Air Traffic Flow Management –India

‐V.Somasundaram
Executive Director [ATM]

Airports Authority of India

Main functions of AAI
y Air Traffic Management and the provision of Air
Navigation Service in India and adjoining
oceanic airspace delegated to India by ICAO.

y Development, maintenance and management

of airports in India.

Airports Authority of India

 AAI manages -
- 17 International airports*
- 8 Custom airports
- 27 Civill Enclaves
l
- 78 Domestic airports
*(airports
p at Delhi & Mumbai have been hived out as a
joint venture company where AAI has 26% stake)

¾ At 5 airports, AAI provides CNS/ATM facilities

only.
Total airspace :
2.8 million Sq.NM

Oceanic :
1 74 million Sq
1.74 Sq.Nm
Nm
Continental :
1.04 million Sq.NM

4 FIRs
Kolkata

Delhi

Mumbai

Chennai

12 Neighbouring
states
 11 ACCs
Enroute •Mumbai
•Delhi
C t
Centres •Chennai
•Kolkata
Area Control/ Radar Service •Trivandrum
g
•Mangalore
•Hyderabad
•Nagpur
•Varanasi
•Ahmedabad
•Guwahati

210 ATS routes

[118 Domestic
92 Intl]

34 RNAV routes

RVSM Impl in
2003

5
 210 ATS routes
[[118 Domestic
92 Intl]
34 RNAV routes
Area Control/ Radar Service
Revised parallel
route structure
implemented in
2002
(EMARSSH)

RVSM
Implemented in
2003

6
Major
j Intl Traffic Flow
Major
j Domestic Traffic Flow
 Current CNS Infrastructure
Communication
y VHF – air-ground : at all opnl airports with RCAG at 11 sites
y CPDLC (FANS-1A)– at Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai,Delhi
y HF RT at Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai FIRs
y DATIS : 25 airports

y Navigation
y ILS : 50 +1(LLZ) at 40 airports ( 3 Cat III B at Delhi)
y DVOR: 86, DME : 87 , NDB : 55 ( being phased out)
y Surveillance
y Radar : 16 sites [12 PSR,
PSR 12 MSSR (with PSR),
PSR) 4 MSSR only]
y ASMGCS : 1 (Delhi)
y ADS-C : 4 at Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata

9
 Existing VHF-RCAG Coverage with 11RCAGs

Controlling RCAG Station

Controlled RCAG Station
VH F- RCAG
CONTROLLING CONTROLLED
Delhi Khajuraho
Chennai Port Blair DELHI
Bellary Guwahat
Vizag i
Varanas
Mumbai Porbandar i
Kolkata Vizag Ahmedabad Kh j
Khajurah
h Shillon
o g
Port Blair
Porbandar
Bhubaneshwar KOLKATA
Guwahati Shillong Nagpur
Bhubaneshwa
Trivandrum Agatti MUMBAI r
Ooty
Hyderabad Vizag

Bellar
y

CHENNAI
Agatt Port
i Blair
Ooty

T i
Trivandrum
d
 Radar Coverage
Existing ASR/MSSR
Existing ASR/MSSR Existing MSSR
1. Delhi Proposed
Amritsar ASR/MSSR
2. Mumbai
Proposed MSSR
3. Chennai
4. Kolkata DELHI
5. Ahmedabad Guwahat
6. Hyderabad – 2 Nos. i
Jodhpu
r Varanas Katiha
7. Guwahati i r
8. Trivandrum Ahmedabad

9. Bangalore Bhopal
Porbandar
Existing MSSR only KOLKATA
Jharsugud
1. Varanasi Nagpur a
2
2. Nagpur MUMBAI Behrampu
3. Mangalore r
Hyderabad Vizag
4. Behrampur

Bellar
y
M
Mangalore
l Bangalor
e

Cochin

T i
Trivandrum
d

11
 ATC Automation
y Integrated ATS Automation system - at Delhi
Delhi,
Mumbai, Hyderabad and Bangalore Airports

y Data processing system, ATM decision support

tools with safety alerts to controllers

y Limited automation (RDPS + FDPS) at other

radar
d centres.
t
 Traffic growth
1400 23
1200
Aircraft
f movements %
1323.28
ents(in'000)

1077.59 1077.53
1000

800 10 717.59
838.22 862.02
ovem

600 % 560.65
641.39
505.2
554.32
647.34
/cM

444.21
400
A

215.57 245.75
200 163.27 190.88
116.44 136.19
0
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
(estmtd.)

International Domestic Total

1400
23
1200 Passengers % 1181.83

1000
964.03
o.inlakhs

882.81
800
733.41 706.25
600
9% 592.83
N

487.79 509.74
437.23
400 398.59
288.97 321.38 299.92
223.67 257.78
200 166.41 194.24
148.26

0
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
(estmtd,)

International Domestic T otal

Trends in Daily aircraft movements at the two busy
airports in the country indicate sudden and
unprecedented growth of traffic.

Year Daily No.of

No of a/c movements
Delhi Mumbai
2003-04 330 380
2004-05 370 450
2005-06 480 500
2006-07
2006 07 560 590
2007-08 700 750

The other Busy airports are

ƒChennai
ƒBangalore
Kolkata
ƒKolkata
ƒHyderabad
 Effects of sudden traffic growth

Traffic congestion, holding and delays –

delays ranging from 20 minutes to 80 minutes
at peak traffic period

Extra fuel burn Financial loss to airline, airport

operator service provider
operator, provider.

Cancellation / diversion of flight, schedule disruption

Passenger inconvenience ,

Environmental impact - Noise , Emission

Safety concerns - Traffic congestion, increased

controller workload
Safety and Capacity enhancement
implementations
p

y EMARSSH Route structure : Long

g haul multiple
p
parallel ATS route structure ( RNP 10 routes)
implemented in Nov 2002
y RVSM implemented throughout the entire FIRs
in Nov 2003
y Near Parallel runway operations at Delhi
y Cross Runway operations at Mumbai
y Performance Based Navigation System –
RNAV-1 SID & STAR procedures in Aug 2008
Safety and Capacity enhancement implementations

y Additional ground infrastructure

y Parallel taxiways,
y Rapid Exit taxiways,
y Additional parking stands

y Multiple
M lti l runway operations
ti
y Cross runway operations at Mumbai
y 2 runway operations using converging runways at Delhi

y New ATC procedures for multiple runway

operations
y New ATC positions in Tower and approach
control
y Deployment
Deplo ment of Additional manpower
manpo er
Delhi Airport – Taxiway improvement s
N
New T
Taxiways
i

09 27

10

Domestic
Building

International
Building 28
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Delhi- New Parallel Runway

T1 upgradation

Maint. Facilities
Additional Stands

T2 upgradation

Additional Stands

Fire Station
Fire Station

Cross Taxiway

Runway & Taxiways

Phase 1A Development –
2008
Mumbai Airport – Taxiway improvements

Taxiway works in progress

Experts committee
Government appointed experts committee to examine
and recommend measures to cope up with the current
demand and future growth.
Committee to examine and suggest measures for
modernisation of MET facilities also
Committee interacted with various industry
stakeholders,, International organisation,
g , ICAO experts,
p ,
other ANSPs, Boeing, Airbus etc.
ICAO Global plan initiatives, ICAO Asia-Pacific Regional
guidelines and National regulations were also
considered .
The committee drafted a “ Future Indian Air Navigation System ”
(FIANS) Master plan for India.
In accordance with the recommendations of the experts
committee AAI as ANS provider has initiated actions in
phased manner.
y Near term : The Near Term Plan is based on
application of existing procedures, processes and
capabilities. Time frame not more than 2 years.

y Mid Term : The Medium Term Plan is based on

emerging procedures
procedures, processes and capabilities
capabilities.
Time frame up to year 2012.

y Long
L term
t : The
Th Long
L Term
T Plan
Pl iis b
based
d on
concepts and involves new procedures and
requirements based on Research.
Research
Features of “ Future Indian Air Navigation System” Master Plan

Communication
ƒ Shift from Voice Communication to Data Communication.
ƒ Th digital
The di i l voice
i to b
be usedd through
h h communication
i i satellite
lli
ƒ voice to be retained as a back-up when complete data
communication is used.
Navigation
ƒ Satellite based navigation system complimented with Flight Management
Systems.
The gground based navigation
ƒNavigation g equipments
q p retained as a back-up
p for some time
before being phased out.
ƒƒ. GAGAN (GPS aided Geo augmented Navigation) to play an extremely important
part in the future navigation systems
Surveillance
ƒ Radars would continue to be primary surveillance equipment in high
density traffic and terminal approach areas.
ƒ The upcoming technologies in surveillance are ADS-B and wide area
multilateration and both to be used in combination to provide
extended surveillance
Augmentation of CNS/ATM Infrastructure

y Communication
y VHF – air-ground RCAG at 12 more sites
y DATIS : 21
y AMHS (transition to ATN )
y Datalink –AIDC, Clearance Delivery
y DSCN
y Navigation
y ILS : 15
y DVOR/DME : 9 , GAGAN, GBAS (Mumbai, Delhi)
y Surveillance
y Radar : 11 (4 MSSR/PSR, 7 MSSR only ),
y Radar networking
y ASMGCS : 5 (Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Hyderabad)
y ADS-B
 Augmented VHF-RCAG Coverage with 11 more RCAGs
planned
CONTROLLING CONTROLLED
Delhi Khajuraho Controlling RCAG Station
Amritsar Controlled RCAG Station
Jodhpur Amritsar
Sundarnagar
Sundarnagar
Chennai Port Blair
DELHI
Bellary
Guwahat
Vizag i
Jodhpu
Mumbai Porbandar r Varanas Katiha
Udaipu i
Aurangabad r r
Bhu
Bh Kh j
Khajurah
h Shillon
j o g
Goa Ahmedaba
d Bhopal
Kolkata Vizag Porbandar
Jharsugud KOLKATA
Port Blair a
Aurangaba Nagpur
d Bhubaneshwa
Bhubaneshwar
MUMBAI r
Jharsuguda
Katihar Hyderabad Vizag

Shillong Bellar
Goa y
Guwahati Shillong
Trivandrum Agatti CHENNAI
Agatt Port
Ooty i Blair

Ahmedabad Bhuj Ooty

Udaipur
N
Nagpur Bh
Bhopal
l T i
Trivandrum
d

25
 Data Communication

y DSCN (Dedicated Satellite Communication Network)

systems connecting 80 airports.

y ATS Message Handling System (AMHS) at Mumbai to

handle ground sub-network of Aeronautical
Telecommunication Network (ATN)

y Networking of all DATIS to enable download of

Terminal
y Information
I f i off any airport
i f
from any where
h through
h h
data communication.
y Data link for clearance delivery
Current status of implementation
Satellite based Navigation
g

ƒ Jointly developed by AAI and ISRO(Indian Space Research organisation)

ƒ Technical Demonstration system (TDS) and Final system acceptance
test(FSAT) completed in August 2007
ƒ GAGAN signal in space is available for flight validation
ƒ Flight Inspection carried out and results are satisfactory
p
ƒ GAGAN Final Operational p
phase (FOP) is expected
p to be completed
p and
system commissioned by 2010-11
Current status of Master plan implementation: CNS/ATM-
Navigation

GBAS – Ground Based Augmentation System

Under implementation at Delhi and Mumbai Airport

Performance based Navigation

• Performance based Navigation procedures (RNAV-1 SID/STAR ) - -

implemented at Mumbai, Delhi and Ahmedabad terminal approach
areas w. e.f 28th August 2008 .

• Phased implementation at other terminal approach areas and in enroute

areas.

• Reduced separation both in enroute and approach areas – in a

progressive manner to enhance capacity

• Environmental Benefits – Noise abatement , Reduced emission

Current status of Master plan implementation : CNS/ATM-
Surveillance
‰ 70%
0% off the
h continentall airspace is covered
d under
d radar
d
surveillance

‰ Additional radars – under implementation to achieve 100%

overlapping radar cover over the continental airspace

‰ ADS – C - covers the entire oceanic airspace ( Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea
& Indian Ocean)

‰ ASMGCS – ( SMR + multilateration ) at one airport (Delhi). 5 more system

are under implementation at Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore and
Hyderabad.
y

‰ ADS-B - Being considered to supplement radars and gap filling

 Augmented radar Coverage (planned)
Existing ASR/MSSR
1. Delhi
Existing ASR/MSSR
2. Mumbai
Existing MSSR
3. Chennai
Proposed
4. Kolkata Amritsar ASR/MSSR
5. Ahmedabad Proposed MSSR

6. Hyderabad – 2 Nos.
DELHI
7. Guwahati
Guwahat
8. Trivandrum i
Jodhpu
9. Bangalore r Varanas Katiha
i r
Existing MSSR only Ahmedabad
1. Varanasi
Bhopal
2. Nagpur Porbandar
KOLKATA
Jharsugud
3. Mangalore Nagpur a
4. Behrampur
p MUMBAI Behrampu
Proposed ASR/MSSR r
Hyderabad
1. Cochin Vizag

2. Amritsar
Bellar
Proposed MSSR only y
M
Mangalore
l Bangalor
1. Jodhpur e CHENNAI

2. Porbandar
3. Bhopal
4. Bellary Cochin

5
5. Vi
Vizag T i
Trivandrum
d

6. Jharsuguda
7. Raiganj
30
 Data communiication,
CPDLLC,AIDC,DDATIS

COM
Voice
e to be ba
ack-up
The CNS/ATM - transition

•Separation Management

Satellite based Na
avigation,
GAGA AN,GBAS, PBN.

NAV
VOR/DM
ME to be back up
•System Wide Information Management

Air Traffic Management

•Integrated Networked Automated system

Radar/ A ADS /Mutilateration

n
/Airbo orne capa
ability/
SUR

Satellite based situational

a
awarenesss
New ATM system concept : Network Centric Real‐time Data Exchange for  
Collaborative Decision Making by Integrating

Regulation

Airspace Mgmt.,
Airport
Flexible Use of
Heliport
Airspace
p

• Human
• Information
• Technology
ATC,
• Procedures
Airline / Situational
Aircraft Awareness
ATFM

MET / Weather
Safety Mgmt
Mgmt.
Environmental
Separation Mgmt.
Protection
ATM Automation....

ƒ Integrated Automation system in place at Mumbai, Delhi,

Bangalore & Hyderabad.
- Data p
processing
g system,
y , Controller tools,, Safety
y alerts.

ƒ Implementation plans in progress for other centres.

- dynamic exchange of flight related data and
- airspace
i situation
i i d
data ffor strategic
i and
dddynamic
i airspace
i
management .
- dynamic routings / user preferred tracks
ƒ Automation system for remote towers - under implementation.
implementation
- System interface with main system at central ACC.
ƒ Networking of radars and ATM facilities

ƒ Amalgamation of 11 enroute centres into 4 centres initially and

2 centres - in plan.

ƒ Central Air Traffic Flow Management system – in plan

Airspace restructure and networking
ƒ Networking of Radars

ƒEntire Controlled airspace

under
d radard surveillance
ill

ƒSeamless Controller-Pilot
communication

ƒSeamless radar separation

ƒAmalgamation of 11 enroute
centres into 4 centres with
multiple sectors

ƒDynamic consolidation and

de consolidation of enroute
de-consolidation
setors

ƒAmalgamation of 4 enroute
centres into 2 centres.
centres
Airspace restructuring and
sectorisation
y Airspace consolidation and sectorisation as
part off restructuring.
y Implementation of more efficient ATC
procedures.
procedures
y Air Traffic Flow Management system.
y Terminal Flow control to minimise delays and
bunching of traffic.
y Flexible use of airspace.
y ATC automation tools to reduce controller
workload and enhance efficiency.
y Upper Area Harmonisation.
UPGRADATION OF METEOROGLOGICAL FACILITIES
y The AAI in coordination with Indian Meteorological Department is
preparing a road map for the upgradation of meteorological
facilities at the airports.
y This would include provision of
y new integrated automated weather information system,
y web based meteorological
g information,,
y interfacing of Met Computers with ATS - Automation System at major
airports for enhancing the efficiency of Pilots and Controllers.
y Integrated MET data display of current and forecast Wx data directly
from the MET computer in all ATC units in major airports/ centres
y Real-time Satellite Wx picture with Wx warnings. Wake vortex
warning.
g
y OPMET data exchange through ATN
y ATN Wx database.
y Uplink / downlink of MET data
y Integrated ATS/MET/AIS pre-flight briefing to operators and ATS
personnel
 Elements of Air traffic
management
Air traffic management

Air space Air ttraffic

Ai ffi Air traffic flow
management services management

Airports Authority of India

 Air traffic Flow management -
objectives
bj ti
ƒ to enhance airspace usage, airport capacity, sector
productivity

ƒ balancing demand vs capacity and thereby reduced fuel

burnt engine emission,
burnt, emission environmental impact and delays

ƒ Optimise system preferred and user preferred flight

trajectories.
j

ƒ Optimise flight profiles and routes during adverse weather

conditions

ƒ Optimise recovery solutions during and after disruptive

events.

Airports Authority of India

Central Air Traffic Flow Management system
Airports

AIS/MET Constraints
/Wx

Airrcraft Op
DATA
FPL/RPL
Central
Slots
ATFM

perators
Airspace Re-
/FUA routing
Data
Slots FPL/Track data

Air Traffic Control

THANK YOU