GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH

MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND PUBLIC WORK

CHITTAGONG DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY

REPORT ON

STATIC AXIAL PILE LOAD TEST

On
CAST-IN-SITU TEST PILE

TEST PILE-01, In BETWEEN PIER-304 & 305 OF CONSTRUCTION OF ELEVATED

EXPRESSWAY FROM LALKHAN BAZAR
TO
SHAH AMANAT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, CHITTAGONG.

(MARCH-2019)

Submitted By:

MAX-RANKEN JOINT VENTURE

 CONTENTS
Page No.
Detail Information of Test Pile No-1, … … I
1.0 Introduction ... ... ... 1

2.0 Objective ... ... ... 1

3.0 Scope of work 1
... ... ...
4.0 Test Methodology 2

5.0 Physical description of test piles 3

... ... ...
and equipment
6.0 Interpretation of test result ... ... ... 4

7.0 Observation & Pile Capacity ... ... ... 5

INDEX FOR APPENDICES

Load-Test Plots, Data for Plots, Field Data Record,

Pressure Calculation, Loading Sequence, Calibration Charts (Jack-
Pressure Gauge and Dial Gauges), Fig-1 & Fig. 2, Raw Field Data
 Detail Information of Pilot Pile Pile No-01, In between Pier -304 & 305

General
1 Site Location In Between Pier P304 & P305
2 Contract identification Elevated Express Way from Lalkhan Bazar to Shah
Amanat International Airport, Chittagong
3 Proposed Structure Pilot Pile -01 in between P304 & P305
Date of Test 03-03-2019 to 05-03-2019
Pile Detail
Identification Pilot Pile -01 in between P304 & P305
Ground level at the pile position (+)6.730 m
Head level at which test load is applied (+)6.030 m
Type of Pile Bored Cast -in -Situ
Length of Pile 58.1m
Level in ground (+)6.730 m
Level of Toe (-)51.370 m
Details of permanent Casing No permanent Casing
Installation Details
Date and Time of Boring Start: 20-01-2019 at 4:40 pm
Completed: 21-01-2019at 1:30 am
Date and Time of Concreting Start: 21-01-2019 at 6:08 pm
Completed: 21-01-2019at 11:00 am
Test Procedure
Weight of Kentledge 1000MT
Compression Pile Details Dia: 1200mm, Test Length: 58,100mm
Plan of test Arrangement As per attached data sheet
Jack Capacity 1500 Ton
Method of Load Measurement By Calibrated Pressure gauge & Hydraulic jack
Method of Penetration Measurement Two Calibrated 0.01mm accuracy dial gauge
Relevant dates & times As per attached data sheet

Page-I
1.0 INTRODUCTION :

Construction of Elevated expressway from Lalkhan Bazar to Shah Amanat International Airport,
Chittagong is in progress under Chittagong Development Authority, Ministry of Housing and Public
Works. Max-Ranken JV the contractor for the project installed 1 numbers 1,200mm diameter &
58,100 mm (Test length) long bored cast-in-situ test piles in between pier P304 & P305, to assess the
capacity of foundation pile. The pile designated as Pilot Pile-1 has been tested with 150% of the
design load of 855,000 kg. This test was carried out between 20th to 21st January 2019.

2.0 OBJECTIVE:

Pile load test have been carried out to achieve following objectives –

 To determine the settlement under working load.

 To confirm the adequacy of design bearing capacity.

 As proof of acceptability

 Determine ultimate & allowable bearing capacity (if test goes that far)

Maintained load in axial compression tests were performed according to Clause 4.4, of General
Specification and the instruction of Team Leader to accomplish the objectives.

3.0 SCOPE OF WORK:

Scope of work were set as follows –

 Carrying out detail of pile load test setup that includes-

 material and instruments required for the test

 placement of loading platform

 placement of concrete block on platform

 installation of reference beam

 finishing of pile top for the seat of hydraulic jack, installation of pile collar, placement of
jack, dial gauges & taking strain gauge reading etc.

 ensure safety provisions

 Recording of time, load and settlement data during loading and unloading.

 Submission of report that will include following –

 Methodology and information detail

 preparation of related graphs

 analysis of recorded data and

 interpretation of results
Page-1
4.0 TEST METHODOLOGY:

A) Preparation of Pile Head-

Pile head was prepared to its indicated level (Average 7.300) Overcast concrete was
hacked off to pilot pile cutoff level and given smooth plane surface normal to the axis of
the pile to receive jack seating arrangement.

B) Preparation of Reaction System-

The reaction system called kentledge was prepared, comprising of steel I-beams (Cross
beam, Test beam, Rocker beam etc.) and concrete block for counter weight against
which the pile shall be tested (Ref. Fig-1 & Fig. 2). Crib walls were made by concrete
block. Total 20 blocks were used to make 2 crib walls.

The total system was in such that there was no differential settlement, bending or
deflection of an amount that constitutes a hazard to safety or impairs the efficiency of
the operation. The kentledge was stable against any deflection of the support.

The weight of the kentledge (1000 MT) was greater than the maximum test load
(855 MT).

Application of Equipment-

Calibration certificates of gauges and hydraulic jack fitted with pressure gauge was
submitted to the consultant in advance of the commencement of the test.

The hydraulic jack was arranged concentrically in conjunction with the reaction system
to deliver an axial load only without any development of eccentricity. The capacity of
jack (1500 MT) was 1.5 times the required maximum test load (855 MT). The complete
system was capable of transferring the maximum load required for the test with
adequate factor of safety.

Two 50mm calibrated settlement gauges were placed at diametrically opposite side of
the pile to measure the settlement of the pile. The gauges had an accuracy of 0.01mm.

A leveling instrument was used to monitor the deflection of the reference beam.

Following equipment were used in the testing scheme:

a. Hydraulic jack 1 no, 1500 MT capacity

b. Pressure gauge 1 no + 1 standby, 1000 bar capacity
c. Dial gauge 2 nos, 50mm run
d. Hydraulic piston pump 1 manual + 1 electrical.

Page-2
 C) Measurement of Load-

The equipment for applying load consisted jack-fitted with pressure gauge and hydraulic
pump. The total capacity of the jack-fitted with pressure gauge & pump was greater
than required maximum load. Jack-fitted with pressure gauge was calibrated from BUET
before the load test. Calibration certificates were supplied to the Engineer in advance
for review.

Loading or unloading load was calculated by using the regression equation provided by
BUET.
A pressure gauge was kept as standby.

D) Measuring Movement of Pile Head-

Two independent reference frames made of steel pipe were set for measurement of the
movement of the pile.
The measurement of pile movement was measured by two 50mm dial gauges attached
with the pile diametrically opposite positions and be equidistant from the pile axis. The
dial gauges were enable readings to be made to within an accuracy of 0.01 mm.

E) Proof Test by Maintained Load Test-

The loading and unloading were carried out in stages as shown in Table 6 (as attached)
as required by the Engineer.

Following each application of an increment of load, the load was held as depicted in
field data sheet.

5.0 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF TEST PILES AND EQUIPMENT:

Physical description of test piles and equipment used are provided in Table 1, Table 2 &
Table 3 below.
Table 1

Physical Description of Test Piles

Pile
Date of Date of Pile Length
Pile ID Diameter Applied Load (kg)
Casting Testing (mm)
(mm)
Test Pile-01
3 to
Pier-304 & 21.01.19 58,100 1,200 855,000
05.02.19
305

Page-3
 Table 2

Description of Pressure Gauge and Jack

Hydraulic Jack Pressure Gage

Pile ID Ext. Body dia Body

Plunger (mm) Height Range Calibration Date Regression Equation
dia (mm) (mm)
Test Pile-01 1,500
420 650 608 11.02.2019 Y = 2.51X-0.207
Pier-304 & 305 kg/cm2

Table 3
Description of Dial Gauges
Dial Gauge
Dial Gauge
Pile ID Capacity
ID Sensitivity Calibration Date Regression Equation
(mm)
WWH280
50 0.01 mm 11.02.19 Y = 0.01X -0.006
(D-1)
Test Pile-01
WWH281
Pier-304 & 50 0.01 mm Y = 0.01X -0.011
11.02.19
305 (D-2)

6.0 INTERPRETATION OF TEST RESULT:

To interpret the test result and to draw up necessary conclusion, it is of prime importance to fix up
some standard criteria for failure load, ultimate load, allowable load / safe load, allowable
settlement etc.

Definition of Failure Load

The maintained load (ML) test is commonly used to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of the
pile. Whenever a well-defined failure load has not been obtained, following definitions of failure are
adopted:

I. The failure load is that which causes settlement equal to 10% of the pile diameter, making
allowance for the elastic shortening of the pile itself that may be significant for long piles.

II. The failure load is that at which the rate of settlement continues undiminished without
further increment of load, unless, of course the rate is so slow as to indicate that it is due to
consolidation of soil.

III. The failure load is the load where the load settlement curve has its minimum radius of
curvature.

IV. Drawing tangents to the initial and final points of the load settlement curve and taking the
point of intersection as the failure load.

V. The failure load is that load which gives double the settlement for 0.8 of the failure load.
Page-4
 Definition of Ultimate Load/Allowable Load:
According to BNBC (1993, Part 6, Chapter-3, Article-3.11.1.4, Page 6-83) :
I. The resulting allowable loads shall not be more than one-half of that test load which
produces a permanent net settlement of not more than 0.00028 mm/kg of test load nor
20mm.

According to IS: 2911

The safe load on single pile for the initial test should be least of the following:

a) Two-thirds of the final load at which the total displacement attains a value of 12 mm unless
otherwise required in a given case on the basis of nature and type of structure in which case,
the safe load should be corresponding to the stated total displacement permissible.

b) 50 percent of the final load at which the total displacement equal 10 percent of the pile
diameter in case of uniform diameter piles and 7.5 percent of bulb diameter in case of
under-reamed piles.

7.0 OBSERVATION & PILE CAPACITY:

 Tested Test Pile-01 Pier-304 & 305 did not fail under applied proof load of 855,000 kg.
Details are presented in Table 4 below.

 Net settlement and allowable load by different method are presented in Table 5.
Table 4
Observation of Test piles and Test Results
(Ref. Load Settlement Curves & Field Data)

Length Pile Test Result

Pile ID Diameter Max. Gross Net Failure
(mm)
(mm) applied Settlement Settlement Condition
Test Pile-01 Load (kg) (mm) Test Pile (mm)
Pier-304 & 58,100 1,200 855,000 10.202 0.00 Did not fail
305

Table 5
304305
Allowable and Safe Load Capacity
Net Allowable & Safe Load (kg)
Max.
Settleme Ultimate Load
Test Load Allowable
Pile ID nt Safe Load Davisson
(kg) Load BNBC
(kg) IS: 2911 (FS=2)
(mm) (FS= 2)
>686,325 by
Test Pile-01
BNBC,
Pier-304 &
305 855000 0.00 457,299 by IS & >343,162 304,866 325,000
650,000 by
Davisson

Page-5
APPENDIX

Load-Test Plots
Data for Plots
Field Data Record
Pressure Calculation
Loading Sequence
Calibration Charts
Fig-1, Fig-2 & Fig-3
Raw Field Data
 LOAD TEST PLOT
Elevated Express Way from Lalkhan Bazar to Shah Amanat International Airport, Chittagong
Test Pile-01, Between P304 & P305

Time Vs Settlement Plot

Time (min)
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
0

2
Settlement (mm)

10

12

14

Time Vs Load Plot

1000000

900000

800000

700000

600000
Load (kg)

500000

400000

300000

200000

100000

0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Time (min)
 Load Vs Settlement Plot

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1000000

0

4
Settlement (mm)

10

12

14

Load (kg)

Test Pile : Test Pile P-01, Between P304 & P305

Pile Section : 1200 mm

Pile Length : 58.1 m

Pile Head level : 600 mm from Gr. level

Design Load : 570,000 kg

Max Test Load : 855,000 kg

Gross Settlement : 10.202 mm

Net Settlement : 0.00 mm

 DATA
for
TIME Vs SETTLEMENT CURVE

Cumula. Cumula. Cumula. Average

Average Average
holding holding holding Settlemen
Settlement Settlement
time time time t
(mm) (mm)
(min) (min) (min) (mm)
X-Values Y-Values X-Values Y-Values X-Values Y-Values
0 0.000 390 4.142 1710 10.152
0 0.717 420 4.177 1770 10.157
15 0.942 450 4.197 1830 10.172
30 0.942 480 4.212 1890 10.182
45 0.282 510 4.212 1950 10.182
60 0.277 540 4.212 2010 10.192
60 1.562 570 4.212 2070 10.192
75 1.632 630 4.332 2130 10.192
90 1.637 690 4.332 2190 10.202
105 1.637 690 5.917 2190 9.892
120 1.637 705 6.077 2200 9.777
120 2.967 720 6.137 2200 8.552
135 3.087 735 6.177 2210 8.477
150 3.122 750 6.207 2210 7.252
165 3.137 750 8.042 2220 7.152
180 3.137 765 8.442 2220 5.667
180 4.332 780 8.562 2230 5.427
195 4.637 795 8.652 2230 3.682
210 4.712 810 8.712 2240 3.457
225 4.742 840 8.782 2240 1.852
240 4.762 870 8.837 2255 0.497
240 4.522 900 9.237 2270 0.627
250 4.522 930 9.307 2285 0.000
250 3.467 960 9.352 2300 0.000
260 3.402 990 9.402
260 2.182 1050 9.452
270 2.012 1110 9.527
270 0.097 1170 9.592
285 0.000 1230 9.612
300 0.000 1290 9.907
315 0.000 1350 10.002
330 0.000 1410 10.052
330 3.547 1470 10.087
345 3.752 1530 10.117
360 3.812 1590 10.127
375 3.847 1650 10.137
 DATA DATA for
for LOAD Vs
TIME Vs LOAD CURVE SETTLEMENT CURVE
Cumula Cumula Cumula
Average
holding LOAD holding LOAD holding LOAD LOAD
Settlement
time (Kg) time (Kg) time (Kg) (Kg)
(mm)
(min) (min) (min)
X- X- Y- X- Y- X-
Values Y-Values Values Values Values Values Values Y-Values
0 0 390 577093 1710 853193 0 0
0 137843 420 577093 1770 853193 137843 0
15 137843 450 577093 1830 853193 288443 2
30 137843 480 577093 1890 853193 426493 3
45 137843 510 577093 1950 853193 577093 5
60 137843 540 577093 2010 853193 426493 5
60 288443 570 577093 2070 853193 288443 3
75 288443 630 577093 2130 853193 137843 2
90 288443 690 577093 2190 853193 0 0
105 288443 690 715143 2190 715145 577093 4
120 288443 705 715143 2200 715145 715143 6
120 426493 720 715143 2200 577093 853193 10
135 426493 735 715143 2210 577093 715145 10
150 426493 750 715143 2210 426493 577093 8
165 426493 750 853193 2220 426493 426493 7
180 426493 765 853193 2220 288443 288443 5
180 577093 780 853193 2230 288443 137843 3
195 577093 795 853193 2230 137843 0 0
210 577093 810 853193 2240 137843
225 577093 840 853193 2240 0
240 577093 870 853193 2255 0
240 426493 900 853193 2270 0
250 426493 930 853193 2285 0
250 288443 960 853193 2300 0
260 288443 990 853193 2300 0
260 137843 1050 853193
270 137843 1110 853193
270 0 1170 853193
285 0 1230 853193
300 0 1290 853193
315 0 1350 853193
330 0 1410 853193
330 577093 1470 853193
345 577093 1530 853193
360 577093 1590 853193
375 577093 1650 853193
Load Arrangement Plan & Cross Section
Fig: 01
Concrete Block Wall Detail
Fig: 02