut out the
numbers and black squares at the bottom of this page. copy

What
to do Each player places the numbers and black
squares on their grid without the other
player seeing. Take turns to find each
other’s numbers by calling out coordinates.
You call out
The aim of the game is to find out where the letter
all the numbers are before the other player before the
number.
does. The numbers that are found make up
the score. If you call out a coordinate that
is a black square, then you miss a turn.

A B C D E F G H I J K


5 10 20 2 8

Geometry
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D 4 33

SERIES TOPIC