Optimisation of Egr Cooler

“Towards Global Technological Excellence”
Government College of Engineering,

Amravati
(An Autonomous Institute of Government of Maharashtra)
Department of Mechanical
Engineering
(2018-2019)
A Seminar on
OPTIMISATION OF EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION
SYSTEM FOR BETTER PERFORMANCE
For the degree of bachelor of technology
Submitted to
Government College of Engineering, Amravati
in Partial Fulfillment of the
requirements of the degree of BACHELOR OF
TECHNOLOGY
.
Under the Guidance of

Prof. H. S. FARKADE
(Department of Mechanical Engineering)
ABSTRACT
• Presently exhaust emission regulation for automobile
engines are being too much strengthened worldwide . In
order to comply with modern pollution control norms
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system is recognized
as one of most potential techniques to reduce NOx. EGR
cooler is one of the important components in EGR
system. This study represents the methodology to
optimize EGR cooler based on numerical techniques
using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools. The
EGR cooler performance highly depends on the design,
shape and size of the cooler tubes and diffuser. By
optimizing the size and the shape of the diffuser it is
possible to increase the effectiveness of the EGR cooler.
• The objective of this project is to design a EGR cooler
with segmental baffles and to study the flow and
temperatures inside the shell and tubes using ANSYS
software tool for the different baffles assemblies and
orientation also overall heat transfer is calculated for
each design. The flow and the heat distribution will be
analysed for the optimized geometry of the EGR cooler.
• This project totally contains 5 designs for comparison.
The process of solving simulation consists of modelling
and meshing the basic geometry of shell and tube heat
exchanger. The heat exchanger contains 7 tubes of
600mm length and 90mm shell diameter. In simulation
we will show how the temperature, pressure, velocity
varies in shell due to different baffles orientation. The
governing equations conservation of mass , momentum
and energy are solved.
Introduction
• Major problem today’s world is facing is of
• environmental pollution.
• For which, vehicular traffic is a major contributor.
• Exhaust gases from vehicles includes CO,CO2,HC,
Noxs
• etc.
• Of these NOx is particularly very harmful.
• These are one of the chief constituents of smog,
which
• have an adverse effect on ecological systems.
• They are also contribute to the formation of acid rain.
• NOx also cause breathing illness in human beings.
Formation of Nox .
• The factors that cause diesel engine to run more
efficient than gasoline engine also cause them to run
at a higher temperature.
• This leads to formation of oxides of nitrogen, that is,
NOx .
• Fuel in any engine is burned with extra air and some
of the oxygen is used to burn the fuel.
• When the peak temperature are high enough, and
also are maintained for a longer duration, the
nitrogen and oxygen present in the air combine to
form nitrogen oxides.
• These are collectively known as oxides of nitrogen
or NOx.
How can Nox be reduced
• In order to reduce NOx formation an engine
should run at a lower temperature than
normal temperature.
• Reduced cylinder temperature can be
achieved in three ways:
• Enriching air fuel mixture.
• Lowering compression ratio and retarding
ignition timings.
• Reducing the amount of oxygen in cylinder.
Working of EGR
• EGR works by recirculating a portion of an
engine's exhaust gas back to the engine
cylinders. This dilutes the O2 in the incoming
air stream and provides gases inert to
combustion to act as absorbents of
combustion heat to reduce peak in-cylinder
temperatures.
• NOx is produced in high temperature
mixtures of atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen
that occur in the combustion cylinder, and
this usually occurs at cylinder peak pressure
Project Details:
• DESIGN PARAMETERS
1. Baffles orientation
• RESULTS
1. Temperature variation
2. Heat transfer rate
3. Overall heat transfer coefficient
4. Pressure drop
Fig:-Block diagram of EGR cooler
assembly
Methodology
Work to be done
Designing of 3 geom
etric models
CFD analysis of geo
metric models
Validation of CFD res
ults
Thesis
Work Completed
35%
30%
25%
Designing of 2 Geom
20% etric Models
Designing of 1 Geom
15% etric Model
CFD Analysis of 1 Ge
10% ometric Model
5%
0%
December January Mid February
Work yet to be completed
30%
25%
20% CFD analysis of rema

ining Geometric mod
15% els
Validation of CFD an
10% alysis and Thesis co
mpletion
5%
0%
February March
January
• Fig: CAD model of heat exchanger

• Fig: Heat exchanger with 0° orientation.
Fig: Heat exchanger with 10°orinetation
• Fig: Heat exchanger with 20° orientation
Mid February
• Fig: Meshing of EGR cooler (A)

• Fig: Meshing of EGR cooler (B)
• Fig: Meshing of concentric pipe assembly.
• Fig: Contours of static temperature
• Fig: Results for concentric pipe assembly

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“Towards Global Technological Excellence”

Government College of Engineering,

Under the Guidance of

20% CFD analysis of rema

• Fig: CAD model of heat exchanger

• Fig: Meshing of EGR cooler (A)

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