Design, Development and Fabrication of Groundnut Sheller Machine. Sppu
Design, Development and Fabrication of Groundnut Sheller Machine. Sppu
Design, Development and Fabrication of Groundnut Sheller Machine. Sppu
SPPU
Abstract
In India, most of the land is use for agricultural purpose which produces semi-
finished product or goods. Groundnut is one of the agricultural semi-finished goods.
Groundnut is grown on small scale farmers in developing countries like India. The
average kernel price is approximately twice the price of pod. . Lack of groundnut
processing machines, especially groundnut Sheller, is a major problem of groundnut
production, especially in our country India. In the beginning the peanuts were
separated from its shells by the workers. They simply decoct the groundnut by their
hands and separate the peanuts from its shell. The output got from this method, was
very low and it does not fulfill the market demand because it was very time
consuming process. A research-work for design, fabricate, and performance
evaluation of a groundnut Sheller consisting of feed hopper with a flow rate control
device, shelling unit, separating unit and power system. The performance of the
machine was evaluated in terms of throughput capacity, shelling efficiency, material
efficiency and mechanical damage. Regression models that could be used to express
the relationship existing between the Sheller performance indices, pod moisture
content and feed rate were establish. This paper describes about the design and
fabrication of various components of groundnut Sheller machine. Hence in this design
of various parts are necessary, and design of various parts due to which the design
quality of those parts will be improved. Overall, this project involves processes like
design, fabrication and assembling of different components etc.
1. Introduction
Groundnut (Arachis Hypogea) originated from latin America (Brazil) and was
introduced into West Africa by Portuguese traders in the 16th century.
Several shelling machines based on different techniques have been developed over
the years. Among these machines are hand-operated groundnut sheller, baby
groundnut sheller, powered rubber groundnut sheller to mention but few
(Rodriquez, 1985). Due to custom charges, these machines are very expensive and
are not affordable by the small-scale producers and farmers.
METHODS OF SHELLING
This project aimed at using anger shaft in the crushing of the pod to replace the
existing design. Also, to improve on the shelling capacity at low cost by using
locally – available materials. Then, the machine is evaluated based on shelling
efficiency and percentage material.
Questionnaire
Cost Analysis
Total = ₹ 16000
Profit = 35000 – 16000
= ₹ 28,980
= 28,980-19,000 = ₹ 9,980
Payback Period: The payback period is the length of time required to recover the
cost of an investment. Simply, it is determined by counting the number of years it
takes to recover the investment.
= (20,000) / (9,980)
= 2 Seasons
Return on Investment: Return on investment (ROI) is a ratio between the net profit
and cost of investment. A high ROI means the investment’s gains favorably to its cost.
= (9,980) / (20,000)
= 50 %
The aim is to design & develop a low cost ground nut shelling machine which will
help farmer to sell shelled groundnut instead of unshelled groundnut. Considering the
above problems we are going to design and fabricate such a machine that will
eliminate most of the problems from previous available manually shelling machine, so
human effort is reduced and getting more productivity, earn more profit to former.
1.2 Objectives
The main and basic objective is to make low cost groundnut shelling machine.
Another thing is that to shell maximum possible groundnut in shortest possible
time.
The machine should not damage the peanuts in order to earn profit.
The cost of a machine should be affordable to the farmers.
Space occupied by the machine should not be so large. It should be kept
within the land. The machine should not have excessive weight. It should be
such that it can be easily portable.
1.3 Scope
1. After commercialization, it will help marginal farmers.
1.4 Methodology
IDENTIFICATION OF
PROBLEM
Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering, B.E. Mechanical
5
Design, Development and Fabrication of Groundnut Sheller Machine. SPPU
OBJECTIVE
LITERATURE SURVEY
DEFINE PROBLEM
STATEMENT
DESIGN OF MACHINE
FABRICATION OF
MACHINE
ANALYSIS &
CONCLUSION
WITH FUTURE SCOPE
Rotor is made using simulus MS pipe with end capes and shaft pass through it.
Rotor and Water jet cutting and MIG welding process are used for manufauring sieve.
sieve
2. Literature Survey
This project is based on groundnut shelling. Properties of groundnut and peanuts are
mainly to be looked upon in the research paper. The properties such as dimensions,
breaking strength, the gap between the rotor and sieve from the manual machine. So
current research going on to reduce the power consumption of machine like
introducing solar system or more efficient system.
From the paper of Research on the fatigue behavior for peanut shelling, we studied
the fatigue behavior of peanut shells. One of the methods to be utilized in the shelling
of peanut is fatigue. It is well-known that fatigue results when a point of a material is
subjected to varying stress. In this research the pressure applied on a peanut is in the
static sense.[1]
From the paper of Engineering Properties Of Three Varieties Of Groundnut Pods
And Kernels, we used some engineering design related physical and mechanical
properties of three varieties namely; Manipintar, Local I and Local II of groundnut
pods and kernels such as dimensions, geometric mean diameter (GMD), sphericity,
surface area, bulk density, true density, porosity, volume, Mass, 1000- unit mass,
angle of repose, static coefficient of friction on various surfaces and rupture force in 3
axes.[2]
From the paper of Determination of Some Physical Properties of Three
Groundnut Varieties, we used some of the physical properties, such as weight, angle
of repose, coefficient of friction, bulk density, size, shape and moisture content of
three varieties of groundnuts namely ICGV-SM-93523, RMP-9 and RMP- 12 for
design purpose . [3]
From the paper of Estimation of Engineering Parameters for the Development of
a Groundnut Decorticator, we used the values of physical, thermal and mechanical
properties of groundnut for the development of efficient and effective groundnut
decorticator. Also, the estimation of these properties has been able to establish points
of reference that is required to achieve the desired results as optimal parameters for
effective and efficient shelling operations. [4]
From the paper of Effect of moisture content on some engineering properties of
groundnut pods and kernels, we have studied the effect of moisture content on some
engineering properties of groundnut pods and kernels. The properties investigated
were principal dimensions, porosity, bulk density, true density, angle of repose and
static coefficient of friction as dependent variables while moisture content is the
To design the rotor first we calculate the torque required to run the rotor for
shelling the groundnuts. We need to rotate rotor at 240 rpm,
Where,
V = 2.2054*10-3 m3
Mass = 0.75 kg
= 14.4 Nm
P = (2*3.14*240*14.4)/60
P = 361.9 W
Mass of rotor = 16 kg
Where,
η = 75%
Pf = 50 W
= 411.18 W
So we have to design pulleys to transfer power from motor to rotor shaft and
motor to fan.
N1D1 = N2D2
Where,
N1 = speed of motor
From above values we have selected the bearings from manufacturing catalogue as
per our requirements.
Pulley 1
Pulley 2
T1 = 9.86*T2----------------------------- (1)
τ = (T1- T2) *R
τ = 14.4 Nm
R = 0.096m
T1 = T2 + 150----------------------------- (2)
T1 = 167 N
T2 = 17 N
Selecting minimum,
τ = 0.75*τmax
= 0.75*44.4
Horizontal plane
α = 600
Wp = 106.2 N
Σ Ma = 0
R1 = 255.05 N
R2 = 131.15 N
Ma = 0 Nmm
Mb = 31470 Nmm
Mc = - 4248 Nmm
Md = 0 Nmm
Vertical plane
Self-Weight Ws = 160 N
Σ Ma = 0
R1 =235.62 N
R2 = 132.644 N
Ma = 0 Nmm
Mb = 31834.56 Nmm
Mc = -3560.6 Nmm
Md = 0 Nmm
Mb = ((31470)2+(31834.56)2)1/2
Kb = 2
KT = 1.5
Mb = 44763.83 Nmm
D = 30 mm.
= 347.228 N
= 186.533 N
Let,
P1 = Fr1 = 347.228 N
P2 = Fr2 = 186.533 N
Where,
N = 240 rpm
C1 = P1 * (L10)-1/3*Load factor
Load factor = 2
C1 = 4166.736 N
C2 = P2 * (L10)-1/3*Load factor
C2 = 2238.396 N
From the above obtained values we have have selected bearings from catalogue,
Bearing 1
C = 11200, C0 = 5850
D = 55 mm, B = 9 mm
Bearing 2
C = 3120, C0 = 2080
D = 42 mm, B = 7 mm
a = 440 * 20
= 8800 mm2
a = 0.0088 m2
a = x*y
Therefore, y = 20 mm
Also,
A = 0.25 m2
Area = x*y
X =450 mm
Y = 350 mm
h = 1.73*200
h = 350 mm.
CAD MODEL:
We did the literature survey of whichever required for our project. Also
observed various practical difficulties by going to industry and also market survey
we got required data for the design. By using that data and literature study we
design the various parts of our system.
5. Summary
1. We found the Shearing and Crushing forces required for breaking the pods of
groundnut by using literature survey and various physical parameters.
2. We have completed the design of Groundnut Sheller and also finalize the
mechanism by using the various important parameters.
3. We also did the analysis of various parts of our project using ANSYS. We
found our design safe.
4. We have manufactured our machine according to our design calculations.
Some parts are still to be manufactured.
6. Work Remaining
7. References
[1]. E. Gu zel a, I.D. Akc¸ ali b, H. Mutlu c, A. Ince a, Research on the fatigue
behavior for peanut shelling, Journal of Food Engineering 67 (2005) 373–378.
[2]. Muhammad, A. I., Isiaka, M., Fagge, A. A., Attanda, M. L., Lawan, I. and
[4]. Odesanya, K.O., Adebiyi, K.A., Salau, T.A.O., Olasheu, T.I., Estimation of
Engineering Parameters for the Development of a Groundnut Decorticator,
International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences
(IJNREAS) 1(4) August 2014.
[5]. Muhammad, Aliyu Idris, Ahmad, Rabi Kabir, Lawan, Ibrahim, Effect of moisture
content on some engineering properties of groundnut pods and kernels, CIGR Journal
Vol. 19, No. 4, Vol. 19, No. 4