Revised Penal Code

Art. 315. Swindling (estafa).
— Any person who shall

defraud another by any of the means mentioned hereinbelow shall be
punished by:
1st. The penalty of prision correccional in its maximum period to
prision mayor in its minimum period, if the amount of the fraud is
over 12,000 pesos but does not exceed 22,000 pesos, and if such
amount exceeds the latter sum, the penalty provided in this
paragraph shall be imposed in its maximum period, adding one
year for each additional 10,000 pesos; but the total penalty which
may be imposed shall not exceed twenty years. In such cases, and
in connection with the accessory penalties which may be imposed
under the provisions of this Code, the penalty shall be termed
prision mayor or reclusion temporal, as the case may be. chanrobles virtual l aw library
2nd. The penalty of prision correccional in its minimum and

medium periods, if the amount of the fraud is over 6,000 pesos
but does not exceed 12,000 pesos;
3rd. The penalty of arresto mayor in its maximum period to
prision correccional in its minimum period if such amount is over
200 pesos but does not exceed 6,000 pesos; and
4th. By arresto mayor in its maximum period, if such amount does
not exceed 200 pesos, provided that in the four cases mentioned,
the fraud be committed by any of the following means:
1. With unfaithfulness or abuse of confidence, namely:
(a) By altering the substance, quantity, or quality or anything of

value which the offender shall deliver by virtue of an obligation to
do so, even though such obligation be based on an immoral or
illegal consideration. chanrobles virtual law librar y
(b) By misappropriating or converting, to the prejudice of another,

money, goods, or any other personal property received by the
offender in trust or on commission, or for administration, or under
any other obligation involving the duty to make delivery of or to
return the same, even though such obligation be totally or
partially guaranteed by a bond; or by denying having received
such money, goods, or other property. chan robles virtual law chanrobles virtual l aw librar y
library
(c) By taking undue advantage of the signature of the offended
party in blank, and by writing any document above such signature
in blank, to the prejudice of the offended party or of any third
person.chanrobles virtual law library
2. By means of any of the following false pretenses or fraudulent

acts executed prior to or simultaneously with the commission of
the fraud:
(a) By using fictitious name, or falsely pretending to possess
power, influence, qualifications, property, credit, agency, business
or imaginary transactions, or by means of other similar deceits. chanrobles virtu al law librar y
(b) By altering the quality, fineness or weight of anything

pertaining to his art or business. chanrobles virtual law librar y
(c) By pretending to have bribed any Government employee,

without prejudice to the action for calumny which the offended
party may deem proper to bring against the offender. In this case,
the offender shall be punished by the maximum period of the
penalty.chanrobles virtual law library
(d) [By post-dating a check, or issuing a check in payment of an

obligation when the offender therein were not sufficient to cover
the amount of the check. The failure of the drawer of the check to
deposit the amount necessary to cover his check within three (3)
days from receipt of notice from the bank and/or the payee or
holder that said check has been dishonored for lack of
insufficiency of funds shall be prima facie evidence of deceit
constituting false pretense or fraudulent act. (As amended by R.A.
4885, approved June 17, 1967.)]
(e) By obtaining any food, refreshment or accommodation at a
hotel, inn, restaurant, boarding house, lodging house, or
apartment house and the like without paying therefor, with intent
to defraud the proprietor or manager thereof, or by obtaining
credit at hotel, inn, restaurant, boarding house, lodging house, or
apartment house by the use of any false pretense, or by
abandoning or surreptitiously removing any part of his baggage
from a hotel, inn, restaurant, boarding house, lodging house or
apartment house after obtaining credit, food, refreshment or
accommodation therein without paying for his food, refreshment
or accommodation. chanrobles virtual law library
3. Through any of the following fraudulent means:
(a) By inducing another, by means of deceit, to sign any

document. chanrobles virtual law librar y
(b) By resorting to some fraudulent practice to insure success in a

gambling game. chanrobles virtual law lib rary
(c) By removing, concealing or destroying, in whole or in part, any

court record, office files, document or any other papers.
irtual law library
Art. 316. Other forms of swindling. — The penalty of arresto

mayor in its minimum and medium period and a fine of not less than the
value of the damage caused and not more than three times such value,
shall be imposed upon:
1. Any person who, pretending to be owner of any real property,
shall convey, sell, encumber or mortgage the same. chanrobles virtu al law library
2. Any person, who, knowing that real property is encumbered,

shall dispose of the same, although such encumbrance be not
recorded. chanrobles virtual law librar y
3. The owner of any personal property who shall wrongfully take

it from its lawful possessor, to the prejudice of the latter or any
third person. chanrobles virtual law libr ary
4. Any person who, to the prejudice of another, shall execute any

fictitious contract. chanrobles virtual law library
5. Any person who shall accept any compensation given him under
the belief that it was in payment of services rendered or labor
performed by him, when in fact he did not actually perform such
services or labor. chanrobles virtual law library
6. Any person who, while being a surety in a bond given in a

criminal or civil action, without express authority from the court
or before the cancellation of his bond or before being relieved
from the obligation contracted by him, shall sell, mortgage, or, in
any other manner, encumber the real property or properties with
which he guaranteed the fulfillment of such obligation. chanrobles virtual law library
Art. 318. Other deceits. — The penalty of arresto mayor

and a fine of not less than the amount of the damage caused and
not more than twice such amount shall be imposed upon any
person who shall defraud or damage another by any other deceit
not mentioned in the preceding articles of this chapter. chanrobles virtual law librar y
Any person who, for profit or gain, shall interpret dreams, make
forecasts, tell fortunes, or take advantage of the credulity of the
public in any other similar manner, shall suffer the penalty of
arresto mayor or a fine not exceeding 200 pesos. chanrobles virtu al law library

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Art. 315. Swindling (estafa).

— Any person who shall

2nd. The penalty of prision correccional in its minimum and

(a) By altering the substance, quantity, or quality or anything of

(b) By misappropriating or converting, to the prejudice of another,

2. By means of any of the following false pretenses or fraudulent

(b) By altering the quality, fineness or weight of anything

(c) By pretending to have bribed any Government employee,

(d) [By post-dating a check, or issuing a check in payment of an

3. Through any of the following fraudulent means:

(a) By inducing another, by means of deceit, to sign any

(b) By resorting to some fraudulent practice to insure success in a

(c) By removing, concealing or destroying, in whole or in part, any

Art. 316. Other forms of swindling. — The penalty of arresto

2. Any person, who, knowing that real property is encumbered,

3. The owner of any personal property who shall wrongfully take

4. Any person who, to the prejudice of another, shall execute any

6. Any person who, while being a surety in a bond given in a

Art. 318. Other deceits. — The penalty of arresto mayor

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