IFRS Edition (2nd) : Fraud, Internal Control, and Cash

Financial Accounting
IFRS Edition (2nd)

Questions & Solutions
Chapter - 7
Fraud, Internal Control,

and Cash
Jerry J. Weygandt
Paul D. Kimmel
Donald E. Kieso
346 7 Fraud, Internal Control, and Cash
BRIEF EXERCISES
Identify fraud triangle BE7-1 Match each situation with the fraud triangle factor—opportunity, financial pres-
concepts. sure, or rationalization—that best describes it.
(LO 1) 1. An employee’s monthly credit card payments are nearly 75% of his or her monthly earnings.
2. An employee earns minimum wage at a firm that has reported record earnings for each
of the last five years.
3. An employee has an expensive gambling habit.
4. An employee has check-writing and signing responsibilities for a small company, as
well as reconciling the bank account.
Indicate internal control BE7-2 Bridget Harrard has prepared the following statements about internal control.
concepts. 1. One of the objectives of internal control is to safeguard assets from employee theft,
(LO 1) robbery, and unauthorized use.
2. One of the objectives of internal control is to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the
accounting records.
3. The three components of the fraud triangle are opportunity, financial pressure, and fear.
Identify each statement as true or false. If false, indicate how to correct the statement.
Explain the importance of BE7-3 Emily Cooper is the new owner of Preferred Parking. She has heard about internal
internal control. control but is not clear about its importance for her business. Explain to Emily the four
(LO 1) purposes of internal control and give her one application of each purpose for Preferred
Parking.
Identify internal control BE7-4 The internal control procedures in Naperville Company provide that:
principles. 1. Employees who have physical custody of assets do not have access to the accounting
(LO 2) records.
2. Each month, the assets on hand are compared to the accounting records by an internal
auditor.
3. A prenumbered shipping document is prepared for each shipment of goods to customers.
Identify the principles of internal control that are being followed.
Identify the internal control BE7-5 Syracuse Company has the following internal control procedures over cash receipts.
principles applicable to cash Identify the internal control principle that is applicable to each procedure.
receipts. 1. All over-the-counter receipts are entered on cash registers.
(LO 3) 2. All cashiers are bonded.
3. Daily cash counts are made by cashier department supervisors.
4. The duties of receiving cash, recording cash, and custody of cash are assigned to differ-
ent individuals.
5. Only cashiers may operate cash registers.
Make journal entries for cash BE7-6 The cash register tape for Leprechaun Industries reported sales of £6,891.50.
overage and shortfall. Record the journal entry that would be necessary for each of the following situations.
(LO 3) (a) Cash to be accounted for exceeds cash on hand by £46.25. (b) Cash on hand exceeds
cash to be accounted for by £28.32.
Make journal entry using BE7-7 While examining cash receipts information, the accounting department deter-
cash count sheet. mined the following information: opening cash balance $180, cash on hand $1,125.74,
(LO 3) and cash sales per register tape $950.83. Prepare the required journal entry based upon
the cash count sheet.
Identify the internal control BE7-8 Helena Company has the following internal control procedures over cash disburse-
principles applicable to cash ments. Identify the internal control principle that is applicable to each procedure.
disbursements. 1. Company checks are prenumbered.
(LO 4) 2. The bank statement is reconciled monthly by an internal auditor.
3. Blank checks are stored in a safe in the treasurer’s office.
4. Only the treasurer or assistant treasurer may sign checks.
5. Check signers are not allowed to record cash disbursement transactions.
Prepare entry to replenish a BE7-9 On March 20, Yang Company’s petty cash fund of ¥1,000 is replenished when the
petty cash fund. fund contains ¥90 in cash and receipts for postage ¥520, freight-out ¥260, and travel
(LO 5) expense ¥100. Prepare the journal entry to record the replenishment of the petty cash
fund.
Exercises 347
BE7-10 Louis Whited is uncertain about the control features of a bank account. Explain Identify the control features
the control benefits of (a) a check and (b) a bank statement. of a bank account.
BE7-11 The following reconciling items are applicable to the bank reconciliation for Hinckley (LO 6)
Company: (1) outstanding checks, (2) bank debit memorandum for service charge, (3) bank Indicate location of reconciling
credit memorandum for collecting a note for the depositor, and (4) deposits in transit. Indicate items in a bank reconciliation.
how each item should be shown on a bank reconciliation. (LO 7)
BE7-12 Using the data in BE7-11, indicate (a) the items that will result in an adjustment Identify reconciling items that
to the depositor’s records and (b) why the other items do not require adjustment. require adjusting entries.
BE7-13 At July 31, Shabbona Company has the following bank information: cash balance (LO 7)
per bank $7,420, outstanding checks $762, deposits in transit $1,620, and a bank service Prepare partial bank
charge $20. Determine the adjusted cash balance per bank at July 31. reconciliation.
(LO 7)
BE7-14 At August 31, Felipe Company has a cash balance per books of €8,900 and the
following additional data from the bank statement: charge for printing Felipe Company Prepare partial bank
reconciliation.
checks €35, interest earned on checking account balance €40, and outstanding checks
€800. Determine the adjusted cash balance per books at August 31. (LO 7)
BE7-15 Plano Company has the following cash balances: Cash in Bank $15,742, Payroll Explain the statement
Bank Account $5,000, and Plant Expansion Fund Cash $45,000 (to be used two years from presentation of cash balances.
now). Explain how each balance should be reported on the statement of financial position. (LO 8)
> DO IT! REVIEW
DO IT! 7-1 Identify which control activity is violated in each of the following situations, Identify violations of
and explain how the situation creates an opportunity for fraud or inappropriate account- control activities.
ing practices. (LO 2)
1. Once a month, the sales department sends sales invoices to the accounting depart-
ment to be recorded.
2. Sam Hustad orders merchandise for Green Lake Company; he also receives merchan-
dise and authorizes payment for merchandise.
3. Several clerks at Ralph’s Foods use the same cash register drawer.
DO IT! 7-2 Jerry Holman is concerned with control over mail receipts at Midtown Design system of internal
Sporting Goods. All mail receipts are opened by Don Judd. Don sends the checks to the control over cash receipts.
accounting department, where they are stamped “For Deposit Only.” The accounting (LO 3)
department records and deposits the mail receipts weekly. Jerry asks for your help in
installing a good system of internal control over mail receipts.
DO IT! 7-3 Markee Company established a £100 petty cash fund on August 1. On August Make journal entries for petty
31, the fund had £6 cash remaining and petty cash receipts for postage £31, office sup- cash fund.
plies £42, and miscellaneous expense £16. Prepare journal entries to establish the fund on (LO 5)
August 1 and replenish the fund on August 31.
DO IT! 7-4 Jon Rapp owns Rapp Blankets. Jon asks you to explain how he should treat Explain treatment of items
the following reconciling items when reconciling the company’s bank account. in bank reconciliation.
1. Outstanding checks. (LO 7)
2. A deposit in transit.
3. The bank charged to our account a check written by another company.
4. A debit memorandum for a bank service charge.
✔ The Navigator
EXERCISES
E7-1 Sue Ernesto is the owner of Ernesto’s Pizza. Ernesto’s is operated strictly on a carryout Identify the principles of
basis. Customers pick up their orders at a counter where a clerk exchanges the pizza for internal control.
cash. While at the counter, the customer can see other employees making the pizzas and (LO 2)
the large ovens in which the pizzas are baked.
Instructions
Identify the six principles of internal control and give an example of each principle that
you might observe when picking up your pizza. (Note: It may not be possible to observe
all the principles.)
Identify internal control E7-2 The following control procedures are used at Aldean Company for over-the-counter
weaknesses over cash receipts cash receipts.
and suggest improvements.
1. To minimize the risk of robbery, cash in excess of $100 is stored in an unlocked attaché
(LO 2, 3) case in the stockroom until it is deposited in the bank.
2. All over-the-counter receipts are registered by three clerks who use a cash register with
a single cash drawer.
3. The company accountant makes the bank deposit and then records the day’s receipts.
4. At the end of each day, the total receipts are counted by the cashier on duty and recon-
ciled to the cash register total.
5. Cashiers are experienced; they are not bonded.
Instructions
(a) For each procedure, explain the weakness in internal control, and identify the control
principle that is violated.
(b) For each weakness, suggest a change in procedure that will result in good internal
control.
Identify internal control E7-3 The following control procedures are used in Morgan’s Boutique Shoppe for cash
weaknesses over cash disbursements.
disbursements and suggest
1. The company accountant prepares the bank reconciliation and reports any discrepancies
improvements.
to the owner.
(LO 2, 4) 2. The store manager personally approves all payments before signing and issuing checks.
3. Each week, 100 company checks are left in an unmarked envelope on a shelf behind the
cash register.
4. After payment, bills are filed in a paid invoice folder.
5. The company checks are unnumbered.
Instructions
(a) For each procedure, explain the weakness in internal control, and identify the internal
control principle that is violated.
(b) For each weakness, suggest a change in the procedure that will result in good internal
control.
Identify internal control E7-4 At Teresa Company, checks are not prenumbered because both the purchasing agent
weaknesses for cash and the treasurer are authorized to issue checks. Each signer has access to unissued
disbursements and suggest checks kept in an unlocked file cabinet. The purchasing agent pays all bills pertaining
improvements. to goods purchased for resale. Prior to payment, the purchasing agent determines that the
(LO 4) goods have been received and verifies the mathematical accuracy of the vendor’s invoice.
After payment, the invoice is filed by vendor name, and the purchasing agent records the
payment in the cash disbursements journal. The treasurer pays all other bills following
approval by authorized employees. After payment, the treasurer stamps all bills PAID, files
them by payment date, and records the checks in the cash disbursements journal. Teresa
Company maintains one checking account that is reconciled by the treasurer.
Instructions
(a) List the weaknesses in internal control over cash disbursements.
(b) Write a memo to the company treasurer indicating your recommendations
for improvement.
Indicate whether procedure is E7-5 Listed below are five procedures followed by Parson Company.
good or weak internal control.
1. Several individuals operate the cash register using the same register drawer.
(LO 2, 3, 4) 2. A monthly bank reconciliation is prepared by someone who has no other cash respon-
sibilities.
3. Fran Vorbeck writes checks and also records cash payment journal entries.
4. One individual orders inventory, while a different individual authorizes payments.
5. Unnumbered sales invoices from credit sales are forwarded to the accounting depart-
ment every four weeks for recording.
Exercises 349
Instructions
Indicate whether each procedure is an example of good internal control or of weak inter-
nal control. If it is an example of good internal control, indicate which internal control
principle is being followed. If it is an example of weak internal control, indicate which
internal control principle is violated. Use the table below.
Procedure IC Good or Weak? Related Internal Control Principle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
E7-6 Listed below are five procedures followed by Bingham Company. Indicate whether procedure is
1. Employees are required to take vacations. good or weak internal control.
2. Any member of the sales department can approve credit sales. (LO 2, 3, 4)
3. Blake Nayak ships goods to customers, bills customers, and receives payment from
customers.
4. Total cash receipts are compared to bank deposits daily by someone who has no other
cash responsibilities.
5. Time clocks are used for recording time worked by employees.
Instructions
Indicate whether each procedure is an example of good internal control or of weak inter-
nal control. If it is an example of good internal control, indicate which internal control
principle is being followed. If it is an example of weak internal control, indicate which
internal control principle is violated. Use the table below.
Procedure IC Good or Weak? Related Internal Control Principle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
E7-7 LaSalle Company established a petty cash fund on May 1, cashing a check for $100. Prepare journal entries for a
The company reimbursed the fund on June 1 and July 1 with the following results. petty cash fund.
June 1: Cash in fund $1.75. Receipts: delivery expense $31.25; postage expense $41.00; (LO 5)
and miscellaneous expense $25.00.
July 1: Cash in fund $3.25. Receipts: delivery expense $21.00; entertainment
expense $51.00; and miscellaneous expense $24.75.
On July 10, LaSalle increased the fund from $100 to $150.
Instructions
Prepare journal entries for LaSalle Company for May 1, June 1, July 1, and July 10.
E7-8 Ankara Company uses an imprest petty cash system. The fund was established on Prepare journal entries for a
March 1 with a balance of 100. During March, the following petty cash receipts were petty cash fund.
found in the petty cash box. (LO 5)
Receipt
Date No. For Amount
3/5 1 Stamp Inventory 39
7 2 Freight-Out 17
9 3 Miscellaneous Expense 6
11 4 Travel Expense 24
14 5 Miscellaneous Expense 7
The fund was replenished on March 15 when the fund contained 4 in cash. On March 20,
the amount in the fund was increased to 150.
Instructions
Journalize the entries in March that pertain to the operation of the petty cash fund.
Prepare bank reconciliation E7-9 Basel Company is unable to reconcile the bank balance at January 31. Basel’s recon-
and adjusting entries. ciliation is as follows.
(LO 7)
Cash balance per bank CHF3,660.20
Add: NSF check 590.00
Less: Bank service charge 25.00
Adjusted balance per bank CHF4,225.20
Cash balance per books CHF3,825.20

Less: Deposits in transit 480.00
Add: Outstanding checks 930.00
Adjusted balance per books CHF4,275.20
Instructions
(a) Prepare a correct bank reconciliation.
(b) Journalize the entries required by the reconciliation.
Determine outstanding checks. E7-10 On April 30, the bank reconciliation of Perrin Company shows three outstanding
(LO 7) checks: no. 254, $650; no. 255, $720; and no. 257, $410. The May bank statement and the
May cash payments journal show the following.
Bank Statement Cash Payments Journal

Checks Paid Checks Issued
Date Check No. Amount Date Check No. Amount
5/4 254 650 5/2 258 159
5/2 257 410 5/5 259 275
5/17 258 159 5/10 260 820
5/12 259 275 5/15 261 500
5/20 261 500 5/22 262 750
5/29 263 480 5/24 263 480
5/30 264 560 5/29 264 560
Instructions
Using Step 2 in the reconciliation procedure, list the outstanding checks at May 31.
Prepare bank reconciliation E7-11 The following information pertains to Teresina Video Company.
and adjusting entries.
1. Cash balance per bank, July 31, R$7,293.
(LO 7) 2. July bank service charge not recorded by the depositor R$28.
3. Cash balance per books, July 31, R$7,384.
4. Deposits in transit, July 31, R$1,500.
5. Bank collected R$800 note for Teresina in July, plus interest R$36, less fee R$20. The col-
lection has not been recorded by Teresina, and no interest has been accrued.
6. Outstanding checks, July 31, R$621.
Instructions
(a) Prepare a bank reconciliation at July 31.
(b) Journalize the adjusting entries at July 31 on the books of Teresina Video Company.
Prepare bank reconciliation E7-12 The information below relates to the Cash account in the ledger of Wasson Company.
and adjusting entries.
Balance September 1—$17,150; Cash deposited—$64,000.
(LO 7) Balance September 30—$17,404; Checks written—$63,746.
The September bank statement shows a balance of $16,122 on September 30 and the
following memoranda.
Credit Debit
Collection of $1,500 note plus interest $30 $1,530 NSF check: Violet Jones $725
Interest earned on checking account $45 Safety deposit box rent $65
At September 30, deposits in transit were $4,450, and outstanding checks totaled $2,383.
Problems: Set A 351
Instructions
(a) Prepare the bank reconciliation at September 30.
(b) Prepare the adjusting entries at September 30, assuming (1) the NSF check was from
a customer on account, and (2) no interest had been accrued on the note.
E7-13 The cash records of Satter Company show the following four situations. Compute deposits in transit
and outstanding checks for
1. The June 30 bank reconciliation indicated that deposits in transit total €920. During
two bank reconciliations.
July, the general ledger account Cash shows deposits of €15,750, but the bank state-
ment indicates that only €15,600 in deposits were received during the month. (LO 7)
2. The June 30 bank reconciliation also reported outstanding checks of €880. During the
month of July, Satter Company’s books show that €17,200 of checks were issued. The
bank statement showed that €16,400 of checks cleared the bank in July.
3. In September, deposits per the bank statement totaled €26,700, deposits per books were
€25,400, and deposits in transit at September 30 were €2,600.
4. In September, cash disbursements per books were €23,700, checks clearing the bank
were €24,000, and outstanding checks at September 30 were €2,100.
There were no bank debit or credit memoranda. No errors were made by either the bank
or Satter Company.
Instructions
Answer the following questions.
(a) In situation (1), what were the deposits in transit at July 31?
(b) In situation (2), what were the outstanding checks at July 31?
(c) In situation (3), what were the deposits in transit at August 31?
(d) In situation (4), what were the outstanding checks at August 31?
E7-14 Nayak Company has recorded the following items in its financial records. Show presentation of cash
in financial statements.
Cash in bank $ 41,000
Cash in plant expansion fund 100,000 (LO 8)
Cash on hand 8,000
Highly liquid investments 34,000
Petty cash 500
Receivables from customers 89,000
Share investments 61,000
The highly liquid investments had maturities of 3 months or less when they were pur-
chased. The share investments will be sold in the next 6 to 12 months. The plant expansion
project will begin in 3 years.
Instructions
(a) What amount should Nayak report as “Cash and cash equivalents” on its statement of
financial position?
(b) Where should the items not included in part (a) be reported on the statement of finan-
cial position?
(c) What disclosures should Nayak make in its financial statements concerning “cash and
cash equivalents”?
PROBLEMS: SET A
P7-1A Mainland Supply Company recently changed its system of internal control over Identify internal control
cash disbursements. The system includes the following features. principles over cash
Instead of being unnumbered and manually prepared, all checks must now be pre- disbursements.
numbered and written by using the new check-writing machine purchased by the com- (LO 2, 4)
pany. Before a check can be issued, each invoice must have the approval of Erin McGarry,
the purchasing agent, and Barb Speas, the receiving department supervisor. Checks must
be signed by either Amaika Blake, the treasurer, or Ken Yost, the assistant treasurer.
Before signing a check, the signer is expected to compare the amount of the check with
the amount on the invoice.
After signing a check, the signer stamps the invoice PAID and inserts, within the
stamp, the date, check number, and amount of the check. The “paid” invoice is then sent
to the accounting department for recording.
Blank checks are stored in a safe in the treasurer’s office. The combination to the safe
is known only by the treasurer and assistant treasurer. Each month, the bank statement is
reconciled with the bank balance per books by the assistant chief accountant. All employees
who handle or account for cash are bonded.
Instructions
Identify the internal control principles and their application to cash disbursements of
Mainland Supply Company.
Journalize and post petty P7-2A Arial Company maintains a petty cash fund for small expenditures. The following
cash fund transactions. transactions occurred over a 2-month period.
(LO 5) July 1 Established petty cash fund by writing a check on Coulter Bank for $200.
15 Replenished the petty cash fund by writing a check for $198.00. On this date,
the fund consisted of $2.00 in cash and the following petty cash receipts: freight-
out $87.00, postage expense $51.40, entertainment expense $46.60, and miscel-
laneous expense $11.20.
31 Replenished the petty cash fund by writing a check for $192.00. At this date, the
fund consisted of $8.00 in cash and the following petty cash receipts: freight-
out $82.10, charitable contributions expense $45.00, postage expense $25.50, and
miscellaneous expense $39.40.
Aug. 15 Replenished the petty cash fund by writing a check for $187.00. On this date, the
fund consisted of $13.00 in cash and the following petty cash receipts: freight-
out $75.60, entertainment expense $43.00, postage expense $33.00, and miscel-
laneous expense $37.00.
16 Increased the amount of the petty cash fund to $300 by writing a check for $100.
31 Replenished the petty cash fund by writing a check for $277.00. On this date,
the fund consisted of $23 in cash and the following petty cash receipts: postage
expense $133.00, travel expense $95.60, and freight-out $47.10.
Instructions
(a) July 15, Cash short $1.80 (a) Journalize the petty cash transactions.
(b) Aug. 31 balance $300 (b) Post to the Petty Cash account.
(c) What internal control features exist in a petty cash fund?
Prepare a bank reconciliation P7-3A On May 31, 2014, Terrell Company had a cash balance per books of £6,781.50.
and adjusting entries. The bank statement from Home Town Bank on that date showed a balance of £6,804.60.
(LO 7) A comparison of the statement with the Cash account revealed the following facts.
1. The statement included a debit memo of £40 for the printing of additional company
checks.
2. Cash sales of £836.15 on May 12 were deposited in the bank. The cash receipts journal
entry and the deposit slip were incorrectly made for £886.15. The bank credited Terrell
Company for the correct amount.
3. Outstanding checks at May 31 totaled £276.25. Deposits in transit were £1,916.15.
4. On May 18, the company issued check No. 1181 for £685 to Barry Dietz on account.
The check, which cleared the bank in May, was incorrectly journalized and posted by
Terrell Company for £658.
5. A £3,000 note receivable was collected by the bank for Terrell Company on May 31 plus
£80 interest. The bank charged a collection fee of £20. No interest has been accrued on
the note.
6. Included with the cancelled checks was a check issued by Bridges Company to Jon
Newton for £600 that was incorrectly charged to Terrell Company by the bank.
7. On May 31, the bank statement showed an NSF charge of £680 for a check issued by
Sandy Grifton, a customer, to Terrell Company on account.
Instructions
(a) Adjusted cash balance (a) Prepare the bank reconciliation at May 31, 2014.
per bank £9,044.50 (b) Prepare the necessary adjusting entries for Terrell Company at May 31, 2014.
Problems: Set A 353
P7-4A The bank portion of the bank reconciliation for Rintala Company at November 30, Prepare a bank reconciliation
2014, was as follows. and adjusting entries from
detailed data.
Rintala Company
Bank Reconciliation (LO 7)
November 30, 2014
Cash balance per bank $14,367.90
Add: Deposits in transit 2,530.20
16,898.10
Less: Outstanding checks
Check Number Check Amount
3451 $2,260.40
3470 720.10
3471 844.50
3472 1,426.80
3474 1,050.00 6,301.80
Adjusted cash balance per bank $10,596.30
The adjusted cash balance per bank agreed with the cash balance per books at November 30.
The December bank statement showed the following checks and deposits.
Bank Statement
Checks Deposits
Date Number Amount Date Amount
12-1 3451 $ 2,260.40 12-1 $ 2,530.20
12-2 3471 844.50 12-4 1,211.60
12-7 3472 1,426.80 12-8 2,365.10
12-4 3475 1,640.70 12-16 2,672.70
12-8 3476 1,300.00 12-21 2,945.00
12-10 3477 2,130.00 12-26 2,567.30
12-15 3479 3,080.00 12-29 2,836.00
12-27 3480 600.00 12-30 1,025.00
12-30 3482 475.50 Total $18,152.90
12-29 3483 1,140.00
12-31 3485 540.80
Total $15,438.70
The cash records per books for December showed the following.
Cash Receipts
Cash Payments Journal Journal
Date Number Amount Date Number Amount Date Amount
12-1 3475 $1,640.70 12-20 3482 $ 475.50 12-3 $ 1,211.60
12-2 3476 1,300.00 12-22 3483 1,140.00 12-7 2,365.10
12-2 3477 2,130.00 12-23 3484 798.00 12-15 2,672.70
12-4 3478 621.30 12-24 3485 450.80 12-20 2,954.00
12-8 3479 3,080.00 12-30 3486 1,889.50 12-25 2,567.30
12-10 3480 600.00 Total $14,933.20 12-28 2,836.00
12-17 3481 807.40 12-30 1,025.00
12-31 1,190.40
Total $16,822.10
The bank statement contained two memoranda:

1. A credit of $3,645 for the collection of a $3,500 note for Rintala Company plus interest
of $160 and less a collection fee of $15. Rintala Company has not accrued any interest
on the note.
2. A debit of $572.80 for an NSF check written by D. Chagnon, a customer. At December 31,
the check had not been redeposited in the bank.
At December 31, the cash balance per books was $12,485.20, and the cash balance per the
bank statement was $20,154.30. The bank did not make any errors, but two errors were
made by Rintala Company.
Instructions
(a) Adjusted balance per (a) Using the four steps in the reconciliation procedure, prepare a bank reconciliation at
books $15,458.40 December 31.
(b) Prepare the adjusting entries based on the reconciliation. (Hint: The correction of any
errors pertaining to recording checks should be made to Accounts Payable. The correction
of any errors relating to recording cash receipts should be made to Accounts Receivable.)
Prepare a bank reconciliation P7-5A Cayemberg Company maintains a checking account at the Commerce Bank. At
and adjusting entries. July 31, selected data from the ledger balance and the bank statement are shown below.
(LO 7) Cash in Bank
Per Books Per Bank
Balance, July 1 €17,600 €16,800
July receipts 81,400
July credits 82,470
July disbursements 77,150
July debits 74,756
Balance, July 31 €21,850 €24,514
Analysis of the bank data reveals that the credits consist of €81,000 of July deposits and a
credit memorandum of €1,470 for the collection of a €1,400 note plus interest revenue of
€70. The July debits per bank consist of checks cleared €74,700 and a debit memorandum
of €56 for printing additional company checks.
You also discover the following errors involving July checks: (1) A check for €230 to a
creditor on account that cleared the bank in July was journalized and posted as €320.
(2) A salary check to an employee for €255 was recorded by the bank for €155.
The June 30 bank reconciliation contained only two reconciling items: deposits in
transit €7,000 and outstanding checks of €6,200.
Instructions
(a) Adjusted balance per books (a) Prepare a bank reconciliation at July 31, 2014.
€23,354 (b) Journalize the adjusting entries to be made by Cayemberg Company. Assume that in-
terest on the note has not been accrued.
Identify internal control P7-6A Nature Hill Middle School wants to raise money for a new sound system for its
weaknesses in cash receipts auditorium. The primary fund-raising event is a dance at which the famous disc jockey
and cash disbursements. Obnoxious Al will play classic and not-so-classic dance tunes. Rob Drexler, the music and
(LO 2, 3, 4) theater instructor, has been given the responsibility for coordinating the fund-raising
efforts. This is Rob’s first experience with fund-raising. He decides to put the eighth-grade
choir in charge of the event; he will be a relatively passive observer.
Rob had 500 unnumbered tickets printed for the dance. He left the tickets in a box on
his desk and told the choir students to take as many tickets as they thought they could sell
for $5 each. In order to ensure that no extra tickets would be floating around, he told them
to dispose of any unsold tickets. When the students received payment for the tickets, they
were to bring the cash back to Rob and he would put it in a locked box in his desk drawer.
Some of the students were responsible for decorating the gymnasium for the dance.
Rob gave each of them a key to the money box and told them that if they took money out
to purchase materials, they should put a note in the box saying how much they took and
what it was used for. After 2 weeks the money box appeared to be getting full, so Rob asked
Erik Radley to count the money, prepare a deposit slip, and deposit the money in a bank
account Rob had opened.
The day of the dance, Rob wrote a check from the account to pay the DJ. Obnoxious Al,
however, said that he accepted only cash and did not give receipts. So Rob took $200 out of
the cash box and gave it to Al. At the dance, Rob had Sobia Hamm working at the entrance
to the gymnasium, collecting tickets from students, and selling tickets to those who had
not prepurchased them. Rob estimated that 400 students attended the dance.
Problems: Set B 355
The following day, Rob closed out the bank account, which had $250 in it, and gave
that amount plus the $180 in the cash box to Principal Coleman. Principal Coleman
seemed surprised that, after generating roughly $2,000 in sales, the dance netted only $430
in cash. Rob did not know how to respond.
Instructions
Identify as many internal control weaknesses as you can in this scenario, and suggest how
each could be addressed.
PROBLEMS: SET B
P7-1B Orpheum Theater is located in the Brooklyn Mall. A cashier’s booth is located near Identify internal control
the entrance to the theater. Three cashiers are employed. One works from 1–5 P.M., another weaknesses over cash
from 5–9 P.M. The shifts are rotated among the three cashiers. The cashiers receive cash receipts.
from customers and operate a machine that ejects serially numbered tickets. The rolls of (LO 2, 3)
tickets are inserted and locked into the machine by the theater manager at the beginning
of each cashier’s shift.
After purchasing a ticket, the customer takes the ticket to an usher stationed at the
entrance of the theater lobby some 60 feet from the cashier’s booth. The usher tears the
ticket in half, admits the customer, and returns the ticket stub to the customer. The other
half of the ticket is dropped into a locked box by the usher.
At the end of each cashier’s shift, the theater manager removes the ticket rolls from
the machine and makes a cash count. The cash count sheet is initialed by the cashier. At
the end of the day, the manager deposits the receipts in total in a bank night deposit vault
located in the mall. The manager also sends copies of the deposit slip and the initialed
cash count sheets to the theater company treasurer for verification and to the company’s
accounting department. Receipts from the first shift are stored in a safe located in the
manager’s office.
Instructions
(a) Identify the internal control principles and their application to the cash receipts trans-
actions of the Orpheum Theater.
(b) If the usher and cashier decide to collaborate to misappropriate cash, what actions
might they take?
P7-2B McArtor Company maintains a petty cash fund for small expenditures. The following Journalize and post petty
transactions occurred over a 2-month period. cash fund transactions.
July 1 Established petty cash fund by writing a check on Star Bank for €100. (LO 5)
15 Replenished the petty cash fund by writing a check for €94.90. On this date, the
fund consisted of €5.10 in cash and the following petty cash receipts: freight-out
€51.00, postage expense €20.50, entertainment expense €23.10, and miscella-
neous expense €4.10.
31 Replenished the petty cash fund by writing a check for €92.90. At this date, the
€43.50, charitable contributions expense €20.00, postage expense €20.10, and
miscellaneous expense €9.30.
Aug. 15 Replenished the petty cash fund by writing a check for €98.00. On this date, the
€40.20, entertainment expense €21.00, postage expense €14.00, and miscella-
neous expense €19.80.
16 Increased the amount of the petty cash fund to €150 by writing a check for €50.
31 Replenished the petty cash fund by writing a check for €137.00. On this date, the
fund consisted of €13 in cash and the following petty cash receipts: freight-out
€74.00, entertainment expense €43.20, and postage expense €17.70.
Instructions
(a) Journalize the petty cash transactions. (a) July 15 Cash over €3.80
(b) Post to the Petty Cash account. (b) Aug. 31 balance €150
(c) What internal control features exist in a petty cash fund?
Prepare a bank reconciliation P7-3B Aglife Genetics Company of Lancaster, Wisconsin, spreads herbicides and applies
and adjusting entries. liquid fertilizer for local farmers. On May 31, 2014, the company’s Cash account per its
(LO 7) general ledger showed the following balance.
CASH NO. 101

Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
May 31 Balance 13,287
The bank statement from Lancaster State Bank on that date showed the following balance.
Lancaster State Bank

Checks and Debits Deposits and Credits Daily Balance
XXX XXX 5/31 12,732
A comparison of the details on the bank statement with the details in the Cash account
revealed the following facts.
1. The statement included a debit memo of $35 for the printing of additional company
checks.
2. Cash sales of $1,720 on May 12 were deposited in the bank. The cash receipts journal
entry and the deposit slip were incorrectly made for $1,820. The bank credited Aglife
Genetics Company for the correct amount.
3. Outstanding checks at May 31 totaled $1,425, and deposits in transit were $2,100.
4. On May 18, the company issued check no. 1181 for $1,102 to M. Datz on account. The
check, which cleared the bank in May, was incorrectly journalized and posted by Aglife
Genetics Company for $110.
5. A $4,000 note receivable was collected by the bank for Aglife Genetics Company on
May 31 plus $80 interest. The bank charged a collection fee of $25. No interest has
been accrued on the note.
6. Included with the cancelled checks was a check issued by Bohr Company to Carol
Mertz for $900 that was incorrectly charged to Aglife Genetics Company by the bank.
7. On May 31, the bank statement showed an NSF charge of $1,908 for a check issued by
Tyler Gricius, a customer, to Aglife Genetics Company on account.
Instructions
(a) Adj. cash bal. $14,307 (a) Prepare the bank reconciliation at May 31, 2014.
(b) Prepare the necessary adjusting entries for Aglife Genetics Company at May 31, 2014.
Prepare a bank reconciliation P7-4B The bank portion of the bank reconciliation for Brasilia Company at October 31,
and adjusting entries from 2014, was as follows.
detailed data.
(LO 7) Brasilia Company
Bank Reconciliation
October 31, 2014
Cash balance per bank R$6,000
Add: Deposits in transit 842
6,842
Check Number Check Amount
2451 R$700
2470 396
2471 464
2472 170
2474 578 2,308
Adjusted cash balance per bank R$4,534
The adjusted cash balance per bank agreed with the cash balance per books at October 31.
Problems: Set B 357
The November bank statement showed the following checks and deposits:
Bank Statement
Checks Deposits
Date Number Amount Date Amount
11-1 2470 R$ 396 11-1 R$ 842
11-2 2471 464 11-4 666
11-5 2474 578 11-8 545
11-4 2475 903 11-13 1,416
11-8 2476 1,556 11-18 810
11-10 2477 330 11-21 1,624
11-15 2479 980 11-25 1,412
11-18 2480 714 11-28 908
11-27 2481 382 11-30 652
11-30 2483 317 Total R$8,875
11-29 2486 495
Total R$7,115
The cash records per books for November showed the following.
Cash Receipts
Cash Payments Journal Journal
Date Number Amount Date Number Amount Date Amount
11-1 2475 R$ 903 11-20 2483 R$ 317 11-3 R$ 666
11-2 2476 1,556 11-22 2484 460 11-7 545
11-2 2477 330 11-23 2485 525 11-12 1,416
11-4 2478 300 11-24 2486 495 11-17 810
11-8 2479 890 11-29 2487 340 11-20 1,642
11-10 2480 714 11-30 2488 635 11-24 1,412
11-15 2481 382 Total R$8,197 11-27 908
11-18 2482 350 11-29 652
11-30 1,581
Total R$9,632
The bank statement contained two bank memoranda:

1. A credit of R$1,375 for the collection of a R$1,300 note for Brasilia Company plus in-
terest of R$91 and less a collection fee of R$16. Brasilia Company has not accrued any
interest on the note.
2. A debit for the printing of additional company checks R$35.
At November 30, the cash balance per books was R$5,969, and the cash balance per the
bank statement was R$9,100. The bank did not make any errors, but two errors were made
by Brasilia Company.
Instructions
(a) Using the four steps in the reconciliation procedure described on pages 336–337, (a) Adjusted cash balance per
prepare a bank reconciliation at November 30. bank R$7,201
(b) Prepare the adjusting entries based on the reconciliation. (Hint: The correction of any
errors pertaining to recording checks should be made to Accounts Payable. The cor-
rection of any errors relating to recording cash receipts should be made to Accounts
Receivable.)
Prepare a bank reconciliation P7-5B Tizani Company’s bank statement from Eastern National Bank at August 31, 2014,
and adjusting entries. shows the information below.
(LO 7)
Balance, August 1 $11,284 Bank credit memoranda:
August deposits 47,521 Collection of note
Checks cleared in August 46,175 receivable plus $105
Balance, August 31 17,146 interest $4,505
Interest earned 41
Bank debit memorandum:
Safety deposit box rent 30
A summary of the Cash account in the ledger for August shows: balance, August 1, $10,559;
receipts $50,050; disbursements $47,794; and balance, August 31, $12,815. Analysis re-
veals that the only reconciling items on the July 31 bank reconciliation were a deposit in
transit for $2,200 and outstanding checks of $2,925. The deposit in transit was the first
deposit recorded by the bank in August. In addition, you determine that there were two
errors involving company checks drawn in August: (1) A check for $340 to a creditor on
account that cleared the bank in August was journalized and posted for $430. (2) A salary
check to an employee for $275 was recorded by the bank for $277.
Instructions
(a) Adjusted balance per books (a) Prepare a bank reconciliation at August 31.
$17,421 (b) Journalize the adjusting entries to be made by Tizani Company at August 31. Assume
that interest on the note has not been accrued by the company.
Prepare a comprehensive P7-6B Stupendous Company is a very profitable small business. It has not, however, given
bank reconciliation with much consideration to internal control. For example, in an attempt to keep clerical and
theft and internal control office expenses to a minimum, the company has combined the jobs of cashier and book-
deficiencies. keeper. As a result, Jake Burnett handles all cash receipts, keeps the accounting records,
(LO 2, 3, 4, 7) and prepares the monthly bank reconciliations.
The balance per the bank statement on October 31, 2014, was £15,313. Outstand-
ing checks were no. 62 for £107.74, no. 183 for £127.50, no. 284 for £215.26, no. 862 for
£132.10, no. 863 for £192.78, and no. 864 for £140.49. Included with the statement was a
credit memorandum of £460 indicating the collection of a note receivable for Stupendous
Company by the bank on October 25. This memorandum has not been recorded by Stu-
pendous Company.
The company’s ledger showed one cash account with a balance of £18,608.81. The
balance included undeposited cash on hand. Because of the lack of internal controls, Bur-
nett took for personal use all of the undeposited receipts in excess of £3,226.18. He then
prepared the following bank reconciliation in an effort to conceal his theft of cash.
Bank Reconciliation
Cash balance per books, October 31 £18,608.81
Add: Outstanding checks
No. 862 £132.10
No. 863 192.78
No. 864 140.49 390.37
18,999.18
Less: Undeposited receipts 3,226.18
Unadjusted balance per bank, October 31 15,773.00
Less: Bank credit memorandum 460.00
Cash balance per bank statement, October 31 £15,313.00
Instructions
(a) Adjusted balance per books (a) Prepare a correct bank reconciliation. (Hint: Deduct the amount of the theft from the
£17,623.31 adjusted balance per books.)
(b) Indicate the three ways that Burnett attempted to conceal the theft and the pound
amount pertaining to each method.
(c) What principles of internal control were violated in this case?
Continuing Cookie Chronicle 359
COMPREHENSIVE PROBLEM
CP7 On December 1, 2014, Westmoreland Company had the following account balances.
Debit Credit
Cash $18,200 Accumulated Depreciation—
Notes Receivable 2,000 Equipment $ 3,000
Accounts Receivable 7,500 Accounts Payable 6,100
Inventory 16,000 Share Capital—Ordinary 50,000
Prepaid Insurance 1,600 Retained Earnings 14,200
Equipment 28,000 $73,300
$73,300
During December, the company completed the following transactions.
Dec. 7 Received $3,600 cash from customers in payment of account (no discount allowed).
12 Purchased merchandise on account from Alice Co. $12,000, terms 1/10, n/30.
17 Sold merchandise on account $16,000, terms 2/10, n/30. The cost of the merchan-
dise sold was $10,000.
19 Paid salaries $2,200.
22 Paid Alice Co. in full, less discount.
26 Received collections in full, less discounts, from customers billed on December 17.
31 Received $2,700 cash from customers in payment of account (no discount allowed).
Adjustment data:
1. Depreciation $200 per month.
2. Insurance expired $400.
Instructions
(a) Journalize the December transactions. (Assume a perpetual inventory system.)
(b) Enter the December 1 balances in the ledger T-accounts and post the December trans-
actions. Use Cost of Goods Sold, Depreciation Expense, Insurance Expense, Salaries
and Wages Expense, Sales Revenue, and Sales Discounts.
(c) The statement from Dodge Bank on December 31 showed a balance of $25,930. A com-
parison of the bank statement with the Cash account revealed the following facts.
1. The bank collected a note receivable of $2,000 for Westmoreland Company on
December 15.
2. The December 31 receipts were deposited in a night deposit vault on December 31.
These deposits were recorded by the bank in January.
3. Checks outstanding on December 31 totaled $1,210.
4. On December 31, the bank statement showed an NSF charge of $680 for a check
received by the company from K. Quinn, a customer, on account.
Prepare a bank reconciliation as of December 31 based on the available information.
(Hint: The cash balance per books is $26,100. This can be proven by finding the
balance in the Cash account from parts (a) and (b).)
(d) Journalize the adjusting entries resulting from the bank reconciliation and adjust-
ment data.
(e) Post the adjusting entries to the ledger T-accounts.
(f) Prepare an adjusted trial balance.
(g) Prepare an income statement for December and a classified statement of financial position
at December 31.
CONTINUING COOKIE CHRONICLE
(Note: This is a continuation of the Cookie Chronicle from Chapters 1–6.)

CCC7 Part 1 Natalie is struggling to keep up with the recording of her accounting trans-
actions. She is spending a lot of time marketing and selling mixers and giving her cookie
classes. Her friend John is an accounting student who runs his own accounting service. He
has asked Natalie if she would like to have him do her accounting. John and Natalie meet
and discuss her business.
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SOLUTIONS TO BRIEF EXERCISES
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-1
1. Financial Pressure
2. Rationalization
3. Financial Pressure
4. Opportunity
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-2
1. True.
2. True.
3. False. The three components of the fraud triangle are opportunity,
financial pressure, and rationalization.
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-3
The purposes of internal control are to:
1. Safeguard a company’s assets from employee theft, robbery, and un-

authorized use. An application for Preferred Parking is the use of a
cash register to safeguard assets.
2. Enhance the accuracy and reliability of a company’s accounting records by

reducing the risk of errors (unintentional mistakes) and irregularities
(intentional mistakes and misrepresentations) in the accounting process.
An application for Preferred Parking is preparation of a bank reconciliation.
3. Increase efficiency of operations. An application is assignment of

responsibility to specific employees.
4. Ensure compliance with laws and regulations. An application is use of

cash register tapes to document sales and applicable sales taxes.
All of these purposes are important to the success of any business endeavor.
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Weygandt Financial, IFRS, 2/e, Solution’s Manual (For Instructor Use Only) 7-9
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-4
1. Segregation of duties.
2. Independent internal verification.
3. Documentation procedures.
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-5
1. Physical controls.
2. Human resource controls.
5. Establishment of responsibility.
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-6
1. Cash ............................................................... 6,845.25

Cash Over and Short .................................... 46.25
Sales Revenue ........................................ 6,891.50
2. Cash ............................................................... 6,919.82

Cash Over and Short .............................. 28.32
Sales Revenue ........................................ 6,891.50
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-7
Cash ($1,125.74 – $180.00)................................... 945.74

Cash Over and Short ............................................ 5.09
Sales Revenue ............................................... 950.83
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-8
1. Documentation procedures.
3. Physical controls.
4. Establishment of responsibility.
7-10 Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Weygandt Financial, IFRS, 2/e, Solution’s Manual (For Instructor Use Only)
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-9
Mar. 20 Postage Expense........................................................... 520

Freight-Out..................................................................... 260
Travel Expense .............................................................. 100
Cash Over and Short..................................................... 30
Cash........................................................................ 910
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-10
1. A check provides documentary evidence of the payment of a specified

sum of money to a designated payee.
2. A bank statement provides a double record of a depositor’s bank

transactions. It also is used in making periodic independent bank
reconciliations.
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-11
1. Outstanding checks—deducted from cash balance per bank.

2. Bank service charge—deducted from cash balance per books.
3. Collection of note by bank—added to cash balance per books.
4. Deposits in transit—added to cash balance per bank.
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-12
1. The reconciling items per the books, items (2) and (3) above, will require
adjustment on the books of the depositor.
2. The other reconciling items, deposits in transit and outstanding checks,

do not require adjustment by the bank. When these items reach the bank,
the bank balance will automatically adjust itself.
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-13
Cash balance per bank....................................................................... $7,420

Add: Deposits in transit .................................................................... 1,620
9,040
Less: Outstanding checks ................................................................ 762
Adjusted cash balance per bank ....................................................... $8,278
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-14
Cash balance per books..................................................................... €8,900

Add: Interest earned .......................................................................... 40
8,940
Less: Charge for printing company checks .................................... 35
Adjusted cash balance per books..................................................... €8,905
BRIEF EXERCISE 7-15
Plano Company should report Cash in Bank and Payroll Bank account
as current assets. Plant Expansion Fund Cash should be reported as
a non-current asset, assuming the fund is not expected to be used during
the next year.
SOLUTIONS FOR DO IT! REVIEW EXERCISES
DO IT! 7-1
1. Violates the control activity of documentation procedures. Source docu-

ments should be promptly forwarded to the accounting department so
accounting entries can be made. This control activity helps to ensure
timely recording of sales transactions and contributes directly to the
accuracy and reliability of the accounting records.
DO IT! 7-1 (Continued)
2. Violates the control activity of segregation of duties. Different individuals

should be responsible for related activities, such as these three related
purchasing activities. Many abuses could occur: placing orders with
friends and getting kickbacks; performing cursory counts and inspec-
tions of delivered goods; approving fictitious invoices for payment.
3. Violates the control activity of establishment of responsibility. Ralph’s

Foods would be unable to determine who was responsible for a cash
shortage; this lapse could even encourage employee theft.
DO IT! 7-2
All mail receipts should be opened in the presence of two mail clerks. Those
mail clerks should immediately stamp each check “For Deposit Only.” The
mail clerks should prepare, in duplicate, a list of the checks received each
day. The checks and prelist should be sent on to the cashier’s department
each day, and the cashier should deposit the checks daily. The duplicate
prelist should be sent to the treasurer’s department and used to confirm
that all receipts were deposited and recorded.
DO IT! 7-3
Aug. 1 Petty Cash ..................................................... 100

Cash ........................................................ 100
30 Postage Expense .......................................... 31

Supplies ......................................................... 42
Miscellaneous Expense................................ 16
Cash Over and Short .................................... 5
Cash (£100 – £6)..................................... 94
DO IT! 7-4
Jon should treat the reconciling items as follows:
1. Outstanding checks: Deduct from balance per bank.

2. A deposit in transit: Add to balance per bank.
3. The bank charged to our account a check written by another company:
Add to balance per bank.
4. A debit memorandum for a bank service charge: Deduct from balance
per books.
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES
EXERCISE 7-1
1. Establishment of responsibility. The counter clerk is responsible for

handling cash. Other employees are responsible for making the pizzas.
2. Segregation of duties. Employees who make the pizzas do not handle cash.
3. Documentation procedures. The counter clerk uses your order invoice

(ticket) in registering the sale on the cash register. The cash register
produces a tape of all sales.
4. Physical controls. A cash register is used to record the sale.
5. Independent internal verification. The counter clerk, in handling the pizza,

compares the size of the pizza with the size indicated on the order.
6. Human resource controls. No visible application possible.
EXERCISE 7-2
(a) (b)
Recommended
Procedure Weakness Principle Change
1. Cash is not Physical Cash should be
adequately controls. stored in a safe
protected until it is deposited
from theft. in bank.
2. Inability to Establishment There should be

establish of responsibility. separate cash
responsibility drawers and
for cash with register codes
a specific clerk. for each clerk.
EXERCISE 7-2 (Continued)
(a) (b)
Recommended
3. The accountant Segregation The cashier’s
should not of duties. department should
handle cash. make the deposits.
4. Cash is not Independent A cashier office

independently internal supervisor should
counted. verification. count cash.
5. Cashiers are Human resource All cashiers should

not bonded. controls. be bonded.
EXERCISE 7-3
(a) (b)
Recommended
1. The bank Independent Someone with no
reconciliation internal other cash
is not verification. responsibilities
independently should prepare the
prepared. bank reconciliation.
2. The approval Segregation The store manager

and payment of duties. should approve bills
of bills is done for payment and the
by the same treasurer should sign
individual. and issue checks.
3. Checks are Physical Checks should be

not stored in controls. stored in a safe or
a secure area. locked file drawer.
(a) (b)
Recommended
4. After payment, Documentation Bills should be stamped
bills are simply procedures. paid before being placed
filed in a folder. in the folder.
5. Checks are not Documentation Checks should

prenumbered. procedures. be prenumbered
and subsequently
accounted for.
EXERCISE 7-4
(a) Weaknesses (b) Suggested Improvement
1. Checks are not prenumbered. Use prenumbered checks.
2. The purchasing agent signs Only the treasurer’s department

checks. personnel should sign checks.
3. Unissued checks are stored in Unissued checks should be stored

unlocked file cabinet. in a locked file cabinet with access
restricted to authorized personnel.
4. Purchasing agent approves Purchasing agent should approve

and pays for goods purchased. bills for payment by the treasurer.
5. After payment, the invoice is The invoice should be stamped

filed. PAID.
6. The purchasing agent records Only accounting department

payments in cash disburse- personnel should record cash
ments journal. disbursements.
(a) Weaknesses (b) Suggested Improvement
7. The treasurer records the Same as answer to No. 6 above.

checks in cash disbursements
journal.
8. The treasurer reconciles the An internal auditor should

bank statement. reconcile the bank statement.
(b) To: Treasurer, Teresa Company
From: Accounting Student
I have reviewed your cash disbursements system and suggest that you
make the following improvements:
1. Teresa Company should use prenumbered checks. These should

be stored in a locked file cabinet or safe with access restricted to
authorized personnel.
2. The purchasing department should approve bills for payment. The

treasurer’s department should prepare and sign the checks. The
invoices should be stamped paid so that they cannot be paid twice.
3. Only the accounting department personnel should record cash

disbursements.
4. An internal auditor should reconcile the bank statement.
If you have any questions about implementing these suggestions, please

contact me.
EXERCISE 7-5
Procedure IC good or weak? Related internal control principle

1. Weak Establishment of Responsibility
2. Good Independent Internal Verification
3. Weak Segregation of Duties
4. Good Segregation of Duties
5. Weak Documentation Procedures
EXERCISE 7-6
Procedure IC good or weak? Related internal control principle

1. Good Human Resource Controls
2. Weak Establishment of Responsibility
3. Weak Segregation of Duties
4. Good Independent Internal Verification
5. Good Physical Controls
EXERCISE 7-7
May 1 Petty Cash ....................................................... 100.00

Cash ........................................................... 100.00
June 1 Delivery Expense ............................................ 31.25

Postage Expense ............................................ 41.00
Miscellaneous Expense.................................. 25.00
Cash Over and Short ...................................... 1.00
Cash............................................................ 98.25
July 1 Delivery Expense ............................................ 21.00

Entertainment Expense .................................. 51.00
Miscellaneous Expense.................................. 24.75
Cash ........................................................... 96.75
July 10 Petty Cash ....................................................... 50.00

Cash ........................................................... 50.00
EXERCISE 7-8
Mar. 1 Petty Cash .................................................................. 100

Cash .................................................................... 100
15 Postage Expense....................................................... 39
Freight-out.................................................................. 17
Miscellaneous Expense ............................................ 13
Travel Expense .......................................................... 24
Cash Over and Short................................................. 3
Cash .................................................................... 96
20 Petty Cash .................................................................. 50

Cash .................................................................... 50
EXERCISE 7-9
(a) Cash balance per bank statement ................... CHF3,660.20

Add: Deposits in transit.................................. 480.00
4,140.20
Less: Outstanding checks............................... 930.00
Adjusted cash balance per bank ..................... CHF3,210.20
Cash balance per books ................................... CHF3,825.20

Less: NSF check .............................................. CHF590.00
Bank service charge .............................. 25.00 615.00
Adjusted cash balance per books ................... CHF3,210.20
(b) Accounts Receivable ........................................ 590.00

Cash............................................................ 590.00
Miscellaneous Expense ................................... 25.00

Cash............................................................ 25.00
EXERCISE 7-10
The outstanding checks are as follows:
No. Amount
255 $ 720
260 820
262 750
Total $2,290
EXERCISE 7-11
(a) TERESINA VIDEO COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
July 31
Cash balance per bank statement..................................... R$7,293

Add: Deposits in transit ................................................... 1,500
8,793
Less: Outstanding checks ................................................ 621
Adjusted cash balance per bank ....................................... R$8,172
Cash balance per books .................................................... R$7,384

Add: Collection of note receivable
(R$800 plus accrued interest R$36,
less collection fee R$20)......................................... 816
8,200
Less: Bank service charge ............................................... 28
Adjusted cash balance per books..................................... R$8,172
(b) July 31 Cash.................................................................... 816

Miscellaneous Expense .................................... 20
Notes Receivable ....................................... 800
Interest Revenue ........................................ 36
31 Miscellaneous Expense .................................... 28

Cash ............................................................ 28
EXERCISE 7-12
(a) WASSON COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
September 30
Cash balance per bank statement .......................... $16,122

Add: Deposits in transit......................................... 4,450
20,572
Less: Outstanding checks...................................... 2,383
Adjusted cash balance per bank ............................ $18,189
Cash balance per books .......................................... $17,404

Add: Collection of note receivable ($1,500 + $30).... $ 1,530
Interest earned .............................................. 45 1,575
18,979
Less: NSF check ..................................................... 725
Safety deposit box rent ................................ 65 790
Adjusted cash balance per books .......................... $18,189
(b) Sept. 30 Cash ....................................................... 1,530

Notes Receivable........................... 1,500
Interest Revenue............................ 30
30 Cash ....................................................... 45
Interest Revenue............................ 45
30 Accounts Receivable—Violet Jones...... 725

Cash................................................ 725
30 Miscellaneous Expense ........................ 65

Cash................................................ 65
EXERCISE 7-13
(a) Deposits in transit:

Deposits per books in July...................................... €15,750
Less: Deposits per bank in July ............................ €15,600
Deposits in transit, June 30.................. (920)
July receipts deposited in July ............................... 14,680
Deposits in transit, July 31...................................... € 1,070
(b) Outstanding checks:

Checks per books in July................................ €17,200
Less: Checks clearing bank in July .............. €16,400
Outstanding checks, June 30 .............. (880)
July checks cleared in July............................. 15,520
Outstanding checks, July 31........................... € 1,680
(c) Deposits in transit:

Deposits per bank statement in
September ..................................................... €26,700
Add: Deposits in transit, September 30....... 2,600
Total deposits to be accounted for ................ 29,300
Less: Deposits per books .............................. 25,400
Deposits in transit, August 31 ........................ € 3,900
(d) Outstanding checks:

Checks clearing bank in September .............. €24,000
Add: Outstanding checks, September 30.... 2,100
Total checks to be accounted for ................... 26,100
Less: Cash disbursements per books .......... 23,700
Outstanding checks, August 31 ..................... € 2,400
EXERCISE 7-14
(a) Cash and cash equivalents should be reported at $83,500.

Cash in bank..................................................... $41,000
Cash on hand ................................................... 8,000
Petty cash ......................................................... 500
Highly liquid investments................................ 34,000
$83,500
(b) “Cash in plant expansion fund” should be reported as part of long-term
investments (a noncurrent asset). “Receivables from customers” should be
reported as accounts receivable in the current assets. “Share investments”
should also be reported in the current assets.
(c) Nayak should disclose in the financial statements an explanation of
what entails each equivalents.
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS
PROBLEM 7-1A
Principles Application to Cash Disbursements
Establishment of responsibility. Only the treasurer and assistant treasurer are

authorized to sign checks.
Segregation of duties. Invoices must be approved by both the pur-

chasing agent and the receiving department
supervisor. Payment can only be made by the
treasurer or assistant treasurer, and the check
signers do not record the cash disbursement
transactions.
Documentation procedures. Checks are prenumbered. Following payment,

invoices are stamped PAID.
Physical controls. Blank checks are kept in a safe in the treasurer’s

office. Only the treasurer and assistant treasurer
have access to the safe. A checkwriting machine
is used in writing checks.
Independent internal The check signer compares the check with

verification. the approved invoice prior to issue. Bank and
book balances are reconciled monthly by the
assistant chief accountant.
Human resource controls. All employees who handle or record cash are
bonded.
PROBLEM 7-2A
(a) July 1 Petty Cash ............................................... 200.00

Cash ................................................. 200.00
15 Freight-out............................................... 87.00
Postage Expense .................................... 51.40
Entertainment Expense .......................... 46.60
Miscellaneous Expense ......................... 11.20
Cash ................................................. 198.00
31 Freight-out............................................... 82.10
Charitable Contribution Expense .......... 45.00
Postage Expense .................................... 25.50
Cash ................................................. 192.00
Aug. 15 Freight-out............................................... 75.60

Entertainment Expense .......................... 43.00
Postage Expense .................................... 33.00
Cash Over and Short ...................... 1.60
Cash ................................................. 187.00
16 Petty Cash ............................................... 100.00

Cash ................................................. 100.00
31 Postage Expense .................................... 133.00

Travel Expense ....................................... 95.60
Freight-out............................................... 47.10
Cash ................................................. 277.00
(b)
Petty Cash
July 1 CP 200 200
Aug. 16 CP 100 300
PROBLEM 7-2A (Continued)
(c) The internal control features of a petty cash fund include:
(1) A custodian is responsible for the fund.
(2) A prenumbered petty cash receipt signed by the custodian and the
individual receiving payment is required for each payment from
the fund.
(3) The treasurer’s office examines all payments and stamps supporting
documents to indicate they were paid when the fund is replenished.
(4) Surprise counts can be made at any time to determine whether the
fund is intact.
PROBLEM 7-3A
(a) TERRELL COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
May 31, 2014
Cash balance per bank statement.................... £6,804.60

Add: Deposit in transit .................................... £1,916.15
Bank error—Bridges check ................... 600.00 2,516.15
9,320.75
Less: Outstanding checks ............................... 276.25
Adjusted cash balance per bank ...................... £9,044.50
Cash balance per books ................................... £6,781.50

(£3,000 note plus £80 interest
less £20 fee) ............................................ 3,060.00
9,841.50
Less: NSF check ............................................... £ 680.00
Error in May 12 deposit
(£886.15 – £836.15) ............................. 50.00
Error in recording check No. 1181 ........ 27.00*
Check printing charge ........................... 40.00 797.00
Adjusted cash balance per books.................... £9,044.50
*£685 – £658
(b) May 31 Cash............................................................... 3,060

Miscellaneous Expense ............................... 20
Notes Receivable .................................. 3,000
Interest Revenue ................................... 80
31 Accounts Receivable—Sandy Grifton ........ 680

Cash ....................................................... 680
31 Sales Revenue .............................................. 50

Cash ....................................................... 50
31 Accounts Payable—Barry Dietz .................. 27

Cash ....................................................... 27
31 Miscellaneous Expense ............................... 40

Cash ....................................................... 40
PROBLEM 7-4A
(a) RINTALA COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
December 31, 2014
Cash balance per bank statement ..................... $20,154.30

Add: Deposits in transit ................................... 1,190.40
21,344.70
No. 3470 ................................................. $ 720.10
No. 3474 ................................................. 1,050.00
No. 3478 ................................................. 621.30
No. 3481 ................................................. 807.40
No. 3484 ................................................. 798.00
No. 3486 ................................................. 1,889.50 5,886.30
Adjusted cash balance per bank ........................ $15,458.40
Cash balance per books ...................................... $12,485.20

Add: Note collected by bank
($3,500 note plus $160 interest
less $15 fee) .............................................. 3,645.00
16,130.20
Less: NSF check ................................................ $ 572.80
Error in recording check No. 3485 ......... 90.00*
Error in 12-21 deposit
($2,954 – $2,945) ................................. 9.00 671.80
Adjusted cash balance per books ..................... $15,458.40
*$540.80 – $450.80
(b) Dec. 31 Cash ...................................................... 3,645.00
Miscellaneous Expense ...................... 15.00
Notes Receivable ........................ 3,500.00
Interest Revenue ......................... 160.00
31 Accounts Receivable—D. Chagnon ..... 572.80
Cash ............................................. 572.80
31 Accounts Payable................................ 90.00
Cash ............................................. 90.00
31 Accounts Receivable........................... 9.00
Cash ............................................. 9.00
PROBLEM 7-5A
(a) CAYEMBERG COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
July 31, 2014
Cash balance per bank statement........................... €24,514

Add: Deposits in transit (1).................................... 7,400
31,914
Less: Outstanding checks (2)................................. €8,460
Bank error (€255 – €155)............................... 100 8,560
Adjusted cash balance per bank ............................. €23,354
Cash balance per books .......................................... €21,850

Add: Collection of note receivable by bank
(€1,400 note plus €70 interest) ..................... €1,470
Book error (€320 – €230) .............................. 90 1,560
23,410
Less: Check printing charge .................................. 56
Adjusted cash balance per books........................... €23,354
(1) July receipts per books ....................... €81,400

July deposits per bank ........................ €81,000
Less: Deposits in transit,
June 30 ...................................... 7,000 74,000
Deposits in transit, July 31.................. € 7,400
(2) Disbursements per books

in July................................................ €77,150
Less: Book error ................................. 90
Total disbursements to
be accounted for .............................. 77,060
Checks clearing bank
in July................................................ €74,700
Add: Bank error ................................. € 100
Less: June 30
outstanding checks .................. 6,200 6,100 68,600
Outstanding checks,
July 31 ............................................... € 8,460
(b) July 31 Cash ................................................................ 1,470

Notes Receivable.................................... 1,400
Interest Revenue .................................... 70
31 Cash ................................................................ 90
Accounts Payable .................................. 90
31 Miscellaneous Expense................................. 56
Cash......................................................... 56
PROBLEM 7-6A
Rob has created a situation that leaves many opportunities for undetected
theft. Here is a list of some of the deficiencies in internal control. You may
find others.
1. Documentation procedures. The tickets were unnumbered. By numbering

the tickets, the students could have been held more accountable for the
tickets. See number 3 below.
2. Physical controls and establishment of responsibility. The tickets were left

in an unlocked box on his desk. Instead, Rob should have assigned
control of the tickets to one individual, in a locked box which that student
alone had control over.
3. Documentation procedures. No record was kept of which students took

tickets to sell or how many they took. In combination with items 1 and
2 above, the student assigned control over the tickets should have
kept a record of which tickets were issued to each student for resale.
(Note: This problem could have been largely avoided if the tickets had
only been sold at the door on the day of the dance.)
4. Documentation procedures. There was no control over unsold tickets.

This deficiency made it possible for students to sell the tickets, keep
the cash, and tell Rob that they had disposed of the unsold tickets.
Instead, students should have been required to return the unsold
tickets to the student maintaining control over tickets, and the cash to
Rob. In each case, the students should have been issued a receipt for
the cash they turned in and the tickets they returned.
5. Establishment of responsibility. Inadequate control over the cash box.

In effect, it was operated like a petty cash fund, but too many people
had the key. Instead, Rob should have had the key and dispersed
funds when necessary for purchases.
6. Documentation procedures. Instead of receipts, students simply wrote

notes saying how they used the funds. Instead, it should have been
required that they provided a valid receipt.
7. Segregation of duties. Erik Radley counted the funds, made out the
deposit slip, and took the funds to the bank. This made it possible for
Erik Radley to take some of the money and deposit the rest since there
was no external check on his work. Rob should have counted the funds,
with someone observing him. Then he could have made out the deposit
slip and had Erik Radley deposit the funds.
8. Documentation procedures. Rob did not receive a receipt from

Obnoxious AI. Without a receipt, there is no way to verify how much
Obnoxious Al was actually paid. For example, it is possible that he was
only paid $100 and that Rob took the rest.
9. Segregation of duties. Sobia Hamm was collecting tickets and receiving

cash for additional tickets sold. Instead, there should have been one
person selling tickets at the door and a second person collecting
tickets.
PROBLEM 7-1B
(a) Principles Application to Orpheum Theater
Establishment of responsibility. Only cashiers are authorized to sell

tickets. Only the manager and cashier
can handle cash.
Segregation of duties. The duties of receiving cash and admit-

ting customers are assigned to the
cashier and to the usher. The manager
maintains custody of the cash, and the
company accountant records the cash.
Documentation procedures. Tickets are prenumbered. Cash count

sheets are prepared. Deposit slips are
prepared.
Physical controls. A safe is used for the storage of cash

and a machine is used to issue tickets.
Independent internal verification. Cash counts are made by the manager at

the end of each cashier’s shift. Daily
comparisons are made by the company
treasurer.
Human resource controls. Shifts are rotated among the cashiers.
(b) Actions by the usher and cashier to misappropriate cash might include:
(1) Instead of tearing the tickets, the usher could return the tickets to
the cashier who could resell them, and the two could divide the cash.
(2) The cashier could issue a lower price ticket than paid for and the
usher would admit the customer. The difference between the ticket
issued and the cash received could be divided between the usher
and cashier.
PROBLEM 7-2B
(a) July 1 Petty Cash.................................................. 100.00

Cash.................................................... 100.00
15 Freight-out ................................................. 51.00

Postage Expense....................................... 20.50
Entertainment Expense ............................ 23.10
Miscellaneous Expense ............................ 4.10
Cash.................................................... 94.90
Cash Over and Short......................... 3.80
31 Freight-out ................................................. 43.50

Charitable Contribution Expense ............ 20.00
Postage Expense....................................... 20.10
Cash.................................................... 92.90
Aug. 15 Freight-out ................................................. 40.20

Postage Expense....................................... 14.00
Cash Over and Short................................. 3.00
Cash.................................................... 98.00
16 Petty Cash.................................................. 50.00

Cash.................................................... 50.00
31 Freight-out ................................................. 74.00

Postage Expense....................................... 17.70
Cash Over and Short................................. 2.10
Cash.................................................... 137.00
(b)
Petty Cash
July 1 CP 100 100
Aug. 16 CP 50 150
PROBLEM 7-2B (Continued)
(c) The internal control features of a petty cash fund include:
(1) A custodian is responsible for the fund.
(2) A prenumbered petty cash receipt signed by the custodian and the
individual receiving payment is required for each payment from
the fund.
(3) The treasurer’s office examines all payments and stamps supporting
documents to indicate they were paid when the fund is replenished.
(4) Surprise counts can be made at any time to determine whether the
fund is intact.
PROBLEM 7-3B
(a) AGLIFE GENETICS COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
May 31, 2014
Cash balance per bank statement ...................... $12,732

Add: Deposit in transit ...................................... $2,100
Bank error—Bohr check........................... 900 3,000
15,732
Less: Outstanding checks.................................. 1,425
Adjusted cash balance per bank ........................ $14,307
Cash balance per books ...................................... $13,287

($4,000 note plus $80 interest
less $25 fee) .............................................. 4,055
17,342
Less: NSF check ................................................. $1,908
Error in May 12 deposit ............................ 100
Error in recording check No. 1181 .......... 992*
Check printing charge .............................. 35 3,035
Adjusted cash balance per books ...................... $14,307
*$1,102 – $110
(b) May 31 Cash ................................................................. 4,055

Miscellaneous Expense ................................. 25
Notes Receivable.................................... 4,000
31 Accounts Receivable—Tyler Gricius ............ 1,908

Cash......................................................... 1,908
31 Sales Revenue ................................................ 100

Cash......................................................... 100
31 Accounts Payable—M. Datz........................... 992

Cash......................................................... 992
31 Miscellaneous Expense ................................. 35

Cash......................................................... 35
PROBLEM 7-4B
(a) BRASILIA COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
November 30, 2014
Balance per bank statement ........................... R$ 9,100

Add: Deposits in transit ................................ 1,581
10,681
No. 2451............................................. R$700
No. 2472............................................. 170
No. 2478............................................. 300
No. 2482............................................. 350
No. 2484............................................. 460
No. 2485............................................. 525
No. 2487............................................. 340
No. 2488............................................. 635 3,480
Adjusted cash balance per bank .................... R$ 7,201
Balance per books........................................... R$ 5,969

Add: Note collected by bank
(R$1,300 note plus R$91 interest
less R$16 fee) ....................................... 1,375
7,344
Less: Check printing charge ......................... R$ 35
Error in recording check No. 2479........ 90*
Error in 11-21 deposit
(R$1,642 – R$1,624) ........................... 18 143
Adjusted cash balance per books.................. R$ 7,201
*R$980 – R$890
(b) Nov. 30 Cash............................................................ 1,375

Miscellaneous Expense ............................ 16
Notes Receivable ............................... 1,300
Interest Revenue ................................ 91
30 Miscellaneous Expense ............................ 35

Cash .................................................... 35
30 Accounts Payable...................................... 90
Cash .................................................... 90
30 Accounts Receivable ................................ 18

Cash .................................................... 18
PROBLEM 7-5B
(a) TIZANI COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
August 31, 2014
Cash balance per bank statement........................ $17,146

Add: Deposits in transit (1)................................. $ 4,729
Bank error ($277 – $275) ............................ 2 4,731
21,877
Less: Outstanding checks (2).............................. 4,456
Adjusted cash balance per bank .......................... $17,421
Cash balance per books ....................................... $12,815

Add: Collection of note receivable by bank
($4,400 note plus $105 interest) ................ $ 4,505
Book error ($430 – $340)............................ 90
Interest earned............................................ 41 4,636
17,451
Less: Safety deposit box rent.............................. 30
Adjusted cash balance per books........................ $17,421
(1) August receipts per books............................ $50,050

August deposits per bank ............................. $47,521
Less: Deposits in transit, July 31 ................ 2,200 45,321
Deposits in transit, August 31 ...................... $ 4,729
(2) Disbursements per books in

August....................................... $47,794
Less: Book error ......................... 90
Total disbursements to be
accounted for ........................... 47,704
Checks clearing bank in
August....................................... $46,175
Less: Bank error.......................... $ 2
July 31 outstanding
checks............................ 2,925 2,927 43,248
Outstanding checks,
August 31.................................. $ 4,456
(b) Aug. 31 Cash................................................................ 4,505

Notes Receivable ................................... 4,400
31 Cash................................................................ 90
Accounts Payable .................................. 90
31 Cash................................................................ 41
31 Miscellaneous Expense ................................ 30

Cash ........................................................ 30
PROBLEM 7-6B
(a) STUPENDOUS COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
October 31, 2014
Balance per bank statement ............................................. £15,313.00

Plus: Undeposited receipts ............................................. 3,226.18
18,539.18
No. Amount No. Amount

62 £107.74 862 £132.10
183 127.50 863 192.78
284 215.26 864 140.49 ................... 915.87
Adjusted balance per bank ............................................... £17,623.31
Cash balance per books ................................................... £18,608.81

Add: Bank credit (collection of note receivable) .......... 460.00
Adjusted balance per books (before theft)...................... 19,068.81
Less: Theft......................................................................... 1,445.50*
Adjusted balance per books ............................................. £17,623.31
*£19,068.81 – £17,623.31
(b) The cashier attempted to cover the theft of £1,445.50 by:
1. Not listing as outstanding three checks totaling £450.50 (No. 62,

£107.74; No. 183, £127.50; and No. 284, £215.26).
2. Underfooting the outstanding checks listed by £75.00 (The correct

total is £465.37.)
3. Subtracting the £460 bank credit from the book balance instead of
adding it to the book balance, thereby concealing £920 of the theft.
(c) 1. The principle of independent internal verification has been violated

because the cashier prepared the bank reconciliation.
2. The principle of segregation of duties has been violated because

the cashier had access to the accounting records and also prepared
the bank reconciliation.
COMPREHENSIVE PROBLEM SOLUTION
(a) Dec. 7 Cash ............................................................ 3,600

Accounts Receivable ......................... 3,600
12 Inventory..................................................... 12,000
Accounts Payable .............................. 12,000
17 Accounts Receivable................................. 16,000

Sales Revenue.................................... 16,000
Cost of Goods Sold ................................... 10,000

Inventory ............................................. 10,000
19 Salaries and Wages Expense ................... 2,200

Cash .................................................... 2,200
22 Accounts Payable...................................... 12,000

Cash ($12,000 X .99)........................... 11,880
Inventory ............................................. 120
26 Cash ($16,000 X .98) .................................. 15,680

Sales Discounts ......................................... 320
31 Cash ............................................................ 2,700

COMPREHENSIVE PROBLEM SOLUTION (Continued)
(b) & (e) General Ledger
Cash
Accounts Payable
12/1 Bal. 18,200 12/19 2,200
12/22 12,000 12/1 Bal. 6,100
12/7 3,600 12/22 11,880
12/12 12,000
12/26 15,680 12/31 680
12/31 2,700 12/31 Bal. 6,100
12/31 2,000
Share Capital—Ordinary
12/31 Bal. 27,420
12/1 Bal. 50,000
Notes Receivable
Retained Earnings
12/1 Bal. 2,000 12/31 2,000
12/1 Bal. 14,200
12/31 Bal. – 0 –
Accounts Receivable
Sales Revenue
12/1 Bal. 7,500 12/7 3,600 12/17 16,000
12/17 16,000 12/26 16,000
12/31 Bal. 16,000
12/31 680 12/31 2,700
12/31 Bal. 1,880 Sales Discounts
12/26 320
Inventory
12/31 Bal. 320
12/1 Bal. 16,000 12/17 10,000
12/12 12,000 12/22 120 Cost of Goods Sold
12/31 Bal. 17,880 12/17 10,000
12/31 Bal. 10,000
Prepaid Insurance
12/1 Bal. 1,600 12/31 400 Depreciation Expense
12/31 Bal. 1,200 12/31 200
12/31 Bal. 200
Equipment
12/1 Bal. 28,000 Salaries and Wages Expense
12/19 2,200
12/31 Bal. 2,200
Accumulated to Depreciation—
Equipment Insurance Expense
12/1 Bal. 3,000 12/31 400
12/31 200 12/31 Bal. 400
12/31 Bal. 3,200
(c) WESTMORELAND COMPANY

Bank Reconciliation
December 31, 2014
Cash balance per bank statement........................... $25,930

Add: Deposits in transit ........................................... 2,700
28,630
Less: Outstanding checks ....................................... 1,210
Adjusted cash balance per bank............................. $27,420
Cash balance per books .......................................... 26,100

Add: Collection of note receivable.......................... 2,000
28,100
Less: NSF check ....................................................... 680
Adjusted cash balance per books........................... $27,420
(d) Dec. 31 Cash............................................................ 2,000

Notes Receivable................................ 2,000
31 Accounts Receivable ................................ 680

Cash..................................................... 680
31 Depreciation Expense............................... 200

Accumulated Depreciation—
Equipment ........................................ 200
31 Insurance Expense.................................... 400

Prepaid Insurance .............................. 400
(f) WESTMORELAND COMPANY

Adjusted Trial Balance
December 31, 2014
DR. CR.
Cash............................................................... $27,420
Accounts Receivable ................................... 1,880
Inventory ....................................................... 17,880
Prepaid Insurance ........................................ 1,200
Equipment ..................................................... 28,000
Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment .... $ 3,200
Accounts Payable......................................... 6,100
Share Capital—Ordinary .............................. 50,000
Retained Earnings ........................................ 14,200
Sales Revenue .............................................. 16,000
Sales Discounts ............................................ 320
Cost of Goods Sold ...................................... 10,000
Depreciation Expense .................................. 200
Salaries and Wages Expense ...................... 2,200
Insurance Expense ....................................... 400
$89,500 $89,500
(g) WESTMORELAND COMPANY

Income Statement
For the Month Ending December 31, 2014
Sales revenue .............................................. $16,000

Less: Sales discounts................................ 320
Net sales....................................................... 15,680
Cost of goods sold ...................................... 10,000
Gross profit.................................................. 5,680
Operating expenses
Salaries and wages expense .............. $2,200
Insurance expense............................... 400
Depreciation expense.......................... 200 2,800
Net income ................................................... $ 2,880
(g) WESTMORELAND COMPANY

Statement of Financial Position
December 31, 2014
Assets
Property, plant, and equipment

Equipment ............................................... $28,000
Less: Accumulated
depreciation—equipment......... 3,200 $24,800
Current assets
1. Prepaid insurance .............................. 1,200
2. Inventory ............................................. 17,880
3. Accounts receivable........................... 1,880
4. Cash..................................................... 27,420 48,380
Total assets .................................................... $73,180
Equity and Liabilities

Equity
Share capital ordinary............................ $50,000
Retained earnings ($14,200 + $2,880)... 17,080 $67,080
Current liabilities
Accounts payable................................... 6,100
Total equity and liabilities. ............................ $73,180

IFRS Edition (2nd) : Fraud, Internal Control, and Cash

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What are the three components of the fraud triangle?

What are the three components of the fraud triangle?

What are the four purposes of internal control?

What are the four purposes of internal control?

Financial Accounting

IFRS Edition (2nd)

Fraud, Internal Control,

> DO IT! REVIEW

Cash balance per books CHF3,825.20

Bank Statement Cash Payments Journal

The bank statement contained two memoranda:

CASH NO. 101

Lancaster State Bank

The bank statement contained two bank memoranda:

CONTINUING COOKIE CHRONICLE

(Note: This is a continuation of the Cookie Chronicle from Chapters 1–6.)

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BRIEF EXERCISE 7-1

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-2

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-3

The purposes of internal control are to:

1. Safeguard a company’s assets from employee theft, robbery, and un-

2. Enhance the accuracy and reliability of a company’s accounting records by

3. Increase efficiency of operations. An application is assignment of

4. Ensure compliance with laws and regulations. An application is use of

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-5

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-6

1. Cash ............................................................... 6,845.25

2. Cash ............................................................... 6,919.82

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-7

Cash ($1,125.74 – $180.00)................................... 945.74

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-8

Mar. 20 Postage Expense........................................................... 520

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-10

1. A check provides documentary evidence of the payment of a specified

2. A bank statement provides a double record of a depositor’s bank

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-11

1. Outstanding checks—deducted from cash balance per bank.

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-12

2. The other reconciling items, deposits in transit and outstanding checks,

Cash balance per bank....................................................................... $7,420

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-14

Cash balance per books..................................................................... €8,900

BRIEF EXERCISE 7-15

SOLUTIONS FOR DO IT! REVIEW EXERCISES

1. Violates the control activity of documentation procedures. Source docu-

2. Violates the control activity of segregation of duties. Different individuals

3. Violates the control activity of establishment of responsibility. Ralph’s

Aug. 1 Petty Cash ..................................................... 100

30 Postage Expense .......................................... 31

Jon should treat the reconciling items as follows:

1. Outstanding checks: Deduct from balance per bank.

1. Establishment of responsibility. The counter clerk is responsible for

3. Documentation procedures. The counter clerk uses your order invoice

4. Physical controls. A cash register is used to record the sale.

5. Independent internal verification. The counter clerk, in handling the pizza,

6. Human resource controls. No visible application possible.

2. Inability to Establishment There should be

4. Cash is not Independent A cashier office