INTEGRATING SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY INTO

PHYSICAL FACILITIES OF MUALAF DEVELOPMENT

CENTRE

BY

IMAN SUMAYYAH BINTI YASMIN

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY

MALAYSIA

JUNE 2019
 INTEGRATING SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY INTO
PHYSICAL FACILITIES OF MUALAF DEVELOPMENT
CENTRE, PERKIM VILLAGE

BY

IMAN SUMAYYAH BINTI YASMIN

A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the

degree of Bachelor of Applied Arts and Design (Hons)

Kuliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design

International Islamic University Malaysia

MAY 2019
 ABSTRACT

New Muslim Converts usually face problems such as being deserted by family members,

emotional problems, financial and others. If they are not strong enough to bear all these

challenges, they might revert back to their previous religion. Persatuan Kebajikan Islam

Malaysia (PERKIM) is an non-government organization (NGO) that helps support

mualaf in living their life after reverting to Islam. PERKIM Selangor has established a

building specifically to generate revenue to run their organization. The premise is called

PERKIM Vilage, located at Seksyen 8, Shah Alam. The building manages to generate

the targeted income, however the building program is not inclusive of the PERKIM’s

services, mission and vision. In the long run, PERKIM would need a physical facility to

run their Mualaf programs. Thus, this thesis is to investigate the physical facilities that

can make the building socially sustainable in the long term, for current use as well as

for the future generation of mualafs. The focus of this study is to understand the concept

of social sustainability, and its integration into the physical facilities of the PERKIM

Village. The thesis suggests that it is possible to quantify these factors and to make

comparisons and draw conclusions based on the results. After determining the facilities
needed for a socially sustained building, the proper spatial planning were identified in

order to make the building program run smoothly. The factors that attract visitors to the

building were also studied in order to make the premise achieve its purpose and also

become still relevant in the future. 100 respondents were chosen as the sample for the

research. The data were also collected from in-depth interviews and semi-structured

questionnaires.

Keywords: Mualaf centre, Reverted Muslim, Behavior towards module

 APPROVAL PAGE

I certify that I have supervised and read this study and that in my opinion, it conforms
to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and
quality, as a thesis for the degree of Bachelor of Applied Arts and Design.

.........................................
Asst Prof. Dr.Noraini Ahmad
Thesis Supervisor

I certify that I have read this study and that in my opinion it conforms to acceptable
standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a
thesis for the degree of Bachelor of Applied Arts and Design

.........................................
Asst. Prof. Dr. Harlina Md Sharif
Thesis Coordinator

This thesis was submitted to the Department of Applied Arts and Design and is accepted
as a fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Applied Arts and Design

.........................................
Asst Prof. Ts. Dr. Arita Hanim
Awang
Head, Department of Applied
Arts and Design
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this thesis is the result of my own investigations, except where

otherwise stated. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently submitted

as a whole for any other degrees at IIUM or other institutions.

Iman Sumayyah binti Yasmin

Signature: ........................................................ Date: ...........................................

 INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

DECLARATION OF COPYRIGHT AND AFFIRMATION OF

FAIR USE OF UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH

PERKIM MUALAF DEVELOPMENT CENTER: MUALAF’S

BEHAVIOR TOWARDS FACILITIES AND DESIGN ISSUES

I declare that the copyright holders of this dissertation are jointly owned by the student
and IIUM.

Copyright © 2016 Nurkamiliyana Ali and International Islamic University Malaysia. All rights reserved.

No part of this unpublished research may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,

or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the copyright holder
except as provided below

1. Any material contained in or derived from this unpublished research may be

used by others in their writing with due acknowledgment.

2. IIUM or its library will have the right to make and transmit copies (print or
electronic) for institutional and academic purposes.

3. The IIUM library will have the right to make, store in a retrieved system and
supply copies of this unpublished research if requested by other universities
and research libraries.

By signing this form, I acknowledged that I have read and understand the IIUM Intellectual

Property Right and Commercialization policy.

Affirmed by Iman Sumayyah binti Yasmin

.......................................................... ...............................................

Signature Date
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All glory is due to Allah, the Almighty, whose Grace and Mercies have been with me
throughout the duration of my programme. Although, it has been tasking, His Mercies
and Blessings on me ease the herculean task of completing this thesis.

I would like to express utmost gratitude and special thanks my supervisor,

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Noraini Ahmad, for her continuous guidance, kindness, thoroughness
and encouragement have been a significant support in the completion of my work. I
appreciate her detailed remarks and suggestions which have incredibly improved this
thesis.

My special thanks also goes to Asst. Prof. Dr. Harlina Md Sharif for guiding me
and for spending her time to help me with this research. My infinite thanks also goes
to all the lecturers of Applied Arts and Design who have been teaching and guiding me
throughout my years in International Islamic University Malaysia.

I must also thank Ar. Muhammad Amirruddin Shah for challenging my thinking
by helping me question assumptions and view the issues from multiple perspectives. He
had inspired me to become passionate about my subject study and really put consideration
into finding the best solution to the challenges arose. Thank you for listening, offering
me advice, and supporting me through this entire process. This journey would have
been a thousand times more difficult without your support.

Lastly, my gratitude goes to my beloved parents for their incomparable support.

This journey would not have been possible without the support of my family, professors
and mentors, and friends. May Allah bless us all.
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
CONTENTS
 CHAPTER 1:INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

In this Introductory Chapter the rationale for this study is explained and an overview

of the thesis is provided. The Chapter starts off by presenting the context within which

this study was conducted as well as the researcher‟s background. This is followed by

definition of terms that are commonly used in the thesis. It then proceeds to explain

the rationale and objectives of the study. The theoretical background used in this

study, mualaf development centre physical facilities and social sustainability, are

briefly outlined. Finally, an overview of the way in which the study was conducted is
provided., such as research questions, research aim and objectives, research gap and a

biruef methodology structure carried out for this research.

1.2 BACKGROUND STUDY

Mualaf’ is a common term in labeling reverted non-Muslims to the religion

of Islam in Malaysia. Factors that contribute to the reverting of religion to Islam in

Malaysia are divided into two factors, i.e. internal and external. The internal factors are

of religious education, marriage, divorce, parents, and economic life. Meanwhile, the

external factors are the environment, friends influence, religious da’wah missionary

movements, and Islamic educational system.

Normally, a Mualaf would have to face some consequences to living a life as

a new Muslim revert, one of them is to be an abandoned from the community of their

previous religion, due to them embracing other faith that is not their own. Economical

problems is also a major challenge for mualaf as they are isolated by Islamiphobic

employers (Ariffin, 2003). The mualaf would then need emotional, psychological and

economical support from their new Muslim brothers and sisters.

Mualaf Center is one of the implementation of support and help provided by

organizations in order to ensure that their life after converting is not as difficult as they

are. From this condition, it can be said that Malaysia needs to have a mualaf center that

can cater the development of Mualaf.

Pertubuhan Kabajikan Islam Se-Malaysia, or All Malaysia Muslim Welfare

Association, founded in 1960 as religious and social welfare organization. Its principal

goal is promotion of Islam as a national religion, with particular emphasis on voluntary

conversion of the non-Malay population. PERKIM Bahagian Selangor built a complex

at Seksyen 8, Shah Alam as a means for income revenue to run the Organization. Called

Perkim Village @ Shah Alam, the complex spans 2,453 sq m and has a main hall,

seminar rooms, cafe, surau and space for programmes. The complex is opened for

rental to firms and individuals to generate revenue for PERKIM Selangor. According to

Mokhtar Ismail, CHief Executive Officer of the building, PERKIM Village generates

income to look after the interests of 38,000 Muslim converts registered with the body.

Based from observation an interview carried out, due to the encouraging amount

of revenue generated from the venue rentals, PERKIM now has sufficient allocation to

run their Mualaf Development Programs. However, now they are lacking of venues to

execute them. Thus, social sustainability plays a significant role in making the premise

self-sustain for current use, as well as for the future generation of mualaf.

Sustainability is often defined as “meeting the needs of today without

compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (The Brundtland

Commission, 1987). Another common approach to sustainability was first proposed by

Robert Goodlan in which he argues that sustainability is based on the interactions of

three key realms: Environmental (or ecologic), Social, and Economic. Social kurang

diberi perhatian.

In addition, the existing mualaf centre in general poor space planning. Positive

appearance should be integrated throughout the design of mualaf centre. It shall reflect

beauty of religion and subtly become a means of dakwah through interior design and

built environment.

1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT

1.3.1 Lack of Social Sustainability in Mualaf Development Centre

There are many prominent organizations that provides support and welfare services

for mualaf in Selangor. Pertubuhan Kebajikan Islam Malaysia (PERKIM) a non-

governmental organization that plays an important role in Islamic missionary and welfare
efforts in Malaysia, especially the mualafs. Various programs have been implemented

by PERKIM for the development of mualaf.

Their latest establishment for the development of mualaf is PERKIM Village,

located at Shah Alam. The premise is designed to generate revenue to run the organization

programs through hall venue rentals. According to the Building Manager, Artika Hassan

(2019), the building manages achieve the targeted revenue. However, they now need a

proper physical facilities to run their program for mualaf. Thus, the design and space

program of PERKIM Village is now insufficient to cater the needs of their organization.

Thus, the building lacks of social sustainability where it could not meet the needs of the

surrounding mualaf commnity currently as well as in the future.

1.3.2 Spatial Planning Inhibit Efficiency of Building Program

PERKIM Bahagian Selangor has an extensive program modules prepared for mualaf

registered under their organization. However, according to Artika Hassan (2019), the

interdisciplinary programs are difficult to run with the lack of proper spatial planning

and consideration on how to make their programs run efficiently and smoothly. Some

areas lacks of integration where community based activities are promoted whereas the

areas that requires privacy such as administration and private spaces would need more

segregation from the rest of the space.

1.3.3 Generic Design Concept is Not Attracting Visitors

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

In this research, the researcher has come out with few research questions. They are:

i. What are the types of physical facilities of Mualaf Development Centre

that can contribute to social sustainability?

ii. What is the most efficient spatial planning for the physical facilities of

the Mualaf Development Centre?

iii. How to make the Mualaf Development Centre appear welcoming and

appealing to the visitors?

1.5 RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The aim of this research is to integrate social sustainability into the Mualaf Development

Centre through physical facilities. It also to discover the spatial planning that make

the building program run efficiently. The research also aims to identify the design

solution that can make the centre welcoming, appealing and inviting. Thus, the outlined

objectives of this research is:

i. To understand the concept of social sustainability and identify the

physical facilities necessary to form a socially sustainable Mualaf Development

Centre.

ii. To identify an efficient spatial planning of the identified physical facilities

in order to make the visitor flow run more smoothly.

iii. To establish the design elements in terms of materials and finishes that
can make the visitors feel welcomed and drawn towards the centre.
 Problem Research Aim Research Research Research Outcome
Statement Question Objective Methodology
The lack of To integrate 1) What are 1) To i) Structured Identified
consideration social the types understand Interview necessary
on social sustainability of physical the concept ii) physical
sustainability into the facilities of social Questionnaire space that are
in determining physical of Mualaf sustainability iii) Literature integrated
the physical facilities of Development and identify review with social
facilities mualaf centre Centre that the physical sustainability
needed result along with can contributefacilities to cater current
in the mualaf efficient spatial to social necessary to and future
centre not planning and sustainability?
form a socially mualaf needs.
comprehensive appealing sustainable
and resilient appearance to Mualaf
for the use attract targeted Development
of future visitors to visit Centre.
generation and participate 2) What is 2) To identify i) Structured Efficient space
of mualaf. with the the most an efficient Interview planning
The various programs efficient spatial
spatial ii) according
space program offered by the planning for planning of Questionnaire to the
within the centre. the physical the identified iii) Literature administration
mualaf facilities of physical review and
development the Mualaf facilities in management
centre lacks Development order to make of PERKIM
of proper Centre? the visitor Selangor.
space planning flow run more
necessary for smoothly.
efficient for the
organizatio. 3) How to 3) To establish i) Attractive,
The make the the design Questionnaire appealing and
appearance of Mualaf elements ii) On-site welcoming
the building Development in terms of observation mualaf centre
itself. Centre appear materials and that draws
welcoming and finishes that surrounding
appealing to can make the community
the visitors? visitors feel to visit and
welcomed and participate
drawn towards with the
the centre. programs
offered.
1.6 DELIMITATION

Delimitations are choices made by the researcher which should be mentioned. They

describe the boundaries that have been set for this study. This research would be more

extensive and reliable if covers a wide study of the mualaf organizations in Selangor or

Malaysia as a whole. However, due to time constraint, budget and limited equipment and

tools for a more comprehensive study, the researcher has limited his work to investigate

the design of PERKIM Village mualaf centre only, hence the organization involved

would be PERKIM Bahagian Selangor and the targeted subject audience is the

community of Shah Alam area.

1.7 RESEARCH GAP

Sustainability

Sustainability

Sustainability

Local context
Mualaf issues

Environment

Economy

Mualaf
Centre
Pengajaran Pendidikan Islam Terhadap Muallaf: Social
Satu Tinjauan Literatur (Ariffin,2013)
Integrating Social Sustainability within
the design of a building (Moberg, Widen, 2016)
Urban Social Sustainability Contributing Factors
in Kuala Lumpur Streets (Ghahramanpouri, et.
al., 2015)
Muallaf Center Design as an Implementation of
Psycological and Economical Effect for Muallaf
in Malaysia (Yudha, 2016)
Malaysian News Report on Muslim Converts’
Issues: A Study on Malaysiakini (Sahad,
Abdullah, Abdullah, 2013)
Design for Social Sustainability: A framework for
creating thriving new communities (Woodcraft,
2012)

1.8 SCOPE OF STUDY

1.9 METHODOLOGY

1.9.1 PRIMARY DATA

There are two types of data obtained to carry out this research, namely Primary Data and

Secondary Data. The primary data source of data comprise of two core methodologies
that are through interview, questionnaires and site analysis.

1.9.1.1 Interviews

Interviews are an appropriate method when there is a need to collect in-depth information

on people’s opinions, thoughts, experiences, and feelings. For this research, interview

sessions has been conducted with Complex Manager PERKIM Selangor, Mrs. Artika

Hassan regarding the information about the organization, the module and programs

carried out for the mualaf, and the space planning preferred to make their program run

efficiently. An interview had also been carried out with Ar. Amirruddin Shah, an architect

and Advanced Architecture scholar from RMIT, Melbourne to study information about

social sustainability and its application on local context and the subject matter.

1.9.1.2 Questionnaires

To address the research aim and objectives, a questionnaire exploring the mualaf under

PERKIM Selangor’s opinion on the physical facilities they needed and their preferred

design for the mualaf centre. The questionnaires were structured based from the literature

review and the conceptual definition of social sustainability according to the referred

journals. In total 100 mualafs responded and gave information to meet the requirement

to design the mualaf development centre.

1.9.1.3 Site Observations

The proposed site for the mualaf development centre were thoroughly studied and

analyzed. Data were obtained pertaining to the site information such as physical

conditions, exterior form and interior details. Site analysis were carried out to further

understand about the building and its potential before proposing any design solutions

and decision.

1.9.2 SECONDARY DATA

To complement the primary data metioned, the researcher has taken an initiative to

further obtain information on designing mualaf development centre by studying

literature reviews and references from reliable resources. The secondary data were

obtained through various methods such as by referring books, journals, websites as well

as conducting case studies on similar premises of mualaf development centre in Kuala

Lumpur and Selangor area.

1.9.2.1 Case Study and Observation

The proper way to understand comprehensively the current standard and room for
improvements for the deisgn of mualaf development centre is by carrying out case

studies and observation on similar buildings. The case studies were chosen specifically

to observe and understand the basis of the building design, such as space planning,

space program, physical facilities and aesthetic aspect. The relationship between the

program offered by the respective mualaf organization with the physical facilities

required were thoroughly studied and analyzed. Overall, all the findings were useful in

determining the requirement for the space of mualaf centre, such as gallery, classrooms,

collaborative area, gathering hall, and resource centre.

1.9.2.2 Literature Review from Published Materials

Literature review refers to the collection of scholarly writings on a topic. (Laverne.

libguides.com, 2013). This includes peer-reviewed articles, books, dissertations and

conference papers. Published dissertations by scholars and related books pertaining to

the topic of social sustainability and mualaf development were referred.

1.9.2.3 Internet Sources

Reliable academic source found on the internet were also taken into note for this

research. Only recognized and reliable internet sources were taken into account, such as

sources with authorship and verifiable pertaining to mualaf, mualaf development centre

physical facilities and social sustainability.

1.10 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

The findings of this study will redound to the benefits of the society considering the facts

that there are many reverted Muslims need complete emotional and physical support after

their transition. The greater the demands and problems faced by the reverted Muslims

justifies for the needs of a comprehensive, efficient and complete life-changing Mualaf

Development Centre. Thus, Mualaf Center that apply the recommended approach

derived from this study will be able to provide services and support the reverted Muslims

better. Non-government and government organizations all can benefit by using this as

a guideline in designing a centre for Mualaf. Mualaf themselves will have a one-stop

centre that can cater and solve their challenges in their life after becoming a better
Muslim. Meanwhile, researchers can benefit from this study by uncover critical areas in

designing Mualaf Centre that many researchers have not go through yet.
1.11 ORGANIZATION OF CHAPTERS

Chapter Title Content

Chapter One Introduction In Chapter One, a compelling case is made

regarding the problem under investigation,

the purpose of the study, and research

questions to be investigated. Where

applicable, the theoretical or conceptual

framework upon which the dissertation is

basedare also introduced.

Chapter Two Literature Review Chapter Two serves as the foundation on

which the study is built and as a basis for

discussing results and interpretations. It

summarizes what is known and identifies

what is unknown about the topic of the

dissertation study.
Chapter Three Methodology The research design is described in sufficient

detail in Chapter Three to give a clear

understanding of how the study will be

conducted. It is presented as to show the

reliability of the data obtained through the

techniques and tools the research plans

to use to analyze and summarize the data.

Chapter Four Findings and In this chapter, a factual reporting of the

Data Analysis study results is presented. Findings are

organized based from the research questions.

Tables, graphs and charts are used to

summarize information.
 Chapter Five Design Chapter Five is a form of implementation of

Development and the research findings from the data obtained

Proposal and analyzed. The implementation comes in

the form of design development and proposal

of the mualaf development centre, PERKIM

Village.
Chapter Six Conclusions and In this final chapter, the implications of the

Recommendation study findings are discussed. This include

implications for the current study as well as

implications for future research. The findings

are integrated with the theory employed in

the first chapter and the body of knowledge

presented in the second chapter. The chapter

ends with a cogent conclusion summarizing

the importance of the study findings.

1.11.2-4 Organisation of Chapters

1.12 CHAPTER SUMMARY

 CHAPTER 2:LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter provides an overview of previous research on knowledge sharing and

intranets. It introduces the framework for the case study that comprises the main focus

of the research described in this thesis. The main purpose of the literature review work

was to survey previous studies on knowledge sharing and intranets. This was in order to

scope out the key data collection requirements for the primary research to be conducted,

and it formed part of the emergent research design process (Denscombe, 1998, p. 217).

The approach adopted was previous research works from various authors and scholars,
locally and international, pertaining to mualaf, physical facilities of mualaf development

centre as well as social sustainability were studied and analyzed in order to withdraw a

thorough understanding of the conceptualization of each variable.

2.2 MUALAF IN SELANGOR

2.2.1 Definition of Mualaf

The term ‘Mualaf’ in Malaysia is commonly used to label newly reverted Muslims.
According to the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary & Thesaurus (2019), the

term ’convert’ means “someone who changes their beliefs or ways of living”.

Mualaf includes the new Muslim converts whose faith in Islam are still weak

(al-Zuhayliyy, 1995). The term Mualaf is mentioned in the Al-Quran which is ‘Al-

Mualafat qulubuhum’, meaning society or individual whose hearts are interested and at

peace with Islam (Nabih Amin Faris, 1996). Mualaf is also defined as a group of people

who are initially disbelievers and but had embraced Islam by pronouncing two kalimah

syahadah (Nur A’thiroh Masyaa’il Tan, 2007).

According to Majlis Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan’s website, ‘Mualaf’ are

described as those who were enlightened in their hearts and have tendency to embrace
Islam as their religion; or already converted to Islam but still not firm in their belief

and practice. They are divided into two groups; the first group is Muslims, either new

converts or firm believers and the second group comprises of non-Muslims that can be

encouraged to embrace Islam or to not harm Muslims in any way.

From the description mentioned, it can be concluded that Mualaf is a non-

Muslim individual or a community that have tendency or intend to embrace Islam or

already have converted to Islam by the means of reciting shahadah.

2.2.2 Rights of Mualaf in Islam

Islam is a comprehensive religion that always stress on fulfilling everyone’s rights,

especially the mualaf. They need to be supported in the new chapters of their life as

a Muslim. According to Jabatan Agama Islam Malaysia, after a person converts to

Islam, they have rights to get zakat, circumcision (for male only), worship equipment,

and funeral. Morover, they are entitled to receive support for a place for living,

marriage, medicine, and Islamic education.

Zakat is one of the pillars of faith in Islam that focuses on strengthening socio-

economic development between Muslims. Discussion on zakat in the aspect of worship

cannot be separated from the socio-economic factor, especially in helping those in need

(al-Qardawi 1987). According to Mahyuddin Haji Abu Bakar (2011), zakat distribution

to the Mualaf can contribute to strengthen their faith and thus creates a sense of belonging

among Muslims to help those who are in need. Zakat is not only welfare-oriented that

relies on the contribution of the giver, it is also an obligation that must be carried out to

the recipients of “those hearts that need softening”. There is a phrase mentioned in

the Qur’an in Surah Al-Tawbah: 60, which means:

“Zakat is for: the poor, the destitute, those who collect it, reconciling people’s
hearts (Mualaf), frees slaves, spending in the way of Allah, and travellers.
It is a legal obligation from Allah. Allah is all knowing, all wise”.

In Selangor, through Lembaga Zakat Selangor (LSZ), has collected

MYR616,526,812 of zakat and has successfully allocated MYR45,126,469 to

the identified mualaf in 2017. In relation to this, Parid (2001) highlighted that the

zakat distribution for the poor and needy must be made efficiently of which they are

given enough to prepare basic support to sustain their lives. In addition to that, zakat

distribution must be sufficient to give comfort for the recipient and their households.

This also to ensure that their standard of living is better than just sufficient.

Thus, to the survival of comfortable life from zakat circulation, the allocation of

zakat must not only cater for the mualaf’s basic necessities but it must also be enough to

help them to develop their zakat fund. If not, they will only continue to wait to receive

zakat in the following years. The allocations from should become a means for the

governments and Islamic organizations to overcome economic issues or to stabilize

the Muslim economy especially the new Muslim converts rather than temporary support.

2.2.3 General Process of Becoming Mualaf

Generally, for one non-Muslim to be interested or convert to Islam would have to go

through certain process in their life (Yudha, 2016). The processes are; the first phase is

to become a Muslim. It is further divided into six steps, i.e. to understand the meaning

of becoming a Muslim, to understand the Quran, to articulate shahadah on their own, to

enunciate the shahadah in front if two testifiers to become a Muslim legally, to consult

with religious people, and lastly to purify themselves by taking a bath. Beside the six

first steps, there is another step that should be taken by the males, which is

khatan or circumcision. It is a part of maintaining the human purity (Baits, 2014).

Moreover, there is another step is to legalize the religion for mualaf, by reporting to

the government to get a new identity card (“Registration Procedure for New Muslim

Converts”, 2010).

The second phase of becoming a mualaf is the continuity of life in Islamic ways.

The second phase consists of five steps, i.e. fulfilling the obligation in Islam, obey the

Muslim laws and ethics, to understand and do the five principles of Islam, and lastly,

believe in the six faith principles.

 Lastly, the third phase is phase to strengthen the faith by continuously learning

about Islam. The last phase to be a mualaf is to strengthen the faith to Allah by reading

Qur’an, learning the Islamic laws, ethics and knowledge and improve their behavior

towards becoming a better Muslim.

2.2.4 Issues of Mualaf in Selangor

There will always be circumstances when bringing in new changes in life. There is an

inevitable challenges process of transitioning between one place to another for a better

cause. Mualaf usually face challenges and threats after embracing Islam as their new

religion.
In a study carried out by Suhaila Abdullah (2006) demonstrated that there are

certain problems faced by Malaysian Chinese-Muslim converts after their conversion

to Islam. Even though this research was mainly focused on Malaysian Chinese-Muslim

converts, the stated problems are similar to that of Muslim converts in Malaysia faces.

These problems might lead negative feelings to gradually build up in time for the

converts before, during and after their conversion. The researcher has highlighted the

problems faced by Malaysian converts in her study such as; having a place of residence,

cultural shock in transformation of identity, the effects of being referred to as mualaf

in Malaysia, the weakness of faith and aqidah among the new Muslim converts,

acceptance by Malay society who are Muslims naturally, financial problems, lack of

necessary Islamic knowledge, misunderstanding and misconception of Islam early on,

isolated by Muslim family, confidential conversion from friends and family, fear of

losing Chinese identity, having to change to Islamic name, confusion of converting to

Islam or becoming Melayu, ill-treatment from Muslim community or racial issues of

Islamic conversion, loss of jobs due to Islamic conversion, lack of support from Muslim

community, inferiority complex when with the Muslim community, uninviting attitudes

of religious authorities, the challenges during the conversion and with the registration

procedures, attending in obligated official Islamic classes after converting or Islamic

compulsory courses over an extended period of time .

The problems of Muslim converts need to be tackled efficiently as failure in

resolving the issues might lead them to have negative perceptions towards Islam. The

issues identified should be given serious concern and consideration by the religious

authorities to ensure that they will stay in the Islam path permanently.

2.3 PERKIM SELANGOR

2.3.1 Background

Islam is a religion that puts weight on da’wah activities, its dispersion and development.

thus, there are many local Islamic organizations that caters services for mualaf in the
effort to spread Islam in Malaysia.

There are many prominent organizations that provides support and welfare

services for mualaf in Selangor. Majlis Agama Islam Selangor is a very important

govenrmental organisation that put mualaf as one of their main causes.

Pertubuhan Kebajikan Islam Malaysia (PERKIM) a non-governmental

organization that plays an important role in Islamic missionary and welfare efforts

in Malaysia, especially the mualafs. Various programs have been implemented by

PERKIM for the development of mualaf.

Other than PERKIM, there are many organisations that are responsible in

supporting mualaf programs, such as Majlis Agama Islam Selangor (MAIS), Hidayah

Centre Foundation (HCF), Multiraces Reverted Muslims (MRM) and others.

2.3.2 History

Pertubuhan Kebajikan Islam Malaysia (PERKIM) was founded by Almarhum YTM

Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj and legally registered on 19 August 1960. After its

establishment, Tunku was appointed as an advisor until 1971 and elected as President

until 1989 (http://www.perkim.net.my/: 2010).

Now, PERKIM’s president is Y.A Bhg Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, who is also
the fourth and seventh Malaysian Prime Minister. According to the facts recorded, the

First YDP was Tan Sri Dato ‘SOK Ubaidullah (1960-1964), Second YDP; Tan Sri Haji

Yusoff Hj Ibrahim (1964-1968), Third YDP; Tan Sri Abd. Aziz Haji mohd Zain (1969-

1971), Fourth YDP; reunited by Tan Sri Haji Yusoff Hj Ibrahim (1972-1974), Fifth

YDP; YTM Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al Haj (1974-1989) and Sixth YDP; Y.A.B Tan

Sri Datuk Patinggi Dr. Haji Abdul Taib Mahmud (1989-2006) and the main leader of

PERKIM is Y.A Bhg Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (2006 to present) (Malaysian Islamic

Welfare Organization (PERKIM) brochure: t.th).

According to http://www.perkim.net.my/: (2010), PERKIM at the state level is

known as PERKIM Bahagian. There are 13 Bahagian throughout the country except

Sabah. The PERKIM Division Management is chaired by the PERKIM Division

Chairman appointed at the PERKIM General Meeting. PERKIM also has a female

division known as PERKIM Women and its position is equivalent to PERKIM Bahagian.

At the Bahagian level there are branch entities in each district. These branches are

managed by the Pengerusi Cawangan who are also elected at the PERKIM General

Meeting. The branch is responsible for reporting all activities to the PERKIM Bahagian

to ensure that it is in line with the PERKIM guidelines.

2.3.3 Service Provided

PERKIM is one of the Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) that plays an

important role in Islamic preaching to Muslim Brotherhood in Malaysia. There are

various programs of the National PERKIM to the Muslim Brotherhood through literary
studies through the missionary program of Islam to Muslims and Non Muslims, da’wah

programs through education, da’wah programs through welfare and da’wah activities

through publication.

According to PERKIM’s website (http://www.perkim.net.my/, 2010), PERKIM

focuses on 5 types of service for the benefit of the mualaf. The five services are:

i. Dakwah : To carry out da’wah programs to Muslims and non-Muslims

in an effective manner.
 ii. Education: Providing, managing and conducting Islamic education and

knowledge through all multi-platform of knowledge and information sharing.

iii. Welfare: To carry out all charity works and welfare assistance including

providing donations, scholarships and support to anyone qualified and carrying

out other charitable acts to the sick and the poor.

iv. Collaboration with other Islamic authorities and organizations:

Establishing cooperation with other Islamic organizations and bodies for the

advancement of Islam.

v. Other Services: To carry out other activities in the interest for progress

and development of Islam.

2.4 SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

2.4.1 Sustainability Concept

Sustainability is often defined as “meeting the needs of today without

compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (The Brundtland

Commission, 1987). Stated another way “Humanity has the ability to make development

sustainable to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the

ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (The Brundtland Commission,

1987).

Food, water, shelter, and clothing are “basic needs” on which there is universal

agreement. There is also general agreement that all individuals should have access to
proper sanitation, primary and secondary education, and basic health care.

Current discussions of sustainability also include items such as:

i. a clean, healthy, and appealing environment,

ii. meaningful and rewarding work, and

iii. full participation in a just and equitable society.

Another common approach to sustainability was first proposed by Robert

Goodland in which he argues that sustainability is based on the interactions of three key

realms: Environmental (or ecologic), Social, and Economic.

*insert logo of venn diagram

2.4.2 Social Sustainability Concept

Social sustainability is a new strand of discourse on sustainable development. It has

developed over a number of years in response to the dominance of environmental

concerns and technological solutions in urban development and the lack of progress

in tackling social issues in cities such as inequality, displacement, and livability.

Until now, there is no concrete definition of social sustainability, while various

definitions have been proposed (Manzi et al., 2010). Such variation can be explained

by the following easons found from previous works (Laguna, 2014; Ahman; 2013

Colantonio, 2010). First, is about the intangibility of the concept in compare to

a more tangible and measurable concept of other pillars of sustainability, namely

environmental and economical sustainability. Therefore, some researchers (e.g. Litth

and Griessler,2005) use other social concepts instead of defining the concept itself.

Second, it is due to the multi-disciplinary approaches to execute the concept that

result in a challenging confusion in the concept and a lack of solid meaning for social
sustainability, as researchers and scholars from many disciplines are trying to defining

and conceptualizing it in a variety of ways. Third, the nature of the social sustainability

that is multifaceted leads to various definitions depending on a varying scale, perspectives

and scopes. Fourth, the social sustainability concept itself is dynamic in nature, since it

is associated with people and society and their changing conditions and needs. In this

case, there will always be a researcher or author suggesting improvement of the one(s)

they provided earlier. Thus, it can be agreed that the concept is very much concept

dependent, and that the local perspective is always emphasized, it is obvious that varied

definitions existed are subjected to different localities.

Reviewing the existing definitions of social sustainability suggested within

various built environment disciplines, it is revealed that there are in fact a common

characteristics that can be noticed in these definitions. According to Ghahramanpouri,

Abdullah, Sedaghantnia, and Lamit (2015), the researchers had went through various

definitions suggested by Polese and Stren (2000), Chiu (2003), McKenzie (2004),

Bradley and Lee (2005), littig and Griessler (2005), Magis and Shinn (2009), Colantonio

(2010), Karupannan and Sivam (2011), Bacon et al. (2012), Woodcraft (2011), Laguna

(2014) and three main referred characteristics of social sustainability had been extracted.

The characteristics of each category together with three definitions for each category are

shown in Table 1.
Characteristics Definition
Satisfaction of needs A condition where extended set of basic

needs are met for all resident regardless

of all their race/ethcinicity, age, religion,

gender, socioeconomic status or the ablity

and the highest possible level of social

inclusion and participation in community

life is promoted Laguna, 2014).

Socially cohesive and physically It describes the extent to which a

integrated neighbourhood supports individual

collective well being. Social sustainability

combines the design of the pysical

environment with a focus of how people

live and use the spaces, relate to each

other and function a s a community. It is

enhanced by development which provides

the right infrastructure to support a strong

social and cultural life, opportunities for

people to get involved , and a scope for

the place and the community to evolve.
Future focus Social Sustainability concerns the ability

of human beings of every generation to

not merely survive, but to thrive (Magis

& Shinn, 2009)

1.4.2-1 Definition of social sustainability by Ghahramanpouri et. al., (2015).

2.4.2.2 Satisfaction of needs (basic needs and access to resource)

It relates to both human and society. Relevant to individuals, it follows maslow’s

hierarchy of needs, and covers the physiological (food, water, health and safety), social

(relationships, confidence and mutual respect) and self actualization (creativity and

morality) levels (Ahman, 2013). On the other hand, it is about provided opportunities

and available resources in society (community level).

2.4.2.3 Socially cohesive and physically integrated

It is about relational aspects of society but also individual and personal aspects. the

significance of inter-relationships between social and physical worlds is highly

elaborated in the current extensive social sustainability literature. In many existing

definitions of social sustainability, physical setting os considered as being conducive

to cohabitaion, sociallty integrated and promoting well-being and quality of life of the

diverse group. Such communities are described as well as balanced and well connected

that can fulfil a wide range of those living or working there (Bacon et al., 2012).

2.4.2.4 Future focus (or Long Term Viabikity and Promotion)

It is indicated that social sustainability is primarily about valuing and protecting

positive aspects of cultures (McKenzie, 2004) and promoting current conditions

encompassing individuals, communities, societies and also ensuring the qualities

for the generations to come. It focuses on continuing ability of an urban setting

where survivals of human beings in addition to community thriving conditions

are guaranteed for generations for a long time (Ghahramanpouri, et. al., 2015).

2.5 CHAPTER SUMMARY

 CHAPTER 3:RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This section of the research describes the actions to be taken to investigate a

research problem and the rationale for the application of specific procedures or techniques

used to identify, select, process, and analyze information applied to understanding the

problem.

The researcher first construct research methodology structure when starting

this research. Problems and variables were identified followed by designing theoretical

framework. A theoretical framework consists of concepts and, together with their

definitions and reference to relevant scholarly literature, existing theory that is used for

this study. How data were collected, presented and analyzed were also considered and

followed with conclusions and recommendations from the findings.

Meanwhile, method of data collection in this study describes the specific

methods of data collection the researcher are going to use, such as, surveys, interviews,

questionnaires, observation, archival research.

3.2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY STRUCTURE

Problem Identification

• Identify statements of the problem

• Desribe undesirable symptoms
1st Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Theoretical framework & formulation of field of study/project

• The main research study guide with:
Research aim, research questions, research
objectives, research methodology and outcome
2nd Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Data Collection

Primary Data Secondary Data

• Questionnaire survey • Books and magazine
• Case Study • Internet
• On-site Observation • Published journles and articles
3rd Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Data Analysis

• Analyse data
• Questionnaire responds
• Synthesize data
4th Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Design Proposal

Analysis and finding

Design development
Design proposal

Environment Physical Psychology

Lighting Type of facilities and spaces Interaction of space user with:
Temperature Space Planning Physical
Ventilation Building services Environment

Proposed Design Concept

Proposed Space Planning
Technical drawings
Models
3D Perspectives
Presentation Boards
5th Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Recommendation & Conclusion

Suggestion of design proposal of
PERKIM Village
Conclusion of design study
6th Stage
...................................................................................................................................................
3.2.1 Stage 1: Problem Statement

The first and most important step in any research is to identify and delineate the research

problem. A research problem may be defined as an area of concern, a gap in the existing

knowledge, or a deviation in the norm or standard that points to the need for further

understanding and investigation. The research problems identified anchor the entire

study and forms the basis from which the following theoretical framework will be

constructed. The problems identified pertaining to the issues faced by mualaf in relation

to their development centre become the underlying issues that needs to be studied and

resolved.

3.2.2 Stage 2: Theoretical Design Framework

A theoretical framework is used to limit the scope of the relevant data by focusing on

specific variables and defining the specific viewpoint or framework that the researcher

will take in analyzing and interpreting the data to be gathered. It also facilitates the

understanding of concepts and variables according to given definitions and builds new

knowledge by validating or challenging theoretical assumptions.

The variables in this study were identified, such as social sustainability, mualaf

in Selangor, mualaf development centre and its physical facilities. The researcher then

reviewed related literature to find out how other scholars have addressed the variables

previously. Journals and research paperworks pertaining social sustainability and mualaf

issues were studied and analyzed to give more understanding on the related variables.

After the background knowledge, conceptual and theories has been covered, the

researcher then construct assumptions and propositions of the research theory and point

out its relevance to this research. Thus, the theoretical framework constructed becomes

the basic groundwork before collecting data and studying the relationship between the

identified issues and variables.

3.2.3 Stage 3: Data Collection

At this stage, the researcher plans on the methods and procedures to obtain the necessary

data for this study.

3.2.4 Stage 4: Data Analysis

Data analysis contains the presentation of the primary data and secondary data collected

through the questionnaires/interviews/focus groups/observation. Presentation of

primary data findings have been facilitated through tables, charts and diagrams. Brief

discussions have been included to explain each chart in an effort to answer the research

questions and achieve the research objectives.

3.2.5 Stage 5: Design Proposal

Design proposal stage constitutes discussions and analyses. This chapter plays a critical

role in the achievement of research aim and objectives. Findings of the literature review

have been compared to primary data findings in this chapter and become the basis of

the implementation of the design proposal. Design proposals of the mualaf development

centre are demonstrated through concept proposal, spatial planning, space program,

space user flow, technical drawings, 3D renderings and models of the thoroughly
considered design of mualaf development centre.

3.2.6 Stage 6: General Conclusion and Recommendations

This final stage concludes the work and summarizes the level of achievement of research

aim and objectives. Conclusions and recommendations comprises acknowledgment of

limitations of the study and highlights scope for future studies in the same research area.

3.3 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The researcher applied two methods of data collection techniques. This was done in

order to collect adequate and relevant data to address the research objectives of this
study.

3.3.1 Questionnaire

3.3.2 On-Site Observation

3.3.3 Literature Review

3.3.4 Structured Interview with Focus Group

Interview method is one of the ways to obtain primary data. In order to get some data

about the operation of the PERKIM Selangor and PERKIM Village, management and

activity module, an interview session has been conducted. The set of structure questions
had been prepared prior before interview session was carried out. The interview questions

were thoroughly structured in order to obtain sufficient information from the experts.

The person interviewd is Mrs. Artika Hassan, Building Manager of PERKIM Village.

3.4 CHAPTER SUMMARY
 CHAPTER 4:FINDINGS AND DATA ANALYSIS

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Chapter Four of this study reveals all the findings and its analysis. The aim of this study

was to determine the ways of physical facilities of mualaf development centre can be

determined with social sustainability as its main consideration. The questionnaire used

in this study was carefully analysed to ensure that the data gathered was presented

clearly with the aid of tables, percentages and graphs, where possible to find out the

answers to the stated research questions. Chart analysis was conducted to capture the

data essential to accomplish the research objectives.

4.2 QUESTIONNAIRE

4.2.1 Demographic Information

4.2.2 Survey Information

4.3 INTEGRATION OF SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY INTO PHYSICAL

FACILITIES OF MUALAF CENTRE ANALYSIS

4.3.1 Local Case Study:

4.3.2 International Case Study:

4.4 MUALAF DEVELOPMENT CENTRE SPATIAL PLANNING

ANALYSIS

4.4.1 Local Case Study:

4.4.2 International Case Study:

4.5 CURRENT DESIGN AESTHETIC OF COMMUNITY CENTRE

ANALYSIS

4.5.1 Local Case Study:

4.5.2 International Case Study:

4.6 SITE ANALYSIS

4.6.1 General Information

Name : PERKIM Village Shah Alam

Address : Jalan Liku 8/1, Seksyen 8, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor

Owner : PERKIM Bahagian Selangor

Architects : Ari Planning Sdn. Bhd.

Area : 18,000 sqft/ 2453.0 sqm

Project Year : 2018

4.6.2 Background

4.6.2.1 History

The building was built in 2018, as the first commercial project of PERKIM. The

complex is opened for rental to firms and individuals to generate revenue for Selangor

Perkim, which was established in 1964. The premise has one main hall, lobby area,

prayer rooms, and administrative office and parking lots.

4.6.2.2 Mission

The mission of the building is:

i. To generate income to fund PERKIM’s Selangor’s activities

ii. To provide a venue rental service to local communities

iii. to support community activities by providing a proper venue

iv. To host PERKIM’s Selangor events

4.6.3 SWOT Factors

4.6.3.1 Strength

The identified strengths of this site are:

i. Location at hotspot in Shah Alam area

 ii. Contemporary interior attract urbanite

iii. Very spacious

iv. Nice views from upperhill

v. Simple and convenient circulation

vi. OKU friendly

4.6.3.2 Weakness

The identified weaknesses of this site are:

i. Limited parking area

ii. Facade is too plain and dull

iii. Elecrical layout is not efficient - no centralised control room

iv. Building has many defects - window, wall

v. No elevators

4.6.3.3 Opportunity

The identified opportunities of this site are:

i. Fully design and furnish all the space

ii. Double volume gives room for creativity in utilising spacious high

ceiling

4.6.3.4 Threat

The identified threats of this site are:

i. No CP, SOP

ii. Placement of door not according to standard

iii. Broken fire door from improper installation

4.6.4 Physical Environment

4.6.4.1 Macro Scale

The site is located in suburban area in Shah Alam. It is at one of hotspot area in Shah

Alam, near the Shah Alam mosque. Neighbouring areas are Petaling Jaya, Kota

Kemuning, Bandar Sunway, Puchong, Bukit Jelutong.

4.6.4.2 Micro Scale

The site is accesible from many roads - Jalan Tepian, Persiaran Kayangan, Jalan

Permata, Jalan Jeram.

4.6.4.3 Nearby Facilities

The site is located in mixed development area. The nearby facilities found are Shah

Alam police HQ, Taman Botani Shah Alam, Masjid Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah,

Selangor Int Islamic Art Complex, Mahkamah Seksyen Shah Alam, SUK Selangor.

4.6.4.4 Sun and Wind Orientation

4.6.4.5 Noise Sources

4.6.4.6 Smell Sources

4.6.4.7

4.6.4.8 Vegetation Elements

4.6.5 Exterior Analysis

4.6.5.1 Form

4.6.5.2 Concept

4.6.5.3 Facade Materials.

4.6.6 Interior Analysis

4.6.6.1 Space Planning

4.6.6.2 Space Program
4.6.6.3 User Flow
4.6.7 Technical Drawings
4.7 CHAPTER SUMMARY
 CHAPTER 5: DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND PROPOSAL

5.1 INTRODUCTION

Design development and Proposal Chapter discusses the project background and

framework, project requirements boundaries, aims and objectives of this design

study. The client and target user were also analyzed to deduce a mualaf development

centre design that resilient for current and future use through the integration of social

sustainability and other design considerations for a more welcoming and inviting center.

Many aspects of interior design elements were considered and proposed; namely space

planning, selection of materials, form development, environmental design ie lighting,

air incl technical aircond plumbing.

5.2 PROJECT BACKGROUND

5.2.1 Project Justification

It has become the responsibility of every muslim to spread Islam. In fact, Islam is

growing religion, other than beranak - effort of organization kembangkan Islam.

However, the process of becoming a mualaf is more complex than just converting them.
Them adjustuing to new life requires a whole lot of effort - as they face issues internal

and external. Thus, mualaf organization needs to consider their premises, to cater the

needs of mualaf in Malaysia thoroughly. It is important for the authorities to thinsustain

the cycle of mualaf from da’wah to being able to re-integrate into society as a new

muslim. Thus, this project aims to find out how to integrate social sustainability of

mualaf community into the physical facilities by the organization.

5.2.2 Priority Needs

The priority needs of this project is to identify the insufficient facilities at the current

mualaf centre PERKIM village and pinpoint the necesary spaces for mualaf society
can develop in a sustainable manner, comprehensively and still relevant for the future

generation of mualaf to come.

5.2.3 The Approach (Type of Intervention)

Pragmatic approach to research (mixed methods)

The pragmatic approach to science involves using the method which appears best suited

to the research problem and not getting caught up in philosophical debates about which

is the best approach. Pragmatic researchers therefore grant themselves the freedom to

use any of the methods, techniques and procedures typically associated with quantitative

or qualitative research. They recognise that every method has its limitations and that the
different approaches can be complementary.

They may also use different techniques at the same time or one after the other.

For example, they might start with face-to-face interviews with several people or have

a focus group and then use the findings to construct a questionnaire to measure attitudes

in a large scale sample with the aim of carrying out statistical analysis.

Depending on which measures have been used, the data collected is analysed

in the appropriate manner. However, it is sometimes possible to transform qualitative

data into quantitative data and vice versa although transforming quantitative data into

qualitative data is not very common.

5.2.4 Project Aims and Objectives

After understanding the problems identified, the researcher aims to achieve in this study:
5.2.5 Design Framework

Problem Identification

• Identify statements of the problem

• Desribe undesirable symptoms
1st Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Theoretical framework & formulation of field of study/project

• The main research study guide with:
Research aim, research questions, research
objectives, research methodology and outcome
2nd Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Data Collection

Primary Data Secondary Data

• Questionnaire survey • Books and magazine
• Case Study • Internet
• On-site Observation • Published journles and articles
3rd Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Data Analysis
• Analyse data
• Questionnaire responds
• Synthesize data
4th Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Design Proposal

Analysis and finding

Design development
Design proposal

Environment Physical Psychology

Lighting Type of facilities and spaces Interaction of space user with:
Temperature Space Planning Physical
Ventilation Building services Environment

Proposed Design Concept

Proposed Space Planning
Technical drawings
Models
3D Perspectives
Presentation Boards
5th Stage
...................................................................................................................................................

Recommendation & Conclusion

Suggestion of design proposal of
PERKIM Village
Conclusion of design study
6th Stage
...................................................................................................................................................
5.3 THE CLIENT AND TARGET GROUP/USER

5.3.1 Client

5.3.2 Target User

5.3.2.1 Mualaf community Shah Alam

5.3.2.2 Community of Shah Alam

5.3.2.3 In house PERKIM Staff

5.4 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

5.5 DESIGN CONCEPT

5.6 FORM DEVELOPMENT

5.7 SPATIAL PLANNING

5.7.1 Schedule of Space Accommodation

Zoning Space Proposed Area Proposed Area (m2) Adjace

Percentage (%)
Gallery Gallery
Seating
Education
Welfare
Means
5.7.2 Visitors-Flow

5.7.3 Staff-Flow

5.7.4 Bubble Diagram and Space Relationship

5.7.5 Zoning

5.8 COLORS AND MATERIAL

5.9 LIGHTING

5.10 MOOD AND AMBIENCE

5.11 TECHNICAL DRAWINGS

5.12 3D PERSPECTIVE VIEWS

5.13 DESIGN POLICY

5.13.1 Final Model

5.13.2 Selected Area Model

5.14 TECHNICAL DRAWINGS

5.15 CHAPTER SUMMARY

 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

6.2 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

6.3 IMPLICATIONS OF FINDINGS

6.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

6.5 CONTRIBUTION TO KNOWLEDGE

6.6 RECOMMENDATION

6.7 FUTURE RESEARCH

REFERENCES
APPENDIX I
 A SURVEY OF

THE PHYSICAL FACILITIES REQUIRED FOR SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

INTEGRATION WITHIN MUALAF DEVELOPMENT CENTRE

Short disclaimer and explanation of the purpose of this questionnaire:

All data and answers takes will be treated as confidential.

The purpose of this questionnaire is to obtain detailed information on the physical

facilities required to design a mualaf development centre that is comprehensive
and socially sustainable. By doing this, we hope that this study will help improvise
current facilities for mualaf and helping them in capable of adapting to the social
environment around them and also can rebuild their economic life as before in
islamic ways.

After completion, please return this questionnaire to:

IMAN SUMAYYAH YASMIN

(Research Fellow)
KULIYYAH OF ARCHITECTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN,
INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA, JALAN GOMBAK,
53100 KUALA LUMPUR

LOCATION:

DATE:

TIME:

Thank you for your kind assistance in helping out with this questionnaire.
 (SECTION A)
BASIC INFORMATION

Please tick the answer for each question.

A1. How old are you? A5. Highest level of education:

Below 18 No schooling completed
19-25 High school
26-30 Diploma
31-40 Bachelor’s degree
40 and above Master’s degree
A2. What is your gender? Doctorate degree
Male A6. Occupation
Female Unemployed
A3. What is your Ethnic/Race? Pensioner/Retired
Malay Employed - Full time
Chinese Employed - Part Time
Indian Student
Others

A4. What is your religion?

Islam

Christian

Hindu

Buddhist

No religion/atheist

Others: ________________

A4. Marital Status

Single

Married

Separated/Divorced

Widowed
 (SECTION B)
ABOUT THE CENTRE

Please tick the answer for each question.

B1. Have you been to any PERKIM Mualaf Development Centre?

Yes No

B2. What time do you usually visit the centre?

Morning - 8AM-12PM

Afternoon - 12PM-6PM

Evening - 6PM-11PM

B3. How did you find out about the centre?

Newspaper or magazine

Radio or Television

Internet

Others……………………

B4. What is your level of satisfaction about the centre?

Very dissatisfied Disatisfied Neutral

Satisfied Very Satisfied

B5. Did the mualaf centre meet your expectations upon coming here?

Yes No

B6. Do you think that the interior of the mualaf development centre needs to be improved
to cater the needs of mualaf ?

Yes No

B7. In your opinion, why it is important to build a center for mualaf?

(you can choose more than one answer)

Introduction to Islam

Learning and teaching Islamic knowledge

Welfare support

Community-based activities

Show emotional and physical support

 (SECTION C)
PHYSICAL FACILITIES AND SATISFACTION OF NEEDS

Please tick the answer for each question.

How important are the following to you / your family:

Introduction Gallery

High Priority
Low Priority
Not Needed

Priority
1 2 3 4
How important is having a gallery showcasing the basics of
Islam, such as Pillars of Islam and Iman at the centre?
How important is having a gallery showcasing the displays
of Islamic objects or relics?
How important is having a gallery with multimedia display?

Teaching and Learning Facilities

How important is facilities for teaching and learning at the
mualaf centre?
How important is a lecture hall for teaching programs?
How important is a room for resident educators?
How important is a library or resource centre for the visitors?
How important are classrooms for learning programs
provided by PERKIM?

Welfare Services
How important are service counters to cater mualaf needs in
the centre?
How important is facilities for councelor consultation?
How important is on-site Childcare at the mualaf centre?
How important is a soup kitchen for mualafs in need of food
and fellowship?
How important is halfway accommodation for mualaf to re-
integrate into society?

Retail
How important is retail venues or shops for mualaf?
 (SECTION D)
SOCIALLY COHESIVE AND PHYSICALLY INTEGRATED PHYSICAL
FACILITIES

Please tick the answer for each question.

Community-based Programs

1 2 3 4
How important is having a gallery that
How important is having a gallery
How important is having a gallery with multimedia display?

Learning Programs
How important is having classrooms that is flexible for

various learning programs?

How important is having classrooms that is flexible for

programs other than learning?

How

Welfare Programs

Retail Programs
 (SECTION E)
PHYSICAL FACILITIES AND FUTURE FOCUS

Please tick the answer for each question.

Which of these facilities would you find still relevant and necessary in the future?

Community-based Programs
Recreational

Learning Programs
Vocational skills
Education

Welfare Programs
Counseling session
o Sleep/rest

Retail Programs
 (SECTION F)
DESIGNING A WELCOMING AND INVITING MUALAF CENTRE

F1. How can the design of mualaf development centre be welcoming and inviting
through the design of spaces?

(you can choose more than one answer)

Rigid unflexible spaces

Connecting interior space planning

Spacious spaces

Open spaces

F2. How can the design of mualaf development centre be welcoming and inviting
through the selection of materials?

(you can choose more than one answer)

Acoustic wall, ceiling, floor

Natural raw materials

 Spacious spaces

Open spaces

F2. How can the design of mualaf development centre be welcoming and inviting
through the selection of materials?

(you can choose more than one answer)

Connecting interior space planning

Spacious spaces

Open spaces

Interior and material finishes

To know people’s preference in terms of healing interior of a space

105

o Bring nature into interior spaces

o Custom furniture to encourage interaction

o Acoustic wall, ceiling and floor

Retail Programs