BASIC VOLLEYBALL RULES

The Serve
 Server must serve from behind the end line until after contact
 Ball may be served underhand or overhand
 Ball must be clearly visible to opponents before serve
 Served ball may graze the net and drop to theother side for point
 First game serve is determined by a volley, each subsequent game
shall be served by the previous game loser
 Serve must be returned by a bump only. no setting or attacking a
serve

Scoring
 Rally scoring will be used.
 There will be a point scored on every score of the ball.
 Offense will score on a defense miss or out of bounds hit.
 Defense will score on an offensive miss, out of bounds hit, or serve
into the net.
 Game will be played to 25 pts.
 Must win by 2 points.

Rotation
 Team will rotate each time they win the serve
 Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner
 There shall be 4-6 players on each side.

Playing The Game

 Maximum of three hits per side
 Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (A block is not
considered a hit)
 Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on serve
 A ball touching a boundary line is good
 A legal hit is contact with the ball by a player body above and
including the waist which does not allow the ball to visibly come to
a rest
 If two or more players contact the ball simultaneously, it is
considered one play and the players involved may not participate in
the next play
 A player must not block or attack a serve
 Switching positions will be allowed only between front line players. (
After the serve only )

Basic Rule Violations

 Stepping on or over the line on a serve
 Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully
 Hitting the ball illegally ( Carrying, Palming, Throwing, etc. )
 Touches of the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play.
If the ball is driven into the net with such force that it causes the
net to contact an opposing player, no foul will be called, and the ball
shall continue to be in play
 Reaching over the net, except under these conditions a) When
executing a follow-through b) When blocking a ball which is in the
opponents court but is being returned ( the blocker must not contact
the ball until after the opponent who is attempting to return the ball
makes contact). Except to block the third play
 Reaches under the net ( if it interferes with the ball or opposing
player )
 Failure to serve in the correct order
 Blocks or spikes from a position which is clearly not behind the
10-foot line while in a back row position

The Court
 Both indoor and outdoor courts are 18 m x 9m
 Indoor courts also include an attack area designated bya line 3
m back from the center line

Net Height
 Net height for men, co-ed mixed 6 is 2.43 meters
 Net height for women is 2.24 m

Dr. James Naismith's Original 13 Rules of Basketball

1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both

hands.

2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands
(never with the fist).
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it
from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a
man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he
tries to stop.

4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or

body must not be used for holding it.

5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any

way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first
infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the
second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if
there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the
game, no substitute allowed.

6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3,4,
and such as described in Rule 5.

7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a

goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the
opponents in the mean time making a foul).

8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from

the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those
defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball
rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall
count as a goal.

9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the
field of play by the person first touching it. In case of a dispute,
the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is
allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it shall go to the
opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire
shall call a foul on that side.

10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls
and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been
made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.

11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when
the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall
keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and
keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually
performed by a referee.

12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes'
rest between.

13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared
the winner. In case of a draw, the game may, by agreement of
the captains, be continued until another goal is made.

Rules of Badminton
Knowing the Rules of Badminton is important if you really want
to advance in Badminton and enjoy this game. In the event that a
dispute occurs during a match, you'll be able to settle it.

Toss

The rules of badminton states that a toss shall be conducted

before a game starts. If you win, you can choose between
serving first or to start play at either end of the court. Your
opponent can then exercise the remaining choice.

Scoring system

The rules of badminton states that a badminton match shall

consist of the best of 3 games. In doubles and men's singles, the
first side to score 15 points wins the game. In women's singles,
the first side to score 11 points wins the game.

If the score becomes 14-all (10-all in women's singles), the side

which first scored 14 (10) shall exercise the choice to continue
the game to 15 (11) points or to 'set' the game to 17 (13) points.

The side winning a game serves first in the next game. Only the
serving side can add a point to its score.

Recently BWF have been testing a new scoring format of 21

points per game on all major Badminton competition and decided
to replace the old format permanently.

Change of ends

The rules of badminton states that you have to change ends with
your opponent after finishing the first game. If a third game was
to be played, you shall change ends when the leading score
reaches 6 in a game of 11 points or 8 in a game of 15 points.

Rules of Badminton - Singles

Serving and receiving courts

You shall serve from, and receive in, the right service court when
you or your opponent has scored an even number of points in that
game.

You shall serve from, and receive in, the left service court when
you or your opponent has scored an odd number of points in that
game.

You and your opponent will hit the shuttle alternately until
a 'fault' is made or the shuttle ceases to be in play.

Scoring and serving

You score a point and serve again from the alternate service
court when your opponent makes a 'fault' or the shuttle ceases
to be in play because it touches the surface of your opponent's
side of court.
No points will be scored when you make a 'fault' or the shuttles
ceases to be in play because it touches the surface of your side
of court. The serving right will then be transferred to your
opponent.

Rules of Badminton - Doubles

At the start of the game, and each time a side gains the right to
serve, the service shall be delivered from the right service court.
Only your opponent standing diagonally opposite of you shall
return the service.

Should your opponent's partner touched or hit the shuttle, it shall

be a 'fault' and your side scores a point.

Order of play and position on court

After the service is returned, either you or your partner may hit
the shuttle from any position on your side of the net. Then either
player from the opposing side may do the same, and so on, until
the shuttle ceases to be in play.

Scoring and serving

If you are serving or receiving first at the start of any game, you
shall serve or receive in the right service court when your side or
your opponent's side scored an even number of points.

You shall serve from or receive in the left service court when
your side or your opponent's side has scored an odd number of
points.

The reverse pattern shall apply to your partner.

In any game, the right to serve passes consecutively from the

initial server to the initial receiver, then to that initial's receiver's
partner, then to the opponent who is due to serve from the right
service court, then to that player's partner, and so on.

You shall not serve out of turn, receive out of turn, or receive two
consecutive services in the same game, except as provided in
service court errors and 'lets'.

Service court errors

A service court error has been made when a player has served
out of turn, has served from the wrong service or standing on the
wrong service court while being prepared to receive the service
and it has been delivered.

If a service court error is discovered after the next service had

been delivered, the error shall not be corrected. If a service court
error is discovered before the next service is delivered, the
following rules apply.

If both sides committed an error, it shall be a 'let'. If one side

committed the error and won the rally, it shall be a 'let'. If one
side committed the error and lost the rally, the error shall not be
corrected.

If there is a 'let' because of a service court error, the rally is

replayed with the error corrected. If a service court error is not
to be corrected, play in that game shall proceed without
changing the player's new service courts.

Faults

The rules of badminton consider the following as faults:

- If the shuttle lands outside the boundaries of the court, passes

through or under the net, fail to pass the net, touches the ceiling
or side walls, touches the person or dress of a player or touches
any other object or person.

- If the initial point of contact with the shuttle is not on the

striker's side of the net. (The striker may, however, follow the
shuttle over the net with the racket in the course of a stroke.)

- If a player touches the net or its supports with racket, person or

dress, invades an opponent's court over the net with racket or
person except as permitted.

- If a player invades an opponent's court under the net with

racket or person such that an opponent is obstructed or
distracted or obstructs an opponent, that is prevents an
opponent from making a legal stroke where the shuttle is
followed over the net.

- If a player deliberately distracts an opponent by any action such

as shouting or making gestures.

- If the shuttle is caught and held on the racket and then slung
during the execution of a stroke.

- If the shuttle is hit twice in succession by the same player with

two strokes.

- If the shuttle is hit by a player and the player's partner

successively or touches a player's racket and continues towards
the back of that player's court.

- If a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent offences

under Law of Continuous Play, Misconduct, Penalties.

- If, on service, the shuttle is caught on the net and remains

suspended on top, or, on service, after passing over the net is
caught in the net.

Lets

'Let' is called by the umpire, or by a player (if there is no umpire),

to halt play.

A 'let' may be given for any unforeseen or accidental

occurrence.The rules of badminton consider the following as
'lets':
- If a shuttle is caught in the net and remains suspended on top
or, after passing over the net, is caught in the net, it shall be a
'let' except on service.

- If, during service, the receiver and server are both faulted at the
same time, it shall be a 'let'.

- If the server serves before the receiver is ready, it shall be a

'let'.

- If, during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base

completely separates from the rest of the shuttle, is shall be a
'let'.

- If a line judge is unsighted and the umpire is unable to make a

decision, it shall be a 'let'.

- A 'let' may occur following a service court error. When a 'let'

occurs, the play since the last service shall not count and the
player who served shall serve again, except where in situations
where the Law of Service Court Errors is applicable.

Shuttle not in play

A shuttle is not in play when it strikes the net and remains

attached there or suspended on top.

A shuttle is not in play when it strikes the net or post and starts
to fall towards the surface of the court on the striker's side of the
net.

A shuttle is not in play when it hits the surface of the court or a

'fault' or 'let' has occurred.

Continuous play, misconduct, penalties

Play shall be continuous from the first service until the match is
concluded, except as allowed in intervals not exceeding 90
seconds between the first and second games, and not exceeding
5 minutes between the second and third games.

Officials and appeals

The referee is in overall charge of the tournament. The umpire,

where appointed, is in charge of the match, the court and its
immediate surrounds. The umpire shall report to the referee. The
service judge shall call service faults made by the server should
they occur. A line judge shall indicate whether a shuttle landed
'in' or 'out' on the line or lines assigned. An official's decision is
final on all points of fact for which that official is responsible.

An umpire shall:

- Upload and enforce the Rules of Badminton and, especially, call

a 'fault' or 'let' should either occur.

- Give a decision on any appeal regarding a point of dispute, if

made before the next service is delivered.

- Ensure players and spectators are kept informed of the

progress of the match.

- Appoint or remove line judges or a service judge in consultation

with the referee.

- Where another court official is not appointed, arrange for that

official's duties to be carried out.

- Where an appointed official is unsighted, carry out the official's

duties or play a 'let'.

- Record and report to the referee all matters in relation to

continuous play, misconduct and penalties.

- Take to the referee all unsatisfied appeals on questions of law

only. (Such appeals must be made before the next service is
delivered, or, if at the end of the game, before the side that
appeals has left the court.)

RULES OF TABLE TENNIS

BASIC RULES OF TABLE TENNIS AS PER THE ITTF

The Table
The upper surface of the table, known as the playing surface,
shall be rectangular, 2.74m long and 1.525m wide, and shall lie in
a horizontal plane 76cm above the floor. The playing surface
shall not include the vertical sides of the tabletop. The playing
surface may be of any material and shall yield a uniform bounce
of about 23cm when a standard ball is dropped on to it from a
height of 30cm. The playing surface shall be uniformly dark
coloured and matte, but with a white side line, 2cm wide, along
each 2.74m edge and a white end line, 2cm wide, along each
1.525m edge. The playing surface shall be divided into 2 equal
courts by a vertical net running parallel with the end lines, and
shall be continuous over the whole area of each court. For
doubles, each court shall be divided into 2 equal half-courts by a
white centre line, 3mm wide, running parallel with the side lines;
the centre line shall be regarded as part of each right half-court.

The Net Assembly

The net assembly shall consist of the net, its suspension and the
supporting posts, including the clamps attaching them to the
table. The net shall be suspended by a cord attached at each end
to an upright post 15.25cm high, the outside limits of the post
being 15.25cm outside the side line. The top of the net, along its
whole length, shall be 15.25cm above the playing surface. The
bottom of the net, along its whole length, shall be as close as
possible to the playing surface and the ends of the net shall be
attached to the supporting posts from top to bottom.

The Ball
The ball shall be spherical, with a diameter of 40mm. The ball
shall weigh 2.7g. The ball shall be made of celluloid or similar
plastics material and shall be white or orange, and matt.

The Racket
- The racket can be any size, shape or weight but the blade shall
be flat and rigid.
- The surface covering material shall be matt and bright red on
one side and black on the other.
- At least 85% of the blade thickness shall be of natural wood.

Definitions
- A rally is the period which the ball is in play.
- A let is a rally of which the result is not scored.
- A point is a rally of which the result is scored.
- The server is the player due to strike the ball first in the rally.
- The receiver is the player due to strike the ball second in a
rally.
- The ball shall be regarded as passing over or around the net
assembly if it passes anywhere other then between the net and
the net post or between the net and the playing surface.

The Service
Service shall start with the ball resting freely on the open palm of
the server's stationary free hand. The server shall then project
the ball near vertically upwards, without imparting spin, so that it
rises at least 16cm after leaving the palm of the free hand and
then falls without touching anything before being struck. As the
ball is falling the server shall strike it so that it touches first his
or her court and then, after passing over or around the net
assembly, touches directly the receiver's court; in doubles, the
ball shall touch successively the right half court of server and
receiver. From the start of service until it is struck, the ball shall
be above the level of the playing surface and behind the server's
end line, and it shall not be hidden from the receiver by the
server or his or her doubles partner or by anything they wear or
carry. As soon as the ball has been projected, the server’s free
arm and hand shall be removed from the space between the ball
and the net.
The space between the ball and the net is defined by the ball, the
net and its indefinite upward extension. It is the responsibility of
the player to serve so that the umpire or the assistant umpire
can be satisfied that he or she complies with the requirements of
the Laws, and either may decide that a service is incorrect. If
either the umpire or the assistant umpire is not sure about the
legality of a service he or she may, on the first occasion in a
match, interrupt play and warn the server; but any subsequent
service by that player or his or her doubles partner which is not
clearly legal shall be considered incorrect. Exceptionally, the
umpire may relax the requirements for a correct service where
he or she is satisfied that compliance is prevented by physical
disability.
The Return
The ball, having been served or returned shall be struck so that it
passes over or around the net assembly and touches the
opponents court, either directly or after touching the
net assembly.

The Order of Play

In singles the server shall make a first service and the receiver
shall make a return and thereafter alternately shall each make a
return.
In doubles, the server shall first make a service, the receiver
shall then make a return, the partner of the server shall then
make a return, the partner of the receiver shall then make a
return and thereafter each player in turn in that sequence shall
make a return.

A Point
Unless the rally is a let, a player shall score a point
if an opponent fails to make a correct service;
if an opponent fails to make a correct return;
if, after he or she has made a service or a return, the ball touches
anything other than the net assembly before being struck by an
opponent;
if the ball passes over his or her court or beyond his or her end
line without touching his or her court, after being struck by an
opponent;
if an opponent obstructs the ball;
if an opponent deliberately strikes the ball twice in succession;
if an opponent strikes the ball with a side of the racket blade
whose surface does not comply with the requirements of 2.4.3,
2.4.4 and 2.4.5;
if an opponent, or anything an opponent wears or carries, moves
the playing surface;
if an opponent, or anything an opponent wears or carries,
touches the net assembly;
if an opponent's free hand touches the playing surface;
if a doubles opponent strikes the ball out of the sequence
established by the first server and first receiver;
as provided under the expedite system (2.15.4).
if both players or pairs are in a wheelchair due to a physical
disability and
his or her opponent does not maintain a minimum contact with
the seat or cushion(s), with the back of the thigh, when the ball
is struck;
his or her opponent touches the table with either hand before
striking the ball;
his or her opponent's footrest or foot touches the floor during
play.
as provided under the order of play (2.8.3).

A Game
A game shall be won by a player or pair first scoring 11 points
unless both players or pairs score 10 points, when the game shall
be won by the first player or pair subsequently gaining a lead of 2
points.

A Match
A match shall consist of the best of any odd number of games.