Equations

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Equations

Simple Harmonic Motion

F = −kx a=−
k
m
x v=±
m
(
k 2
A − x2 )

k k 1 k m
amax = A vmax = ±A f= T = 2π
m m 2π m k

1 2 1 2 1 2
PE = kx KE = mv ET = kA ET = KE + PE
2 2 2

Pendulum

1 g l
f= T = 2π g = 9.8 m
2π l g s2

Sound

⎛ I⎞
β = 10Log ⎜ ⎟ I 0 = 10 −12 W
⎝ I0 ⎠ m2

Doppler Effect

vsnd vsnd ± vobs


Source in motion fobs = fsou Observer in motion fobs = fsou
vsnd ± vsou vsnd

Thermal Expansion

Linear expansion ΔL = L0αΔT Volume expansion ΔV = V0 βΔT β ≈ 3α

Ideal Gas

P1V1 P2V2 J
PV = nRT = R = 8.32
n1T1 n2T2 molK

Heat

Q = mcΔT Qgain = −Qlost

Thermodynamics

Q = ΔU + W if P is constant W = PΔV 1 cal = 4.186 J 1 atm = 101.3 kPa


Equations
Electricity

kq1q2 F kq
F= E= E= k = 9 × 10 9 Nm 2 /C2 e− = −1.6 × 10 −19 C
r2 q r2

Electric Potential

W = −Fd W = −qEd 1eV = 1.6 × 10 −19 J m e = 9.11× 10 −31 kg


m p = 1.67 × 10 −27 kg

PE kq
ΔPE = −qEd V= V= V = Ed ΔPE = ΔVq
q r

Electric Currents

q
i= V = iR
t

Magnetism

F = ilBsin θ F = qvBsin θ

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