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 PHRASEOLOGICAL

LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY.

PART II.

ENGLISH-LATIN LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY,

FOB THE USE OF

► ■
ETON, WINCHESTER, HARROW, AND RUGBY SCHOOLS;
AND KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON.

By C. D. YONGE,
ArTHO* Of "AM ENGLISH- GREEK LEXICON, ETC.; A *' GBADUS AD FA RN AS SUM TOR
ETOX, WESTMINSTER, WINCHESTER, HARROW, CHARTERHOUSE,
RUOBT, KING'S COLLEOE," ETC.

LONDON:
RICHABD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET;
OLIVEB AKD BOYD, EDINBURGH;
HODGES AND SMITH, DUBLIN.

1856.
 London i
Printed by Spottihwoode & Co.,
New-street- Square.
 PREFACE.

In sending forth to the world this Second Part of my Latin

Dictionary, I desire in the first place to acknowledge that it
is little more than an abridgment of the large one by Dr.
Andrews, by far the most copious and complete work of the
kind that has as yet been published in the language, with the
exception of that vast Thesaurus usually known by the name
of Facciolati's. The errors, mistakes, and misprints occa
sionally occurring in Dr. Andrews's work (being mostly
obvious and easy of correction) I have endeavoured to cor
rect ; and I hope that the present work will be found free
from any considerable inaccuracy.
In the second place I wish to point out that this Part,
like the First, makes no pretensions to be considered as any
thing more than a School Dictionary for the use of school
boys. But with reference to their requirements I have
endeavoured to make it as perfect as I could. Words only
found in authors not commonly read in schools I have not
considered myself bound to insert ; and although some such
will be found, I have been guided in my selection of them
rather by circumstances connected with the words them
selves, than by the name of the author who may have used
them.
With respect to the selection of authors, words used by
whom I have desired invariably to include, I have been
guided, not by the reputation of each respective author, or
the magnitude of his works, but solely by the consideration
of whether those works were read in the public schools. For
instance, Terence is read, Plautus I believe is not ; I have
therefore given all Terence's words, but only a scanty selec
tion from Plautus. Pliny, Lucan, Valerius Flaccus, Velleius
Paterculus, Suetonius, are not read in schools ; Eutropius,
Phaedrus, Juvenal, Perseus, and Tacitus are. I am nr
IV PREFACE.

aware of having omitted any word used by the last-men

tioned authors ; while of those resting on no better authority
than the writers in the former list I give but a discretionary
and scanty selection. The authors of the golden age, from
Lucretius to Ovid, are the standard authors of the language,
and every word used by any of them is of course given.
I have been exceedingly careful in explaining the peculiar
phrases and peculiar uses of words found in all these authors,
giving many that are found in no dictionary since Facciolati's,
and some that are not found even there. And, as I have not
contented myself with referring to the passages, but have in
every instance given a full translation of them, I hope that,
in respect of its illustration of the more ordinary school-
books, especially Caesar, Livy, Virgil, Horace, and Ovid,
the following work will be found more useful to those for
whom it is intended than many much larger volumes.
As in Part L, I have rarely distinguished between verbs
in eo and esco, because, though strictly speaking the latter
are inceptives, there are very few of those ending in esco
which were actually used in a different sense from the cor
responding word in eo — where they were, the difference 13
is carefully noted.
As in Part I., in citing Cicero I have not distinguished
between his genuine works and those suspected of being
spurious ; nor with reference to passages quoted from the
Epistolae Familiares have I distinguished those written by
himself from those of his correspondents.
It only remains for me to express my thanks for the great
favour with which the First Part of this book has been re
ceived, and to add that, as I am well aware that my work is
not perfect, and that it can only be made so by the kind as
sistance of friends, I shall be at all times greatly obliged by
information as to any errors that may be discovered in it,
and by any suggestions that may enable me from time to
time to improve it, and to render it what I wish it to turn
out, a thoroughly useful aid to the rising generation in their
study of the Latin Language.
C. D. T.
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY.
A". B. Words only used by, or meanings only found in, authors older than the
time of Cicero are marked (+) ; by or in authors later titan the Augustan
age (+) ; by or in the poets only (§).

Ab, before a consonant more nan. a in early authors, sometimes abs (but only
before to or the ablative of qui). [b*i] prep, governing abl., denoting se
paration or departure. I. In space. II. In time. III. In reference
to a person, not only as one who is quitted, but also as one from whom any
action proceeds. 1. 1. From, away from, down from, nunc quidem
paullulura, inquit, a sole, (Diogenes) said, at present I wish that you
would stand a little out of the sunshine ; but generally ab does not mean
oat of. It is sometimes joined with usque : as, usque a capitolio, all the
way from the capitol, Cic 2. From, at a distance from (whether long
or short), off (after verbs of motion or of position) : ab millibus passuum
minus dnobus castra posuerunt, they pitched their camp less than two
miles off, Cass. When joined with words signifying proximity (lit or
metaph.), it may often be translated to : as, turn bellum prope a Sicilii
fuit, at that time war was near to Sicily, Cic; secundus a rege, se
cond to the king, Caes. ; so, alieno a te animo fuit, he was of a dis
position unfriendly to you, Cic. 3. On, on the side of: as, a dextra,
on the right hand, Caes.; renuntiaverunt non eadem esse diligentia ab
Dmimanu porta castra munita, they brought word that the camp was not
fortified with equal care on the side of the Decuman gate, Cses. (Akin
to this meaning is that) On the side of, by, for, in favour of: as, stare a
mendacio, to stand by a lie, Cic; nihil magis ab adversariis quam a nobis
facit, it makes no more for our adversaries than for us ; or, it is not more
favourable to our adversaries than to us, Cic. 4. From, against, (after
words of defending) safety, etc. 5. From, (after verbs of preventing)
desisting, etc 6. To (after verbs of fastening) : as, religatus a puppi,
fastened to the stern, Cic II. From, after, at, since : as, ab sole orto,
from or after sunrise, Liv. ; a principio, at the beginning, Cic; cen-
tesima lax est hsec ab interitu Clodli, this is the hundredth day since the
death of Clodius, Cic ; ab his prsceptis dimisit concionem, after or
with the6e injunctions he dismissed the assembly, Liv. III. From,
by (of the agent, not of the instrument) ; sometimes, but more rarely, of the
cause.
ab is also used in some peculiar meanings, hardly coming under any of
these heads. In, out of: as, Gallus linguam ab irrisu exserens, the Gaul
putting out his tongue in, or out of derision, liv. Of, out of (where
ex would be more usual) : as, a quibus missus Regulus, of whom Regulus
being sent, Liv. In regard to, in respect of, nihil est ab omni part
beatum, nothing is happy in every respect ; hos sumus impar.v.i cum
a militibus turn a pecunia, we are unprovided in respect both of men and
money, Cic Foreign to : as, haud ab re duxi, I have not thought
it foreign to the subject, Liv.
Jab also denotes a charge, a duty : as, servus ab epistolis, a servant who
has the charge of writing letters, an amanuensis ; and servus is often
2 ABA— ABH
omitted : as, libertnrtim prscipue siispcxit Polybium a studiis, of hit
freedmen he especially regarded Polybiua his secretary, Suet
+abactus. us. m. A driving away.
abactus, a, am. part, past., from abigo, q. v. Driven off, driven from one's
purpose.
abacus, i. dim. t&baculus, i. m. A bench, a counter, a table, a sideboard, a
shite for doing sums on, a chessboard.
aba ienatio, nil./ Alienation, cession.
abalieno, as. v. a. To separate, to alienate, part with, estrange.
Abanteus, a, urn. adj. Formerly reigned over by Abas.
abavus, i. m. A great grandfather, an ancestor.
Abderita, ae. m.f. An inhabitant of Abdera, a town in Thrace.
abdicatio, onis./ 1. Abdication. +2. A disowning, a disinheriting.
abdlco, as. v. a. 1. To abdicate (constr. : se prsstura abdicavit, he abdi
cated the praetorship, Cic It is also used with ace. of the office, expressed
or understood). { 2. To cast off, to disinherit, to renounce. J3. To
abrogate.
abdlco, is. v. a. I. To disapprove, to be unfavourable to, as a bad omen.
2. To take away by judicial sentence (c ab and ace.). §3. To
disown.
abdlte. adv. Secretly.
fabditlvus, a, um. adj. Removed, concealed.
abditus, a, um. part. pass, from abdo, q. v. Removed, concealed, hidden,
secret.
abdo, is, didi, v. a. 1. To put away, to remove. 2. To hide, to con
ceal. 3. abdo me, to withdraw myself into, to conceal myself in (usu.
c. in and ace. of the place whither or where); also (c. ad and ace. or c. abL)
to devote oneself to (a retired or solitary pursuit, such as study).
abdomen, inis. n. 1. The belly. 2. Gluttony.
abduco, is, xi, ctum. r. a. 1. To lead away, to take away, to remove
(sometimes with a sense of stealing). 2. To lead, to bring. 3. To
separate. 4. To alienate, to draw away from, to lead to revolt from.
5. To divert from one's intention (rarely used except of living things, or
what is inseparable from a living tiling, as the mind, etc.).
abeo, is, ivi, itum. v. ». 1. To go away, to depart : so, abeo magistratu, to
resign office, Liv. ; abeo e vita, to die, Cic 2. To digress. 3. To
pass away, to disappear (of time, etc). 4. To be changed into, to be
metamorphosed (c in and ace. of that into which). 5. To end, to turn
out: (he said) non posse isteec sic abire, that things could not end thus,
Cic. ; fructtis praediorum abeunt in sumptus, the revenues of the lands are
consumed by the expenses, Cic. ; ne res abiret ab eo, that he might not
lose it (of an intended purchaser at an auction), Cic Abi in malara rem,
is an imprecation, you be hanged; so, quin tu abis in malam pestem, Cic.
abequlto, as. v. n. To ride away.
aberratio, onis./ A departing, a withdrawing (c ab and abi. of that
from which).
aberro, as. v.n. 1. To wander from, to depart from, to deviate from. 2.
To be mistaken : a miseria aberro, my grief is diverted, Cic (used in this
sense also without the substantive, as); sed taincu aberro, but my grief is
diverted, Cic.
JabfSre. Jul. injuu; abforem. imperf. tubj.; abfuturns, fut. part, from
absum.
abhino. adv. 1. Ago, since (c ace more rarely c. abi.) : as, qusstor fuisti
abhinc annos xiv., you were qusestor 14 years ago. +§ 2. Hence.
abhorrens, entis. part, from abhorreo, but used also as adj. 1. Different
from (c ab and abi., or very rarely c dat.). 2. Unsuitable to, disagree
able to (c. ab and abi.).
abhorreo, es. v. n. and a. 1 . To shudder at, to abhor, to detest, to dread (c
ace, or more usu. c. ab and abi. or c. abi.). 2. To be inconsistent with,
to be disagreeable to (c ab and abi.) : abhorrent inter se orationes, the
 A B I — ABO 8^
speeches are inconsistent with one another, Cic ; abhorrebat a fide, it was
incredible, Li v.
abiegnus or abjegnus, a, am. adj. Made of fir, of pine, of deal,
abiens, euntis. part, from abeo, q. v.
&bies, gen. abletis./ A pine-tree, a fir-tree. §2. A ship, a spear, Ja
letter (as being written on a thin board).
J&Mga, SB./ St. John's wort (a herb).
ablgo. is. r. a. 1. To drive, to drive away (often with the purpose of steal
ing). J2. To repudiate : quod partum sibi ipsa abegisset, because she
had produced abortion, Cic.
-fabltio, onis./ A going away, a departure.
tabito, is. To depart,
ibitus, us. tit. 1. A going away, a departure. 2. A passage by which to
depart.
abjecte. adv. Abjectly, despondingly, meanly.
abjectio, onis. / 1. A throwing away. 2. Abjectness, despondency,
abjectus. a, am. pari. pass, of abjicio, used also as adj. 1. Thrown away,
thrown down, lying down. 2. Abject, desponding, debased, mean.
abjicio, is, jeci., poet, injin. pass, abici. v. a. 1. To throw, to throw away,
to cast away. 2. To cast of, to lay aside. 3. To cast down, to
humble, to debase. 4. To depreciate.
abjudico, as. v. a. 1. To take away by legal sentence, to take away. 2.
To renounce,
abjungo, is. v. a. 1. To unyoke, to unharness. 2. To separate,
abjuro, as. v. a. To deny with an oath; esp. to deny falsely, to abjure.
Jablaqueatio, onis. /. The act of opening the earth about the roots of
trees.
Jablaqueo, as. v. a. To dig about the roots of.
Jablativus, a, urn. adj. Ablative ; only used gramm.
ablatus. a, nm. pari, pass., from aufero, q. v.
ablegatio, onis. f. A sending away.
ablego, as. v. a. To send, to send away (only of persons),
abligurrio, Is. v. u. To consume in gluttony.
Jabloco, as. v. a. To let out for hire.
§abludo, is. r. n. To be unlike (c. ab and abl.).
abluo, is. v. a. To wash off, to efface, to extinguish,
^ablatio, onis./ Ablution, washing off.
*abnato, as. v. n, Te swim away.
abnego, as. r. a. To deny, to refuse.
Jabnepos, otis./. tabneptis, is. A great-greatgrandson or granddaughter.
Jabnocto, as. v. n. To pass the night out of doors,
tabnodo, as. v. n. To cut the knots off (from trees),
abnormis, e. adj. Irregular, not influenced by rules.
abnuo, is. v. a. 1. To refuse, to deny (sometimes c. dat. of a petition or
a petitioner). 2. To dissent. 3. To reject, to disown : hnpetum
locus abnuit, the nature of the ground did not admit of an assault,
Tac.
tabnuto, as. r. n. To refuse, to dissent,
aboleo. es, evi, Itum. c. a. To abolish, efface, annul, destroy, abrogate, put
an end to : nee viscera quisquam nut undis abolere potest, nor can any one
cleanse the entrails with water, Virg.
aholesco, is, Sri. v. n. To be abolished, to pass away, to be forgotten.
Jabolltio. onis. f. 1. Abolition, abrogation. 2. An amnesty.
Jabolla. 88. A cloak without sleeves worn by soldiers and philosophers :
facimis majoris abollse, an exploit of a more sublime philosophy, Juv.
ibomln&tos, a, nm. pari, from abominor, q. v. 1. Abhorring, rejecting as
of bad omen. 2. Also nsed in past, sense : rejected ; parentibusque
abominatus Hannibal, and Hannibal devoted by his parents, Hor.
abominor. axis, and tabomino, as. v. a. To deprecate or reject as a
omen, to hate.
4 ABO— ABS
aborigines, am. m. pi. Original inhabitants.
^borior. iris, Iri, ortus. e. ». To disappear, to perish, §10 fail.
abortio, onis./ Abortion, miscarriage.
abortivas, a, urn. adj. 1. Causing abortion. 2. Born out of doe time,
Saddled.
Jaborto, as. r. n. To miscarry.
abortus, us. m. Miscarriage, abortion.
abrado, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To scrape away, to shave off. 2. (Metaph.)
To get in a mean nay.
abreptus, a, am. part. past, from abripio.
abripio, Is, oi, reptum. r. a. To take away, to drag away by force, to carry
off, to remove.
:; abrodo. is. v. a. To gnaw off.
abrogatio, onis./ Abrogation, repeal.
i.'jrogo, as. r. a. 1. To abrogate, to repeal. 2. To take away (esp. an
office from any one).
abrotonum, i. Southernwood.
abrumpo, is, rupi, ruptum. v. a. 1 . To break, to break off. to burst asunder,
to interrupt (an act, not a person), to separate. 2. To violate, to
destroj-. abrumpo me. To separate myself from (c ab and abl.).
abruptc. Abruptly, suddenly.
abrnptio, onis. f. A breaking off, a breaking asunder.
abruptus, a, am. part pass, of abrumpo, used also as adj. 1. Steep, preci
pitous, abrupt. 2. Stubborn, desultory (of studies, etc., not of persons).
§3. Concealed from sight
abs. See a, ab.
abscedo, is, cessi, cessum. v. a. To depart, to retire, to go away, to dis
appear, to desist from.
abscessum est. pass, impers. from abscedo : nee ante abscessum est, nor
did they depart, before .... Liv. See Eton Lat. Oram. p. 57.
abscessio, onis. /. 1. A departure. 2. A diminution.
abscessus, us. m. A departure, a withdrawal.
abscido, is, cldi. r. a., romp, of csedo. To cut off.
absoindo, is, scldi, scissum. v. a. 1 . To cut off, to tear off. 2. To cut
so as to open. 3. To separate. 4. To lay aside.
:,* abscisse. adv. Briefly.
abscissio, onis./ A cutting off.
abscissas, a, um. part. pass, from abscindo, also as adj. 1. Abrupt, steep
(some read abscisus in this sense). J"2. Severe, rigorous.
.afcscondite, adv. Abstrusely, unintelligibly.
abscondo, is, di, ditum. r. a. To bide, to conceal, to keep secret, abscon
der, pass. To be hidden from (c. dat, of the person from whom), to set
(as stars).
absens, entis. part, of absum, used as adj. Absent, wanting.
absentia, as./ Absence.
+JabsIlio, is, ui, sultum. v. n. To leap away from, to spring away.
Jabsimllis, e. Unlike.
absinthium, i. n. Wormwood.
absisto, is, stiti, no sup. r. ». To stand off from, to stand aloof from, to
desist from, to cease : poss. impers. : si non absisteretur bello, if they did
not give up the war, Liv.
absolute, adv. 1. Completely. 2. Precisely.
absolutio. onis./. 1. Absolution, acquittal. 2. Completion.
Jabsdlutorius. a, urn. adj. Absolutory, acquitting.
absolutus, a, um. part. puss, from absolvo, used also as adj. Complete, en
tire, absolute (not, as we say, an absolute king).
absolvo, is, vi, utum. v. a, 1. To loose, to release, to disengage, to free,
2. To absolvo, to acquit. 3. To complete, to finish. 4. To pay.
Vbsonus, a, urn, adj. Discordant, harsh-sounding, inconsistent with.
 ABS— AC 5
absorbeo, es, ni, ptum. v. a. To suck up, to swallow, to devour (lit. and
metaph.), to engross.
Jabsorptio, finis./ A draught, a potion.
^absque, prep, governing abl. 1. Without. 2. Except : absque hae una
re, if it were not for this one thing, Ter.
abstemius, a, urn. adj. Drinking no wine, abstemious, sober.
abstergeo, es, si, sum. v. a. 1. To wipe, to cleanse. 2. To wipe away,
efface, to dispel.
absterreo, es, ui, Itum. v. a. To drive away by frightening, to frighten from,
to deter from, only in poet, sine prep.
abstlnens, entis. part, from abstineo, used also as adj. Temperate, ab
stinent.
abstinenter. adv. With moderation, temperately.
abstlnentia, a»./ Abstinence, moderation, temperance.
abstineo, es, ui. v. i». and a. 1. To abstain from, to refrain from (c. abl.
oftener without prep, than with one ; poet, also c gen.). 2. v. a. To
keep from.
absto, as, iti, no sup. v. n. To stand at a distance from.
abstraho, is, xl, ctum. v. a. To draw away, to carry off, to separate, to
drag away, to lead away.
abstrudo, is, si, sum. v. a. To thrust out of the way, to hide, to conceal.
abstrusus, a, urn. pari. pass, of abstrudo, used also as adj. 1. Abstruse.
+2. Reserved (of a person).
absum, abes, abfui, abesse, abfuturus, imperf. mlj. abforem, fut. infin. ab-
lore. c. ii. 1. To be absent. 2. To be removed from. 3. To bo
different from, to be unfit for. 4. To be wanting : longe aberit ut
credat . .... he will be far from believing, Cic. ; qui Autronio abfui, I who
did not aid Autronius, Cic. ; haud niul turn abfuit quin interficeretur, he
was very near being killed, Liv.
fabsumedo, Inis. f. Consumption, waste.
absumo, is, psi, ptura. v. a. 1. To consume, to waste. 2. To kill, to
destroy, to annihilate.
absurde. adv. Absurdly, foolishly.
absurdus, a, um. adj. 1. Harsh sounding. 2. Absurd, foolish. 3. Un
skilful in a business, unsuited to an employment (of a person or his
qualities).
abundans, antis. pari, of abundo, but used as adj. 1. Abundant, copious,
plentiful. 2. Rich, wealthy. £3. Superfluous.
abundanter. adv. Abundantly, copiously.
abundantia, 83./ Abundance, plenty.
Jabundatio, finis./ An overflowing.
abunde. adv. Abundantly, amply ; often c. gen. : fraudis abunde est, there
is great treachery, Virg. ; mini abunde est, I nm satisfied, Plin.
abundo, as. r. n. 1. To abound, to be abundant. 2. To overflow.
3. To abound in, to be rich in (c. abl.). 4. To be rich.
abusio, finis./ Misuse. The use of the figure catachresis.
^abusive, adv. In an incorrect or borrowed meaning.
abusus, us. m. Mi&use, abtiBc.
abator, cris, flsus. dep. To abuse, to misuse, to use, to turn to ones own
pnrpose (simply, and also especially, what was not originally meant to be so
applied).
Abydenus, a, um. adj. of Abydos. A city of Hellespont.
ac, atque (ao never used before a vowel). I. And. 2. (After the adjec
tives idem, similis, and the adverbs, «eqne, pariter, perinde, similiter, jiixtn,
meaning equally) As, with : qui illis ajque nc tu ipse guaderct, who
rejoiced at tliem equally with yourself, or as much as you yourself, Cic
3. (After the adjectives alius, c ntrarius, dissimilis, and the adverbs aliter,
secus contra) Than, from : cujus ego salutcm non secus ac meam tueri
debeo, whose safety I ought toguaid not otherwise than, or not differently
from, my own, Cic It is also used sometimes after adjectives of the same
b3
« ACA—ACC
tense M the adverbs, similis, contrarius, etc 4. Ac si, as if. .5.
Simul ac, as soon as : pro eo ac mercor, in proportion to my deserts, Cic.
t acacia, a. f. The acacia,
acidemia, m.f. 1. The academy at Athens. 2. The sect or school of
the academic philosophers,
academical, a, us. adj. Belonging to the academy.
Ac&demos, i. m. A hero, according to some, identical with Cadmus, from
whom the Academy received its name,
acalanthis, or acanthis, Idis, ace. ida. A goldfinch,
iacanthlce, es./ The gum of the herb helxine.
acanthlnus, a, um. adj. Of or like the plant bearsfoot
Jacanthion, is. A shrub something like whitethorn.
acanthus, L m. The herb bearsfoot.
^acapnui, a, am. adj. Free irom smoke, taken without fumigation
(of honey).
Jac&tium, La. A pinnace.
lacaustus, a, um. adj. fa kcuV] Incombustible.
Jaccan to, as. v. n. To sing to, by the side of, in tune with, etc
accedo, is, cessi, cessum. «. a. (constr. c ace or c ad, or more rarely in
and ace). 1 . To approach, to come on. 2. To arrive at, come to. 3. To
join, to consent to (an alliance, a conspiracy, a plan, etc). 4. To be
added (c. ad and ace, or more usually c. dot. ; sometimes sine c):
rumore adventus nostri Cassio animus accessit, Caseius derived courage
from the report of my arrivat, Cic ; homines ad Deos nulla re propius
accedunt, in nothing do men come nearer the Gods ; i. e. in nothing are
they more like the Gods, Cic
acceleratio, 6nis./. A hastening.
accelero, as. v. a. and v. n. To hasten,
accendo, is, di, sum. v. a. 1. (Lit. and metaph. in good or bad sense) To
kindle, to fire, to set fire to, to inflame, to stimulate, to give additional
stimulus to, to exasperate. 2. To increase,
accenseo, es, ui, sum. v. a. (rarely found except in pass. part, accensus).
To reckon among,
accensus, i. (usu. in pi.). A public officer in attendance on the magistrates,
a beadle, a poursuivant, an usher,
accensus, a, am. part. pass, from accendo. 1. Kindled, set on fire.
2. Exasperated.
Jaccentus, us. m. Accent
acceptio, onis./ Acceptance, the act of receiving,
fjaccepto, as. v. a. To receive, to accept
-(-acceptor, oris, m., acceptrix, icis. /. One who accepts, one who
approves.
accept us, a, um. part. pass, from accipio, q. v. ; also as adj. Acceptable,
agreeable ; in neat acceptum, money received : referre acceptum, to set
down in one's account books, on the debtor's side, as money received ; ut
esset nemo qui non mini vitam 6uam, liberos,rempublicam referret acceptam,
so that there was no one who did not own himself my debtor for his own
life, and that of his children, and for the preservation of the republic, Cic
accessio, onis.y. 1. The act of approaching. 2. Increase, accession.
3. An addition, a gift added to a stipulated price, an appendage.
accessus, us. m. 1 . Approach, the act of approaching, the way by which
an approach is made. 2. Access, liberty to approach.
+accldens, entis. n. An accident, a fortuitous occurrence,
accido, is, cidi. cisum. u.a. [from casdo.] 1. To cat, to lop. 2. To
ruin, to defeat
accido, is, cidi, no sup. c. n. [from cado.] 1. To fall, to fall down. 2.
To fall down before, to throw oneself down at (c ad and.atc. or c. dat).
3. To arrive (as a report, etc, c ad and ace). 4. To occur to (as an
idea to the mind, c. ad and ace). 6. To occur, to happen (e dat of the
person to whom, or sine c ; usu. of ev'd fortune).
 ACC— ACC 7
accinctus, a, am. part. pass, from accingo, q. v.; Jused also as adj. 1.
Prompt, alert, active, quick. 2. Moderate, acuity,
accingo, is, zi, ctum. v. a. 1. To gird, (Jmetaph.) to stimulate. 2. To
surround. S. Accingo me, and accingor, to gird oneself up to; i. e.
to prepare for, to attempt, to undertake (usu. c ad and ace. of the under
taking). Virg. has the active verb accingo used intrans. in this sense, -c.
dat, and the pass. c. ace, without a preposition,
accio, is. ivi. itum. v. a. To summon, to send for.
acclpio. Is, cepi, ceptum. ». a. 1. To accept, to receive. 2. To receive ;
t. e. to feel (pleasure, pain, etc.). 3. To receive as a host, to entertain.
4. To receive, to admit (an excuse, etc). i. To take, to bear (reproof
misfortune, etc). 6. To receive (as a tradition orau account), to hear, to
be told. 7. To understand (in such and such a sense), to interpret.
8. To obtain, to gain. 9. To undertake.
accipiter, tris. m. A hawk.
accisus, a, am. part. pass, from accldo (a ceedo). Cut down, cut off, consumed,
destroyed, ruined.
accitus. us. m. A summons,
acclamatio, onis. / A shout, an exclamation, in Cic of disapprobation; in
Liv. of approbation,
facclamlto, as. v. n. To exclaim,
acclamo, as. c. n. To shout, to cry out against. In Liv. and Tac to hail
with acclamation, to shout approvingly; usu. c dat of the person against
or in favour of whom, c. ace. of the expression uttered,
acclaro, as. v. a. perf. subj. 2nd sing, acclarossis. To show,
accllnig, e. adj. 1. Leaning against (c. dat). §2. (Metaph.) Inclined to.
acclino, as. v. a. To lean, to cause to lean (<\ dat. or c. in and ace);
often ace. me: acclinaturus se ad caosam Senatus, being inclined to favour
the cause of the Senate. Liv.
acclivis. e. adj. [ad clivum. ] Steep, uphill,
acclivitas, atis. f. An acclivity, an ascent up hill,
acclivus. a, um. adj. Another form of acclivis.
acedia, 83. m. One who lives near, on the borders.
accolo, is, ui, cultum. v. a. One who lives near, on the borders (c. ace),
accommodate. Aptly, suitably, fitly,
accommodatio, onis./. 1. A fitting, the act of fitting or adapting. 2.
An accommodating disposition, courtesy.
accommSdo, as. v. a. To adapt, to adjust (c. ad and ace, sometimes c. dat.).
gaccommodus, a, um. adj Adapted to, convenient fur.
accredo, is, didi. v. a. To believe, to trust,
accresco. it, evi. r. «. To increase, to rise (as a river).
accretio, onis./. Increase.
Jaccretus, a, nm. part. pass, from accresco. Growing to, so as to adhere,
accubatio, onis./ The act of lying or sitting at table.
?§accfibltus, ns. Another form of prec.
accibo. as, ui, Itum. v. n. 1. To lie or sit. 2. To lie or sit by the side
of at table,
accumbo. is. v. n. Another form of prec.
accumulate, adv. Abundantly,
^accumulatio, onis./ A heaping together.
accumulator, oris. m. One who heaps together, who accumulates.
acenmulo, as. v. a. To heap together, to accumulate, to amass, to heap (one
thing) on (another),
accurate, adv. Carefully, accurately,
accuratus, a, nm. part. pass, from accuro, used also as adj. Carefully
worked up, elaborate, accurate (not used of persons).
accuro, as. v. a. [cura. J To do with care, attend to or finish carefully and
accurately.
accurro. is. v. n. To nm on, to run or hasten towards.
Jaccursus, us. m. A running towards, a flocking to a place.
B4
 8 ACC— ACI
accusabllis, e. adj. Deserving of accusation,
accusatio, onis./ Accusation, impeachment, indictment.
Jaccusativus, a, ml adj. Accusative, only used gramm.
accusator, oris. in. An accuser, a plaintiff,
accusatorie. adv. With the design of accusing.
accusatorius, a, tun. adj. Accusatory, with the design or effect of accusing-
Jaccusatrix, Icil./ A female accuser, or plaintiff,
taccusito, as. To blame frequently, to be constantly blaming,
accuso, as. 1. To accuse, to impeach. 2. To reproach, to blame,
acer, ens. u. The maple tree.
aoer, aoris, acre. adj. 1. Sharp (in every meaning of the Eng. word, but
only used of weapons in very old authors), acute, keen (of the senses,
talents, etc.). 2. Sharp tasted, acid, sour. 3. Severe, fierce, bitter
(of winter, criticism, reproof, etc.). 4. Energetic, vehement, earnest,
zealous, spirited,
acerbe. adv. Bitterly, severely, harshly, cruelly,
aeerbltas, ati«./ 1. Bitterness (lit or metaph.), sharpness of taste.
2. Austerity, virulence. 3. The bitterness of sorrow, grief,
acerbo, as. 1. To embitter, to make bitter. 2. To aggravate,
acerbus, a, m adj. 1. Unripe, crude. 2. Bitter (lit. and metaph., of
taste, of sorrow, of reproof, etc. ), sour. 3. Bitter as an enemy, hostile,
severe (of punishment, pain, etc.). 4. Morose, austere; used neut pi.
as adv. by Virg. : acerba Tremens, raging bitterly,
acernus, a, um. adj. Made of maplewood.
acerra, m.f. A censer.
Jacersgc8m.es, m. m. [a nctpu ko>»j.] A person with long hair, a de
bauchee,
acervalis, e. adj., the woid by which Cic. translates o-wpsixr/s. Heaped uo.
acervatim. In heaps, altogether, in a lump.
Jacervatio, onis./ An accumulation,
acervo, as. v. a. To keep up, to accumulate,
acervus, i. m. A heap, a pile, a mass, the argument sorites,
acesco, is, no pert v. n. To turn sour.
Jacesis, is./. A sort of bora*.
^acetabulum. 1, A vinfgar-cmet, a small bottle. 2. A small liquid
measure, a gill. 3. A juggler's cup. 4. The socket of the hipbime.
o._ The calix of a flower,
tacetaria, orum. pi. n. Salad, herbs eaten with vinegar,
acetum, i. 1. Vinegar. 2. Sharpness of wit, satire.
+Achaem(inis, Idis. An Indian plant used in incantations.
AchsBmenius, a, urn. adj. Of Achtemenes, a king of Persia, Persian.
Achsus, a, um, Achalcus, a, urn. adj. Achesan, Greek.
Achaias, ados, and Achais, Idos./«M. form of prec; also as subst., a Gre
cian woman, etc.
taeharne, es./ A whiting.
Jachates, m. m. An agate.
Jacheta, m. m. [fix*TVs]. The singing grasshopper.
Achelois, idos./ A daughter of Achelous, a Siren.
Acheloius, a, um. adj. 1. Of the river Achelous. 2. Of water.
Acheruntius, a, um. adj. Of the river Acheron, of Hell, infernal.
Achillldes, ae. m. Son of Achilles.—Achilleus, a, um, of Achilles.
Achlvus, a, um. adj. Grecian.
Jaehlis, is./ Au elk.
Jachras, ados./ A wild peartree.
Jacia, as./ [acus.] A needleful of thread.
acldus, a, um. dim. acldulus, a, um. adj. Acid, sour; (metaph.) harsh,
„ unpleasant.
Acld&lius, a, um. adj. Of Venus.
 ACI— ACT 9
acies, ei. f. Anything sharp. 1. The edge or point of a weapon. 2.
The pupil of the eye, the eye, the eyesight. 3. Acuteness of intellect,
of judgment, of penetration. 4. § Brightness (applied to the stars, Virg.).
5. A line of battle, an army, a fleet, a squadron : prima acies, the front line
of an army, Liv. ; instruxit aciem, he drew up his army in battle array,
Cass. 6. A battle. 7. A philosophical contest, a discussion — acies
Vulc-inia, fire, Virg.
acinaces, is. m. [iJuuMbrnr.] A Persian scimetar.
Jacinarius, a, tun. adj. Belonging to grapes, or to making wine.
Jaclnos, i.f. Wild basil.
aclnum, also us. >«., and §acma, as. 1. A berry, esp. a grape. 2. A
kernel.
acipenser, eris. m. A sturgeon.
gaclis, idis./. A short dart.
aconltum, also Sjaconiton, i. Aconite, wolfsbane.
JacontisB, arum. pl.f. [tucaiv.] Shooting stars, meteors.
tacopus, i and urn, i. 1. Spar. 2. A plant. 3. In neut. a tonic.
£&cor, oris, m. Sharpness, acidity.
Jacorna, ae. A kind of thistle.
Jacorus, i, and am, i. A garden flag (a flower).
acquiesco, is, evi, no sup. v. n. 1. To rest, to repose. 2. To acquiesce
in, be pkased at, approve of (c. in and abl. or c. abl. or sine a).
acqulro, is, quiaivi, itum. v. a. [qutero, ad]. To acquire, to obtain in
addition.
§~Acragas, antis. ace. anta. m. Agrigentum, Girgenti.
gacredula, as. A small singing bird, perhaps a goldfinch, or woodlark.
acricfiltis, a, um. [dim. for acer.] Shnrptempered, cross.
acrlmdnia, SB. / 1. Sharpness, acidity. 2. (Metaph.) Acrimony, viru
lence. 3. Also in good sense, acuteness, penetration.
acrlter, comp. acrius. sup. acerrlme. wlr. from acer, q. v. 1. Sharply,
vigorously, vehemently. 2. Attentively, keenly. 3. Boldly, fiercely.
4. Severely, cruelly.
acritudo, lnis./ Sharpness of taste.
acroama, atis. n. [aiipodoiuu.] Anything pleasant to hear (used also of
persons).
acroasis, is./*. 1. A lecture room, or an assembly met to hear a lecture.
. 2. A literary discourse, a lecture.
Acroceraunia, orum. pi. n. Rocks on the coast of Epirus, any dangerous
rocks.
acta, se. [airrif.] The seashore.
acta, orum. n. pi. 1. Acts, deeds, esp. glorious deeds. 2. Acts (of
parliament), resolutions passed by the senate, or by a magistrate (once
found in sing, actum, in this sense, Cic. Phil. i. 7.). 3. J Records of
such acts.
*actsea, a?. A strong smelling herb, Christopher.
gActaeus, a, um,/ Actias, adis. adj. Athenian.
Actiacus, a, um. adj. Of Actiura. JActias, adis./ of prcc.
actio, onis. /. [ago.] 1. An action, a deed. 2. A discussion. 3. A
measure carried or brought forward by a magistrate or senator. 4. The
act of pleading or form of pleading. 5. Action, gesticulation in the
delivery of a speech. G. An action or lawsuit. 7. The plot of a
play : gratiarum actio, the giving of thanks, Cic
*actiosus, a, um. adj. Quarrelsome.
actlto, as. To be in the habit of pleading.
iactivus, a, um. adj. Active.
actor, oris. m. 1. One who puts in motion, as a slinger moves a sling. 2.
A driver (of cattle). 3. An actor, a doer, one who executes. 4. An
actor, a player. 5. A pleader. 6. A plaintiff. *7. An agent
actuariolum, i. A piunace.
10 ACT-ADA
actuarius. a, urn. adj. (Only epith. of a ship.) Light; used also in fem. or
neut. as subst, a galley, a pinnace.
Jactuarius. La A registrar, a short-hand writer.
actum eat. See ago.
actuose. adv. Actively, zealously.
actuosus. a. tun. adj. Active, practical, effective.
actus, us. m. 1. §A motion. 2. A passage by which to drive cattle,
right of nay, a thoroughfare. 3. J A measure of ground. 4. An act,
an action. 5. ^Business, employment. G. An act of a play. 7.
JAction, gesticulation.
actus, a, am. part pan. from ago, q. v. Acta agimus, we are wasting our
time, Cic. ; ego sum is qui dicam me non lnborare actum babiturum
quod egerent, I am one who say that I am indifferent about it, that I
will approve whatever they have done. Cic.
actutnm. adv. Immediately, instantly.
aculeatus, a, run. 1. Having a sting, prickly, and (metaph.) stinging, sharp
(of sayings, etc.). 2. *Made by a sting (as a wound). .
aculeus, i and dim. Jaculeolus, i. 1. A sting (lit. and metaph.), a
prickle. 2. Bitterness of grief, severity. 3. A sharp, sarcastic, or
subtle saying.
acumen, Inis. n. 1. A sharp point 2. Sharpness (lit and metaph.)
3. Acuteness, cleverness, Bhrewdness. 4. Cunning.
♦acumlno, as. To sharpen, to point
actio, is. 1. To sharpen (lit. and metaph.). Si. To exercise, to improve
by exercise. 3. To stimulate, to excite. 4. £To put an acute
accent to.
Jacus, i. in. A kind of fish, a hornback.
?&cus, oris. n. Chaff, husks.
acus. us./ 1. A needle. 2. A bodkin for the hair, a hairpin. 3.
The tongue of a clasp or buckle.—Tetigisti acu, you have hit the right
nail on the head, Plaut
acute, adv. Sharply, keenly, cleverly.
acutus, a, urn, and dim. acutulus, a, urn. adj. 1. Sharp, pointed, with a
keen edge, acute (lit. and metaph.). 2. Sharp, high, shrill (of sound),
severe (of pain), cold, etc. 3. Clever, shrewd, sagacious.
Jacylos, i. /. [axuAoi.] The acorn of the holmoak.
ad. prep, governing accus. ; denoting motion towards or position near. I.
In space. II. In time. III. In number. IV. The relation of
one object to another. 1. 1 . To, towards. 2. Against (as approach
ing to attack): akin to this meaning is, ad necem ctedi, to be beaten to
death, Cic. 3. At: akin to this is, ad judices, before the judges,
Cic. II. 1. To, tilL 2. About 3. At by: nescio quid in-
tersit utrum illuc nunc veniam an ad decern nnnos, I do not know what
difference it makes whether I go thither now or ten years hence, Cic
III. 1. To, up to. 2. About 3. In addition to. IV. 1. To,
with reference to, in regard of. 2. For (of an object) : dixit a P.
Lentulo se habere ad Catilinam mandata ft literas, he said that he
had messages and letters for Catiline from P. Lentulus, Cic. 3. Com
pared with. 4. Suitably to, consistently with : so, ad speciem vetus-
tatis, to give an appearance of antiquity, Cic. ; ad verbum, word for
worn", Cic; ad summani, on the whole, in short, Hor.
adactio, onis. /.' Compulsion, constraint
•| iadactus. us. m. A bringing towards, or together.
adactus. a, um. part. pass, from adego, q. v.
fadseque. adv. Equally.
adsequo, as. v. a. 1. To' equalise, to make equal. 2. To equal. 3.
To level.
Jgadaestuo, as. v. n. To boil over.
^adaggero, as. r. a. To heap up.
Jad&gium, i. A proverb.
 ADA — ADE 11
JadalUgo, as. v. a. To bind to.
adamanteus, a, um. and adamantlnus, a, urn. adj. Adamantine, iron, very
hard.
adamas. antis. ace anta. m. Adamant, iron, steel.
! adambulo, as. To walk to, towards, or by the side of.
adamo. as. i>. o. To love excessively, to desire excessively.
adaperio, Is, ui, apertum. v. a. To open, to uncover.
§adapertnis, e. adj. That may be opened.
gadapto, as. v. a. To adapt, to fit, to adjust.
Jadaquo, as. v. a. To water, to sprinkle with water ; in pass, (of cattle) to
be watered, to be led to the water. adaquor. dep. To water, to fetch
water (of troops).
Jadarca, SB. / Foam deposited on sedge.
fadai co. v. n. To become very dry.
} adaro, as. r. a. To plough.
i adaucto, as. v. a. To increase.
fadauctus, us. m. Increase, growth.
a: augeu. es, xi, ctum. v. a. To increase, to augment
adaugesco, is, no perf. r. n. To increase, to grow.
adblbo, is. t>. a. To diink, to imbibe.
acclaro, as. v. a. perf. subj. acclarassis. To show, to make clear.
taddecet. impers. It becomes, it is natural to (c ace).
addenseo, es. no perf., also Jaddenso, as. v. a. To thicken, to condense,
to crowd.
addlco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To be propitious (as an omen). 2. To
adjudge (a thing claimed to a claimant, or an article at a sale to a buyer),
to knock down (at a sale), (c. dat.). Sometimes c. in and ace. of a con
dition to which one is doomed : addico in publicum, to confiscate, Cajs.
3. To assign, to doom (to such and such a fate). 4. To devote to, con-
secrate to : cujus sanguinem addixeraa, whose life you had thrown away,
had sacrificed, Cic. 5. To prove (very rare) : die gaudentem nununo
te addicere, tell him that you will cheerfully sell him (what he wants)
for a trifle, Hor.
addictio, onis. /. An award, an adjudication.
addictus, a, um. part. pass, of addico, used also in one or two peculiar
meanings. 1. Made over, assigned, esp. adjudged to slavery. 2. Bound
to (do so and so). 3. K nocked down (at an auction). 4. Devoted to,
to the service of. 5. ^Addicted to.
addisco, is, didlci. no sup. To learn.
additamentum. i. «. An addition to.
Jadditio, onis. /. Addition.
ad. Has, a, um. part pass, from addo, q. v. also. Ever present with.
*addivino, as. v. n. To conjecture, to divine.
addo, is, didi, dltum. r. a. (c dat, sometimes but rarely c. ad or in).
1. To add, to put or give in addition: addunt se in spatia, they throw
themselves one after another with speed on the course, Virg.
addoceo, es, ui, ctum. v. a. To teach, to teach besides.
Jaddormisco, is, ivi, no sup. v. n. To fall atleep.
addubito, as. r. n. To doubt, to doubt a little, to hesitate.
adduco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To bring, to bring to, towards, near, to con
duct to drag- 2. To induce. 3. To draw to oneself (a string), bo as
to tighten it to contract, to cause to shrink, to wrinkle.
£adducte, adv. Rigorously, severely.
adductus. a, um. part pass, of prec ; also as adj. 1. Bent, as a bow.
2. ^Kigid, grave.
idedo, is, edi, esum. v. a. To eat, to consume (sometimes in extravagance),
ademptio, onis. f. A taking away.
ademptus, a, um. part. pass, from adiino, q. v. ; also esp. Dead,
adeo. adv. 1. So, to such a degree. 2. With usque, followed by dum,
donee, or quod, so long. 3. Moreover, also.
 12 ADE — AD I
&deo, Is, ivi, more usu. ii, Itnm. v. a. 1. To go to, to approach ; sometimes
in a friendly manner, so as to visit, to address ; sometimes hostilely, so as
to attack. 2. To undertake, to attempt, to encounter, 3. To enter upon
(an inheritance) : adire in jus, to go to law, Cic
adeps, Ipis. m. Fat.
adeptio, onis. / A getting, an obtaining.
adeptus, a, urn. per/, part, from adipiscor, q. v.; used also in pass, sense,
cot, obtained.
adequlto, as. v. n. To ride to, towards, etc.
JsSderro, as. To wander to, towards, near.
+adesurio, Is. To bo very hungry.
adesus. a, urn. part. pass., from adedo, q. v.; also esp. eaten up by time, by
old age.
adforet, adfuturus, etc. See adsum.
adhsereo, es, haBsi, also in pres. and import, adhaeresco, is; no sup. v. n.
1. To stick to, adhere to, cling to, be fastened to, stick in (c. ad or c. in
and ncc, also c. dat. or c abl.). 2. To stick fast, so as not to proceed
on one's way : tenesne memoria te extremum adhsssisse, do you not
recollect that you stuck so that you were the last (on the poll), Cic. ;
egressibus adhrerescere, to be in attendance on a man when he goes
out, Tac.
adhfesio, onis; some read adhaesitatio. f. An adhering together.
faduaesus, us. m. An adhering together, connection.
£adhalo, as. v. n. To breathe upon (c. ace).
adhibeo, es, ui, Itnm. v. a. (usu. c. ad. and ace. of the more remote
object, sometimes c. dat). 1. To apply (one thing) to (another), to
bring to: cum adhibeant maims vectigalibus vestris, when they lay
hands on your revenues, Cic. ; adhibeto vincula captis, put chains on
the prisoners, Ov.; ut possit vim mihi majorem adbibere mctus quam
fides, so that fear shall exercise a greater influence over me than good
fnith, Cic; adhibere honores, cultus, preces Diis immortalibus, to ad
dress honour, worship, and prayer to the immortal Gods, Cic; motus
quos orator adhibere volet judici, feelings which the speaker will wish to
communicate to the judge, Cic 2. To add. 3. To summon, esp. to
an employment, or to give counsel or aid : a reliquis tuis non adhibemur,
by the rest of your friends we are not consulted, Cic; quicunque Deus
adhibebitur, whatever God shall be brought on the stage, Hor. 4. To
invite as a guest. 5. To receive as a guest, to entertain. 6. To
employ, to use, to exhibit (a quality) : nullam adhibuit memoriam con
tumelies, he dismissed the insult from his recollection, Nep.; permagni est
hominis sic se adhibere in tanta potestate, it is the conduct of a great
man to behave himself in such a manner when invested with such power,
Cic.
adhinnio, is. r. n. To neigh to, to neigh after, in token of desire.
adhortatio, onis._/C Exhortation, encouragement.
adhortator, oris. in. One who exhorts, who encourages.
adhortor, axis. dep. To exhort, to encourage.
adhuc. nv/f. of time (of place only in Plaut). As yet, hitherto, thus far, even
yet, still.
J&diantum, i. A 6ort of fern.
adigo, is, egi, actum, r. a. 1 . To drive to, (]>'• and metaph.) bring to :
adigo jusjurandum, and jusjurando, to bring one to an oath, make him
take an oath : both in Liv. ; cur non arbitrum adegeris Q. Roscium quxro,
I ask why you did not bring Q. Roscius to (or before) an arbitrator. 2.
To bring to, so as to compel, to compel. 3. To bring into (a state of
mind). 4. To drive in (as a nail, etc), usu. c. ad or in and ace; in
some phrases sine prep,, as above in Suet. c. dat
adimo, Is, emi, em turn. v. a. 1 . To take away, sometimes in good sense,
to deliver from (c. dat. of the more remote object). 2. Adimam cantara
severis, I will forbid rigid people to write verses, Hor.
 ADI—ADM 13
adlpatus, a, nm. [adeps.) 1. Fat, (metnph.) coarse. 2. (JNeut pi.)
Adipata, dishes made with fat, greasy, Juv.
adlpisccr, ens, eptus sum. v. dep. 1. To get, to obtain, to acquire.
2. To cRtch, to overtake.
Jaditialis, e. [epith. of ccena.] An inaugural feast
-f-aditio, onis./! An approach, an entrance,
idltus, lis. m. 1. A going to, an approach. 2. A way by which to
approach, an approach. 3. Liberty of approach, access,
adjaceo, es. oi, no sup. To lie near to, be adjacent, be contiguous to.
adjectio, onis. /. Addition, annexation. 2. J Repetition.
Judjectus, us. m. Application, addition.
adjicio. Is, jeci, jectunu v. a. 1. To throw to, to throw as far as, to direct
towards (lit. and metaph., an arrcv, or the attention, etc.). 2. To place
near. 3. To add (c. ad and ncc. ; or in senses 1, 2, less usu. c. dat. ; in
sense 3 more usu. c. dat.)
adjudico, as. v. a. 1. To award, to adjudge ; sometimes c. in and ace. of
the condition to which a person is assigned by the judgment. 2. To
ascribe.
+Jadjugo, as. r. a. To join, to couple,
adj amentum, i. ». Assistance, aid.
adjunctio. 6:iis./. 1. A joining, union. 2. Addition, annexation,
adjunctor. oris. in. One who joins, adds, or annexes,
adjunctus. a, am. past. pass, a seq. ; used also as adj. 1. Suitable to.
2. Found also in coinpar. adjunctior, more nearly connected with.
adjungo, is, si, ctum. v. a. 1. To join, annex, unite. 2. To add, to
subjoin. 3. Adjungo me (c. dat.), to associate oneself with : mini tantuin
deciu adjunxisti, you have conferred so much dignity on me, Cic. ; benevo-
lentiam udjungit leuitate audiendi, he conciliates goodwill by his gentleness
in listening, Cic.
adjuro. as. v. n. To swear solemnly, to swear by, to add to an oath.
-fadjutabilis, e. adj. Assisting, serviceable.
fadjuto, as. r. a., and tadjutor. aris. v. dep. To assist
adj ator, 8ris, m., /em. adjutrix, Icis. [juvo.j An assistant, a helper,
a coadjutor.
Jadjutorium. Assistance, support
adjutus, a, tun. pari. pass, a seq.
adjuvo, as, juvi. jutum. v. a. 1. To help, assist, aid. 2. To heighten.
3. Adjuvat, v. impers., it is pleasant, it is desirable,
admaturo, as. v. a. To hasten, to accelerate.
admetior, iris, mensus stun. v. dep. 1. To measure out to, to distribute to.
+adm:gro, as. v. n. To come to, to be added to (c. ad and acc.X
adminlculor, iris. v. dep. To prop (pert part in pass, sense, I'lin.).
admmiculum, i. n. A prop, a support.
administer, tri./. administra. A servant, an assistant
adznlnistratio, onis./. 1. Assistance, service. 2. Management, direction,
administration.
Jadministrativus. a, tun. Employed in management, administration,
administrator, oris. m. A manager, an administrator,
admlnistro, as. v. a. 1. fTo administer to. 2. To manage, direct,
regulate,
admlrabilis, e. adj. Admirable, wonderful, excellent,
admirabilitas. atis. f. Admirablcness, excellence,
admirabiliter. Admirably, wonderfully, excellently,
admirandos, a, um../W. pari, from admiror, q. v., used as adj. Admirable,
wonderful, excellent, astonishing.
admiratio, onis. /. Admiration, astonishment, wonder.
Jadmirator, oris. m. One who admires, who wonders at
admiror, aris, t>. dep. To admire, wonder at, be astonished,
admisceo, es, ui, xtnm. v. a. To mingle, mix, blend with (c. dat) : ego ad id
consilium admiscear ? shall I mix myself up with this plan ?
14 ADM — ADO
adniissariui. adj. as epith. of equns, and often as subst. A stallion, (me-
taph.) a debauched man.
Jadmissio, onis./. Admission, introduction.
admissum, i. A crime.
.t ndmissura. ae. / The putting together of male and female beasts,
admissus, a. am. part. pass, of seq., esp. (of horses). Let go at full speed.
admitto. is, misi. milium, v. a. 1. To admit, to allow to enter or ap
proach. 2. To do (only of a wrong action), in this sense often with
on me, Cic. : ea in te admisisti, you have done those things, Cic 3.
To undertake. 4. To permit : simul aves rite admisisseut, as soon as
the omens allowed it, Liv. 5. To hasten onwards (a horse) : in Postu-
mium Tarquinius equum admisit, Tarquiu urged his horse at full speed
against Postumius, Liv.
admix tio, onis. / An admixture, a mingling.
admixtus, a, um. part. pass, of admisceo.
fadmBderor, aris. v.dep. To restrain.
admodum [modus.] adv. 1. In a great degree, excessively, very : nihil ad
modum, nothing at all, Cic. ; nulla pecunia admodum, no money to speak
of, Liv.; [sex millia hostium cassa] quinque admodum Romanorum, about
or at most 5000 Romans. +2. (In replies) Certainly, exactly.
admcenio, Is. v. a. To besiege.
tjadmolior, Iris. c. dep. To move towards with great labour.
admoneo, es, ui, ltum. v. a. 1. To remind. 2. To admonish, to warn
(with gen. of the more remote object, or with de and abL, or with double
ace. ; or c. nt or ne of the conduct to be, or not to be pursued (in which
construction also nt is sometimes omitted — see Eton Lat. Gr. 93.) ; or §
c. infin., more rarely c. ad and gerundive). 3. To dun. 4. §To
urge on. 5. £To chastise.
admonltio, onis. / A reminding, warning, admonishing in the way of
advice, encouragement, or reproof.
admonitor, oris. m.,f. admonitrix, Icis. One who reminds or admonishes.
admonltum. i, and admonitus, us. m. Admonition, a reminding, a warning.
admordeo, es, di, sum. v. a. To bite, to gnaw.
admotio, onis./. A moving towards, a bringing in contact with.
admotus, a, um. pari. pass, of seq., as adj. £Near.
admoveo, es, movi, mStum. v. a. 1. To bring near to, to move towards.
2. To apply to (sometimes of applying the attention to), to lay ( hands &e.)
on. 3. To cause (such and such a feeling), (c. dat or c. ad and ace.)
$4. (As intrans.) To approach.
admugio, Is. To low after, to low in reply to (c. dat).
admurmuratio. onis. f. A murmur at, in approval or disapproval.
admurmuro. as. v. n. To murmur at, in approval or disapproval.
-) admutllo. as. To fleece, to cheat.
adoleo. es. v. a., perf. (used only in Ennuis), no sup. v. a. To bum, esp. as a
sacrifice ; to light up (an altar) with sacrifice, §to honour (Gods) with sa
crifice.
adolescens, entis. m. /., part, from adolesco, but used as subst. A young
man or woman ; sometimes as adj. : as, Africani filia adolescens, Cic.
adSlesceutia, x. f. Youth.
adolescentfilus, m.,f. fadolescentfila. A yonng man or woman.
adolesco, is, evi, ultum, with pass. part, adultus. v. n. To grow np, arrive
at the age of manhood; used metaph. of respublica, virtus, etc. etc. ; vix
credibile e^t quantum saperbias Vitellio adoleverit, it is scarcely credible
how much arrogance grew upon Vitellius, Tac.; §(like adolen), Panchans
adolescunt ignibus ara>, the altars flame with the burning of Arabian incense,
Virg.
adopertus, a, um. part. pass, from adoperio, only used in this part, covered,
veiled.
t&d5pInor, axis. v. dep. To conjecture in addition.
 ADO — ADD 15
J&doptiitor, oris, m. An adopter.
adoptio, oais. Adoption.
adoptivus, a, am. adj. Adoptive, belonging to, arising from adoption
(lit. and metaph.).
adopto, as. v. a. 1. To choose. 2. To wish for. 3. To adopt (lit.
and metaph.) : qui se potentise causa C'.esaris libertis ndoptasset, who for
the sake of power had enrolled himself among Csesnr's freedmen, 1'lin.
ador. ». (scarcely found except in nom. and ace.). A kind of grain, spelt
adoratio, onis./ Adoration, worship.
adorea, as. f. 1. An allowance of grain to an army after victory. 2.
victory.
Sadoreas. a, tun. adj. Of grain, of corn.
Jaddreum, i. ». The same as ador.
adorior, Iris, ortua sum, v. dtp. I. To begin. 2. To undertake.
3. To address. 4. To attack.
^adornate. adv. In an adorned, in an elegant manner.
adorno. as. t>. a. 1 . To equip, to furnish. 2. To adom, to decorate.
3. To prepare.
adoro. as. r. a. 1. To pray to, to adore, to worship. 2. To supplicate.
adortus, a, tun. per/, past, from adorior, q. v.
adp. adr. etc. In general, see app. arr. etc.
adrado, is, si, sum. v. a. To scrape, to shave.
adscisco. Is, Ivi, itnm, also in pres. infin. adscire. 1. To approve of, to
adopt (a law, etc.). 2. To adopt (a person in any relation to oneself,
as a son-in-law, an ally, a citizen, also foreign customs, etc). 3. To
associate with oneself (in an object, c. is and ace of the object). 4.
To appropriate, to arrogate to oneself (very rare).
adscitus, a, tun. part. pass, of prec. (Also) Imported from abroad, foreign.
adscitus, us. m. Reception, acceptance. For most words beginning with
ads, see as.
adsum. ides, fui, etc. imperf. sabj. sometimes adforem or afforera. 1.
To be present, often esp. as a friend, an assistant, etc. : rogavit me ut
adetsem contra Satrium, he begged me to stand by him (to help him or
defend him) against Satrius, Cic. 2. To be near at hand, to be im
pending. 3. To appear (before a tribunal), (c. ad and ace.).
adulatio, dnia./. 1. Fawning (prop, of a dog). 2. Flattering, flattery.
adulator, oris. m. A flatterer.
Xadulatorius, a, um. adj. Flattering.
ad&lo, as. ■■ a. To flatter ; once in Cic. in pass, voice ; more usu.
adulor, his. v. dep. To fawn (as a dog), to flatter.
adulter, eri. m., f. adultera, se. An adulterer, adulteress.
§ adulter, era, erum. adj. Adulterous. 2. Spurious.
Jadulteratio, onia./ Adulteration.
adulterinus, a, um. adj. Adulterated, base, false (of money), adulterous.
adulterium, in. 1. Adultery. 2. ^Adulteration.
adultero. as. r. u. 1. To commit adultery. 2. To defile with adultery.
.'}. To corrupt, to falsify. 4. § To transform.
Jadulteror, aris. r. dep. To commit adultery.
adnltus, a, um. part, of adolescn, q. v. Grown up, come to maturity or the
flower of strength; used of states, etc. as well as of people.
adurnbratim. adv. Indistinctly, faintly.
adumbratio, onis./. A sketching, a sketch.
adumbro, as. v. a. To sketch, trace lightly, faintly, imperfectly, to shadow
forth.
aduncitas, atis. f. A hooked form, hookedness.
aduncus, a, um. adj. Hooked, greatly curved.
adnrgeo, es, si, no sup. v. a. To press, to pursue.
adflro, Is. nasi, ustum. 1. To burn, to scorch ; (lit. and metaph.) to bite
(as frost bites).
adusque. adv. As far as (c ace).
16 ADU—ADV
t&dastio, onis./. Burning, scorching.
adustus, a. um. part, from aduro, q. v.
Jadvectio, onis./. Conveyance.
advectitius, a, am. Imported, brought from a distance.
Jadvecto, as. v. a. To bring, to import.
+advectus, us. m. Conveyance from a distance.
advectus, a, um. part. pan. from seq.
adveho, is, xi, otum. v. a. To carry to, bring to, convey to j never c. dat
Sjadvelo, as. v. a. To veil, to cover, to crown.
advcna. a. m. f. One who comes from a distance, a stranger.
advenio, is, veni, ventum. v. n. 1. To come, come to, arrive at (not with
a dat. till after the Augustan age). 2. To happen.
adventitius. a, tun. adj. Adventitious, foreign : adventitia pecunia,
money arising from countries newly subdued, Cic.
advento, a3. v. n. To come to, to arrive at.
tadventor, oris. in. A stranger.
adventus, us. m. An approach, an arrival.
Jadverbero, as. v. a. To strike, to beat
Jadverbium. a. n. An adverb.
adversaria, drum. pi. n. A notebook.
adversarius, i. m. and /. adversaria, 89. An adversary.
adversarius, a, um. adj. Adverse, unfavourable.
fadversatrix, icis./. A female opponent.
adversio, onis./ An application of a thing (animi).
adversitas, atis. Difference, contrariety.
tadverso, as. v. a. To apply (the mind to some object of attention).
adversor, aris. v. dep. To oppose, to resist.
adversus, a, am. adj. Turned towards, opposite to, facing. 2. Oppo
site to, contrary to. 3. Adverse, unfavourable, hostile: vulnera ndversa
accipcre, to receive wounds in front, Cic. ; qui adverso fl limine loin brum
subigit, a man who impels a boat up stream, Virg. ; dentes adversi, the
front teeth, Cic; adversa valetudo, ill health, Liv. ; adversum praelium,
an unsuccessful battle, Liv; Seneca rumore adverse erat, Seneca had a
bad character, Tac. ; ad versa res, misfortune, ill-fortune, Cic. Adversum,
neut. ; used as subst. in pi. Ill-fortune in sing, only in gen. : as, nihil ad
versi, no misfortune, Cic; in adversum (after a verb of motion), in a con
trary direction, on the opposite side, Liv.
adversum, adversus. prep, governing ace. 1. Opposite to, in front of.
2. Towards. 3. Against.
adverto, i3, ti, sum. r. a. 1. To turn to, to turn towards. 2. To apply
to (esp. the mind to an object). 3. To attract, to bring on oneself; ad-
verterntque ea res Sabinos, and that circumstance had attracted the atten
tion of the Sabines, Liv. 4. + Adverto in, to punish. 5. When
joined with animum the phrase is used as a single verb ; to observe, to
take care : postquam id animum advertit, after he noticed that, Cic. Ani
mum is sometimes omitted : paucis adverte, docebo, 1 will teach you in a
few words, do you attend to me, Virg.; advertebatur Pompeii faroiliares
nssentire Volcatio, it was noticed that Pompey's friends agreed with Vol-
catius, Cic.
r.dve-pSrascit. impers. Evening comes on.
advlgllo, as. o. a. To watch over (c. ad. and ace or c dat.). 2. To be
vigilant
fadvivo, is, xi. v. n. To continue living.
aivoc&tio. onis./; 1. Legal assistance. 2. A body of lawyers, the bar.
3. The time allowed for obtaining legal assistance. 4. An adjournment
or delay for the purpose of obtaining legal assistance.
odvocatus, i. m. 1. A friend, one who attends to countenance another in
any proceeding. 2. An advocate, a legal adviser (not the one who
pleaded the cause, he was patronus). 3. % An attorney.
 ADV-J1GT 17
advoco, as. To call, to summon, to invite ; esp. to gire aid or counsel
advolatus, us. m. A flying towards.
JadvdlltO, as. v. n. To fly towards.
advolo, as. e. n. To fly to, or towards ; (metaph.) to hasten to (c ad and
ace, sometimes c. ace. sine prep.; poet, also c. dat).
advolvo, is, vi, volutum. v. a. To roll towards (c dat. of the more remote;
object): genibus se advolvens, throwing himself at his feet, Li v.; tuii
advolvimur aris, we fall down before your altars, Prop, (c ace. in this
sense, Tac.).
adytum, i. A shrine, the innermost part of the temple (applied to the heart
by Lucr.; to the furthest recesses of a tomb, Virg.j.
.Eacldes, 89. m. A descendant of .linens ; esp. Achilles, Pyrrhus.
•Eaeus, a, am. adj. 1. Belonging to or from vEa, a city of Colchis. 2.
Belonging to Circe, as coming from Colchis. 3. Belonging to Calypso,
as dwelling in the island ;K:ea.
aedes, or aedis, is./. 1. In sing, a temple (used in this sense also in pi.,
but then with an adj., e. g. sacra cedes, Cic). 2. In pi. a building, a
house, dwelling, even §a hive (in speaking of more temples or houses than
one, when temples are spoken of, the best writers use duaj, trcs, etc.;
when houses are meant, the distributive adjectives, binse, tenia;, etc.).
3. *Any structure, even a bier.
oedlcula, 89./, dim. of prec. 1. (In sing.) A temple. 2. (In pi.) A
dwelling house. 3. t(In sing.) A room,
aedificatio, onis./. 1 . Building (the act). 2. A building.
aedlf lcatiuncula, 89, dim. of prec. A small building,
sedif Icator, oris. m. A builder; applied even to God as the Creator of the
world.
aedlficium, i. n. An edifice, a building,
aediiico, as. v. a. To build, to construct ; applied to ships, and even to a
state,
ssdilis, is. m. [cedes.] An aedile, a Roman magistrate, so called from having
the superintendence of all public buildings ; he had also the regulation of
the markets. They were of the class of the lesser magistrates, were four
in number, two plebeian and two curule. The age at which a citizen was
eligible for the redileship was 36.
BBdlHtas, atis./. The aedileship.
sedilitins, a, um. alj. Of an eedile.
aedltuens, and aedltuus, c. m. 1 . A keeper of a temple. 2. (Metaph.)
A panegyrist, Hor.; because the asditui showed the temples, and related
the legends belonging to them.
JEetseus, a, tun. adj. Of ,-Eetes, king of Colchis, Colchian.
JEetias. ados./, JEetine, es. Medea, daughter of .Betes,
soger, gra, gram. adj. Sick, diseased, weak (lit. and metaph.); often applied
to the mind, and to the state, by Liv. : mortalibus segris, to helpless or
miserable mortals, Virg.; aeger animi, sick at heart, Liv.; solans acgrum
amorem, seeking to tranquillise the love which made his heart sick, Virg.
Jaegfldpium, i, Jaegllops, 5pis./ A sty in the eye.
teegilops, Spis./ 1. A kind of tare. 2. A kind of oak.
aegis, idis, ace. Ida./ The shield of Minerva, or of Jupiter.
t^aegoceros, otis. m. Capricorn.
segre. adv. With difficulty, hardly : oegre fero, patior, to be vexed at.
faegreo, es. no perf. To be sick.
aegresco, is. no pert 1. To be sick, to be vexed. 2. To become worse.
aegrimonia. 89./, and segritudo, inis. Sorrow, anxiety, sickness of mind,
taegror. oris. m. Sickness.
egrotatio, onis./ Sickness (seldom applied to the mind),
aegroto, as. v. n. To be sick (sometimes applied to the mind and to other
things),
aegrotus, a, tun. adj. Sick, diseased ("applied also to the state).
•Egyptiacns, a, tun, and JEgyptras, a, am. adj. Egyptian.
c
18 ML I — JERA
relinon. indtd. [AT Ahoy.] A dirge.
acmulatio, onis./ Emulation, rivalry (in a good or bad sense).
emulator, oris. m. An emulator, a rival, a competitor.
Jaemulatus, us. m. Emulation, rivalry.
semulor, aria. v. dtp. 1. To emulate, to seek to rival. 2. To equal
(c ace., once c. cum). 3. To envy (c. dat.).
eemulus, a, urn. adj. in masc and fern.; used also as subst. 1. Emulous,
seeking to equal. 2. § Envious. 3. A rival (c. gen., ic dat, once in
Sail, c ace. ).
.Eneadae. arum, m. Descendants of .Xneas, Trojans, Romans.
Jseneator, oris. m. A trumpeter.
♦aeneus, a, urn. adj. Made of copper, or brass.
senigma, atis. n. [ahtovopat], A riddle.
aequabllis, e. adj. Equal, equable, uniform.
aequabilitas, atis. / Equality, equability, uniformity.
asquabQlter. In an equal, equab'e, even, or uniform manner.
gsequasvus, a, um. adj. Of the same age.
sequalis, e. adj. 1. Equal, even, equable, uniform. 2. Level. 3. Cor
responding to, like. 4. Of the same age (in this sense often used as
subst). 5. Contemporary with, coeval with (c dat or c gen.).
eequalitas. atis./ Equality, uniformity, sometimes esp. equality of age.
fiequaliter. adv. Equally, in equal shares.
+J8equanlmitas, atis./ Equanimity.
sequatio, onis./ An equalising, an equal distribution.
aeque. adv. Equally : asquas ac, aequo atque, sequequam, equally with,
as much as.
sequllibritas, atis./ Equal distribution, uniformity.
Jaequlnoctialis, e. Equinoctial.
aequinoctium, i. The equinox.
+sequiparabllis, e. adj. Comparable.
ffiquiparo. a s. r. a. 1 . To compare, to liken. 2. To equal.
■Isequltas, atis. /. 1. Equality, uniformity. 2. Equity, justice : animi
sequitas, equanimity, Cic.
sequo, as. v. a. 1. To level, to make level (c dat oi tbe more remote ob
ject). 2. To make equal, to equalise (c. dat. ore cum and abL). 3.
To compare (c. cum, or c. dat). 4. To equal, to be equal to.
aequor, oris. n. 1. A smooth surface. 2. A plain ; +§esp. the sea.
aequoreus, a, um. adj. Of the sea.
sequns, a, um. adj. 1 . Level, sometimes neut as subst, level ground. 2.
Equal : so, sequo marte pugnatum est, it was a drawn battle, Liv. 3.
Equitable, fair, impartial, just; neut. sometimes as subst., justice. 4. Fa
vorable, friendly (of persons or things) : eequus animus, equanimity : ani
mus meus totum istuc sequi boni tacit, my disposition is to put up with
that, Cic; so, nos sequi bonique facimus, we are contented, Liv.; (cquum,
bonum ; also aequius melius, (a legal formula for) what is just and reason
able, Cic; ex sequo, equally, Liv.
aer, aeris, ace. aera. no pi. [aijp.j 1. The air, the lower air, tbe atmo
sphere. 2. §Mist : aer summits arboris, the airy top of a tree.Virg.
?a?ra, ae. f. Darnel.
Joeramentum, in. A brazen vessel.
:; aerarea. «. A smelting-house.
aerarium, i. The treasury, the exchequer.
asrarins, a, um. adj. [ass, q. v.] 1. Belonging to brass. 2. To money ;
filler serarins, also " ararius by itself as sithst., a brazier.
eerarius, i. wu. in pi. A citizen of Rome who did not enjoy the perfect
franchise : refero aliquem in aerarios, to degrade a citizen to the rank of an
etrarian, Cic. ; they were so called because they were not bound to military
service themselves, but were compelled to pay the ees militare. See Smith')
Vict. ofAntiq.
 -ffi R A — JET A 19
seratus, a, am. adj. [ses, q. v.] Coveted with or made of copper or brass,
brazen.
sereus, a, urn. adj. Copper, brazen.
§seilfer, era, erum.. adj. Bearing brazen instruments.
'aerinus, a. mn. adj. Of darnel.
serines. Sdis. adj. m.f. With brazen feet
JSaerisonus. a, am. adj. Resonnding with brazen instruments.
gaerios, a, am. adj. 1. Of the air, in the air, airy. 2. High.
Jaerosus, a, am. adj. Mixed with brass or copper (of the soil). See ses.
Jseruca. SB.f. Of verdigris.
aerugo. Inis./T 1. Rust from brass. 2. §Money. 3. §Covetousness.
4. §Envy.
aerumna, as. f. 1. Hardship, painful labour. §2. Grief, sorrow.
faBrumnabllis, e. adj. Grievous, hard (of events).
serumnosus, a, am. adj. Unhappy, unfortunate (of personal events).
82S, aeris. n. 1. Copper. 2. Bronze, brass ( though not the same as our
brass); in these senses not used in pi. 3. Money: millia asris quin-
quaginta, 50,000 asses, Liv. 4. Pay wages, esp. soldiers' pay. 5.
A brazen statue. 6. Any brazen instrument — est alienum, debt. — In
animo habui te in aere meo esse, I considered that you were my friend (lit.
bound to me as if in my pay), Cic.
sescaletom, i. n. A grove of oaks.
snculeos, a, am. adj. Of oak.
cesculus, i.f. A kind of oak bearing eatable acorns.
eestaa. atis. /. 1. Summer. 2. X A freckle — nare per sestatem liquidam,
to float through the pure summer sky, Virg.
§8estlfer, era, erum. adj. [ajstus.] Bringing heat
sestimabUis e. adj. That which can be valued.
aestimatio, onis. f. A valuing, a valuation, an estimate: aestimatio litinm,
an assessment of damages, Cic. ; accepit praedia in sestiniationeiu, he took
the farm at a valuation, Cic (And as this was a losing plan, he says else
where) Ne estimationem te aliquam putea accipere, that yon may not think
you are at a loss.
sestlmator, oris. m. A valuer, a judge (not legal).
sestlmo, as. k. a. 1. To value, to appraise. 2. To assess. 3. To
make an estimate of, to form ati opinion of, to judge of.
taestivo, as. r. n. To spend the summer.
aestivos, a, am. adj. Of, or like the summer: (estiva? aves, birds which
only visit us in the summer, migratory birds, Liv.
aestiva. nerd. pi. 1. A summer camp. 2. A summer campaign. 3.
§The cattle turned out in the fields in the summer. 4. ^Summer
pastures.
aestuarium, La. A creek, an estuary.
zestuo, as. r. n. [sestus, q. v.] 1. To be very hot, to boil, etc. 2. To
boil, (metaph.) to be excited with any violent passion, love, anxiety, etc.
3. To rise in large waves. 4. To be tossed about (of the mind), as by
waves, to doubt, to vacillate
sestuose. adv. Hotly, impetuously.
aestuosus, a, am. adj. Hot, burning.
sestus, us. m. 1. Heat of any kind, of fire, of tbe sun, of fever, etc. 2.
The tide (in prose usu. in pi.), the ebb and flow of tbe sea: aestu secundo,
when the tide serves, Sail.; aestu adverso, when the tide is coming in,
Sail.; cum exalto se sestus incitavisset, when the tide had risen, C&s.;
minnente asstu, when the tide was going out, Cass. 3. The surf. 4.
(§Metaph.) any violent commotion. 5. Agitation, vacillation of mind:
ne jesttis nos consuetudinia absorbeat, that the tide or force of custom
may not carry us away, Cic.
astas, atis. f. [contr. fr. tc vitas.] 1. The age, or the life of man; age, life
(used alto of other tilings). 2. An age, a generation. 3. Time.
C 2
20 J1TA-AFF
omnis aetas, every nge ; i.e. the people of every age, Liv. ; id. asiatis jn*n
sumus, we are now of that nge; i. e. so old, Cic*
setatiila, 89. dim. of prec Age.
aeternltas, atis./! 1. Eternity. 2. ^Durability.
aeterno, as. r. a. To make eternal, to immortalise.
seternus, a, urn. adj. Eternal, everlasting: in aeternum, for ever. §Without
in: as, scternum, for ever, incessantly, Virg.
aether. eris, ace. ?ra. no pi. [atSrtp]. 1 . The air, prop, the upper air, u
opp. to aer, the sky. 2. §Heaven.
aetherius, a, um. adj. 1. Ethereal, of the air of the sky, heavenly.
2. Lofty, reaching to the sky : vescitur aura aitheria, does feed on the
air of the upper world (as opp. to the shades below), Virg.
JEthiops, opis. m. An Ethiopian, a blackamoor.
§ajthra, ee./. The clear sky, the sky.
JEtnccus, a, um, and .Etnensis. e. adj. Of Mount Etna.
JEtoiicus, and iEtolius and JEtdlus, a, um. adj. /Etolian.
sevitas, atis. /. The old form of Betas, q. v.
ffivum, i, rare in prose. Lifetime, life, time : ter aevo functus, he who
lived three times the ordinary lifetime of man ; t. e. Nestor, Hor. ; evo
confectus Acetes, Acetes worn out by age, i. t. by old age, Virg.
tSEVus, i. An old form of aevum.
Afer, fra, frum. African, sometimes esp. Carthaginian.
affabilis, e. adv. Easy, or safe to be spoken to, affable.
affabllltas, atis./ Affability, courtesy.
affabre. adj. Skilfully, in a workmanlike manner.
affari. For what parts of this word are found, see fari, to address, to speak to.
affatim. adv. Enough, abundantly.
gaffatus, us. m. An address.
affatus, a, um. part, from affari.
Jaffcctatio, onis. / 1 . Strong desire. 2. Affectation, i. e. a desire to
pass for what one is not, or to seem to have what one has not.
affectator, oris. m. 1. One who desires. 2. One who affects or pretends
to have what he has not.
affectio, onis. /. 1. An affection of mind or body. 2. A disposition
with respect to some particular thing. 3. A frame of mind. 4. JGood
will : forma corporis affectio, a good constitution, Cic. ; affectio astrorum,
the position of the stars, Cic.
affecto, as. v. a. 1. To aim at, to desire, to aspire to. 2. To seek to
conciliate. 3. JTo affect, to imitate infelicitously : potiundee Italite
spem affectans, cherishing the hope of making himself master of Italy, Liv.;
viam affectat olympo, he aims to make his way to heaven, Virg.
affectus, a, um. pari. pass, horn afficio, q. v., also as adj. 1. Affected,
moved by any passion or feeling. 2. Harassed (not without mention of
the cause by which). 3. Sick, indisposed : Caesarem affectum graviter
videram, I had seen Cwsar very much indisposed, Cic. ; pars reipublicte
male affecta, a part of the state in a bad condition, Cic; so, opem rebus
affectiB oiarc, to implore aid in their distress, Liv. ; affectus beneficio,
treated kindly, Cic. ; affectus praemio, rewarded, Cic; supplicio affectus,
put to death, Tac
affectus us. m. 1. An affection or emotion of the mind. 2. J Love,
desire. 3. t§The object loved.
affero, fers. attuli, allatum, v. a. irr. To bring to, to convey to (c. ad and
ace, sometimes c. dat.). 2. To bring forward, to produce. 3. To
cause. 4. To allege : affero crimen (c. dat), to bring forward an accu
sation against (c. dat.), Cic. ; affero manus, to lay violent hands on (c dat.),
Cic. ; affert (idem orationi, it gives weight to the speech, Cic. ; ilia non
afferunt oratori aliquid, those things are no use to the orator, Cic. ; sese a
moenibus heros affert, the hero conies from the walls, Virg.
afficio, is, feci, fectum, v. a. 1. To affect, to move. 2. To treat. 3.
To affect injuriously.
 A F F — AGE 21
affigo, is, fixi, fixum. v. a. 1. To fix to, to fasten to (c dat.). 2. *To
impress,
affingo, is, xi, ctam. v. a. 1. To devise, to fashion. 2. To devise in
addition. 3. To fasten to, adapt to, add to. 4. To impute, to attri
bute to.
affinis, e. adj. 1. Bordering on (c. dat.). 2. Connected with, privy to
(."]!- a bad action), (c. dat. or c. gen.). 3. (As subst.) A connection by
marriage,
afflnltas, atis. f. 1. Connection by marriage. 2. {Contiguity. 3.
{Connection, union,
affirmate. adv. Positively.
affirmatio, onis. /. An affirmation, assertion, confirmation,
affirmo. as. v. a. 1. To confirm, to strengthen. 2. To assert, to affirm,
afflatus, us. m. 1. A blowing on, a blast, a breath. 2. Inspiration.
3. *A flash of light,
faffleo, es, evi, etum. r. n. To weep at.
afflictatio, onis. /. Violent pain,
{afflictio, onis. f. Pain,
afflicto, as. v. a. 1. To dash against, to toss about. 2. To afflict, to
harass, to vex, to agitate,
afflictor, oris. mi. A subverter.
afflict us, a, tun. pari. pass, from affligo, q. v.
affligo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To dash one thing against another (usu. c.
ad and ace). 2. To dash down, overthrow. 3. To weaken, to
injure,
afflo, as. v. a. 1 . To blow on, to breathe on (c.acc.) : afflate incendio, scorched
by the conflagration, Liv. 2. To exhale (as flowers exhale scents).
3. To blow towards (c. dat.) : rumoris nescio quid afflaverat frequentiam non
fuisse, some rumour had brought us word that there was a thin attendance,
Cic. 4. To breathe favourably on, to favour (c. dat.). 5. To inspire,
affluens, entis. part. pres. from affluo, also as adj. Abounding in, rich in.
affluenter. adv. comp. tins. Abundantly.
affluentia, SB. Abundance,
affluo, is, xi, xum. v. a. 1. To flow towards, to flow on. 2. (Metaph.)
To flock together, to assemble, to crowd to a place, to approach, to arrive
(c. ad and ace). 3. To abound in, to be rich in (c. all.). 4. (As neut.)
To be abundant.
JafFodio, is, fodi, fossum. v. a. To dig besides,
effore, etc. fut. infiii. from adsum, q. v.
tafformldo, as. v. a. To fear.
JSaffrango, is, egi, actum. To break against (c. dat).
1. Jaffremo. is, ui. 5tum. To murmur at.
Z affrico. as, ui, ictum. To rub against, to rub in.
{affrictos, As. m. A rubbing against or in.
affulgeo, es, si. no sup. v. n. To shine, to shine upon, to beam upon
(c dat.).
*affundo, is, fudi, fusum. 1. To pour upon, to pour into, to shed upon;
. in pass., to flow near (c. dat.). 2. To add.
Aniens, a, am. adj. African.
Africus, i. The south-west wind,
iagarlcura, i. n. A sort of mushroom.
agaso, Snis. in. J. A groom, an ostler. 2. An awkward servant.
agellns. i. dim. from ager, also §agellulus. i. A small field.
Agema, atis. n. [rryiouai.] A Macedonian name for a legion.
Agenorens, a, um. adj. Of Agenor, king of Tyre; Syrian; Carthnginean.
agens, entis. part pres. from ago, also as adj. 1. Effective. 2. (fAs
subst.) A pleader,
ager, gri. m. 1. A field. 2. A farm. 3. Territory, a district. 4.
(In pi.) The country, as opp. to urbs, the town.
03
22 AGG — AGN
agg£mo. is, ui, Itnm. r. n. To groan in concert
agger, 8ris. »i. [adgero.] 1. Anything heaped up. 2. A mound for
defence, attack, or as a tribunal to speak from. 3. A rampart. 4. A
causeway (often with viae). 5. A dike, a mole : aggeres Alpini, the
mountain! of the Alps, Virg. ; aggeres nivei, drifts of snow, Virg.
aggero, as. a. a. 1. To heap up. 2. To fill up. 3. §To increase, to
aggravate.
aggero, is, gessi, gestum. v. a. 1 . To carry townrds, to carry to one place
so as to heap up. 2.J To bring forward (accusations), to heap them on
a person.
Jaggestus, us. m. A carrying so as to heap up.
§agglomero, as. v. o. To join together.
agglutlno, as. v. a. To glue to, to join to, to annex.
faggriveeco, is, no perf. v. n. To become severe (of illness).
aggravo, as. r. a. To aggravate, to make bad or unfavourable.
faggredio ; in the pure ages always aggredior, eris, grsssos stun (used
by Plaut. as 4th conj.). v. dtp. 1. To go to, to approach. 2. To
address, to apply to. 3. To attack, to assault. 4. To undertake, to
attempt, to begin (c ad and ace. or c. ace. or c. infin.). In a fragment of
Cicero the word is found in a pass, sense. The fut. part, aggrediendus,
like that of nearly all deponents, is used in pass, sense by the best authors.
aggrego. as. v. a. [ad grex]. To bring to, to join to, to attach to, to con
nect with, to involve in (c. ad and ace): meam voluntatem ad suiniui viri
dignitatem aggregassem, I should have contributed my good will to pro
mote the credit of that excellent man, Cic.
aggressio, onis./ An approach, an attack.
aggressus, a, am. part, from aggredior.
agilis. e. adj. [ago.] Agile, active, easily moved.
agilltas. atis. /.' Agility, activity, rapid easy motion.
agitabilis, e. adj. Easily moved, easily agitated.
agHatio, onis./ Motion, agitation ; (lit. or metaph.) of the mind : agitatio
mentis, occupation of the mind, Cic. ; ag. studiorum, the prosecution of
studies, Cic
agitator, oris. m. A driver, a charioteer.
agitatus, a. urn. part, of seq., q. v.; also u adj. In disorder.
aglto, as. v. a. 1. To put in motion, to drive. 2. To pursue, to hunt.
3. To agitate, (lit. and metaph.) to shake, to toss about. 4. To excite, to
stir up. 5. To torment, to disquiet. 6. To pursue with reproaches,
to attack. 7. To keep, to celebrate (a feast, etc). & To pass (time,
life, etc.). S. (Intrans.) To live. 1 0. To practise. 1 1. To consider,
to devise, to discuss. 12. To bring forward (a measure).
agmon, Inis. ». 1. Anything set in motion, so that one part follows
another ; a train of people; an army on the march; a flock of birds; a
mass of clouds, etc : leni Buit agmine Tyhris, the Tiber flows gently,
wave succeeding ware, Virg.; (snakes move on) agmine lento, coil suc
ceeding coil, Virg. 2. An army; the different divisions of an army:
primum ag., the van ; novissimum, or extremum ag., the rear ; Hannibal
quadrato agmine fiuvium ingressus, Hannibal entering the river with his
army in order of battle, Liv. ; confertissimum ag., an army in close column,
Csos.; agmina mngis quam acies pugnahant, they fought rather in marching
order than in line of battle, Liv.; justum agmen, a completely equipped
army, Tac. 3 A fleet. 4. The march of an army, or course of a
fleet 5. Any crowd : (rducenda deinde dictio est) . . . medium in
agmen, before the public, Cic
agna. m.f. An ewe lamb.
agnosoor, aria, situs, stun. r. dtp. 1. To be bom afterwards, or in ad
dition (to a previous family). 2. To grown on, or to
agnatio. onis./. Consanguinity on the father's side,
agaatus, a, am, usu. u «■**. A relation on the father's side. 2. {On*
born after.
 A G N — ALA 28
agnlnus, a, um. adj. Of lamb ; fern, as subst. caro, sc, lamb, the meat
agnltio. onis./. Acknowledgment, recognition.
agnltus, a, um. part, past., from agnosco, q. v.
agnosco, is, novi, nltum. To recognise, to acknowledge, to own.
agnus, i. m. A lamb.
ago, is, egi, actum [fryee.] To set in motion in any way. 1. To drive, to
impel, to propel, to lead, to conduct, to guide : per glebas radicibus actis
the roots being driven through the earth, Or. ; spumas aget ore cruentas,
he will scatter bloody foam from hia mouth, Virg. ; (reliquss tabernte)
rimas agunt, are showing cracks, Cic. 2. (To drive, aa) To hunt, to
pursue. 3. To drive off (esp. living plunder : fero is used of inanimate
booty). 4. To impel, to.excite (to a course of action). 5. To do: hoc age,
mind what you are doing, attend to the business you have in hand, Hor.
6. To aim at: id semper egi ut, I have always had that object, Cic.
7. To treat with, deal with, negociate with, to urge in speaking
(c. cum and abl.) : egi cum Claudia ut eum deterreret, I urged Claudia to
deter him, Cic. ; de conditionibus (pacis) agebatur, the conditions were
being discussed, Liv. ; agitur prseclare si . . , we are well off, if . . , Cic.
8. To exercise (a feeling, judgment, etc), to celebrate (a festival, etc), to
carry on, to wage (war, etc), to hold (a court, etc), to discharge (an office,
etc.). 9. To pass (life, time, etc.), to live, ago annum octogesimum,
I am in my eightieth year, Cic 10. Ago lege, ex lege, ex jure, to
bring an action ; egit If ge in htereditatem patemam Alius, the son brought
an action to recover his inheritance, Cic. ; 6ummo jure agit, he insists on his
strict right, Cic. 11. To accuse (c. gen. of the crime). 12. To
plead (as an orator, or advocate). 13. To act, to perform (as a player):
agunt sese, they behave, Sail. ; in imper., age, come, come now. Ago is also
used in some peculiar phrases coming under none of these heads : ago
gratias, or grates, to give thanks to, to thank (c. dat. pen.) ; ago animani, to
expire ; aliud ago, to be inattentive ; actum or acta ago, to be wasting my
time (lit. doing over again what is already done); aguntur injuria: sociorum,
agitur vis legum, the liability of your allies to injury is the question,
the power of the laws is at stake, Cic; actum est, it is all over; et jam
actum de Servio rati, and thinking it already all over with Servius, Liv.
Jagogae, arum./, [iyu.] Drains.
Jagon, onis. m. [ay&y.] A contset.
agonia, orum. A Roman festival in honour of Janus, at which a ram was
offered, the victim having been called agonia in early Latin.
agrarius, a, um. adj. Agrarian, of or concerning land : triumvir,
agrarius. A superintendant of the division of the public lands.
agrarii. Agrarians, partisans of an agrarian law.
"agrestis, e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to land. 2. Of the country.
3. Wild. 4. Rustic, unpolished. 5. (As subst) A countryman,
agrlcila. as. m. [ager colo.] A farmer, a husbandman,
agricultio, onis./, and agriculture, se. Agriculture,
"agrlcultor. oris. m. A farmer, a husbandman.
Jagrlmensor, Oris. m. A land surveyor,
agripeta, as. m. A covetrr of laud.
ah. Ala* 1 sometimes c ace.
aheneus, a, um, and ahenus, a, um. adj. Of copper, of brass,
ahenipes, edis. adj. m. f. With brazen feet
aio. r. def. To say, to assert; ain' for aisne; used even as pt.
ala, as. /. 1. A wing. 2. Theannpit, Jthe shoulder-blade. 3. The
wing of an army; and as the cavalry were on the wings, esp.; a squadron
of cavalry,
alabarxhes, m. m. [i\aSa, ink.] A tax-gatherer.
alabaster, tri. /■'. n. astra. Alabaster, an alabaster-box.
"alabastrites, as. m. Alabaster-stone,
ilacer, cris, e, also §alaeris, e. adj. Feeling alacrity, cheerful; active,
lardent, prompt
04
24 ALA — A L I
alacritas, atis. f. Alacrity, cheerfulness, promptness, ardour.
^alapa, se. A slap in the face, esp. that given to a Blare by his master as a
sign of emancipation.
alaris, e, and alarius, a, am. ulj. Belonging to the wing or cavalry of on
army.
§alatus, a. um. Furnished with wings.
Jalauda, se. /. A lark.
+ala20n, finis, m. [a\dfai>.] A braggart
Jalbameatum. i. The white of an egg.
Albanus, a, um. adj. 1. Alban. 2. Made of Lapis Albanus, a peculbr
kind of stone.
albatus, a, um. Clothed in white.
albes, es, no perf. v. n. To be white : albcnte coelo, at daybreak, Cats.
albesco, is, no perf. v. n. 1. To grow, to become white. 2. To dawn.
Jalbicerus and albiceratus. a, um. adj. Of a yellowish white colour.
albico, as. v. n. To be white.
albidus. a, um, albulus, a. um. and albas, a, am. adj. White, bright.
talbltudo, inis. / Whiteness.
^albugo, Inis. A film, esp. as a disease of the eye.
album, i. n. 1. Whiteness. 2. The white of an egg. 3. A tablet,
esp. that on which the Pontifex registered the events of the j'ear; or that
which contained the Praetor's edicts. 4. A roll, a list.
^albumen, mis. n. The white of an egg.
alces, is. / An elk.
-ralcedo. Inis. /, and alcyon, finis. / A kingfisher.
■falcfidonia, orum and aloyouides, um. / Halcyon days, days of tran
quillity.
alcyone, es. f. A daughter of .Tlulus, who drowned herself for love of Ceyx,
and was changed into a kingfisher.
§alea, se. / 1. A die. 2. Gambling. 3. A risk, an uncertainty : dare
Bummam rerum in alcam, to risk everything, Li v.
aleator, oris, m., and aleo, finis, m. A gambler.
aleatorius, a, um. adj. Belonging to dice, to gambling.
ale.;, ecis. »., and alex, ecis. m.f. Fish-pickle.
ales, Itis. m. f. 1. (Adj.) Winged. 2. (Subst) A bird ; in augury, ales
is n bird giving omen by flight. 3. An omen,
alga, so. Seaweed.
algeo. es, si. no sup. v. n. To be cold.
talgldus, a, um. adj. Cold.
algor, oris. m. Cold.
Jalgosus. a, um. adj. Abounding in seaweed.
alias, adv. 1. In another place, elsewhere. 2. At another time. 3. Jin
other respects: alias et alias, at one time (or in one place), and at another.
alibi. Elsewhere : alibi .... alibi, in one place, . . . and in another.
+ tallca, S3. 1. Spelt. 2. Drink made of spelt.
alicubi. adv. Anywhere, somewhere.
J&llcula, se. A thin cloak.
alicunde. adv. From some or any quarter, or person, or other.
alienatio, finis, f. 1. Alienation, transfer of property or rights. 2. Alien
ation of mind, in the way of dislike, or loss of reason : tua a me alienatio ad
cives impios, your desertion of me for wicked citizens, Cic.
alienigena, es. m.f. A foreigner. t(As adj.) Foreign.
Jalienlgenus, a, um. adj. Foreign.
alieno, as. v. a. [alius.] 1. +To make different, to change. 2. To ali
enate, to transfer to another ; sometimes al. a me. 3. To alienate, to
estrange the good will of, to set at variance. 4. (In pass. c. abl.). To be
disinclined to, to avoid : pene olienata mente,almost out of his senses, Cajs.
alienus, a, um. adj. Belonging to another : verecundiae erat equitem suo
alienoque Marte pugnare, they were ashamed to see the cavalry fight both
in their proper style and in one that did not belong to them («'. e. on foot),
 ALI—ALI 25
Liv. ; alienum vulnns, a wound aimed at another, Virg. 2. Not related
to or connected with one, strange (sometimes as subst), one who is no rela
tion. 3. Foreign to, unfriendly to, inconsistent with, unfavourable (c.
dat. esp. when meaning unfriendly ; also c. gen. or c. abl., or, more rarely,
ab and abl., esp. as inconsistent); when meaning unfriendly, hostile, some
times c. in and ace of the object : ffis alienum, debt ; aliena nomina, the
debts of others for whom one has given security, Sail. See nomen.
aliger, era, erum. adj. Winged.
alimentum, i. [alo.] 1. Food, nourishment (lit and metaph.) : addidit
aliments rumoribus adventus Attali, the arrival of Attalus gave support to
the rumours, Liv. 2. A reward for nourishing and bringing up.
tiaUmonia, 88. /. Nourishment, food.
r£alim6nium, i n. 1. Nourishment, support. 2. Education.
alio. adv. To another place, to another subject, in another direction : alio
.... alio, to one place .... to another, etc.
alioqni and quin. adv. Otherwise, in other respects, Jut other times.
fJaliorsnm, contr. from alioversum, also found in pi., adv. To another
place, in another manner.
pllpes, edis. adj. m.f. 1. With winged feet. 2. Swift (sometimes
as epith. of a horse, and even as subst.), equus.
aliptes and alipta, ae. [dAefirrns.] 1 . An anointcr in the gymnastic schools
or at the batb. 2. A teacher of gymnastics.
aliqua, as adv., via understood. By some way or other.
aliquamdiu. adv. For some time, for awhile.
allquammulti. Many.
aliquando. adv. 1. At some time or other, sometimes (sometimes of past
time, i. e. formerly ; or of future time, i. e. hereafter). 2. (In interrogative
sentences, or after si) Ever: aliquando .... aliquando, at one time ....
at another ; tandem aliquando, at length, at last.
ttallquantisper. adv. For a while.
allquanto and quantum, adv. In some degree, somewhat, a little.
aliquantus, a, um. and dim. aliquantulus. adj. (both very rare, except in
neut.). A little, somewhat, often c. gen. : as, aliquantum agri, a little land,
Cic. ; aliq. equorum, a few horses, Sail.
t&Uquatenus. For some distance, to some degree.
aliquis *", quae, quod, and quid ; both adj. and subst., but aliquid is the neut.
mint, form, and aliquod the adj. form. Some, any; sometimes with a special
idea of importance or eminence.
aliquispiam and aliquisquam (see above for dec!.). Some, any.
allqno. adv. To some place or other.
aliquot. indecl. Some, several, a few.
aliquoties. adv. More times than one, several, or a few times.
talis, no f.; neut. alid. an old form of alius, q. v.
alitor, adv. In a different way, differently, otherwise : often with ac, nr,
before a vowel, atqae ; or, less often, by quam: as, aliter scribo ac sentio,
I write differently from what I feel, Cic; aliter . . . alitor, in one way . . .
in another way. 2. § In another direction.
Jaliubi. Elsewhere.
aliunde, adv. From another place, quarter, or person : alii aliunde coibant,
different people were flocking in from different quarters, Liv.
alius, a, ud. grn. alius, but also in. alii, fr. of Cato ; and / alias. Cic, dat.
alii, and all, Lucr. adj. 1. Another, other : alius . . . alius, one . . . and
another ; alii . . . alii, some . . . others ; aliud . . . alio tempore, sometimes

* Andrews (and Smith following him) give aliqui and aliquis as two
separate words. I have preferred to follow Zumpt, who says (§ 135.): —
** The indefinite pronoun aliquis has originally two different forms ; aliquis.
neut aliquid, which is used as a substantive, and aliquis, aliqua, aliquod. But
aliqui is obsolete, though it occurs in some passages of Cicero. In ordinary
language aliquis alone it used both as substantive and adjective."
26 A L I — ALL
one thing and sometimes another, Cic; cum alii alio mitterentar, when dif
ferent persons were being sent different ways, Lit.; alia atque alia ap-
petendo loca, seeking one place after another, Cic. ; [habes Snrdos venales],
aliuni alio, nequioresn, each worse than the other. Cic; alind ex alio, and
aliud super aliud, one thing after another, Liv. and Cic. So, too, alios is
used with others of its derivatives : as, aliter ab aliis degerunmr, they are
digested in different ways by different people, Cic 2. Different from
(c. ac or atque) : as, longe alia nobis ac tn scripseras nuntiantur, we hear
Tery different news from that which you wrote, Cic. Sometimes with nisi :
erat historia nihil aliud nisi annalium coufectio, history was nothing but
(or nothing else than) a compilation of annals, Cic. 3. The rest : ne qui»
alius Ariovistus regno potiretur, that no second .Ariovistus might obtain the
kingdom, Tac ; preeda? alia militum cessere, the rest of the things became
the booty of the soldiers (where alia is used for cetera), Liv.
aliusmodi. adv. Of a different sort (c. ae or atque),
aliusvis, avis, umvis. adj. Any other you please.
allabor, eris, lapsus sum. r. dtp. 1. To glide towards, to flow towards,
2. To approach, to reach (c. dat. or c. ace).
allaboro, as. v. a. I. To labour at. 2. To add with labour.
allacrymo. as. r. n. To weep,
allapsus, us. m. A gliding towards, an approach.
allatro, as. v. a. To bark at ; (metaph.) to revile, to rail at.
allatus. a, um. part. pass, from afiero, q. v.
tallaudo, as. v. a. To praise.
Jallectatio, onis. Enticement, alluring ways.
allecto, as. r. a. To allure, to entice.
Jallector, oris. m. One who entices or allures.
allegatio. onis. /." and fallegatus, us. m. A sending a mission.
allectus. a, um. part. pass, from allego, is, q. v.
allego. as. r. a. To send (evp. as an agent). 2. JTo allege.
allego, is. egi, ectum v. a. To choose, to elect, to choose in addition,
Jallegcria. a./. [dWriyopla.] An allegory.
allevamentum. i. Alleviation, relief.
allevatio, (r.iis.f. 1. A lilting, a raising up. 2. Alleviation.
allevo, as. r. a. 1. To lift, to lift up, to raise up. 2. To lighten, to alle
viate, (of an assertion or proof) to weaken.
Jallicefacio, is, feci. v. a. To allure.
allicio, Is, lexi, lectum, r. a. To allure, to entice, to attract ; often c. ad
and ace. of the object to which : allicio ad me, to conciliate.
allido, is, si, sum. v. a. To dash (one thing) against (another). 2. (In
pass.) To be wrecked, (metaph ) to be injured.
allifana, as. f. A kind of large enp made at Allifte in Samnium.
Jalllgatio, onis./ [ligo.] The act of binding or fastening to.
alllgo, as. r. a. 1. To bind, to bind to (c. ad and ace), to fasten. 2. To
bind with obligation, as a benefactor or a law : alligare se scelere, to involve
himself in guilt, Cic. (c. g?n. of the crime, Jer.).
allino. is, levi, litum. r. a. To draw across or over so as to smear.
allium, i. n. Garlic.
iallocutio, onis./ A speaking to, addressing, address.
alloquium. i. n. A speaking to. address, conversation.
alloquor, eris, locutus sam. r. dep. To speak to, to address, to accost.
i allubesco, is. no perf. v. a. To please, to begin to please.
^alluceo, es, and i. no sup. v. n. To shine upon (c. dat.).
■f alludio. as. v. a. To jest at, to caress.
aUfldo, is, si, sum. v.n. 1. To play, to sport, to say or do in a playful
manner; (metaph.) of the waves of the sea, etc; to play with (c. ace), Cat
2. JTo allude to (c. dat.).
tt, is. no sup. To wash. esp. as the sea or rivers wash a place.
Ties, ei. A pool caused or left by inundation.
*-0, onis. /: 1. + Inundation. 2. Alluvial land.
 ALM — ALT 27
almas, a, am. adj. [alo.] Nourishing, genial, cheering.
alliens, a, am. adj. Of alder wood.
alnus, i.f. 1. An alder tree. 2. A boat, a ship.
a!o, is, ui, alitum and altum. 1. To nourish, to feed, to rear. 2. To
cherish, to cause to increase, to promote the prosperity of.
Jaloe.es. / The aloe.
Jalopecia, m.f. [&A»*i)£.] The mange.
Alplcus, a, urn, more usu Alplnns, a. am. adj. Of the Alps, Alpine; in
pi. as sutist., the inhabitants of the Alp?.
Alpis, is. more usu. in pi. Alpes, ium./ The Alps.
Jalsiosus, a, am. adj. Susceptible of cold.
alsius. a, am. adj., compar. alsior. Cool.
altaria. am. pi. n. An altar, properly that which was placed on the altar
for the burning of the victim.
alte. adv. [altus.] 1. Highly. 2. From a height. 3. Deeply; (lit.
and metaph.) of thinking, sleeping, etc.: altius repetena ab origine famam,
tracing farther back the tradition from its origin, Virg.
alter, era, $nxm,gen. erius, etc. adv. 1. One (of two), the other (of two).
2. The second. 3. Another. 4. Either of two : non uterque Bed
alter, not each but either, Cic. Alter .... alter, the one .... the other:
alter in alterum cauaam conferunt, each lays the blame on the other, Cic.;
alters menss, the second course, Hor.; uno aut summum altero prselio, in
one, or at the most in two, battles, Liv.; anno treccntesimo altero, in the
three hundredth and second year, Liv.; alter ab illo, the next to him, Virg.;
altero tanti magia, as much again, Cic; hos neque in alterius favorem
inclinatos mieerat rex, the king had sent them without any predisposition
in favour of either, Liv.; altera factio, the opposite party, Nep.
altercatio, onis./ 1. A dispute, an altercation. 2. A cross-examina
tion.
.taltercator, oris. m. A disputant, one who wrangles.
talterco, as; later, altercor, aris. v. dtp. 1. To dispute, have an alterca
tion, to wrangle. 2. To cross-examine (sine c). 3. (Metaph.) To
struggle with.
Jaltercum, i Henbane.
Jalterne. adv. In turn.
alterno. as. v. a. 1. To interchange, to do alternately. 2. To hesitate
between alternatives : alternant spesque timorque fidem, hope and fear
alternately make it credible and incredible, Ov.
alternas, a, urn. adj. 1. Alternate, every other in turn. 2. Mutual, re
ciprocal: alternis pene verbis T. Manlii factum laudans, praising the
exploit of T. Manlius at almost every other word, Liv.; alterni versos,
hexameters and pentameters, Cic; rejectio judicum alternorum, the ri^ht
of challenging the judges, alternately exercised by both sides, Cic; al
ternis (vicibus understood), alternately, in turn.
alteruter, tra, tram, yen. trius, etc. adj. One of two.
'alterutrinque. adv. On both sides, in both cases.
Jalthaea, m.f. Marshmallow.
Jaltlcinctus. a, am. adj. Girt up high, i.e. active, busy.
altllis, e. adj. Fattened (as fowls to sell, etc.), fat, fine (lit. and metaph.).
Saltlsonus, a, am. adj. 1. High-sounding, loud. 2. Sublime.
f altitonans, antis. adj. Thundering on high.
altItftdo,Inil./. 1. Height, loftiness (lit. and metaph.): alt. animi, magna
nimity, Cic. 2. Depth. 3. (Alt. animi or ingenii) A depth (of mind
or purpose), such as to be unfathomable, secrecy, reserve.
*altiusculus, a, am. adj. Rather high.
taltlvilana, antis. aid taltivolus, a. um. adj. Flying high.
altor. oris. / altrix, icis. [alo] A nourisher, a rearer, a nurse.
taltrinseous. adv. From the other side.
taltrovorsus, or urn, contr. altrorsus. adv. On or to the other side.
altat, a, am. adj. 1. High, lofty (lit. and metaph. of the mind, etc), tall.
28 ALU — AMB
2. Beep, profound (lit. and metaph. of the mind), the night, etc 3.
Shrill, loud. 4. Ancient, remote, in point of time. A] turn. «., as
subst. 1. A height, a high place, the sky. 2. The deep, the sea:
ex alto, from the depths of his heart, Ov. ; [qua; de nostris officiis
Bcripserim], quoniam ex alto repetita aunt, since the ideas were far-fetched,
Cic.
aluclnor, aris. r. dtp. To dream idly, to talk idly, to be discursive.
*aiumen, Inis. n. Alum.
Jaluminatus, a, urn. and aluminOBUs, a, um. adj. Impregnated with
alum,
alumnus, i. m., f. alumna, m. A fosterchild, a pupil.
aluta, se. /. 1 . A kind of soft leather. 2. A shoe. 3. A patch on
the face by way of ornament,
alvearium, i. A beehive.
■f-alveatus. and *alveolatus, a, um. adj. Hollowed out like a trough,
alveus, i. and dim. alveolus, i. 1. Any hollow or cavity. 2. A hollow
vessel. 3. The hull of a ship, a ship, a boat. 4. A beehive. 5. A
bath, a tub. 6. The bed of a river. 7. A gaming board,
alvus, i. f. 1. The belly, the stomach. 2. JA beehive.
amabilis, e. adj. Worthy of love, lovely, amiable, pleasant.
tamabUItas, atis. f. Loveliness, amiability,
amablliter. adv. In a lovely, amiable, or pleasant manner,
amandatio, oais. f. A sending away.
amando. as. v. a. To send away,
amans, antis. pari, from amo, but used also as adj. with compar. and superLj
often c. gen. Loving, affectionate, having a great regard for; (as subst. m. f.)
a lover.
amanter. adv. Affectionately, lovingly.
^amanuensis, is. m. [a manu.] An amanuensis, a secretary.
amaracmus, a, um. adj. Of amaracus, q. v.
amaracus, i. m. Sweet marjoram,
amaranthus, i. m. Amaranth,
amare. adv. Bitterly, keenly, vehemently.
§amarlties, ei. f. and amarltudo, Inis. / and §amaror, oris. m. Bitter
ness,
amarus, a, um. adj. 1. Bitter, (lit. and metaph.) rough-tasted. 2. Harsh,
acrimonious, ill-natured. 3. Unpleasant, grievous,
famasius, i. m. A lover,
'iamatio, onis. / A making love.
amator, oris. m. f!,/. amatrix, icis. A lover, an admirer, a great friend,
famatorculus, i. dim. of prec.
amatorie. adv. Amorously, lovingly.
amatorius, a, um. adj. Amorous, loving; (Jneut. as subst.) a love-potion.
"I ambadedo, is, edi. To eat up, devour entirely,
ambages, is. f.\ in sing, only in abl., but complete in pi. 1. A circuitous
path, a roundabout way; (lit. and metaph.) a long story. 2. A riddle,
an obscure saying,
ambedo, is, edi, esum. To devour all round, to devour entirely,
ambi, with which many words are compounded, is the same as the Greek
a/iipt, all round ; therefore ambedo is to devour all round, i. e. wholly, etc.
ambigo, is, no perf. I. To go around. 2. To dispute, to argue, to doubt;
often as pass, impers. ambigitur, it is doubted,
amblgue. adv. Ambiguously, not plainly,
ambiguitas, atis. f. Ambiguity, a want of plainness.
amblguus, a, um. adj. 1. Changeable, shifting from one side to another.
2. Uncertain, of doubtful meaning, obscure. 3. Vacillating, fickle,
ambio, Is. v. a. 1. To go round, to encompass. 2. To canvass, to solicit
votes. 3. To address entreaties to, to entreat, to court (c. ut or ne of the
object),
ambitio, onis./. 1. A going about, esp. to canvass, a canvassing for votes.
 AMB—AMI 29
2. A seeking to conciliate, flattery. 3. Ambition : per ambitionem,
oat of a desire to please the populace, Liv.
ambltiose. adv. 1. With a wish to curry favour. 2. Ambitiously,
ambitiosus, a, um. adj. 1. Encompassing, clinging around. 2. Seeking
to curry favour, popularity-hunting. 3. Ambitious. 4. Ostenta
tious : ambitiosa amicitia, interested friendship, Cic. ; ambitiosa domus,
a house much visited by clients, etc., Ov.
ambitus, us. 1. A going round so as to encompass, or so as to revolve.
*-. JA circumference. 3. The space round a building. 4. (Like
ambages) A roundabout way of expressing oneself, circumlocution. 5.
A period (»'. e. a sentence, Cic. translating irepioSos). 6. Canvassing
for votes. 7. ^Ostentation, vanity,
ambo. ae, 0. only y>/. adj. [ifupa.] Both, each of two.
ambrosia, SB./. [a/i)3poo-ia.] Ambrosia, the food and the perfume of the Gods,
ambrosius, a, um. adj. Ambrosial, divine, delightful,
ambubaia?, arum. pl.f. [a Syrian word.] Musical girls from Syria.
+ambulacrum, i. n. A walk planted with trees.
ambulatio, onis. /., dim. ambulatiuncula, as. f. 1. A walk, the act of
walking. 2. A walk, a place to walk in: ambulationem postmeridia-
nam conflcere, to take an afternoon walk, Cic
+J ambulator, oris. /. f ambulatrix, icis. m. 1. tA walker, a lounger.
2. A pedlar,
ambulatorius, a, um. adj. Ambulator}', moveable,
ambulo, as. [ambi.J To go to and fro, to walk abont, to walk, to travel,
amburo, is, ussi, UStum. v. a. [ambi, uro.] To burn all round, to scorch, to
singe, (lit. and metaph.) to bum, to consume: nmbusti multorum artus vi
frigoris, the limbs of many were frostbitten, Tac
-fambustulatus, a, um. Scorched, singed, roasted.
amellus, L mi. Starwort,
amens, entia. adj. [a mens.] 1. Out of one's mind, frantic, mad (c gen.).-
as, amens animi, Virg. 2. Idiotic, very stupid, very foolish,
amentia, ae.f. A being out of one's mind, madness, excessive folly,
amento, as. 1. To furnish with a thong. 2. To hurl by the tbong,
v. seq.
amentum, i. n. 1. A thong attached to a spear to hurl it by. 2. *A
shoe-string.
arr.es, Itis. in. A bunting-pole to spread hunting-nets with.
iamethy stinatus, a, um. Wearing a dress of amethyst colour,
♦amethystinus, a, um. adj. 1. Of amethyst colour. 2. Mounted
with amethysts; (neut as subst.) a dre6S of amethyst colour.
Jamcthystus, \.f. |a,i«0uV] An amethyst,
arnica, ae, dim. auricula, se.f. A female friend, a mistress,
amice, adv. In a friendly manner,
amlcio. Is, ui, iotum. [amer jacio.] 1. To wrap round, to clothe. 2.
To cover, to wrap up.
amicitia, 85, and in Lucr. amicities, ei. Friendship between individuals
or nations, alliance.
Jamico. as. To make friendly, to propitiate.
amictus, us. m. 1. A garment, a dress, a mode of dress. 2. Anytl.ing
which surrounds or conceals, as mist, etc., Virg.
amiculum, i. n. A garment, a mantle,
amicus, i, and dim. amiculus, i. m. A friend, a companion.
amicus, a, um, adj. Friendly, kind, fond of.
amissio, onis./, more rarely amissus, us. m. A losing, a loss,
anrita, m.f. An aunt on the father's side,
amitto, is, misi, missum. 1. To let go, to suffer to escape one, to let
slip. 2. To lose. 3. To neglect : amitto fidem, to break one's word,
Nep. Amitto and perdo are commonly used in the same sense, but in one
pass. Cicero distinguishes between them : Decius amisit vitam, at non per-
didit, Decius sacrificed hit life, but he did not throw it away foolishly.
30 AMM-AMP
'ammodytes, BJ. m. [ etuiux, Siiu.] An African serpent.
§amnlc51a, oc. m. /; One who lives by a river.
Jamnicus, a, am. adj. Of a river, near a river, growing in a river.
jamnlgena, se. m. _/". Born of a river, riverbom.
amnis, if. m., and dim. amnionlas, i. 1. A river, n stream. 2. §Any
liquid : secundo amne, down stream ; ad verso amne, up stream.
amo, a*, v. a. 1. To love, to have affection for, to esteem greatly, to be fond
of. 2. To be accustomed to, to be wont : amabo te advola, I entreat yon
hasten, Cic; in Attilii negotio te amavi, I was much obliged to yon in
that business of Attilius, Cic-
+amcene. adv. Pleaaantly.
amoenltas, atil./. Pleasantness : mea amcenitas, my darling, PI.
amcenus, a, am. adj. [amo.] Pleasant, agreeable, delightful
amolior, iris. r. dtp. 1. To remove by means of labour, to remove.
2. To send away. 3. To repel, to refute : amolior nomen meum, I
say nothing of myself, Liv.
amomum. i. An Assyrian aromatic plant
amor, onis. in pL also amos. m. 1. Love, affection. 2. Cupid. 3.
Desire,
amotio, &vJL&.f. Removal, v. seq.
amoveo. et, movi, motum. r. a. 1. To move to a distance, to remove.
2. To lay aside, to discard. 3. To carry off, to steal. 4. JTo banish.
5. Amoveo me, to withdraw, to retire to depart : amolior et amoveo nomen
meum, I say nothing of myself, Liv.
ampelitis, idis. f. 1 4,uireXos. ) A kind of bituminous earth, used as a depi
latory, or to protect vines from the worm.
Jampeios. i. /'. [S/iireAos.] Wild vine, bryony.
^amphibrachys, os. / [arW>l /Spaxis.] The foot amphibrachys,
Jauiphiuiallum, i. n. A wollen cloth, shaggy on both aides.
JamphisbEena. as. /. [ifitplt Palv<v.] A serpent moving either way.
JamphlUieatralis, e, and amphitbeatrlcus, a, am. adj. Of an am
phitheatre.
Jamphitheatrum, i n. [iutfA Btdrpov.] An amphitheatre.
Amphrtrite, es. 1. The wife of Neptune. 2. §The sea.
Amphltryoniades, 83. m The son of Amphitryon, Hercules.
amphora, te./. 1 . A pitcher, a flagon, a jar of wine. 2. A measure con
taining nearly six gallons : navis 300 amphorarum, a ship of 300 ampuorse
burden, Liv.
Jamphoralis, e. adj. Holding or containing an amphora.
ample, adv. Amply, splendidly ; (of speaking) complimentarily ; in compar.
amplius. 1. More. 2. Besides : de Philodamo amplius prouunlia-
batur, the case of Ph ilodamus was adjourned, Cic. j hoc amplius censeo, I
propose this as a rider to the motion, Cic. ; amplius eo nomine non peti, for
no further action to be brought on that account, Cic
amplector. eris. plexus sum. v. dep., and +ampleoto. is. [ambi or afupi Ix*.]
1. To coil round, to cling round, cling to,to embrace, to encircle. 2.
To comprehend in the mind, so as to consider, or to understand, or in
the conversation, so as to discuss, to comprise, to take in. 3. To have a
great regard for, to be attached to, to esteem.
amplexor, aris. o. dep. A more rare form of prec, q. v.
amplexas, us. m. An embrace, a coiling round, a surrounding.
t, ampliat io. onis. / An adjournment.
ampllficatio, onis./. An increasing, an enlarging, amplification.
amplificator, oris. m. One who increases, enlarges.
Jampllfice. adv. Splendidly.
amplifico, as. v. a. To make large, or larger, to increase, to enlarge in size,
power, or importance. 2. To amplify, to add dignity to, to exaggerate.
ampleo, as. c. a. 1 . To extend, to enlarge. 2. To adjourn : bis ampiiatus,
having had his trial adjourned twice, Liv.
ampllter. adv. Greatly, splendidly.
 AMP — ANC < 31
amplitude inis. f. 1. Great size, breadth, bulkiness, greatness (applied
also to the mind or the character). 2. Dignity, high rank. 3. Copi
ousness.
ampins, a, um. adj. 1. Ample, large, spacious. 2. Great (not of persons
as to size). 3. Honourable, dignified. 4. Copious (as an omtor, etc).
ampulla, 83./ 1. A jar, a bottle. 2. (In pi.) Bombastic expressions.
Jampullaceus, a, um. adj. Like or of a bottle.
fampullarins, i. m. A bottle-maker.
§ampullor, aris. v. dep. To speak bombastically-.
amputatio, onis. f. 1 . A pruning, a cutting off. 2. %A cutting (of a
plant).
amputo, as. r. a. To prune away, to cut off : infracta et amputata loquun-
tur, they speak in an unconnected manner, Cic
Jamuletum, i An amulet.
amurca, as. Oil lees, a pickle made from olives.
i amussito, as. [amussis, a rule.] To make to a nicety.
^amussinm, i. n. A plate let into a wall to mark the direction of the wind.
amygdala, 83,/. and amygdalum, i. «. [afivySa\i-n]. An almond.
Jamygdalaceus and amygdalinus. a, um. adj. Of or like an almond.
Jamylum, i. n. Starch.
amystis, Idas./*. A long draught
an. An interrogative particle, used in direct and in indirect, or in disjunc
tive and alternative questions,— in which last it must as often be translated
or: eloquar an sileani ? shall I speak or be silent ? Vig.; so too, honestum
ne sit an turpe dubitant, they doubt whether it be honourable or base, Cic.;
in these senses anne is sometimes used. After words of doubtinir, being
ignorant, etc., whether: as, nescio an melius patientiam possim dioere, I do
not know whether I had not better call it patience, Cic. ; est quidem id
magnum et haud scio an maximum, it is of great, 1 do not know whether
T may not say (or, I might almost say) of the greatest consequence, Cic
^anabathrum, i. [cwdGaOpoy.] Elevated seats at the public games.
fanadema, atis. n. [ava. Siu.] A chaplet, a lillet, a wreath.
Janagallis , idis. / The anagallis, pimpernel.
anagnostes, as. m. [twayiyvu><TKw.] A reader.
analecta. 83. m. A servant who collected the. fragments after a feast.
analectris, Idis./ A pad worn about the shoulders to improve the figure,
a kind of bustle.
tanalemma, atis. n. A kind of sundial.
Janiilogia, as. [ara\oyta.] Analogy.
fanancaeum, i. [avayicaibi'.] A large drinking-cup.
anapajstus, i. An anapaestic foot, w^— : anapssstum, an anaprestic poem.
^anaphora, as./ [avatyopa.] The rising of the stars.
anas, atis./ A duck, dim anaticula, 83, a darling.
Anas. as. m. The Guadiana, a river in Spain.
fanatinuB and Janatarius, a, um. adj. Of a duck.
anceps, Ipitis. adj. [ambi caput.] 1. Having two heads, (of a mountain)
having two peaks. 2. Two-edged. 3. Uncertain, ambiguous, doubt
ful, obscure : anceps proelium, a drawn battle, Liv. ; but also a battle where
an army is attacked on both sides : telis micipitibus hostem submoturus,
intending to drive the enemy away by attacking him with missiles on both
sides, Liv. ; ancipitia munimenta, fortifications presenting a formidable
appearance on both sides, Liv. 4. Amphibious. 5. Dangerous.
Anchisiades, as. /T'ucas. son of Anchises.
ancile, is. ».; also pi. gen. anciliorum. The round shield that fell from
heaven in Numa's time, a small oval shield.
ancilla, S3, dim. ancillula. A maidservant, a handmaid.
ancillaris, e. adj. Belonging to a handmaid.
. ancillor, axis. r. dep. To serve, to be subservient to.
tancisus. a, um. part, used as adj [ambi casus.] Cut all round.
Jancon, onis. «i. [dyicuv.] A volute
32 ANC-ANI
ancora, x. [dyicvpa.') An anchor.
ancorale. is. n. A cable.
ancorarius, a, nut. adj. Of or belonging to an anchor,
andabata, ffl. m. A gladiator, whose helmet had no holea for the eyes.
androgynus, i. m..f. ^androgyne. [dn)o yuy^.] A n.aii-woman, a woman-
man, a hermaphrodite,
tandron, 5nis. m. 1. The men's part of the house. 2. A corridor,
anellus, i. dim. from annulus. A little ring.
t anemone, es. [avisos.] An anemone.
Janethum, i. Anise, dell,
anfractns, OS. [ambi frango.] A winding course, a circuit, a circuitous path,
a winding. 2. Circumlocution, digression. 3. Intricacy,
fangellns, i. dim. of angulus. A little angle.
+tanglna, te.f. Quinsy,
anglportus, us. in. and am, in. A narrow alley,
ango, is, zi. 1. To throttle, to strangle, to choke. 2. To cause pain to,
to vex, to torture,
angor, oris. m. 1. Choking, suffocation. 2. Vexation, grief.
§angulc6mus, a, urn. adj. With snakes for hair.
anguiculus, i. dim. of anguis. A little snake.
Sanguifer. era, erum. Bearing snakes.
sanguiguiia, S3, in. Bora of a serpent, or of serpent's teeth.
Janguilla, m. f. An eel.
tangulmanus, a. am. adj. With snake-like hands, epitb. of the elephant,
anguineas and Jangulnus, a, am. adj. Of a snake, or serpent.
§angulpes, cdis. m. f. Snakefooted.
anguis, is. m.f. 1. A snake, a serpent. 2. A constellation so called,
ganguitenens, entis. adj. Holding a snake.
tangularis, e, also angulatus. and Jangtilosus, a, am. adj. Angular.
angulus, i. 1. An nngle, a corner. 2. A nook,
anguste. adv. 1. Narrowly. 2. In scanty quantity, briefly. 3.
With difficulty,
angustiae. arum. pi. f. 1. A narrow pass, a strait by land or sea.
2. A strait, a difficulty. 3. Perplexity. 4. Narrowness (animi, etc.) ;
nng. spiritus, shortness of breath, Cic. ; ang. rei frumentarias, scantiness of
supplies, Cass.; nisi in eas petilionis angustias incidisset, if he had not lived
at a time when success in such a canvass was difficult, Cic; citre verborum
angustia;, those verbal quibbles, Cic.
Jangustlclavius. adj. only m. Wearing a narrow stripe of purple on his
robe as a plebeian tribune,
angusto, as. o. a. To narrow, to make narrow, to straighten,
angustus, a, am. <*{/. 1. Narrow, contracted (lit. and metaph.). 2.
Scanty, short (of a supply). 3. Difficult. 4. Petty, mean. 5.
Brief (not of a person). 6. Subtle, quibbling ; (n.) angustum, (as subst)
difficulty.
.tanbelatio, onis. f. Panting, gasping,
anbelator, oris. m. One who pants, who is short of breath.
anhelitu3, us. m. 1. Panting. 2. Breath. 3. Exhalation,
anhe'o, as. v. n. 1. To Pant, to puff, to gasp. 2. § To roar (of fire).
Sanhelus, a, am. adj. 1. Panting. 2. Causing panting (of labour),
anicula, 83. dim. of anus. An old woman.
anilis, e. 1. Ot an old woman. 2. Like an old woman, anile, silly,
anllitas, atis. /. Anility, old age in a woman,
aniliter. adv. Like an old woman,
anlma, 86. 1. $Air, a breeze, the air. 2. The breath. 3. Life, the
principle of life, the mind, the bouI ; sometimes as a term of endearment,
etc.: ago, efflo, exspiro, % exhalo, §effundo animam, to die j so, eum anima
reliqnit, he died, Nep.
auimadversio, flnis. f. [animnm adverto.] 1. Observation, attention.
2. Unfavourable notice ; t. c, censure, punishment.
 A N I — ANN 33
animadversor, oris. m. An observer, esp. unfavourable.
anJmadverto, ia, ti. earn, [aniroum adverto.] 1. To turn one's mind to,
to observe, to notice, to remark, to consider. 2. To notice unfavourably;
i. «., to blame, to punish ; in this sense often c in and ace.
animal, alis. n. An animal, a living creature,
animalis, e. adj. 1. Of air. 2. Living, animal.
anlmans, Ms. pari, of animo, but used as adj. ; Animate, living; often as subst.
in./'., a living being,
anlmatio, onis. /. A living being.
anlmatus. a, urn. part. pass, from animo. (Also) 1. Disposed, entertaining
(such and such) feelings. 2. + Bold, courageous,
^anlmatus, us. m. Animation, vitality.
animo, as. 1. To animate, to give vitality to. 2. To dispose, give (such
and such) a disposition to.
anlmosus, a, urn. adj. 1 . Blowing strongly. 2. Full of vitality, living.
3. Spirited, bold, courageous,
anlmula, 89., dim. of anima. Life, the souL
animus, i, and dim. fanlmulus, i. I. The principle of life, life.
2. The mind, the inclination, the intention, the disposition (the in
tellectual part is more properly mens ; but the two nouns are often used
without this distinction). 3. Spirit, courage. 4. Pride, arrogance.
5. Anger, fierceness, impetuosity. 6. Sense consciousness. 7.
Opinion. 8. § Sense, fert animus, my mind prompts me, I wish ; est
animus, est in animo, in animo habeo, I intend, Cic. Ov.; bono animo sis,
be of good cheer, Cic.
annalis, e. adj. Referring to a year : lex annalis, a law regulating the age
at which one is eligible for office.
annates, turn., pi. m. Annals, records of the events of the year.
Jannato, as. v. n. To swim towards, or to (c. dat.),
Jannavigo as. To sail towards, or to.
annecto. is, nexni, nexum. »•. a. To fasten on, or to, to annex, to join, to
connect (c. dat. or c. ad and ace),
tannexus, us. m. Connection.
? anniculus. a, um. adj. A year old.
Jannlfer, era, Brum. adj. Bearing fruit the whole year, producing a new
stalk each year.
annitor, eris, nisus sum, r. dtp. 1. To lean or rest upon, or against
(c. ad and ace. or c. dat.). 2. To strive (c. ad and ace. or c. de and abl.,
or c. pro and abl. of theobj. (c. infin. or c. ace),
annlversarius, a, um. adj. Annual, recurring every year.
anno, as. r. n. To swim towards, or to, to reach by swimming (c. ace. or c
ad and ace, or c. dat. or sine c).
tannddo, as. r. a. To prune off knots,
annona, 85. 1. The yearly produce. 2. The price of the yearly produce,
esp. of corn, etc., often with an implied sense of high price. 3. § The
price (of anything),
annosns. a, um. adj. Full of years, old.
tannotatio. onis. f. An annotation, the writing down notes.
JannStator, oris. m. A person who makes notes,
annotlnus, a. um. adj. A year old, used last year : but in C.-cs. 5. 8. B. G.
some interpret annotina? naves, the provision ships, as if from annona.
*annoto, as. v. <>. 1. To make remarks on, to write down notes. 2. JTo
remark. 3. JTo register (a person's name, etc.),! 4. J(In pass.) To
be notorious (c. abl. of the cause).
*§annubIlo, as. r. a. To overcast with clouds,
annulus, v. anulus.
annumero, as. r. a. 1. To count, to count out. 2. To pay. 3. To
reckon in addition, to add.
*annuntio. as. v. n. To announce, to bring news.
annuo, is. m. and fuvi. no nip. v. n. 1. To nod, to nod to, to give a sign
s
84 ANN — ANT
by a nod. 2. F.sp. to give a sign of consent, to assent, to approve (often
c dat.). 8. §To favour. 4. §To consent to give, to promise. 5.
(As v. a.) To ratify by a nod, to designate by a nod (c. ace ). 6. JTo
declare (in answer to a question) : annuens an distringeret gladium, making
a sign to ask whether he should draw his sword, Tac.
annus, i. 1. A year. 2. The produce of the year, the yearly crop : qui
anno suo petierunt, those who stood for office in their proper year (i. e. the
first year that they were eligible), Cic; anno, a year ago, last year; ad
annum, a year hence, next year.
*annutrio. Is, Ivi. v. a. To train near to (c. dat. of the more remote object).
annuus, a, urn. adj. 1. Of a year, lasting a year. 2. Yearly, recurring
every year : nox erat annua nobis, the night seemed to me a year long, Ov.
anquiro, is. [ambi queero. ] To seek on all sides, to inquire for or into
earnestly, to inquire (sometimes esp. in a legal sense) : Duumviri creati qui
de perduellione anquirerent, Duumvirs created to try charges of treason,
Liv. ; capita anquisitum ob rem bello male gestam de imperatore nullo ad
earn diem esse, that to that day no general had ever been tried on a capital
charge on account of want of success in war, Liv.
*anquisitio, onis. / An indictment.
ansa, 83. 1. A handle; (lit. and metaph., as) 2. A pretext, an oppor
tunity. 8. JA shoestring. 4. tA crampiron.
tjansatus, a, urn. 1. With a handle. 2. With a thong.
anser, eris. m. A goose, tansercuios, i. A gosling.
Janserinns, a, tun. adj. Of a goose.
Jantapodosis, is [avTairooocrit]. The application of a simile.
ante. prep. cure. 1. Before (either in place or time). 2. In front of.
3. In preference to, more than. 4. (As adv.) Forwards. S. Formerly :
ante omnia, especially, principally; multis ante saeculis, many ages before ;
antequam. before that, before; (with a verb, of the time when such and
such a thing happened, a) antequam mortuus est, before he died (the
portions ante and quam being often separated by other words).
antea. adv. Before, formerly, previously.
Janteambulo, onis. m. A forerunner, a servant sent to clear the way.
antecapio, Is, cepi, captum. v. a. 1. To be beforehand, to preoccupy.
2. To anticipate.
antecedens, entis. m. (as subtt.) An antecedent.
antecedo, is, cessi. cossnjn. v. a. 1. To go before, to get the start of (c.
ace). 2. To precede. 3. To be superior to, to excel (c dat. or c
ace. or sine c).
antecello, is. no per/, e. a. To be superior to, to excel (c. dat., rarely c. ace.,
sometimes sine c).
antecessio, onis. f. 1. A going before, a preceding. 2. An antecedent
cause.
^antecessor, oris. m. \x\pl. The advanced guard.
antecursor, oris. nt. One who runs before; (in pi.) the advanced guard.
antc-eo. anteis. ivi, Itum. and in l'laut. antideo. v. a. 1. To go before, to
precede. 2. To outstrip, to be superior to, to excel. 3. To antici
pate. 4. +To oppose.
antifero, fers, tuli, latum, e. a. 1. To carry before, in front 2. To
prefer (c dat. of the more remote object). 3. To anticipate.
antefixus, a, am. part, of antengo (not in use). Fixed in front of, fastened
to (neut. pi. antetixa), little ornaments affixed to cornices, roofs, &c
*antegeaitalis. e. Before birth.
antegredior, eris, gressus, sum. v. dep. To go before, to precede.
Jantehabeo, es, ni, Itum. v. a. To prefer (c dat. of the more remote
object).
antehac, in Plaut. also antedhac. adv. Formerly, previously, before.
tantelogium, is, A prologue.
antelucanus, a, um. adj. [ante lux.] Before daylight, early.
antemendianus, a, um. adj. Before mid-day, in the forenoon.
 ANT — ANU 35
antemitto, is, misi, missum. v. a. To send before, to send on.
antenna, 83. A sailyard, a yard, a yardarm.
antepes, edis. ro. 1. A forefoot. 2. +A forerunner, an avant-courier.
antepilanus, i. A soldier who fought before the pilani, or triarii, in one of
the two front ranks of hastati or principes.
antepono, is, posui, ltum. !•.(,. 1. To place before, to set before. 2. To
prefer (c. dat. of the more remote object),
fantepdtens, entis. adj. Superior in power.
antequam. See ante.
antes, ium. pl.f. Rows of vines.
antesignanus, i. m. 1. A soldier who fights in front of the standard.
2. A commander.
antesto, as, stlti. no sup. v. a. To stand before, i. e. to excel (c dat).
antestor. axis. v. dtp. To cite as a witness.
antevenio, Is, veni, ventum. v. a. 1. To get the start of, to anticipate;
often so as to prevent. 2. (Rare). To excel, to surpass (c. ace.): [bene-
ficia usque eo la?ta sunt dum videntur exsolvi posse], ubi multum ante-
venere, when they have far outstripped requital, Tac
anteverto, is, ti, sum. v. a. 1. To go before, to precede, to anticipate ;
sometimes so as to prevent: omnibus consiliis antevertendum existimavit
ut Narbonem proficisceretur, he thought that going to Narboune ought to
have precedence of all his other plans, Cjes.
S^antevolo, as. v. a. To fly before, to precede,
^anthemis, idis. f. Chamomile,
janthlnus, a, am. [&V8oj]. Gathered from flowers.
Janthropfiphagos, i. m. [SVflptoiros <pdyu.\ A man-eater, a cannibal,
anticipatio, onis. J". An original, an innate, a previous idea,
antlcipo, as. v. a. To preoccupy, to anticipate,
anticus, a, tun. adj. That which is before, in front, opposite.
Antlcyra, 89. An island in the Malean Gulf celebrated for hellebore.
*antidotum, i and us, 1. / [aVrl SlSufu.] An antidote,
antimetabole, es. f. [avrl ixera fidWa.] A figure in rhetoric, where the
same words are repeated in a different meaning.
Jantinomia, as. f. [dVrl v6fios.] A contradiction between two laws, or
between two clauses in the same law.
Xantipathia, S3. Loct) *deos]. Antipathy.
*antiquarius, i. m., / antiqoaria, 83. An antiquarian,
antique, adv. After the fashion of the ancients.
anUqnitas, atis. / 1. Antiquity. 2. Those who lived in old time,
3. Old fashion, often old-fashioned virtue.
anUqnitas. adv. 1. Anciently, of old. 2. Previously,
antiqno, as. >-. a. To reject (a proposed law).
antiquus. a, am. adj. 1. Ancient, old. 2. §Aged. 3. Old-fashioned
(often of old-fashioned virtue). 4. (In comp.) Better, more desirable,
more wished for, preferable.
antistea, His. m. /., f. also antistlta, as. 1 . One who presides over
(ccrimoniarum et sacroram, Cic), a high priest or priestess. 2. A person
eminent for skill, etc (c gen. of the art).
~antlia, 88. / [ayrKiv.] A pump.
antrum, i. n. A cave, a cavern, a den.
Jannlaris. e and -arias, a, am. Of or for rings.
anularias. i. m. A ring-maker.
tanulitus, a, am. Wearing a ring.
anulus, i. m. 1. A ring (esp. a seal-ring, a seal). 2. J A link in a
chain. 3. £A curl (the ring was the distinguishing badge of the Roman
knights): anulum quern ex his rebus invenit, the ring which he obtained
by his share in these transactions (when he was made a knight), Cic. ;
auulis donatus, having been presented with a ring (i.e. been made a
kni ght), Tac.
anas, i m. The fundament.
D 2
36 ANU— APP
anas, us./ An old woman ; (used also as adj.) of animals : cerva ami?, an
old doe. Ov.
anxie. adv. Anxiously.
anxietas, atis. /. Anxiety, anxious rare.
Sanxifer, era, erum. adj. Causing anxiety.
anxltudo, Inis. / Anxiety.
anxius, a, um. Anxious, solicitous, uneasy ; often anxius animi, etc ; some
times c. gen. of the cause, more usu. c de and abl., or c. ne and subj., or
c. an ; once in Livy, c ace 2. Making anxious, disquieting.
+apage. interj. Away.
+aparctias, 89. m. [ixo ipicrot.] The north wind.
*apeli6tes, ae. m. [airo t)Aios.] The east wind.
aper, pri. A wild boar.
aperio, la, erui, ertum. v. a. 1. To uncover, to lay bare. 2. To lay
bare, to display, to exhibit, to reveal. 3. To open, to cut open, to force
open, to lay open. 4. To lay bare, i. e. to explain, to detail, to disclose,
to relate.
aperte. adv. Openly, plainly, without disguise.
t&perto, as. v. a. To lay bare, to uncover.
apertus, a, tun. part. pasi. from aperio, also as adj. 1. Open (as we say,
an open boat, i. e. without a deck, an open country, the open sea, an open
view, etc.). 2. Clear, plain, avowed, undisguised. 3. Open, candid,
frank : apertum, n. as subst, an open plain, the open, i. e. the open country :
apertis verbis dicere, to say in plain words, Cic; pauca supra repetam quo
ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis, magisque in aperto sint, I will go
back a little, that every thing may be more clear to understand, and more
evident, Sail.; magis in aperto erat, it was more easy, Tac.
apex, Icis. in. 1. The top, the summit. 2. Any covering for the bead,
a hat, a crown, esp. the conical cap of a priest 3. That which crowns,
the chief honour, etc 4. JThe long mark over a vowel.
^phractus, i./ | fuppam-os.] An open, i.e. undecked vessel.
J&pianus, a, on. adj. 1. Of parsley. 2. Of bees : apiana uva, the
muscatel grape.
*apiarium, i. n. A bee-bouse, an apiary.
Japiarius, i m. An apiarian, a bee-keeper.
apfcatus. a, um. Wearing an apex, q. v.
japlnss, arum. pi./. Trifles.
Spis, is./, dim. + Japlcula, ss. A bee.
apiscor, e.is, no perf. To get, to obtain (an old and nearly obsolete word).
apium, i. n. Parsley.
"aplustre, is. pL tria and §tra. The stern of a ship.
apocleti, orum. rn.pl. [A^KAnroj.] The name of the chief council of the
££toljani.
Spodyterium, i. n. [airb Sub.] A dressing-room.
+apogaeus, a, um. [4ir6 -y^.] Coming off land, as wind.
apolactizo, as. v. a. [fab AcumXu.] To reject with scorn, to scorn.
Apollinaris. e. and ApollIneuB, a, um. adj. Of or sacred to Apollo.
apologus, i. m. \kn6Kayot.] A fable, an apologue.
apitheca, B». /. [icworlBrifu.] A storehouse.
apparate. adv. With costly preparation, magnificently.
apparatio, onis./ Preparation.
apparatus, us. m. 1. Preparation. 2. Furniture, equipments, appoint
ments ; (often pi., esp. in this sense) splendid appointments, magnificence :
belli apparatus, the munitions of war, military engines, military stores, etc
appareo, es, ui. no sup. v.n. 1 . To appear, to be in sight, to come in
sight, to be visible. 2. To be clear, evident (often as impera. in this sense).
3. To be an attendant (see apparitor) of or on (c dat.) : fortis appare,
show yourself a brave man, Hor.
fappario, Is, peperi. To acquire, to get
apparltio, onis. / Attendance, service. See apparitor.
 APP 37
app&iitor, oris. m. An attendant upon, esp. upon a public officer.
apparo, as. To prepare, to make ready, to provide.
appellatio, onis. f. 1. The act of addressing, accosting. 2. A name.
3. An appeal. 4. Pronunciation,
appellator, oris. m. An appellant, one who appeals.
appello, as. v. a. l.To address, to accost (used even of addressing by
letter). 2. ( Esp. in the language of entreaty.) To apply to, to entreat, to
implore. 3. (Or of demand.) To dun (sometimes cdeand&bl. of the sum).
4. To appeal to for aid, for a more favourable judgment, etc., to invoke.
5. To accuse, esp. in pass. 6. To call, to name, to mention by name :
Blattiua de proditione Dasium appellabat, Blattius invited or tempted
Dasius to an act of treason, Li v. (a very rare use) ; servant appellans
ease, claiming her as his slave, Liv.
appello, is, puli, pulsum. v. a. 1. To drive to, to bring to, to force to (often
esp. of bringing a ship or a fleet near, c. ad or c. in and ace. (§c. dat.).
2. To direct towards, to apply to (as the mind to a subject). 3. As
v. «.) To arrive at (a coast, etc.), to put in to (harbour, etc.), (c. ad and ace.
or Jc. ace.),
appendix, las./, dim. appcndicula, te.f. An addition, appendage,
appendo, is, di, sum. v. a. To weigh out (in payment) to, to pay, to weigh.
appetens, entis. pres. part, from appeti, used also as adj. with compar. and
super]. 1. Desirous of, eager for (c. gen.). 2. Covetous, grasping.
appetenter. adv. With eager desire.
Jappetentia, se.f. Eager desire,
appetitio, onis./. A desire for, a seeking to obtain,
appetitus, us. m. Desire, eager desire, appetite, passion,
appeto. Is, Jvi, ii, itum. v. a. 1. To desire, to seek to obtain, to strive after.
2. To approach (c. am. often sine c. as v. «.), esp. as a season approaches,
•tc 3. To attack,
appingo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To paint on or in. 2. To add in
writing,
applaudo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1 . To strike upon, to strike. 2. To clap the
hands out, to applaud (c. dat.). 3. To pat, esp. in part, applausus.
^applansor, oris. m. One who applauds,
applausus, us. m. Applause.
appUcatio, onis. /. The act of applying : jus applicationis, the right which
a patron had to the effects of a foreign client who died intestate,
appllco. as, ni, more rarely avi, sup. atum, more often than itum, v. a. (c. dat.
or c ad and ace.). 1. To join to, apply to, attach to, fasten to, bring to,
to lean against, to bring near, to place near (of the more remote object).
2. To connect with. 3. To direct, to guide the course (esp. of a ship)
towards, to steer to : applicor in terras (Ebali nympha tuas, I am driven,
O (Ebalian nymph, to your country, Ov.
apploro, as. c. n. To weep, to weep at.
appono, is. p6sui, itum. r. a. (c. ad and ace. or c. dat of the more remote
object). 1. To place near or by, to apply to. 2. To set before, to
serve up (food, etc.). 3. To appoint. 4. § To add : appone Iucro, set
it down as (to the credit of) gain, Hor.
apporrectus, a, urn. part, used as adj. [porrigo.] Stretched out near.
apporto, as. v. a. To bring to, to convey to, to bring,
apposite, adj. Oppositely, aptly, in a manner suitable to, calculated for.
^appositio, onis.y'. A placing near, by the side.
Jappositum, i. n. An epithet.
appositus, a, tun. part. pais, of appono, used also as adj. with compar. and
superl. 1. Near to. 2. Apposite, appropriate, suitable (c. ad and
ace ). 3. X Inclined to (c dat.).
Jappositus, us. in. An application,
tappotus, a, tun., part, from appoto, used as adj. Drunk,
fapprecor, iris, r. dep. To pray to.
appreheudo, is, di, sum. v. a. To take, to take hold of, to seize, in either a
D 3
38 APP — AQU
friendly manner, as to embrace, or hostile!}-, to make oneself master of, to
take possession of. 2. To faring forward, to allege.
apprirne. adv. Especially, particularly, eminently.
apprlmo, if, pressi, pressum. v. a. To press to (c dat. or c. ad and ace.) of
the more remote object).
apprSbatio, onis./. 1. Approbation, approval. 2. Further proof, con
firmation.
approbator, oris. m. One who approve*.
tapprobe. adv. Very well.
approbo, as. v. a. 1. To approve of, to «how approval of. 2. To
prove, to establish. 3. (Jc. ace. of what is done, c. dat. of the person to
or for whom). To do or discharge in a manner satisfactory to.
appromitto, is, misi. v. a. To promise as an additional surety.
apprdpero, as. v. n. 1. To hasten, to accelerate. 2. (r. *.) To make
haste.
appropinquatio, onis./. A drawing near, a near approach.
appropinquo, as. o, n. To approach, to draw near; (c. dat or c ad, or in
and ace, or sine c), cum ejusmodi locis esset appropinquatum, when they
had approached that kind of place, Cses.
appulsus, us. m. [appello, is.] A steering towards, an approach (of any
thing).
appulsus, a, am. v. appello, is. Navis appulsa Veliam est, the ship put into
Velia, Cic.
aprlc&tio, onis./ A basking in the sun.
+ a,pricltas, atis. /. A sunny place, sunniness.
Ispricor, aris. v. dep. To bask in the sun.
l&pricus, a, urn. adj. 1. Open, esp. open to the sun, sunny. 2. Ex
posed to the sun : in apricum proferet etas, time will bring it to light,
„ Hor-
Aprilis, is. m. April ; also adj., of April.
t Uprlnus, and faprugnus, a, urn. Of the wild boar.
apte. adv. Fitly, suitably, properly.
apto, as. r. u. 1. To fit, to adapt, to adjust, to attach. 2. To prepare.
3. To furnish, to equip.
aptus, a, urn. 1. Fitted to, fastened to (c. dat or c. de or ex, and abl.)
2. Depending on (c. ez and abl.). 3. Connected together. 4. Fur
nished with. 5. Fit, suitable, appropriate : formas Deus aptus in omnes,
a Ood easily changing into, or well suited to every form ; profectus apto
exercitu, marching with his army ready for battle, or, according to some,
handy, not too large to be got in order in a moment, Liv.
apud. prrp. governing ace. 1. Near, by, close to, at (but not so often of
places as of persons). 2. Among, in : as, apud nostros, among our coun
trymen, in our nation; apud viros bonos, among, with, in the eyes of good
men, Cic. 3. Before: as, apud judices, before the judjres, Cic. 4. In
the time of. 5. In (making a quotation): apud Xenophontem, in Xc-no-
phon, Cic; Lucceius queritur apud me per litems, Lucceius complains to me
by letter (a very rare use), Cic. ; apud me, at my house, Cic.
•qua, 83. / Water (from any source, or of any kind): prater eum qui
prabet aquam, except the host (because the host supplied water to wash
the hands); quos ego sum terra, quos ego passu» aqua, which I suffered by
land and water, i. e. by sea, Ov.; leges jubent ei aqua et igni interdici,
the laws enjoin him to be forbidden fire and water, i. e. to be banished,
Cic; alii in aquam ruebant others rushed to the river, Liv. ; aquae
magna? bis eo anno fuere, there were great rains or floods twice that year,
Liv.; in hoc causa mihi aqua hreret, in this case I am at a loss (a pro
verb), Cic; aquam perdit, he wastes his time (metaph. from the Greek
orators, whose time for speaking was measured by the clepsydra), Quint;
aqua;, the waters, medicinal waters, such as those at Haiic.
&qua3ductU3, us, um. I. An aqueduct. 2. A right of water.
JaquallculEO, i. m. The paunch.
 A QU—ARB 39
tiqualis, is. m. An ewer.
-(■aquarium, in. A watering-place for cattle.
Squaring, a, um. adj. Concerning, belonging to water.
aquarius, i. 1. A water-carrier. 2. An inspector of waterworks.
3. A sign of the Zodiac
aquations, a, am. adj. 1. Full of water, moist, wet 2. Aquatic
aquatilis, e. adj. 1. Aquatic. 2. Watery.
aquatio, onis./ 1. A fetching of water. 2. A place where water can
be procured. 3. JRain, in pi.
aqnator, oris. m. A water-carrier.
aquila, aa. /. 1. An eagle. 2. A Roman standard, which was the
figure of an eagle. 3. %A legion. 4. The part of a building which
supports the gable.
aqulllfer, eri. m. A standard-bearer.
aquilinus, a, tun. Of an eagle.
aqoilo, onis . m. The north wind, the north .
aquilonaris, e. and Jaqui'.onius, a, tun. adj. Northern, northerly.
taqullus. a, um. Dark-coloured.
aquor. aris. «. dtp. To water, to fetch water.
aquosus, a, um. adj. 1. Watery, rainy. 2. Clear : mater aquosa, the
goddess of the sea ; i, e. Thetis, Ov.
aquula, 89. dim. of aqua. A little water, a little streamlet.
ara, 83./ 1. An erection : ara sepulchri, a tomb, Virg. 2. (Esp.) An
altar. 3. A place of refuge, refuge.
JArablcus, Arabius, § Arabus, a, am. adj. Arabian.
Jarabilis. e. adj. Arable, fit to be ploughed, easily ploughed.
Arabs, abis. m. An Arabian.
aranea, 89. 1. A spider. 2. A cobweb. 3. JA cobweblike thread.
ttaraneus, and dim. araneolus, i, m., and/ araneola, 89. A spider.
araneum. in. A cobweb.
t&raneus, a, am. adj. Of a spider: mus araneus, a shrewmouse.
arfitio. onis. /. 1. Ploughing. 2. Arable land.
farationcula, 83. A small field.
ar&tor, oris. n. A ploughman ; as adj. joined with bos, etc, drawing the
plough : in pi. aratores, those who fanned the public lands.
aratrum, i. n. A plough.
arbiter, tri. m., and/ §arbitra, as. 1. A spectator,a witness. 2. An
umpire, arbitrator, judge (deciding according to equity, as opp. to judex,
who was bound by strict law). 3. One who decides or governs, a
master : locus effusi late maris arbiter, a space commanding an extensive
view of the open sea, Hor.
arbftratus, us. m. 1. -(-Arbitration. 2. With pleasure.
+arbi~trarius, a, um. Arbitrary, depending on one person's will.
arbftriom, in. 1. The decision of an arbitrator. 2. Judgment, opi
nion. 3. Will, pleasure, authority.
arbi'tror, aris, v. dep. 1. To pronounce as an arbitrator or judge. 2.
To think, to be of opinion ; once used in pass, sense.
arbor, and §arbos, oris./ A tree, § any thing made of timber, a mast, an
oar. etc. : arbor iufelix, the pillow*, Li v.
tjarborarins, a, um. and arboreus, a, um. adj. Of a tree.
Jarborator, oris. m. A pruner of trees.
Jarbuscula, 89. 1. A small tree, a shrub. 2. The tuft on a pea
cock's head.
♦arbustlcus and arbustus, a, am. mlj. 1. Planted with trees. 2.
Trained against a tree.
arbustum, i. «. 1. A plantation of trees. 2. t A tree.
arbfiteus, a, um. adj. Of the arbutus.
arbutus./ The arbutus ; arbutum, i. n. 1. The fruit of the arbutus.
2. The tree.
D 4
40 ARC — ARD
area, a. f. 1. A chest, a strung box. 2. A coffin. 3. A cell.
4. J A cistern,
arcano. adv. Secretly,
arcanus, a, am. adj. 1. Secret, concealed. 2. Secret, i. e. that
which keeps secret; neut. as suisl., §a secret,
arceo. es, ui. no sup. v. a. 1. To shut up, to inclose. 2. To keep off.
3. To prevent. 4. To protect.
Jarcessitor. oris. m. One who sends for.
arcessitus. us. m. A sending for, a summons,
arcesso. is, Jvi, Itum. r. a. 1. To send for, to summon, to fetch. -.
To impeach : ne arcessitum dictum putetur, that the expression may not be
thoucht far-fetched, Cic
*archetypum, i. An archetype, an original.
*archetypns, a, urn. adj. Original, serving as a pattern.
JarcMmaglrus. i. n. [apXL^ytlP0S]- A chief cook.
*archlmimus, i. A chief actor in a farce.
archlplrata, as. m. [dpxl*"P&Trl*]. A chief pirate, a captain of pirates,
t^archltecton, onis. m., and/, architecta, ae. [dpx'i ihtm.] An architect.
JarcMtec tonice, es. / The art of building, architecture,
architector, axis. r. dtp. 1. To build. 2. To devise, contrive,
archltectura, 89./ Architecture.
archltectus, i. m. 1. An architect 2. A maker, a contriver.
archon. ontis. nt. ["Apx""".] An archon, the chief magistrate at Athens.
arcitenens, entis. adj. Holding a bow ; ep. and sometimes syn. of Apollo,
arete, adv. Narrowly, closely, tightly, stringently,
arcto, as. t>. a. 1. To press close, to compress. 2. To contract, to
limit, tn narrow,
arctophylax, acis. m. The constellation Bootes,
arctos, i.f. 1. The Bear (a constellation). 2. The North Pole.
3. The north wind,
arctous, a, tun. adj. Northern,
arcturus, L m. A star in Bootes.
arctus, a, um. adj., part. fr. arceo, but only used as adj. 1. Close, thick,
closely pressed. 2. Narrow. 3. Strict, severe (of laws, etc.). 4.
Scanty. 5. Difficult ; (of circumstances) distressful : arctus somnus,
sound sleep, Cic: arctum, ». as saint. 1. A narrow space. 2. A
difficulty.
Jarcuatim, adv. In the form of a bow, arched,
arcnatus, a, nm. Curved like a bow, in the form of a bow.
arcula, m.f. dim. of area. A little chest, a casket; (metaph.) a little orna
ment,
farcularius, La. A maker of caskets.
Jarcuor, axis. v. dtp. To be arched in the form of a bow.
areas, us, m. 1. A bow. 2. A rainbow. 3. Anything in the shape
of a bow, an arch, an arched or crested wave, etc.
ardea. as./ A heron.
Jardelio, onis. m. A busybody,
ardens, entis, part. fr. ardeo ; used also as adj. with compar. and superl.
1 . Burning, fiery, hot. 2. Glowing. 3. Eager, impetuous, ardent,
ardenter, adv. Eagerly, ardently.
afdeo, es, si, sum. v.n. 1. To be on fire, to burn, to be hot (lit. and metaph.).
2. To glow, to look on fire, to look bright. 3. To be greatly excited
(with any passion). 4. To be eager, to be very desirous. 5. J To love
(c. ace, c abl., or c. in and abl.).
§£ardesco, is. no perf. 1. To take fire, to begin to be hot. 2. To glow.
3. To get excited.
ardor, oris, m. 1. Heat (lit. and metaph.). 2. Brightness. 3.
Ardour, eagerness, eager desire. 4. Love,
arduus, a, um. adj. 1. High, lofty (lit. and metaph.), steep. 2.
 ARE — ARG 41
arduous, difficult : res arduse, difficult ; i. e. adverse, distressful circum
stances, adversity, Hor. ; arduum, i. (as sulist.) a steep place.
area, &,f. 1. A level piece of ground for building, a site. 2. A
courtyard. 3. An open space for games or races, a racecourse. 4.
A threshing-floor. 5. A bed in a garden. 6. JThe halo round the
sun or moon.
farefacio, is, feci, factum, v. a. [facio, are, Lucr.] To dry up.
arena, a./. 1. Sand. 2. A sandy place, sandy soil, a sandy desert,
etc 3. The shore. 4. The place for combats or games, as we say
the arena (because the floor of the amphitheatre was strewed with sand
to prevent the combatants from slipping). 5. (Metaph.) Any field of
contention : [quid facia (Enone ?], quid arena; semina mandas ? Why are
you casting seed on the shore ? i. e. Why are you wasting your labour ?
Or.
tarenaceus. a, tun. adj. Of or like sand, sandy.
arenaria. a.f. A sandpit.
ijarenlvagus, a, tun. Wandering in a desert.
arenosus, a, tun. adj. Sandy.
arena, entis. pres. part, from areo ; used also as adj. I . Drr. 2.
Thirsty.
tarenula, m.f. A grain of sand.
areo, es, ui. and in pres. aresco, is. To be dry, parched. 2. To be
thirsty.
tareol a. 83. f. A small area, q. v.
taretalogus, i. m. [dptrij A070J.] A pretender to virtue, a boaster.
argentaria, SB.f. 1. A bank or money-changer's shop. 2. The trade of
a banker or money-changer. 3. A silver mine.
argentarius. a, urn. adj. Relating to silver, relating to money.
argentarius. i. m. A banker, a money-changer.
argent atus. a, am. adj. 1. Plated. 2. Wearing plated armour.
argenteus. a. um. adj. 1. Silver, made of silver, adorned with silver.
2. Silvery, looking like silver, bright, white, clear.
Jargentifodina, se./ A silver mine.
^argentosus, a, am. adj. Abounding in silver.
argentum, i. n. Silver, silver plate, silver money, money.
argilla, 83/ Potter's clay.
Jargillaceus, a, um. and argillosus a, um. adj. Full of clay.
argumentatio, onis. f. 1. Argumentation, a bringing forward proof.
2. Proof.
argflmentor, aris. v. dtp. 1. To bring forward proof, to adduce something
as proof. 2. To infer, to include.
*argumentosus, a, um. adj. Full of subject of argument, of matter.
argumentum, i. n. 1. An argument, i. e. a proof, an evidence, an indi
cation : concludi argumentum non potest, a conclusion cannot be drawn
from the evidence, Cic. 2. The argument or subject (of any writing, play,
poem, or of any picture, etc.): tabula.' vero novas quid habent argumenti ?
but as for new tables (see tabula;), what do they mean, what is the object
of them ? Cic
arguo, is, ui, ultum. v. a. 1. To argue, to contend, to assert, to indi
cate. 2. To accuse (c gen. or c. abl., or c. de and alp]., or c. ace. and
ins'iip. ). 3. To censure. 4. To convict (rare). 5. To confute :
npparet virtus arguiturque malis, virtue is made apparent and conspicuous
by misfortnne, Ov.
argutatio, onis. /". A creaking noise.
argute, adv. Shrewdly, cleverly.
argutise, arum. pi./. 1. Liveliness, lively motion. 2. Shrewdness,
acuteness.
arguto, as. r. n. and -rargUtor, aris. r. dtp. To chatter about.
argutus, and dim. argutulus, a, um. 1. Lively, active, quickly moving.
2. Speaking or singing quickly, or making any kind of rapid noise, good or
42 AEG — ARE
bad, tuneful, rustling, creaking, noi»y, chattering. 3. Shrewd, clever,
sagacious; (or in bad sense) cunning — argutum caput (of a horse), a head
light, and well set on, Virg.
avgyraspldes, um. pi. m. [apyvpios atnrlr.] Armed with silver shields.
*ariditas, atil. /. Dryness, drought
aridus, a, urn. dim. aridulus, a, am. adj. 1. Dry. 2. Withered,
shrivelled. 3. (Of style) Meagre, jejune, lifeless. 4. (Of a mode
or means of life, etc.) Poor, scanty, unsubstantial. +5. Covetous, nig
gardly. «.: aridum (as atbtt.), dry land.
arils, arietis. m. 1. A ram. 2. Aries, a sign of the zodiac. 3. A
battering ram. 4. A buttress.
larietatio, onis. / A butting like a ram,
Jarietlnus, a, um. adj. Of or like a ram.
ariito, as. v. n. To butt (c. in and ace. of that against which, fas v. a.
c ace.).
arista, se. 1 . An ear of com, (prop.) the beard of the ear. 2. §An
ear of spikenard. 3. Jl lair.
arithmetics, a, um. adj. [iptBpbs.] Of arithmetic : (n. pi. as subst.) arith
metic
tarltudo. mis. / Dryness.
arma, orum. n. pi. Tools of any kind. 1. Arms, defensive armour.
2. Weapons, as sword or spear, but not missile weapons ; (metaph.)
armed men, an army; also (metaph.) any means of defence or attack,
eloquence, etc. : arma civilia, civil war, Cic 3. (For peaceful purposes)
Implements of husbandry, for grinding, baking, etc. 4. §The tackle
of a ship.
Jarmamaxa, se. f. [a.pfut/j.a^a]. A covered Persian chariot.
armamenta, orum. ///. n. The tackle, rigging, etc., of a ship.
armamentarium, i. n. 1. An armoury, an arsenal. 2. JA dockyard.
armarium, i. dim. tarmariolum. A chest, a strongbor.
armatura, aa. f. Armour : levis armature, the light-armed troops, Cic.
armatus. part. pass, from armo, q. v. (used as eubst.). An armed man, a
soldier.
armatus, us. m. (only found in abl. sing.). Armour, equipment in point of
arms: muni graviore armatu (relicto in Bruttiis), all the heavy-armed
troops, Liv.
tarmeniaca, te. /. An apricot tree.
tarmenium, i. also armeniacum, i. «. An apricot
armentalis. e. adj. Belonging to a herd.
armentarius, i. m. A herdsman.
armentom, i. n. [aro] 1. Any beast of draught (but usu. of a number).
2. A herd (§'ised even of stags, seals, etc.).
armifer, era, erum, and armlger, era, erum. adj. Bearing arms, warlike.
armiger, Sri. m., and /. §armigera, se. An armourbearer, (metaph.) an
adherent
armilla, m. f. An armlet, a bracelet
armillatus, a, um. adj. 1 . Wearing an armlet 2. Wearing a collar
(of a dog).
Jarmlpotens, entis. adj. Mighty in arms, warlike.
§armls6nus, a, um. adj. Resounding with arms.
armo, as. v. n. To equip, to furnish with aims or implements of any kind,
to arm.
annus, i. m. The shoulder where it is fitted to the shoulder-blade (properly
only of animals, but §used also of men ).
aro, as. v. a. [apoa], 1. To plough; (lit and metaph.) of a ship, or of old
age furrowing the face with wrinkles. 2. To be a ploughman, to be a
farmer.
arquatus, a, um. adj. 1. Bent, curved. 2. + Having the jaundice : Jar-
quatiia morbus, the jaundice.
arreotus, a, um. part. pass, from arrego, q. v.; also as adj. c. compar. 1.
 ARE — A R X 43
Standing on end (as hair from terror), erect. 2. Roused, excited (as
hope). 3. Steep, precipitous.
arrepo. is, psi. no sup. v. ». To creep towards (c. ad or in and ace., £c dat.).
tarrhabo, onis. m. and Jarrha, SB. /. Earnest money, a deposit.
arrideo, es, si, 111111. r. n. To smile, to smile at, approvingly or favourably
(sine c. or c. dat, or [rare] c. ace). 2. To please (as a thing pleases)
(c. dat.).
arrlgo, is, rexi, rectum, v. a. 1. To set upright, raise up. 2. To
rouse, to excite (hopes, courage, more rarely persons).
arripio. Is, ui, reptum. r. a. 1. To seize, to lay hold of, snatch up. 2.
To get, to obtain, to derive. 3. To comprehend. 4. To apprehend, to
arrest. 5. §To attack (satirically).
arrodo, is, si. sum. v. a. To gnaw.
arrogans, antis. part, from arrogo, but used as adj. Arrogant, haughty.
arroganter, adv. Arrogantly, haughtily.
arrogantia. a;, f. Arrogance, haughtiness, undue pretension.
arrogo, as. v. a. ] . To place by the side of (as an associate in office).
2. To claim (esp. what does not belong to me), to arrogate, to assume.
ars. tis./. 1. Art. skill. 2. A moral quality (esp. good), a virtue. 3.
(In bad sense) Artifice, cunning. 4. An art. 5. §The result of art,
i. e. a work. Cicero distinguishes ars, as the theory, from facultas, as prac
tical skill : ingenuas artes, the liberal sciences, Ov.
arteria, SB, and -farterium, i. a. [aoTjjnfa. ] 1. The windpipe. 2. An artery.
arthritlcus. a. um. adj. [ipSpov. ] Gouty.
*artlcularis, e, and larius, a, um. adj. Of or affecting the joints.
articulatim. adv. 1. Joint by joint, separately. 2. Distinctly, arti
culately.
tartlculo, as. v. a. To articulate.
artlculus, i. 1. A small joint, a joint 2. §A limb. 3. §A finger:
dolores articulorum, gout, rheumatism, Cic. 4. A knot in trees. 5.
A member, a division (esp. of a sentence), a clause : in ipso articulo tern-
poris, at the most critical moment, Cic. ; so, in ipso articulo, Jer.
artlfex, Icis. m. 1. Ono who practises a liberal art, an artist, a skilful
workman. 2. A builder or maker of anything (usu. of a good thing, at
all events, of a thing cleverly made). 3. K\adj.m.f. 1. Skilful,
ingenious. 2. Skilfully wrought or made : artifex equus, a thoroughly
trained horse, Ov.
artlflciosus, a, um, and Jartificialis, e. 1. In accordance with the rules
of art. 2. Skilful, artistic. 3. Skilfully made, artistic. 4. Arti
ficial (opp. to natnralis).
artificium, i. n. 1. An art a trade, a business. 2. Skill, dexterity.
3. (In bad sense) Cunning, artifice. 4. Theory, as opp. to practice.
Jart'ocreas, at is. n. [Soros xpias.] A meatpie.
artolaganus, i. m. A kind of hot cake.
t .' crtopta, se. re. [SfiTos oirrdV] 1. A baker. 2. A breadpan or oven.
art us, us. m. 1. A joint. 2. A limb. 3. J A tendril.
arfila, ». /. dim of ara. An altar.
jiarundlfer, era, Srum. adj. Producing reeds, crowned with reeds.
'arundinctum, i. n. A bed of reeds.
aruudlneus, a, um. adj. 1. Made or consisting of reeds. 2. Abound
ing in reeds : pastor arundineo carmine raulcet oves, the shepherd soothes
his sheep with a tune on his reed pipe, Ov.
arundlnSsus, a, um. adj. A bounding in reeds.
arundo, Inis./ 1. A reed. 2. Anything made of reed, a pipe, a
flute, an arrow, a fishing rod, a weaver's comb, a cane to flog with, Ja pen,
Z* splint, a limed twig to catch birds.
arvuro. i. n. [aro.] 1. An arable field, a corn field, a field, land. 2.
§A region : arva Neptunin. the sea, Virg.
arvus. a, um (very rare), adj. Arable, ploughed.
arx, eis./. 1. A citadel, 2. (Metaph.) A place of refuge, a refuge,
44 AS—ASP
* bulwark. 3. A strong height, a bright : sideream mundi qui tem-
perat arcem, who rules the starry heaven, Ov. ; 10, arces igncse, Hor.:
menu jaculatua arces, striking with his bolts the sacred pinnacles, i.e.
temples, etc., Hor.
as, assii. m. 1 . A pound of uncoined copper. 2. A coin, which was
gradually made of smaller and smaller value, till it came to be only half an
ounce, or worth about three farthings : ad asaem, to the last farthing, Hor.
i&aarotum, i. A tesselated pavement.
1, asc&labotes, a. A kind of lizard.
ascaules. is. m. [aVaoi at>\tm]. A bagpiper.
ascendo, is, di, sum. r. a. To climb, to ascend, to mount, to rise (c. ace or
c in or ad and ace.).
ascensio, onis. /. A climbing, an ascending.
ascensus, us. as. 1. A climbing, an ascending, an ascent (the act). 2.
An ascent (the road), the path by which one ascends. 3. A degree of
height or excellence.
ascia. »./ 1. An axe, a hatchet. 2. JA trowel.
; ascus, a, am, adj. [a o-*i&]. Without shadow, under the equator.
tascSpera, a. f. [ aoaot.] A leathern wallet or sack.
ascribo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To insert in addition, to insert in (a
writing), to add (in writing, as a superscription, or inscription). 2. To
enrol, to enter (in a list, often c in and ace of the list, or c dat.1. 3.
To reckon among, to include in. 4. To ascribe, attribute, impute.
ascriptltius, a, um. adj. Enrolled, as an addition to a previous list : novi
et ascripti cives, new citisens lately admitted to the franchise, lately placed
on the register, Cic. See ascriptus.
aacriptio, onis. f. An addition, something added in writing.
ascriptor, oris. m. One who subscribes to, who puts his name to any
writing in testimony of approval.
ascriptus, a, um. pari. pass, of ascribo, but used in a particular sense.
Added (to the register), enrolled, naturalized (as a citizen belonging by
birth to another country) ; in Tac c ace. of the country where.
asellus, i. m.,f. asella, ae. An ass, a donkey, a young ass.
asiluB, i. m. A gadfly.
Jaslninus, a, um. adj. Of an ass.
aslnus, i. ;«. An ass (lit. and metaph.).
asotus, i. m. [ao-wroj]. A debauched person.
^asparagus, i. m. Asparagus.
aspectabilis, e. adj. That may be seen, visible.
aspecto, as. v. a. _ 1. To look at, to behold, to observe. 2. To look
towards, to have such and such an aspect.
aspectus, us. m. 1. A look, glance, sight. 2. The sense of sight.
3. Appearance, aspect : in aspectu urbis, within sight of the city.
faspello, is, puli, pulsum. r. a. To drive away.
asper, era, erum, and poet sync, put, prom. adj. 1. Rough, rugged,
uneven. 2. Rough in manner, repulsive, harsh, ill-natured, unkind, bitter,
savage, austere, rigid. 3. Sour, bitter(lit. and metaph.). 4. Harsh in sound.
5. § Exasperated. 6. Severe (of cold, disease, etc.), terrible, calamitous.
aspire, ado. Roughly, rudely, fiercely.
aspergo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To scatter or sprinkle upon (c ace. and dat,
or in and abl. of the more remote object). 2. To strew or sprinkle with
(c. ace. and abl.). 3. To sully, to defile : si illius facilitatem tutc gravi-
tati aspereeris, if you mingle his courtesy with your austerity, Cic; istius
facti non est suspicione aspersus, he was not implicated in any suspicion
of that act, Cic.
aspergo, Inia./ 1. A sprinkling. 2. Spray.
aspcritao, atis. f. 1. Unevenness. 2. Roughness, harshness (lit. and
metaph.). 3. Roughness of taste, sourness. 4. Severity. 5. Rough
ness of manner, rudeness, asperity : asperitates reran), difficult and distress
ful circumstances, Cic; asperitas animat (Plin.) or vocis (Lucr.), hoarseness.
 ASP — ASS 45
+£aspernabIliB, e. Contemptible.
aspernatio, onis. f. Contempt, disdain.
aspernor, aris. e. dtp. 1. To spurn, reject with disdain, despise. 2. In a fr.
of Cicero once used in a pass, sense, to be despised : qui colore ipso patriam
aspemaris, you who by your very complexion disown your country, Cic.
aspero, as. v. a. 1. To roughen, make rough. 2. £To excite, to exas
perate : sagittas inopia ferri ossibus asperant, from the scarcity of iron they
point their arrows with bone.
aspcrsio. onis. /. A sprinkling, a strewing.
asphodelus, i. [a<r<t>ASi\os.] Asphodel.
aspicio. Is, exi, ectum. v. a. I. To look upon or at, to see, to behold.
2. To look towards, to hare such and such an aspect: aspicit meridiem, it
has a south aspect. 3. To surrey with the mind's eye, to look into, to
consider. 4. To look to (with a feeling of respect, for advice, etc.) :
lucem aspicere vix possum, I can B-arcely bear to live, Cic. ; in another
place he uses lucem aspicere for to be born.
^aspiramen, Inis. n. That which is communicated by inspiration,
asplratio, onis. /. 1. Breathing, breathing upon. 2. Evaporation.
3. The use of the aspirate.
asplro. as. v. n. 1. To breathe, to breathe on, to blow on. 2. To
favour. 3. To aspire to (c. ad or in and ace. § c. dat.). 4. To ap
proach (c ad) (rare). 5. (r. a.) To blow upon : ventos aspirat eunti,
she breathes forth favourable winds on him as he goes, Virg. 6. (v. a.)
To inspire, to infuse. 7. JTo aspirate.
aspis, Idis. f. An asp, a viper.
asportatio, onis./. A carrying away.
asporto, as. v. a. To carry away.
aspretum, i. A rough place.
assecla, ae. in. An attendant, a servant.
assectatio. onis / An (assiduous, respectful) attendance, as of clients.
assec tator. oris. m. 1 . A follower, an attendant 2. J A disciple.
agsector, aris. v. dtp. To follow, attend, accompany.
assensio, onis, and assensus. us. / 1 . Assent, agreement 2. A
belief in the reality of sensible appearances: assensus nemorum, the echo
of the woods, Virg.
assensor, oris. m. One who assents, who agrees.
assentatio, onis, dim. assentatiuncula, te. / Flattery, (lit) nattering
'assent
assentator, oris. m. 1. A flatterer. 2. One who connives at (c. gen.).
aasentatdrie. In a flattering manner.
assentio. Is, si, stun, more usu. tior, tiris. «. dtp. To assent to, to agree
with (r. dat): assensa, things assented to as true, Cic; Fabio assensum
est every one agreed with Fabius, adopted Fabius's opinion, Liv.
assentor. iris. v. dtp. To flatter, (lit) to agree with, with a view to flatter.
assSquor, eris, secntna stun. 1. To follow, to pursue. 2. To aim
at (as an object of conduct). 3. To overtake. 4. To attain, to gain
(an object). 5. To equal (an object of imitation). 6. To under
stand, to comprehend.
asser, iris. m. A pole, a stake, a pole for a sedan chair.
assert), is, sevi. slttun. v. a. To sow near (sine c or c. dat).
assero. is, ui. rtum. v. a. 1. To claim; most commonly, assero in liber-
tat "in. to claim as free, to declare free; and absol. : qui asserebatur, he who
was pronounced free, Cic.; asserui jam me, I have now freed myseif, Ov. ;
also ass. in servitutem, to claim as a slave, Liv. 2. £To protect to de
fend. 3. To claim, to arrogate to oneself : meque assere ccelo, claim me
for heaven, as worthy of heaven, Ov. 4. JTo assert.
tassertio, onis. / A declaration that a person is free.
assertor, oris. m. I. One who asserts the liberty of another. 2. A pro
tector. 3. One who lays claim to (as his slave).
aaservio, Is. e. a. To serve, subserve, assist (c. dat).
46 ASS
asservo, as v. a. 1. To keep, to preserve. 2. To observe, to watch.
assessio, onis. /., and assessus, us. m. A sitting by (to comfort, assist, etc).
assessor, iris. m. One who sits by, an assessor, an assistant.
asseveranter. ojIv. Positively, earnestly, emphatically.
asseveratio, onis./ Assertion, asseveration, positiveness.
assevero, as. e. a. To assert positively, earnestly, to assert: gravitatem
asseverans, pretending to a character for, assuming an air of gravity,
Tac
; asbicco, as. v. a. To dry up.
assldeo, es. sedi, sessum. and in pre*, asildo, is. r. n. 1. To sit near, or
by (often as an assistant, etc., as an assessor, etc., c dat). 2. +To be
employed about (c. dab). 3. To sit down before, to besiege (c. dat or c.
ace.) : assidet insano, he is next door to a madman, very nearly a madman,
Hor.
assldue Continually, constantly.
assldultas, atis./ Continued attendance, recurrence, repetition, assiduity, a
continual series,
assiduus, i. 1. The name of the five first classes at Rome under the con
stitution of Servius, afterwards called locuples, so called ab sere dando, Cic.
2. fRich. 3. t Eminent, eminently skilful, etc.
assiduus, a, um. adj. 1. Assiduous, in constant attendance. 2. Con
stant, continual,
assignatio, onis./. An assigning, allotting, marching out.
assigno, as. r. o. 1. To march out, assign, allot. 2. To ascribe, to
impute. 3. To consign, to entrust. 4. JTo seal. 5. JTo impress.
assilio. is, ui, sultum. r. n. 1. To leap upon, to spring upon (c. dat. or
c ad and ncc). 2. To bubble up, boil up (as waves),
asslmllis, c. atlj. Like (c. gen. or dat.).
asslmulatio, onis./: 1. A being like, similarity. 2. Pretence.
asslmulo, as. v. a. 1 . To make, to resemble, to make like. 2. To pre
tend. 3. To counterfeit, to imitate,
assisto, is, s tlti, no sup. 1 . To stand near, or by (sometimes c dat ia
the sense of assisting). 2. To stand, to stand up. 3. To appear
before (c dat.).
^associo. as. v. a. To accompany,
assoleo, es, solitus sum (only in 3rd sing, and pL). l.To be accustomed.
2. ( As im per?.) To be usual,
assono, as, ui. c. n. To sound in concert with, or in reply or echo to.
assilcfacio, is, feci, factum, v. a. To accustom ( c dat. or abl. or ad and ace
or inf.).
assuesco, is, suevi, suetum, with part, assuetus. v. n. To be accustomed
(c. dat. c abl., once c. gen. ) ; pass, impers. is found once : cui longo tempore
assuescitur, to which one becomes accustomed after a length of time, Li v.;
ne tanta animis assuescite bella, do not harden your minds to such
a war, Virg.
assuetus, a, um. part, of prec 1 . Accustomed to (c. dat or abl. or ad or
in c. ace). 2. §Customary, usual : longius assueto, further than usual,
Ov.
assuetudo, Inis./. Custom, habit, habituation to (c gen.).
tjassiila, 89. A chip, a splinter,
^assultim. adv. By leaps or bounds.
'assulto. as. r. ». 1. To leap up, at, or on. 2. To attack (c. dat).
assultus, us. m. LA leaping up. 2. An attack,
assnm, i. 1. Roast meat. 2. (In pi.) A hot bath,
assumo, is, si, turn. v. a. 1. To take, to assume, to adopt (often assumo
mihi). 2. To take in addition. 3. To arrogate, to claim unduly.
4. To a«sume or state as a minor premise.
assumptio, onis. /. LA taking, assuming. 2. The minor premise.
aasumptivus, a, um. adj. Assumptiva constitutio, is that way of stating a
cause, or e»p. a defence, which relies upon some external circumstances.
 ASS — ATA 47
assuo, is, ui, utam. v. a. To bow on as a patch.
assurgo, is, sorrezi. no sup. 1. To rise, to rise up, to stand up, esp. to
rise up in the presence of (to do honour to), and §to yield to (as superior).
2. Tofowrr, rise on hijfh, to soar : [credits] quantus in clypeum auurgat,
how high he rises to deliver a blow on his enemy's shield, V'irg. ; queielU
assurgis, you rise in, break out in, complaints, Virg.
assus, a, am. adj. Roasted : pro isto asso sole, for that unmitigated heat
of (or basking in) the sun, Cic. ; assa nutrix, assa vetula (Juv.), a dry
nune.
Assyrius, a, am. adj. Assyrian : ass. mains, a citron tree.
tastacus. i. A lobster.
^astaphis, idis./ A raisin.
^asterias, ae. m. A bittern.
taatlpfilatio, onis./ 1. A joining in a contract, an agreement. 2.
A modulation of the voice in accordance with the expressions uttered.
asterno, is, stravi, stratum, v. a. To strew upon, to stretch upon (c. dat).
astlpulator, oris, m. One who joins in a contract, one who assents to or
agrees with.
astfpulor, axis, v. dtp. To assent to, to agree with.
astltuo, is, ui, atom, c. a. To place near (c. ad and ace.).
asto, as, stiti, no sup. v. n. To stand near or by ; often esp. as an assistant
or counsellor, to stand, to stand up.
*astrepo, is, ui, Iturn, v. a. To make a noise at; esp. indicative of appro
bation, applause, to applaud (c. dat. or c. ace.).
astricte, adv. Briefly, concisely.
*a3trictio. 5nis,/ Astringency.
^astrictorius, a, am, adj. Astringent.
astrictas, a, um, pari. pasi. from astringo; also used almost as adj. 1.
Drawn together, close, shut, as a door. 2. Brief, concise. 3. Stingy,
niggardly. 4. ^Astringent.
*astrido, is, no perf. To hiss at.
£§astrifer, ira, erum, and Jgastriger, era, erum. Starry.
astringo, is, inxi, ictum, v. a. 1. To bind, to bind close, to contract
in any way (sometimes as cold contracts a thing), to draw together by any
connection or alliance. 2. To confirm, to secure (morals, by rigid dis
cipline, a promise by an oath, etc.). 3. §To embrace. 4. To com
press : inops regio qua? parsimonia astringeret milites, a beggarly district,
cramping the soldiers by its poverty, Liv.; magno scelere se astringeret,
he would implicate himself in (be guilty of) a great crime, Cic
astr516gia, ae, /' [ocrTpoi- At'-yw. | Astronomy.
astrologus, i, m. An astronomer.
astrum, i, n. A star, a constellation : ad astra, to the skies, Virg.
astruo, is, xi, ettun, v. a. 1. To build near. 2. To build in addition.
3. To add to. 4. To furnish with. 5. To ascribe to, refer to.
astu. inded. [ao~Tv], The city (esp. of Athens).
Jastupeo, es, ui, no sup. v. n. To be astonished at (c. dat).
astus, us, only found in abl. astu before Tac. Craft, artifice, cunning.
astute, adv. Craftily, cunningly.
astutia, as./. Cunning, craft, artfulness (very rarely in a good sense).
astutus, a, am, adj. Cunning, craft, artfulness.
asylum, i. it. [a av\du.] An asylum.
ast, more usu. at (ast only in poets and Cic. letters). 1. But (rather as
a particle of addition or transition than of opposition. Sometimes it is
ironical : as, at bene cautus eras et memnr ante mei, Ov. ; sometimes used
in passionate exclamations : at 0 Deorum quisquis in ccelo regit terras . . .
Hor.; sometimes, however, it is used to mark the contrary of what has been
said. In Cicero's treatises it often introduces an objection. Sometimes it
is joined with and slightly modified by enim, in a sort of expostuiatory
sense). 2. Still yet (after si, etc),
atavus, i, to. A great-great-grandfather, an ancestor.
49 ATE — ATT
Atellanus, Atellanius, a, um, adj. The Atcllana? tabulae were a species
of farce so called from Atella in Campania. Cicero speaks highly of their
wit and humour; they were performed not by regular actors, but by citi
zens of noble birth : AtelUnus (as snbst.), an actor in them. *
iter, trs, tram, adj 1. Black (metaph.). 2. Disastrous. 3. Agi
tated by storms, stormy (as the sea). 4. Satirical, malicious, hos
tile.
atheos. only found in nom. [d Si is]. An Atheist.
athleta, or es. se, m. An athlete, a wrestler.
atSmus, i.f. [d riuyu.] An atom.
atque (see ac), once used in a peculiar sense : atque ilium in prseceps prono
rapit alveus amni, at once his boat bears him rapidly down the river,
Virg.
atqui. conj. But, yet, notwithstanding; (in conversation) well, well then.
atramentum, i, n. Ink.
atratus, a, um, adj. 1. Blackened, darkened. 2. Clothed in Mack
(as mourning).
Satrlcolor. oris, m.f. Black, clad in black garments.
atrieniis, e [atrumj. A steward.
atrium, and dim. atriolum, i. 1. A hall, an entrance hall. 2. §A
house, a palace.
atrocltas, atis. f. Violence, atrocity. 2. Fierceness, cruelty, severity.
atroclter, cius, cissime. adv. Atrociously, severely, cruelly.
tatrophus, a, um. [a T^e'^ai]. Labouring under atrophy.
Atropos, i./ One of the Kates.
atrox, 8ci«. adj. 1. Atrocious, cruel, severe, fierce. 2. Terrible, for
midable (of danger, etc.). 3. §Resolute, firm.
attactus, us. m. Touch.
attagen, is, m., /. attagena, as. A sort of grouse.
Attallcus, a, um. adj. 1. Of Attalus, king of Pergamus. 2. (Of gar
ments, etc.) Embroidered with gold: Attalicis conditionibus nimquam
dimoveas, you would never persuade him, not even by promising him the
riches of Attalus, Hor.
attamen. adv. But yet, yet, nevertheless.
Jattegiae. arum. A Moorish cottage, a cottage, a hut.
tattemperate. adv. In the nick of time.
attendo. is, di, turn v. a. 1. To bend, to direct 2. (Esp. nnimum,
or animo, or simply animum being understood) To attend, attend to, be
attentive, consider (sometimes c. ace. of the object), to notice.
attente, adv. Attentively, carefully.
attentio, onis./ Attention.
attento, as, v. a. 1. To attempt 2. To tempt, to negotiate with.
3. To make an attempt on, to attack, to assail.
attentus, a, um. part, of attendo, used as adj. 1. Attentive, careful.
2. Prudent diligent.
attenuate, adv. Briefly, concisely, simply.
attenuatio, onis./ 1. A diminution. 2. Conciseness, simplicity.
attenuatus, a, um. pari, of seq., also as adj. Attenuated, meagre (lit and
metaph.).
attenuo, as. v. a. 1. To make thin, to lessen, to diminish, to weaken, to
compress, to abridge.
attero. is. trlvi, nn.i Sterui, tritum. r. (i. 1 . To rub, rub against 2.
(To rub so as) To bruise. 3. To wear away, to weaken to impair; (in
pass.) to be trampled on.
attestor, arts. v. dtp. 1. To attest, to bear witness. 2. To call to
witness, to summon as a witness.
attexo, is, ni, xtuin. r. a. 1. To weave, to weave in addition. 2. To
add.
Attnis, Idis,/. adj. Athenian, an Athenian woman. 2. JA nightingale.
3. ,' A swallow.
 ATT — AUC 49
attlce. adv. In the Athenian manner, in the Attic dialect.
tatticisso, as. r. ». To imitate the Attic manner or dialect.
Attlcus, a, um. adj. Athenian, Attic.
attineo, es, ui. flit pert. vert. 1. To hold, to detain, to keep. 2. To
reach to, extend to. lmpers. attinet. 1. (c ad and ace) It concerns, it
belongs to. 2. (Esp. c. nihil) It is of consequence— Quid attinuit ? what
did it signify, what good did it do? Cic.
attingo, is. tl'gi, tectum, v. a. 1. To touch, to come in contact with.
2. To reach. 3. To be close to, to border on. 4. To touch upon
(in speaking). 5. To touch, to affect (the mind, feelings, etc.). 6. To
attempt, to undertake. 7. To arrive at, attain to. 8. To concern.
9. To attack.
attollo, is. no perf. or sup. r. a. 1. To lift up, to raise np, to raise. 2.
To build. 3. To extol. 4. §Attollo me, to rise.
attondeo, es, di, sum. 1. To shear, to prune. 2. To browse on, to
nibble. 3. To diminish. 4. +To cheat. 5. JTo beat.
attonitus, a, um. part, from attono, but used as adj. 1. Thunderstruck,
astonished, stupined. 2. Made frantic.
gattono, as, ui, Itum. v. a. To astonish, to bewilder, to render frantic.
attorqueo, es, si, turn. v. a. To hurl, to hurl at.
attraho, is. xi, ctum. v. a. To draw, to draw up, to draw to, to drag ;
(tnetapb.) to attract, to allure.
attrectatus, us. m. Touch, touching.
attrecto. as. v. a. To touch, to handle. To seiie, to appropriate—Aspi-
citur, non attrectatnr, it is visible, not palpable, Tac.
attrepido, as. v. n. To hobble along.
attrlbuo, if, ui, utum. v. a, I. To assign, to allot, to give. 2. To
pay. 3. To attribute, to impute. 4. (In pass.) To be assessed (c.
in and ace of the sum at which).
attrlbutio. onis. /. 1. An assignment (esp. of a debt). 2. (In logic)
An accident, a predicable.
attrlbutum, i. A predicable.
attritus, a. um. part, from attero, used as adj. c compar. I. Worn away
2. Rubbed bright. 3.J§Worn callous, shameless.
Jattritus, us. m. Rubbing, a gall.
auceps, upis. m. [avis capio.] 1. A fowler, a birdcatcher. 2. JAn
eavesdropper : auceps syllabarum, a wordcatcher, a quibbler, Cic
tSauctificus, a, um. adj. Causing increase.
auctio. onis. f. An auction.
a action arias, a, um. adj. Of an auction.
auctionor, aril. r. dep. To put up to auction, to sell by auction.
taucto. as, and ^auctJto. as. r. a. To increase.
auctor, oris. m. (but used also of women, goddesses, etc.). 1. An origi
nator, author, creator, maker, doer, cause, a founder (of a family, etc, or ol
a city). 2. An adviser, teacher, example. 3. An author, writer
(esp. an historian). 4. An informant 5. The author or proposer (of
a law, etc). 6. A champion, a protector : me auctore, by my advice, I
having proposed or carried the measure, Cic ; diis auctoribus, by favour of,
under the protection of the gods. (In legal language.) 1. An owner.
2. A guardian, a trustee (of women or minors).
auctoramentum, i n. Pay, wages.
auctoritas, atis. /. 1. Authorship, origin. 2. Opinion, advice. 3.
Authority, decision. 4. Authority, power, influence. 5. Influence
as an example ; example, precedent. 6. Legal ownership : attende jam
quam ego defugiam auctoritatem consulatns mei, listen and see how far I
shirk the responsibility of my consulship, Cic
atundratus, a, um. Bound, hired out.
auctus, a, um. part. pott, of augeo, used as adj. c. compar. Increased :
auctius atque Di melius fecere, the gods have dealt more liberally and better
with us, Hor.
■
50 A U C — AUG
ductus, us. m. Increase, growth.
Jaucupatorius, a, um. adj. Belonging to fowling, to bird-catching.
aucupium, i. n. 1. Fowling, bird-catching. 2. Hunting or catching
at anything : aucupium delectationis, a seeking to please people, Cic.
+aucupo, as, in purer ages aucupor. aril. v. dtp. 1. To go fowling.
2. To hunt for, to seek to get, to look for, to catch at.
audacia, 89./. Audacity, boldness (sometimes in a good sense).
audaclter, and sync, audacter. adv. Audaciously, boldly (often in a good
sense).
audax, acis. adj. [audeo.] Daring, bold, audacious (often in a good sense).
audens, entia. pra.part. of audeo, used also as adj. c. compar. Bold,
fearless.
Jaudenter. adv. Boldly.
jandentia, SB./ Boldness.
audeo, es, ausui sum. pies. subj. sometimes ausim. v.n. 1. To dare.
2. To be daring, bold.
audiens, entia. part, from audio, used also as adj. Obedient (c gen.), also
as subst.) an auditor, a hearer.
audientia, ae. A hearing, a patient bearing: facit sibi audientiam, he ob
tains or commands a hearing, Cic.
audio, is, ivi. itum. v. a. 1. To hoar, to listen to. 2. To be a pupil
of. 3. To obey (c. ace, sometimes c. dat., esp. in the phrase dicto
audiens). 4. To listen to approvingly, to agree with, to approve : bene
audire, to be well spoken of, Cic; esse quod audis, to be what you are said
to be, Hor.
anditio, onia. / 1. A hearing, a listening to. 2. A report. 3. A
lecture.
auditor, oris. m. 1. A hearer, a listener. 2. A pupil.
^auditorium, i. 1. An auditory, an audience. 2. A lecture-room.
audltus. us. m. 1. The sense of hearing, the act of hearing. 2. A
report.
aufero, fers, abstuli, ablatum. v. a. 1 . To take away, to take off (even
by death), to carry off, to carry away. 2. (Esp. what is not one's own)
To carry off, to steal. 3. To bear off ; i. e. to obtain. 4. To carry
away; i. e. to become acquainted with (a fact), to learn.
auiugio, la, fugi, fugltum. v. n. and a. To flee from, to flee, to escape.
augeo, es, zi, ctum. old pra. subj. auxim. v. a. 1. To increase, aug
ment, enlarge. 2. To enrich (often c. divitiis). 3. To increase the
power of, to promote, to exalt, to advance. 4. (r. n.) To grow, to be
come larger, more powerful (rare, but in Sail.): animus augetux, their
courage rises, Liv.
augesco, is. no perf. To become greater, to increase, to grow, to rise.
faugmen, inis. »., and Jaugmentum, i. Increase.
augur, uris. m. [avis garrio.] One who derives omens from the voices of
birds, a soothsayer, an augur, a diviner, a prophet.
auguralis, e. adj. Of a soothsayer, of augury, (neul. as subsl.) I. The
part of the camp where the general took the auguries. 2. JThe gene
ral's tent.
auguratio, onis. /. Augury, a taking auguries.
augurato. adv. After taking the auguries, with the auguries favourable.
augiiratus, us. m. The office of augur.
augurium, in, 1 . Augury, an omen derived from augury. 2. The
augur's art or profession, the art of divination. 3. Au augury, a certain
expectation.
augurius, a, um. adj. (very rare). Of an augur.
auguro, as. 1. To consult, to provide for by means of augurs, to con
secrate in the auguries, esp. iu past. pass. 2, To presage, to forebode,
to augur.
auguror, aria. v. dtp. 1. To take auguries or omens. 2. To augur, to
forebode, to foresee.
 AUG — A TJ R 51
♦Augusta, as. The title assumed by the mother, wife, daughter, or siiter of
the Emperor; the name, too, of several towns, followed by the gen. pi. of
the district or tribe in which they were: as, Augusta Taurinorum, Turin;
Aug. Trevirorum, Treves; Aug. Vindelicorum, Augsburg; 01 joined to a
distinguishing epithet, as, Aug. Pretoria, Aosta.
^Augustalis. e. adj. Of Augustus, in honour of Augustus.
augustani, arum. pi. m. 1. A body of knights formed in the time of
Nero, his chief flatterers. 2. The inhabitants of the towns called
Augusta.
anguste. adv. Reverentially, in a sacred manner.
Augustus, a, urn. adj. 1. Sacred, entitled to reverence. 2. August,
majestic, venerable. 3. Of the emperor.
Augustus, i. m. 1. The title of the Emperor. 2. August, the month
called Sextilis before, as in Horace.
aula, as./: 1. The front or outer court of a house; also, the inner court,
the hall. 2. A yard for cattle. 3. A palace, and (metaph.) the
court, the royal dignity, the body of courtiers : qui turn aula et novo rege
potiebntur, who at that time had complete influence at court and over
the new king, Tac.
aulasum, in. A curtain, a canopy : aulas premuntur, the play begins,
Hor. ; aulaeum tollitur, the play is over, Cic. (because in the Roman thea
tres the curtain was drawn down, not up, to clear the stage.)
*aulicus, a, urn. Belonging to the court.
anlaedus. i. [auAis fUl.] One who sings to a flute.
aura, 8S./ [aCpa.] 1. A breeze, a breath of air, air, wind: popularis
aura, the breeze of popular favour, popularity, Hor., Virg. ; aura non consilio
ferri, he began to be influenced by a desire of popularity, not by any
settled plan, Liv. 2. The breath. 3. The air, the sky. 4. The
air of life (vitales auras carpis, you live, Virg.; superas veniebat ad auras,
she was coming to the upper air, i. e. to life again, Virg.; omnia ferre
sub auras, to reveal everything, Virg,; auras ssgra fugit, sick at heart she
shuns the light of day, Virg.). 5. A gleam : auri aura, a gleam of gold,
Virg. ; so, aura libertatis, a gleam or glimpse of liberty, Liv. ; clamantis
aura puellas, the faint sound of the voice of a maiden, Prop. 6. An ex
halation, an odour.
tanrarius, a, run. Of gold, concerning gold, (f. as subsi.) a gold mine.
Jauratura, as. A gilding.
auratus, a, urn. adj. 1. Ornamented with gold, gilt. 2. Wearing
anything gilt, as aurati milites, soldiers with gilt shields, Liv.
aureus, and dim. aurefilus, a, urn. adj. 1. Golden. 2. Gilt, with
gilt ornaments. 3. Of golden colour. 4. Beautiful, excellent, suited to
the golden age ; qui nunc te fruitur credulus aurea, who now enjoys you
in a jroiden, an excellent humour, Hor.
faarfcomus. a, in, adj. With gulden hair, or golden leaves.
auricula, 83. f. The ear, the lobe o> the ears.
aurifer. era, erum. Bearing gold, producing gold.
aurifex. Ids. m. [aurum facio.] A goldsmith.
Jaurlfodlna, as. f. A gold-mine.
auriga, as, nt. / (from an old word aurea. a bridle). 1. A driver, a cha
rioteer, (metaph. ) a strerer. 2. A groom. 3. A constellation.
*aurigarius, i. m. A charioteer in chariot-races.
Jaurigatio. finis. /. A driving of a chariot in races.
aurlger, era, erum. Bearing gold, with golden horns.
~anrigo. as. v. n. To drive a chariot, in a chariot-race.
auric, is. f. 1. An ear. 2. The ear, or earthboard of a plough: sive
etiam auribus Vari scrviunt, or if they only speak to please Varus, Cic. ;
so, hoc auribus tuis dare, to say this to flatter you, Cic. ; dicere in aurem
(Hor.), ad aurem (Cic), in aure (Juv.), to whisper [aderatum tibi jam
faro omnem metum], in aurem utramvis otiose ut dormias, so that you may
sleep soundly on either ear, i. e. quite undisturbed, Ter.
E 2
52 AUR-AUX
tauriscalpium, i An ear-picker.
Jauritulus, i. A long-eared animal, an ass.
aurftus, a, tun. adj. With long cars, with attentive ears, listening.
aurora, m. f. 1 . Dawn, daybreak. 2. §The east.
Burura, i. 1. Gold, anything made of gold, gold plate, money, etc
2. §The golden age. 3. Anything of the colour of gold.
auscultator, oris. m. A hearer, a listener.
ausculto, as. r. a. To listen, to listen to, to hear (c ace.). 2. To obey
(c ace, more rarely c. dat.).
auaim. pra. tubj. from audeo, q. v.
auspex, Icis. m. f. [avis specio.) 1. A soothsayer who derived his
omens from seeing the flight of birds, a soothsayer (used by Plin. of the
birds themselves who gavrf the auspices). 2. The witness to a marriage
(who took care that the auspices were properly taken, etc.). 3. §An
author, founder, leader in any work.
auspicate adv. 1. After duly consulting the auspice*. 2. .U-
spicinusly.
ausplcatus, a, tun. adj. 1. Consecrated, favoured by auspices. 2. JAb-
spicious.
auspicium. La. 1. A consulting the auspices. 2. The omen or token
given by the auspices, an omen : habere auspicia, to have a right to take the
auspices, i. e. to be in office (esp. of military command, Cic, Liv.). 3. (Me-
taph.) Authority, office, command — Me si fata meis paterentur ducere vitan
anspiciis, if the fates allowed me to live according to my own inclination,
Virg.
+ausp!co, as. r. a., more usn. ausplcor, aril. v. dtp. 1. To take the
auspices. 2. (As they were taken at the beginning of an undertaking)
To begin.
anster, tri. m. 1. The south wind. 2. The south.
austere, adv. Austerely, vigorously, morosely.
tausteritas, atis. /. 1. Sourness. 2. Austerity, harshness.
austerus. a, urn. adj. 1. Sour. 2. Harsh, austere. 3. Grave, dig
nified (of style). 4. Vexatious, irksome.
australis, e, and aus trinus. a, tun. adj. Southern.
ansnm, i. A daring attempt, an enterprise.
ausus, a, tun. part, from audeo, q. v.
ant. mnj. Or: aut...aut, either... or, (when connecting a weaker word
with a stronger) or at least; a ce postulari aut expectari aliquid suspicantor,
they suspect that something is demanded of, or at least expected from them,
Cic; (after non or nee) nor. " Aut indicates a difference of the object, vel
a difference of expression." Zumpt, § 336.
autem. conj. But, yet (" marking a transition in a narrative or argument,
and denoting at once a connection and an opposition; whereas sed inter
rupts the narrative or argument," Zumpt, § 348.), moreover, on the other
hand ; [quid tandem isti mali in tarn tenera insula non fecissent ?] non
fecissent nutem ? immo quid ante adventum meum non fecerunt ? would
have done, do I say ? nay, what harm did they not actually do before my
arrival ? Cic.
authepsa, 89. f. A cooking utensil, a stewpan.
Jautographus, a, um. adj. [aires ypiipu.] Written with a person's own
hand.
^automaton, i. n. [afrrbs navSiva.] An automaton.
autumo. as. r. o. 1. To think. 2. To assert. 3. To call.
auxlliaris, e. adj. Auxiliary, assisting, helpful; (pl.ni., as subst) auxiliary
troops.
auxlliarius, a, um. adj. Auxiliary.
Jauxiliator. aris. m. A helper, an auxiliary.
auxllior, aris. v. dcp. To help, aid, assist (c. dat.).
auxflium, i. *. 1. Help, aid, assistance. 2. (PI.) Auxiliary troops:
infirmis auxiliis, with a weak force, Cees.
 AVA-AXD 53
Svare. adv. Covetously, avariciously.
avaritia, aj. and favarlties, ei. /. Covetousness, avarice, greediness.
avarus. a. am. adj. Avaricious, covetous, greedy (often c. gen. not always
in a bad sense).
aveho. is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To carry away, off. 2. (In pass.) To
depart.
ayello, is, li, valgum, r. a. To pull away, to tear away, to separate, to
detach,
svvena, a». / 1. Oats. 2. Wild oats, tares. 3. A pipe, a flute
(Milton says, And now my oat proceeds).
lavenaceus. and *avenarius, a, am. Of oats,
aveo, es. no perf. v.n. 1. To wish, to be desirous, to be eager. 2. (In
tapers.) Ilail, farewell (very rarely),
avermnco, as. v. a. To avert (an old religious word).
+§aversabllis, e. adj. Detestable.
Javersatio, onis. /. Detestation, aversion.
^aversio, onis. / A digression,
aversor, axis. v. dtp. 1. To turn away (esp. in dislike or disapprobation).
2. To reject, to repulse. 3. To dislike.
aversor, oris. m. An embezzler.
•versus, a, am. part. putt, from averto (used also as adj.). 1. Turned
away (of that part which is turned away, i. e. the back) : aversi, turning
away their heads, Virg.; et adversus et aversus, before and behind, Cic;
aversos hostes agirredi, to attack the enemy in the rear, Cic; a versos bovea
traxit, he dragged the oxen backward, Li v.; a versa insula, the further side
of the island, Liv. 2. Averse to, unfriendly to, hostile (c. dat, c ab
and abl. or sine c).
averto, is, ti, sum. v. a. 1. To turn away, aside (c ab and abl. of the
more remote object, more rarely c. abl. sine prep.). 2. To avert.
3. To divert (from one purpose to another). 4. To repel, to put to
flight. 5. To embezzle, to appropriate. 6. To carry off, to steal.
7. To alienate, to estrange : fontes avertitur, he turns from, shuns the
springs, Virg.; avertens (as v. n.), turning away, Virg.
avia, 89. / A grandmother.
aviarium, i. ». 1. A haunt of birds. 2. JAn aviary.
avide. adv. Greedily, eagerly.
aviditas, atis. / 1. Greediness, eager desire. 2. Covetousness.
3. Gluttony,
avidus, a, am. adj. 1. Greedy, very desirous of. 2. Covetous. 3.
Gluttonous. 4. fVery large.
avis. is. / 1. A bird. 2. An omen (because omens were taken from
birds),
ivltus, a, am. adj. That has belonged to one's grandfather, ancestral.
avius, a, am. adj. 1. Out of the way, lonely, pathless. 2. t Wander
ing out of the way.
avocatio, onis. / That which calls one off from, interruption,
avoco. as. r.a. 1. To call away, to call off. 2. To separate, to detach.
3. To divest (the mind from its previous thoughts or occupations), to
distract
avolo, as. v. n. 1. To fly off, away. 2. To hasten away.
Javulsio, onis./ A slip torn off from a plant,
avunculus, i. m. An uncle on the mother's side,
amis, i. m. A grandfather. 2. An ancestor (esp. in pi.),
axilla, ee./ The armpit,
axis, is. m. 1. An axle-tree. 2. §A chariot, carriage, wagon. 3.
The axis of the earth, the poles. 4. tJEsp. the north pole. 5. §The
tky, the heavens : nudoque sub setheris axe, and in the open air, Virg.;
axis Boreas, the north, Or.; axis Hesperius, the west, Or. 6. A plant,
a beam. 7. JThe pin of a hinge.
Jaxungia, as./ Grease for wheels.
.3
54 BAB— BAR

B.

B&bylonlcus and BabylSnius, a, no. adj. Of Babylon ; (n. pi as mart.)

richly embroidered robes or curtains,
bacca, 89./ 1. A berry. 2. Any frnit (etp. an olive). 3. A brad,
esp. a pearl.
Jbaccalis, e. adj. Bearing berries,
baccar, aris. n. A sweet herb, a kind of spikenard,
baccatus, a, urn. adj. Adorned with pearls.
^Baccliabundus, a, am. adj. Boisterous, like a Bacchanalian.
Bacchanal, alis. n. (sing, only in Plaut). 1. A place sacred to Bacchus.
2. (In pi.) A festival of Bacchus, Bacchanalian orgies : qui Bacchanalia
vivunt, who live like Bacchanalians (i. e. riotously). Jut.
Bacchatio, oiiis. /. Revelling like that of Bacchanalians, riotous conduct.
Bacchor, aria. v. dep. 1. To celebrate a festival of Bacchus. 2. To
shout in honour of Bacchus. 3. To revel, live riotously, be riotous.
4. To rare, to rage: Bacchatur fama per urbem, report flies rapidly
through the city. Virg.
Bacchus, i. in. The god of wine. 2. § Wine. 3. §The vine,
ibaccifer, era, erum. adj. Bearing berries,
baculum and dim. bacillum, in. A stick, a staff, a wand.
badius. a, urn. adj. Chestnut or bay (only of the colour of a horse).
JBaeticatus, a, am. adj. Clothed in garments made of wool from the plains
of the Bastis or Guadalquivir in Spain.
+Jbajulo, aa. v. a. To carry at a porter or a beast of burden,
bajulus. i. m. A porter,
balaena. m. f. A whale.
Jbalanatus, a, am. adj. Anointed with balsam oil (v. seq.).
balanlmis, a, am. adj. Made of the balanus (q. v.).
balans, antis. part. pres. from bain, used also as subst. A sheep,
balanus, i. /. 1. The bennut, yielding a balsamic oiL 2. JThe date.
balatro, onis. m. A buffoon, a vagabond,
balatos, us. m. Bleating,
balbe. adv. Stammeringly.
balbua, a, am. adj. Stammering, stuttering, lisping,
balbatio, It. r. a. To stammer, to lisp.
fbaliolus, a, am. adj. Swarthy.
balista, 89. / [/3iAAw.] A warlike engine to burl large darts or stones,
tbalistarium, in. A balista.
balnearius. a. am. adj. Of a bath, lurking about a bath, etc
balneator. oris. A bath-keeper.
balneum, and balnea, arum, and dim. balneolum, i. A bath,
balo, as. v. n. To bleat.
Jbalsamlnus, a. am. adj. Of balsam,
balsamum, i. Balsam,
balteus, i. pi. i and a. A belt ; prop, a sword-belt, but used also of women"s
girdles.
Jbaptisterium, i. [/3a»r».] A bathing vessel, a bathing place,
tbarathro, onis. m. A worthless fellow,
barathrum, i. n. 1. A gulf, a deep pit. 2. §A whirlpool: barathrum
macclh, the glutton of the market,
barba, 89./ 1. A beard. 2. J(In pi.) The wattlea of a cock : sapi-
entem pasccre barbam, to study philosophy, because tbe philosophers wore
beards, jlor.; dignus barba majorum, rivalling the virtue of the men of old,
because the early Romans wore long beards, Juv.
 BAR — BEL 55
barbare. adv. 1. Like a barbarian. 2. Cruelly.
barbaria, se, and §barbaries, ei. 1. Any land of barbarians. 2.
Barbarism. 3. A want of civilisation, rudeness. 4. Barbarity,
cruelty,
barbaricus, a, um. adj. Barbaric, foreign, in the mouth of a Greek (as of a
character in a play, etc.), even Roman, Italian,
barbarisxnus, i. m. A barbarism, a foreign way of speaking,
barbarus, a, um. adj. 1. Barbaric, foreign (even of Roman opp. to Gre
cian). 2. Uncivilised, unpolished. 3. Barbarous, savage; (m. as
.■:'''>'.), a barbarian, a foreigner.
barbatus, a, am, and dim. barbatulus, a, um. Having a beard, bearded
(of animals as well as of men) : barbati illi, our old-fashioned ancestors,
Cic.
t§barblger, era, erum. adj. Bearded.
§barbHos, i./, more rarely on, i. n. [Pdpffhos.] A harp, a lyre.
barbula. ee.f., dim. of barba. A little beard.
Jbardaicus, i. A soldier's boot
Jbardocucullus, i. A coarse cloak with a hood, worn in Gaul,
bardus, a, um. adj. Stupid.
baris, Idis./ [$apis.] A small row-boat used in Egypt.
ban, onis. m. A blockhead, a fooL
Jbarritus, us. m. 1. The cry of the elephant. 2. The battle-cry of the
Germans.
+baeilice. adv. 1. Royally. 2. Utterly,
•(-basilicas, a, am. adj. [6offiA«ui.] Royal, magnificent ; (ra. as subst.) the
best throw on the dice ; (f. as sulist. used in Cic) a public building in the
forum, with double colonnades, a portico, a basilica ; the first was built by
Cato Censor A. u. c 568, and called Basilica Portia.
Jbasiliscus, i. A basilisk, a kind of lizard,
fcbasio, as. e. a. To kiss.
basis, is./ [flaais. ] A pedestal, a base, a foundation, the chord of au arc
§basium, i. n. A kiss.
batillam, u 1. A chafing-dish. 2. A shovel.
•f-batiola, te.f. A drinking cup.
Jbatis, Idis. / A kind of ray (fish) : batis marina, samphire.
Battiades, se. m. Callimachus, son of Battus.
batuo, is. v. a. To beat, to strike.
fbaubor, aria. v. dep. To bark,
tbaxea. ee.f. A kind of shoe.
+ ^bdellium, L The vine palm; used by Plaut. as a term of endearment,
beate. adv. Happily.
beatltas, atis,/, and beatltudo, inis. Blessedness, happiness.
beatus, a, am, and dim. JSbeatulus, a, am. 1. Happy, blessed. 2.
Rich.
Bebrycius, a, am. adj. Bithyniun, from Bebryz, an ancient king of Bi-
thynia.
-f+bellaria, drum. pi. n. Sweetmeats, dessert.
bellator, oris, m., / bellatriz, icis. 1. A warrior. 2. A chess
man ; (as mate, and fern, alj.) warlike: bellator equus, a warhorse, Virg.
+beUatulus, a, um. adj. Pretty.
J.beUax. acis. adj. Warlike.
belle."./-. 1. Prettily, neatly, elegantly. 2. Foppishly,
belllcosus, a, am, and bellicus, a, urn. Warlike, belonging to, derived
from war ; n. bellicum (as su!>st.), the signal for war, the war trumpet :
canit bellicum, he sounds the alarm, Cic.
Jbelllger, era, erum. Warlike,
belllgero, as. v. n. To wage war.
§belUp5tens, entis. adj. Mighty in war, warlike; (as subst.) Mars,
bello, as. v. n., and sbellor, aris. v. dep. To wage war, to fight : quoad
bellatum esset, till the war was over i more usu. debsllatum essct), Liv.
K 4
66 BEL — BIB
bellum, i. n. 1. War. 2. § Battle: belli, in time of war, in or by
■war.
bellus, a, um. and dim. tbellulns, a, m adj. 1. Pretty. 2. Pretty
looking, pleasant. 3. In good condition, fresh.
belua, as. A beast, esp. a large beast, a monster; (metapb.) an odious
man.
+beluatus, a, am. adj. Ornamented with figures of beasts.
beluosus, a, ura. adj. Fall of large beasts or monsters.
bene. comp. melius, superl. optlme. adv. 1. Well, bravely, cleverly,
agreeably, advantageously, successfully. 2. Very : bene habemus, bene
habet, bene est (subaud. nobis, which is sometimes expressed), matters go
well with us, we are well off, Cic; so, bene agitur, Ter.; bene emo, bene
vendo, to buy or sell so as to make a good bargain, Cic. j vix bene, scarcely,
Ov. See benedico, benefacio.
Jbenedice. adv. Speaking civilly, affably.
benedico. is, xi, ctum. v. a. (often written separately). 1. To speak well
of, to praise (c. dat.). 2. To speak words of good omen.
•fbenedictum, i. n. Praise.
benefacio, Is, feci, factum, pass., fbenefio, is, often written separately.
To do good to, to benefit (c. dat.).
benefactum, in. 1. A good deed, a virtuous action. 2. A benefit, a
service.
beneficentia, m.f. Beneficence, kindness.
beneficiarins, i. One who has been promoted through the favour of some
particular person mentioned.
benef icium, i. 1. A kindness, a service, a benefit: benencio tuo salvus,
saved, by your exertions, Cic. 2. Power, right of promoting, promotion,
esp. in the army : cum suo magno beneficio esset, as he was under great
obligations to him for his promotion, Cic; quae an tea dictatorum et con
silium ferme fuerant beneficia, offices which had been generally hitherto in
(he gift of the dictators and consuls, Liv. 3. Persons so promoted: in
benefices delatus est, he was returned in the list of those to be promoted,
Cic; magna esse Pompeii beneficia et magnas clientelas in citeriore pro*
vincia sciebat, he knew that there were many who owed their promotion
to Pompey, and many of his clients in the nearer province, Cass.
bJnef icus, a, nm, comp. centior, sup. centissimus. adj. Doing good, kind,
beneficent.
benevole. adv. Kindly, benevolently.
benevolens, entis, and vblus, a, nm, compar. entior, sup. entissimus. adj.
Benevolent, kind, friendly, well affected (sometimes c. dat.).
benevolentia, m.f. Benevolence, kindness, friendship.
benigne. adv. 1. Kindly, favourably, courteously, liberally; (in answer to
an invitation, etc) no, I thank you.
benignitas, atis. / Kindness, friendliness, courtesy, liberality.
bSnignus, a, nm. adj. ]. Kind, friendly, courteous, liberal, favourable.
2. Abundant.
§beo, as. v. a. To make happy, to bless.
beryllus. i. ire. 1. A beryl. 2. A ring with a beryl set in it.
bes, bessis. in. 1. Two-thirds of an as, or of any weight or measure ;
eight ounces, etc. 2. Eight: fenus ex triente factum erat bessibus,
interest had now risen from four to eight per cent., Cic
Jbessalis, e. adj. Eight inches long, or ounces in weight.
bestia, se. /., and dim. bestiilse. A beast, opp. to man, esp. a wild
beast.
bestiarins, i. One who fought with wild beasts in the public games.
beta, 83. / Beetroot.
**, indecl. [0 ] The second letter of the alphabet in Greek.
'61a, aj./ The birch.
5theca, 93./ [$ifiKu>v t/0t»«.] A library, a bookcase.
is, bi, bibltum. v. a. To drink, to imbibe, to drink in.
 BIB — BIP 57
blbulus, a, nm. adj. 1. Drinking, fond of drinking (sometimes c. g€n.)'
2. Thirsty, absorbing (as the sand absorbs moisture, as wool absorbs a
dye, asbea what is poured on them, etc.) : bibula charts, blotting-paper,
Plin. : bibulae aures, eager ears, Pen.
biceps, Ipitis. adj. 1. With two heads. 2. With two peaks (of a
mountain).
bicolor, oris. adj. Of two colours.
(i bicornlger, era, erum. adj. With two horns.
Mcornis, e. adj. 1. With two horns. 2. With two prongs. 3. With
two mouths (of a river),
bicorpor, oris adj. With two bodies,
bldens, entis. adj. 1, With two teeth. 2. With two prongs, (as
mist., m.) a two-pronged fork ; (/) a sheep,
bldental, alis. n. A place where any one had been struck by lightning.
blduus, a, am. Lasting two days ; (n. as subst.) two days.
biennium, i. n. A period of two years.
bifariam. adv. In two parts, in two divisions, in two places, Jtwice.
olfer, era, erum. adj. Bearing a crop twice a year.
Mfidus, a, um. adj. [findo.] Divided, cloven in two parts.
biforis, e. adj. 1. With two doors, two openings. 2. Of unequal
sound, harsh,
blformatus, a, um, and biformis, e. adj. With two shapes, with two kinds
of bodies joined together: Jane biformis, Janus with two faces, Or.;
biformis vates, half poet, half swan, Hor.
bifrons, tis. adj. With two faces,
blfureus, a, um. adj, With two prongs, forked,
blgse, arum. pi./. ; also ibiga, ue. tag. A pair of horses, a pair-horse
chariot,
bigatns. a, um. adj. With a biga marked on it (of a coin),
bljfigis, e, and gbljugus a, um. adj. 1. Yoked in pairs. 2. Drawn by
a pair of horses ; (bijugi as tabst.) horses.
bTITbrse, amm.;J./. Two pounds weight.
biiinguis, e. adj. J. Speaking two languages. 2. Double-tongued,
treacherous,
bilis, is./ 1. Bile. 2. Anger, indignation: atra bilis, melancholy
and +anger.
bllix, icis [licium.] adj. With two threads.
bllustris, e. adj. Lasting two years ; i. e. two lustra,
bim axis, e. adj. Lying between two seas.
Mmaritus, i. m. The husband of two wives,
bimatris, e. adj. Having or having had two mothers.
Jbimatus, us. m. The age of two years,
blmembris, e. adj. Having limbs of two kinds of animals ; (m. as subst.) n
Centaur.
blmestris, e. adj. Lasting two months, two months old, coming to maturity
in two months (as a crop, etc),
blmus, a, um. and dim. bimulus, a, um. Two years old, lasting two years :
Hortensium roges ut de hac sentential bima recedat, beg Hortensium to
abandon the idea of voting for the extension of my command to a second
year, Cic
bini, as, a. pi. adj., + once in sing. Two, a pair, in pairs, two and two.
Jblnoctium, i. n. A period of two nights.
§MnomInis, e. adj. Having two names.
Bioneus, a, um. wij. 1. Of Bion, a satirical philosopher. 2. Satirical.
blpalium. Lb. A pickaxe with two ends.
bipalmii. e. adj. Two palms wide, or long,
blpaxtio, is. r. a. To divide into two parts,
bipartite adv. In two divisions, in two parts.
Iblpatens, entis. adj. Having two entrances: porta bipatentes, double,
folding doors, Virg,
58 BIP — BON
blpedalis. a. adj. Two feet in extent, long, wide, thick, etc.
§blpennlfer, era, erum. <ulj. Bearing an axe.
bipennis. is. adj. Double-edged ; (as subsL) an axe.
blpes, edis. adj. Two footed, having two fret : bipei Melius, a two-footed
ass, i. e. a man, Jut.; bipedes equi, seals, Virg.
biremis, is. adj. With two oars, with two banks of oars; (as subst) a boat,
a galley.
bis. adv. Twice : bis consul, a man who has completed his second consul
ship, Cic; bis ad eundem (a proverb, lapidem offendere being understood),
to split on the same rock, commit the same blunder twice, Cic
Bistonius, a, uni /. also Bistonis, Idis. adj. Tliracian.
blsulcus, a, am, adj. Furrowed, divided into two parts, cloven, forked.
fbito, as. v. n. To go.
bitumen, Inis. n. Bitumen, pitch.
Sbituiiuucus, a, tun, and ^Mtumlnatus, a, ran, Bituminous.
J^blvertex, Icis. adj. With two peaks or summits.
blvium, 0. n. A place where two roads meet
blvius, a, am, adj. Having two ways, two roads.
blsesus, a, am. adj. Lisping, inarticulate.
blande, and fblandltar. adr. Gently, kindly, courteously.
+blandidlcus, a, am. adj. Speaking gently, courteous.
blandil oquentia, as. /. Gentle, courteous language.
■fblandiloquus, a, tun. adj. Speaking gently, courteously.
blandlmentum, i. n. 1. Blandishment, flattery, allurement, charm. 2.
t( In pi.) Provocatives to the appetite. 3. JCare in cultivation.
blandior, iris. i1. dep. 1. To soothe, to caress. 2. To flatter, to
humour, to indulge (c. dat. also) : columns: blandiuntur inter se, doves
caress one another, Plin. 3. JTo allure, to attract (sine c. tr.).
blanditia. SB. /'. 1. Caressing, wheedling conduct, flattery, (oft. in pL)
caresses, blandishments, allurements.
fblanditim. adv. Caressingly, soothingly.
blandltnj, a, am. part, from blandior, used also as adj. Delightful.
blandus, a, am. adj. Caressing, gentle, bland, soft, flattering, alluring,
attractive.
blatero, as. .-. a. 1. To bawl out % To chatter.
blatio, Is. v. a. To chatter.
blatta, »./ 1. A moth. 2. A beetle.
fblennui, a. am. adj. Stupid, foolish.
fbllteas, a, am. adj. Stupid, foolish.
{blltam. i. n. A kind of beetroot
boarias, a, am. adj. Of cattle, for cattle.
bocchus, i. m. A plant named after Bocchns, king of Mauritania.
iBiEbeius, and Bcebicius. a, am. Thessalian, from the lake Bcebeif.
Bccotarches. se. m. [/3oiwtos apx".] The chief magistrate of Bceotia.
Bceotus. a, am. am. m., also on, and Bceotius, a, am. adj. Bceotian.
+boia>, arum. / A collar worn as a punishment by slaves.
{boletus, i. A mushroom.
{bolis, Idis./ [$dWu.] A streamer of light shooting across the sky, a
meteor.
++bolus, i. m. [fiiWa.'i 1. A throw (of the dice). 2. A cast (of a
net), a draught of fishes. 3. A bait. 4. Gain, profit
+bolus, i. m. [0u>\os.) A lump, a morsel.
Jbomblto, as. v. n. To buzz, to hum.
bombus. i. A humming noise ( applied to the music of horns).
^bombyclnus, a, am. adj. Of silk, silken; (n. as subst) a silk robe.
Jbombylius. i. m. A silkworm.
bombyz, ycis. m. (/ only in Plin.). I. A silkworm. 2. Silk, a silk
robe. 3. {Cotton.
bonitas, atil./ 1. Goodness of any sort, fertility of soil, productiveness
 BON — BRI 59
of trees, richness of voice, etc. etc. 2. Kindness, liberality. 3.
Honesty, integrity.
bonum, i. «. 1. Good, a good of any kind. 2. Advantage, service.
3. (In pi.) Goods, property.
bonus, a. urn. compar. melior, mptrl. optimal. 1. Good (in every sense) ;
pure (of the atmosphere) ; beautiful (of shape) ; wholesome (of food) ;
prosperous (of circumstances); abundant (of quantity), etc. 2. Virtuous,
honest, upright, brave, skilful. 3. Noble (of persons); of high rank and
position, rich. 4. Kind, liberal, friendly, favourable. 5. Useful, ser
viceable, fit, proper (sometimes c. ad and ace. of the object, or c. dat.) :
bona pars hominum, great part of mankind, Hor. ; dicamus bona verba,
let us speak words of good omen, Tib. For bona pax, bona venia, see pax,
venia.
§boo, as. v. n. To cry out, to exclaim, to roar.
BSreas, 88. ace. an. m. [^d/)eas.] 1. The north wind. 2. The north.
Boreas, a, tun. adj. 1. Of the north wind. 2. Northern.
bos, bovis, gen. pi. bourn, dat. bobns or bfibus. m.f. [jSoSs.] 1. A
bullock, bull, cow, or ox: bos clitellas, it is making an ox carry pan
niers, Cic; a proverb implying that a burden is put on a person to which
he is unstiited, as an ox is not formed to carry, but to draw. 2. A
large fish, a kind of turbot 3. +Bos Lucas, or Luca, an elephant, Lucr.
(so called because the Romans first saw them in Lucania in Pyrrhus's
army).
tbotellas. i, and botulus, i. m. A sausage.
Jbotryo, dnis. m, A bunch of raisins.
bo villus, a. am. adj. Of oxen, of cattle.
Jbiabenta, as. m. [J3paj8«i/s.] An umpire.
braces, arum. pl.f. Breeches.
braccatus. a, um. adj. Wearing breeches: braccati, the inhabitants of
Gallia Narbonenais, Juv. ; 0 braccatae cognationis dedecus, disgrace even to
your barbarous relations in Gaul, Cic; Gallia braccata, G. Narbonensis.
•f-Jbrachialis, e. adj. Belonging to, worn on the arm ; (n. as subst.) a
bracelet, an armlet.
brachium. dim. brachiolum, i 1. The forearm, the arm; used even of
the claws of animals, or of anything projecting like an arm, §of an arm
of the sea, §of a yard-arm. 2. A branch; used also of a branching
line of mountain, §or a Avail or outwork branching out from a general
line of fortification, a mole or pier, etc.: prsebuerim sceleri brachia nostra
tuo, I would have lent a hand to (i. e. assisted in) your crime, Ov.; rae
molli brachio objurgas, you reprove me gently, Cic; so, consules qui illnd
levi brachio egissent, the consuls who would have done that but negli
gently, Cic.
bractea, «e, dim. Jbracteola, m.f. A thin plate of metal, a thin layer of
anything: bractea viva, the golden fleece (of Spanish sheep), Mart,
tbraislca, 83. f. Cabbage.
Brenni, 6mm. m. A tribe in the Noric Alps.
♦breviarium, in. A summary, an epitome.
+brevlculun, a, am. adj. Short.
brevlloquens. entis. adj. Speaking concisely.
breviloquentia. ». Brevity in speaking, conciseness.
JbreVio, as. r. a. To shorten, to abridge.
brevis. e. adj. 1. Short, brief. 2. Shortlived, transitory. 3. Small,
scanty: (pi. n. brevia, as subst.) shallows, shoals: brevi, in a few words,
Cic; in a short time, soon, Caes.; in breve coactus, compressed into a
narrow space, Liv.
brevitas, atis./ 1. Brevity, shortness, conciseness. 2. Lowness of
stature.
breviter. adv. Shortly, briefly, in a small space.
{Brimo, us. A name of Hecate or Proserpine.
GO BRI-BUX
Britannus and Britannicus, a, um (but Brlto, a Briton, hat I long, Jut.
and Mart.), adj. British.
Brixianus, a, tun. Of Brixia, now Brescia.
+brocchus, a, um. adj. With projecting teeth, projecting (of teeth).
§Bromiua, La, A name of Bacchus,
brfima, m.f. Midwinter, winter,
brumalis, e. adj. Of winter, wintry,
brutus, a, um. ailj. 1. + Heavy. 2. Insensible, senseless, destitute of
rationality.
Jbubalus, i. in. A buffalo, or perhaps some of the larger sort of African an
telope, a springbok,
nubile, is. n. [bos.] A stable or stall for cattle, for oxen, cows, etc.
bubo, onis. m. (§very rarely f. ). An owl.
fSbubo, is. f. ii. To cry or bump as a bittern.
bubulcus, i. m. A cattledriver, a herdsman.
♦bubulo. as. v. n. [bubo.] To screech as an owl.
bubulus, a, um. Of oxen or cows, of cattle,
bubus. dot. and all. pi. from bos, q. v.
+bucaeda, S3, in. [bos cado.] One who has been beVen with a thong of
bull's hide,
bucca, se. f. A cheek : dicere quod in buccam veins "> say whatever comes
into one's head, Cic ; Curtius et Matho bucca*, Curtius and Matho mere
chatterers, Juv.
Jbuccella, ae. A mouthful, a morsel.
bucclna, ae./. A trumpet: ad tertiam buccinam, at the third watch (because
the trumpet gave the signal for changing the watches), Liv.
buccinator, oris. in. A trumpeter.
bucculo, ae f. 1. A cheek. 2. The beaver of a helmet,
•f-bucc'llentus, a, um. adj. and bucco, onis. m. With large cheeks.
Jbuceras, atis. ij. Fenu Greek.
Mcorus and tbucerius, a, um. [Hovs itcpas.] Horned like a bullock.
Jbucetum, i. it. A pasture for cattle.
Bucolicus, a, um. adj. [0ovKo\ot.] Bucolic, pastoral (n. pi. as subst.),
pastoral poems, Bucolics, Eclogues.
Tracula, ae. /. A heifer,
bufo, onis. in. A toad.
Jbulbaceus, a, um. adj. Bulbous.
bulbus, i. A bulb, any bulbous plant.
+bulga, 89. f. A leather bag.
'bulla, ae. / 1. A bubble (in water). 2. A button or stud. 3. An
ornament worn by children till they were seventeen, when it was conse
crated to the Lares: bulla dignus, childish, Juv.
Jbullatus, a, um. 1. Wearing a bulla (q. v.). 2. Inflated, turgid (of
style).
Jbullio, is. and ibullo, aa. v. n. To boil up, to bubble up.
bumastus, i. m. A sort of large grape,
burls, is. / The ploughtail.
fbustirapus, i. m. [bustum rapio.] A robber of tombs.
bustuarius, a, um. Haunting tombs, (as epith. of gladiators) one who
fought at the grave or funeral games of any great man.
bustum, i. [uro.] The place where the dead were burned, a grave, a tomb
(lit. and metapb.).
Jbnteo, onis. m. A kind of hawk.
Jbutio, onis, m. A heron or bittern,
butyrum, i. [0oCj rCpos.]
Jbuxetum, i. n. A boxgrove.
*buxeus, a, um. adj. Of box, like box, of the colour of box, yellow,
buxlfer, era, cram. adj. Abounding in box.
buxum, i. n. 1. Boxwood. 2. Anything made of it, as a flute, a top,
a comb, a tablet to write on, etc.
 BUX— CAD e%
buxua, i. /. 1. The boxtree. 2. The wood of the box, or anything
made of it, as a flute.
Jbyssinus, a, um. adj. Of fine flax, linen.
Byiantitts, a, um. adj. Of Byzantium or Constantinople.

c.
^Caballinus, a, tun. adj. Of a horse.
caballus, i. m. A horse, a nag (Hor., Sat, not in good prose or dignified
poetry).
J§cacabo, as. v. n. To utter the cry of a partridge.
cacbinnatio. onis. f. Violent laughter.
cachinno, as. v. n. To laugh excessively.
Jcachinno, onis. m. A violent laughter.
cachinnus, i. in. 1. Violent laughter, a loud laugh. 2. The plashing
noise of waves.
caco, as. v. n. To ease oneself. ^cacaturio, Is. v. n. To wish to do so.
Jcicoethes. indecl. n. [xanbv >)0oi. | (Plin. uses pi. n. cacoethe.) 1. An
obstinate disease. 2. Bad habit.
^cacozelia, ae. f. Injudicious imitation.
£c&coielus, i. m. [kokos C?/Aos.] An injudicious imitator.
cacumen, Inis. n. A top, a summit, the extreme height.
cacumino. as. v. a. To point, to make pointed.
cadaver, iris. n. [cado. ] A corpse, a dead body, a carcass (of man, more-
rarely of an animal, even of a town; used as a term of contemptuous abuse
by Cic).
-f-cadav&osus, a, um. adj. Cadaverous, like a dead body.
Cadmeus and JCadmeius, a, um. adj. Theban (from Cadmus, the founder
of Thebes).
Cadmeis, Idos. /. form of prec. Theban (as subst). 1. A daughter of
Cadmus, Semele, Agave, Ino, etc. 2. A Theban woman.
e&do, is, cecidi, casum. v. n. 1. To fall (in every sense; as a tree falls,
a river falls into the sea, a lot falls to a person, etc.). 2. To fall off, to
fall down, to perish, to die (esp. to be slain), to set (as stars, etc.), to lack
accomplishment (as prophecies, etc.). 3. To be diminished, to be im
paired, weakened, to fail: cadere animis, to lose courage, Cic; so cadunt
aiiimi, their courage fails, Virg. 4. To be convicted : causa cado, to lose
one's cause (in a civil action); cadit fabula, the play is condemned, Hor.
5. To happen (often c. dat. of the person to whom), to turn out: ut irrita
promissa ejus caderen t, that his promises might turn out vain, Liv. ; vota
cadunt, my prayers turn out successful, are granted, Tib. (a very rare
use). 6. To become obsolete. 7. (Sometimes cado is used with a
prep, and ace.) To become subject to, under the influence of, within the
reach of, etc : cado sub sen&um, to be perceptible to the senses, Cic :
cado sub oculos, or in conspectum, to become visible, Cic. ; cado ite cogita-
tionem, to occur to the thoughts, Cic ; ne in oSensionem Atheniensium
caderet, that he might not incur odium among the Athenians, Cic;
cadit ergo in bonum virum mentiri? can it be consistent then with the
character of a good man to tell a lie ? Cic; res quse eandem sub rationem
cadunt, things which belong to the same rule, Cic. ; cadit in alicniesimum
tempus, it happens at, falls on, a most unfavourable time, Cic; verba
melius in longiores syllabas cadunt, words end more harmoniously in>
longer syllables, Cic
caduceator, oris. m. A herald sent to the enemy to treat about peace, a
flag of truce, i. e. an officer with a flag of truce.
caduceus, um. 1. The wand of Mercury. 2. A herald's staff.
€2 CAD — CJEB.
§0&duclfer, Sri. m. Bearing the caducous, i. e. Mercury.
ciducus, a, am. adj. [cado.] 1. Falling. 2. About to fall, liable to
fall, perishable, shortlived, frail, fleeting, transitory. 3. §Destined to bo
slain. 4. §Slain : caduca bona, caduca hereditas, a legacy left to a
legatee who for some reason or other did not or could not claim it, and
which therefore went to some other claimant [v. Smith, Diet. Ant. in v.
bona caduca, p. 152.] ; legatum omne capis, necnon et dulce caducum,
you take all that has been bequeathed to you, and that too that lapse*
from the default of others, Juv.
£Cadurcum, in. 1. A coverlet of linen, such as that in use among the
Cadurci, the people of Cahors in Gallia Narb. 2. A marriage bed.
cadus, i. m. A cask, a jar (prop, of wine, but used of anything by Mart
even of a pot to hold money) : cadus ahenus, a brazen funeral urn, Virg.
2. +A liquid measure holding about eight gallons.
*caecias, as. in. The north-east or north-north-east wind.
t§ccecigenus, a, urn. adj. Born blind.
Jcsecilia. a./'. 1. A kind of lizard. 2. A kind of lettuce.
Cacilianus, a, um. Belonging to Csecilius, found in the play* of Csecilius,
an ancient comic poet at Home, B, c. 130.
cacltas, atis./C Blindness; (lit. and metaph.) of the mind.
oteco, aa. v. a. To blind, to make blind (lit. and metaph.): celeritate, ccecata
oratio, an oration made obscure by hurry, Cic
Caccubus, a, um. adj. Of Caecubum, a marshy district on the border! of
Cainpan a; («. as suist.) Cascubian wine.
fcaculto, aa. r. «. To be blind.
cacus, a, am. adj. 1. Blind; (lit. and metaph.) of the mind. 2. (Some
times esp. of the blindness of mind which leads to rashness) Rash, preci
pitate. 3. Hidden, mysterious, secret. 4. Dark (as night), deep (as
silence, etc) : caeca domus, a house without windows, Cic. ; csecae fores, a
private or secret door, Virg.; murmure cseco, with a confused noise, Virg.;
cttci ictus, wounds from an unseen hand (as those inflicted by missiles, etc),
Liv. ; caeca exspectatio, uncertain life, Cic; caeci eventus, the hidden events
of fate, Virg.; so, casca fata, Hor.; caeca; exsecrationes, curses which will
not be seen in their accomplishment, i. e. vain, Liv.; so, cjeci in nubibut
ignes, lightnings which do not strike, Virg.
cades, is./, [caedo.] 1. Slaughter (esp. in battle.) 2. Murder. 3.
§bloodshed, blood (when shed), csdis acervi, heaps of slain, Virg.; plena;
csedibus vis, the streets full of corpses, Tac
cado, is, cecidi, casum. r. a. 1. To cat. 2. To beat, to wound.
3. To slay, to slaughter, to murder: dum sermones ctedimua, while we are
talking, Ter.
Jcasduus, a, am. adj. That may be pruned or cut down, that is improved
by cutting back, or down,
cselamen, inis. n. A figure carved or chased.
chelator, oris. m. One who carves, chases, or engraves metal, etc.
caelatura. ae. f. 1. Carving, the art of the carver or chaser, or engraver.
2. The work carved, chased, or engraved.
Calebs, ibis. adj. m.f. Unmarried, single (used even of a widower, also of
trees that can stand alone; (as subiL m.) a bachelor.
Jcaellbatus, da. m. Celibacy,
calo, as. v. u. To carve, engrave, chase; §applied even to verses as highly
wrought up.
^caelum, i. n. An engraver's tool,
camentum, i. n. [cado.] ( usu. in pi.). Rough stone as it comes from the
quarry,
cspa, sb./.; also cape, is. *. An onion.
Cares, His. adj. m.f. Of Caere, a town of Etruria. For aiding the Romans
in the Gallic war the Caerites received the freedom of the city without the
Jus suffiagiijBO that they were looked on as an inferior class of citizens;
 CJ1R-CAL 63
Cssrite cera digni, men who deserve to be registered in the list of the
cserites, i. e. degraded from their citizenship, Hor.
cserimonia, te.f. [ca-ce.] ]. Sanctity (very rare). 2. A religious ce
remony, a rite. 3. Ceremonious reverence,
^cseruleatus, a urn. adj. Wearing a dark garment,
gcseruleus and Scaerulus, a. tun. adj. 1. Dark-coloured, dark blue, cas-
rulean ; an epith. applied to the heaven, and more esp. to the sea, also to
rivers; also esp. to the gods of the sea (crerula mater, your mother mighty
over the sea, Hor.). 2. Dark, gloomy-looking, of funeral garlands,
Charon*s bout, night, rain, etc. 3. Dark green; (of trees) oaks, olives,
etc. 4. (§As mul. pi. tubst.) Csrula, the sea, Virg.
•fxtesariatus, a, um. adj. Covered with hair,
caesaries, ei./. Hair, esp. beautiful hair (very rarely of any hair but that
on the human head ; once only used for that of the beard).
Cffisim. adv. 1. By cutting with the edge, opp. to punctim, with the
point (of a sword). 2. Iu short clauses.
+C8BsIcius, a, um. adj. Blue,
casus, a, urn. adj. Blue ; (of the eye) blue-eyed,
caespes, His. m. 1. Turf, peat. 2. Anything made of turf, a hut, a
rustic altar, etc
*caestlcus, a, um. adj. Belonging to the csestus, q. v.
csestus, us. is. A boxing-glove of bull's hide, made heavy with lead or
iron.
^caesura, 89. f. A cutting off, a cutting down.
Calaber, bra, brum. adj. Calabrian : Calabnc Pierides, the Muse of
Ennius, because he was a Calabrian.
C&lamister. tri. m., and Icalamistrum. i. n. 1. A curling- iron. 2.
(Metaph.) Elaborate or superfluous ornament (in oratory),
calamistratus, a, um. adj. Curled,
calamltas, atis. /. [calamus.] Injury, disaster (prop, to the crops, then
any disaster, calamity, misfortune, sometimes esp. defeat),
calamltose. adv. Disastrously, calamitously,
fcalamitosus, a, um. adj. Causing disaster, calamity, misfortune, calamitous,
disastrous. See calamitas.
calamus, i. m. [Ka\afios. ] I. A reed, a cane, a stalk. 2. SAny thing
made of reed or cane, as a pipe or flute, an arrow, a fishing-rod, a limed
twig to catch birds.
calathus, L m., and dim. calatliiscus, L m. 1. A small wicker basket,
esp. for holding wool. 2. (Metaph.) A milk pail. 3. A wine cup.
++calator, oris. m. A servant, esp. a priest's servant
calatus, a, um. adj. (only found in n.pl.). Convened for a particular purpose
(comitia sc).
calautica, n. A hood, a sort of veil,
gcalcaneum, i. n. The heel.
calcar, aris. n. A spur, (lit and metaph.) a stimulus.
+calcarius, a, um. adj. Of lime, (m. as subsu) a limebnmcr.
calceamentum, i. »., and Jcalceamen, inis. n., and icalccatus, us. A
shoe.
Jcalceariam, i. Money to buy shoes.
Calceo, as. r. a. To shoe, to provide with shoes: dentes calceati, teeth (of
a parasite) ready for their journey, i. e. for dinner, Plaut
■f-calceolarius, i. m. A shoemaker,
calceus, i. m., and dim. calceolus. i. m. A shoe : mutavit calceos, he
changed his style of shoe, i. e. he became a senator (because senators
wore a particular kind of shoe), Cic.
tcalcftratus. us. m. Kicking,
calcitro, as. v. n. 1. To kick, to strike out with the feet (metaph.).
2. To be stubborn, to resist
+calcitro, onis, m. A kicker, (metaph.) a blusterer.
64 CAL
ealeo, as. v. a. 1. To tread, to tread upon. 1. (Metapb.) To trample
on, to oppress, to insult.
^calculator, oris. m. A calculator.
Jcalculosus, a, am. adj. 1. Pebbly, gravelly. 2. Afflicted with the
stone.
calculus, i. m. 1. A pebble, a small stone. 2. JThe disease of the
stone. 3. A draughtsman, a chessman. 4. A counter to mark or
count with. S. (Metaph.) A calculation (hoc est ad calculos vocare
amicitiam, this is turning friendship into a sum, Cic; si ad calculos cum
respublica vocet, if the republic should call him to an account, Liv.). 6.
A stone for voting with, b ballot-ball, (metaph.) a vote.
*caldariu9. a. am. adj. Belonging to hot baths.
calefacio, and gcontr. calfacio, Is, feci, factum, also Scalefacto, as. r. a.
1. To heat, to warm. 2. (Metapb.) To make anxious, to worry, to
make angry.
Calends, arum. f. 1 . The Calends, the first day of the Roman month.
(The Romans reckoned backwards, so prid. Cal. (for Calendarum or
Calends) Junii is the last day of May). 2. §A month : sextae
Calends, the first of June (June being the sixth month), Ov.; ad prams
calendas, a favourite proverb of Augustus for never, because the Greek
months had no calends.
caleo, es, ui, Hum, and calesco, is. v. a. 1. To be hot, to be
warm. 2. (Metaph.) To be heated with anger or with love, to love
(c abl. of the object), to be very zealous: judicia calent, the trials are
pressed on warmly, Cic. ; rumores caluerunt, reports were rife, Cic.
Calennj, a, am. adj. Of Cales, in Campania, (n. as subst) Calenian wine.
calldus, a, am, and rare sync, caldus. adj. 1. Hot, warm. 2.
(Metaph.) Fiery, impetuous. 3. Precipitate, hot-headed.
caliendrum, i. ». A female head-dress.
callga. se, and dim. Caligula, as./. A soldier's boot.
^callgatus, a, am. adj. Wearing a caliga, (m. as subst) a soldier.
Jcaliginosus, a, am. adj. Dark, misty.
callgo, Inis. /. Mist, darkness (lit. and metaph.).
callgo, as. 1. (v. n.) To be dark, to be darkened. 2. (v. a.) To
make dark, to make giddy.
ealix, Icis. m. 1. A drinking cup. 2. A cooking pot.
calleo, ob, ui. no sup., r. n. 1. To be callous, (lit and metaph.) to be
hardened. 2. To be practised in, experienced, skilful. 3. (v. a.) To
know by experience (c. ace).
calllde. adv. Cunningly, cleverly, skilfully.
callMHas, atis. /. 1. Cleverness, skill, shrewdness. 2. Cunning,
artifice.
callidus. a, um. adj. 1. Clever, skilful (often c. gen.), shrewd. 2.
Cunning, crafty, artful.
Calliope, es./ One of the Muses.
callis, it. m.. and \f. A path, a road.
callosus, a, am. adj. Callous, hard.
oallom. n. 1. A callous place, a callosity, hard skin (metaph.). 2.
Callousness, indifference.
C&lo, Soil. in. A soldier's servant, a sutler, any low servant
color, oris. m. 1. Heat, warmth, the glow of life. 2. Summer heat,
summer. 3. (Metaph.) Warmth, ardour (esp. the ardour of love).
caltha, te. /. A marigold.
ealumnia, as. /. [koXos iWfV] ]. Artifice, chicanery, trick. 2. A
false accusation. 3. Sophistry. 4. Anxiety arising from the intrigues
of others : ealumnia dicendi, the artifice of miking a long speech, Cic. ; ca-
lumniara jurare, to swear to the truth of one's charge, i. e. that one is not
bringing a false charge, Cic; ealumnia religionis, a plea derived from pre
tended religious scruples, Cic; calumniam effugere, to be acquitted in a
trial on a persecution for illegal trickery, Cic
 CAL — CAN 65
calumniator, oris. m. A false accuser, a pettifogger.
calummor. aris, v. dtp. 1. To conduct a suit with trickery and artifice.
2. To accuse falsely. 3. To pervert. 4. To be anxious, because of
the trickery of others.
Jcalveo, es, ui, no sup. v. n. To be bald.
+calvitium. i. n. and calvities, elf. Baldness.
■f-calvor, eris. v. dep. To deceive, to beguile.
calvus, a, am. adj. Bald; (f. as stibst.) a bald skull.
calx, cis. f. 1. A heel. 2. Lime, limestone. . 3. The goal in a
race-course, the end of the race; (metaph.) the end, because the goal was
marked with lime. 4. t A chessman, a draughtsman.
+camclinus, a, um. adj. Of a camel.
camella, SB./*. A drinking-cup.
camelus, i. m. A camel.
Camena, as./ A Muse.
camera, m.f. 1. An arch, a vaulted roof. 2. A flat boat with an
awning, a kind of gondola.
*caminatus. a, um. adj. Built like an oven or furnace.
camlnus, I. m. 1 . A furnace, an oven, a fireplace. 2. (Metaph.) J In
cessant labour.
Jcammarus, i. m. A crab, a lobster.
tjcampe, es./. 1. A crooked turn, an evasion. 2. A caterpillar.
campester, tris, tre. adj. 1. Champaign, level (of a district, etc.). 2.
Living on plains, fighting on plains, etc. 3. Relating or belonging to the
Campus Martins, or the Comitia or games held there. campestre, as
suhsl. A short leathern apron worn about the loins by youths exercising
in the Campus.
campus, is. 1. A level plain, a field. 2. Esp. the Campus Mar-
tius. 3. (Metaph.) Any field or arena for action. 4. A district :
fors, domina campi, chance which sways the Comitia (because they were
held in the Campus Martins), Cic. ; campi liquentes, campi salis, the sea,
Virg.
§camurns. a, um. adj. Crumpled, turned inwards (of horns of cattle).
Ucanallculatus, a, um. adj. Excavated like a pipe.
canalis, is. m. 1. A pipe, a conduit, a trench, a canal. 2. fA place
in the forum at Rome. 3. J Flo* of speech. 4. JThe windpipe.
5. JThe timings on pillars.
canceili, drum. pi. m. 1. A lattice, balustrade, railings, trellis. 2. Esp.
a barrier in the public spectacles. 3. The bar in a court of justice.
4. (Metaph.) A boundary, a limit. 5. The space inclosed by such boun
dary.
Jcancello, as. v. a. To make like a lattice, to mark like trelliswork. "
cancer, cri. and in Lucr. oris. m. 1. A crab. 2. Cancer (a sign of the
zodiac). 3. A cancer : cancri brachia, the south (opp. to arctos), Og to
•f-candefacio, is, feci, factum, pass. Jcandeflo. To make white, to bring to
a white heat.
candela, ae./. ]. A rope smeared with wax. 2. *A candle.
candelabrum, La A candlestick.
candeo, es, ui, and candesco, is. (no sup.), v. n. 1. To be white.
bright, brilliant. 2. To glow, to be very hot : candens carbo, a live
coal, Cic.
candldatorius, a, am. adj. Belonging to, of a candidate.
candidatus, a, um. adj. 1. fClothed in white. 2. (As subst. m.) A can
didate : candidatus consulates, a candidate for the consulship, Cic
candlde. adv. 1. tin white. 2. Candidly, frankly.
Candidas, a, um, and dim. candidulus, a, um. 1. White, bright-looking,
clear, glistening. 2. Fair, beautiful. 3. §Clothed in white (as a can
didate). 4. Perspicuous, clear (of language). 5. Candid, frank, open.
6. Favourable, prosperous, happy (of events, &c, not of persons in this
e).
I
66 CAN
candor, oris, m. 1. Whiteness, brilliant clearness, brightness. 2.
Fairness, beauty. 8. Fairness (in dealing), frankness, candour.
caneo, es, ui, and canesco, is. incept, no sup. To be gray, hoary ; (of the
tea) to be white with foam.
Canicula, te./. 1. A bitch. 2. The constellation Sirius. 3. J The
worst throw on the dice.
caninus, a, urn, adj. Of a dog, like a dog: canina liters, the letter R.,
Pers. ; verba canina, abusive language, Ov.
canis. is. »i. f. 1 . A dog (often as term of reproach, esp. to parasites, etc).
2. The constellation Sirius, the Dogstar. 3. The worst throw on the
dice.
canistra, Oram. pi. n. A wicker basket for bread, fruit, flowers, etc.
canities, ei./ 1. Grayness, hoariuess. '2. Gray hair. 3. (Metaph.)
Old age.
canna, se. /. A reed, a cane. 2. §A flute (as made of reed). 3. JA
small boat.
Jcannablnus, a, am. Hempen, made of hemp.
^cannabis, is. /. Hemp.
Cannensis, e. adj. Of Canna;.
cano, is, ceclni, cantum. v.n. and v. a. 1. To sing (used also reproach
fully of an orator who speaks in a singing voice, used of any bird, of a
cock crowing, etc., and of many animals besides birds). 2. To sound
(of musical instruments). 3. To play on an instrument (c. abl. of the
instr.). 4. To praise in song, to sing of, to celebrate in poetry, S.
To predict, to utter as prophecy (because oracles were usu. given in verse).
6. To give a signal in battle : Pompeius classicum cani jubet, Pompey
orders the trumpet to be sounded, Caes.; Hasdrubal receptui propere cecinit,
Hasdrobal speedily sounded a retreat, Liv. Priusquam signa canerent,
before the signal sounded, Liv. ; sometimes c. dat. : nisi receptui cecinisset,
if the signal for retreat had not sounded, Liv.
canopens, a, am. adj. Of Canopus, a town at the mouth of the Nile, Egyp
tian.
§canor, oris. m. Song, tuneful sound.
canorus, a. am. 1. Tuneful, melodious. 2. Loud.
Cantaber, bra, brum, and Cantabrious, a, am. Biscayan, Spanish.
gcantamen, Inis. n. A spell, a magic incantation.
-f-canterlnus, a, am. adj. Of a horse.
canterius, i. A gelding : canterius in fossa, a proverb for being ia a helpless
condition, Liv.
cantharis, Jdis. / A sort of beetle, Spanish fly.
can thai- us, i. tn. 1. A large drinking-cup, a tankard. 2. A sort of
fish.
tcanthai, i. m. 1. The tire of a wheel. 2/ Awheel.
canticam, i. n. 1. A song in the Roman comedy, sung by one person,
and accompanied by music and dancing. 2. A song.
cantilena, se. f. A song ; (derisively) gossip, silly conversation.
cantio, onis. f. (rare). A song, an incantation.
cantlto, as. v. a. To sing repeatedly, to repeat continually.
cantinncola, ss, dim. A song.
canto, as. v. a. and ». 1. To sing ; (used also of any noise of a bird) to
crow as a cock, etc. 2. To sound (as a musical instrument). 3. To
sing of, to celebrate in song or poetry. 4. To act (as an actor). 5/
To use incantations, to charm. 6. §To say, to indicate.
cantor, oris, m., fcantrix, icis. f. 1. A musician, singer. 2. An actor.
3. A panegyrist.
cantos, as. m. 1. Song. 2. A singing tone. 3. The music of an
instrument. 4. The voice of almost any animal. 5. A prediction
(because oracles were given in verse). 6. An incantation, a charm.
•anas, a, um. adj. 1 . Gray, hoary. 2. Gray-haired (metaph., aged).
3. (ui. pi, as subst.) Gray hairs.
 CAP 6T
c&pacltas, itis.f. Capacity, power of holding, containing.
capax, acis. adj. [capio.] 1. Capacious, capable of receiving or containing
much, large (lit and metaph. of the mind). 2. Capable of undertaking
or discharging a duty (c ad and ace., or c. gen.).
capedo. Inis./i, dim. capeduncula. m.f. A bowl used in sacrifices.
capella, SB. /. 1 . A she-gnat. 2. A constellation.
caper, pri. m. 1. A he-goat. 2. The strong smell of the armpits.
fcapero, as. v. n. To be wrinkled.
capesso, is, Ivi, Itum. v. a. 1. To take, take hold of, to seize upon. 2.
To repair to, to reach. 3. To undertake, to set about, to commence :
capesso inimicitias, to adapt a dislike, Tac. ; capesso noctem in castris, to
pass the night in the camp, Tac; capesso rempublicam, to busy one's self
in political affair.-, Cic
Jcapillamentum, i. 1. Hair. 2 A wig.
capillatus. a. urn, adj. With hair, having fine hair.
capillus. i. m, 1. Hair (prop, only of the head, but used also for the
hair of the beard, and even for that of animals). 2. JThe fibre of
plants.
capio. Is, cSpi, captnm. v. a. 1 . To take, to lay hold of, to seize : nos . . .
oblivio ceperat, forgetfulness had seized us, Cic. 2. To take in war. to
capture, to catch. 3. To win over, to attract, to allure. 4. To receive,
to be capable of receiving, to be susceptible of. 5. To understand, to
comprehend. 6. To take (i. e. to choose, to select, to occupy). 7.
To contain. 8. To arrive at, to reach. 9. To take upon oneself, to
undertake (an office, etc.): capio fugam, to take to flight, Cass. 10. (In
pass, and, except in Lucr. only in part, captus) To be crippled, to be de
prived (of a faculty, a sense, etc, c. abl. of the sense): membris omnibus
captus, broken down in all his limbs, Cic
capis. His./. A sacrificial bowl.
capistro, as. v. a. To halter, to tie with a halter,
capistrum, i. n. A halter, a headstall, a muzzle : maritale capistrum, the
matrimonial noose, Juv.
capitalis, e. adj. 1. Of, relating to the head. 2, Affecting life, capital :
ira capitalis, anger only to be appeased by the death of the hated object,
Hor.; hostis capitalis, an implacable enemy, Cic; capitalis oratio, a danger-
out speech, Cic; injustitia nulla capitalior, there is no worse injustice, Cic
3. Eminent, excellent, (as we say) capital.
caplto. onis. m. One wh-> has a large head.
Capitolinus, a, urn. adj. Of the Capitol, or of the Capitoline games.
Capitolium, i. n. The Capitol, the Capitoline Hill.
capitulatim. adv. In the way of a summary.
■jvcapitulum, i. 1. A little head (used as a caressing expression). 2.
The capital of a column.
Jcapo, onis. m. A capon.
Jcapparis, is, / A caper.
cipra, m. f. 1. A she-goat. 2. A constellation. 3. The smell of
the armpits.
caprea, ae. /, and capieSlus, i. m. A roe.
Caprlcornus, i. m. Capricorn, a sign of the Zodiac, which the Sun enters at
the winter solstice.
caprificus, L /. 1. The wild fig. 2. (Metaph.) JA strange prodigy.
caprigenus. a, am, adj. Born of a goat : caprigenum pecua, goats, Virg.
caprimnlgus, i. m. A milker of goats, a herdsman, a rustic
capnnns, a, in. adj. Of or belonging to a goat : lana caprina, the hair of a
goat, i. e. a valueless trifle, Hor.
fcaprlpes. edis. m.f. With feet like goats, with cloven feet.
capsa, 85, and dim. capsula, ae. / A satchel, a box for books or papers, a
bookcase, a writing-desk.
Jcapsarius, i. m. A slave who carried the schoolboys1 satchel.
i 2
68 CAP — CAR
captiitio, onis. f. 1. A catching at, a striving for (Jesp. legacy-hunting).
2. JA feint in fencing.
captator, oris. m. 1. One who catches at, seeks to gain. 2. A legacy-
hunter.
captio, 8nis. /. 1. Trick, deceit. 2. A fallacy, a quibble. 3. Loss,
damage.
eaptiose. adv. Captiously.
captiosus, a, tun. adj. 1. Fallacious. 2. Captious, sophistical.
3. Mischievous, dangerous ; (n. pi. as subst.) sophistry, sophisms,
captiuncula, ee. /. A petty quibble.
Jcaptlvitas, atis. / 1. Captivity. 2. Capture, the subduing.
captivus, a, um. adj. 1. Captive, taken in war, captured (used even of
inanimate booty). 2. Caught (of animals). 3. Of or belonging to, or
relating to prisoners or captured places ; (in. f. as subst.) a prisoner.
capto, as. v. a. 1. To strive to seize, to catch at, to seek to obtain ; (even
with the ear) to listen to in the hope of hearing (often esp. to hunt for
legacies). 2. To catch, to attract, to allure. 3. §To be desirous
(c. infin.). 4. tTo adopt: captato sermone, having entered upon con
versation, Ov.
Jcaptura, a. f. 1. A taking, catching, capture. 2. The prey caught.
3. Gain (esp. of a discreditable kind).
captus, a, um. part, of capio, q. v.
captus, us. m. 1. A taking hold of, a catching. 2. Capacity, com
prehension.
fcapiilaris, e. adj. Relating to a bier ; (metaph.) near the grave (of an old
man).
captilus, i. m. [capio.] That by which one takes hold of, a handle (esp.
the hilt of a sword.
caput. Itis. n. 1. The head (in every sense). 2. The top. 3. The
origin, source, the chief actor or contriver, leader, etc. 4. The mouth of
-a river (very rare). 5. (Metaph.) A man, a person. 6. Life (esp. civil
life) ; (capitis accusare, to accuse of a capital crime, Nep. ; capitis poena,
capital punishment, Czes., etc. ; capitis minor, as one degraded from his
rank of citizenship, Hor. ; capitis diminutio; see diminutio ; see also Smith,
Diet. Ant. p. 196.). 7. The capital, or chief city. 8. The capital, i. e.
the principal sum, etc. 9. A chapter, a clause : unum caput Epicuri,
one fundamental principle of Epicurus, Cic. ; caput literaruru, the chief
thing in, the main topic of his letter, Cic. ; qui capita rerum erunt, who
were the chief men in the Btate, Liv. ; [velut deliberabtindi], capita con-
fenint, they lay their heads together, Liv. ; nee caput nee pedes, neither
head nor tail (a proverb), Cic. Capita censi were those citizens whose
property fell short of what was required for the proletarii, or 375 asses.
See Smith, Ant. p. 273.
carbasus, i. /, pi. n. carbasa. 1. Fine flax. 2. Canvass. 3. §A
linen robe. 4. (§Esp. in pL) Sails. S. §A curtain (used as adj.
by Prop.).
carbaseus, a, um. adj. Of flax, linen, canvass.
iicarbatina crepida. A rustic shoe (only in Catullus once).
carbo, onis. m. 1. Charcoal, coal. 2. (fin pi.) Spiteful lampoons.
tcarbonarius, i. A charcoal-burner.
Jcarbunculo, as. v. n. To have a carbuncle.
carbunculus, i. m. 1. A small coal. 2. X A carbuncle (tho stone, and
the disease).
Career, ens. m. 1. A prison : in me carcerem effudistis, you have let out
the whole jail upon me, Cic. 2. The starting-place in a race: ad carceres
a cake revocari, to begin life anew (lit. to be taken back from the goal to
the starting-point), Cic
tCarcSrarius, a, um. adj. Of, connected with a prison, etc
carchesium, i. n. [xa.fxiiaiov.'] 1, A drinking cup narrowed in the mid
dle. 2. The upper part of the mast of a ship.
 CAR 69
.►carcinoma, atis. n. [itopicW^o.] A cancerous ulcer, (metaph.) a pro-
flipue.
cardaces, nm.pl. A kind of Persian soldier.
cardiacus, a, um. adj. [itaptla.] Having a disease of th« stomach,
cardo, Inis. m. 1. A hinge. 2. § Either of the pole* of heaven.
3. A crisis : extremus cardo, old age, Lucan.
cardans, i. m. A thistle,
care, adv. Dearly, at a high price,
directum, i. n. A bed of sedge.
c&reo, es, ni, Itum. v. a. To be without, to want, to be destitute of, to be
free from (a abl., in good or bad sense): culpa carep, 1 am free from,
blame, Cic; patria careo, I am banished from my country, Or.; cart*
senatu, I absent myself from the senate, Cic.
carex. Icis./ Sedge.
Carious, a, am. adj. Carian; (/ as tidal.) a dried fig.
caries, elf. 1. Rottenness, decay. 2. {Mellowness,
carina, se./ 1 . The keel of a ship. 2. A ship, a boat; (in pi.) Carinas,
the name of a fine street in Rome between the Cielian and Esquilino'
hills.
f carinarius, i. m. [<n)/ws.] One who dyes tilings, the colour of beeswax,
yellow,
cariosus, a, um. adj. 1. Rotten, decayed. 2. {Mellow,
caris, Idis./. [itaph.] A lobster.
caritas, atis./ I. Dearness, high price (esp. a high price of corn or pro
visions). 2. Affection, great regard, love,
carmen, Inis. b. 1 . A song, a poem, a tune. 2. An oracular pro
phecy, a prediction. 3. An incantation. 4. A legal formula, a legal
form of expression.
i'carmlno, as. v. a. To cord (wool, etc.).
+{carnarium, la, 1. A flesh-hook. 2. A larder,
{carnarius, i. m. One who loves meat.
carnifex. Icis. n. An executioner ; (often used as a term of reproach) vil
lain; (fas adj.) murderous,
carnif Icina, se. / 1. The office of executioner. 2. The place of
execution. 3. Torture.
Jearnlvorus, a, urn. adj. Carnivorous.
Jcarnosus, a, um. adj. Fleshy.
tcaro, is, ui. r. a. To card (wool).
caro. carnis./ 1. Flesh, meat. 2. The body, as opp. to animus.
Jcarpentarius, a, um. adj. Of a wagon, of a chariot,
carptntum, in. A chariot, coach, wagon.
carpo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To plnck, pick, gather. 2. To crop, tc
graze on. 3. To reap, to enjoy, to snatch (pleasures, etc.). 4. To
tear, to tear off. 5. §To strip, to fleece. 6. To carp at, attack,
detract from, disparage. 7. To impair, to weaken, to harass (by re
peated attacks). 8. To cut in pieces, to divide: carpe viam, go forward,
Virg. ; carpitur frames, they proceed on their path, Ot.j carpere prata
fuga, to skim the fields in one's flight, Virg.; carpentes pensa puellas,
maidens employed on their work (lit. pulling the wool they were spinning),
Virg.
carptim. adv. 1 . Separately, in detached portions or parties, in detail,
carptor, oris. m. A carver of food.
tcarruca, aj. f. A four-wheeled carriage for persons.
carrus, i. m. A cart or wagon for luggage, etc
{cartilage Inis./ Cartilage,
earuncula, ae./. A little piece of flesh,
carus, a, um. adj. 1. Dear (in every sense), costly, expensive. 2.
Beloved,
{c&rylnui, a, um. adj. Made of nuts,
{caryota, as, and ciryotis, His./. A kind of nut or date.
F3
70 C A R— CAT
Carysteus, a, on, and +Carystins, a, urn. adj. Of Carystua, a town in
Eubcea, celebrated for its green marble,
casa, 89./ A cottage, a hut; (in war) a soldier's hut: ita fugias ne prater
casam (proverb), a> we say, do not run into the lion's jaws (lit., do not rlee
so blindly as to run beyond your own house), Jer.
cascus, a, tun adj. Old, ancient (an obsolete word),
casern, i. m., and dim. caseglus, i. m. A cheese.
casia, as./. 1. A sweet-smelling shrub or herb. 2. A tree with aro
matic bark, a sort of cinnamon,
tcaso, as. v. s. To totter, to be about to fall.
gcassis. is. m. A hunting net, a snare, a toil (used even of a spider's web).
2. (Metaph.) Snares, plots,
cassis, idis. /, and §cassida, 85. / A helmet: setas patiens cassidis, the
age capable of military service, Juv.
cassns, a, urn. adj. 1. Empty. 2. Deprived of, void of. 3. Vain,
worthless : cassns lumine, dead, Virg.
eastanea, ae./. A chesnut
Jcastanetum, Lb. A chesnut grove.
caste, adv. Chastely, religiously, purely, virtuously.
castellanus. a, nm. adj. Of or concerning a fort or castle ; (m. pi. as snlat.)
the inhabitants or garrison of a fort or castle,
castellatim. adv. In different forts, in separate detachments.
castellum, i. ». 1. A fort, a castle. 2. (Metaph.) A place of refuge, an
asylum. 3. (Metaph.) Any building in a high situation.
+casteria, as./ A part of the ship where the rowers rested, or perhaps a
place where the tackle of a ship was laid up.
+caBtigabIlis, 0. adj. Deserving of chastisement
castigatio, onis./ Chastisement, correction, reproof,
castlgator, oris. m. One who chastises, a corrector, a reprover,
castigo, as. v. a. 1. To chastise, to correct, to reprove (stronger than
reprehendo, milder than culpo). 2. To hold in check, to restrain : cas-
tigatum pectus, a slender bosom, Ov.
castlmonia, as./ Chastity, pnrity.
castltas. atis./. Chastity, purity, virtue.
Jcastor, Sris. m. A beaver.
castoreum, lb. A medicament obtained from the beaver,
castrensis, e. adj. Of or belonging to a camp.
Jcastro, as. v. a. To castrate.
castrum, i. n. (very rare in sing.). 1. A fort. 2. (PI.) A camp, an en
campment : castra navalia, a camp on the shore alongside of a naval
station, Cffis. 3. JBarracks. 4. Military service : secundis or
alteris castris, on the second day's march (because at the end of each day's
march they pitched a camp), Liv.
castus a, TUB adj. Chaste, pure, virtuous, unblemished, pious.
c&siila, a?./. A little cottage.
casus, 4b. m. 1. A falling, a fall. 2. Death (rare). 3. An end.
4. Error. 5. That which happens, an event (esp. an unfortunate accident).
6. An opportunity. 7. (Oramm.) A case ; casu.by chance.
■f-catagelasTmus, i. m. [xara ytkim.] One who ridicules.
§catagraphus, a, um. adj. [kot4 ypdipiii.] Painted,
catamltus, i. A debauchee,
cataphractes, as. m. A coat of scale armour.
eataphractus, a, nm. adj. [Karrfo^oicToi.] Clad in mail.
C&taplns, i m. [(tori irAeu.] 1. The arrival of a fleet. 2. The fleet
arriving,
•fxatapulta, 89./ A catapult, a missile sent from a catapult
cat tipul tarius, a, nm. adj. Of or from a catapult.
C&taiacta, as. [koto, jifiyyvfu.] 1. A cataract 2. A portcullis,
catasta, 89./ [kot* Tottuji.] A scaffolding, a stage,
foate. adv. Cleverly, cunningly.
 CAT — CAV 71
■gciteoa, m.f. A kind of missile weapon.
c&tellus, i. m., catella. £e. /. 1. A little dog, a puppy (sometimes used as
a term of endearment.) 2. A small chain.
catena, a. 1. A chain, a fetter. 2. A barrier, 3. A series.
citenatus, a, sm. adj. 1. Chained, fettered. 2. ^Connected. 3.
^Continued, uninterrupted.
caterva, m. f. A crowd, a multitude, a band, a flock (of birds or animals).
Jcatervarius, a, am. adj. In a band, of a band.
catervatim. adj. In bands, in companies.
cathedra, m.f. [xaBiSpa.] A chair, an arm chair, a sedan chair, (some
times esp. a professor's or teacher's chair).
*cathedralicius, a, am. adj. Fond of an arm chair, effeminate.
tcatillo, as. v. a. To lick a plate.
-j-catillo, onis. m. A glutton.
tcatullus, i. m. A little dish.
catfnns, i. in. 1. A dish. 2. A pot for cooking food in. 3. J A
censer. 4. J A crucible : saxi catinus, n cavity in a rock.
Catonini, ornm. pi. m. The adherents of Cato.
catonium, i. n. \k&to>.~\ The lower world.
+ Jcatulinus, a. um. adj. Of a little dog, of a puppy.
catulus, i. in. 1. A young dog, a puppy. 2. The young of almost any
beast or of a serpent.
c&tnj, a, tun. adj. 1 . JClear. 2. Sagacious, shrewd, clever, canning.
Cauda, m.f. A tail : caudam trahat, let him hare a tail stuck on him (as
boys were wont to do in derision), Hor.
tcaudeus, a, tun. adj. [codex.] Of wood.
canlse, arum. pl.f. 1. A hole. 3. A sheepfold.
caulis, is. m. 1. A stalk. 2. A cabbage.
caupo, 5nis. m. An innkeeper.
canpona, be, dim. cauponula, as. An inn, a tavern.
tcauponius, a, tun. adj. Of an inn.
■j-cauponor, aria. v. dtp. To make a market of, to trade with.
caurus, i. m. The noith-west wind.
causa, m.f. 1. A cause (in every sense). 2. An opportunity. 3. A
pretext, a pretence, a plea. 4. An excuse, an apology. 5. The sub
ject (of a discourse). 6. A civil action. 7. A canse, i. e. a party, a
side in a quarrel. 8. Condition, staU: cui senatus CHusnm ut mini gra-
tias ageret, whom the senate had commissioned to thank me, Cic; non
causam dico quin, quod meritus sit, ferat, I do not object to his receiving
what he has deserved, Jer. (abl. causa, as adv., for the sake of).
«atuarius, a, um. adj. One who has a legitimate excuse; (esp. in mil. lan
guage) an invalid.
ttcanaia, m.f. [raft*.] A broad-brimmed Macedonian hat.
causldicus, i. m. A pleader, an advocate.
tcaualflcor, aria. v. dtp. To allege as a plea, to pretend.
causor, aria. e. dtp. To make a long speech, to allege as a plea or pretext.
causula. se. f. 1. A petty action or lawsnit. 2. A slight cause.
caute. adv. 1. Carefully cautiously. 2. Safely.
caatei. is./. A rock.
+eautun. adv. Carefully, cautiously.
cautio, onis. f. ]. Caution, care. 2. A bond, a security, a warranty :
mea cautio est, I must take care, Cic; res cautionem habet, this matter
allows room for good management, (and in another place) this requires
caution, Cic
cantor, 6ri». m. 1. fOne who is cautious. 2. One who givet se
curity.
cantua, a, tun. (lit part, of caveo, but used as adj.). 1. Cautious, careful,
circumspect. 2. Well secured, safe, secure.
cavea, m.f. 1. An inclosure, a cage. 2. The part of a theatre allotted
to the spectators. 3. (Metaph.) A theatre.
>4
72 CAV—CEL
caveo, es. cavi, cautum. v. n. 1. To beware, to be on one's guard, to
take heed, to guard against (sometimes c. ab and abl.. usu. c ne and subj.,
often, esp. in imper., c. subj. without ne). 2. To take care (to do so
and so, c. ut and subj., more rarely c infin. £c. ace). 3. To procure,
to give bail (c. ab and abl.), to secure to another by giving him a security :
(civitates obsidibus de petunia cavent, the cities gives hostages as security
for the money, Cass.; visum est caveri ab eo, they determine to take secu
rity from him, Liv.). 4. To provide legally by a law or will, or a
clause in a law or will : ei cavere volo, I wish to take care of him, Cic.
caverna, 83. f. A cavern, a cave, a grotto, a vault : caverna navis, the hold
of a ship, Cic; c coeli, the vault of heaven, Lucr.
Jcavernosus, a, tun. Full of caverns, full of hollows.
fcivilla, 8B./. A quibble, a trick.
cavillatio, onis. /. 1. Quibbling, sophistry. 2. Raillery, bantering,
jesting.
C&villator, oris, m., and Jcavillatrix, Icia. /. (rare). 1. A caviller, a
quibbler. 2. A jester, a banterer.
cavillor, aria. v. dtp. 1. To cavil, to quibble. 2. To banter (c com
and abl. of the object). 3. To jest upon, to criticise (c ace).
fcavillula, as. /. A little cavil, a little jest.
C&vo, as. v. a. 1. To hollow out, to excavate, to make hollow. 2. §Tt
pierce: tegmina tuta cavant capitum, they hollow out coverings for the
head, i. e. make them in a hollow or concave form so as to fit the head,
Virg.
eavus, a, am. adj. Hollow, concave, excavated : cava umbra, the dark
shade, Virg. ; cava flumina, the deeply-channelled streams, Virg. ; (n. as
subst.) a hollow place, a hole.
Caystrius, a, tun. «/j. Of the Cayster, a river in Lydia.
Cecropius, a, am. adj. Of Cecrops, the first king of Attica, Athenian.
Cecropldes and Ida, m m. An Athenian (esp. Theseus). —/ Cecropis,
Idis. An Athenian woman (esp. Procne, or Philomela, or Aglauroa) : Ce
cropis terra, Attica, Ov.
cedo (not, however, used in any poetry but satire; an old imper. ; Ennius hat
pi. cette). 1. Bring hither, give me. 2. ( In discussion) Tell me.
\ 3. Let me : cedo ut bibam, let me drink, Plaut. ; cedo mihi leges Atinias,
recollect, cast your eyes on, the Atinian laws, Cic.
cedo, is, cessi, cessum. v. n. and a., t>. ». 1. §To go, to advance. 2.
To turn out, to result (esp. with the adverbs bene, male, prosper*, etc
c. dot. pert.) : epulse et largi apparatus pro stipendio cedunt, banquets and
ample provision for their entertainment are [in their eyes] equivalent to
pay, Tac 3. To depart, to retire from, to leave (c. abl. of the place,
or c. ab or ex and abl.), to pass away : non audaci cessit fiducia Turao,
confidence did not desert the bold Turnus, Virg. ; menses cedunt, months
pass away, Cic. ; cessit e vita, he died, Cic. 4. To cede, to give up
(c. abl. of the property given up, dat. of person to whom). 5. To yield
to, comply with, submit to, be conquered by, be inferior to. 6. (v. a.) To
grant, concede, allow: poena in vicem fidei cesserat, punishment (that of
being given up to their creditors) was substituted for payment, Liv. ; ut is
qucestus hnic cederet, that that profit might accrue to him, Cic. ; aurum in
pancorum prsdam cessit, the gold became the booty of few, Cic; pradat
alia militum cessere, the other things became the booty of the soldiers,
Liv.; omnes in unum cedebant, they all came over to one opinion, Tac;
[qua] .... Parcaeque sinebant cedere res Latio, .... and the Fates al
lowed things to go well with, i. e. prosper for Latiuin, Virg.
Jcedrinus, a, am. adj. Of cedar.
cedrns, i. f. [ntSpos.] Cedar, the tree and the wood: carmina linenda
cedro, verses worthy to be embalmed with cedar oil, i. c. to be preserved
for ever, Hor.
Celaeno, OS. /. 1. One of the Harpies. 2. An avaricious woman, Juv,
Relator, 6ri9. m. One who conceals.
 CEL — CEN 73
oelSber, bris, bre. m., also Jcelebris, e. 1. §Numerous, quickly repeated.
2. Much frequented. 3. Celebrated, universally known, famous.
Jceleberrime acclamatum est, the cry was raised by great crowds, Suet
celebratio, onis. f. 1. A concourse, a numerous assemblage in one place.
2. Celebration (of a festival, etc.). 3. JPraise, celebrity.
toelSbrator, oris. m. One who celebrates (a triumph, etc).
celebratus, a, Bin part, of celebro, q. v. (but used also as adj. with compar.
and tuperl.). 1. Frequented. 2. Celebrated, i.e. solemnly performed.
3. Celebrated, i. e. famous. 4. Customary, common.
celebritas, atis. f. 1. A concourse, a numerous gathering of people, a
multitude. 2. Celebration. 3. Fame, renown, celebrity.
celebro, as. v. a. 1. To frequent, to resort frequently to, to haunt 2.
To practise, engage in frequently : mndum . . . jucunditas celebravit, the
agreeableness of the manner has made it common, Cic. ; neu juvencs
celebret multo sermone caveto, take care she does not converse much with
the young men, Tib.; cujus fama celebrantur aures mra, with whose
renown my ears are dinned (are filled). 3. To celebrate, i. e. to solemnise.
4. To celebrate, to praise, to extol, to make known.
celer, eris, ere. adj. 1. Quick, swift speedy. 2. Hurried. 3.
Hasty, rash, inconsiderate. 4. Eager, prompt
+cel£re, more usu. celeriter. adv. Quickly, speedily.
cSleres, m rn.pl. A body of 300 knights selected by Romulus as his body
guard.
CelerIpes, edis. m.f. Swift of foot
celeritas, atis./; 1. Speed, swiftness, quickness. 2. Quickness, read
iness (of mind), acnteness.
cileriuscfile. adv. Rather quickly.
celero, as. v. a. 1. To quicken, to hasten, to accelerate, to do quickly.
2 (r. n.) To make haste, go rapidly.
*celes, etis. m. [xcAqt.] 1. A racehorse. 2. A swift-sailing vessel.
Jceleusma, atis. n. [KfAevoTux.] The call of the stroke oar cheering Ir's
men. *
cella, f&.f. 1. A storeroom, a granary. 2. A cell (of bees). 3. A
small chamber (esp. for slaves, etc.), a closet. 4. The shrine in which
the image of the god stood in a temple.
+ceUarius, a, am. adj. Belonging to the storeroom ; (m. as subst.) a steward,
tcellilla, se./. A little storeroom,
celo, as. v. a. To hide, to conceal: celabar, I was kept in the dark (these
things were concealed from me), Cic.
celox, ocis./. A swift-sailing galley,
celsus, a, tun. adj. 1. High, lofty, elevated (in every sense). 2.
Proud, haughty,
censeo, es, ui, sum. v. a. 1. To weigh, to estimate, to value. 2. To
take a census of, make a list of. 3. To make a return of (property to a
censor, etc.); give in an aerugo) of. 4. To esteem (rare, once in Ov.),
5. To think, to be of opinion, to judge, to deem. 0. To vote, to vote for
(a measure) (sometimes c ace. of the measure). 7. To decree by votes
capite censi, the lowest class of citizens (those whose property fell short of
375 asses): v. Smith's Ant. 273.
t censio, onis. f. A census, an assessment.
censor, oris. »». 1. A great Roman magistrate; for his duties, etc. see
Smith's Ant. p. 211. 2. A judge, a critic
eensorius, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to a censor, like a censor: homo
censorius, one who had been censor, Cic; opus censorium, an act deserving
the notice of the censor, i. e. punishment
censflra, m.f. 1. The censorship. 2. Judgment, criticism.
census, us. m. 1. A census, a registering and rating of the citizens.
2. The register of the citizens. 3. The property of a man as returned
in the census, property, income. 4. §Riches.
centaureum, i. n. The herb centaury.
"74 C E N — C E'R
Centaureus, a, rnn, and tCentaurlcus, a, am. adj. Of a Centaur.
Centaurus, L«. 1. A Centaur. 2. The Centaur (a* a name of a ship
and as such,./.)
Jcentenarius, a, urn. adj. Of a hundred, a hundred.
centeni, ae, a. adj. pi. once sing, in Virg. A hundred.
centeslmus, a, um. adj. The hundredth : centesimas (suband. i!«nra),
interest at the rate of T^th every month, i. e. 12 per cent per annum ;
centesima, a tax of 1 per cent.
§centiceps, ipitis. adj. m. /. Hundred-headed.
centies. wiv. A hundred times,
centimanus, a, um. adj. Having a hundred hands.
cento, onis. m. A coarse garment, a coarse coverlet, prop, of patchwork,
mentioned in Caes. as thrown over wooden walls, etc., to protect them "from
darts, etc.: proin tu alium quadras cui centones farcias, find some one else to
fill with your silly stories (a proverb), Plant,
^centralis, e. adj. Central,
♦centrum, i. n. [x^vrpov.] The centre,
centum, indecl. A hundred.
§centumgemlnus, a. um. Having a hundred arms, a hundred gates, etc.
•f-centumpondium, i. n. A hundred pounds' weight.
centumvn alis, e. adj. Of the centumviri.
centumviri. orum. /./. m. A body of judges to try civil actions, in Cicero's
time, 1 05, increased under the emperors to 180.
centunculus, i. m. A coarse horsecloth,
fcentiiplex. Ids. adj. A hundredfold.
centuria. se. / I. A hundred of anything. 2. A century, i. e. a
division of the citizens according to their property. See Smith, Diet. AmL
273. 3. A division of the soldiers in a legion, a company: ccntuha
prerogativa, the century which voted first in the comitia.
centuriatim. adv. By centuries.
centuriatas, us. m. 1. A division into centuries. 2. The office of
centurion,
centuxio, as. v. a. To divide into centuries, to divide: comitia contnriati,
the assemblies of the people in which the citizens voted in their centuries ;
lex centuriata, a law passed at such comitia.
centurio, onis. m. A centurion, the captain of a company.
Jcenturioriatus, us. m. The election of centurions.
centussis. is. f. A sum of a hundred asses.
Cepheis, Idis. / The daughter of Cepheus, Andromeda.
Cephisias, adis. /. Near the Cephisus, a river in Attica, Athenian,
cera, a). / [mjpos.] 1. Wax. 2. A waxen seal, a seal. 3. (As
writing tablets were smeared with wax, esp. in pi.) A tablet, a writing :
codicis extrcma cera, on the last page, Cic 4. (Esp. in pi.) A waxen
image of an ancestor. 5. tJColoured wax for painting with. 6.
An unctuous substance with which the bottoms of ships were covered, as we
use pitch.
Ceramlcus. i. m. [mco/mikoj.] A place at Athens where the monuments and
statues of heroes slain in war were,
fceraria, SB./. A maker of wax lights,
cerarium, i. n. A fee paid on sealing,
cerastes, as. m. [n4pas.] A homed serpent.
cerasus, \.f. The cherry, tree and fruit.
Jceratlna, ae./. [icipas.] A dilemma in logic
Jceratum, i. n. Cerate, a wax salve.
cSratus, a, nm, adj. Smeared with wax, with pitch (of a ship).
Cerbereus, a, nm. adj. 1. Of Cerberus. 2. JOf Hell, infernal,
cercurus, i. m. [Kipxovpos.] A light kind of vessel used in the Levant,
2. A sort of fish.
Jcerdo, onis. m. A handicraftsman, a cobbler.
 •CER — CES 75
Cerealis, e. adj. 1. Of, belonging to, sacred to Ceres. 2. Of corn, fit
for growing corn (of the soil, etc).
cerebrosus, a, am. adj. Hot-headed, passionate.
cerebrum, i, and dim. cerebellum, in. 1. The brain. 2. The intel
lect. 3. Quick temper.
Ceres, eris. / 1. The Goddess of corn. 2. Com, bread.
cereus. a, am. Waxen, soft as wax,, pliable, waxy-looking ; (in. as mbst.) a
wax taper.
cerintha, m.f. Honeysuckle.
+ *cerinu8, a, um. adj. Waxen ; («. as subst.) a wax-coloured (yellow)
robe.
cento, is, crevi (no sup. in the simple verb), v. a. 1. To sift 2. To
distinguish, (but esp. by the eye) to see. 3. To see with the mind, to
comprehend. 4. (Rare) To decide, to determine. 5. §To decide
by fighting, to fight. 6. fTo determine. 7. Cerno heereditatem, to
enter upon an inheritance,
§cernuus, a, um. With one's face towards the ground.
*ceroma, atis. n. [m)pbs.] 1. Ointment for wrestlers. 2. The ring in
which wrestlers wrestle. 3. The wrestling contest.
Jceromaticus. a, um. adj. Anointed with ceroma.
cerritus. a, um. adj. Violent, mad.
tcerrus, \.f. A kind of oak.
certamen, inis. n. A contest, a combat, a battle.
certatim. adv. Vying with one another eagerly.
certatio. onis./. and Jcertatus, us. m. A contest.
certe. adv. 1. Certainly, surely, assuredly. 2. At all events.
CertO. atlv. Assuredly, to a certainty.
certo, as. v.*. 1. To contend, to fight, to enter into a contest. 2. §To
strive vigorously.
certus, a, um. adj. 1. Determined; (of a person) resolute. 2. Deter
mined; (of a measure) resolved on. certain. 3. Fixed, appointed (of a
time, etc). 4. Unerring, infallible, trustworthy. 5. Certain, ascer
tained. 6. Certain, i. e. knowing to a certainty, fully assured : certum
(or more usu. certiorem) te facio, I inform you ; certior esse, to be informed
of (c. gen. or c. de and abl. of the fact).
Jceruchi, drum. pi. m. The ropes fastened to the yards of a ship.
cerula. as. f. C. miniata, or miniatula, a kind of pencil with which the Ro
mans marked objectionable passages in a writing.
ceruasa, m.f. White lead, white paint for the face.
cerussatus, a, um. adj. Painted with cerussa,
cerva, m.f. A hind, a doe, a deer.
Jcervical, alia. n. [cervix.] A pillow.
eervinus, a, um. adj. Of a stag, of deer : cervina senectus, old age equal to
that of the stag, Juv.
Jcervisia, 89. /. Beer.
cervix, Icis. /!, and dim. cerricula, 89. The neck, the nape of the neck :
tantis cervicibus qui audeant, men so stiffnecked, so obstinate, as to dare,
etc, Cic.
cervus, i. m. 1. A stag, a buck, a deer. 2. A chevanx de frise.
ceasat io, onis. /. 1 . Delay, procrastination. 2. Idleness, indolence.
ceseator, oris. m. A loiterer, a dilatory person.
cessio, onis./ A cession, a yielding up.
cesso, as. v. n. (but with pass. part, cessatus). 1. To be inactive, lazy, re
miss, unempolyed ; (of land) to lie fallow, to be uncultivated. 2. To
cease, to desist. 3. To be absent 4. $To make default, to tail to
appear in a court of justice. 5. To err : cessas in vota ? do you cease to
offer your vows ? Virg.; non cessavit amori, [your life] has had no time
for love, Prop.
eestrosphendone, es./. [aQtrtorn.] An engine for hurling stones.
Jcestrum, in. A graving tool, a basin.
76 CES — CIB
coatua or Oi, i. m. A band (esp. the girdle of Ventu).
oetarium, i. n. A fishpond.
cetariue, i. m. A fishmonger.
ceteroqui or quin. In other reapecta, otherwise.
ceterUB, a, urn. (uan. in pi.) [ical irtpot.] The reat, the other; (n. pi. as-
adv.) in everything else, in other respects,
ccterum. adv. 1. In other respects. 2. But, besides.
citra. 89./. A short Spanish shield.
cetratus, a, um. adj. Armed with a cetra.
cetus. L in., in pi. cete. n. A sea monster, large fiab, whale.
ecu. adv. 1. Aa. 2. As if.
.tceveo, ei. no sup. To wag the tail, to fawn.
ohalybeius, a, um. adj. Of iron, of steel.
Chalybs, Jbis. m. [XdAi/^.] 1. ( In pi.) A people in Spain, or in Pontes,
celebrated for their manufacture of steel. 2. (In sing.) Steel, iron.
channe, es. / A fish like a perch,
chaos, only nom., ace, and abl. chao. n. Chaos,
cliara. »./ A root, a sort of wild cabbage,
character, eris. m. [xapanTtip.) A form, characteristic style.
charistra, drum, pi. n. [x<V«-] An annual family banquet, at which all
quarrels were reconciled.
§Cnar!tea, um. dat. Iain. pl.f. [Xipi*.] The Graces,
charta, 89./, dim. chartula, 89./ Paper, a writing of any kind : charts
titula, blotting paper, Plin.
charybdia, is./ A whirlpool on the coast of Sicily; (metaph.) any whirl
pool,
chelae, arum. pi./. [xiAal] (Lit.) The arms of Scorpion in the Zodiac; (and
as they reach into Libra) Libra.
ehelydrus, i. m. A water-snake, a snake,
cheljra, only in nom. and ace. chelyn. / [x«Xuj.] A lyre, as originally
made of a tortoise's shell.
chSragra, 89, or cbir./ [x«'f>] Gout in the hand,
chlliarchua, i. m. [x^<°< *pxw-} A captain of 1000 men, a chiliarch.
chlrographum, i n. 1. Handwriting, an autograph. 2. $A written
bond.
£cblr5n8mus, i, and -nSmon, ontis. m. [xflp vipa.] One who moves bi»
hands gracefully in dancing or acting,
chirurgia, 83. / [xtipow'a.] 1. Surgery. 2. (Metaph.) Violent
measures or remedies.
chlamydatus, a, um. adj. Wearing a chlaraya.
chlamys, ydis. /. [x^a/iiis.'] A Grecian cloak, a military cloak, a state
mantle, generally a cloak, a mantle.
tJchSragus, i. m. [xopvyo*-] One who furnished the chorus, provided
what was necessary for the exhibition of a play; (metaph.) he who supplies
a banquet, etc.
Jchoraules, m. m. [X&P0* auA«V>.] He who accompanies a chorus on the
flute,
chords. 89./ [x°pSh-~l 1- Catgut, a string (esp. of a musical instrument).
2. tA rope,
chorea, 89. / [xooeux.] A dance,
choreus, i. m. The trochaic foot, a trochee,
chorus, i. m. [x^P"1 ] 1- A dance. 2. A chorus of dancers. 3. A
band, a company.
Jchrla, as./ [xp'la-] An apophthegm,
chrysanthea, is, m. A chrysanthemum.
chrys81Itlius, i. m. [xf"0"05 \i0os.] A chrysolite,
chrysophrys, yos./ A sort of fish,
elbarius, a, um. adj. 1. Of food, for food. 2. Fit for'ordinary food,
i. e. common; (n. pi. as subst.) food, provisions.
tjclbatus, us. m. Food, provisions.
 CIB—CIB 77
Jelbo, as. v. a. To feti.
ciboriuui, i. A large cup (like the pod of the Egyptian bean).
cibus, la 1. Food, nourishment, aliment. 2. Bait for fish; cibui
animalis, nourishment derived from the air, Cic
cicada, ce. f. A grasshopper, a cricket.
+Jclcatrlc6sus. a, nm./. 1. All over scars. 2. All over corrections.
cicatrix, Icis.yi 1. A scar, the mark of a wound or cut: obdncta cica
trix, a wound scarred over, Cic.
clcer, ens. •>. Chickpea, vetches.
clchorSum, i. n. Chicory, endive.
ciconia. 89./ A stork.
clear, uris. adj. Tame.
clcfita, SB./ 1. Hemlock. 2. A shepherd's pipe.
cieo, es, only in pre*, and imperf. 1. To put in motion. 2. To call,
to call forth, to summon, to rouse, to excite, to stir up. 3. To name,
give the name of. 4. To disturb, to agitate: quibus verbis eretum cieri
oporteat, with what formula the inheritance ought to be divided, Cic. ;
bellum cieo, to bring on war, Liv. ; pugnam cieo, to conduct the battle
vigorously, Liv.
clllcium, i. n. A close cloth of Cilician goat's hair.
Cilix, Icis. m., f. Cllissa, ae. Cilician.
cimex, icis. in. A bug (lit. and metaph. as a reproach).
Cimmerius, a, nm, adj. 1. Cimmerian. 2. Infernal, situated in the
shades below.
elnsedos, i. m. A profligate ; (used also as adj.) shameless.
Jdn&ra, as. / An artichoke.
cincinnatus, a, um. adj. With curls ; used also of comets, as having tails.
cincinnus, i. m. ]. A curl. 2. Artificial ornament (in speech, etc.).
+cinctlculus, i. m. A little girdle.
^cinctura, ee.y'. A girding, a cincture, a girdle.
cinctus, us. m. 1. A way of girding. 2. JA girdle, a belt.
§cinctutus, a, um. adj. Girt after the fashion of the ancients.
fclnefactus, a, um. adj. Reduced to ashes.
dneroxius, i, A hair-curler.
Jclnereus, a, um. Ash-coloured.
cingo, is, nzi, nctum. r. a. 1. To gird. 2. To crown, to wreathe.
3. To surround, to encompass, to encircle so as to besiege, to beset ; or so as
to cover, to protect, or even §so as to escort.
cingula, ae./, and orum. pi. n. A belt, a girdle.
ciniflo, onis. m. A hairdresser.
cinis, eris. m.,f. also, Liter., Cat Ashes ; often esp. the ashes of the dead,
or of a ruined town, or even of a conquered country,
cinnamum, i. n. Cinnamon.
Cinyphius, a, um. adj. Near the Cinyps, a river in Africa, African.
cippus, i. m. 1 . A gravestone. 2. (In pi.) A palisade.
circa and more nsu. circum. prep. c. ace 1. About, around (of number,
place, or time). 2. Very near. 3. t About, concerning.
circensis, e. adj. Of the circus, in the circus.
eircino, as. v. a. To move or bend in a circle : easdem circinat auras, moves
in a ring through the air, Ov.
circinus. i. us. A pair of compasses.
cirelter. prep. c. ace, and adv. About (of time or numbers), +of place,
circuities onis. f. 1 . A going round, a patrolling. 2. A roundabout
way of acting or speaking, circumlocution,
circultus, us. m. A going round, a circuit, a revolution (of stars, etc.). 2.
A circuit (i. e. a space to be travelled round). 3. A period, a sentence.
4. Circuitous speech or action, circumlocution.
Jcirculatim, adv. In circles, in knots of peiple.
circllor, a: is. c. dep. To gather, to assemble in a circlo or knot,
circolus, poet, sync circles, i. nt. 1. A circlo. 2. A circular course.
78 CIR
3. Anything circular, a ring, a hoop, a chain. 4. A circle of people,
a company.
Jcircumactus, us. m. A being moved round, a circular motion.
circumago, is, egi, actum, v. a. 1. To drive round, to drive about, bring
round, move round, to wheel round, to turn round, to drag about : circum-
egit h annua, the year revolved, or passed away, Liv,
circflraaro, a*. «. a. To plough round.
■(•circumcaesura, tt.f. The outline, the circumference.
eircumcldo, is, cidi, clsum, v. a. [coedo.] To cut around, to curtail, to
diminish.
circumclsus, a, tun. part, of prec., as adj. 1. Abrupt, steep, precipitous.
2. JBrief.
eircumcludo, is, ai, sum. r. a. To shut in, hem in, inclose, surround.
circumcoio, is, ui, cultum. v. a. To inhabit around or near.
-f-circumcurso, a*. t>. a. To run about.
circumdo, dai, dedi, datum, v. a. 1. To put around, to throw around.
2. To surround, to flank, to cover, to encircle.
circumduoo, it, zi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead, draw, drag, or bring round ;
(sometimes subaud. those who are led around) : as, prater castra hostium
circumduct, he marches (i. e. leads his army) round by the camp of the
enemy, Liv. 2. JTo cheat. 3. To speak drawlingly : circumductus
captivorum agmine, surrounded by the band of captives, Juv.
•(-Jcircumductio, onis. /. 1. JA bringing round. 2. fA cheating, an
embezzling. 3. JThe expansion of an idea.
Jcircumductus, us. m. Circumference.
circumco, is, ivi, Itum. r. n. and a. 1. To go aronnd, travel round,
march round. 2. To surround, to encompass, to encircle. 3. To go
round among so as to canvass, to canvass. 4. (Chiefly in pass.) To sur
round so as to overwhelm. 5. To circumvent, to cheat. 6. JTo ex
press by circumlocution.
eircumequito, as. v. a. To ride round.
circumfero, fers, tuli, latum, c. a. To bear around, to carry round, to
move round. 2. To spread, disseminate. 3. To publish, to assert gene
rally. 4. To purify (a person by carrying around him consecrated objects,
etc.). 4. (Esp. in pais, part.) To expand, to make long (a writing, etc.).
circumflecto, is, xi, xum. r. a. To bend around, to move round.
circumflo, as. v. a. To blow round, to attack on all sides.
eircumfluo, is. xi, xum. v. a. 1 . To flow round, to surround. 2. (t>. a.)
To be abundant. 3. To abound in, i. e. to be rich in.
circumfluua. a, am. adj. 1. Flowing round, surrounded with water.
Jcircumfodio. Is, fodi, fossum. r. a. To dig around.
circumforaneus, a, um. adj. Found in, common about the market or the
forum. 2. Haunting the forum or market: ass circumforaaeum, debt
(because the bankers' shops were in the forum).
circumfundo, is, fudi, fiisum. v. a. 1. To pour around, to place around.
2. To surround, to encompass, to encircle. In pass, used as dcp.. like the
Greek middle voice. 1 . To surround (usu. c. dat, sometimes c. ace), to
throng round so as to surround (sine c). 2. To embrace, to cling to
(c. dat.): undique circumfusa; molestix, annoyances that surround us on
all sides, Cic.
§circnmgemo, it, ui, Itum. r. a. To roar around.
circumgesto, as. r. a. To carry round.
circumgredior, eris, grains sum. v. dtp. To go around, travel round,
surround.
circuminjlcio, Is, jeci, jectum. v. a. To cast in round about.
circumj&ceo, es, ui, no sup. v. n. To lie round or near, to border on
(c. dat.).
circumjectus, us. m. That which surrounds, a circuit.
circumjicio, Is, jeci, jectum. v. a. 1. To cast, throw, or place around,
(c. dat. of the more remote object). 2. To surround. 3. (In pass.
 CIR 7»<
••p. in part) To surround (c dm.) : quod angnis vectem circumjectus
esset, because the snake had coiled himself round the bar, Cic.
circumllgo, as. v. a. 1. To bind round, to fasten to (c. dm.). 2. To
surround.
circumllno, is, levi, litum. v. a. To sni-nr, to anoint, to cover.
circumluo, is, ni, uituni. v. a. To wash on all sides, to be surrounded.
fcircumlustrans, antis. pari. Looking around.
circumluvio, onis. f. Land made into an island by the water spreading
around it.
circummitto. is, misi, missnm. v. a. To send around.
tircummunio, is, Ivi, Hum. v. a, 1. To fortify around. 2. To sur
round, to invest.
rircummunltio, onis./ A surrounding by cirenmvallation.
Circompadanus, a, am. adj. Around the river Po, in the north of Italy.
circumplaudo, is, si, sum. v. a. To applaud on all sides.
circinuplector, eris, plexus sum. v. dep. To embrace, to surround.
circumpllco, as, ui, Itum. v. a. To fold, to twine around.
tircumpono, is. posui, posltum. v. a. To place around (c dat, of the more
remote object).
circumretio, is, ivi, itum. v. a. To enclose with a net, to ensnare.
circumrodo. Is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To gnaw around. 2. (Metaph.) To
hesitate, to nibble about. 3. To attack (satirically).
tircumscindo. is. scidi. scissum. v. a. To cot round, to strip.
circumscribo, is, psi. ptum. v. a. 1. To draw a line round, to enclose
within a circle. 2. To define, to fix the boundaries or limits of. 3.
To comprise, to comprehend (rare). 4. To limit, to confine, to circum
scribe. 5. To circumvent, to entrap, to ensnare, to deceive, to over
reach, to defraud. 6. J'l'o embezzle. 7. To withdraw, to set aside.
circunueripte. adv. In brief sentences.
circumscriptio, onis. /. 1. A circle drawn round. 2. A limit, a
boundary, compass. 3. A sentence, a clause. 4. Overreaching, de
ceiving, defrauding, fraud.
circumscriptor, oris. m. A defrauder.
circumscriptus, a, am. part, of circumscribo, but used also as adj. c. corn-
par. Limited, contracted, restricted.
ciicumseco. as, ui, sectum. r. a. 1. To cut around. 2. JTo cir
cumcise.
eircumsedeo, es, sessl, sessum, and in pres. cirenmsido, is. v. a. To sur
round, besiege, blockade, invest.
circumsepio, is, sepsi, septum. t>. a. To hedge around, to surround for
protection.
*circumsero, is, sevi, Bitum. v. a. To plant round (c. dat. of the place).
circumsessio, onis. f. A besieging, a blockade.
circumsilio. is, ui, sultum. v. n. To spring about, to hover round.
circumsisto, is, stlti, no sup. t>. a. To stand around to surround.
cirenmsono, as, ui, Itum. v. a. and n. 1. (».«.) To resound, to sound, to
ring all round, to ring (as ears with a noise). 2. («. a.) To surround with
noise.
tircumadnns, a, um. adj. 1. Sounding around. 2. ^Ringing with
sound.
♦circumspecte. adv. Carefully, circumspectly.
circumspectio, onis. f. Circumspection, caution.
drcumspecto, as. v. a. 1 . To look around, to gaze round upon. 2.
To watch for, to be on the look-out for.
tircumspectus. us. m. 1. A looking around, a looking on. 2. A view,
a power of beholding. 3. Consideration.
circumspleio, is, spexi, spectum, v. a. To look round, to gaze round on,
to survey, to see near. 2. To be circumspect, cautious, to take heed.
3. To consider on all sides, to meditate on, to weigh, to examine. 4. To
look out for, to provide, to provide for.
80 CIR — CIT
clrcumspectus, a, urn. pari, of prec, used also as adj. I. Well weighed
well considered. 2. JCautious. circumspect,
circumsto. as, steti. v. a. To stand around, to surround, to beset
* circumstruo, is, xi, ctum. r. a. To build around, to strengthen around,
fcircumtego, U, xi, ctum. «. a. To cover round,
fcircumtentui, a, am. [tendo.] Surrounded, clothed, girt
circumtero, is, trlvi, tritum. v. a. To press around, to surround,
circumtextui, a, um. Woven all around.
circumtino, as, ui, itum. v. a. To thunder round, to roar around.
Jcircumtonsus, a, um. [tondeo.] Shorn, cut all round.
+circumtremo, is, ui. no sup. v. n. To tremble around,
circumvado, is, si, sum. v. a. To surround, to attack on all sides,
circumvagus, a, um. adj. Surrounding, moving around,
eircnmvallo, as. v. a. To surround with a rampart, to blockade,
circumvectio, doll./ 1. A carrying round, a conveying. 2. A rero-
lution (of the sun),
circumvector, aril. c. pan. (act. only in Sil. Ital.). To be carried round, to
go round,
circumvehor, eris, vectus sum. r pass. To be carried round, to go round
(in a carriage, or on horseback, or in a ship) : circumvehens Peloponnesum,
sailing round Peloponnesus, Nep.
circumvelo, as. v. a. To envelop, to clothe, to veil.
circumvenio, If, veni, ventum. r. a. 1. To come round, to surround, to
flow round, to hem in, to blockade. 2. To beset, to encompass (as evils,
•tc., do). 3. To circumvent, deceive, cheat
+eircumversor, aria. v. dtp. To turn round,
eircumverto, is, ti, ram. v. a. 1. To turn round: rota circumvertitnr
axem, the wheel turns on its axis, Ov. 2. fTo circumvent, to cheat
circumvestio. It, ivi, Itum. v. a. To clothe, to protect.
tcircumvincio, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. To bind around.
•j-circumviso, is, ti, sum. v. n. To look around.
circumvolo and circumvolito, as. v. a. To fly around, tn hover round.
circumvolvor, oris. v. pass. To revolve around, (act. in Plin.) to move round.
circus, i. 1. A circular line or course : Circus Lacteus, the Milky Way, Cic
2. The circus at Rome, where the chariot races, etc., took plate : T.
Smith's Diet. Ant. 3. §A racecourse.
clris, is./ A bird into which Scylla, the daughter of Nisus, was changed.
Jcirratus, a, um. adj. Curled, ringletted.
JCirrhasus, a, um. adj. Of Cirrha, of Delphi.
cirrus, i. ;m. 1. A curl, a ringlet. 2. JThe crest of a bird.
oil. prep. c. ace. 1. On the side of. 2. ttWithin (of time).
CIsalpinus, a, um. adj. On this (the Italian) side of the Alps,
clsium, i. n. A two-wheeled carriage, a cabriolet
Cisrhenanus, a, um. adj. On the nearer side of the Rhine.
Cisseis, Idos. / The daughter of Cisseus, Hecuba.
eista, ae. dim. cistella, 89. /. A chest, a box for anything (esp. for holding
sacred utensils at religious festivals ; also for receiving votes, either of
citizens in the assemblies, or of the judges in a trial),
■f cistellatrix, icis. f. A slave who had the charge of the money-box.
."*, cisteina, as. / A cistern,
cistlfer. era, crura, adj. Carrying a box.
cistophorus, i. An Asiatic coin worth 4 drachma-.
tcistula, 93. and I cistellula, se. A little box, a little chest
citatim. adv. Hastily, hurriedly,
dtatus, a, um. part, of cito, but used as adj. Quick, speedy, swift : citato
equo, at full gallop,
clterior. compar. ; super!, citlmus, a, um. Nearer, nearest, +less.
elthara. /. | Kt9ii>a.] 1. A harp. 2. §The art of playing the harp.
cltharista, se. m.,f. tcitharistria, a). A harper, a player on the harp,
cltharizo, aa. v. n. To play the harp.
fcltharoedicus, 8, um. adj. Of a citharadus.
 CIT — CLA 81
citharcedus, i. m. One who played on and rang to the harp.
clto. adv. Quickly, speedily, soon.
dto, as. v. a. 1. (Rare) To put in rapid motion, to excite. 2. To
summon, to cite. 3. To quote. 4. To name. 5. To rehearse, to
recite.
citra. prep, c. ace 1. On this side. 2. On this side, i. e. not reaching
to, tailing short of (as an arrow, etc.), inferior to. 3. Within (of time),
before (of time). 4. Without : citra scelus, without (i. e. not amount
ing to), wickedness, Or.; nee citra mota nee ultra, moving neither this way
nor that, 0 v. ; citra spem omnium cessit, it turned out contrary to universal
expectation, Gall.; citra quam debuit, differently from, worse than, what
she should hare done, Ov.
cItreus, s, um. adj. Of the citron, of citron wood.
citro. adv. (never used except in conjunction with ultro after verbs of motion).
Ultro citro, ultro et citro, ultro citroque, this way and that way, to and fro,
backwards and forwards, up and down : beneficia ultro citro data accepta,
kindnesses being interchanged, Cic.
Jcitrum, i. n. Citron wood (anything made of citron wood, a table, etc.).
citrus, i. / The citron tree.
civicus, a, tun. adj. (chiefly but not solely poet.). 1. Of, belonging to, or
concerning citizens, civic, civil. 2. Belonging to the city : civica corona,
a crown given as a reward for saving the life of a citizen.
Civllis, e. adj. 1. Of, or concerning or belonging to, citizens, civic, civil.
2. Relating to the state, political. 3. Civil, courteous, affable : chilis
qnercus, the civic crown, Virg. ; civilis vir, a statesman, Quint.
tcivHItas, atis. /. 1. The art of politics, of government. 2. Cour
tesy, affability.
clvfliter. adv. 1. Like a citizen, as becomes a citizen. 2. Courteously,
civilly.
clvis, is. m./. 1. A citizen, a fellow citizen. 2. (With respect to a
king) A subject.
civltas. atis. /. 1. The freedom of a city, citizenship. 2. The body
of citizens, the state. 3. J A city.
clades, is. /. [irAtttt.] 1. Injury, damage, loss. 2. Defeat, slaughter,
disaster : Scipiadas cladem Libya;, the Scipios, the scourge or conquerors
of Africa, Virg.
clam. adv. and (more rarely) prep. c. abl. (once in Jlirt. c. ace., once in Ter.
c gen.). 1. Secret (very nearly as indecl. adj.), in secret, secretly.
2. (As prep.) Without the knowledge of, unperceived by : baud clam me
est, I am not unaware, Ter.
clamator, oris. m. One who makes a noise, a declaimer.
fclamltatio, onis. /. Loud crying out, clamour.
clamlto, as. and more usu. clamo, as. e. n. and a. To cry out, to vociferate,
to shout, to raise an outcry, to call to, to call upon, to proclaim (as a
fact).
clamor, 6ris. m. 1 . A loud cry, clamour, shout (either of approbation or
disapprobation). 2. § An v loud noise.
clamosus, a, um. adj. 1. Full of noise, noisy. 2. JMaking a noise.
-f-clanctUum. adv. Privately, secretly.
clandestine!, a, tun. adj. Secret, clandestine, concealed.
t»clango, is. no perf. v. n. To sound, to make a noise.
clangor, oris. m. Clang, loud noise (of trumpets, birds crying or flying, etc.).
Clare, adv. 1. Brightly, clearly. 2. Distinctly, plainly, loudly. 3.
Honourably.
■fclareo, es, ni, no sup. 1. To be bright. 2. To be evident, to
be conspicuous.
claresco, is, no perf. (not in Cic, Caes., or Liv.). 1. fTo become bright,
clear. 2. +To become evident, obvious. 3. To become distinct,
loud. 3. To grow famous, to become illustrious.
fclaxicHo, as. v. a. To summon loudly.
a
82 CLA
clarfgatio, onis. /. 1. A formal demand of satisfaction on pain of a
declaration of war. 2. A fine imposed (on the violation of certain con
ditions).
Jclarigo, as. r. n. To demand satisfaction under pain of a declaration of
war.
§clarls5nus, a, urn. adj. Clear-sounding, lond, distinct.
claritas, atis. /., more rarely claritudo, inis./ 1. Brightness, clearness.
2. Distinctness. 3. Celebrity, renown.
fclaro, as. v. a. 1. To make bright, visible. 2. To explain, illustrate.
3. To make illustrious.
-fclaror, oris. m. Brightness, clearness.
Clarius, a, urn. adj. Of Clams, a small town in Ionia (ep. of Apollo).
Claras, a, urn. adj. 1. Bright, brilliant, clear, §making clear (as the wind
clears the sky, etc). 2. Clear (i. e. distinct), loud. 3. Clear (i. e.
evident, intelligible, universally known. 4. Famous, illustrious, glo
rious. 5. Notorious, conspicuous.
classiarius, a, urn. adj. Of or belonging to the fleet; (as snbst.) a sailor,
a marine: centurio classiarius, a captain of a ship. Tat.; classiarii, the
sailors in the fleet (i. e. the fleet), Nep., Tac.
classlciila, se./. A little fleet.
classlcum, i. n. 1. A military signal, a signal of battle. 2. §A
trumpet.
classlcus, a, tun. adj. 1. Of or belonging to the fleet, naval; (m. pL as
subst) sailors, marines.
classis, if. /. 1 . A class (for the division of the Roman people into
classes, see Smith, Diet. Ant. in v. Comitia). 2. §An army. 3. A
fleet. 4. (Rare) A ship.
clathri. dram. pi. m. Rails, bars, a balustrade.
-telathro, as. v. a. To furnish with rails or bars.
claudeo, es, no sup., more usu. claudlco, as. r. n. To be lame, to limp.
2. (Metaph.) To be in a crippled state, to be weak.
Jclauditas, atis./ Lameness.
claudo, is, si, sum. v.n. 1. To shut, to close, to block up. 2. To
enclose, shut up, confine, blockade, surround. 3. To close, i. c. to end :
claudere fugam hostibus, to cut off the enemies' escape, Liv.; claudere
agmen, to bring up the rear, Css.; clausa consilia habere, to keep one's
counsel secret; claudere aures ad voces, to shut one's ears to sounds, Cic;
in clauso linquunt, they leave it shut up, Virg.
claudus, a, um. adj. Lame, crippled (lit. and metaph.).
olaustram, i. «.; more usu. -tra, trorum. pi. n. 1. Anything which shuts,
a bar, a barrier, a barricade, a bolt, bounds, lines of circumvajlation. 2.
Adam, a dike: vitas claustra, the bonds of life, Lucr.; claustra montium,
narrow passages through the mountains, Tac.; quae urbs velut claustra
Etruriss erat, a city which was, as it were, the key of Etruria, Liv. ;
JEgyptus claustra annonse, Egypt, the chief point from which com was
procured, Tac
clausula, as. /. A close, end, conclusion; the end of a sentence.
clava, 89./ 1. A club, a bludgeon. 2. A foil.
Jclavarium, i, n. Money given to soldiers for the nails of their shoes.
telavator, oris. m. One who carries a club or a foil.
clavlcula, ee.f. 1 . A little key. 2. A tendril.
clavlger, era, erum. adj. 1. The bearer of a key. 2. The bearer oi
a club, esp. as epith. or even synon. of Hercules.
clavis, is. / A key : claves ademit, he (a husband) took away the keys
(from his wife), i. e. divorced her, Cic
clavus, i. m. 1. A nail : ex hoc die clavum anni movebis, from this day
you will reckon the beginning of the year (because each year the con
sul or dictator drove a nail into the wall of Jupiter's temple, Sept. 1 3.),
Cic; ut hoc trabali clavo figcret, to clench the matter, Cic 2. The
handle of a rudder, the rudder, the helm (lit. and metaph.). 3. A
 0 L E— C 0 A 83
purple stripe in the tnnic, broad on that of a senator, narrow on that of a
knight : latum clavum impetravi, I have become a senator, Plin. 4. § A
tnnic.
Cleanthens, a, nm. adj. Of Cleanthes, stoic.
Clemens, entis. adj. Clement, merciful, kind, gentle, moderate,
clementer. adv. Gently, mercifully, kindly, with moderation,
dementia, m.f. Clemency, mercy, gentleness, kindness, moderation,
clepo. is, psi. r. a. [akin-ru.] (An old legal word), to steal,
clepsydra, ae. f. A clepsydra, an hoar glass filled with water, nsed to limit
the duration of an orator s speech : ad clepsydram latrare, to bawl by the
hour, Cic.
+elepta, SB. m. [icArmij.] A thief,
^cllbanns, i. m. An iron pan to bake bread.
cliens. entis. m.,/. clienta, SB. A client, a dependent, a vassal,
clientela, 86. f. 1. The state of a cliens: esse in clientela Caesaris, to be
a client of Caesar, Cic 2. The body of clients : quod in clientela fuerat
ejus [oppidi], because he was in alliance with it, Ca:s.
rclinamen. Inis. n. Inclination,
■fclinatus, a, tun. part. Inclined, bent, snnk, leaning.
£cllnlcus, i. m. [nAlw,] A physician who attends patients confined to
their bed.
cllpeo, as. r. a., nsu. in pan. part. To arm with a shield,
cllpeus and cllpeum, i 1. A shield; prop, a round, brazen shield. 2.
§The disk of the sun.
clitellse, arum. pi./. Panniers, a packsaddle.
fclltellarina, a, tun. adj. Carrying, fit to carry a packsaddle.
clivosuB, a, urn. adj. Hilly, steep.
cllvo.3, i. ;,i. 1. A hill, an ascent, a slope. 2. §Anything sloping,
even a table with uneven legs. 3. §A difficulty.
cloaca, se. A tewer, a drain (lit. and metaph.).
Clot ho. us./ [kAoiSoi.] One of the Fates,
■fclueo, es. no perf. To be called, spoken of, to be famous,
clunis, is, m.f. A buttock, a haunch.
+clurinus, a, nm. adj. Of monkeys.
Clusius, i. A name of Janus.
Jclyster, eris. m. [<c\iwtJ|(>.] A clyster-pipe.
Jcoaccedo, is, cessi, cessum. r. n. To be added besides,
coacervatio, oris./. A heaping together,
coacervo, as. v. a. To heap together, to amass, to collect,
coacesco, is. no perf. r. n. 1. To turn sour. 2. (Metaph.) To become
bad.
Jcoactio, onis./ A collecting together,
tcoacto, as. v. a. To compel,
coactor, oris. m. A gatherer together, a collector of money, of taxes, etc.:
coacteres agminis, those who brought up the rear, Tac.
coactnm, i. A mattress,
tcoactus, (U. m. Compulsion,
eoactns, a, tun. part, [from cogo, q. v.].
-rcoaddo, is, dedi, dltum. t>. a. To add together,
coasdif ico, as. v. a. To build up to, as far as.
coeequo, as. v. a. 1. To level. 2. To make equal, to equalise.
coagmentatio, onis./ A joining together, a uniting, a combination,
coagmento, as. r. a. To join, connect, combine,
coagmentnm, i. n. A joining together, a joint.
coagulum, L n. 1 . Rennet, a means of coagulating. 2. ^Curdled milk,
coalesce it, alni, alltum. r. *. 1. To grow together, to unite. 2.
To agree, to coalesce. 3. To grow (as a tree, etc.). 4. To become
consolidated, vigorous (of power),
coangusto, aa. r. a. To narrow, to confine, to circumscribe,
coarguo, is, ui, no sup. v. a. 1. To convict 2. To convict so as to
02
8* COA-COE
refute, or disprove, or prove foolish, useless, etc. 3. To prove : domini
coarguit aurea, publishes the tale of its master's ears, Ov.
coartatio, finis, f. A crowding together in a narrow apace.
coarto, as. v.a. 1. To crowd together, to make narrow. 2. To abridg?,
to shorten, to compress into a small space.
*coaxo, aa. r. n. To croak as a frog.
icocciuatus, a, um. part. Clad in scarlet.
Jcocclnus, and Jcocclneus, a, um. adj. Scarlet
coccum, i. n. 1. JThe berry on the scarlet oak. 2. Scarlet
cochlea, se. /. [<»xAi«.] 1. A snail. 2. A snailshelL
cochlear, and cochleare, is. n. A spoon.
+cbcles, Itis. m.f. A person with one eye.
coctllis, e. adj. Baked : coctilibus muris, with brick walls, Ov.
codex, Icis. as. 1. A trunk of a tree. 2. A book, a writing (eap. aa.
account-book or a will).
cfidicilli, firum. pi. m. Tablets, a writing, a note, a rescript, a deed,
a codicil,
coalites, um. pi. m. The inhabitants of heaven, the gods.
ccelcs tis, e. adj. 1 . Heavenly, of or in heaven, celestial, divine. 2.
Divine (i. e. excellent). 3. §Thinking themselves gods (I e. perfectly
happy); (pi. m. aa subst.) godt.
§ccelic51a, a». m. (uau. in pi.). An inhabitant of heaven, a god.
coelifer, era, erum. adj. Supporting the heavens (epith. of Atlas).
Coellmontanus, a, um. adj. Of the Ccelian Hill, one of the hills of Rome.
tcoelipotens, entis. adj. Mighty in heaven,
cesium, i. »., pi. cceli. m. [itolAot.] 1. Heaven. 2. The sky. 3.
The atmosphere, a climate, the weather. 4. (As opp. to the shades
below) The upper air.
coemo, ii, emi, emtum. v. a. To collect by buying, to buy up.
ooemtio, onis. /'. 1. A purchase, a mock purchase to relieve an estate of
liabilities. 2. A form of marriage by which the wife was free from
tutela legitime.— See Smith's Did. of Antiq., in toe. Connubium-
ccena, a./. [Ooivri. | 1. The principal meal of the Romans, dinner, sup
per, usually beginning about three o'clock. 2. £A dish, or course of
dishea, at dinner. 3. JA dinner party.
coenaculum, i. n. A dining-room, an upper room.
tcoEnatlcus, a, tun. adj. Belonging to, depending on dinner.
Jccenatio, onis./, dim. Jcrenatiuncula, a. A dining-room.
Jcoenatorius, a, um. adj. Belonging to dinner; (n. pi. as subst.) dinner
costume,
ccenito, as, and cceno, as, c part, coenatus. v. «. To dine, to aup, to dine
on (c ace.).
Iccenosua, a, am. adj. Muddy,
coenfila, x.f. A small or plain dinner.
ccenurn. i. n. Mud, dirt, mire; (lit and metaph., and aa a term of re
proach) a dirty fellow,
coeo, is, ivi, itum. v.n. 1. To go together, to come together, to assemble,
to meet 2. To meet hostilely, to encounter, to fight 3. To agree,
to unite, to combine, to conspire. 4. To curdle, to coagulate. ;">. To
unite for the purpose of procreation—coire Bocietatem, to unite in an
alliance, Cic.
ccepi. per/, dtf. (v. I, at. Or.) v. a. and n. To begin, to commence, to arise,
cceptus, a, um. part. pass, of pres. Begun; (n. as subst) an undertaking,
coepto, as. v. a. and n. To begin, to attempt, to undertake.
cceptua, us. m. A beginning, an undertaking.
fcoepulSnus, i. >». A fellow feaster, a companion at a feast,
ooerceo, ea, oi, Itum. v. a. 1. To enclose, to surround, to confine.
2. To restrain, check, bridle, curb : postrema coercent, tbey bring up the
rear, Virg.
ooeroltio, finis./ Restraint, a power of checking.
 C (E T — C 0 L 85
ccetns, ds. m. [coeo.] 1. t A coming together. 2. An assemblage, a
company.
cogitate, adv. After thinking, deliberately.
cogltatio, onis./ 1. Thinking, thought, reflection (the act). 2. A
thought. 3. Thought (i. e. the faculty of thinking).
cogitatum, ii, A thought, an idea.
coglto, as. v. a. and n. To consider, to think, to meditate, to reflect, to
think upon. 2. To intend, to design, to plan.
cognatio, onis. f. 1. Relationship. 2. Affinity, resemblance (often
c cum and abl.). 3. A family, a number of relations.
cognates, a, urn. adj. 1. Related to, akin to. 2. Resembling.
cognltio, onis. /. 1. Knowledge, acquaintance. 2. A judicial in
quiry. 3. fDiscoTery, recognition.
cognltor, oris. m. 1. An advocate (at law), an attorney. 2. A
witness,
cognomen, Inis, and cognomentum, i. n. A family name, a surname, an
additional name.
cognomlnis, e. adj. Of the same name (sometimes c. gen, more rarely c.
daL).
cognomlno, as. v. a. To name, to surname, to denominate: verba cogno-
minata, synonymous words, Cic.
cognoscens, entis. part, of seq.; used also as adj. c gen. Acquainted
with.
cognosco, is, novi, nitum. v. a. 1. To be or to become acquainted
with, to perceive, to understand, to know. 2. To recognise. 3.
To examine into judicially, to take cognisance of. 4. To examine,
to reconnoitre.
cogo, is, coegi, actum, v. a. 1. To drive together to one place, to as
semble. 2. To collect (money, etc.). 3. To cause to coagulate, to
condense. 4. To contract, to narrow (usu. in pass. part.). .5. To
compel, constrain, force. 6. To infer, to conclude (usu. in pass.):
agmen cogo, to bring up the rear ; ut nee duces simus nee ngmen co-
garaus, that we may neither be first nor last, Cic ; me in semi-horse
curriculum coegisti, you have reduced me to the narrow space of half-
an-hour, Cic; cogo in ordinem, to reduce to the ranks, to degrade;— [they
said of Appius] nimium in ordinem se ipsum cogere, et vulgari cum
privatis, that he lowered the dignity of his office too much, that he mixed
too commonly with private individuals, Liv. ; in alternos cogere verba
pedes, to write in lines of alternating length (i. e. in elegiac verse), Ov.
cohaerentia, se,/. Coherence, consistency, connection.
eohanreo, es, si, stun, and in pres. cohseresco, is. v. n. 1. To stitch to
gether, to stick, to cohere, to be united. 2. To agree, to be consistent.
coheres, edis. m.f. A coheir, a coheiress.
cohibeo, es, ui, Itum. e.a. 1, To hold together, to hold, to contain,
to encircle. 2. To hold back, to restrain, to check, to moderate, to
subdue.
cohSnesto, as. v. a. To do honour to, to grace.
cohorresco, is, mi, no sup. v. n. To shudder, to shake, to tremble.
Conors, tis./ §tsync. cors. 1. A yard, a farmyard. 2. A division of
soldiers, a company, a cohort, the tenth part of a legion, three Mauipuli
or six centuries. 3. A crowd, a multitude, a company (esp. the retinue
of a magistrate in the provinces, &c) : prstoria Conors, the general's body
guard, Cass. ; the retinue of the prastor, Cic.
eonortatio, onis. f. Exhortation, encouragement.
cohortlcala, te./. A small cohort or company.
cohortor, aris. t>. dtp. To exhort, to encourage.
colt io, onis. f. A banding together, a coalition, a conspiracy.
coitus. US. m. A coming together, a uniting, combining, coition.
"tveolaphns, i. m. A blow with the hand, a slap.
08
86 COL
ColcMeus, a, nm, Colchus, 8, urn. Colchian. Colchis, Idis./". A Cokbian
woman, Medea,
coleus. i.m. A testicle,
•t-jcollphium, i. «. Strong food for wrestlers.
-rcoU&basco, is (no perf.). v. n. To be ready to fall, to totter.
coll&befacto, as. v. a. To shake, to cause to totter.
collabeno is, tactus. v. pan. 1 . To be shaken, to fall, to sink. 2. T»
be defeated. 3. To be dashed to pieces (of a ship). 4. To became
liquid, to dissolve. .
collator, eris, lapsus sum. 1 . To fell together, to fell, (esp. of buildings)
to become ruinous. 2. To fell in a swoon, to feint, to collapse.
Jcollaceratus, a, um. adj. Torn to pieces, torn. _
collacrymatio, onis./ Weeping together, weeping,
collacrymo, as. v. n. To weep together,- to weep.
Jcollacteus, and a. m./. A foster brother or sister,
fcollare, is. ». A collar,
collatatus, a, urn. adj. Extended, diffuse.
Jcollatlcius, a, um. adj. 1. Brought together, combined of many ingre
dients. 2. Raised or effected by contributions. _^
collatio, onis./ 1. A bringing together, a contributing, a contributx*.
2. A comparison: signorum colUtiones, the bringing together of the
standards, i. e. the engaging in battle, Cic
foollatlvus, a, um. adj. Capacious, large,
■(-collator, oris. m. One who brings together.
COllatus, us. m. An attack ; v. confero. _
collatus, a, um. part. past, from confero, q. ▼. Collatis signis, witn stan*-
ards brought close together (so that the armies fight), Virg.
collandatio, onis./ Praise,
oollaudo, as. e. a. To praise greatly.
+collaxo, as. v. a. To loosen, to widen,
collects, a)./. A reckoning at a club, a rated contribution.
Jcollectaneus, a, um. adj. Collected together,
collectltius, a, um. adj. Collected from all quarters,
collectio, onis. / 1. A gathering together, a collecting, a collertisa.
2. A recapitulation, a summing up. 3. JA syllogism. 4. JA tu
mour. .
Joollectlvus, a, um. Collecting circumstances, inferring,
collega, a3. m. A colleague in anything, a fellow actor, etc; ,
collegium, i. n. 1. Colleagueship, association in office. 2. A body at
persons united in office, etc., a college, a company, a guild, a corporation.
Jcollevo, as. v. a. To smooth, to make smooth.
collibet or -lubet. v. impert. It pleases, it is agreeable.
Jcollicice, arum. pi./. Gutters on the roof.
JcolUcttlus, La. A little hill.
collido, is, si, sum. t>. a. 1. To dash together, beat or press together.
2. (In pass.) To come in contact, in collision : Grsecia Barbarias lento colli*
duello, Greece contending with the barbarians in a protracted war, Hot.
colllgatio, onis. /. A binding together, a union,
colllgo, as. v. a. 1 . To bind together, to fasten, to unite, to connect *.
To bind so as to restrain, to check, to bridle. 3. To detain,
oolligo, is, egi, ectum. v. a. 1. To gather together, to collect, to as
semble. 2. To obtain, to procure, to get 3. JTo reckon. 4. To
reckon up in the mind, to consider. 5. To conclude, to infer: colligo
me, colligo animum, to recollect oneself, to compose, to recover oneself;
colligo vasa, to pack up the baggage, prepare to march (of an army): coge-
bantur orbem colligere, they were compelled to collect themselves into s
solid body, Liv. ; pnlverem Olympicum collegisse, to cover themselves
with the dust of the Olympic race-course, Hor. j colligor ex ipso domino
placuisse sepulchro, by my very tomb I am inferred, (i. e. I am proved) »
Lave pleased my mistress, Or.
 COL 87
collineo, as. v. a. 1. To direct (an arrow, etc.) straight. 2. To hit
the mark. *
collino. is. levi, Utmu. v. a. To smear, to defile, to pollute.
collinus, a, nm. adj. Of, on, growing on a hill, etc. : Porta Collina, the
gate of Rome, called also Quirinalii, near the Quirinal HilL
colllquefactus, a, nm. part. pass. Melted, dissolved.
collis. is. m. A hill.
collocatio, onis./ 1. A placing, a collocation. 2. Collocatio Alias (in
mat i imnnium, sc), a giving a danghter in marriage.
colloco, as. v. a. 1. To place, to set, to establish, to fix, to lodge, to
arrange. 2. To give in marriage. 3. To lay out, to invest (money),
to upend (one's youth, etc.) : melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos bene-
ficium collocari puto, I think a kindness better placed at interest (as it
were) with the virtuous than with the rich ; totum se in scientia collocare,
to employ himself wholly in, to devote himself wholly to science, Cic.
collocupleto, as. r. a. 1. To enrich. 2. To embellish, to set off.
collocutio, onis. f., and colloquium, i. n. Conversation, conference.
colloquor, iris, lScutus sum. r. dtp. To converse, to talk with, confer with
(c cum and abl.), also colloquimur inter nos, we converse together, Cic
colluceo, es, xi. r. n. To'thine, to bo bright, to sparkle, to glisten.
Ccolluctatio, onis./. Struggling, a struggle.
colludo, if, si, sum. v. n. 2. To sport, to sport with. 2. To be in
collusion with (c. cum and abl.).
collum. i. n. and tcollus, i. m. 1. The neck : posnit collum in pnlvere
Teucro, he fell on the plains of Troy, II or. ; cum paucia collum torsisset,
when he had seized (arrested) a few, Li v.; so, collum obtorqueo, obstringo.
eollio, is, ui, utum. v. o. To wash, to wash out. 2. §To moisten.
collusio, onis. / Collusion, a secret understanding.
collusor, oris. m. A playmate.
collustro. as. t>. a. 1. To illuminate, to fill with light. 2. To surrey,
to inspect.
fcollutnlo, as. r. a. To soil, to defile.
colluvio. onis,/, and tcolliivies, ei. / 1. Scum, offscourings, dregs (esp.
of people, etc.) : cum ex hie turba et colluvione discedam, when I get free
from this mob and rabble, Cic.
collybus, i, m. Exchange of money, agio.
+collyra, as./. Vermicelli.
collyrium, i. n. Salve for the eyes.
cdlo. is. lui, cultum. v. a. 1. To cultivate, to till. 2. To inhabit, to
dwell in, to settle in (not used of living in a house, but a country or city).
3. To cultivate (arts, habits, objects, etc.), to cherish, to attend to. 4.
To cultivate, to refine, to adom. 5. To honour, to worship, to respect :
nee vitam illam colore possum, nor can I endure that kind of life, Cic; in
amicis colendis, in cultivating friendship, Cic
*colo. as. r. a. To strain, to filter.
cdloc&situn, i. »., and J-sia, SB./ The Egyptian bean.
•Scolona. SB./ A countrywoman, a husbandman's wife.
colonic, SB./. 1. t An abode. 2. A colony (for the condition of a
Koman colony, see Smith, Diet. Ant. in voc). 3. The body of colo
nists.
colonlcns. a, tun. adj. Of, belonging to, coming from a colony.
colonus. i. m. 1 . A husbandman, a farmer. 2. A colonist, a settler.
3. §An inhabitant
color, oris. m. 1. Colour, hue, complexion (lit. and metaph. of affairs,
etc). 2. Condition, character, style. 3. Bright colour, brilliancy,
beauty. 4. Embellishment, attractive, ornament. fi. Pretext, ex
cuse, colouring.
color o. at. v. a. 1 . To colour, give a hue, or complexion to (lit and
metaph.). 2. Esp. to render brown, swarthy.
coloratus, a, run. §Swarthy.
o4
88 COL — COM
Jcolosseus, a, am. and tcolosslcus, a, am. adj. Colossal.
Jcolossus, i. m. A colossas.
t ^colostrum, i n. more iisii. in pi. 1. The first milk given by a eew
after calving, biestings. 2. Z A term of endearment.
coluber, bri. m., coliibra, m.f. A snake, a serpent.
colubrifer, era, 8rum. adj. Bearing serpents, having snakes for hair.
tcolubrlnus, a, um. adj. Of or like a snake, canning.
coluni, i. n. A strainer, a colander.
columba, 89. /, and Columbus, i. »., and §columbulas, U. A dove, •
pigeon.
tcolumbar. aria. n. A collar (like the hole in a dovecote).
Jcolumbarium, Lb. A pigeon-house, a dovecote.
columbarius, i. m. A pigeon- keeper.
columbinus, a, am. adj. Of or like a pigeon or dove.
columella, ee. f. A small column or pillar.
cdlumen, inis. n. 1. A height, the highest point 2. A gable. 3.
A support, prop : columen amicorum Antonii, the chief one of the friends
of Antony, Cic.
columna. ae./. 1. A column, a pillar. 2. Columns Masnia (Msenia some
times understood), a pillory in the Forum : excelsa columna, in the lofty
heaven, Cic (in verse) ; tanquam demissa columna in mare de ccelo
descendit, as a waterspout descends from the sky to the sea, Lucr.
f columia, e. adj. Safe.
columnarium, La. A tax on the pillars of a house.
columnar!as, i. m. A man who has been punished at the pillory (see
columna), a bankrupt, an insolvent
tJcolumnatus, a, am. adj. Supported by pillars : os columustum, a man's
head or face leaning on his hand.
colurnus, a, am. adj. Of hazel.
colas, i, more usu. us./. A distaff.
cSma, as. f. 1. Hair. 2. §A leaf, foliage, even grass (esp. in />'.).
3. §Wool. 4. (In pi.) Streams of light, rays.
tjcomans, antis, and *comatus, a, am. 1. With long, flowing hair.
2. With horsehair crest (of a helmet).
fedmarchus, L m. [niitni apxbs.] A burgomaster, a mayor.
combibo, is, bi, bltum. r. a. To drink, to drink up, to imbibe (lit and
metaph.).
combibo, onis. m. A drinking companion.
comburo, is, nasi, ostom. v. a. 1. To burn.' 2. (Metaph.) To de
stroy : ut Semela est combustus, how he was consumed with the love of
Semele, Prop. ; comburere diem, to pass the day jovially, Plaut
comedo, is (old 2nd sing, comes), edi, esum. e. a. I. To eat, to eat
up, to devour (lit and metaph.). 2. To squander: quern comes, whom
you are eating out of house and home, Plaut
comes, itis. m.f. A companion, associate, comrade (when an older person
is spoken of as comes of a boy, an idea of taking care of him is im
plied). 2. An attendant, (in. pi) the retinue (of a magistrate, etc.), the
court.
cSmetes, ae. m. [icopirri)f.] A comet
cornice, adv. In a comic manner, as in a comedy.
comlcua, a, am. adj. Comic, of, in, or like a comedy ; (m. as subst.) a comic
writer. 2. +A comic actor.
comis, is. adj. Courteus, affable, civil.
comissabuudus, a, urn. adj. 1. Revelling, riotous. 2. J Docked oat
as for a banquet
comissatio, Snis. /. A revel, a riotous feast, a festive procession.
comiss&tor, oris. m. A reveller, one who joins a festive procession : iste
comisaatores conjurationis, that gang of debauched conspirators, Cic ; co-
missator libcllus, a book read at revels, Mart
comissor, axis. v. dep. To revel, to feast to join a festive procession.
oSmltas, atia./ Courtesy, affability, civility.
 COM 89
comitates, us. m. 1. A band of companions, an escort, a convoy, a
retinue, a band, a multitude. 2. Companionship,
eomlter. adv. Courteously, civilly.
comitialis, e. adj. Of, belonging to the comitia: comitiales homines, men
who attended the comitia to sell their votes, Plant.
comi tiatas, us. m. The assembly of people in the comitia.
comitium, i. b. 1. (In ting.) The place where the comitia were held.
2. Any place of assembly. 3. (In pi.) The assembly of the people at
Rome : in some they voted in curias, in others in centuries, in others in
tribes. See Smith, Did. Ant. in voc. — Comitia Consulum, comitia for the
election of consuls, Li v.
comlto, as. v. a.; also, and in prose more usn., comitor, aris. v. dtp. To ac
company, to attend, to escort : [cum quidam quicreret quid ei cscitas attu-
liuet respondit] puero ut uno esset comitatior, that he had the more need
of the attendance of, or that he had the additional attendance of, one ser
vant, Cic.
commaculo, as. v. a. To stain, to pollute, to defile.
Jcommandfico, as. r. a. To eat.
* commampularis, is. m. A soldier in the same manipulus.
-j-commaritns, i. m. A fellow husband.
commeatus, us. m. 1. t A passage through a passage. 2. Leave of
absence, furlough. 3. JA train, a company of travellers, a caravan.
4. A marsh, a passage : duobus commeatihus ezercitum reportare consti-
tuit, he determined to bring his army back at two passages, to make
two passages for that purpose, Cees. 5. Provisions, supplies of all
kinds for an army : commeatus argentarius, profit made by dealing in
money, Plaut.
commedltor, aris. v. dep. 1 . To meditate on. 2. To resemble, to re
mind one of.
commemlni. v. dtf. To remember, to recollect
commamdrabllis, o. adj. Worthy of being commemorated, memorable.
commemoratio, onis. f. Mention (utu. honourable, but not always),
commemoration.
commemoro, as. v. a. 1. To call to mind, to bring to one's mind. 2.
To mention, to commemorate (sometimes c de and abl.).
commendabHis, e. adj. Commendable, praiseworthy.
commendaticius, a, am. adj. Recommendatory : liters commendaticia;,
letters of introduction, Cic
commendatio. onis. f. Recommendation, commendation.
co mm end ator, oris. m.,f. commendatrix, Icis. A recommender, a corn-
mender.
commendo, as. v. a. 1. To recommend (to one's protection, etc.). 2.
To recommend, make agreeable, acceptable, to introduce favourably
(pan. part, used as adj.) : quae res commendatior erit memorise hominum
sempiternal, what can better deserve to be recommended to the everlasting
recollection of mankind ? Cic; a me commendatissimus, most warmly re
commended by me, Cic
commentarium, i, and dim. commentariolum, i. 1. A memorandum or
note book. 2. A treatise, a commendary.
commentatio, onis. / I. Careful meditation, consideration. 2. * A
treatise, a dissertation.
commentlcius. a, tun. adj. 1 . New, newly invented, 2. Imaginary.
3. Fabricated, false, falsely alleged.
commentor, aris. v. dep. 1. To meditate on, to weigh, to consider. 2.
To discus, to dispute (sine c). 3. To devise, to invent, to contrive
(part, used in pass, sense) : commentata oratio,a seriously pondered speech,
Cic ; also tcommento : ora commentavi; I have marked his face, i. e, beaten
it, Plant.
Scommentor, oris. m. An inventor.
commentum, in. A contrivance, invention, fiction, a feigned tale.
90 COM
commentna. a, um. pari, from comminiscor, q. v. (used alto as adj.). False,
fictitious.
commeo, as. r. n. 1. To go to and fro. 2. To go to, to frequent (c
ad or in and ace., or c. adv. loci).
commercium, i. n. 1. Commerce, traffic 2. A right of trading. 3.
JAn article of commerce (uau. in pi.). 4. JA mart, a market 5.
Intercourse, communication : commercium habere cum Musis, to hare deal
ings with the Mutes, Cic; nee habet ullum cum virtute commercium, nor
has it any connection with virtue, Cic. ; belli commercia Turnut sustulit
iata, Tumus put an end to that interchange of kindness at times permitted
even in war, Virg.
commeroor, bit. v. dep. To trade together, to bur.
commereo, es. v. a.; also t*commereor. e. dep. 1. To deserve, to merit;
(often to deserve punishment ; therefore) 2. tTo commit a crime, to
offend.
commetior, iris, mensus torn. c. dep. 1. To measure. 2. To p:o-
portion (c cum and abl.).
+commeto, as. c. n. To go frequently.
commfgro, as. v. n. To go, to remove, to migrate.
commilitium, i. 1. A being, a fellow-soldier. 2. Companionship.
commlllto, Soil. m. A fellow-soldier, a comrade.
comminatio, onis./ Threatening.
commingo, is, inxi, ictum. v. a. To defile by making water on.
comminiscor, iris, mentus sum. r. dep. To devise, to invent, to
contrive.
commlnor, aria. r. dtp. To threaten.
commlnuo, is, ui, utum. v. a. 1. To make small, to break to pieces, to
crush. 2. To diminish, to lessen. 3. To defeat, to subdue, to
break (the spirit).
commlnus. adv. [cum manus.] 1. Hand to hand, in close combat
2. Near, coming close to (in Prop. c. ace. or c dat.) : jacto qui semine
communis arva insequitur, who after having sown the seed presses on
the field immediately (or according to another interp.) with his hand, i. e.
with a harrow guided by his hand, Virg.
commisceo, es, ui. mistum. v. a. To mingle, to mix, to combine (c cum
and abl. or §c. abl. or c inter and ace).
comnriseratio, onis./*. A part of a speech meant to raise compassion.
commiserescit. v. unpen. It moves to pity.
commiseror, aris. v. dep. 1. To pity. 2. To excite pity (as an
orator).
commissio, onis. f. 1. A beginning or engaging in games or a battle.
2. A contest 3. JA declamation.
commissum, i, n. 1. That which is committed to one, a secret 2,
That which is committed, an offence, a crime. 3. ^Forfeiture.
commissura, SB. /. A joint, a seam, a uniting.
fcommitlgo, as. c. a. To mitigate, to soften.
committo. is, mlsi, missum. v. a. 1. To join together, to join, to unite.
2. To bring together either for comparison, or in contest, to compare, to
set fighting: desiste manum committere Tcucris, cease to fight with the
Trojans, Virg. 3. To begin (esp. a battle, a contest, games, etc, once
even of a legal trial). 4. To do (esp. wrong, injustice), to commit,
offend: quasi committeret contra legem, as if he were offending against
the law, Cic 5. To give cause, to act so (esp. wrongly) as to give
cause (c. ut and subj.): ego nolo quenquam civem committere ut morte
multandus sit, I do not wish any citizen to render himself liable to the
penalty of death, Cic. ; non est meum committere ut negligens videar,
it will not do for me to let myself seem careless, Cic 6. To incur
(a penalty). 7. (Input.) To be forfeited as a penalty. 8. To
commit, to entrust (c. dat or c in and ace) (this construction not used
of entrusting to a person): commisit se in id conclave, he ventured into
 COM 91
that room, Cic; discrimen omne committunt, they run every risk. Quint,
commode, and dim. fcommodule. adv. 1. Conveniently, advantageously
2. Coorteoualy.
conimoditas, atis. /. 1. Fitness, suitableness, convenience, advantage.
2. Courtesy, kindness.
commodo, a*, v. a. 1. To furnish, to supply, to give. 2. To serve,
be serviceable to, to oblige (a person), (c. dat.). 3. +To fit, to
adapt.
commodum, i, and dim. commodulum, i. n. 1. A convenient opportunity:
cum erit commodum tuum, when it is convenient to you, Cic. 2. Con
venience, advantage. 3. Pay, wages (for public service). 4. JA
privilege. 5. That which is supplied or lent, a loan.
commodum. adv. Opportunely, seasonably : commodum discesseros quum
Trebatius venit, you had just gone when Trebatius came, Cic.
commodus, a, um. adj. 1. Adapted to, suitable, fit, convenient, agree
able. 2. (Of persons) Obliging, friendly, civil, courteous. 3. + Well
arranged, exactly measured, proper (in amount or size)
tcommolior, iris. c. dep. To set in motion.
commonefacio, la, feci, factum, r. a. 1. To remind. " 2. To men
tion.
oommoneo, ea, ui, Itmn. r. a. To remind (c gen. or c de and abl. or c. at
and subj.).
commonstro, as. o. a. To point out.
eommoratio, onis./ 1. An abiding, a dwelling, an abode. 2. Delay,
a dwelling on some particular point.
commorior, iris, mortaus sum. v. dep. To die together, to die.
commoror, aria. «. dep. 1. To remain, to tarry, to abide. 2. To
continue (in a condition, etc.). 3. To dwell on (a topic). 4. tTo
detain.
commotio, onis. / Commotion, agitation, a rousing.
commotiuncula, se.f. Slight indisposition, slight agitation.
commotus, a, am. part, of seq., but used also as adj. e. compar. Unsettled,
disturbed. 2. Excited, angry.
commoveo, es, movi, mo turn. v. a. 1. To move, to stir. 2. To re
move, to cause to retire. 3. To agitate, to shake, to disturb, to dis
quiet, to provoke, to rouse, to excite.
communlcatio, onis. / 1. A making common, a communicating, a giving
a share of. 2. A figure of speech, in which the orator seems to take the
opinion of his hearers.
commfinlco, as. To communicate to, to give a share of to (c. cum and abl.
pt-rs., more rarely c. dat.). 2. To communicate with, i. e. to consult
(c. cum and abl., or in Cses. c. dat. pen. and de and abl. of the subject).
3. To share : communicabo te mensa mea, I will let you share my table,
Plant. 4. To unite.
communio, is, ivi, itum. v. a. To fortify on all sides, to fortify,
communio, onil./'. Communion, mutual participation, share.
communis, e. adj. 1. Common as shared with others. 2. Common,
i. a. usual, ordinary. 3. Affable, courteous: communia loca, public
places, Cic ; communes loci, common topics, Cic ; commune exordium, a
general preface, appropriate to any side or question, a. commune, as
suits!., the community, the whole people, the state.
commonitaa, atis./. 1. community, fellowship, intercourse, participation.
2. Courteousness, affability.
commonlter. 00*11. Together, in common, jointly.
commnrmuro, as. v. n. To murmur, to mutter.
commutabilis, e. adj. Changeable, that may be changed.
commutatio, onis./ and tcommutatus, us. m. Change, alteration.
commuto. aa. v. a. 1. To change, to alter. 2. To exchange.
c6mo, ia, mpsi. mptum. v. a. To dress the hair (often c. ace of the hair, or
head) : aimuUtum compta dolorem, arraying herself in feigned woe, Lucar.
92 COM
comcedia, sb. / [nunipSta.] Comedy.
cdmcedus, a, um. adj. Of comedy, (m. as subst.) a comic actor.
:|cdm6sus, a, nm. adj. With long hair.
compactio, onis./. A joining together, a fattening together.
compactus, a, tun. part, from compaciicor (not used). Having made a bar
gain.—n. at subst., a bargain, an agreement, a compact.
compactus, a, nm. part. pais, (from compingo, q. v. as arf;.). Strong coo-
pact
compages, is. /, also gcompago, inis. / A joining together, a joint, any
thing that is strongly put together, that holds firmly.
compar, aril. adj. Equal, like (™. as subst). 1. A fellow, a mate, a
consort. 2. A rhetorical figure, in which the several members of a sen
tence have an equal number of syllables.
comparabllia, e. adj. Comparable to, that may be compared.
comparate. adv. Comparatively, by comparison with something else.
comparatio, onis. / 1. A comparing, a comparison. 2. A relation,
a ratio, a proportion. 3. Division by mutual agreement. 4. (In the
speech of an advocate) A set off, a balancing a good deed of the defendant
against the crime now imputed. 5. A preparing, preparation- 6.
The procuring, getting, providing.
comparative!, a, nm. adj. Comparative, arrived at by comparison (an opi
nion etc).
I comparco, is, peperci (no sup.), r. a. To save, to lay up.
compareo, es, ui. (no sup.) v. n. To appear, to be visible, to be evident.
2. To be present 3. To exist.
comparo, as. v. «. 1 . To put together, to join (sometimes inter se). 2.
To match (for a contest etc0- 3. To put by the side of as equal, to
compare, to place in comparison. 4. To divide by mutual agreement
(of consuls choosing their respective 'provinces). 5. To prepare to pro
vide. 6. To acquire, procure, obtain, get 7. To arrange, to settle :
sex (tribunos) ad intercessionem comparavere, they procured six (or pre
vailed on, or gained over six) to interpose their veto, Li v.
compasco, is, pavi, pastum. v. a. and n. To feed together.
compascuus, a, um. adj. Being a common pasture.
t-,'compedio, Is. Ivi, Itum. v. a. To fetter, to shackle.
compellatio, onis./ 1. An accosting, an address. 2. Sometimes
esp. in the way of reproof, reproach.
compello, as. v. a. 1. To accost, to address. 2. Sometimes in the
way of reproof, to reprove, reproach. 3. To summon before a court of
justice, to arraign.
compello, is, puli, pulsum. v. a. 1. To drive together, bring together
assemble. 2. To drive (in any direction), to guide, to direct 3'
To impel, compel, force, constrain.
compendiarius, a, um. adj. Short like a short cut
compendium, i n. 1. Gain (esp. one made by saving anything), a saving.
2. Saving of time, compression of language, brevity. 3. A shorter road
than usual, a short cut 4. JA short time.
compensatio, onis. / A balancing together, compensation : hie utitur com-
pensatione sapiens, the wise man balances the question in this way, Cic
compenso, a*, v. a. 1. To balance together, to weigh one against the
other, to compensate. 2. §To receive or have as compensation.
comperendinatio, onis./, and comperendinatus, us. m. An adjournment
(strictly only till the next day but one, but used also of those for a longer
period).
comperendlno, as. t>. o. To adjourn, to prorogue.—See above.
comperio, la, peri, pertum. r. a. To find out to learn, to discover : com-
pertum ego habeo, I am quite sure, Sail. ; so, compertum est mini (some
times this passive form is followed by do and abl.).
compes, edii.y. [pes.] A fetter, a shackle, any chain or bond (lit and
metaph.).
 COM 93
compesco, is, ni. no sap. r. a. 1. To check, to repress, to curb, to
quench (thirst, etc.). 2. +To forbear.
competitor, 6ris. m.,f. titrix, icif. A competitor.
competo, Is, Ivi, itum. v. n. 1. JTn coincide, to agree (of events). 2.
JTo correspond to. 3. To be sufficient for, suitable for, fit for (usu. c ad
and ace.). 2. JTo belong to, be due to (c. in and ace.).
compilatio, onis./ A stripping off and collecting, a compilation.
compflo, aa. r. a. To strip, to plunder, to pillage.
compingo, is, pegi, pactum, v. a. 1. To put together, fasten together.
2. To thrust into, to confine in (c in and ace).
compitalis, e. adj. Of cross roads ; («. pi. as snbtt.) a festival annually ce
lebrated at the cross roads in honour of the Lares Compitales.
compitalicius, a, um. adj. Of the Compitalia.—See above.
compltnm, i. n. A place where several roads meet, a cross road, a
road.
-f-compl&ceo, es, ni, Itum. t>. a. To please.
complano, as. v. a. 1. To level, to make level. 2. To rase to the
ground.
complector, iris, plexus sum. v. dcp. 1. To encircle, enfold, surround.
2. To embrace (lit. and metaph.). 3. To esteem, to regard affectionately,
to love as a friend, to be attached to the interests of. 4. To comprise,
to comprehend. 5. To understand.
complementum, i. n. That which completes, a complement.
compleo, es, evi, Stum. v. a. 1. To fill up, to fill, to complete (esp. in
number). 2. To provide abundantly (an army with stores, etc.). 3.
To complete, to finish, to perform (a promise) : Gorgias centum et septem
complevit annos, Gorgias lived 107 years, Cic; so, complerat genitor sua
fata, my father bad completed his allotted time of life, Ov.
completns, a, um. pari, of complex; also as adj. Complete.
complexio, onis. f. 1. A combination. 2. A summary. 3. A sen
tence, a period. 4. The conclusion in a syllogism, 5. A logical
dilemma.
complexes, a, tun, part, from complector.
complexes, us. in. 1 . An embrace, an enfolding, an encircling. 2. Af
fectionate regard. 3. The object of such regard, a bosom friend (only
once) : si in Ceesaris complexum venire posset, if he could come to close
quarters with Caesar, Cass.
compllco. as, avi, later ni. To fold up, to fold.
-complodo, is, si, sum, v. a. To clap (the hands).
comploratio, onis./, and compldratus, us. m. Wailing, lamentation.
comploro. as. v. a. To bewail, lament, deplore
complures, a. adj. pi. Several, many, very many, more.
-compluries. adv. Many times.
-rcomplnsculi, sa, a. adj. pi. Many, several.
Jcomplfivium, i. n. [pluo.] A space in the middle of a house to collect the
rain-water from the roof and convey it to a cistern.
compono, is, posui, posltum. v. a. 1. To place together, bring together,
unite, join. 2. To compose (a book or a statement), to write. 3.
To invent (esp. falsehoods, etc). 4. To arrange, to place in order, to
regulate. 6. § To lay up, to store up. 6. To settle, to agree upon,
to adjust. 7. To settle, appease, to put an end to (war, enmity, etc.).
8. To place side by side, to match (for a contest, etc). 9. To place
ride by side so as to compare. 10. To adopt, make suitable to (c. ad
and ace). 11. §To lay out (a dead body), to bury : regina se composuit,
the queen placed herself, i. e. lay down, Virg.; ante diem componet vesper,
evening will first end the day, Virg.— See Compositus.
comporto, aa. r. a. To bring together, to collect, to bring, to convey.
compos, Stia. adj. m.f. Having the power over, the control over (usu. c. gen.,
sometimes c abl.) : compos mentis, in one's senses, Cic ; corpore atque
animo vix pree gaudio compotes, scarcely masters of themselves, in either
94 COM — CON
mind or body, from joy, Liv. ; compos voti, compos spei, having gained their
wishes, their hopes, Or., Liv. ; compos preda ingenti, having gained a great
booty, Lit.
composite, adv. In a well-arranged or orderly manner, neatly.
compSsitio, onis. / 1. A putting together, uniting, combining, union,
connection. 2. Coherence, consistency. 3. A composition, a writing,
a treatise. 4. Arrangement, disposition (of things). 5. A reconcilia
tion, the adjustment of a quarrel, etc. 6. A compact, an agreement.
7. A bringing together (people, so as to match them for a contest).
compSsItor, oris. m. One who arranges, frames, seta in order.
tcompositura, 89./ Arrangement.
compositus, a, um. part, of compono, q. v., used also as adj. c. coropar. and
super). 1. Fictitious, false. 2. Well-arranged, skilfully conducted,
well executed, elegant. 3. Well prepared (c ad and ace of the object).
4. $Calm, sedate. 5. ^Compound.
compotatio, onis./ A drinking party.
tcompotio. Is. v. a. To make partaker of (c. abl. or gen. rei).
compotor, oris, m., / compotrix, icia. A fellow-drinker, fellow-reveller.
compransor, oris. m. A companion at dinner, a fellow-feaster.
comprecatio, onis./ Supplication, prayer to a deity.
comprecor, aris. v. iep. To pray to, to supplicate, to implore.
comprehendo, and sync prendo, is, di, sum. v. a. To take hold of, take,
seize, catch hold of. 2. §To catch at : ignem comprehendo, to catch fire,
Cics. 3. To seize, arrest, apprehend. 4. To detect (a crime), to dis
cover. 5. To comprehend, to apprehend, to understand : si quam opi-
nionem jam menubus vestris comprehendistia, if you have already adopted
any opinion in your minds, Cic 6. To comprise, to comprehend, to sum
up i rem eandem comprehenderat, he had explained or discussed the same
matter, Cic. ; comprehendcre multos amicitia, to embrace many in friendship,
Cic.; qua: memoria comprehendisti, which you hare cherished in your re
collection, Cic
eomprchensio, onis./' 1. A seizing, a laying hold of. 2. Arrest, appre
hension. 3. Comprehension, perception. 4. A sentence, a period.
5. (In rhetoric) Style, form of expression,
compresse. adv. Briefly, concisely.
compressio, onis./, and compressus, us. m. 1. Compression. 2. +An
embrace.
comprlmo, is, pressi, pressum. v. a. 1. To press together, to press, to
squeeze, to make close, dense. 2. To embrace. 3. To restrain, to
check, to repress, to hold back. 4. To suppress, keep to oneself, con
ceal. 5. To suppress, put an end to (a sedition, tumult, etc), to silence
(conscience), to tranquillize : compressis (quod aiunt) manibus sedes, yon are
sitting, as the saying is, with your arms folded, Lir.
comprSbatio, onis./ Approval.
comprobator, oris. m. One who approves.
comprobo, as. v. a. 1 . To approve of. 2. To acknowledge. 3. To
prove, to verify, to establish the truth of.
compromissum, L n. A mutual promise to abide by arbitration.
compromitto, is, misi. r. a. To make a compromissum.
comptus, a, um. part, from como, q. v., also as adj.. c. compar., etc. Adorned,
elegant.
fcomptus, us. m. Ornament of the hair, dressed hair.
compungo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To prick, to sting. 2. To brand.
3. t'l'o dazzle.
Xcomputatio, onis. / Reckoning, computation.
computo, as. r. a. To compute, to reckon, to count, to make a calculation :
facies tua computat annos, your face counts up (i. e. betrays your age), Juv,
ft computresco, is, rni. no sup. r. <i. To putrefy, to rot.
ijconamen, Inis. n. An effort, a struggle.
 CON 95
conatum, i. n., and conatus, ils.ni. An attempt, endeavour, effort 2.
An inclination for, a willingness to make an effort for (c. ad and ace.),
concedes, is./., esp. in pi. A barricade of trees cut down.
concalefacio. Is, feci, factum, v. a. To warm all through.
tconcaleo. es, ui, and in pres. and imperf. concalesco, is. v. n. To grow
warm, be warm, get warm, (metaph.) to be warmed with lore.
concallesco, is, ui, no sup. v. n. To become callous, hardened, expe
rienced.
+concamcro, as. r. a. To arch over,
fconcastigo, as. v. a. To chastise severely.
concave as. v. a. 1. To hollow out. 2. To bend, to curve.
concavus, a, um. adj. Hollow, hollowed out, vaulted, arched,
concedo, is, cessi, cessum. r. a. and n. 1. (a.) To go away, withdraw,
depart, retire. 2. To give way to, yield to (c dat). 3. To sur
render. 4. To pass into, to pass over to (from one condition to
another), to come under (c. in and ace.). 5. To grant, allow, permit,
concede; (pass, often as impers.) it is permitted, it is granted. 6. To
give up to, abandon from regard to, make over to : multi peccata liberiim
parentum misericordios concesserunt, many have pardoned the offences of
the children out of pity to the parents, Cic; concedite sylvse, farewell, ye
woods, Virg.
concelSbro, as. r. a. 1 . To haunt, to frequent. 2. To pursue (studies,
etc.) vigorously. 3. To celebrate, to solemnise. 4. To celebrate, to
panegyrise. 5. To make known, to publish: alma Venus qua; terras
concelebras, genial Venus, thou who lillcst the earth with life, Lucr.
concentio, onis. /., and coucentus, us. m. A singing together, harmony.
2. Agreement, concord, unanimity,
tconcenturio, as. ». a. To assemble by centuries, to collect.
conceptio, onis./! 1. Conception, a becoming pregnant. 2. A draw
ing up of legal formulas,
conceptus, us. m. 1. Conception, pregnancy. 2. JA collection,
concerpo, is, psi, ptum. r. a. 1. To tear to pieces. 2. (Metaph.) To
abu-*e, to revile,
concertatio, onis. /. Contest, esp. dispute, controversy.
', coucertator, oris. m. A rival,
concertatorius, a, um. adj. Controversial.
concerto, as. v. n. 1. To contend with, to rival. 2. To dispute.
concessio. onis. /. 1. An allowing, a granting, a giving leave, permission.
2. Admission, confession of error.
f concesso, as. v. n. To cease, lo desist.
concessus, us. ]»., only in alii, ting. Concession, permission, leave,
concha, ao. / 1. A shell, esp. an oyster shell. 2. A pearl. 3.
§The trumpet of the Triton, any trumpet. 4. A vessel for holding oil,
unguents, salt, etc; a cruet, a saltcellar,
conchens, a, um. Conchea bacca, a pearl, Virg.
tconchis, Is./ A kind of French bean,
fconchlta, as. m. A catcher of shell-fish,
conchyliatus, a, um. adj. Purple,
conchylium, is. 1. A shell-fish, an oyster. 2. A fish producing a
purple dye, purple. 3. +( In pi.) Purple robes,
concldo, is, cldi. no sup. v. n. [cado.] 1. To fall, to fall down, to fall to
the ground. 2. Esp. to fall dead, to die, to be slain. 3. To perish,
to be destroyed. 4. To fall, to become weaker, to abate (as the wind,
authority, etc) : hostes concidunt animis, the enemy lose heart, Can.
eoncido, is, cldi, Cisum. r. a. [csedo.] 1. To cut up, to cut to pieces, to
defeat, to destroy, to slay. 2. To beat severely, cruelly. 3. To cut
to pieces (so as) to weaken, to ruin, to destroy the power, or influence
or weight of. 4. To confute, to convict, to condemn. 5. tTo cheat,
to ruin,
eoncieo, es, Ivi, Itum. ; also imperf. concibam, infin. concire, +3rd sing.
96 CON
pre*, coneit , and part, fconcltus. 1 . To astemble together, to collect, to sum
mon. 2. To provoke, to excite, to route, to stir up, to disquiet, to agitate.
conelliabulum, £ n. A place of asternal;, a court of lav, a market-place,
etc.
conclliitio, onii. /. 1. Connection, union. 2. A bringing or coming
together in friendliness, a conciliating, a gaining over to one's tide.
3. An acquiring, acquisition. 4. An inclination for (c. ad and ace of
the object).
conciliator, oris. m.,f. -atrix, atricis, dim./ conclliatricula, as. I. One
who prepares, who brings about a connection, a conciliator, a match-maker:
qua; couciliatrix est humans societatis, which it the chief promoter of in
tercourse among mankind, Cic
tconclliatus, us. m. only in abL Union, connection.
eoncllio, as. c. a. 1. To bring together, to unite. 2. To nuite in
friendliness, to make friendly (of others). 3. To conciliate, to gain
over. 4. To recommend, make acceptable. 5. To procure, obtain
by purchase, to purchase, to acquire in any manner. 6. fTo make a
bargain. 7. To bring about (peace, love, friendship, for oneself, or
between others) : favorem ad vulgum conciliabat, it gained him favour
with the multitude, Liv.
conciliatus, a, urn. pari. pass, of seq., used also as adj. (c. compar. and auperl. ).
1. Friendly. 2. Inclined (c ad and ace): flore sstatis primo Hamil-
cari conciliatus, introduced to and favourably received by the elder
Hamilcar while in the flower of youth, Liv.
concilium, in. 1. A meeting, an assembly. 2. Etp. for consultation.
a council. 3. Union.
concinne. adv. Neatly, elegantly.
concinnitas, atis, and concinnltudo, Inis. /. Elegance (of style), neatness
(of expression), etc.
concinno, as. v. a. 1. To arrange, to prepare, to bring about 2.
JTo render.
concinnus, a, am. adj. 1. Well arranged, elegant, neat 2. Cour
teous : ut tibi concinnum est, as is agreeable to yourself, Plant
conclno, is, ni, centum, e. a. 1. To sing in concert 2. To agree, to
concede. 3. To sing, to sing of, to celebrate. 4. §To utter aa an
oracle.
concio, onis. /. 1. A meeting, an assembly. 2. A speech addressed
to a meeting. 3. A tribune to speak from, a rostrum.
concionabundus. a, tun. adj. Making a speech, haranguing.
concionalis, e. adj. 1. Suited to a public assembly. 2. Accustomed
to frequent a public assembly (for the purpose of exciting the populace).
concionarius. a, um. adj. Suited to a public assembly.
concionator, oris. m. A baranguer of the people, a demagogue.
concionor, iris. v. dtp. 1 . To make a speech, deliver a harangue. 2.
To declare, proclaim (very rare).
conclpio, la, cepi, ccptum. ». a. 1. To take, to receive, to catch. 2.
To conceive, to become pregnant. 3. To perceive, to apprehend, to con
ceive, to imagine, to form an idea of. 4. To conceive, to cherish (a
feeling of love, hatred, etc., or an idea). 5. To draw up, frame (an ex
pression, a form of words, a treaty, etc). 6. To announce, to proclaim
(as the Roman magistrates announced the auspices, the Latin holidays,
etc.).
Jconclse. adv. Briefly, concisely.
conclsio, onis./ A separating (a pamgraph into short sentences)
concisus, a, um., pari. pan. from concldo, used as adj. Brief, concise.
concitatio, onis. f. 1. A stirring up, a rousing. 2. Tumult
concltator, Sri*, m., and /. Jconcitatris, iois. A stirrer up, an exciter.
^concltatc. adv. Rapidly, impetuously.
concltatus, a, um. part. pass, of seq., used also as adj., c compar. and
 CON 97
■uperl. 1 . Impetuous, rapid : concitato equo, at full gallop, Nep. 2
Excited, Tenement, provoked, indignant.
conclto, as. v. a. 1. To excite, to stir up, to rouse to rapid motion or
action, to instigate, to impel.
eonoltor, oris. m. Ono who excite*, a stirrer up.
concitus, a, urn. pari. pass, of concieo, q. v., used also as adj. Excited,
roused up, provoked. 2. Impetuous. 3. Hurled (of weapons from
an engine) : concitus ad rixam, hastily plunging into quarrels, Cic.
conciunciila. ae. f. A short harangue.
conelamatio, dnis. f. A shouting together, a universal shout.
conclamo, as, and *conclamito, as. 1. To shout all together, to raise a
general shout, to shout. 2. To call out, to exclaim. 3. To call upon
(the dead), to bewail, to lament (often in pass, as impers.): ad arma concla-
matum est, the battle cry (lit. the cry " To arms") was raised, Liv.; con-
clamare vasa, to give the order for packing up the baggage (i. e. for
marching); jubet vasa conclamari, he orders the army to prepare to march,
Caes.
conclave, is. n. A room, a chamber.
concludo. is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To shut up, to enclose, to confine. 2.
To end, to conclude, to close, to terminate, to round off (a sentence). 3.
To conclude (i. e. to infer, to establish as a conclusion).
concluse. adv. Harmoniously rounded off (of a sentence, etc.).
conclusio, onis./. 1. A closing, a shutting in, a blockading, a blockade.
2. An end, a conclusion, a peroration. 3. A conclusion, an inference.
4. The consequence (in a logical argument).
eoncr&siunc&la, ae. f. dim. of prec An inference.
*concoctio, onis./. Digestion.
conccsnatio, onis./. A supping or dining together.
fconcolor, oris, adj. m. f. Of the same colour, wearing a dress of the
same colour,
fconcopulo, as. «. a. To couple together, to join, to unite,
concoquo, it, xi, ctam. v. a. 1. To boil up together. 2. To digest.
3. To ripen, to mature. 4. To digest (metaph,), i. e. to tolerate, to put
up with. 5. To revolve in one's mind, to ponder on, to consider
seriously. 6. To concoct, to devise.
Concordia, ee. f. 1. Concord, harmony, agreement, unanimity. 2. Al
liance, friendship. 3. The Goddess Concord : cum Pirithoo felix Con
cordia Theseus, with Pirithous his happy friend Theseus, Ov.
concordlter. adv., compar. -dins, -dissime, etc. Harmoniously, amicably.
concordo, as. v. n. To agree, to harmonise, to correspond.
concors, rdU. adj. Agreeing with, in harmony, united in feeling.
sconcrebresco. is, brui. v. n. To gather strength, to increase.
ooncredo, is, dldi, dltom. v. n. To entrust, to commit, to consign.
concremo, as. v. a. To burn, to consume by fire.
concrepo, as, ni, Itnm. v. n. 1. To rattle, to make a noise : multitudo
armis concrepat, the multitude clash their arms, Cses. 2. (As v. a.) To
rattle.
concresco, is, evi, etum. v. n. 1. To grow together, to congeal, to stiffen.
2. To grow up, to grow.
concretio, onis. /. 1. A condensing, condensation. 2. Concrete
matter.
concretns, a, mo. part. pass, of concresco, q. v. I. Condensed, thick.
2. Congealed, stiffened, clotted (as water with frost, hair with blood, or as
frost itself ). 3. Concrete, composed of (c. ex and abl.). 4. Grown
into, ingrained, inherent : concretus dolor, tearless agony, Ov. ; concretum
lumen, light growing around, Cic.
*concretus, as. m. Concretion, condensation.
fconcrimlnor, aris. «. dtp. To advance a violent accusation.
tconcrucio, as. c. a. To torture.
+JconcubInatm, at, m. Concubinage.
98 CON
concublnus, i. m., and /. -blna, re. 1. A concubine. 2. An adul
terer.
concubitus, us. m. A lying together, connection,
concubia nocte. At the beginning of night, at the time of the first
sleep.
concubo, sa, ui, Hum; and in pres. conenmbo, is. To lie together, to lie
with.
conculco, as. v. a. To tread on, to trample on, (lit. and metaph.) to crash.
2. To despise.
concapisco, is, Ivi, itum (also concupiens, Enn.). v. a. To desire, to
desire very much, to covet, to seek to obtain.
Tconcuro. as. v. a. To take care of. attend to.
concurro. is, ri, num. v. n. 1. To run together, to assemble, to meet.
2. To run (for refuge). 3. To meet in conflict, to encounter (c inter
and ace, or c. com and abl., more rarely c. contra and ace, §also c dat).
4. To concur, (of events) to happen at the same time : concurritur, they
engage in battle, Hor., so Liv.
concursatio. onis. /. 1. A running together, a flocking to the same
place, assembling. 2. A coming together so as to jostle, a jostling.
3. A running about from one place to another, a travelling. 4. Con
currence, correspondence, coincidence. 5. Z A skirmishing of light
troops.
concursator, oris. m. A skirmisher.
concursio. onis. /. 1. A meeting, a concourse. 2. (Tn rhetoric) A
repetition of the same words.
ooncurso, as. v. n. 1. +To come together. 2. To go to and fro, to
hurry about, to travel about
concursus, (is. m. I. A coming or flocking together, an assembling, s
meeting. 2. A clashing, a meeting in conflict, a conflict, an attack.
3. A concourse, a combination.
tconcussns, (is. m. (only in abl.). A shaking.
concutio, Is, ussi, ussum. «j. a. 1. To shake together, to shake. 2.
To shake up so as to examine, to examine. 3. To agitate, to disturb,
to distract, to disquiet, to excite. 4. §To rouse. 5. §To strike to
gether, to clash.
+condalium, i. n. A little ring for slaves to wear.
foondecet. v. itnperi. It is becoming.
fcondecoro, as. v. a. To adorn excessively.
^condeinnator, oris. n. One who procures the conviction or condemna
tion of.
condemno, as. r. a. I. To convict, to condemn (c. gen. or abl. of the crime,
more rarely c. de and abl., c. ad and ace. of the punishment, Jc abl.).
2. To condemn, i. e. to disapprove. 3. To procure the conviction or
condemnation of.
condense as, and tcondenseo, es, no perf. v. a. To condense, to consoli
date, to bring into close order.
condensus. a, nm. adj. Dense, thick, closely crowded.
condico, is, xi, ctrnn. v. a. 1. To talk over with, to agree with, to agree
in appointing, to appoint, to fix : cum mihi condixisset, as he had engaged
himself to me (to dinner), Cic.
tjcondignus, a, am. adj. Worthy.
condimentum, i. n. Seasoning (lit and metaph.).
condio, Is, ivi, itum, r. a. 1. To season, to spice. 2. To preserve, to
pickle. 3. To embalm. 4. To give a seasoning or relish, (metaph.)
to embellish, to make attractive, to make less unpleasant.
condiscipulattu, us. m. The being a schoolfellow.
condisclp&lus, i. «., and/ -ftla, as. A schoolfellow.
oondisco, is, dldlci, no sup. To learn with, to learn thoroughly.
conditio, onis./: [fir. condo.1 1. Condition (in every sense), state, situ
ation. 2. Condition, terms of an agreement, stipulation. 3. An op
 CON 99
portunity of settling (a daughter in marriage), a giving in marriage, a mar
riage. 4. An intrigue, (or personified) an object of intrigue, a gallant:
nulla conditione, on no account whatever, Cic
conditio, oni«./. [fr. condio.] A seasoning.
conditor, oris. m. [condo.] A builder, a founder, a maker, an author.
tcondltorium, i. «. A coffin, a funeral urn.
conditus, a, urn. part. fr. condo, q. v.
conditus, a, um. part. pass. fr. condio, used also as adj. (c. coropar. and
superl.) 1. Savoury. 2. Elegant, acceptable (of a speech).
condo, is, dldi, datum, v. a. 1. To put together, to compose (a book), to
build, to found, to establish. 2. To lay up, store up : condo aliquem
in carcerem, to throw a man into prison, Cic, Liv. 3. To preserve, to
pickle. 4. To hide, to conceal. 5. To bury (metaph.) : ensera in
pectus or in pectore, to bury a sword in his breast, Virg., Or. 6. To
spend the day: cantando condere soles, to sing till sunset, to see the sun
set while singing (like the expression in the Greek epigram, "HAiok iv
*.i<rxj) KKTtliaatitv) : condo lustrum : to purify the people at the close of
the census, to close the census.
condocif&cio, Is, feci, factum, and condoceo, es, ui, ctum. v. a. To teach,
to train.
condolesco. is, ui. itum. v. n. To grieve excessively, to be in pain.
condonatio, onis./. A giving away.
condono, as. t>. a. To give, to bestow. 2. To give up, to surrender.
3. To remit (a debt), to pardon (c ace. of the crime or punishment, dat.
pen.) : sibi ut condonarent filium orabat, he entreated them to pardon his
son out of regard to his own services, Liv.
Jondormio, Is, Ivi, Itum, and fcondonnUco, is. v. n. To sleep,
conduclbilis, e. adj. Advantageous.
condnco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To bring together, to assemble, to collect.
2. To unite. 3. To hire, to farm, to contract for, to contract to do.
4. To borrow. 5. (As v. impers., though hoc, id, or even hajc, ea, are
sometimes inserted) To conduce, to be beneficial, to be serviceable, to con
tribute.
conductlcius, a, um. adj. Hired, mercenary.
conductio, onis./ 1. A connecting. 2. A hiring, renting, farming.
conductor, oris. m. One who hires, rents, farms, contracts for.
eonductus, a, um. part from condnco (m. plur. as subst.). Mercenaries, mer
cenary soldiers ; (n. as suUt.) a hired house.
condupllcatio, onis./. Doubling, repetition.
fconduplico, as. r. a. To double.
fcondu/o, as. v. a. To harden.
rcondus, i. m. One who lays up, one who hoards.
*condytus, i. m. A reed.
tconfabfilor, aris. v. dep. To converse.
*confarreatio, onis./ A peculiar form of marriage.
*confarreo, as. v. a. To marry by making an offering of bread. — See Smith's
Diet, of AntUj., in me. Marriage.
conia.talis, e. adj. Connected by a similar fate, fated.
confectio, onis./! 1. A making, composing, completing. 2. Chewing,
mastication (of food).
confector, 6ris. m. 1 . One who transacts, completes. 2. A destroyer.
confectus, a, um. part pass, of conficio, q. v. (also) 1. Made, completed.
2. Worn out, exhausted, weakened. 3. Digested.
confercio, Is, si, turn. To cram together, to press close.
confero, fers, tili, latum, e. a. 1. To bring together, to collect : capita
conferunt, they lay their heads together (i. e. consult together), Liv.} coram
inter nos conferemus, we will consult together personally, Cic 2. To
confer. 3. To contribute (money), to contribute to, conduce to (c. ad
and ace of the end, %c. dat.). 4. To connect, to unite. 5. To bring
together (esp. in a hostile manner : confero manus, castra, signa, anna
h 2
100 CON
(c cam and abl.), to fight with ; mecum confer ait, fffht with me, says It,
Ov.; conferre gradum, to go to meet (amicably), Virg. 6. To bring
together for the purpose of comparison, to compare (c. com and abL, ore
inter [ae], or c ad and ace," or c dat.). 7. To compress. 8. To direct,
to turn. 9. §To change. 10. To employ upon, to devote to (c in
and ace. of the object). 1 1. To attribute, to ascribe (uau. c. in and ace.).
12. To postpone, defer. 13. +To adduce. 14. Confero me, to go, to
betake oneself (usu. c. ad and ace).
confertim. adv. Closely, in close order, in a dense body.
confertus, a, tun. pari. pass, of confercio, also as adj. (c compar. and superl.).
1. Filled with, full of (c. abL). 2. Closely packed, close, dense.
JconfervefXcio. is, feci, factum, e. a. To heat, to melt
conferveo, es. ui, no sup. v. n. To grow warm, hot (lit. and metaph.).
confessio, onis./. Confession, acknowledgment.
confessus, a, am. part, of contiteor, q. v., both in act. and pass, sense. 1.
Confessing, acknowledging. 2. Confessed, acknowledged, evident, ma
nifest.
confestim. adv. Immediately, instantly.
confIciens, entis. part, of seq. ; but also adj. (c comp. and superl.). 1. Effi
cient, efficacious. 2. Active, diligent in (c. gen. of the work).
conflcio, Is, feci, feetnm. r. a, (pass, confio, Is). 1. To make, to com
pose, to prepare, to complete, to perfect, to finish. 2. To cause. 3.
To ruin, to destroy. 4. To kill. 5. To collect 6. (In past.) To
be deduced from, to follow from (as a conclusion).
oonflctio, onis./ Inventing, invention.
oonfic tus, 8, am. part. pass, from confingo, q. v.
confIdens, entis. part, of confido, q. v. ; also as adj. (c. compar. and super).).
Confident, bold, audacious.
oonfidenter. adv. Confidently, boldly, audaciously.
confidentia, as./ Confidence, boldness, audacity.
+coufidentil6quus, a, urn. adj. Speaking boldly.
confide, is, fisus ram. v. it. 1. To trust, to feel confident. 2. To
trust in, to rely on (c. dat.).
configo, is, xi, xum. v. a. l.To fix, to fasten together, to join. 2. To
pierce, to transfix.
confindo, is, fldi, flssntn. r. a. To cleave, to cut asunder.
confingo, is, inxi, ictum. v. a. 1. To make, to form. 2. To devise,
to invent ( esp. so as to assert falsely).
confinis, e. adj. 1. Bordering on, contiguous (often c. dat). 2. Akin
to, similar ; (m. as subst.) a neighbour.
coniininm, L n. A border, a boundary, confines : mox patuit breve confi-
nium artis et falsi, it was soon seen how narrow is the boundary between
art and falsehood, Tac.
§confio. pass, of conficio, q. v.
connrmatio, onis. f. 1. Confirmaton. 2. Encouraging, exhortation.
3. An adducing of proofs.
conflrmator, oris, pecuniae One who becomes surety for a sum of money.
tconfirmitas, atil./ Obstinacy.
confirmo, as. v. a. 1. To strengthen, confirm, establish. 2. To en
courage (esp. by exhortation), to confirm in loyalty, etc. 3. To establish,
to prove. 4. To affirm, to assert positively : confirma te, get well, Cic. ;
confinnato corpora, when you are quite recovered, Cic. ; nunc erige te et
confirma, now do rouse yourself and take courage, Cic. ; eos confirmat ut
Romam pergerent, he persuades them to march to Rome, Sail.
*confisco, as. v. a. To confiscate.
eonflsio, onis./ Confidence, trust •
confisus, a, urn. part, in act sense for confido, q. v.
confiteor, eris, fessus sum. r. dtp. 1. To confess, to acknowledge.
2. To indicate, exhibit, make manifest
conflxnj, a, am. part, past. fr. configo, q. v.
 CON 101
conflagTO, as. r. ». (very rarely ti. a.). To burn to destroy by fire. '■
Jconflatura, ae. /. The art of melting and casting metal.
conflatufl, a, am. part. pass, from conflo (q. v.), also as adj. 1. Made,
made up, formed, composed (c. ex and abl. of the component parts). 2.
Got together, collected. 3. Kindled : consensus fratrum conspirans et
pene conflatus, the unanimity of the brothers agreeing, and almost, as one
may say, moulded into one will, Cic.
conflictio, onis./ and conflictus, us. m. A collision, a conflict.
conflicto, a*, v. a. 1. JTo strike to the earth, to rain. 2. (In pass.)
To be afflicted, harassed. 3. conflictor. as. v. dtp. To struggle against
(c cum and abl.: conflicto used in this sense by Jer.).
confligo, is, xi, ctum. v.a. 1. To strike (one thing) against (another).
2. To compare (more usu. v. «.). 3. To be in conflict, to contend, to
fight, to straggle (c. cum and abl., or contra and ace.) : causae quae inter sa
confligunt, conflicting causes, Cic.
conno. as. v. a. 1. To blow up, to kindle, (lit. and metaph.) to inflame
(passions, not persons). 2. To fuse metals, to cast, to forge. 3. To
bring about, to effect, to produce. 4. To get together, to collect
confluentes, inm. pi. m. (subaud. fluvii); more rarely in sing. The junc
tion of any river, esp. the name of the town now called Coblentz.
confluo, is, xi, xum. r. n. 1. To flow together, to meet. 2. (Metaph.)
To flock together, to assemble.
confodio, Is, fodi, fossum. r. a. 1. To dig about, to pierce, to transfix,
to stab : confore spero, I hope that it will be, Ter.
conformatio, onis./. Conformation, form, shape, arrangement : conf. vocis,
tone, voice ; conf. animi, an idea, a notion ; Bententiarum omamenta et
conformationes, ornaments and figures of speech, Cic.
conformo. as. v. a. To form, to fashion, to shape, to train,
confossus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. confodio (q. v.).
coniragosus, a, um. adj. (Of paths) Broken, rugged, (metaph.) hard,
jconfremo, is, ui, Itum, v. it. To roar in concert, to cry out loudly.
*confrloo, as, ui, atom. v. a. To rub.
confringo, is, frcgi, fractum. v. a. To break to pieces, to break, to destroy,
to put an end to.
confogio, Is, fugi, fugltum. v. n. To flee (esp. for refuge).
confugium, i. a. A refuge, a place of refuge,
confundo, is, fudi, fusum. v.a. 1 . To pour together, to mingle, to mix.
2. To confuse, to confound, i. e. to mingle so as to cause mistakes, to
mingle in disorder. 3. To combine, to unite. 4. §To disturb (a
treaty). 5. To confuse, perplex, confound. 6. To pour, to diffuse.
confuse, adv. Confusedly, in an irregular manner.
confusio. onis. / A mingling, a combining. 2. Confusion, disorder.
3. JConfusion (i. e. embarrassment) : crebra oris confusio, his frequent
blushes, Tac.
confusus, a, um. part. pass. fr. confundo; used also as adj. (c compar. and
super!.). 1. Mixed, mingled. 2. Confused, irregular, disorderly.
3. Confused, embarrassed.
eonfutatio, onis. /. Confutation, refutation.
eonfuto, as. v. a. To confute, to refute.
Ccongelatio, onis./ A congealing.
oongelo, as. r. a. 1. To cause to freeze, to congeal. 2. To make
hard, to harden : congelat in lapidem, it petrifies him, Ov. 3. ( r. n.)
To freeze, to become hard, stiff : congelat otio, he grows torpid from
having nothing to do, Cic.
congeminatio, onis. / An embrace. ■
congemo, is, ui, Itum. e. n. 1. To groan loudly. 2. (v. a.) To lament.
t»conger, gri. m. A conger eel.
congeries, ei./. A heap, a pile, a mass, a funeral pile.
congero, is, gessi, gestum. v. a. 1 . To bring together, to collect, to
H 3
102 CON
amass. 2. To build, to erect, to construct. 3. §To join, to unite.
4. To heap upon (c. dat). 5. To compile. 6. To accumulate (on
another), to attribute (many things) to.
tcongero, onis. m. A thief,
fcongerro, onis. m. A playfellow.
congestus, us. m. A heaping up, an accumulation, a heap, a pile.
+congialis, e, and congiarius, a, urn. adj. Holding a congius, q. v.
congiarium, i. n. A largess to the people of oil, wine, or even of money,
congius, i. m. A liquid measure of about three-quarters of a gallon,
congl&cio, as. v. ■>., also conglacior. pass, or dtp. To freeze, to be torpid,
inactive,
foonglisco, is. no perf. «. a. To grow up.
Jcongldbatio, onis / A gathering, a flocking together.
conglSbo, as. r. a. To gather into a ball or circle, to collect into a circle.
2. To accumulate, to collect.
conglSmero, as, «. a. To roll, to crowd, to press together,
conglutlnatio. onis./: A cementing, a joining together.
congHitlno, aa. t». a. To cement, to join together, to unite firmly. 2.
+To contrive, to put a plan together.
teongroeco, aa. v. a. To squander like the Greeks, to squander,
congratulatio, onis./ Congratulation.
congratulor. iris. v. dtp. To congratulate (c. dat pers.).
congredior, eris, gressus sum. v. dtp. 1. To come together, to meet
2. To meet (in a hostile sense), to encounter, to fight, to contend witk
(usu. c. cum. and abL). 3. To meet so as to converse with, to confer with.
congrSgabllis, e. adj. Easily brought together, sociable,
congregatio, onia./ An assembling, association, society,
congrego, as. e. a. To assemble, to collect, to unite,
congressio, onis. /., and congressus, us. m. 1 . A meeting. 2. t A
union. 3. An encounter, a contest
congrucns, entis. part, of congruo, q. v. 1. (Also as adj.) Agreeing
with, corresponding to, consistent with (c dat). 2. Uniform. o.
JWell-proportioned.
congruenter. adv. Fitly, suitably, in a corresponding manner,
tcongruentia, 89. Congruity, agreeableness.
congruo, is, ui, no sup. v. n. 1. To come together. 2. To agree,
coincide, be consistent with (c. cum and abl. c. dat or inter se). 2.
To correspond to (sometimes c ad and ace). 3. To be fit for, adapted to.
congruus, a, urn. adj. Corresponding, fit, suitable,
gconlfer, era. crum, and §c5nlger, era, ernm. adj. Bearing cones,
conjectio, onis./ 1. A hurling. 2. A comparison. 3. An inter
pretation,
conjecto, as. c. a. To conjecture, to guess at, to divine : conjectando rem
Tetustate obrutam, by guessing at a matter the truth of which is buried is
antiquity, Liv.
conjector, oria. m.,f. tconjectrix, IcU. An interpreter of dreams,
conjee tura, ae. /'. 1. Conjecture, guess. 2. Interpretation of dreams,
soothsaying, prophesying,
conjectuxalis, e. adj. Conjectural, proceeding on conjecture,
oonjectna, a, urn. part. fr. conjicio, q. r.
oonjectus, us. m. 1. A throwing together, a throwing, a hurling: vester
in me animorum oculorumque oonjectus, the direction of your minds and
eyes towards me, Cic. 2. fA crowding together, a uniting. 3. +A
heap, a pile,
conjicio, I», jeci, jectum. e. a. 1. To throw together, to throw. 2.
To bring together, to unite. 3. To direct, to tum, to drive, to impel.
4. To guess, to conjecture. S. To thrust (a weapon into an enemy, a
victim, etc.). 6. To squander, to expend (c. in and ace, of the object).
7. To utter. 8. To aim. Conjicio me. 1. To betake oneself to, go
to, retire to. '2. To devote oneself to (a study, etc) (c ad or in and
 CON 103
ace.) : qua causa cur in noctera se conjiceret, what the reason was for his
making such haste as to travel by night, Cic. ; hac crimina conjecta
aunt in tuam diligentiam, these charges are brought against your dili
gence, Cic; in metum Thessali conjecti, the Thessalians being terrified,
Li v.; conjecit se in fugam. he took to flight, Cic.
Jconjugalis, e, and -jconjugialis, e. adj. Conjugal, of marriage.
conjugatio, onis./ 1. A combining. 2. The etymological connection
or words.
^conjugator, oris. m. One who brings about a union.
conjugium, in. 1. -(-Connection, union. 2. Marriage. 3. §A
married person, husband or wife (with ref. to the other).
conjugo. as. v. a. To join, to unite, to connect: congregate verba, words
etymologically connected, Cic.
conjuncte. adv. 1. Conjointly, jointly. 2. Intimately.
conjunctim. adv. Jointly, in common, together.
conj unctio, onis. / 1. Connection, union. 2. Marriage (rare). 3.
Relationship. 4. Friendship, intimacy. 5. Connection of ideas.
6. A conjunction.
conjunctus. a, am. part. pass, of seq.; used also as adj. c compar. and
superl. (usu. c. dat). 1 . Connected, united. 2. Related, akin. 3.
Attached, intimate, devoted to. 4. Bordering on, contiguous to. 5.
Conformable to, consistent with : prope conjunctis sententiis, almost unani
mously, Cic. n. as sukst. 1. +A property of bodies (in opp. to a
separable accident). 2. Connecti in.
conjungo, is, nxi, nctum. <-. a. 1. To join together, to join, to connect,
to unite (usu. c cum and abl., sometimes c dat. ). 2. To continue.
3. To contract (vowels) : helium quod conjungunt reges, a war which the
kings carry on in concert, Cic. ; quern ego cum Deorum laude conjungo,
whom I put on a level with the Gods, Cic.
conjaratio, onia./. A confederacy, a combination, a oonspiracy.
oonj-iratus. a, urn. part. pass, of seq. One who has sworn, who has con
spired; (m. pi, as subst.) conspirators.
conjuxo, as. v. «., with pass. part. eonjdratus. To swear a common oath,
to conspire, to combine. 2. To swear.
c:njux, ugis. m. / A consort, a husband, a wife.
conaecto. is, exui, exum. v. a. 1. To connect, to join, to nnite (c cum
and abl., or c. dat,, or inter se). 2. To subjoin as a logical conclusion.
^connexio, onis./ A logical conclusion.
connex us, a, .tun. part. pass, of prec. ; also as adj. c. compar. 1 . Closely
connected. 2. Related to (c dat.) : persequere connexns his funeribus
dies, examine the events of the days following these deaths, Cic.; (n. as
sabst. ) a logical conclusion, the connection of an argument.
tconnexus, us. m. Connection, union, combination.
connitor, eris, nlsns or nixus sum. v. dtp. 1. To lean npon, to rest
upon. 2. To strive, to labour, to strive to reach (sometimes c. ut and
» ilc. or c. ad or in and ace. of the object). 3. To bring forth (as a
mother).
eonniveo, es, nivi, or nixi, no sup. 1. To close the eyes. 2. To be
closed (of the eyes). 3. +§ To be obscured. 4. To wink at, con
nive at (in sceleribus, Cic).
connixus, a, am. part. fr. connitor, q. v.
eonnubialis, e. adj. Of marriage, conjugal.
coanubium, i (abl. connOblO, trisyll., Virg.). n. 1. Marriage. 2. A
riirht of marriage, of intermarriage.
conopeum. i. n. [KiW-if.J A gauze net to keep off gnats.
Conor, axis. r. </</>. To attempt, to endeavour, to undertake.
conqoassatio, onis./ A violent shaking.
conqoasso, as. v. a. To shake violently.
conqueror, iris, questns sum. v. dtp. To complain, to complain of, or at, to
bewail, to lament, to express indignation at (an event).
II 4
104 CON
conqnestio, onto. /, and m. conque»tui, us. (only in abl.). Complab:,
lamentation.
conquiesco, is, Svi, etum. v. n. 1. To rest, to be at rest, to repose (lit
and metaph.j. 2. To sleep. 3. To halt (on a march). 4. To be
put an end to (of an employment, a war, etc.). 5. To find relaxation
(in a pursuit).
foonqulnisco, is. quexi. r. n. To stoop down.
conquiro, is, qnlsivi. qui siturn. v. a. 1. To seek for, search for, search
out, to seek for in different quarters, to collect.
conqulslte. adv. Very carefully.
conqoisitio, onis. /. 1. A seeking for, a collecting. 2. A levying (of
troops).
conqulsitor, oris. m. 1 . A recruiting officer. 2. +A spy.
conqulsltus, a, am. part. pass, of conquiro; used also as adj. (c compar. and
sUDerl.). Exquisite, recherche".
conBalutatio, onis. / A general greeting.
cons&luto, a*, v. a. To greet, to salute (of several persons).
consanesco, is, sanai, no sup. To become well again, to recover.
eonsangnlneut, a, urn. Akin to, related to, (§m./ as tulal.) a brother, a
sister.
consangulnltas, atis. / Relationship, consanguinity.
consaaoio, as. v. a. To wound severely.
conscelero. as. v. a. To pollute with wickedness.
consceleratus. a, um. part, of prec., also as adj. Wicked, depraved.
conscendo, is, di, stun. r.o. 1. To climb up, to mount, to ascend, to go
on board (a ship), to embark in (c. ace. or c. in and ace) : coaseeadi
navibus sequor, I put to sea, Virg.
conscensio, onis./ A climbing up, an embarkation.
conscientia, se. 1. A knowledge possessed in common. 2. Conscious
ness, knowledge. 3. Privity. 4. Conscience (good or bad) : ne qua
modestiara in conscientiam duceret, lest any one should distort their mo
desty into a consciousness of guilt, Sail.; quia meum in istius glorious-
simi facti conscientia nomen audivit ? who ever heard my name mentioned
among the accomplices in that most glorious achievement ? Cic
conscindo, is, sclde, scissum. r. a. 1. To cat or tear to pieces. 2.
To attack (with abuse) : sibilis conscissus, hissed off, Cic.
conscisco, Is, ivi. pra. infin. conscire (Hor.). v. a. 1. To unite in approv
ing, to approve of, to decree, to decide on in common. 2. To agree.
3. To be privy to, conscious of: mortem sibi ipse conscisset, he would
have slain himself, Cass. (Sometimes without sibi ; sometimes c in and
ace. ) ; facinus in se ac suos fredum ac ferum consciscunt, they determine on s
wicked and savage line of conduct for themselves and their families, Liv.;
consciscenda mors voluntaria, a voluntary death should be adopted, Cic; nt
exilium et fugam nos conscisceremus, that we should take refuge in
banishment and flight.
oonscios, a, um. adj. 1. Sharing a knowledge with another, privy to,
conscious, conscious of (sometimes c. dat. of the accomplice, c gen. of the
act, but sometimes also c dat.). 2. Conscious, i. e, knowing oneself
guilty ; (in. as subtt.) an accomplice, a confidant.
•fconscreor, aris. v. dep. To hawk so as to clear the voice.
§conscrIbillo, as. v. a. To mark (as a scourge does).
conscribo, is, psi, ptum. 1. To write, to compose. 2. To write down
in a list, to enrol, to enlist, to levy. 3. To draw up, to frame (a law,
etc.). 4. To scribble over. 5. +To mark (as a scourge does).
conscriptio. onis./. A writing, a treatise, a written minute.
conscriptns, a, am. part. pats, of conscribo, q. v., as adj. Chosen, conscript,
(a title of the Roman Senatus), (m. as $ubaL) a senator, Hor.
conseco, as, ni, aectnm. v. a. To cut to pieces, to cut up, to dismember.
consecratio, finis./ 1. A consecration, dedication. 2. $ Deification.
consScro, as. v.a. 1. To consecrate, to dedicate, to devote (lit. and
 CON 105
metaph.). 2. To devote to the infernal god?, to destruction. 8. To
deify. 4. To immortalise (esp. in part, past. ).
consectarius, a, urn. adj. Following as a consequence ; (n. as svbst.) a lo
gical conclusion.
consectatio, onis. f. A pursuit of, a striving to attain.
consectatrix, icis. f. One who eagerly pursues.
consectio, bnis.f. A cutting to pieces, a cutting down.
consector, aris. v. dep. 1. To follow, to attend upon. 2. To pursue,
strive to attain or gain, aim at, desire. 3. To imitate, to affect. 4. To
pursue as an enemy, to chase, to persecute.
consecutio, onis. f. J. A consequence. 2. The order in which one
thing follows another : ipsa detractio molc&tias consecutionem affert volun
tatis, the mere removal of annoyance brings pleasure as its consequence,
Cic
consenesco, ig, 'nui, no sup. 1, To grow old, to grow old in company
with, or together. 2. To decay, to become weak, powerless, useless, in
considerable, to lose influence, to grow out of date.
consensu), onis. /, and consensus, as. m. 1 . Agreement, unanimity,
content, harmony. 2. A combination, conspiracy : consensio, a band of
conspirators, Nep. Consensu (as adv.), unanimously : bellum erat con
sensu, war was voted unanimously, Lir.
consentaneus, a, um. adj. Agreeing with, corresponding to, consistent with
(c. cam and abl., more usu. c dat.) : quod consentaneum est ei dicere,
what it is natural for him (consistent with his character) to say, Cic
Consentes Dii. The twelve chief Deities, —Juno, Vesta, Minerva, Ceres,
Diana, Venus, Mars, Mercurius, Jovi, Neptunus, Vulcanus, Apollo.
consentio, is, si, sum. v. n. 1. To feel with, to agree, to agree with, to
harmonise (often cad and ace of the measure agreed to, ore. ut and subj.,
or c. intin.). 2. To combine, to conspire. 3. fTo perceive at the
same time. Consensit senatus bellum, the senate determined on war, Liv.
eonsepio, is, psi, ptum. r. a. To hedge, to fence, to enclose, to surround.
conseptum, i. n. An enclosure.
consequens, entis. part, of consequor (used also as adj.). Suitable, natural,
consistent with what has gone before ; (n. as subst.) a consequence.
consequentia, ae. /, and fgconsequia, 83. 1. The order in which things
follow, succession. 2. A consequence.
consequor, eris, secutus sum. v. dtp. To follow, to attend, to pursue (in
any way, for any purpose, as a consequence, an attendant, an enemy).
2. To follow, to imitate. 3. To arrive at, reach, overtake, attain to,
obtain. 4. To be full. 5. To rival, to equal. 6. To perceive, to
understand. Laudes ejus verbis consequi, to do justice to his praise by
words, Cic
consero, is. serui, sertum. v. a. I. To join together, to unite, to connect.
2. To fasten (a dress). 3. To place close to (c dat. of the more remote
object). 4. To fight (rare, usu. manus consero) : inter se strictns con-
seruere manus, they fought with drawn swords, Ov\; consertis deinde mani-
fatts, then engaging in close combat, Liv.; baud ignotas belli artes inter se
conserebant, they engaged in war, not without previous experience of one
another's tactics, Liv. ; ego te ez jure manum consertum voco, I make a for
mal claim to you; (manum conserere being a legal phrase for to claim a
thing by laying one's hand upon it before the praetor), Cic
consero, is, "sSvi, sltum. «.«. To plant, to sow (either the land or the
seed).
conserte. adr. Connectedly.
conservatio, onis./ Preservation.
conservator, 6ris. «<., /. -atrix, icis. A preserver.
tconservltium, i. n. Joint servitude.
conservo, as. <■. a. To preserve, to save, to maintain. 2. To observe
( a law, a promise, etc.), to keep, to regard.
eonservns, i. m.,/. conserva, a?. A fellow-servant, a fellow-slave
106 CON
coniessor, iril. m. One who sits by, an assessor.
consessus, us. m. An assembly of persons sitting together.
considerate, and Jconsideranter. adv. Considerately, circumspectly.
consideratio, onis./ Consideration, contemplation.
consideratus, a, am. part past, of considero, also as adj. (c compar. and so-
rxrl.). 1. Well-considered. 2. Considerate, circumspect, cautions.
considero, as. r. a. 1. To consider, reflect upon, contemplate, examine.
2. ft', n.) To consider, reflect, meditate. 3. (v. «.) To be cautious.
consldo, is, sedi, sessum. e. n. 1. To ait down, to sit: cum ad jus dt-
cendum consedissent, when they had taken their seats as judges. 2. To
•ink, to settle down. 3. To encamp, to station oneself, take np ones
abode, etc. 4. To subside, abate (of angry passions, etc.), to diminish.
5. To end. Consedit utriusque nomen in quaestura, the name of neither was
heard of as quaestors, Cic
tconsignatio, onis./ A written document.
consigno, as. v. a. 1. To seal, to seal up, to sign. 2. To attest, to
establish. 3. To record, to register. Insitae et quasi contignatae in
animis notiones, ideas implanted in, and as it were stamped upon, oar
minds, Cic
eonsllilrius, i. m., and *consIliator, oris. m. A counsellor, an adviser:
consiliarius Jovis, an interpreter of the will of Jupiter (of a soothsayer),
Cic.
consllior, aril. v. dtp. 1. To take counsel, to consult, to meet in council.
2. §To advise.
consilium, i. n. 1. Counsel, deliberation. 2. (Metaph.) A body met in
council; a council. 3. Advice. 4. An intention, design. 5. A
plan, a contrivance. 6. Counsel, i. e. good counsel, wisdom, prudence.
Quasi consilii sit res, as if the matter were still open for deliberation, Cses.;
maeni consilii est, it is a matter requiring great deliberation, Cic; lion»tor
pugnas consiliumque fuit. he was the instigator to and adviser of battle,
Ov. ; quid in eo genere efficere possis tui consilii est, what you can do in a
matter of that kind you must decide yourself, Cic. [They decide] unde
consilium fuerit culpam abesse, that where there was no deliberate intention.
there was no guilt, Li v.; ea uti deseram non est consilium, I do not intend
to abandon them, Sail.
consimllis, e. adj. Like, very like, similar.
conslpio, Is. Mente consipere, to be master of one's senses, Liv.
consisto, is, stiti. v. n. 1. To stand, to stand still, to stop. 2. To take
up a position, to be stationed. 3. To settle, to take up one's abode.
4. (Metaph.) To dwell (on a topic) (c. in and abl.). 5. To stand firm, to
hare a firm footing. 6. To consist, to subsist, to be. 7. To come to
a stop, to an end, to cease. 8. To be consistent with, to agree with (c
cnm and abl.). 9. (+ As v. a.) To render. Re autem ne consistes quidem
ullo judice, but as to the facts, you will not have a leg to stand on, let who
will be the judge, Cic. ; vita omnis in venationibus consistit, their whole
life is passed in hunting, Cass.; in quo non modo culpa nulla, sedne suapicio
quidem potuit consistere, to whom not only no guilt, but no suspicion even
could attach, Cic
consitio. onis, and consitura, 89./. Sowing, planting.
consitor, oris. m. A sower, a planter.
consitos, a, am. jkoU pan. from consero, q. v,
eonsobrinas, i. >«., and/. -Ina, as, 1. A cousin. 2. JA relation.
tconsocer, Sri m. The father of a husband or wife, considered with refe
rence to the father of the other.
consSciatio, onis./ Union, association.
consocio, as. e. a. 1. To have in common, to share. 2. To join, to
unite. 3. To decide upon in concert.
consficiatus, a, tun. pari. puss, of seq. (used also as adj. c superl.). United.
harmonious. 2. Agreed upon in concert, concerted together.
conBOlabllis, e. Admitting of consolation.
 CON 107
eonsolatio. onis.f. Consolation, comfort. 2. A consolatory discourse :
eonsolatio timoris, encouragement to allay fear.
eoncolator, oris. m. A comforter, a consoler.
consolatorius, a, um. adj. Consolatory, comforting.
eonsolor, aria, r. dtp. 1. To console, to comfort. 2. To encourage.
3. To alleviate.
+eonsomnio, as. v. a. To dream, to dream of.
^consonans, antis. m. A consonant
consono, as, ui, Iturn. c. n. 1. To sound, to make a noise. 2. To
rewound.
consonus, a, um. adj. 1 . Harmonious. 2. Consistent, proper.
consopio. Is, ivi. Hum. 1. To lull to sleep. 2. fTo benumb. 3.
(In pass.) To sleep.
consort, tis. §adj. 1. Sharing, partaking in. 2. Possessed in common.
3. Kindred, of a brother or sister, (more usu. as subst. m. /.) a partner, a
partaker, a sharer in, a colleague. 4. A consort, husband or wife.
%S. A relation, a brother, a sister.
eonsortio, onii. / and consortium, i. n. Community, fellowship, partici
pation, society.
conspectus, a, um. part. pass, from conspicio, q. v., also as adj. (c compar.).
Conspicuous, remarkable.
conspectus, us. m. 1 . Sight, a look, a glance : in conspectu, in one's
sight, before one's eyes. 2. A view. 3. Mental survey, considera
tion.
conspergo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To besprinkle, to strew. 2. To
sprinkle, to scatter.
conspiciendus, a, um. gerundive of seq. (as adj.). Conspicuous.
conspicio, Is, spexi, spectum. e. o. 1 . To look at, to behold, to per
ceive. 2. To notice. 3. fTo understand. 4. (In pass.) To be
conspicuous.
eonsplcor, aria. r. dep. To descry, to perceive, to see.
consplcuus, a, um. adj. 1. Visible. 2. Conspicuous, remarkable.
conspiratio, onis./. 1. Agreement, unity of sentiment, harmony. 2.
A combination, a conspiracy.
conspiratus, a, um. part. pass, of seq., but also ?as ajj- Conspiring, having
conspired (in Csss. II. C. the reading is doubtful). — See constipo.
conspiro, as. r. m 1. §To blow together, sound together. 2. To agree.
3. To combine, to conspire (in good or bad sense ; usu. c. in and ace. of
the object); (tpass. impers.): conspiratura est in earn a sexaginta amplius,
he was conspired against by more than sixty persons, Suet
consponsor, oris. m. A joint surety.
§conspuo, is, ui, utum, and consputo, as. r. a. To spit on, to besprinkle.
tconspurco, as. r. a. To defile, to pollute.
tconstabllio, is, Ivi, Itum. v. a. To establish.
cons tans, antis. part, from consto (used also as adj., c. compar. and super).).
1. Finn, constant, steady, unshaken, consistent. 2. Uniform. 3.
Obstinate. 4. Costing (fr. constat). Constantia magno [odia], costing
you dear, Ov.
eonstanter. adv. I. With firmness, constancy, consistency, steadily, un
moved, unshaken. 2. Regularly, unalterably, uniformly.
constantia, ft. f. 1 . Firmness, constancy, consistency, steadiness. 2.
Uniformity. 3. Perseverance.
constat, per/, stltit. e. impers. (sometimes also in 3rd pi., the nom. being
sometimes expressed). 1. It is evident, it is dear, it is universally ad
mitted, or known. Neque satis Bruto constabat quid ageret, nor had Brutus
altogether made up his mind what to do, Cres. ; inter omnes constabat, all
were agreed, Cic. 2. It costs (c abl. of the price).
consternatio, Onis. / 1 . Consternation, fright 2. Tumult, seditious
disorder.
108 CON
consternatus. a, am. pari, of acq.; a* adj. In conitcrnatian, in confasiss,
in diaorder.
consterno. as. r. a. 1. To overthrow, to throw down. 2. To throw
into consternation, into disorder, to terrify, to diunay. In fugara coa-
sternantur, they are alarmed and put to flight, Liv. ; multitudo ad arm*
consternate, the multitude terrified into taking up arms, Liv.
consterno. is, stravi, stratum, v. a. 1. To strew, to cover by strewing.
2. To throw down. — See constratus.
constlpo. as. v. a. To press closely together.
oonstltuo, is, ui, utum. c. a. 1. To put together, to place, to arrange, to
statiou, to post (an army, etc.). 2. To marshal, to array. 3. To halt,
i. e. to cause to halt. 4. To settle, to establish. 5. To build, to erect,
to found, to make. 6. To appoint, to determine, to fix (often c infill.).
7. To fix in concert with, to agree upon with (c. Cum and abl., or c. inter
and ace.). 8. To resolve, to determine (to do so and so).
oonatltutio, onis. /. 1. A constitution, disposition, natural character.
2. (In rhetoric) The point in dispute. 3. A regulation.
^constitutor, oris. m. An establishes
constltutum, La, 1. An institution. 2. An agreement.
oonsto, as, stiti, statum. v. n. 1. To stand, to stand firm, to remain, la
endure, to last : quo mente vix constes, through which you are scarcely is
your senses, Cic. ; Vitruvio nee Sana constare mens, Vitruvius began to be
almost beside himself, Liv. 2. To agree, to agree with, correspond to,
be consistent with (c. com and abl., or c. dat). 3. To subsist, exist,
consist (often c ex and abl.). Monuit ejus diei victoriam in eorum virtu t*
constare, he warned them that the victory of that day depended on their
valour, Cass. —See constat.
oonstratum, i. n. A platform, a row of planks placed to walk on.
constratus, a, urn. pari. pass, from consterno (q. v.).
constrictus, a, um. pari. pass, from constringo ; also as adj. (c. compar. etc).
Abridged, concise, compact. Psephismata jurejurando constricta, decree*
ratified by an oath, Cic; constrictam jam omnium horum conscientia teneri
conjurationem tuam non vides ? do you not see that your conspiracy is
hampered and held in check by the consciousness that all these men before
you have of it ? Cic
constructio, onis./. 1. A putting together, a construction. 2. Connec
tion.
construo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To heap up, to gather together. 2. To
put together, to build, to construct, to make. 3. To arrange.
Jconstupeo, es, ui. no sup. To be utterly amazed, astonished.
constuprator, oris. m. A denier, a ravisher.
constupro, as. v. a. To ravish, to defile
1 consuadeo, es, si, sum. To advise (c dat. pers.).
consuasor, oris. m. An adviser.
consuefacio, Is, feci, factum, v. a. To accustom, to habituate.
oonsuesco, is, suevi. part, in pass, form consuetus. t>. n., §lst. pi. pret. con-
suemus: prop. 1. To be accustomed, to be wont, to be habituated,
2. To have intercourse (sexual) with. 3. ( t ''. a.) To accustom, to ha
bituate.
consnetudo, Inil./. 1. Custom, habit, usage. 2. Intimacy, familiar
friendship. 3. Intercourse, sexual connection : consuetudo epistolarum,
epistolary correspondence, Cic.
consuetus, a, nm. pari, of consuesco. 1 . Accustomed, habituated, in the
habit of. 2. Customary, usual, habitual.
consul, ulis. m. 1. The chief yearly magistrate at Rome. 2. A pro
consul (rare).
tonsillaris, e. adj. 1. Of a consul, like a consul, worthy of a consul.
, 2. Of consular rank, having been consul (in this sense often as subsuy.
consulatus, us. m. The consulship.
consulo, is, ui, solturn. v.n. 1. To deliberate, to take counsel, to con
 CON 109
suit 2. To come to a decision. 3. (c dat.). To consult a person's
interests, to provide for his welfare, to regard. Timori magis qiiam religioni
consulere, to be influenced by fear rather than by religion, Cses. 4. (r. a.
c ace) To consult, i. e. to ask the opinion of, esp. to consult an oracle or
a lawyer. 5. Consulo boni, to be satisfied with, to put a favourable con
struction on. De perfugis gravius consultum, they came to a sterner decision
respecting (i. e. they inflicted severer punishment on) the deserters. Liv.;
munus hoc eorum qui consuluntur, this is the business of the lawyers (i. e.
of those who are consulted as counsel).
consul tatio, onis./ 1. Deliberation, consideration. 2. A subject for
deliberation. 3. Consultation, asking for advice, inquiry.
comnlte. adv. Deliberately, advisedly, cautiously.
consulto. adv. Deliberately, i. e. on purpose.
eonsulto, aa. e. n. 1. To deliberate, to consider, to reflect 2. To
provide for, regard the interest of (c. dat). 3. (v. a.) To consult, to
ask advice of : ad hoc consultanda mnltitudine conversi, the multitude
now having its attention turned to deliberating on these matters, Liv.
conjultor, oris. m. 1. An adviser, a counsellor (chiefly in Sail.). 2.
A consultor, one who asks advice.
consul trix, icis./ One who provides for, who has a care for.
consultum. La. 1. A consultation of an oracle. 2. A decree (of the
senate). 3. A decision, a resolution.
consultus, a, um. part. pass, of consulo, q. v.; also as adj. (c. compar. and
anperL). 1. Fully considered, examined (of a matter). 2. Being con
sulted, having one's opinion asked. 3. Skilful in, well versed in, of
profound knowledge (c. gen. of the knowledge); (in. as subst.) a lawyer.
consultus. us. m. 1. Deliberation, prudence. 2. A decree.
+ consum. only in fut. confore and confuturum. To be, to happen.
Cconsummatio, onis. / 1. Connection. 2. An end, a consummation,
a completion : eonsummatio gladiatorum, the test of the skill of gladiators,
Plin.
eonsnmmo, aa. r. a. To complete, to finish, to consummate.
consume if, mpai, mptum. v. a. 1. To consume, to eat, to devour. 2.
To destroy, to wear away. 3. To expend, to spend (money or time), to
waste, to squander. 4. To exhaust, to impair, to carry off (as a dis
ease does) : com mare, cum terras consumpserit, sra teutet, when he has
exhausted sea and air, let him try the sky (seek a refuge there), Ov.
consumptio, onis. / A consuming, consumption : consumptio opera, an
expenditure of trouble, Cic.
consumptor, oris. m. A consumer, a destroyer.
teoniuo, is, si, utum. v. a. To stitch together, to contrive.
consuxgo, is, surrexi. v. n. To rise, to rise up, stand up : Hispania ad hel
ium conturrexit, Spain rose in insurrection, Liv.
+consusnm>, aa. v. n. To whisper together.
contabesco, is, bni, no sup. c. a. To waste away, to pine away.
contabula tio, onis./ A floor, a covering of boards.
contabulo, as. e. a. To cover with boards, to floor. Contabulatum mare
molibua, the sea being bridged over (the Hellespont by Xerxes), Curt
contactns, 6s. m. 1. Touch, contact. 2. Contagion.
eontact us. a, um. pari. pass. fr. contingo, q. v. (esp.). Infected, struck by
contagion, polluted, denied.
+Scontages, is. / 1. Contact. 2. Contagion.
contagio, onis./, and contagium, i «. 1. Contact, union. 2. Con
tagion, infection.
contamlno, aa. r. a. 1. +To blend, to unite. 2. To contaminate, to
pollute, to defile, to mar.
contego. ia, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To cover, to cover up or over. 2. To
conceal, to hide. 3. To bury (c. abl. of the ground or grave, etc.).
leonUmiro, as. v. a. To defile, to pollute.
contemnendus, a, um. genmdne of aeq. ; as adj. Despicable, contemptible.
110 CON
contemno, is, mpsi, mptum. r. a. To despite, to contemn. '
oontemplatio. onis./ 1. A viewing, a view, a survey. 2. Contem
plation, meditation. 3. ^Careful aim.
contemplator, oris. m. One who contemplates, meditates on.
Scontemplatus, us. m. (only in abl.). Contemplation, meditation.
eontemplor, aris. v. dep., and fcontemplo, as. v. a. 1. To surrey.
2. To contemplate, to consider, to meditate on. 3. To observe, to
notice ; contemplatus once used in pan. sense : contemplate situ Car-
thaginis red i it, having surveyed the position of Carthage, he returned.
contemptim. adv. Disdainfully, scornfully.
contemptio, onis./, and contemptus. us.m. Contempt, disdain, scorn.
contemptor, oris, m., and / -triz, tricis. A despiser, scorner, disdsuner.
contemptus, a, us. pari. pan. of contemno; used also as adj. (c compar. and
superl.). Contemptible, despicable, vile.
contendo, is. di, turn. r. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) §To stretch, to draw tight,
to strain, to bend (a bow). 2. §To hurl, to shoot. 3. To exert (the
mind, one's strength, etc). 4. Labour at, seek to carry out 5. To
entreat earnestly, to beg (not c ace of the thing solicited, c ab and abl. el
the person solicited, c. ut or ne and subj. of the object). 6. To affirm
positively, to assert emphatically, to maintain. 7. To contrast, to com
pare. 8. (r. «.) To labour, to strive, to exert oneself. 9. To go, to go
towards; often contendit ire, he sets out to go, Cies. 10. To contend
with, struggle with. Cum inter se raultos annos contenderent, at they had
been contending together for many years, Caes.; remittendum est aliquia
ne omnia contendamus, we must pass over some things that we may not
strain every point, Cic.
contente. adv. 1. Eagerly, with exertion, energetically. 2. +Spax-
ingly, scantily.
contentio, onis. / 1. A stretching tight, a straining, tension. 2.
Violent exertion. 3. Contention, a contest. 4. Comparison, a con
trasting. 5. ( In rhetoric) Antithesis.
cantentus, a, urn. part. pan. of contendo, as adj. 1. Tightened, tight.
2. Eager, fully exerted : content! voce, at the top of his voice, Cic,
contentus a, um. adj. [contineo.] Contented, satisfied, content
tSConterebromius, a, urn. adj. Wandered over by Bacchus.
contcrmlnus, a, um. adj. Bordering on (c. dat.), contiguous.
contero. is, trivi, tritum. r. a. 1. To grind, to bruise, to crumble, to
rub together, to wear away by rubbing, to wear out. 2. To spend, to-
pass (time, life, etc). 3. To trample under foot (metaph.) : an ille se in
musicis contereret? should he spend all his time in the ttudy of music?
Cic; ejus gravistimas injurias voluntaria quadam oblivione contriVerant,
I had on purpose as it were buried the gravest injuries he had done me in
oblivion, Cic. ; que sunt horum temporum ea jam contrivimus, such topic*
as are suited to these times I have already exhausted, Cc
conterreo. cs. ui. Ham. v. a. To frighten, alarm, terrify.
contestatio, onis. /. An earnest entreaty.
eontestatus, a, um. part, of seq. ; also in pan. sense. Well attested,
notorious.
contestor, bis. v. dtp. 1. To call to witness. 2. Contestor litem, to
enter on a lawsuit by calling witnesses, to bring an action.
contexo, is, ui, xtum. r. a. 1. To weave, to weave together, to twine,
to connect. 2. To put together, to make. 3. To devise, to invent.
oontexte. a, It: In close connection.
contextus. us. m. Connection, coherence, agreement : in contexta opens, in
the progress of the work, Tac.
contlcesco. is, ui, no sup. 1. To become silent, to be silent. 2. To be
still, stilled.
t§conticinium. i. a. Evening.
oontignatio, onis. f. A joining of beams, a flooring, a floor : tenia contig-
natio, the third story, Hut.
 CON 111
contigno, as. r. a. To unite by beams, to floor.
contlguua, a, tun. 1. Contiguous, adjacent. 2. §Within reach (c
dat).
continens. entis. jarl. of contineo; used as adj. 1. Adjacent, neighbour
ing, contiguous (c. dat). 2. Following close upon (an event, etc.), con
nected with. Continentibus diebus, on the following days, Cses. 3.
Continued, uninterrupted, continuing successively, in unbroken succession.
4. Continent, temperate, chaste. Continentes causae-, and in n. pi. conti-
nentia, the chief point, that on which a matter turns, Cic. Continens
terra, and continens by itself as subst.f., the mainland, the continent:
continentes sylvae, c. montes, a chain of woods, a chain of mountains,
Ca-j. Liv. ; neque consul, se continenti genere tertiam victimam rei-
pnlilicse prebuisset, nor would the consul have devoted himself for the re
public, as the third victim of his family in unbroken descent, Cic.
contlnenter. adv. 1. Continuously, uninterruptedly, in unbroken succes
sion. 2. Continently, temperately, soberly.
contlnentia, 89. /. 1. JA holding back. 2. Continence, temperance.
contineo, es, ni, tentum. v. a. 1. To hold together, to connect 2.
To hold, to contain, to comprise, to comprehend. 3. To surround, en
compass, encircle, confine. 4. To preserve, to retain, to keep. 5.
To keep together, to restrain, repress, check, bridle.
contingo, Is, tlgi, tactura. v. a. 1. To touch, to lay one's hand on, to
take hold of. 2. To touch with the mouth, to taste, to eat. 3. To
reach, arrive at, attain to. 4. To affect, influence (as passions, etc do).
5. To come or be in contact with, to touch, to border on, be adjacent to.
6. To be connected with, related to (c. ace). 7. To happen to, to be
fall (c. dat) (usu. of favorable events, but not always), to arise, to happen.
gcontingo, is, xi. (for continguo). v. a. To moisten, to besprinkle.
continuatio, onis./. 1. A series, a long succession. 2. A sentence,
a priod.
continue adv. 1. Immediately, instantly. 2. As a necessary conse
quence; (in an argument) inevitably, at once.
continue as. v. a. 1. To connect, to join, to unite (c. dat. of the more
remote object). 2. To place together, so as to make a row. Int;ens
cupido at;ro« continnandi, a vehement desire to add field to field, Liv.;
fundus quos continuavit, farms which he has bought or inherited contiguous
to one another, Cic. 3. To continue uninterruptedly. Diem nnctemque
continuare pntando, to continue drinking day and night (or perhaps to
unite day and night in drinking bouts), Tac; Sinonibus Sitonum gentes
continuantur, the Sitones border on the Sinones, Tac.; paci externa; con-
featim contintiatur discordia domi, domestic dissensions follow immediately
on the establishment of peace abroad, Liv.
oontinuus. a, tun. adj. 1. Continuous, connected together, joining, adja
cent, continued in unbroken series. 2. Successive, Continua die, the
next day, Ov. ; Leucada continuam veteres habuere coloni, in the time of
the ancient inhabitants Leucas was joined to the continent, Ov. ; continuus
fortuna' ictus, repeated strokes of (hard) fortune, Ov.
eontorqaeo, es, si, tarn. v. a. 1. To twist, to turn about, to turn. 2.
§To wheel round and round. 3. To guide, to direct, to steer. 4. To
hurl, throw, shoot. 5. To twist (an argument, etc.), to distort, con-
tortus.
contorte. adv. In a forced, unnatural manner.
contortio, onis. / 1. A whirling round: contortiones orationia, twist-
ings of language, quibbles, fallacies, Cic
contortus. a. am part. pass, of contorqueo; used also as adj., and dim.
oontort&lns, a. tun. 1. Twisted, wrested unnaturally. 2. Involved,
cnmpl cated, intricate. 3. Vehement, energetic (of language, etc.).
contra- prep, c ace, also adv. 1. (prep.) Opposite to, over against. 2.
Against, in opposition to, contrary to. 3. (as adv.) Opposite. 4. On
the contrary, on the other hand : contra est, the contrary is the fact, Cic
112 CON
(in thu sense often followed by atqne, ae, or quam). Contra ae Deiotaros
sensit, contrary to the opinion of Deiotarus, Cic; contra quam ipse ces-
suisset, contrary to his own opinion, Cic.
contractu), onis. / 1. Contraction. 2. Compression, an abridging.
contractiuncula animi. Depression of spirits, Cic.
contractu, a, um. part. pan. of eontraho, used also as adj. (c. compar.'i.
Contracted, limited, narrow, small, scanty. 2. Concise (of language).
§3. Retired, solitary (of a person). 4. Contracted (of a face), wrinkled
(through care, etc.). 5. Entered into, contracted (affairs, debt, war, etc).
Quid sit optimum male contractis rebus video, I see what must be done
now that affairs are in a bad condition, Cic. ; sollicitiorem eerte homines,
non suis contractis, neminem video, I see no one in greater perplexity, though
not through his own fault, Cic
tcontradico. is. xi. ctum. r. a. To contradict (c. dat).
eontraho. his. xi. ctum. r. a. 1. To draw together, to collect. 2. Ts
contract, to narrow, to compress, to abridge, (of sails) to draw in, to reef,
to furl, (of a face) to contract with frowns, wrinkles, etc 3. To curs,
to bridle. Te rogo ne contrahas et demittas animum, I entreat you not to let
your courage be diminised or depressed, Cic 4. To make, to conclude
a bargain. Qui contrahendis negotiis implicantur, who are occupied in
business, Cic ; cum illo nemo rem ullam contrahebat, no one transacted any
business, had any intercourse, with him, Cic 5. To cause, to produce.
6. To contract, incur.
tcontrapono. is, posui, posltum. r. a. To place opposite.
contrarie and contrario. adv. In a contrary manner, on the contrary.
contrarius. a. urn. adj. 1. Opposite to. 2. Contrary, different.
3. Opposed, adverse, hostile, unfavourable : orationee inter ae com.-ar.t.
speeches different from one another, Cic; versantur retro contrario rcotio
atque ccelum, they go backwards with a motion contrary to that of the
heaven, Cic
contrectatio, (nil./ Touching, handling.
contrecto. at. v. a. 1. To touch, to handle. 2. To meddle witb, apply
oneself to. 3. JTo violate, defile.
eontremo. is, and in prose contremisco, is. mui (no sup.). ]. Ts
tremble, to shake. 2. To fear. 3. To waver.
contrfbuo, is. ui. utum. c. a. 1. To enrol in the same list, to unite to,
to incorporate witb. 2. To bring in, to contribute.
contristo. as. r. a. 1. To sadden, make sad. 2. To cause to look
gloomy, to darken.
contritus, a, um. part. pan. of contero, q. v. (also as adj.). Hackneyed,
trite.
controversia, ae. f. Controversy, dispute : sine ulla controversi.i, ur.-
deniably.
controversiosus, a, um. adj. Full of dispute, controverted.
eontroversor, aril. r. dtp. To dispute.
controversus, a, tun. adj. 1. Controverted, disputed, disputable. 2.
Fond of controversy, disputatious,
contrucldo, as. >■. a. To cut to pieces, to destroy.
contrudo, is, si. sum. >•. a. To thrust together, to crowd together.
tcontrunco, as. c. a. To cut to pieces.
contubernalis. is. m. f. 1. A comrade. 2. An attendant (of a general),
3. A companion.
contubemium, Li, 1. A being a comrade, a living in the same tent.
2. The being an attendant of a general, to learn the art of war from
him, attendance (of friends, pupils, teachers, etc). 3. JThe marriage
of slaves. 4. Concubinage. 5. A tent, a war tent. 6. A dwelling,
an abode (e«p. for slaves).
contueor, eris. ui tus sum. r. dtp. 1 . To look upon, survey, behold, see.
2. To contemplate, to consider.
-reentuittu, us. m. (only in all.). A look, a gate.
 CON 113
contimaeia, m. f. 1. Obstinacy, stubbornness, contumacy. 2. Firm
ness.
contamaclter. adv. Obstinately, contumaciously, arrogantly.
eontumax, acis. ailj. 1. Obstinate, contumacious, insolent. 2. * Finn,
unshaken.
contiimSlia, 83. / 1. Insult, contumely, insulting reproach. 2. Re
proof. 3. Injury (even that done to ships, Ctes.). 4. Violation,
ravishment
eontumeliose. adv. Insultingly, reproachfully.
costumeliosui, a, nm. adj. Insulting, contumelious, reproachful.
con turn ulo, aa. v. a. To bury.
contundo, it, tudi, tusum. c. a. 1. To bruise, to beat, to crush, to
beat in, to beat down. 2. To subdue, to break (a spirit, etc). 3. fTo
bring to a close.
conturbatio, onis. /. Perturbation, agitation.
tconturbator, oris. m. One who throws into disorder.
contuxbo, as. r. a. 1. To disturb, to disquiet, to agitate, to perplex, to
throw into confusion, into disorder. 2. To make bankrupt : Pedo con-
turbat, Pedo is bankrupt, Jut.
eontui, i. m. A pole, a puntpole.
Jcontusio, onis. /. A battering, a bruising.
conns, i. ra. A cone.
+convador, aril. v. dtp. To summon before a court.
convalesco, is, lni. r. n. To recover from an illness, be convalescent, to get
strong (lit. and metaph.).
convallis, is. f. A valley enclosed all round, a valley.
Tconvaso. as. r. a. To pack up.
eonvecto, aa. r. a. To bring together, to collect
convector, oris. m. A fellow-passenger on board ship.
conveho, is, xi, ctum. v. a. To bring together, to collect, to convey.
convello, is, li, vulsum. r. a. 1. To pull up, tear up, tear down, pull off.
2. To tear to pieces, to tenr up, to tear, to rend. 3. To shake, to cause to
totter; (metaph.) to make to waver. 4. §To agitate, to convulse : cum
signa convelli juberet, when he ordered the standards to be plucked up (in
order to march), Liv. ; so, unci convellere morsus, to weigh anchor, Lucan.
coiivena, SB. m. f. (usu. in pi.). People coming to one place from various
quarters,
conveniens, entis. part of convenio ; used also as adj. (c. compar., etc).
1. Airreeing, unanimous, harmonious. 2. Consistent, in accordance with
(c. cum and abl. or inter se). 3. Appropriate, suitable, fitting (c dat or
c. ad and ace),
convenienter. adv. Suitably, conformably, in a manner consistent with
(e. dat. or c ad and ace),
convenio, is, veni, ventnm. v. n. and a. 1. (r. a.) To come together, to
meet to assemble. 2. To unite, to combine, to agree (also pass, in this
sense). Pacem conventam frustra fuisse, that peace had been agreed
upon to no purpose, Sail. 3. To fit to be fitting, suitable, applicable
(c dat. or c. in or ad and ace). 4. (e. a.) To meet to accost (used
also in pass. part, in this sense). Scripsit Lentulum transmisisse, nee
earn a minora Balbo conventum, be wrote word that Lentulus had crossed,
and that he had not been met by the younger Balbus, Cic. ; si ea in manum
non convenerat if she had not been formally married, Cic (Smith, Vict.
Ant., in voc Marriage.)
convenit. r. impers. 1. It is becoming. 2. It is agreed (sometimes
the non. is expressed) : pax que cum S. Qninctio convenisset the peace
which had been agreed upon with S. Quinctius, Liv.; dum rem conventuram
putarous, while we think the matter will be settltd, Cic.
conventlcium, i. u. Money paid to the Greek citizens of the lower orders
for attending the assemblies of the people.
coavenUculum, i. «. A small assembly.
1
114 CON — COO
conventio, onis. /., and conventum, i. n. An agreement, a compact
convcntus, a, am. part, from convenio, q. r.
conventai, us. m. 1. An assembly, n meeting, 2. The inhabitant! ef
a province, or provincial town. 3. A compact, an agreement: cut-
ventum agere, or peragere, to hold a circuit, a court (of provincial ma
gistrates).
Jconverbero, as. v. a. To beat, to strike.
converro, is, ri, Bum. v. a. 1. To sweep together, to scrape together.
2. fTo beat
*convcrsatio, onis. f. Intercourse, conversation.
conversio, onis. f. 1. A turning round, a revolution : conversio meniima,
the periodical return of the months, Cic. 2. Change, alteration.
3. Repetition (of the same word). 4. The rounding of a sentence. i
{Transition.
converso, as. e. a. To turn round.
conversus, a, um. part. pass, from converto (esp. in the senses). 1.
Turned about, turned round. 2. Changed, transformed, disguised.
3. Directed, turned (towards). 4. Translated. 5. Turned away, so
as to be adverse.
converto, is, ti, sum. v. a. 1 . To turn, to turn round. 2. To change,
to alter. 3. (To alter so as) To throw into disorder ; to torn upside
down. 4. To direct, apply, employ (on an object), (c ad or in and ace).
5. To translate. Castra castris convertunt, they change camp with camp
(i. e. move from one to another), Cics. ; convertunt signa, they wheel
round, Cses. — (very rarely converto is used as r. n.) ; hoc vitium huic Bui
in bonum convertebat, this defect in him alone turned to good, Cic
convestio, is, ivi, itum. v. a. To clothe.
convexus, a, um. Convex : cceli convexa, the vault of heaven, so Virg.; so,
supera convexa, Virg.
conviciator, oris. m. A reviler, a railer.
convicior, axil. v. dep. To rail at, to revile.
oonvicium, i. n. 1. A loud cry, a loud noise. 2. Reproach, reviling,
railing (the most usual meaning). 3. Clamorous importunity. 4. Violently
expressed disapprobation, contradiction, reproof.
convictio, onis. f. [vivo.] A living with, intimacy. 2. A body of cor.-
victores.
convictor, oris. m. One who lives with, an associate, a friend, a daily guest.
convictus, us. m. A living with, friendly intercourse, intimacy. 2. {A
banquet, a feast.
convinco, is, vici, victum. v. a. 1 . To convict of offence, of crime (c. gen..
c. abl., c de or in and abl.). 2. To prove, to demonstrate. Multo quod
convicta [prasdia] ab Apolloniensibus, I pass over the fact that they were
proved not to belong to the people of Apollonia, Cic.
conviso, is, si v. a. To look into, to examine thoroughly.
conviva, m. m.f. A guest at a feast a table companion.
convivalis, e. adj. Of or belonging to a feast
convivator, oris. m. One who gives a feast
conviviuni, i. n. A feast a banquet
convivor, aris. v. dep., also fconvivo, as. v. n. To feast, to carouse, to
banquet
convocatio, onis. f. A summoning together, an assembling.
convdeo, as. v. a. To call together, to summon, to meet, to convoke, to
assemble, to summon.
convolo, as. v. n. To fly together, to flock together.
convolve is, vi, volutum. v. a. 1. To roll together, to roll round, to roll.
2. To involve, to overwhelm.
convomo, is, ui, Hum. t>. a. To vomit over, to be sick over.
cooper io, is, ui, ertum. r. a. 1. To cover, to envelope. 2. To over
whelm.
cooptatio, onis./. Election, choice.
 COO — COR li5
CMpto, as. v. a. To elect to an office shared by more than one, to the Benate,
etc.
coorior, eris, ortus sum. v. dep. To arise at the same time, to arise (of
events, war, etc), to rise np (of enemies, insurgents, etc.).
f§coortus, us. m. A rising,
copa, as,/ A female dancer with castanets.
:; couhlnus, i. m. A basket.
copia, 86. / 1. Plenty, abundance, a great quantity, a great number ; (in
pL) riches. 2. The goddess Plenty. 3. Opportunity, means, power.
4. Forces, i. e. troops (most usu. in pi. in this sense). Se corum copiis alu-
erant, they maintained themselves on their resources, Caes. ; magna milii
copia est memorandi, I can easily enumerate, Sail.; oramus ut nobis pug-
nandi copiam facias, we entreat you to give us leave to fight, Liv. ; bonam
copiam cjnrare, to deny on oath that one has sufficient, i. e. to declare one
self insolvent, Cic.
copiolse, arum. pi./. A small number of troops.
copiose. adv. 1. Abundantly, plentifully. 2. Copiously, fluently, elo
quently. In provinciam sic copiose profectus erat, he had departed for his
province so amply provided, Cic; senatorum urna copiose absolvit, the sena
tors' ballot-box acquitted him by many votes, Cic
copiosus, a, am. adj. 1. Abundantly provided, rich. 2. Abundant,
ample. 3. (Of a writer, etc.) Copious, fluent, eloquent : copiosissimum
ingeninm, a mind fertile in expedients, Quint.
tcopis, is. adj. [An old form of copiosus.]
Jcoprea, 89. m. [K<(irpoj.] A low buffoon.
£copta, fie./*. [k6vtv.] A kind of cake made of mincemeat.
copula, 89. /. 1. That which binds together, which connects, a bond.
2. A leash or couple for hounds. Copula; tonic, twisted ropes (of a ship's
ripring), Plant.
copulatio, onis./. A uniting, onion, connection.
copulo, a*, r. a. To join together, to couple, to unite.
tcoqulnua, a, um. adj. Of or belonging to cooking.
coquo, is, zi, and fcoquino, as. 1. To cook (in any way, boiling, baking,
tying, etc). 2. To burn up, to dry up. 3. To ripen. 4. To
digest. 5. To meditate on, to desire. 6. §To agitate, to torment (as
care, anger, etc).
«Sqtnu, i. m., and/ oSqoa, ae. A cook.
cor, dis. n. The heart. Lecti juvenes, fortissima corda, chosen yonths, gallant
hearts (i. e. gallant men), Virg.; cor habere, to have sense, Cic; fatetur
sibi vitam omnino semper norridam atque aridam cordi fuisse, he confesses
that a rough and coarse manner of life has always been agreeable to him,
Cic; so, si vobis non fuit cordi Sp. Postumium prospcre bellum gcrcre, if you
did not choose that Sp. Postumius should be successful in war.
Ccorilinus. i. m. A kind of fish found in the Nile and other rivers.
ccralium, i. n. Coral.
coram, prep, c abl. and adv. In the presence of, before the face of, face to
face with : intueor coram haec ornaments, I see these ornaments with my
own eyes, Cic. ; mihi promiserunt coram et absenti mihi scripserunt, they
promised me verbally, and when I was away they wrote me word, Cic;
cum coram sumus, when we meet, Cic; coram quern quasritis adsum,
I whom you seek am before you, Virg.
corbis, is./, and dim. "tcorbula, a. f. A wicker basket.
corblta, bb.j. A slow-sailing ship of burden.
corcnlum, i. a. 1 .* A little heart. 2. (As a term of endearment) Darling.
Corcyra, a.f. The island of Corfu.
tcordate. adv. Prudently.
tCcordatus, a, ma, adj. Prudent, wise.
cordax, acis. m. 1. A kind of wanton dance. 2. A name given to
the trochee by Aristotle, from its want of dignity.
tcordSlinm, i. «. Sorrow of heart, sorrow.
12
116 COR
:;cordyla, S3, f. The fry of the tunny fish.
icoriandrum, i. n. Coriander.
coriarius, i. in. A leather-dresser, a currier, a tanner.
Corinthiacus, a, um, and 'h'Corinthiensis, e, and Corinthius, a, tun. Of
Corinth, Corinthian ; made of Corinthian brass.
JCorinthiarius, i. m. A worker in Corinthian brass.
corium, i. n. and fcoriui. i m. 1. Leather; (in pi.) skint of leather.
2. Anything made of leather ; a leathern strap, sack, etc 3. A skin'
capable of being tanned (opp. to a fleece). 4. +Kind (of fruit), any
outer covering. Corium concidere (c. dat. pers.), to tan a person's hide, La-
beat him, Plaut. ; ut velles corio ludere, cerdo, tuo, that you might be
willing to play, you vagabond, at your own risk, lit., at the risk of pui
own skin, Alart.
corneal, a, um. and dim. corneolus, a, am. [cornu.] adj. Of horn.
corneas, a, am. adj. [cornus.] Of cornel wood.
cornlcen, Inis. m, A homblower, a trumpeter.
Jconricor, aril. v. dep. To caw like a crow, to croak.
corniciila, a./. A jackdaw.
Jcornicularius, i. m. A soldier who led the wing of a small division of
troops.
cornlculnm, i. a. A horn-shaped ornament on the helmet, given to soldiers
as a reward for bravery.
Scornlger, era, Srnm, and tcornifrons. tis. Bearing horns, horned.
Sicornipes, edis. adj. m. f. With horny feet, with hard hoofs.
comix, icis. f. A crow. Cornici oculum, ut dicitur (elsewhere quoted qui
cornicum oculos confizerit), he picked out the crow's eyes, as the proverb
is, Cic, because the crow always attacks the eyes ; so that it is nearly
equivalent to our proverb of " the biter bit."
cornu. inded. in ting., pi. -ua, nam, etc., also (but very rare) cornus, as. at,
and cornum, in. 1. A horn. 2. Anything made of horn, as a kind
of trumpet ; a bow (because tipped with horn) ; the ends of the sailyards
(for the same reason). The cone of a helmet in which the crest was put.
the sounding-board of the lyre; the end of the stick around which
volumes were rolled ; an oil cruet, a funnel, Ja lantern. 3. Any horny
substance, anything like horn; (in hardness) the hoof of a horse; ira
shape) the horns of the moon, the branches of a river ; the extreme end <e
point of anything, the end of a bench. Projecting points of land, form
ing the extremities of a harbour (esp. in pi.). 4. The wing of an army.
Addis comua pauperi, you add vigour, or courage, to the poor man, Hoc.:
si possimus comua commovere disputationis, if we may be able to shake
the strongest points of your argument, Cic. : Indicum cornu, an elephant's
tooth, ivory, Mart.
cornum, is. A cornel (the fruit).
cornus, i.f. 1. The cornel tree. 2. A spear (as having a cornel shaft).
scorolla, 88./. A garland, a chaplet.
corollarium, in. 1. A wreath of gold or silver flowers given to a good
actor. 2. A gratuity.
c5r6na, m.f. 1, A garland, a wreath. 2. A crown. 3. A circle of
persons, a crowd, a ring. 4. JTlu1 coronet (of a horse) : sub corona
vendo, to sell by auction (because the captives who were the first subjects
of such sale were crowned) : Cnossia ardentis Stella coronic, the Cretan
constellation of the bright crown, V irg. ; i. e. Ariadne, who was changed
into a constellation called Cressa Corona.
cSronarioi, a, um. adj. Of or for a crown: coronarium aurura, a present of
gold collected in the provinces for a victorious general (originally, to make
him a crown to be borne in his triumph), Liv.
tcoron&rius, i m. and / coronaria, ss. A maker of, or dealer in garlands,
etc
corono, at. f. o. 1. To crown, to wreathe with a garland. 2. To sur
round, to encompass. 3. To fill (goblets) to the brim.
 COR 117
corpdratus, a, um. Furnished with a body.
corporeus, a, nm. adj. 1. Having a body, corporeal 2. Of flesh,
fleshy (of one shoulder of Felops, as opp. to the other of ivory).
+tcorpu.lentus, a, um. adj. Corpulent, fat.
corpus, oris. n. 1. A body. 2. A solid substance. 3. The flesh oi
a body. 4. A corpse, a carcass (used also of the bodies ferried over the
Styx by Charon). 5. §A person. 6. What is collected under one
head. A principio conjurationis usque ad reditum nostrum videtur mini
modicum quoddam corpus confici posse, from the beginning of the con
spiracy to my return from exile appears to me capable of being made into
one small volume, Cic. ; unum corpus debet esse defensionis, the defence
ought to be consolidated : unns corpus populi, one consolidated nation,
Li v. ; qui et ipsi ejusdem corporis erant, who were of the same body, i. e.
of the same rank, Liv.
corpusculum, in. A little body.
-rcorrado, is, ei, sum. v. a. To scrape, to rake together, to procure.
correctio, onis./. Correction, amendment.
corrector, oris. m. A corrector, an improver : corrector Bestius, Bestius the
preacher of morality, Hor.
correctus, a, um. part. pass, of corrigo, q. v.
correpo, is, psi, ptum. v. n. To creep. Correpo pavore, to creep with fear,
to shrink, Lucr.
correpte. adv. Shortly (as to the quantity of a syllable).
Tcorreptio. onis./. The shortening (of a syllable).
correptns, a, um. pari. pass, of corripio, q, v.
•f-corrldeo, es, si, sum. r. n. To laugh together.
corrigia, 89, A shoe-string.
corrigo, is, rexi, rectum, v. a. 1. To straighten. 2. To correct, to
amend, to set right : to make amends for. Acceptam in Illyrico ignominiam
corrigere cupiens, wishing to efface the memory of the disaster he had sus
tained in Illyricum, Liv.
corripio, Is, ui, reptum. r. a. 1. To seize upon, to seize, to snatch up :
corripit e somno corpus, he rouses his body from sleep, Virg. ; corripuit
sese, she roused herself, she hurried away, Virg. 2. To carry off, as
plunder (or as disease carries people off). 3. To attack, to reproach, to
reprove. 4. t To curtail. Eximiae correptus imagine forma;, held cap
tive by (charmed by) the appearance of exquisite beauty, Ov.
corroboro, as. r. a. 1. To strengthen. Oorroboro me, to gain strength :
qui conjurationem nascentem non credendo corroboraverunt, who by their
disbelief encouraged (gave strength to) the conspiracy in its infancy, Cic.
corrddo, is, si, sum. v. a. To gnaw to pieces, to gnaw.
corrigo, M. r. a. To collect by entreaty, to collect.
corrflgo. as. v. a. To wrinkle. Ne sordida mappa corruget nares, that a
dirty cloth may not make you turn up your nose, Hor.
corrumpo, Is, rupi, rnptnm. v. a. I. To corrupt (in every sense), spoil,
destroy. 2. To vitiate, falsify (records, etc.). 3. To seduce, to de
file. 4. To bribe.
corruo, is, oi, uitum. v. n. To fall at the same time, to fall, to be slain, to
be ruined.
corrupte. adv. Corruptly, profligately,
corruptela, SB. /. That which corrupts, a means of corrupting, of seducing.
corruptio, onis./. Corruption.
corrupter, oris, m., and/, -trix, tricis. A corrupter, a seducer.
corruptus, a, am. part. pass, of corrumpo (used also as adj. c. compar. and
super!.), corrupt, profligate.
CorsTcus, a, nm, and Corsus, a, nm. adj. Corsican.
cortex, Icis. m. 1. Bark, rind. 2. Cork.
Jcortlceus a, nm. adj. Of cork.
Cortina, SB./. 1. tt A caldron. 2. § The tripod of Apollo, an oracle.
3. t A tripod. Cava cortina, the vault of heaven, Enn.
I 3
113 COR — C RE
corusco, as. v. a. 1. (rare) To push with the home, to butt. 2. §To
move quickly, to brandish. 3. § (v. n.) To flash, to glitter (of anythinj
moving quickly ).
§o8roscus, a, urn. adj. 1. Quivering, trembling (of trees waving). -
Flashing, glittering, bright (esp. through rapid motion).
Jcorvinus, a, am. adj. Of a raven.
corvus, i. m. A raven.
Corybantius, a, urn. adj. Of the priests of Cybele.
Corycius, a, urn. adj., and/ Corycis, Idis. 1. Of the Corycean caves on
Mount Parnassus. 2. Of Corycos, a promontory and town in Ctlicia.
corycus, i. m. C. laterum et vocis meaj Bestia, Bestia a field for the exercise
of my lungs and voice, Cic. [BeBtia having been defended by Cicero, sad
corycus being a leathern sack full of bran, on which athletes used to eier-
cise their strength,—but the reading is a mere conjecture],
ciryletum, i. n. A hazel grove,
cfirylus, i. /. A hazel tree, a filbert tree.
cSrymblfer, era, Srum. adj. Wearing clusters of ivy berries (of Bacchus).
c5rymbus, i. m. A cluster of berries (esp. of ivy berries),
coryphsjus, i m. [icopu^i).] A leader, a spokesman,
corytus, i. ace. on. m. [kboutos.] A quiver,
cos, cotis. / 1. A stone. 2. A whetstone.
Jcosmeta, sb. m. [<coo-/«V] A slave who took care of the wardrobe,
oosta, m. /. 1. A rib. 2. A side (of anything).
costum, i. n. Zedvary, an aromatic plant
eothurnatus, a, am, adj. Buskined, tragic, solemn or sublime, like
tragedy,
cothurnus, i. i». 1. A buskin, 3 high boot for hunting or for acting
tragedies. 2. A high-heeled shoe. 3. A lofty tragic style.
Jcotlcula, SB. /. A touchstone, a test.
fcottabus, i. m. [norrdgos.] A cracking or splashing noise.
cottana, orum. n. pi. A kind of Syrian fig.
+c6tula, bb. f. [(coti/Ai).] A small liquid measure, about half a pint,
coturnix, Icis. / A quail.
Cotyttia, orum. pi. n. The feast of Cotytto, the goddess of lasciviousness.
CBui, a, nm. adj. Of Cos, an island in the jEgean sea : Cous artifex, Apelks
the painter, Ov. ; Cous poeta, Philetas, Ov. j (n. ting, as su&sf.) Coan wine,
(n. pi. ns sulst.) Coan garments.
Jcorin&rius, La. A soldier who fought from a war chariot.
Jcovlnus, i. m. 1. A war chariot. 2. A chariot,
{coxa, se. / and tfooxendix, Icis. /. The hip.
crabro, onis. m. A hornet.
Jcrambe, ei. /. Cabbage : crambe repetita, stale repetition, Jut.
crapfila, 8B. / [KpanrdAi].] 1. The heavy feeling caused by intoxication.
2. Intoxication,
eras, induct and adv. To-morrow,
crasse. adv. Coarsely, inelegantly,
crassltfido, Inis. /. Thickness, density.
cras6us, a, nm. adj. 1. Thick, dense, coarse, gross, heavy. 2. Stupid,
barbarous, unpolished : crassa Minerva, of plain common sense, Hor. ; mn-
nuaculum crasso filo, a homely present, Cic.
crastlnus, a, nm. adj. Of to-morrow, to-morrow.
crater, eris. m., and cratera, as. / [icpirrV-] 1. A goblet, a cup. 1
The name of a constellation. 3. A bottle, a flask (for oil). 4. +A
crater,
crates, is. /. 1. Wickerwork. 2. A hurdle, a basket (esp. that wtocs
received the heads of malefactors), akind of harrow. 3. (Injtf.) fascines.
Crates' favorum, the closely-woven honeycomb, Virg. ; spina; crates, the
compact joining of the back bone, Ov.
Jcratlciila, se. /. A gridiron,
creatio, onis. /. Creation, election.
 ORE 119
creator, oris. m. A creator, a founder, a father.
creber, bra, brum, adj. 1. Thick, pressed close together. 2. Repeated,
frequent. 3. Crowded with, full of.
crebresco, is (no ptrf. in the simple v.). v. s. To become frequent, to grow
strong, to be prevalent, to prevail.
crebritas, atis. f. Frequency, great number.
crebro. adr. Frequently, repeatedly. Crebrius quam cribrum, with more
holes than a sieve, Plaut.
credibilia, e. adj. Which may be believed, credible (not of a person). Cre-
dibili fortior ilia fuit, she was bolder than he could believe, Ov.
credlbUIter. adv. Credibly, in a manner to gain belief.
creditor, oris. m. A creditor.
creditui, a, urn. part. puss, of credo, q. v. Crcditae pecuniae, money lent, Cic
credo, is, dldi, ditum. v. a. 1. To lend. 2. To trust, to entrust.
3. To believe, to place confidence in (c dat. of either the speaker or the
statement). 4. (r. «.) To believe, to think, to be of opinion, (sometimes
ironically) to suppose.
credulitas, atis. / Credulity.
credulus, a, tun. adj. 1. Credulous, easy of belief, apt to believe, trust
ing. 2. J Easily believed.
cremo, as. r. a. To bum.
cremor, oris. m. A juice distilled from berries, from grain, etc.
creo, as. r. a. 1. To create, make. 2. To create, to elect. 3. To
beget, to bring forth. 4. To cause, to produce.
tcreper, Ira, erum. adj. Dork, obscure, uncertain.
creplda, a;./., dim. tcrepidiila, 89. A sole, a shoe, a slipper.
crepldatus, a, tun. adj. Wearing sandals or slippers.
crepido. inis./. [«rpiprlr.] 1. J A pedestal. 2. A brink, an edge (esp.
steep, a steep bank). 3. A pier, a quay. 4. JA ridge, a rock.
ttrepltacillnm, i. »., and * crepitaculum, in. A rattle.
§erepito, as. r. «. To creak, to rattle, to crackle, to make a noise.
crepitus, us. m. A rattling noise, a loud sharp noise, a creaking.
crepo, as, ui, itum. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To rattle, to creak, to make
a noise, to crack as a thing which breaks. 2. (r. «.) To cause to sound,
to rattle : cum populus frequens lsetum theatris ter crepuit sonum, when
the crowded populace in the theatre, thrice made a noise of applause by
dapping their hands, Uor. 3. To chatter about, to keep talking of,
to keep uttering.
crepundia, orum. pi. n. A child's rattle, toys.
crepusculum, i. n. The twilight, the dusk of evening.
cresco, is, crevi. v. n. 1. To grow, to arise. 2. To grow up, to in
crease, to multiply. 3. To rise in power, to increase in reputation, etc
—See Cretus.
Cres, etis. >«., / Cressa, also Cretis, Idis. / A Cretan man or woman,
(used also as adj.) Cretan.
Cressius, a, tun, Cretsus, a, urn, Cretensis, e, Creticus, a, tun. Cretan,
of Crete, an island at the bottom of the vEgcean Sea.
crtta, ae. 1. Chalk. 2. White paint used for sealing, for painting the
lace, for whitening garments : creta est profecto horum hominum oratio, in
truth, the language of these men is so much whitening powder, i. e. re»
moves all trouble from the mind, Plaut.
oetatus, a, tun. adj. 1. Marked with chalk. 2. §J Clad in white
robes (like a candidate for office).
tcreteus, a, nm. Of chalk, marked with chalk.
cretio, onis./ [cerno.] A formal legal declaration of acceptance of an in
heritance.
cretosus, a, urn. adj. Chalky, abounding in chalk.
critila, 85./. Chalk for sealing with.
^cretus, a, tun. part. pass, of cresco, used as adj. Born, descended from
(c all. or ab and abl.).
4
120 CRI — CRU
Jcribro, as. v. a. To lift.
cribram, i. n. A sieve.
crimen, Inis. n. 1 . An accusation, a charge. 2. A crime, an offence.
3. §One guilty of crime, an object of accusation : pictse, coelestum crimim,
Testes, the embroidered garments, embellished with scenes of the errors of
the Gods, Ov.; ne ipse esset in crimine, that he himself might not be
accused, Cicj dare crimini (c dat. pers. or c. infin. and ace), to accuse at"
having done so and so; qui probari potest crimen sibi ipsum facere? how
can it be proved that he is doing wrong? Cic; se causam damat cri-
menque caputque malorum, she proclaims herself the guilty cause and source
of these evils, Virg,
crimlnatio, onis./. Accusation.
+Jcriminator, oris. m. An accuser.
criminor, aris. c. dep., talso crimino, as. 1. To accuse, to impeach, to
attack, to urge in accusation. 2. (Once) To be accused.
crimlnose. adv. In an accusing spirit, reproachfully.
criminosua, a, am. adj. 1. Full of accusations, reproachful, abusive.
2. Containing matter of accusation (c. dat. pers. against whom).
crinalis, e. adj. Of, for the hair, (n. as subst.) a hairpin. Crinali corpora,
with a body covered with feelers like hair, Ov.
crinis. is. m. 1. Hair. 2. The tail (of a comet).
crinitus, a, am. pari, from crinio. 1. Having long hair. 2. Haras;
a horsehair crest.
fcrisplsulcans, antis, adj. Forked (of lightning).
crispo, as. v. a. 1. To curl. 2. To brandish : nasiu crispans, a nose
contracting itself into wrinkles, Pers.
crispus, a, tun, dim. Jcrispiilus, a, tun. 1. Curled. 2. naving curled
hair. 3. Wrinkled. 4. Quivering (of the plectrum striking the bare
strings).
crisso, as. t>. «. To wriggle.
crista, SB./. 1. The crest of a bird. 2. The crest of a helmet, a plume.
cristatus, a, urn. adj. 1. Crested. 2. Wearing a crested helmet
crlticus, i m. [itpivu>.] A critic
croceuB, a, tun. adj. 1. Of saffron. 2. Saffron-coloured, yellow.
croclnus, a, um. adj. Of saffron, (n. as subst.) saffron oil
fcrScio, is, and *crocito, as. o ». to croak.
crocodilus, i. m. [«poic68etKos.] A crocodile.
crocota, 8B. /, dim. tcrocotula, SB. A saffron-coloured state robe.
crocus, i. m. [Kprficoj.] 1. Saffron. 2. The colour of saffron (i.e.
yellow): recte necue crocum floresque perambulet Attas fabula, whether
Atta's play is suited to the stage (because the stage was powdered with
saffron), Hor.
crotalistria, m. /. A Castanet dancer.
crStalum, i. n. [ HporaKov.] A Castanet.
Crotopiades, 89. m. Linus, grandson of Crotopus.
fjcruciabflltas, and tcruciamentnm, i, and cruciatus, us. m. Torture.
•fcrfciablllter. adv. With torture.
crflcio. as. v. a. 1. To torture, to torment. 2. To afflict greatly.
crudelis, e. Cruel, pitiless, inhuman.
crudelitas, atis. /. Cruelty, inhumanity.
crudeiiter. adv. Cruelly, inhumanly.
crudesco, is. v. n. To become violent, fierce (of disease, battle, etc.).
crfldltas, atis. f. Indigestion.
crudus, a. tun. adj. 1. Raw, (of wounds) bleeding. 2. Raw, (of food)
uncooked, undressed, (of leather) unpolished, indigestible. 3. Having
an indigestion. 4. Unripe, not come to maturity : cruda viridisqoe
senectus, a vigorous and green old age, Virg. tj. §Cruel-
cruento, as. r. a. To make bloody, to stain with blood.
ernentus, a, tun. adj. 1. Bloody, blood-stained. 2. Bloodthirsty.
3. Blood-red, red.
 CRU-CUL 121
crumena, B. /. A purse.
cruor, oris. m. 1. Blood (eap. when shed, flowing from a wound, etc).
2. Bloodshed.
Jcruppellarii, orum. pi. m. Harnessed combatants among the Gauls.
-fcrurifragius, i. m. One whose legs or shins are broken.
eras. uris. »., dim. +crosculu.m, i. n. The leg, the shin.
Jcrnsma, atis. n. [upoiana.] A piece played on a stringed instrument
crasta, 86. f. 1 . A crust, a covering. 2. A rind, a shell, a husk.
3. Stucco-work, plaster-work, work in relief.
tcrusto. as. v. u. To encrust, to encase,
crustum. i, dim. crustulum, i. Crust, pastry.
crux, cr icis. / 1 . A cross. 2. Torture. 3. t A rascal, one de
serving the cross : abi in mnlam crucem, you be hanged, Plaut.
Jcrypta. SB. /. [icetfirTw.] A vault, a secret passage or chamber.
^crystalllnus, a, urn. adj. Of crystal ; n. pi. as subst., crystal vases.
crystallus, i. in./. Crystal
*crystallnm, i. n. Crystal, anything made of crystal, a crystal vase
cubicularis, e, and ciibicillarias, a, am. Of a bed-chamber ; cubicularius
' (as subst.), a chamberlain, a valet de chambre.
eubiculum, i. «. 1. A bed-chamber. 2. +The emperor's seat at the
theatre.
cubile. is. n. A bed (lit. and metaph.).
cubital, alia. n. A cushion for the elbow.
cubitalis, e. adj. An ell long.
ciibito, as. v. n. To lie down, to be in the habit of lying down.
cnbitum, i. n. ]. An elbow. 2. An ell.
^cubitus, us. m. 1. A lying down. 2. A bed.
ciibo, aa, ui, Itum. r. ». 1. To lie, to lie down, to sleep. 2. To sit in
a recumbent posture (esp. at meals, etc.). 3. To be sick, to keep one's
bed : Usticee cubantis saxa, the rocks of the lowly or sloping Ustica, Hor.
tciicullus, i. m. 1 . A rap, a hood. 2. A wrapper, a packing-case.
icuculo, aa. v. «. To cry cuckoo.
cuculus, i. m. A cuckoo, a term of reproach to a lazy farmer, for not having
finished his pruning before the cuckoo is heard.
cucuznia, eris. m. A cucumber.
"cficurblta, ce. f. 1. A gourd. 2. A cupping-glass.
*cflcurio, Is. r. n. To crow as a cock.
■f-cudo, is, di, sum. v. a. To beat, to stamp, to coin, to make : ist.ee in me
cudetur faba, Prov., that will fall on me, I shall suffer for that, Ter.
: cuiio. Snia. m. A soldier's cap made of skin.
cujas, atis, also fnom. enjatis. Of what family, from what country.
cujus (gen. of qui); also, a, um, as adj. Whose (very rare).
enlclta, a, dim. fculcitella, se, / A pillow, a cushion.
culeus, i. m. [KovXtbs.] A leathern sack, a leathern bottle.
efilex, Ida. m. A gnat.
eullna, SB. /. 1. A kitchen. 2. §Food.
culmen, Inia. n. The top, summit (prop, of a building), but also of a
mountain, of a man's head, of heaven, the clouds, etc etc. : summum
culmen fortunae, the utmost height of prosperity, Liv.
culmus, i. in. A stalk, a stem.
culpa, ae. f. 1 . Fault, error. 2. Mischief. 3. Blame.
culpatus, a, um {part, of seq., as adj.). Blameable.
culpo, as. and tculplto, aa. r. a. To blame, to reprove, to find fault with.
culter, tri, and dim. cultellus, i. m. 1 . A knife. 2. t A cutter of a
Jilough : me sub cultro liquit, he left me in great danger, Hor.
tor. oris. in.,/, cultrix, iois. 1. A cultivator (lit. and metaph.), a tiller.
2. An inhabitant. 3. One who favours, fosters, studies. 4. A wor
shipper.
,'cultrarius, i. in. [culter.] He who slew the victim at a sacrifice.
122 CUL—CUP
cultura, as. 1. Cultivation, (lit. and metaph.) agriculture. 2. Honour
ing, paying respect
coitus, us. m. 1. Cultivation, (lit. and metaph.) tilling. 2. Training,
education. 3. Worship. 4. Dress. 5. The way of living, the
habits of life, esp. a civilised, polished way of living, refinement 6. Li
centiousness (only once in Sail.).
cult us. a, tun. (port. pass, of colo) q.T.; used as adj. (c. eorapar. and superl).
Refined, polished ; n. as pi. subsl., culta, cultivated lands, fields.
ciilullus, i. m. A cup, a goblet, a drinking vessel.
cum. prep. (c. abl.). With, together with, provided with, attended with, in
contest with, in comparison with, with the favour of, exerting oneself with
(in this sense more commonly omitted). After the ablative of ego, to, sai,
and qui it is put after its case, and joined to it ; as, mecum, quibuecom :
si mini cum illo nihil fuisset, if I had had nothing to do with him, Cic;
cum eo ut, on condition that, Liv. ; cum octavo, eightfold, Cic.
cum. conj. or adv. of time. — See quum.
cumera, ae. f. A basket to keep corn in.
cumlnum, i. n. Cummin, cummin seed.
cumque. Mini cumque salve rite vocanti, hail to me whenever I invoke
you with due honour.
cumulate, adv. Abundantly, amply.
cumulatus, a, urn. part. pass, of cumulo ; used also as adj. Abundant,
ample.
cumulo, as. v. a. 1. To heap up, to pile up. 2. To accumulate, to
amass, to acquire. 3. To increase. 4. To fill, to load. 5. To
complete, to make complete, perfect.
cumulus, i. vi. 1. A heap, a mass. 2. An increase. 3. A crowning
addition: ad summam leetitiam meant magnus ez illius adventu cumulus
accedet, his arrival will crown my already great happiness, Cic.
cunabula, drum. n. pi. 1. A cradle (lit. and metaph.). 2. A place
where young children or animals are reared.
ounce, arum. pi./. A cradle, (lit and metaph.) a nest: primis cuius, in his
earliest infancy, Ov.
cunctabundus, a, tun. adj. Delaying, loitering.
cunctanter. adv. Slowly, with hesitation, with delay.
cunctatio, onis. /. Delaying, loitering, dawdling, hesitation.
cunctator, Oris. m. One who delays, loiters, hesitates, acts slowly.
cunctor, aris. v. dep., and fcunoto, as. To delay, to tarry, to loiter, to
dawdle, to hesitate : nee cunctatum apud latent, nor did they delay on the
flanks, Tac.
cunctus, a, urn. adj. All, the whole.
cuneatim. adv. In the form of a wedge.
cuneo, as. 1 . JTo drive in like a wedge ; (in pass, part.) formed like a
wedge, pointed like a wedge, pointed.
cuneus, i. m., and dim. cuneolus. i. m. 1. A wedge. 2. A column
of troops in the form of a wedge, i. e. a triangular column. 3. £The
divisions of seats at a theatre, which were in the form of a wedge : ut
cuneis notuit res omnibus, when the matter was made plain to all the seats,
i. e. to all the spectators, Pha>dr.
ciinlculua, i. m. 1. A rabbit. 2. A mine (under a wall, etc.). 3.
(Metaph.) Underhand dealing, treachery.
cupa, m.f. A cask.
ctipedia, a./. Daintiness.
fcupedlnarius, i. m. One who prepares dainties, a pastry-cook.
+cupes, edis. m. A lover of dainties.
cuplde. adv. Eagerly, desirously.
cfipidlneus, a, tun. adj. 1. Of Cupid, of love. 2. JLovely.
cupldltas, atis./l 1. A desire, wish for, eager longing for. 2. Cove-
tousness. 3. Over-eagerness (for anything) (ofiener in a bad than
good sense). 4. A desire to serve a party, partiality.
 CUP-CUE 123
Cupldo, Inis. m. Cupid, the pod of love.
capido, Inis./, also tcupedo (Lucr.). 1. Desire, wish, longing for.
2. Love, loving, desire. 3. JCovetousness.
cupldus, a, am. adj. Desirous of, wishing for, eager for (c. gen.). 2.
Covetous. 3. Partial.
ctipiens, entis. part, of seq. ; used also as adj. (c. compar. and super].). Desir
ous of, eager for (c. gen.).
cupio, Is, pivi, pltum ; also imperf. rubj. cupiret, Lucr. 1. To desire, to
wish for, long for, be eager for (c. ace.). 2. To be favourable to, to be
a partisan of (c dat.).
Jcupitor, oris. m. One who desires, who wishes for.
cupressetum, La. A grove of cypress trees.
cupresseus, a, urn. adj. Made of cypress wood.
gcupresslfer, in, erum. adj. Bearing cypress trees.
cupressus, i. f. 1. The cypress tree (sacred to Pluto, and used at
funerals). 2. §A box of cypress wood (not liable to decay).
Jcupreus, a, am. adj. Of copper.
ear. adv. Why (both in interrog. and dependent sentences), wherefore.
cfira, 89./. 1. Care, anxiety. 2. Care, attention, regard, diligence,
carefulness. 3. The care of, i. e. charge of (affairs, doing a thing,
taking care of a thing, managing a trust, etc.). 4. JA work in which
care or pains have been expended, a written work, a book. 5. §A
person appointed to take care of, in charge of anything. 6. An object
of care, of regard : rati sese Dis curse esse, thinking themselves an object of
the care of the Gods, Sail. ; de ceteris senatui curse fore, [saying] that the
senate would take care of everything else, Sail.
*curabllis. e. adj. To be cared for, regarded with anxiety, apprehended.
^curate, adv. Carefully.
curatio, onis. f. 1. A taking care of, management, administration.
2. Curing, healing.
curator, oris. tn. One who takes care of, a manager, a superintendent, a
guardian.
curatura, Be./. A taking care of, attention, management.
curat us, a, um. part. pan. fr. euro, but Juscd also as adj. (c. compar. and
super!.). Careful, anxious, put forth with care.
curculio, onis. m., dim. tcurculiunculus, i as. A weevil.
Cfirensis, e. adj. Of Cures, the chief town of the SabineB — Sabine.
Curetis, idis. ailj. f. Of the COretes, the ancient inhabitants of Crete —
Cretan.
curia, as. f. 1. One of the thirty parts into which Romulus divided the
Roman people (see Smith's Diet Ant. in voc). 2. A place for the reli
gious services of the curiae. 3. A senate house, a place of assembly for
a council, the senate house. 4. The senate.
curialis, e. adj. Of the curiae; (m. aa subst.) a citizen of the tame curia.
curiatim. adr. By, in the curiae (of votes so taken, etc.).
curiatus, a, um. adj. Curiata comitia, the comitia where the people voted
in their curias ; curiata lex, a law passed at such comitia.
curio maximus. The priest who presided over the curias.
-rcurio, onis. m. A person wasted by care, by anxiety.
curiose. adv. 1. With care. 2. With too much care, hypcrcritically.
3. Inquisitively.
curiositas, atis. /. Curiosity, inquisitiveness.
cuxiosos, a, am. adj. 1. Painstaking, diligent. 2. Curious, inquisi
tive. 3. tCarewom; m. as laist., a spy.
+curins, a, um. adj. Causing anxiety, grievous.
euro, as. r. a. 1. To care for, take care of, attend to, regard, take
trouble. 2. To manage, govern, administer. 3. To concern oneself
about, to provide for, tee to (a thing being done, usu. c. gerundive, rarely
c. infin.). 4. To tend, to cure, to heal 5. To provide for the pay
ment of, to pay. 6. To propitiate, to appease (a god), to avert (a bad
124 CUE—CUT
omen). 7. (». a.) To cure : con corpus, me, cutem, membra, etc., to re
fresh oneself, to take care of oneself ; cubo curati, refreshed with food, Li'.;
Fsesulanum qaendam in sinistra parte curare jubet, he orders a man of
Ficsulte to command on the left, Sail.; exploratores, ut mos est, lonpoi
curabant, the scouts, as is usual, extended their motions further, Tic;
as pass, impers., curabitur, it shall be attended to, Ter. ; but as pass. verb,
curatur a multit, he is much respected, Plin.
curriculum, i. n. 1. +A running, a course : curriculo, at full speed, Ter.
2. A racecourse. 3. A race, (and metapb.) a course, a career. 4. A
racing chariot, a chariot.
curro, is, cucurri, curiam, r. n. To run, to go with haste, to hasten; (of s
horse) to galop, to pass swiftly (of time) : hortaris currentem, you are
■purring a willing horse, Cic
currus, lis. m. 1. A chariot 2. (§Anything with wheels.) A plough.
3. §A ship. 4. §The horses in a chariot : quem ego currum aut quam
lauream cum tua laudatione conferrem p what triumph can I compare with
the praise deserved by you? (because in a triumph the general was borne
in a triumphal car, and crowned with laurel), Cic.
cursim. adv. (As if running) Swiftly, hastily.
curso, as. and curslto, as. v. v. To run about, to and fro.
cursor, oris. m. 1. A runner, a runner in a race (even in a chariot race).
2. A courier. 3. J A running footman,
tcursura, 83. f. Running.
cursus, us. m. 1. A running, a swift advance, swift progress. 2. A
course, a line of advance, Hue of march; (of a river) the flow, of affairs (the
direction) : equites cursum tcnere non potuerant, the cavalry had not been
able to hold their course (i. e. to advance straight forward), Cess.; curium
expectabamus, we were waiting for a passage (i. e. for a fair wind to allow
us to cross the sea), Cic. ; quique pedum cursu valet, and he who is best in
speed, Virg.
curto, as. v. a. To curtail, to diminish.
curtus, a, urn. adj. 1. Mutilated, broken. 2. Defective. 3.
Scanty.
curulis, e. adj. Of a chariot : curules equi, the horses provided by the state
for the games of the circus; curulis sella, curule ebur (and even curulis at
subtt.), the curule chair of ivory for the consuls, praetors, and curule
aediles.
curvamen, Inii. n., and cunratura, se. f. A bending, a bend.
curro, as. r. o. 1. To bend, to curve. 2. To bend, i.e. to make to
yield.
§curvus, a, um. adj. 1. Crooked, bent, curved, winding. 2. Stooping
(of an old man). 3. Swelling into an arch (of the sea in a storm, or of
a vaulted roof).
cuspia, Idi». /. 1. A point. 2. A spear, the trident of Neptune.
3. The sting of a bee, of a scorpion, etc.
custodia, a. f. 1. Watching, guard, watchfulness, care. 2. A body
of guards. 3. A station for guards. 4. A keeping in custody. Libera
custodia, confinement in one's own house, Liv. 4. A prison, custody.
5. $A prisoner.
custodio, is, Ivi, Hum. r. a. 1 . To guard, to watch over, to protect
2. To keep, to detain. 3. To keep in custody, in confinement, in
captivity.
custos, odii. m.f. 1. A watchman, a guard, a keeper, a defender, a
protector. 2. A guardian. 3. A sentinel. 4. One who detains
in confinement 5. A keeper of the voting urns, or ballot boxes. Custos
gazas regie, the king's treasurer, Nep.; custos carceris, a gaoler, Suet;
custodes corporis, the king's body guard, Nep.; telorum eburnea custos, an
ivory quiver, Ov.
cutis, is./, and dim. cuticula, a.f. 1. The skin (of Uring persons and
 CYA — DAM 125
animals). 2. JLeather. 3. tThc external appearance. Ego te intus
et in cute novi, I know you thoroughly, Pen.
cyathus, i. m. 1. A cup, a email cup, a ladle. 2. A liquid measure,
a gill.
tCyaneus, a, um, 1. Blue. 2. Of the Cyanean rocks, the Sym-
plegades.
cybea, as. / A heavy kind of ship, a merchantman.
Jcybium, i. n. A dish of salted tunnyfish.
Cyclas, adis. / [kukAos.] 1. A woman's state robe, surrounded with a
border. 2. (In pi. ) The Cyclades, islands in the /Eijoiun Sea.
Cyclopeua and C yclopius, a, um. adj. Of the Cyclops, giants in Sicily
with one eye, workmen of Vulcan.
Cydonius and Cydoneus, a, um. Of Cydonia in Crete, Cretan : Cydonea
mala, orum. n. pi.; and also Cydonia; as mbst., quinces.
Cycneiua, a, um. adj. Of the Boeotian Cycnus, Boeotian,
cygneus, a, um. adj. Of a swan,
cygnus, i. m. A swan; (metaph. 1 a poet,
cylindnu, i. m. A cylinder, a roller.
Cylleneus and Cyllenius, a, um, adj. 1. Of Cyllene, a mountain in
Arcadia, where Mercury was bom. 2. Of Mercury, sacred to Mercury,
cymba, te./. [iti/iSr).] A boat, a bark.
cymbalum, i. n. [kvuGcAov.] A cymbal,
cymbium, in. A cup, a bowl.
Cynicus, a, um. adj. Cynical, of the Cynics; m. as subst., a Cynic
philosopher.
Cynocephalus, i. [kimcix k< <p SaJ)]. A kind of ape with a dog's head.
Cynosfira, m.f. [icviiv otpi]. The constellation of the Lesser Bear.
Cynthius, a, um. adj. Of Cynthus, a mountain in Delos; m. as subst.,
Apollo.
Cypriua, a, urn, adj. 1. Of the island of Cyprus. 2. JOf copper.
Cyrenseus and Cyrenalcui, a. um. adj. Of Cyrene, a town in Africa, of
Callimachus, of Aristippus, the founder of the Cyrenaic sect : Cyrenaici,
the Cyrenaic school of philosophy.
Cyraeua, a, um. adj. Corsican.
Cyteeajus and Cytsstu, a, nm, also Cytseis, Idis. / Of Cytee, a town in
Colchis, Colchean, of Medea, Cytaeis, Medea, Prop.
CythSrea, te./, and Cythereis, idis./ Venus.
Cythereius and Cytheriacus, a, tun, and Cythereias, adis. / 1. Of
the island CythSra (orum, pi. n.). 2. Of Venus,
cytisus. i. »i. A kind of clover.
Cytoriacua and Cytorius, a, um. adj. 1. Of Cytorus in Papblagonia, a
mountain celebrated for its box trees. 2. Of box wood.

D.
Dactyllcus, a, um. adj. Dactylic.
JdactyliStheca, sb./ [SaxTiKiov fl^n/.] A box for rings.
dactylus, i. m. A dactyl.
Daedaleus, a, um, and Daedalus, a. um. adj. 1. Of Daedalus (win. es
caped from Minos by making himself wings). 2. Like Daedalus,
clever, cunning. 3. Like the work of Dajdalus, beautifully made,
ingenious : verborum dsedala lingua, the tongue, the fashioner of words,
Lucr.
dama, se. m. f. A fallow deer, a deer.
damnatio. onis. / Condemnation.
damnatoriua, a, um. a<ij. Pronouncing conviction or condemnation.
126 DAM — DEB
damnatns, a, urn. pari. fr. damno; used also u adj. (c compar. and snperL)
Universally condemned, wicked,
tdamnincus, a, urn, and 1 damnigerulus, a, um. adj. Mischievous,
damno, as. v. a. 1 . To convict (lit. and metaph. ). 2. To condemn.
3. To bind (by a clause in a will, etc., to a particular action). 4. To
procure tbe condemnation of.
damnose. adv. So as to do injury, ruinously,
daninosui, a, um. adj. Injurious, mischievous. 2. ^Extravagant. 3.
t Injured, unfortunate,
damnum, i. ». 1 . Hurt, harm, damage, injury, loss. 2. A fine, t
penalty: damnum facere, to suffer loss, to receive injury, Cic; natunt
damnum, a natural defect, Liv.
Banaus, a, um. adj. Grecian, (usu. in pi. as stiisl.) the Greeks.
tdanista, 89. m. [Sarfum)r.] A usurer,
tdipino, at. t>. a. To serve up as food,
daps, d&pis. sing, only in poet. 1. Food. 2. (pi) dapes, a feast, a
banquet,
ttdapillil, e. adj. [oai|iiA>)r.] Sumptuous, luxurious.
Bardanus, a, um, and Bardanius, a. um. adj. Of Dardanus, an ancient
king of Troy, Trojan.
Bardanldes, eb. m., Bardanis. Idis. /. A descendant of Dardamu, a
Trojan, man or woman, Dardanides, /Kueas, Virg.
tdatarius, a, um. adj. That can be given,
fdatatim. adv. By giving or tossing from hand to hand.
datio, onis. /. 1. A giving. 2. A right of giving away, of
alienation.
§ditor, oris. m. A giver,
td&tus, ua. m. The act of giving.
de. prep. (c. abl-). 1. From, down from, coming from (as a traveller, or a
person descended from by birth): caupo de via Latins, an innkeeper from
(i. e. belonging to) the Latin street, Cic 2. From, in point of time,
directly after: de die in diem, also diem de die, from day to day, Liv.
By : in comitium Milo de nocte venit, Milo came into the assembly by night.
3. From, of, out of, in point of number : una de multis, one of many,
Hor. ; si qua; stint de genere eodem, if there be any of the same class, Cic
4. From, out of (i. e. from having been): de templo carcerem fieri, to bs
made a prison from having been a temple, Cic. 5. Of, about, concern
ing. 6. For, on account of : id, nisi gravi de causa non fecisset, be
would not have done that but for some weighty reason, Cic 7.
According to, in accordance with (an opinion, a wish, etc). 8. (With
ablatives as an adverb) De integro, anew, Cic. ; de improviao, unexpectedly,
Css.
Bea, se ; dot. pi Dcabus. /. A Goddess.
doalbo. as. v. a. To whitewash, to whiten.
tdeambulatio, onis. f. A taking a walk.
deambulo, at. r. n. To walk about, to take a walk.
tdeamo, as. v. a. To love very much.
dcarmo, as. v. a. To disarm.
fdeartuo, at. r. a. To tear limb from limb, to tear to pieces.
tdeascio, as. v. a. To cheat.
debacchor, aria. v. dep. To rage, to be violent, to rave.
debcllator, 8ris. m. A conqueror.
debello, aa. v. a. 1. To put an end to a war, to terminate a war. 2. To
fight, to fight out. 3. To conquer, to subdue : as (pass, imptrs.): ne
nbsente sc debellaretur, that the war might not be concluded in his
absence, Liv.
debeo, es, ui, Itum. v. a. [de habeo.] 1. To owe, to be in debt: animam
debet, he is over head and ears in debt, Jcr. 2. To be bound, to be un
der a moral obligation to do. Esse debet, he ought to be, Cic; tibi hoe
video non posse deberi, I sec that I must not remain in your debt as to
 DEB — DEC 127
this, Cic; oratio juventuti nostra deberi non potest, the speech must not
be left owing to our young men, i. e. must be published, Cic; animte
quibus alters fato corpora debentur, the souls to which other bodies are des
tined by fate, Virg. ; nisi ventis debes ludibrium, unless you are bent on
becoming, or destined to become, the sport of the.winds (a translation of the
Greek yi\trr' oQkiaxdtittv), Hor.j hoc summum beneficium Q. Maximo
debui, I was under this exceeding obligation to Q. Maximus, Cic. ; pluri-
mum ei debeo, I am under great obligations to him, Cic.
debllis, e. adj. [de habilis.] Crippled, disabled, weak, powerless.
debilltas, atis./ Weakness, infirmity.
debffitatio, onis./. A weakening, disheartening.
debHIto, as. r. o. 1. To cripple, to maim. 2. To weaken. 3. To
dishearten.
debitio, onis. / An owing.
debitor, oris. m. A debtor, one who owes.
debitum, i. it. 1. A debt, what is owed, what is due. 2. An ob
ligation.
tdeblatero, as. v. a. To bawl out, to blab.
~decacumIno, as. r. a. To lop, to cut at the top.
decanto, as. v. a. 1. To sing. 2. To repeat over and over. 3. To
leave off singing.
decedo, is, eessi, cessum. v. n. 1. To depart, to retire, to withdraw, to
retreat. 2. To make way for, to retire before (as a mark of respect),
(c. de or ez and abl. of the place, c. dat. pers.). 3. §To yield. A. To
disappear, to cease (of illness, etc). 5. To die (sometimes de vita
decedo), to set (of the sun or stars). 6. To resign, to abandon (c. abl.
or c. de and abl. of the property or rights relinquished. 7. To deviate
from (c de and abl.). Quicquid libertati plebis caveretur, id suis decedere
opibus credebant, all the securities taken for the liberty of the people they
looked upon as so much abridged from their own power, Lir.
decern, indecl. Ten.
December, bris. m. December; (also as adj.) of December.
Sdecemjfigis, is. m. A chariot with ten horses.
decempeda, as. /. A ten-foot measuring rod.
decempedator, oris. m. A measurer, a surveyor.
decemplex, leis. adj. Tenfold.
Decemvlralis, e. adj. Belonging to Decemvirs, (of laws) passed by De
cemvirs.
Decemvlratns, da. m. The office of Decemvir.
Decemviri, orum. pi. m. Decemvirs (there were boards of Decemvirs for
many purposes). 1. Litibus judicandis. for the decision of private
actions. Agris dividendis, for the division of lands. Sacris faciendis, these
were a college of priests, the number of whom was increased under the
emperors to sixty.
*decennis, e. adj. Lasting ten years, recurring every ten years.
decens, entis. {part, from deceo ; used also as adj., c. compar. and super].).
1. Becoming. 2. Graceful. 3. Beautiful.
decenter. adv. In a becoming, graceful, or elegant manner, so as to become
a person,
decentia, 99. /. Becomingness, elegance, grace.
deceptus, a, am. part. pass, for decipio, q. v.
tdeceris, is. /. [fteic^piit.] A ship with ten banks of oars,
decerno, is, crevi, ere turn . v. a. 1 . To decide, to determine, to resolve.
2. To pronounce a decision, to decide, to decree. 3. To vote for.
4. To decide by combat, to fight, to contend : utinam meo solum capite,
decemerem, I wish that I were risking in the struggle nothing but my
own life, Cic
*|*erpo, is, psi, pttun. v. a. 1. To pluck, to gather. 2. §To enjoy.
decertatio, Suis. /. A contest.
dfcerto, as. r. n. 1. To contend, to struggle, to fight. 2. To vie with:
128 DEC
nee in ultima ferro decertarc placet, and they decide not to push the
struggle to extremities with the sword, Ov.
decessio, onis. /. 1. A departure, retirement. 2. Diminution.
decessor, oris. m. One who is retiring: successori decessor invidet, the
predecessor envies his successor, Cic
decessus, us. m. 1. A departure, a retirement. 2. Decrease, dimi
nution, disappearance. 3. Death.
decet. e. impers. (the nom. of the thing sometimes expressed, pi. onlr ia
Plaut. and Quint.). 1. To be becoming, fitting, suitable. 2. To" be
come, to behove (c. ace., c. dat. very rare, only in Ter. and Sail.).
decldo, is, cldo, no sup. [cado.] v.n. 1. To fall, to fall down, to fall off
2. To fall dead or dying, to die : amicorum perfidia decidi, I am undone,
or defeated, through the treachery of my friends, Nep.; an toto pectore de-
ciderim, or whether I am utterly banished from her heart, Tib.
decldo, ia, cldi, cisum. [csedo.] v. a. 1. To cut off. 2. To settle, to
decide, determine (a complicated matter, account, etc), (often c cam and
abL pers. with whom a matter is settled).
Jdeclduus, a, nm. adj. Falling, liable to fall.
decies. adv. Ten times.
decima. 86. f. 1. A tenth part, a tithe, a tax of ten per cent, imposed on
landholders in the provinces (usu. in pi.). 2. A largess given to the
people.
decimanus, a, am, adj. 1 . Subject to the payment of the decima tax, to
the payment of tithes. 2. Belonging to the tenth cohort. Decimana
porta, the main entrance of the camp, placed the furthest from the enemy,
because there the tenth cohort of each legion was stationed, opposite to the
Porta Pretoria; m. as subst., a collector of the decima, a taxgatherer.
Jdeclmo, as. v. a. To decimate.
declmus, a, am. adj. The tenth.
decipio, Is, cepi, ceptam. v. a. 1. To catch, to ensnare, to beguile.
2. To deceive : laborum decipitur, he is beguiled of his troubles, Hor.
dScisio, onis. /. A settlement, a decision.
declamatio, onis. / 1. Declamation, oratorical exercise. 2. A de
clamatory way of speaking. 3. £A theme or subject for declamation.
declamator, oris. m. A declaimer, a rhetorician.
declamatorius. a, am. adj. Rhetorical, declamatory.
declamo, as, and declanuto, aa. v.n. 1. To declaim, to practise rhe
torical delivery, to practise speaking. 2. To declaim, i. e. speak violently,
to bluster.
declaratio, onis. f. A declaration, exposition, announcement.
declare as. v. n. 1. To make clear, to manifest, to make known, to show
plainly. 2. To declare, to announce. 3. To prove.
declinatio, onis. f. 1. A leaning aside, a turning out of the way from,
so as shun, avoidance. 2. A slight digression.
declinatus, us. m. Avoidance.
decllnatas, a, am. part. pass, from declino. yEtate declinatA, in the decline
of life, Quint.; declinata ab aliarum ingenio, differing from the disposition
of others, Ter.
declino, as. v. a. 1. To bend down. 2. To turn aside, to turn away.
3. To avoid, to shun. 4. (Aso. n.) To deviate, to digress. Nee dolci
declinat lumina somno, nor does he close his eyes in sweet sleep, Virg.;
quantum in Italiam declinaverat belli, in proportion as the war bad been
diverted to Italy, Liv.
declivis, e. n. pi., once §decliva. adj. Sloping downwards, downhill, de
scending (of a path, etc.) : iter dcclivi senectse, the downhill path of old
age, Ov. ; (n. as subst.) a slope, a descent.
declivitas. atis. /. A declivity, a slope.
decootor, oris. m. A bankrupt.
decoctus, a, tun, part. pass, of decoquo (also as «<(;.). 1. Carefully
 DEC 129
wrought up. 2. Ripe, mellow. Jdecoota, as./ (as st<l$t.) Water,
bailed and then iced, as a cold drink,
tjdecollo, as. v. a. 1. To behead. 2. To deprive,
fdecolo, as. v. n. To trickle in scanty drops, to fail.
§decolor, oris. adj. m.f. 1. Discoloured, not of its natural colour. 2.
Depraved, degenerate. 3. Unbecoming.
decoloratio, onis. /. Discolouration,
decoloro, as. r. a. To discolour, to disfigure, to defile.
deciquo, Is, xi, etaxn. v. a. 1. To boil down, to boil away, to melt
away, to decrease. 2. To boil, to cook. 3. To squander one's pro
perty, to become a bankrupt. Hunc alea decoquit, gambling is the ruin of
this man, Pers.
decor, oris. m. Grace, elegance, what is becoming, beauty.
decore. adv. Becomingly, properly, gracefully, beautifully.
decoro, as. v. a. To deck, to decorate, to adorn.
decorus, a, tun. adj. 1. Becoming, suitable to, decorous, seemly. 2.
Beautiful, elegant. 3. Decorated, adorned ; (n. as subst.) that which is
becoming, propriety, decorum (Cicero gives it as the translation of to
■xptwoy).
decrSpItus, a, urn. adj. Worn out, decrepid.
decresco, Is, evi, etum, v. n. To decrease, diminish, grow less, to wane (of
the moon), to wear away, wear out.
decretum, i. «. [decerno.] A decree, a decision, a vote passed.
C deculco, as. r. a. To trample on.
• decumates agri. Land liable to the payment of tithe, Tac. See decima.
decumbo. Is, c&bui, cubltum. v. n. 1. To lie down, to sit down at table.
2. To fall (of a conquered gladiator).
decurio, ae. f. 1. A division into ten (each turma of the cavalry was
divided into decuries of ten men). 2. A division without reference to
number, esp. of the judges; there were three such decurice till the time of
Augustus, who added a fourth. See Smith's Ant. voc. Judex.
decuria tio, onis./, and decuriatus, us. m. A dividing into decuries.
decurio, as. o. a. To divide into decuries.
decurio, onis. m. 1. The commander of a decuria of cavalry. 2. A
member of the senate of the municipia, and the colonies. Decurio cubicu •
lariorum, the high chamberlain, Suet.
decurro, is. per/, curri, and cucurri, cursum. v.n. 1. To run down, go
down rapidly, flow down (of a river), descend (into the open sea, as a
ship, i. e.), set sail. 2. (Of soldiers) to advance to an attack, to skir
mish. Quinto die iterum in armis decursum esr, on the fifth day there was
a second skirmish, Liv. 3. To run about in armour (dancing at festivals
or funeral games). 4. To run through, pnss through, pass, discuss.
5. To betake oneself to, to have recourse to (c. ad and ace., often as pass,
impers.). Eo decursum est ut populus comitiam haberet, they had recourse to
the expedient of making the people hold an assembly, Liv.; inceptumque una
decurre laborers, and with me pass through (sail through), i. e. bring to a
conclusion the labour thus begun, Virg.
decursio, onis. f. 1 . A running down, a sally out, a skirmish. 2. J A
walkin^ in armour. See decurro, 3.
decursus, us. m. 1. A running down, a flowing down, a descent. 2.
A sally, a skirmish, a military evolution. 3. A running in armour (at
a festival, etc. ; see decurro, 3). 4. A coming to the end of a career :
decursus honorum, the having run or passed through all the honours of the
state, Cic.
decurto, as. v. a. To curtail, abridge, mutilate.
decus, iris. n. 1. Ornament, decoration. 2. Dignity, honour. 3.
Grace, beauty. 4. Glory, credit. 5. Propriety, virtue.
tdecussis, is. / A piece of money worth ten asses, a ten as piece.
decusso, as. v. a. To divide crosswise, saltire fashion.
decutio, Is, ussi, ussum. v. a. To shake off, strike off.
X
130 DED — DEF
dedecet e. unpen, ting, and pi. (sometimes the nom. of the thing it ex
pressed). To misbecome, to be unbecoming, improper.
dedecor, oris. adj. m.f. Disgraced, disgraceful.
dedecoro, as. v. a. To disgrace, to dishonour.
+Jdedecdrus, a, um. adj. Discreditable, disgraceful.
dcdecus, iris. n. 1. Disgrace, dishonour, shame. 2. A disgraceful
action, shameful conduct
dedlcatio, onis. /. A dedication, consecration.
dedico. as. v. a. 1. tTo announce, to declare. 2. To enter (in a
return). 3. To dedicate, to consecrate. 4. JTo dedicate (to a patron),
to devote (to a purpose).
dedignor, axis, v. dep. To disdain, to scorn (c. ncc. or c infin.).
dedisco, is, didlci. v. a. To unleam, to forget (what one has learnt).
deditlcins, a, tun. adj. (usu. m. as stJ/sl.). One who has surrendered, s
prisoner by capitulation.
dedltio, 5nis. /. Surrender, capitulation.
deditus, a, nm. pari. pans, of seq. (also with esp. meaning). Given up to
(a pursuit), devoted to, addicted to (c. dat.) : dedita opera, on purpose,
designedly, Cic.
dedo, Is, dldi, dlttun. v. a. 1. To give up, to surrender. 2. dedo me.
to give oneself up to (a pursuit, a friend's views, etc.), to devote oneself is
(c. dat., sometimes c. ad and a gerundive) : dede manus, yield, Lucr.; derii-
derunt se, they capitulated, Cass.
dedoceo, es, ui, cttun. c. a. To unteach, to teach a person the contrary cf
what he has learnt or practised before: populumque falsis dedocet nti
vocibus, and teaches the people not any longer to use incorrect expressions,
Hor.
§dedoleo, es, ui, Itum. v. n. To cease to grieve, to give over grieving.
Jdedoleo, as. c. a. To cut away, to smoothe.
deduco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead or draw down. 2. To lead or
bring away. 3. To lead (esp. of leading a colony to a place), to con
duct (esp. of conducting a bride to her husband's house). 4. To attend,
to escort (as a mark of respect). 6. To launch (a ship). 6. To draw
out, to Bpin out, (lit. and metaph. of writing) to compose. 7. To deduct,
to take away. 8. To deduce, to derive. 9. To lead away from, di
vert from (an intention, an opinion, etc), to lead astray, to mislead : quo
die de fitndo Carina moribus deduceretur, a day on which Crecina shouid be
formally ejected from his farm, Cic. This was a legal form (in order to
give a right of action) by which a person was led from a disputed pes*
session ; " moribus," without force ; " vi," or w vi solida," by force.
deductio, onis. f. 1. A drawing off. 2. A leading or conducting (esp.
to a colony). 3. A deduction, a diminution. 4. A deduction (in
argument). 5. Ejection (see deduco iu fin.) : qua; erit in istos agros
deductio ? what kind of settlement of those lands will take place ? Cic
deductor, oris. m. One who attends a candidate in his canvass.
deductus, a, nm. part. pass, from deduco, q. v.
deerro, as. v. n. To wander out of the way, to stray, to go astray.
-hi defseco, as. v. a. To purify from dregs, to clear, to cleanse.
defatlgatio, onis. f. Fatigue, weariness.
defatigo, as. r. a. To fatigue, weary.
defectio, onis./ 1. A failing, failure, deficiency. '-. Defection, de
sertion, revolt (often c. ab and abl.) 3. t A fainting fit : solis defectio,
an eclipse of the sun, Cic.
^defector, oris. m. A revolter, deserter, a rebel.
defectus, a, urn. part, of deficio, q. v., esp. Failing, exhausted. 2. Dis
heartened.
defectus, us. m. 1. Failure, deficiency. 2. D. solis, an eclipse of the
sun.
defendo, is, di, sum. v. a. 1 . To ward off, to keep away, to avert (c. dat
of the more remote object). 2. To defend, to protect. 3. To sup
 DEF 131
port, to uphold, to maintain (a proposition). 4. To advance in defence :
id maxime defendi, this I most especially urged, Cic.
defensio, onis. f. Defending, defence.
defenslto. as. r. a. To defend, to be in the habit of defending.
defenso, as. p. a. To defend, to protect.
defensor, oris. m. 1. One who wards off, an averter. 2. A defender,
a protector, (applied even to inanimate things) a guard.
defensus, a, urn. part pass, for defendo, q. v. ■
defero, fers, tuli, latum, v. a. 1. To bring down, to carry down, to bear
down (c. ad or in and ace of the place whither or person to whom, c dat
only in PlauL, often c adv. loci). 2. To bring, to conduct, to carry,
esp. of driving (ships) ashore. 3. To give up to, into a person's power,
to deliver over, to transfer (c. ad and ace. pers., more rarely c. dat. ). 4.
To bring information, to announce, to report, to state. 5. To indict,
impeach, inform against 6. To make a return of, enter, set down in a
return. 7. To recommend for reward or promotion : in benefices ad
xrarium delatus est a Lucullo, he was recommended by Lucullus, and his
name placed on the list of those to be rewarded for their services, Cic.; ad
quern Epicurei primas deferebant, to whom the Epicureans assigned the
preeminence, Cic.
deferosco, is, vi, no sup. r. ». To cool down, to become cooler (lit and
metaph.). -~< ~ d. T> N. 2T XSK7K
defessus, a, run. (part, of defensor, to be weary, found only in Jet.) ; as adj.
Wean-, fatigued. /^-
deficio. Is. feci, fectum. tt.n. 1. To leave, to abandon (c. ab and abl.).
2. To revolt from, to rebel (c. ab and abl.). 3. To fail, to be wanting,
to be deficient (sine c). 4. (v. a.) To be wanting to, to fail, to desert
(as a man's strength deserts him), (c. ace, more rarely c. dat.): lie animo de-
ficerent, that they might not lose courage, Cxs.; pass, both deficior and
§ deno. is, to fail, to fall short, to be deficient in.
deffgo. is. zi, xum. v. a. 1. To fix down, to fix, to fasten, to fix firmly.
2. To transfix ( with astonishment). 3. To announce (as an augur makes
a solemn announcement). 4. To curse, to devote to the infernal gods
(because witches made figures of wax, and pierced them with pins, as was
practised in the middle ages). 5. JTo reprove, to blame.
defingo. is, inxi, ictum. c. a. To form, to describe.
sefinio, is. Ivi, itnm. v. a. 1. To mark out the limits, the boundaries of.
2. To limit, to confine. 3. To mark out, to fix. 4. To define, to
describe. 5. To lay down as a definition. 6. To finish, to conclude
(rare).
definite, adv. Definitely, expressly, in precise terms.
definitio. onis./'. A definition, a precise description.
definitivas, a, urn. adj. Laying down a definition, explanatory.
definltus, a, tun. part. pass, of definio; also as adj. Definite, distinctly
marked out, fixed, settled.
deflo. p. Deficio.
dsflagratio, onis./. A burning, a conflagration.
deffagratus, a, um. pass, p ■irt. of 6eq. 1. Burnt 2. Destroyed.
defligTO, as. p. «. 1. To burn, to be on fire, to be consumed by fire;
(metaph.) to be destroyed (by any means). 2. (Metaph.) To burn out,
to cease to burn, to cool (of anger, etc).
deflects, is, xi, xum. r. a. and n. 1. To bend down. 2. To bend
aiide, turn aside, divert (from its original or intended course). 3.
(c. ».) To turn aside, to wander from, depart from (so as to differ) :
Philippum novara postea deflexisse viam, [saying] that Philip hod subse
quently made a new road in another direction, Liv.
defleo. es, Sri, etum. v. a. To weep for, to lament, to weep.
Tdefloccatns, a, nm. adj. Bald.
defloresco, is, mi, no sup. c. n. To fade, to wither (lit and metaph.).
deflno, is, xi, xum. v. n. 1. To flow down, (lit. and metaph.) to flow.
K2
132 DEF—DEI
2. To be carried down by the stream, to float 3. To fall down (si a
robe to the feet), to descend, to come to (usu. c ad and ace, once c dat
pers. to whom a thing comes, L e. by whom it is gained or received) : Co
nors ad terram defluzit equis, the troops dismounted, Virg. 4. To (Se
riate. 5. To fall away, to secede (from a party). 5. To cease to
flow, (metaph.) to cease, to come to an end, to pass away: ne quid in terram
defluat, that nothing may fall to the ground, i. e. be lost, Cic
defodio. Is, fodi, fossum. v. a. 1. To dig into, to dig up. 2. To bury
(metaph.).
defore.—See desum.
deformatio, onia.f. A disfiguring, a defacing.
deformis, e. adj. 1. Deformed, misshapen, unsightly, ugly. 2. Shape
less.
deformltas, atis. / Deformity, (lit and metaph.) ugliness.
ilefor mo, as. v. a. 1. To form, to fashion. 2. To deform, to disfigure.
3. To disgrace, to dishonour.
defraudo, as. v. a. To defraud, to cheat (c. abl. rei).
defrenatus, a, um. adj. Unbridled, unrestrained.
defxlco, as, ui. ictum. v. a. To rub, to rub down, (metaph.) to satirise.
defringo, is, fregi, fractum. r. a. To break off.
riefrutum, i. *. New wine boiled down.
defugio. Is, fugi, fugltum. v. a. To flee from, shun, avoid, escape.
defunctus, a. um. v. Defungor.
defundo, is, fudi, fiisum, r. a. To pour down, to pour forth.
defungor, eris, functus, sum. r. dep. To discharge (a duty), to perform,
to finish. 2. To die : defuncta belli* barbitos, a lyre which has finished
its service, Hor. ; defunctus jam sum, now I am safe, Ter.
degSner, iris, adj., m. f. 1. Degenerate, degenerating from (c. gen.).
2. Ignoble, base.
degenero, as. r. n. 1. To degenerate, to degenerate from (c. ab and aU).
2. To dishonour (by degenerating from), (c. ace.) : degeneratum in aliis,
his degeneracy in other points, Liv.
tjdegero, is, gessi, gestum. v. a. I. To carry off. 2. To make up
(into a form),
tjdeglfibo, is. no pert To skin, to flay,
dego, is, degi, no sup. v. a. 1. To spend, to pass (time, life, etc.). 2.
(r. ».) To live,
degrandlnat. v. impere. To leave off hailing,
degravo, as. v. a. 1. To weigh down. 2. To overpower, to crush (of
superior enemies),
degredior, iris, gressus sum. v. dep. 1. To go down, to descend. 2.
To dismount, to alight
degusto, as. v. a. 1. To taste. 2. (Metaph.) To make trial of.
3. §To touch slightly, to graze.
dehinc (sometimes dehinc as monosyll.). adv. I. From hence (very
rarely of place, usu. of time), henceforth, afterwards, then, next '-'. lu
the second place (rare).
dehisco, is. (perf. found in no good author), v. n. To open, to gape (of the
ground cloven by an earthquake, the waves parting asunder, a leaky boat):
dehiscens intervallis acies, the line of battle with gaps in it ; gaps in the
line of battle, Liv.
dehonestamentum, i. n. That which disgraces or dishonours, a blemish.
dehonesto, as. r. a. To disgrace, to dishonour.
dehortor, aris. v. dep. To exhort against, to dissuade (c. infin. or c ab and
abl., *fc. ne and subj.).
dein, and deinde. adv. 1. From thence, (of place) next 2. More usu.
then, (of time) after that, afterwards, next 3. Secondly, in an enu
meration (answering primum, etc).
deinceps. adv. 1. One after another, successively, in succesiion.
2. Next secondly, in the second place (answering primum, etc.). 3. Con
tinuously, without stopping : quos video deinceps tribunos per trienniura
 DEI—DEL 133
fore, who I see will be tribunes one after another for the next three years.
Cic.
deinsuper. adv. From above.
dejectio, onis. /. A casting down, a turning out, ejection.
dejectus, a, um. part. pus. from dejicio. 1. Driven from, driven out.
2. §Deprived of (cabl.). 3. Dishevelled. 4. Slain. (As adj.). 1.
Downcast, disheartened. 2. Low (of situation) : oculos dejecta decoros,
casting down (or cast down as to) her beautiful eyes, Virg. ; dejectus spe,
disappointed, Cas.
dejectus, us. m. 1. A throwing down. 2. A fall (of a river). 3. A
declivity.
dejero, as, also dejuro. c. n. To swear.
dejicio, Is, jeci, jectum. v. a. ' 1. To throw down, to cast down, to drive
down, to tear down. 2. To throw off". 3. To drive away, dislodge,
expel (enemies from a post, etc.), eject. 4. To strike down, to slay (in
battle). 5. To cast down in dejection. 6. To prevent (a person)
from obtaining, deprive of (an expected honour): nee a republics deji-
ciebam oculos, nor did I take my eyes off the republic, Cic. ; heec sunt
dejecta, these things are jotted down, Cic. ; ecquid ergo intelligis quantum
mali de humana conditione dejeceris ? are you at all aware how much evil
you have removed from the condition of mankind? Cic; neque eorum
sortes dejiciuntur, nor are any lota for them (in their case) put into the
urn, Cses. ; dejecit equum, he made his horse leap down.
tdejungo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. To separate.
tdejfivo, as. r. a. To forbear, to assist.
delabor, eris, lapsus sum. v. dep. 1. To fall down, glide down, flow
down. 2. To rail, to descend (metaph.).
delamentor, aria. v. dtp. To lament, te deplore, to bewail
delasso, as. v. a. To weary.
deiatio, onis. f. An accusation, an information.
^delator, oris. m. An informer (sometimes c. gen. of the crime imputed).
*delebllis, e. adj. That can be destroyed, or effaced.
*delectabllis, e. adj. Delectable, agreeable.
delectamentum, i. n. Amusement, delight.
delectatio, onis. /. Pleasure, delight
delecto, as. r. a. To please, to delight, to amuse; (sometimes as v. impart.)
it delights me.
delectus, a, um. part. pass, from delego, q. v. esp. Picked out for excel
lence, select.
delectus, us. m. I. A choice, selection. 2. A levy (of troops), enlist
ment 3. JThe men levied or enlisted.
delegatio, onis. / An assignment (of a debt.)
delego, as. v. a. 1. To send. 2. To remove, to transfer. 3. To
delegate (a duty), to entrust. 4. To assign over (a debt). S. To
impute, to ascribe (c. dat, more rarely c. ad and ace.).
+delenlficus, a, tun. adj. Soothing, winning, attractive.
delenlmentum, i. n. A charm, that which soothes or attracts.
delenio, Is, Ivi. Itum. r. a. To soothe, to charm, to captivate.
deierutor, oris. m. One who soothes.
deleo. es. evi, etum. v. a. 1. To blot out, to efface. 2. To atone for,
efface the recollection of. 3. To destroy, to annihilate.
+deletio, onis./ Utter destruction.
dellberabundus, a, um. adj. Deliberating.
deliberatio, onis. f. Deliberation, grave consideration.
dellberatlvus, a, um. adj. Belonging to deliberation, deliberative.
deliberator, oris. m. One who deliberates.
deliberatus, a, um. part, of seq., also as adj. (c compar.). Fully resolved,
deliberately determined on, deliberate (of a deed).
dellbero, as. v. a. and n. [libra.] 1. To deliberate on, to revolve, to con
sider, to weigh. 2. (t>. ».) To deliberate. 3. To consult with (c
K3
134 DEL-DEM
com and abl.). 4. (». a.) To consult (on oracle), only in Nep. a,
To resolve upon, to determine,
delibo, as. r. a. 1. To taste. 2. (Metaph.) To enjoy. 3. To pick,
to cull (metaph.). 4. To detract from, to diminish,
delibro, as. v. a. To take away, to deduct,
dellbutus, a, tun. part, from delibuo (iniu.). Anointed, smeared,
delicate, adv. Delicately, luxuriously.
dellcatus, a, am. adj. 1. Delicate, delicious, luxurious, voluptuous (of
persons or things). 2. Soft, tender. 3. *t"*Fastidious.
dellcise, arum. p/. f. 1. Delight, pleasure. 2. Amusement, pastime.
3. An object of delight, a darling. Delicias facis, you make a laughing
stock of me, Plaut.
dellciolse, arum. pl.f. A darling.
delictum. La. A fault, an error, a crime (prop, of omission),
dellgo. Is, legi. lectum. v. a. To pick out, to choose, to select (once in
Virg.), to pick out as useless in order to send away, to discard,
deligo. aa. e. a. To bind down, to bind, to fasten.
tdelingo, is. To lick up. Delingo salem, to lick up salt, i. c. to hare a
wretched dinner, Plaut
delinquo, is, liqui, lictum. r. v. To commit a fault (properly of omission),
to offend, to err; (sometimes c ace.) as, si quid deliquero, if I shall hate
committed any fault, Cic.
deliquesco. Is, llcui, no sup. v. n. To melt, to dissolve. 2. To melt
away (so as) to disappear,
tdellqninm, i. n. Injury, loss.
+delIquo. as. v. a. To make clear, to explain.
JJdeliraraentum, i. «., and deliratio, onis./ Folly, absurdity,
deliro, as. v. n. [de lira (an old word for a furrow).] To be crazy, to h:
silly, to dote. Quicquid delirant reges, whatever folly the kings commit,
Hor.
dellrus, a, "» adj. Crazy, silly, doting,
delltesco, is, Htui, no sup. v. n. To lie hid, to lurk. 2. To take refuge
in, to skulk behind (c. in and abl.).
delitlgo, aa. v. n. To quarrel, to scold.
Delius, a, tun. adj. Of Delos, the island sacred to Apollo and Diana as
their birthplace : Delia Dea, Diana, Hor.; m. as subst, Apollo. Another
form is Deliacus, used only of Delian brass, and of capons, for which the
Delians were celebrated.
Delphlcns, a, urn. adj. Of Delphi, where Apollo's chief oracle was, (as. as
suligl.) Apollo,
delphin, inis, ace Ina. m. [Se\(j>iv.] A dolphin,
delubrum, i. «. A shrine, a temple,
tdeluctor, aris. v. dcp. To struggle, to wrestle,
tdeludlflco, as. v. a. To mock, to make a tool of. .
deiudo. is, si, sum. v. a. To mock, to deceive, to delude.
Jdelumbis, e. adj. Crippled in the loins, (meta) h.) weak, enervated,
delumbo, as. v. a. To cripple in the loins, (metaph.) to weaken.
§demadesco, is, dui. v. n. no sup. To become wet.
demando, as. v. a. To entrust to : in proximam civitatem demondari, to be
brought (or sent) in safety to the next city, Suet.
tdemarchns, i. m. [57)u»v Spx""-] A tribune of the people,
demons, entis. adj. 1 . Out of one's mind, senseless, mad, frantic. §2.
(Esp.) Ignorant of the future,
dementer. adv. Madly, senselessly, foolishly,
dementia, aa / Madness, folly.
fdementio, is, Gvi, no sup. v. ». To be mad, to be foolish.
demereo, es, ui, Itnm. v. a. and -eor, eris. v. dtp. 1. To deserve, to
deserve well of, to oblige (c. ace. pers.).
demergo, is, si, sum. v. a. To sink into, plunge into; (in past.) to be sunk,
immersed, overwhelmed.
 DEM 135
demessus, a, in, v. demeto.
demetior, iris, monsus sum. p. dep., part demensns in pass, sense. To
measure, to measure out.
demeto, is, messui, messtun. v. a. To reap, to mow, to cut down, to gather.
tie m gra tio. onis. /. Emigration, removal.
dem'igro, as. t>. n. 1. To migrate, to remove, to depart. 2. To stand
aloof from, avoid the company of. 3. To die (only once in Cic).
deminao, Is, ui, utum. v. diminuo.
demiror, aril. v. dep. To wonder, to wonder very much.
demisse. ius, issime. adv. 1 . Low, at a moderate height 2. Humbly,
modestly. 3. Meanly, abjectly.
demissio, onis. f. 1. A lowering, a letting down. 2. D. animi,
depression of spirits, dejection.
+ demisslcius, a, tun. adj. Hanging low, reaching low down.
demissus, a, urn. part. pass, of demitto, also as adj. (c. compar.). 1. Low
situated low. 2. Hanging down. 3. Depressed, dejected. 4.
bumble, modest. 5. Lowly, mean : ab alto demissum genus JEneA, a
race descended from the noble -Eneas, Hor.
demitlgo, as. v. a. To make gentle, to render lenient.
demitto, Is, misi, missuru. r. a. 1. To send down (usu. c. ad or in and
ace., poet.; also c. dat.). 2. To let fall, to let hang down, to drop, to
lower, to let sink. Ut eas voces in pectora animosque demitterent, to let
those words sink deep into their hearts and minds, Liv. 3. To lead
down, march down (troops). 4. demitto me, to stoop, to descend (c
ad and ace.), to devote oneself to (a business) (c. in and ace). 5. Demitto
animum, or aminos, to be disheartened, to despond. Cogita ne te eo
demittas unde exitum vides nullum esse, take care you do not get into a
position from which you see that there is no escape, Cic. ; cohortatus est ne
ae admodum animo demitterent, he exhorted them not to be much dis
heartened, Cass. ; cum in euro casum me for tuna demisisset, when fortune
had placed me in such unfortunate circumstances, Cic.
demiurgus, i. m. [Srifuovpybs]. The title of the chief magistrate in some of
the Grecian states.
demo, is, mpsi, mptnm. v. a. 1. To take away, to take off, to remove,
to withdraw. Furtoque silentia deme, remove concealment from (i. e. reveal)
the theft, Ov.; dempto fine carendus, to be wanted for ever, Ov.; dulcedo
legis ipsa per se dempto auctore subibat animos, the acceptableness of the
law by itself, even without any consideration of its author, made an im
pression on their minds, Liv.
demo.ior. iris. v. dep. 1. To pull down, demolish, destroy. 2. To
remove, to put an end to.
demolitio. onis. /: A pulling down, demolition.
demonstrate, onis. /. 1. A pointing out, description, demonstration.
2. (In oratory) Personal allusion (either in the way of praise or attack ).
demonstrativus, a, am. 1. Pointing out, demonstrative. 2. (Of
oratory) That which is devoted to praising or attacking some one, personal.
demonstrator, oris. m. One who points out, who indicates.
demonstro, as. v. a. 1. To point out, to indicate. 2. To demonstrate,
to prove. 3. To describe, to mention. 4. (In law) To deliver (a
piece of land to the purchaser); pass, impers.: naves de quibus supra de-
monstratum est, the ships which were mentioned before, Cffis.
tdemordeo, es, di. sum. e. a. To bite off, to bite.
demorior, eris, mortuus sum. v. dep., except in Plaut. only in perf. and
pluperf. 1. + To die for love of (c. ace). 2. To die.
demoror, oris. v. dep. 1. (in/runs, rare) To loiter, to linger. 2.
(trans.) To delay, to detain, to retard : inutilis annos demoror, I linger out
my years unprofitable, Virg.
demortuus, a, am. part, of demorior, q. v. Dead.
demoveo, es, movi, motum. v. a. To move away, to remove.
demugitus, a, am. adj. Filled with the noise of lowing.
K.4
136 DEM-DEN
demulceo, es, si, stun. r. a. To stroke down caressingly, to caress.
demum. adv. 1. At length, at last (often used with other ad verba, at,
jam, modo, turn, etc.). 2. Forsooth, really, certainly, in short.
demurmuro, as. v. n. To mutter over.
demutatio, anil./. Change, alteration.
tjdemuto, as. v. a. and n. To change, to alter.
denarius, a, am. adj. Containing ten. 1. (m. as most.) A Romaa
silver coin, containing at first 10, afterwards 18 asses — nearly equal in
value to an Attic drachma; in Pliny's time there was also a golden coin of
this name, of the value of 25 silver denarii. Vide ecqua spes sit denarii,
see if there be any hope of money, Cic
§denarro, as. c. a. To narrate, to relate.
tdenaso, as. v. a. To deprive of the nose.
denat", as. v. n. To swim down, to swim in.
denego, as. v. a, 1. To deny, to say it is not so. 2. To deny (a re
quest), to refuse (c. ace. of the request, c. dat. oi the petitioner).
deni, SB, a. 1. Ten. 2. By tens. Deni duodenique, by tens and
twelves, Cms.
denlcales ferise. A funeral solemnity among the Romans for the puriS-
cation of the family of the deceased.
denlqne. adv. 1. At last, at length. 2. Lastly, in the last place.
3. Then, thereupon. 4. In short, in a word.
denomino. as. v. a. To denominate, to call.
§denormo, as. v. a. To make irregular, unsightly.
.1 denotatio. onis./. A pointing out.
dens, tis. m. A tooth (of any kind) of a head, aplough, a comb, etc. Corvs
Satumi dente, with the crooked reaping hook (or pruning knife). Virg. ; dens
Indus, Numida, or Libycus, ivory, Ov. ; dens maledicus, the worth cf
calumny, Cic ; dens invidus, envy, Hor.
dense, adv. Thickly, closely, in numbers, frequently.
denseo, es, and denso, as, no pert 1. To thicken. 2. To press close
together, to make dense. Agmina densentur. the armies are marshalled in
close order, Virg. ; denset hasttlia, he shoots his spears thickly, in numbers,
one after the other, Virg.; -scutis super capita densatis, with their shields
packed close together over their heads, Liv.
Jdensitas, atis./ Density, thickness.
densus, a, in. adj. 1. Closely pressed together, close, dense, thick.
2. Numerous. 3. Frequent, thickly showered (blows, etc). t.
S Full of, thickly studded with, thickly set with. 5. Condensed, con
cise (of style, of a writer, etc.).
dentalia, urn. pi. n. 1. A ploughshare. 2. t A plough.
dentatus, a, um. adj. Having teeth (of a person, or an instrument): male
dentata puella, a girl with bad teeth, Ov.; charta dentata, glased paper
(lit polished with a boar's tooth), Cic.
+dent"ifranglbulus, a, nm. adj. Breaking, knocking out teeth.
fdentilegus, i m. One who has had his teeth knocked out (lit. who picks
up his teeth afterwards).
fdentio, Is. v. n. To grow (of teeth).
1 dentisculpium, i. n. A toothpick.
:; dentitio, onis. / The cutting of teeth, dentition.
denubo, is, psi, ptum. «. n. To marry (of the woman). Nee Canis in alios
denupsit thalaraos, and Csenis had married no one, Ov.
denudo, as. r. a. 1. To strip naked, to strip. 2. To lay bare, to dis
close. 3. To plunder.
denuntiatio, onis./. An announcement, a declaration. 2. Denun
ciation in the way of threat, also of laying an information against. 3.
d. testimnnii, a summoning of, or threatening to summon, a witness.
denuntio, as. v. a. 1, To announce, to declare, to make a formal deco
ration of (war, etc.). 2. To denounce, to threaten. 3. To portend,
to predict. 4. To intimate to, to command (c dat.) : testimonium eii
 DEN — DEP 137
denuntiare, to summon them as witnesses, Cic; and without dat.: non de-
nuntiavi, I hare not summoned them, Cic.
denuo. adv. [de novo.] Anew, afresh, again.
Deoij, Idis. / [ Arjii.] The daughter of Cexea, Proserpine.
Dedius. a, um. adj. Sacred to Ceres.
dednero, as. v. a. 1. To remove a load, to remove. 2. JTo disburden.
deorsum, eo or eo. adv. 1. Downwards. 2. + Below: sursum deor-
sum, up and down, Cic
tdeosculor, aria. v. dtp. To kiss.
depaciscor, eris, pactos sum. v. dtp. To bargain for, make a bargain with
(c cum and abLpert.): cur non honestissimo (periculo, sc.) depacisci velim ?
why should I not be glad to bargain for (i. e. be contented with) that
which is accompanied with the greatest credit ? Cic.
+*depango, is. no per/., sup. pactum. To fasten down, to fix.
depaseo, is, pavi, pastum. v. a. To feed down (as a fanner feeds down n
field by turning cattle into it). (As dep.) depascor, to feed upon, to eat,
to devour; (per/, part.) depastus, usu. in pass, sense, fed upon, eaten,
tasted : luxuries qusdam quae stilo depascenda est, a certain luxuriance
of expression, which must be repressed, by (the blunt end of) the stylus,
Cic; sepes Hyblaeis apibus florem depasta salicti, a hedge with its willow
blossoms fed upon (lit., fed upon as to its willow blossoms) by the Hyblssaii
bees, Virg.
depeciscor. —See depaciscor.
depecto, is, xi, xum. v. a. 1. To comb down, to comb. 2. tTo beat
soundly.
depecfilator, oris. m. A plunderer, a peculator.
depecilor, aria. t>. dtp. 1. To plunder, to despoil. 2. To detract
from.
depello, is, pnli, pulsum. v. a. 1. To drive down, to drive away, to
drive out of, to expel, to dislodge. 2. To deter, to dissuade from : morte
voluntaria necessariam turpitudinem depulisse, to have repelled (or avoided)
by a voluntary death the shame to which it was sought to force them,
Cic. ; lacte depulsus, depulsus ab ubere raatris (and simply depulsus),
weaned, Hor- Virg.
dependeo.es, di.cn. 1. To hang down. 2. §To depend upon (c.
ab and aiL rare).
dependo, is, di, sum. c. o. 1. To weigh out, to pay. 2. tTo expend
upon (c dat. of the object.) ; felicibus armis dependisse caput, to have
died in the hour of victory. 3. (v. n.) +To weigh less.
deperdo, is, didi, dltnm. c. a. 1. To lose. 2. tTo destroy.
depereo, Is, Ivi. Itum. v. n. To perish, to be ruined, to be undone. 2.
To be dying of love for, (amore, Liv.) to love (c ace, once in CatulL, often
in Plant.).
depexus, a, am. part, from depecto, q. v.
depictus, a, um. part, from depingo, q. v. Nimium depictus, too much em
bellished, too flowery (style), Cic.
- depllo, as. r. a. To strip off the hair from.
depingo, is, inii, ietnm. v. a. 1. To paint, to draw, to depict 2. To
describe, to represent
Sdeplango, is, nxi. r. a. To lament, to bewail.
tdepleo. es, evi, etum. r. a. To drain off, to empty.
f sdeplexns, a, um. part, from deplector (tans.). Seizing hold of, embracing.
deploro, as. v. *. and a. 1. (c. n.) To weep bitterly. 2. (c. a.) To
weep for, to bewail ; sua consilia, deploratis communibus, exsequentes, fol
lowing their private objects, having given up all hope of the general safety,
Liv.
§depluit v. impert. It rains: multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis, and
that there was a shower of many stones falling on the ground, Tib.; Niobe
lacmuas depluit, Niobe rained down tears, Prop.
tdepolio, is, ivi, Itum, 1. To polish. 2. To beat
138 DEP
depono,is, posui (once deposivi. Cat. ), posltum. v.a. 1. To pot down, place
down, to deposit. 2. To lay (as a bet), to wager. 3. To deposit for
security (c. in and abl. of a place where), to entrust to (c. apod and ace.
of a person to whom): pecunias deponere in publics fide, to trust their
money to the good faith of the nation, Liv. 4. To lay aside, to dis
card : quam mater prope Deliam deposirit olivam, whom her mother bore,
laving aside her burden by the Delian olive. Cat. — See Depositus.
depopulatio, Snis.yC A depopulation, a laying waste.
depopulator. oris. in. One who lays waste.
depopulor, aril. t>. dep. (part. per/, and gerundive often in past, sense). To
depopulate, lay waste, ravage, pillage.
deporto, as. v.a. 1. To carry away (esp. by sea). 2. To bring back,
to bring home (esp. an army). 3. To carry off, i. e. gain. 4. {To
banish.
deposco, Is, poposci. no sup. v. a. To demand, to demand earnestly, to
claim (often deposco mihi) : audacia in periculis depnscendis, audacity in
courting danger, Tnc. ; hi return amicos ad mortem deposcere, these men
began to demand that the king's friends should be given up to be put to
death, Czes.; so, deposcere morti, Tac.
Jdepositlo, onis./ The close (of a sentence).
depositum, i. it. A deposit, a thing which has been placed somewhere, or
entrusted to some one for safety, a pledge.
depositus, a, am, sync, gdepostus. part. pass, of depono, q. v., esp. with
meaning, laid out for burial, dead, dying : videor eegrara et prope depotitam
reipublicse partem suscepisse, I seem to have undertaken the charge of the
diseased and almost lifeless cause of the republic, Cic.
depravate. adv. Wrongly, incorrectly.
depravatio, onis. f. 1. Distortion. 2. A perversion, misrepresenta
tion. 3. A going wrong, depravity.
depravo, as. v. «. 1. To distort, pervert, 2. To seduce, to corrupt
Jdeprecabundus, a, am. adj. Deprecating.
deprecatio, onis. f. 1. A deprecating, a seeking to avert (evil) by en
treaty, a prayer for pardon. 2. An invoking (the gods as witnessses).
deprecator, oris. m. One who seeks to avert (evil from oneselt or from
others as an intercessor) by entreaty.
deprecor, iris. v. dep. 1 . To deprecate, to seek to avert by prayer, to
pray against. 2. To pray, to entreat. 3. To plead in excuse. 4.
To pray for something which is in danger, to seek to obtain (the safety of)
by prayer. 5. § To imprecate ( c. dat. pers. on whom ).
deprehendo, sync, prend. is, di, sum. v. a. 1. To take hold of, take,
seize, catch. 2. To detect (a criminal, or a crime), to catch in the
fact. 3. To discover, to perceive, to become aware of, to comprehend.
4. (Esp. in pass, part.) To confine, to bring into a strait, to embarrass.
deprehensio, onis./. Detection, discovery.
depressus, a, am. part. pass, from deprimo, q. v. ; also as adj. (c. compar., etc.).
Low (in any sense), in a low situation : [Libra] alterno depreasior orbe,
[a balance J more depressed as to one scale than the other, Tib.
depremo, is, pressi, pressum. v.a. 1. To press down, weigh down, de
press, to sink, i. e. to cause to sink. 2. To suppress. 3. JTo dig
deep (a channel, etc.).
fideprtelior, aris, only in part. pres. deprelians. To war.
depromo, is, mpsi, mptam. v. a. To take down, to take out of, to produce
from (c. ex and abl., or poet. c. abl.).
deprSpero, as. r. n. To hasten, to make haste : deproperare apio coronas,
to make hasty garlands of parsley, Hor*
depso, is, ui, ntum. v. a. To knead, to curry.
depudet. v. impers. Qua; depudnit ferre, the things I was not ashamed to
bear, Ov. Velleius uses it like pudet, to shame.
depugno, aa. r. a. To fight, to fight vigorously, to fight (it) out to the end
(pass, impers.) : cum Gallis depugnatum est, they fought with the Gault,
Liv.
 DEP—DE S 139
depnlsio, 8nia./ 1. A driving off, a driving away, a warding off. 2.
The repelling of an accusation, defence. 3. A letting fall.
depulsor, oris. m. One who drives away, repels, averts.
depulsus, a, am. part. pass, of depello, q. v.
depute as. r. o. 1. To prune away, to prune. 2. To think.
^derado, is. si, sum. r. a. To scrape off.
derelictio, onis. / Abandonment.
derelinquo, is, lqui, ictum. v. a. To leave, to desert, to abandon.
derepente. adv. Suddenly.
*derepo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. To creep up.
dereptas, a. tun, part. pass, from deripio, q. v.
derideo. es. si, sum. v. a. To laugh at, to mock, to deride, to jeer.
T^deridiculus. a, am. adj. Ridiculous : deridiculi gratia, in joke, Plaut. ;
di-ridiculo fuit senex, the old man was an object of ridicule, Tac
derigesco. Is, goi (no sup.), b. h. To become stiff, rigid : deriguit visu in
medio, she stood motionless, amazed at the sight, Virg.; deriguere comae,
her hair stood on end, Or.
deripio, is. ui, reptum. c. a. To tear off, away, strip off, take away.
derisor. oris. m. One who derides, laughs at, a scoffer.
Cderisus, us. m. Derision, scoffing.
derivatio, onis./. A turning off into another channel.
derivo. as. r. o. 1. To turn off into another channel. 2. To turn
aside, divert : derivandi criminis causa, for the sake of diverting the
charge into some other direction, of laying the blame elsewhere, Cic.j
hoc fonte derivata cladeB, the ruin derived from this source, Hor. ; alio re-
sponsionem suam derivavit, he directed his reply to another point, Cic.
derogatio, onis. f. A partial abrogation of a law.
tderSglto, as. v. a. To ask repeatedly.
derogo. as, v. a. To take (a clause) out of (a law), to take away (gene
rally) : non enim mihi tantum derogo, for I will not derogate from my own
pretensions so much, Cic; ubi certam derogat vetustas fidem, in a case
where the lapse of time prevents (or takes away, or diminishes) certainty,
Liv.
derosus, a, am. part. pass. fr. derodo (inns.). Gnawed, nibbled.
+dernndno. as. v. a. To plane off, (mctaph.) to cheat.
deruo. is, ui. atom. v. a. To pull down, to throw down.
deruptus, a, am. part. pass, of derumpo, inus; as adj. (c. compar.). Preci
pitous, steep ; (n. pi. as subst.) precipices.
desaevio, is. no perf. v. n. 1 . To rage. 2 fTo cease raging.
descendo. is. di, sum. r. n. ]. To descend, to go down, to come down,
to march down. 2. To sink down into, to penetrate into (c. in and ace,
poet, c abl.). 3. To condescend to, to humble oneself to, to yield to
(c. ad and ace.). 4. To have recourse to (c. ad and ace.) : placet mihi
i»ia defensio, descendo, I admit the argument of that defence, I acquiesce,
Cic.— (pass, often as impers.)': eo contemptionis descensum, they had be
came so contemptible, they had sunk so low, Tac
descensus, as. m. A descent.
descisco. is. scivi, Ham. v. it. 1. To withdraw from, depart from (esp. to
revolt from). 2. To fall off from, to degenerate from (pass, impers.)'.
quihus invitis descitum ad Samnites erat, against whose will the revolt to
the Sarnnites had taken place, Liv.
describe), is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To sketch, to draw. 2. To write
down, to write out 3. To describe, to depict, to delineate. 4. To
mark off, to divide (the people into classes, etc. etc.). 5. To assign, to
allot.
descripte. adv. Definitely, with precision.
descriptio, onis. /'. 1. A marking out, a delineating. 2. A deli
neation, description. 3. A dividing, division, classification. 4. An
arranging, arrangement
descriptos, a, urn. j-art. pass, of describo, q. v. ; also as atlj. (c. compar.).
Properly marked out, defined, arranged; Xn.pl. as svl'tt., nicmornnda.
140 DES
deseco, M, ni, ctum. v. a. 1. To cut off. 2. To cat down.
desenesco, is, nui. v. a. To die of old age, to die out (of a war).
desero, is, send, sertum. v. a. To leave, to desert, to abandon, to forsake.
desertio, onis./. Desertion, abandonment.
desertor, oris. m. One who abandons, a deserter, a runaway.
desertus, a, urn. part pass, from desero, q. v. ; also as adj. (c. cotnpar. and
eh perl.). Desert, solitary; (n. pi. as mist.) desert places, deserts.
deservio. Is, ivi, Hum. v. n. To serve, to be devoted to, attend to : Epi-
curei corpori deservientes, the Epicureans being slaves to their bodies,
Cic
deses, idis. adj., m.f. (nom. sing, not found). Inactive, indolent,
fdesicco, aa. v. a. To dry, to wipe dry.
t Jdesldeo, es, sedi, sessum. r. n. To be indolent, inactive, to sit still
doing nothing.
desiderabllis, e. adj. Desirable.
desideratio, onis. f. A longing for, a missing (what one has enjoyed).
desiderium, i. n. 1. a desire (for what one has not), esp. regret (for what
one has lost). 2. Desire of, need of. 3. JA petition.
deBidero, as. v. a. 1. To wish for, to long for, to desire, to require,
2. To miss (i. e. not to find what one expects to find), to feel the want of.
3. To feel the loss of, to lose : neque quicquam ex fano prater unum signom
desideratum est, nor was anything lost out of the temple but one statue,
Cic. ; Sextilem totum desideror, I am looked for, I keep you looking out
for me the whole of August, Hor.
desldia, a?./ 1. §A sitting still. 2. Laziness, indolence.
tdesIdiSse. adv. Lazily, idly.
desidiosus, a, urn. adj. 1. Lazy. 2. Having nothing to do. 3.
Causing laziness.
desido, is, sedi, no sup. c. n. 1. To sink down, to settle down. 2.
To deteriorate, to become worse.
designatio. onis./. 1. A making out, a describing. 2. An arrange
ment, a disposition. 3. JThe election to office.
designator, oris. m. 1. A judge at public games. 2. An undertaker,
a superintendent of funerals.
designo, as. v. a. 1. To mark out. 2. To design, to delineate, to
represent. 3. To designate, to point ont 4. To arrange. 5. T-.i
elect : consul designatus, the consul elect for the ensuing year. 6. §To
do, to perpetrate.
desllio 18, ui, sultum. «. «. To leap down, to plunge down.
deslno, is, sivi, sltum. r. a. 1. To cease, to desist, to give over (usu. c.
infin., once in Hor. c gen., a Greek construction). 2. §To terminate (c.
in and ace., or in and abl.);—( pass, imperi.): tunc bene desinitur, then it
is well to make an end, Ov.
fdesipientia, se. / Folly.
deslpio, Is, no perf. v. a. To be foolish, to play the fool.
desisto, is, stlti, no sup. r. n. 1. To leave off, to cease, to desist (c. ab
and abl., or c. abl., or c. infin.). 2. To terminate, to come to an end.
desolo, as. v. a. To leave desolate, to desert, to abandon.
despectio, onis./. Contempt.
despecto, as. v. a. 1. To look down upon, survey from above, to overlook.
2. JTo despise.
despectus, a, urn (see despicio); as adj. (c. compar. and superL). Despised,
despicable.
despectus, us. m. 1. A looking down on from above, a view. 2. Con
tempt.
desperanter. adv. Despairingly.
desperatio, onis. /. An abandonment of hope, despair.
desperatus, a, urn. pari. pass, of seq.; as adj. Desperate (of persons or
things.)
despero, as. v. w. and a. To give up hope, to cease to hope, to despair of ; some
 DES — DET 141
times c. dat., more usu. c. de and abl., sometimes c. ace. ;— in the pass.: sive
desperamur, or if our case is desperate, Cic. ; desperata salute, all hope of
safety being abandoned, Cass.
desplcatio, onis. /, and dcspicatus. us. m. Contempt.
despicatus, a, um. part, from despicor; as adj. (c. compar. etc.). Contemptible.
despicientia, SB. /'. Contempt
desplcio. Is, spexi, spectum. v. a. 1. To look down upon, (lit. and metaph.)
to survey. 2. To despise.
tdespSliator, 6ris. m. A plunderer.
despotic-, as. v. a. To strip, to despoil, to plunder.
despondeo, es, di , sum. v. a. 1 . To promise. 2. Esp. to promise in
marriage, to betroth. 3. Animum despondeo, to lose heart, to despond.
tdesponso, as. v. a. To betroth.
despumo, as. v. a. 1. To skim off the froth. 2. {To boil. 3. J'l'o
deposit a frothy substance. 4. JTo digest.
despuo, is, ui, utum. v. a. 1. To spit out, to spit. 2 {To spit upon,
to disdain (c in and ace.).
tdesquamo, as. v. a. To pick the scales off.
dcstillo, as. v. a. To distil, to drop down.
destinatio, onis. f. A fixing, au appointment.
destlnatum, i. n. An object, an intention, an aim : J ex destinato, on pur
pose. Suet.
destino. as. v. a. 1. To fasten, to fix (e dat or c. ad and ace of the
more remote object). 2. To appoint, to destine. 3. To fix upon as a
mark, to aim at 4. To destine to oneself, to intend to buy.
destltuo, is, ui, utum. v. a. 1. To set down, to place. 2. To desert,
to abandon. 3. To give up (a purpose or an attempt). 4. To de
fraud, to deprive (c. abl. or c. gen. of the thing of which).
destitutio. onis. f. A forsaking, abandonment
destitutus, a, am, part. pats, from destituo, q. v. ; also as adj. Destitute of
(c. abl., more rarely c. ab and abl.).
destringo, is, inxi, ictum. v. a. 1. To strip off. 2. To unsheathe, to
draw (a sword). 3. §To touch lightly, to graze. 4. §To attack, to
satirize.
Jdestructio, onis./. 1. A pulling down, destruction. 2. Refutation.
destruo. is, xi, otnm. v. a. 1. To pull down, to pull to pieces. 2. To
throw down, to overthrow, to destroy, to demolish, put an end to. 3. {To
subdue (a person). 4. {To weaken, to diminish the power or credit of.
desublto. adv. Suddenly (very rare).
tdesudasco, is. no perf., and desndo, aa. v. n. To sweat greatly, to labour.
desuefactus, a, um. part. fr. desuefacio (inns.). Unaccustomed (of persons,
c. ab and abl.).
desnesco, is, uevi, uetum. v. a. t To disaccustom (but scarcely found ex
cept in pass, part.), unaccustomed (both of persons and things), (of things)
unusual, (of persons) unused to (c. dat or c. infin.).
desuetfido, Inis./ Disuse, desuetude, a being unaccustomed to.
desultor, oris. m. A rider who, at the public games, leaped from one horse
to another : desultor amoris, a changeable lover, Ov.
desultorius, a, um. adj. Of a desultor, q. v.; (in. as mint.) a desultor, Cic.
+ desaltura, EC. f. A leaping down from a horse.
desunx, es, fui, deesse; jut. infin. defore. r. n. 1. To be wanting, to be
absent (not of persons in this sense). 2. To be wanting to the interests
of, to neglect the advantage of, to fail (a person, c. dat) : ne occasioni tem-
poris deesset, that he might not throw away the opportunity, Cics. ; duas
sibi res defuisse quomintu diceret, that the want of two things prevented
him from speaking, Cic
desumo, is, mpsi, mptum. v. a. To pick out, to choose, to select.
desuper. adv. From above, above.
Sdesnrgo, is, surrexi, no sup. v. n. To rise up from.
detSgo, is, xi, ctum. r. a. 1. To uncover, to lay bare. 2. To unroof.
142 DET
3. To discover, to disclose, to reveal, to betray (not treacherously, but as
acts betray a character, etc.).
detendo, is, di, sum. To unstretch : nautici tabemncula detendunt, the
sailors strike their camps, Liv.
detentus. a. am. part. pass. fr. detineo, q. v.
detergeo, es, si, Bum. r. a. 1. To wipe off, to wipe away. 2. To
wipe clean, to cleanse, to clean. 3. To clear away, to sweep away.
4. To sweep off (gains), to acquire. 5. To break to pieces,
deterior, us. compar.; and super!, deterrimus, a, am. no pos. Worse, in
ferior; (of revenues, etc.) less; (of occasions) less favourable.
deterius. adv. Worse.
de terminatio. onis. /. ] . A boundary. 2. A conclusion.
determlno, as. r. a. 1. To mark the boundaries of. 2. To bound.
3. To limit, to measure, to regulate, to determine.
detero, is, trivi, tritum. v. a. 1 . To rub awny, to wear away, to wear
out, 2. To weaken, impair, diminish : detereret sibi multa, he would
rub up (i. e. polish anew, or perhaps soften) many of his lines, Hor.
deterreo, es, ui, Itum. v. a. 1. To deter, to frighten from (c. ab or de
and abl., or c. ne quin or quominus and siibj., more rarely c. infin.). '-.
To ward off, to avert.
detestabilis. e. adj. Detestable, odious, execrable.
detestatio, onis./ 1. An oath accompanied with an imprecation of curses
on its violator. 2. Execration, cursing.
detestor, aris. v. dep. 1. To curse while invoking a deity as witness, to
curse. 2. To imprecate (c in and ace. of those on whom). 3. To
deprecate, to pray that (an evil) may be averted or removed. 4. To
avert: invidiam det 'standee gratia, for the sake of averting envy, Cic
detexo. is, ui, ztum. r. a. 1. To weave off, to finish weaving. 2. To
finish, to complete. 3. +To steal fas if by taking off from the loom).
detineo, es, ui, ntum. r. a, 1. To keep back, to keep away from, to de
tain. 2. To occupy, to engage (as an employment does) : cum se mise-
randisalimeutianomim ad diem detinuisset, when he had kept himself alive
nine days on wretched food, Tac
detondeo, es, di, sum. v. a. To clip, to shear, to cut off.
detonsus, a, um. part, of prec. Shorn, shaven, having the hair cut and
dressed, trimmed (of horses) : detonsa? frigore frondes, the leaves cut off
by the cold, Ov.
detdno, as. v.n. 1. To thunder. 2. To cense thundering (metaph. of
war).
detorqueo, es, si, turn. v. a. 1 . To turn or bend aside. 2. To turn,
to guide, to direct. 3. To distort.
detractio, onis. f. A taking away, a removal.
Xdetractor, oris. m. A detractor, one who disparages.
detraho, is, xi. ctum. v. a. I. To draw off, to take down, to drag off,
away, or down from, to drag (c. ad and ace. of the place, etc., to vthich).
2. To take away, to remove, to deliver. 3. To pull down, to lower (the
dignity of others, etc.). 4. To detract from (c. de and abl. either of
actions or persons) : multum ei detraxit quod alienee erat civitatis, it was a
great disparagement to him that he belonged to another state, Nep.
detrectatio, onis./ A deceiving, avoiding, shrinking.
detrectator, 6ris. m. A detractor, one who disparages.
detrecto, as. v. a. 1. To decline, to refuse, to shirk. 2. To depre
ciate, disparage, detract from.
(leti.mentosus, a, tun. adj. Detrimental, injurious.
detrimentum, i. n. [detero.] 1. Loss, detriment. 2. Damage, in
jury. 3. Defeat (chiefly in Cass.).
detritus, a, um. part. pass. fr. detero, q. v. 1. Worn, rubbed (of a dog's
neck by a collar). 2. Beaten, much worn, hackneyed.
'etrfldo, is, si, sum. t>. a. 1. To thrust down, push down, force down,
iff, or away, to drive away. 2. To dislodge. 3. To drive, to force
% ad and ace. of the place, etc, to which). 4. To reduce, to bring (to
 DET-DEV 143
a worse fortune than before, to an evil, etc., c. ad or in and ace). 5. To
defer, to postpone,
detrunco, as. r. a. 1. To cut off, to lop off. 2. To behead (esp. in
pass. part.).
;. detumesco, is, mui. r. n. To cense to swell.
dc turbo, as. v. a. 1. To throw down, beat down, drive down. 2. To
hurl down, to precipitate down. 3. To pull down (a house, rare). 4.
To dislodge, to dispossess : deturbari spe, to be deprived of one's hope,
Cic; suum quetnque scelus de sanitate ac mente deturbat, each individual's
own crimes deprive him of sound judgment, Cic.
detmx, cia. m. One ounce short of a pound, eleven-twelfths of anything :
avidi deunces, a covetously exacted eleven per cent., Pers. : potare deunces,
to drink eleven cyathi of wine to one of water, Mart,
defiro, is, ussi, ustum. v. a. 1. To burn up, to destroy. 2. To kill or
injure by frost.
Bens, i. m. (nom., dat, and abl. pi. only found in the later poets, and once in
Catullus, for which the best authors use Divi and Di, Divis and Dis, fr.
Divus, q. v.). A God, a Deity (sometimes used even of a goddess by Virj.) :
Dii meliora, Dii melius (dent or ferant understood), God forbid, Cic, Ov.;
Dii illi mortuo (a form of imprecation), may the Gods confound him, Cic. ;
Dis faventibus, Diis volentibus, Diis bene juvantibus, please God, Cic,
Liv.; ubi nunc nobis Dcus illc ? where is now that Godlike man [Eryx] ?
V.rg.
dentor, eris, usns sum. r. dtp. To illtreat,
devasto, as. r. a. To devastate, ravage, to lay waste.
deveho, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To carry away, convey, take away. 2.
(In jxhs.) To go away (esp. of going down a river, or by sea to anyplace),
ttdevello, is, li, vulsum. v. a. To pull off, to tear off.
develo, as. v. a. To unveil, to uncover.
ideveneror, aria. v. dep. To worship,
devenio. is, veni, ventum. v. n. To go to, arrive at, reach.
+deverbero. as. r. a. To beat severely,
deversor, aris. v. dep. To lodge,
deversor. oris. m. A lodger, an inmate.
deversorium, i, dim. devcrsoriSlum, i. ». An inn, a lodging-house,
devertlculum, Ln. 1. A byeroad. 2. A digression. 3. An inn,
a lodging-house. 4. A refuge, a retreat.
deverto, is, ti, Sum. v. a. and v. n. 1 . ( $v. a.) To turn aside, divert from
a purpose. 2. (v. n.) To turn aside (esp. to turn into a house, or person,
i. e. innkeeper, host, etc., and lodge there) (c. ad and ace. pers., or c. ad or
in and ace, sometimes, but very rarely, c ace of the house, once c. abl. of
the name of a town). 3. (f. ».) To digress. 4. devertor (in pass.
like 2.) To turn aside, to lodge in or with, to put up at. 6, To have
recourse to (practices), (c ad and ace),
devexns, a, nm. part. pass, of deveho; also as adj. Sloping downwards,
shelving, steep. 2. Descending (of a star, the afternoon sun, etc).
3. Declining, just beginning to decline (of age).
devincio, Is, nxi, nctum. r. a. To bind, (esp. metaph.) to bind to oneself
by an obligation or kindness, or other similar bond of union.
devinctns, a, am. part, of prec, but also as adj. (c compar.). Attached to,
fond of.
devinco, is, vici. victnm. t>. a. To conquer, to subdue : devicta bella, wars
victoriously concluded, Virg.
dtvitatio. onis. f. An avoiding,
devlto, as. e. a. To avoid.
devius. a, am. adj. 1. Lying out of the way. 2. Living in out of the
way places, retired, lonelv. 3. Going astray, inclined to go astray (lit.
and metaph.). 4. §Difficult of access, not accessible. 5. Out of the
way, i. e. unreasonable (of persons or actions) : devium iter, n bye-path,
Cic, Ov.; devia avis, the owl (according to some only, "a bird on the wrong
side, ill-omened "), Ov. Her. 2. 118.
144 DEV — DIC
devSco, as. v. a. 1. To call away, to call off, to call down. -. To
invite. 3. To lead away, divert (from a previous course of action):
loquitur sese suas exercitusque forttinas in dubium non devocatunun, he
savs that he will not bring himself and his army into danger, Ca?3.
devolo. as. r. n. 1. To fly down. 2. To hasten down.
devolvo, is, vi, volutum. v. a. 1. To roll down. 2. To wind off
(wool in spinning). 3. (In pass.) To roll down, fall down, to sink down,
to descend : devoluta tonitrua, balls rolled about behind the scenes to
imitate thunder, Phadr. ; devolvere retro ad stirpem, go back to the source
from which you sprung, Liv.
devoro, as. v. a. 1. To swallow up, to devour, to swallow (i. e. repress
tears, etc., or to put np with folly, etc). 2. To squander, to get rid of:
devoravi nomen, 1 have forgotten his name, Plant.
Jdevortium, i. «. A bye-road.
devotio, onis. f. 1. A devoting (esp. oneself to danger or destruction).
2. A cursing, execration. 3. J Incantation,
devoto, as. v. a. To devote (very rare).
devotus, a, tun. part pass, of seq. (also as adj., c. compar. etc). 1. De
voted to, attached to (esp. to a pursuit). 2. Accursed, detestable.
3. §Enchanted, bewitched. 4. Devoted (i. e. destined to destruction),
devoveo, es, vovi, votum. v. a. 1. To vow to, devote to (a deity, esp. to
the infernal deities). 2. To devote to death (c. diis immortalibus or ad
mortem, or absolutely). 3. §To bewitch, to enchant: cujus se amiciti*
devovisset, to whose friendship he had devoted himself, Css.
Jdextans, antis. n. Ten-twellths of anything,
dextella, as. f., dim. of dextera. A little right hand,
dexter, era, erum, also sync, tra, tram. 1. On, or to the right hand.
2. Handy, dexterous, skilful. 3. Favourable, propitious, of good omen ;
(f. as subsi.) dextera (sync, more usu. dextra). 1. The right hand.
2. The right side,
dextere, sync dextre. Skilfully, dexterously.
dexterltas, atis. /. Dexterity, readiness.
dextrorsum and sus. Towards or to the right hand.
DIa, se. f. The island of Naxos in the /Egeau sea.
tdiabathrarius, i. m. A shoemaker,
diadema, atis. a. A diadem, a crown.
dieeta, as. / [8/oito.] 1. A mode of living, regimen, diet 2. JA
room,
dialectlca, se. /, and -ioa, arum. n. pi. Dialectics, logic.
dialectice. adv. Logically, according to the rules of dialectics.
dialecticu3, a, urn. adj. [SiaAe'-vo/uti.] Belonging to dialectics, to logic, lo
gical ; \m. as subst.) a dialectician, a logician.
Jdialectos, i. /. [SiixexTot.] A dialect.
Dialis, as. adj. Belonging to Jupiter, sacred to Jupiter: apex dialis, the
cap of the priest of Jupiter,
dialogos, i. m. lSia\fyo/iai.] A dialogue, a conversation.
Dianius, a, am. adj. Of, sacred to Diana; (». as subst.) the temple of Diana,
diariam, i. n. Daily pay, a daily allowance (esp. of food),
dib&phus, i. m. [$U fidirra.] A public office (because those who filled such
wore garments striped with deeply dyed purple).
dica,«o./ [8fm?.] An action, a lawsuit: dicam scribere (cdat), to bring an
action against, Cic. ; so, dicam impingere, Ter.; sortiri dicas, to select a jury
by lot, Cic.
dicacitas. atis. f. Raillery, sarcastic bantering,
dicatio, onis../" A settling as a citizen in another state.
dicax. acis. adj. 1. Talkative. 2. Satirical, sarcastic, witty.
dichoreus, i. w. A double trochee.'
dicis causa, dicis gratift. For form's sake (Cic).
dlco, as, v. o. 1. To dedicate, to consecrate. 2. JTo deify. 3. To
dedicate (i. e. appropriate to a person or a use). 4. To inaugurate : qui
 DIC— DIE 145
se alii civitati dicant, or, in nliam civitatem, who migrate as settlers to, or
who establish themselves as settlers in, another city, Cic.
dlCO, is, xi, Ctum; imper. die. v. a. 1. To .say. to affirm, to assert. 2.
To tell (c. dat. pers). 3. To relate, to celebrate. 4. To say, i. e.
to pronounce. 5. To call, to name. 6. To name, i. e. appoint (to an
office, etc.). 7. To announce, to predict 8. To mean [those things
which are to be feared] : mortem dico, et deos, I mean death, and the
gods. Cic; noli ego perfidum dixi sacramentum, I have not uttered (or
taken) an oath which I will not keep, Hor.; Silano diem dixit, he im
peached Silanus, i. e. appointed a day to bring him to trial, Cic; Orge-
torigem ex vim-nils cansam dicere coegerunt, they put Orgetorix on his trial
as a prisoner, (lit.) they compelled him to plead his cause, to defend him
self, Caes. ; dicor, I am said, i. e. it is said or reported of me; dicto citius,
quicker than one could speak, Virg.—See Dictus.
dicrotum, in. A galley with two banks of oars.
Dictaeus, a, nm. adj. Of Dicte a mountain in Crete, Cretan.
dictamnum, i. n. The herb dittany.
dictator, oris. m. A dictator. —See Smith, Did. Ant.
dictatorius, a, um. adj. Of, concerning, belonging to a dictator.
dictatum. i. n. (u»u. in pi.) A thing dictated, a lesson, an exercise (set
by a master to his pupils), used even of rules for gladiators and morris
dancers.
dictatura, SB. f. The dictatorship.
Jdicterium, i. n. A witticism.
dictio. onis. f. 1. Uttering, pronunciation, delivery, style of speaking.
2. A discourse, a speech (rare). 3. The answer of an oracle. 4.
Dictio causa:, a pleading one's cause, a defending oneself; dictio testimonii,
the right of giving evidence.
dictito, as. v. a. 1. To say often, to be continually saying. 2. To
sar, to assert : qui causas dictitarunt, who were constantly pleading causes,
Ci'c
dicto, as. r. a. 1. To utter, to announce. 2. To dictate (to an amanu
ensis). 3. To compose (writings). 4. +To order, to recommend :
dictabitur haeres, he will be appointed heir, Jar.; dictare actionem, to draw
up a declaration, i. e. to commence an action, Suet
dictum, i. n. 1. A thing uttered, a saying, a word, an expression. 2.
A savin?, i. e. a common saying, a maxim. 3. A witty saying. 4.
(In pt.) Poetry. 5. An oracular prediction. 6. An order.
Dictynna. to.f. [SIktvov.] A name of Diana.
dido, is, didi, ditura. v. a. 1. To distribute. 2. To spread (a report,
etc., esp. in pass.).
diduco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To draw different ways, to separate, to di-
ride. 2. To distribute (esp. troops, etc.). 3. To disperse : ultio Se-
natum in studia diduxerat, the desire of revenge had split the Senate into
parties, Tac; diductum queritur Pompeium, he complains that Pompey is
alienated from him. Can.; incusabat didtictam civitatem ut in civili bello,
he accused the city of being divided into factions as in a civil war, Tac;
foribus repente diductis, the doors being suddenly thrown open, Tac.
diecula, a./., dim. of dies. One little day, a little while.
tdierectna, a, um. adj. 1. Crucified. 2. Destroyed : abi dierectus,
or adv. dii-recte (an imprecation), go and be hanged.
die*, ei (gen. contr. die), m. f. in sing., only m. in pi. 1. A day. 2.
Daylight. 3. Daybreak. 4. Time: longa dies, the lapse of time,
Virg.; diem de die, diem ex die, day after day, from day to day, Liv.,
Cass. ; animadvertit in dies numerum hostium augeri, he perceived that the
numbers of the enemy increased from day to day, or daily, Cass, (less fre
quently in diem); diem noctemque, day and night, i. e. unceasingly, Cses.;
diem suum obire, to die. Cic. ; so, diem supremum obire, and diem obire, to
die, Suet; q'irest»res M. Volscio diem dixerunt. the quaestors prosecuted
M. Volscius, Liv. ; regio dierum plus trigentu in longitudinem, a district
L
146 DIE— DIG
more than thirty days' journey in length, Lit.; inducue quarum dies el-
ierat, a time the period of which had expired, Liv.
Diesplter, tris, but only nom. in Hor. Jupiter.
diffamo. as. r. a. To spread an evil report of, to defame.
differentia, a?./, and tdifferitas, atis./ Difference, diversity.
differo, fera, distuli, dllatum. v. a. and n. 1. (». a.) To scatter, ;o
disperse (things, not people). 2. To plant apart, to separate. X
+To disturb. 4. To spread (a report, etc.). 5. To defame. 6.
To defer, to put off (a thing to be done, or a person with excuses). 7.
(v. n.) To differ, to be different from (usu. c. ab and abl. ; sometimes c
dat., etc.).
difficile, more usu. dlffloulter, or diificillter. adv. With difficulty.
difflcilia, e. adj. 1. Difficult, hard. 2. Difficult of access, ill-tem
pered, morose, untractable.
difficultas, atis./ 1. Difficulty: difficultas nummaria and d. domestics,
difficult! -s as to money, want of money ; erat in magnis Cajsari difficulta-
tibus res ne, . . . the matter was surrounded with great difficulties in
Ca;sar's eyes, Cres. 2. Intractability, moroseness.
diffidenter. adv. Diffidently, distrustfully.
ditfidentia, as. f. Distrust, want of confidence.
diffido, is, flsus sum. t>. n. (c. dat. Jc abl.). 1. To distrust, not to trust.
2. To despair of: invenire se posse quod cuperent diffisi sunt, they had no
confidence in being able to discover what they wished, Cic. — ( Pais, impart,)-.
[causa] cur M. Vulerio non diffideretur, renson why confidence should not
be denied to M. Valerius, Liv.
difflndo, is fidi, flssum. v. a. 1 . To cleave asunder, to divide. 2. To
open : ei legem .... fcreiiti triste omen iliffidi: diem, an ill omen com
pelled him when wishing to bring forward a law .... to put it off till
another day, Liv.
diffin jo, is, inxi, ictum. v. a. To remodel, to make anew.
diffi teor, Sris. v. dtp. To deny, to disavow.
•f- diffio, OS. v. a. To disperse by blowing.
difflno, is, xi, xum. v. n. 1. To flow different ways, to flow away. 2.
To melt, to disappear. 3. To drop : otio diffiuentes, being enervated
by indolence, Cic.
ttdiffringo, is, fregi, fraotum. e. u. To break to pieces.
diffugio, Is, fugi, frugltum. v. n. To flee in different directions, to dis
perse, to (lee.
Jdiffagium, in. A fleeing in different directions, dispersion.
diffando, is, fudi, fusum, and tdiffandito, as. 1. To pour oat, to poor
forth. 2. To diffuse, to scatter, tu spread (even men, troops, etc).
3. To dishevel (hair). 4. To relax with jov, to cheer up, to cxh>
lar.it?.
diffuse, adv. 1 . In a diffuse manner. 2. Separately.
diffusus, a, cm. part. pass, of diffundo ; also as adj. (c. compar., etc). 1.
Widely spre.id, extended. 2. Suffused. ;!. Diffuse, prolix.
digamma. n. A gr ek letter : tuum digtimma videram, I saw the account
hook of your farm (because it was headed with F for fundi, which resem
bles the Greek digamma), Cic,
digero, is, gessi, gestum. v. a. 1 . To carry in different directions. 2.
To separate, to divide, to distribute. 3. To arrange, to set in order.
4. £To digest.
dlgestio, onis. / 1. Orderly arrangement, distribution. 2. J A well-
arranged description : digestio potius quara declamatio, a skeleton of a
speech (lit. a mere arrangement of topics) rather than an actual speech,
Cic
digitus, i m., and dim. digitulus, i. m. 1. A finger. 2. A toe.
3. An inch : index digitus, the forefinger, Hor.; constitit in digitos, he
stood on tiptoe, Virg.; digitum transversum non discedere ab, not to swerve
a finger's breadth from . . . Cic; tollere digitura, to raise the finger (for
 DIG — DIL 147
the purpose of bidding at a sale), Cic. (in token of submission, as a gla
diator, Mart.); quid agat, qua denique digiuira proferat uon hnbet, he
knows not what to do, nor in what direction to move a finger, i. e. nor
what to attempt, Cic. ; si tuos digitos- novi, if I know your skill in reckon^
ing (because the Romans used their lingers in counting), Cic; nostri prin-
cipes digito se ccelum putant attingere, but our great men think them
selves at the summit of happiness, Cic
digladior, aria. v. dep. To fight for life and death, to struggle fiercely.
dignitio, onia. f. 1. %K thinking worthy. 2. Dignity, reputution,
credit.
digne. adv. ]. Worthily, in a worthy or adequate manner. 2. In a
dignified manner.
dignitas. atis. f. 1. A being worthy, worth : dignitas consularis, worth
such as to entitle a man to be consul, Cic. ; pro dignitate Iaudarc, to praise
a man as he deserves, Cic. 2. Excellence, beauty (even of inanimate
things). 3. Dignity, dignified deportment. 4. Honour, rank, office.
dignor, aria. v. dep. and (very rare) digito, as. v. a. 1. To think worthy
(c abl. of the more remote object). 2. To deign, to condescend, to be
thought worthy: 0 felix si qucm dignnbitur, inquit, ista viruin, happy,,
•aid he, will the man be whom that maid will select for (will think worthy
to be) her husband, Ov.
dignosco, is, novi, no sup. r. a. To know apart, to distinguish (c. ab. and
abl. or § c. abl.).
digitus, a, urn. adj. 1. Worthy, deserving (c. abl. or § c. infiu., often c.
qui and subj.). 2. Worthy, dessned. 3. Fitting, adequate, suitable,
digredior, eris, gressus sum. v. dep. 1. To go different ways, to part,
tn separate. 2. To deviate, to digress.
digressio. onis../. 1. A going away, a departure. 2. A digression.
digreisus, us. m. 1, A going different ways, a separation, a departure.
2. ^Digression.
idigrunnio, is. r. n. To grunt.
tijudicatio, dais./ A decision of a suit.
dijudlco, as. v. a. 1. To judge, to decide. 2. To distinguish : d. vera
et falsi,, vera a falsis, truth from falsehood, both in Cic. ; dijudicata belli
fortuna, the war being finished (lit. the fortune ol the war being decided),
Ces.
dilibor, eris, lapsus sum. r. dep. 1. To fall asunder, to go to pieces, to
melt, to dissolve. 2. ^ Of soldiers, etc.) To flee in different directions, to
dispise. to be scattered. 3. To decay, to tumble down (of buildings,
etc.), to go to ruin (lit. and metaph.). 4. To disappear, to vanish,
S. To slip away, be lost (as an opportunity): memoria una dilabuntur.
they have escaped my memory, I have forgotten them, Cic
dilicero, as. r. a. To tear to pieces, to tear (lit. and mctnph.).
tdilamino. as. v. a. To split in two.
dHanio, as. v. a. To tear to pieces.
t*dHapido, as. v. a. 1. To squander. 2. +To destroy.
'•ilapsus. a, urn. part, from dilabor. q. v.
dilargior, iris, itus sum. v. dep. To jjve liberally, to lavish.
dHatio, onis. f. A postponement, a delay.
dflito. as. v. a. [latus.] 1. To spread out, to enlarge, to extend, to am
plify. 2. To discuss at lenetli. diffusely : dilatandis Uteris, by giving
the letters a broad pronunciation, Cic; eloquentia dilatata, diffuse elo
quence, Cic.
Jdilator, oris, m. A dawdler, one who postpones.
dilatus, a, um. pari. pass. fr. differo, q. v.
dflaudo, as. v. a. To praise greatly.
dUectut, a, um. part. puss. fr. diligo ; as ooV. (c. compar. etc). Beloved.
diligens, (mtis. part. Ir. diligo, but used only as ailj. (c. compar. etc.). 1.
Fond of, devoted to (c. gen.). ~. Diligent, attentive to, industrious (c.
L 2
148 DJL — DI^E
in and abl. or c. gen., very rarely c dat.). 3. Diligently performed or
executed, careful. 4. Careful, (of a person) prudent, economical.
dfflgenter. adv. Diligently, industriously, carefully.
dillgentia. se./. 1. Diligence, industry, care. 2. Prudence, ecommy.
dillgo. is. lexi. lectum. v. a. To love, to regard with esteem or affection.
dilorico. as. v. a. To tear open (a dress).
dHuceo, es, zi. no sup. v. n. To be clear, evident.
dllucesco, is, xi. no tup, v. n. To b gin to be light, to dawn.
dlluclde. adv. Clearly, plainly, in express terms.
dllucido, as. e. a. To explain, to elucidate.
dilucidus. a, urn. adj. Clear, plain, evident, intelligible.
diluculum. i. *., no pi. Daybreak, dawn.
diludium, i. n. Breathing time, rest during a game.
411110, is, ui, fltum. r. a. 1. To wash off, to wash away. 2. To wash.
S. To dilute. 4. To melt, to dissolve. 5. To weaken the force of,
to diminish. 6. tTo explain.
dfliivies, ei, /, and diluvium, i. «. A flood, an inundation.
tdiluvio, as. v. a. To inundate.
Jdlmachae, arum. pi. m. [!li nAxouat.] A kind of Macedonian soldier,
who fought either on horseback or on foot, like our dragoons formerly.
+dIm&desco, is, dui, no sup. v. n. To melt away.
dimano. as. v.n. To flow forth, to spread abroad.
dimensio. onis./ A measuring.
dimensus, a, urn. part. fr. seq.
dlmetior. iris, mensus sum. r. dep. To measure, to measure out.
dimeto, as. v. a. To measure out, to mark out.
dimicatio, onis. / A fight, an encounter, a battle (lit. and metope.):
dimiciitio vita, or capitis, a struggle for life and death, Cic.
dlmlco, as. i'. ». 1. To fight. 2. (Metnph.) To contend, to struggle:
ut in singulas horas capite dimices tuo, so that you are fighting every hour
at the risk of your life, that your life is at stake every hour, Liv. ; so
d. de vita, Cic; cum causa dimicabit, he will carry on the contest by legal
action, Cic.
dimidiatus, a, run. part. fr. ims. dimidio. Halved, half, divided in half.
dlmldius, a, urn. adj. Half; (». as subst.) the half.
tdiminuo, is, ui. utuni. v. a. 1. To break to pieces, to break See !?■-
minuo.
dlmissio, onis./ 1. A sending different ways. 2. Dismission.
dimitto. is, misi, missum. v. a. 1. To send out different ways, to send
forth (mure persons than one). 2. To send nway (a single person), to
divorce. 3. To dismiss, to disband. 4. To release. 5. To put
down (out of one's hands). 6. To abandon, to give up (a military post,
nil office, etc.). 7. To let slip (an opportunity, etc). 8. JTo remit:
lie speratam prsedam ex manibus dimitterent, that they might not let the
expected booty escape their grasp, Cses.; Crassus qui illas fortunes
morte dimiserit, Crassus who by dying left all that wealth behind him,
Cic ; conditiones pads dimittendas non existimabat, he did not think he
ought to lose the opportunity of concluding peace on those condition.,
Cses. ; studiuin et iracundiam suam reipublicas dimittere, to sacrifice bis
party spirit, and private quarrels to the interests of the state, C«es.
dimoveo, es, movi, motum. v. o. 1. To move asunder, to separate,
to part, to cleave. 2. To remove, to drive away (also even of driving
from one's purpose or habit).
Dindymene, es. /'. The goddess Cybele, worshipped at M, Dindymns in
Mvsia.
<Unumeratio. onis./ A reckoning up, an enumeration.
dluuuicro, as. r. a. 1. To reckon up, to enumerate to count. 2. +To
pay.
+diob51aris, e. adj. Costing, or worth two obols.
diacesis, is./ [Sioixnais.] A district.
 D I JE—D I S 149
difficetes, se. m. [Jioikijti)?.] A treasurer.
DionEeus, a. urn. 1. Of Diane, the mother of Venus. 2. (More usu.)
Of Venus : Diontea mater (spnken with ref. to vEneas), Venus, Virg.; Dio-
nseus Caesar, Caesar descended from Venus.
Dione, es.f. 1. The mother of Venus. 2. (More usu.) Venus.
Dionysia, Brum. pi. n. [Aiowans.] The Greek festival of Bacchus.
diota, a>. [Sis, oh.] A jar with two ears or handles.
diploma, atis. n. [StirAw/xa.] A short letter of recommendation given to
persons travelling in the provinces.
*dipsas, adis./i [Shl/a.] A snake whose bite causes thirst.
Dlpylon, i. «. A gate at Athens leading from the Ceramicus to the Aca
demy.
dira, arum. pi. f. 1. Bad omens. 2. Curses.
Dircseus, a, um. adj. 1. Of Dirce, a fountain in Boeotia. 2. Boeotian.
3. Theban.
directe and directo. adv. 1. Straight. 2. Directly, expressly.
dlrectus, a, tun. part fr. dirigo; used also as adj. 1. Straight, direct, up
right 2. Straight down, precipitous. 3. Straightforward, honest,
inflexible.
dlremptio, onis./., and dlremptus, (Is. m. A breaking off, a separation.
direptio, onis. f. A plundering, a pillaging.
dlreptor, oris, vi. A plunderer, a pillager.
direptus, a, nm. pari. pass. it. diripio, q. v. ■
dlrlbeo, es, ui, Itum. r. a. To separate the voting tablets, so as to count
the votes.
dirlbltio, onis./ A separating of the voting tablets, to count the votes.
dirlbltor. oris. m. The officer who separated the voting tablets so as to
count the votes.
dirigo, is, rexi, Tectum, v. a. 1. To lay straight, to place in a straight
line. 2. To arrange, to marshal, esp. in battle array. 3. To send in
a straight line, to direct, to guide, to aim (an arrow), to shoot. 4. To
direct, i. e. guide, regulate the course of : regiones direxit, he inarched out
the districts, Cic; turn vicos dirigendi, an anxiety to keep the streets
straight (while building), Liv.;meas cogitationes dirigo ad rationes, I turn
my thoughts towards principles, Cic.
dlrlmo. is, emi, emptum. v. a. 1. To separate, to part, to divide. 2.
To break off, to interrupt, to put an end to. 3. To put an end to, i. e.
bring to nothing : so, dirimere controvcrsiam, to compose a dispute, Cic.
diripio. Is, ni, rcptum. r. u. 1. To tear asunder. 2. To pillage, to
ravage, to lay waste. 3. To carry off as a robber.
dirltas. atis./. 1. Fierceness, cruelty. 2. A great misfortune.
dlrumpo, is, rupi, ruptum. v. a. 1. To break asunder, to break to
pieces. 2. To break off (friendship, etc.). 3. (In jkiss.) To burst
diruo. is, ui, utum. v. a. 1. To pull down, to demolish, to destroy.
2. To scatter (enemies). 3. To abolish (a custom).
dlrus, a, um. adj. 1. Ill-omened, fearful. 2. Terrible, dreadful.
3. Fierce, cruel, odious.
Die, Ditis. m. Pluto.
, dijcalcsatus, a, um. adj. Shoeless, barefoot.
■rdiscaveo, es, cavi, cautuni. v. n: To beware of, to guard against (c. abl.).
discedo, i=. cessi, cessum. v. n. 1. To go different ways, to separate, to
pnrL 2. To depart, to go away, marcli away, decamp. 3. To dis
appear. 4. (c. ab and alA.) To forsake, to abandon (friends), to swerve
from (a course of lift*, n principle, etc.). 5. To come off (from a
contest, etc.) : sc supi'riorem discessurum, [boasting] that he should come
off best, Cic ; si istius hoec tanta injuria impunita disccsserit, if this great
iniquity of that fellow's shall git off with impunity, Cic. 6. To divide
(as we say in Parliament, c. in and ace. in favour of a measure) : etsi in
mcam semen tiam discedatur, although the division should be in favour of
my proposal, Liv.; cum a vobis discesscrim, except you (lit. if I leave out
L3
 150 DIS
tiie mention of you), Cic; quo nnnquam ante discessum est, a measure a
which they had never resorted before, Caes.; spes potiundi oppidi disceait,
the hope of making themselves master* of the town was lost, Caes.; mapi-
tudine timoris a constantia atque a mente atque a se decedere, through:!*
greatness of his fear to lose his courage and his wits, and to be quite beside
himself, Cic; volonum ezercitus ab signis discessit, the body of volonieen
quitted the army, Li v.; eorum qui ab arniis discesserint, of those who shall
lay down their arms, Cic.
disceptatio, onis. / 1. A discussion, a debate. 2. J A Judicial
award.
disceptator. oris, m ., an d / -tatrix, icis. An arbitrator.
discepto, as. •-. a. 1. To decide (as an umpire or judge). 2. Is
settle (a controversy). 3. To discuss, dispute, debate.
disccrno, is, cvevi, cretum. p. a. 1 . To separate, to set apart, to divide.
2. To distinguish (from one another): alba et atra, black from white, or
alba ab ntris; both in Cic.
discerpo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. To tear to pieces.
discassio, onis./. 1. A separation. 2. A departure. 3. A divid
ing, i. e. voting (c. in and ace. of the measure voted for).
discessus, US. m. 1. A separation, a going asunder, an opening: diecean;
cosli, lightning, Cic. 2. Departure, going away, decamping (used bf
Cicero of his own voluntary exile).
discldium. i. n. [scindo.J A tearing asunder, a separation.
•f-discido, Is, cldi, cisum. v. a. [ctedo.] 'To cut in pieces.
discindo, is, scldi, scissinn. v. a. 1. To cut asunder, tear asunder, to
cleave, to cnt or tear in two. 2. To divide. 3. JTo scourge : (flfr
gellis) discissa nive, the snow having been cleared away.
discingo, is, nxi, nctum. r. o. 1. To ungird, to take off the girdle.
2. JTo disarm. 3. J To discover, to detect : mini crede, in sinu est,
neque ego discingnr, he is cherished by me; yet I am on my guard against
him (according to others, and I do not neglect him), Cic; discinctus, o>
girt, i. e. slovenly, careless. 3. Dissolute, reckless.
discipllna, OB. /. 1. Instruction, education, training, discipline. 2.
A system, a course of habits : d. reipublicae, political science, statesmanship;
d. philosophise, philosophical system.
disclpalus, i. »<., and/, disclpula, ffl. 1. A scholar, a pupil. 2. tin
apprentice.
discluclo, is, si, sum. 1. To shnt np separately, to keep separate 2.
To separate, to divide. 3. § To force open.
disco, is, dldlci, no sup. v. a. To learn, to acquire knowledge of: disce-
bant fidihus, they learnt the lyre (canere, to play upon, understood), Cic
discolor, oris. in. 1. Of various colours, party-coloured, of a different
colour. 2. Different from (c dat.).
tdisconduco, is, zi. p. n. To be unsuitable, injurious.
disconveuio, is, veni. v. n. To be inconsistent (as impert.) : ei disconvenit
inter meque et te, therefore there is a disagreement between you and roe,
. Hor- .
discordia, ae./ Discord, disagreement.
tdhcordabllij, e, and discordiosns, a, um. adj. Disagreeing, prone to
discord,
discordo, as. v. n. 1. To differ, to disagree. 2. To be inconsistent
with. ;!. To be unlike,
discors, dis. adj. 1. At variance, disagreeing. 2. Unlike, different,
discrepantia, SB./. Difference, disagreement,
discrepatio, onis./ A difference, a dispute,
tdiscreplto, as. v. n. To be different, to disagree,
discrepo. as, ni no sup. v. n. 1. To sound differently. 2. To differ,
to be different, to vary. 3. (As impert.) Discrepat, there is a dispute,
it ia disputed.
 DIS 151
discretus, a, nm. pari. pass, of discemo (q. v.). 1. Separate. 2. Di
vided.
diicrimen, inis. n. 1. An intervening space or distance, a space, an in
terval : leti discrimine parvo, when but little removed from death, Ov.
2. A distinction, a difference: septem discrimina vocwn, the varietis3 of
the seven notes (of music), Virg.; tenues parvi discrimini.s umbrae, delicate
shades of slight variation, Ov. 3. Any parting, even the parting of the
hair. 4. A decisive, a critical point, a crisis : quae in discrimine fuerunt
an ulla post hanc diem essent, which were now at a crisis which should
decide whether they should have any existence at all for the future, Liv.
5. Danger.
discrimlno, as. v. a. To divide, to distinguish.
discrQcio, as. t). a. To torture, to torment.
discumbo, is, cnbni, itum. 1. To sit down, to recline at table. 2. To
go to bed.
ditcilpio, Is, Ivi. v. o. To desire greatly, to wish eagerly.
discurro, is, cum and ciicurri. cursum. v. n. To run about, to run to and
fro, to run different ways ; (pass, impers.) in muros tola discurritur urbc,
they flock to the walls from every part of the city, Virg.
discursus, us. at, A running to and fro, a running about.
discus, i. m. ' A quoit : qui discum audire quam philosophum malunt, who
would rather hear a quoit ring than a philosopher lecture (i. e. who love
trifling), Cic.
discfitio, is, cussi, cussum. v. a. 1. To dash to pieces, to shatter. 2.
To scatter, to disperse, to dissipate. 3. To remove, to put an end to.
4. To shake off: quod totam rem discusserat, which had frustrated the
whole business, Cic.
dlserte and tdisertim. adv. 1. Expressly, plainly. 2. Eloquently.
dlsertus, a, nm. adj. Eloquent : leporum disertus puer, a youth full of
well-expressed wit.
tdisjecto. as. v. a. To toss about, to scatter.
fdisjectus, us. A tossing about, a scattering.
disjlcio, is. jeci, jectum. v. a. 1. To toss about in different directions,
to scatter. 2. To disperse, put to flight 3. To dash to pieces, to
destroy, to demolish. 4. To break off, to put an end to. To squander
(rare) : vasta disjectaque spatio urbs, a vast city spread over a wide space,
Liv. ; late omnibus disjectis rr.cenibus, with walls stretching out to a dis
tance in every direction, Liv.
Aisjunctio, 6nis. / 1. A separation. 2. Diversity, difference. 3.
An opposition of two propositions in a syllogism.
disjunctus, a, tun. part. pass, from disjungo, but used also as adj. (c. compar.
etc., usu. c. ab and abl.). 1. Separated, separated from, removed from,
unlike. 2. Alienated from. 3. Inconsistent with. 4. Unyoked.
disjungo, is, nxi, nctum. r. a. 1. To unyoke. 2. To disjoin, to se
parate, to remove from (usu. c. ab and abl., poet. c. abl.).
fdispalesco, is, ni. no sup. r. n. To be noised abroad.
dispalor, axis. v. dtp. To wander about, to straggle.
tdispando, is, di, possum (in Plaut, dispenno). v. a. To stretch out, to
spread out.
dispar, axis. adj. 1. Unequal. 2. Unlike, dissimilar (usu. c. dat,,
more rare c. gen.). Dispnribus calami*, on reeds of unequal length, Or.
disp&rflis, e. adj. Dissimilar, different.
dispaio, as. r. a. To separate, to divide : disparatus (in rhetoric or logic),
opposed to something else by negation ; as — non sapere, to be unwise.
dispectus. a, um. part, pass., from dispicio, q. v.
diipeUo, is, puli, pulsum. t>. a. To drive different ways, to scatter, to
disperse, to dispel.
dispendium, i n. 1. Expenditure, expense. 2. Loss. Morse dispen-
dia, loss of time by delay, Virg.; dispendia viaruni, a round-about way,
Mart.
14
152 DI S
dispensatio. onis. f. 1. Management, superintendence. 2. Stewardship,
the place of dispensator.
dispensator, Oris. m. A superintendent, (etp. of a household) a manager, a
steward.
dispenso, as. v. a. 1. tTo weigh out, to pay. 2. To distribute, to dis
pense. 3. To manage, to regulate, to arrange: dispensarique laetitia
inter impotentes ejus aninios potuit, and so the joy might be imparted by
degrees to minds incapable of bearing their happiness all at once, Lir.
tdispercutio, Is, cussi, cussnm. r. a. To dash to pieces.
disperdltio, onis./ Destruction.
disperdo, is, dldi, ditum. t>. a. To destroy, to ruin : stridente miseron
stipula disperdere carmen, to pour forth a wretched tune on a squeaking
flute, Virg.
dispereo, is, Ivi (usu. ii). Itum. v. n. To perish, to be utterly ruined.
dispergo, Is, si, sum. r. a. 1. To scatter in different places, to samVr
about, to scatter, to disperse. 2. To spread, to spread abroad. 3. To
distribute: vitnm dispergit in auras, he breathes forth his life to the air,
i. e. dies.
disperse, and Tdispersim. ado. Dispersed]}-, here and there.
disportio, Is, Ivi, itum. v. a. (sometimes ior). dep. To distribute, to divide,
to assign to.
Jdispesco, ia, ui. To divide.
disp:cio, is, apexi, spectum. v. a. 1. To look through (usu. sine c).
2. To look, to see. 3. To perceive, discover, become aware of. t.
To consider, to think upon.
displiceo, es, ui. itum. t\ a. To displease : cum mihimet displicerem, whca
I was out of humour with myself, Cic.
Jdisplodo. is. si, sum. [plaudo.] r. ». To burst with a loud noise.
dispono, is, posui, posltum. 1. To place in different places, to set in
order, to arrange, to dispose, to distribute (as to place). 2. To amy,
to marshal, to station in their respective posts, in relays, etc. 3. To
assign, to allot (c. dat. or inter, as inter equites, Tac.) : consilia in omneD
fortunam dUposita, plans arranged to suit every turn of fortune, Lir.;
mcenia disponere versu, to describe the walls in verse, Prop.
disposite. adv. In a regular, methodical manner.
dispositio, onis, and fdispiisltura, ae./, and Jdisposltus, Us. m. Arrange
ment, orderly disposition.
disposltus, a, tun. pari. pass, from dispono, q. v. (also as adj.). 1. Weil
arranged, 2. Methodical (of a person). 3. Duly assigned, allotted.
•j-dispudet. v. impers. To be greatly ashamed.
dispulsus, a, um. part. pass, from dispello, q. v.
Jdispungo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. To calculate, to arrange.
disputatio, onis. / A debate, an argument, a discussion.
disputator, oris. m. A disputant, one engaged in discussion.
^disputatrix, icis. / The art of discussion, dialectics.
dispute-, as. v. a. 1 . +To cast up, to calculate. 2. To consider, to
examine. 3. To discuss, to advance (an argument) in discussion.
disqulro, is, quisivi, itum. v. a. To examine, consider, inquire.
disquisltio, onis. / An inquiry, investigation.
dissect), as, ui, ctum, v. a. To cut in pieces, to cut up.
dissemino, as. v. a. To sow, to disseminate, to spread abroad.
dissensio, onis./, and §dissensos, us. m. 1. Difference of opinion, dis
agreement, dissension, discord. 2. Inconsistency, incompatibility (of
one thing with another).
diSBentaneus, a, um. adj. Disagreeing, inconsistent.
dissentio, Is, si, sum. o. n. 1. To be of a different opinion. 2. To
disagree, to disagree with (usu. c. ab and abl., poet. c. abl.), to be at
variance. 3. To be inconsistent with. 4. To be unlike, dissimilar,
different to, to differ from (usu. c. ab and «A/., once c. cum and abl.).
dissepio, Is, sepsi, septum, v. a. To fence off, to part off.
 •D I S 153
tSdisseptum, i. n. A barrier, a partition.
disserenasco, avi. Cum disserenassct, when it had cleared up, Liv.
+dissero, is. sevi, situm. v. a. To sow here and there, to diffuse.
dissero, is, semi, no tup. v. a. 1. To set in different places, to place at
intervals. 2. To discuss, to speak of, to treat of. 3. To advance,
to urge in discussion. 4. To argue.
■f-diaserpo, is, no perf. v. n. To creep abroad, to spread.
t *disserto, as. v. a. To discuss, to advance in discussion.
dissldeo, es, sedi, no snp. r. n. 1. To be remote from, divided from.
2. To bo at variance with, to disagree with (c. ab and abl., more rarely c.
cum and abl., often inter se). 3. To be different, unlike, to differ
from : si toga dissidet iinpar, if the cloak is put on unevenly, Hor.
dissldium, i. n. Dissension, disagreement.
Sdissllio, is, ui, sultum. v. n. To burst asunder, to fly apart, to split :
gratia sic fratrum geminorum dissiluit, thus the affection of the two bro
thers was severed, was burst asunder, was destroyed, Hor.
disslnillis, e. adj. Unlike, dissimilar (c. gen. sometimes c. dat, c. inter se,
etc.) : quod non est dissimile atque ire in Annum, which is not very
different from going to Antium, Cic.
disslmlllter. adv. In a different manner, in a manner unlike.
dissimilitude), inis. f. Dissimilarity, unlikeness, dilference.
dissimulanter. adv. With dissimulation, in a dissembling manner. 2.
Secretly.
dissimulantia, ae. /. An ironical disguising of one's meaning.
dissimulatio, onis. f. 1. Dissimulation, a dissembling, concealing, or
disguising (the truth, or one's intentions, etc.). 2. Irony.
dissimulator, oris. m. A concealer, a dissembler.
disslmulo, as. v. a. To pretend that a thing is not that which it is, to
dissemble, to disguise, to keep secret : Achilles veste virum longa dis-
simulatus erat, Achilles had concealed the fact of his being a man by
female attire, Ov.
disslpabllis, e. adj. That may be dissipated or dispersed.
dissl patio, onis. f. 1. A scattering, n dispersion. 2. Dissolution, de
struction.
disslpo, as. r. a. 1. To scatter abroad, to disperse, to dissipate. 2.
To rout, to pat to flight, to dispel. 3. To demolish, to destroy, to
dissolve. 4. To dissipate, to squander. 5. To spread abroad, (news)
to disseminate.
dissipatus, a, nm. part. pass, of seq., q. v.; also. 1. Parted, separated.
2. Unconnected, unmethodical (of .au.gs or persons) : me unum hominciu
fractum et prope dissipatum, me f eir.gle individual, broken in fortune and
almost ruined, or almost worn out, Cic; Scipio ubi animadvertit dissipatum
passim helium, when Scipio perceived that the war was broken up into
one of posts, Liv.; dissipatus cursus, dissipata fuga, a disorderly flight, Liv.
dissdciabllis, e. adj. 1. Which cannot be united, irreconcilable, 2,
Which separates (one from another).
Jdissociatio, onis.,/. A separating, separation.
dissocio, as. v. a. 1. To disjoin, disunite, separate. 2. To estrange:
dissociat amicitias, it dissolves friendships, Cic; its qui e superiore exercitu
erant, causam suam dissociantibus, those who belonged to the upper army
forming themselves into a separate party, separating their cause from that
of the others, Tac.
dissSiabllis, e. adj. That may be dissolved, dissoluble.
dissolute, adv. 1. Unconnectedly. 2. Carelessly, in a careless man-
ner.
dissolfltio, onis. f. 1. A dissolving, a breaking up, a dissolution, de
struction. 2. A refutation. 3. Want of connection. 4. Want
of firmness (of character), weakness (of mind), langour: post judiciorum
dissolutiones, after the tribunals had ceased to be strict, Cic
ditsolutus, a, urn. pari, pass, of dissolvo, q. v.; used also as adj. (c compar.,
154 DI'S
etc.). 1. Loose, loosened: dissolutum navigium, a vessel with its pUnli
starting, ready to come to pieces, Cic. 2. Unconnected ^ of style, etc).
3. Lax, remiss, cureless. 4. Dissolute, profligate,
dissolvo, is, vi, solutum. v. a. 1. To loosen, to unloose. 2. To ptv,
to discharge (a debt). 3. To dissolve, to disunite, to separate. <■
To destroy, to abolish, to abrogate. 5. To refute (a statement, not
a person). 6. *t*To release,
dissoiius. a, tun. arlj. 1. Inharmonious, harsh-sounding, discordant. 2.
Disagreeing, different, inconsistent with (c. ab and abl.J.
dissors, tis. adj. Mea sepnsita est, et ab omni milite dissors gloria, my
glory is a distinct one, different from that gained by (or, according in
others, unshared by) any soldier, Ov.
dissuadeo, e«, si. sum. o. a. To advise against, to argne against (c. act.
of the measure): hinc dissuadet amor, love dissuades him from this, Or.
dissuasio, onis.y^ An advising or arguing against,
dissuasor, oris. m. One who advises or argues against (legis).
dissuavior, axis, v. dc.p. To kiss eagerly,
dissulto, as. v. n. To fly asunder, to part, to burst, to burst asunder vita i
roar,
dissuo, is, ui, sutum. v. a. 1. To unsew, to rip. 2. To open,
-f-distsedet. v. impers. It wearies.
distantia, m.f. 1. ^Distance. 2. Difference, diversity,
disteudo, is, di, torn. v. a. 1. To stretch, to extend. 2. To diiteni
to fill with. 3. To divide, to distract (the attention).
Jdistentus, 4s. m. Distention.
distentus, a, um. part. pass. 1. Fr. distendo, distended. 2. Fr. da-
tineo, detained, occupied, busy,
distermino, as. v. a. To separate.
Jdistermmus. a, um. adj. Separated.
Jdistichon, i, n. A distich.
fdistlmulo, as. v. a. To run through, to squander.
distincte. adv. 1. Distinctly, clearly. 2. In a well-arranged manner.
distinctio, onis. f. 1. A distinguishing between, a making a distinctive
2. Distinction, difference. 3. Separation, division.
Jdistinctus. us. m. A difference.
distinctus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. distinguo; also as adj. (c. compar, etc).
1. Divided, easily (.ivided (as an army into small bodies). 2. Distinct
3. Ornate (both of spcei.i and of a speaker), adorned.
diitineo, es, ui, tentum. e. a. 1 . To keep asunder, to separate. 2.
To divide, distract (the mind, etc.). 3. To binder, to prevent (an event).
4. To detain, to occupy (as business does).
distinguo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. I. To separate, to divide, to part. -■
To distinguish, to discriminate between. 3. To embellish, to decorate,
to adorn. 4. +To punctuate, to mark the stops (in a sentence).
disto, as (no perf. or sup.), v. «. 1. To stand apart, to stand at a distant:
from. 2. To be distant, to be removed from (as to place or time). 3.
To be different, different from (as impers.) : distat sumasne pudenter ait
rapias, it makes a difference, or there is a difference, whether you take a
thing modestly, or snatch at it, Hor.
distorqueo. es, si, torn. v. a. 1. To twist, to distort. 2. JTo torture.
distortio, onis. f. Distortion, contortion, a writhing about.
distortus, a, um. part, pass, of distorqueo; also as adj. I. Deformed.
2. Unbecoming.
dlstractio, onis. f. 1. A pulling asunder, dividing, separating. • 2.
disagreement,
distractus. a, um. part. pass. fr. seq,; also +J as adj. (c compar.). 1.
Divided. 2. Distracted, perplexed,
distraho, is, xi, ctnm. v. a. 1. To draw different ways, to tear to pieces.
2. To break up into divisions, to divide. 3. To estrange, to alienate
(c. ab. and.abi). 4. To distract, to perplex. 5. To frustrate (s
 DIS— DIV 155
measure), (rare) : distraheudarum controversiarum causa, for the sake of
putting an end to disputes, Cic.
distribuo, Is, ui, utuni. v. a. To divide, to distribute, to apportion to.
distribute, adv. In n well-arranged manner, methodically.
distrlbatio, onis. f. Distribution, division.
districtus, a, nm. part. pass. fi. seq. ; but also as adj. (c compar. etc.). 1.
Occupied, busy. 2. ^Strict, severe.
distringo, is, iixi, ictum. v. a. 1. To draw asunder. 2. To detain, to
occupy, to engage (the attention of).
fdistrunco, as. v. a. To cut up.
disturbatio. onis. / Destruction (of a town).
disturbo, as. v. a. 1. To separate by violence, to disturb, throw into con
fusion. 2. To destroy, to demolish, to put an end to.
Jldisyllabus, a, um. adj. [!« avK\i0ri.] Disyllabic.
§ditesco, is, no perf. or sup. To grow rich.
dlthyrambicns, a, tun. adj. Dithyrambic.
dithyrambus, i. m. [oi9vpafxf3os.] A dithyrambic poem.
dltio. Snis.y. (not found in noin. nor in pi.) Dominion, rule, sovereignty, sway,
authority : sua) ditionis [regionem] fecit, he brought [the district] under
his power, Liv.; civitates in ditionem potestatemque P. R. redacras, the
cities reduced under the power and dominion of the Roman people, Cic. ;
in eorum ditione, under their power, Cic. ; also, sub ditione, Ctts. ; ditione
premebat Sarrastes populos, Sarrastes held the nations under his sway, Virg.
dito, as. v. n. To enrich, to make rich.
din, corapar. diutius, diutissime. adv. I. fBy day. 2. Long, for a
long time. 2. (In compar. diutius), Too long.
diurnus, a, um. wlj. 1. Of a day, daily, for a day. 2. By day; n. as
sithst. usu. in pi., a journal, a daily record : diurnus cibus, daily rations ;
diurni cnrrus, the chariot of the sun, Ov.
dium (chiefly in abl. dio). The open air.
§dlus, a, tun. Divine.
tdiStlne. adv. For a long time.
diatinas, a, um, and diuturnus, a, nm. adj. Lasting a long time,
long, lasting : sit nostris diuturnior minis filia, may my daughter last or
live longer than my own life, Ov.
diuturnltas. atis.y; Length of time, long duration, lastingness.
Diva, as. A Goddess.
dlvarico, as. v. a. To make to stride, to make to stand with his legs apart.
dlvello, is, 1L vulsum. r. a. 1. To tear asunder, to rend in pieces, to
separate. 2. To tear so as to destroy, to destroy. 3. To drag away,
to remove. 4. To alienate, to estrange (c ab and abl.).
dtvendo. is, dldi, dltum. t>. a. To sell piecemeal.
SdlverbSro, as. v. a. To cleave, to cut asunder.
diverbium. i. ». Dialogue (in a play).
diverse, adv. In different places, different ways, differently, variously.
JdlTersltas, atis./ 1. Diversity, difference. 2. Disagreement, dis
sension.
dlverjuj, a. nm. pari. pass. fr. diverto; used as adj. 1. Opposite, con
trary. 2. Opposed to, disagreeing with fc. ab and abl.). 3. In different
directions, in different places, separate, distant. 4. Different, unlike,
various : in dirersum auctores trahunt, writers give various accounts of . . .
Liv.; diverso terrarum distineri, to be separated by the distance, Tac;
a divers™ emebantur, they were brought by various individuals, Cic
diverto, is, ti, sum. v. n. 1 . To turn or go different ways. 2. To
d'gress. 3+ (As v. a.) To cause to turn aside, to divert (from a course).
dives, vttis (sync, also dltis). adj. 1. Rich, wealthy. 2. Rich, splen
did.
divexo, as. r. a. To tear to pieces, to harass, to destroy.
+dividia, a). Vexation, annoyance.
dlvldo, is, visi, visum, v. a. 1. To divide, to separate. 2. To dis-
156 DIV—D 0
tribute to, to apportion. 3. To remove, separate or part from. 4.
To distinguish from. 5. §To dissolve, to break up (a party). 6.
§To adorn : dividimus muros, we burst through, we make a breach in tie
walls, Virg.
divlduus, a, urn. 1. Divisible. 2. Divided.
dlvlnatio. onis./ 1. Divination, the art of soothsaying, the gift of pro
phecy. 2. A selection of a prosecutor.
divine, mil-. Divinely, by divine inspiration.
dlvlnltas, atia. f. 1. Godhead, divinity. 2. Divine nature or ex
cellence. 3. The power of divination.
divlnltus. adv. I. From heaven. 2. By divine influence, or irupi-
ration. 3. Divinely, i. e. excellently.
divlno, as. r. a. 1. To divine, to forebode. 2. To prophesy, to pre
dict.
divinnj, a. urn. adj. 1 . Divine, of or belonging to the gods. 2. Sprung
from the gods, of divine origin. 3. Divine, i. e. excellent, admirablr,
godlike, superhuman. 4. Having the power of divination, divinely in
spired : res divina (esp. in pi.), religious worship; res divinoc (as opp. to
res humance), natural laws of morality (as opp. to laws made by man); sea-
tentia diviua futuri, an opinion able to divine the future, Hor.; (in.) di-
vinus (as suttst.), a soothsayer, a diviner.
dlvisio, onis. /. 1. A division, separation. 2. Partition, distribution.
divisor, oris. ;«. 1. A divider, a distributer. 2. A person hired a:
elections by candidates to bribe the electors.
divisus, us. m. Division.
dlvitiae, arum. pi./. Riches, wealth (lit. and metaph.).
dlvortinm, i. n. 1. Separation, divorce. 2. A place where several
road6 branch off, a point of separation : divortium aquarum, high ground
from which several streams branch off, Liv.; doctrinarum divortia, divisions
or varieties of doctrine.
divulge), as. r. To spread abroad, to publish, to divulge.
divum. v. Dium.
Divus, i. A God : divus Augustus, the deified Augustus, i. c. the late em
peror Augustus, Tac.
Do, das, dedi, dare, datum, v. a. 1. To give, to bestow, grant, to offer,
to afford. 2. To deliver what has been entrusted to one. 3. To
permit. 4. To grant, to concede, to give up. 5. To yield, to sur
render : do manus, to yield, to submit, to acquiesce. 6. To devoc
(oneself, one's time, etc., to an object). 7. To put, to place (c ad ar.;i
ncc. of the place on which). 8. To tell. 9. To appoint (esp. in r*us.) :
do operam, to take pains, care (see opera); do nomina, to give in one's
name (as a soldier), to enlist; do verba (c. daL), to cheat; apertissimas re*
crimini dare, to impeach him of the most undeniable crimes, Cic; iis nou
lnodo non landi, sed etiam vitio dandum putn, I think they not only are
not to be praised, but are even to be blamed, Cic; do poena?, to suffer
punishment; civitas stuluc lanitia1 graves pcenas dedit, the city paid se
verely for its foolish exultation, Sail.; do vela, to set sail, Virg.; ad id
vela do, that is my object, Cic; do fabulam, to exhibit a play, Cic; do hi
custodiam, to imprison, Cic; do ad supplicium, or ad injurias, to expose to
punishment, or to injury, Cic; prajceps ad terram datus, being thrown
with violence to the ground, Liv.j terga dantes, flying, Liv.; insequens dies
hostem in conspectum dedit, the next day brought the enemy in sight,
Liv.; eos in fuuam dederunt, tiny put them to fl ght, Cavs.; prout tenipua
ac res se daret, as the opportunity and circumstances would permit, Liv.;
dedit sc et hominibus Pythagnreis et studiis illis. he gave himself up to
the men of the Pythagorean sect, and to those pursuits, Cic; dedit se ii>
consuctudiuem [ejus], he devoted himself to intimacy with him, Cic; frena
dabat, he was giving the horse the rein, i. e. letting him go at full speed,
Ov. ; ad scpulluram negat corpus datura, he denies that his body was given
up lor burial, allowed to be buried, Cic
 D0C—D0M 157
doceo, es, ni, ctum. v. a. 1. To teach, to instruct 2. To inform
(often c. dupl. ace). 3. Doceo fubulam, to exhibit a play,
dochmios, i. The dochminc foot.
docllis, e. Willing to be taught, easily taught, (sometimes c. gen.) docile,
tractable.
dficilltas, atis. Docility.
docte. wlr. Learnedly, skilfully.
doctor, oris. in. A teacher, an instructor.
doctrina, ae. /. 1. Teaching, instruction. 2. Learning, knowledge,
erudition.
doctus, a, am. pari. past, of doceo; also as adj. (c. compar., etc.). Learned,
skilful, learned in (c. abl. or c. gen., §c. ace).
tdocimen, inii. n., usu. dScumentom, i. «. 1. A lesson, an example,
warning. 2. A proof.
Dodonaeus, a, am. adj., also Dodonis, idis. / Of Dodona, a city in Epirus,
celebrated for its grove of oaks, in which was an oracle of Jupiter.
dodrans, antis. »i. 1. Three-fourths. 2. (As a measure) 3-4ths of a
foot, i. e. nine inches.
dogma, atis. i>. [i6yua.] A dogma, a doctrine, a philosophical tenet.
dolabra, and dim. ^dolabella, a?. }'. A pickaxe, a mattock.
dolabratus, a, am. pari. fr. dolabro (tutu). Cut into the shape of a pickaxe,
pointed at one end.
dolens. entis. part, of dolco, q. v. ; also. §Giving pain, causing grief,
grievous.
dolenter. adv. Sorrowfully, with sorrow.
dfileo, es, ui, Hum. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To grieve, to be sorry. 2.
To feel pain, to be in pain, to ache. 3. (r. a.) To lament, to grieve for
(as impers.) : cui dolet meminit, he whom it vexes, to whom it is disagree
able, remembers it, Cic; mini dolet cum ego vnpulo, it is painful to me
when I am beaten, Plaut.
+doliaris, e. adj. Potbellied.
dolium, i, dim. doliolum. i. ». A cask, a large jar : in pertusum ingerimua
dicta dolium, we arc pouring our words into a cask with the bottom out,
i. e. we are wasting our words (a proverb), Plant.
dSlo, as. v. a. 1. To chip with an axe, to hew, to cut. 2. To beat :
opus Mcut potuit dolavit, he managed the matter as he could, Cic.
dolo. finis. »i. 1. A staff with an iron point. 2. The forctop sailyard.
dolor, oris. m. 1. Pain, an ache, ete. 2. Grief, sorrow, vexation.
3. A grief, a cause of grief. 4. (In a speech) Pathos.
dolose, udv. Craftily, cunningly.
dolosus. a, am. adj. Crafty, cunning, deceitful, treacherous.
dfilui, i. m. [SiiAoj.] 1. Craft, cunning, deceit, artfulness. 2. A cun
ning trick, an artifice.
:domabilis, e. adj. That may be tamed or subdued.
ddmator. oris. m. A timer, a subduer.
'_ domes ticatim. adv. From house to house.
dfimestlcus, a, urn. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a house, in the house:
domesticus oiior, I tike my ease at home, Ilor. 2. Belonging to a
family, to a household, domestic: rei domestical pf familiares, private and
family affairs (ns opp. to respublica), Cic. 3. Belonging to the country,
native, national (as opp. to foreign) : domesticum bellum, civil war, Co:s.;
(m. pi. domestici, as snbst.). 1. Natives (as opp. to foreigners). 2.
The inmatrs of a household, the family. 3. JServnnts, domestics.
domicllnim. i n. An abode, a dwelling, a habitation.
. domiccei.ium, i. Homely fare.
domina, as. f. 1. A mistress, one who governs, manages : domina Ditis,
the queen of Pluto. 2. A mistress, i. e. an object of love.
dfimlnatio, finis./!, and dominatus, us. m. Rule, sovereignty, domination,
absolute authority.
158 DOM — D RE
domlnator, oris, mi., and /. donilnatrix, Icis. A ruler, lard, master, mis
tress,
dominium, i. n. A feast,
dominor, aris. v. dtp. 1. To rule, to have dominion over, to govern (c
in and ncc, or c. in and abl.) : dominantia noinina, words in common use,
Hor. 2. t(in Enn., as pass.) To be ruled over.
dorainuB, i. m. 1. A master of a house, a master. 2. .An outer, i
possessor. 3. A lord, a master, a ruler, one who has absolute authority.
4. The giver of a feast. o. JA form of address equivalent to our Sr.
§domiporta, &.f. One who carries her house on her back, a snail
domito, as. v. a. To tame, to break in.
dSmitor, oris, m., / dSmltrix, icis. One who tames, who subdues, s
breaker (of animals), a conqueror,
domitus, us. m., and JdSmttflra, as./. A taming, a breaking,
domo, as, ui. I turn. v. a. 1 . To tame, to break in (animals). 2. To
subdue, to conquer,
domus, us (domi only as adv., except in Plaut. and Jer.). with abl. sing. (Hor.
in his Sat. once has domo as dnt.); gen. and ace. pL borrowed from deci. 2.
1. A house, an abode, a dwelling (of man, or of any animal). 2. A
borne (used even of a country, with reference to the person or nation spoken
of). 3. A family, a race. 4. A sect of philosophers: domi. at home;
domi et militias, in peace and war, Ter.; id quidem domi est, I am pro
vided with that j I know all about that, Cic Domus after verbs of mo
tion is used like the name of a city, i. e. is put in the ace or abl. esse
without a preposition.
donabilis, e. adj. That deserves to be presented with. .
donarium, i. n. 1. A temple. 2. A votive offering offered in s
temple. 3.£ (the proper meaning) The place in the temple where the
offerings were kept,
donatio, onis./. 1. A giving. 2. A gift.
Jdonativum, i. n. A donative, a largess to the soldiers,
donee, also tdonioum. conj. 1. As long as, while. 2. Until, tiH (c
indie, or sukj.).
dono, as. v. a. 1 . To give (c. ace. rei, dat pers.). 2. To present witi
(c. ace. pers., abl. rei). 3. To give up, sacrifice (a feeling, etc, out of
regard to a person, c. dat. pers.). 4. To remit (a debt, etc). 3. To
pardon.
donum, i, n. 1. A gift, a present. 2. A votive offering.
^dorcas, adis. /.* An antelope.
Doricus, a, um, and TJorius, a, um. Doric, of the Dorians, Greek.
dorm lo, is. v.n. 1. To sleep, to slumber. 2. To be lazy, inactive,
careless (§uscd also in pass.) : nox est perpetua una dormienda, there is one
never-ending night to be slept through, to be passed in sleep,
dormito, as. v. n. To be sleepy, to be given to sleep, to sleep (lit. and
metaph.): jam dormitante lucerna, with the candle just going out, Or.
Jdormitor, oris. m. A sleeper,
dorsum, i. n. 1. Aback. 2. A ridge: duplici aptantur dentalia dorso,
the plough is fitted with two projecting irons, Virg.
dos, dotis./ 1. A dowry, a marriage portion. 2. An endowment (of
mind or body), a quality: dos cratille loci, he it was who gave the value
to the spot, Ov.
(Totalis, e. adj. Of, belonging to, being (or forming part of) a dowry.
doto, as. v. a. To portion, to endow (lit. and metaph.).
drachma, Be f. [Spnxnv] 1- A Greek coin, about equal to the denarius.
2. %K drachm (weight).
draco, onis. m. A dragon, a serpent.
§Draconigena, as. m. f. Born of a serpent (esp. of Thebes, and of Tlwbaw).
fdrapeta, 93. m. [optwreTTj*.] A runaway.
t§drenso, as. v. n. To utter the note of a swan.
£§dren.dio, is. r. n. To squeak like a weasel.
 DEO-DUD 159
drimsJ, h&ia.f. [Spofias.] A dromedary.
dromos. i. m. [tpofus.] The Spartan racecourse.
tdropai, acts, m. [8jx»ira|.] A depilatory.
Druids, arum, also Drnides, urn. pi. m. [tyus.] The Druids.
Divides, tun. pi. f. [SpOs.] Nymphs of the oaks, of the woods, Dryads.
♦dnalis, e. adj. Dual.
d&bie. adv. Doubtfully, ambiguously.
5'dubitabiliB, e. adj. That may be doubted, doubtful.
diMtanter. adv. Doubtingly.
dubitatio. onis. f. Doubt, doubting, hesitation, uncertainty.
diblto, as. r. a. and a. 1. (r. «.) To doubt, to hesitate, to waver, to va
cillate. 2. (v. a.) To doubt about. 3. To consider.
dabini, a, am. adj. 1. Tossing to and fro, agitated (of waves, etc.) (rare
in tbis sense). 2. Doubting, doubtful, hesitating, wavering, irresolute.
3. (Of things) Doubtful, uncertain. 4. (Of words, etc.) Ambiguous.
i. (Of a situation) Precarious: dubium ccelum, a doubtful looking sky
(when the weather is doubtful), Virg. ; dubia lux, the doubtful light (of
dawn, when it seems doubtful whether it is to be called day or night), Ov. ;
in dubium venit, it became, it was doubtful, Cic. ; ut in dubio poneret, so
that he left it doubtful, Liv.; sese suas fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
that he would not peril his fortune, Cass.; sine dubio, more rarely procul
dnbio, without doubt, certainly.
*ducatas, us. m. Military command.
:ducenarius, a, tun. Of two hundred : ducenarii judices, petty judges
(chosen from people possessed of 200 sestercia), Suet,
diceni, as, a. pi. ailj. Two hundred apiece, two hundred.
Cdicentesima, s. f. A tax of a two hundredth part, half an one per cent.
diceuti, as, a. pi. adj. Two hundred.
ducenties. adv. Two hundred times.
dico. is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead (in every sense), to conduct, to
bring. 2. To draw (as a horse draws a chariot, as one draws a
sword from the scabbard, etc) : ducto ense, with drawn sword, Virg.;
doco remos, to pull an oar, to row, Ov. ; duco os, to draw the face
awry, to make faces, Cic; duco fossam, to make a ditch (i. e. to draw-
it in such and such a direction), Caes. 3. To imbibe (liquid, odour,
air, etc.) : duco auimum spiritu, and duco spiritum, duco anatem, to live,
to pats time, Cic; so, duco vitam, Virg. 4. To derive (colour, shape,
etc., from anything). 5. To marry (as the husband marries a wife, by
leading her home). 6. To lead away to prison. 7. To be the
leader of, to command (an army) : ducit quam prnxime ad hoslem potest,
he marches (lit., he leads the army, e-xercitwn being understood) as near
the enemy as he can venture, Liv.; duxit &e a Gadibus, he went from
Cadiz, Cic. 8. To lead, i. e. to go first : duco choreain, to lead a dance,
i-e. to dance, Ov. 9. To deduce, to trace, to derive. 10. To in
duce, to incite, to attract (to Irad to a course of action). 11. To pro-
tract, to prolong : ubi se diu'.ius duci intellexir, when he perceived tbnthe
was being put off, Cms. 12. To calculate. 13. To think, to con
sider, to esteem. 14. To fashion, to nuke (a poem, etc.): duco sera, to
make a brascn statue, Hor.
tdtefflis, e. Easily led, ductile (of water).
+."duciim. udv. 1. By drawing. 2. In a large draught,
tductito, as. v. a. 1. To lead. 2. To marry. 3. To deceive, to
cheat
dorto, an. r. a. 1. To lead. 2. -fTo take home. 3. fTo cheat.
»• tTo think, to account.
duttor, oris. w. A leader, a commander.
deltas, fts. a. 1. A leading, a drawing. 2. Commanding a command
(esp. of an army).
c.4dum. adv. 1. Some time ago, whether long or short. 2. Long ago.
3. Lately, just now.—Stc Jamdudum,
160 DUE-DUR
duellum, i. ». Another form of bellum, q. v.
duim. An old form of pres. sufj. of do.
dulce and dulclter. adv. Sweetly, delightfully.
dulcedo, Inl»./. Sweetness.
dulcesco, is, no perf. r. n. To be sweet
', dulciarius. i. m. A confectioner, a pastry-cook.
Jdulclfer, era, erum. adj. Having sweetness, sweet.
dulcis, e, with (rare) dim. dulclculus, a, am. adj. 1. Sweet pleisait,
agreeable, delightful (to any one of the senses). 2. Dear, beloved.
dulcltudo, mis.y". Sweetness, pleasantness.
tdfiUce. atlv. [SouAikwj.] In a servile manner, like a slave.
dum. eonj. of time. 1. While, as long as (c indie, more rarely c adj.).
2. Provided that (in this sense often joined with modo), so long as, «
condition that (c. subj.). 3. Until (c. subj.. more rarely c indie), i.
When added to an imperative (nearly confined to comedy, but found also
in Liv. and Cic), come; as, dicdura, come tell me, Ter. 5. With some
adverbs it has scarcely any additional force, but seems only put ia to
answer to another conj. of time: vixdum t-pistolam tuam legerain, cum. . . .
I had scarcely read your letter when, Cic. 6. (When preceded by a
negative) Yet: Alpes nulla dum via superatse, the Alps not yet a:-
mounted by any road, Liv.
dumetum, i. n. A thicket of briars, of brushwood.
dummSdo. See dum, 2.
gdumosus, a, urn. Full of briars, of brushwood.
dumus, i. m. (Scarcely found except in pi.). Briars, brushwood, bushes.
duntaxat. adv. 1 . Only, solely. 2. At least (duntaxnt is not joined
with verbs).
dub, be, o. pi. adj. (ace. masc sometimes duo, as if indecl.). [Svo.] Two.
duodecies. adv. Twelve times.
duodecim. indecl. Twelve.
duSdecimus, a, am. adj. Twelfth.
duSdeni, m. a. adj. pi. 1. Twelve apiece. 2. Twelve.
duodequadragesimus, a, am. adj. The thirty-eighth.
duodequadraginta. indecl. Two less than forty, thirty-eight
duodetricies. adv. Twenty-eight times.
duodevicem, se, a. adj. pi. Eighteen each.
daodeviginti. indecl. Eighteen.
Jduoetvicesimani. adj. m. The soldiers of the twenty-second legion.
duplex, Icis. adj. 1. Twofold, double. 2. Consisting of two (of scy
thing). 3. Cloven, divided in two parts. 4. Doubled, i. e. thick,
large. 5. § Double-faced, deceitful : duplices palmae and duplex pakaa,
both hands, Virg., Ov.
dupliclter. adv. 1 . Doubly. 2. On two accounts. 3. In a two
fold manner.
dupllco, as. r. a. 1 . To double. 2. To increase in a two-fold props:-
tion. 3. To repeat 4. §To double up (esp. with pain), to bend. Fa-
ciliore ad duplicanda verba Graco sermone, the Greek language hs,::,
easier to form compound words in, Liv.
duplus, a, am, adj. Double ; (n. as subst.) double.
dupondium, i. n. A corn worth two asses.
durabllis, e. adj. Durable, likely to last.
Jduracinus, a, um. adj. With hard berries, hard (of fruit).
t§duramen, inis. n. Hardness.
tSdurateus, a, am. adj. [tovpirios.] Made of wood.
dure and •fdoriter. 1. With hardness. 2. With harshness. 3.
Stiffly. 4. ^Unfortunately (of events happening *.
duresco, is, rui (no sup.), v. n. To grow hard, become hard, be hard.
^dureta, m. f. A wooden bathing tub.
duritas, atis (more usu. d&rltia, as, and durlties, ei.). / 1. Ilaniotss.
2. Harshness, rigour, severity. 3. Hardness of heart, cruelty.
 DUR-ECH 161
(ifirinsculus, a, ran. adj. Rather hard, rather harsh.
dflro. as. v. a. and v. n. 1. (r. a.) To make hard, to harden. 2. To
make callous, to inure (c. ad and ace. of the labour, etc., to which). 3,
To endure, to bear. 4. (v. n.) To endure, i. e. to last, to continue.
i. To be callous to (c. in and ace.) : durant colles, the hills extend in an
unbroken line, Tac.
durus, a. um. adj. 1. Hard (in every sense), unyielding to the touch.
2. Harsh (in taste). 3. Harsh, rigorous, severe, inflexible, unyielding.
4. Morose, unpolished. 5. Hardy, vigorous. 6. Hard, cruel (of
persons, or of fate). 7. Unpleasant, disagreeable. 8. Difficult.
t^dunmviratus, us. m. The office of a duumvir.
duumviri, orum. Duumvirs, the names of several officers elected in pairs at
Rome : duumviri perduellionis, a bench of two judges appointed to try a
case of murder ; d. aacrorum, the keepers of the Sibylline books ; d. navales,
a couple of officers appointed to superintend the equipping of a fleet. It
was also the title of the chief magistrates in a municipal town.
dux, ducia. m.f. 1. A guide, a conductor. 2. A leader, a commander,
a chief, a general.
tdynamii, ia./ f Sima/us.] A quantity.
dynastes, te. m. [JwatTT^j.J A prince, a ruler.

E.
t. prep.—See 6X.
eitenui. adv. So far, to such an extent, to such a degree.
ebenus,i. m.f. Ebony.
SMbo, ii, blbi, Mblttun, v. a, 1. To drink up, to drink 2. T»
absorb. 3. To squander in gluttony : qui Nestoris ebibat annos, who
will drink as many glasses of wine as Nestor lived years, Ov.
teblto, as. v. «. To go out.
eblandior, Iris. r. dtp. 1. To gain by coaxing. 2. To coax. (perf.
part, in pan. sense): eblandita suffragia, votes gained by Battery, Cic
ebrietaa, atia. /. Drunkenness, intoxication.
ebrioaltaa, atia./. A habit of intoxication.
ebriojnj, a, nnt, adj. 1. Apt to get drunk ; (m. as subst.) a drunkard.
2. Likely to make drunk.
ebriui, a. ran. once +dim. ebriSlnf. Drunk, (lit. and metapb.) intoxicated.
ebullio, If. r. n. and a. 1. («. n.) To boil np, to bubble up. 2. (v. a.)
To boast of.
ebulum, i. ». Wallwort, dwarf elder,
ibur, oris. ». 1. Ivory. 2. Anything made of ivory, a statue, etc.
3. (Juv.) §An elephant
ubfiratus, a, tun. adj. Inlaid with ivory.
eburneus, a, um, and §$burnua, and dim. ebnrneolug, a, am. adj. 1.
Of ivory, made of ivory. 2. White as ivory, white.
wee. adv. Lo, behold (sometimes c. dak): as, ecce tibi Ausonioe tellus ! be
hold, Italy is before you ! Virg. In Latin comedy it ia combined with a
pronoun ; as, ecca, eccilla ! lo ! here she is ; eccum, eccillum ! behold him,
here he is ! etc
+e©eire. adv. by Ceres.
ecdlcua, L m. [fuSucot.] A syndic, a local agent of a community.
wheneis, idia./ [lx» ravs.] The sucking tish, the remora.
echinus, i. ro. 1. A hedgehog. 2. The sea urchin. 3. A copper
. vessel to wash out or rinse the cups in.
Echionius, a, um. adj. Of Echion, one of the heroes who sprang from the
. dragon's teeth sown by Cadmus, Theban,
Echo, &•./. [HxA.] Echo.
ii
162 ECL — EDTJ
eclipsis, ii./. [IxXriifus.] An eclipse.
eclSgarii, oram. pi. n. | ixXiyw. ] Select passages from a work.
ecquando. adv. interna. When? At what time? Is there any time?
When?
eoquis, qua, quod, interrog. pro*. Is there any ? Will any ? Who at
any time ? mei also in indirect question), whether any, if any ; some
times nam is added : audire a te cupio ecquid audieris, ecquisnam tibi dii-
erit .... I wish to hear from you whether you hare heard anything ;
whether any one has told you . . . . , Cic.
aequo, intrrr. adv. Whither ? To what point ?
edacltas, atis./ Gluttony.
Max, acis. adj. 1. Devouring, voracious. 2. Consuming all things.
destructive.
fedento, as. v. a. To knock out the teeth.
fedentulus, a, tun. adj. Toothless.
tedepol. adv. By Pollux (an oath).
edico, is, xi. ctum. t>. a., and fidicto, as. v. a. To declare, issue as a de
cree, pronounce an edict, to ordain, to command, to appoint.
edictum, i. a., and fedietio, onis. /. An edict, a proclamation, an order
publicly issued.
edisco. it, didici, no sup. v. a. 1. To learn thoroughly, to learn. 2.
Study as a learner, as a student.
edissero, ii, ui, sertum; and (more rare) edisserto, as. r. a. To relate, to
explain.
edltlcii judices. The judges chosen by the plaintiff in the causa soda-
liciorum— (See Smith, Diet. Ant. 631. a.).
edltio, onis. / 1 . A statement. 2. JA publishing, a putting forth,
an edition. 3. A declaration, a statement of the form of action.
Jedltor, Sris. m. A producer, he who or that which produces.
edltus, a, um. part. fr. edo, q. v.; as adj. 1. Born of (c. de or ab and
abl.). 2. High, elevated, lofty : vinous editior, the superior in strength,
Hor.
edo, edis or es, edi, esum. v. a. 1 . To eat (lit and metaph.). 2. To
devour, to destroy. 3. To corrode (metaph. as care, etc.). 4. +To
squander.
edo, is, dldi, dltum. v. a. 1. To put forth, to bring forth, to produce.
2. To pour forth. 3. To utter. 4. §To be the parent of (either
father or mother), to produce, to cause. 5. To publish (a book). 6.
To give notice, declare, publish (i. e. state in a public manner), to give
public notice of, to proclaim. 7. To spread abroad (a report), to divulige.
8. §To relate in verse, to celebrate, to speak of. 9. To exhibit (a public
spectacle). 10. To perform, put in execution, bring to pass: ingentem
ediderunt csedem, they made a great slaughter, Li v. ; ipse militare aliqnod
edidi facinus, I myself have performed some military exploit, Liv. ; sxpe
et contemtus hostis cruentum certamen edidit, often even a despised enemy
has fought a bloody battle, Liv.
edoceo, es, ui, ctum. v. a. To teach thoroughly, to teach.
8d51o, as. v. a. To hew out, to cut smooth; (metaph.) to finish, to com
plete,
edomo, as, ui, Itum. t>. a. To tame completely, to subdue.
Eddnus, a, um. adj., also edonis Idis./. Of Edfinus, a mountain range in
Thrace, (therefore) Thracian.
edormio. Is, and tedormisco, is. r. n. To sleep off (the effects of intoxi
cation, etc.): cum Thonam edormit, when he sleeps as if he were acting
the part of Thona (who was introduced asleep on the stage), Hor.
educatio, onis./; A rearing, bringing up, education.
educator, iris, m., atrix, lois. 1. A rearer, a bringer np. 2. {A
tutor.
educo, as. v. a. 1. To bring up, to rear. 2, To educate, to
 EDU—EFF 163
3. To nourish, to produce (as the rain nourishes or the earth produces
flowers).
educo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead forth (esp. an army, etc), to draw
out, to bring away, to take out (as a companion, etc.). 2. To bring,
to summon (in jus, before the court, Cic). 3. (Ezercitum being under
stood) To march out. 4. To bring out (a chicken from the egg), to
batch. 5. To bring up, to rear, to educate. 6. To raise up, to
erect (a building, an altar, etc.): cceloque educere jussit, and he bade
them raise it to the sky. 7. §To pass, to spend time.
edulis, e. adj. Eatable.
teduxo, at. r. n. To last, to endure.
gedurus, a, urn. adj. 1. Very hard. 2. Very harsh.
effarcio or fercio. is, si. torn. v. a. To cram, to fill.
effatum, L n. An axiom : vatum effata, the predictions of soothsayers, Cic.
effatus, a, nm. part. pass, of effor. 1. (Used in act. sense) Saying. 2.
(In pass, sense) Uttered.
effectio, onis. / 1. A doing, a performing. 2. The efficient cause.
»effectivu». a, am. adj. Practical, producing an effect.
effector, oris, ra., / -trix, tricis. A maker, a causer, an author.
effectus, us. as., effectual, i. n. 1. An effect. 2. Execution, perform
ance. 3. Effect, result: quarum [hcrbarum, sc] vim et effectum Tideres,
of which you saw the power and operation, Cic
effectus, a, um. part. pan. for efficio, q. v.
effeminate, adv. Effeminately.
effemln&tus, a, um. part, of seq.; used also as adj. Effeminate.
effemlno, as. r. u. To make a woman of, to make effeminate, to enervate,
to weaken.
efferatus, a, um. part. pats, of effero, as, q. v. ; used also as adj. Fierce,
garage.
efferltas, atis./. Savageness, a savage way of living.
effero. as. v. a. To render wild, fierce, or savage.
effero, fers, extuli, el aturn. t>. a. 1. To bring out, to carry out, to bring
forth out of. 2. To carry out for burial, to bury. 3. To bear, to
produce (as bind bears crops, etc.). 4. To raise up, to raise, to exalt.
6. To utter, to pronounce, to declare, to publish, to make known. 6.
To extol. 7. +§To bear, to endure. !). effero me, to raise oneself, to,
show oneself. 9. effero me, and in pass, efferor, to be elated, puffed
up. to be proud. 10. (In pats.) To be carried away (by feelings, joy,
passion, etc.), to be transported.
Setferus. a, um. adj. Very fierce, very savage.
effervesco, is, fend, and §effervo, is. no svp. v. n. To boil up, to boil
over (Ht. and metaph.): ruptis effervere costis, to swarm out of the burst
■ides (of the slain ox), Virg.
effetus, a, um. adj. 1. That has brought forth. 2. Exhausted, worn
out: veri effeta senectus, an old age incapable of truth, Virg.
efficaeltas, atis./. Efficacy, efficiency, power.
efflcax, acis. adj. 1. Efficacious, effectual. 2. Able (to produce such
and such an effect). 3. Strong, powerful (of a man).
efflciens, entis. pari, of efficio; used also as adj. 1. Efficient. 2. Pro
ductive (c. gen.).
efficienter. adv. Efficiently.
efflcientia, 89./. Power, efficacious influence.
efficio, Is, feci, fectum. v. a. I. To do, to make, to bring to pass, to
perform, to execute, to render (of such and such a character). 2. To
bear, to produce (as land produces crops). 3. To produce, to amount to
(as a sum). 4. To prove (as a fact proves, more rarely of the person
arguing)—-{In pau.) ex quo efficitur, from which it follows ; or, by which it
it proved, Cic; quod a Curione efficeram, which (object) I bad obtained
from Curio, Cic; effioiam posthac ne quenquam voce lacessas, I will pre
vent your hereafter provoking any one with your tongue, Virg.
164 EFF—EGE
effictio, onis./ A representing, a portraying.
effigies, ei./ [effingo.] 1. A copy, a likeness, an image, an effigy. !•
An imitation. 3. A statue, a portrait : effigies, immo umbras nominal,
the mere ghosts and shadows of men, Liv.
effingo, is, inxi. ictum. v. a. 1. To form, to fashion. 2. To repre
sent, to portray. 3. §To rub gently. 4. (very rare) To wipe oat
effiagitatio, onis. /. An earnest request.
efflaglto. as. v. a. To request earnestly, to ask for, to demand.
tefflictim. adv. To death, desperately (to love).
tefflicto, as. v. a. To strike dead.
teffligo, is, xi, ctnm. v. a. To strike dead, to kill.
efflo, as. v. a. 1. To blow out, to breathe forth : e. »"'"'««n, to eipire.
Cic 2. §To get rid of, to lose (colour, etc). 3. («. «.) +$To ssv
forth (as flame, etc.).
effloresce, is, rui, no sup. v. n. To flourish, (only raetaph.) to sprint; op.
efUuo. is, xi, ium. v. ». 1. To flow forth, to flow oat of. 2. To M.
3. §To escape, to disappear, to pass away. 4. To proceed. o. T«
get abroad, to become known : ex ammo tuo effluo, I slip from you miad.
i. e. I am forgotten, Cic.
t effluvium, in. A flowing forth, an outlet.
effodio. Is. fodi, fossum. v. a. 1. To dig out, to dig up, 2. To tor
out, to thrust out (an eye, etc.).
effor, aris, atus sum. v. dtp. 1. To speak, to utter. 2. To state (t)
a proposition).
effrenate. adv. In an unbridled, violent manner.
effrenatio, onis./. Unbridled impetuosity.
effrenatus, a, am. part, of effreno (iniu.); used as adj. (c. compar., etc.). Cn
bridled, (lit. and more usu. raetaph.) violent, impetuous, unrestraint
unruly.
effrenus, a, tun. adj. Unbridled, unrestrained, violent.
effringo, is, fregi, fractum. v. a. To break to pieces, to break open.
effiigio, Is, fugi, fugltum. v. a. and n. 1. (e. a.) To flee, to escape.
2. («>. a.) To flee from, to escape from, to avoid, to shun : nihil u etfaj.es.
nothing will escape you, i. e. escape your notice.
effugium, i. «. 1. Escape, flight. 2. A means of escape.
effulgeo, ea, si, no sup.; infix, -ere (Virg.). To gleam forth, to shine, fc>
glitter.
effultus, a, on. part, from effulcio (imis.). Propped up, supported.
effundo, is, fudi, fusum. v. a. 1. To pour forth, to pour oat. 2. To
send forth. 3. To shoot (arrows, etc). 4. To throw off (aa a hone
throws a rider). 5. To produce (as the ground produces crops). t
To squander, to lavish, to dissipate. 7. To utter, to say, to pear fortb
(words, feelings, etc.). 8. To cast away, to resign, to lose. 9. effasde
me, and in pass, effundor (of a crowd, a number of people), to rush forts
to spread abroad. Also, 10. To give way to, indulge in (c. in and a! .
or c. in, and ace.) : milites in licentiam effusi, the soldiers abandoned t*
licentiousness, Liv.; nos contra effusi lacrimis, we, on the other hir:
abandoning ourselves to tears, Virg.; in nos suavissime effustu, treating aa
with the greatest cordiality, Cic.
effuse, adv. 1. In every direction, far and wide (to go, to spread, e*c.\
2. profusely, lavishly. 3. Extravagantly, at random.
effusio, 5nii./ 1. A pouring forth (lit. and metaph.). 2. Profusion.
prodigality : effusio animi in lanitio, the mind abandoning itself to joy,
Cic.
effturas, a, am. part. pats. fr. effundo; also as adj. (c compar. etc.). Spreadisc
or spread far and wide, extensive. 2. Profuse, prodigal, extravagant,
immoderate : effusus cursus, a headlong charge (of soldiers), Liv. ; so,
ram effuso agmine essent, when they had marched with great speed, lav.
effutio. Is, ivi, Itnm. r. a. To prate, to babble out.
egelidus, a, urn. adj. Cool,
 EGE—ELA 165
Ignis, entu. pari, of egeo (q. v.) ; used also as adj. (c. compar. etc.). In
Deed oi' (often c. got.), destitute of, devoid of, poor.
(genus, a, am. adj. 1. In want of, destitute of (c gen., sometimes c. abl.).
2. Poor, needy : res egenas, misfortune, Virg.
egeo, es, ni (no sup.), v. ». 1. To be needy, poor, in wane 2. To be
destitute of, in want of, to want, to require (c. abl., §more rarely c. gen.).
•giro, is, gessi, gestom. r. a. To carry out, to bear out, to bring out.
2. To vomit fortb, to discharge, to get rid of. 3. § To carry out for bu
rial. 4. To pour forth (complaints, etc.).
egestas, atis. / Want, need, indulgence, poverty.
^egeitio, dnis./. A carrying out, a bearing off.
ego, mei. I,
egomet. I myself.
egredior, eris, gressus sun. r. dep. I. To go forth, to come forth, to go
out, to come out, to march out, to go, to come. 2. To digress. 3.
(c sec.) To go forth from, to leave. 4. JTo surpass: vetus familia,
neque tamen praturam egressa, an old family, but one which had never
riien above the prcetorship, Tac.
tgregie. adv. Excellently, admirably, beautifully.
egregius, a, urn. adj. [e grex.] 1. Distinct from the common herd,
excellent, admirable, very good, very beautiful, egregious. 2. JVery
honourable.
tegressio, onis./, and egresstu, us. m. 1. A going out, a going forth,
s departure. 2. Escape. 3. §The mouth of a river. 4. Di
gression.
+egurgito, as. v. a. To pour forth, to lavish.
tsbem, Jeho. interj. Ha !
Oun. interj. Alas !
*ia. aterj. (of encouragement). Forward, come on.
Sejiculor, aria. c. dep. To throw forth, to spout'forth.
:=jectamentam, i. a. What is cast out, refuse.
ejectio. onis./; A casting out, banishment.
Sejecto, as. v. a. To pour forth, to cast out, to vomit forth.
Tejectus. us. m. A casting fortb, a breathing out.
ejero.—See ejuro.
ejlcio, Is, jeci, jectnm. v. a. 1. To cast forth, to eject, to expel. 2.
To reject, to hiss off. 3. To banish. 4. To hurl, to shoot (an
arrow, etc.). 5. To throw off (as a horse throws a rider): eo,
naves ejicere, to bring ships to land there, Cess.; more fully, in terram navem
ejicere, Cic ; more usu., to run a ship ashore so as to wreck it ; classis ad
Baleares insulas ejicitur, the fleet is wrecked on the Balearic isles, Liv. ;
ejiciome, to burst forth, to sally forth out of ; si se ejecerit, secumque suos
eduxerit, if he takes himself from the city, and leads his gang with him,
Cic; lingua ejecta, with his tongue out, Cic.
cjiilatio, onis. /. and ejulatus, us. m. Wailing, lamentation.
•j&lo, as. r. n. To lament, to bewail.
lejuratio. onis. f. A resigning, a laying down, a laying aside.
fjtro, and ejiro, as. 1. To refuse, to reject an oath. 2. To lay
down or resign an office, swearing at the same time that one has faithfully
fulfilled it. 3. To disown (anything) : ejuro bonam copiam, to swear
that one has not means, to take an oath of insolvency, Cic.
•JM.— See Is.
'labor, iris, lapsus sum. v. dep. I. To slip away, slip from, to fall oat,
fall from, to escape. 2. To glide. 3. To vanish, to disappear. 4,
(c. ace.) JTo escape from : elabi memoria, to slip from the memory, i. e. be
forgotten, Cic; paulatim elapsus est Bacchidi, he has gradually become
estranged from Baochis; in servitutem elapsi, having gradually fallen into
slavery, Liv. ; elapsi in pravum artus, limbs disabled or crippled, Tac.
tlaboratio, onis. f. Careful labour, careful polish.
elibiro, as. v. n. and a. 1. To labour, to exert oneself. 2. To labour
x 3
166 E LA — ELI
at, to finish, work up, polish with great labour or care, to elaborate;
elaborata concinnitaa, elaborate elegance, i. e, the result of labour, Cic.
ilament&bllia, e. adj. Very lamentable.
elanguesco. U, gui, no nip. v. a. To grow faint, languid, to relax.
elargior, Iris, Itni nun. v. dtp. To bestow lavishly, to give.
elite, adv. 1. In a lofty, proud style. 2. Boastfully, with exaggeration.
elatio, onis. / 1. A being transported by (any feeling). 2. Eleva
tion, loftiness (of mind).
elatro, as. t>. a. To bark out, utter loudly.
el&fru*, a, um. part. pats, of effero, q. v.; also as adj. 1. Proud, bangbtv.
2. Elated. 3. Elevated, lofty (of a disposition). 4. Transported
(with a feeling), carried away by, wholly abandoned to (c abl.).
telavo, as, livi, lotum. v. «. 1. To wash out. 2. To atrip oneself
of. lose (c. abl.).
telecebra, ee. / An enticer, an allurer.
electe. adv. With careful choice, with discrimination, with taste.
telectflis, e. adj. Choice,
electio, onis. /. Choice, selection, election.
telecto, as. v. a. 1. To worm out (a secret). 2. To choose, to select.
elector, oris. m. A chooser, an elector.
electrum. La. 1. Amber. 2. An amber ball, carried by ladies in
their hands to keep them cool, anything made of amber. 3. A mixed
metal of amber colour.
electus, As. m. Choice, selection,
electus, a, run. part-paa. of eligo, q. v. (also as adj., c. compar., etc). Choice,
select, picked out, exquisite, excellent,
elegans, antis. adj. 1. fLuxurious, fastidious. 2. Elegant, of good
taste, becoming, neat, beautiful,
eleganter. adv. Elegantly, becomingly, neatly, with good taste,
elegantia, m. f. 1. •fFastidiousness. 2. Elegance, neatness, good
taste.
SlSgeia and Jelegia, as./ Elegy, elegiac verse,
elegus, i. m. (only in pi). An elegy, an elegiac poem,
lleleldes, um. pl.f. [i\t\tC] Bacchanalian women,
elementum, i. n. (usu. in pi.). 1. Elements, first principles. 2. The
- beginning (of anything). 8. JThe categories of Aristotle. 4. An
element (as fire, water, etc.).
telenchus, i. m. 1 . An earring. 2. An index to a book.
Slephantus, i. m., and elephas. antis. m. 1. An elephant 2, Itoit.
ileus, a, tun. adj., also Elias, Sdis./ Of Elis, where the Olympic games
were celebrated : Elea palma, the victory gained at the Olympic games,
Hor.
teleutheria, as. [t\tvBcpla.~\ Liberty.
elSvo, as. v. a. 1. To lift up, to raise. 2. To lighten, to alleviate.
3. To carry away, scatter. 4. To disparage, to depreciate,
ielevatio, onis./. Depreciation.
ellcio. Is, cui, Hum. v. a. 1. To draw out, allure out, bring out, to
elicit. 2. To summon, to conjure up (spirits from below, etc.): quia
elicere causas prasensionum potest ? who can ascertain the causes of pre
sentiments? Cic
elldo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To knock out, beat out, press out, force out.
2. To expel, to remove. 3. To break, to shatter, to crush, to destroy.
4. To strangle. 5. §tTo reflect (an image).
eligo. Is, legi, lectum. v. a. To pick out, to choose, to elect
ellmlno, as. v. a. [limen.] 1. fTo turn out of doors. 2. To utter out
of doors,
ellmo, as. [lima.] 1. To polish. 2. To give the last polish to, to
complete.
{Unguis, e. adj. 1. Speechless. 2. Destitute of eloquence.
 ELI—EME 167
telinguo, as. v. a. To deprive of the tongue.
;eliquo. as. r. a. To strain off, to clarify; (metaph.) to pronounce in a
mincing manner.
elixus, a, urn. adj. Boiled.
eloco. as. r. a. To let out for hire.
elocutio, onis./ Elocution, delivery.
eldgium, i. n. 1. A saying, a maxim. 2. An inscription, esp. on a
tombstone. 3. A clause in, or codicil to a will, esp. one which disin
herits some one. 4. +An abstract (in criminal cases).
eldqnens, entis. part, of eloquor, but used as adj. Eloquent.
teloquenter. adv. Eloquently.
eloquentia. ee. ./'. and geloquium. i. n. Eloquence.
eloquor, eris, elocutus sum. v. dep. 1. To speak, to utter, to declare,
esp. to speak as an orator, to make a speech.
eluceo. es, luxi, no sup. v. n. 1. To shine out, to shine. 2. To be
apparent, conspicuous.
eloctor, aria. v. dep. To struggle out, to force a way out (sometimes c. ace
of that out of or through which the way is forced): cum tot ac tarn valida:
elnctanda? manus essent, when so many vigorous hands had to be escaped
from, Liv.
elucubro. as; more usu. -or, arig. t>. dep. To finish by candlelight, i. e. to
finish, or elaborate carefully; part. perf. sometimes in pass, sense.
eludo, Is, si, sum. v. a. 1. +To cease playing. 2. fTo win (a prize) at
a game. 3. To get the better of at a game, to beat, 4. To parry, to
elude. 5. To deceive. 6. To make game of, to ridicule, to mock.
elugeo, es, zi, no sup. r. a. To mourn for, to lament.
telumbis, e. adj. Enervated, weak.
eluo. is, ui, utum. o. a. 1. To wash out, to wash, to cleanse. 2. To
wash out, to efface, to get rid of. 3. tTo squander : elutus (c compar.
elutior), insipid, with all the strength washed out, weak, useless.
eluvio, onis./, and eluvies, ei. /. 1. A washing away, a discharge.
2. An overflowing, an inundation. 3. fA ravine.
Elysius, a, run. adj. Of Elysium, Elysian.
"emancipatio, onis. /. The emancipation of a son from his father's power.
emanclpo, as. v. a. 1. To emancipate, to free a son from his father's
power. 2. To part with, to surrender, to give up, to sell.
emano, as. v. n. 1 . To flow out 2. To spring from, proceed from,
emanate from. 3. To get abroad, become known : emanare in vulgus,
to become commonly known, Cic
Emathius, a, urn. adj. Of Macedonia or Thessaly.
ematuresco, is, rui, no sup. To become ripe, to become softened.
emu, acis. adj. Fond of buying.
emblema, atis. gen. (also all. pi. atis). ». [inS&Ww. ] 1. Work in
relief on vessels, cups, etc. 2. Mosaic work.
embfilinm, i. n. An interlude.
emendabllis, e. adj. Capable of being amended, or corrected.
emendate, adv. Correctly.
emendatio, onis. f. Emendation, correction.
emendator, oris, m., and /. -atrii, ids. An amender, a corrector, a re
former.
emendatus, a, on. part, of emendo; also as adj. Correct, faultless.
^emendico, as. To obtain by begging.
emendo, as. r. a. To amend, correct, reform.
emensus, a, run. part, from emetior, q. v.
ementior, iris, itus sum. v. dep. To say falsely, to allege falsely, to forge,
to tell lies about (perf. part., sometimes in pass, sense).
temercor, iris. t>. dep. tTo buy with money, to bribe.
emereo, es, ui, Itum. 1. To deserve, to earn. 2. To gain the goodwill
of: emereo stipendia, to complete one's term of military service, Cic, Lie;
U 4
168 EME-EMP
(u»ed also of other service): annuum tempus prope jam emeritum babe-
bamus, our year's service was by this time nearly completed, Cie.
emergo, is, si, aum. v. a. and n. 1. (u. a.) To raise up, to cause to
emerge, to extricate oneself (u»u. in pass, voice, almost as dtp.) : catenas
e palude, having emerged from the marsh, Liv.; cemis et emersat in loom
tenders noctes, you see that the nighta, when they have emerged from dark
ness, become (or tend towards) light, Ov. ; velut emerso ab aeminuteae
ammo, as if his mind had just recovered from its astonishment, Lir. "2.
(More usu. v. n.) To emerge, arise, come forth. 3. To escape, to extricair
oneself, to arise out of (a worse condition to a better). 4. To arise (aa
wars, with reference to their cause) : ex quo magis emergit, from which it
is more manifest, Cic.
emeritus, a, am. part past, from emereo, q. v.; (also with the esp. meaning)
1. Having served out one's time. 2. Worn out, invalided. 3. Whki
has been fully served out (as a period of duty) : emeritus rogua, an extinct
funeral pile, Prop.
emetior, Iria, mensus nun. v.dep. 1. To measure out. 2. To traverse,
to pass over or through. 3. To measure out to, L e. bestow on;—(per/,
part, sometimes in pass, sense): Galba quinque principes emensus, Galba
having measured out, i. e. survived five emperors, Tac.
emeto, is, messui, messum. r. a. To mow, to reap.
emlco, as, ui, no sup. 1. To spring forth quickly, to appear quickly.
2. To thine, to sparkle, to glitter.
enflgro, as. v. n. To emigrate from, depart from (c. abl. or c. ex and abL).
feminatio, onis. /. A threatening.
emlnens, entis. pari, from emineo ; U6ed also as adj. (c. compax., ete.)i
1. Rising above other things, eminent, lofty. 2. Conspicuous. d'.s-.a.-
guished.
emlnentia, a. /. Prominence: in umbris et in eminentia, in light and
shade (of painting), Cic.
Smlneo, es, ui, no sup. v.n. 1. To be raised up above, to project; t»
be prominent. 2. To be eminent, conspicuous, to excel. 3. To be
evident.
+emInor, iris. v. dtp. To be threatening, to threaten.
emlnus. adv. [e manus.] Not within reach of the hand, from a£ar, at a
distance,
emiror, aris. v. dtp. To wander at, to admire,
emissarium, i. n. An outlet, a floodgate,
emissaring, L m. An emissary, a scout, a spy.
femissIciuB, a, in. adj. Sent out, spying,
emissio, onis. /., and femiwus, fls. m. 1. A sending out or forth. 2. A
shooting, a hunting,
emitto, is, mlsi, missum. v. a. 1. To send out, to send forth. 2. Te
shoot, to hurl. 3. To let off, to let escape (water, etc.). 4. To
utter, to emit. 5. JTo produce, to lay (an egg, etc.). 6. To put
forth, to publish. 7. To release. 8. To let slip, to lose,
emitto me. To burst forth, Cic. : emitto animam, to expire, Nep.
emo, is, emi, emtum. v. a. To buy, to purchase.
emfideror, aris. v. dtp. To moderate.
emodiilor, aris. v. dtp. To sing.
■femolior, Iris, itus sum. v. dep. To complete, to finish,
emollio, Is. «. o. 1. To soften, to make gentle. 2. To enervate.
Jemolo, is. no per/. To grind to pieces, to consume by grinding.
emolumentum, i. n. 1. Exertion, labour. 2. Advantage, gain,
emorior, iris, mortuus stun. «. dep. To die (lit. and metaph.).
emoveo. es. m5vi, motum. v. a. To move away, to remove, to banish,
empirlcus, i. m. [i^nttpla.] A physician whose system is founded solely
on experience,
emporium, i. n. [ipsrtpsw.] A mart, an emporium,
emptio, onis./. A buying, a purchasing.
 EMP-ENU 169
Jemptlto, as. v. a. To be in the habit of buying, to buy.
emptor, oris. m. A buyer, a purchaser.
Semolgeo, es, si, no sup. r. a. To milk dry, to drain.
emungo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. To blow the nose : erauncte nans, keen-
nosed, i. e. sharp-sighted, sagacious : emunctus, cheated, Hor. ; ut oculos
emungare ex capiti, that you may have your eyes punched out, Plaut.
emfinio, is, Ivi, Stum. v. a. 1. To fortify. 2. $To make passable, to
make a road through.
En. interj. Lo! behold.
enaxratllis, e. adj. That may be related, describable.
enarro, as. v. a. To relate, to set forth.
enascor, eris, enatus sum. r. dtp. To be born of, to issue forth from, to
spring from, to originate from.
enato, as. v. n. 1. To escape by swimming. 2. To escape, to extri
cate onself.
enavigo, as. v. a. 1. To sail out of, to escape from. 2. To sail over.
+endogTedior. An old form of ingredior, q. v., so endoperator, an old form
of hnperator, etc.
JendrBmis, Idos./ [tV Sp6fu>s.] 1. A coarse shaggy cloak, in which the
athletes wrapped themselves after exercise. 2. A cloak.
enSco, as, ui(avi also Plaut), nectus. v. a. I. To kill. 2. To tire
to death, to exhaust. 3. To torture to death, to torment
*enervis, e. adj. Enervated, weak.
enervo, as. v. a. To render effeminate, to enervate, to weaken.
enim conj., usu. the second word in a sentence, never the first. 1 . For.
2. (In replies, and after the pronoun is) Indeed, really. 3. (With
neque or ut, explaining a previous statement) For instance.
enimvero. adv. In truth, of a truth, really, certainly.
eniteo, es. and enltesco, is, tui, no sup. v. n. To shine forth, to be eminent,
conspicuous.
enltor, eris, nisus and nixus sum. e. dtp. 1. To strive, to struggle, to
make great exertions. 2. To force one's way. 3. +To climb, to as
cend, to surmount 4. To bring forth (per/, enixa sum).
enixe. adv. Earnestly, laboriously, energetically.
eaixus, a, tun. part. pats, of enitor, q. v., also as adj. Earnest, laborious,
energetic
Cenixus, us. A bringing forth.
; Enn6sigaeus, i. m. [ Ervoalyaios.] The shaker of the earth, Neptune.
eno, as. r. n. 1. To swim away, to escape by swimming. 2. §To fly
away.
enodate. adv. Without obscurity, plainly, clearly.
enodatio, onis. / A disentangling, explanation.
enodis, e. adj. Without parts.
enodo, as. e. a. 1. $To cut the knots off (trees). 2. (metaph.) To
explain.
'enormis, e. adj. [e norma.] 1. Out of rule, irregular. 2. Immoderate,
extremely great
~enormItas, atis./. 1. Irregularity. 2. Excessive size.
^enotesco, is, tui- no sup. v. a. To become known.
~enoto, as. v. a. To note down, to take a note of.
;enslfer, era, erum. adj. Bearing a sword, armed with a sword.
enxis, is. m., dim. also tenslculus, i. ni. 1. A sword. 2. JOrion
(the constellation).
*enter6cele. es./. Rupture.
lentheatus, a, am. and Jentheus, a, um. wlj. [Mtos.] Inspired.
entnymema, atis. n. [<VMf«T/*ia.] 1. A thought, a reflection. 2. An
enthyniem. 3. A conclusion drawn from contraries.
Snubo, is, psi, ptum. v. «. 1. To marry out of one's rank, c. ex and
abL 2. To marry.
enucleate, adv. Plainly, clearly.
170 ENU-EPO
enucko. u. v. a. To take out the kernel; (metaph.) to explain clearly.
enudo. ai. v. a. To lay bare, to explain.
eniimcratio, onis./. An enumeration, a reckoning up, a recounting.
enumero, u, r. a. To enumerate, reckon up, recount.
enuntiatio, onis. £ 1. A proposition, an axiom. 2. A declaration, ai
assertion (of a fact, principle, etc.) 3. JAn explanation.
Jenuntiatrix, Icia./. One who declares, or asserts,
enuntiatum. i. n. An assertion.
enuntio, as. t>. a. 1. To enuntiate, to assert 2. To publish, to dis
close, to make known,
enuptio, onis./ A right of marrying out of one's own rank, c gen.
enfitrio, If, Ivi, Hum. To nourish, to bring up, to rear.
JEnyo, us./ t'Eio«6.] 1. Bellona. 2. War.
eo, is, Ivi, Itum. gen. eundi, etc v. n. 1. To go (in any sense or way),
to march. 2. tTo give way, to sink (of beams). 3. To pass away,
to pass, to disappear. 4. To go on (of events). 5. To go, to do, i. e.
prepare to do a thing : Cum omnes in senteutiam ejus pedibus irent, when
all voted for his proposal, Liv.; so ibatur in earn sententiam, they voted kt
that opinion, Cic; (past, often used as impers.) : Iium est in viscera terra,
men plunged into the bowels of the earth, Ov.
eo. adv. 1. To that place, to that point 2. To that state, to thai
pass, to that pitch (often c. gen.); as, eo impudentise ventum est, they haw
arrived at such a pitch of impudence. 3. To that degree, to that extent
4. When followed by dum, or donee (in which case it is often joined
with usque), up to that time, till then : eo usque mevivere vultis, donee...
Do you wish me to live till. . . ? Cic 5. With that object, to that eac
6. On that account, by those means, therefore. 7. (Answering quo in
comparative sentences) By so much : eo gravinr est dolor quo culpa majsr
the greater the fault is, the greater the pain, Cic.
eodem. adv. To the same place, to the same thing, on the same person.
Eos./ (only found in nam. sing.) ['Hail.] Aurora, the morning.
jsEous, a, um. adj. 1. Of Aurora, of morning. 2. Eastern. («. as
subst.) 1. The East. 2. Lucifer, the Morning Star.
SpaitUS, a, T"" part, for epasco, m. Eaten up.
ephebua, i. m. [&pT|6or.] A youth from 18 to 20 years old: postquam ex-
cest<it ex ephebis, when he had become a man, Ter.
ephemeris, Idis./. [M ypipa.] A journal, a daybook,
ephippiatus, a, um. adj. Equipped with proper horsetrappings.
ephippia, Oram. pi. n. [«Vi Tinros.] Horsetrappings, housings, a saddle, etc.
ephorus, i m. [bpopos] usu. in pi. The name of the chief magistrates at
Sparta.
Ephyreius, a, urn. adj. [i<pipa.] Corinthian.
epTb&ta, as. m. [triSdriit.] A marine.
epieopus, a, um. adj. [«V1 «<iirn.] Furnished with oars,
epicus, a, um. adj. [f»o».] Epic.
gpigramma, litis. [Mypapna.) 1. An inscription. 2. An epigram.
epilog-US, i. m. [MKoyos.] A peroration, an epilogue.
Jeplmenia, orum. pi. n. [M piiv.] A month's rations.
*epirhedium, i. n. A thong by which a horse was attached to a cart,
epistola, 83./, and dim. epistolium, i. n. A letter.
epitaphium, i. n. [M -riipos.] A funeral oration,
tepitheca, as./ \imlH\KTi.] An addition.
Jepltheton, i. n. An epithet.
ppitoma, 33, or e, es. /. [M rtunu.'} An epitome, an abridgment
+epHyrum, i. n. A dish of preserved olives,
epodes, um. m.f. A kind of fish.
;*epona, as./ The patron goddess of horses and grooms,
epops, 5pia. m. A hoopoe.
£epos, only nom. and ace. sing. n. An epic poem,
epoto, as, avi, potum. v. a. 1. To drink up the whole of, to drink up.
 EPU — EEI 171
2. To anck up, to suck in (like a whirlpool). 3. To imbibe : epoto
Sarroata pastus equo, the Sarmatian who feeds upon horses1 blood, which
he drinks, Ov.
Jpulae, arum. pi. /'., also epulum, i. n. 1. Luxurious food. 2. A
feast, a banquet.
epularis. e. adj. Of a feast, or banquet.
c-pulo, onis. m. Triumviri epulones, a body of three, afterwards of seven,
officers who superintended the sacrificial banquets of the gods,
equa, 89. f. A mare,
eques, Itis. m. 1. A horseman. 2. A cavalry soldier. 3. A
knight (usu. in pi.).—See Smith, Did. Ant., in voc Eques, the equestrian
order, Suet,
equester, tris, tie, also equestris, tre. adj. 1. Equestrian, of a horse
man. 2. Of a cavalry soldier. 3. Of a knight,
equldem. adv. [ego quidem.] Indeed, certainly; (with reference to the
speaker) 1 indeed, I at all events.
tteqnQe, is. n. A stable for horses,
equinos, a, am. adj. Of a horse, of horses.
equina, orum. ;;/. n. The annual horse race held in the Campus Martius
in honour of Mars, on 27th February and 14th March,
eqnltatnj, is. m. 1. J Riding. 2. Cavalry,
eqolto, as. v. ». To ride,
equuleus, L a., and equulus, L m. 1. A young colt. 2. A wooden
rack in the shape of a hone,
equus, i. m. A horse : eqnis viris, or equis virisque, with horse and foot, i. e.
by all possible means; turn equis, turn quadrigis poeticis, with prose and
poetry, Cic; equus bipes, a sea-horse, Virg.
teradlco. as. c. a. To root out, to eradicate, to destroy,
erado, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To scrape off. 2. To erase, to efface, to
efface the recollection of. 3. To shave.
Erectheus, a, um. adj. Of Erectheus, an ancient king of Athens, Athenian,
erectus, a, um. part. fr. erigo; used also as adj. (c. compar. etc.). I. Up
right, elevated, lofty (lit. and metaph.). 2. Noble (in character). 3.
Proud (rare). 4. Attentive, intent on an object (c. ad and ace). 5.
Animated, encouraged, resolute,
erepo, is, psi, ptum. v. n. and a. 1 . To creep out. 2. To crawl over,
to traverse.
ereptio, onis. f. A taking away by force,
ereptor, oris. m. A taker away by force, a plunderer, a stealer,
ereptus, a, um. part. past. fr. eripio, q. v.
erga. prep. (c. ace.), 1. -(-Looking towards, opposite to. 2. Towards
(esp. of a friendly disposition towards a person; very rare of an unfriendly
one), 3. £About, concerning, with reference to (persons),
ergastulom, in. 1. A house of correction for slaves. 2. (In pi.) The
inmates of such a house of correction, convicts,
ergo (once 5 in Ov.). adv. 1. For the sake of, on account of (c. gen.).
2. Therefore, then (not of time),
erlcias. i. m. 1. A hedgehog. 2. A chevaux-de-frisc.
jEricth5nius. a, um. Of Ericthonius, an old king of Athens ; also of Dar-
danns, king of Troy; therefore 1. Athenian. 2, Trojan.
Erldanus, i. m. The river Po, in the north of Italy,
erigo. is, rexi, rectum, v. a. 1. To raise up, to set upright 2. To
raise, to build. 3. To arouse, to excite. 4. To cheer, to encourage :
in clivum Capitolinurn aciem erigunt, they ascend the Capitoline Hill in
line of battle, Liv.
Erinnys, yos)./ [Eon**.] A Fury.
eripio. Is, ui, rep turn. v. a. To snatch away from, to bear from, to force
from. 2. to carry off (esp. as death does). 3. To deliver from :
eripui fateor leto me, I saved myself, I confess, from death, Virg.; eripe
te mone, rouse yourself from dawdling, Hor.; per eos ne causam diceret se
172 ER0—ESC
eripuit, by their means be escaped being brought to trial, Cat.; eripe rule
fugara, take to flight, my son, Virg.; it lis eriperes verbis mini sidrra cob
Lucere, by those words you would force from me the belief that the sun
shine in heaven, Tib.
irSdo, is. si, sum. v. a. To gnaw off, to gnaw away, to consume.
erfigatio, onis./. A paying, a distributing.
tiroglto, as. r. a. To ask.
erogo, as. c. a. 1. To pay, to expend, to appropriate money (to a pur
pose). 2. To extort, 3. $To bequeath (c in and ace pert.).
errabundus, a, urn. adj. Wandering, wandering about.
erratlcus, a, urn. adj. Wandering, roving, erratic, (of plants) wild.
erratio, onis./, and erratns, us, m. A wandering.
erratum, i. «. An error.
erro, as. v. n. 1. To wander, to stray. 2. To spread over (c abl. «
c in and abl.). 3. To go wrong, to be mistaken, to err.—Pass, only
as import., and in part, erratus). Wandered over, traversed.
erro, onis. m. A wanderer, one apt or inclined to stray, a vagabond.
error, oris. m. 1. A wandering. 2. Any uncertain or indirect motion,
the winding of a river, etc 3. Uncertainty, wavering. 4. Decep
tion. 5. Mistake, error, fault
erubesco, is, hoi, no sup. v.n. 1. To grow red. 2. To blush, to feel
ashamed : jura supplicis erubuit, be respected the rights of his suppliant,
Virg.; non erubescendis adurit Ignibus, she is inflaming you with a km
you need not be ashamed of, Hor.
eruea, as. / A sort of cabbage or colewort.
eructo, as. v. a. 1. To belch up, to vomit up, (lit. and metaph.) to throw
up. 2. To exhale. 3. Iu conviviis eructant sermonibus suh> eaden
bonoram, at their banquets they hiccough threats of the slaughter of feed
citizens, Cic.
erudio, is, ivi, ltum. v. a. [e rudis.] To polish, educate, instruct, to train :
qua; me erudiaiit de omni republica, which may keep me informed of the
state of public affairs, Cic
erudite, adv. Learnedly.
6r6dItio, onis. /. 1. Instruction. 2. Learning, erudition.
er&dltus, a, urn. part. pass, of erudio; used also as adj. (c contpar., etc).
Learned, well versed in, skilful In.
seruditulus, a, tun. dim. of prec. adj. Skilled in.
erumpo, is, rupi. ruptum. v. a. and «. 1. (e. a.) To caste to break
forth. 2. (v. n.) To break out, to burst forth, to tally forth: portu se
foras erumpunt, they tally forth from the gates, Ca;s.
eruo, is, ui, utum. v. a. 1. To tear out, to dig out, to throw oat 2.
To root out, to destroy. 3. To bring forth out of, extract from : ream
eruta aqua, the water ploughed by the oars, Ov.; mi, siennde poles, ernes
qui decern legati fucrint, find out for me, if you can in any quarter, whe
the ten deputies were, Cic. ; neque hoc mihi erui potest, nor can I be
persuaded out of this, Cic
eruptio, onis./ A bursting forth, a sally.
ervum, i. «. A vetch.
krycinns, a, urn. adj. 1. Of M. Eryx, in Sicily, were Venus was
worshipped. 2. Of Venus. 3. (/ as svbsl.) Venus.
erythinus, i. m. A red sea-fish.
Erythrajus, a, unt [ipvtpis.] adj. Of the Red Sea, of the Persian Gali
Indian : Erythrsens dens, ivory, Mart
esca, as./. i. Food. 2. A bait
t^escarius, a, am. adj. Belonging to food or bait ; (n.pl. at nosf.) pUtti
Juv.
esoendo, is, di. sum. r . n. and a. 1 . To climb, to mount up to (c in and
ace). 2. To disembark at (c. ace. of the name of the place. 3. }(,«. «.)
to ascend, to mount
 ESC — EVA 173
eaculentua, a, um. adj. Eatable, good to eat.
tealto, aa. v. a. To be always eating, to eat.
Esqufllnus, a, tun. adj. Of the Esquiline Hill, or Esquiline Gate, outside
which the bodies of the poor were burnt or buried : Esquilins alites,
vultures which follow corpses, Hor.; Esquilinum veneficium, witchcraft
practised (or such as is practised) outside the Esquiline Gate, Hor.
essedarius, i. «. A fighter in a British war-chariot.
essedum. La. 1. A two-wheel war-chariot used by the Gauls and Britons.
2. A chariot (esp. one used at Rome in processions, etc.).
; essentia, as./. Essence,
testrix, Ida./. A glutton,
tesftriales feriae. Hunger-holidays, i. e. a fast
esuries, ei. /., esuritio, onii. /. (both rare). Hunger,
eeurio. Is, Ivi, Hum. v. a. and a. 1. (Jo. a. To wish to eat. 2. (More
dsu. c. n.) To be hungry : quod nobis esuriatur, which is desired by us,
Or.
-esuxio, finis, m., and Jesuritor, oris. m. A hungry person,
et. cemj. 1. And, 2. Also. ;!. et .... et, both .... and. J. (And
even, after aeque, pariter, etc., where atque, q. v. is more usu.) As, with,
than.
etenim- conj. Indeed, and indeed.
Etesiae. arum. pi. m. [iTriaiat.] Etesian winds, prevailing during the dog-
days : Etesia nabra Aquilonum, the annual north wind, Lucr.
etholSgus, i. m. [rjflor \4ya.] One who mimics the manners of another,
a mimic.
Stiam. conj. 1. Also, likewise. 2. Even, and even, moreover. 3.
Certainly, yes. 4. Yet, still, as yet : etiam atque etiam, again and again,
over and over, repeatedly ; etiam atque etiam desperation, getting more
desperate every day, Cic
etiamnum, and more usu. etiamnunc. conj. Even now, still, even then
(with a verb in the past tense),
etiam si conj. Even if.
itiamtum. conj. Even then, till then, still.
Etruscus, a, um. adj. Of Etruria, Etruscan : Etruscse liters, Etruscan
literature, esp. the art of divination, Liv.; Etruscum aunira, a golden amulet
worn by noble boys at Rome, Juv.
etd conj. 1. Though, although. 2. And yet (qualifying a preceding
assertion).
ItymSlogia, a./. [ln>iu>\oyta.] Etymology,
feu, t euge. safer;. ( t J. ) Well ! well done !
Eubolcua, a, um adj. Of Euboea, of Cuma:,— being a colony from Euboea :
Euboicnm carmen, the oracle or book of the Cuina-an Sibyl, Ov.
eunuchua, i. m. [thvh fx«.] A eunuch.
Euripua, i. m. The narrow channel between the island Euboea and the
mainland, any narrow strait or channel. 2. JThe trench that ran round
the Roman circus.
Eurdua, a, um. adj. Of the East-wind, Eastern.
Euros, i. as. The East or South-east wind. 2. The East. 3. The
wind.
teuscheme. adv. [«&o-x7j>»oVaj.] Gracefully, elegantly.
Euxinus, a, um. adj. Of the Euxine, or Black Sea.
ivado, is, si, sum. c. n. and v. a. I. (r. n.) To go out, to go forth. 2.
To escape (usu. c ex and adv.) 3. To turn out (of affairs, etc.). _ 4,
To come to pass. 5. (t>. o.) To traverse, *o pass over. 6. To climb,
to ascend. 7. To escape from (c. ace),
tv&gor, aria. e. dtp. 1. To wander forth, to wander, to rove, to roam, to
spread ( of a disease). 2. To stray beyond, to overstep (c ace.). 3.
JTo digress,
evilesoo, ia, lui, no sup. t>. a. 1. To grow strong. 2. To be strong.
to be able. 3. +To prevail, become prevalent or common. ,
174 EVA—EV0
Evans, ti». adj. Crying Evan, a name of Bacchus, a Bacchanalian.
evanesco, is, nni, no sup. v.n. 1, To disappear, to vanish. 2. To
sink into oblivion, to be forgotten. 3. To become weak, insipid.
Sevanldus, a, urn. adj. Vanishing, pasting away.
evasto, as. r. a. To devastate, to lay waste.
eveho, is, zi, ctum. t>. «. To carry out, to carry forth, to convey out.
2. To bear, to carry, to convey (upwards, c. ad and ace., as, ad Dew,
Hor.) : incaute se evehentes, rushing forth incautiously, Liv. 3. (la
pats.) evehor, to move forward, to advance (not walking, but on horse
back, or on a ship) : in ancoras evehuntur, they run foul of their anchors.
Liv. ; spe vana evectus, carried away by a groundless hope, Liv.
evello, is, li, vulsum. v. a. 1. To pluck out, to tear out. 2. To efface.
evenio, is, veni, ventum. v.n. 1 . To come out, to come forth. 2. Ti
come to pass, to happen (often as impart, in this sense). 3. To turn
out (as an event, not of a person) : ubi pax evenerat, when peace had
been concluded, Sail. ; vereor ne idem eveniat in meas literas, I am afraid
the same thing may happen to my letters.
eventum. i. it. and eventus, us. m. 1. An event, an occurrence. i.
The event, the result
everbero, as. v. a. To beat, to flap.
evergo, is, no perf. v. a. To send forth.
everriculum, i. n. A dragnet (lit and metapb.), a plunderer.
everro, is, ri, sum. v. a. 1. To sweep out. 2. To sweep clean, stria,
plunder.
eversio, onis. / [everto.] An overthrowing, subversion, destruction.
eversor, oris. m. An overthrower, subverter, destroyer.
everto, is, ti, sum. r. a. 1. To turn, to twist 2. To upturn, to agi
tate (as the winds do the sea). 3. To overturn, to throw down. t.
To drive out, to expel. 5. To overthrow, subvert, ruin, destroy.
evestigo, as. v. a. (only in pass, part) To seek out, to discover.
§Evias, adis./ A Bacchanalian woman.
evldens, entis. adj. Evident, manifest, plain, clear.
evidenter. adv. Evidently, manifestly, plainly.
evidentia. ae. f. Clearness, distinctness (in expression).
evlgllo, as. v. n. and a. 1. (t>. n.) To be awake (metaph. to be wakeful,
vigilant). 2. (r. a.) To pass in wakefulness (in p iss.). 3. To com
pose or contrive carefully : etsi nobis evigilatum fere est, although we
have almost done taking care of ourselves, Cic.
Jevilesco, is, lni, no sup. To become contemptible, valueless.
§evincio. is, nzi, nctum. v. a. 1. To bind. 2. To crown.
cvinco, Is, ici. icttun. v. a. 1. To conquer, overcome, defeat 2. To
prevail (by argument, etc.). 3. §To supplant 4. §To pass through,
to go beyond. 5. §To prove : in gaudium evicta, prevailed upon ta
exhibit, or transported so as to feel joy, Tac
evlro, as. v. a. To castrate, to emasculate.
eviscero, as. r. a. To disembowel, to tear open, to tear to pieces.
evitabllis, e. adj. That can be avoided.
evito, as. v. a. To avoid, to shun.
+evito, as. v. a. To deprive of life.
Evius, i. m. [ivo7.] Bacchus.
evScatio, onis./. A calling forth, a summoning (esp. to arms).
evocator, oris. m. One who calls to arms.
evoco, at. v. a. 1. To call forth, to call out, to summon forth (esp. to
arms, or military service, or of invoking a Deity to leave a besieged tows.
2. To challenge. 3, To call forth, call into operation, produce (such
_ and such a feeling).
Eves, inlrrj. [ivo7.] A shout in honour of Bacchus.
evolo, as. e. a. 1 , To fly forth, to fly out 2. To rush or spring forth.
3. To rise upwards.
evilutio, onis./. An unrolling (of a book; therefore) a reading.
 EVO—EXA 175
evolvo, is, vi, vSl&tum. v. a, 1. To roll out, unroll, unfold. 2. To
open (a book, or a garment), 3. To roll forth, pour forth (as a river
does its waters). 4. To unroll (a book, i. e.) to read. 5. To spin
out, spin to an end, exhaust, finish. 6. To strip of (c. abl. or c. ex
and a !il.). 7. To explain, to relate.
evomo, is, ui, Itum. r. a. 1. To vomit forth. 2. To disgorge. 3.
To expel. 4. To utter with coarseness or bitterness.
evulgo, as. v. a. To make known, to divulge, to publish.
evulsio, onis. f. A pulling out.
ex, and before a cons, sometimes e. prtp. c. abl. 1. From (of place,
time, persons, etc.) 2. Out of: is non est ex istis, he is not one of them,
Cic. 3. Off from : Castor et Pollux ex equis pugnare visi, Castor and
Pollnx were seen to fight on horseback, Cic; ex I eato miser, wretched
from having been happy, Cic. 4. According to : statues ex nostra dig-
nitate, you will decide in a manner suited to my dignity, Cic. : ex mea
sententia rempublicam gessimus, we have managed the affairs of state as
I wished, Cic; ex sequo, on equal terms, Cic; bene et e republics fecit,
he acted well and to the advantage of the republic, Cic. 5. After :
ex consulatu, immediately after his consulship, Cic, Liv. ; diem ex die ex-
pectabam, I was expecting from day to day, Cic. ti- On (of time),
during; as, ex itinere, while on a journey, Cic; ex fuga, during the flight,
Csa, 7- From, on account of, by reason of : ex renibus laborare, to be
in pain in the kidneys, Cic; cum esset ex alieno sere commota civitas,
when the state was in commotion through debt, Cic : (with many words
it has an adverbial force, as) ex improviso, suddenly ; e regione, oppo
site ; ex facili, easily
exacerbo, as. t>. a. To embitter, to exasperate.
exactio, onis. / 1 . A driving out, expulsion. 2. A calling in (of debts),
a collecting. 3. The exaction of a tax : exactio capitum atque ostiorum,
a poll and house-tax.
exactor, oris. m. 1. A driver out, an expeller. 2. A collector of
taxes, etc 3. Exactor supplicii, an exactor or iuflictor of punishment,
Liv.
exactus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. exigo, q. v. ; also as adj. (c. compar. etc)
1. Exact, precise. 2. Accurate, skilful in, precise in (c gen.)
eiscuo, is, ui, n turn. v. a. 1 . To sharpen, to make sharp or pointed.
2. To sharpen, (metnph.) to quicken, to excite, to stimulate,
exadvertnm, and us. adv. or prep. c. ace. Over against, opposite to.
exaedlficatio, onis./. A building to an end, a finishing,
exedifico, as. r. a. To finish building, to build, to finish.
exsquatio, dnis.y*. A levelling, an equality.
exstquo, as. r. a. 1. To equalise, to make equal, to balance. 2. To
regard as equal, to place on a level, on an equality. 3. To equal, to be
equal to : quod facta dictis exsqu.mda sunt, because the deeds done must
be corresponded to by the description, Sail.
txastno, as. t>. n. 1. To boil up, to be in a state of fermentation, of
boiling, of rage : mens exaestuat ira, his mind is boiling over with rage,
fury. 2.+ (as r. a.) To make to boil, to cause to swell.
exaggeratio. onis. /. Elevation, loftiness (of mind).
exaggero, as. v. a. 1. To heap up. 2. To enlarge, to increase (prop,
by heaping up). 3. To amplify, to exalt, (by description) to heighten,
To exaggerate.
exagitator, oris. m. One who reproves severely.
exaglto, as. t>. a. 1. To drive out. 2. To stir up, disturb, harass,
disquiet, torment. 3. To attack, (with words) satirise, criticise. 4.
To irritate, to exasperate, to excite.
fexagoga, ae. f. [/{a-yoryri]. Exportation, export
exalbesco. is, no pert v. n. To become white, to turn pale.
examen, Inis, n. 1. A swarm (of bees). 2. A multitude, a crowd.
3. The tongue of a balance. 4. A consideration, an examination.
examine as, v. a. To weigh, to consider, to examine.
176 EXA—EXC
examplexor, aria. r. dtp. To embrace.
texamussim. adv. Exactly, accurately, precisely.
exantlo, as. v. a. [^awAf'm]. 1. +To draw out 2. +To shed
( blood). 3. To go through, i. e. suffer, come to an end of (labours, etc).
texanimalis. e. adj. Deadly.
exammatio, onis./ A depriving of breath (esp. by fear).
exanlmia, e, and us, a, am. Dead, lifeless (lit. and raetaph., with terror, etc.).
exanlmo, as. v. a. 1. To kill. 2. To wear out with fatigue, to ex
haust. 3. To dishearten, to frighten to death.
exardesco, is, arsi. arsum. v. n. 1. To be kindled, to take fire (lit
and metaph. with anger, etc.). 2. To be excited, exasperated, to break
out with violence.
exaresco, is, rni, no sup. v. a. 1. To dry np, to become dry. 2. (Me
taph.) To go out of fashion, to fall into oblivion.
*exarmo. as. r. a. To disarm, to dismantle.
exaro, as. v. a. 1. To plough, to plough up. 2. To raise (crops) by
ploughing, by cultivation. 3. To write.
exaspero, as. v. a. 1. To roughen. 2. To exasperate, to make angry.
exauctoro, as. v. a. To discharge, to disband.
exaudio, is, Ivi, Hum. v. a. 1. To hear at a distance, to hear. 2.
To listen to (prayers, advice, etc.), to regard.
texaugeo, e>, xi, ctum. r. o. To increase.
exauguratio, onis./ Desecration, a converting to common uses.
exaugftro, ai. v. a. To convert to common uses, to desecrate.
texausploo, as. r. n. To take an augury.
texballisto, as. c. a. To subdue with the ballista, to conquer.
excaeco, M. v. a. 1. To blind. 2. § To stop up (a spring, a channel.
etc).
rexcalceo, as. v. a. To take the shoes off from, (in pott.) to take off oae's
shoes.
excalceatnj. Shoeless, barefoot.
excandescentia, se. f. An inclination to, or a beginning to feel anger.
excandesco, is, dui, no sup. r. n. 1. To be kindled, to take fin (lit
and metaph. of anger, etc). 2. To be angry, to be furious.
excanto, as. r. a. To bring out, to charm out of its place by incantations,
to charm, to bewitch.
excarnifico, at. c. a. To cut to pieces, to torture.
excavo, as. v. a. To hollow out, to excavate.
excedo, is, cessi, cessum. v. n. and a. 1. («. n.) To go out, to go away,
to retire, to depart: excessit e vita, he departed this life, he died, Ck. 2.
To go beyond, to be beyond, to project above (sine c. or c. ex and abL) :
ut primum ex pueris excessit, as soon as he passed the age of childhood,
Cic. 3. To proceed, to advance. 4. To exceed, to be excessive.
5. To depart, to disappear. 6. («. a.) To leave, to quit (c. aoc). 7.
To surpass, to go beyond, to rise above.
excellens, entis. part. fr. excello ; used also as adj. (c. compar., etc). Ex
cellent, very good, very distinguished.
excellenter. adv. Excellently, very well.
excellentia, as. f. Excellence, superiority.
excello, is, ui, no sup. r. n. 1. To excel, to surpass (sometimes sir.o. ..
dat, sometimes c. prep, super, and ace), to be excellent, eminent, dis
tinguished.
excelse. adv. Loftily, in a lofty style, with a lofty spirit.
eicelsltas, atis. f. Loftiness (of spirit).
excelsus, a, am. adj. High, lofty (lit and metaph. of spirit, genius, etc).
2. Distinguished, eminent ; (n. as nibd.) high ground, a high place.
exceptio, onis./. Exception, limitation, restriction.
excepto, as. r. a. 1. To take out, to catch: exceptantque levis auras, and
they snuff the light breezes, Virg.
^exceptor, oris. m. A shorthand writer.
 EXC 177
exceptus, a, um. pari. fr. excipio, q. v.
excerno, ia, crevi, cretuin. v. a. To separate, to select.
excerpo, is, psi, ptom. v. a. 1. To pick out, to take out, to select. ".'.
To except,
excessus, us. m. 1. Departure. 2. JDeath. 3. ^Digression.
excetra, m. f. A snake, a viper ; used also as a term of reproach.
excidium. i. n., and texcidio, onis, / Demolition, destruction (esp. of
cities and buildings, but applied also to a nation).
excldo, is, cidi, no sup. v. n. [cado.] 1. To fall out, down from, from.
2. To slip out of, to escape from, to escape (as a word from the mouth, etc).
3. To be drawn (of a lot, because the lots were taken out of an urn). 4.
To pass away, perish, disappear, be lost, be forgotten : excidit ut peterem,
it escaped my recollection to ask, I forgot to ask, Or. 5. To be de
prived of, to lose (c. ex and abl.). 6. To fail.
exeido, is, cidi, cisum. v. a. [csedo.] 1. To cut off, cut out, cut down.
.2. To castrate. 3. To raze, demolish, destroy. 4. To lay waste.
5. To banish (a feeling from one's mind), to discard.
excio and ieo, is, ivi, -Ire, and iere, -citus. v. a. 1. To call out, to call
forth, to summon forth, to bring forth, or out of. 2. To rouse, to excite,
to awaken, (lit. and metaph. of feelings, tears, etc.).
excipio. Is, -cepi, ceptum. r. a. 1 . To take out, draw out. 2. To
withdraw, to exempt. 3. To rescue (c. abl. of that from which). 4.
To except, to make an exception of. 5. JTo make express mention of.
6. To catch, to receive (esp. anything falling), to take up. 7. To sur
prise, to come upon unawares. 8. To intercept 9. To come next to,
follow immediately next to, succeed. 10. To receive, to obtain, to ac
quire (esp. as glory, goodwill, etc.). 11. To hear, to overhear, to catch at
(reports, news, etc). 12. JTo take down, take down notes of, a report
of : opacam porticus excipiebat Arcton, the colonnade lay exposed to, so as
to catch, the air of the cool north, Hor.
t excipula, ortun. /)/. n. A receptacle, a vessel to catch anything.
exclsio, onis./'. A demolishing, destruction.
excltatos, a, am. part. fr. excito; used also as adj. (c. compar., etc.). Excited,
violent, vigorous (esp. of a shout, etc).
excito, as. v. a. I. To rouse up, wake up, stimulate, excite, call np.
2. To raise up, to erect, to build. 3. To kindle, to inflame (feelings,
etc.).
exclamatio, onis./ A calling out, an exclamation,
exclamo, as. v. «. and a. 1. To call out, to cry aloud, to exclaim, to make
a noise. 2. To call to, to call upon, invoke,
excludo, is, si, sum. r. a. 1. To shnt out, to exclude. 2. +To beat
oat 3. To separate. 4. To hatch. 5. To except, to remove.
6. To shut out (from doing a thing, i. e.) to hinder,
rexclusio, onis./ A shutting out, exclusion,
excoctus, a, tun. part. fr. excoquo, q. v.
excdgltatio, onis./ A thinking out, a contriving, a devising,
excogito, as. v. a. 1. To think out, to contrive, to devise. 2. +To
select.
excolo, is, ui, cultum. v. a. 1. To cultivate, improve by cultivation.
_'. To improve, polish, bring to perfection. 3. §To honour. Lanas ex-
colniase rudes, to work up the rough wool,
excoquo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1, To boil up. 2. Purify. 3. To dry
up. 4. To harden. S. To ripen. 8. +To devise.
exeorsj, dis. adj. Heartless, i. e. senseless, silly, stupid,
texcrementum, i. a. Refuse, excrement of any kind.
;excre»co, is, evi, turn. v. ». To grow up, to rise up, to grow large,
excretns, a, um. 1. (part, of excresco.) JGrown larger, grown up (of
young animals). 2. (parr, of excerno.) Selected,
texcruciabllis, e. adj. Deserving torture.
178 EXC—EXE
excrucio, as. v. a. 1 . To torture. 2. To torment, to Tex, to anncy
severely,
excfibiaj, bum. pi./. 1. +A lying abroad all night. 2. Watching as
a sentinel, etc. (prop, by night, but also by day). 3. The sentinels.
excubltor, oris. m. A sentinel, a guard, a watchman.
excubo, as, ui, ltuni. v. n. 1. To sleep out of doors. 2. To watch,
keep watch, as a sentinel or guard. 3. To be on the alert, to be
vigilant : (Cupido) Chise excubat in genis, is always reposing in (or
on the watch in) the cheeks of the Cbian damsel.
excSdo, is, di, sum. v. a. 1. To strike out (sparks from flint, etc).
2. To make by beating (statues, etc.), to forge. 3. To form, to shape,
to mould into shape. 4. To compose.
exonlco, as. v. a. To trample down, so as to make firm and hard.
excultns, a, urn. part. fr. excolo, q. v.
■fexcuratus, a, um. part, of excuro. (tnui.) Attended to, delicate.
excurro, is, ri, rsuni. v. n. 1. To run out, run forth, to hasten forward.
2. I'o sally out, to make a Bally, to make an excursion. 3. To project,
to extend. 4. To move freely, so as to display oneself. 5. (In ;.»i.
part.) To traverse : cum sententia pariter excurrere, to keep pace with the
meaning, Cic ; ne oratio longius excurrat, that the speech be not too
prolix.
excursio, 6nis. ./.', and excursus, us. m. 1 . A moving forward, a running
forward, or forth. 2. A sally. 3. An incursion, an inroad. 4. JA
digression : prima oration is excursio, the first commencement (or tally) of
the speech, Cic
excursor, oris. »«. 1. A scout, a spy. 2. A skirmisher.
excusabilis, e. adj. Excusable, pardonable.
Jexcusate. adv. In an excusable manner.
excusatio, onis. /. An excuse, an excusing of oneself, a plea.
excuso, as. v. a. 1. To excuse a person to another, i. e. allege an excuw
for, allege in excuse of, to apologise for. 2. To plead in excuse. 3. (In
past.) To be excused (of a person).
excutio, is, cussi, oussum. v. a. I. To shake out, to shake off, to shake
down, to throw off (as a horse throws his rider, etc.). 2. To drive out,
force out, beat out, to drive away. 3. To send forth, to hurl, to throw, u
toss about. 4. To shake off, discard, to put away: excussus pntria, ba
nished from my country, Virg. 5. (To shake so as) to examine thoroughly,
sift, inspect: ut me excutiam atque egrediar domo, id restat, it only remains
for me to take myself off and quit the house, Ter. ; excusso lacerto, with
one's arm stretched out, Ov.
+exdorsuo, as. v. a. To take out the backbone.
exedo, edis and es, edi, esum. r. a. 1. To eat up, devour, consume,
destroy. 2. To corrode (metaph., as care, sorrow, etc.).
exedra, 89. / [^e'Jpa.] A hall furnished with seats for discussion.
exedrium, i. ». A sitting-room,
exemplar, iris, and fexemplare. n. 1. A pattern, model, example.
2. A copy, a transcript. 3. An image, a likeness.
exempltun, i. n. 1. A sample. 2. A pattern, model. 3. A copy,
a representation, a likeness. 4. A copy, a transcript 5. An example,
(often esp. a warning example: more et exemplo populi Romani, Recording
to established custom and precedent among the Romans, Ca». ; scribere
bis uno exemplo, to write two letters of the same purport, Cic
exemptus, a, um. part pass. fr. eximo, q. v.
texentero, as. r. a. le{«T€p(f«.] 1. To empty. 2. To torture.
exeo, Is, ivi, Hum. v. n. 1 . To go out, to go forth, to go away from, to
depart from, to leave (a place, not a person) ; c. abl., or c ex or ab and
abl. 2. To come out (as a lot out of a balloting um, etc), to march out.
3. To flow out (as a river flows or falls into the sea). 4. To escape
from, to escape. 5. To end, to result, to turn out (of an event, or of
anythirg made). 6. To end, to expire (of time, a period of office, etc).
 EXE—EXI 179
7. §(As e.o.) To go beyond, pas* over (c. ate), to exceed. 8. §To avoid,
evade, ward off: qui Be dixerit exisse in terrain, who said he had landed,
C'ic. ; (pass.impers.) argumentum sumebant loco non posse clam exiri, they
derived an argument from the nature of their position, that it was im
possible to quit it unperceived, Ctes.
exerceo, es, ui, Hum. v. a. 1 . To make to work, to employ, to occupy.
2. To train, to exercise. 3. To put in motion, make to move. 4. To
practise (an occupation), to indulge in (a feeling, etc): exercere judicium,
to be a judge, to administer judgment, Cic. 5. To celebrate, to solemnise.
6. To harass, to disquiet. 7. §To cultivate, to till.
exercltatio, onis. f. Exercise, practice.
t rexercltium, i. n. Exercise.
cxercito, as. v. a. 1. To exercise, to practise (another), to train. 2. To
harass, to disquiet, to trouble,
tezercltor, oris. m. A trainer.
exeTCltUB, a, am. part. pass. fr. exerceo, q. v. : finem tarn exerci t:c militia;
orabant, they requested a termination of such a laborious service, Tac.
exercitus, fki. m. 1. + Exercise. 2. An army, sometimes a land army
(as opp. to a fleet); also infantry (as opp. to cavalry). 3. A flock, a
crowd.
texesor, oris. m. An underminer.
cxesus. a, am. part. it. exedo, q. v.
exhalatio, onis. f. Exhalation, vapour,
exhalo, as. r. o. 1. To exhale, to breathe forth. 2. To get rid of.
3. (As r. n.). To steam, to smoke: animam, or vitam exhalo, to die, Virg.Ov.
exhaurio, Is, si, stum. v. a. 1. To draw out. 2. To empty by draw
ing out, to exhaust. 3. To drink up. 4. To drain, to impoverish.
5. To take away, to carry off (as plunder). 6. To bring to an end, to
exhaust ; to discuss thoroughly. 7. To endure to the end. 8. To
accomplish, to execute fully. Exhaustis deinde tectis ignera injecit, then
be set fire to the bouses when they were completely pillaged, Li v.
'exheredatio, onis./ A disinheriting.
exctredo, as. r. a. To disinherit.
exheres, edis. m.f. A disinherited person.
exhJbeo, es, ui, itum. v. a. 1. To hold out, to present, to tender. 2.
(more usu.) To exhibit, to show, to display, often to show oneself (such an
one). 3. To render. 4. To cause, to occasion. 5. §To utter :
in non exbibitis ton's, in unlawful beds, Ov.
exhilaro, as. c. a. To gladden, to render joyful.
exhorresco, is, rui, no sup. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To tremble, to shudder,
(esp. with fear). 2. (v. a.) To tremble at, to dread.
exhortatio. onis. /. An exhortation, a speech of encouragement.
exhortor, aris. v. dtp. To exhort, to encourage.
txigo. Is, egi, actum, r. «. 1. To drive out, to thrust out, to expel, to
drive. 2. §To pour out (as a river pours its waters into the sea). 3.
To drive, to force (a sword into a person, &c.). 4. To hiss off. 5. To
demand, to require, to exact. 6. To examine, to measure (c. ad and
ace. of the standard), to consider, to meditate on. 7. To sell, esp. to
export. 8. To Bpend, to pass (time, life, etc.). 9. To conclude, com
plete, bring to an end or completion.
exitjne. adv. In a narrow, scanty manner, briefly.
exigultas, atis./ Littleness, shortness, smallncss.
txigaas, a, um. adj. Small, little (lit. and metaph.), mean.
exili*. e. 1. Small, thin, meagre, feeble. 2. Short Domus exilis
Plutonia, the shadowy abode of Pluto (i. e. full of shades, of ghosts),
Hor.
exilltas, atia./ Meagreness, feebleness (esp. of style, etc.), weakness.
exHIter. adv. In a feeble, meagre manner.
exTmie. adv. 1. Excellently. 2. In a singular degree. 3. With
great cordiality or eagerness (to promise).
» 2
180 EX I — EXP
exlmius, a, um. adj. [eximo.] 1. Especial, particular. 2. (More
usu.) Excellent, unusually good, brave, or skilful, very distinguished.
exlmo, is, emi, emptum. v. a. 1. To take out, take away, remove. 2.
To deliver, to rescue, to save (c. ex and abl. or c abL). 3. (Of time)
To consume, to waste, to spend the whole of (in unprofitable employ
ment).
exin, exinde. adv. Next (rarely of place, more usu. of time), then, sfter
thiil.
exlnanio, Is, Ivi, itum. v. a. To empty, to make empty, to strip (by plun
dering, etc.).
existimatio, onis. f. 1. Judgment, opinion. 2. Reputation, credit
existimator, oris. m. A judge, a critic.
existlmo, as. v. a. 1. To think, esteem, judge, consider (c. ace). '-■
To form an opinion, come to a decision about, to arrive at an estimate, it
a correct appreciation of (c de and abl). 3. To believe (that such u
the fact).
exltiabilis, e, and exltialis, e, and exltiosus, a, am. Fatal, deadly, de
structive.
-fexitio, onis./ A going out, a departure.
exitium. i. n. Destruction, ruin.
exitus. us. wi. 1 . A going out, a departure. 2. A passage by which to
go out, egress, outlet. 3. End, termination, result : humanns exitoi,
death, Cic.
exlex, egis. adj. Out of the pale of the law, regardless of the law.
■J exoculo. as. r. a. To knock the eyes out of.
exodium, in. A comic after-piece, a farce.
exSlesco, is, evi, etum. r. «. 1. To grow up. 2. To become obsolete,
to be out of fashion, to be forgotten.
exSnero, as. v. a. 1. To release from a burden, to unload. 2. To
empty. 3. To relieve (esp. by emptying or removing).
exopto, as. v. a. To wish for, to desire eagerly, to long for.
exorabuis, e. adj. To be moved by entreaties, capable of being persuaded.
texorabula, orum. n. pi Allurements.
fexorator, oris. m. One who gains the object of his prayer, a succesinil
suppliant
exordior, iris, orsus stun. v. dtp. 1. To begin (lit. a piece of weaving),
to commence.
exordium, in. 1 . A beginning. 2. An introduction to a speech.
exorior, eris, ortus sum. v. dtp. 1. To arise, to rise. 2. To spring
up, to start up. 3. To proceed from, arise from (as an effect from a cause r
exornatio, onis./ 1. An adorning. 2. Embellishment, ornament.
exornator, oris. m. One who adorns, who embellishes.
exorao, as. t>. a. 1. To adorn, to embellish, to decorate. 2. To equip,
to furnish.
exoro, as. v. a. 1. To prevail upon, persuade, appease or propitiate by
entreaty. 2. §To obtain by entreaty (sometimes c. dupl. ace).
exorsus, us. m., and exorsum, in. A beginning, a preface.
exorsus, a, um. per/, part, from exordior, q. v. (used also in pass, sense).
exortus, us. m. A rising.
exortus, a, um. part, from exorior, q. v. Having arisen.
fexos, ossis. adj. Without bones.
lexosculor, aris. i . dep. To kiss.
t+exosso, as. 1. To deprive of the bones, to bone, to deprive of strength.
2. To clear of stones (land, etc).
exostra, te.f. [^{uorpa.] A machine in the theatre, by which the interior
is exhibited to the spectators : in exostra, in public, Cic.
exosns, a, um. adj. [odi.] 1. Hating greatly. 2. JHated.
texotlcus, a, um. adj. [({«.] Foreign, exotic
expallesco, is, lui, no sup. v. n. 1 . To grow pale (esp. with fear). Z
(As if v. u.) To grow pale at, to fear.
texpalliatus. a, um. pari, of intu. Robbed of one's cloak.
 EXP 181
texpalpo, as. r. a. To obtain by coaxing or Battery.
expando, is, di, passum. v. a. 1. To spread out, to expand. 2. To
open. '3. tTo unfold, to explain.
+expapillatus, a, am. adj. Bared to the breast,
expatro, as. r. a. To squander in debauchery,
expavesco, is, pavi, no snp. v. a. To fear, to dread, to tremble,
expectfiro, as. v. a. To drive from the breast (esp. ex animo).
expeculiatus, a, um. adj. Stripped of one's property,
expedio. Is, ivi, itum. r. a. [ex pes.] 1. To extricate, disengage, set
free : (in past.) expedior, I get clear off, Virg. 2. To make easy,
facilitate, make passable. 3. To prepare, to get in readiness, to have
ready. 4. To arrange, to put in order, to set right, to put in train.
5. To explain, to relate. 6. §To hurl. (As impert.) expedit. It
is becoming, it is proper, it is serviceable,
expedite, adv. Without hinderance, readily, quickly,
expedltio, onis. f. An expedition (esp. military), an enterprise against
enemies,
expeditns, a, um. part, from expedio, q. v. ; used also as adj. (c. compar.).
1. Disengaged, ready, prompt. 2. Without baggage (of an army, etc.).
3. Lightly clothed, with garments tucked up. 4. Convenient, suitable
(of a position, place, etc.) : in expedite habere, to have ready for action,
Lit.
expello, is, p&li, pulsum. v. a. 1 . To drive out, to expel, to eject, to
banish. 2. To turn out of one's house, to put away, to repudiate.
3. To shoot (an arrow, etc).
expendo, is, di, sum. v. a. 1. To weigh out, to measure out 2. To
pay. 3. To lay out, to expend. 4. To consider, to estimate, to
meditate on : pcenam expendere, to suffer punishment, Virg. ; scelus ex-
pendisse, to have atoned for his wickedness, Virg. ; expensum, or pecuniam
expensam fero, to set down in account as paid, to charge as due : haec
pecunia necesse est aut data, aut expensa lata sit, this money must
either have been given, or set down as expended, Cic. ; quibus sine
fenore pecuniae expensas tulissent, to whom they had lent money without
interest, Liv. — The phrase is metnph. applied to other things: legio
qnam expensam tulit C. Casari Pompeius, the legion which Pompey
transferred to Cajsar, Cic.
+ expense as. v. a. To pay.
expergefacio. Is, feci, factum, v. a. 1. To awaken, to arouse, to stir up.
2. + To commit (a crime).
expergiscor, iris, -perrectus sum. «. dtp. To awake (lit. and metaph.), to
be awake, to move oneself,
texpergo, is, gi, git am. v. a. To awaken,
experiens, entis. pari, of experior ; used also as adj. (c compar. etc). 1.
Experienced, skilful. 2. §Experienced in (c. gen.). 3. Energetic.
experientia, as./ 1. A trial, an experiment. 2. Experience
experimentum, L n. Trial, experiment,
experior, iris, pertns sum. r. dtp. 1. To try, to prove, to put to the test,
to make trial of. 2. To experience (i. e. find out by trial that a thing
is such) (esp. in per/.). 3. To try, to attempt, 4. To try or test by
law, to go to law.
expers. ertis. adj. 1. Not sharing in, not privy to, ignorant of. 2.
Devoid of, destitute of, free from (usu. c gen. rarely c. abl.).
expertus, a, um. part, of experior. 1. Knowing, or having learnt, by
experience. 2. (in pan. sense) Proved, ascertained by experience,
tried.
-expetisso, is. no perf. v. a. To long for.
expeto. is, Ivi, Itum. v. a. 1. To long for, wish for, desire eagerly, to
seek to procure : expetere vitam, to seek a person's life, Cic. 2. To
require, demand. 3. tTo last all the time of. 4. (As v. ».) To mil
upon (as a misfortune falls on one) (c. in and ace), to happen.
' »3
182 EXP
expiatio, onis./. Expiation, atonement
expilatio, onis. /. A plundering, a pillaging,
expilator, oris. m. A plunderer, a pillager,
expilo, as. v. a. [pilua.] To pillage, to plunder, to rob.
expingo, is, inxi, ictum. 1. To paint, to depict 2. To describe.
expio, as. v. a. 1. To expiate, to atone for, make atonement for. 2.
To appease. Tua scelera Dii immortalea in nostras milites erpjavenmt,
the immortal Gods have exacted atonement for your crimes from oer
soldiers (i. e. have avenged your crimes on our soldiers), Cic
expiscor, iris. c. dep. To fish out (lit and metaph.), to find out
explanate. adv. Plainly, distinctly,
explanatio, onis. / 1. An explanation. 2. {Distinctness of articn-
lation.
explanator, oris. »«. One who explains, an interpreter,
explano, as. v. a. 1. To make plain, to explain. 2. {To make level
or flat
ttexplementum, i. n. That which fills up, stuffing.
expleo, es, evi, etum. v. a. 1. To fill, fill up, fill full, to occupy com
pletely. 2. To complete, make complete, make good. 3. To satisfy,
satiate. 4, To fulfil (a duty, commission, etc.), discharge, perform.
5. To complete, end, bring to a close. 6. t'fo onload (rare). Cam
ceteri centurias non explessent, as the others had not obtained the re
quisite number of votes in the centuries, Li v.
expletio, onis./. A filling, a satisfying.
expletus, a, um. part, of expleo; also as adj. Complete,
explicate, adv. Plainly, intelligibly.
explicatio, onis. f. 1. An unfolding, an unrolling. 2. Explanation.
explicator, oris, m; and/ -atrix, icis. One who explains.
explicatus, us. m. An explanation.
explicatus, a, um. pari, of seq. ; also as adj. 1. Regular. 2. Plain.
expllcltus, a, um. pari, of seq. ; also as adj. 1. Easy. 2. {Finished.
explico, as, avi and ui, atom and itum. v. a. 1. To unfold, to unroll,
to spread out, to open. 2. (In milit. lang.) To deploy, to extend, u
form in line. 3. To loosen, to smooth. 4. To extricate, to release,
to deliver. 5. To disentangle, to arrange, to regulate, to settle: si
Faberius nobis nomen illud explicat, if Faberius settles that account of
ours (i. e. pays that debt), Cic. 6. To explain, to detail, to develop
(plans, etc.): nihilo plus explicet, he will do no more good, make no more of
it (his endeavour), Hor.
explodo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To hiss off. 2. To drive oat, away.
3. To disapprove of.
explorate. adv. To a certainty, certainly, surely,
exploratio, onis./. An examination, a spying, reconnaissance,
explorator, oris. m. One who explores, a spy, a scout
{exploratorius, a, um. adj. Belonging to, given to a spy, or scout.
exploratus, a, um. part, of seq. ; as adj. Ascertained, certain, sure : pre ex-
plorato habebat, he felt sure, Cass.
exploro, as. v. a. 1. To explore, to examine, to search into, to search
out t° »eek out. 2. To spy out, to reconnoitre. 3. To try, to test,
to put to the proof. (In pott, impers.) Mihi exploratum est, I am quite
convinced.
explosio, onis./. A hissing off, a driving off.
expolio, Is, Ivx, Itum. v. a. 1. To polish (lit and metaph.) 2. To
give the last polish to, to finish. 3. To render accomplished.
expSlitio, 6nis. / 1. A polishing. 2. A plastering. 3. Polish,
ornament,
expono, is, pSsui, Itum. v. a. 1. To put out, to set out. 2. To expose.
3. To set on shore (men), to land, to disembark. 4. To unload and
land (merchandise). 5. To offer, to be ready to pay. 6. To expose,
i. e. leave unprotected. 7. To set forth, to detail, to explain.
 EXP — EX S 183
texporriffo, is, rexi, rectnm. v. a. To stretch out, to put out.
exportatio, onis./ Exportation.
exporto, as. v. o. To carry out, convey out or away, to export
expoaco, is, poposci, no sup. v. a. To beg earnestly, to request, to solicit,
to entreat (c ab and ace. of the pers. or c. dupl. accus.). 2. To demand,
to demand to have (prisoners, etc.) surrendered to one.
iexpositicius, a, on. adj. Exposed (as a foundling),
expositio, onis./. A setting forth, an explanation, a narration,
exposltus, a, nm. part. fr. expono, q. v.; also as fadj. 1. Accessible.
2. Common, vulgar.
expos tuUatio, onis./ Expostulation, complaint,
expostulo, as. r. a. 1. To require or demand earnestly, to demand to
have given up to one. 2. To expostulate with, to complain of (c cum
and abl. pen. ace rei, or do and abl.
expresae. adv. Expressly, distinctly,
expressus, a, urn. part, of seq. ; but also as adj. c. compar., etc Distinct,
clearly marked, evident 2. Distinctly articulated,
exprimo, is, pressi, pressum. v. a. 1. To press out, squeeze out to force
oat 2. To extort, to elicit. 3. To compel. 4. To raise. 5.
To represent, to portray, to make a likeness of. 6. To describe, to ex
press, to depict
exprobratio, onis./. A reproaching, upbraiding, reproach,
exprobro, at. v. a. To upbraid, to reproach, to say in terms of reproach, to
urge as a reproach to (c dat pers. ace. of the thing with which he is
reproached) : ingrato meritnm exprobrare, to reproach an ungrateful man
with one's services to him, Ov.
eipromo. is, mpsi. mptnm. v. a. 1. To bring out, forward, or forth.
2. To exhibit, to display (conduct, talents, etc.). 3. To declare, to say, to
announce.
cxpugnabllis, e. adj. That can be taken or stormed (of a fort, etc.).
expugnatio, onis./. The taking, taking by storm, etc. (of a town, etc.).
expugnator, oris. m. A taker (of towns, etc.), a subduer.
^expugnax, acta, adj. Efficacious to remove disease,
expugno. as. v. a. 1. To take by assault, to storm, to take. 2. To
conquer (even of persons, or of dispositions), to subdue. 3. To extort
(rare), t'oepta expugnare, to accomplish what one has begun, Ov.
expulsio, onis./ A driving out, expulsion,
"expulso, as. v. a. To expel, to drive out, to drive back.
expulsor, oris, m.; and/, -pultrix, Icis. One who expels, who drives away.
r^expungo, if, xi, nctum. v. a. 1. To erase, to expunge, to expunge
the name of. 2. To discharge, remove from office, disband. 3. To
reckon up.
texpurgatio, onis./ Justification, excuse.
expurgo. as. v. a. 1. To cleanse, to purify. 2. To expurgate. 3.
To vindicate, to justify, to exculpate,
texpfitesco, is, tui, no sup. v. n. To rot
txputo, aa. v. a. 1. To prune. 2. To consider, to imagine. 3.
To comprehend,
exquiro. is, quisivi, Itum. v. a. 1. To search for, seek for. 2. To
inquire, to ask. 3. To ask of, i. e. expect from. 4. To seek out,
investigate, inquire into,
exquisite, adv. 1. Carefully. 2. Exquisitely, admirably,
exqoisitni, a, tun. part. pan. of exquiro, q. v.; also as adj. (c. compar. etc.).
Carefully considered, choice, exquisite, excellent, refined, elegant
gexsacrffico, as. v. a. To sacrifice.
exsaevio, Is, ivi, itum. r. n. To cease to rage,
exsanguis. e. adj. 1. Deprived of blood, bloodless. 2. Pale. 3.
Making pale. 4. Lifeless, (mctaph. , i. e.) weak, spiritless, feeble.
•Xaareio, Is, si, turn. v. a. To patch up, to repair to mend,
exsatio, as. r. «. To satisfy, to satiate, to glut
K 4
184 EX S
s-exsatiirabilis, e. adj. That can be satisfied, that can be appeased.
fexsaturo. as. v. a. "1. To satiate, to satisfy. 2. To appease.
exscensio, onis./ A landing, a disembarkation. —See escendo.
exscindo, is, scidi, scissum. v. a. To cut out, to cut to pieces, to destroy.
exscreo, as. v. a. To hawk up, to spit
exscribo, is, psi. ptum. v. a. To write, to write out, to copy, to transcribe.
exsculpo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To dig out, to scratch out. 2. To cut
out, to carve. 3. To erase. 4. To extort
exseco, as, ui, cutum. v. a. 1. To cut out, to cat away. 2. To eas-
trate. 3. To deduct
exsScrabilis, e. adj. 1. Execrable, detestable. 2. Full of curses.
exsecratio, onis. f. An execrating, a curse,
exsecror, aris. v. dtp.; per/, pott, in act. and pate, sense. 1. To curat,
to execrate. 2. To take a solemn oath.
exsectio, onia. / A cutting out.
.texsecutio, onis./ 1. Execution, performance. 2. A discussion.
Jexsecfitor, oris. m. 1. A performer, one who accomplishes. 2. A
prosecutor.
exsequiae, arum. pi. f. A funeral procession, funeral obsequies, a funeral.
exsequialis, e. Belonging to, at a funeral.
exsequor, iris, secutus nun. v. dtp. 1. To follow, esp. to follow to the
grave, to pursue. 2. To accompany, to attend. 3. To pursue (as an
object). 4. To pursue with vengeance, to punish, to avenge. 5. To
execute, perform, accomplish. 6. To go through, fully describe, detail,
relate : jus suum exsequi, to maintain their rights, Cses.; quern locum
ipse capturus esset cogitando aut qusrendo exsequebatur, he came to a
decision, as to what part he should occupy himself, only after much consi
deration and enquiry. Liv.
exsero, is, ui, rtum. v. a. 1. To put forth, to thrust out 2. JTo
shove. 3. JTo put forth, exert (a right etc.).
Sexserto, as. v. a. To put forth, stretch out
exsibllo, aa. v. a. To hiss off.
exsicco, as. v. a. 1 . To dry up, to make dry. 2. To drain, to empty
(a bottle). 3. §To drink up : to drink ; part. pass, exsiccatua, dry
(in style), meagre.
exsigno, aa. v. a. To write down, to record.
exsllio, la, ui, sultnm. v. n. To leap out, leap forward, spring forth, start
up.
exsilium, i. n. 1. Exile, banishment 2. A place of exile. 3. *(In
pi.) Banished persons, persons in exile.
-hexsinceratus. a, urn. adj. Corrupted, beaten.
exsisto, is, stiti, no sup. v. n. 1. To step forth, come forth, emerge.
2. To arise, to spring (as from a cause, etc.). 3. To exist, to be.
exsolvo. is, vi, solutum. v. a. 1. To loose, to unloose, to untie, unbind,
ungird. 2. To open. 3. To dissolve, to melt 4. To set free, to
release, to deliver. 5. To pay (a debt), to repay (an obligation), to
suffer (punishment). 6. To fulfil (a duty, a promise, etc.). 7. *T.»
lay aside, to disclaim. 8. tTo explain, to solve.
exsomnis, e. adj. Sleepless, awake, wakeful.
exsorbeo. es, ui, ptum. e. a. To suck up, to drink, to swallow up, to drain
to the dregs.
exsors, tis. adj. 1. § Without casting lots. 2. Not won by easting
lots, selected, choice. 2. Having no share in, deprived of, destitute of,
without, free from (c gen.).
exspatior, aria. r. dtp. To wander at large, to stray or rove freely, o:
over a wide extent of ground.
Jexspectabllis, e. That may be expected.
exspectatio, onis. f. An expecting, expectation.
exapccto, aa. v. a. 1. To look out for, to expect, to await 2. To
anticipate, to look forward to (with desire). 3. To wait 4. §To
 EXS 135
have need of (pass, impers.): exspectari diutius non oportere quin ad castra
iretnr, [saying] that they ought not to delay any longer before going to
attack the camp, Cses.; non exspectandum silii statuit dum .... perve-
iiircnt, he thought he ought not to wait till they arrived, Caes. ; quid
bostes consilii caperent exspectabat, he waited to see what plan the enemy
would adopt, Cats.
exspectatus, a, tun. part, of seq.; also as adj. (c. compar., etc.). Longed
for, looked for, welcome : exspectati ad amplissimam dignitatem fratres fui
your brothers who were expected to arrive at the highest dignity, Cic-
ante exspectatum, before it is expected, Virg. ...
§erspergo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To sprinkle. 2. fTo disperse, to
spread.
ezspes. adj. only in nom. sing. m.f. Without hope (sometimes c gen.).
exspiratio, onis./ Exhalation.
exspiro, as. «. a. and a. 1. (t>. a.) To breathe out, breathe forth, exhale.
2. To send forth : ammam exspiro, to die, Ov. 3. (r. n.) To rush
forth, pour forth (as flames, etc.). 4. To expire, to die, to become
extinct.
exspolio. as. v. a. To spoil, to pillage, to plunder.
exspuo, is, ui, atom. t>. a. To spit out, to spit, (metaph.) to eject, to
expeL
Sexsterno, as. c. a. To drive beside oneself, to terrify.
texstlllo, as. v. n. To drop, to drip, to trickle out
exstlmulator, oris. m. An instigator, an exciter.
exstimulo, as. v. a. 1. To spur on, to stimulate, to excite. 2. To
hasten.
exstinc tio, onis, f. Extinction, annihilation.
exstinetor, oris. m. An extinguisher, a destroyer.
exstinquo, U, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To put out, extinguish, quench.
2. To kill, to destroy, to annihilate, eradicate, get rid of, put an end to.
3. To undo, to ruin.
exstirpo, as. e. a. To pluck up by the roots, to root out, to extirpate, to
eradicate.
exsto, as, stlti, no sup. v. n. 1. To stand out, or forth, to project, to
be prominent: cum capiti solo ex aqua exstarent, when they had only
their heads above water, Cass. 2. To be extant, to appear, to exist,
to be;—(as imperi. exstat), it is certain, it is notorious,
exstrnctio, onis./. 1. A building up. 2. A structure.
txstroo, is, xi, ctnm. o. a. 1. To heap up, to pile up. 2. To load
(tables), to fill (baskets, etc.). 3. To raise up, to build, to erect.
4. To fill with buildings. 5. To put together, to construct.
exsudo, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. ».) To exude. 2. (v. a.) To sweat
out, to discharge by sweating. 3. To perform with labour : dignum
certamine quod ingens ex sudandnm foret, worthy of the great struggle
which would have to be undergone, Liv.
exsngo. is, xi, etom. v. a. To suck out.
ersul, ftlia. m./. 1. An exile, a banished person. 2. §(As adj.) De
prived of.
exsulo, as. r. n. To be banished, to live in exile.
texsultatio, onis./. Exultation, excessive joy.
exsultim. adv. Frisking about.
exstilto, as. v. n. 1. To leap, to leap up, leap about (esp. in play, or
with joy). _ 2. §To rise high (of inanimate objects, of bubbling water,
the waves in a storm, etc). 3. To gambol, to dance about, to move
freely, to run riot. 4. To exult, to rejoice greatly.
Jexsuperabllis, e. adj. That may be overcome, or surmounted.
exjuperantia. as./. Great eminence, superiority.
exsaperatio, onis./ Exaggeration.
exsipiro, as. c. n. and o. 1. (v. n^ rare) To mount up, to appear high
186 EX S—EXT
up. 2. (v. a.) To rise above, to overtop. 3. To surpass, to excel,
to exceed. 4. To overcome, to overpower.
exsurdo, as. r. «. To deafen, (metaph.) to blunt the acuteness of.
exsurgo, U, surrexi, no sup. r. *. To rise, to rise np, to atand up, to raiae
oneBelf.
exsuscltatio, onis. /. An awakening, an arousing.
exsusclto, ai. v. a. 1. To awaken, to arouse. 2. To stir up, to excite.
.'(. To kindle (lit and metaph.).
exta, drum. pL n. The entrails of slain animals.
extabesco, is, bui, no sup. e. n. To waste away, to decay, (metaph.) to
become obsolete, to disappear.
textaria, e. adj. Belonging to the cooking of entrails.
extemplo. adv. Immediately, straightway, at once: qunm extemplo, =ei-
templo quum, immediately that, as soon as, Plaut
JextempSralis, e. adj. Extemporary, extemporaneous.
Jextemporalltas, atis. /. The faculty of extemporising.
extendo, is, di, torn. c. a. 1. To stretch out, spread out, extend. 2.
To extend, to increase, enlarge. 3. To prolong, to continue (e. is or
ad and ace of the time till when) : totoque extenditur antra, and he
stretches himself over the whole cave, Virg. ; ut pauperes supra vires as
extendant, that the poor may exert themselves beyond their power, Liv.
t§extento, as. t>. a. 1. To extend. 2. To exert.
extentus, a, am. part. pats, from extendo (used also as adj. c compar. etc).
1 . Wide, extensive. 2. Tight
extenuatio, onis. f. A lessening, a diminution, extenuation.
extenuo, as. t. (i. 1. To make thin, to lessen, to diminish, to reduce. '-.
To lessen in speaking of, to depreciate, to extenuate.
externa, a, nm. (very rare in nom., comp. exterior, super!, extremist, q. v.
and extlmus.) 1. What is outside (esp. compar. outer, and in superL
outermost). 2. Foreign, strange.
exterebro, as. r. a. 1. To extract by boring. 2. To extort.
extergeo, e», si, sum. r. a. 1. To wipe clean. 2. To strip, to pillage.
extermino, as. v. a. [ex terminus.] 1. To drive away, to *»"»ifn, to
expel. 2. To put aside, to remove.
externus, a, am. adj. no compar. 1 . Outward, external. 2. Foreira,
strange. 3. J Hostile.
extero, is, trivi, trltum. r. a. 1. To rub out, to rub away or off, to re
move by rubbing. 2. To crush.
exterreo, es, ui, Itum. v. a. 1. To frighten, to terrify. 2. To make
fierce.
fextexo, is, ui, xtum. r. a. To cheat.
extlmesco, is, mui, no sup. v. n. To fear greatly, to dread (pass, inyws.);
[they thought] posse extimesci, si . . ., that there was room for fear, if..,
Tac.
extispex, Icis. in. [exta specio.] A soothsayer who divines from the in
spection of entrails, a diviner.
Jextisplcium, i. n. An inspection of entrails for the purpose of divination.
extollo, is. (for perf. see effero.) v. a. 1. To lift up, to raise up, to elevate,
to raise. 2. To exalt. 3. +To erect, to build. 4. tTo defer.
extorqueo, es, rsi, rtum. e. a. 1. To wrest from, to force from. S.
To wrench, to dislocate. 3. To torture, to break with torture. 4. To
extort, to obtain by force, to force from or out of.
extorris, e. adj. Driven out of the country, banished.
-f-extortor, iris. m. An extorter.
extra, adv. and prep. (c. ace) 1. (adv.) Outside, on the outside, with
out. 2. Extra quam. Besides that, except that 1. (prep.) Out
side of, beyond. 2. Beside, besides, in addition to.
extraho, his, xi, ctum. v. a. 1 . To draw out, to drag out 3. To
draw forward, to drag forth, to draw, to drag. 3. To extricate, to re
lease. 4. To remove, to take out from. 5. To protract, to prolong.
 EXT-FAB 187
extranens, a, um. adj. 1. External, extraneous. 2. Strange, i. e.
not related to.
extraordlnarius, a, um. adj. Extraordinary, out of the usual course,
extranus, a, um. adj. 1. Extrinsic, external, extraneous. 2. Strange,
not bound by any relationship.
extremitas, atis. f. Extremity, end, circumference.
est reruns, a, um. tuperl. of exterus, but used in independent sense. 1.
Outermost, furthest, most distant, most remote. 2. Utmost, extreme.
3. Latest, last. 4. Highest, greatest, most excessive. 5. Lowest,
meanest : extrema fames, the extremity of famine, Caes. ; in extremis suis
rebus, in the greatest extremity of his affairs, Caes. ; ad extremum, to the
end, to the last, at last. — gextremum. (as adv.) 1. For the last time.
2. At last,
extrico, as. r. a. 1. To disentangle, to release. 2. To clear up, to
unravel : nummos unde unde extricat, he hunts up money where he can,
Hor.
extrinsecus. adv. 1. From without 2. On the outside.
extritos, a, um. pan. pari, from extero, q. v.
extrudo, is, si, sum. p. a. 1. To thrust forth, to drive out or away, to
keep out. 2. To put off (i. e. to sell). 3. f§To push aside, to
supplant.
*extnmeo, es, ui, no sup. t>. n. To swell up.
extundo, is, tudi, tusum. v. a. 1. To beat out, strike out. 2. To
strike out (i. e. to devise, to invent, to contrive). 3. To drive away,
expel. 4. +^To extort,
extuxbo, as. v. a. 1. To drive away, to banish. 2. To disturb.
exubero, as. r. n. To be abundant, to abound in, to be full, to overflow,
exulcero, as. v. a. 1. To ulcerate. 2. To aggravate, to make worse,
jexululo, as. v. n. and a. 1. To howl, to shout. 2. (esp. in pass.) To
invoke with wild howlings or shouts,
exundo, as, v. n. To overflow, to abound, to be abundant.
+exungo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. To anoint,
exao, is, ui, Stum. v. a. 1. To put off (clothes, arms, etc.), to lay aside,
to shave off. 2. To strip, uncover, lay bare, to bare. 3. To strip off,
deprive, despoil of. 4. To discard, throw off, divest oneself of (habits,
feelings, etc., v. exutus).
f exurgeo, es, si, no sup. v. a. To squeeze out
exftro, is, ussi, ustum. v. a. 1. To destroy with fire, to burn. 2. To
scorch, to dry up. 3. To bum out, so as to remove (a disease, etc).
exustio, onis. / A burning, scorching,
exutus, a, um. patt. ft. exuo. 1. Stripped off (of the clothes, etc.).
2. Stripped of (of the person undressed) : unum exuta pedem vinclis, with
one foot unshod (lit as to one foot bare of the things which bound it),
Virg.
exuviae, arum. pi./. Anything stripped off (as clothes, arms, etc.), spoils :
positis novus exuviis (coluber), (the snake) renewed by the shedding of
his skin, Virg.

F.
Faba, S9. /. A bean : istsec in me cudetur faba—(a proverb), I shall suffer
for that, Ter.
fabalia, e. adj. Of or belonging to a bean,
fabella, ae. /. 1. A short story, a short narrative, a fable. 2. A short
play,
fiber, bri. m. A worker in any hard material (stone, wood, metal, but esp.
188 PAB-FAC
the last), a workman, an artisan, an artist, a carpenter, a smith. '-. (is,
the army) Working men, engineers (as opp. to the fighting soldiers.)
3. A John dory.
§f&ber, bra, brum. adj. Skilful, workmanlike, ingenious.
tfabre. adv. Skilfully, in a workmanlike manner.
fabrefacio, Is, feci, factum, v. a. To make skilfully.
fabrlca, 89./ 1. A workshop. 2. The trade of an artisan (see faber).
3. Anything made, a fabric. 4. +A trick, a stratagem : picture et f»-
brica, painting and architecture, Cic.
fabricatio, onis./ 1. A making, a construction according to rules of art
2. Elegance of structure, of construction.
fabricator, oris. m. A maker, builder, contriver.
fabrlco, aa. e. a., and in prose more usu. fabrlcor, aril. t>. dtp. 1. To
make (esp. of wood, stone, or metal), to build, to construct. 2. To
forge (weapons). 3. To form, to fashion : ii qui signa fabricantur, ttata-
aries, Cic
fabrilis, e. adj. Of an artisan or artist (see faber) ; (a. pi. aa tuUt.) the
tools of an artisan.
tabula, is. / [for.] 1. A narrative, an account, a story. 2. A fic
titious narrative, a story, a tale, a table. 3. A play. 4. Conver
sation (in prose usu. in pi.); tabula, nee sentis, tota jactaris in urbe, yea
are, without knowing it, the common talk of the whole city, Ov. ; qua hoc
est tabula, what business is this ? Plaut. ; tabula; Manes, the shades below,
mere fabulous beings, Hor.; de Varrone loquebamur; lupus in fabula, veait
enim ad me, we were talking of Varro; talk of the devil, for in he came,
Cic.
tfabula, 83./ A bean.
^tabulator, oris. m. A teller of stories.
fabulor, axis. v. dtp. 1. To say, to converse. 2. To talk idly or in
correctly.
fabulosus, a. urn. adj. 1. Celebrated in story. 2. JFabulous.
facesso, is, Ivi, Hum, v. a. I. To do, to perform, to execute. 2. To
cause, to occasion. 3. (as r. n.) To depart, retire.
facete. adv. 1. fNeatly. 2. Wittily, facetiously.
facetise, arum. pi. / Wit, witty or clever conduct, witty sayings, pleasantry,
facetiousness, humour ; — (in sing.) hssc facetia est, that is a good joke,
Plaut.
facetus, a, am. adj. 1. f Elegant 2. § (rare) Courteous, well-man
nered. 3. Witty, humorous, facetious.
facies, ei.f. 1. The general appearance, shape, figure. 2. Face, coun
tenance. 3. §A beautiful face, beauty. 4. External form, aspect,
appearance, condition (of inanimate things). fi. JA pretext : senatus
faciem legatus secum attulerat, for the ambassador bore with him the cha
racter of (or, represented) the senate, Cic; verte omnes tela in faciei, try
every expedient, Virg.
facile, adv. 1. Easily, without difficulty or danger: facile doctisaimus,
easily (i. e. without any rival), by far the most learned man, Cic 2.
Readily, willingly.
facilis, e. [facio.] 1. Easy (in every sense), not difficult. 2. Well
adapted, suited to, (or of persons) inclined to (c dat). 3. Ready,
quick (of natural talents). 4. Easy tempered, affable, courteous, kind,
favourable (of persons, rarely of events): facilis in mea vota Deos, the
Gods favourable to my vows, Ov.; cum exitus haud in facili essentastbe
departure was not easy, Liv. ; facilis sasvitia, an asperity easily changed
into good humour, placable, Hor.; facile lutum, clay easy to work, ductile,
Tib. ; facile jugum, a yoke easy to bear, Prop,
facilitas, atis./. 1. Ease, facility. 2. Inclination, tendency (towards a
thing), capability (of doing something). 3. Courteousness, affability,
kindness, readiness to oblige, good nature. 4. {Fluency, facility of ex
pression.
 FAC — FiEX 189
flclnoronis, a, um. adj. Capable of, guilty of great crimes, wicked, vil-
lanous.
f&clnus, iris. a. A deed, an action, (when used by itself) a bad, atrocious
action, an atrocity, a crime ; sometimes (more rarely) daring or splendid
action ; but in this sense always joined with an epithet to show its cha
racter: facinusque excussit ab ore, and she dashed the instrument of crime
(i. e. the poisoned cup) from her mouth, Or.
ficio. Is, feci, factum, tinner, fie and gface ; pass, fio, fis, factus sum,
fieri, irr. v. a. 1. To do, to cause, to bring to pass, to effect, to pro-
dace. 2. To make, to prepare, to build, to construct. 3. To render
(of such and such a character). 4. To value, to regard ; chiefly in such
phrases aa te quotidie pluria facio, I esteem you more every day, Cic
4. To perform (esp. religions rites, sacrifices, etc.) (c. ace of the rites or
sacrifices). 6. To represent (in a book, etc): in eo libro ubi se exeuntem
e senatu facit, in the book where he represents (or introduces) himself aa
coming out of the senate, Cic 7. To pretend (rare). 8. To suppose,
to grant (in discussion, esp. in imper.): fac animos non remanere post mor
tem, allow that the soul does not exist after death. Cic. 9. To practise
(a profession, trade, etc). 10. To acquire, to procure (for oneself).
11. To suit (c. ad and ace). 12. (c. cum and abl.) To agree with,
take part with, to be on the side of: cum de te Minos fecerit arbitria,
when Minos has pronounced his decision on your case, Hor. ; praetorea con-
soli arbitrium fecerunt, the praetors left the decision to the consuls,
Liv.; facio certnm (see certns): oramns ut nobis pugnandi copiam facias,
we entreat yon to give us an opportunity of fighting, Liv. ; cum modura ira»
nullum facere t, aa he aet no bounds to his anger, Liv. ; multi naufragin
fecerunt, many suffered shipwreck, Cic; so, damnum facio, to suffer loss,
Cic; id ei loco nomen factum, that name was given to that spot, Liv.;
antequam verbum facerem, before I said a word, Cic; in hoc foro vesti
gium facere, to walk in this forum, Cic; cui nova consilia fort una sua
possit facere, to whom his fortune might suggest new plans, Liv.; quid hoc
nomine facias? what can you do with this man? Cic; ut fit, as is com
monly the case, Cic. ; ai quid eo factum esset, if anything had happened to
him (i. e. if he had been killed, or died), Cic; factins nihilo facit, he is no
nearer bringing it to pass, Plaut
facteon. A verbal coined by Cicero in imitation of the Greek verbals : istos
consulatus non flocci facteon, one must not regard those consulships a rush,
Cic
factio, 8nii. /. 1. +.\ doing. 2- A making, a right to make (esp. to
make a will). 3. A faction, a party, a side in politics.
(tctiosaj, a, tun. Factious, seditious: lingua factioai, mighty talkers,
Plant.
fsctlto, aa. v. a. 1. To be in the habit of doing, to do. 2. To practise
(a trade, etc.) : quem palam heredem semper factitarat, whom he had
always publicly declared his heir, Cic
tfacto, aa. v. a. To do, to perform.
tfactor, oris. m. (in playing ball) The person who strikes the ball.
factum, i. a. A deed, an action, an act : non video facta bourn, I see not
any worka of oxen (i. e. marks of their work), Ov.
factus, a, nm. pari. pass, of facio, fio, q. v.
?facfila, a;. f. A little torch.
Seultaa, iti». / [facilis.] 1. Capability, means, possibility, opportunity
(that by which anything to be done is made easy, or without which it
cannot be done, Cic). 2. Sufficiency, abundance. 3. (In pi.) Goods,
riches, property, resources.
flcunde. adv. Eloquently.
faenndia, m. f. Eloquence.
facundua, a, am. adj. Eloquent, fluent, eloquently written.
tax, cii. /, md dim.
190 FJ1C-FAM
fiecftla, ffl./. 1. The lees of wine; sediment, dregs (of anything); (meitpb.)
the dregs of the people. 2. The brine of pickles.
faglneuB, a, am, and faglnus, a, Tim. adj. Beechen, of the beech-tret
fagua, i. / [^iryoi.] The beech-tree.
t^fala, 86. / 1. A scaffolding. 2. A pillar or tower erected at the esd
of the Circus when sham lights were represented in it.
falarica, as. /. A missile shot from a catapult.
falcarius. i. m. A sickle or scythe-maker.
falcatnj, a, tun. adv. 1. Furnished with a] scythe. 2. Shaped like a
sickle, curved.
gfalclfer, era, erum. adj. Bearing a scythe or sickle.
Falernus, a, um. adj. Of the Falemian district, celebrated for it* wist;
(n. as subst.) Falernian wine.
fallacia, at), f. Deceit, artifice, trick, deception.
fallaclter. adv. Deceitfully, fallaciously.
fallal, aois. adj. Deceitful, false, fallacious, deceptive : [homines] amicitii
fellaces, men deceiving the claims of friendship, Tac
fallo, is, fefelli (no sup. or fut. in rus, per/, pass, very rare, and pats. part,
very rare except as adj.) 1. To deceive, to dupe, to cheat. 2. To
disappoint. 3. To beguile (time, sorrow, etc.) 4. To escape tie
notice of, to escape notice, be concealed : fidem junta fefellit, though sse
waa bound by an oath she has broken her promise, Ov. ; tu faciem Qlmi
.... falle dolo, do you falsely assume his appearance, Virg. ; ana noctures
fallere terga lupo, to conceal her own form under the hide of a nightly
prowling wolf, Prop.; cineris matris fallere, to swear falsely by the ashes
of your mother, Hor.; neque ea res falsum me habuit, nor did that circum
stance deceive me, Sail.; (as impers.) non me fallebat, it did not escape cv
notice, I was not unaware, Liv.
-rfalsiellcus, a, um, and ffalslloquus, a, um. adj. Speaking falsely.
tfalsiflcus, a, um. adj. Acting falsely.
jifalslparens, entis, adj. Having a pretended father, a nominal father whs
is not the real one.
falso. adv. Falsely, deceitfully.
falsus, a, um. (part. pass, of fallo, but scarcely ever used except as adj. c
compar. etc. 1. False, fictitious, spurious, counterfeit. 2. Deceitful :
opprobria falsa, undeserved reproaches, Hor. ; (a. as subst.), falsehood.
fall, cis.y'. A sickle, a scythe, a pruning knife.
lama, a;./. 1. Common talk, common report, rumour : contra opinions
militum famamque omnium, contrary to the opinion of the soldiers, and the
expectation of every one (the general belief, founded on rumour), C,,-s.
2. Fame, reputation, credit (in a good sense; in a bad sense only in Ter.) :
neque enim specie famave movetur, nor is she influenced by any regard to
appearance or reputation, Virg.
famatus, a, tun. adj. Of ill fame, notorious, disreputable.
+Jfamellcna, a, um. adj. Famished, starving, hungry.
fames, is, / 1. Hunger, (lit. and metaph.) eager desire for anything.
2. Famine. 8. Poverty of style, of expression.
+f amlgerator, oris. m. A spreader of reports, a talebearer.
familia, SB./. 1. (very rare.) Family property, a house and all belonging
to it, a family estate. 2. A household, an establishment (esp. the whole
body of slaves in a house.) 3. A family. 4. A sect, a company, a
school of philosophy : decern dierum vix mihi familia est, I have scarcely
means of support for ten days, Ter. ; vestra sententia qua; familiaxn ducit,
your opinion, which takes the lead, is of moat importance, Cic.
familias. In the words paterfamilias, gen. patrisfimilias, materfamilias, filius
and filiafamiliaa, etc., the respective members of a family, the master, the
mistress, etc. of a house : sicut unus paterfamilias, as an individual
citizen, Cic.
familiaris, e. adj. 1. Of a household or family. 2. Domestic,
private (of affairs, etc.) : res familiaris, a man's property, Cic 3. Fa
 FAM — FAS 191
miliar with, intimate with (c. dat); (in. as suhsL), an intimate friend : fami-
liariuimtu meus, my most intimate friend, t'ic. In an animal slain for
divination, a part was looked upon as that which referred to the enemy
(Juatiiit), part was supposed to concern the nation or party sacrificing; this
Utter was familiaris, Liv. Cie.
famlliarltas, atis./ 1. Familiarity, intimacy, close friendship. 2.
X<mpl.) Intimate friends.
famlliariter. adv. Familiarly, intimately, in a friendly manner.
fimosus, a, am. adj., 1. Notorious, generally known, or spoken of. 2.
Disreputable, infamous. 3. Defamatory, libellous.
famularia, e. adj. Belonging to servants: famularia jura, laws such as a
master may impose on his servants, Ov.
famulatus, us. m. Servitude, slavery.
fam&lor, aril. «. dtp. To be a servant, to serve.
famulus, i. m.,f. famiila, 89. A servant, a slave, an attendant
Sfamiilus, a, am. adj. 1. Of a slave, servile. 2. Useful, serviceable.
fanaticus, a, tun. adj. Inspired, fanatical, enthusiastic, frantic.
gfandoi, a, tun. gerundive from for, q. v. What may be spoken, right:
sperate Deos memores fandi atque nefandi, expect that the Qods will have
a regard to right and wrong, Virg.
fan am, i. n. A temple, a shrine, a sanctuary.
far, farris. n. 1. Spelt, a kind of grain. 2. §Com.
farcio, la, si, torn. v. a. To stuff, to cram, to fill full : fartum facere ez
hostibus, to make mincemeat of the enemy, Plaut ; farta Ceres, heaped up,
abundant corn, Mart.
farina, as./ 1. Ground com, flour, meal. 2. Powder, dust: cum
fueria nostra; paullo ante farina:, though a little while ago, you wero one of
our sort. Pen.
farrago, Inii. f. ]. Mixed fodder for cattle, a mash: nostri farrago
libelli, the matter with which our book is filled, Juv.
farratos, a, am. adj. Filled with or made of corn; v. far.
fartor, iris, m. 1. A sausage-maker. 2. A crammer of fowls, a poul
terer.
fas. tmtW. I. Divine law, what is right according to the unwritten law
of nature. 2. (As n. adj.) What is right, allowable, possible : ubi fas
renum atque nefas, where right and wrong are confounded, Virg. ; fas
omne est, it is altogether right, Virg. ; fas omne abrumpit, he breaks
through all principles of right, Virg.
fascia, m. /. 1. A bandage, a band, a fillet, a girth. 2. $A streak
of cloud in the sky.
fasciculus, i si. A small packet.
ifajcino, as. r. a. To fascinate, to bewitch, to enchant.
fasciola, as. f. A small bandage.
fascis, is. m. 1. A bundle, a packet 2. A load, a burden. 3.
(In pL) A bundle of rods with an axe in the centre carried before the
consuls or chief magistrate for the time at Rome : populi fasces, the con
sulship conferred by the people, Virg. ; cum tibi tetas nostra jam cedent
fascesque submitteret, when our youth yielded to and lowered the fasces
before you, i. e. acknowledged yonr superiority, Cic
fasti, ornm. pi. m. A calendar, chronicles, annals.
fastidio. Is, Ivi, itum. «. a. 1. To feel disgust at, to loathe, to dislike.
2. To despise, to scorn : in recte factis sa?pe fastidiunt, they often take
offence at their proper actions, Cic
fastidiose. adv. Fastidiously, disdainfully, scornfully.
fastidiosus, a, am. 1. Fastidious, disdainful, scornful, squeamish. 2.
§Making a person scornful (as riches, etc).
faatidiom, i. n. 1. Squeamishness, loathing, distaste for food. 2. Dis
like, aversion, disgust 3. Fastidiousness, pride, scornful demeanour.
fastigatos, a, am. part, from fastigo, in as. 1. Sloping. 2. Pointed,
sharpened to a point
192 FAS — FAX
fastlgium, i. n. 1. A slope, a declivity. 2. A gable, a roof of a bouse.
3. A top, a summit, a height. 4. The height of rank or dignity, rank,
dignity. 5. § Depth—{in pi) : mmma sequar fastigia reran), I will touch
upon the leading event*, the heads or chief point* of the history, Virg.
Jfastosus, a, urn. adj. Proud, scornful.
fastus, a, am. adj. ; sing, only once in Or. A day on which the courts of
law were open, on which judgment could be pronounced.
faatua, ua. m. Pride, arrogance, disdainful demeanour.
fetalis, e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to fate, ordained by fate, fated. 2.
Fatal, deadly, destructive.
fat&llter. adv. According to fate.
fateor, eris, fassu* stun. r. dtp. 1. To confess, to own, to acknowledge,
to admit. 2. To betray (one's own feelings by one's countenance, etc),
to show. 3. (Once in pats, sense.) To be allowed (to be so and so).
§fatlcanua, a, urn. adj., and fatlclnus, a, am. Predicting fate, prophetic
fatldlcus, a, tun. adj. Prophetic; (n. as niijr.) a prophet.
§fatlfer, era, Jrum. adj. Dealing death, deadly.
tatigatio, onis. / Fatigue, weariness (stronger than lassitudo).
fatigo, as. v. a. 1. To tire, to fatigue, to weary. 2. To harass, to vex.
3. To importune : verbis fatigare, to reprove, Cic. ; remigio noctemque
diemque fatigant, they pass the day and night in rowing, Virg.
fatU5quus, a, tun. adj. Prophetic
fatisco, is; also ffatiscor, eris, no perf. or sup., v.n. 1. To split, to
gape, to crack, or open in cracks. 2. t+To grow weak, be weak.
fatultas, atis. / Silliness, fatuity.
latum, 1. n. [for.] 1. An answer given by an oracle, a prediction.
2. Fate, destiny. 3. (In pi) The Fates. 4. Fate (i. e. a person's let,
fortune, esp. ill-fortune). 5. Death : duo ilia reipublicas pene fata, those
two men whom I almost call the destruction of the republic, Cic
fatus, a, tun. port, from for, q. v.
fatuus, a, tun. adj. 1. Silly, foolish. 2. {Tasteless.
fauces, ium. pi. f. ; sing, only in <M. fauce. 1. The upper part of the
throat, the throat. 2. The jaws. 3. A narrow outlet, or entrance :
a narrow pass, a defile.
fauste. adv. In a fortunate manner, luckily.
Faustltas. atis. / Good fortune.
Faustus, a, nm. adj. Fortunate, lucky, successful (only of events, etc,
never of persons), favourable.
fautor, oris. m. ; and / -trix, trlcis. /. A favourer, a patron, a protector.
faveo, es, favi, fantnm. v. a. 1. To favour, to be favourable to, to
promote the interests or wishes of, to be friendly to (c dat.). 2. To
show goodwill by applauding, to applaud : favete Unguis, speak words of
good omen, or, be silent, Hor. Cic.
favilla, Be. /. 1. Ashes, embers. 2. The ashes of the dead. 3. $A
spark (i. e. that which sets fire to), a cause, origin.
Favonius, i. m. The west wind.
favor, oris. m. 1. Favour, goodwill, partiality. 2. Applause.
^ favorabilis, e. adj. Regarded with favour, popular.
favus, i. m. A honeycomb.
fax, facts. / 1. A torch, a flimbeau (torches were carried both at
weddings and funerals) : fax solennis, marriage, Ov. ; inter utramque facem.
between our marriage and our death, Prop. 2. A firebrand. 3. Tht
light of any heavenly body, sun, moon, or stars (esp. a meteor, a shooting
star). 4. Anything that kindles, inflames, excites ; a stimulus : fax
mutua, the fire of mutual love, Hor. ; dicendi faces, the fire of eloquence,
Cic. ; studii causaque faxqne mei, the cause of, and stimulus to my study,
Ov.; fax hujus belli, the firebrand, the instigator of this war, Li v. ; cat
non ad libidinem facem prsstulisti? whom have you not encouraged is
debauchery? Cic
Fim. An old form of fires, sukj. of facio, q. v.
 FEB—FEE 193
JfeMcIto, as. c. a. To have a fever.
fibriculosas, a, am. adj. Feverish.
Soris, is. /, and dim. febricula, se. / A fever.
Februirius, i. in. February.
Febraa, orum. pi. n. The festival of purification, the Lupercalia.
Seuadltas, atis. /. 1. Fruitfulness, fertility, fecundity. 2. Exuberance
(of style).
fecando, as. e. a. To fertilise, to make fruitful.
fecandus, a, am. adj. 1. Fertile, fruitful, prolific (lit. and metnph.).
2. Abundant, copious. 3. Making fruitful, making prolific.
.'el. fellij. ». 1. The gall-bladder, gall. 2. § Poison. 3. §Bitterness,
acriminv, bitter anger.
files, is. / 1. A cat 2. |-A thief.
felicitaa, atis. / 1. Happiness, good fortune, prosperity. 2. ^Pro
ductiveness.
feliciter. adv. 1. Happily, prosperously, with good fortune. 2. Auspi
ciously. 3. Abundantly.
Slir, leis. adj. 1. Happy, fortunate, prosperous, successful (of persons and
of circumstances). 2. Fruitful, productive, rich (of soil). 3. Pro
pitious, of good omen, favourable.
fiauaa, se. and dim., jfemella, se. f. A woman, a female (of animals also).
feminalia, run. /il. n. Drawers.
femlnatas, a, um. adj. Effeminate, womanish.
femlaeas, a. um. adj. Feminine, womanly, of a woman, in any way con
cerning or relating to a woman : f. amor, love for a woman, Ov. ; f. poena,
punishment inflicted on a woman, Virg. 2. Effeminate.
femur, oris, or Inns. n. A thigh.
feaebris, e. adj. Relating to usury, or to interest on money lent : res fene-
bris, the relations between debtor and creditor, Liv. ; pecunia fenebris,
money lent at interest, Suet.
feaeratio, oms.f. A lending on interest, usury.
Snirator, oris. m. A money lender, a usurer.
fiaeror, axis. r. dtp. ; also Jfenero. as. r. a. To lend on interest 2.
(Esp. in fut. pan. pari.) To drain by usury. 3. JT« lend, to supply :
neque enim beneficiura feneramur, we do not seek to make a market (or to
make money ) of an act of kindness, Cic. ; feneratum beneficium, an act of
kindness amply requited, Ter.
tfiaerato. adv. With interest.
fenestra, se.f. 1. A window. 2. A loophole (to shoot through). 3.
An opening. 4. t+An opening, i. e. an opportunity.
feaeas, a, am. adj. Of hay, made of hay.
fiaHia, ium. pi. n. A hayloft
tfialsex, ids. «., and/ fenlseca, 83. A mower, a rustic.
feaam. i. a. Hay: fenum haLet in comu, he has hay on his horns (prov. for,
- he is dangerous,—because savage oxen used to have hay fastened to their
horns), Hor.; fenum alios ait-hat esse oportere, he said the rest must be as
stupid as oxen (blockheads), Cic.
final, oris. it. 1. Interest on money lent 2. Money lent at interest,
capital (rare). 3. Interest, gain, profit.
-ffenusculum, i. n. Interest
fira, as./ A wild beast
firaelter. adv. Fruitfully, richly.
Sralis, e. adj. Of or belonging to the dead : ferales dies, the days of the
festival of the dead, Ov. 2. Funereal, mournful, dismal. 3. Fatal,
deadly; (a. pi.) fetalis, the festival in honour of the dead, celebrated on
February 10.
ferax, acis. adj. [fero.] Fertile, fruitful, productive (§ c. abl. or c. gen. of
the crop).
fercalum, i. ». 1. A litter or frame to carry spoils or images on. 2.
A dish.
o
 194 FEE
Ure. adv. 1. Almost, nearly, about (of number). 2. Usually.
ferentarius, i. m. 1. A sort of light-armed b Idler who fought with rail-
gijc weapons. 2. +An active partisan.
Feretrius, i. m. 1. A surname of Jupiter, as the subduer of enemies and
receiver of their spoils.
feretrum, i. n. 1. A bier. 2. :|: A litter or frame for carrying spoilt or
images on.
' feriae. arum. pi. f. Holidays, a festival : longse feriae, a long peace, Hor.
feriatus. a, tun. adj. 1. Keeping holiday. 2. Resting, idle : feristi t
negntiis publicis, resting from public business.
ferliiua, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to wild beasts : plnguis ferina, fat
venison, Virg.
ferio. Is, no perf or sup. I. To strike, to knock, to beat, to hit. 2.
§To cut. 3. To touch, to affect. 4. To strike so as to kill, to kill, to
slay. 5. §To cheat, to delude, to deceive. Quicura fcedus feriri in Capi-
tolio viderat, with whom he had seen a treaty made in tht Capitol (be
cause on making a treaty a victim was slain), Cic; cum balba feris annosa
verba palato, when you strike inarticulate words against youi aged palate,
i. e. speak indistinctly, Hor.
ferltas, atis. / Savageness, ferocity, wildness.
ferme. adv. 1. Almost, nearly, about (of numbers). 2. Scarcely,
hardly. 3. Very : ferme dirum tompus, a very terrible time, Cic 4.
Vsually, generally.
^ fermentesco, is, no perf. v. n. To rite as in fermentation, to swell.
1 fermento. as. v. a. To make to ferment.
fermentum, i. n. 1. Yeast, leaven. 2. A drink made of fermented
barley, beer (Virg. G. 3. 3i!0; but this interpretation is somewhat doubt
ful). 3. t Fermentation of mind (i. e. agitation, anger). 4. J A cause
for agitation or anger.
fero, fers. ttili, and I tetiili, ferre, latum, irr.v.a. 1. To bear, to
carry, to bring. 2. To move, to move forward, to advance : ccelo supines
si tuleriB manus, if you shall raise your hands upward to heaven. Hoc
3. To carry off, to take away (esp. inanimate things, as plunder): res
sociorum ferri agique vidit, he saw the allies plundered of everything
(where fero refers to the treasure, etc., carried off, ago to the cattle and
prisoners), Liv. ; alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama, others are plun
dering and stripping the burning Troy, Virg. 4. To bear, to produce,
to yield, to bring forth. 5. §To bring, to offer as an oblation. 6. To
get, to obtain, to receive (esp. as a reward) : caraque mutatis oscula ferre
genis, and to give and receive kisses alternately, Ov. ; quae vetustatem
ferunt, those which arrive at old age, Cic. 7. To bear, suffer, endure. 8.
To permit, to allow. 9. To say, relate, assert, report : ferunt, they say,
Virg. ; fertur, he is said, Hor.; non sat idoneus pugnas ferebaris, you were
not reported, or considered to be, very fit for war, Hor. 10. (Fero me,
or pass, feror) To go, to advance : cui mater sese tulit obvia, whom his
mother met, Virg. ; quo feror? whither am I going ? Ov. ; pedem a forte
tulisset, if she by chance had gone thither, Virg. 11. (As v. «.) To
incline tit opinio nostra fcrt, as my opinion inclines, Cic. (in reality pro
bably me is understood) ; si occasio tulerit, if occasion offers, Cic— Fero is
also used in a great variety of phrases. 1. Fero legem, to propose m
law, to make a law. 2. Fero 6uffragium, or seutentiam, to give a vote,
to pronounce a decision. 3. Fero ventrem, to be pregnant. 4. §Fert
animus, I desire, I intend, I wish. 5. (With an adverb, to take, or
bear a thing with such and such a temper) J^Egre, moleste, or graviter
fern, to be indignant at, to be hurt at ; levissime, or facile fero, to make
light of (all m Cic). 6. Pra? me fero, to make an open display or pro
fession of; noli quasso pra; te ferre nos plane expertes esse d'octriiiic, do
not, I pray you, state openly that we are altogether destitute of leaniinp,
Cic. 7. Expcnsum fero, to set down as paid (v. cxpendo). 8. Fero
in oralis, to be attached to, Cic.
 F EE—FES 195
ferocia, as, and ferocitas. atis. / 1. Fierceness, boldness (in either good
or bad sense). 2. Ferocity. 3. Overbearing haughtiness.
feroclter. adv. 1. Fiercely boldly (in either good or bad sense). 2.
Ferociously. 3. Haughtily, insolently.
ferox, ocis. adj. 1. Fierce, bold (in either good sense, i. e.), brave, war
like, (or in a bad sense, i. e.) savage, cruel. 2. Haughty, insolent
(sometimes c dat. of those toward whom) : linguss feroces, unbridled in
•peecb, Tac.
ferramentum, i. n. (usu. in pi.). A tool or weapon of iron.
ferrarius, a, am. adj. Of or belonging to iron, or to working in iron ; (/ as
tuift) an iron mine.
tferratUis, e. adj. Furnished with iron, bound with iron fetters.
ferratUS, a, urn. adj. Covered with, armed with, or made of iron or steel :
ferrati, men in complete armour, the heavy-armed soldiers, Tac.
ferrous, a, urn. adj. 1 . Of iron, made of iron : ferreus hastis horrct nger,
the iron field (i. e. the field full of armed men) bristles with spears, Virg.
2. Hard as iron, unyielding, fearless, pitiless, shameless, invincible : ferreus
somnus, the unalterable sleep of death (in imitation of Homer's xa^K^s
hvoi), Virg.
i-ferrlterium, i, n. A prison, a place where people wear iron fetters,
ferrugineus, a, um. adj. Of the colour of iron, or rust, dark, dusky, dark
blue.
ferrugo, Inis. / 1. JRust of iron. 2. §The colour of rust, a dark,
sometimes a rich colour. 3. §Duskiness, darkness.
ferTum. i. (no pi.). 1. Iron (lit. and metaph.). 2. §The iron age.
3. Anything made of iron—any weapon, a sword, a spear, an ax; nny tool,
a plough, a curling-iron : ferro iter aperiendum est, it is with the sword wo
must force our way, Sail. ; nee . . . ferro . . huic regna lacessent, nor shall
they harass these kingdoms with war, Virg. 4. § Anything as hard as
iron, an unyielding or unfeeling disposition.
+*ferrnmIno, as. r. a. To solder together, to cement.
fertilis, e. adj. 1. Fertile, fruitful, productive (sometimes c. gen. of the
crop). 2. Making fertile.
fertilitis, atis./. Fertility, productiveness, fm it fulness.
Sfertus, a, um. adj. Fruitful, loaded with a heavy crop.
ferula, as./ 1. The plant fennelgiant (in the pith of which Prometheus
is said to have stolen the fire from heaven). 2. A rod, a whip.
ferus, a, um. adj. 1. Wild, not tnir, not domesticated, uncivilised.
2. Savage, cruel, fierce ;(§m., and much more usu./ as subst, ) a beast, a wiU
beast.
ferrefacio. Is, feci, factum, v. a. To heat, to boil, to melt.
ferrens. entis. pari. fr. fervco ; used also as adj. c. compar. etc. Ardent,
impetuous, eager.
ferventer. adv. Impetuously, hotly.
ferveo, es, bui and tfervo, is. infin. feryere, no sup. v.n. 1. To be
Dot, to boil, to glow with heat 2. §To be agitated like boiling water, to
be in commotion. 3. To be heated with impetuosity or rage, to be agi
tated, to be warm.
tfervesco. ia, no perf. To grow hot, to become hot.
fervidus. a, um. adj. 1. Hot, fiery, glowing. 2. Fiery, warm, impe-
tuou*, vehement, eager.
terror, 8ris. m. 1. Heat, violent heat : mediis fervnribus, in the heat of
midday, Virg. 2. Warmth (of temperor conduct), ardour, impetuosity,
(in Hor. ) the heat caused by wine: cujus (maris sc.) fervore, by the un-
qu:et state of which (owing to pirates, etc.), Cic.
fescenninus, a, urn. oof;'., of Fescennia, a town of the Falisci, from which the
dopgrel verses in vogue at many of the Italian festivals derived their name,
though some doubt this derivation: Fescennina licentia, the licence of the
Fescennine verses, Hor.
fetaus, a, um. adj. 1. Weary, fatigued, tired (§ c. gen. of that by
02
196 FES — FID
which \ 2. Indisposed, diseased : imbellis mui ant fessa ietas, tie
weakness of sex (of women) or the infirmities of age, Tac.
festtnanter. adv. Hastily, hurriedly,
festln&tio. onia. / Haste (in going or doing), speed,
fettlno, ai. t>. «. and a. 1 . (r. n. ) To make haste, to haste, to go qukklr.
2. (v. a.) To hurry, to execute in haste, to set quickly about (chiefly port,
till Tac„ who often uses it in the past.).
Sfestinus, a, am. adj. In baste, hastening, quick,
festive, and tfestivtteT. 1. Pleasantly, wittily, facetiously. 2. tWul
good humour, cheerfnllv, joyously,
festlvltaa, atis. /. 1 . Gentlemanlike wit, wit, humour, (in pL) witticisms.
2. fKindness, pleasantness of temper. 3. +(A» a word of endearment)
Darling,
festivus, a, tun. adj. 1. Pleasant, delightful (of persons or their conduct).
2. Agreeable, good-bnmoured, witty, facetious, humorous. 3. tPretty.
4. tLovely, merrv, cheerful,
tjfestuca. SB./ (lit a stalk.) The rod with which slaves were touched «t
the ceremony of manumission, called also Vindicta.
festum, i. n. A festival.
festus, a, urn. adj. Of or belonging to holidays, to a festival, festive, festa! :
festa: luces, days of festival, Hor.; festa corona, a crown worn on holidays,
Ov.; festus pagus, a village keeping holiday, therefore joyous, mirthful, Her.
fetiales, inm. pi. m. A college of priests, one of whom sanctioned treaties,
when concluded, and one of whom was sent to demand satisfaction pre
viously to a declaration of war, and to declare war.
fetialis, e. adj. Of or belonging to the Fetiales.
fetura,ee./ 1. A bringing forth, a bearing young. 2. Oftpring,!
brood. .
fetus, a, nm. adj. 1. Pregnant, full of, likely to produce (as the earn ■
to produce crops, c. abl. of the offspring or crop). 2. Having brought
forth.
IStus, <U. m. 1. The bringing forth of young, the producing of crops.
2. An offspring, a brood, produce, a crop : nee ullfi aetate uberior oratoron
fetus fuit, nor was there in any age a more abundant crop of orators, Cic
t+ffber, bri m. A beaver,
flbra, ae./ 1. A fibre, a filament. 2. §Entrails (esp. of victims ahus
for purposes of divination),
fibula, B>./. A clasp, a buckle, a pin to fasten robes, etc. 2. A baud
or brace in building, to keep beams together.
Jfioeclula, SB. /. A beccafico, a figpecker.
tficidulenses, ium. pi. n. Figeaters, a comic name for soldiers, as gluttons.
1 ficosus. a, urn. adj. Afflicted with piles,
flcte. adv. Feigning, fictitiously, with pretence,
flctllis, e. adj. Made of clay, of earthenware, (». as mist.) an earthenware
vessel,
tflctio, onis./. 1. Formation. 2. A feigning, disguising, pretending.
3. An imaginary supposition.
fictor. oris, m.; and / -trix, triois. One who fashions, who shapes; s
statuary : fandi fictor Ulysses, Ulysses the ntterer of falsehood, Virg.
flctUi, a,' um. pari. fr. fingo, q. v. ; as adj. 1. Fictitious, false, pretendfd.
2. §Dissembling (of a person).
f iculucus, a, urn, and ficulnus, a, nm. adj. Of a figtree or fig.
flcus, i (more rarely its),/.; and dim. ffioula, as. I. A fig-tree. -
A fig. 3. The disease of the piles. .
fide. adv. Faithfully.
tfliloicommissum. A legacy bequeathed to one person in trust for another,
fldelia, as./. An earthen vessel : duos parietes de eadem ridel ta deal bare,
to whitewash two walls from the same pot (prov., for ours — To kill two
birds with one stone), Cic.
 FID — FIN 197
fidelis, e. adj. 1. Faithful, trustworthy, constant, sincere. 2. Loyal.
3. Trusty (as n sword, etc.), safe (of a ship).— (m. as subst.) A confidant,
fldelitas, atis.yl Fidelity, trustworthiness, constancy, loyalty.
f Ideliter, and -ffidele. adv. Faithfully, steadily, so that one can rely on (a
thing or person), surely.
fldeni, entis. pari. fr. fido; also as adj. Confident : fidens animi, with a
confident spirit, Virg.
fidenter. adv. Confidently, boldly, fearlessly.
fidentia, tt.f. Self-confidence, boldness.
fides, ei./ 1. Faith, trust, confidence, belief, credence. 2. Credit (in
a mercantile sense) : segetis certa fides meat, the sure returns of ray farm,
Hor. 3. Good faith, faithfulness, honesty, credibility, truth: perjura
fides, perjured faith, i. e. perjury, dishonesty, Hor. 4. A promise, an
engagement. 5. Loyalty, faithful allegiance. 6. The Goddess Faith.
Fides publica, fides populi Romani, the protection of the state; fidem ei
publicam jussu senatus dedi, by command of the senate I assured him of
his own safety, Cic; Lusitanis contra interpoaitam fidem intcrfectis, the
Lusitaniana having been put to death in ^ iolation of a safe conduct, Cic.
fides, is. A 1. A lyre. 2. The constellation Lyra.
fldlcen, Inii. ;«., and /. tfidlclna, se. 1. A player on the lyre. 2.
A lyric poet.
fldleUa, a. 1. A lyre. 2. J A cord used as an instrument of torture.
Fidius.— See medius.
fido, ia, fisos sum. r. a. irr. To trust, to trust in (c. dat. or alii).
fiducia, m. f. 1. Trust, confidence, an assured belief, assurance. 2.
Boldness, courage, confidence. 3. A deposit, a pledge, a security, a
mortgage.
flduciarius, a, um. adj. Deposited as security, mortgaged, pledged.
fidus. a, tun. adj. Faithful, trusty, trustworthy.
Jflgllnus, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to a potter.
figo, ia, xi, nm. r. a. 1. To fix, to fasten, to affix, to drive in. 2.
To pierce, to transfix (lit or metaph. with words).— See flxus.
tfigulus, i. m. A potter, n maker of bricks, a bricklayer.
figttra, SB. f. 1. Form, figure, shape. 2. §A phantom. 3. Quality,
kind, species : parvae figures, minute bodies, i. e. atoms, Lucr.
*f!guratio. onis. f. 1. A forming, form. 2. Imagination, fancy.
figuro. as. v. a. I. To form, to fashion, to make. 2. £To adorn.
tfilatim. adv. Thread by thread.
filia. »./, dim. filiola, se./. A daughter.
ffllcitus, a, um. adj. Adorned with figures of fem leaves.
fHius. i. dim. fillolus, i. m. A son. Terrae filius nescio quia, some low
fellow, Cic; fortunse filius, a child of fortune, a luckv fellow, Hor.
fuix,Icis./. Fern.
Hum. Li. 1. A thread : extremaque Lauso parcae fila legunt, and the Fates
pick out the last thread of life for Lausus, Virg.; aororum fila trium, the
thread of the three sisters, i. e. of Fate, Hor. 2. A fillet of wool wound
round the cap of a priest, a priest's fillet 3. A string (esp. of a lyre).
4. Texture, i. e. style. 5. tOutline, form.
fimbria, m. f. A fringe, a fringelike end.
ffmus, i. in. Dung, manure. 2. §Dirt, mud.
undo, is, fidi. fissum. r. a. To cleave, to split, to divide.
Sago, is, inii. ictum. v. a. 1. To shape, to form, to fashion, to mould, to
nuke. 2. Esp. to make a statue : Alexander a Lytippo fingi volebat, Alex
ander was willing to have a statue made of him by Lysippus, Cic. 3.
STii put into proper shape, to arrange, to train (esp. in the right way).
4, To imagine, to conceive, to suppose. 5. To contrive, to devise, to in.
vent 6. To feign, to pretend : vultum fingere, to assume a counte
nance of feigned content, Cass.
finientes, ium. pi. m. (Orbes sc) The horizon.
finio, Is, Svi, Stum. v. a. 1. To bound, to limit, to enclose within bound
03
198 FIN — FLA
aries, to mark not the boundaries of, to define. 2. To «et bounds to, to
confine, to restrain. 3. To fix, to appoint, to assign. 4. To pet an
end to, to end, to finish, to terminate : Anient, he had done speaking. Or.
Tiberiui finivit, Tiberius died, Tac
finis, is. m. arif. 1. A boundary, a limit, a border (esp. of a country).
, 2. (In pi.) The territory (c pen. or possess, adj. of the people whose).
3. An end, termination : supremus finis, death, Hor. 4. An end, object,
design, purpose. 5. The highest point: honorntn popali finis est conta-
latus, the consulship is the crowning honour of alt those conferred by tat
people, Cic 6. A definition : quern ad finem sese effrenata jat^abit as-
dacia, till what end will your unbridled audacity boast itself, i. e. when will
it cease to do so ? Cic; nullo fine, or dempto fine, for ever, Ov.
flnlte. adv. To a certain extent, within certain limits.
finltimus. a, tun. adj. 1. On tbe borders of, bordering on, neighbouring.
2. Near to, like, connected with (c dat.); m. pi as saosi., neighbours.
*finitio. onis./. A definition.
flnitor, oris. at. 1 . A land measurer, a land surveyor. 2. JOne whs
ends.
finltus, a, tun. part. fr. fi \io. Well rounded, rhythmical (of a sentence).
flrmamentum, i. n., and Jflrmamen, inia. a. 1. A support, a prop, i
The chief point (in an argument).
Jfirmator, oris. n. One who establishes, who makes firm.
firme and firmiter. adv. Firmly, steadily, securely.
firmltas. atis, and firmitudo. Inia, / 1. Firmness, strength. 1
Firmness, constancy.
flrmo, as. r. a. 1. To make firm, to make strong, to establish, to confirm,
to render durable, or permanent. 2. To encourage, to strengthen in
resolution. 3. To secure, to make sure of. 4. To aster* strenuously,
to prove.
firmus, a, um. adj. 1. Firm, tteadfatt, stable, strong, lasting, durable. per
manent. 2. Resolute, who can be relied on, firm in allegiance, trost-
worthy: firmior candidatus, the candidate who is most likely to be elected,
Cic; fundus nee vendibilis nee pascere firmus, a farm neither marketable
nor sufficient to maintain its owner, Hor.
flscalis, e. adj. Affecting the treasury: fiscales calumnias, informations, tbe
fines levied in consequence of which would go to the treasury, Suet.
flscella. ae. and fiscina, »./ A small basket of rushes.
fiscus. i. ,u. 1. A purse. 2. The public treasury, the public revenue.
3. JThe emperor's privy purse, as opp. to aerarium, the public revenue.
§flssllis, e. adj. Easily split.
flssio, onis. /. The act of cleaving.
flssus, a, am. pari. fr. findo, q. v.; n. at tubst. A cleft or slit (in the
liver of a victim slain for divination),
flstuca, ae./ A paviour't rammer or beetle,
fistula, ss./ 1. A pipe, a wnterpipc. 2. A pipe, a flute. 3. A
pitch pipe for an orator to regulate hit voice by. 4. JA pen (made of
reed).
fistulator, oris. at. A player on the pipe.
flxus, a, um. part, from figo, q. r. (At adj.) Fixed, certain, unalterable.
nabellum, i. n. A fan.
flabllis, e. Airy.
(iflabra, orum. pi. n. Breezes, winds, blasts,
flaeceo, es, and flaccesco, is, no perf. or sup. v. n. 1 . To be flabby.
2. To flag, to droop, to lose courage, to languish, to be feeble.
+ ; flMcIdua, a, tun. adj. 1. Flabby. 2. Feeble,
flaccus, a, am. adj. Flap-eared.
flagello, aa. r. a. 1. To scourge, to lash, to beat. 2. JTo keep locked
tip. Si puteal multa cuiitus vibice llagellat, if, though warned by many a
wheal (on your back), you still haunt the puteal of Libo, i. e. practise usury
 FLA— FLE 190
(for the Puteal Libonis was a spot in the forum where the usurers met),
Pers.
flagellum, i. n. I. A whip, a scourge. 2. A thong. 3. A young
twij. 4. The arm of a polypus. 5. Mens conscia adhibet
stimulos, torretque flagellis, conscience applies a goad, and scorches him
with her sting, Lucr.
flagitatio. Bnis. /. An earnest demand.
flagi:ator, oris. m. 1. An earnest demander. 2. A dun.
flagitiose. adv. Flagitiously, infamously, wickedly.
flagitiosus, a, urn. Flagitious, wicked, infamous,
flagitium, i. n. 1. A crime, an atrocity (esp. profligate debauchery).
2. Shame, disgrace : flagitia Democriti, the absurd ideas of Deniocritus,
Cic. ; ilia militirc flagitia, those shameful speeches of the soldiers, Tac.
flaglto, as. r. a. 1. To ask earnestly, to solicit, to entreat, to request,
to beg for (often c. dupl. ace). 2. JTo summon before a court, to im
peach,
fiagrans, antis. part, from flagro; also as adj. c. compar., etc. I. Hot,
burning. 2. Glittering. 3. Ardent, vehement, impetuous.
JflagTanter. adv. Ardently, eagerly.
flagrantia, ae. /. Eagerness, ardour.
tfiagritvlba, as. m. One who wears out a whip by being flogged, a worth*
less slave,
flagro, as. v.n. 1. To burn, to blaze, to be in a flame. 2. (Metaph.)
To be inflamed, to be ardent, impetuous, greatly excited. 3. To be
branded by, notorious for (c. abl.).
flagrant, i. n. A whip, a scourge.
fiamen, Inis. m. A priest of one particular Deity.
flamen, Inis. n. A blast, a breeze, a gale : (lamina tibiae, the sound of the
flute when blown into, Hor.
flamlnica, as. f. The wife of a priest,
flimimiun, 1. n. The office of priest,
flanima. se. f. 1. A flame, a blaze, a blazing light 2. (Metaph.)
Violence. 3. §A blazing torch. 4. §A fiery appearance. 5. The
flame of love, love,
iflammenm, i, and dim. flammeolum. ». A bridal veil : flammea content,
she marries many times, Juv.
flamaicus, a, tun. adj. 1. Flaming, fiery. 2. Flame-coloured, red,
glowing.
Sflammlfer, era, erum. adj. Flaming, fiery,
flammo, as. v. a. and n. I. (v.n.) To burn. 2. To inflame (lit. or
metaph. with anget ) : flammato corde, with angry heart, Virg. 3. (v. n.)
To be on fire (esp. in pres. part, flammans).
flammfila, as. / A little flume.
flatus. Us. m. 1. A blowing, a breathing. 2. A breeze. 3. Pride.
fiave-o. es. and flavesco, is. no pert or sup. r. n. To be yellow,
flavus, a, tun. adj. 1. Yellow, gold-coloured. 2. With golden hair.
Senilis, e. adj. 1. To be wept for, to be mourned. 2. Lamentable,
sad. 3. Shedding tears, sorrowful. 4. Plaintive (of a song, etc.).
fleblliter. adv. Sadly, tearfully, in a plaintive manner,
flecto, is, zi, xum. r. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To bend, to curve, to turn, to
turn round. 2. To guide, to direct 3. To bend, i. e. to prevail upon,
to move, to persuade, to influence. 4. (v. n.) To turn, to go, to march,
to direct one's course.
ileo, es, 6vi, stnm. r. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To weep, to shed tears. 2.
(r. a ) To weep for, to lament,
flatus, US. m. Weeping, a shedding of tears, tears,
sflezanlmus, a, ran. adj. 1. Moving the heart 2. Moved, affected.
fiexibilia, e. and flexllis, e. adj. Easily bent, flexible, pliable.
fiezI15quu3, a, um. adj. Expressed so that its meaning may be turned
either way, ambiguous.
o4
200 FLE — FLU
flexio, onis. /, and flexus, us. m. 1 . A bending, a turning, a winding.
2. A change, a transition, a modulating of the voice.
§flexlpes, edis. adj. With crooked feet, winding (of ivy).
fiexuosus, a, am. adj. Full of windings, tortuous.
flexure, 89. f. A winding, a turning.
§flictus, us. m. A striking, a c dlision.
flo, as. e. it. and a. 1. (p. n.) To blow. 2. (p. a.) To breathe forth, 3.
To blow into (a flute so as to play upon it, etc).
floccus. i. ni. A flock of wool, scarcely found except in pen. in the phrase,
lion flocci facere, not to regard as worth a lock of wool, i. e. not to regard
in the least, Cic.
Floralis. e. adj. Of, sacred to Flora, the goddess of flowers.
florens. entis. part. it. floreo; but used also as adj. c. compar. etc. Flourish
ing, vigorous, in the height of power, or prosperity, or beauty.
floreo, es, ni, and floresco, is. no sup. v. n. 1. To flourish (lit. and
metaph.), to bloom, to flower. 2. To be in one's prime, to be at the
height of power, prosperity or beauty, or reputation. 3. To froth up, to
ferment. 4. To abound with, to be full of.
§floreua, a, am. adj. Flowery, abounding in flowers, made of flowers.
floridus, a, um. adj. 1. Flowery, abounding ir. flowers, made of flowers.
2. (Metaph.) Blooming, beautiful (of a girl, etc.) 3. Florid, flowery
(of an orator, of style, etc.)
§tflor!fer, era, erum. adj. Producing flowers.
Sflorilegus, a, am. adj. Gathering, or selecting flowers.
flos, oris, in., dim. flosculus. i. m. 1. A flower (lit. and metaph.), a
blossom. 2. §The juice of flowers (as extracted by the bee). 3. The
prime, the best of anything, the crowning ornament of anything: flos vibe,
the prime of life, Cic: flos civium, the flower of the citizens, Cic; in ipso
Greecise flore, at the time of the most flourishing condition of Greece, Cic;
castus flos, the flower or grace of chastity, Cat. 4. Ornament, flowery
embellishment (esp. of style). Turn mihi prima genas vestibat flore
juventas, then early youth was clothing my cheeks with a budding beard,
Virg.
+§fluctTfxagus, a, um. adj. Which breaks the waves.
Sfluctiger, era, crura, adj. Home on the waves, or bearing the waves
before it.
■fflucto, as. r. n. To float, to wave, to flap.
fluctuatio, onis./. Wavering, vacillation.
flue tuo, as. p. ». ; also, more rare, fluctuor, aria. v. dep. I . To toss or be
tossed about, to move up and down (as a ship at sea). 2. To wave, to
undulate. 3. To be restless, to waver, to vacillate, to fluctuate (in
mind) .
; t ! fluctuosus, a, am. adj. 1. Billowy. 2. JStreaked.
fluctus, us. m. l.+A flowing (rare). 2. A wave, a billow. 3.
^(Metaph.) A stream (of odours, etc.). 4. (Metaph. in pi.) (political)
St this, commotions: excitabat fluctus in simpulo, ut dicitur, he was
raising waves in a ladle, as the proverb is (making much ado about
nothing), Cic.
§+fluenter. arfp. In a flowing manner, flowingly.
flaens, entis. part. fr. fluo, but with some peculiar meanings. 1. Fluent.
2. Diffuse, spreading without restraint. 3. Loose, lax, hanging loosely.
Res prospers et ad voluntatem nostrum fluentes, affairs proceeding prosper
ously and going on according to our wishes, Cic
Sfluentisonua, a. urn. adj. Resounding with waves.
Sfluentum, i. n. A stream.
fluldus. a, um. 1. Flowing, liquid, fluid. 2. Delicate, weak. 3.
§ Melting, making weak.
fluito, as. p. n. 1. To float, to swim or sail about 2. To wave, to
move with an undulating motion. 3. To hang loose, to flow loosely, to
be slack (of garments, sails, ropes, reins, etc.). 4. JTo stagger.
 FLU —F0M 201
flflmen, inis. n. 1 A stream, a river. 2. A flow of anything (of
tears, or words, etc.), fluency : secundo flumine (ire), to go down stream ;
adverse flumine, up stream, both in Cic
Sfl umlneus, a, tun. adj. Of a river, belonging to, living on a river.
fluo, is. xi, mm. v. n. 1. To flow (lit. and metaph). 2. To drip, to
ran down. 3. To fall away, to fall off, to vanish, to disappear. 4.
To become liquefied, to melt. 5. To become softened, effeminate. 6.
To flow on, to proceed, to flow forth (c. ab or ez and abl), to proceed
from : omnis turba fluit castris, all the band pours forth from the camp,
Virg.; Pythagoras doctrina cum longe lateque flueret, as the doctrine of
Pythagoras was spreading extensively, Cic; ne fluat oratio, that the speech
be not too diffuse or rambling, Cic.
tfluto. as. r. a. To flow.
fluvialis, e, and fluviatilis, e. adj. Of a river, nn a river.
t§fluvldus,' a, am. adj. Flowing, liquid.
flavins, i. m. A river, a stream.
fluxio, onis./. A flowing, a flow, an overflow.
»fluxus, &s. m. 1. A flow, a flux. 2. A passing away (of time).
flozos, a, um. part. pais. fr. fluo ; used as adj. 1 . Flowing, loose, hang
ing loosely (of garments, reins, etc.). 2. Lax, dissolute. 3. Weak.
4. Frail, perishable, not to be trusted, uncertain. 5. In disorder.
focale. is. n. [fauces.] A neckcloth.
focus, L hi., and dim. foculus, i. m. 1. A fireplace, a hearth. §any place
in which a fire is placed, a funeral pile, an altar, etc. 2. A brazier, a
chafing-dish. 3. A person's home : unius cujusque vestrum sedes, ara\
foci, Dii penates, the dwelling, and altar, and home, and household Gods of
each individual among you, Cic; agellus habitatus quinque focis, a little
farm dwelt on by five families, Hor.
Sdlco, as. v. a. 1. To give a push to : qui fodicet latus, to jng my side,
Hor. 2. To press upon, to irritate.
fodio. Is, fodi, fossam. r. a. 1. To dig, to dig up (ground, or what is
found in the ground), to dig out (a foundation, a hole, etc). 2. To
prick, to goad, to spur, to pierce. 3. To penetrate, or cut through (the
waters, etc.).
tads. win. 1. Foully, disgracefully. 2. Cruelly, wickedly.
fcederatus, a, um adj. Confederate, allied, leagued together.
foMlfragiis, a. urn. adj. Breaking treaties, perfidious.
fceditas. atis. /". 1. Foulness, vilencss, horrid appearance or character.
2. Ugliness.
fasdo, as. v. a. To foul, to bef ml, to defile, to pollute, to disfigure.
fodus. a, am. adj. 1. Foul, filthy, vile, unseemly. 2. Abominable,
disgraceful, shameful. '
fosdus, iris. n. 1. A league, a treaty. 2. A compact, an agreement,
a covenant : thalami quoque foedtre jungit, he joins them also in the
contract of marriage, Ov. ; fcedere certo, according to fixed rules or laws,
Virg.
foeteo, es, no perf. or sup. v. n. To stink, to be fetid,
foetidus, a, um. adj. Fetid, stinking,
fator, oris. m. A stench, a stink, a bad smell.
Cfoliatum, i. «. An oil or unguent made of spikenard.
Tfoliltus, a, um. and +f51iosus, a, um. adj. With leaves, leafy,
folium, i. n. A leaf: folium Sibylla?, an oracle of the Sibyl (because she
wrote them on leaves), Juv.
follkulus, tm. 1. A small bag or sack. 2. J A ball to play with.
3. t A husk or shell (even an eggshell).
follis, is. m. 1. A pair of bellows. 2. A ball to play with. 3. £A
purse : cavi folies, cheeks puffed out like a football, Juv.
tfollliim. adv. By moneybags.
fdmeutum, i. a. ]. A warm lotion, a fomentation. 2. A bandage.
3. A mitigation, an alleviation. 4. That which nourishes, nourishment.
J02 FOM — FOR
timet, Itil. n. [foveo]. Touchwood, tinder.
fons, tis. m. 1. A spring, a fountain. 2. §Springwater, water. 3.
A fountainhead, source, or origin (of anything) : vini font, a stream of
wine, Hor.
font&nus, a, urn. adj. Of or from a fountain or spring.
fonticulua, i. m. A little spring or fountain,
for, fans, fatus sum (only found in a few tenses and persons, — 2nd and Srf
sing. pres. indie, 2nd sing, intper., in tin., and part. pre*, in some of the oblique
cases, pi-rf. sing., and 1st sing. fut. indie., grr. in di and do), r. dtp. 1.
To speak. 2. To say. 3. To speak of, to celebrate : fare age, come
tell me, Virg.; fando, by report, Cic, Virg.
; f orabilis. e. adj. That may be pierced.
foramen, Inis. «. A hole, an opening.
foras. adv. Out of doors (after a verb of motion) : efferri hoe foras, that this
should be published, or made known, out of doors, Cic.
forceps, Ipis. m. A pair of pincers, of tongs, a forceps.
fordus, a. um. adj. Pregnant
fore, and forem. Jul. injin. and imperf. sul>j. fr. sum, q. v.
forensis, e. adj. 1. Of the forum, of the market. 2. Of, or suited t*
the courts of law, or to pleading, forensic : forensis factio, the mob of var>
bonds who loiter about the market, Liv. ; vestitus forensis, a dress fit to
walk in the forum, an out-of-door dress, Liv.; Mars forensis, oratory, elo
quence, Ov.
tforfex, icis. /: 1. A pair of scissors or shears. 2. A lobster's claw.
$forficula, as. f. A pair of scissors or shears.
*f ovica, mf. A storehouse, a warehouse, (according to others) a privy.
foris, is. /, more common in pi. A door (lit. and raetaph.).
foris. adr. 1. Out of doors, without, outside (as opp. to domi, at heat,
or in one's own country), in public, abroad, in foreign countries. 2.
From out of doors, from without. 3. From other sources (in opp. to
one's own efforts).
forma, ee./. 1. Form, shape, figure. (Esp.) 2. Fine form, beauty. 3.
A mould, a stamp, an instrument by which, or according to which, to give
form to a thing, even a shoemaker's last. 4. An outline, a sketch, a
specimen. 5. Nature, character, species, or kind (of anything).
Kormamentum, i. n. 1. A shape, a form.
formatura, ■<£. f. A fashioning, a giving form to.
formica, se. f. An ant.
I'formiclnus, a, um. adj. Of ants, like ants : formicinus gradus, crawling,
Plaut.
formidabllis, e, adj. Formidable, to be feared,
formido. as. v. a. To fear, to dread.
formldo, Tnis. /. 1 . Fear, terror, dread. 2. Awe. 3. That which
causes fear, an object of fear; (in hunting) rows of feathers set round the
coverts to terrify the animals in them and prevent them from breaking
forth.
formidolose. adv. In a terrible manner, dreadfully.
formldolosus, a, um. adj. 1. Terrible, formidable. 2. +JTimid.
formo, as. v. a. 1. To shape, to form, to fashion, to make. 2. To re
gulate.
formosltas, itis. / Beauty.
formosus, a, um. adj. Beautiful.
formula, 88. / 1. t Beauty. 2. A formula. 3. A rule, an esta
blished principle : [he added] Acarnanas restiturum se in antiqna™
formulam jurisnue ac ditionis eorum, thnt he would replace the Acamaniani
in their ancient condition of being under their power and dominion, Liv.T
Paracheloida nullo jure Messalorum formula? factam, that the district bor
dering on the Achelous had no right to be annexed to the Messalians, Liv.;
Lampsacenos in sociorum formulam referrc, to include the citizens of Lamp-
atcus in the list of the allies, Liv.
 FOE-FEA 203
Fornacalis, e. adj. Of Fornax, the goddess of ovens.
foraax. acis./, and dim. ffomacula, m. 1. An oven, a furnace. 2.
§A crater.
fornlcatus, a, um. adj. Arched, vaulted.
fornix, Icis. m. 1. An arch, a vault. 2. A vaulted opening. 3. A
brothel.
+foro, as. v. a. To pierce, to make a hole in.
fors, only in nam. and abl. sing, forte, f. 1. Chance, accident. 2. The
Goddess of chance; called also Fors Fortunn; in this sense found also in
all the oblique cases.
§fors. adv. By chance, haply, perhaps.
forsau, and forsltan (once forsit, Hor.). adv. Perhaps, perchance, haply.
fortasse. adv. Perhaps, perchance, possibly.
forte, adv. By chance, perchance, haply : nisi forte, unless perchance, unless
inderd (ironically).
forticulus, a, am. adj. Bravish, brave.
fortis, e. adj. 1. Brave, bold, courageous, daring, valiant 2. Resolute,
foil of fortitude, steadfast, firm. 3. Strong, powerful, stout, vigorous.
fbrtlter. adv. 1. Bravely, boldly. 2. Vigorously.
fortitudo, inis. / Courage, resolution, fortitude, firmness, bravery, bold
ness.
fortuito. adv. By chance, accidentally, fortuitously.
fortuitus, a, um. adj. Casual, accidental, fortuitous.
Fortuna, SB. / 1. Chance, luck, fortune. 2. The Goddess Fortune.
3. Fortune, state, condition, circumstances. 4. (Esp.) Good fortune,
prosperity. 5. (In pi.) Property, possessions.
fortunate, adv. Fortunately, luckily.
fortunatus, a, tun. pari, of s> q. ; but used as adj. 1. Foitunatc, happy,
prosperous, successful. 2. Rich.
fortuno, as. v. a. To make fortunate, prosperous, successful.
::foruli. drum. pi. m. A bookcase.
forum, i. n. 1. (Very rare) The open space before a tomb, any open
space. 2. The forum, where the market and also where the courts of
law were held: forum attingo, to go to the bar, to become a lawyer. Cic;
in foro sum, in foro versor, to be engaged in public life, Nep., Cic. ; forum ago,
to hold a court, to hold an assize, Cic; forum, with reference to the judges,
or to the citizens in the country, it the district allotted to each ; indicitque
forum, and he proclaims the establishment of a court, Virg.; cedo foro, to
quit the market-place, to become bankrupt, Juv. ; Postumum in foro non ha-
beremos, Postumus would be bankrupt, Cic; scisti uti foro (proverb), you
know how to go the right way to woik, Ter.; in alieno foro litigo, to be
engaged in a business one does not understand, Mart. ; res vertitur in meo
foro, the matter affects me nearly, Plaut.
form, i. m. ; utu in pi. 1. The gangway in a ship. 2. A row of seats
in the circus. 3. A cell of bees. 4. JA gaming table.
fossa, as./, [fodio.] A ditch, a trench, a fosse.
"fossilis, e. adj. dug up, fossil.
fosfiio. onis./. a digging.
toOSor. oris. m. A digger.
fovea, SB./. A pit, a pitfall.
foveo. *s, fori, fotom. v. a. 1. To warm, to keep warm. 2. To foment.
3. To cherish, to nourish, to foster. 4. To caress, to favour, to cultivate
the friendship of. 5. To encourage, to animate. 6. To prosper, to
indulge.
i-^fraces, HvLpl. m. Dregs of oil.
fractus. a, um. pari. fr. frango. q. v.; and also as adj. c compar. etc. 1.
Wakened, weak, feeble. 2. Disheartened, dispirited.
fraga. orum. «. pi. Strawberries.
fragiiU, e. adj. Easily broken, fragile, brittle, frail, perishable : anni fra-
gtles, the weakness of old age, Ov.
204 FRA-FEE
fr&gWtas, atis. / Fragility, brittleness, frailty, perishableTjeta.
fragnien. Xnia. »., and fragraentum, i. n. A piece broken off, a fragment, a
remnant.
fi&gor, oris. m. 1. +A breaking. 2. A noise aa if something to
broken, a crash, a loud noise, a din.
fragosus, a. urn. adj. 1. +Fragile, apt to be broken. 2. Rough.
uneven, craggy. 3. Making a crashing noise, noisy, roaring (as a tor
rent, etc.).
fragro. as, esp. in part. pres. v.n. I. To smell sweetly, to be frarrant,
2. To smell unpleasantly.
Jframea. ce. f. A sort of spear or javelin used by the Germans.
frango, is, fregi, fractum. c. a. 1. To break, to break to pieces, to shiver,
to break into Email pieces, to crush, to tear to pieces (as a wild beast does).
2. To break down, to put down, to subdue, to lessen the strength or power
of, to dispirit, to discourage, to shake the resolution of. 3. To bend the
heart, to affect, to touch, to move (with pity, etc.). 4. To violate, ta
break (a promise, treaty, etc.). Nee animus tantis se laboribus frangeret,
nor would my spirit be broken by such disasters, Cic.; cum quo siepe diem
mero fregi, in company with whom I have often spent the greater part of
the day (lit. broken it into small parts), Hor.; laqueo gulam fregere, they
strangled him, Sail.
frater, tris. m., and dim. fratercfilus. in. 1. A brother (used m pl.oi
brothers and sisters). 2. (Used loosely by Liv. for) A brother-in-hw.
Frater patruelis, a cousin, Cic. ; so frater by itself, Ov., Tac
fraterae. adv. In a brotherly manner, affectionately.
Jfraternltas, atis./ Brotherhood, brotherly alliance.
fraternus, a, um. adj. 1. Of a brother, like a brother, fraternal. i
§ Belonging to a cousin. 3. Brotherly, affectionate.
fratriuda, se. m. [frater credo.] A fratricide, the murderer of a brother.
fraudatio, onis. f. Cheating, deceiving, deceit, fraud.
fraudator, oris. m. A deceiver, a cheat, a defraudcr.
fraudo, as. r. a. 1. To cheat, defraud, deceive (often c. abl. rei). 2.
To embezzle, to keep back, to appropiiate wrongfully.
tfraudfilentia, SB. /. Deceitfulness.
fraudulentus, a, tun. adj. Fraudulent, cheating, deceitful.
fraus, dis. /. 1. Fraud, deceit, cheating. 2. A trick, a deceit. S.
Any bad or unlawful action, a crime. 4. Error, a mistake: fraode
loci ct noctis, mistake caused by ignorance of the ground and darkness,
Virg.; qua; res nemini unquam fraudi fuit,a thing which never injured any
one, Cic; [ut qui civis Campanus ante certain diem transissetj sine fraude
esset, should be considered innocent, Liv.; quod sine fraude moa popcliqu?
R. Quiritium fiat, as far as may be done without injury to myself or to the
Roman people, Liv.
fraxineus. a, um. and §fraxinus, a, um. adj. Made of ash, ashen.
fraxinus, i.f. I. An ash tree. 2- A spear (with an ashen shaft).
fremetundus. a, um. adj. Roaring.
fremitus, us. m. A roaring, a loud murmuring noise, a snorting (of horses),
a humming (of bees).
fremo. is, ui, itum. v. n. To roar, to growl, to howl, to snort, to murranr
(sometimes c ace. of the sound uttered): Arrius consulatum sibt erephm
fremit, Arrius growls, and says he has been robbed of the consulship, Cic
Sfremor, oris. m. A roar, a murmur.
frendo, is, no perf. ; sup. tfresum. v. n. To gnash the teeth.
freno. as. v. a. 1. To harness with a bridle, to bridle. 2. To bridle,
i. e. to curb, to restrain, to check, to govern.
frenum, i. »., pi. freni and §frena. A bridle, a bit, a curb : date frenos
impotenti naturffi, give the rein to your headstrong disposition, Liv. ; si
frenum momorderis peream, if you take the bit between your teeth (resist),
I may be undone, Cic
frequens, entis. adj. 1. That often takes place, that often does a thing.
 FEE—FBO 205
frequent, constant : erat ille Roma: freqiien?, he was constantly at Rome,
Cic 2. Frequent, continual. 3. Assembled in numbers, crowded (of
a meeting), numerous. 4. Full, crowded (of a place of meeting, etc),
populous (of a district).
frequentatio, onis.y". 1. A crowding together. 2. A condensed re
capitulation.
frequcntatus, a, urn. part. fr. frequento; also as adj. Full of.
frequenter, adv. 1. Frequently. 2. In a crowd, in numbers.
frequentia, x.f. A numerous assembly, a crowd, a multitude.
frequento, as. v. a. 1. To visit or resort to often, to frequent. 2. To
repeat, to do, or say frequently. 3. To think over and over. 4. To
fill with a crowd, to crowd, to people (cities, etc), to stock : qnos cum hie
diet ad aerarium frcquentassct, and as this day had brought them in crowds
to the treasury, Cic. 6. To celebrate in numbers, by crowded meetings.
6. To attend or escort in a crowd.
fretensis, e. adj. Of a strait : Mare fretense, the straits of Messina, and
the sea adjacent to those straits, Cic.
fretum, i. »., and (very rare) fretus, us. m. 1. A strait, a narrow channel
(in the sea). 2. (Esp.) The strait of Messina between Italy and Sicily.
3. A separation, a line of demarcation. 4. The sea. Coeli fretum, the
rxpanse of heaven, Ennius ; aetatis freta, the impetuosity of manhood,
Lucr. ; fretus anni, the period of the transition from cold to heat, Lucr.
fretus, a, tun. adj. Relying on, depending on (c. abl.; once in Liv. c. il.it.).
tfrlcatio, onis./, and Jfricatua, us. m., and ;frictus, us. m. A rubbing.
frlco, as, ui. catum, and ctum. To rub.
frictus, a, tun. pari. pass, fr. frico, q. v., and fr. frigo, q. v.
tfrigefacto, as. r. a., and frigidefacto. as. v. a. To cool.
frlgeo, es, frixi, no sup. v. n. 1. To be cool, cold. 2. To be frigid,
inactive, languid, indolent, indifferent, frigid. 3. To be out of favour,
to be disregarded.
frigesco, if, no perf. r. a. 1. To become cool, to grow cold, to be chilled.
'I. To be frigid, inactive, indifferent, cold towards a person (c. dat.).
*frigldarins, a, tun. adj. Calculated for cooling.
frigide. adv. Coldly, indolently, languidly.
frigidus, a, tun. and' dim. frigidulus, a, um. adj. 1. Cool, cold (lit. or
with fear, etc.). 2. Chilling, making cold (as a disease, an ague, fear,
etc). 3. Stiff (esp. stiffened in death). 4. Frigid, lukewarm, inac
tive, indifferent, indolent, void of energy, of vivacity. 5. Lifeless, tri
vial (of style, wit, etc.).—f. as suosr., Cold water, Cic. Aquam frigidam
subdole suffundunt, they craftily throw cold water on us, i. e. disparage or
slander us, Plaut.
frigo, is, zi, ctum. r. a. To roast, to parch, to toast.
Cfrigulo, aa. r. i). To croak as a jackdaw.
frlgus, iris, n. 1. Cold, coolness, chill. 2. §The cold of winter,
winter, the chill of death, death, the chill of fear. 3. Lukewarmness,
indifference, inactivity. 4. Coolness, disregard, al.'cuce of iavour.
tfrlgutio. Is. v. it. To stammer, to stutter.
"fringilla, ee. /. A robin redbreast, or chaffinch.
frio, as. r. n. To rub, to crumble to pieces.
^fritUlus, Lb. A dice-box.
: fritiunio. Is. e. n. To twitter.
frivolus, a, tun. adj. Frivolous, trivial, worthless.
frondator, oris. m. A stripper off of leaves, a primer, a woodman.
frondeo, es, and frondesco, is, no perf. v.n. 1. To be in leaf, to be leafy.
2. To break out into leaf, to become leafy (the prop, meaning of frondesco,
as in fact all words in esco are strictly speaking inceptive! ; but in practice
they are nearly always used in the same sense as the verb in its ordinary
form).
frondeus, a, um. adj. 1. Leafy. 2. Made of leaves. 3. JMade of
. a bougb, branch, or twig.
206 FRO-FRU
tSfrondlfer, era, erum. adj. Leafy.
; frondosus, a. am. adj. Leafy.
frons, dis./. 1. A leaf, a leafy branch, a branch, a bough. 2. §.V
garland made of leaves, boughs, etc.
frons, tia. /. 1. The forehead, the brow. 2. The face. 3. The
front of anything. 4. The expression of the countenance. 5. The
outer end of a book or volume. Pompeius Scauro studet, sed utrum froute
an mente dubitatur, Pompey favours Scanrus, but whether he does so only
in outward show, or in sincerity, is doubtful, Cic ; ut ne in foro quidero
reliquia; pristine frontis appareant, so that not even in the forum are there
any traces of my former gravity visible, Cic. j hominea fronte et orator*
magis qiiam ipso beneficio reque capiuntur, men are won more by kind
words and civil speeches than by actual services and reality, Cic. ; exda-
roant . . . perisse frontem de rebus, they cry out that all moduty has
disappeared from the conduct of affairs, Pen.
frontalia. ium. pi. n. A frontlet.
fronto, onis. m. One with n broad forehead.
fractaarius, a, urn. adj. Fr. ager, land, the rent of which is paid in kind,
Cic.
fructuosus, a, on. adj. 1. fruitful, productive. 2. Profitable, advan
tageous.
fractal, as. m. ]. Enjoyment (rare). 2. Fruit, produce, proceeds.
3. Result of produce, i. e. revenue, income. 4. Fruit, i. e. result,
consequence.
frugalis, e. adj. (only in cotnpar. and superl.). Frugal, thrifty, economical
frugalitas, atis./. Frugality, economy, moderation.
frugallter. adv. Frugally, economically, with moderation.
frugi (apparently dat fr. froz), used as indccl. adj. 1. Thrifty, economical,
prudent, moderate. 2. +Useful, serviceable.
frugifer, era, erum,. adj. 1. Productive, fruitful, fertile. 2. Making
fruitful (of Ceres, etc.). 3. Profitable, serviceable,
§fruglferens, entis. adj. Fruitful, productive, fertile.
Sfrugilegus. a, am. adj. Gathering the fruits of the earth.
Stfruglparus, a, nm. adj. Fruitful.
frunientarius, a, am. adj. 1. Of or belonging to corn. 2. Abounding
in, producing corn. Res frumentaria, supplies of corn, Cic.; navis fruraec-
t.-iria, a provision ship ; lex fr., a law to regulate the distribution of com at
a low rate.— (m. as mist). 1. A corn-dealer. 2. A purveyor, a com
missary.
frumcntatio, onis.yl A providing of corn, foraging.
frument&tor, oris. m. A forager.
frumentor, oris. r. dtp. To provide or fetch com, to forage.
frumentam, i. n. 1. Corn, grain. 2. (In pi.) The crops of com.
fruor, eris. fructus (more usu. fruitus) sum. also ffrtmiscor, eris. no per£
I . To enjoy, to delight in, to reap the fruits of. 2. To be in possession
of.
f frustillatim. adv. In small pieces.
frustra. adv. 1. +In error (rare): ut illi fnistra sint, that they may be
deceived. Sail.; Corbulo frastra habitus, Corbulo being deceived, or disap
pointed, Tac 2. In vain, to no purpose, without effect. 3. Ground-
lessly, without reason.
§tfrnstramen, inis. n. Deception, disappointment.
frostratio, onis. / A deception, a disappointment, (sometimes esp.) delay
caused by a person not keeping an appointment
ffrustratus. us. m. Deceit, a deceiving.
frastror, axis. v. dtp. 1. To deceive. 2. To disappoint (sometimes c.
abl. of the expected object). 3. JTo render useless.
frustum, i. n. A piece of food, a morsel, a crumb, *a piece.
frutez, Icis. m. 1. A shrub, a bui>h. 2. fA blockhead.
frutlcetum, i. r. A place full of bushes, a spinney, a thicket.
 FEU — FUL 207
fritlcor. iris, f. dtp. To be bushy, to sprout up in bushes.
fruticosus. a, um. adj. Bushy, shrubby.
frax, frigis./; very rare in sing. 1. The fruits of the earth (esp. green
fruit, or that which grows in pods, leguminous fruit). 2. Fruit, i. e.
result, consequence (rare) : expertia frugis, works without any stuff in
them, worthless, Hor.; fruge Ckanthei, with the doctrine of Cleanthei,
Pers. ; multos vidi ... qui totam adolescentiam roluptatibus dedissent emer-
sisse aliquando et se ad frugem bnnara, ut dicitur, recepisse, I have seen many
men, who had devoted their whole youth to dissipation, at last emerge, and
come to bear a good crop, as the proverb is (L e. reform), Cic. ; herus si tuns
volet facere frugem, if your master wishes to act with advantage, Plaut —
See frugi.
meatus, a. um. part, from fuco, q. v. ; also as adj. Counterfeit, fictitious.
fuco, as. r. a. To paint, to die, to colour (esp. a fece with rouge).
fucdsus, a. am. adj. Counterfeit, spurious, deceptive.
focus, i. m. 1. JRock lichen used for a red dye or for rouge. 2. A
red colour, a red dye, rouge. 3. Any paint or colour. 4. Pretence,
disguise, deceit 5. Bee glue, with which bees stop up the entrance to
the hive, propolis : fucum facio (c dat pers.), to deceive, Cic.
focus, i. m. A drone.
roga, »./ 1. Flight 2. ?A swift progress. 3. Banishment, exile.
4. Avoidance, desire to avoid, disinclination to. Facio fugam, both to put to
flight and to take to flight : cum fugam in regiam fecisset, when he had
made every one flee into the palace, Li v.; consternate cohortea fugam
frcerunt, the squadrons in consternation took to flight, Liv.
fugaciter. adv. By fleeing, by retiring.
ftgax, acia. adj. 1. Inclined to flee, to run away. 2. Timid, coy (of
a damsel). 3. Fleeing quickly, swift 4. jiKoger to avoid (c gen.).
0. Fleeting, transitory.
figiens, entis. part, of seq., used also as adj. 1. Growing flat, losing
its strength (of urine). 2. Departing, dying. 3. Desirous to avoid
(cgen.).
ragio, Is, fttgi, fugitum. r. a. and a. 1. (v. n.). To flee, to run away.
2. To paaa away, to disappear. 3. (r. a.). To flee from, to avoid, to shun
(c ace., very rarely c ab and all.). 4. To be banished from (c. ace, once
in Quint, c de and abl.). 5. To escape from, to escape. 6. To escape
the notice, or the memory of: fugit me ad te antea scribere, I forgot to
write to you before, Cic.
flgltivus, a, um. adj. Running away, fugitive. (Usu. in m., as sul/st.).
1. A runaway, a runaway slave. 2. A deserter.
+fagito, as. v. n. and o. 1. (r. n.) To flee. 2. (o. a.) To avoid, to shun.
tragitor, oris. m. A runaway.
figo, as. r. a. 1. To put to flight, to drive away, to rout 2. To send
into banishment, to be the cause of banishment to, to banish.
sfilclmen, Inis. n. A prop, a support
folcio, Is, si, turn. c. a. 1. To prop up, to support 2. To strengthen,
to secure. 3. (Metaph.) To support, to sustain (a friend in distress, etc.),
to be the stay of. Antiopa eenunnis fulta, Antiopa oppressed with sorrows,
Prop,
fulcrum, Li. 1. A prop, a support (esp. the foot or pillar on which a bed
stands). 2. A bed.
Mgeo. es, si, infiu. also fulgere, no sup., v. ». To shine, to beam, to glitter,
to glisten,
tfulgldus, a, um. adj. Shining, glittering, bright
falgor. oris. m. 1. Sheen, brightness, brilliancy. 2. Lightning. 3.
Splendour, brilliancy (of reputation, etc. ).
falgur. firis. n. 1. Lightning. 2. §A thunderbolt 3. JA thing
struck by lightning. 4. +§Brightness, brilliancy,
fahjuralis, «. Relating to lightning, or to the way of averting or interpret-
a>g omens given by lightning.
208 FUL — FUN
fulgurator, 6ri3. m. An interpreter of omens from lightning.
•) fulgurio. Is. f. n. and a. 1. To lighten. 2. To strike with light
ning.
fulguro, aa. To lighten, to send forth lightnings; sometimes as imptn.:
fulgnrat, it lightens.
fallca, w. / A coot, a water-fowl.
fuJIgo, Inis./ 1. Soot. 2. Black paint.
Tfullo. onis. m. A fuller.
tfullonlca, SB./ 1. The trade of a fuller. 2. A fuller'* shop.
tjfullonius, a, urn. Of a fuller.
falmen, Inis. n. 1. Lightning, a flash of lightning, lightning which strikes,
a thunderbolt. 2. (Metaph.) Impetuous power, (esp.) destructive powei.
fulnilneus, a, urn. adj. 1. Of lightning. 2. Like lightning, rapid, de
structive.
fulmlno, as. v. a. To lighten, to send forth lightning; sometimes as imptn. :
fulminat, it lightens, Virg.
fultura. SB./. A prop, a support.
fultus, a, um. part. it. fulcio, q. v.
falvus, a, urn. adj. Deep yellow, gold coloured, tawny.
tfumarum, La, A smoke chamber to smoke or ripen things in.
fumeus. a, am, and fumldus, a, um. adj. Smoky, smoking, full of smoke.
f umifer, era, erum, and f umif Icus, a, am, adj. Producing smoke, smok
ing.
fumifico, as. e. a. To raise a smoke, i. e. to burn incense.
f&mo, as. v. ii. To smoke, to reek: fumantes pulrere campi, fields in a cloud
of dust, Virg.
fumosus, a, am. adj. 1. Smoky, smoking. 2. Smoked, browned with
smoke (as old statues), dried with smoke (as bacon), ripened with smoke
(as wine kept in the fumarium).
fflmus, i. in. Smoke (lit and metaph.): fumi Massiike, wine of Marseilles
ripened in the smoke, Mart.
funale. is. n. 1. The cord or thong of a sling. 2. A torch made of
rope and covered with wax. 3. A iamp, a chandelier.
funalis. e. adj. Of a rope, attached by a rope : funalis eqnus, as extn
horse in a chariot, attached to the others by a side rope {aupatpipos fires).
ffflnambulus, i. m. A ropedancer.
functio, onis. / A performance (of a duty), the act of performing.
functus, a, um. part. fr. fungor, q. v.
funda. re. / 1. A sling. 2. A casting-net.
^fundamen, Inis. »., and fundamentum, i. n. A foundation, groundwork.
§fundator, oris. m. A founder.
fundatus, a, am. part. fr. fundo, as ; used also as adj. (c. compar. etc).
1. Well established. 2. (Of a ship) Having a good keel. 3. (Of
money) Expended (c. abl. of the purpose on which).
ffundlto, as. To pour out frequently, to squander.
fundltor, oris. m. A slinger.
funditus. mh: [fundus.] 1. From the bottom, from the foundation, at-
terly, entirely, completely. 2. +To or at the bottom.
fundo, as. v. a. 1. To lay the bottom or foundation of, to found. 2.
To fix, to establish. 3. To fasten, to secure.
fundo, is, fudi, fusum. v. a. 1 . To pour, to pour out, to shed. 2. To
make by melting (metals), to cast, to found (in a foundry). 3. §To
wash, to bathe. 4. To pour forth, to scatter. 5. To scatter (ene
mies), to rout, to defeat, to prostrate. 6. To throw down, to throw
away : corpora fundit humi, he throws bodies to the ground, i. e. slays
them, Virg. 7. To pour forth in abundance, to produce abundantly, to
spread widely: turn se latius fundet orator, then the orator will make greater
exertions, Cic.; neque se tanta in eo fudisset ubertas, nor would such a co
piousness of eloquence have displayed itsell in him, Cic. ; [quanquam negant
nee virtutes nee vitia crescere]; et tamen utrumque eorum fundi quodam
 FUN— FUR 209
modo et quasi dilatari putant, and yet they think that both virtues and
vices do in some way or other spread themselves, and expand a* it were,
Cic 8. To utter, to pour forth ( words).
fundus, in. 1. The bottom (of anything) : largitio fundum non habet,
there is no bottom to, i. e. no end to giving, Cic 2. §A foundation.
3. A piece of land, a farm (with a farm house on it : without a house on it,
it was ager). 4. A principle, cause, or author (of a measure).
funebris. e. adj. 1. Of or relating to a funeral, funereal. 2. Deadly,
fatal (of war, etc.): funebria sacra, sacrifices of human beings, Or.
funeratus, a, urn. pari. fr. funero. Killed.
.■ftmcreus, a, urn. adj. 1. Of or relating to a funeral, funereal. 2.
Causing death.
Jfunero. as. v. a. To bury.
funesto. as. r. a. To pollute with slaughter.
ranestus, a, nm. adj. 1 . Causing death or destruction, deadly, fatal. 2.
Polluted with bloodshed. 3. Funeral, funereal. 4. Mournful, or-
rowful. 5. Sad (of events, rare) : funesta familia, the household in
mourning, Cic. ; funesti annates, annals full of melancholy events, Liv.; fu
nesta litem, a letter predicting death, Ov.
tfonginus, a, am. adj. Of a mushroom.
fuugor, eris, functus sum. v. dep. (c. abl.). To perform, to discharge (a
duty, etc.), to fill (an office), (in any way) to do, or to finish : functus ernt
dapibus, he had finished his banquet, Ov. ; cede fungi marita, to execute
the murder of her husband, Ov.; pro functo morte rogari, to be entreated
for one who is dead, Ov. ; corpora functa sepulchris, bodies which have been
buried, Ov. ; virtute functi duces, generals who have displayed valour, 1 1 ■ . r.
2. To contribute (in this sense Cic. once uses it c. ace). 3. t§To suffer
(mtrani.): ter tevo functus, (Nestor) who had lived three times the life of
man, Hor.
fungus, i. m. 1. A mushroom. 2. A mushroom-like snuff on a lamp.
3. t A blockhead.
funiculus, i. m. A slender rope, a cord.
funis, is. m. A rope, a cord, a cable : repeto, funemque reduco, I go back,,
and change my mind (lit, pull the rope back again), Pers.; certuni digna
scqui potiusquam ducere funeni, fitter to be led than to lead, Hor.
funus, iris. n. 1. A funeral procession, a funeral. 2. Death,
(metaph.) destruction, ruin. 3. §A corpse, a dead body.
fur, furis. m. A thief.
furaclter. adv. Thievishly.
furax, acis. adj. Thievish, addicted to stealing.
farca, 89./; dim. furcilla, as, and furcula, as. 1. A fork. 2. A
prop or stake with a forked end. 3. An instrument of punishment in
the form of a fork, placed on the culprit's neck : furcse and furcula: Cau-
cinas, the narrow pass near Caudium.
furcifer, Sri. (A term of reproach), a man deserving to bear the furca.
furenter. adv. In a raging, furious manner.
furfar, uris. m. Bran.
Faria. se. (nearly always in pi.)
Furiae. arum.;)/./ 1. Ji Violent passion, fury, madness. 2. The Fu
ries. 3. Avenging spirits: his muliebribus instructus furiis, instigated
by this fury of a woman, Liv. ; ilia furia muliebrum religiomim, that fu
rious invader of the rites peculiar to women, Cic; [HannibalemJ tanquam
furiim facemque hujus belli odi, I detest him as the fury and fitebraud
who has kindled this war, Liv.
furialis, e. adj. 1. Like the Furies, belonging to the Furies. 2. Fu
rious, frantic, raging. 3. Causing madness, exciting to frenzy.
furiallter. adv. In a frantic, furious manner.
furibundus, a, um. adj. 1. Raging, furious. 2. Inspired.
tforinus, a, um, adj. Of thieves.
r
210 F.U B — G M S
fiirio, ai. r. «. To madden, to drive to frenzy, to infuriate : fariata i
with frantic mind, Virg.
furiose. adv. Furiously, franticly, madly,
furioeuz, a, tun. adj. 1. Full of madness, of rage, furious, frantic, raging.
2. § Kxciting to rage or frenzy, maddening.
Jfornaria, a./. The trade of a baker.
fur a us, i. m. 1. An oren. 2. A store.
ffiro, is, no pert v. n. To rage, to be furious, to be frantic, to be mad, to ba
-violent (under the influence of any passion, love, anger, etc) : furit magi-
tibus Kthcr concussue, the sky is violently agitated and shaken by the
lowing*, Virg.
furor, aria, r. dtp. 1. to steal. 2. (Mctaph.) To take away from, to
withdraw : speciem furabor Iacchi, I will represent (falsely) the figure of
Bacchus, Prop.; non enim furatus esse civitatem dicitar, for be is not said
to have made false pretences to citizenship, Cic.
furor, oris. m. 1. Raging, rage, fury, madness. 2. Inspired frenzy.
3. Violent passion (esp. that of love).
tfurtificus. a, urn. adj. Thievish.
furtim and furtive, adv. By stealth, stealthily, privily : furtirn magis
quam hello, by freebooting incursions rather than fair open war, Tac.
furtlvus, a, tun. adj. Stolen, purloined. 2. Stealthy, secret, concealed :
nox furtiva, night favourable to concealment, Ov.
furtum, i. ..-. 1. Theft. 2. Anything stolen. 3. Stealthy conduct,
any secret action, stratagem, artifice (esp. stolen love), intrigue : ne lurtnm
cessations queesivisse videaiis, that you may not seeui to liave been looking
for a false excuse for your dawdling, Cic.
furunculus. L m. A petty thief, a pilferer.
furvus, a, um. adj. Dark, dusky, gloomy.
fuscina, 88./ A trident.
fusco, aa. v. a. To make dark, of a dark colour, to darken.
fuscus, a, um. adj. 1. Dark-coloured, dork, swarthy. 2. (Of Use-voice)
Husky.
fuse. adv. Copiously, at length, diffusely.
fusilis. e. adj. Easily melted, molten, liquid : fusilie argilla, day easily
moulded into shape.
fusio, onis. / 1 . A pouring. 2. An outpouring, effusion.
fustis, is. in. A stick, a cudgel, a club, a stick to beat with.
fustuarium, i. «. A cudgelling to death (a military punishment for de
sertion, etc.).
fusus, a, um. part. pass. fr. fundo (used also as adj* c compar., etc.).
1. Extended, wide, broad, copious. 2. Fusa et Candida corpora, plump
and fair bodies, Liv. 3. (Of writers and style) Copious, diffuse.
fusus. i. m. A spindle.
+iutatim. adv. Abundantly.
■ffQtlle. adv. Uselessly.
futllis, e. adj. 1. Useless, silly, foolish, worthless. 2. Brittle.
futflltas, atis. / Silliness, foolishness.
futurua, a. um (pari. fr. sum, q. v.). About to happen ; n. aa most, the
future, futurity.

G.
JGabataa, arum. pi./. A kind of dish.
Gablnua, a. um. adj. Of Oabii, a town in Latium: via Gabina, the road to
G ibii, Liv. ; Juno Gabina, Juno worshipped at Gabii, Virg.
Gadltanus, a, um. adj. Of Gades in Spain, now Cadiz,
gseaum, i, n. A heavy javelin used by the Gauls.
 G^T-GEM 211
Gaetulas, a, urn. adj. Of Gsetulia, a district of Africa, African.
Jgaltanatus, a, um. adj. Clad in a green robe.
galbaneus, a, um. adj. Of Onlbanum, a Syrian fragrant plant.
Igalbanus, a, am. adj. 1. Of a greenish yellow colour. 2. Effeminate.
tgalbeus, i. m., or am, i. ». A bandage for the arms.
*galbiila, m.f. A witwall, a email bird.
galea, as. f. A helmet (properly, of leather, but used for any kind of
helmet),
galeo. as. r. a.; usu. in part. pats, galeatus. To arm with a helmet : galeatus,
a soldier, Juv.
Jgalericulum, i. n. A wig.
galeritas, a, am. adj. Wearing a cap.
galerus, i. m. A cap, a round hat.
galla, £e. / An oak-apple, a gall-nut.
Gallicus, a, urn. adj. 1. Gallic, of Gaul : Gallicns canis, a greyhound.
2. §Phrrgian, from the river Gallus;/ as suhst., a Gallic shoe,
f Galliambus, La. A song of the priests of Cybele.
gallina. 8B. / A hen :. galling lilius albie, a favourite of fortune, Juv.
galllnaceus, a, um, and galHnarius, a, am. adj. Of poultry : gallinarius
(as subst.}, a keeper of poultry,
gallus, i. m. A cock.
Gallus, a, am. Of Gaul ; (m. and/, as subst.) 1. A Gaulish man or
woman, a Gaul. 2. (m. and /. pi) The priests and priestesses of
Cybele.
ganea. as./ 1. A cook shop. 2. A brothel. 3. (In pi.) Debauchery,
ganeo. onis. m. A glutton, a debauchee.
Gangeticus. a, am. adj.; also/ Gangetia, idos. Of the Ganges, Indian:
Gangeticus raptor, a tiger hunter, Mart,
-gannio, is, ivi, Hum. v. n. To yelp, to whine,
t^gannltns, us. m. Yelping, whining.
Garamas. antis ; usu. pi. Garamantlcus, a, am. adj. Of Garama, a town
in Africa, near the Sjrtes; African.
Gargaxa, orom. ;./. «. The summit of M. Ida.
garrio, is. Ivi, itum. v. a. To chatter, to prate, to make a noise.
garrulitas. atis. f. Talkativeness, loquacity,
garrulus, a, um. adj. 1. Talkative, chattering, garrulous: garrnla hora,
the time for talking, or spent in talking, Prop. 2. Babbling (of a
brook ), noisy (of a bird), sweet (of a flute),
gtrum, i. n. Pickle, fish sauce.
gaadeo, es, gavisus sum. v. n. To delight, to rejoice in, to be glad: Celso
gaudere Mu&a refer, Muse take my greetings to Celsus.
gaudium, i. «. I. Joy, delight, a feeling of pleasure, gladness, 2,
§That which gives pleasure,
tgaulus, i. m. A bucket,
gausape, is. n., and -pom, in. A shaggy woollen cloth or garment, frieze.
2. JA coverlet : balanatum gausape, a beard as thick as frieze perfumed
with bennut, Pen.
Jgsnsipinus, a, am. adj. Of frieze,
gavisus. a, am. part. fr. gaudeo, q. v.
gaza, 89./ 1. A treasure (esp. a royal treasure). 2. Riches, wealth.
Gelous. a. am. adj. Of Gela, a town in Sicily,
^gelasinus, i. n. [yt\ia.] A dimple,
gellde. adv. Coldly, (metaph.) with indifference, negligently,
geildos, a, am. adj. Cold, frosty, icy cold; of the cold with fear, or with
death : treiidi foci, altars disused, where no fire is lit, Ov.
*gelo. as. r. a. To freeze, to chill, to make cold.
Gel&ni, aram.pl. n. A Scythian tribe.
gela. indecl. n. Cold, frost; §the coldness of age, etc
gemebundus, a, am. adj. Groaning.
gemellipara, 89./ Bringing forth twins.
p 2
212 GEM — GEN
gemellus, a, am. adj. 1. Twin. 2. As like as twins: legio gfintfls,
a le.'ion formed out of two legions.
geminatio, onis.y". A doubling.
gemiiio, as. v. a. 1. To double, to redouble. 2. To repeat (an act,
etc.). 3. To unite so as to form a pair: prope geminata caeumina mro-
tiimi, the tops of the mountains nearly of the same height, Lit.; genius!
Corvbantes sera, the Corybantes strike their cymbals together, Uor.
gemlnus, a, urn. adj. 1. Twinborn, twin. 2. Twofold, double, two,
both. 3. §Double-formed (as a Centaur, etc). 4. As like as a twisj
(n>. pi. as sul/ft.) twins.
gemltus, us. m. A groan, a groaning noise.
gemma, ae. /'. 1. A jewel, a gem (esp. a pearl). 2. Anyth'n'uude
of a precious stone (esp. a seal or seal ring). 3. A bud or ere in s
plant. 4. § An eye in a peacock's tail. 5. +An ornament.
§gemmans, antis, and §gemmatus, a, urn. part. act. and pass. fr. gcmrao.
Jewelled, set with jewels, sparkling with jewels.
gemmeus. a, um. adj. Of jewels jewelled, set or adorned with je»ei= :
gemniei pavones, peacocks with splendid tails, Mart.
ggemmlfer, era, erum. adj. Producing jewels.
gemmo, as. v. n. To put forth buds, to bud.—See Gemmans.
gomo, is, ui. Hum. v. n. and a. 1. (v.n.) To groan, (lit. and metipMu
make a groaning noise, to roar (of a strait), to creak. 2. (v. a.) To
groan over, to lament, to deplore, to bewail.
gena, ae.y: 1. A cheek. 2. §( In pi.) The eyes.
genealogns, i m. [yivta Aiyu.] A genealogist
gener, eri. m. 1. A son-in-law. 2. JThe husband of a still more re
mote descendant than a daughter, of a granddaughter, or a great-grand
daughter.
tgenerabllis, e. adj. Generation.
generalis, e. adj. 1. Of a species, generic 2. General.
generaliter. adv. According to genus, generally.
fgenerasco, is, no perf. r. n. To be generated.
generatim. adv. 1. According to kind, to genus, to species, in cIiusm.
2. Generally, in general terms. 3. (In an army, etc.) According to
the nations composing it
Jgeneratio. onis,/. Generation.
generator, oris. m. A father, a parent, (metaph.) a producer.
genero, as. v. a. 1. To beget, to propagate, to engender, to be the pared
of (lit. and metaph.). 2. To make, to produce (as bees make honey).
generose. adv. Nobly, in a manner befitting high birth.
Jgenerosltas, atis./. Nobleness, high descent
generosus. a, um. adj. [genus.] 1, Of noble birth, noble. 2. Of»
good kind, good, excellent 3. Noble-minded, generous. 4. Netlr-
looking, fine.
genetrix, icis. f. A mother, a parent (lit. and metaph.).
genialis, e. adj. [gigno.] 1. Relating to birth, to generation. 2. Re
lating to marriage, nuptial, conjugal : lectus genialis, the marriage-bed,
Cic. (but it is applied by the poets to any bed or couch). 3. Genial,
festive, cheerful : imbelles elegi, genialis musa, tender elegies, songs of love,
Ov.
genialiter. adv. Merrily, in a festive manner.
geniciilatus, a, am. adj. Having knots (of a cane, etc.).
genista, SB. f. The broom plant.
tgemtabilis, e. adj. Belonging to generation.
genitalis, e. adj. 1 . Belonging to generation, causing generation, gene
rative. 2. t Fertilising : dies genitalis, tempas geoitale, a birtidav
Tac. Ov.
tgenlt&Hter. adv. In a generative or fertilising manner.
genUIvus, a, um. adj. 1. Given at one's birth, natural. 2. Belong
ing to a family (as a name). 3. JGenitive (the g. case).
 GEN — GEE 213
ffinltor, oris, m. [gigno.] 1. A father (lit. and metnph.), applied to many
of the gods, absolutely and with reference to their province; as, genitor
profundi, the father of the deep, i. e. Neptune, Or.
Jgenltura, m.f. 1. Generation. 2. A person's nativity (in astro-
•ofty).
genital, a, am. part, of gigno, q. v. Bom of (c. nbl.).
Genius, i. m. [gigno.] 1. The Genius or tutelar deity of an individual,
or of a place. 2. fOne's genius, i. e. natural taste. 3. JGenius,
capacity.
tgeno. if. v. a.; an old form of gigno, q. v.
gens, tis./. 1. A clan embracing several families supposed to be de
scended from a common ancestor, united by a common name, and by certain
religious rites, a family : qui quamvis perjurus erit, sine gente, who
although he may be a perjured and low-born man (of no family at all),
Hor.; dii majornm gentium, the gods of the higher class, Cic; so, Cleanthes
qui quasi majorum gentium est Stoicus, Cleanthes who is, so to say, a
Stoic of a higher class, Cic; gens ista Clodiana, that tribe (i. e. gang) of
Clodius's, Cic. 2. §A race, a breed : deum gens, 0 thou descendant of
gods (A£neas), Virg. 3. A nation, the inhabitants of a whole country,
or even of a town. 4. (In pi.) Foreign nations, foreigners (rare). 5.
A country (very rare) : ubicunque terrarum et gentium, wherever in the
whole world, Cic; nostri longe gentium absunt, our friends are far off,
Cic.
♦genticus. a, am. adj. National, of a nation.
gentfllciua, a, am. adj. Belonging to a gent (q. v.) or family.
gentilis, e. adj. 1. Belonging to the same gens (q. v.) or family. 2.
Belonging to the same nation. 3. National; ( in. as subst.). 1. A per
son of the same family, a clansman. 2. *A person of the same nation,
a fellow-countryman.
gentflitas, atis. f. The relationship of those who belong to the same
gen»(q. v.).
genu (also in Cic poet nom. and ace sing, genus), only nom., ace, and
abL sing. pi. complete. A knee : gentium orbis, the kneepan, Ov.; jus
imperiamque Phraates Caesaris accepit genibus minor, Phraates has on his
knees submitted to the authority and supremacy of Caesar, Hor.
genitalia, inm. a. ;;/. Garters.
gtnulnus, a, um. adj. [gigno.] Native, innate, natural.
genuinus, a, am. adj. [gena.] In the cheek : genuini dentes, the back
teeth, the jaw teeth, Cic. ; genuinum fregit in illis, he broke bis jaw
teeth on them, i. e. attacked them bitte. ly, Pers.
genus, eris. n. [ysVos.] 1. Birth, descent, origin, 2. Noble birth.
3. A race, a nation. 4. §Pnsteritv, descendants (even of a single person):
jurenis ah alto demissum genus .'Dnea, the youth, the descendant of the
ancient ASneas, Hor. 5. A class, a genus, a kind : in omni genere, in
erery way, in every kind of way, in every respect, Cic 6. §Gender.
geographia, se./ [yv ypd<pw.] Geography.
geometres, and geom. 83. m. lyij /irrocu]. A geometrician.
gefimetria, »•/• Geometry.
geometricus. a, um. adj. Geometrical, of geometry.
germana, m.f. A sister.
germane, adv. In a brotherly manner, faithfully.
germanicus, a, um. adj. German.
germanitas. atis. /. The relationship of brother or sister, of the inhabitant!
of cities which are colonies of one mother city.
Germinal, a, um. adj. German
germannj, a, um. adj. 1. Of brothers or sisters by the same father
( when used as adj. in this sense nsu. as epith. of frater, soror, etc ) : ardescunt
germana cede, they get angry at the slaughter of their brethren, Ov. 2.
Genuine, real, (more usu. m.f. as tubtt.) a brother, a sister.
Igermen, Inia. a. 1. A shoot, a bud. 2. A germ. 3. Offspring.
P3
214 GEE — GLA
*germInatio, onis. /, and *germinatus. us. m. Germination,
germino. us. r. n. To shoot, to sprout up, to germinate,
giro, Is, ssi, stum. r. a. 1. To bear, to wear. 2. To bear, carry ,
bring. 3. §To bear (fruit, etc.), produce, bring forth. 4. To ban
(such and such a disposition, feelings, etc.), to bear, to cherish, to entertain
(c. in and ace. of the person towards whom). 5. To execute, to fill
(an office), to administer (affairs), to regulate, to manage, to carry on (a
business, cap. war), to transact, to perform : gero rempublicam, to be a
statesman, to be employed in conducting the political affairs of the state,
Cic. : res gestae, actions (esp. glorious), exploits in war, Cic^ Hor. ; homines
nulla spe reruro gerendarum, men with no hope of ever having the oppor
tunity of performing great deeds, Cic. ; nomine eorum qui quid gesserunt,
the names of those who have done any great deed, Cic. ; gladtia geri res
ccepta est, they began to fight with swords, Liv. ; gerere personam, to act,
or support (a character), Cic. ; geram tibi morem, I will comply with your
wishes, Cic. ; ut utrique a me mos geetus esse videatur, so that I may
appear to hare consulted the wishes of both, Cic 6. To pass ( time,
life, etc.), (very rare). 7. Gero me, to conduct oneself, to behave.
8. Pne me gero, to exhibit, to make a show of, a profession of.
+gcro, onis. m. One who carries, who carries off.
tgerrae, arum. pi./. Wickerwork, (metaph.) nonsense.
Jgerres. ie. m. A poor salt-fish.
tgerro. onis. m. A trifler.
i-gerullfigiilus. i. m. An accessory, an assistant.
§geruius, i. m. One who carries.
gestamea, Inis, n. 1. What is carried, what is borne or worn. 2.
JThat on which any one is carried, a litter, a sedan chair.
Jgestatio. onis. / A being conveyed, a travelling.
Jgestator, oris. m. 1 . One who carries. 2. One who is carried, who
rides.
Jgestatoria sella. A sedan chair, Suet.
jgestlculor, aril. v. dtp. To gesticulate, to play antics, to put oneself in
comical postures.
geatio, is, ivi, no sup. v. a. 1. To show joy by one's motions, to be
greatly delighted, to exult 2. To desire eagerly, to wish : stucio
gestire lavar.di, to be wild with a desire to bathe.
gestio, onis./ A manner of performing, a performance.
geito, as. v. a. 1. To bear, to wear. 2. To have (feelings, dispoaitioc.
etc.). 3. To carry. 4. fTo carry abroad, to divulge, to blah. 5.
(v. n.) To be carried, to ride, to drive.
tgestor, oris. m. A tale-bearer, a tattler.
gestus, us. m. 1. Carriage (of the body), posture, motion, way of moving.
2. Gesture, gesticulation.
Geticus. a, am. adj. 1. Of the Gets, a tribe bordering on Thrace. 2.
jjThmciajL
Jgibba, 89./ and Jgibbus, i. m. A hump (on the back).
Jgibber, era, erum. wlj. Humpbacked.
glganteus, a,.am. adj. Of the giants, against the giants (of war), over the
giants (a triumph) : gigantea ore, the coast of Cum a' (where the giants had
dwelt), Prop.
glgas, antis, m. [7(701.] A giant.
gigno, is, genui, genltum. v. a. 1 . To beget, to become the parent of, to
bring forth (but not so common of the mother as of the Father). 2.
(Metaph.) To produce, to cause, to engender.
gilvus, a, am. adj. Dun-coloured.
gingiva, ao. / A gum (in the mouth).
Jginnos. i m. A mule.
glaber, bra, brum. adj. Without hair, smooth; (m. as ntlst.) a beardless
slave.
 GLA-GLU 215
Jglabraria, SB. /I One who plucks off hair, one who strips (people) of pro
perty.
glacialis, e. adj. Icy, froren.
glacies, ei. /. 1. Ice. 2. tA smooth or hard substance.
glacio, as. t>. a. To freeze, to turn into ice.
glidiator. oris. m. 1. A gladiator. 2. (In pi) A spectacle of gladiators.
gladiatorius, a, am. adj. Of or belonging to gladiators : gladiatorius con
sensus, an assembly met to witness a show of gladiators, Cic; gladiatorius
locus, a place for a show, or for witnessing a show, of gladiators, Cic.
Jgladiatura, a\/] 1. A combat of gladiators. 2. The profession of a
gladiator.
gl&dios. i. m. 1. A sword. 2. (In pi.) Acts of violence, murders:
plumbeo gladio jugularc ilium, to put an end to him without much trouble;
lit., with a leaden sword, Cic.
glandifer. era, erum. adj. Bearing acorns.
+ glandionlda, SB. /, and tglandium, i, and tglandnlsB, arum. />/. /
A gland, glands.
giant, dis. f. 1. An acorn ; any fruit of the acorn kind, chesnut, beech
nut, etc. 2. An acorn-shaped bullet, a bullet.
glare a, ae. /. Grave).
glareosus. a, um. adj. Gravelly, full of gravel.
fglaucoma, atis. it., also t-oma, as. /. \y\aii«eiia. ] A cataract in the
eye : doctis glaucomam in oculos objiciemus, we will throw dust in the
eyes of the learned men, Plant.
JSglaucopis, idis. / [y\avK&wis.] The owl (as sacred to the blue-eyed
Minerva).
gl vjcus. a, um. adj. Blueish-grey, silvery grey.
gleba. s. /. 1. A lump of earth, a clod. 2. gSoil. 3. A lump (of
anything).
Jglebula, SB. f. 1. A lump -of earth. 2. A little form, a small piece of
land.
Jsjlesum, i. «. Amber.
glis. Iris. in. A dormouse.
glisco. is (no ptrf. or sup.), v.n. 1. To swell up, to burst out (as a
dame; lit. and metaph.). 2. To swell, to increase, to spread.
Jglobor, aril. v. paw. To he formed into a ball, to be collected in a mass.
gldrosus, a. um. adj. Round, globular.
gl6ba», i. m. 1. A round ball, a globe, a ball, a globular mass. 2. A
knot nf people, a crowd, a band.
f+glomeramen, Inis. n. A round mass, a round body.
?gl6meratio, anil. f. Ambling, prancing.
glomero, as. r. a. 1 . To wind up, to form into a ball, to gather into a
(round) heap. 2. To collect, to assemble, to crowd together: gressus
gtomerare superbos, to (make his horse) prance with proud step; lit., bring
bis proud steps (i.e. feet) together, Virg.; ad terrain gurgite ab alto glo-
merantur ares, the birds flock to the land from the deep sea, Virg. ; glo-
merans annus, the revolving year, Cic. (poet.).
glomus, ens. n. A ball (of thread, worsted, etc).
gloria. SB. /, dim. gl8riSla, 39. /. 1. Glory, fame, renown. 2. A
desire for glory, ambition. 3. (Jin pi.) Glorious deeds.
glSriatio, inis.'/ Boasting.
glorior. axis. v. dtp. To glory in, to boast of (sometimes c. ace. of the boast
uttered, or e. infin. or c. abl., or c. in and abl.: this last rare), to boast, to
feel proud : beata vita glorianda est, a happy life is a thing to boast of,
Cic.
glonose. udt. 1. Gloriously; more usu. 2. Boastfully, vauntingly.
gloridsm, a, um. adj. 1. Full of glory, glorious, renowned, famous.
2. Boastful, bragging, vainglorious.
gluten, Inis. n. Glue.
glutinntor, oris. m. A bookbinder.
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216 GLU-6RA
Jglutino, as. c. o. To glue together, to fasten together.
jglQtio, is. v. a. To swallow, to gulp down.
*gluto, onis. mi. A glutton.
gnarus, a, am. adj., and tgnaruris, e. 1. Knowing, acquainted wilh,
skilful in (c. gen., more rarely c. ace. and infin.). 2. £Known (c dat of
the person to whom).
gnavus. See navus.
Gnossius, a, urn. adj., also Gnossiacus, a, urn, and/ Gnossias. ados. Of
Gnossns, the ancient capital of Crete, Cretan ; (/. as subst.) also Gnossil,
Idis. /, the Cretan princess, Ariadne.
gobius, i. m. A gudgeon.
Gorgoneus, a, am. adj. Of the Qorgons : Gnrgoneis Alecto infect* renenis,
Alecto (one of the Furies) infected with Gorgon-like (i. e. destructive)
venom, Virg.; Gorgoneus equus, Pegasus (who sprang from the blood of
Medusa, chief of the Gorgons), Or.
Gortynius and -ni&cus, a, am. adj. Of Gortyna, a city of Crete, Cretan.
grabatus, i. m. A low couch, a poor mean bed.
gracilis, c. adj. 1. Slender, slim, thin, meagre. 2. Simply, slight, so-
adorned (of a style, or a writer).
gracllitas, atis./ 1. Slenderness, thinness. 2. Simplicity, thinness,
want of ornament (in style of writing, etc.).
§tgracillo, as. v. n. To cackle.
graculus, i. in. A jackdaw.
gradatim. adv. Step by step, gradually, by degrees.
gradatio, onis. f. An ascending by degrees, a climax.
gradior, eris, gressus sum. v. dtp. To step, to walk, to go.
Gradlvus, i. m. The God Mars.
gradus, us. m. 1. A step (made in walking, etc), a pace : plcno grsds,
at quick march, I.iv. 2. (Metaph.) A step to, i. e. the first beginning
of, that which leads to. 3. A degree : summus gradus dignitatis, the
highest degree of rank, Cic. 4. Footing, position taken (by the feet),
the ground on which one stands : ne ut de gradu quidem libero ac stabili
conarentur, [they had not room] even to exert themselves on a free and
firm footing, I.iv.; inque gradu stetimus, and we stood our ground, Or.;
in suo quisque gradu obnixi, each resisting rigorously in his place. Lit.;
de gradu dejici, to be driven from one's ground, to be discouraged or dis
concerted, Cic. 5. A step on a ladder or flight of stairs.
Greece, adv. In the Greek language, in Greek.
Graecia, 89. f. Greece: Magna Gratia, the lower part of Italy, originally
colonised by the Greeks.
Grsecus, dim. Graculus, a, um. adj. Greek, (mi. pi. as subst.) the Greeks.
Gracor oris. v. dtp. To imitate the Greeks, to live like a Greek.
Graius. a, um. adj. Greek, (m. pi. as subst.) the Greeks.
Grajugena, 83. m.f. A Grecian by birth, a Greek.
tgrallator, oris. m. One who walks on stilts.
gramen, Inis. n. 1. Grass. 2. §Any green herb, a herb.
gramineus, a, um. adj. Grassy, made of grass. 2. Made of Indian
reed, or cane.
gramma tica. a)./, and -tica, onm.pl n., and ^grammatics, es./. [tjnssv-
jiaTiKr/.] Grammar.
tgrammatlce. adv. Grammatically.
grammatlcus, a, um adj. Grammatical; (m. as subst.) a grammarian.
granaria, drum. pi. n. A granary, a place where corn is kept.
grandaevos, a, um. adj. Aged, old (only of living beings, or of what relates
to them).
§grandesco, is, no perf. or sup. v.n. To grow, to become great or large.
grand! loquus, a, um. a itj. 1. Uttering great or lofty sentiments. 3.
Grandiloquent, pompous, boastful.
+grandlnat. v. impers. It hails.
 GEA 217
tgrandio, Is. v. a. and n. 1. (r. o.) To make great. 2. (».».) To
grow, to become great.
grandis, e. a*//. 1. Full-grown, big, large, great. 2. Grown up to
manhood : grandior aetas, more mature age, Or. ; non admodum grandig
nam, not very aged, Cic.; grandis tevo, aged, Tac. 3. Abundant,
large in quantity. 4. Powerful, important. 5. Grand, lofty (of sen
timents, language, etc), sublime.
granditas, atis. /. Grandeur, loftiness ( of language, etc.).
grandlter. adv. (chiefly in compar. grandius). Grandly, loftily, sublimely,
tgrandinsculus, a, am. adj. Nearly grown up.
grando, Iws.f. Hail, a haiUtorm.
granifer, era, ern.ni. adj. Carrying grains of corn.
granum. La. A grain (of anything), a small seed.
tgTaphiarium, i. n. [ypiipu.] A pencase.
tgraphice. adv. Exactly, elegantly, as if in a picture.
^graphics, es. f. [ypdcpu ] The art of painting.
f 'graphlcus, a, am. adj. Artistic.il, skilful, clever.
graphiam, i. n. [ypdipa.] A pen.
grassator, oris. in. A footpad, a robber.
tgrassatura, m.f. A waylaying of people.
grassor, aria. r. dep. 1. To go, to go about, to proceed, to advance. 2.
• To proceed, i. e. to act, to make one's way : obsequio grassare, make your
' way with him by obsequious conduct, Hor. 3. To go about in n riotous
manner, to riot, to act with violence (c. in and ace), to proceed against, to
attack : in possessionem agri publici grassari, to go all lengths to secure
possession of the common land, Liv.
grate, adv. 1. With joy. 2. Gratefully.
grates, ium. pi./. Thanks, gratitude: grates habeo, to feel gratitude to;
grates ago; §grates dico, grates persolvo, to thank (all c d;it. pers.), Cic,,
Liv., Viig.
gratia, m.f. 1. Favour, regard, goodwill, affection : cum Lnceio in gra-
tiam redi, be reconciled to Luceius, Cic. 2. A favour, a kindness done,
a service. 3. Influence, credit, anthoritv : quantum eo facto ad plebem
inierat gratiam, in proportion as by that act he gained popularity with the
multitude, Liv. 4. § Grace, elegance, agreeableness beauty, charms.
5. (In pi.) The Graces. 6. (In pi.) Tiianks, gratitude (see grates):
ut retulisse gratiam videar, so that I seem to have requited a service with
gratitude, Cic; [I say] me omnibus .... si minus referenda gratia
satisfacere potuerira, at prtedicanda ct habenda certe satis esse fucturum,
that if I cannot satisfy them all by a requital of their kindness, I will at
least do so by acknowledging and feeling my obligation (lit. by feeling gra
titude), Cic 7. Pardon, excuse : omnium tibi gratiam facio, I forgive
you everything, Liv.; ne cujus nisi temporis regi gratia fieret, that there
might be nothing for which the king stood in need of excuse, except the
delay (lit. that the king might be excused for nothing except [his unpunc-
tuality in point of] time), Liv. 8. (In uU. sina. gratia, as if adv.) For
the sake of, on account of : exempli gratia, for instance, Cic. 9. (In
aU. pi. gratiis, and contr. gratis, as if adv.) For nothing, gratuitously,
gratis.
gratiflcatio, onis. f. A doing of favours, complaisance.
gratlflcor, aria. v. dep. 1. To gratify, to do a favour to. 2. To make
a present of, a compliment of, to surrender (rights, etc) to (c. dat).
gritiosus, a, am. adj. 1. Enjoying favour, in favour, of great influence
(sometimes c. apud and ace of the person with whom). 2. Complaisant
(rare) : gratiosa missio, a dismissal granted as a favour, Liv.
gr&tor, aria. v. dep. To congratulate (c. dat.) : gratantes inter se, congratu
lating one another, Liv. 2. To rejoice.
gratulto. adv. Gratuitously, for nothing, without pay or reward, for no
especial or sufficient reason.
gratulabondos, a, MB adj. Congratulating.
218 GBA-GEE
gratS! at io. onis. / 1. Congratulation. 2. Joy, rejoicing. 3. A
religious ceremony of thanksgiving for national success.
gratulor, aris. r. dtp. 1. To congratulate (c. dat. pen., eftea alas c
ace. of the cause or fact). 2. To rejoice. 3. To thank, give ihaaki
to (esp. to a deity; c. dat.).
grattu, a, tun. adj. 1. Pleating, agreeable, acceptable (in prow of things
more usu. than of persons, in poet, of persons also). 2. Thankful, grateful.
3. Benefieio gratum, an act, through the benefit it confers, calculated (or
deserving) to excite gratitude, Cic
tgravastellui, L m. A greyheaded man.
gravate, and more rarely gravatim. adv. Unwillingly, relnctasulv.
gr&vedinosus, a, tun. adj. Liable to cold, apt to catch cold.
gravedo, litis, f. Cold in the head, cold.
Sgraveolens, til. adj. Strong smelling, noisome.
gravesco , is, no pert or sup. v.n. 1 . To become heavy, to become fall
of, to be filled with. 2. To become severe (as sorrow, disease, etc.), to
become worse.
graviditas, atil. / Pregnancy.
gr&vldo, as. r. a. (esp. in pari. past.). To render pregnant, to impregna e.
gravidas, a, tun. adj. 1. Pregnant, big with young. 2. ff sam.
laden with, full, full of, heavy.
gravis, e. adj. 1. Heavy, weighty, ponderous : sss grave, brass monev of
full weight, Liv. 2. Loaded, laden, burdened. 3. §PregnanL " 4.
Burdensome, onerous, unpleasant, annoying, troublesome, painful, oppres
sive, hard to bear, grievous (of persons or things), bitter (of complaints, or
of suffering, pain, etc.) : annona gravis, the high price of food, Piisw. See*.
5. Offensive in smell, rank, noisome. 6. Unwholesome, noxious, nue-
chievous (of things). 7. Deep, low (of sound, the voice, etc). 8.
Weighty, important, grave (of events). 9. Of weight of character, dig
nified, influential, important respectable (of persons).
gr&vltas, atia. / 1. Weight, heaviness. 2. §A burden, the burden
of pregnancy. 3. Rankness of smell, noisomeness. 4. Disagreeable-
nets, unwholesomeness, unpleasantness, severity (of disease, etc). 5.
Diseased condition. 6. Slowness, heaviness of pronunciation. 7.
Weight, importance, gravity, dignity of character, etc Cravitas annonsr,
deamess of the price of com, Tac.
graviter. adv. 1. fHeavily, with weight 2. (Of tones) Deeply.
3. Violently, severely, bitterly (of complaints, etc., or sufferings) : grav.trr
auspectus, looked on with great suspicion, Cic ; tulit hoc graviter filius,
bis son was greatly grieved at this, Cic. 4. Gravely, in a dignined
manner, with authority, impressively (to speak ,etc).
gr&vo, as. r. a. 1 . To load, to burden, to weigh down. 2. To be
oppressive to, i. e. to vex, to grieve, (esp. in pans.) to be vexed, to be
annoyed : rogo ut ne graveris exredificare id opus, I entreat you not to be
unwilling to complete that work, Cic. ; Pegasus terrenum equitem gravatus,
Pegasus disdaining to bear a mortal rider, Hot.
gregalis. e. adj. 1. ^Belonging to a herd or flock. 2. Fit for the
common herd, for the multitude ; gregali ssgulo am ictus, clad in a common
soldier's cloak, Liv. : (m. pi. as tubs!.) companions, associates.
gregarius, a, urn. adj. Of the herd : gregarius miles, a common soldier,
Cic, Tac.
grega tim. adv. 1 . In flocks or herds. 2. In crowds.
gremium. i. n. The bosom, (lit nnd metaph.) the lap : JEtolia medio fare
Graciae gremio continetur, (Etolia is almost in the heart (or centre) of
Greece, Cic.
fgreasus. us. m. A step, a pace : hue dirige gressura, hither direct year
course (even by sea), Virg.
grex, gregis. ra. 1. A flock, a herd, a swarm (of any kind of animal):
armenta gregesve, herds of cattle, or flocks of sheep, Ov. 2. (Of
persons) A crowd, a multitude, a troop, a company : scribe tnj gregis hue.
 GBU-GTP 219
snrol this man among your friends, Hot.; gtege facto, in a body, Sal].
3. +A bundle (of things), [rare.]
tgnmnio, ia. v. ». To grunt.
granuitus. us. m. Grunting.
gras. gruis. m. f. A crane.
Gryneus, i. A name of Apollo (from Grynia, a town in jEolis).
grypa, gryphis. m. [ypty.] A griffin.
gabernaculum, i. «. [Ku€tpiua.} A rudder, a helm (lit. and metaph. of
the government of the state).
gibernatio, onis. / 1. A steering, a piloting. 2. direction, manage
ment.
gibernator, oris. m. 1. A steersman, a pilot. 2. A director, a
governor.
gubernatrix, Icis. /. A directress.
gftberno, as. v. a. 1. To steer, to pilot 2. To direct, to manage, to
gorern : e terra ne gubernaverit, do not let him think to steer the ship while
remaining on land (i. e. let him not think to interfere in a business, or to
get the credit of managing successfully an affair, of which he shares not the
danger), Liv.
S+gubernnm, i. n. A rudder, a helm.
gftla, a. /. 1. The gullet, the throat 2. Gluttony : gulss parens
(fr. pareo), a mere glutton, Hor.
iguloeus, a, nan. 1. Dainty (of an eater), luxurious. 2. Gluttonous,
voracious.
Stgnmia, ae. m.f. A glutton.
^gammi. v.decl. Gum.
tgummosus, a, um. adj. Gummy.
purges, Itia. m. 1. A whirlpool, a gulC 2. §A sea : qui gurges
vitiorum turpitudinumque omnium est, a man who is a perfect flood of all
kinds of vice and iniquity, Cic. : gurges ac vorago patrimonii, a man who
swallows up and devours (i. e. squanders) his patrimony, Cic.
gurgulio, onis. m. The pullet, the windpipe, the throat.
gurgustiujn, in. A small cottage, a hut, a cabin, a hovel.
Jgustatorium, i. n. An antepast, « first course.
gustatus. us. m. 1. The sense of taste. 2. Taste, flavour.
gusto, as. v. a. 1. To taste (lit and metaph.). 2. To tike a slight meal,
to eat 3. To touch lightly on: nullum partem, per retatem, sanse et
salvre republics? gustare potuisti, by reason of your age, you had no op
portunity of enjoying any share in the republic while it was sound and
flourishing, Cic; si gusturit lucellum, if she gets the least taste of
profit, Hor.
gustus, us. m. 1. The act of tasting. 2. JTaste, flavour. 3.
£Tuste, discrimination. 4. £Somc little thing to eat as a relUh, a first
course.
gutta. ae./. 1. A drop. 2. A spot, a natural mark (like the spots on
a leopard, etc). 3. §tA little, a small portion.
tguttatim. adv. In drops, drop by drop.
tguttatus. a, um. adj. Speckled, spotted.
gnttur, firis. n. and fm. 1. The throat, the gullet. 2. Gluttony.
tguttus, L m. A cruet, a small vessel out of which to pour a liquor in
drops.
?Gyga»us, a, nm. adj. Of Gyges king of Lydia, Lydian.
gymnasiarchus, i. m. The master of a gymnasium-
gymnasium, i. n. [yvnri<rtov]. A gymnasium, a school (of any kind, esp.
a school for gymnastic exercises) : gymnasium flagri,a school for the rod, i. e.
a prrson continually flogged, Plaut.
gymnlcus, a, um. adj. \y»nrit.] Gymnastic.
gyuaceum, i n. [yvvMKtiov] also gynaeconitis, Idis, / The woman's
apartment in a house.
gypsitus, a, um. part. fr. gypso. Marked with gypsum or plaster (as a
220 GYP— HAB
slave's foot, to show that he was to be sold for a slave, or the band of a
actor who performed female characters).
Jgypsum, i. ». 1. Gypsum, plaster. 2. A plaster image,
gyrufc, i. m. 1. A circle («p. that described by the movements of so
animal), a circular course, circular motion. 2. A racecourse. 1
(Melaph.) A circuit, a career, a course (of action, of argument, etc).

H.
Habena. se. / A leather thong (esp. a rein.). 2. The lash of a wlip.
3. (Mctaph.) Anything which restrains or governs: classique immitti:
habenas, and he sets sail with all speed, Virg.; irarumque omnes effimdit
habenas, and he gives the rein to his anger, Virg.; se laetus ad auras palnes
ngit, laxis per purum immissus habenis, the palmtree triumphantly rises
into the air, ranging through the pure sky without restraint, Virg. ; popeli
Latialis habenas, the government of the people of Latium, Ov.
habeo, ea, ui, Hum. v. a. I . To have (in every sense), to possess, to
hold (of feelings, etc.), to cherish, to entertain : de qulbus habeo ipse qtwd
sentiam, non habeo autem quod tibi assentior, on which matters I know
what I think myself, but I am not able at all to agree with you, Cic; hoe
habet, he has it, he is wounded (a current expression at gladiatorial shosi),
Virg. 2. To have in use, to use, to wear. 3. To keep, to detsi»
(esp. in custody). 4. To consider, to esteem, to account: magni habe-
batur, it was considered of great importance, Cass. ; dat sign urn ut quest
auorum fugientem viderint pro hoste habeant, he commands them to look
upon any of their own men whom they saw flying as enemies, Liv.; (mm
usu. c. dupl. ace, as) compertumego habeo, I look upon it as established, Ssil;
nee habeo quenquam antiquiorem, nor do I consider any one as more
ancient, Cic; segre habuit, he was indignant, Liv.; illud velim sic habeas,
I desire you to feel sure of (or to believe) this, Cic 5. To treat : un
equiiatu agmen adversarium male haberet, to harass the army of the
enemy with his cavalry, Cass.; eos non pro hostibus habuit, he did not
treat them as enemies, Sail. 6. To be in possession of (the knowledge
of a fact), to know : habes consilia nostra, you know my plane, Cic 7.
To have as a habit : habebat hoc omnino Ca?sar, this was quite a habit of
Caesar's, Cic. 8. To make (a thing which requires continued action, *>
a journey, a march, a speech, a discussion), to hold (an assembly, a levy of
troops, etc.) : querelas quae apud me de illo ipso habebantur, complaints
which were being addressed to me (or, which were being uttered in my
house) respecting his own conduct, Cic Habeo me, to be : quae enm ha
se res haberet, and as this was the state of the case, Cic; bene habet, it ■
well, Cic. ; male se res habet, it is a bad state of affairs, Cic. ; Terentia minus
belle habuit, Terentia was not so well, Cic In animo habeo, to intend (to
do). Sometimes habeo is used with a participle as a kind of auiiliarj
verb. Nondum eum satis habes cognitum, you do not as yet know much
of him, Cic; habeo absolutum suave firos ad Caesnrem, I have completed
(lit. I have by me, in a state of completion) a winning address to Csesar,
Cic
habilis. e. adj. 1 . Handy, manageable, suitable, well suited to (usu. of
things, sometimes of persons). ( c. dat., c. ad nnd ace, sometimes sine c).
Habilis vigor, active vigour, Virg. 2. Read}-, skilful (of persons).
habilitas. f. Handiness, suitableness.
h&billter. adv. In a handy manner, suitably, easily.
habitabils, e. adj. Habitable, fit for dwelling in (or under, as a climate,
etc).
h&bitatio, onis./ A dwelling, a habitation.
haWtator, Aria. m. An inhabitant, a dweller.
 HAB-HAE 221
hlblto, as. c. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To inhabit 2. (r. «.) To dwell, to
lire : cum his habitare enris, to spend one's life in these studies, Cic.
habitude Inis./. Condition, state.
thablturio, is. v. a. To wish to have, to wish for.
habltms, a. am, part, of habeo, q. v.; also +as adj. c. compar., etc. In
good condition, plump.
habitus, lis. m. 1. Condition, plight, state, general appearance, general
character. 2. Habit, dress. 3. Disposition, character.
hactenus. adv. So far, hitherto, to this time, up to this point. Sed haec
hactrnus, but enough of this, Cic.
§Hadriacus, Hadriaticus, and Hadrianus, a, am. Adriatic, of H.idria,
the Adriatic sea, or of the town of Adria in Picenum.
hsedinus, a, urn. adj. Of a kid.
haedus i. m., dim. +haedillus and Jhaediilus, and / heedulea, ae. A kid;
( /< ) hcedi, a small star in the constellation Auriga.
fHaemoniug, a, am. adj.;/. also §H»monis, Idis Thessalian : Haemonia
rtrbs, Trachis, Ov.; Hasmonius puer, Achilles, Ov.; Hsemonii equi, the
horses of Achilles, Ov.; per Haemonios arcus, violentique ora Leonis, between
Sagittarius and Leo (in the zodiac), [because it was the Thessalian Cen
taur Chiron who was changed into Sagittarius], Ov.
Hareo, es. si, sum, and t§heeresco, is, no perf. v.n. 1. To stick, to
cleave, to adhere, to stick fast, to remain firmly fixed (in any place, or in
an opinion), to stand immovably (c. in. and abl. of the place in which, or
c dat. of that to which) : htcrot in salebra, it (a speech) sticks fast in the
bad read, i. e. cannot get on, comes to a standstill, Cic; in omnium gen
tium sermonibus ac mentibus semper hssrebit, it will be a continued topic
of conversation for, and be everlastingly remembered by, all nations, Cic. ;
Hsesit in iia poenis, he fell into, incurred that revenge, Cic; facetum dic
tum emissum hterere debet, a witty expression when shot forth ought to
bit the mark (lit, to stick in the target), Cic; hssrere in jure ac prsetorum
tribunalibus, to be always loitering about the courts of law and the tri
bunals of the praetors, Cic. 2. To keep close to, to be attached to (a
person, as a companion). 3. To hang upon the steps of (as a pursuer,
c dat, or c. in and ace). 4. To stick fast, to be come to a standstill,
to be perplexed, embarrassed, to hesitate at (c. in and abl.) : Hectoris
jEnrajque manu victoria Graium h res it, in consequence of the valour of
Hector and /Eneas the victory of the Greeks was retarded, Virg.
haeresis. iif. [ajfpeffir.] 1. A sect a chosen doctrine or pursuit
haesltantia, ae, and heesitatio, onis. f. Hesitation, embarrassment : lire i-
tantia lingua:; also hreskatio verborum, stammering, Cic.
hacslto, as. v.n. 1. To stick fust to remain fixed. 2. To hesitate, to
be embarrassed, perplexed : lingua hsesitantes, stammering, Cic.
haliaeetus. i. m. [BAs at'cTo'r.] A sea eagle, an osprey.
halitus, us. m. 1. Breath. 2. Exhalation, vapour, fumes.
halo. as. r. n. and fa. 1. (r. n.) To be fragrant, to smell sweetly.
2. +(c. a.) To exhale, to breathe forth.
Jhalter. eris. m. [oAt^o.] A dumbbell used in leaping exercise.
t.hama, as./ A water bucket a fire bucket.
hamatus, a, urn. adj. 1. Hooked, furnished with a hook. 2. Hcok-
shaped, curved. 3. ^Attractive, winning.
•fhamaxo, as. v. a. [auo^a. J To yoke to a waggon.
+hlmiota, as. m. [hamus.] An angler.
himas, i. and dim. fhamulus. I. A hook. 2, Anything hooked or
crooked : curvos dedit unguibus hamos, he gave hooked claws to his feet (or
talonB), Ov.
Jhaphe, es. / [a<Pn-] The yellow sand with which wrestlers sprinkled
themselves.
bara. ae. /. A pigstye.
t hariolatio, onis. / A soothsaying, divination.
222 HAR-HEO
hariolor. aria. v. itp. 1. To practise divination, to be a soothsayer.
2. To talk nonsense.
hari51us, L in. ; and f. thariSla, ae. A soothsayer, a diviner.
harm8nia, te./. [apuori'a. ] Harmony, concord.
fharpago, at. v. a. [ipwdfoi.] To (teal
harpago. onis./ A grappling-hook, a drag, a grapple. 2. t A rapa
cious person.
tharpastum, i. «. A ball to play with, a handball.
§harpa, es. f. [apwn.] A scinwtar, a curved sword.
haruspex, lois.; in and/ thirusplca, as. A diviner, a soothsayer, one who
predicts from an inspection of entrails, a prophet.
harusplcinus, a, um. adj. Of a soothsayer, of divination; f. as sbsW. tiic
art of divination.
o&rusplcinm, i. a. Divination.
hasta, 89. f. 1. A spear: abjecit hastas, he has thrown nway his spear,
i.e. he has lost his courage; emptio sub hasti, a purchase made at sa
auction, because the things first sold by auction were military booty. 2.
A hairpin, or pin to part the hair.
hastatus. a. run. adj. Armed with a spear, (pi. as. as mbtt.) The hastati,
the front line of a Roman army when drawn up in order of battle : mihi
decimum ordinem hastatum aasignavit, he assigned to me (L e. mad* as
captain of) the tenth company of the hastati, Liv.
haitlla, is. a. 1. The shaft of a spear. 2. §A spear.
hand. adr. Not. haudquaqaam. Not at all, by no means.
haurio, is. si. stum and stua. v. a. 1. To draw (water, etc.; roetapL
lesson*, principles, hopes, etc from any source), to take, to derive : spero
equidem mediis.... supplicia hausurum scopulia, I hope that be will pay
the penalty in the middle of the rocks, Virg. 2. To drink, to drink up
(lit. and metnph. as a sword drinks blood, or a pupil imbibes lessons\ to
quaff, to drain to the bottom. 3. To inhale, to imbibe : bausit ccelum,
he breathed the air, Virg.; suspiratibus haustis, having drawn a sigh. Ov.;
cum prima; lucem pecudes hausere, when the first flocks saw the light,
Virg.; vocem his anrilius hausi, I drank in his words with these ears,
Virg. 4. To swallow, to swallow up (lit. and as a bog swallows up),
to devour (as fire does}, to exhaust ; loca luminis bausit, be drained the
spot nf light, or the place where the eye is set, te. he plucked out his
eyes, Ov. 5. To t^ar up, to tear open, to pierce (with a weapon).
thaustrum. i. n. A machine for drawing water.
haustus. iis. in. 1. A drawing, a right of drawing water. 2. A driuk-
ing, a draught : haustus atherii, breath, i. e. soul, Virg.; haustus areas, a
handful of sand, Ov.
hebdomas, adis. / |f/35o;io».] The seventh day,
hfibeo, es, no perf. v. a. To be blunt, torpid, inactive, dim.
hebes, etis. adj. 1. blunt, dull. 2. Dim. 3. Blunted (in any
sense), obtuse, stupid. 4. Slow, lnsy, sluggish. 5. Not acuta,
superficial (of oratory) : exercitus hebes an army of raw recruits, Tac
hebesco, is. no perf. v. m. 1. To grow blunt or dim. "2. To grow
obtuse, stupid, 3. To be inactive, idle.
hebeto, as. v. a. 1. To make blunt, to render less acnte, to render
stupid. 2. To make dull or dim, to dim, to dull, to render less
visible : vos mihi taurorum flammas hebetastis, you mad* tbe flames
breathed forth by the bulls harmless to me, Ov.
Hecateius, a, urn. adj. Sacred to Hecate, magical. Sams Hscateidos berbst,
with the juice of nightshade, Ov.
Hectoreus, a, um. adj. Ot Hector, son of Priam king of Troy : gent* sab
Hectorea, under the Trojan race, Virg.
hedera, as. /. Ivy.
hederiger, era, erum. adj. Wearing crowns of ivy.
hederdaua, a, am. adj. Fall of ivy.
 HEI—HEE 223
Hci! inter}. Alas.
*helciariu3, i. m. [!\ku.] A hauler, a tower.
Heliades, «"" pi./. ["HAios.] The sisters of Phaethon : heliadum nemus, a
grove of poplars (because they were changed into poplars), Ov.
Helice. es./. The constellation of the Great Bear.
Hellconiua, a, urn. adj. Of Helicon, a mountain in Bceotia sacred to the
Muses. tHeliconiades. and JHeliconides, the Muses.
helleborus, i. m. Hellebore.
Hellespontius, a, um, and -tiacus, a, um. On or of the Hellespont, wor
shipped at the Hellespont,
helops, Spil. m. [l\Ao^.] A sturgeon.
Helotae, arum. pi. m. The slaves of the Lacedaemonians,
helttutio. onis./. Gluttony,
beluo. onis. m. A glutton.
heluor. aris. v. drp. To be a glutton. "2. To pour forth, to lavish.
helvella. »./. Potherbs.
ihelvenacus, a, um, and JhelveSlus. a, um. adj. Palish yellow.
Helvetia*, and etlcus, a, um. adj. Of the Helvetii, the Swiss.
hemerodromus, i. [riatpa op6fios. ] A man who runs all day, a courier.
hemlcillus. i. m. Half an ass (as a term of contempt).
-Khemlna, &.f. A small measure.
hemistlcbium, L n. [q/uitrrfx""'-] A hemistich, half a verse.
*hemltrftaeni, i. m. A mild tertian argue.
bendecasyllabi, orum. pi. m. Hendecasyllables, verses of eleven syllables.
Hennseus. a, um, and Hennensis, e. adj. Of Henna, a town in Sicily,
thepatixius, a, um. adj. [f/rap.] Of the liver . . . h. morbus, love, Plaut.
hepteris, Idis. J', [iyrri ipiaau.] A vessel with seven banks of oars.
hera, m.f. A mistress (of a house), a mistress.
herba, ae. dim. herbula, m.f. Grass, any green stalk, or blade, any green
crop, herbage, a herb, a green or herbaceous plant : herbam do, I yield,
Plant.
herbesco. is. no perf. v. n. To grow into green stalks or blades,
herbidus, a, um, Sherbifer, era, crum, and herbosus, a, um. adj. Grassy,
full of grass, producing grass.
T§herblgradus, a, um. adj. Making its way through the grass.
Herceas. a, um. [ipicos.] (An epiih. of Jupiter as) Protecting the house.
herciaco. ia. v. a. (only in the phrase h. familiam, in pass, herciscenda familia).
To divide (an inheritance),
sanctum, i. a. (v. above). An inheritance : hcrctum ciere, to divide an in
heritance, Cic.
Hercule, contr. Hercle. adj. By Hercules, in truth, really.
Herculeus, a, um. atlj. Of, belonging to. sacred to, founded by Hercules or
hi* descendants : Herculean arbos umbrosa corona;, the shady tree which
famishes garlands for Hercules, i. e. the poplar, Ov. ; also fHerculaueos,
a. um. Herculanea p:irs, the tithe (as devoted to Hercules), Plaut.
aeredltarius. a, um. adj. Relating to an inheritance.
hereditas, atis. f. Heirship, inheritance.
koredium, i. n. An hereditary estate.
heres, edis. m.f. An heir, an heiress, an inheritor, a successor (even of in
animate things),
heri. and thirl, adv. Yesterday : hodie atque heri, the other day, Cat
aerifiga, te. m. One who rune away from his master,
aeriiis, e. adj. Belonging to the master or mistress of a family.
hermea, and ma, 85. m. [ip/<TJT.] A pillar or statue of Mercury,
'hernia, x.f. Rupture, hernia.
hSroIcus, a, um. adj. fflfioit.] 1. Of a hero, heroic. 1 JEpic.
heroina, as./, and herois, Idis. ( d.-ii. pi. isin.) [ipuii.J A heroine, a demi-
goddess.
hero*, ois. m. [fipus.] A hero, a demi-god.
herous, a, um. adj. 1. Of a hero, heroic. 2. Epic
224 HER—HIL
hems, i. m. 1. The master of a family. 2. A muter (of property), u
owner.
hesperius, a, am. adj.; also/ hesperis, Wis. Western, Italian.
hesperus, i. m. [ttnrtpot.] The evening star.
hesternus, a, am. adj. Of yesterday ; done, made etc., yesterday : hester-
noque lari, and to the lares to whom sacrifice was offered yesterday, Virg.
heu ! inter). Alas !
he us ! ixlerj. Holloa.
+hexaclinon, i. ». [((cExXifoy.] A coucli to hold six persons.
hexameter, tri. adj. m. [{{d/MTpor.] Hexameter, having six feet
*hexaphonim, i. n. [t{ (pipa.] A litter borne by six men.
hexeris, Idis./. [ej^ens.] A ship with six banks of oars.
hiatus, us. m. 1. An opening, a cleft (often esp. of the opening of tie
mouth, or of the earth by an earthquake or othor cause). 2.§ An open
mouth. 3. £A gaping for, desire for. 4. A hiatus, a gap. Quantum
cceli patet altus hiatus, as wide as the lofty vault of heaven, Lucr.; quid
dignuin tanto feret hie promissor hiatu ? what will the maker of the pro
mise produce worthy of such a wide opening of his mouth, i. e. of such
pompous language ? Hor.
hibernaculum, i. n. 1. $A winter apartment. 2. (Iii/jM Winter
quarters, i. e. tents or huts prepared for the winter quarters.
hiberno, as. v. n. To winter, to pass the winter, to be in winter quarters.
hlbe: nus, a, um . adj. 1 . Of winter, wintry, done in the winter, coming
in the winter: annus hibernus, winter, Hor.; hibernas Alpes, the Alps,
cold as winter, Hor.; hiberno lsetissima pulvere farra, the grain does belt
when there is dust in winter, i. e. in a dry winter, Virg. 2. §Stonnv,
bringing storms (as the wind), agitated by storms (as the sea). 1
(it, pi. as subst.) Winter quarters, magazines for the winter : temaque
traniierint hibema, and [till] the third winter has passed, Virg.
hlbiscum, i. n. Marshmallow.
hlbrlda, m. m. f. A mongrel, a hybrid, one bom of a Roman father and a
foreign mother, or of a free man and a slave.
hie, hsec. hoc, pen. hujvt, etc., pron. dtm. 1. This, that which is present.
2. (When opposed to ille or iste in an enumeration) The latter, the last-
mentioned ; but this is sometimes reversed, so that hie means the former :
melior est certa pax quam sperata victoria; base in tua, ilia in deorum manu
est, the certainty of peace is better than a hope of victory ; the one (i. e.
peace) the one is in your own power, the other depends on the Gods, Liv.;
qui hsec vituperare volunt, those who find fault with the present age, Cic:
hoc est, this means, that is to say, Cic. In prose hie is sometimes made
more emphatic by the addition of ce — hicce, hujusce, etc,—and in the
comic poets and Hor. Sat., of cine : hunccine solem tarn nigrum snrrexe
mini, that this day's sun should have risen so unfavourably on me, Hor.;
hunc hominero velles si tradere, if you would introduce me, Hot.—/. aH.
hac as adv. On this side, in this quarter, by this road, this way.
hie. adv. 1. Here. 2. In this instance, in this affair. 3. (In ora
tory) At present, now, hereupon.
hicmalis, e. adj. 1. Of winter, wintry, coming in winter, caused by the
winter. 2. Stormy, cold.
hiemo, as. r. ». 1. To winter, to pass the winter, to be in winter quar
ters. 2. To be stormy (of the sea), to be cold.
hiems, emis. f. [probnbly fr. Cat.] 1. The winter: hiems snmnut, the
depth of winter, Cic. 2. Stormy weather, a storm. Lc-talis hiems, the
chill of death, Ov.; pessima mut-tti amoris hiems, the sad winter of your
changed love, Ov. (So, " the winter of our discontent," Shakespeare,
Richard III.).
Jhieronici, IB. m. [itpot vik&v.] A conqueror in the sacred games,
hierophanta. as. m. [Upbt <palva.] A hierophant, a high priest.
Mlare, and hllariter. adv. Merrily, cheerfully, gaily.
 HIL — HIU 225
MISrU, e, and (rare) hilarus. a, urn, and dim. hilarilus, a, nm. adj.
Cheerful, merry, light-hearted, jovial, gay, mirthful.
hUaritaa, atis. /., and tMlarltado, Inis. / Cheerfulness, gaiety, good
humour, mirthfulness, hilarity.
bHiro, as. v. a. To cheer, to make cheerful, to gladden.
hillss. arum. pi./. Entrails, sausages.
§fliTlnm , only in ace. and abl. A speech, a thing of no value ; neque pro-
licit hiluni, and he does not get on a bit, Cic. (quoting an ancient poet).
nine. adv. 1. From this place, hence. 2. On this side (as upp. to
iilinc, on that side) : hinc .... hinc, on the one side .... on the other:
bine atque hinc, on either or each side, Virg. ; hinc et inde, from different
quarters, Suet. 3. J After this, henceforth : septimo hinc anno, seven
years ago, Plin. 4. From this source, from this cause, hence, from this
point : hinc omnis pendet Lucilius, on this Lucilius entirely depends, i. e.
all his writings depend on the practice of this license, Hor.
hinnio, is. r. n. To neigh.
hinnltus, da. »«. Neighing.
hinn&leos, i. m. A young roebuck, a fawn.
bio, as. i'. n. 1. To open, to stand open, to gape, to yawn. 2. (Esp.)
To open the mouth. 3. (Of a speech) To be full of hiatus', to be uncon
nected. 4. To gape with wonder, curiosity, or desire for a thing:
carmen hiare lyra, to pour forth a melody on his lyre, Prop.
hippagogi, drum. pi. m. [imrtryoryol,] Horse tiansports.
hippocentaurua. i. in. A hippocentaur, a centaur.
* ^hippodromos. i. m. [Iinros ipAixos.] A hippodrome, a race-course.
thippodamus, i. m. [isTniSajuoj.'J Breaker of horses.
hipporaanes. n. inded. [Tinrot fudvofuu.] 1. A humour which flows from
a mare at certain seasons. 2. JA small black membrane on the forehead
of a new-bom foal; used as an ingredient in love potions.
hippotoxotae, arum. pi. m. [1**os toIottji.] Mounted archers.
hippurua, i. m. A gold-fish.
+hir. n. inded. The palm of the hand.
birclnns, a, nm. adj. Of a goat, of goat's skin.
tihircosus, a, urn. Like a goat, strong-smelling.
hircus, i. m., and dim. ghirculuu, i. m. 1. A goat. 2. A rank
smell.
thirnea. ae. /, and hiraula, a). /. A small pitcher.
hinutos, a, am. adj. i. Shaggy, rough, bristly. 2. §Rude, coarse.
hirtos, a, tun. adj. 1. Shaggy, rough, hairy. 2. §Coarse, unpolished.
hlrOdo, inis f. A leech.
Ihlrandlnlnus, a, am. adj. Of a swallow.
hirundo. inis. f. A swallow.
hifco, is (no perf. or sup.), v. n. 1. To open, to gape, to yawn. 2. To
open the mouth, to speak. 3. §(As v. a.) Tn utter, to speak of.
Hispanus, a, am, and Hispaniensis, e. adj. Of Spain, Spanish.
hispldos, a, am. Rough, shaggy, bristly : hispidos in agros, on the dirty
fields, Hor.
historia, as./ [iVropia.] 1. History : si quid in ea epistola fuit historia
dignum, if there was anything in that letter worth giving a full account of,
Cic.
historical, a, am. adj. 1 . Historical, belonging to history. 2. Well
acquainted with history; (m. as subsl.) a historian.
his trie us. a, *"" adj. Belonging to actors, to the stage.
histrio, onis. m. An actor in a play, a performer.
;_histrionalis, e. adj. Of an actor, like an actor.
+h±striSnia, as./ The art or profession of an actor.
binlco, as. v. a. To cause to gape, to split open.
hiulce. adv. In an unconnected manner.
hioleos, a, am. udj. 1. Gaping, cleft, split, opened, open. 2. (Of
style) liBCCmnected. 3. fOaping from eagerness, eager.
 HOD— HOB
Jr. 1. To-dav. 2. At tttt present time, n the present age.
hodiernal, a. um. <m)'. Of to-day, done to-day, etc : ad hodiernum dies,
at thr present day, Cic
homlcids, as. m. [homo ctedo.] A slayer of men, a murderer.
homo. inii. m. 1. A human being (applied in this sense to woman ■
well at man, but not joined with a fern. adj., though Cic has qsarnsw
homo nata fuerat, since she had been born a human being, i. e. mortal.
Cic i. 2. A man (only in Plant., used hi opp. » muiier, a woman),
(sometimes rather contemptuously), a fellow: cum Socrates Alcibiasi
persuasisset eum nihil hominis php, when Socrates had convinced Aki-
biades that he was of no especial importance a» a man, Cic ; paoeemn
hominom, a man of few friends, particular in his company, Hot- ; com inter
homines esset, while he was alive, Cic ; homines equitesqne, infantry sad
cavalry, Cass.—See Vir.
homullus. i, homnneio, onia, homunculus. i. dim. of prec A little fellow.
a manmkin.
honestamentnm, i. a. An ornament, a grace.
hdnestaa, atis. f. Honourable consideration, honour, credit, respectability :
otnnes hone&tates civitatis, all the respectable part of the citizens, Cic
2. Honourableness of feeling or conduct, honour, integrity, virtue. 2.
Beauty, grace (rare).
hineste. adv. 1. Honourably, decently, becomingly, properly, creditably.
2. Fairly. 3. JNobly (in point of birth).
hinesto. as. v. a. 1. To honour, to do honour to, to dignify. 2. To
ad orn, to embellish.
hfinestus. a, on. adj. 1. Honourable (i. e. regarded' with hangar,
honoured, distinguished, respected, respectable). 2. Honourable (it
virtuous, honest, good, full of integrity ; (of a woman) chaste. 3. Noble-
looking, fine-looking, handsome : honesto loco natus, born in an honourable
rank of life. Cic
honor, and honos, oris. m. 1. Honour, repute, esteem: suura BacdW
dicemus honorem, we will sing Bacchus his due praise, Virg. '.'. PuhSr
honour (i. e. official dignity, office; preferment): quern honoris causa nemres,
whom I mention to do him honour, to show my respect for him, Cic.
3. §An honorary reward, an honorary ottering, an oblation, a sacrifice, a
gift. 4. §Ornament, beauty, grace : prasfari honorem, to ask one's
hearers1 pardon for using an expression of ill-omen, etc (aa we ssy, By
your leave, saving your presence) ; honos prasfandus est, I mutt be;
pardon for the expression, Cic.
honorabllis, e. adj. Honourable, which procures honour.
honorarius, a, urn, adj. Given, or done, or said for ths purpose of cas-
ferring honour, or showing respect, honorary : honorarius arbiter, an arbi
trator chosen by the parties themselves, to show their respect for him.
thonorate. adv. With honour, in an honourable manner.
honoratus, a, um. part. fr. honoro; also as adj. (c. compar., etc.). Honoured,
respected, honourable, respectable.
honorif ice. superl. centissime. adv. Honourably, complimentarilv.
honorifious. a, um. adj. That does honour, honourable, complimentary,
honoro, as. v. a. 1. To invest with honours, to do honour to. 2. To
honour, to respect.
Jhonorus, a. um. adj. Honourable, doing honour to, complimentary.
*hopl6machus. i. m. [SVAo, p^xt-] A heavy-armed gladiator.
hora, as./. [Spa.] 1. An hour: hora quota est? what o'clock is it? Hor.:
in horas, every hour, Hor.; in horam vivere, to live from hour to hour; frost
day to day, from hand to month, Cic. 2. §Time : crattiiuv bom, w-
morrow, Virg. ; omnibus horis, at all times, Plin. 3. (la pi) A dock.
4. (In pi.) The Hours, the goddesses who presided over the changes of lie
seasons.
fhorasuni, i, A pickle made of young fishes.
 HOR-HOS 227
*hordeacenj, a, urn, and £hordearius, a, um. adj. 1. Of barley. 2.
Ripe at the time of the barley harvest.
hordeola, i. n. Barley.
thoria. se. /., and dim. +;.6ri61a, SB. A fish i ngsmaek,
toraotiuus. a, um, and hornus, a, um. adj. [tiptvos.] Of this year, pro
duced or grown this year.
iorologium, L k. [Spa \eya.'] A clock, a dial.
ihoroscopus, i m. [Spa aKowiu.] A horoscope, a nativity.
horrendui, a, am. pari, gerund, of seq.; used also as adj. Dreadful, terrible,
fearful, gloomy looking.
horreo, es, ui, and horresco, i«, no sup. v. n. and §o. a. 1. («.«.) To -
stand on end, to stand erect, to bristle. 2. To shake, to tremble; esp.
to shiver (with cold), to shudder (with fear). 3. To be of a horrid ap
pearance, to look unsightly, to be terrible, horrible. 4. (v. a.) To fear,
to dread. 5. To be amazed at.
horreum, i. *. A barn, agraaary, a storehouse (used also of the hives of bees,
the holes of ants, etc).
horrfbilia, e. adj. 1. Horrible, dreadful, terrible, horrid-looking. 2.
Amazing.
horride. adv. In a rough, uncouth, uncivilised manner.
horridulua, a, um, dim. of seq. Rough, rough-looking, miserable-looking.
horridus. a, tun. adj. 1. Standing on and, bristling, rough, shaggy, (of
bushes, etc.) prickly, unsightly-looking, ill-looking. 2. Rough, un
polished, uncouth. 3. Horrible, dreadful, frightful. 4. §Shivermg
with cold.
§iorrifer. era. erum, and Shorrfficus, a, am. adj. Causing shivering, or
shuddering, or trembling, terrible, dreadful.
?horrIfice. adv. In a horrible manner.
Siorriflco. as. c. a. 1. To make terrible, to roughen. 2. To terrify-
jjhorrisonus, a, um. adj. Sounding terribly.
horror, oris. m. 1. §A standing on end, a bristling (of the hair). 2. A
shaking, a shivering (from cold, or illness, or fear). 3. A trembling,
fear, dread. 4. Religious awe. 5. f§That which frightens.
thorium, adv. This way (after verbs of motion towards).
hortamen, inis. u.. hortamentum, i. a., hortatio, onis. /, and hortatus,
us. m. 1. An exhortation. 2. Encouragement, incitement.
kortator. oris, m., and f. £-atrix, icis. An exhorter, one who encourages,
one who incites or prompts (c. gen. of the act to which).
kortor, aria. v. dtp. 1. To exhort. 2. To incite, to encourage (c
ad and ace, or c. at and stt.'j.. or c. su/tj.. or c. ne and svlj.) : te quidem
hortamur omnes, currentem, ut spero, we all exhort you, who are, as 1 hope,
willing (lit running of your own accord ; as we say, to spur a willing horse),
Cic.
aortal, i. m., and dim. hortiUus, L m. 1. A garden. 2. A country-
seat. 3. Garden-stuff, vegetables (Hor., Sat.).
nowpaa, Itaa. m./., also / hospita, a. 1. A guest, a visitor, a sojourner.
2. An old family triend. 3. A stranger: hospes hujusce urbis, a
stranger in, ignorant of the customs of, this city, Cic. 4. A host, an
entertainer.
hospita. as n. pi. adj. 1. hospitable. 2. Foreign, unknown.
tospitalia, e. Relating to a guest, or to the reception of guests, relating to
a host, hospitable : exdes hospitalis, the murder of a guest, Li v. ; hospi-
tale cubiculum, the guest chamber, Li v.; Jupiter hospitalis, Jupiter the
patron of hospitality, Cic.
hospitalltaa, atia./ Hospitality.
hospltallter. adv. Hospitably.
hospitium, i. u. 1. Hospitality, a hospitable reception. 2. An inn, a
guest chamber, any place where wanderers can be received, hospitable shelter
(even for cattle, Virg.).
hostia, as./ A victim, an animal sacrificed.
228 HOS-HY^
hostlcus, a, urn, and hostllis, e. adj. Of or belonging to an enemy, hostile ;
hosticum (m tu/jtt.), the enemy's territory.
hostiliter. adv. In a hostile manner.
-f-hostio, Is. c. a. To requite.
hostis, is. m.f. 1. A foreigner (rare). 2. An enemy.
hoc. tidy. (After a verb of motion to, of addition, etc.) Hither to this place,
to this point, to this height, to this degree (sometimes c gen ) : hue arts-
gantke venerat, he had arrived at this pitch of arrogance, Tac. ; hue iliac,
hither and thither, to and fro, up and down, in every direction.
huccine. (In asking a question) Is it thus far ? huccine tandem omnia re-
ciderunt? have then all things fallen so low as this ? Cic
hujusmodi. and hujuscemodi. gen. of hie modus (see modus). Of this kind,
of such a kind, such.
humane, and (more rare) humanlter. In a kind, courteous manner.
humanltas, atis./i 1. The qualities, feelings, or inclinations of man'idid,
humanity, human nature: quod est humanitatis tna?, which you owe 10
yourself as a man, Cic. 2. Humanity, humane conduct. 3. Gtn:ie-
ness, kindness, courtesy, good manners, good breeding, obliging dispoftitiae,
politeness: non politioris humanitatis expers, not destitute of refinement 3d
education, Cic.
humanltus. adv. 1. After the manner of mankind : si quid mihi hum:-
nitus accidisset, if any of the misfortunes to which men are liable had
befallen me, i. e. if I had died. Cic. 2. +Kindly, courteously.
hum&nus, a, tun. adj. 1 . Of or belonging to a man, to mankind, htmffi;
what in any way is connected with man, used by him, done by him, dot*
to him, etc. 2. Humane, kind, considerate, obliging, courteous. 3.
Polite, refined, of good education, well informed.
humatio, onis.yi A burying.
humecto. as. r. a. To moisten, to wet, to bedew.
fhfimectus, a, im. adj. Wet.
humco, es, and humesco, is, no pert or sup. v. n. To be wet, moist : ha-
mentemque Aurora polo dimoverat umbram, and Aurora had driven the
shades of dewy night from heaven, Virg.
humerus, i, m. 1. The upper part of the arm, the npper arm. '-•
The shoulder (prop, only of men, but used also of animals).
•f-humlde. adv. By reason of moisture.
hfimldus, a, tun, and dim. §humldulus, a, tun. adj. 1. Wet, moist,
damp, dank. 2. Hainy : pontes humido paludum imponere, to throw
bridges over the damp ground of the swamps, Tac; humida vina, wine
formerly liquid (now frozen), Virg.
Sjhumlfer, era, erum. adj. Containing moisture.
humllis, e. adj. [ humus.] 1 . On the ground, i. e. low, lowly, situated on low
ground. 2. Short, small (in stature). 3. §Shrtllow. 4. Humble,
inconsiderable, lowly, of low rank, of poor condition, insignificant 5.
Mean, abject, base.
humllltas, atis. f. 1. Lowness, want of height, lowness of situiuta.
2. Lowliness (of rank, birth, condition, etc.), meanness, insigniScaace.
3. Meanness, abjectness, baseness (of spirit, etc.).
humlllter. adv. 1. Low. 2. Meanly, abjectly.
humo, as. v. a. To bury, to inter.
humor, iris. m. Moisture, liquid of any kind (applied with correspond)!:
epithets to rain, tears, wine, milk, etc.).
humus, i.f. 1. The ground. 2. § A land (gen. humi a.« adr.. on its
ground) : hnmum ore mumordit. he bit the dust, i. e. died, Virg.
hyacinthlnus, a, urn «</;. Of a hyacinth.
hyacinthus, i. m. [udWflot ] The hyacinth (not the flower we know by
that name, but some kind of iris).
Hyatles, urn. pi./, [id&fs.] A group of stars in the head of Taurus, sup
posed to bring rainy weather.
hyasna, ea.f. A hyajna.
 HYA-IDJ! 229
hyalus, L m. Glass : hyali color, a bottle-green, Virg.
Hyantseus, and Hyanteus, a, am. adj. Boeotian, Theban.
Hyblaeus, a, um. adj. of Hybla. A mountain in Sicily, celebrated for its
bees,
hydra, tB./. A hydra, a make,
hydraulus, i. m. [tlowp aSAoy.] A water organ,
thydraules, ae. m. One who plays the water organ,
hydria. ae. /. [Soup.] A jug, an ewer,
hydroplcus, a, tun. adj. Dropsical, ill with dropsy.
hydrops, opis. m. Dropsy,
hydros, i. m. A water serpent.
*Hygea, as, and Hygeia, 98./ The Goddess of Health.
Hymen, indrcl,, and Hyinenaeus, i. n. 1. The God of Marriage. 2.
A nuptial song.
Hymetlius, a, um. adj. Of Ilymettus, a mountain near Athens, celebrated
both for bees and marble : trnbes Hymettiae, marble slabs, II or.
Hyperboreus, a, mo. adj. [inrip fiopeas.] Hyperborean, northern.
Hyperion, onis. m. [tnrtpiav.] 1. The Father of the Sun. 2. The
Sun.
hypodidascalus, i. m. An under-teacher.
hypomneina, atis. all. pi., also atis. n. A memorandum.
Hyrcanus. a, am. adj. Of the Hyrcani, a tribe in the Caspian Sea.
'hystericus, a, am. adj. [iartpa.] Hysterical.

I.
SIncchus. i. m. 1. Bacchus. 2. Wine.
iambeus, a, am. adj. Iambic.
iambus, i. in. An iambic foot, verse, or poem.
Iapetionldes, 89. m. A son of Iapetus, Prometheus, or Atlas.
Iapyx, ygis. m. The W. N. W. wind : equus Iapyz, a horse bred near the
lapygian promontory in South Italy, Virg.
Iasonius. a, am. adj. Of Jason : lasonia carina, the ship Argo, Prop. ;
Iasonius remex, a rower in the Argonautic expedition, Prop.
iaspis. Idis. f. Jasper.
Iber, eri. m. A Spaniard.
Iberns, a, am, and Ibericus, a, am. Of the river Ebro, Spanish.
Ibi. adv. 1. These, in that place. 2. Then, on that. 3. In that
particular, in that respect.
Ibidem, adv. 1. In the same place, just there. 2. Moreover.
Ibis, is, and Idis.y. A bird considered sacred by the Egyptians, an ibis.
Icarias, a, um. adj. Of Icarus, the son of Daedalus: Icaiium mare, the
southern part of the .ligean sea: Icnrii Stella Canis, the Dogstar (as the
dog of Icarus was changed into that constellation), Ov.
idcirco. adc. Therefore, on that account,
ichneumon, onis. m. An ichneumon, a kind of Egyptian rat.
ICO, is ( rare except in pass, per/.), ictus sum, etc. To strike, to wound, to
smile : fredus quod iceras, the treaty which you had made (because on
making a treaty a victim was slain), Cic; nova re consules icti, the consuls
disturbed by the strangeness of the affair,
tieterleus, a, um. adj. Ill of the jaundice,
ictus, us. m. A blow, (lit. and metaph.) a stroke, a wound: mei pollicis
ic'.um, the way in which I strike the lyre (with my thumb), Hor.
Idaeus, a, um. adj. Of Ida, the name of a mountain in Crete, where Jupiter
was nursed, and of another in Phrygia near Troy. 1. Cretan. '-.
Phrygian, Trojan : Alma parens I data Deum, Cybele the mother of the
Q 3
 IDA— IGN
fnl?, wiirsliippcd on Ida in Phrygia, Virg.; Idaens pastor, Paris, who kept
his sheep on Ida, Cic.
Idilnu, a, fxm. adj. Of Idalium, a city in Cyprus, sacred to Venus; idilit,
es (as subst.), Venus,
Idem, eadem, Idem, ejutdem, ei- , eundem, eandem, idem, etc. pne. I.
The same. 2. When followed by qui, die same as, more rarely idem ft, or
idem ut: si queeratur idemne sit pertinacia et peraeverantia, rf the question
be whether pertinacity be the same thing as perseverance (or wbetjier ser-
tinacity and perseverance be the same thing). 3. (When referring t» a
single subject) Also, at the same time : vidimus fuisse quosdam qai idea
ornate et graviter, iidem versute et subliliter dicerent, we see that there
have been some orators who spoke with elegance and dignity, and at the
same time -(or, also) with cunning and subtlety, Cic; idem pacis eras
mediusque belli, you were equally suited at the same time both to peace
and war, I lor.
Identidem. adv. Repeatedly, several tiroes, over and over.
Ideo. adv. Therefore, on that account : si tamen tempestate fuerit abrntin
non ideo minus erit gubernator, but if he was carried out of his coarse by a
storm, it does not follow on that account that he is not a pilot, Quint.
ldiota, SB. m. [iSicoTT/r.] An ignorant, inexperienced person, one not versed
in the particular art or science in question, one of the laity.
Idomeueus, a, tun. adj. Of Idomene, a city in Macedon, Macedonian.
Idonee. adv. In a suitable, sufficient, adequate, proper manner.
Idoneus, a, am. adj. Fit, suitable, adequate to, able, capable of managing,
capable of doing; proper (of persons or things) (c. ad and ice., or c dat. rr
sine c, § c intin., also c. qui) : idoneus non est qui impetret, he is not i
„ proper person to obtain by entreaty, Cic
Idumffius, a, urn, adj. Of Palestine.
Idas, ftj. f. The day which divides tho month, depending on the number
of nones in the month ; therefore in March, May, July and October oa the
fifteenth; in the other months on the thirteenth. There were eight dsyi
of Ides, reckoned backwards, as in the case of the Calends : Prid. li,
the day before the Ides, the 14th or 12th, as the case might be; Ten li,
the 13th or 1 lth, etc.; a. d. (i. e. ante diem) vm Idus Januariu*. the vita
of January, Cass.; omnem redegit Idibus pecuninm, he (a usurer) got in all
hie money on the Ides (because the interest of borrowed money was paid •
the Ides), Hoc.
Igltur. adv. 1. Therefore, on that account, consequently. 2. Thai
(not in point of time) : canine rationem igitur sequare ? would yon thst
adopt that principle? Cic,
Ignarus, a, um. adj. 1. Ignorant, inexperienced, unacquainted vkt
(often c. gen. of that with which). 2. Unknown.
ignave. adv. In an idle, indifferent manner, lazily.
ignavia, as. f. 1. Inactivity, laziness, indolence, idleness. 2. Cow
ardice.
Ignavus, a, tun. adj. 1. Inactive, lazy, indolent, idle. 2. Spk-ideis,
cowardly. 3. Motionless, not exerting oneself in tbe usual way; there
fore (of a tree) unfruitful, (of a mouth) speechless. 4. Making inactive,
rendering torpid (as cold, heat, etc.).
ignesco, is, no perf. or sup. r. n 1. To catch fire, to take fire, to tu—»
on fire, to kindle, to bum. 2. To become inflamed (metaph. of sugar,
etc.).
igneua, a, um. adj. 1. Of fire, on fire, burning. 2. (Metaph.) Fiery,
ardent, glowing, fervid, vehement. 3. Under the disguise of fire, ef the
colour of fire, red.
ignlculus, i. m. A little fire, a spark of fire : ignicuios desiderii tui, tbe
violence of our regret at your absence, Cic.
Signlfer, era, erum. adj. Bearing or bringing fire, fiery.
ignlgena, se. m. Born in the fire (an epith. of Bacchus), whose asothcr
Semele was killed by Jupiter coming to her clothed with lightning, etc
 IGN- ILL 231
(jigrupes. edis. adj. m. Fiery-footed.
jSignlpdtens, -eatis. adj. Mighty in works wrought by fire, (as sufisl.)
Vulcan.
ignis. is. m. 1. Fire (IH. and metnph.'). 2. §(Esp.) The fire of love.
3. Fiery brightness, brilliancy : non pulchrior ignis accendit obsessam
Iiinn, no more beautiful object of love was the cause of the burning of
besieged Troy, Hot.
ignobilis. e. adj. 1. Unknown to fame, obscure, destitute of renown.
2. Of low birth, mean, ignoble, base.
ignoblHtas, atis. f. 1. Obscurity, want of renown. 2. Lowness of
birth.
ignonunia, tt.f. 1. Loss of reputation, ignominy, infamy, disgrace ; ig-
noroinia senatus, a disgrace inflicted by the Senate, Cic
'ignominiose. adv. In a disgraceful, ignominious manner.
ignomlniosns, a, Qm. adj. 1. Disgraceful, ignominious. 2. ^Branded
with ignominy.
Ignorabilis, e. adj. Unknown.
Ignorantia. ae./, .md iguoratio, onis./ Ignorance.
Ignore as. v. a. Not to know, to be ignorant of, unacquainted with: nocttrr-
nis et aviie Hineribus ignoratus Romanos palantes repente aggreditur, [pur
suing Metellus] by niuht marches and out-of-the-way paths, he suddenly
attacks the straggling Romans before his proximity to them is known, Sail.;
ignoratus evasit, he escaped without being recognised, Tac.
ignosco, is, novi (per/, past, not used in this sense), v. a. To pardon,
to forgive, to excuse (c. dat pers.) (when both the offender and the offence
are mentioned, c. ace. rei, dat. pers.) : ignoscentior, more forgiving, Ter.
Ignotus, a, um. part. pass. fr. ignosco, but used in a distinct sense as
adj. (c. compar. etc.). 1. Unknown. 2. Strange, foreign. 3. Ob
scure, of obscure origin. 4. (Rare) Unacquainted with, ignorant.
Ilex, icis. / The holmoak.
Ilia, itun. pL n. 1. The groin, the flanks. 2. The bowels, the
entrails.
Hiatus, a, tun, and Ilius, a, um. adj. Of Ilium, Troy, Trojan ; (/) Bias,
_ adis. 1. A Trojan woman (esp. Helen). 2. The Iliad.
Iliades, as. m. The son of Ilia, Romulus, or Remus.
lUoet. adv. 1. fQo, let us go. 2. fAU is over. 3. Immediately,
instantly.
JUIcetum, i. n. A grove of holmoak s.
jniceus, a, on, and ilignus, a, Tim. adj. Of holmoak, made of holm-
oak.
Lion. i. »., and Ilios, i./, and ilium, n. Troy.
^illabefactus, a, um. adj. Unshaken, unimpaired.
illabor, eris, lapsus sum, v. dtp. I. To fall, to glide, to flow into (c ad
or in and ace.; §c. dat.). 2. To fall upon. 3. To fall, to fall in
ruins.
^illaboro, as. v. n. To work at, to work upon.
iliac, adv. 1. That way, on that side. 2. gThitlicr.
*illacessitus. a, um. adj. Unprovoked, unatUcked.
Sillacrymabilis. e. I. Unwept, unlamented. 2. Not to be moved by
tears, inexorable.
illicrymo, as. v. n.. and illacrymor. aris. v. dtp. 1. To weep over, to
weep at, (c. dat) to weep. 2. To give out moisture, to drip,
illaesns, a, um. adj. Unhurt, uninjured.
§iIlsetabHis, e. adj. Joyless, cheerless, sad.
illaqneo. as. t. a. To entangle, to ensnare.
illatus, a, um. part pass. fr. infero.
illaudat us. a, um. adj. Unpraised, not worthy of praise, infamous.
ille, a, ud. -;.». ill'ius. ;;ru;/. 1. lie. 2. That : Xenophon Soeraticus
ille, Xenophon the celebrated pupil of Socrates, Cic; non dicam illinc hoc
signum ablatum esse et illud, I will not say that one or two statues were
Q4
232 ILL
carried aw»y from thence, Cic. Hie, when opposed to hie (q. t.) in aa
enumeration, means the more remote in order, i. e. the former; a* [Dam
et /Ethiops] hie classe formidatus, ille missilibus melior sagittis, the latter
(the Egyptian) formidable with hit fleet, the former more skilful with
missile arrows, Ilor. ;— nbl. /. as adv. ilia, by that way, in that direction ;
illo, as adv. thither, to that place : line omnia Caesar eodem illo pernnere
arbitrabatur, Ciesar thought that all these things had the same object (lit
tended to the same point), Cses. ; ez illo, from that time, Virg.
illScebra, as./. 1. An allurement, enticement, attraction, charm. 3.
+A decoy, a decoy bird.
•f-illecebrosus, a, am. adj. Alluring, attractive.
illectus, a, am. adj. Unread.
illectus, a, am. pari. fr. illiceo, q. v.
fiUectas, us. m. Enticement, attraction.
illepide. adv. Inelegantly, in a manner devoid of wit or neatness.
illepldus, a, am. adj. Devoid of wit, of good humour, unmannerly, uncouth.
tillex, egis. adj. [lex.] Out of the pale of the law.
tillex, Icis. adj. [illicio.] Enticing, seductive ; (m. as nisi.) a seducer.
illibatus, a, am. Untasted, undiminished, unimpaired.
illiberalis, e. adj. Unworthy of a freeman, ignoble, mean, ungenerous, dis
obliging, sordid.
illiberalltas, atis./ Illiberality, conduct unworthy of a freeman, meanness,
sordid conduct.
illiberaliter. adv. In a mean, illiberal, sordid way.
■f illic. iliac, illoc or uc. An old comic form of ille, q. v.
illic. adv. There, in that place (sometimes of a person): initiurn illic fait, it
began with him, Tac.
illicio, Is, lexi, lectum. v. a. To allure, to entice, to attract; (usu. in a bad
sense) to seduce, to decoy, to inveigle, to mislead.
illlcltator, oris. m. [licitor.] A mock bidder, a pretended buyer.
illlcltus, a, am. adj. Unlawful, illegal, forbidden by the laws.
illico. adv. 1. t There, in that place. 2. Immediately, at once. 3.
As an immediate or necessary consequence.
illido, is, si, sum. r. a. To dash (one thing) against another (c ad or in
and ace, or c dat. of the second object), to strike against, to dash, u
drive.
illlgo, as. r. a. 1. To bind, to tie, to fasten. 2. To entangle, to
fetter, to embarrass. 3. To connect.
§illimis, e. adj. [limits.] Free from mud, clear.
illinc ; also (very rarely) illim adv. I. Thence, from thence, from that
place. 2. From that quarter, side, party or person.
illino , is, levi, litum. v. a. 1 . To put on by smearing, to smear on, to
lay on, to spread on. 2. To besmear, to bedaub : non fuco illitus, not
daubed over with colour, Cic. ; quodcunque semel chartia ille verit, whatever
he has once smeared upon paper, i. e. written, Hor.
illlqucfactus, a, am. adj. Melted, liquefied.
illlsus. a, tun. part. pass. fr. illido, q. v.
illiteratus, a, urn. adj. Illiterate, unlearned, uneducated.
illitus. a, urn. part pass. fr. illino.
tilloc. adv. Thither.
illotus, a, am. adj. 1. Unwashed, dirty. 2. Not washed off.
illuc. adv. 1. Thither, to that place. 2. To that point : hue illuc, hue
et illuc, up and down, to and fro, in every direction, Cic, Ilor.
filluceo, es ; more usu. illiicesco, is, luxi, no sup. v. n. To begin te
shine, to dawn (of the day). 2. t'l'o shine upon (c ace, as impers.) : obi
illuxit, when day broke, as soon as it was dawn, Li v. ; quum Populo Ro
mano vox et auctoritas Consulis repente in tantis tenebris illuxerit, when the
Toice and authority of the Consul suddenly broke upon the Roman people
in the midst of such perplexity, Cic.
illudo, is, si, sum. t>. n. and a. 1. (v. a.) To play, to amuse oneself. 2.
 ILL—IMI 233
(r. a.) To make sport of, to jeer, to ridicule (c dat. or c. ace., +c. in and
ace) : ill usas auro vestes, garments delicately embroidered with gold, Virg. ;
illusi pedes, the self-deceived feet (of a drunken man, which cannot stand
or walk properly, though they think they can), Hor. ; corpus illusisse dice-
batur, he was said to have seduced her, Tac.
illomino, as. r. a. 1. To give light to, to make light, to illuminate.
2. To make brilliant, to adorn, to embellish, to set off. 3. To make
illustrious.
jillflmin, e. Moonless.
illoxio, onis./". 1. Ridicule. 2. Irony.
illustratio. onis. / Vivid representation.
illastre. adv. (chiefly in compar. ius). Clearly, plainly.
illuatris, e. adj. 1. Lighted up, clear, light, bright. 2. Clear, plain,
evident. 3. Illustrious, famous, renowned, celebrated, remarkable.
illnitro, as. v. a, 1. To give light to, make light, illuminate. 2. To
make clear, to explain, to make evident. 3. To make conspicuous, no
torious, to render illustrious.
illuvies, Si./ I. Dirt, filth. 2. JWater left by a flood.
imaginarius, a, am. adj. Imaginary, fancied, existing only in the fancy.
Cimaginatio, onis./ A mental image, a fancy, an imagination.
^lrcaglnor, aris. t>. dtp. 1. To fancy, to imagine, to picture to oneself.
2. To dream.
Imago, Inis. f. 1. An imitator, a copy, an image, a likeness, an effigy of
any kind, an impression on a seal, etc., (esp. an image of one's ancestors who
have filled offices in the state). 2. §An appearance, a phantom. 3.
An image as represented to the mind, a conception, an idea. 4. In
rhetoric, a similitude, a comparison. o. An unreal form, a shadow, a
semblance : vocis imago, the reflection of the voice, the echo, Virg. ; jocosa
Vaticani Montis imago, the playful echo of the Vatican Hill, Hor.
imbecille. adv. Weakly, feebly, faintly.
imbecillitas, atis. f. Weakness, feebleness, imbecillity, helplessness (of
condition, health, mind, body, &c).
imbecillus, a, am. adj. 1. Weak, feeble, powerless. 2. J Unsub
stantial.
imbellis, e. adj. [bellum.] 1. Unsuited to war, disinclined
warlike, peaceful, timid, effeminate. 2. Weak, powerless.
imber, bris. m. 1. Rain, a storm or shower of rain, a shower (metaph.
of arrows etc.). 2. §A raincloud, a cloud. 3. £(In pi.) Rainwater.
4. i Any water, the sea, tears, etc.
imberbis. e. adj. Beardless.
imbibo, is, blbi, bibitum. v. a. 1. To drink in, to imbibe (lit and me
taph.). 2. To imbibe an idea, to conceive a plan, to determine.
timbito. is. v. a. To enter.
imbrex, Icia. m. A gutter tile, a tile.
tiaibrlcus. a. am, and imbrifer, era, ennn. adj. Bringing rain, rainy.
imbuo, is, oi, atom. t>. a. 1 . To wet, to moisten, to soak.
stain, to imbue, (metaph.) to dye. 3. (Metaph.) To imbue (the mind,
etc) with, to train in, to instruct in : tuum imbue opus, inaugurate (be the
first to try the effect of) your own work ; sanguine bellum imbuit, she
opened the war with bloodshed, caused the first shedding of blood in
the war, Virg. ; illo eadem cursu prima imbuit Amphitriten, that ship by
her voyage first initiated the sea, unaccustomed to such a burden, Cat.;
imbuis exemplmn, you set the example, Prop.
lmitabllis, e. adj. That may be imitated, to be imitated.
glmltamen, Inis. n., and Jlmltamentum, i. n. An imitation, a resem
blance.
Imltatio, finis./. 1. Imitation, the art of imitating. 2. An imitation,
a copy.
Imitator, oris. n».,/ imitatrix, icis. An imitator : imitatrix ales, the imi
tative bird, Ov.
234 IMI-IMM
Imltor, aril. r. step., also fisnito, u (pari, inritattn in pats, sense, Cic and
Ot.). To imitate, to oopjr, to represent, to portray, to counterfeit : mritaudi
canuina, poems (dramatic) to be represented by action, to be performed,
Liv.; stipitibus ferrnm sudibusque imitantur obottis, they supply the place
of steel weapons with bludgeons, and stakes burnt at the end, Virg.
Simmadesco, if, dui, no sup. v. n. To become wet, to be wet.
immane. adv. 1. Excessively, very greatly. 2. Terribly, fiercely.
immanis. e. adj. 1. Monstrous (in size), vast, huge, enormous. '-.
Fierce, savage, cruel.
immanitas. r.tis. f. 1. Greatness, excessive magnitude. % Craelty,
fierceness, inhumanity.
§immansuetus, a, urn. adj. Untamed, cruel, savage.
immaturitas, atis. f. 1. Untimely haste. 2. £ Unripeness.
immaturua, a, um. adj. 1. Untimely, premature. 2. Unripe; (sf I
maiden ) not yet marriageable. 3. Dying before one's time.
gimmedicabHis. adj. I. Incurable. 2. Inflicting an incurable wound.
immemor. oris. ailj. no neut. Unmindful, forgetful, forgetting (c. gen.).
2. fFurt'otten.
f gimmemorabflis, t. adj. 1. Unworthy to be mentioned. 2. Inde
scribable.
Simmemoratus. a, run. adj. Unrelated, uncelebrated, new.
immensitas. atis./) Immensity, vasiness.
immensum. adv. Immensely, excessively.
immensus, a, um. adj. [in metior.] Immeasurable, immense, excessiTe,
very large, boundless, endless; (n. as subst.) a vast space, boundless
space.
Simmerens, entia. adj. Not deserving (injury), innocent
immergo, is, si, sum. v. a. To dip into, to plunge into, to immerse (c abL,
or c. in and ace.) ; se assentationibus in Asinii consuetndrnem penitos im-
mersit, by his flattery he insinuated himself into the closest intimacy wits
Asinius, Cic.
immerlto. adv. Undeservedly, unjustly.
immeritus, a, tun. adj. 1. (In act. sense) Who has not deserved (esp.
evil), innocent. 2. (Pass.) Undeserved, unmerited.
Simmersabilis. e. adj. That cannot be drowned.
immetatus, a, am. adj. Unmeasured, not measured.
inimigro, aa. r. n. To remove into, to enter (c. in and ace.).
immlneo. is, no perl or sup. v.n. To project over, to hang over (c dat):
imminente Luna, while the moon is shining overhead, Hot. 2. To bead
towards, to turn towards. 3. To adjoin, to be next to, to border on.
4. To keep close to (in pursuit), to follow closely. 5. To threaten (by
proximity, of armies, nations, or places). 6. To impend, to be imminent
(of fortune, events, dangers, etc.). 7. (c. in and ace., or c. dat.) To ba
intent upon, eager to obtain or to grasp, eager for : Verree avaritia semper
hiante atque imminenti fnit, Verree was of a covetousness always open-
mouthed and greedy, Cic.
imminuo, is, ni, tttnin. r. a. 1. To diminish, to lessen, to contract '-. To
weaken, to impair, to damage.
imminutio. onis. f. I. Diminution, a lessening, impairing : imminuiu
corporis, mutilation of the person, Cic.
immisceo. es, cui, mixtum. r. a. To mix in, to mingle, to intermingle :
immisceo me, and pans, immisceor, to involve oneself in, to be involved in
(c. dat.) : cum se immiscuissent colloquiis barbarorum, when they had
mingled in conversation with the barbarians, Liv.
§imm!si>raMlis, e. adj. Unpitied.
timmiserioorditer. adv. Pitilessly.
immlsericors. dis./ Pitiless.
Immissio, onis./ A letting grow.
immitis, e. adj. 1 . Not soft, rough, harsh, sour. 2. Harsh (in i
or feeling), cruel, savage, inhuman.
 IMM 235
immitto, is, misi, missum. v. a. 1. To send in, to send against, to
throw in, to throw against, to drive against, to thrust into (c in and ace.) :
jactam et immissam a te nefariam injuriam semper duxi, I always thought
that a wicked injury had been aimed and discharged at me by you, Cic
2. To introduce, to instil into, to infuse into (c. dat.). 3. To set on,
to instigate. 4. To install. 5. To let loose (esp. reins, etc) : ira-
missis rotis, with swift wheels. Prop. ; immissa barba, his beard which
had been let grow; immissi alii in alios rami, branches which had grown
into, become entangled with, one another, Lir.
immo. adv ; usu. the first word in its number of the sentence, scarcely ever
later than the second (immo signifies " no," but with this peculiarity, that
at the same time something stronger is put in the place of the preceding
statement which is denied, Zumpt, § 277.). Nay, on the contrary; nay
lather; one should rather say; — so that in some cases, esp. after a negative
or interrogative sentence, it may be rendered, aye: vivit? immo etiam
in striatum venit? does he live, do I say? aye, he even comes into the
senate, Cic
immobllis, e. Immoveable, motionless, unshaken.
immoderate, adv. Without rule, without restraint, extravagantly, without
moderation, with extravagant grief, etc.
immoderatio, onis./ Want of moderation, extravagance.
immoderatus, a, tun. adj. 1. Boundless, immeasurable. 2. Immo
derate, unrestrained, excessive, violent.
immodeste. adv. Without moderation, extravagantly.
-f-^lmmddeatia, as. f. Want of moderation, violence.
immodestus, a, am. aJj. Without moderation, unbridled, extravagant, im
pudent.
immodlce. adv. Without moderation.
immodicus, a, urn. adj. Without moderation, without bounds, immoderate,
excessive, unrestrained, extravagant (sometimes c. gen.): as, immodicus
leetitias, extravagant in his demonstrations of joy, Tac; immodici tluctus,
vast waves, Ov.; imraodicum rostrum, a preposterously long beak, Ov.
gimmodulatns, a, um. adj. Badly modulated, inharmonious.
immolatio, dnis. /. A sacrificing, a sacrifice.
immolate?, oris. m. A sacrificer.
immolitus. a, um. ov//. Built.
immolo, as. r. a. (mola, because victims were sprinkled with meal). 1.
To sacrifice, to immolate. 2. §To slay.
immordeo, es. di, sum. v. a. To bite into, to corrode.
immorior, eris, mortaus sum. r. dep. To die upon or in (c dat.): immoritur
studiis, he works himself to death in his pursuit.
^ixomoTor, aris. v. dep. To linger in; (metaph.) to dwell on.
immortalis, e. adj. Undying, immortal, everlasting.
immortalltaa, atis.y: Immortality; (lit. and inetapb.) imperishable fame.
immortaliter. adv. Infinitely, excessively.
immotui, a, am. adj. 1. Unmoved, unshaken. 2. Immovable, fixed,
unchangeable.
fimmugio, Is. ivi, itom. r. n. To roar in, to roar.
immulgeo, es, xi. no sup. v. n. To milk in.
immundus, a, am. adj. Unclean, dirty, filthy; (metaph.) foul, unbecoming.
Ximmunio, is, ivi, Itom. e. a. To fortify.
immuaia, a. adj. 1. Free or exempt from any public duty or charge,
exempt, free (c. abl., more rarely c. gen., common in poet.), idle (of a
drone), Virg. 3. Without making presents (of a lover), Hor. ; free from
guilt, innocent, Hor.; immunemquc aequoris Arcton, and the Bear which
does not set in the sea, Ov. ; immunis rostroque intacta (tellus), (the earth)
spontaneously and without being touched by the harrow [produced crops],
Ov.
immfinitas, ati*. /. Exemption (from burdens, charges, etc.), freedom, im
munity.
236 IMM—IMP
immunltus, a. nm. adj. Unfortified.
cimmurmiiro, as. v. n. To murmur at, in, against or on.
immutabllis, e. adj. Unchangeable, immutable.
immutabiilltas, atis. / Unchangeableness, immutability.
immutatio, onis. /. A changing, an exchanging, a putting one tiling or
word instead of another.
immutatus, a, um. adj. Unchanged, unaltered.
.; immutesco, is, tui (no sup.), t>. n. To become dumb.
immuto. as. v. a. To change, to alter.
Simpacatus, a, um. adj. Not tranquillised, not peaceful; fierce, warlike.
imyallesco. is, lui (no sup.), v. n. To grow or turn pale at (c daL).
impar. gen. aria. adj. 1. Unequal, unlike, dissimilar: imparibus carmini
facta mollis, poems written in verses of unequal length (i. r. in hexameters
and pentameters). 2. Unequal to (i. e. inferior to, not a match for):
impar hello, incapable of conducting war, Tac. : impar dolori, unable to
support grief, Tac. ; certamen impar, an unequal strife, Ov. (usu. c dst,
once c. abl.) ; nee fades impar nobilita ti fuit, nor was her beauty inferior to
her high birth, Ov. ; ludere par impar, to play at odd and even, Hor.;
si toga dissidet impar, if his gown is put on awry, Hor.
imparatus, a, um. adj. Not ready, unprepared; unprovided.
imparlter. adv. Unevenly, unequally.
impastus, a, um. adj. . Unfed, hungry.
inipatlbllis, e. adj. Intolerable, unendurable.
impatiens, entis. adj. That cannot bear, that will not endure, impatient cf
(c. gen.) : impatiens irso, unused to govern his wrath, Ov.; impatiens res-
titit una viri, one was disinclined to a husband, Ov.
Jimpatienter. adv. Impatiently.
impatientia, as./. Impatience, inability to endure.
impavlde. adv. Fearlessly, undauntedly.
impavidus, a, um. adj. Fearless, intrepid, undaunted.
impedlmentum, i. n. 1. A hindrance, an impediment, nn obstacle. 2,
(In pi.) Baggage, luggage.
impSdio. Is, Ivi, itum. v. a. [in pes.] 1. To fetter, to entangle, to hamper:
impeditus (cervus) cornibus, [the stag] caught by his horns, Phsedr. S.
§To encircle, to embrace, to crown : fra-n is impediuntur equi, the hones art
harnessed with bridles, Ov. 3. To embarrass, to perplex. 4. Tt
hinder, impede, obstruct (the agent or the deed), (sometimes c ace. pen,
ab and abl., or abl. sine prep, rei ; often c. ne, quin, or quominui and
subj., more rarely c infin.): ipsa disceptatio nobis impedita est, the discus
sion itself was made intricate (was embarrassing) to us, Liv.
impeditio, onis./. Hindrance, embarrassment.
impeditus, a. um. pari. pass. fr. impedio; but used also as adj. (c. compar.,
etc.). 1. Encumbered with baggage. 2. Embarrassed. 3. Engaged,
occupied, busy. 4. (Of ground, etc.) Difficult of passage, intricate,
troublesome to find one's war through: impeditis reipublicae temporibos,
at a very perplexing crisis of the state, Cic. ; cum victoribus nihil imptditma
arbitrarentur, as they thought there was no further difficulty in the tray of
the conquerors, Ca;s.
impello, is, piili, pulsum. r. a. 1. To push, to strike. 2. To drive on or
forward, to urge on, to impel: utque impulit anna, and as he brandished his
arms ; nervoque sagittam impulit, and he discharged the arrow from the
string, Ov. .'!. To instigate, to incite, to stimulate, to persuade (c in or
ad and ace. of the object, or c. ut and subj.; §c. infin.): animum labanten
impulit, he has gained influence over my wavering mind, Virg. 4. To
repel, defeat, put to flight : impulit men tern, he gave an additional push to
him in his fall, Tac.
impendeo, es, no perf. or sup. (Lucr. has impensus. pass. part), t: n. I.
To hang over, to overhang (c. dat.). 2. To impend, be imminent, to
threaten (c. dat., or c. in and ace).
fimpendiosus, a, um. adj. Extravagant
 IMP 237
impendium, i. n. 1. Money laid out, outlay, cost, expense. 2. In
terest for money lent. 3. (JEsp. in abl.) Lost.
impendo, is. di, nun. r. a. (lit. to weigh out). To lay out, to expend (lit.)
money, (metaph.) to devote, employ, apply (time, labour, etc.), (c. dat., or
e. in and ace. of the object).—See Impensus.
impenetr&bilis. e. adj. ]. Impenetrable. 2. J Unconquerable.
impensa, 03. f. Expense, cost, outlay.
impense. adv. 1. At great expense. 2. Excessively, earnestly, eagerly.
impensus, a, urn. part. pais. fr. impendo [once used by Lucr. at pari. fr. im-
pendeo, q. v.J ; but used also as adj. (c. compar. etc.). 1. High, dear
(of price). 2. Earnest, eager, zealous, vehement : impenso, nt a high
price, Hor.
imperator, oris. in. [induperator, Lucr. Juv.]. 1. A commander-in-
chief, a general (esp. a title conferred on a victorious general by his soldiers
after a battle). 2. A governor, a ruler (used by Sail, of the consuls).
3. An emperor.
imperatorius, a, ura. adj. Of or belonging to a general.
imperatrix, icis./* She who commands, a mistress.
imperatum. i. n. A command, an order.
imperceptus, a, rim. adj. Unperceived, unknown.
(jimpercussus, a, ura. adj. Not struck : impercussi pedes, feet making no
noise as they touch the floor, noiseless steps. Or.
Jimperdltus, a, tun. mlj. Not destroyed, not slain.
imperfectus, a, urn. adj. Imperfect, unfinished, incomplete : cibus imper
fecta, undigested food. Juv.
jimperfossus, a, DO. adj. Unpierced, unstabbed.
imperiosus, a, um. adj. 1. Possessed of command, imperial, powerful,
mighty, authoritative : sibi qui imperiosus, the man who has command over
himself, Hor. j virga imperiosa, the rod of authority, i. e. the fasces of the
consul, Ov. 2. Imperious, domineering, tyrannical: vix duraie carina;
possunt imperiosius sequnr, the ship can scarcely withstand the sea that
threatens to become its master, Hor.
imperite. adv. Unskilfully, awkwardly, ignorantly.
imp^ritia./; Inexperience, ignorance, unskilfuln. ss.
imperlto, as. r. a. To command, to order, to rule.
imperltus, a, um. adj. Inexperienced, unskilful, awkward, ignorant (often
c. gen.): nostra; consuetudinis itnperiti, unacquainted with our ways,
Caes.
iraperium. i. n. I. Military command (consuls and governors of provinces
could not act as the commanders of armies till a lex curiaia had invested
them with the imperiuin : — See Smith's Did. Ant. p. 508.). 2. Com
mand, power, or right of commanding, rule, authority, power. 3. Su
preme power, sovereignty, imperial power, empire. 4. A commnnd, an
order given. 5. An empire, realm : erat plena lictortun et iniperioruin
provincia, the province was full of lictors nnd generals, Cres.
§impcrjuratus, a, um. adj. That is never sworn falsely by.
impermissus, a, um. adj. Forbidden, unlawful.
impero, as. v. a. 1. To command, to order, to enjoin. 2. To command,
to govern, to rule, to control (c. dat.). 3. To impose (a tax or contri
bution of any kind), to levy (c. ace of the thing required, dat. of those who
were to furnish it) : impernt arvis, he compels his fields to be productive,
Virg.
§imperterrltus, a, um. adj. Undismayed, n:itcrrified, undaunted.
impertio, Is, Ivi, ltum. v. a. 1. To share with, to give a share to. to im
part to, to communicate to : Terentia impertit tibi multam salutem, Teren-
tia greets you heartily, Cic. : qua?so . . . . ul tnlem te nobis et populo
Romano hoc tempore impertias, I entreat you ... to show yourself (or to
be) such to us nnd to the Roman jwople on the present occasion, Cic; pro
bis impertitis, in return for these benefits, Liv. 2. JTo present with
(c ace. pen., dat rei).
{imperturbatus, a, um. adj. Undisturbed, unruffled.
238 IMP
impervius, a, an. adj. Impassable, impervious.
§impetis. gen., aU. impeto. in. (no other cases). Violence, impetuosity.
Jinipeto. is, ivi, Itnm. r. a. To atuck.
impetrabilis, e. adj. 1. Obtainable by entreaty, *»*in?Mn 2. tSuccess-
ful in entreaty.
impetratio. onis. f. An obtaining of a request.
impetro, as. v. a. To obtain or to accomplish, by entreaty : aSequasiis ba-
petrat ut . . . he prevails on the Sequani to . . . Cms.
impetrio, is, ivi, Itnm. r. a. To obtain by favourable omens.
impetus, us. m. 1. An attack, an onset, an assault. 2. Impetuosity.
violence, violent rapid motion, vehemence. 3. Impulse : animalia quas
habent suos impetus, animals which have their own instincts, Cic
Simpexus, a, um. adj. Uncombed.
impie. adv. Impiously, undutifully, treasonably.
impietas, atis./. 1. Impiety. 2. disloyalty, treason, want of duty.
impiger, gra, gram. adj. Action, strenuous, prompt, energetic
impigre. adv. Actively, strenuously, energetically.
impigritas. atis.,/'. Energy, activity, promptness.
impingo, is, pegi, pactum, v. a. 1. To push, to drive, to strike (esse
thing) against (another), (c. dat. or c in and ace). 2. To give.
fimpio, as. r. a. To render wicked : si me impiavi, if I have offended,
Plaut.
impius, a, um. adj. 1. Impious. 2. UndutifuL wanting in doty or
affection, disloyal, traitorous, treasonable : nullos impios Duos invocari,
I have invoked no Deities in unholy imprecations, Tac.
implacabilis, e. adj. Implacable, unappeasable.
implacabiliter. adv. Implacably.
§implacatus, a, um. adj. Unappeased, implacable, insatiable.
§implacidus, a, um. adj. 1. Unquiet, restless, fierce. 2. Disturbed
by noise.
implecto, is, xi, xum. v. a. 1. To entwine, to interweave.
impleo. es. evi, etum. v. a. 1. To fill, to fill up (usu. c abl. of the more
remoteobject ; when used metaph. oftenc. gen.) : adolescent*m sn;e teinf nULi
implet, she fills the young man with her own rash spirit, Liv. 3L To
satisfy, to gate, to satiate. 3. To fill up, i. e. to complete, to finish; 4.
To perform (a promise, an undertaking, a duty), to discbarge, to execute, to
carry out
implexus, a, um. part. pass. fr. implecto, q. v. : vidua implexa lnctu contmno,
the widow abandoning herself to incessant grief, Tac
impllcatio. onis./ ] . An entwining, interweaving, intermixing. 2.
Entanglement, embarrassment.
implicatus, a, um. and implicitus, a, um. part. pass. fr. implico; the farm
in -atus used as adj. Intricate, confused (of style, language, etc). The
form in -itus. 1. Entangled, involved, mixed up with, or in. 2.
Inwoven, intertwined : colla luamisque tenebat implicitus, he held her
neck and hands in close embrace, Ov. ; implicitumque sinu . . . ahstulii, and
he carried her off clasped to his bosom, Ov.; morbo, and in morburu isn*
plicitus, seized with an illness, both in Liv.
implicitc. adv. In an intricate, confused manner.
implico, as, avi, and ui, atum and Hum. v. a. 1. To enfold, entwine.
2. To envelop, to encircle, to embrace. 3. §To crown. 4. To en
tangle, to involve, to implicate, to mix up with. 5. To connect with
(esp. in in trans.). 6. To engage, to occupy. 7. To emkirras*, te
perplex. 8. To make intricate, perplexing, embarrassing : implicuitqne
comam leva, and seized his hair with his left hand, Virg. ; dextrce se parvus
lulus implicuit, the little lulus seized (or attached himself to) my right
hand, Virg.: implicuit matemo brachia collo, he threw his arms round his
mother's neck, Ov.; nunc huo inde hue iucertos iniplicat orbes, he mores in
hesitating circles in every direction (uncertain which way to flee), Virg.;
mplicuere inter se acies, they formed their lines of battle, Virg.
 IMP 23»
imploratio, onis./ An imploring (of assistance).
imploro, as. r. a. To invoke with lamentation, to entreat, to implore, to be
seech (the person or a favour, eap. assistance) : mater filii nomen im-
plorans, the mother repeating her son's name with tears, Cic.
implumis. e. adj. Unfledged.
impluo, is, ni. no sup. v. a. 1. To rain upon (c ace). 2. i(As impers.}
It rains on (c. in and ace., or c. dat.).
impluvium, La. A receptacle in the centra of a house to catch the rain
water.
impolite, adv. In an unpolished,, inelegant style.
impolltus, a, nm. adj. Unpolished, unrefined, inelegant.
timpollutua. a, nm. adj. Unpolluted, undefiled.
impono, is, posui, positum. v. a. 1. To place on, to pnt on (c dat or
c. in and ace). 2. To place in, to put in. 3. To embark (troops on
board a ship). 4. To impose (as a burden, or duty, or tax) upon. 5.
To assign, to give, to affix (a name, etc.). 6. To put (an end to hope,
a finishing stroke to a work, etc.), to set (bonnds to anything). 7. To
set over (as a commander, a superintendent, etc.). 8. To impose upon,
to deceive (c dat.) [very rare].
importo. as. v. a. 1 . To bring in, to convey in, to import, to introduce.
2. To bring upon (a calamity on anyone) (c. dat.).
importune, adv. Unseasonably, unbecomingly, rudely.
importnnltas, atis./l Unsuitableneaa (in point of time or manner), un-
mannerliness, incivility, rudeness, insolence.
importunus, a, um. adj. 1. Unfit, unsuitable. 2. Vexatious. 3,
Uncivil, unmannerly, rude, morose, harsh, cruel, severe, surly. 4. §Not
affording a safe harbour.
importuosus, a, nm. adj. Without a harbour.
tlmpos. otia. adj. Not master of. having no power of.
impositus. a, um, and sync impostus. part. pass. fr. impono, q. v.
impotens. antis. adj. 1. Powerless, feeble, impotent. 2. (e gen.)
Unable to control, to restrain, to govern. 3. (sine c.) Violent tempered,
unmanageable, extravagant in conduct, furious.
impotenter. adv. 1. Weakly : impotentius jam regi, they [the elephants]
began to be difficult to manage with sufficient power, i. e. they began to be
unmanageable, Li v. 2. Violently, furiously.
impdtentia, a;, f. 1. Weakness, want of power. 2. Violence, fury,
want of control, of moderation, insolence.
impraesentiarum. adv. At present
impransus, a, um. adj. Not having breakfasted, fasting.
imprecor. axis. v. dep. To imprecate, to invoke as a curse.
impressio, onis. f. 1 . A pressing, an impression. 2. An assault, an
attack. 3. A division of time, (in speaking) an emphasis, an emphatic
pause.
imprimis, adv. In the first place, especially.
imprimo, is. pressi. pressum, v. a. 1. To press upon or into, to empress,
to stamp (an impression, etc.) upon (lit. and metaph.). 2. To impress,
to stamp (the material which receives the impression), to engrave, to
embroider (eap. in pari, pats.) : impress i ubera, teats pressed by sucking,
Prop.; starainaque impresso fatalia pollice nentes, and spinning the fatal
threads while pressing their thumbs on them, Ov.
imprdbatio, OUXS./'. Disapprobation, blame.
improbe. adv. improperly, wickedly, scandalously.
improbitas, atis. J~. Badness, wickedness, dishonesty, depravity.
improbo. as. t\ a. 1. To disapprove, condemn, blame. 2. To reject,
to annul.
improbus, a, um. adj. 1. Bad, wicked, impious, unjust, dishonest,
reprobate, shameless (used of other things besides men and their conduct),
violent, stormy (of the sea), mischievous, deadly (of a snake). -. Very
great, excessive : mons improbus, a vast mountain, Virg.
240 IMP — IN A
.tlmprocerus, a, am. «■{/. Not tall, undersized.
impromptus, a, um. adj. Not ready, not quick.
s-improperatus, a, um. adj. Not haatened, leisurely.
Jimprosper, era, erum. adj. Unprosperous, unsuccessful.
Jimprospere. adv. Unsuccessfully.
improvido. adv. Improvidently, imprudently.
improvidus, a, um. adj. Improvident, imprudent, rath.
improvise adv. Unexpectedly, in an unforeseen manner or time.
improvisus, a, um. adj. Unforeseen, unexpected : ex improviso (as ait.),
unexpectedly.
imprudens, entis. adj. 1. Not foreseeing, not knowing beforehand. 2.
Not being aware of, ignorant. 3. Imprudent, rash, inconsiderate :
nunquam imprudentibus iinber obfuit, the tain never comes upon them to
as to injure them without their having full warning to expect it, Tirg.;
imprudens M. Servilium prateriiste videris, you appear unintentionally
(or without being aware of it) to have passed by M. Servilius, Cic
imprudenter. adv. 1. Inadvertently, unintentionally, jgnorantly. 2.
Imprudently, rashly.
imprudentia. as./ 1. Inadvertence, ignorance. 2. Want of fore
sight, imprudence, rashness.
impubes. is, and eris. adj. ; only of men and what belongs to them. 1.
Not having arrived at puberty, not grown up, youthful ; impubes malv,
beardless cheeks, Virg. 2. Unmarried.
impfidens, entis. a<lj. Impudent, shameless.
impudenter. adv. Impudently, shamelessly.
impudentia, 8B./. Impudence, shamelessness.
ttimpttdlcltia, as./ Want of chastity, unchastity.
impudicus, a, um. adj. Immodest, unchaste.
impugnatin, onis /. An attack, an assault.
impugno. as. v. a. To attack, to assault, to assail (lit and metaph.).
impulsio, onis. /., and impulsus, us. m. 1. A striking against, a press
ing against or on, an impulse, a shock. 2. Incitement, instigation, in-
fluence.
impulsor. oris. m. An impeller, an instigator.
impulsus, a, um. part. pass, from impello.
impune. adv. With impunity, unpunished.
impunltas. atis. f. Impunity.
impunite. adv. With impunity, unpunished.
impunltus, a, um. adv. Unpunished, unchastised, unrestrained.
impurltas, atis./., and timpfirltia, ffi. Uncleanness, impurity.
fimpuratus, a, um. a>tj. Defiled, polluted, vile.
impure, adv. In an impure, profligate manner.
impuras, a, um. 1. Unclean, impure, filthy, foul. 2. Profligate,
abandoned, infamous.
imputatus, a, um, adj. Unpruned.
impfito, as. v. a. 1. To reckon, to bring out an account. 2. To hn-
pute, to attribute, to ascribe.
Imus,a,um, dim.imulus. superl. from inferus, q. v. Lowest in. prep.(r.
abl. and ace, c. abl.). 1. In, within, inside of. 2. In (of tine),
during, in the course of. 3. In, among. 4. On (c ace). 5.
Into (after verbs of motion). 6. To, towards (lit. and metaph.). 7.
(Of time) Till: in p.sesena, for the present ; in futurum, in posterum, for
the future, Cic. ; in tempus for a time, Tac. 8. Against (lit. and
metaph.). 9. On (a subject) : in utramque partem disputnt, he argues
on both sides, Cie. ; Greens in earn sententiam versus, the Greek line to
that purport, Cic. ; qua; in rem sunt, those things which are useful, Liv. ;
in duas res id nsui fore, that that would be useful for two objects, Liv.;
servilem in niodutn, after or in the manner of slaves, Cic; treceni numtni
in capita, three hundred sesterces a head, Liv.
§Inaccessus, a, um. adj. Uuapproached, inaccessible.
 INA 241
bicefeo, is, no perf. v. n. To become sour : haec tibi per totos inacescant
omnia srosus, let these things be sour to yon (i.e. let them embitter you)
_ in all your senses, Ov.
Inichiuj, a, am. 1. Of Inachus, the first king of Argos. 2. Argive,
Grecian. Inachldes, ffl, a son of Inachus (i. e. Perseus, or Epnphus).
Inachis, idis. /. Daughter of Inachus (i. c. Io.): Iuachia bos, Isis (iden
tified by the poet with Io), Or.
Inadustus, a, um. adj. Unburnt, unsingcd.
Insdif ico, as. v. a. 1. To build in or on. 2. To build up, to close by
buildine or walling up.
Inaquabllis, e. adj. Unequal.
Inaequalis, e. adj. 1. Unequal, uneven, dissimilar, of different sizes.
2. Changeable, capricious : inequales procellae, storms that roughen the sea.
Jinatqualitas, atis. f. Inequality, unevenness, dissimilarity.
Insequaliter. adv. Unequally, in an unequal manner.
insequo. as. v. a. To make even or level.
Inaestimabllis, e. adj. 1. That cannot be counted, incalculable, invaluable. .
2. That cannot be reckoned or depended upon. 3. Valueless, worthless..
Inaestuo, as. v. n. To boil tip in, to rage in.
Jiaaffectatus, a, am. adj. Unaffected, natural.
tlnalbo, as. v. a. To whiten, to make white.
IflamaWQia, e. adj. Not lovely, unlovely, unpleasant, odious, hateful. ■
Inimaresco, is, rui (no sup.), v. n. To become bitter, to taste bitter.
Suiambltidsus, a, am. adj. Unambitious, simple, modest.
laam'julatio, onis. /. 1. Walking, walking about. 2. f\ walk.
laimbulo, as. v. n. To walk about, to walk.
Slnlmoenus, a, am. adj. Unpleasant, gloomy.
Inanlmatus, a, am, and Inanlmus, a, am. adj. Destitute of life, inani
mate, lifeless.
tliaanio, Is. r. a. To make empty, to empty.
Iaanis, e. adj. 1. Empty, void (c. gen. or abl.). 2. § Unoccupied (of
time). 3. Drained, exhausted, poor. 4. Unsubstantial, unreal (of a
spectre, a shade, the shades below, etc.), lifeless. 5. Useless, worthless,
vain, unprofitable, causeless, groundless. 6. Vain, silly : si pulsat inauis,
if he knocks at the door empty-handed, Prop.; absint inani funere naenice,
let there be no dirges at a funeral where there is no corpse, Hor.; equua
inanis, a horse without a rider, Cicj inania fama:, idle reports, Tac; a. as
mirf., an empty space, a vacuum, the empty air.
laanltas, atis./ 1. Emptiness. 2. Empty space. 3. Uselessness,
silliness, vanity.
Iainlter. adv. Vainly, uselessly, idly.
'Inaritus, a, am. adj. Unploughed, untitled, without being cultivated.
laardesco, is, arsi sum. v. n. To kindle, to take fire, to burn, to glow.
flnassuetns, a, am. adj. Unaccustomed, unused,
lioattenuatos, a, am. adj. Undiminished,
jlnaudax, acis. adj. Not bold, timorous.
laaodio. Is, Ivi, ltum. v. a. To hear, (esp. secretly) to overhear.
Inauditus, a, am. adj. 1. Unheard of, strange. 2. Unheard (in one's
defence, etc.).
hauguro, as. r. n. and a. 1. To consult omens from birds, to practise
angary, to divine. 2. To inaugurate, to instal, to consecrate (a priest) :
id quia inaugurato Romulus fecerat, because Romulus had done that under
the sanction of au augury, Liv.
jtlmures, ium. ;)/./. Earrings.
Inauro, as. v. a. 1. To gild, to cover with gold, to inlay or embroider
with gold. 2. To enrich,
laauspicatos, a, am. adj. 1. Done or passed (as a law) without con
sulting the auspices. 2, ^Inauspicious; aU. n. as adv., without consult
ing the auspices.
Inausos. a, am. adj. What one has not dared to do, nnattempted.
h
242 INC
siincseduus. a, um. ailj. That Las not been cut down, that bat not heel
thinned (as a wood).
inc&lesco, is, ui, no sup. v. n. 1. To grow warm, to warm, to kindle;
(lit. and metaph.) to plow with love, or hate, or inspiration, etc
incalfacio, Is, feci, factum, r. a. To warm.
incalllde. adv. Unskilfully, in a stupid manner.
incallidus, a, tun. adj. Devoid of craft, cunning, or shrewdness, stupid,
dull, unskili'ul.
ncandesco, is, dui, no sup. v. n. To become warm, to be hot, to boon*
violent (of a disease).
incanesco, is, nni, no sup. o, n. To become white (with grey hairs, or foam,
or flowers).
incanto, as. c. a. To consecrate with charms or spells.
incanus, a, um. adj. Grey, hoary.
ncassum. nth: 1. In vain, uselessly. 2. Without any fixed aim, at
random.
incastigatus, a. tun. adj. Unreproved. uncorrected.
incaute. adv. Incautiously, inconsiderately, carelessly.
incautus. a, um. adj. 1. Incautious, inconsiderate, careless, rash. i
(More rare) Not guarded against, unforeseen, unexpected : [iter] intan-
tatum eoque hostibus incautum, a path not used, and on that account set
guarded by the enemy, Tac.
Incedo, is, cessi, cessum. v. n. 1. To go, to march, to proceed onwards
(sometimes esp. in a dignified manner), to advance. 2. To come to, or
on, i. e. to happen to, to befall (c. dat.). 3. (Almost as v. a.) To occupy
the mind of, to seize (as a feeling, etc.), (c. ace.). 4. To arise (as a
event, an idea, a report, etc.), (sine c).
Jincelebratus, a, um. adj. Not celebrated, not related.
*incendiarius, a, am. adj. Causing a conflagration ; (m. as sultL) an in
cendiary).
incendium. i. n. 1. A fire, a conflagration. 2. (Metaph.) Violent flsae
(of love or anger), destructive flame (of any kind of calamity, un popularity,
loss of property, judicial conviction, etc.): se populare incendium priors
consulatu semiustum effugisse. (saying) that in his former consulship he
had not escaped the fire of popular condemnation without being scorched
by it, Liv. 3. §A firebrand. 4. §JGreat heat.
inoendo, is, di, sum. v. a. 1. To set fire to, to set on fire, to kindle, u
burn. 2. To make bright, to cause to shine, to illuminate. 3. Tfl
fire, i. e. to inflame, excite, rouse, stimulate (often c. ad and ace.). ■
(Esp. in pass.) To incense against, to make angry with (c. in and sec of
that with which). 5. fTo ruin.
incensio, onis./. A burning.
incensus, a, urn. pari. fr. incendo. 1. Stimulated, inflamed. 2. In
censed, angry.
incensus, a, um. adj. [censeo.] Not registered, not named in the censor's
list.
inceptio onis. /. A beginning, a commencing.
fincepto, as. v. a. To begin.
finceptor, oris. m. A beginner, one who begins. .
inceptum, i. n. 1. A beginning, a commencement. 2. An nndo-
taking.
incero, as. v. a. [cera.] Genua incerare Deorum, to attach little waxen
tablets on which vows are inscribed to the knees of the Gods, (therefore)
to offer vows to the Gods, Juv.
tincerte and incerto. adv. Without any certainty.
•fincerto, as. v. a. To make doubtful, to cause to waver.
incertus, a, um. adj. 1. (Of things) Uncertain, doubtful, not to be de
pended on. or foreseen with certainty, not certainly known. 2. (Of
persons) Feeling uncertain, not knowing for certain, undecided, unre
solved, hesitating (sometimes c gen.): incertus sentential, uncertain a* so
 INC 243
hit own opinion, Lit.; a. as subst., uncertainty: incerta belli, the uncer
tain events of war, Liv.
incesso. is, ivi, and -cessi, no sup. v. a. To attack, to assail (lit. in war
etc., and metaph. with words, reproach, accusation, etc.).
iaeessus, us. m. 1. A going, walking, gait. 2. JAn incursion. 3
JAn entrance, an approach,
inceste. adv. 1. Without proper ceremonies, improperly. 2. Un-
chastely.
incesto, as. r. a. To pollute, -to defile.
inceatus, a, am. adj. 1. Unclean, impure, polluted, sinful, criminal.
2. Unchaste; (». as subst.) unchaatity.
inceatus. us. tn. Unchaatity.
inchnatus, a, am. part. it. >eq., but used esp. Only begun, i. e. not finished,
not complete, incomplete, imperfect.
inchoo. as. v. a. To begin, to commence : turn Stygio regi noctumas in-
cheat aras, then be begins to erect an altar, while it is yet night, to the
king of Hell, Virg.
iscldo, is. cidi. [cado.] v. n. (in all senses c. in and ace. or c dat). 1. To
sail into or upon : incidis nndis, you [O Sun] set in the sea, Ov. 2.
(Metaph.) To fall into (a snare, a calamity, etc.), to fall in with, to meet :
quorum estas eorum tempora incidit, whose age fell upon, i. e. coincided
with that of those men, Cic; ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, that he may
act fall in with, i. e. agree with Diodorus, Cic; qnodcunque in mentem
incident, whatever occurred to his mind, Cic 3. To fill upon (as fear falls
on a man, or as one falls upon, i. e. adopts a course of action) : casu in
eorum mentionem incidi, I fell upon mentioning them by chance, Cic. 4.
To fall upon, i. e. to attack. 5. To fall out, i. e. to happen, to occur.
incido. is, cidi, cisum. v. a. [caedo.] 1. To cut, to cut in or into, to cut
open, to clip, to prime. 2. To engrave, to carve. 3. To cut off, to
break off, to interrupt, to put an end to.
iacQe, if. n. (rare). A ditch.
tincilo, a*, r. a. To blame, to reprove.
incingo, is, nxi, nctnm. v. a. 1. To gird, to girdle, to surround; (pass.) to
gird oneself, to put on as a girdle : nitidaque incingere lauro, and put on a
enrwn of shining bay leaves, Ov.
|indno, is. ni. v. a. To sing.
imcipio. is. cepi. ceptum. v. a. and «. To begin, to commence.
incise and inciaim. adv. In short clauses.
iaeiiio, onis. /., and incisum. i. n. A short paragraph.
-f incita. incitas . . ad incita, more usu. ad incitas redigere. To bring to a
stand still, 1'laut. ; fr. incitus. immovable ; a word used in no other form
or phrase.
iacltimentnm, i. n. An inducement, an incentive
incitate. adv. Rapidly, violently.
incitatns, a, um. part. pass. St. incito ; used also as adj. (c. compnr., etc.).
1. Urged on to full speed, at full speed, rapid, swift ; cursu incitato, in
quick march, Liv.; equo incitato, at full gallop, Liv. 2. Swollen (of a
river in a flood).
incito. ai. r. a. 1. To urge on, to hasten, to put in rapid motion. 2.
To excite, to stimulate, to spur on, to instigate, to arouse. 3. To excite
to frenzy, to inspire (the Pythoness). 4. incito me. to hasten, to rush
violently : alii ex castris seee incitant, others make a vigorous sally out of
the camp, Cass.
incitna, a, tun. adj. Set in rapid motion, swift, rapid.
^inciTilif, e. adj. Such as does not become a citizen, discourteous, unrea
sonable, churlish.
inelamo, at, and tinclamito, as. r. a. 1. To call out, to cry out, to cal
upon, to call to. 2. To cry out against, to revile.
inelemens, entis. adj. Unmerciful, pitiless, severe, cruel.
inelementer. adv. Mercilessly, pitilessly severely.
n 2'
244 INC
lnclementia, m.f. Want of clemency, severity, cruelty,
inclinatio, 6nia. /. 1. A leaning, bending, inclining to one tide. 2.
Inclination (of the mind), faTourable disposition. 3. Tendency. 4,
Alteration, change,
inclinatus, a, am. part. paa. of seq., but used alio as adj. (c cornpar. etc).
1. Inclined, disposed (c ad and ace of that to which). 2. Sunk, fallen
(of one's condition, etc), low, deep (of a voice).
lncllno, as. v. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To bend, to incline, to make to lean :
haec animum inclinant at credam, these thinga incline my mind to beueva,
Li v. 2. To direct (one's course, etc) : quum omnem culpam in collegsa
inclinaret, as he was directing all the blame towards his colleague, Lit.;
genua inclinarat arenis, he had knelt upon the sand, Ov. 3. To bend is a
downward, or unfavourable direction : prius Sol meridie ae inclinavit. tke
Sun began to descend from noon, i. e. it began to be the afternoon. Lit.;
ae fortuna inclinaverat, fortune had taken an unfavourable torn, Csss.;
mihi non oculos quisquam inclinavit euntes, no one closed for me my sinking
eyes, Prop. 4. (r. a.) To have n leaning, to incline (in the mind), to
be inclined. 5. (In act. and also in pan.) To be defeated, to mil back,
to retreat, to yield : inclinare meridiem senlii, you see that the noon is
declining, i. e. that the afternoon is getting on, Hor. ; ut me paullutam
inclinari timore viderunt, when they saw that I gave way a little out of
fear, Cic
includo, if, si, sum. r. a. 1. To shut in, to shut up, to confine, to keep
in, to include. To close up, to obstruct. 3. To close, to finish.
inclflsio, onis. f. A shutting up, confinement.
inclytus, a, um. adj. Renowned, illustrious, celebrated, glorious.
tinccflnatua, a, um, and tincoenis. e. adj. Who haa not dined or rapped.
fincogltabllis, e, tans, and ftatus, a, um. Thoughtless.
■fincSgltantia, m.f. Thoughtlessness.
incogito, at. v. a. To devise, to meditate.
incognitas, a, am. I. Not known, unknown. 2. Not examined into,
not tried (of a cause). 3. Not recognised, not claimed (property).
+incohibesso, is. v. a. To hold together.
incola, a?, m.f. 1. An inhabitant 2. A resident in a country (a
a foreign resident, but Cic. has, incolae pene nostri, men who were
our countrymen, Cic.) : incola turba, the natives, Ov.
incolo, is, ui (no np. in this sense), r. a. To dwell in, to inhabit ; (as c «-)
to dwell (terras, probably, being understood).
incSlumis, e. 1. Safe, uninjured, unhurt, safe and sound. 2. Unim
paired by age.
incSlfimltas, atis. /. A sound, unhurt condition, safety.
gincomltatus, a, am. adj. Unaccompanied, unattended.
tincomltio, as. t>. a. To insult in public
giucommendatus, a, am. adj. Disregarded.
incommode, adv. Inconveniently, unseasonably.
incommodltas, atis./'. Inconvenience, disadvantage.
incommfido, as. e. a. To be inconvenient to, to incommode, to annoy
(c. liat. ).
incommodum, i. n. Inconvenience, disadvantage, damage.
incommodus, a, am. adj. Inconvenient, disadvantageous, unsuitable.
iucommutabilis, e. adj. Unchangeable, unalterable.
incomuertus, a, am. adj. Not ascertained, not known.
incomposite. adv. Without order.
incompositus, a, am. adj. Not skilfully put together, not well arranged,
inelegant, disorderly, in disorder (of an army).
incomptus, a, am. ad . Untrimmed, unadorned (prop, of hair, but metapa.
of style, language, etc.), unpolished.
Sinconccssus, a, am. adj. Not permitted, forbidden, unlawful.
finconcllio, as. v. a. To conciliate, to gain to one's side (esp. to gain a
person, etc., over, so as to set him against another).
 INC 245
inconcinnus, a, am. adj. Inelegant, awkward.
^inconcussufl, a, nm. adj. Not shaken, undisturbed.
incondite, adv. In a confused, disorderly manner, inelegantly.
incondltus, a, am. adj. 1. Not set in proper order, ill arranged, disor
derly, in disorder, confused. 2. Uncivilised, unpolished. 3. t Un-
ooried.
ineonsiderantia, se. f. Inconsiderateness, want of reflection.
inconsiderate, adv. Inconsiderately, thoughtlessness.
inconsideratus, a, nm. adj. Inconsiderate, thoughtless, rash.
Sinconsolabilis, e. adj. I. Inconsolable. 2. Incurable.
inconstans, antis. adj. Inconstant, inconsistent, variable, fickle, change-
able.
inconstanter. adv. Whimsically, capriciously, in an inconsistent manner.
inconstantly, a.f. Inconstancy, fickleness, capriciousness, inconsistency.
inconsulte, and -to. adv. Unadvisedly, inconsiderately, rashly.
inconsultus, a, am. adj. 1. §\Vithout obtaining advice. 2. Incon
siderate, ill-advised, rash, indiscreet,
Sinconsumptns. a, nm. adj. Unconsumed, unimpaired.
mcontamlnatns, a, nm. adj. Uncontaminated.
incontentus, a, urn. adj. With the strings not properly tightened, out of
tone.
incontinent, entis. adj. Incontinent, unchaste, intemperate.
incontinenter. adv. Incontinently, intemperately.
incontinentia, se./. A not restraining one's desires, incontinence, intem
perance.
inconveniens, entis. adj. Not agreeing together, dissimilar, incongruous.
incoquo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To boil, to boil up. 2. To dye, to
imbue (lit. and metaph., esp. in part. pass.).
incorrectus, a, nm. adj. Not corrected.
incorrupte. adv. Incorruptly, honestly.
incormptus, a, nm. adj. 1 . Uncorrupted, unspoilt, pure. 2. Not de
stroyed, perfect. 3. Not corrupted, incorrupt, not bribed, honest, im
partial, upright, unbiassed. 4. Genuine, real.
increbresco, is, bui, no sup. v. n. 1. To become common, frequent,
prevalent. 2. To become strong, violent, (of storms etc.) : proverbio
iocrebuit, it grew into a proverb, Liv.
tincrebro. as. ». n. To do a thing frequently.
incredlbllis, e. adj. Incredible, not to be believed, extraordinary, strange
(of persons only in Plant.).
incredlbUiter. adv. In an incredible or extraordinary manner.
increduius, a, nm. adj. Incredulous, not believing.
incrementum, i. n. 1. Growth, increase. 2. Progeny.
incTepIto, as. v. a. 1 . To call out to. 2. To cry out against, to blame,
to rebuke.
increpo, as, ui, Hum. v. a. and a. 1. (r. a.) To make a noise, to sound,
to be noised about : simul atque increpuit suspicio tumultus, as soon as any
suspicion of a tumult was noised abroad, Cic. ; (as imptrs.): quicquid incre-
puerit Catilinam timeri, that at every sound there should be a dread of
Catiline, Cic 2. (v. a.) To cause to sound loudly, to utter loudly (as a
trumpet utters a sound), to play loudly (a lyre), to strike so as to make a
loud noise : ssevas increpat aura minas, the breeze roars loudly with terrible
threats, Prop. 3. To reprove, rebuke, upbraid, chide. 4. To urge on,
to excite, to encourage. 5. To call on, to repeat the name of continually:
sabella pectus increpare carmina, (to believe) that magic incantations can
pierce the breast, Hor.
incresco, is, evi, no sup. v. n. To grow, to increase.
incretus. a, urn. adj. Not separated from, mixed with,
ncruentatus, a, am. adj. (divided by tmesis, Inque cru.). Not made
bloody, unbloody.
incmsto, as. r. a. To incrust, to plaster or varnish over : nos sincerum
B 3
246 INC
cnpimus vas incrustnre, we seek to smear over a soiutd jar with Tarnish
(i. e. to make what is good look worse).
inciibo. as, ui, itnm. r. n. 1. To be in or on, to rest on. 2. To sit on
(as a hen on eggs). 3. To brood over, to watch eagerly : incubasta
publics thesanris, retaining sole possession of the pahlic treasures. Lit.
4. To fall upon (one's sword) : nova febrinm terris incubuit eohors, anew
brood of diseases hat settled on the earth, Hor.
incudo. is, di, sum. v. a. To forge, to sharpen.
incnlco, as. v. a. 1. To trample down, or in, to press in, to exam iav, s»
foist in. 2. To inculcate.
inculpates, a, tun. adj. Unblamed, blameless.
inculte. adv. In an uncivilised, rude, or uncouth manner.
incultus, a, am. adj. 1. Uncultivated, untitled, 2. Neglected (in sty
way). 3. Uncivilised, unpolished, unrefined, uneducated. 4. Ua-
adorned, uncombed (of hair), disfigured.
incultus, u. in. Want of cultivation, of refinement.
incumbo, is, cubui. [see incubo.] e. it. 1. To lie upon, to lean upon, u>
rest upon. 2. To lean towards, to overhang (c dat.). 3. To fall
upon, to rush upon (c. dat., or c. in and ace). 4. To stoop to, to bead
one's attention to, to devote one's exertions to, to labour at (c dot, ere
in or ad and ace) : incumbunt omni cogitatione curaque in retnpubiieam,
they devote all their thoughts and anxiety to the republic, Cie; caaws
incumbunt lapsi generis sarcire ruinas, all labour to repair the rain of their
race fallen into misfortune, Virg. ; ut eot qni audiant qooennque incubaeris
possit impellere, that he may be able to turn those who hear bias into
whatever direction he himself leans to, Cic; validis incumber? remis, u
stoop to their vigorous oars (i. e. to labour with vigorous oar), Virg.
incunabula, orum. pi. n. 1. Swaddling clothes (metaph. a cradle, a birth
place) : ab incunabulis, from his childhood, Liv.
?incuratus, a, am. adj. Uncared for, uncured.
incuria. eb. f. Want of care, carelessness, negligence.
Jincuriosus. a, am. adj. 1. Careless, unconcerned, indifferent (sometiaire
c. gen. of that about which, more rarely c. abl.). 2. Carelessly exe
cuted, not made or done, with care.
incurro, is, ri, sum. a *, and is. 1. (». n.) To run into, to, or towards.
2. (v. a.) To assail, to attack (lit. and metaph. with words (c in and
ace, or c. dat.). 3. (r. a.) To invade, to make an incursion into (cO
: and ace). 4. To project into, to extend into (as land into another terri
tory). 5. To fall into (a course of action etc.) (e-in and ace), to meet.
6. To happen to, to befall (c. in and ace). 7- To fall upon (as an event
falls on a particular day, etc.) (e in and ace or e dat.) : quit est tats
lynceus qui in tantis tenebris nihil offendat, nnsquam incurrat p whs is as
sharp-sighted as never in such darkness to strike against anything, a* no
where to come against anything? Cie
incursio, onis./ 1. An assault, an attack. 2. An incuxsicn, inva
sion.
iscnrso, as. ». a. 1 . To attack, to assail, to assault (e ace or c. in and
ace). 2. To invade, to make an incursion into (c. ace). 3. Tons
against (c. dat.).
lncursus, us. m. An attack, an onset.
t§incurveseo, is, no per/, c *. To bend down.
incurve, as. v. a. To bend, to bow, to curve
incurvus, a. am. adj. Curved, crooked, bent.
incus, udis. f. An anvil ; incudem enndem tundere, (n proverb) to kf-r?
hammering the same anvil, i. e. labouring at the same thing, Cie; ineadi
reddere, to remodel, Hor.; in ipsa studiorum incude positi, stUl i
with their education, Tae
inousatio, finis, f. Blame, accusation.
incuso, as. v. a. To accuse, to blame, to complain of.
£incussus, us. m. A dashing against, a shock.
 INC—IND 24T
§incnstoditns, a, urn. adj. Unguarded, unprotected.
incutio, Is. cussi, cussuni. e. a. 1. To strike (one thing) against, or
upon (another), (c in and ace. or c. dat.). 2. To cause or occasion (a
feeling, etc.) to (a person), to strike with (a feeling), to inspire with (c. dat.
pers., ace. of the feeling),
indagatio, onis. f. A searching into, an investigation,
tindagator, oris. m.,/. -atrix, Icis. An investigator, a searcher into.
indago, as. v. a. 1. To track. 2. To investigate, to explore,
indago, Inis. f. An encircling, or enclosing of coverts with nets to prevent
the game escaping.
inde. adv. 1. (Of place) From that place, from thence, from that quarter,
from that source. 2. (Of time) After that, then, thereupon : jam inde
ab incunabilis, from his very cradle, Liv. ; inde adeo quod agrum mer-
catus es, ever since you bought the land, Ter. ; inde loci, thereupon, .
Lucr.
Sindebltus, a, tun. adj. What is not due, what is not deserved.
'indecens, entis. adj. Unbecoming, unsightly.
Jindecenter. adv. In an unbecoming manner,
SindeclLnatus, a, am. adj. Unchanged, constant (of a friend, etc.).
indecore. adv. In an indecorous manner, unbecomingly,
gindecoris, is, and indecorus, a, in. adj. Unfit (sometimes c. dat. of that
for which), unbecoming, unseemly, disreputable, disgraceful : non eriinus.
regno indecores, we will not disgrace the kingdom, Virg.
indefensus, a, urn. adj. Undefended, unprotected,
indefessus, a, am. adj. Unwearied, untiring, indefatigable.
£indefietas, a, am. adj. Unwept for, unlamented.
findejectus, a, am. adj. Not thrown down, net destroyed.
§indelebllis, e. adj. Ineffaceable, everlasting, immortal.
$indelibatus, a, am. adj. Untasted, undiminished,
indemnatus, a, am. adj. Unconvicted, uncondemned.
JSindeploratus, a, am. adj. Unlamented, unmourned.
£indeprehensus, a, am, sync, prenas. adj. Undiscovered, undiscoverable.
gindesertas, a, am. adj. Not deserted, not forsaken.
sindestrictus, a, am. adj. Not grazed by a weapon, unwouuded.
•iindetonsus, a, am. adj. Unshorn, unshaven.
sindevitatus, a, am. adj. Not avoided.
index, Icis. »<.,/. One who indicates, who points out, an informer (esp.
against criminals) : quin continetis vocem indicem stultitue vestrse ?
why do you not restrain your speech, which only betrays your folly? Cic;
index digitus, the forefinger, (because that is used in pointing out). 2.
A title or superscription (of a book). 3. An inscription. 4. §A touch
stone.
Tindlca tio. onis. f. A valuation, the price set on an article,
f indicens, entis. adj. Not telling : non me indicente liax Sunt, these things
axe not down without my speaking, Ter.
indicium, i. ». 1. A pointing out, a giving notice, an information, a die*
covery (to another) : indicium proritetur, he offers to give evidence, Sail.;
eiat indicium postulaturus, he was on the point of asking to be allowed to
give evidence. 2. A reward for giving evidence. 3. A sign, token,
indication, proof,
indlco, as. ii. a. 1. To point out, to indicate, to show. 2. To disclose,
to give information of, to give evidence of, to reveal (usu. c. dat, once c.
in and ace.). 3. To put a price upon : cum postulasset ut sibi fundus
setnel indicaretur, when he had begged to have a price once put upon the
estate, Cic.
indlco, is, xi, ctnm. v. a. To declare publicly, to announce, to proclaim,
to give public notice of. 2. To impose (a tax, etc.), to enjoin (a task,
or a duty), (c. dat pers. on whom) : [ager] quo a Volscis exercitum in-
dictum audierat, where he beard that the army had been commanded by
the VoUcians to assemble, Liv.
R 4
248 IND
indictus, a, urn. part, of prec. q. v. ; also as adj. Not said, unsaid. 2.
Unsung, uncelebrated: indicia causa, without his cause having been
pleaded, i. e. untried, unheard.
Indlcns, a, am, and Indus, a, nm. adj. Indian.
indidem. adv. From the same place, from the same quarter, from the satce
source.
indies, adv. From day to day, every day.
indifferens, entis. adj. In which there is no difference, indifferent.
Jindifferenter. adv. Indiscriminately.
indlgena, 93. m.f. [inda, for in, gigno.] Born in the country, native ; (aa
tubst.) a native.
indlgens, entis. part, of indigeo, but also as suhsl. A poor man.
indlgentia, se. f. 1. Want, indigence. 2. Insatiable desire.
indlgeo, es, ui, no sup. v. a. 1. To want, to need, to require (c. abU ox
gen.). 2. To wish for, to desire (c. gen.).
+indlges, is. adj. Poor, needy.
indigestus, a, nm. adj. Unarranged, in disorder, confused.
Indigetes Dii. Gods who have become so, having been heroes, ele
vated by the gratitude of their countrymen to the rank of Guardian
Deities.
indignabundus, a, nm. adj. Indignant, full of indignation.
indignandus, a, am. part. fat. of indignor. To be thought unsuitable to,
unsuitable to.
indignans, antis. part, of indignor ; as adj. Indignant, impatient
indignatio, onis. / 1. Indignation. 2. (In rhetoric) Language to
excite indignation.
indigne. adv. 1. Unworthily, shamefully. 2. Indignantly, with in
dignation : indigne ferebant, they were indignant, Nep.
indignitas, atis. f. 1. Umvorthiness. 2. Meanness, scandalous cha
racter (of an event, action, etc.). 3. Indignity, insult. 4. Indig
nation.
indignor, iris, v. dtp. 1. To consider improper, unfitting, unworthy.
2. To be indignant at (c. infin. or c. quod, and subj., or c. si and indie):
pontem indignatus Araxes, the Araxes disdaining to bear a bridge, Virg. ;
indignatum magnis stridoribus asquor, the sea showing its indignation by
loud roarings, Virg.
indignus, a, nm. adj. 1. Unworthy, undeserving, not deserving (c. abL,
sometimes §c. gen.) : ad sublevandas hominum indignorum calami tates,
for relieving the calamities of men who did not deserve them, Cic ; car
eget indignus quisquam ? why is any man left in want who dors not
deserve it ? Hor. 2. Unworthy, unbecoming, undeserved : iodises
hyernes, severe winters, Virg.; indignum est, it is a shameful thing, CSe.;
indignum ! shameful, Ov.
indigns, a, am. adj. In need of, needing (c. gen., sometimes c. abL).
indillgens, entis. adj. Careless, negligent.
indlllgeuter. adv. Carelessly, negligently.
indillgentia, as. / Want of care, carelessness, negligence.
indlpiscor, eris, deptus sum. v. dtp., and t-sio, is, no pert v. a. To get, to
obtain, to procure.
Jindireptua, a, um. adj. Unpillaged, unplundered.
findiscretus, a, am. adj. Not easily distinguished, undistinguishable [urg
ing] : suum cuique sanguinem indiscretum, that a man's own family were
inseparable from him (i. e. from his interests, in opp. to friend* whose
attachment may be dependent on circumstances), Tac.
indlserte. adv. Ineloquently.
indlsertus, a, nm. Ineloquent, at a loss for words.
£indi8p5sltus, a, nm. adj. Destitute of arrangement, in confusion,
indiasolubllis, e. adj. Indissoluble, indestructible.
tindistinetos, a, am. adj. Indistinct, obscure.
 IND 249
individual, a, am. adj. 1. Indivisible. 2. Inseparable ; (n. pi. as
suaM.) atoms,
iado, is, dldi, dltum. v. a. I. To put or place in or on, to set on (c. dat.
+c in and ace.). 2. To place over (a bridge over a river, etc.). 3.
To introduce. 4. To impart (a feeling), to inspire with (c. ace. of the
feeling, dat. pers.). 5. To impose, to set over (as guards, etc.).
indocOii, e. adj. 1. Difficult to be taught, unwilling to learn, not docile.
2. Untaught, unpolished (of persons or works), uneducated, uncivilised :
iadocilis pauperiem pati, not having learnt how to endure poverty, Hor.;
et sciat indociles currere lympha vias, and let the water be able to run on
in a way not taught to it, i. e. natural, Prop.
indocte. adv. In an unlearned manner, unskilfully.
indoctus, a, um. adj. Untaught, unlearned, uninstructed, illiterate, unskil
ful (sometimes c. gen.) : Cantabrum indoctum juga ferre nostra, the Bis-
cayan who has not yet been taught to submit to our yoke, Hor.
iadolentia, m.f. Freedom from pain.
indoles, is./ Natural disposition, natural character, disposition (esp. good):
videtur esse in eo indoles, there appears to be in him a naturally-good dis
position, Cic ; cum hac indole virtutum ac vitiorum, with this character in
respect both of virtues and vices, Liv.
indolesco, is, lui, lltum. v. a. 1. To be in pain. 2. To grieve, to be
vexed (usu. c. infin. and ace, or c. quod and subj. ; §also c ace. of that at
which).
indomltns, a, um. adj. Untamed, unbridled, unrestrained, unsubdued, un-
conquered : indomitum Falernum, indigestible Falernian wine, Pers.
indormio, Is, ivi, Itum. v.n. 1. To fall asleep over (c. dat.). 2. To
be inditf rent about, careless about, indolent about (c. in and abl. or c. dat.).
indotatus, a, um. adj. 1. Without a dowery, portionless. 2. >; Without
due honours (of dead bodies). 3. Poor, meagre, unadorned.
indubltate. adv. Undoubtedly.
tindubltatus, a, um. adj. Undoubted, certain.
indublto, as. v. a. To doubt of (c. dat.).
Jindiibins, a. um. adj. Not doubtful, undoubted, certain.
indueo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead, bring, or conduct into, to intro
duce (c. in and ace.). 2. To bring forward, to bring on (the stage, etc.).
3. To bring over, to put over (as a covering, c. dat.) : quae subito pellibus
induxerant, which they had in their haste covered with skins, Cods.; tu-
nkaque inducitur artus, and clothes his limbs with a tunic, Virg. 4. To
set down (in a list or account) : hie ager ingenti pecunia vobis inducetur,
this land will be set down (i. e. charged) to you at a monstrous price, Cic.
5. To erase ( what is written, by drawing the blunt end of the stylus over
it) : inducendi senatusconsulti maturitas nondum est, it is not yet a lit
time to annul (or matters are not yet ripe for annulling) the vote of the
senate, Cic. 6. To lead (to a course of action), to induce, to persuade, to in
fluence, to move, to excite (c- in or ad and ace): ut nunc eonun ducem conser-
vare cupiam et in animum inducam, that I should now wish and bring my
mind (i. e. determine) to save their leader, Cic. ; (also without in) quod
animum induxerat, what he had brought his mind to, i. e. resolved to do,
Cic. 7. To win over by deceiving, to deceive, to seduce.
inductio, onis. f. 1. A bringing in, an introducing. 2. (Sometimes,
esp. on the stage) An exhibiting, exhibition. 3. ^Induction : inductio
aiiimi. a determination, Cic.
indoctus, us. in. Inducement, persuasion.
t inducula, te.f. A woman's undergarment.
indulgens, entis. part, from indulgeo; but also as adj. c. compar. 1. In
dulgent (c dat. or c. in and ace.). 2. Tender. 3. Obsequious, com
plaisant.
indulgemter. adv. Indulgently, tenderly.
indulgentia, as. /. 1. Indulgence. * 2. Obsequiousness, complaisance.
3. Tenderness, kindness.
2ST IND—INE
indulge*, at, si, «. n. and p>. a. 1. (>-. a.) To indulge, to give way to, to-
grntitv, to humour, to indulge in, devote oneself to : indulge ordini-
bus. give plenty of room between the rows, Virg. 2. (Jr. a.) To rns^
to allnw : indulgent patient iam flagello, they submit patiently to the lath.
Mart.; pan. iapert^ si indulgeretur aviditats, if their rapacity wis in
dulged, was allowed to hare its way, Liv.
induo, is, ui, utum. r. u. 1 . To put on (clothes, etc.), (c. dat pen. if
the person be expressed) : induerat scales, he had taken up a ladder, i.(.
he had put his head between the rounds of the ladder to carry it. Or.;
quns induerat Circe in vultua et terga ferarum, whom Circe had traas-
formed and clothed with the appearance and skins of wild beasts, Virg.
2. To put on, to assume (a character, etc) : qui seditiooem induexint, wk*
involved themselves in treason, Tac. ; nisi proditorem palam et hostess
Thrasea induisset, if Thrasea had not openly shewn himself (lit. put on the
character of) a traitor and an enemy, Tac; diversa induexe, they took dif
ferent sides, Tac. 3. Induo me (c in and ace or c. dat), to enter inks,
to fall among, to get entangled among: quot pom is se fertilia arbos induexst,
as many fruits :■» the fertile tree had clothed itself with, Virg.; cum se aax
plurima svlvis induet in lloreni, when the numerous nut trees in the weeds
clothe themselves with flower, Virg.; non se purgavit, sed indicavit atqae
induit, he aid not attempt to clear himself, but spoke openly and rushed on
his late, Cic indnor. pan. To put on oneself (c. ace of the gnnnest):
sua confessione induatur ac juguletur necesse est, he roust inevitably be
entancled and destroyed by his own confession, Cic; T. indutus.
induperator. —See Imperator.
induresco, is, rui, no sup. 1 . To become hard, to become
2. To become hardy, strong: miles induruerat pro Vitellio, the
were firm in their attachment to Vitellius, Tac
induro. as. r. a. To harden, to make hard : induratus, prater spent resntendo,
hostium timor [fit], by their resisting beyond their hopes the enemy's pre
vious fear is hardening into courage, Liv.
Indus, a, tun. adj. Indian : Indus dens, ivory, Cat; India flectere concbis,
to persuade by gifts of pearls, Prop.
i-indusinm, i. «. A shift, a chemise.
industria, as./. Industry, diligence, assiduity : ex, or de industria, on par-
pose, Cic. Liv.
Industrie, ode. Diligently, industriously.
industrius, a, nm. adj. Industrious, diligent, assiduous.
indulise, arum, pi f. A truce.
indutus, a, urn. part. past. fr. induo. 1 . Pnt on (a* a garment). 2.
Clothed in (c. ace. of the garment, more rarely c abl.).
Jindutus. us. m. Apparel, clothes.
find uvicc, arum. pi./. Clothes.
Jlnebrio, as, v. a. To inebriate, to make drunk : qui ... . vinosus inebriet
nureni, who, full of wine, will pour his drunken talk into yoar ear, JuvV
media, m.f. [edo.] Abstinence from food, fasting.
meditus. a, um. adj. [edo.] Not made generally known.
+inefflcax, ads. adj. 1. Ineffectual. 2. Weak.
Jinelaboratus, a, um. adj. Not carefully worked up, inaccurate.
Sinelegana, tis. adj. Inelegant.
ineleganter. adv. Inelegantly.
§meluctabilis. e. adj. [luctorj. From which one cannot escape by strug
gling, inevitable.
Jinemendabllis. e. adj.. Incorrigible, incurable.
ginemorior. eris, mortuus sum. r. drp. To die, to pine away over.
Inemptus. a, nm. adj. Unbought, unpurchased.
Jnenarrabllis, e. adj. That cannot be related, indescribable.
Ineuarrabiliter. adv. In an indescribable manner.
inenodabilis. e. adj. Inexplicable.
Ineo, is, ui, Itum. r. a. 1. To go in, to enter. 2. To enter an, to
 INE—INF 251
commence (an undertaking, a duty &c), to form (a plan, an alliance, etc.).
8. To enter into, make one's way into (esp. into a person's goodwill, etc,)1.
4. To invade : apnd regem iniiam gratiam volebant, they wished to gain
the favour of the king, Liv.: somnum inire, to go to sleep, Virg. ; Humerus
hand facile iniri potuit, the number could not easily be arrived at, Liv.
5. (A« v. n.) To begin: ab ineunte rotate, from early youth, Cic; ine-
onte vere, at the beginning of spring, Cic, (alto in pass, pari.) inita testate,
at the beginning of summer, Liv.
Inepte. adv. Foolishly, impertinently.
Ineptiae. arum. pi./. Trifling, silliness, foolery.
Ineptio. Is. r. n. To trifle, to play the fool, to act sillily.
Ineptus. a, urn. adj. Silly, impertinent, foolish, absurd, unbecoming.
Inermis, e, also (rare) Inermus, a, um. adj. 1. unarmed. 2. De
fenceless. 3. (Metaph.) Unprepared, untrained.
Inerrans, antis. adj. Not wandering, fixed (of stars).
inerro, as. r. a. 1. To wander: si versus noster . . . strmmo inerret in;
ore, if our verses are always on the tip of your tongue, Tib.
liters, tls. adj. 1. (Rare) Without skill, not exerting or requiring skill.
2. Indolent, lazy, inactive, idle. 3. ^Unproductive, barren, useless.
4. Motionless, stagnant (of water). 5. Tasteless, insipid. 6. Causing
indolence or inactivity : hone inertes, leisure hours, Hor.
Inertia, as. f. 1. Want of skill. 2. Indolence, inactivity, laziness,
idleness : propter inertiam laboris, from aversion to labour, Liv.
inerudltus, a, um. adj. Unlearned, illiterate, tminstructed.
Inesco, as. v. a. 1 . To allure with a bait, to allure, attract. 2. To cajole,
to deceive.
invectus, a. um. adj. Borne up on, borne upwards.
JlnevitabUis, e. adj. Inevitable, unavoidable.
JInevolutus. a, um. adj. Not unrolled (of a book), i. e. not opened.
Sinexcltus. a, um. adj. Untroubled, quiet.
Sinexcusabllis, e. adj. 1. Inexcusable. 2. That does not require an
excuse.
Inexercitatus, a, tun. adj. Unexercised, untrained, unpractised, unskilful.
Inexhaustus, a, um. adj. Not exhausted, impaired, or enfeebled.
Inexorabilis, e. adj. Inexorable, that cannot be moved by entreaty, stem.
Slnexperrectus, a, um. adj. Not awakened.
Inexpertus, a, tun. adj. 1. Who has not tried, not experienced in, un
practised in, ignorant of, unaccustomed to (c. gen.). 2. That has not
been tried, untried, unproved.
mexpiabflis, e. adj. 1 . Inexpiable, that carmot be atoned for. 2. Ir
reconcilable, obstinate (of a quarrel, etc.).
InexplebOis, e. adj. That cannot be filled, insatiable.
Inexpietus. a, tun. adj. Unsated, unsatisfied.
Inexpllcabllis, e. adj. 1. Inexplicable. 2. Impassable, from which
one can scarcely extricate oneself (of roads, etc.).
Inexplorato. adv. Without examination.
Inexploratus, a, um. adj. Unexplored, unexamined.
inexputrnabllis, e. adj. 1. That cannot be taken by storm, impregnable.
2. (Of a man) Immovable, firm. 3. Not to be eradicated or rooted
up.
Inexspectatus, a, um. adj. Unexpected.
flnexstinctus. a, um. adj. 1. Unextinguished, nnextinguishable, in
satiable, unappeasable. 3. (Of fame, etc.), imperishable.
InextuperablUs, e. adj. 1. Unsurmountable. 2. Impassable.
mextricabllis, e. adj. Inextricable, from which one cannot extricate
oneself.
uuabre. adv. Unskilfully, of rude workmanship.
finfabrfcatus, a. um. adj. Unwronght. unsmoothed.
Jinfacetiae, arum. pi/. Bad joke*, coarse jests.
infacetus, a, um. adj. Destitute of humour or wit, stupid, coarse, rude.
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 INF 253
'crius intulere Romani, the Romans advanced vigoroutly, Liv.;
•ninibns inferendis, to be fund of bringing accusations against
-ina in eum lis capitis illata est, if any capital charge is brought
■^ «* 3. To wage ( war) against, to carry on against. 4. To
5. To give in (accounts), to enter in (an ao
-duce. 7. To cause (a feeling to a person, or an
^ to inflict (an injury on a person) : multa nostris
licted many wounds on our men, Cass. 8. In-
-*■ ' onwards: atque etiam se ipse inferebat, and
it vero tineas foribus sese intulit altis, but
'or entered) at the lofty doors, Virg. j ne
'hat no one might put himself in danger

-«,. i/", -»"-■**-% 'nf imus, contr. imus). 1. Low,

He lower world, belonging to, or in
" ., ,- ^0 hades below, the inhabitants of
*~.m „ - ' - ' Tndus, they would want to raise
'-.-•' » Mediterranean Sea off the
'ower. 2. Later, living
in inferiora aecutus, fol-
-SuperL. infimus, Imus.
ji. 2. (Esp. in the uncon-
■% .iition. 3. (§Imus) The last :
.an sigh from the bottom of her heart,
.iiey entreated with the most humble soli-
.ji, to the end, to the last, at last, Hor.
aup. r. n. To grow hot, to boil,
aostile manner.
.. To infest, to disturb, to attack.
., am. adj. Hostile, unfavourable, troublesome. 2. Unsafe,
arbed : quum infestis pilis procurrissent, when they had advanced with
•pears levelled at the enemy, Cic; infeslis signis in Pompeii equites im-
pttum fecerunt, advancing their standards they charged Pompey's cavalry,
Caa.
iifitio, I», J5ci, fectum. v. a. 1. To stain, to dye, to tinge, to colour, to
discolour, to change the colour of. 2. To mix. 3. To taint, to infect,
to spoil, to corrupt. 4. To imbue, to instruct : nigrique volumina fumi
infceere diem, and volumes of black smoke darkened the day, Ov.
infldelis, e. adj. Unfaithful, faithless, not to be trusted,
iafidelttas, atis./. Faithlessness, unfaithfulness,
infidna, a, urn. adj. Unfaithful, faithless, not to be trusted,
iafigo, ia, xi, xum. v. a. To fix in, to fasten in, to fix : infixum sub pectore
vulnus, the wound with which her breast was pierced, Virg. ; Vologeri
vetus et penitus infixum erat arma Romnna vitandi, it was an old and
thoroughly determined plan of Vologeses to avoid encountering the Roman
arms, Tac
infimus, a, am.—See Inferos,
inflndo, is, fldi, fissum. r. a. To cleave : infindunt pariter sulcos, they all
in a row cut furrows (in the sea, plough the sea), Virg.
infinltai, ati«./. Boundless extent, immensity, infinity,
infinite, adv. Without bounds, boundlessly, infinitely,
infinltus, a, im. adj. 1. Boundless, infinite, immense, endless, ceaseless.
2. Indefinite,
inflnnatio, onis. t~. 1. An invalidating. 2. A refuting, refutation,
infirme. adr. Weakly, in a slight degree.
Infirmltai, atis. f. 1. Want of strength, weakness, feebleness : infirmi-
tas animi, want of courage, Cic 2. JBnd health. 3. Ficklenesa,
want of firmness : pntiendum huic infirmitati est quodcunque vos censue-
ritis, they as the weaker sex must submit to whatever you decide, Liv.
252 INF-
infacundus, a, nm. adj. Devoid of eloquence, ineloquent.
infamia, St./. Ill fame, ill report, disgrace, infamy, ignominy.
infamis, e. adj. Of bad character, disreputable, discreditably notorious,
infamous (used also of other things besides men and their conduct): in
fantes scopuli, rocks infamous for the number of ships wrecked on them,
Hor, ; Alpes infames frigoribus. the Alps intolerable by reason of the clod
Liv. ; non anus infami carmine ruropet humum, no old woman shall cleave
asunder the ground with wicked magical incantations, Or.; infamis digital,
the middle linger, Pers.
mfamo, as. v. a. To bring into ill repute, to make notorious for disgrace :
infamanda; rei causa, with a view to putting the matter in the worst light,
Liv.
infandus, a, nm. adj. [For.] Unspeakable, unutterable, shocking, horrible,
monstrous, wicked (very rarely used of persons) : (n. pi. as adv.) infanda
furens, raging horribly, Virg.
infans. antis. adj. 1 . Speechless, dumb, not having yet learned to speak.
2. Of an infant 3. Infantine, childish, silly (also m.f. as raost. an
infant, a baby) : infantes status, new statues, Hor. (according to Bentley,
statues which do not speak where everything else does, being placed in the
Forum).
infantia, m.f. 1. Hi. ability to speak. 2. Want of eloquence. 3.
(Most usual ) Infancy, childhood.
infarcio or -ercio, cis, si, turn. v. a. 1. To stuff in, to cram in. 2.
+To fill.
infatuo, as. v. a. To render foolish, to infatuate, to make a fool of.
infaustus, a, nm. adj. Unfortunate, ill-omened (not of persons).
infector, oris. m. A dyer.
infectus, a, nm. adj. Not made, not done, not effected, left undone, un
finished : infecta victoria, if you do not obtain the victory, Liv. ; infectum
argentum, uncoined silver, Liv. ; neque diffinget infectumque reddet
quod fugiens semel bora vexit, nor can he undo what flying time has once
borne along with it as done, Hor. ; rex nihil jam infectum Metello cie-
dens, the king thinking that nothing now remained to be done by Metel-
lus. Sail.
infectus. a, uni. part. past, from inficio, q. v.
infecundus, a, tun, adj. Unfruitful.
finfelicltas, atis. / Infelicity, ill-fortune.
inleliclter. adv. 1. Unluckily. 2. Unsuccessfully.
tinfelico, as, and fllclto, as. To render unhappy.
inftlix, icis. adj. 1. Unfruitful, not fertile. 2. Unfortunate, unhappy
(both of persons and events), disastrous : arbor infelix, the gallows, Cic
infense. adv. In a hostile spirit or manner.
Jinfenso, as. v. a. 1. To treat in a hostile manner, to ravage. '-'. (As
r. n.) To bo hostile, unfriendly.
infensus, a, um. adj. 1 . Hostile, unfriendly, enraged (sometimes c. dat.) :
valetudo infensa, delicate health, Tac: infensius serviiium, a more oppressive
slavery, Tac.
infercio, v. infarcio,
inferise, arum. pl.f. Sacrifices in honour of the dead.
t§infern6. adv. Below.
infernus, a, um. adj. 1. Lower, lying beneath. 2. Infernal (of or
belonging to the shades below, or to Hell; in Hell, Hellish) : inferna Juno,
Proserpine, Virg. ; inferna palus, the Styx, Ov, ; inferna r.itis, the boat of
Charon, Prop.; inferna rota, the wheel of Ixion, Prop.; infernae umbrae, the
ghosts of the dead, Tac. ; Theseus infeniis testatur, Theseus bears witness
to the shades below. Prop.
infero, fers, tuli, illatum. v. a. 1. To carry, bring, or bear (anything)
to or into, to bring on, to place on (c dat. or c. in and act). 2. To
advance, to bear forward, to cause to advance (standards), to bear against:
 INF 253
gradum serins inrulere Romani, the Romans advanced vigorously, Li v.;
delectari criminibns inferendis, to be fond of bringing accusations against
people, Cic. ; siqnain eum lis capitis illataest, if any capital charge is brought
against him, Cic 3. To wage (war) against, to carry on against. 4. To
bear to burial, to bury. 5. To give in (accounts), to enter in (an ac
count). 6. To introduce. 7. To cause (a feeling to a person, or an
obstacle to an action); to inflict (an injury on a person): rnulta nostris
Tnlnera inferebant, they inflicted many wounds on our men, Cees. 8. In-
fero me, to go to, to proceed onwards : atque etiam se ipse inferebat, and
he even came himself, Cic ; ut vero vEm'as foribus sese intulit nltis, but
when JEnnt presented himself (or entered) at the lofty doors, Virg. ; ne
quis se in vita; discrimen inferret, that no one might put himself in danger
of his life, Cic
inferos, a, am (comp. inferior, superl. inflmus, contr. imus). 1. Low,
beneath, underneath. 2. (Esp.) In the lower world, belonging to, or in
the shades below ; (pi. m. as subst.) the shades below, the inhabitants of
the shades below: Sylla sit iis ab inferis excitandua, they would want to raise
Sylla from the dead, Cic ; mare inferum, the Mediterranean Sea off the
Italian coast, Cic. — Compar. inferior. 1. Lower. 2. Later, living
at a later age. 3. Inferior (in any respect) : non inferiora secutus, fol
lowing one not inferior to his former master, Virg. —Superl. inflmus, Imus.
1. The lowest, the lowest part of, the bottom of. 2. (Esp. in the uncon-
tracted form) Lowest in rank, in condition. 3. (§Imus) The last :
suspiret ab imo fcemina, let a woman sigh from the bottom of her heart,
Ov.; precibus infirois petiere, they entreated with the most humble soli
citations . . ., Li v.; ad imum, to the end, to the last, at last, Hor,
infervesco, is, rvni, no sup. r. *. To grow hot, to boil.
iafeste. adv. In a hostile manner.
infeato, as. c. a. To infest, to disturb, to attack.
iafestus, a, am. adj. Hostile, unfavourable, troublesome. 2. Unsafe,
disturbed : quum infestis pilis procurrissent, when they had advanced with
spears levelled at the enemy, Cic; infestis signis in Pompeii equites im-
petum fecerunt, advancing their standards they charged I'ompey's cavalry,
Co.
inficio, Is, feci, fectum. r. a. 1. To stain, to dye, to tinge, to colour, to
discolour, to change the colour of. 2. To mix. 3. To taint, to infect,
to spoil, to corrupt. 4. To imbue, to instruct: nigrique volumina fumi
infceere diem, and volumes of black smoke darkened the day, Ov.
infidelis, e. adj. Unfaithful, faithless, not to be trusted.
iafidelltas, atis./. Faithlessness, unfaithfulness.
infidus, a, um. adj. Unfaithful, faithless, not to be trusted.
iaCgo, is, zi, xum. v. a. To fix in, to fasten in, to fix : infixum sub pectore
vulnus, the wound with which her breast was pierced, Virg. ; Vologesi
vetus et penitus infixum oral arma Romana vitandi, it was an old and
thoroughly determined plan of Vologeses to avoid encountering the Roman
arms, Tac
iafimus, a, tun.—See Inferos.
infindo, is, fidi, fissnm. r. a. To cleave : infindunt pariter sulcos, they all
in a row cut furrows (in the sea, plough the sea), Virg.
infinitas, atis./*. Boundless extent, immensity, infinity.
infinite, adv. Without bounds, boundlessly, infinitely.
infinltuj, a, um. adj. 1. Boundless, infinite, immense, endless, ceaseless.
2. Indefinite.
infirmatio. onis. /. 1. An invalidating. 2. A refuting, refutation.
infirme. adv. Weakly, in a slight degree.
infinnltas, atis. f. I. Want of strength, weakness, feebleness : infirmi-
tas animi, want of courage, Cic 2. tBad health. 3. Fickleness,
want of firmness : patiendum huic infirmitati est quodcunque vos censue-
ritis, they as the weaker sex must submit to whatever you decide, Liv.
254 INF
infinno, ai. t». a. 1. To weaken, to enfeeble, to diminish the strength
of. 2. To invalidate, to disprove. 3. To abrogate, to repeal.
infirm us, a. tun. adj. 1. Infirm, not strong, not powerful, week, feeble.
2. Infirm in health, ill. 3. Not firm, weak-minded, faint-hearted, irre
solute,, not to be depended on. 4. Not to be relied on, unimportant (of
things) : infirmi ad resistendum, unable to make a vigorous resistance,
Cffis. ; cum pecore infirmo, with helpless sheep, Ov.
infit. found in no other pers., tense, or number. He begins, he begins to
speak, he begins to say.
infltia?. arum. pLf. Denial (only in the phrase infitias eo, I deny, Liv.).
infitialis. e. adj. Negative, consisting in denial.
infitiatio, onis./ A denying, a denial.
initiator, oris. w. One who denies (esp. a debt, or the receipt of a de
posit).
infltior, axis, &tUB sum. v. dep. To deny, to disown (sometimes esp. to
deny a debt or the receipt of a deposit) : fanta .... decolor et faetis in-
titianda tuis, a report .... disgraceful, and one to which yam deeds
ought to give the lie, Ov.
infiammatio, oni&.f. A kindling, a setting on fire, an inflaming.
inflammo, aa. v.a. I. To set on fire, to kindle, to light. 2. To in
flame, to excite, to stimulate.
Inflate, adv. In an inflated tone, with exaggeration, grandiloquently.
inflati >. onis./. Flatulence.
inflatus. us. m. 1. A blowing into. 2. Inspiration: si inflation nan
rrcipiant, if they be not blown into (of flutes), Cic.
inflatus. a, urn part. pass, of inflo ; used also as adj. c compar. etc I.
Swelled up, swollen. 2. Puffed up, haughty, arrogant. 3. Turgid*,
bombastic : inflati capilli, hair blown about by the wind, Ov. ; inflati amues,
rivers iwoln with floods, Liv.
inflecto, is, li, xum. v. a. 1. To bend. 2. To modulate : to m-
flexa, a plaintive tone, Cic. 3. To bend aside, to pervert (law, etc).
4. To alter, to soften. 5. To make an impression on, to more, to sway,
to cause to waver,
§infletus, a, am. adj. Unwept, unlamented.
inflexio, onis./; A bending, a swaying.
^inflexus. us. m. A bending, a winding.
infligo. is, xi, ctum. r. a. 1 . To strike (one thing) against or on (another),
to dash against. 2. To inflict, to deal (a blow).
inflo, as. v.a. I . To blow into, or on, to inflate, to swell out by blowing aa,
to play (a wind instrument). 2. To puff up, to inflate (with hope,
pride, etc.) : Antipater paullo inflavit vebementius, Antipater was a little
more vigorous (in style), Cic.
influo. is, xi, uxum. v. n. 1. To flow into, to fall (as a river) into (a sea).
2. To rush into, hasten or press into. 3. To make way gently into
(the mind, etc.) : ex ilia lenitate ... ad hanc vim acerrimam . . . influat
oportet aliquid, something of that gentleness ought to be infused into that
acrimonious energy (so as to temper it), Cic.
infodio. is, fddi, fossum. v. a. To dig in, to bury, (c. dat. or c in and
ace. of that in which the thing buried or dug in is placed).
informatio, onis. / An idea, a conception. 2. An explanation (of a
word, of the meaning of a word or sentence).
informis. e. adj. 1. Void of f«.rm, shapeless. 2. Unshapely, unsightly,
ugly, horrid-looking, disfigured, disfiguring.
informo, as. v.a. 1. To form, to shape, to fashion, to make. 2. To
form an idea of, to conceive. 8. To give an idea of, to describe : in-
formnri ad liumanitatem, to be trained in proper knowledge and accom-
plishnvnts, Cic
infortunatus, a, nm. adj. Unfortunate, (of persons) unlucky.
infortunium, i. n. Misfortune, calamity.
infra, adv., and prep. c. ace 1. {udv.) Below, beneath (comp. inferitu,
 INF — I N G 255
lower down). 2. (prep.) Below, beneath. 3. Later than fin point of
chronology). 4. Interior to (in number, size, importance, rank, etc.).
infractio, onis./. Infractio animi, faintheartedness, dejection, Cic.
iniractns, a, am. part. pass, from infringo, q. v.j used also as adj. 1.
Broken ( in courage or vigour), dispirited. 2. Impaired, injured, di
minished : Veritas pluribus modis infracta, truth was falsified in many ways,
Tae 3. Broken, unconnected (expressions, etc.).
finfragllis. e. adj. Strong, not to be broken.
finfremo, is, ui. I turn. v. n. To roar, to bellow.
infrenatns, a, am, and §infr«ni», e, and us, a, am. adj. Without a bridle,
unbridled.
§infrendeo, ea, no perf. v. n. To gnash.
infreno, as. v. a. 1. To bridle, to harness. 2. To restrain.
infrequens, entis. adj. 1. Unfrequent, unusual (of a person who does
not often do a thing ; more rarely of a thing not often done). 2. Not
numerously attended or inhabited, unfrequented. 3. In scanty numbers
(of a crowd, troops, etc.) : infrequentia armatis signa, standards not accom
panied by many soldiers, i.e. regiments weak in numbers, Liv.; rei mili-
taris infrequent, unexperienced in matters of war, Cic. ; pars [urbis]
infrequent seditious, part of the city containing very few houses, Liv.
infrequentia. se./. 1. Smallness of numbers, scantiness of attendance.
2. ^Solitariness (of a place).
infringe, is, fregi, fractum. r. a. 1. To break in, to break. 2. To
bruise. 3. To break down, to diminish the force of, to check (the
attempts of an enemy), to dishearten, to weaken, to impair. 4. To
break off, to put an end to: [we see] infringi linguam, that the tongue
stammers, Lucr.
§infrons. dis. adj. Leafless, i. e. without trees.
Jinfructuosus, a, nm. adj. Fruitless, profitless.
infucatus, a, nm. adj. Painted over, disguised.
iurula, SB. f. 1. A long strip of cloth, a band, a bandage. 2. A fillet
(for a priest, or a victim). 3. A badge of honour (said of the lands
belonging to the state).
Itinfulatus. a, um. adj. With a fillet on.
infnndo, is, fudi, fusum. v. a. 1 . To pour in or into, to infuse, to pour
on or over (c. dat., more rarely c. in and ace). 2. To mix (for a person
to drink), to give (to one) to drir.k (c. dat. pers.). 3. To spread over:
conjugis infusus gremio, lying on his wife's bosom, Virg.; nudos humeris
infusa capiilos, with her unadorned hair dishevelled over her shoulders, (or
perhaps by hypailage) with her hair dishevelled over her bare shoulders, Ov.
infusco, as. v. a. I. To make of a dark colour, to darken. 2. To sully.
§ingemino, as. v. a. and n. I. (r. a.) To redouble, to repeat 2. (v. n.)
To redouble.
ingemisco, is. and ingemo, is, ui, Itum. v. n. and a. I. (v. a.) To groan
over, to lament, to bewail (c. dat. or c. ace, or c. ace. and infin.). 2.
(c. «.) To groan.
ingenero, as. v. a. I. To implant, to engender (c. in and ace. or c. dat).
2. To generate, to create.
ingeniose. adv. Ingeniously, cleverly.
ingeniosus, a, nm. adj. 1. Clever, ingenious, gifted with good abilities
(e. abl. or c. ad and ace. of what is done, or to be done) : res est in^eniosa
dare, to give is a proof of talent, Ov.; terra ingeniosa colenti, a land which
makes a good return to a cultivator, Ov.
ingeninm. i. n. [gigno.] 1. Natural quality, natural character. 2.
Natural inclination, disposition. 3. Good abilities, talent, genius. 4.
JA clever contrivance.
+;ingeno, is, ui. To implant.
ingens, entis. adj. Very large, vast, huge, great (in every sense).
ingenue, adv. 1, As becomes a well-born person, liberally. 2. Frankly,
ingenuously.
254 INF
UllaM, •*.».«. 1. To rain, to enfeeble, to <T:mimh '
of i T» in^alda*. to djs^r^ve. 3. To ahrotate. to i
I>firm2&. ft. at *r£. 1. Irfirm, not
& lurlrm in h«.dt 3L S. Not firm, wrak-mmird, i
«htt». i« to to inmdtd to. 4. Not to be icbed a^i "
«ki ■«>* : i irsti ad naiaandasi. usable to anke •>*-"' '
C» : --ia tevi.iv -aima*. wrta Mpiejs abeep. Ot.^ 7 ft a. -« * ^ ">
>». ******* -S*'
Mt v<^iti » a» otaer peek, arose, < . <\% * *% \
atnafc. ae arc's* u at.
ia*~ v * . apHai ml * x\**~*£ r «•:▼ ^» *v> t aV * 3* % <
MMSaVl
BaCtukaa. <
aa4ata%MCi
 INH—INJ 257
to disentangle themselves from the enemy, backed
%
■ backing water.
i open the moutb, to gape. 2. To gape at, to gaie
•5 » ^»
8. +To desire, to covet (c. ace.).
> dishonour, to disgrace.
1. Dishonourable, disgraceful, shameful. 2.
V •* \ T. Unhonoured, disregarded, to whom proper
t- nrewarded.
- '<■ ' '-, '< '** '* V, ogly.
no sup. v.n. 1. To stand on end, to
»tc). 2. To shudder, to tremble,

adj. inhospitable.
t* '
2. Discourteously,
lelty. 2. Incivility, dis-
4. Stinginess,
vage. 2. Uncivil, un-
•V, c minus inhumana pars
'ne feelings, Tac.

ice.

"^ "„ * vln P1-) A »tate of un-

^,' at variance.
.c, inimical, unfriendly. 2. §Of or
irom an enemy (as spoils, etc) ; (m. as

.qually. 2. Unfairly, unjustly, wrongly.

1. Unevenness, inequality. 2. An unfavourable
•»» of the time, etc.), unpropitiousness, adverse character.
-'*•.injustice : vestram iniquitatem accusatote, lay the blame on
.-«• '»Z' •" of -vour d"""1"118. Cic
adJ- I. Uneven, not level. 2. Out of proportion, not
10 proper moderation, too heavy (of a plough), too hot (of the
frfoorabl A Unfair, unjust 4. Wicked, scandalous. S. Un-
,e' i '"f > unfriendly. 6. Unsuitable : iniquse mentis asellus,
, , . obstinate disposition, Hor.; quod ii ferunt iniquo animo, at
w^they are indignant, Cic.
laltiuin i* °* To initiate >nto (c. abl. of "that into which),
""pi} p" ^ beginning, a commencement. 2. Origin. 3.
^principles. 4. Sacred mysteries, to which only the ini-
twinn. 're iemitted*'"*u :• tua
tua mater
mater initia,
inula, the instruments used in your myj-
*•»■ pari. jri
r. ine0j qt v.
ineo, q. v> Nondum
Nondui initis seditiosis tribunis plebin,
"e •MitiMn tribunes
tribun< •
of the people not having . £ . .'
been as yet established,
on'r* *u')duct^ue ratione", having enteredinto and adjusted a calcu-
?udtni a. „
+*injectn Approach, arrival, entrance. 2. Beginning.
itijlcio, i, i^J' "'" A W'nS on> a placing on, a putting on.
o'er'f '• J'St'Ua. ». o. 1. To throw, cast, or put in, into, on, or
loe njj1'.111 a"? acct or c. dat.) : mannm virgini injecit, he laid hands on
'""elf twi' 8ese 'laud nesc'a mort' injicit, not unawares she exposes
,0 infusTf t '^ ^'r*- "" ^° ^t,nS 'nt0 or upon, to occasion, to cause,
' feeling into a person, c. dat. pers.). 3. To suggest, to throw
I a qusjn so injiciens animus, to which when the mind applies
256 ING—INH
ingenultas, atil./ 1. Good birth, the condition of one well bora. %
Ingenuousness, frankness, honourable conduct and feelings.
ingenuus, a, um. adj. 1. Native (i. e. not foreign), natural (not acquired).
2. Freeborn, born of good family. 3. Gentlemanlike in feeling, gentle
manlike, candid, ingenuous, frank. 4. Delicate.
ingero, is, gessi, gestum. v. a. 1. To carry in, bring in. 2. To throw-
on, at, or against (c. in and ace or c. dat.). 3. To heap upon (lit and
metaph. of heaping abuse, insult, etc., on). 4. To introduce, bring for
ward, force (a thing or person) on (another).
ingigno, is, genui. Hum. v. a. To implant, to engender, to implant
innately.
inglorius, a, um. adj. Without fame, inglorious : nee ipse inglorius mili
tia;, nor was he himself destitute of military renown, Tac
inglu'vies, Si./. 1. The crop, the maw. 2. Gluttony.
ingrate. adv. 1. Unpleasantly, disagreeably. 2. Ungratefully.
ingratiis contr. §ingratis. all. pi. used as adv. Against a person's will.
ingratus, a, um. adj. 1. Unpleasant, disagreeable. 2. Unthankful,
ungrateful : cineri ingrato suprema ferebant, they were paying the hut
honours to the ashes which could make no return, Virg.; ingratus salutis,
ungrateful for his safety, Virg.; id tibi erit ingratum, you will get no
thanks for it, Ter.
ingravesco, is. no perf. e. n. 1. To become heavier. 2. t§To become
pregnant. 3. To become oppressive, severe, violent. Annona ingravescit,
the price of corn rises; alter in dies ingravescit, the other gets worse (more
furious) every day, Cic; falsis ingravescebat, owing to his false pretences,
his condition became worse and worse, Tac.
ingravo, as. v. a. 1. To make worse, to aggravate. S. To weigh
down.
ingredior, eris, gressus sum. v. dtp. 1. To go into, to enter. 2. To
go forward, to advance, to walk. 3. To enter upon (an undertaking,
etc.), to engage in, to undertake, to begin : hujus ego vestigia ingressus, I
treading in his footsteps, Liv.
ingressio, onis. /., and ingressus, us. m. 1. An entrance. 2. Gait,
way of walking. 3. A commencement : instabilem ingressum preebebet,
it made the footing insecure, Liv.; ingressus hostiles, hostile incursions,
Tac.
ingruo, is, ui. no sup. v. «. 1. To rush on, to rush upon, to come on vio
lently, to attack. 2. To become more violent.
inguen, Inis. n. The groin.
ingurglto, as. r. a. To plunge into : in ejus igitur copias cum se snbito
ingurgitavisset, therefore when he had suddenly swallowed up all that
man's property, Cic; postridie so rursus ingurgitant, the next day they
gorge themselves again (plunge again into gluttony): ingurgitare se in
flagitin, to plunge into all kinds of wickedness, Cic
inhabllis, e. adj. 1. Unmanageable, unwieldy. 2. Unfit for, unsuited
to, incapable of: multitudo inhabilis ad consensual, the multitude incapable
of unanimity.
Inhabltabllis, 0. Uninhabitable.
Inhsereo, es, si. sum, and inheeresco, is. no perf. v. n. 1. To stick in, to
inhere in (c. abl. or in and abl.), be inherent in, to adhere to (c. ltd and
ace), to cling to, to cling. 2. To be intimately connected with, to bo
always present to (the eyes, or thoughts) : vultibus ilia tuis tanquara prse-
sentis inheerct, she clings to the memory of your looks, or gazes on yon
with her mind's eye, as though you were present, Ov.; studiis communibos
ecquid inheres, do you at all persevere in our common studies, Ov.
Inhalo, as, v. a. To breathe in, to inhale,
InMbeo. es, ui, Itum. r. a. 1. To keep back, to check, to restrain. i.
To hinder. 3. To practise, put in operation, employ (c dat. or c in
and ace. of those towards whom : inhibeo navem. to back a vessel, t-»
back water : cum divellere ae ab hoste cupicntes inhiberent Rhodii, when
 INH—INJ 257
the Rhodians, wishing to disentangle themselves from the enemy, backed
water, Li v.
Inhlbitio, onis./ A backing water.
initio, as. v. n. 1. To open the month, to gape. 2. To gape at, to gaze
intently at (c. dat.). 3. +To desire, to covet (c. ace.).
Sfohonesto, as. v. a. To dishonour, to disgrace.
Inhonestus, a, um. adj. 1. Dishonourable, disgraceful, shameful. 2.
+Uftlv, unsightly.
lnhondratus. a, um. adj. I. Unhonoured, disregarded, to whom proper
honours are not paid. 2. Unrewarded.
^iaaonorns, a, um. adj. Unsightly, ngly.
Inhorreo, es, ni, and Inhorresco, is, no sup. e. n. 1. To stand on end, to
bristie, to stand erect (of hair, crops, etc). 2. To shudder, to tremble,
to quiver, to shake.
Stahospltalis, e, and ginhospltus, a, am. adj. inhospitable.
Inhospitalitas, atis./ Inhospitality.
Inhumane, and niter, adv. 1. Inhumanly. 2. Discourteously.
inhumanltas, atis. / 1. Inhumanity, cruelty. 2. Incivility, dis
courtesy. 3. Unkindness, churlishness. 4. Stinginess.
inlumanus, a, um. adj. 1. Inhuman, cruel, savage. 2. Uncivil, un
mannerly, discourteous, uncivilised, uneducated : nee minus inhumana pars
vise, nor was a part of the road less repulsive to humane feelings, Tac.
inimmatus, a, tun. adj. Unbnried.
udbi adv. 1. There. 2. On the point of taking place.
nriens, euntis. pari. fr. ineo, q. v.
Inlmlee. adv. In a hostile, unfriendly manner.
iaimlcitia, ss.f. 1. Enmity, hostility. 2. (In pi.) A state of un-
fr endliness, a quarrel.
ilimico, as. v. a. To make hostile, to set at variance.
Islmicns, a, um. adj. 1. Hostile, inimical, unfriendly. 2. §Of or
belonging to an enemy, taken from an enemy (as spoils, etc.) ; (m. as
aosf.) an enemy, a foe.
iniqne. adv. 1. +Uncqually. 2. Unfairly, unjustly, wrongly.
iniqultas, atis. f. 1. Unevenness, inequality. 2. An unfavourable
state (of events, of the time, etc.), unpropitiousness, adverse character.
3. Unfairness, injustice : vestram iniquitatem accusatote, lay the blame on
the unreasonableness of your demands, Cic.
iiiquus, a, am. adj. 1. Uneven, not level. 2. Out of proportion, not
according to proper moderation, too heavy (of a plough), too hot (of the
sun, etc.). 3. Unfair, unjust 4. Wicked, scandalous. 5. Un
favourable, adverse, unfriendly. 6. Unsuitable : iniquae mentis asellus,
a donkey of obstinate disposition, Hor.; quod ii ferunt iniquo animo, at
which they are indignant, Cic.
Initio, as. t>. a. To initiate into (c. abl. of that into which).
mltium, La. 1. A beginning, a commencement. 2. Origin. 3.
(In pi.) First principles. 4. Sacred mysteries, to which only the ini
tiated were admitted : tua mater initia, the instruments used in your mys
terious worship, 0 mother [Cybele], Cat.
Initua, a. um. pari. fr. ineo, q. v. Nondum initis seditiosis tribunis plebis,
the seditious tribunes of the people not having been as yet established,
Cic; inita subdnctaque ratione, having entered into and adjusted a calcu
lation, Cic
smitus. us. m. 1. Approach, arrival, entrance. 2. Beginning.
+!injectus. us. m. A laying on, a placing on, a putting on.
iajlcio. Is, jeci, jectum. v. a. 1. To throw, cast, or put in, into, on, or
over (c. in and ace, or c. dat.) : manum virgini injecit, he laid hands on
the maiden, Liv. ; sese haud nescia morti injicit, not unawares she exposes
herself to death, Virg. 2. To bring into or upon, to occasion, to cause,
to infuse (a feeling into a person, c. dat. pers.). 3. To suggest, to throw
out a hint : in quam se injiciens animus, to which when the mind applies
»
258 INJ—INN
itself, Cic; injectos burnetii liccantem sole capillos, drying in the sun ker
hair which she had allowed to fall upon her shoulders, Ov.; plaga injeta
petitioni tux, the blow given to your canvass, Cic
injflcunde. adv. Unpleasantly.
injficundltas, atis./ Unpleasantness.
injucundus, a, urn. adj. 1. Unpleasant. 2. ?Rigorous, torero.
injungo, is, nxi, net urn. v. a. To join or fasten with (c. in and act, a
c. ii.it.). 2. To join, unite, attach, connect (c. dat). 3. To inflict,
to impose,
Cic. to enjoin (c. dat.) : injungo mini at .... I hare determined ta

injfiratus. a, tun. adj. Without having taken an oath.

injuria, SB. f. 1. A violation of justice, injustice of any kind, injury.
2. Insult, a personal affront. 3. Unreasonable severity : pertinaces ad
obtinendam injuriam, men obstinate in keeping possession of their unjust
acquisitions, Liv.; per injuriam, unjustly, Cic; neque injuria, and not with
out reason, Cic
injuriose. adv. Unjustly, injuriously, unlawfully, in an insulting manner.
injuriosus, a, am. adj. 1. Acting unjustly, injurious. 2. Insulting.
3. Mischievous, doing damage.
injurius, a, urn. adj. Acting unjustly, unjust, injurious.
injussus, a, um. adj. Without being commanded, unbidden, of one's ewa
accord, spontaneous,
injussu. adv. Without being bidden, spontaneously : injussu impentoris,
without the orders of the general,
injuste. adv. Unjustly, wrongfully.
injustitia, ee./. Injustice,
injustus, a, urn. adj. 1. Unjust. 2. Unreasonable. 3. Excessive,
intolerable; (n. as tubst.) injustice, wrong.
§innabllis, e. That cannot be swam on, that will not bear a swimmer.
inenarrabllis, e. That cannot be related, indescribable,
innascor, eris, natus sum. v. dtp. To be bom in, to arise in, to grow is.
innato, as. v. a. 1. To float in or on (c dat.). 2. To swim into, to flaw
into (c in and ace. or c dat).
innatus, a, um. part, of innascor. Innate, unborn.
innavIgabHis, e. adj. Not navigable.
innecto, is, xui, xnm. v. a. 1 . To join or fasten to, to connect with.
2. To bind, to encircle, to embrace. 3. To weave, to put together (an
excuse). 4. To entangle (esp. in part. pats.).
irmltor, iris, nixus, and nisus sum. v. dtp. 1. To lean upon, to rest
upon (c dat. or c abL). 2. To rest upon, to depend upon. 3. To
lean on so as to press down.
inno, as. c. it. and a. 1. (v. n.) To swim or float in or on. 2. (r. a.) To
swim across, to sail on or across. 3. (v. a.) To flow upon, to wash (as
a river washes a town on its banks),
innocens, entis. adj. 1. Not hurtful, not guilty, innocent, guiltless, n>
noxious, harmless. 2. Upright, honest
^inn&center. adv. Innocently, blamelessly.
innocentia, as./. 1. Innocence, blamelessness. 2. Integrity, upright
ness.
innocue. adv. Innocently.
innocuus, a, um. adj. 1. Innocent, harmless, blameless, inoffensive
2. Unharmed, uninjured.
innotesco, is, tui, no sup. r. n. To be generally known, to be or to become
notorious,
innovo, as. v. a. Te ad tuam intemperantiam innovasti, you have retumeil
to your previous habitual intemperance, Cic
innoxius, a, um. adj. 1. Harmless, innoxious. 2. Innocent, blame
less. 3. Uninjured, free from injury, unharmed. 4. JFree frus
danger, safe.
1 ginnubllus, a, um. Cloudless.
 INN—INQ 259
umubo, is, pai. r. n. To marry into (of the woman) (c. ace or c. dat.).
umabnj, a. um (only found mfim.}. Unmarried, virgin.
innumerabllis, e, and finnumeralis, e. adj. Countless, innumerable.
iunumerabllitas, atis. /. Countleu number.
umimerns, a, un. adj. Unnumbered, countleu, innumerable.
naoo, is, ui, utum. v. n. To give a nod to, to give a sign by a nod, to
make a sign.
ianuptus, a, urn. adj. (only found in fern.). Unmarried, virgin : Paris Hele-
nam innuptis juniit nuptiis, Paris wedded Helen in a marriage that was
no marriage, i. e. unlawful, Cic. (quoting an ancient poet) : decus innup-
tarum, the flower of the virgins, Cat.
[aoblltus, a, urn. adj. That does not forget, mindful.
•iaobrttus, a, urn. adj. Not overwhelmed.
tiaobservabllis, e. adj. Not likely to be noticed (of the windings of the
labyrinth) not easily detected,
inobservatus, a, am. adj. Unobserved, not noticed.
Ciaodorus, a, urn. adj. Not fragrant, not embalmed with ungents.
isoffensus, a, urn. adj. 1. Without stumbling. 2. Free from misfor
tune (life, etc.). 3. {Uninterrupted.
iiofficiosus, a, in. adj. Regardless of one's duty, wanting in proper re
spect (c. in and ace. pers. to whom) : testamentum inofficiosum, a will in
which nothing is left to the testator's relations and natural heirs.
inolesco, is, evi (no sup. till lat). v. n. To grow in or on, to grow to so as
to unite with.
•inominatus, a, nm. adj. Illomened.
iaopia, a. f. [in opes.] 1. Want, lack, scarcity. 2. Need, indigence,
poverty: solitudo atque inopia, an unprotected and destitute condition, or
those in such a condition, Cic.
iaopinans, antis. adj. Not expecting : impeditos et inopinantes aggressus,
attacking them unawares encumbered with baggage, Cxs.
bopinato. adv. Unexpectedly, unawares.
uupinatus, a, urn, and Inopinns, a, nm. adj. Not thought of, unexpected,
tuilooked for.
inopportunua, a, nm. adj. Unseasonable, inconvenient
laops, Spis. adj. 1. Destitute, devoid of, without (often c gen) : qui sic
mopes et ab amicis et ab existimatione sunt, who are so destitute both of
friends and character, Cic. 2. Poor, needy, indigent 3. Helpless,
unprotected. 4. Poor (of spirit), mean, spiritless. 5. Poor, meagre
(of style, a writer, etc).
Iaoratus, a, nm. adj. Unpleaded : re inorata, without obtaining a hearing,
without being allowed to plead their cause, Cic.
Inordlnatus, a, um. adj. Not arranged, in confusion, in disorder.
•'lorior, eris, ortus sum. v. dep. To arise, to appear.
inornate, adr. Without ornament, in an unadorned style.
inornatus, a, um. adj. 1. Unadorned, without ornament, plain. 2.
SUnrxtolled, undistinguished.
tinotiosus, a, nm, adj. Not lazy, busy, energetic.
Iaous, a, um. adj. Of Ino daughter of Cadmus, who, to escape from A tha-
mas, threw herself into the sea, and was made a sea goddess.
jaquam, also inquio, is. v. dtf. and irr. (see Lat. Gr.). To say.
iaquietatio, onis. f. A shaking, a restless motion.
tinquieto, as. r. a. To disturb.
uiqmetns, a, nm, and Jinquies, etis. adj. Unquiet restless.
inqullinus, L m., and/. -Una, m. A tenant, a lodger ; (as adj.) foreign, of
foreipi birth.
iaqulnite. adv. Filthily, impurely.
iaquino, as. v. a. 1. To dehle, to pollute, to sully. 2. To adulterate,
<o corrupt, to spoil. 3. {To dye : certamen inquinandi famam alterius,
a contest in which each tried to blacken the reputation of the other. Liv.
inquire), Is, qnlslYi, Itnm. r. a. 1. To seek after, search for (esp. in law
62
260 INQ—INS
for proofs in support of an accusation). 2. To inquire into, to examine
(c. ace. or c in and ace.).
inquislms, a, urn. part. pass, of inquiro. 1. Sought for. 2. Not in
quired into.
inquisltio, onis./. A searching for, or into, a search, an examination (esp.
in law), a seeking for proofs to support an accusation.
inquisitor, oris. m. One who examines into, an investigation (esp. in law),
a commissioner to search for evidence to support an accusation.
§insalutatus, a, tun. adj. (in tmesis, inque sal). Unsaluted.
insanabllis, e. I. Incurable. 2. For which there is no remedy, irre
mediable.
insane and tinsannm. adv. Madly, with madness, evincing madness.
insania, 89. f. 1. Madness, insanity, frenzy. 2. Excessive folly, ex
travagance of conduct: insania libidinum, extravagant licentiousness.
insanio, is, ivi, Itum. v. n. 1. To be mad, to be insane. 2. To be
out of one's senses or wits, to be foolish, to act like a madman.
insanltas, atis./ Unhealthiness, disease.
insanus, a, am. adj. I. Mad, insane, frantic 2. Foolish, untrue.
3. Violent, outrageous in conduct, furious (of winds, waves, etc. I -1.
Very great, excessive : insani montes, mountains in Sardinia called by that
name, as being exposed to storms from their great height, Li v.
insatiabUis, e. adj. 1. Insatiable, that cannot be satisfied. 2. That
does not sate or cloy.
insatiablllter. adv. Insatiably.
insaturabllis, e. adj. Insatiable.
insatflra' iliter. adv. Insatiably.
+:|:inscendo, is, di, sum. v. a. To ascend, to mount, to mount np into.
insciens, tis. adj. Ignorant, not knowing, not being aware.
inscienter. adv. 1. Unknowingly, ignorantly. 2. Unskilfully.
inscientia, 89./ Ignorance, want of knowledge.
inscite. adv. Ignorantly, unskilfully.
inscitia, as./. 1. Ignorance. 2. Unskilfulness: quo fidem inscitie
pararet, to win belief in his own ignorance [of the conspiracy], Tae.; per
tenebras et inscitiam ceterorum, in the darkness, and without the know
ledge of the rest, Tac.
inscltas, a, urn. adj. Ignorant, inexperienced, unskilful.
inscius, a, um. adj. I . Ignorant, ignorant of, not knowing (c. gen., etc).
2. Not expecting : inscioB inopinantesque Monapios .oppresserunt, they at
tacked and routed the Menapii before they were aware of their approach,
and while they expected no such disaster, Cesi.
inscribo, is, pat, ptum. r. a. To write in or on, to inscribe. 2. To
ascribe. 3. To entitle (a book, etc., to give it snch and snch a title).
4. §To mark : stature quas tu poni inscribique jussisti, statues which yea
ordered to be erected and to have inscriptions inscribed on them, Cic. ; sihi
ipse hoc nomen inscripsit, he has given himself this title, Cic. ; ipsos in-
Bcripsere Deos sceleri, they have put the names of the Gods themselves on
the crime, as guilty of it, i. e. have attributed the crime to the Gods, Or.
inscriptio, onis./. An inscription, a title inscribed.
insculpo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. To engrave, to imprint upon (lit. and
metaph.).
insSco, as, ui, ctum. v. a. To cut, to cut up.
insectatio, onis./ 1. Pursuit. 2. (Metaph.) An attacking, an in-
veighing against.
insectator, oris. m. A persecutor, one who inveighs against.
insector, aris. v. dtp.; and 1 insect o, as. v. a. 1. To pursue. «. To
attack, to persecute, to inveigh against : nisi et assiduis terrain inaectabere
rastris, unless yon attack the land with unwearied harrowing*, i. e. harrow
it over and over again, Virg. ; insectans damnum, reproaching him with his
loss, Phsedr.
tsjinsedablllter. adv. So as not to be allayed or quenched.
 INS 261
iasedatns, a, um. adj. Unquiet.
insenesco, is, nui, no sup. v. n. To grow old in, among, or §on account or.
1 jinsensilis, e. adj. That cannot be felt, imperceptible, insensible,
insepultus. a, um. adj. Unburied : qui ilium insepultam scpul turam effe-
cerant, who had conducted that irregular funeral, Cic.
usequor, eris, secutus sum. v. dep. 1. To follow (in any manner, as nn
enemy, a subsequent time or event, etc.), to pursue, to come afier. 2.
To press upon, to harass, to attack : alterius convellere vimen iusequor,
I proceed to pull up the shoot of another tree, Virg.
insero, is, rui, rtum. c. a. 1. To put in, to insert in, to thrust in. 2.
To insert among, to mingle with (c dut.) : insert-minus se centurionibus,
while the centurions mingled with the common soldiers, Tac ; in sere te turbae,
mingle with the crowd, Ov. 3. +T<> ingraft.
insero, is, sevi, sltum. r. a, 1. To sow, to plant, to plant in. 2. To
ingraft 3. To implant (esp. in pass. part.). 4. To unite.
tiinsertim. adv. Darting in.
iinserto, as. «. a. To put in, to insert.
inservio. Is. v. a. 1. To serve, to be serviceable to, to be submissive to.
2. To be the slave of, to be devoted to, to attend exclusively to (c. dat. and
fc ace.): nihil est a me inservitum, 1 have not sought to curry favour with
any one, Cic. ; [Plebs] cui ad earn diem summa ope inservitum erat, [the
People] who up to that time had been treated with the greatest deference,
Liv.
insessns, a, tun. part pats. fr. insideo, q. v.
iinsibilo, as. r. n. To hiss, to whistle (as the wind).
insideo, es, and insido, is, sedi, sessum. v. a. and ». 1. (r. a.) To settle on
or is (as inhabitants in a district; bees on flowers, etc. ; c. dat. or §c. ace).
2. To occupy (a military position, a fort, etc.), (c. ace and §c. dat.). 3. (v.n.)
To be fixed in (as an idea in the mind, a stain on a character, etc), (c. in
and abl.) : nescia Dido insidat quantus miserce Deus, Dido ignorant how
m'g'aty a Deity has taken possession of her wretched that she is, Virg.
i:sidiae, arum. pi. f. 1. An ambush, an ambuscade. 2. A snare, a
stratagem, a plot : insidiis ex insidiis, or per insidias (all in Cic), in an
underhand manner, treacherously.
insldiator, oris. m. One who lies in wait, one who plots against ; who
seeks to circumvent or catch, treacherously: nullus (est) insidiator vise,
there is no one who will seek to waylay you on the road, Cic
insldior, iris. e. dtp. To lie in wait for, to be in ambush against, to watch
for, to plot against (c. dat.): huic Gracchus insidiandum tempori rains,
Gracchus thinking that he ought to avail himself of this opportunity of
catching the enemy unawares, Liv.
insldiose. adv. By way of ambuscade, treacherously, cunningly.
insidiosus, a, um. adj. Insidious, cunning, plotting treacherously.
insido.— See Insideo.
insigne, is. n. 1. An ensign, a badge, an ornament 2. A flag. 3. A
sign, a token, a signal : insignia regia, the insignia of royalty, Cic.
insignio, Is, ivi, itum. v. a. To make conspicuous, to distinguish, to be a
distinguishing ornament of, or on : cum omnis annus funeribus et cladibu9
inaigniretur, when the whole year was made remarkable by deaths and
disasters, Tac
insignia, e. adj. 1. Distinguished by some mark, remarkable, noto
rious, extraordinary. 2. Eminent, conspicuous.
Ln.sig.-iHe, and insignlter. adv. In a remarkable, or conspicuous degree,
exceedingly. -
insignitus, a, tun. part. pass. fr. insignio; used as adj. 1. Marked, clear,
plain. 2. Remarkable, conspicuous, notorious.
•+ ; insllia, um. pi. n. The treadle of a loom.
inailio, Is, ni, sultum. v. a. To leap into or on, to spring upon (c. in and
ace., or c. ace, or c. dat).
inslmulatio, onis./. An accusation.
S3
262 INS
inslmfilo, as. r. a. 1 . To accuse (c. gen. of the crime). 2. To allege u a
charge.
insincerus, a, tun. adj. Not pure, corrupted.
insinua tio. onis./. An insinuating oneself into power.
inslnuo, as. v. a. 1. To introduce, to push forward into. 2. (As if r. s,
me being understood) To penetrate into : ut insinuare iif possemus, to be
able to insinuate ourselves into their favour, to ingratiate ourselves with
them, Cic 3. insinuo me. To enter, to penetrate into or among, to
make one's way into, to insinuate oneself into (c. in and ace.): penitus in
sinuare se in causam, to examine the cause thoroughly, Cic ; his nos rebus
insinuabimus ad causam, by these means we shall get to the cause, Cic
inslpiens, entis. adj. Foolish, silly.
insipienter. adv. Foolishly, sillily.
inslpientia, se. /. Folly, foolishness, silliness.
insisto, is, stiti, no sup. v. n. 1. To stand upon, to set foot upon, to step
upon, to tread upon, to trample on (c. dat., c. in and abl.; §c ace. V 2.
To press upon, to pursue, to follow (enemies, pursuits, etc. ) : ut usque
in exitium insisteretur (illi, sc.), to pursue him till he was utterly destroyed,
Tac; neque satis Bruto . . . constabat . . . quam rationem pugnae insis-
terent, nor was Brutus quite clear what plan of battle they meant to pursue,
Cees. 3. To persist, to persevere (c in and ace or. Jc. dat, c infin.).
4. To stand still, to stop, to halt. 5. To dwell upon, to insist upon
(facts, arguments, etc.), (c. dat.).
insitio, onis. f. Grafting, engrafting, the time for grafting.
insltivus, a, urn. 1. Grafted, engrafted. 2. JSpurious.
insltor, oris. m. One who grafts, a grafter.
insitus, a, urn. pari. pass, from insero, -evi, q. v. as adj. 1. Graftal,
engrafted. 2. Implanted by nature, innate, unborn. 3. Adopted (of
a son).
insocifibilis, e. adj. 1. Unsociable. 2. Incompatible.
insolablllter. adv. Inconsolably.
insBlens, entifl. adj. 1. Unusual, uncommon. 2. Unaccustomed to,
inexperienced (c gen., once c. in and germd.). 3. Insolent, haughty,
arrogant : erat insolens in aliena [re], he was wasteful of the property of
another, Cic
insolenter. adv. 1. In an unusual or uncommon manner. 2. Insolently,
arrogantly, intemperately.
insolentia, ee.f. 1. Unusualnets, strangeness, novelty, a not being accus
tomed to. 2. Insolence, arrogance, want of moderation.
insolesco, is, no perf. or sup. v. n. To grow insolent
§ins61Idus, a, urn. adj. Tender, soft.
insolltus, a, nm. adj. 1. Unaccustomed to (of persons), (c. ad and ace
or c gen., or sine c). 2. Unusual, uncommon, novel.
Jinsolo, as. r. n. To air in the sun, to warm in the sun.
Jinsolubllis, e. adj. That cannot be refuted.
insomnia, ae. f. Want of sleep, sleeplessness.
insomnia, e. 1. Sleepless (of persons, or of nights, etc). 2. Watchful.
insomnium, i. n. A dream.
Jinsono, as, ui, Itnm. v. n. To sound, to sound loudly, to make a loud
noise, to roar (as the wind): calamis agrestinis insonat, he plays on his
rustic flute, Ov.; insonnitqne fiagello, and he cracked his whip, Virg.; ver-
beraque insonuit, and cracked her scourge, Virg.
insons, tis. adj. 1. Innocent, guiltless (cgen. or c. abl.). 2. Without
doing any injury, harmless.
§ins6pltns) a, nm. adj. Not lulled to sleep, sleepless, watchful
in spec to, as. v. a. To look at, to look on.
iniperans, antis. adj. Not expecting.
insperatus, a, nm. aaj. Unhoped for, unexpected, unforeseen : ex inspento,
unexpectedly, Liv.
ipergo, is, si, sum. v. a. To sprinkle on, to scatter on, to sprinkle.
 INS 263
insplcio, Is, spexi, spectum. v. a. To look into, look at, look on, inspect,
survey, examine : Time igitnr te inspiciamus a puero ? do you wish then
that we should look into your conduct from your childhood ? Cic.
§inspico, as. r. a. To make pointed, to sharpen at the end.
inspire, aa. r. a. To breathe into, to inspire (a feeling, etc.).
inspoliatus, a, tun. adj. 1. Not plundered. 2. Not taken as plunder.
instabllis, e. adj. 1. Not firm, unstable, not affording a firm footing. 2.
Unsteady, not having a firm footing. 3. Wavering, inconstant, tickle.
installs, antis. part. fr. ins to ; used also as adj. 1. On the point of hap
pening, suspending, imminent 2. Pressing on vigorously, pressing close
on in pursuit (sometimes c. dat.) : instans open, pressing the work forward
earnestly, Virg.; instantior cura, a more urgent object of care, Tac.
'instanter. adv. 1. Urgently. 2. Vigorously.
instantia, ae. f. 1. Urgency. 2. Earnestness, vigour.
ins tar. n. nded. 1. A specimen. 2. An appearance. 3. Value,
importance (more usu. as adv., c. gen.). 1. Like. 2. About (of
number). 3. As good as, equal to : mortis instar putant, they think
as bad as death, Cic.
ins tauratio, 6nis. / A renewal, repetition.
instauratlvus, a, m. Renewed, repeated.
instauro, as. v. a. 1. To renew, repeat, perform over again, etc. 2.
To repair, to restore. 3. §To repay, to give as a recompense.
insterno, is. stravi, stratum, v. a. 1. To strew or spread on. 2. To
cover by spreading (esp. in pass.) : humeros .... fulvique insternor pelle
leonis, and I put the hide of a tawny lion on my shoulders, Virg.
instigatio, onis./ Instigation.
; ins t :ga tor, oris, m., and /. -atrix, -Icis. An instigator, one who excites.
instlgo, as. r. a. To instigate, to stimulate, to excite.
instillo, as. r. a. and n. 1. (r. a.) To pour in by drops, to drop in or on,
To instil into (c. dat.). 2. (c. ».) To drip upon (c. ace).
instimnlator, oris. m. One who stimulates, an instigator.
jinstimulo, aa. c. a. To goad on, to instigate, to stimulate.
iinstinctor, oris. m. An instigator.
instinctus, us. m. Instigation, impulse, inspiration.
instingruo, is, inxi, nctus. v. a. ; scarcely found except in pass. pari, in
stinctus. To instigate, to impel, to excite, to stimulate, to animate.
tirtstlpulor, axis. e>. dep. To bargain for.
instita, 9b. f. The flounce or border of a lady's dress : luditur in noatris
in&tita nulla jocis, no lady is ridiculed in my jesting verses, Ov.
institio, onis. /. A standing still.
institor, oris. m. A hawker, a pedlar.
instltuo, is, ui, utum. v. a. 1. To set up in (a place), to found, to erect,
to construct, to build. 2. To make, to hold (a long speech, a levy of
troops, etc.). 3. To institute, to establish, to appoint. 4. To esta
blish a rule (c ut and subj., or c infin.). S. To begin. To arrange,
to draw up. 7. To determine, to resolve. 8. To instruct, to train up,
to educate. 9. To gain, obtain, procure.
institutio, onis./. 1. Arrangement, customary order, custom. 2. Edu
cation.
instltutum, in. 1. Purpose, intention. 2. Arrangement, general
plan. 3. Custom, established way of proceeding : prscepta institu-
taqne philosophise, the precepts and lessons (or established principles) of
philosophy, Cic; ex instituto, according to the established arrangement or
agreement, Liv.
iasto, as, stlti, no sup. c. n. 1. To stand upon (c dat). 2. To im
pend, to be at hand, to be imminent to be just about to happen : hoc quod
instat this which is to be done now, Liv. 3. To press upon (esp. in
pursuit), to be close too, to pursue vigorously. 4. To urge earnestly, to
beg (a person) with eagerness (c. dat): te instante, at your earnest re
quest, Cie.j Marti currum instabant they were making haste with the cha
s 4
264 INS
riot for Mais, Virg. ; non ignarus instandum fame, not ignorant that be
must keep pace with bis reputation (or make events keep up with theirs),
Tac.
tinstrenuus, a, urn. adj. Lazy, spiritless.
instrepo, is, ui, ltum, v. n. To make a noise, to roar (as the sea), to creak
(as a wheel).
instructe. adv. With great preparation.
instruct io, onis. f. An arranging, a setting in array.
instructor, oris. m. One who arranges, a disposer.
instructus, us. m. Arrangement, disposition.
instructus, a, am. part. pass. fr. instruo, q. v. • used also as adj. c compar,
etc 1. Prepared. 2. Arranged. 3. Well versed in. 4. Weil
provided, adorned, equipped : decern vitiis instructor, more apt to tin by
ten vices, 1 1 or. ; instructus mandatis, furnished with instructions, with a
commission, Liv.
instrumentum. L it. 1. Any kind of instrument, utensil, or tool. 2.
Furniture, equipment of any kind. 3. (In pi.) Means. 4. (la fJ.)
Embellishments : cum eas magna impensa magno instrumento tueretur, as
he kept it (his farm) up at a large expense, and with a large stock of
everything, Cic; anilia demit instramenta sibi, she takes off her dress lor
disguise) as an old woman, Ov.j omni miiitari instrumento, all his warlike
appointments or equipments, Cajs.
instruo, is, xi, ctuin. v. a. 1. To heap up, pile up, build, erect, construct.
2. To arrange, dispose, array, marshal: aciem instruit. he draws up bis
army in battle array, Cses. 3. To plan, to prepare : ad judicium nondum
se satis instruxerat, he had not yet sufficiently prepared himself for a
trial, Cic 4. To train, to instruct; agri immemor ad quern instruendum
vires non essent, caring little about the hnd which they ( the people) should
not be able to stock (so as to cultivate it with advantage); Liv.
insuavis, e. adj. Unpleasant, disagreeable.
insudo, as. t>. a. To sweat at, to labour at (c. dat.).
insuefactua, a, am. adj. Accustomed, trained.
insuesco. is, uevi. uetum. v. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To accustom, to ha
bituate to (sometimes c. dupl. ace). 2. (v. n.) To be accustomed to, to
be used to (c. ad and ace. or c dat. or c. infin.).
insuetus, a, am. part, of prec. 1. Accustomed. 2. (Of a person)
Unaccustomed to, unused to (c. gen. or c dat., or c ad and ace, or c innn.)
3. (Of a thing) Unusual, uncommon, novel; §n. pL as adv., in a strange
manner.
insula, m.f. 1. An island. 2. A detached house, usu. such as was
let to several poor families as lodgers,
insulanns, a, am. adj. Of an island, living on an island,
insulse. adv. Sillily, foolishly, tastelessly,
insulsus. a, am, adj. 1. Tasteless. 2. Devoid of taste, i. e.
ment; (metaph.) silly, foolish,
insulto, as. v. n. and a. 1, (v. «.) To leap on or upon, to leap or bound
over, to leap or bound among (like Bacchanalians, c. dat. or c ace), to
leap, to spring about, to bound. 2. To insult (c dat., more rarely c in
and ace, or Jc. ace).
insum. Ines, infoi, etc r. pert. To be in, among, or upon, to exist in, to be
in, so as to be a part of.
insumo, is, msi, mtum. v. a. To apply, to expend (c in and ace. of the
object). 2. +To take to oneself, to assume,
insuo, is, ui, atom. v. a. To sew in or into (c. in and ace or e dak),
insuper. adv. 1. Above, on the top, overhead. 2. Moreover, besides,
insuperabllis, e. adj. Insurmountable. 2. Unconquerable.
insurgo, is, surrexi. v.n. 1 . To rise up on (c dat.). 2. To r'isa.
3. To rise against (as in rebellion, etc), (c dat,) : insurgite remis, rise on
your oars, i. e. row vigorously, Virg.
§insu?ceptus, a, am. adj. Not taken on oneself.
 IN S—INT 265
insiismTO, as. r. a. 1. To whisper to (c. dat. pert) : in aurem, or ad
aurem, into the ear (both in Cic). 2. To suggest to (c. dat.).
intabesco, is, bui, no sup. c. n. 1. To waste or pine away. 2. To
melt.
tSintactOis, e. adj. That cannot be touched, intangible.
intactus, a, urn. adj. 1. Untouched. 2. Undefiled, unpolluted. 3.
Undiminished. 4. Free from (c. abl.). 5. Unattempted. 6.
Virgin.
. intaminatns, a, tun. adj. Unsullied, uncontaminated.
^intectus, a, tun. part, from intego ; also adj. 1. Covered. 2. Un
covered. 3. Undisguised, open, frank.
integellns, a, urn. adj. In a tolerably sound condition.
integer, gra, gTum. adj. 1. Whole, entire, unimpaired, sound. 2
Untainted, unsullied, undefiled. 3. Honest, upright, virtuous. 4.
Impartial, unbiassed. 5. (Of an affair, a cause) In which nothing has
been mooted, nothing decided, undetermined : quoad erit integrum, as long
a* the matter is undecided, till I have made up my mind. Cic. ; de quibus
est integrum vobis, on which you can decide as you think fit, Cic. ; si
integrum docetur, if the matter were submitted to him as a new, an un
decided case, Cic; quae in integrum restituit, which he restored to their
original condition, Caes. ; acrius de integro abortum est bellum, a more for
midable war broke out afresh, Liv ; so, ex integro, Cic. ; integer revi
Ascanius, Ascanius in the flower of his age, Virg.; integer vita;, a man
pure in his way of life, Hor.; vultum . . . integer laudo, I praise her ex*
pression of countenance though heartwhole myself, Hor. ; integer est
mentis ? is he in his sound senses ? Hor.
intego, is, zi. ctum. r. n. To cover.
fintegrasco, is, no perf. or sup. r. n. To break out afresh.
tintegratio, onis.y! A renewing, a renewal.
integre. adv. 1. Uprightly, honestly. 2. Impartially. 3. Correctly,
with propriety (of speaking, etc.).
integrltas, atis./. I. Completeness, soundness. 2. Integrity, upright
ness, innocence, blamelessness of conduct. 3. Purity (of style etc.).
integro, as. v. a. 1 . To restore, to repair, to refresh. 2. To renew, to
keep on renewing.
integimentum, i. a. 1. A covering. 2. A disguise, a cloak, something
which conceals.
intellects, onis./ The figure synecdoche.
~intellectus, us. m. 1. Understanding, (the faculty or the exertion of it)
comprehension, intellect. 2. A knowledge of, a being aware of (a fact),
3. Intelligibility : hiems et ver et aistas intellectum et vocabula habent,
winter, spring, and summer are recognised by them, and have distinct
names, Tac.
intelligent, cutis, part, of intelligo; used also as adj. 1. Intelligent,
sensible. 2. Having a knowledge of, being a judge of, skilful in
(c. gen.).
intelligenter. adv. Intelligently, like one who understands.
intelllgentia, as. / 1, Intellect, understanding, comprehension (the
faculty). 2. An understanding of, a knowledge of. 3. An idea, a
conception. 4. Perception. 5. Skill, the judgment of a connoisseur.
intelligo, is, lexi, tectum, v. a. 1. To perceive, to be aware, to discern,
to know, to see (a fact). 2. To understand, to comprehend. 3. To
be a judge of (c. ace. or c. in and abl.).
iintemeratus, a, tun. adj. Inviolate, undefiled, chaste, not polluted.
intemperans, antis. adj. 1. Intemperate, without moderation, extrava
gant (in conduct, or passion). 2. Profligate, debauched.
intern peranter. adv. Intemperatcly, without moderation, extravagantly.
intemperantia, 85. f. 1. Intemperateness, want of moderation. 2.
Arrogance, insolence: intemperantia vini, the immoderate use of wine, Liv.
intemperate, adv. Intemperatcly.
266 INT
intemperatus. a. um. adj. Intemperate, immoderate.
intemperies, ei /., also +-periae, arum. 1. Inclemency of weather, a
storm. 2. Intemperate conduct, violence, extravagant behaviour.
intempestlve. adv. Out of season, unseasonably.
intempestivus, a, um. adj. Unseasonable, inopportune.
intempestus, a, um. adj. 1. That in which there is no time suitable for
doing anything (as such, an epith. of night) : nox intempesta, midnight,
the dead of night, Virg. 2. ^Unwholesome (of a place). 3.
^Stormy.
intendo, is, di, turn. v. a. 1. To stretch towards (c ad and ace.). -■
§To stretch upon (so as to cover), to put upon, to surround : etnppea
vincula collo intendunt, they put ropes round the neck, Virg. [who also
inverts the cases] ; duroque intendere brachia tergo, and to cover his
arms with the hand hide, Virg. 3. §To bend (a bow). 4. To direct
(anything in a direction, one's attention, one's path, a weapon, etc.).
6. To excite (to a particular line of action), to urge. 6. To turn one's
attention to, to intend : quo te dicis intendere, whither you say you are
going, Liv.; quo ire intenderant, whither they had intended (or set out)
to go, Sail.; quod animo intenderat, what he had designed in his mind,
Cic 7. tTo assert, to maintain. 8. To direct against, i. e. to
threaten with, to prepare against (c dat pers. or c in and ace.) : in qaos
crimen intendebatur, they who were threatened with an impeachment, Liv.
8. Intendo me, also intendor animo, to be on the stretch : ut se intendat
ad finnitatcm, to harden {or prepare) himself for endurance, Cic.
intentatus, a, um, adj. 1. Untried, unattempted. 2. Not having
been proved, or experienced.
intente. adv. With earnestness, eagerly, attentively, intently.
inteutio, onis. j. 1. A stretching, a tension. 2. Exertion, effort
3. Attention to (c. gen, of the object). 4. +An accusation. 5. JT'ne
major premiss.
intento, as. e.o. 1. To stretch out towards or against (c. dat. or c in
and ace. ). 2. To aim (a weapon) at (c. dat). 3. To hold out in a
threatening manner, to hold over as a threat, to threaten with (c ace of
the thing threatened; dat. pers.). 4. To accuse.
intentus, a, um. pari. pass. ft. intento (used also as adj.). I. Attentive
to, intent upon (c. dat or c abL). 2. Eager, intent 3. Rigorous,
strict
intentus, us. m. A stretching out.
intepeo, es, ui (no sup.), v. ti. To be warm.
inter (prep, c. ace). 1. Between, betwixt, amidst, among. 2. During
the course of (time, many years, etc), during: qua; inter decern annos
facta sunt, which have been done for ten years, Cic; inter ccenaro, while I
was at sapper, Cic. ; pueri amant inter Be, the boys love one another, Cic;
quod inter nos liceat dicere, which we may say to one another confidentially
(like the common French expression entre nous), Cic; dico te priore nocte
venisse inter falcarios, I say that you came the nigbt before into the street
of the scythemakers, Cic ; longo intervallo judicium inter sicarios hoc
primum committitur, this is the iirst trial for assassination that has taken
place for a long time, Cic
interamenta, orum. pi. n. Timber for the lower part of a ship.
interaresco, is, mi (no sup.), v. n. To dry up, to wither, to decay.
I interbito, as. v. n. To perish.
intercalaris, e. adj. 1. Intercalary. 2. Belonging to an intercalary
month.
intercalarius, a, um. adj. Intercalary.
interc&lo, as. v. a. 1. To intercalate. 2. To defer.
intercapedo, Inis. f. Intermission, pause, respite.
intercedo, is, cesai, cessum. v. n. 1. To come between, to be, to be situ
ated between, to intervene. 2. To intervene, to elapse (as an intervalV
3. To occur, to happen. 4. To exist between persons (c inter and ace ,
 INT 267
or c. dat, of the one, and cum and abl. of the other). 5. To interpose
on behalf of, to be surety for (c. pro and abl.). 6. To interpose so as to
prevent (as the tribunes could prevent a law, etc., from passing), (c. dat.),
to hinder, to prevent; Jc quominos, or ne and subj.: adscribit intercessisse
ae pro iis magnam pecuniam, he adds that he has been surety for them, so as
to procure them a large sum of money, Cic
interceptio, onis. f. A taking away.
interceptor, oris. m. One who intercepts, who embezzles.
interceasio, onis./l 1. An interposition (esp. of the veto of the tribunes to
prevent a proposed law, etc.). 2. A becoming surety for money.
intercessor, oris. m. 1. One who interposes (esp. a tribune who inter
poses his veto). 2. A hinderer. 3. One who becomes surety for
money.
intercido, is, di, sum. v. a. [csedo.] 1. To cut, to cut in pieces, to cut
down. 2. To cut in two, to separate, to divide.
intercido, is, cldi, no sup. v. a. [cado.] 1. To fall between. 2. To
fall to the ground, to perish, to be lost (as the recollection of a thing, etc.):
nomen longis intercidit annis, his name has been lost (or forgotten) in the
lapse of years, Ov. ; quod si interciderit tibi nunc aliquid, and if anything
now should escape your recollection, Hor. 3. To happen.
iintercino, is. r. n. To sing between.
intercipio, Is, cepi, ceptum. v. a. 1. To intercept, to take (a thing)
before it arrives at its destination, to get possession of (a thing intended for
another), to cut off (troops, etc.). 2. To take away, to steal, to em
bezzle. 3. tTo carry off (by death) : terga caput tangunt, colla inter
cepts) videntur, their backs join their heads, their necks appear to be taken
away, Ov. ; medio itinere intercepto, the road in the middle being occupied
by an ambuscade, Liv.
intercise. adv. Piecemeal, in an abrupt or confused manner.
intercludo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To block up (a path), to cut off (that
which could go by the path). 2. To cut off, to separate from (an army
from its supplies, etc), (c. abl. or c. ab and abl.). 3. To shut up, to
blockade. 4. To hinder, to prevent: a-stu anima intercluta, their breath
being stopped by the heat, Liv.
intercludo, finis, f. A stopping up : anima: intercl., a stoppage of the
breath, Cic.
intercdlumnium, in. A space between two columns or pillars.
intercurro, is, ri. sum. v. is. 1. To run between. 2. To hasten
during an interval. 3. To step between, to intercede. 4. To inter
vene among, to mingle with (c. dat.).
intercurso, as. v. n. To run between, to run against (i. e. to attack).
intercuxsus, iis. in. Intervention, interposition.
intercus, utis. /.' Aqua inter™ lis, the dropsy.
interdico, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To interpose by speaking, to remark at
the same time. 2. To inderdict, to forbid ( c. ne and subj., c ace. pen.,
abl. rei, or c. ace. rei, dat pen.) : si alii aqua et igni interdictum sit, if
he be deprived of fire and water, i. e. banished, Cic. 3. (Of the prretor)
To issue a formal decree (c. de and abl. of the subject, or c. at and
subj.)._
interdictio, onis. /. A prohibition : interdictio aqua; et ignis (Cic), or
int. finium (Liv.), banishment.
interdictum, i n. 1. Prohibition, an interdict. 2. A decree (of the
praetor).
interdiu. adv. By day, during the daytime.
t jinterdo, as, dedi, dare, datum, v. a. To distribute among : nihil intcr-
duo (another form), I do not care at all, Plaut.
Hnterduatim. adv. Now and then, sometimes.
interductus, us. m. Punctuation.
interdum. adv. 1. (Sometimes) Interdum . . . interdum, at one time
... at another, Cic. 2. JMean while.
268 INT
interea, adv. Meanwhile, in the meantime, in the interim.
interemtio, onis./. Killing, slaughter.
in teremtus, a, um. part. fr. interimo (q. v.).
intereo, is, Ivi, Itum. r. ». 1. To became lost in, to disappear among.
2. To periah, to die, to be destroyed, to be ruined.
interequlto, aa. v. a. To ride between or among.
interfatio, onis./. An interruption by speaking.
interfectio, onis./. A killing, a murdering.
interfector, oris. ;«., and if. -trix, tricis. A killer, a slayer, a mnrderer.
interficio, Is, feci, fectum. v. a. To destroy, to kill.
tinterfio, is. piss, of prec. To be destroyed, to perish
intern uo, is, xi, xum. r. a. 1. To flow between (c ace.). 2. To
elapse between.
+§interfodio, Is, fodi, fossum. v. a. To pierce.
interfor, foris, fatus sum. v. dep. def. To interrupt by speaking, to ipeak
to as to cause interruption.
t§interfugio, is, fugi, fugltum. v. n. To flee or pass between.
interfulgeo, es, si, no sup. r. n. To glitter among (c. dat.).
interfusus, a, um. part, from ikks, 1. Poured between, flowing between.
2. Spotted.
interim, adv. Meanwhile, in the meantime.
interimo, is, emi, emtum. e. a. 1. To kill. 2. To put an end to, to
destroy.
interior, us. compar. adj., superl. intimus, a, tun, no pos. [intra.] 1.
Inner, interior. 2. (Of nations) Living in the interior, inland. 3.
More secret, more carefully hidden, hidden in a more secret place : interior
epistola, a more intimate friendship. 4. Niarer, that which touches one
more nearly (fear, etc. ) : interiores ictibus tormentorum, within reach of
missiles shot from the engines, Li v.; interior periculo vulneris factus, being
too near him to be in danger of being wounded by him, Liv. ; interiore roti,
with the near wheel, i. e. the wheel nearer the post, Ov.; so, interior, neit
to the wall, Ov. ; bruma nivalem interiore diem gyro trahit, winter contracts
the day proceeding by an inner, i. e. a narrower or lesser circle, Hor.; in
terior potentia, power acquired by access to the palace, to the intimacy of
the prince, Tac; interior epistola, the middle of a letter, Cic; qui interi
ores scrutantur et reconditas litems, they who devote themselves to more
abstruse and recondite literature, Cic. j interiore nota Falemi, with a more
choice brand of Falernian wine, Hor.; superl. inmost.
intetitio, onis. /, and interitus, us. m. Destruction, death, ruin, annihi
lation.
interjaceo, es, ui, no sup. f. «. To lie between, be situated between (c dat.).
interjacio, la, jeci, jectum. v. a. 1. To place between or among (c dat
of the things between which, or c inter and ace). 2. To intermingle,
to interpose.
interjectus, a, tun. part, of prec, q. v. Anno interjecto, after an interval of
a year, Liv.; paucis interjectis diebus, a few days after, Liv.; interjects
(regio sc.) inter Komam et Arpos, the district between Rome and Arpi, Liv.
interjectus, us. m. 1. A being placed between, interposition. 2. §An
interval.
interjungo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To join together. 2. To un
yoke.
§interl&bor, iris, lapsus sum. v. dep. To glide or flow among or between.
Sinterlcgo. is. legi. ledum, v. a. To gather here and there,
interline is, levi, iitum. v. a. To smear so as to erase, to erase, to falsify
(a writing).
interlltus, a, um. part, of prec. Erased : csementa interlita luto, rough stones
only united by having mud put between them, Liv.
J-interloquor, Iris, lecutus sum. v. dep. To interrupt by speaking (c
dat).
nterluceo, es, xi, no sup. v. x. To shine, to be visible, to be visible thtongh
 INT 269
(some slight screen) : ordines quibus inter gradus dignitatis fortunseque ali-
qaid interlucet, ranks by which some distinction is made between degrees
of dignity and fortune, Liv.
interlunium, L ». The interval between an old and new moon, the time of
the change of moon.
interluo, is, ui, no tup. r. a. To flow between, to wash.
interminatus, a. am. adj. 1. Boundless. 2. §Forbidden.
fintermlnor, aris. v. dtp. 1. To threaten. 2. To forbid with a
threat.
intermiseeo, es, ni, stum. v. a. To mingle, to mix.
intermissio, onia.f. Intermission, interruption: verbis dispositis intermis-
sione, words arranged in short clauses, Cic.
intermissus, a, urn. part. pats, of seq., q. v. 1. Interrupted. 2. Dis
used : per intermissa mcenia, through the breaches in the walls or spaces
where the wall had not been continued, Liv.; nullopuncto temporis inter-
misso, not a moment being allowed to intervene, Cic.
intermitto, is, rnisi, missum. c. a. 1. To intermit, to discontinue, to in
terrupt (what one is doing): ut reliquum tempus a labore intermitteretur,
that the remaining time mii>ht be relieved from toil, i. e. that the soldiers
might be relieved for the remaining time, Caes.; nulla pars nocturni tempo
ris ad laborem interraittitur, not a moment of the night is allowed as a
respite from labour, Caes. 2. To cease, to desist : ne quem diem inter
mittens), that I might not let a day pass without writing, Cic; spatium
qua flumen intermittit, the space where the river ceases to surround the
town, Caes.; intermissa custodiis loca, places where there were intervals
between the sentinels, Liv.; ca pars oppidi, quae intermissa a llumine et
palude, aditum angustum habebat, that part of the town which, being un
protected by the river and the marsh, afforded a narrow point of approach,
Caes.
intermSrior, Srii, mortuus sum. e. dtp. 1. To decay, to perish gra
dually, to die. 2. To be forgotten : intermortuae conciones, lifeless
harangues, Cic. ; intermortuae Catilinae reliquiae, the feeble remains of Cati
line's faction, Cic
intermnndia, orum. pi. n. Spaces between worlds.
intermuralis, e. adj. Between two walls.
internascor, eris, natus sum. v. dep. To grow up among.
internecio, onis.yi Utter destruction, universal slaughter, extermination :
Lucerini ad internecionem caesi, the people of Luceria were massacred to a
man, Liv.
interneclvus. a, um. adj. Deadly, lasting till all are killed.
?internecto. if, zui, xum, v. a. To bind up, to twine, to wreathe.
internodium. i. n. A joint
internoaco, is, novi. notum. r. a. To distinguish between, to distinguish
internuntius, L m., and -a, SB. f. A messenger, one who takes messages to
and fro.
: intern us, a, tun. adj. Interna), domestic, civil (of war, etc).
tintero, is. trivi. tritum. e. a. To rub in, to crumble, to make into paste :
tute hoc intristi tibi omne exedendum est, you have prepared this dish, and
you most eat it (as we say, you have made your bed and must lie on
it), Ter.
interpellatio, onis./. Interruption.
interpellator, oris. m. One who interrupts.
inUrpello, as. 1. To interrupt while speaking, to disturb. 2. To in
terrupt (a person while doing anything, or the progress of an affair), to
obstruct, to prevent, to hinder (c. quomiuus or ne and subj., or c. ace, or
§c infin.).
+interp61i», e. and fpilua, a, um. adj. Brushed up, repaired, furbished
up.
interpolo, a*, v. a. 1. To furbish up, to repair. 2. To dye anew, t«
put into new shape.
270 INT
interpono, is, pSsui, p8sltam. v. a. To pot in, to plica between or 9
to intermingle, to introduce (into a thing) : nihil me interpono, I am sot
going to mix myself up in the matter, Cic. ; quid enim me interpooerem
audacise tuae ? for why should I expose myself to your audacious insolence,
Cic. ; spatium interpouendum ad recreandos animos putabat, he thought it
desirable to give them an interval to recruit their spirits, Cass. ; in eaa
rem se fidem suam interpnnere, and (he said) that he pledged his honour to
that, Ca;s. ; spatio interposito, some time afterwards, Cic.
interpositio, onis./ An insertion, an introduction.
interpositus. us. m. A being placed between, a coming between.
interpres, etis. in. f. 1. An agent, a go-between. 2. A messenger.
3. An interpreter, an explainer: interpret portentorum, and interpres
by itself, a soothsayer : interpretes comitiorum, the haruspices, who could
alone decide whether the comitia were duly held, Cic
interpretatio, onis. / 1. Interpretation, explanation. 2. Meaning.
interpretor, aris. v. dep. 1 . To interpret, to explain, to expound : neque
recte an perperam interpretor, nor do I take upon myself to pronounce
whether this is right or wrong, Liv. 2. To put an interpretation on,
i. e. to understand in such and such a sense.
interpunctio, onis. /'., and punctual, i. n. Punctuation.
interpungo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. To divide, to distinguish.
interqueror, eris, questus sum. v. dep. To complain at the same time.
interquiesco, is, evi, etum. «. n. To rest at intervals.
interregnum, i. An interregnum.
interrex, egis. m. One who holds the supreme power during any interval
of non-existence or non-election of regular magistrates.
interrltns, a, tun. adj. 1. Undismayed, undaunted, fearless. 2.
Without meeting any obstacle calculated to cause fear.
interrogate, onis. /, and -atum, i. «., and dim. -atiuncflla, as. / A
question, interrogation.
interrogo, as. r. a. To ask questions, to question, to interrogate, to examine
(a witness).
internunpo, is, rupi, rnpttun. r. a. 1. To break asunder, to break to
pieces. 2. To break off, to interrupt: interrupti ignes, fires scattered
about here and there, Virg.; hos intrrruptos esse, that they are separated
from one another, Cic. ; interrupts! voces, broken murmurs, Cic
interrupts, adv. Interruptedly.
interscindo, is, soldi, scissum. v. a. 1. To cut asunder, to tear asunder,
to break down. 2. To cut off, to separate.
intersepio, is, psi. ptum. v. a. To fence in, to enclose, to surround.
+ intersero, is, sevi, si tum. v. a. To plant among.
intersero, is, rni, rttun. r. a. To place between, to mingle with,
interspiratio, onis./. A fetching breath between.
iinterstinctus, a, am. adj. Variegated, chequered, spotted.
I sinterstinguo, is, nxi, nctum. r. a. To extinguish.
Jinterstltium, i m. An interval
iiinterstrepo, is, oi, Jtum. v. n. To make a noise among.
intersum, es, foi, etc (see sum). 1. To be between (with respect to spars
or time, or difference). 2. To differ, to differ from (often in 3d sing, si
irapers.) : ut inter eos ne minimum quidem intersit, so that there is not
even the slightest difference between them. 3. To be present at (c. dat;
sometimes c. in and abl.; 3rd sing, interest as impers., it concerns, it is of
consequence to), (c. gen. ; but in the case of pronouns, c abl. fern, of the pas
sive raea, vestra, etc): illud mea magni interest, it is of great importance to
me, Cic
intertexo, is, ui, xtum. v. a. To intertwine, to unweave, to embroider.
intertrunentnm, i. «. 1. Loss by rubbing, wear and tear. 2. Loss,
damage.
interturbatio, onis./ Confusion, disturbance.
finterturbo, as. r. a. To disturb to throw into confusion.
 INT 271
intervallnm, i. n. Interval, space, (of room, or time) distance between.
2. Interruption, intermission, pause. 3. Difference: tanto intervallo,
after so long a time, Cic. (ex. t. i. Liv.); dolus intervalln scelerum poscebat,
the necessity of proceeding cunningly required intervals between the
crimes, Tac
intervenio, is, veni, ventum. v. n. 1. To come while anything is being
done, to arrive during ... to interrupt (c. dat. Jc. ace.). 2. To happen :
Epicurus . . . exiguam dicit fortunam intervenisse sapienti, Epicurus says
that fortune has but little power our a wise man, Cic
interventor, oris, in. One who comes in, a visitor.
interventus. us. m. A coming between or in intervention, arrival.
interverto, is, ti, sum. v. a. 1. To embezzle, to intercept. 2. JTo
squander. 3. t To cheat
intenriso, is, si, sum. r. a. 1. To visit. 2. To inspect, to examine.
intervolito, at. v. a. To fly about, to fly among or between.
tsintervomo, is, ui. v. a. To pour forth among.
intestabilis, e. adj. 1. Disqualified from making a will. 2. De
testable.
intestatus, a, um. adj. 1. Not having made a will, intestate. 2. t Un
convicted by evidence.
intestato. abl. of prec. as adv. Without having made a will.
-tintestatus, a, am. adj. Emasculated, castrated.
iclestinns, a. um. adj. 1. Intestine, domestic, civil (i. e. existing among
or between fellow-citizens). 2. Internal; (n. pi. as uilat.) the intestines,
the entrails the bowels.
intexo, it, ui, xtum. v. a. I. To inweave, to entwine (§metaph. to de
scribe). 2. To intermingle.
Ultimo, adv. Intimately : intirae commendari, to be strongly recommended,
Cic
intlmns, a, um (see Interior) ; (ui. as subet.). An intimate friend.
intingo. it. nxi, nctum. r. a. To dip in.
intolerabilis, e, and intolcrandus, a, um. adj. Intolerable, unbearable,
unendurable, insupportable.
intolerant, antis. adj. 1. Unable to endure, impatient under (c. gen.).
2. Intolerable.
intoleranter. adv. Intolerably, immoderately.
intolerantia, as. f. Intolerable conduct, insolence.
intono, at. v.a. 1. To thunder over (c. dat). 2. To thunder. 3. To
make a loud noise, to sound loudly : intonuit vox tribuni, the voice nf the
tribune was heard like thunder, Cic
Sintonsus, a, um. adj. 1. Unshorn, unshaven, beardless. 2. Leafy.
intorqneo, et, rsi, rtum. r. a. 1 . To turn or twist about 2. To hurl at or
against ( c dat): intorquentur inter fratres gravissimai contumelise, insults of
the most serious character are bandied to and fro between the brothers, Cic.
intortui, a, um. part. paw. of prec, q. v. 1. Twisted. 2. Wreathed
among, entwined in. 3. {Distorted, depraved.
intra (adv. and prep. c. ace). 1. (adv.). Within, inside. 2. (prep.)
Within (of place or time), inside of, within reach of. 2. In, into (of
coming into or within a territory). 3. Within (of number, i. <•.), under,
below, less than : intra decimum diem quam Pheras venerat, within ten
days of his coming to Phene, Liv.; qui intra annos xiv. tectum non snbiis-
sent, who for 14 years had not gone under a roof, Cces. ; intra juventam,
before my youth is expired, Tac; epulari intra legem, to feast less expen
sively than the law permits, Cic.
intrabilis, e. adj. That can be entered.
intractabllis, e. adj. Unmanageable, severe (of winter).
iatractatus, a, ma. adj. Not handled, not broken (of a horse). Unat-
tempted.
Sintrimo, it, ui, no sup. v. «. To tremble, to quake.
lntrepide. adv. Undauntedly, intrepidly.
272 INT-INU
intrepldos, a, van. adj. Undaunted, intrepid: intrepida ili hlems, there the
winter pasted off without any alarms, Too
intrico. as. r. a. To embarrass.
'intrinsecus. adc. Inwardly, inwards,
intritus, a, tun. part. puss. fr. intero, q. t.
intro. adv. Within, in (after Terbs of motion to), into the house, indoors.
intra, as. r. a. To enter, to go or come into, to penetrate into (lit and
metaph., c. ace or c in and ace.). 2. *To pierce, to transfix. 3.
JTo inspire: in mentem jndicis intrare non potest, it cannot sink into (or
make an impression on) the mind of the judge, Cic; qui in tuam familiari-
tatem penitus intrant, who has made his way into jour intimate friendship,
Cic; intrandum est igitur in rerum naturam, we must therefore investigate
the nature of things, Cic
introduce, is, xi. ctum. v. a. 1. To bring in, lead in, introduce. 2.
To introduce a doctrine, to assert, to maintain.
intrdductio, onis. f. Introduction.
introeo, Is, ivi, Hum. r. a. To go or come into, to enter (c ace or c in
and ace).
introfero. fers. tiili, latum, v. a. irr. To bring in, to carry in.
tsintrogredior, eris, gressus sum. r. dep. To enter,
introltus, us. m. 1 . An entrance, i. e. a making an entrance, an entering.
2. An entrance, i. e. a place of entrance, a passage into. 3. An intro
duction, a preface,
intromitto, is, misi, wiissmwi v. a. To send in, to let in, to introduce.
introrsum and introrsus. adv. 1. Inward, within, in (after a verb of
motion, to). 2. Inwardly,
introrumpo, is, rupi, ruptum. v. o. To break in, force one's way in.
introsplcio, Is, spexi, spectum. >•. a. 1. To look into, inspect. 2. To
examine, investigate (c. ace, more usn. c in and ace). 3. JrTo be
hold.
introvSco, as. r. a. To call in, to invite,
intrndo, is, si, stun. v. a. To thrust in : se intrudebat, he obtruded himself,
Cic.
intubum, i. n., and Jintubus, L ra. Endive, chicory, succory,
intueor, eris, Itus sum, and tintuor, iris. v. dep. 1 . To look at, upon
(e ace, more rarely c. in and ace). 2. To look at (with the mind), to
contemplate, to consider, to regard (e ace) : quo intuens, keeping which
consideration in view, Cie
intumesco, is, mui, no sup. v. n. 1. To swell (in any way, or from anv
cause), to rise. 2. To increase. 3. To be angry with (c. daL).
+inturbldus, a, am. adj. Undisturbed, quiet,
intas. adv. 1. Within, on the inside. 2. Inwards, indoors (after
verbs of motion, to). 3. tFrom within.
iututus, a, am. adj. Unguarded, defenceless, insecure.
Inula, as. f. Elecampane.
Inoltus, a, urn. adj. 1. Unavenged. 2. Unpunished.
Tnumbro. as. v. a. 1. To cast a shadow in, to overshadow, to shade.
2. +To cover. 3. +To cause darkness (as evening does).
Inundo, as. r. a. and n. 1 . (v. a.) To overflow, to inundate (lit. and
metaph.). 2. (As t>. n.) To overflow : densi rursus inundant Trees,
again the Trojans swarm in in numbers, Virg.
Inungo, is, nxi, notum. v. a. To anoint, to besmear.
Inurbane, adv. In an unpolished manner, awkwardly, inelegantly.
Inurbanus. a, Tim adj. Unpolished, unmannerly, rude, boorish.
'hunurgeo, es, si, no sup. v. a. To push, to thrust
inuro, is, ussi, ustum. v. a. 1. To burn in, to imprint by burning, to
brand (c. dat. of that which receives the mark). 2. To inflict io-
curably.
Inusltate. adv. In an unusual or strange manner.
Inusltatus, a, urn. adj. Unusual, strange, uncommon.
 INU—INV 273
InutiliB, e. adj. 1. Useless, unserviceable, unprofitable. 2. Pernicious,
injurious.
Inutllltas, atis. / 1. Usclessness. 2. An injurious character, mis
chief.
InutQHer. adv. 1. Uselessly, unprofitably. 2. Injuriously.
invado, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To go into, to go to, to enter. 2. To
attack, to assail, to invade (c. in and ace. or c. ace). 3. To enter
upon, take possession of, seize (property, etc. by violence, or unjustly).
4. To come upon, to seize (as a feeling, fear, etc., comes upon men).
5. §To attempt. 6. JTo go : continuo invadit, immediately he attacks
(i. e. accosts) him, Virg. ; in collum invasit, he threw himself on her
neck.
invaleo, es, ui, and invalesco, is, no sup. v. n. 1. To be strong, to
become strong or powerful. 2. JTu come into use.
invaletudo, inis./ Ill health, delicacy of health.
invaUidus, a, on. adj. Not strong, infirm, feeble, inefficient.
invectio, onis. f. 1. A bringing in, importation. 2. An inveighing
against, an invective.
inveho, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To carry in, to bring in, to import; (in
pats.) to be carried (esp. on a horse or carriage), i. e. to ride or drive. 2.
To inveigh (c in and ace. of him against whom). 3. (In pass.) To
enter (by riding or driving, etc.) (c. in and ace).
Lnvenio, is, veni, ventum. v. a. 1. To come upon, to meet with, i. e. to
find, to discover, to find out 2. To invent 3. To find a way, to
contrive. 4. To acquire, to procure: postquam se dolor invenit, when
grief found its way, Ov.
inventio, onis. /. Invention.
inventor, oris, m., and/, -trix, tricis. 1. A finder. 2. An inventor.
3. A contriver.
inventum, i. n. An invention, a contrivance.
inventus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. invenio, q. v.
invenustus, a, um. adj. Inelegant
inverecundus, a, um. adj. Immodest shameless.
invergo, is. no perf. r. a. To pour in, to pour over, c. dat
inversio, onis. J". 1. Irony. 2. t An allegory.
inversus, a, um. part. pass, of seq., q. v. Upset, turned upside down, vio
lently agitated (as the sea by a storm), Hor. : vomer inversus, the plough
turned upside down (so as not to catch in the ground), Hor.; inversus
annus, the year brought back to its beginning, i. e. the end of the year,
winter, Hor.; inversi mores, depraved morals, Hor.; inverse pelles, skins
with the hair turned inside, Juv.; inversa verba, words perverted from
their usual or proper meaning, ambiguous, obscure, Ter. Lucr.
inverto. is, ti. sum. v. a. 1. To turn up, to turn in a new, unusual, or
wrong way. 2. To upset 3. To invert, to alter. 4. To pervert,
to corrupt, to deprave, to distort
invesperascit. no perf. v. impers. Evening draws on.
investigate, onis. f. Investigation, examination.
investigator, iris. m. An investigator, examiner, inquirer.
investlgo, as. t>. a. [vestigium.] 1. To track, to trace out 2. To in
vestigate, to examine into. 3. To discover by investigation.
inveterasco, is, ravi, no sup. v. n. 1. To become established, fixed, per
manently settled. 2. To become inveterate.
inveteratio, onis. f. An inveterate disease.
inveteratus, a, um. pari. fr. invetero. Inveterate.
invicem. often in tmesi, in (que) vioem. adv. In turns, alternately, reci
procally, mutually : simul eramus invicem, wo were together at one
another's houses in turns, Cic.
invietus, a, um. adj. 1. Unconquered. 2 Unconquerable, invincibl .
invldeo, es, vldi, visum, v. a. 1. (Rare) To look with an evil eye upon
2. To envy (c. dat. pers.). 3. To grudge (c. ace rei, dat. pers. ; §
T
274 INV—IO
gen. rei). 4. §(Hor. Sat.) To prevent (c. ace. and infin.) : Liborsis
scilicet invidens privata deduct . . . triumpho, grudging tbe Liburnians the
honour of her bring led as a deposed sovereign (lit. as a private woman) in
their triumph, Hor. ; caret invidenda sobrius aula, living in a modems
rank he has not a palace such as to be an object of envy (i. e. i superb
palace), Hor.; (as past, imperi.) invidetur enim commodis homintun ip-
sorum, for the men themselves are grudged their advantages, Cic
invidia. ae./'. 1. Envy, jealousy. 2. Ill will: in invidia esse (Sail-)
invidiam habere (Cic), to be unpopular, to he hated ; qua: invidic non
ipsi tantum sed causa: atque universo ordini essent, which wouid bring not
himself alone, but the cause and his whole order into odium, Liv. ; ahjit
verbo invidia, think not that I am speaking too confidently (without boast-
ire), Liv.
invidiose. adv. 1. Enviously. 2. In a manner calculated to excite
envy or ill will.
invidiosus, a, am. adj. 1. Envious (c dat.). 2. Enviable, an object
of envy, invidious. 3. Unpopular, hated.
invidus, a, um. adj. 1. Envious (c dat, pen. ; sometimes c gen. rei).
2. unfavourable to; (m. as subst.) one who envies, an ill wisher.
invigllo, as. «. «. To be awake over, to watch over, be watchful on account
of, watchful or anxious to procure (c- dat.).
-Hnviolabilis, e. adj. Inviolable.
inviolate, adv. Inviolately.
in violatus, a, um. adj. 1. Unhurt, inviolate, unimpaired. 2. In
violable.
invisitatus, a, um. adj. Unvisited, unfrequented.
inviso, is, si, no sup. v. a. To go to see, to visit,
invisus, a, um, part, from invideo, used as adj. c. compar. etc Hated
hateful.
invisus, a, um. adj. Not seen, unseen.
invltamentum, i. n. An invitation, inducement, allurement.
invitatio, onis./, and invitatus, us. m. An invitation.
Jinvltator, oris. ra. An inviter.
Invite, adv. Unwillingly, against one's will, reluctantly.
invito, as. r. a. I. To invite. 2. To challenge (in drinking to, ftc).
3. To entertain as a guest. 4. Invito me, to feast on (c abL).
invitus, a, um. adj. Unwilling, against one's will, reluctant,
invius, a, um. adj. I. Where there is no road, pithless, impassable,
difficult to travel. 2. JInipenetrable.
invocatus, a, um. adj. Uncalled, unsummoned, uninvited.
invoco. as. v. a. 1. To call upon, to invoke. 2. To call, to name.
involatus, us. m. Flying, night.
involito, as. v. n. To float upon.
involo, as. r. ». and a. 1. (v. ».) To fly towards, fly at, rush to take pos
session of (c. in and ace). 2. (v. a.) To take possession of (as m
army takes p. of a camp, or an idea of a mind ), to carry off.
involucrum, i. ». A wrapper, a case, an envelope, (metaph.) a veil, a dis
guise.
involutus, a, um. part, of seq., also as adj. Involved, obscure.
involvo, is, vi, volutum. v. a. 1 . To roll (one thing) on (another), o
heap up, to pile on one another. 2. §To roll, to roll away. 3- T»
wrap up, to envelope, to cover up -. Obscuris vera involvens, involving tbe
truth in obscurity, wrapping up true prophecies in obscure language, Viig. i
aqua involvens naves, burying the vessels in the water, Virg. ; inTsl-
vere diem nimbi, the clouds hid the light of day, Virg. ; litteris me in
volvo, I devote myself to literature, Cic. ; Si qua iniquitas involvetctv, if
any iniquity were involved in it, Tac.
invulgo, as. v. a. To give evidence, to make a deposition.
invulneratus, a, um. adj. Umvounded.
io. interj. An exclamation of joy.
 IOL — IRE 275
IoleiScus, a, urn ad\ Of Iolcoa, a town in Thessaly, from which Jason
sailed on the Argonautic expedition.
Ioniieus, a, um, and Ionlcus, a, urn. adj. Of Ionia, Ionic.
Ionius, a, mn. adj. Of the Ionian sea, between Greece and Italy,
iota, ixdtcl b. The Greek letter i.
ipse, a, m gen. ipslus, etc., also ffPIaut.) ipsus, fmperl. ipisslmus, pron.
1. Sell (according to the pronoun expressed or understood, with which it
agrees ; when alone) himself, herself, itself; (at other times) I myself, I.
you yourself, you, etc. 2. Of one's own accord, spontaneously. 3
Ipse the master, ipsa, the mistress of the house: ipse dixit, the master
himself has pronounced it (an expression of the Pythagoreans); triginta
dies erant ipsi, it was exactly thirty days ago, Cic.
Ira, se./ Anger, wrath, rage: justae quibus est Mezentius iras, to whom
Mesentraa is deservedly an object of anger, Virg.; subit ira cadentem
uicuci patriam, an angry desire occurs to me to avenge my perishing
country, Virg. ■
Iracunde. adv. Angrily, in a passion.
Iricuadia, as. / 1. Proneness to anger, passionateness. 2. Anger,
rage. B
Iracondus, a, tun. adj. 1. Passionate. 2. Angry, in a passion.
irascor, ens, iratus aura. c. dep. To be angry (c. dat. of the object) : irasci
in comua tentat, he seeks to put his rage into his horns, i. e. to show it by
butting, Virg.; ne nostram vicem irascaris, that you may not put yourself
in a passion on our account or behalf, Liv.
Iritui, a, tun. part. per/, of prec. ; also at adj. (c. compar., etc.). 1.
Angry, offended (c dat. of the object). 2. § Raging (of sea, wind,
_ etc).
Iris, Idia. / 1. The Goddess the messenger of the Gods. 2. ±A
rainbow.
Sronla, tt.f. [tipwvtia.] Irony.
tirrado, is, si, sum. v. a. To shave, to scrape,
irrauceseo, is, rausi, no sup. v. a. To become hoarse,
firredlvivus, a, urn. adj. Irreparable, that cannot be restored.
lrrellgatus.a, run. adj. 1. Unbound, dishevelled. 2. Unmoored.
irrellgiosus, a, urn. adj. Irreligious, impious, wicked,
lrremeabllis, e. adj. From which there is no return, not to be repassed.
trreparablUs, e. adj. Irreparable, irretrievable,
irrepertus, a. urn. adj. Undiscovered, not discovered,
irrepo. is, psi, ptum. v. n. To creep on, into, or over (c. in and ace).
Sirreprehensus, a, run. adj. Unblamed, blameless, faultless, (of a predic
tion) true. n v r
Sirrifquietus, a, urn. adj. Unquiet, disturbed, restless.
Sirresectus, a, urn. adj. Uncut, unpared.
SineaSlutus, a, urn. adj. Not loosened, not slackened.
irretio, Is, Ivi, Itum. v. a. [rete.] To catch in a net, or as in a net, to en-
_ snare, to entangle, to entrap.
Sirrltortus, a, um. adj. Not turned aside, looking straight forward.
;irreverentia, 83. /. A want of reverence, of due respect, irreverence,
irrevocabllis, e. adj. Irrevocable, (of a calamity) irremediable.
lrrerocatus, a, urn. 1. Not called back (in order to repeat something),
not encored. 2. That cannot be called back, or off, from (as a wolf from
slaughter).
irrideo, es, si, sum. v. n. and a. 1. (p. «.) To laugh, esp. in derision.
2. (r. o.) To laugh at, mock, ridicule (c. ace),
lrrfdicfile. adv. Without wit.
tirriditrulum, i. n. A laughing-stock, an object of ridicule,
xmgatio, onis./ Irrigation.
lrrijgo, as. v. a. 1. To conduct (water) as a means of irrigation. 2.
To water, to irrigate. 3. §To pour, to shed over (sleep over limbs,
etc). 4. §To refresh, as by watering (as sleep refreshes limbs).
T2
276 IER — ITE
irrlgnns, a, tun. adj. 1 . Well-watered, irrigated : irrignnm mero corpm, ■
body soaked in wine, Hor. 2. Watering, irrigating (of a spring, etc).
3. ^Refreshing (of sleep).
irrlsio, onis./ Derision, mockery, ridicule.
irrisor, oris. m. A derider, a ridiculer.
irrisus, ns. m. 1. Derision, ridicule. 2. An object of derision, s
laughing-stock, esp. in the phrase irriaui esse, to be an object of ridicule,
Cars.: linguam ab irrisu exserens, putting out his tongue in derision, Lit.
irrltfibilis, e. adj. Irritable, easily irritated.
irritamen, inis. n., and irritamentum, i. ». An incentive, an inducement
to.
irritatio, onis. / Excitement.
irrito, as. r. a. To excite, stimulate, to inflame, §to swell (as a flood sweBs
a river).
irrltus, a, um. ailj. 1. Void, of no effect, annulled, repealed, null. 2.
Vain, useless, profitless, ineffectual. 3. Unsuccessful (of a person) (Jt
gen. of that in which).
irrogatio, onis./. An imposing, an adjudicating (of a penalty).
irrogo, as. v. a. 1. To propose (anything, a law, etc.) against (anv one)
(c. dat. pers.). 2. To impose, to inflict (a fine, etc).
irrSro, as. v. a. 1. To bedew, to moisten, to besprinkle. 2. ;'!'•
sprinkle.
irrumpo, is, rfipi, ruptum. r. n. To burst into, to force one's way in sr
into (c. in and ace. ; also c ace, §c. dat).
irruo, is, ni, uitum. r. a. To rush in or into, to invade (property) (t ia
and ace. : vide ne ille hue se irruat, take care that he does not force tumuli
in here, Ter.
irruptio, onis./ A breaking in, an irruption.
irroptus, a, um. adj. Unbroken.
is, ea, id, gen. ejus, etc. pron. 1. He, she, it 2. That, (in nei-t
often followed by gen., as) id fetalis, at that age, Cic 3. (Before «,u
or ut ) Such a person, one; neque tu is es, qui quid sis nescias, nor are yea
a man to be ignorant of your real character, Cic. ; cum jam in eo essrt nt . . .
when matters were now in that state that..., Liv.; quasi in eo nubis"'
omnia, as if all my welfare depended on that, Cic. ; Lanuvinis eiria*
data . . . cum eo ut . . ., the freedom of the city was given to the Lanatijn",
on condition that..., Liv.; sive ille hoc ingenio potuisset, sive, id q*>^
conataret . . ., whether he could have done that by his own naton!
abilities, or whether, as was notorious . . ., Cic. ; quod ne id facere pi**.
and that you might not be able to do that, Cic. (in which sentence id is
pleonastic).
istao. adv. That way.
iste, a, nd. gen. Ins. demonstr. pron. That, this, that near the person ad
dressed : cum istft sis auctoritate ut . . . when yon are of such inflnnor
that . . . , Cic.
Isthmius, a, um. adj. Of the Isthmus of Corinth.
istic, EEC. uc A rare form of iste.
istic. adv. 1 . There. 2. In that affair.
istim (a rare form of istinc). adv. From thence, from the place where the
person addressed is.
istiusmidi. adv. Of that kind.
isto, fistoc, and fiatne. adv. Thither, to that place pointed out, or wbeiv
the person addressed is.
+istorsum. adv. Towards that place.
Ita. adv. 1. So, thus. 2. (In answers) Yes, aye. Ji. (Inaski?
questions) itane, indeed? 4. non ita (to qualify an adjective or adr.)
_ not very. S. ita nt, on condition that.
ftSlIcus, a, nm, It&lus, a, um;/ Italia, His. Italian.
Itaque. adv. Therefore, on that account.
Itom. adv. In like maimer, also, likewise.
 ITE—JAC 277
Iter, ltineris. n. 1. A going, (i. e.) a walk, a journey, a march, a course.
2. A road, a path, a way. 3. A right of way.
Iter atio. onis. f. Iteration, repetition.
Itero, ax. v. «. 1. To do a second time, to repeat, to renew, to go over a
second time : ubi Phoebus iteraverit ortus, when Phcebus has risen a second
time, Ov. ; eras ingens iterabimus eequor, to-morrow we shall again embark
upon (or cross) the vast sea, Hor. 2. To say, mention, or celebrate a
second time, to repeat, to rehearse.
Iterum. adv. 1. A second time, again, anew. 2. (In discussion)
Again, on the other hand : semel ittrumque, iterum ac tertium, iterum atque
iterum, over and over again, repeatedly.
Ithacensis. e, Ithacus, a, run. adj. Of Ithaca, of which Ulysses was king;
Ithacoa (as tubst.), Ulysses.
Itldexn. adv. In like manner, likewise, also.
Hio. onis. f. A going, a walking, a travelling.
Ito, as. r. n. To go.
Itns, us. m. 1. A going, a departure. 2. fOait, manner of going.
Itylus, i. m. The son of Zethus, killed by his brother Aedon by mistake.]
Itys, yos. i». The son of Tereus and Progne, killed by his mother and
changed into a pheasant.
Iuleus, a, urn. adj. I. Of lulus. 2. Of Julius Caesar, of any of the
family of Casar : Iulea carina, the fleet of Augustus, Prop. ; Iulea oliva,
the garland of olive boughs given by Domitian, Mart

Jaceo, es, ui, no sup. «. ». 1. To lie, to lie down, to lie low. 2. To

lie sick, to be sick. 3. To be fallen, i. e. killed, dead. 4. To be pros
trate, fallen, to be trampled under foot, to fall to the ground, to be despised,
neglected, fallen into disuse, to be unemployed, left dormant. 5. To lie,
to be situated. 6. To be obvious. 7. To be fallen (in price), to be
cheap : vultus attolle jacentes, raise your dejected countenance, Ov.
jacio. Is. jeci, jactum. v. a. 1. To cast, to throw, to hurl. 2. To lay
(a foundation, etc.). 3. To utter, to let (assertions) fall, to intimate (a
suspicion, etc.). 4. §To bear (as a tree bears fruit), to produce : jacis
adulteria, you bring forward charges of adultery, Cic.
jactans. part. fret. fr. jacto; used also as adj. c. coinpar. etc. Boastful,
arrogant.
Jjactanter. adv. In a boastful manner.
tjactantia, m.f. Boastfulness, a boasting, a bragging.
jactatio, onis./. 1. Shaking, agitation, violent motion. 2. Boasting,
bragging, boastfulness ; jactatio popularis, popularity-hunting, a striving
after the applause of the populace, Cic
tjactator. oris. m. A boaster.
jactatus, us. m. A throwing about, agitation, violent motion.
jactlto, aa. t>. a. To utter.
jacto, as. r. n. 1. To throw, to cast, to hurl, to fling. 2. To scatter
by throwing (seed, etc.). 3. To throw about, toss about, swing about
(oneself, one's limbs, cymbals, etc) : duros jactare bidentes, vigorously to
move (i. e. to use) the hard spade, Virg. ; a facie jactare maims to kiss
one's hand to a person, Juv. 4. To drive to and fro, to buffet (as a
storm or a crowd does). 5. To throw away. 6. To disquiet, to ha
rass, to torment : jactabatur enim temporibus illig minimus, for the value
of money went up and down (fluctuated) at that time, Cic. ; jactantibus so
opinionibus inconstanter, while opinions keep fluctuating in n changeable
manner, Cic 7. To revolve in one's mind, to consider, to discuss. b\
T3
278 JAC—JOC
To otter, to utter loudly, to apeak of, to mention (often esp. of uttering
threats, abuse, etc.) : quum multseantea querimonies nltro cilroque jactats
essent, as many complaints had previously been bandied to and fro. Lit.;
fabula . . . tola jactaris in urbe, you are (or are discussed as) the common
talk of the whole city, Ov. 9. To boast, to vaunt, to talk boastfully
(sometimes c. in or de and abl. of the cause of boasting). 10. Jacto
me, to give oneself airs (sometimes c. abl. of the cause). 11. Jacto me,
and pass, j actor, to devote oneself to (a pursuit, etc), (c in and abl. or
c. abl.).
jactura, a./. 1. A throwing away, a throwing overboard. 2. Lots,
diminution, damage. 3. Expense : jacturam facio, to do injury to; (more
usu.) to incur a loss, in both senses in Cic : Fulvium jacturam temporis
facere, (he saw) that Fulvius was only losing his time, Liv.
jactus, us. in. A throwing, a hurling, a throw, a cast : se jactu dedit
sequor in altum. He flung himself into the deep sea. Virg.
jaculabilis, e. adj. That may be shot, or hurled.
jaculator, oris. in. 1. A thrower, a hurler, a shooter. 2. Alight-
armed soldier equipped only with a javelin.
Sjaculatrix, Icis./. A female shooter (Diana).
jaciilor, aril. v. dep. 1. To throw, to hurl, to shoot. 2. To throw the
javelin. 3. To shoot at, to hit with a shot. 4. (Mctaph.) To aim at
jaculum, i. «. 1. A dart, a javelin. 2. A casting-net.
jam. adv. 1. Now. 2. Already. 3. Presently, immediately:
jamjam tacteros suderi summa putes, you would expect them to touch
the stars every moment, Ov. ; jainque hos cursu, jam preterit illos, and first
he passes one, and then another in his course, Virg.
jamdiu. adv. Long ago, long since.
jamdudum. adv. 1. For some time (of a thing which has been doing
some time, and is not yet finished) (usu. c. pres.) : jamdudum ausculto, I
have been listening some time, and still am listening, Hor. 2. §In-
stantly, at the moment. 3. tLong ago : nemo jamdudum litore in isto
. . . constitit, no one for a long time has stood on that shore, Ov.
jampridem. adv. 1. For some time (like jamdudum, q. v.). 2. Long
ago : jampridem resides animi, a mind long since become indifferent, Virg.
janitor, oris, m. and/, -trix, icis. A porter, a doorkeeper.
janua, a), f. 1. A door, a house-door. 2. An entrance (lit. and
metaph.).
janua, i. m. An arched passage, an arcade, esp. the arcades (of which there
were four) in the Foram at Hump, where the money-changers met.
jecur, gen., coris, and cinoris. ■., dim. jccusculum, i. n. The liver.
jejune, adv. in a meagre, dry, or frigid style.
jejunltas, atis. / 1. tFasting. 2. Meagreness, poverty (of style,
eloquence, etc) : propter eorum jejunitatem bonarum artium, by reason of
the scantiness of those men's accomplishments in the liberal sciences, Cic
jejunium, i. n. 1. A fast, fasting. 2. Hunger. 3. Meagreness,
leanness.
jejunus, a, um. adj. 1. Fasting. 1. Hungry. 3. Barren, poor as
to soil. 4. Devoid of vigour, of spirit (of a disposition, etc.), meagre,
poor (of style, etc), feeble, spiritless, mean.
++jentaculum. i. n. Breakfast.
■(■JjentO, as. t>. n. To breakfast. ,
jScatio, onii./ Joking, a joke, a jest.
JScor, aril. v. dep., tjoco, as. v. a. 1. To joke, to jest 2. To say in
jest.
jocose, adv. Jocosely, jestingly.
jocobus, a, um. adj. Jesting, jocose, facetious, sportive.
j&cularis, e. adj. Jocular, droll, facetious ; (n. pi. as skAs/.) jests.
-rjociilarius, a, um. adj. Laughable, comical, fit to be jested on.
jSciilator, oris. m. A jester, a joker.
joculatSrios, a, um, adj. Fond of jesting.
 JOC—JUG 279
jScfilor, Sru. r. dtp. To jest, to say in jest.
jSena, i m.;ph joci and joca; j-ilim. joculue, i. m. 1. A jest, a joke : joco,
per jocum, in joke, Nep. Cic. j extra jocmn, remoto joco, joking apart, Cic
2. The object of a jest, a butt. 3. Sport, mirth.
juba, te.f. 1. A mane. 2. A horsehair crest on a helmet
Sjubar, aria. n. 1. A beam, aray (of sun, moon, stars, etc.; esp.), a sun
beam, sunshine : jubare exorto, at sunrise, Virg. 2. A constellation.
jfibatus, a, am. adj. Having a mane.
jubeo, es, ssi, ssum. e. a. 1. To command, to order, to bid (c. ace. pcrs.,
Terr rarely c. dak pers., c ace. rei, or c. nt and subj. or c subj. or c. infin.)
2. To pass (a law, as the people pass one by voting it in their assembly) :
Tullum Hostilium Regem populus jussit, the people elected Tullus
Hostilius king, Liv.; rogationem promulgavit " Vellent, juberent Philippo
bellum indici," He brought forward a motion that the people should decide
and decree that war should be declared against Philip, Liv.; si volucres
habuissem regna jubentes, if I had omens conferring the kingdom on
me, Ov.
jficunde. adv. Pleasantly, agreeably.
juennditas, atis.y.' 1. Pleasantness, agreeableness. 2. Cheerfulness,
3. (In/>/.) Kindnesses, favours, good offices: dare se jucunditati, to give
themselves up to enjoyment, Cic
jucundus, a, tun. adj. Pleasant, agreeable, delightful.
judex, Icia. «./". A judge : cum ei M. Flaccus judicem tulisact, when M.
Flaccus had proposed a judge to him (i. e. commenced an action against
him), Cic.; ni judicem dices, unless you name a judge (i. c. unless you
submit to a trial, naming the judge to whom you will submit the cause),
Liv. ; prsetor det, quem vol it, judicem, the praetor may appoint whom he
pleases judge, Cic
jfidicatio, onis./ i. A judging, a judicial inquiry. 2. A decision.
judicatum, i. n. 1. An adjudged case. 2. A decision, a decree.
judicata!, us. m. Judgeship, the office of judge.
judlcialis, e. adj. Judicial, relating to the courts of justice : ille judicialii
annus, that year in which Pompey altered the form of trials, Cic.
judlciarius, a, am. adj. Of or concerning judges, or trials, judicious.
judicium, i. *. 1.. A judicial investigation, a trial. 2. A court of
justice: vocare in judicium, or judicio arcessere, to summon before the
court, to sue (both in Cic): judicium dare, to grant a trial (as the prater),
Cic; cum is judicium acceperit pro Quintio, when he has undertaken the
cause of Quintius, Cic; prasclara dicentur judicia tulisse, they will be said
to have come to a fine decision (to have given a fine vote), Cic 3. Judg
ment, decision, opinion (about anything). 4. Judgment (i. e. the power of
judging, discernment ; videor id judicio fncere, I seem to do that deli
berately (as the result of deliberate judgment), Cic; nisi quod est nostri
judicii, except what we are able to judge of, Cic
jfidico, as. e. a. 1. To judge, to be a judge, to preside over a judicial
investigation. 2. To decide, to adjudge. 3. (In general) To judge,
form an opinion, to determine: mihi judicatum est (c infin.), 1 have made
up my mind, Cic.
jugalis, e. adj. I. Of a yoke, yoked together. 2. Nuptial, conjugal:
currus geminique jugales, the chariot and the two horses, Virg.
jugerum, r. uW. jugere, oe». pi. jugerum, ail. jugeribus. An acre (only
about two-thirds of an English acre).
juge auspicium. An omen derived from a team of oxen dunging.
jugis, is. adj. Ever-running (of water, of a spring, etc).
juglanf, dis. / A walnut
j'igo. ai. v. a. To yoke, to unite.
gjugdsas, a, am. adj. Mountainous.
j ugulo, as. r. a. 1. To cut the throat of, to kill. 2. To overthrow (in
a discussion, etc) : plumbeo gladio jugulatus, slain by a leaden sword (i. e.
with no difficulty), Cic
r i
280 JUG—JD S
jugulum, i. h. 1. The collar-bone. 2. The throat.
juguru. i. n. 1. A yoke (lit. and metaph.), a collar for hone*, oxen, etc
2. A pair or team of draught animals. 3. A cross beam. 4. The
beam of a weaver's loom, of a pair of scales. 5. The constellation Libra.
6. A rowers' bench. 7. A ridge of a mountain, a summit : jugnm senile,
the yoke of slavery, Cic. ; so jugum by itself, Hor. ; ferre jugnm, to submit
to the yoke (of marriage), Hor.
Julias, a, am. adj. Of Julius Caesar; (in. as subst.) July.
jumentum, i. n. A beast of burden, either to carry or draw.
junceus. a, am. adj. Made of rushes.
juncosus. a, am. adj. Full of rushes.
junctio. onis./! A junction, a union.
junctura. SB. /. 1. A joining, a putting together, a connection, a union.
2. A joint: qua laterum junctures fibula mordet, where the clasp fastens
the ends of the girdle which meet, Virg.
jonctos, a, am. part. past. fr. jungo, q. v. ; also as adj. c compar. etc. 1.
Harnessed, yoked. 2. joined together, united, connected with (c daL
or c abl. or c com and abl.); junctissimi a personis, nearest relations,
Tnc.
juncus, in. A rush.
jungo, is, nxi. nctom. v. a. 1. To yoke, to harness. 2. To put to
gether, to unite, to join, to connect, to couple (c. dat., c com and abl. or e.
ad and ace.) (rare) : Latinus pacem cum jEncd deinde affinitatem junxit,
Latinus made peace with iEneas, and then contracted a matrimonial alliance
with him, Liv. ; pontes jungunt, they build bridges, Virg.; oscula jongit,
she kisses him, Or.; junge ostia, shut the doors, Jut.
junior, compar. fr. juvenis. Younger.
jinipSnis. i. m. The juniper tree.
ttjunix, Icis./". A heifer.
Junonalis, e. adj. Of Juno : Junonale tempos, also monsis Junonius, June.
§Jun5nic61a, se. m.f. Worshiping Juno.
Junonlgena, se. m.f. Born of Juno, i. e. Vulcan.
Jupiter, Jovis. m. 1. Jupiter. 2. The sky, the open air (esp. in
the phrase sub Jove) : Jupiter stygeus, Pluto, Virg.
juratus, a, am. part. pass. fr. juro. I. Sworn to. 2. Sworn by. 3.
having taken an oath, bound by an oath.
jurejuro, as. v. a. To swear.
tjuxeus, a, urn. adj. Of broth.
jurgium, i. n. 1. A quarrel, a dispute : tecum quoque jurgia nectat, let
her pick a quarrel with you, Ov. 2. ^Railing, reproaches.
jurgo, as, and jurgor, aris. v. dep. 1. To quarrel. 2. To scold, to
utter reproaches.
juridicialis, e. Relating to law or justice.
juiisconsultus. i. m. A lawyer.
jurisdictio, onis. / Administration of justice, jurisdiction.
juris, also jure-peritus. adj. m. Skilful, or learned in the law.
juro, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n) To swear, to take an oath (sometimes c
ace. of the oath). 2. To conspire. 3. (p. o.) To swear by. 4. JTo
promise by an oath : in se quisque jurat, they all call down imprecations oa
themselves (if something is not true, etc), Liv. ; in legem jurare noluit, he
would not swear to observe the law, Cic. ; cum calumniam jurasset, when
he had sworn to the truth of his accusation (sworn that it was not calum
nious), Cic.
Sas, juris, n. Soup, broth,
as, juris, n. 1. Right, justice, law (esp. unwritten, natural liw as
opp. to lex, written, enacted law, or human right as opp. to las, divine
right
jus dico. To declare the law, i. e. to pronounce a decision, Cic. ; non agam
summo jure tecum, I will not urge the strict law against yon, Cic. 2.
 JUS-LAB 281
A court of law. 3. Legal right, legal power : at esaet sui juris respub-
lica, that the republic might be its own master (free), Cic. abl jure
as adv., justly, rightly, truly, with reason.
jusjurandum, jurisjurandi. n. An oath.
jussum, i. »., and jussus, is. m. A command, order, injunction, mandate.
juste, adv. Justly, fairly, lawfully.
>justificns, a, nm. adj. Acting justly.
justitia, 89./. Justice, right, equity.
justltium, i. is. [jus sisto.] A cessation from legal business, a legal vacation,
a suspension of the sittings of the courts of law (sometimes esp. on account
of a public mourning).
Justus, a, am. adj. 1. Just, honest, upright. 2. Lawful, legitimate.
3. Due (esp. of a person's due rights, etc.) 4. Moderate, merciful. 5.
complete, regular: justum prselium, a pitched battle, Liv. ; justum iter con-
ficit, he accomplishes a full day's march, Cass. (n. ting, as subst.) Justice,
right : plus justo, more than is right, i. e. too much, Hor. (n. pi. as subst.)
1. Due ceremonies or formalities. 2. (Esp.) Funeral rites, obsequies,
jivenalis, e. adj. Youthful, juvenile, fit for young persons,
juvenca, 89. / A heifer.
juvencus, i. m. A young bullock, a steer; (metaph.) §a young man.
juvenesco, is, no perf. v. n. 1. To reach the age of youth, to grow up.
2. To grow young again.
juvenilis, e. adj. Juvenile, youthful, of or belonging to a young person,
suitable to a young person.
juvenillter. adv. 1. Youthfully, as a young person. 2. Rashly, im
prudently.
juvenis, comp. junior, no superl. Young, youthful; (m. as subst.) a youth,
a young man.
Ijuvenor, aria. v. dep. To act like a youth, to wanton.
juventa, 89. /. Youth.
jiiventas, atis./ 1. Youth. 2. The Goddess of youth, Hebe.
juventus, litis./ 1. Youth, the age of youth, i. e. from 20 to 40. 2.
The body of young men.
juvo, as, juvi, jutum. v.a. 1. To help, aid, assist 2. To please, to
gratify; (3rd. ting, as impers.) juvat, it delights me, it is a pleasure : juvat
limara Baccho conserere, it is a good plan to plant Ismarus with vines,
Virg.
juxta. adv., and prep, c ace 1. (adv.) Near, hard by, close, by the side.
2. In like manner, alike, equally (c. dat, or c. ac or atque, or cum and
abL). 3. (prep.) Near, near to. 4. Next to, next in order to: juzta
libertatem, in a land of liberty.
tyuxtim. adv. Near.

L.
fLabasco, is, no perf. v. n. To totter, to be ready to fall.
libecnla, as./ dim. fr. labes. A stain, a disgrace.
libefacio, is, feci, factum, v. a. 1. To cause to totter, to shake, to un
dermine. 2. §To loosen (a bond). 3. To cause to waver, to disquiet,
to perplex. 4. To weaken: jam labefactus, already sickly, undermined
in constitution, Tac.
labefacto, as. v. a. 1. To cause to totter, to shake, to undermine. 2.
To weaken, to injure. 3. To overthrow, ruin, destroy, to cause to
yield.
libefactns, a, nm. pari. pass, of labefacio.
libellnm, i. «. 1. A lip. 2. A tub, a bathing-tub. 3. A bath.
libss, is-/ 1. A fall, a subsidence (such as that of ground from an
282 LAB-LAC
earthquake, etc.). 2. Ruin, destruction. 3. A spot, a stain, a ble-
mish. 4. A stain, i. e. a disgrace, a blot : ccennm ilJud ac labee, that
filthy and vile fellow, Cic.
+labia, 8B./, and ttlabinm, i. ». A lip.
labo, as. c. n. 1. To totter, to be ready to fall, to quiver. 2. To rail,
to sink, to fall to pieces, to go to ruin. 3. To waver : litteraqoe articulo
pressa tremente labat, and the letters traced by my trembling band are un
steady, Ov. ; socii labant, the allies waver in their fidelity, Liv.; memoria
labat, my memory fails, Liv.
labor, iris, lapsus sum. v. dep. 1. To slide down, glide down, falL 2.
To glide onwards, move on with a noiseless easy progress, to pass on, to
pass away. 3. JTo escape (c. abl. or c. ex and abl.). 4. To fait de
cay, perish, go to ruin. 5. To err, to mistake, to commit a fault: verbo
lapsus in ullo, offending by any word, Ov.; hac spe lapsus, being disap
pointed in this hope, Csss.; ne adjects voces laberentur, lest the sounds ad
dressed to them (.the ears) should be lost, Cic. ; vol qui sen) lapiutn revs-
catis araici, ye, my friends,who now that it is too late seek to recover a
ruined man, Prop.
libor, and (rare) labos, oris. m. 1 . Labour, toil. 2. Distress, trouble,
pain : operumque laborem miratur, and he admires the toil expended on
{or the workmanship of) the works, Virg. ; delectus solis varios lana-qae
labores, the various eclipses of the sun and changes of the moon, Virg.;
solis labores, the eclipses of the sun, Virg.
§labor!fer, era, erum. adj. Bearing toil, laborious.
laboriose. adv. Laboriously, with toil, with difficulty.
laboro, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To labour, to toil, to exert oneseK to
strive. 2. To be anxious, to show anxiety by taking trouble: cnjns
manu sit percussus non laboro, by whose hand he was struck I do not care
(or I do not trouble myself), Cic. 3. To suffer, to be in trouble, dis
tress, or pain, to be ill (c. abl. of the disease, or c ex and abl., or abl. of
the part affected) : misera nmbitione laborat, he is afflicted with wretched
ambition, Hor. ; maxime a re frumentaria laborabant, they were in especial
difficulty from a want of supplies, Cess. ; content tu inter socio* nomen Bo-
manum Iaborare, that the Roman name was held in contempt among the
allies (the being so held being an evil), Liv. 4. (v. a.) To make with
labour, to elaborate, to make very skilfully. 5. +To cultivate.
Iabrum, i- »■ 1. A lip : quee isti rhetores ne primoribus quidem labris
attigerunt, which those rhetoricians have not got even the least taste of,
Cic; primis labris gusto (in the same sense), Cic 2. An edge. 3. A
vat. 4. §A bath.
labrusca, a.f. The wild vine.
labruscum, i. a. The wild grape.
l&byrinthus, i. m. [\atiptv9os.] A labyrinth (esp. that made at Crete by
Da-iliilus) : labyrinthei flexus, the windings of the labyrinth, Cat
lac, ctis. b. 1. Milk. 2. Milky juice (of plants): cetera lactis erant, the
remainder was milk-white, Ov.
Lacaena, 8s./ A Lacedaemonian woman, (esp.) Helen.
Lacedaemonius, a, tun. adj. Lacedaemonian, of Lacedsemon, the chief city of
Laconia, the south-eastern kingdom in Peloponnesus.
lacer. era, erum. adj. Torn, lacerated, mangled : lacerce puppet, ships bat
tered by storms, Ov.
laceratio, onia.f. Laceration, mangling, tearing.
lacerna, as. /. LA cloak for wet or cold weather. 2. A military
cloak.
ilacernatoe, a, urn. adj. Wearing a lacerna.
lacero, as. >-. a. 1. To tear, to lacerate, to mangle. 2. (Metaph.) To
attack, to revile, to rail at. 3. To tear to pieces (as care does), u
ravage (as an enemy), to squander, to waste.
l&certa, se./, and lacertua, L m. A lizard.
lacertosus, a, tun. adj. Muscular, strong, powerfuL
 L A C — L JE T 283
l&certus. i. m. 1. The upper part of the arm, the arm. 2. (Metapb.)
Strength, vigour.
lacesso, is, Ivi, itum. v. a. 1. To provoke, to attack, to assail. 2. To
excite. 3. To call forth, to invite (a reply, etc.) : manibusque lacessunt
pectora plansa cavis, they excite them by patting their breasta with their
hollow hands, Virg. ; quicunquc lacessi t Carpathium pelagus carina,
whoever troubles (i. e. navigates) the Carpathian sea in a ship, Hor.; arma
sequi ferrumque lacessere, to take to arms and to draw the sword [or to
provoke war), Virg.
L&chesis, is./ [Aa7x<W] The name of one of the Fates.
lacinia, ae./ A lappet or flap of a garment : illud alteram genus ofatinent,
atque id ipsum lacinia, that other kind they get hold of only by the lappet,
i. e. they do not get a firm hold of it, Cic.
Lico, onis. m.; / LacSnil, Idis. A Lacedaemonian. Laconic us, a, urn.
adj. Lacedemonian.
lacryma, 89; and dim. lacrymfila, 86./ [Sajrpu.] A tear.
lacrymabilis, e. Calculated to excite tears, to be wept for, lamentable, sad.
lacrymabundus, a, um. adj. Weeping, bursting into tears.
iacrymo, as. r. n. and a. 1. (v. a.) To weep, to shed tears. 2. (r. a. more
rare) To weep for, to lament : lacrymatas cortice myrrhas, myrrh dropping
or distilling from the bark like tears, Ov.
lacrymosus, a, um. adj. 1. Full of tears, weeping: lacrymosum carmen,
querulous poetry, Ov. 2. Causing tears, lamentable, miserable.
lactens. entis. part. pra. ft. lacteo (scarcely found in any other pari). 1.
Sucking milk, being a suckling, an infant. 2. Full of milk, of sap :
carpere dicuntur lactentia viscera rostris, they are said to attack the sto
machs of infants with their beaks, Ov.
lactesco, is, no perf. or sup. v. n. To turn to milk.
lacteus, a, um. adj. Of milk, milky, full of milk. 2. ? Drinking
milk, sucking. 3. Milkwhite, white: Orbis Lacteus (Cic), or Via Lac-
tea (Ov.), the milky way.
tlactlto. as. r. n. To give milk.
trlactes, ium. pLf. The small guts.
lacto, as. r. n. chiefly in pra. part. To contain milk, to give suck.
"lacto, as. r. a. To coax on, to wheedle, to cajole.
lactuxa, as./ Lettuce.
lacuna, as./ 1. A ditch, a pit, a pool, a pond : salsa; lacunae, the sea,
Lucr. 2. A chasm, a cleft. 3. A gap, a void, a deficiency.
lacunar, aria. n. A panelled ceiling.
lac&HO, as. r. a. To panel, to divide in panels.
lacunosus, a, um. adj. Full of holes, gaps, or cavities.
laeoa, us. m. 1 . A basin, a tank, a vat : oratio quasi de musto ac lacu
fervida, a speech still as it were fermenting from the new wine and the
Tat, i. e. new. 2. A lake. 3. A cistern, a reservoir, a pond.
lido, is, si, sum. v. a. l.t (very rare) To dash (one thing) against
(another) (c. ad and ace.). 2. To hurt, injure, damage. 8. To annoy,
to offend. 4. To vex. 5. To attack (with words), to assail, to
calumniate.
laena, m.f. [gAsum.] A cloak, a mantle.
Laertius, a, um. adj. Of Laertes, the father of Ulysses : Laertia regna,
Ithaca, Virg.; Laertius heros, Ulysses.—Laerti&des, 88. m. The son of
Laertes, Ulysses.
LsestrygSnius, a. um. adj. Of the Lsatrygones, an ancient people of Cam
pania, near Korminj : Lantrygonia Bacchus in amphora, Formian wine, Hor.
laetabllis, e. adj. Causing joy, joyfuL
laetatio, onis./ Rejoicing.
lane, adv. Gladly, joyfully, with gladness, delightedly.
latlfico, as. r. a. 1. To gladden. 2. To fertilise, to render fruitful.
lastificus, a, am. adj. Making glad, gladdening, joyful.
lattitia, as./ 1. Joy, gladness, delight. 2. +Grace, elegance.
284 ,LiET-LAN
lctor, aril, r. dtp. To rejoice, to be glad : illud mihi ketandum video, I see
that is a reasonable cause of joy to me, Cic.
lsetai. a, tun. 1. Glad, rejoicing, joyful, cheerful (usu. c. abL of the
cause). 2. Causing gladness, delightful, fortunate. 3. Fertile, pro
ductive : lcta laborum, rejoicing in her labours, Virg.
lseve. adv. Awkwardly.
laevus, a, tun. adj. 1. Left, on the left side. 2. Awkward, stupid,
foolish. 3. Unfavourable, unlucky. 4. (In augury), Lucky, pro
pitious, fortunate (because, as the Roman augurs looked towards the soots
in taking auspices, the east, the fortunate quarter, was on their left hand):
numina lseva, the propitious deities, Virg. f. as most 1. The left
hand. 2. That which is on the left hand, the left side ; (also in neat, u)
fleximus in lasvum cursus, we bent our course towards the left, Or.
laganum, i «. A cake of flour and oil.
lagina, sj. / A flask, a flagon.
Lageos, L /. A kind of Greek vine.
lagois. Idia. /. A grouse.
Laiadea, sb. /. The son of Laius king of Thebes (i. e. (Edipus).
^lallo. as. r. a. To sing (as a nurse to a child) : lallare recusal, you refiue
to listen to the nurse's song (i. e. to be sung to sleep), Pers.
lama, as. f. A bog, a slough.
lambo. is. bi. i'. ci. 1. To lick. 2. To wash (as a river washes a place
by which it flows), to encircle.
laments, orum. pi. a. Lamentation, wailing, weeping.
lamentabllis, e. Lamentable, melancholy, doleful.
lamentatio, onia. f. Lamentation, mourning, wailing.
lamentor, aril. v. dtp. To lament, moum, bewail, weep over, bemoan.
lamia, 89. /. A witch (said to drink children's blood).
lamina (§sync. lamna), tt. f. A plate or layer of metal (sometimes of
wood or marble): argute lamina seme, the thin blade of the creaking saw,
Virg.; levis argenti lamina, a light piece of silver money. Or.; lamina
fulva dapes admoto dente nitebant, the meat shone as yellow gold tie
moment his teeth touched it, Ov.; inimice lamna?, foe to riches, Hor.
lampas, adis. / [Ac/nrds.] 1. A torch, a flambeau, a lamp. 2. Any
body giving light, a ray, a beam : Phaebete lsmpadia instar, like the sua,
Virg.; nona reddebant lampade vitam, on the ninth day they died. Leer.
Una, sa. / 1. Wool 2. Working in wool, the work of the loom.
3. Anything like wool : tenuia lanae vellera, light fleecy clouds, Virg.;
rixatur de liana saepe caprina, he often quarrels about a goat's wool (i. e.
about trifles, or things which have no existence), Hor.
Jlanatus, a, tun. adj. Woolly ; (/ as subst.) a sheep.
lancea, ee.f. A light spear, a lance.
lanclno, as. v. a. I. To squander, to waste. 2. JTo tear to pieces.
lanens, a, tun. adj. 1. Woollen, made of wool. 2. Soft as wool.
langnefacio, Is, feci, factum, r. a. To make languid, to cool.
langueo, es ; and languesco, is, gui, no sup. r. a. 1. To be languiJ,
spiritless; to be fatigued, weary, faint. 2. To be heavy, dull, inscti<e,
listless, to relax. 3. To te ill. Nee Lsstrvgonia . . . Bacchus in am
phora languescit mihi, nor does wine in a Formian cask (i. e. Fonaisa
wine), become mellow for me, Hor. ; luna claro repente coelo visa laagws-
cere, the moon was suddenly seen to grow dim in a bright sky, Tac
languide. adv. Faintly, languidly.
languldof, a, nm ; and dim. languid iilus. adj. 1. Languid, faint, doIL
sluggish, indifferent. 2. Inactive, listless, indolent. 3. Weary.
4. Gentle (of wind, etc.). 5. Jill.
languor, oris. m. 1. Languor, faintness, feebleness, sluggishness. 1
Indisposition, weakness arising from illness : languor aquosus, dropsy, Hoc
3. Listlessness, inactivity, laziness.
laniatoi, ua. m. A tearing, mangling, lacerating.
lanlcittffl, i. n. Wool.
 LAN—LAR 285
ianiraa, x.f. A butcher's shop.
lanificus, a, am. adj. Working in woo), spinning.
laniger, era, erum. adj. Bearing wool, fleecy; (§m. as subs!.) a ram, a
lamb, etc.
ianio, as, r. a. To tear, to mangle, to lacerate.
laniita, a>. m. 1. A master of gladiators, a fencing-master. 2. A gla
diator, a ruffian. 3. A ringleader, a chief agitator.
tlinina, i. m. 1. A butcher. 2. An executioner.
lanugo, Inis./ Down (of plants, of a youthful beard, etc).
lux, cie.f. 1. A plate, a dish. 2. The scale of a balance.
Laomedontenj, a, tun; and LaSmedontios, a, am. adj. Of Laomedon, an
ancient king of Troy.
lapatkus, i m., or lapathum, i. n. Sorrel.
laplcldlna, &.)'. A stonequarry.
t*lapldariua, a, um. adj. Of stones.
lapidatio, onis. f. A throwing of stones.
lapidator, oris. m. A thrower of stones.
tlapldesco, is, no perf. c. n. To turn to stone, to become petrified.
lapldeus, a, am. adj. Of stone, consisting of stone, fhard as stone.
llpido, as. c.o. 1. JTo pelt with stones. 2. (As v. impers.) lapidat,
it rains stones: (also in pass.) quod de ccelo lapidatum esset, because a
shower of stones had fallen from heaven, Liv.
lapidosus, a, am. adj. 1. Stony, full of stones. 2. §Hard : lapidosa
chiragra, gout which makes the joints hard and stiff, Pen.
lapillus, i. m. 1. A little stone, a pebble. 2. A precious stone, a
jewel.
lapis, Idis. m. 1. A stone of any kind or used for any purpose, as a mite-
stone, a boundary stone, a precious stone, etc. : Parius lapis, Parian marble,
Virg.; Jovera lapidem jurare, to swear by Jupiter, holding a stone in one's
hand (praying that, if perjured, Jupiter may dash down the swearer, as
he dashes down the stone), Cic. ; ultimus lapis, a tombstone, Prop. ; lapis
albus, a table or sideboard of white marble, II or.; prater duos de lapide
emptos tribunos plebis, besides two tribunes of the people whom he
bought as his slaves (metaph., because at sales of slaves the auctioneer
stood on a marble platform), Cic
Lapithse, arum. pi. m. A Thessalian tribe who fought with the centaurs at
the wedding of Pirithous their king. Lapithseus, and Lapltheius, a,
um. adj. Of the Lapithre.
lappa, se.f. A burr.
lapsio, onis./ A falling, a tendency to fall.
lapso, as. v. n. To slip, to stumble, to fall.
lapsus, a, am. part, from labor, q. v. ; §as adj. Fallen, ruined.
lapsus, us. m. 1. A gliding, a gentle motion (as of a river, etc.). 2.
A falling, a fall. 3. A fault, an error : volucrum lapsus, the gliding of
birds through the air, Cic
laquear, and §-are, -aris. n. A panelled ceiling, a ceiling.
Iaqueatus, a, tun. adj. Adorned with panelled ceilings.
laqueus, i. wi. 1 . A noose, a halter. 2. A snare, a trap, a toil : laquei
Stoicorum, the logical subtleties of the Stoics, Cic.
Lai, Laris. m. 1. (Usu. in pi. in this sense) The household Gods, the
tutelar deities of a house. 2. The hearth or home of any one (§used
even of the nest of a bird, etc.).
lardnm.—See laridom.
Larentalia, nm. n. pi. The festival on Dec. 23rd in honour of Larentia,
the wife of Faustulus and nurse of Romulus and Remus.
Urge. adv. Abundantly, liberally, extensively.
S+largTfluus, a, am. adj. Flowing copiously, copious.
tlargiloquns, a, am. adj. Talkative.
lirgior, iris. v. dep. 1. To give liberally, to give, to bestow, to grunt.
2. To distribute largesses, bribes : id largiamur inertia; nostra:, let us make
286 LAE-LAT
our indolence a present of that, Cic; reipubliess injnria* ne largiretur,
(urging) that he ought not to forgive injuries done to the republic, Tac)
largi tas, atis./ Liberality, liberal giving.
larglter. adv. A rare form of large : reperit . . . apnd finitimaa civitates lar-
giter posse, he finds . . . that he has great influence among the neighbouring
states, Cic.
largi tio, onis. / 1. A giving freely, giving, bestowing. 2. Giving as
a bribe, bribery, corruption.
largi tor, oris. m. 1. A giver, a bestower. 2. A briber.
largos, a, am. adj. 1. Abundant, plentiful. 2. Giving largely, libs-
rally; bountiful, profuse.
larldom, sync lardum, i n. The fat of bacon, bacon, lard.
Larissaeus, a, am. adj. Of Larissa (a town in Thessaly), Thessalian.
Latins, i. m. The Lago di Como.
larva, 89./. 1. A ghost, a hobgoblin. 2. A mask.
tlarv&tus, a, am. adj. Bewitched.
lasanum, in. A cooking utensil, a saucepan.
lascivia, m.f. 1. Wantonness, i. e. playfulness, frolicsomeness. 2.
Wantonness, i. e. lascivionsness, licentiousness, lewdness.
lascivio, is. v. «• To be wanton, playful, to frisk about.
lasclvus, a, tun. adj. 1. Wanton, playful, frolicsome, frisking. 2. Lasci
vious, licentious, lewd : lascivis hederis ambitiosior, clinging closer than the
ivy which climbs where it will round the trees, Hor.
lassitudo, inis./. Weariness, lassitude.
lasso, as. r. a. To tire, to weary, to fatigue.
lassos, a, am. adj. Tired, fatigued, weary, exhausted (lit. and metaph.).
late. adv. 1. Widely, broadly, extensively. 2. With a wider operation.
3. §Lavishly, Hor., Sat.
latebra, ae. /. (most usu. in pi). A place to lie hid in, a hiding place, a
lurking place, a retreat, any hidden or secret place, or recess : latebra
annua1 pectus mucrone recludit, he lays open his breast, the seat of life,
with the sword, Virg. : (he begs them) teli latebram rescindant penitus, t*
cut down to the bottom of the wound where the javelin-head was still
hidden, Virg. 2. Concealment, subterfuge, excuse.
latebrosus, a, am. adj. Full of lurking-places, of secret retreats or recesses,
retired, secret : latebroso in pumice, in pumice stone, full of holes, Virg.
latens, entis. part. h. lateo. ; also as adj. Hidden, secret, concealed.
latenter. adv. Secretly, privately.
l&teo, es, ni, no sup. v. n. 1. To lurk, to lie hid, to keep out of sight.
2. To lie beneath, so as to be protected by, to be sheltered by. 3. {To
avoid notice, to live a retired life. 4. § (As v. a. c ace.) To escape the
notice of.
liter, eris. m., dim. l&tercolos, i. m. A brick, a tile.
t Slateramen, Inis. n. What is made of brick : lateramina vasis, an earthen
ware vessel, Lucr.
latericius, a, am. adj. Made of brick.
laterna, &.f. A lantern, a lamp.
laternarins, i. m. A lantern-bearer, one who holds a candle (as assistant)
to another.
Slatesco, is, no peri. v. n. To lie hid.
Slatex, Icis. m. Any liquid, water (of a river, fountain, sea, etc.) : Palhulii
latices, oil (from the olive sacred to Minerva), Ov. ; in mensam laticma
libavit honorem, she dropped on the table a libation of wine.
Latiar, is. «. The festiral of Jupiter Latiaris.
l&tibolum, i. n. A hiding-place, a lurking-hole, a hole, a den (of a beast).
Jlaticlavius, i. m. One entitled to wear the broad stripe on the toga (v.
clavus), a senator, a patrician.
Latlnltas, atis./. Latinity, pure Latin style.
Liitine. ode. In Latin (csp. in correct or elegant Latin) : qui plane et Latins
 LAT-LAU 287
loquuntur, they who speak plain Latin (as we say, " plain English "),
Cic
Latinos, and §L&tias, a, am, and Latiaris and gLatialis. e. adj. Of
Latium, the district of Italy in which Rome was built. Latini (i». pi.
as twtmt.). Latins, those who possessed the jus Latii, or Latin rights of
citizenship. LatinaB (f.pl.ss most.). The Latin holidays.
latio, onis./. A bringing: snffragii latio, the giving of a vote, the right of
Toting, Liv. ; legum latio, the passing of laws, Cic.
litlto, as. v. n. To lie hid, to be secret
latitude}, Inii./ 1. Breadth, width. 2. Extent, size: verborum lati-
tado, a broad pronunciation, Cic.
LatmiuB, a, urn, adj. Of Latmos, a mountain in Caria where the moon
visited the sleeping Endymion.
Latonlgena, 83. m./. Child of Latona (Apollo, or Diana).
Latois, Idis./ Daughter of Latona, i. e. Diana; (as adj.) sacred to Latona.
Latoius, Latonius, and Latous, a, urn. Of Latona, sacred to Latona,
bom of Latona; (»i. as tuiet.) Apollo.
lator, oris. w. A proposer or carrier of a law; usu. (but not always) c. gen.
(legie, etc.).
litrator, oris. m. A barker, a dog.
latratus, us. m. Barking, a bark,
tjlatrina, se.f. A privy,
latro, aa. «. r. and «. 1. (v. n.) To bark, (metaph.) to bawl, to bluster.
2. (v. a.) To bark at, (metaph.) to revile (c. act).
latro. onis. m. 1. t(llare) A mercenary soldier, a hiieling. 2. A thief,
a robber, a highwayman. 3. §A chessman,
latrocinium, i. n. 1. +(Rare) Military service for pay. 2. Robbery,
piracy. 3. A band of pirates, or robbers. 4. §The game of chess,
or draughts,
litroclnor, aria. «. dap. 1. t(Rare) To perform military service for pay.
2. To be a highwayman, a robber, to rob.
latrunculus, i. in. A robber, a highwayman, a pirate.
Utoa, a, tun. adj. 1. Broad, wide, extensive. 2. (Of style, etc) Dif
fuse, copious: latiores fieri videmur, we seem to have grown bigger, Cic;
latoa ut in Circo spatiere, that you may walk with a flowing robe in the
Circus.
latus, a, tun. parr. fr. fero, q. v.
litus, irU. n. 1. A side of anything : lateris or laterum dolor, pleurisy, Cic,
Hor.; bonis lateribus, with good lungs, i. e. with a powerful, or loud voice,
Cic; artifices lateris, posture masters, Ov.; ab latere tyranni, the intimate
associates of the tyrant, Liv. ; ntne tegam spurco Damee latus, shall I give
the wall to (lit. walk outside of, so as to cover the side of ) that wretch
Dama ? Hor. 2. §The whole body, the body. 8. The flank (of an
army).
Slatosculnm, i. n. (dim. of prec) A side,
landabllis, e. Praiseworthy, good, excellent,
laudabiliter. adv. In a praiseworthy or excellent manner,
landatio, 3nU. / A praising, praise, panegyric, eulogy, (sometimes esp. a
funeral laudatory oration).
laudator, 5ri». m. A praiser, a panegyrist (sometimes esp. a deliverer of
a funeral panegyrical oration.)
lauditrix, loil./. One who praises, a praiser.
landatns, a, um.parf. fr. seq.; used also as adj. c. compar., etc. Praised,
praiseworthy, excellent,
laudo. as. c. u. I . To praise, to commend (sometimes esp. in a funeral
oration). 2. To quote, to cite,
laurea, as./. 1. A laurel or bay tree. 2. A crown of laurel or bay.
Lasreatus. a, ""» adj. Crowned with laurel or bay : laureates litters, lau
reate tabella:, despatches announcing a victory (and as such bound up
with a laurel or bay), Liv.
238 LAU—LE G
laureola, ». / 1. A laurel crown. 2. A triumph: laureo'am in
mustaceo quierere, to seek for fame in trifles (lit. in a wedding cake), Cic.
laureus, a, tun. adj. 1 . Of the laurel or bay tree. 3. Of the leaves of
the laurel or the bay.
«H lauricomus, a, um. adj. With his hair crowned with laurel or bay.
flauriger, era, erum. adj. Crowned with laurel or bay.
laurus, i and us./. 1. The laurel or the bay tree. 2. A crown of
laurel.
laus, din./ 1. Praise, commendation, 2. Fame, renown.
lau te. ado. 1 . Luxuriously, sumptuously. 2. Neatly, admirably.
lautia, Oram. pi. n. The entertainment provided at the public expense for
foreign ambassadors.
lautltia, as./ Luxuriousness of living, sumptuousness, splendour.
lautumse, arum. pi. f. [Aaai t4uvu.] 1. A atone quarry, 2. A
prison.
lautus, a. um. One form otpari. fr. lavo. q. v., used only as adj., c. eompsr.
etc 1. Luxurious, dainty, fine. 2. Noble, of high rank. 1
Honourable, splendid.
lavatio. onis. / !. A washing, a bathing. 2. A bath, whatever is
required for bathing.
Laverna, te. / The Goddess of thieves.
Lavinia, 89./ The daughter of Latin us; and wife of .Eneas.
lavo, as, lavavi and lavi. lavatum and lotum, §infin. also lavere. 1. To
wash, to bathe. 2. §To wash away. 3. (pass, as dtp.) To bathe
oneself, i. e. to bathe.
laxamentum, in. A relaxation, mitigation, alleviation.
laxe. adv. Laxly, unrestrictedly, freely : si laxius volent proferre diem, if
they wish to put it off to a more distant day, Cic
laxltas, atis. /. Spaciousness, extent, roominess.
laxo, as. co. 1. To extend, to make spacious, large, roomy. 2. To un
loose, to open, to undo. 3. To relax, to slacken. 4. To relieve, to
lighten (a mind of care, etc.), to release, to free: annona laxaverat, the
price of com had fallen, Liv. ; laxantnr corpora rugis, bodies become
wrinkled, Ov.
laxus, a, um. adj. 1. Wide, extensive, loose, hanging loose, relaxed (of s
robe, reins, etc.). 2. Lax : cum pace laxior annona rediit, with the re
turn of peace a lower price of com returned, Liv.; in quo negligent*
laxior locus esset, in which there might be more room for carelessness, Liv.:
laxum caput hesternum, a head all abroad from yesterday's drinking, Pets. ;
diem statuo satis loxam, I am fixing a sufficiently easy (i. e. distant) ds.v,
Cic
§lea and lesBna, »./. A lioness,
glebes, etis. m. [A«73n?]. A caldron, a kettle.
lectica, 86; dim. lecticula, Be./ A litter, a sedan chair.
lecticarius, i. m. A litter-bearer, a chairman.
lectio, onis./ 1. A picking out, a selection. 2. A reading (esp. >
reading over, or calling over the names in a list): lectio senatus, a choosing
of the senate by calling over the names, Liv.
lectistcrnium, i. n. A sacrificial celebration in which the images of the
Gods lying on pillows were placed in the streets and food of all kinds
set before them.
lectito, as. v. a. To read over and over again, to read often.
lectiuncula, SB. /, dim. of lectio. A reading.
lector, oris. in. A reader.
lectus, i, and dim. leotulus, i. m. A bed (to sleep on), a couch (to recto
on, esp. at meals) : adversns lectus, the marriage bed (because it was set
opposite to the door), Prop.
lectus, a, um. port, from lego, q. v. j also as adj., c compar., etc. Picked,
select, excellent,
legatio, onis. / 1 . The office, or commission, or despatching of an an
 LE6-LEN 289
bassador, an embassy : legationem renunciare, to give an account of bis
conduct as ambassador, Cic. ; legatio libera, a sort ot honorary commission,
enabling tbe bolder to visit provinces in the character of an ambassador,
returning to Rome, and again quitting it without resigning his office, Cic;
legatio votiva, a commission as an ambassador procured under pretext of
paying a tow in the provinces, Cic 2. The whole suite of the am
bassador, or body of persons joined with him in his commission. 3.
The office of legatus or lieutenant
legatum, i. n. A legacy, a bequest.
legatus, i. m. 1. An ambassador. 2. A lieutenant, a subordinate
commander. 3. Z A governor of a province, a legate.
slegifer, 8ra, ernm. adj. Giving laws.
legio, 5nis. /., dim. lggiuncola, as (rare). A legion (for ita composition
and varying numbers see Smith's Diet. Ant.).
legionarius, a, urn. adj. Belonging to a legion.
legis- and legnm-lator, oris. in. A legislator, a maker of laws.
legitime, adv. Legitimately, according to law, properly.
legitimus, a, urn. adj. Legitimate, lawful, legal, according to law, proper,
correct, according to rule.
lego, as. a. a. 1. To send as an ambassador or deputy (c. ad and ace. of
persons to whom, or in and ace of the country). 2. To appoint as a
lieutenant (c dat. of the superior officer). 3. +To commit, to entrust.
4. To appoint as a legacy, to bequeath.
ligo, is, legi, lactam, v. a. [\*y».] 1. To gather, to pick. 2. To
gather together, to wind up (thread in spinning, sails by furling, etc).
3. To pick out, to select, to choose, to elect, 4. To read, to peruse, to
read aloud, to recite (from a written paper), to call over (the senate, etc)
from a roll : censores senatum legerunt, the censors selected the senate (by
reading over their names), Liv. 5. §To survey. 6'. §To go or pass
through, by, or along: pars cetera pontum pone legit, their remaining parts
cut through the sea behind them, Virg.; pressoque legit vestigia gresao,
and he follows her steps with rapid, foot, Ov. ; yEneas tortos legit obvius
orbes, vEneas seeking to meet him presses on in a winding path, Virg. ;
decern navibus oram Italia; legens, coasting along the shore of Italy with
ten ships, Liv.; Quam qui nocturnus divum sacra legerit, than one who has
committed sacrilege (has selected the sacred vessels of the Gods so as to
steal them) by night, Hor.
legfileius, i. m. A pettifogger.
legumen, Inis. n. 1. Leguminous plants. 2. §A bean.
lemons, i. m. [\4/iSoi.] A pinnace, a small boat.
tkmma, atis. *. [Xiyijua.] A subject, a theme.
4LemnIcila, se. m. The inhabitant of Lemnos, i. e. Vulcan.
lemniscatus. a, am. adj. Adorned with lemnisci, v. seq. : lemniscata palma,
a victory to be proud of (ironically), Cic.
lemniscus, a. m. A ribbon hanging down from a victor's crown (a crown so
adorned was the highest reward of a conquest).
Lemmas, a, am. adj.;/. alsoLemnias, ados. 1. Of Lemnos (an island in
the Mgenn Sea, the abode of Vulcan) : Lemnius pater, and Lemnius (as
nA$L), Vulcan, Virg., Ov.; Lemnium furtum, the theft of Prometheus, who
stole fire from Vulcan at Lemnos, Cic ; Lemma turba, the band of women at
Lemnos, who all murdered their husbands in one night, Ov.
lemurea, am. pi. m. Shades or ghosts of the dead, spectres.
lena, ae. f. 1. A procuress. 2. One who entices, allures.
Leuaras, a, id. adj. [\i)r6s.] Of Bacchus, (as subst.) Bacchus.
lens and lenlter. adv. 1. Softly, gently. 2. Gently. 3. Indo
lently.
slenlmen, Inis. n., and Jlenimentum, i. r. Relief, solace, alleviation.
lenio, is, Ivi. ltnm. v. a. To soften, to soothe, to mollify, to alleviate, to
relieve, to heal • lenite clamorem, moderate your noise, Hor.
Unit, e. adj. Gentle, mild, soft, quiet, moderate.
B
290 IEN-LEU
lenltas, atis./, and (rare) lenitudo. Ms./ Gentleness, mildness, lenity.
leno, onis. m. 1. A pimp. 2. A go between, an agent.
lenocinium, i. ». 1. The business of a pimp, pandering. 2. Allure-
ment, enticement. 3. Refined or excessive ornament.
lenoclnor, aria. r. dap. To pander to, to natter, to humour, to be subser
vient to.
lens, lentil. / The lentil.
lente. adv. 1. Slowly. 2. Deliberately, calmly, quietly, moderately:
lente desine, leave off by alow degrees, Ov. ; si tu ipse id lente terra videare,
if you yourself seem to be indifferent about it, Cic
glentesco, is, no perf. v. n. 1. To be pliant, flexible. 2. To be sticky.
3. To relax, become weaker.
^lentigo, inis./. A freckle.
jlentiscifer. era, erum. tuij. Producing mastich trees.
lentiscns, i.f. The mastich tree.
lentltudo, inis./: Slowness, inactivity, apathy, dullness.
§lento, as. v. a. To bend, to ply (an oar, etc.).
Jlentor, oris, in., and lentltia, SB./ Pliancy, flexibility, adhesiveness.
lentus. a, urn; also (rare) dim. lent&lus, a. am. 1. Pliant, flexible.
2. §Sticky, clinging closely. 3. Slow, sluggish, lazy: ponders leoia,
weights only to be moved slowly, i. e. heavy, Prop. 4. Lasting loot,
lasting: at tu lentus abes, but you are absent a long time (or alow to re
turn), Ov. 5. Remiss, backward. 6. Slow-tempered, easy, indiffer
ent, phlegmatic, insensible : tu Tityre lentus in umbra, you Tityrut at
your ease in the shade, Virg.
lenonculos, i. m. 1. (1 dim. fr. Ieno) A pimp. 2. (fr. Ierabos) A
boat, a pinnace.
leo, ouis. A [AtttT. J 1. A lion. 2. The constellation Leo.
Jleonlnus, a, am. adj. Of a lion.
lepide. adv. 1. Pleasantly. 2. Wittily, elegantly.
lepidus, a, am. adj. 1. Pleasant, agreeable. 2. Effeminate.
Witty, facetious, humorous.
lepor, and lepos, oris. m. 1. Politeness, agreeable manners, 2. At
tractiveness, charm. 3. Wit, pleasantry, humour.
lepos, oris. m. 1 . A hare. 2. The constellation Lepus.
lepuscalnj, i. »>. A leveret
Lemmas, a, urn. adj. 1. Of Lerna, where Hercules killed the hydra.
2. Of the Lernamn hydra.
Lesbiacus, a, am, and Lesbios, a, tun, §Lesb6us, a, tun.; / also Lesbit,
Idis, and Lesbias, adis. adj. 1. Lesbian, of Lesbos (an island in tie
JEge&n Sea, the birth-place of the lyric poets Sappho and Alcaus, vfi
Arion): Lesbius avis, Alcseus, Hor.; Lesbia rates, Sappho, Ov.; L»l»un
aervate pedem, preserve the lyric measure (of Sapphics or Alcaics), Her-;
Lesbis, and LeBbias (as subst.\ a Lesbian woman.
lessus, i. m. A funeral wailing.
letalis, e. Deadly, fatal, mortal (of a wound, etc.).
lethargicus, i m. One afflicted with lethargy.
lethargus, i. m. Lethargy, drowsiness.
Letiasus, a, am. adj. [At}0tj.] 1. Of Lethe, a river in HelL which eased
forgetfulness. 2. Of Hell. 3. Producing forgetfulness.
§letifer, ira, erum. adj. Bringing death, death-dealing, deadly, final:
letifer ille locus, that spot where a wound is mortal, Ov.
§leto, as. v. a. To kill.
letum, i. n. 1. Death. 2. §Destniction (of inanimate things).
Leucadius, a, am. adj. Of Leucadia, an island in the Ionian Sea, ao»
called Santa Maura, where Apollo had a temple : Leucadius Deus. Apolis,
Ov.; tristia Leucadio sacra peracta modn, a mournful sacrifice perform?)!
after the Leucadian fashion (the Leucadians every year cast a criminal
from a mountain into the sea), Ov.; [from this rock, too, Sappho is a.i
to have thrown herself, in hopes to recover the love of Pinion. J
 LEU — LIB 291
Ienrippia, Hot. / (in p'.). The daughter! of Leucippus, Phoebe and Hi-
laira, carried off by Castor and Pollux.
leucothea, se; or thee, ec The name of Ino after the became a Sea Deity.
Leactricus, a, nm adj. Of Leuctra, a town in Bceotia, where Epaininondai
defeated the Spartans; Cic. calls the fray in which Milo killed Clodius,
Leaetrica pngna, because by it Rome was delivered from the yoke of
Clodius, as Greece was from that of Sparta by Epaminondas's victory.
Hvames, Inis. n., and levamentam, i. «. Relief, alleviation, consolation.
levitio, onis. f. 1. Alleviation, relief. 2. Diminution.
lerlcului, a, nm; and levidensis, e. adj. [Ievis.] Trivial, slight
+Ievlfidus, a, nm. adj. Not trustworthy.
Slevipes, adj., m.f. Lightfooted.
lCTis, e. 1. Light (not heavy), §digestible. 2. Slight, trivial, unim
portant, petty, small, trifling. 3. Light, i. e. active, nimble, moving
quickly: levis horn, quickly passing, or fleeting time, Or.; leves milites,
light-armed soldiers, Liv. 4. Light-minded, fickle, capricious, change
able, not to be relied upon: terra leviores, the lighter soils, Virg.; ut levem
aoditionem habeat pro re comperta, to take a vague report for an ascertained
&ct,Ca*.
Ieris, e. adj. 1. Smooth. 2. §Beardless, not hairy. 3. §Delicate-
Iooking, beautiful. 4. Smooth, flowing (of style): levi cum sanguine
Nisus Labitur infelix, when the luckiest Nisus stumbles in the slippery
Wood, Virg.
lerltat, atis. f, 1. Lightness. 2. Light-mindedness, a trilling dis
position, fickleness, inconstancy. 3. Shallowness, want of solid wisdom
(in an opinion, etc).
lsvitas, atis./. Smoothness.
lertter. adv. 1. Lightly. 2. In a slight degree, a little : ut levisaime
dicam, to say the least, to express myself in the mildest manner, Cic.
levo, as. i . „. 1. To lift up, to raise. 2. §To take up, to take away.
3. To relieve (the sufferer, or the pain), to console, to lighten, to mitigate,
to assuage. 4. To relieve from, to free from (c. abl.). 5. To di
minish, to impair : serpentum colla lcvavit, she relieved the necks of the
serpents (i.e. alighted from the car which rested on, or was drawn by
them), Ov.
levo. as. e. a. To smooth, to make smooth.
+?levor, oris. m. Smoothness.
la, legis./. 1. A law (proposed or enacted). 2. A rule, a regulation.
3. A condition : in mancipii lege, in a contract of sale, Cic; lege, accord
ing to law, legally, Cic; sine lege, without restraint, at random, Ov.
tjlexii, is./ [A<{is.] A word.
Sfibamen, inis. n., and lfbamentnm, i. n. 1. A libation, a drink offering:
nova capies libamina, you shall take the first taste (shall taste what it
hitherto un tasted), Ov.
Hbitio, onis./ A libation.
Hbtlla, sg. / 1 . A small sura, a farthing (lit. the tenth part of a denarius) :
fecit te ex libelia (aubaud. heredem), he made you heir to a tenth part of
his estate, Cic. 2. t§A plumbline, a level,
lfbellns, L m. 1. A little book of any kind, a memorandum book, etc
2. A memorial, a petition. 3. A placard, handbill, playbill, programme.
4. A letter, a note. 5. JAn accusation, a lampoon, a libel. 6. §A
bookseller's shop.
lfbens. entis. adj. Willing, cheerful, glad (esp. of one doing a thing).
Ubenter. adr. 1. Willingly, cheerfully, gladly. 2. Pleasantly.
liber, 8ra, tram. adj. 1. Free, not subject to the power of another.
2. Free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unshackled, unlimited. 3. Be
longing to, becoming to a free man. 4. Free spoken, frank, honest.
5. Free from, exempt from, relieved from (c abl. or c. ab and abl. or §c
gen. ) ; integro animo ac libero, with an unbiassed and impartial mind, Cic. ;
O 2
292 LIB
toga, et vestis libera, the toga virilis. Or. ; campo liberiore natat, [where tie
Tiber] flows through a more open plain, Ov.
Liber, eri in. 1. A name of Bacchus. 2. Wine.
Llberalia, am. pi. ». A feast of Bacchua on 1 7th March, on which day
youths received the toga virilis.
liber, bri. m. 1. The bark of a tree. 2. A book (in every sense of the
Eng. word). 3. A list, a roll, a catalogue. 4. A letter (rare).
Libera, m.f. A name of Proserpine.
liberalis, e. adj. 1. Of, concerning, belonging to, or suited to a freeman:
liberalis causa, a suit at law about a person s freedom, Ter. : liberale am-
jugium, a marriage between free persons, Ter. 2. Gentlemanlike, liberal,
courteous, kind, bountiful. 3. Ample, abundant, respectable (of rank
in life, etc.).
llberall tas. atis. f. 1 . A disposition or conduct befitting a free nun,
gentlemanliness. 2. Generosity, liberality, kindness. 3. JA gift
Hberaliter. adv. In a manner becoming a free man, in a gentlemanlike
manner, courteously, liberally, generously, kindly.
liberatio, onis ./. A freeing, delivering, release, liberation, acquittal.
liberator, oris. m. A liberator, deliverer, one who sets free.
llbfire. adv. I. Freely, unrestrictedly. 2. Frankly, boldly. 3.
§liberally.
llblri, 8rum. pi. m. Children (used even of a single child).
libero, as. v. a. 1. To set free, to release, to deliver, to emancipate (c ah
and abl. or c. all.). 2. (Sometimes esp.) To free from taxes or public
burdens. 3. To acquit : fidcm suam liberat, he performs or diwhino
his promise, Cic. ; quae (promissa) jure proetoris liberantur, which are can
celled by the authority or decision of the praetor, Cic. ; tarda nomina . • •
aestimatio acquis rerum pretiis liberavit, a lair valuation (of the debtor's pro
perty) satisfied the debts which he was slow to discharge, Liv. ; tempi
liberata, temples having the ground cleared about and in front of them, Cic
Hbertas, atis. /. 1. Freedom, liberty. 2. Leave, permission. 3.
freedom of speech, frankness.
Hbertlnus, a, tun. adj. Belonging to the condition of a freedmsn, or
woman.
libertinus, i. m., and/ -Una, m. A freedman, or woman.
libertuB, i. m., and /. -erta, as. A freedman, or woman (with reference t
the master who has emancipated them).
llbet, perf. libuit and libitum est. v. impers. It pleases, it is agreeable:
libitum est mihi plura dicere, I chose to say more, Cic.
Libethrides, um. pi./. The Muses, as Goddesses of Libethra, a fbuntain iz
Macedonia,
JlTbldlnor, aria. v. dtp. To gratify one's lust.
libidinose. adv. Lustfully, wantonly, licentiously.
Hbidinosus, a, um. adj. 1. .Libidinous, licentious, lewd. 2. Ca
pricious.
libido, inis. / 1. Desire, wish, fancy, caprice. 2, Lust, lewdness,
licentiousness.
LIbltlna, m.f. 1. The Goddess of funerals, in whose temple the registr.'
of deaths was kept 2. gDeath. 3. §J A funeral pile.
tlibitnl, a, tun. part. past, from libet ; tupl.a* subst. A wish.
libo, as. v. a. 1. To take a little from, to take a taste of, to taste. '-•
§To touch lightly: oscula libavit natae, he gently kissed his daaghur,
Virg. 3. To pour out as a libation, to offer as a libation. t- T»
cull, to extract : nusquam ante libatis viribus, without giving the enemy s
taste of his power, or without allowing his strength to be diminished a
the least, Liv.
Bora, ee. /. 1. A pound weight. 2. JA pint 8. A balance, s
pair of scales : ad librum fecer.it, he had made [them] of equal dimei-
sions, Cees.
libramen, Inif. n. The place where one holds a javelin to poise it
 LIB—LIL 293
lfbramentnm, i. a. 1. A weight added to anything to balance it cor
rectly. 2. A plane surface,
illbraria, as./". One who weighed out wool to slaves to spin,
nbrarium, i. «., and dim. -riolum, i. n. A bookcase,
librarius, i. m., and dim. -riolus, i. 1. A copyist, an amanuensis. 2.
JA bookseller,
librarins, a, um. adj. Of books or booksellers; scriptor librarius, a copier
of books or manuscripts, Hor.
Clfbrator, oris, m. One who hurls missiles by means of engines,
llbrilia, im. ft. pi. Stones of a pound weight,
libro, as. r. a. To poise, to balance : corpus librabat in herba, he was
stretching his body on the grass, Or.
Ubum. in. A cake (esp. snch as was offered to the Gods).
Iaboraus, a, am. adj. Of the Liburai, an Illyrian tribe, celebrated for their
light galleys. Liburna. se. subst., and *Liburnica. ce. A light galley,
a brigantine; Liburnus, a Liburnian slave, bearing a litter, Juv.
Llbycus, a, tun, more rarely §LIbyg, yoi, §LIbysus, a, um, §LIbystInus,
a, tun;/. §Libystis. Idis. adj. Libyan, African: Libyca fera, a lion, Ov.
llcenter. adv. 1. Freely, unrestrainedly. 2. Licentiously,
licentia, se. /. 1. Leave, license, freedom. 2. Licentious boldness.
3. Licentiousness, dissoluteness.
Liceo, es. v. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To be for sale (c gen. of the price at
which), to be valued at. 2. (+t>. a.) To offer for sale.
llceor, eris, Itni sum. r. dtp. To bid (at a sale) for (sometimes c. abl. of
the price),
lloet, perf. llcuit and llcltnm est. v. impert. It is allowed, permitted, lawful
(often c nom. id, illud, quod, etc.) : si per vos licitum erit, if you will give
me leave, Cic
fleet, as conj. Although, even if, notwithstanding.
*lichen, enis. m. [Xttxhv.] Ringworm,
licitatio, onis./ A bidding (at a sale),
tllcltor, aria. r. dtp. To bid (at a sale).
Ildtna, a, um. pass. part, from licet. Permitted, lawful.
Eeinm. i. il A thread.
iictor. oris. m. An officer attending, in different numbers, on the Roman
magistrates (esp. on the consuls).
Mgamen. inis. *., and Hgamentum. i n. A band, a bandage,
llgnarius. a, tun. adj. Of wood, of timber : inter lignarios, in the street
where the carpenters lived, or in the timber market, Liv.
lignatio, onis. f. A cutting down of trees, a procuring of timber,
lignator, oris. m. One sent out to cut down trees, to get wood,
ligneus, a, um ; and dim. ligneolus. a, um. adj. 1. Made of wood,
wooden. 2. Dry as wood, hard as wood,
lignor. axis. r. dep. To procure wood,
lignum, i. ■. 1. Wood (esp. firewood ; in pi.) logs of wood. 2. JA
tablet made of wood : in sylvam non ligna feras insanius, you would not be
more crazy if you carried logs into a wood (as we say, " coals to New
castle"), Hor.
ligo. as. r. a. To bind, to tie, to bind tip, to fasten together, to unite.
Ugo. onis. in. A spade, a mattock, a hoe.
tusjUa, se. f. A shoestring, a shoe-tie.
Ligur, and us, ilia. m. / A L gurian, an inhabitant of the Genoese
district.
Liguatinus, a, um; and JLlgusticus, a. am. adj. Ligurian.
lignrrio, Is, Ivi. v. a. I. To lick, to lick up. 2. To hunger for, long for.
3. ( As r. a.) To be dainty.
ligurritio, onis. / Daintiness, epicurism,
lignstram, i. a. Privet,
lilinm. i. v. 1. A lily. 2. A defence, consisting of rows of pita filled
with short stakes,
u 3
294 LIM—LIP
lima, S3. /. A file : ultima lima, the last touch of the file, the last potist,
Ov.
Umate. adv. In a polished manner, elegantly.
limatulus, a, urn. adj. Polished, rather refined.
limatus, a, am. part. pats, of limo ; used as adj., c. compar, etc Polished,
refined.
tjlimax, acis./. A snail.
limbos, i. in. A border, a fringe.
limen, Inii. n. 1. A threshold. 2. A doorway, a door: contineri
limine, to be kept within doors, Lir. 3. §The starting-post (on a rice-
course).
limes, Itis. m. 1. A boundary, a limit, a boundary line or wall. 3. A
path, a way, a road. 3. A track left by anything which has passed:
idem limes agendus erit, you will have to go the same way (i. e. to use the
same means), Or. ; judiciumque brevi limite falle tuum, and mislead your
own judgment by a slight distinction, Ov.
limo, as. v. a. 1 . To file. '2. To polish, give the last polish to. 3.
To file off from, to cut away from (c de and abl.), to diminish : quoniam h
ipse consulto ad minutarum genera causarum limaverit, since he deliberately
condescended to prepare himself for trifling kinds of actions, Cic ; cum
Veritas ipsa limatur, when truth itself is sought for (by filing away »~hat
surrounds it), Cic
+limo, as. v. a. To bespatter with mud.
limosus, a, um. adj. Muddy, miry, slimy.
limpldus, a. um. adj. Limpid, clear.
limns, a, um ; and dim. fllmulns, a, um. adj. Askance, sidelong (of eyes
looks, etc.).
limns, i. m. Mud, slime, mire.
ijlimas, in, A priest's girdle or apron trimmed with purple.
linea, se.y". 1. A linen thread, a string, a line (used for any purpose): ad
lineam, and recta linea, straight, directly, perpendicularly, etc, Cic 5.
A line, a threadlike stroke. 3. A rope barrier, a barrier. 4. A bound,
a limit : extrema linea amare, to love at a distance, Ter.
Uneamentum, La 1. A line, a stroke (drawn with a pen, etc). '-'
A drawing. 3. A lineament, a feature.
linens, a, um. adj. Made of flax or linen ; flaxen, linen.
lingo, is, nxi. nctum. r. a. To lick, to lick up.
lingua, a? ; dim. lingiila, ss./ 1. A tongue. 2. Speech. 3. Lan
guage (used also of the sounds made by animals). 4. A tongue of laud,
a promontory.
flingulaca, 33./. A chatterbox.
glinlger, era, erum. adj. Clothed in linen.
lino, is, levi, litum. 1. To besmear, to anoint 2. To rnb out, to
efface. 3. To defile, to dirt. 4. To cover : quod ego ipse levi, [wine]
which I myself have sealed up, Hor.
linquo, is, liqui. v. a. To leave, to quit, to forsake, to desert
linteatus, a, um. Covered with, or clothed in linen (a name given to a
legion of the Samnites, from a canvass tent).
linter, tris. m. 1. A boat, a skiff, a bark. 2. A vat for wine.
linteum, i. n. 1. A linen cloth. 2. Linen. 3. §A sail.
linteus, a, um. adj. Made of linen, linen : Iintei libri, chronicles written on
linen.
Hntriculus, in. A little boat, a skiff.
linuin, i. n. 1. Flax. 2. A thread. 3. A string, a line, a rope,
etc 4. Linen, a linen cloth, garment, etc 5. A fishing or hunting
net (usu. in pi.).
Linus, L m. Son of Apollo and Terpsichore, tutor of Orpheus.
Liparseus, a, um, and Liparensis, e. adj. Of Lipare, an island sacred to
Vulcan.
lippio, Is. e. n. To have bad eyes.
 LIP—LI T 295
lippltido, Inil. f. Soreness or weakness of the eyes,
lippos, a, run. adj. 1. With sore or weak eyes. 2. Purblind,
llqnifacio, is. feci, factum, v. a. 1. To make liquid, to liquefy, to dis
solve, to melt. 2. To weaken, to enervate.
liqueo. es, licni, no sup. r. n. 1. To be liquid. 2. To be clear,
evident. 3. (3rd sing, as impert.) It is clear. (Liquet, and Non liquet,
were a judicial formula of pronouncing sentence : cum causam non audisset
dixit sibi liquere, he pronounced an opinion though he had not heard the
cause, Cic. ; non liquere dixerunt, they pronounced a sentence of " not
proven," Cic)
Hsiieseo, is, no pert v. n. 1. To become liquid, to melt. 2. To
become soft, effeminate. 3. To waste away.
liqaldo. adv. Clearly, evidently, plainly, to a certainty,
llquidus, a, tun ; a'lso +li. adj. 1. Liquid, fluid. 2. Clear, trans-
parent. 3. §Clear, calm, serene. 4. Pure, unalloyed. 5. Flowing
(of style, etc.). («. assnosf.) A liquid, liquor : liquidum iter, a voyage across
the sea, Prop. ; a quiet path through the sky, Virg. : liquida moles, the
set, Lucr.; liquids sorores, the water-nymphs, Ov. ; liquids voces, clear,
•krill voices, Virg.
■liqoo, as. i-. a. 1. To dissolve, to melt. 2. To clarify, to filter.
liquor, iris, no perf. t>. dtp. fTo melt, to be dissolved, to be liquid, to
flow, to drip.
liquor, oris, m. 1. Any sort of liquor, water, wine, milk, etc. 2. The
being liquid.
llris, is. ra. The river Garigliano, which separates Latium from Campania.
lis. litis. f. 1. A strife, dispute, quarrel. 2. A lawsuit, an action,
the subject of an action, the matter in dispute : lites severe sestimatse, the
damages were assessed at a high rate, Cic ; litem quod lite resolvit, which
terminates one dispute by another, i. e. explains one doubt by another,
Hor.
initio, onis. /. A favourable or successful sacrifice.
litera, sa ; dim. literals, ee. f. 1. A letter (of the alphabet): litera salu-
laris, the letter A, the initial of absolvo, I acquit ; litera tristis, C, the
initial of condemno, I condemn, Cic.— [In all the following senses it is
u»u., except in poets, in pi.] 2. A letter (epistle) ; in pi. in this sense.
3. Any writing, any written document, accounts: praetoris liters, the
praetor's edict, Cic 4. Literature (sometimes esp. historical literature).
5. Learning, scholarship, a good education : nescire litems, to be unedu
cated, Cic; similitudo tute literae, a resemblance to your handwriting, Cic;
homo triani literarum, i. e. fur, a thief, Plaut. ; literam ex se longam facere,
to make a long line of oneself, i. e. to hang oneself, Plaut.
;iiterariu3, a, urn. adj. Of, or relating to reading and writing : literarius
ludui, an elementary or grammar school. Tac
iterator, oris. m. A literary man, a critic.
literate, adv. 1. Literally. 2. Learnedly, scientifically. 3. With
plain letters, i. e. in a legible hand.
literature, se. f. A writing formed of letters. 2. *The science of lan
guage, of grammar. 3. Learning, erudition, scholarship : literature Qraeca,
the Greek alphabet, Tac
literetus, a, urn. adj. 1. + Marked with letters, branded. 2. Edu
cated, well educated, learned : otiuni literatum, literary leisure, Cic.
litigator, oris. m. A litigant, a party to a lawsuit.
.itlgiosus. a, am. adj. 1. Quarrelsome, disputatious, litigious. 2.
Resounding with disputes (as the forum). 3. Forming a subject of dis
pute, disputed.
litigo, as. v. n. To dispute, to quarrel, to go to law.
lito, as. r. n. and o. 1. (v. n.) To sacrifice favourably, to offer an accept
able sacrifice. 2. (r. a.) To sacrifice, to offer up. 3. To appease, to
make atonement to (c, dat). 4. (r. a.) JTo give a favourable omen :
U 4
296 LIT — LON
nee autpicato nee litato, without either auspices or sacrifices being fa
vourable, Liv. ; animaque litandum Argolica, and the godt most be pro
pitiated by (or an acceptable victim must be offered up in) a Greek lib,
Virg.
Htoralis, e. adj. Of, belonging to, protecting the aeaihore.
Htoreus. a. urn. adj. Of, on, or belonging to the shore.
litura, as./ 1. A smearing, a blot. 2. An erasure.
lltus, Sru. n. 1. The shore, coast, gland on the coast. 2. jA buk of
a river.
Htuus, L m. 1 . An augur's crooked staff. 2. A trumpet shaped lie
such a staff. 3. A trumpeter, i. e. instigator.
liveo, es, no perf. t>. n. 1. To be livid, to be discoloured. 2. JTo be
envious, to be envious of, to envy (c. dat. ).
tllvesco, is, no perf. v. n. To become livid, discoloured.
IIvidua, a, am. adj. 1. Of a livid, blue, black and blue colour. 1
Envious.
livor, oris. m. 1. A livid, black and blue colour, a discoloured spot
2. Envy.
lUa, se, m. A sutler.
locatio, onis./.' 1. A letting, leasing, br fanning out of lands, contacts,
etc. 2. A lease. 3. T(The original meaning) A placing.
IScatdritu, a, am, adj. Belonging to letting out : locatoria provineia, a pr>
vince where one will have nothing to do but to sign leases, Cic
tloclto. as. v. a. To let out
loco, as. r.a. 1. To place, to put, to station. 2. To give in mtrriat?
(c dat. of the husband, in and abL or +in and ace ot the marriage; natri-
monio, etc.). 3. To let (as a landlord), to lease, to farm out, to girt out
on contract, to contract for having done, to let out for hire : voceto Dana-
sippe locasti sipario, you, Damasippus, let out your voice to the stage (i. e.
became an actor), Juv.; beneficia locata apud tara gratos, kindnesses con
ferred on people so grateful, Liv.; disciplina locabat se non minus hscccixd,
the school brought in no less than 100,000 sesterces, Cic.
Ificulus, i. m. 1. tA little place. 2. (Kap. in pi.) A coffer, a casket
a chest.
IScnples, etis. adj. 1. Rich, opulent. 2. Copious (in style, etc), ex
uberant. 3. Responsible, trustworthy (as a surety, a witness, mei-
senger, etc). 4. J Lucrative : rei aatia locupletes, sureties able to fuiiil
our engagements, Liv. ,
locupleto, as. v. a. To enrich, to make rich, to adorn.
ldcus, i. m., pi. loci and loca. w. 1. A place, a spot, a position. 2. A
situation, a site, a locality. 3. A district, an inland region (in this
tense the pi. is usu. neul. in prose). 4. A topic (in this sense pi. is ntu-
masc. in prose. 5. Rank, degree, position in society, etc. ; quo res summa
loco, in what condition are our affairs ? Virg. 6. Room, occasion, csase
(for doing or thinking anything) : desipere in loco, to trifle at a proper
season, Hor. ; infelix etiam ad id locorum, unsuccessful even up to that
time, Liv.—abL loco (as adv.), instead of, as equivalent to : criminis Iocs
putant esse, they look upon it as a crime, Cic.
tjlocusta, se./ A locust.
locotio, onis./. 1. Speech, discourse. 2. Way of speaking, proatn-
ciation.
locutus, a, am. part. fr. loquor, q. v.
16dix, icis. /. A blanket, a counterpane.
lSglca, orum. pi. »., and logice, es. f. [\oyiK6s.] Logic.
logos, i. m. A saying, a witty saying, a bon mot, a jest.
loligo, mis./. The cuttlefish.
lilium, i. n. Darnel.
lomentum, i. n. [lavo.] A wash, a cosmetic.
longaevus, a, urn. aaj. Of great age, aged, old ; (/as siiist.) an «W
woman.
 L ON— LUC 297
longe. adv. 1 . Far, far off, at a distance. 2. For a long time. 3.
At great length, with prolixity, diffusely. 4. In a great degree, very
much, by far (esp. c. compar. or superl.). Si id non fecissent, longe ab his
fraternum nomen populi R. abfuturum, if they did not do so, the name of
being brothers of the Roman people should not protect them, Cass. Longe
illi Ilea mater erit, his goddess mother shall be no protection to him,
Virg. Longe lateque, far and wide, Cic.
longinqnitas, atis. /. 1. Distance. 2. Extent, duration, long con
tinuance.
longinquus, a, m adj. 1 . Far off, far removed, distant, remote. 2.
Unconnected with me, foreign (of persons, etc., opp. to propinquus.) 3.
Lasting, of long duration, continuing long, lingering (of a disease):
longinqua consuetndo, long habit, Com. Longinqua cura, anxiety about
remote objects, Liv.
longitudo, dms.f. Length (ueu. in measure, more rarely of time).
longiusculus and longulua, a, am. adj. Longish.
rlongule. adv. Rather far.
Iongus, a, um. adj. 1. Long (in every sense). 2. Tall. 3. Large,
spacious, extensive. 4. Long, tedious (of speakers), prolix: longa navis,
a man-of-war, Cic; Iongus versus, an hexameter verse, Cic; longa spes,
hope that looks a long time forward ; delator, spe Iongus, a procrastinator,
hoping for things a long way off, Hor. ; ne longom faciam, not to make a
long story of it, in short, Hor.; respondit nihil sibi longius fuisse quam ut
me videret, he replied that there was nothing he desired more than to see
me, Cic—n. longom, as adv. For a long time.
loquacltas, atis./ Loquacity, talkativeness.
loquaclter. adv. Loquaciously, talkatively.
ldquaz, acis, and tloquaculus, a, um. Loquacious, talkative, chattering :
nidi loquaoet, nests full of chirping birds, Virg.; loquaces lymphie, babbling
waters, Hor.
lSquela, SB. f. Speech, discourse, conversation, language.
liquor, 6ris, locutus sum, and flSquItor, axis. v. dep. 1. To speak, to
talk, to say, to utter. 2. To speak of, to mention. 3. To declare, to
show plainly (as things, signs, etc do.) : Mienalus argutumque nemus
pinosque loquentes semper habet, Mienalus has always its grove and pines
rustling in the wind, Virg.
Idratus. a, tun. adj. Bound with straps or thongs.
-loreus, a, um. adj. Of thongs; made of, cut into thongs.
lorica. as, dim. lorlcula, 86. f. 1. A breastplate, a corslet. 2. A breast
work, a parapet.
ldrico. as. e. a. To arm with a breastplate, with armour over the chest.
tloripes, idii. adj. m.f. Bandy-legged, with crooked feet.
loram, i. n. 1. A thing. 2. A rein. 3. A lash, a scourge. 4.
$Tbe girdle of Venus. 5. $A leathern bulla worn by poor children.
lotos, i./. 1. The lotus tree. 2. § A flute, as being made of lotus-wood.
tlltura, SB./ A washing, bathing.
lotus, a, am. part. fr. lavo, q. T.
lubens. etc.—iye libens.
lflbrlco, as. v. a. To make slippery, to lubricate.
labricoi, a, van. adj. 1. Slippery (of ground, or of a thing not easily held).
2. Slimy. 3. Slippery, uncertain, not to be trusted : ffitas puerilis max-
ime lubrica et incerta, the age of youth is a very critical and uncertain time
4. Moving easily, passing quickly, fleeting. 5. Full of artifice, tricky.
Lueanut, a, am. adj. Of Lucania, a district in lower Italy.
lucellom, i. ». Small gain, slight profit.
luceo, et, xi. no sup. v. n. 1. To shine, to be bright, to glitter. 2.
To dawn (as the day) : lucet, it is daylight, Hor. 3. To be visible,
clear, manifest, conspicuous.
Luceret, um. pi. m. One of the three tribes into which Romulus divided the
Roman knights. — See Ramnenses, Titienses.
298 LUC-LUD
lttcerna, as. f. A lamp : ante lucernes, before candlelight, Jot. : hssc ego ma
credam Venusina digna lucerna, shall not I think these thing* deterring of
the study of a Horace (who waa born at Venusia)? Jar.
lucesco. if, no pert To begin to thine, to dawn : quum lucesceret, when it
was daybreak.
Inside, adv. Clearly, lucidly.
luoldus, a, urn. adj. 1 . Bright, shining, clear. 2. Bright, fair, beau
tiful. 3. Clear, lucid, distinct, luminous.
lucifer, era, erum. adj. Bringing light ; m. aa sub?!., Lucifer, the to-
ing star; lucifer omnis, erery day, Or.
lficifugus, a. urn. adj. Shunning the light.
Lucina, 3e. /'. 1. The Goddess presiding orer childbirth. 2. §Child-
birth. ( Used as «yn. of Hecate by Tib.)
lucrifacio, la, feci, factum; pan. -fio, fll, fieri, v. a. To gain, to get, to
acquire.
Luci'Inus. a, nm. adj. Of the Lucrine lake near Baiae in Campania.
lucror, aria. v. dep. To gain, to get, to acquire: lucretur indicia veteris in-
funiiie, I will make him a present of (i. e. I will not mention) the tokens of
his ancient infamy, Cic,
lucrosua, a, urn. adj. Gainful, profitable, lucratire.
lucrum, i. n. 1. Gain, profit. 2. § Wealth: qu«e ille fecit lucri, which
he got the credit of, Nep. ; de lucro prope jam quadriennium vivimns, we
have now for nearly four yean been so placed aa to look upon each day
that we lire as so much unexpected gain, Cic
luctamen, mis. n. A contest, a struggle.
luctatio, on is ,/ 1. A wrestling. 2. A struggle, contest, battle.
luctator, oris. to. A wrestler.
Sluctiflcus, a, urn. adj. Bringing or causing grief.
Sluctisonus, a, um. adj. Resounding with grief or lamentation.
luctor, axis. t>. dep. 1. To wrestle. 2. To struggle, to contend, to
strive. 3. To be reluctant.
luctuoee. adv. Sadly, grievously.
luctuosus, a, um. adj. 1. Sad, grievous, lamentable. 2. Sorrowful.
luotus, US. m. Sorrow, grief, lamentation. 2. Mourning, mourning ap
parel. 3. §A grief, i. e. a cause of grief.
lucubratio, onis./ Study by candlelight, lucubration.
lucu.ro, as. r. n. To work or study by candlelight : opusculum lucubrates,
a small treatise composed at night, Cic.
luculente, and luculenter. adv. 1. In a clear style, intelligibly:
Gabinium ad populum luculentj calefecerat, he had attacked Gabinins to
warmly, Cic.
luculentus, a, um. adj. 1. Full of light, bright 2. Clear, intelligible.
3. Remarkable, considerable: luculenta plaga, a severe wound, Cic; loea-
lentum patrimonium, a considerable estate, Cic; luculenta navigia, nice
boats, Cic. 4. Trustworthy (at an authority, etc).
Incus, i. m. A grove.
*ludia. S3. f. An actress, a female dancer.
ludlbrium, i. n. A laughing-stock, an object of ridicule or of jetting, a butt:
nisi ventis debet ludibrium, unless you are bent on becoming the sport of
the winds, Hor.; ludibrio fratris, to ridicule his brother, Liv.
ludibundus, a, um. adj. 1. Kull of play, playful, sportive. '-.
(Metaph.) With ease, without danger (of doing anything).
ludicrus, a, um. adj. That serves for sport, done in sport, sportive; (a. as
xubst.) a game, a public show of games: expertes artis ludicrae, unconnected
with the theatrical professors, Liv.; neque enim levia aut ludicra petantor
Presmia, for it is no trifling prize, or such at can be obtained in games, that
is sought, Virg.
ludlficatio, onis. / Making game of, deriding, mocking, deluding,
ludiflco, as. v. ii., also ludiflcor, aris. v. dep. 1. To make game of.
mock, turn into ridicule. 2. (v. dep.) To thwart, to frustrate (a plan).
 LUD—LUS 299
lidimag Iter, tri. m. A schoolmaster.
Iftdio, onis. *>., and ludius, i m. A player, actor, morris-dancer.
lndo. L3, si. stun. v. n. and a. 1. (v. r.) To play (very rarely on an in
strument), to sport, to frolic, to amuse oneself, to disport oneself. 2.
(e. a.) To act the part of. 3. To make sport of, banter, jest upon.
4. To delude, to deceive. 5. t+I'o spend or waste in amusement: in
numenim ludere, to dance in time to music, Virg.; carmina qui lusi pas-
tornm, I who sang pastoral songs, Virg.
ltdui, i. in. ]. Play, sport, diversion, amusement 2. A game, (esp.
in pi.) games as a public spectacle. S. Jest, fun. 4. A place for
training, a school : is te ludos facit, he is making game of you, Plant.;
operant indos facit, he is wasting his labour, i'hiut. ; quos mihi ludos red-
deret, what game would he make of me ! 'i'er.; ad quod yos per ludum per-
vtnistis, which you have attained without any trouble, Cic; amoto ludo,
potting aside joking or trifling, Hor.
tlnela, as./: An expiation, a place to expiate,
lues, is./ A plague, pestilence. 2. JA calamity, a disaster,
lngeo, es, xi. v. n. and a. 1. {v. n.) To mourn, to grieve. 2. (v. a.)
To moum for, lament, bewail. 3. To wear mourning for.
lagnbris, e. adj. Mournful, sad, sorrowful (of persons or events), grievous ;
a. as adv., mournfully, full of sad omen.
Iambus. L w. A loin.
lumen, inis. a. 1. Light. 2. A light, a lamp, a candle. 3. An
eye. 4. A light (in a building, i. e.) a hole to admit light. 5. Clear
ness, distinctness : lumine quarto, on the fourth day, Virg.; nee lumen
ademptum est, neither am I deprived of life, Ov.; lumina civitatis, the
luminaries (i. e. most distinguished men) of the state, Cic.
luminosua, a, run. adj. Prominent, remarkable.
Una, m.f. 1. The moon. 2. JA crescent-shaped figure which the
senators wore on their shoes, Juv. : lima quater latuit, toto quater orbe re-
erevit, four times has the moon disappeared, four times has she grown again
with full orb, i. e. four months have passed, Ov.; roscida luna, the dewy
ni'irht, Virg.
Lfinaris, e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to the moon. 2. Shaped like a
half moon, crescent-shaped.
lunatos, a, urn. part, of seq.; as adj. Crescent-shaped.
• lino. as. e. a. To bend into the shape of a crescent, to bend, to curve.
luo, is, oi (no. sup.), v. a. 1. ( Rare and only X) To wash. 2. To wash
out, atone for, expiate. 3. To avert (evils) by atonement : luo pcenam
or pcenas, to suffer punishment, Cic, Ov.
lipa. m.f. 1. A she-wolf. 2. A prostitute,
lipanar, aria. «. A brothel,
lupatna, a. um. adj. Furnished with points like wolve's teeth (esp. of a bit);
«. as iab>t., a severe curb-bit, a bridle.
Lapercal. alia. n. A grotto on the Palatine Hill sacred to Pan. 2.
(pt) The Feast of Pan, celebrated in February.
Luperei. The priests of Pan.
luplnum, i. n. Lupine (on the stage lupines were used instead of money),
lupinns, a, tun. adj. Of a wolf, wolfish.
lapns, i. in. 1. A wolf: lupus in fabula (as we say talk of the devil),
Cic ; auribus teneo lupum (as we say I have taken the bull by the
homs), Ter. 2. A voracious fish, a sort of pike. 3. A severe bit, a
curb. 4. A hook, a grapnel.
+lnrco, onis. m. A glutton.
lurldns, a, am. adj. 1. Lurid, ghastly-looking. 2. Making one look
pale.
+laror, 6ris. m. A lurid, ghastly appearance,
loseuua, m.f. (often trisyll.), dim. tlusciniola, S3. A nightingale,
losens, a, um. adj. One-eyed,
lflsio, 8nis./ Play, playing.
300 LUS-LYC
Lusltanus, a. um. adj. Of Lusitania, i. e. Portugal.
lusor. aria. m. 1. One who plays. 2. One who writes sportively,
lustralis, e. adj. 1 . Relating to purification, purifying, propitiatory (of
a sacrifice, etc.) : aqua lustralis, holy water, Uv. 2. Belonging to a
lustrum, q. v., recurring every five years.
lustratio. onis. /. 1 . Purification, lustration. 2. A going round.
Slustratus, a, tun. adj. Lighted up, shining.
lustro, as. r. (i. 1. To purify. 2. To go round, over, through. 3
To review, survey, observe, consider,
lustrum, 1. n. 1. A haunt or den of wild beasts, any solitary place, >
pathless wood, etc. 2. A brothel. 3. Debauchery,
lustrum. La. 1. A purifying sacrifice, a lustral sacrifice, a lustration
made by the censors for the people every fifth year. 2. Any propitiatory
sacrifice, a sacrifice. 3. A period of five years (Ov. uses it once for a
period of four years) : cujus octavum trepidavit anas Claudere lurtram,
whom age had brought to his fortieth year, Iior. ; ingens lustrum, a hundred
years, Mart,
lusus, us. m. Playing, a game, sport, amusement,
luteolus, a. um. adj. Yellowish.
luteus, a, um. adj. Of a golden, yellow colour, yellow, golden,
luteus, a, um. adj. 1. Made of mud or clay. 2. Defiled with mud,
dirty. 3. Vile, worthless.
£luto, as. v. a. To smear with mud, to dirt,
lutulentus, a, um. adj. 1. Muddy. 2. Smeared with mud, dirty.
3. Filthy, impure. 4. §Confused, unintelligible (of style, etc.) : lutu-
lenta sub, the sow that wallows in the mire, Hor.
lutum, i, n. A yellow dye, yellow.
lutum, i. n. Mud, mire, clay, potters' clay: O lutum, you dirty fellow! Cic;
in medio luto est, he is stuck in the mud (i. e. he does not know what is
do), Plant.
lux, lflcis. / 1. Light (lit. and raetaph.), §brightness, brilliancy.
2. (Esp.) Daylight : prima luce, at daybreak, Cass. 3. A day : lax
jestiva, summer, Virg. ; corpora luce carentum, the bodies of dead men,
Virg. ; damnum lucis ademptse, the injury of the deprivation of light (i. e. o!
blindness), Ov.; in luce atque in oculis civium, in broad daylight, and before
the eyes of all the citizens, Cic; illae quae fulgent luces, the heavenly lumi
naries which shine, Cic. (in poet,).
luzuria, x. /.. and luxuries, el /. 1. Rankness, luxuriance. 2.
Riotous living, luxury, profusion.
luxurio, as. v. »., and luxurior, aria. v. dep. 1 . To be rank, to be
luxuriant. 2. To luxuriate, to wanton, to skip about. 3. To swell,
to be full : deliciis luxuriare novis, to be full of new beauties, Ov.
4. To be luxurious, to live luxuriously, to revel, to riot : ne luxuriarenuu
otio animi, that their minds might not grow licentious, or (more probably)
enervated through peace ; vereor ne haec quoque lauitia luxuriet nobis ac
vana evadat, I fear that this joy too may run to seed, and turn out vain,
Liv.
luxuriose. adv. Luxuriously, voluptuously.
lnxuriosus, a, um. adj. 1. Rank, luxuriant. 2. Immoderate, ex
cessive. 3. Luxurious, voluptuous, profuse. 4. Wanton.
luxus. a, um. adj. Dislocated.
luxus, us. m. Luxury, luxuriousness, voluptuousness, splendour.
Lyaeus. i. m. [AiV] 1. A name of Bacchus. 2. Wine.
Lycambcs, 83. m. A Theban who refused his daughter to Archflochus.
who in consequence wrote such lampoons on him that he hung himself
and her.
Lyca5nius, a. um. adj. 1. Of Lycaon a king of Arcadia, and father of
Callisto, who was changed into the constellation the Bear. 2. Of
Lycaonia in Asia Minor : Lycaonius axis, the North Pole, Ov. I>J-
caonis, idis./ Callisto.
 LTC— MAD 301
ifceum. La. A school at Athens where Aristotle taught.
lyehnuchus, i. m. [\vx.voiix°s-] A chandelier, a lamp.
lychnus, i. m. A lamp.
Iycius, a, um. adj. Of Lycia, where Apollo was greatly worshipped :
Lrciae sones, the oracle of Apollo, Virg.
lyiins, a, um. and Lydus, a, um. adj. Lydian : Lydius amnis, the Pactolus,
Tib.; Lyda puella, Omphale, queen of Lydia, Ov.
lympha. x.f. Water.
lymphaticus. a, um. adj. Frantic, panic-stricken.
lymphltus, a, um. adj. Frantic.
Lynceus, ei. m. An Argonaut famous for his acute sight
lynx. cis. m. f. A lynx.
Iyra, as./. 1. A lyre. 2. Lyric poetry. 3. The constellation Lyra,
lyricus, a, um. adj. Of a lyre, lyric,
lyraessis, Idis./ Briseis, as born at Lyrnessus near Troy.

M.
Kacedo, onis. m. A Macedonian. Vir Macedo, Philip, Hot.
macellum, i. m. The provision market.
sacer. era, crum. adj. Lean, meagre, emaciated.
materia, 89. f. An enclosure, a wall.
macero, as. v. a. 1. JTo soften. 2. To emaciate, to weaken, to waste
away. 3. To vex, to fret, so as to cause to waste away,
ttmaceaco, is, no perf. c. a. To become lean, to waste away.
machaerophorus, i. m. [uixaipa. ipipu ] One armed with a Grecian sword.
Xachadnius, a, um. adj. 1. Of Machaon the surgeon of the Greeks in
the Trojan war. 2. fMedical, surgical,
maehlna, as./ [uiixarli.] 1. A machine, an engine. 2. A platform,
a scaffolding. 3. A device, a contrivance, a stratagem,
macalnamentum, i. «. A machine, an engine.
michinatio, onis. /. 1. Mechanism, artificial contrivance. 2. A
machine, an engine. 3. A machination, contrivance, stratagem.
machinator, oris. m. 1. An engineer, a machinist 2. A contriver,
an inventor.
nacMnor, aris. v. dtp. To contrive, design, devise, plan.—part, machi-
natus sometimes in pass, sense, contrived, artificial.
macies, ei./ Leanness, thinness, emaciation, meagreness.
nacresco. is, rui, no sup. «. n. To grow lean, to pine away.
t;mactabilis, e. adj. Deadly, fatal (of a wound),
made, ixterj. [magis auctus.] Go on, forward, on : macte nova virtute
peer, forward in ever-increasing virtue, 0 boy, Virg. ; juberem macte virtute
esse, I would bid you advance in the path of virtue, Liv.
tfmactatus, us. m. A slaying.
oatto, as. v. a. 1. (very rare) To increase, to advance, to promote, to
do honour to. 2. To sacrifice, to slay as a victim, 3. To punish.
4. To destroy, to overthrow, to ruin.
timactus, a, um. adj. Wounded, slain,
macula, ae. /. 1. A spot, a stain, a blemish. 2. A fault, a disgrace.
3. An artificial hole, a mesh in a net
miculo, as. v. a. 1. To spot, to speckle. 2. To spot, to stain, to pol
lute. 3. To defile, to disgrace.
maculosus, a, um. adj. 1. Spotted, speckled, dappled. 2. Defiled,
stained, disgraced : maculosum nefas, abominable wickedness, Hor.
■adefacio, Is, feci, factum, v. a. (.pass, flo, etc.) To wet, to make wet
to moisten, to soak, to steep': terramque suo madefecit odors, and
thoroughly filled the earth with its fragrance, Ov.
302 MAD-MAG
madeo, es; and madesco, is, dui, nn sup. v. ». To be wet, to be drippisf,
to drop, to flow. 2. §To be thoroughly boiled. Non festa luce niadere
eat pudor, one is not ashamed to be drunk on a day of festival, Tib.;
madeant gencroso pocula Baccho, let the cups be full of generous wine,
Tib.; quanquam Socraticis madet sennonibus, though he is thoroughly
impregnated with the doctrines of Socrates, Hor. ; nix sole madens, the
snow melting in the sun, Ov.
madidus, a, um. adj. Moist, wet, thoroughly soaked. 2. +JBoiled
sodden, 3. r Drunk. 4. ^Thoroughly impregnated. Madidae corns,
hair reeking with unguents, Ov.
Masander, and dros, dri. i». 1. A river in Lydia celebrated for its wind
ings. 2. A winding, a meandering. 3. § A border or hem of a
winding pattern.
msena. m.f. A pilchard.
maenas, adis. f. (usu. in pi.). [p.aiyofxat.'j A priestess of Bacchus, a Bac
chante.
Msenalius, a, tun. adj. Of Masnalus, a mountain in Arcadia sacred to Pan :
Msenalii versus. Arcadian, i. e. pastoral, songs, Virg. ; Masnalis una, Cal-
listo, as daughter of Lycaon, king of Arcadia.
meenianom, i. n. A balcony, a verandah, first invented by a man named
Maenius.
Maeonius, a, um. 1. Of Masonia, an ancient name of Lydia, Lydian.
2. Etrurian, because Etruria was colonised from Lydia. Mseonides. a. n.
Homer. Maeonis, idis./. 1. Arachne. 2. Omphale, queen of
Lydia : Mseonia? ripte, the banks of the Masander, Ov.; Meconium Cannes,
Homeric or epic poetry, Ov.
maga, se. f. A female magician, a witch, a sorceress.
magalia, um. pi. n. Huts, cabins.
maglcus, a, um. adj. 1. Magical, magic 2. ^Skilled in magic.
3. §Invoked by magical incantations.
magis and ijmage. adv. More, in a greater degree, rather : niagis est quod
gratuler tibi quam quod rogem, there is more reason for my congratulating
you than fur requesting, Cic.
magister, tri. m. 1 . A master, director, chief, superintendent, conductor
(of anything): magister populi, the Dictator, Cic; magister morum, a cor
rector of morals, i.e. the Censor, Cic. 2. A pilot, a steeraman. 3.
A teacher, instructor, schoolmaster. 4. An adviser (c. ad and ace of
the conduct or action advised) : fluviis pecus omne magistri perfundunt,
the herdsmen bathe their flocks in the river, Virg.: cessere magistri, the
physicians were at fault, Virg.
magisterium, i. n. 1. The office of Magister, q. v., directorship, super
intendence, mastership. 2. The office of tutor, of instructor, tutorship.
3. Teaching, instruction: magisterium morum. the censorship, Cic; magis-
teria a majoribus inatituta, the custom of presiding at feasts established by
our ancestors, Cic.
magistra, x.f. An instructress, directress : (as adj./.) usus . . . omni nunc
arte magistra, there is need now of all your masterly art, Virg.
magistratus, us. m. 1. Magistracy, the office of magistrate (very rarely
used of military authority). 2. A magistrate (sometimes esp. »
consul).
magnauimitas, atis. /. Magnanimity.
magnanlmus, a, um. adj. Magnanimous, high-souled.
magnet, etis. m. [^07^1.] (usu. magnes lapis). A magnet, a loadstone.
Hagnea, etis m., /. Magnessa, as, and Magnetis, Idig. Of Magnesia, •
district in Thessaly, or a city in Caria.
magnlflce, compar. -entius, etc. 1. Magnificently, splendidly. 2.
Pompously.
magnificentia, 89. 1. Grandeur, greatness of soul, magnanimity. -■
Splendour, magnificence, sumptuousness. 3. Pomposity.
tjmagnifico, as. c. a. 1. To praise highly. 2. To esteem highly.
 MAG — MAL 303
nagalficns, a, um, compar. -entior, etc. adj. 1. Magnanimous, high-
souled, noble-minded. 2. Pompous, ostentatious, boastful. 3. Mag
nificent, splendid, sumptuous.
magiilloquentia, a. /. 1. Elevated, lofty language. 2. Pompous,
bo.-iA-.ful, arrogant language.
magnilSquus, a, am. adj. 1. Pompous, boastful, speaking arrogantly.
2. ^Sulilime.
+magnipendo, is, di. c. a. To esteem highly.
magnitudo, inis. /. 1. Greatness, size, grandeur, extent, (of a voice)
loudness, (of quantity, crops riches, etc.) abundance. 2. + High rank.
magnopere, sometimes in superl. maiimopere. adv. Greatly, excessively,
exceedingly, very much.
nugnus, a, tun, compar. major, superl. maximns. 1. Great (in every
sense), large, tall, stout. 2. Important, momentous. 3. Magnani
mous, noble. 4. (Of a voice, etc.) Loud. 5. Difficult : qua; tuto tibi
magna vo'ant, [words] of boasting which are uttered by you without
bringing you into danger, Virg.; major natu, maximus fetate, etc., elder,
eldest; majorrs (as subst.), ancestors, forefathers, the men of old time; inagni
exiiiimans interesse, thinking it of great consequence, Cic. ; multo majoris
slaps; mecum veneunt, a box on the ear (i. e. emancipation, given by that
form) is sold by me at a much greater price, Phu;J. ; te semper fecit
xuximi, she always esteemed you most highly, Ter. ; vendere magno, to
sell at a high price ; magno illi ea cunctatio stetit, that delay cost him
drar, Liv.
magus, i. in. A magician.
gmagus, a, tun. adj. Magical.
Haia, m.f. Daughter of Atlas and mother of Mercury, one of the Pleiades.
majalis, U. A barrow hog (used by Cicero as a term of reproach).
majestas. atis. f. 1. Majesty, dignity. 2. Dignified authority: cri
men majestatis, called also majestas, treason against the state : coiidcmna-
tns majestatis, being convicted of treason, Cic; lex majestatis, the law
against treason, Cic; majestatem minuere, to commit treason against the
state, Cic.
Wiui, i. m. May.
majnsciilus, a, tun. adj. Somewhat greater or larger.
mils, ae.y! 1. The cheekbone, the jaw. 2. A cheek.
malaria, ae. f. [ uaKaxia ] . A calm at sea.
Bile, compar. pejus, superl. peasime. adv. 1. Badly, ill, wrongly. 2.
Unfortunately, unsuccessfully. 3. (When joined with an adj.) Not: male
gralus, ungrateful, Ov.; male fidus, not to be trusted, Virg.; uti agmen
adver-arSonim male haberet, to harass the army of the enemy, Cses.: non
dnbito quin me male oderit, I do not doubt that he hates me bitterly. Cms.
maledlce. adv. Abusively.
maledico. is, xi, ctum. v. a. To abuse, to revile, to slander (c. dat).
miledictum, L n. (usu. in pi.). Abuse, railing.
maledic'.io, onis./. Abuse, railing.
miledicus, a, tun, compar. centior. adj. Abusive, scurrilous.
"rmilefacio, is, feci, factum, r. a. To do harm to, to injure.
nilefactum, i. n. 1. An ill deed, an error. 2. A disservice.
EUleficium, i. n. 1. An evil deed, a crime. 2. Mischief (to a person),
injury, harm.
uilificus, a, am. adj. Wicked, criminal, vicious, mischievous.
nilesudus, a, urn. adj. Advising badly, seducing to what is wrong.
milevdlentia, ae f. Ill will, ill nature, malevolence.
mllevolus, a, am. wlj. Ill disposed (towards one), malevolent, ill-natured.
Smsllfer, era, erum. adj. Productive of apples.
W'lignc. adv. 'I. Ill-naturedly, spitefully, malignantly. 2. Stingily,
sparingly, grudgingly ; non mini tarn fuit maligue, I was not so badly off,
Cst '
■ilignus, a, tun. adj. 1. Ill-natured, spiteful, malignant, malicious.
2. Stingy, niggardly. 3. Scanty, small, narrow.
 304 MAL — MAN
militia, ee. /. 1. Malice, malignity. 2. Wicked cunning, roguery.
malltlose. adv. With wicked cunning, knavishly, maliciously.
£ mflltiosus, a, um. adj. 1. Wicked, cunning, knavith. 2. MsJic'was.
malleolus, i. m. A kind of firebrand to be thrown with the view of setting
buildings on fire.
malleus, i. at, 1. A mallet, a hammer. 2. A sacrificial axe.
malo, mavis, malle, malui, no sup. v. irr. a. [raagis volo.] To choose
rather, to prefer (ueu. c infin., sometimes c ace.): nullos his mailem loios
spectasse, there are no games that I would rather bare seen than these
(where malo governs his the abl., as if it were a comparative adj.), Hot.;
illi omnia malo quam mihi, I had rather that he gained all his objects than
that I did, Cic
malobathrnm, i. «. An unguent prepared from a Syrian plant of that name.
malum, in. 1. An evil, a misfortune, a calamity. 2. Ill-treatment, in
jury. 3. Mischief, damage, harm. 4. Punishment.
malum, i. «. An apple : ab ovo usque ad mala, from the beginning to the
end of the feast (as eggs farmed part of the first course, and fruit part at
the last), Hor.
mains, a. um, compar. pejor, sup. pessimal, adj. 1. Bad (in every
sense and manner), evil, injurious, mischievous. 2. Wicked. 3.
Cruel, hostile. 4. Of evil omen. 6. Unfortunate, unsuccessful, US-
prosperous: abi in malam rem, go and be hanged, Per.—§*. malum as ode,
badly, ill.
*mamilla, m. f. A breast, a pap.
mamma, ae. /: A breast, a pap.
t jmanabilis, e. adj. Flowing, penetrating.
manceps, Ipis. >«. A purchaser at a state auction, a contractor, a farmer (of
contracts, revenues, etc.). 2. t A surety. 3. JMen employed to hire
applauders at a theatre or court of law.
mancipium. i. n. [manu capio.] 1. The legal formal purchase of anything.
2. A sale : in mancipii lege, in the contract of sale, Cic. 3. Possession.
ownership : finge mancipio aliquern dedisse id, suppose any one had gives
possession of that . . ., Cic; qua; mancipi sunt, things which are pro
perty, Cic. 4. A slave (prop, one obtained by purchase or through
debt, but used generally).
manclpo, as. v. a. 1 , To make over (to another) as property : quaedaa
mancipat usus, use gives a title to some things, Hor.; luxu et sagine man*
cipatus, devoted to luxury and gluttony, Tac.
mancus, a, um. adj. Maimed, crippled, defective.
^mandator, oris. m. One who suborns informers.
mandatum, i. n. A charge, a commission, a command.
mandatus, us. m. A command, a mandate, an order.
mando, as. r. a. 1 . To commit to the charge or care of, to commit, ts en
trust. 2. To commission (one to do so and so), to command (c daL pen.
and ut or ne, and subj., sometimes c subj.) (see Eton. Lai. Gr. 93.).
3. JTo send word to (c. dat, or c. in and ncc. of a place—in urbem, Tac):
sese fugte mandabant, they betook themselves to flight, Csev; que man-
dentur condita vetustati, which may be stored up and entrusted to time
(i. e. kept for a long time), Cic.
mando, is, di, no tup. v. a. To chew, to champ, to bite, to eaL
Jmandra, 89./. 1. A pen for cattle, a stall. 2. A herd of cattle.
tmanduco, as. v. a. To chew, to eat, to eat up.
mane, iiulecl. is. The morning; (as adv.) in the morning, at dawn.
maneo, es, nsi, nsnm. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To stay, to remain, to
tarry. 2. (c. in and abl.) To abide by, to adhere to (an agreement, an
opinion, etc.). 3. To continue: maneat ergo, let it then be looked upon
as established (of a maxim), Cic. 4. (e. a.) To waitfor, to await.
manes, ium. pi. m. 1. The Gods of the lower world (often Dii manes).
2. The souls, shades, ghosts of the dead. 3. A corpse, dead body,
4. §Tfle shades below, the infernal regions : quisque suos patimur i
 MAN 305
we all suffer the destiny (or punishment) appointed for us in the shades
le!o'.v, Virg.
'mango, oue. m, 1. A slave dealer. 2. A polisher up (for sale).
imaagonazo, as. n. a. To polish, to furbish up for sale.
miaica, iium. pi. f. 1. Long sleeves. 2. Gloves. 3. ^Gauntlets.
4. Manacle*, handcuffs, bonds.
naalcatus, a, urn. adj. With long sleeves.
manifesto, adv. Clearly, evidently, manifestly, plainly.
manifesto, as. r. a. To make manifest, to show clearly, to discover.
manifest us, a, um. and tmanifestarius, a, am. adj. 1. Manifest, evi
dent, dearly shown or proved, plain. 2. Convicted, detected in the
fact (sometimes c. gen. of the deed done) : per quod ficrem mnnifesta rio-
luris ? by what means could I show my indignation ? Ov. ; Zenobiara . . ,
vita? manifestnm advertere pastores, the shepherds found Zenobia . . . giving
evident signs of life, Tac. ; dissentire manifestus, openly showing his dis
approval, Tac.
ninipfilaris, e. Belonging to a company (in a legion, q. v. ; m. as subtt.) .:
private soldier.
caniptUatim. adv. 1 . In companies. 2. Jin handfuls.
mialpulus, L sync, manlplus. m. 1. A handful. 2. (Because a hand
ful of hay was tied round the standard of each company) A company (of
soldiers). (There were thirty mauipuli in each legion in the time of Caesar;
at an earlier period there had been forty-five.)
Tnarmus, in. A small horse, n nag, a horse.
mino, as. v. n. 1. To flow, to run (as water, etc.). 2. To drop, to
drip. 3. To diffuse itself, be diffused, to spread (as a report, an evil,
etc.) : peccata a vitiis nunant, bad actions proceed from bad dispositions,
Cw.
mansio, oniB.f. 1. A staying, remaining, abiding, a continuing. 2.
*A place in which to stay, quarters, a station.
*nonslto, as. r. n. To stay, tarry, remain.
aansuefacio, Is, feci, factum, pass, fio, fis, etc. I. To render gentle, to
tame. 2. To civilise. 3. To pacify.
mansuesco, is, uevi. no sup. v.n. 1. To become tame, gentle, civilised,
roild, merciful. 2. §To become soft, manageable, easily tilled, fit for the
use of man (of land, fruit, etc.).
mansnete. adv. Mildly, gently.
utansuetus, a, um. adj. 1. Tamed, tame. 2. Civilised. 3. Mild,
gentle, quiet, free from storms (of a shore).
mansuetudo, iais.f. Mildness, gentleness.
mantele. is. n. A towel, a napkin.
tmantelum, i. n. A mantle, a cloak ; (mctaph.) concealment.
mantica, as. /. A trunk, a wallet.
tmanto. as. v. a. To await, to expect.
*rnanu.ale. is. n. A case for a book.
"masualis, e. adj. Of the hand, suited to, that can be taken up in the hand.
Eanfibiae, arum, pi f. 1. Money obtained from the sale ol booty. 2.
Jrtooty, plunder. 3. ^Unlawful gain.
Ininubiarius. a, tun, and Jmanubialis, e. adj. Of booty : manubiarius
amicus, a profitable friend, Plaut.
manubrium, in. A handle, a haft, a hilt.
trsanuleus, i. m. A long sleeve of a tunic.
icanumissio, onis. /. The manumission of a slave, emancipation.
oanumitto, is, mlsi, missum. v. a. To manumit, to give freedom to, to
enfranchise, to emancipate (a slave).
maniipretium, i. n. Wages, pay, hire, rewnrd.
nanus, us./ 1. A hand. 2. Workmanship (with ref. to the person
who has done it), handwriting, etc. 3. Anything that takes hold, a
grapnel. 4, A body of scldiers, a bam1. o. A company, a host, a
306 MAP — MAR
crowd, a multitude : in manu tua est, it is in your power, Cic; in qcmim
manu essent, to whom they belonged, Liv.; manu fortisaiinus, of great
personal strength, Liv.; re» venit ad manus et ad pugnam, it came t» a
regular battle, Cic; pugna jam ad manus venerat, the battle had coir»: U
close quarters, Liv.; cunferre, committere, conserere manum, to iglt in
close combat, Liv., Virg.; est in man i bus oratio, the speech is in every oof's
hands, Cic; quae in manibus habebam, what I had in band (i. e. «hit 1
was doing), Cic: sic in manibus habebant, sic forebant, they cherished anc
caressed him to such a degree, Cic; hoates sunt in manibus, the •tjm";
are at hand, Cres.; Komanis ad manum domi supplementum erat, tie
Romans being at home had their reinforcements at hand, Liv.; Voeoalii
sub manu ut essent, that the Vocontii might be at hand, Cic. ; qits cam
res jam manibus teneretur, and as the ma-.ter was now completely evident,
Cic. ; ante oculos interque manus sunt omnia vestras, even-thing is dear aafl
plain to you, Virg.; tradita per manus religiones, religious crrrrrwn.a
handed down by tradition, Liv.; cum intelligetis per manus liberta!«
retinendnm, when you are aware that freedom can only be maintained bv
force of arms, Sail.; quascunque urbes manu ceperat, whatever cities tier
(the H. people) had taken in war (or by force); quo celerius ac submtaoo
cognosci posset, that it might be known the more speedily and insaflUT,
Suet. ; nibs manu munitissima, a city strongly fortified by art, Cic; am
bus requis nhscessum, they separated after a drawn battle, Tac; do nar.u,
I submit, Hor. (c. dat.); dabit victas ferreus ille manus, hard-hearted ai M
is, he will yield, Ov.; da piacidam fesso . . . manum, kindly aid mew!»
am weary, Ov. ; quern servum ille habuit ad mnmim, whom he had as sa
amanuensis. Cic; aptius a summa conspiciare manu, you may be nr«
fitly gazed at when you have put the finishing touch to your adorning, Or.
mapalia. uni. pi. n. Numidian huts, cottages, cabins.
mappa, a./. 1. A napkin. 2. JA cloth used to give the signal fa
starting in a chariot race.
marathrus, i. m. Fennel.
marceo, es, also marccsco, is, ui. no sup. v.n. 1. To wither, to Mr, *
decay, to shrivel. 2. To be enervated, enfeebled, weakened <erp. bj
drunkenness, debauchery, or idleness ) : marcentia guttura, his witarrri
throat (of an old man), Ov.
marcldus, a, um. adj. Faded, withered, shivelled.
marc. is. k. 1. The sea. 2. §tA vast expanse (of sky): nnm«l
montes polliceri cccpit, he began to promise all kinds of imposiitulrtirt.
Sail. ; in mare fundat aquas (a proverb like ours—To carry coals to N«5
castle.), Ov. ; terra marique omnia exquirere, to seek for evervthhuT B
every quarter. Sail. : Chium maris expers, Chian wine unmixed »B3
water, Hor.; ros maris, rosemary, Ov.
K&reoticns, a, um. adj. Of Mnrcota, a city in Egypt, Egyptian.
margarita, se./. and ^margarituni, i. n. A pearl.
margino, as r. o. To furnish with an edge or border.
margo, litis. m.f. A margin, edge, border.
marinus, a, um. adj. Of the sen, marine, belonging to or connected w»
the sea: marina Venus, Venus born of the sea, Hor. ; marinus ros, rose
mary, Hor.
Jmari'sca, m.f. 1. A kind of large fig. 2. The disease called piles.
maritalis, e. adj. Belonging to marriage, nuptial.
marltimus, a, um. adj. Of the sea, in any way belonging to or cennfrt?-
with the sea, near the sea or the sea-coast, maritime : mnritirmim, tli^B*1
command at sea, Cic. ; toti officio maritimo Bibulus propositus, Bibc"
being appointed to the entire management of naval affairs, Lies.
marito, as. v. a. To marry, to give in marriage, to couple, to unite.
maritus, a, um. adj. Of marriage, of wedlock, nuptial, matrimonial, r**
jugol, belonging to married people, affecting married people.
maritus. i. m. 1. A husband, a bridegroom. 2. A suitor (used a!» '■
animals).
 MAE-MAT 307
^Marmarides, ee. in. One belonging to Marmarica, a district of Africa.
Diroor, oris. n. 1. Marble. 2. A work in marble, a marble statue
or monument. 3. £A milestone. 4. The sea.
marmorena. a, am. adj. 1. Marble, made of marble. 2. Like marble,
smooth, white : marmorea Paros, Paros abounding in marble, Ov.
Sarpesaus, a, urn. adj. Of Marpessus, a mountain in the isle of Paros.
:marra.a./. A hoe.
Mara, tis, n. 1 . The God of war. 2. §War, battle : marte forensi,
in the strife of the forum, of debate : omnia belli Mars communis, the
chances of all war are equal, Cic. ; parati prope aequo marte ad diuiicandum,
prepared for battle with almost equal advantages, Ces. ; adeo anceps mars
mit, m undecided was the event of the war, Liv.
tmarsupium, i. n. A purse.
Harsus, and Haraictu, a, um. adj. Of the Marsi, a tribe in Latium, cele
brated as giving a name to the Social or Marsic War; also for the prac
tice of witchcraft : iiienia Marsa, magic incantations, Ov., Hor.
Karsyas, also Marsya, 9. in. A satyr who challenged Apollo to play the
ante, and was flayed alive by him; he had a statue in the forum at Rome.
Kartialis, e. adj. Of, belonging to, sacred to Mars.
?ManIcola, ae. mi. A worshipper of Mars.
iKartlgena, ae. m. Born of, son of Mars.
Martial, a. am adj. 1. Of or belonging to Mars, descended from Mars,
sacred to Mars. 2. Martial, warlike. 3. Belong:ng to March : gra
mme Martio, in the Campus Martius, Hor.; in. as subst.. March.
maa, gen. maris, adj. m. 1. Male, masculine, (gas subst.) a man. 2.
Manly, brave, spirited.
^masculinus, a, tun. adj. Male, masculine.
mtsculus, a, um. adj. 1. Male, masculine. 2. Manly, bold.
massa, ae. f. 1. A lump, a mass. 2. § A lump of gold.
HassageUe, arum. pi. m. A tribe on the Caspian Sea.
Hassicus. i. m. A hill in Campania celebrated for its wine.
Kassllia, ae./. Marseilles, a city in the south of France.
Kanylna. a, um, adj. Of the M ssyli, an African tribe; African.
tmastigia, ae. m. [uaffriyias.] A rogue, one who has been often scourged,
mutrnca, as./ A sheepskin cloak worn in Sardinia.
maUra. as. / A kind of Gallic javelin.
tCmatella, m.f. A pot.
miter, trU; dim. matercula, ee./ 1. A mother (lit. and metaph.). 2.
A foster-mother : magna mater, Cybele the mother of the Gods, Cic; si-
mnl ex nimia matrem pietate labare sensit, as soon as she felt her feelings
as a mother waver from excessive affection, Ov. ; materfamilias (gen. ma-
trisfamilias and matrisfamilia?), the mother of a family, i. e. the mistress of
a house.
materia, ae, and materies, Si./ 1. Materials, matter, stuff (of which
anything is made). 2. (Esp.) Timber. 3. A subject (for -Tiling on,
speaking on, etc.), a theme. 4. A cause, occasion : seges ac materia
gloria; the chief source and origin of his credit, Cic. 5. Natural dispo
sition : angebatur nihil materia; in viro neque ad enpiditatem neque ad
audaciam esse, she was vexed that there was nothing in her husband by
which she could work him up either to desire or to boldness, Liv, ; non sum
materia digna perire tua, I do not deserve to be destroyed through your
iard-hearted disposition, Ov.
taiteriarius, a, um. adj. Relating to timber or carpenters' work ; (t "». as
alml.) a timber-merchant.
miteiiatus, a, um. part. fr. seq., q. v. Mdet male matcrint.-e, a house with
bad limber in it, Cic.
materior, axil. t;. dep. To fell trees, to procure timber.
auteris. is. /. A kind of Gallic javelin.
nuternua, a, um. adj. Of, or belonging to, or derived from a mother, mn

- 2
308 M AT-3IEA
temal, motherly: matcrnaque tempora complet, she completes the tine
necessary to become a mother (of pregnancy), Ov.
matcrtera, a?./ An aunt by the mother's side.
mathematlcus, a, um. adj. [/lafliyiaTiico'r. ] Mathematical, belonging to
mathematics; (>«. as subsi.) n mathematician. 2. £An astrologer.
Matinus, a, am. adj. Of Matinus, a hill in Apulia.
Matralia. ium. pi. n. The festival of Mater Matuta, i. e. of loo, celebrated
June 11.
matrlolda, re. m.f. A matricide, a murderer of one's mother.
matrlcldium, i. «. Matricide, the murder of one's mother.
matrlmonium, i. n. 1. Marriage, matrimony. 2. t(lapl.) Wives.
matrlmuB, a, no. adj. Having n mother alive.
lnatrona. 85./ 1. A married woman, a matron. 2. §A wife.
matronalis, o. adj. Belonging to a married woman, suited to a matron, of a
matron, matronly.
matronalia. n. pi. A festival celebrated by the matrons in honour of Man,
March 1
matta, ts./°. A mat.
Jmattea, SB./ A dainty dish, n cheese-cake.
maturate, adv. In haste, speedily.
maturatio, onis./ A hastening.
maturatas, a, am. part. pass. fr. maturo, q. v. Maturate opus est, there it
need of haste, of promptitude, Liv.
mature, adv. 1. Bt'times, early, speedily, quickly, soon. 2. Prema
turely. 3. Seasonably.
matuxesco. is, rui. e. ». To become ripe, to ripen, to come to maturity:
nbi nubilibus primum maturuit annis, as soon as she ripened into a mar
riageable age, Ov.
maturltas, atis. /. Ripeness, maturity, full growth, perfection : matnritu
gignendi, the full time for bringing forth, Cic; temporum nmturitatw. tie
development of the respective seasons, Cic.; maturitas temporum, the ripe:.-
ing of the corn in due season, Liv.; maturitas Galli, the ripe understand'^
of Gallus.
maturo, as. v. a. 1. To ripen, make ripe, bring to maturity. 8, Ta
hasten (c. ace. or c. infin.), to expedite, to accelerate. 3. To make hasiv.
ni Catilina maturassct siguum dare, if Catiline had not been t>o hasty in
giving the signal. Sail.; multa maturare dattir. there is an opportunity;:."
doing many things before they arc required, Virg.
riaturus, a, urn; supcrl. in Tac. maturrimus. adj. 1. Ripe, rcatsrr.
coine to its full time, of ripe age. 2. §Ripening (of the snn). 1
Seasonable. 4. Early, arriving before its usual or proper time : ecJ£3
magna pars matnra militine esset, the greatest part of whom were of a:r
for military Bervice. Liv.; nnimi maturus Aletes. Aletes of ripe judgment.
Vir%. ; cevi maturus Acestes,t!ic aged Acestes, Virg. ; (Out ) aetas matnrissi'xi.
early youth, Cic.; ego sum niaturior illo, I was there earlier than he, Ov.
Matuta, ae./ (also Mater Matuta). 1. Ino. 2. t§ Aurora.
JMatutinalis, e; more usu. matutinus, a, um. 1. Of the morning. 2.
Early in the morning, coming or doing anything early.
Mavors and Mavortius. Another form of Mars, Martins, q. v.
Maurus and Maurusics, a, um. adj. Mauritaniau, Moorish, African.
^maxilla, 89. / A jawbone, a jaw.
mazlme. adv. 1. .Most. 2. Excessively, very greatly. 3. Espe
cially. 4. (In replies) Certainly, by all means ; (when oriSTrer.s-:
another superl. ) the more : ut quisquc maxime opis indiget itt ei potuaroscr
opitalari, to help a person the more, the more he needs help, Cic.
+§maxlmlta». Greatness, magnitude.
maximus, a, um. superl. fr. mngnus, q. v.
mazSnomug, i. m. [ixa£ov6)ios.] A dish, a charger.
meatus, us. m. 1 . A going, a course, a progress, motion. 2. JA way,
a channel.
 MEC — MED 309
abl fr. ego, with cum joined to it.
ledeis, idis. adj./'. Of Medea, a Colchian princess and sorceress, who fled
with Jason to Greece ; such as Medea used, i. e. magical.
medens, entis. part, of seq., as ndat. A physician.
medeor, eris, no pert r. dp. To heal, to cure, to remedy, to relieve (c. dat.
of the disease or evil).
mediastinum, i. m. A common servant, a drudge.
jnedica, s. f. Clover.
medicabliis, e. adj. That can be cured, or relieved, curable.
medlcamen, inis. «., and medicamentum, in. 1. A drug, a medicament.
2. A medicine, a remedy. 3. A poison. 4. Any dye or paint to
embellish or adorn, a drug prepared to give artificial beauty, a wash, a
cosmetic
medicares, as. m. A medicament, a dmg.
aelicioa, as. f. 1. A medicine, a remedy. 2. The art of healing.
medico, as. v. a. 1. To medicate. 2. To stain, to dy& (esp. in pass,
part-): medicatus sornnus, sleep produced by drugs, Ov.
znedlcor, axis. c. dtp. To heal, to cure (c. dat. of the patient, or c ace. of
the eril).
jaedictui, a, tun. adj. Medical, medicinal, of or belonging to medicine or
healing.
rnedleos, i. >». A physician, a surgeon.
*medie. adv. Preserving a middle course, a neutrality; with moderation.
medietas, atis. / A middle place.
Eedimiium, i. n. [ps'Sifirof.] A Greek bushel, equal to 6 modii. q. v.
medidcris, e. adj. Middling, moderate, mediocre, ordinar}*, of moderate
size, ability, importance, etc.
mediocritas, atis. f. 1. A medium, moderateness. 2. Mediocrity,
small importance : aurea mediocritas, the golden mean, Ilor.
nediocriter. adv. In a moderate or slight degree, moderately : quod non
mediorriter ferendum videtur, which does not seem a thing to be passed
«n lightly, Cic.
Jmeditamentum, i. n. Practice, preparation : belli meditnmentn, exercises
to prepare men for war, Tac; nomina summa; curse ct meditamenta, nnmes
indicative of great care and of a preparation for some important design,
Tac.
meditatio, onis.y. 1. Meditation, contemplation. 2. Meditation on,
so as to prepare for, preparation (to do something).
mediterranens, a, urn. adj. Inland, midland.
mSditor, axis. r. dtp. (part, meditatus, often in pass, sense). I. To
meditate upon, to consider, to study. 2. To practise (sine c). S. To
plan, to contrive, to design.
medium, i. n. The middle : rem in medio proponere, to bring forward tho
matter publicly, Cic. ; dicendi ratio in medio posita, the principles of oratory
are open to all (in opp. to reconditx artes), Cic. ; in medio relinquam, I
will leave it undecided, Cic; rem in medium vocare cceperunt, they began
to require that the matter should be brought before a public tribunal, Cic;
venient in medium, they will come forward (to speak publicly), Cic;
verba e medio, language in ordinary use, Cic, Ov.; tollere de medio,
utterly to abolish, to destroy (a thing or a person), Cic; consul ite in me
dium, provide for the general welfare, Virg.; laudera conferentes in medium,
willingly giving the credit to tbe whole body, Liv.; in medium quaerebant,
they sought (to raise food) for the common stock, Virg.
mgdius, a, tun. adj. 1. The middle, the central, that which is in the midst :
medio colle, half-way up the hill, Cecs.; medius juvenum, walking in the
centre between the young men, Ov. 2. Keeping a middle course, mo
derate, impartial, neutral, undecided. 3. Ambiguous (of an answer).
4. Between both sides as a mediator. Idem pacis eras mediusque belli,
you were equally distinguished in peace and war, Hor. ; cum inter bellum
tt pacem medium nihil sit, since there is no medium between war and peace,
X S
310 MED-MEM
Cic; medium arripui, I seized hitu by the waist, Ter.; ne qua scire dol«
mediusve occurrere pofisit, that he may not be able to know this device, or
to come in in the middle and interrupt it, Virg.
meditu fidius (Fidius being a name of Jupiter). By heaven ! (abbreviated
from Ita me Delis Fiilius servet).
m5dulla,8B, dim. §mMttimila, SB./ ]. Marrow. 2. Pith. 3. Tie
inmost heart or feelings, the bottom of one's heart
Medus. a. um. adj. Median, of Media, a country adjoining Persia.
Medusaeus, a, um. adj. Of Medusa, the chief of the Gorgons : Medusa
signa equi, the footprint of Pegasus (the horse who sprang from the blood of
Medusa), Ov. ; victae Fonte Medusae surpassed by Hippocrene (the
fountain which was opened by a kick of Pegasus), Ov
Megalensia, or esia, inm. pi. n. The festival of Cybele, celebrated April 4.
^Meealesiacus, a, um. adj. Belonging to the Megalensia.
Megareus, and meg&rus, a, um. adj. Of Megara a city near Corinth.
^megistanes, um. m. pi. Eastern grandees.
tmeio. Is. v. n. To make water.
mel, mollis, n. 1. Honey, (inctaph.) sweetness, pleasantness. 2. (Asi
term of endearment) Darling.
melancholicus, a, um. adj. Atrabilious, melancholy.
melanurus, L m. [jte'Aoj oiyia.] A kind of sea fish.
tmelciilum, i. n. Darling.
Mellboeus, a, um. adj. Of Melihcea a Thessalian town, Thessalian.
Mellcertes. as. m. The son of Ino, changed into a sea-god.
milieus, a, um. adj. 1. Tuneful, melodius. 2. Lyric.
melllotus, i. m. A kind of clover.
mellmela, Oram. pi. n. Honey-apples.
fmelinus, a, um. adj. Of marten's skin.
tmellnns, a, um. adj. Of quince.
melior. comp. of bonus, q. v.
melisphylium, i. n. Balm, balmgentle.
miiliuscule. adv. Rather better, pretty well.
tmeliusculus, a, um. adj. Rather better.
Jmelleus, a, um. adj. Of honey.
§melllfer, era, erum. adj. Producing or making honey.
Ssmellifico, as. v. n. To make honey.
mellltus, a, um, and dim. fmellitulus, a, um. adj. 1. Of honey. -
Made with honey, sweet as honey. 3. Sweet, lovely.
melos. pi. mele, n. (only nom. and ace.) Melody, song, a tune.
melpomcne. es.y. The Muse of tragedy, and of lyric poetry.
membrana, SB. / 1. A membrane, a thin skin. 2. A skin of parci-
nient. 3. t A surface.
membraneus, a, um. adj. Of parchment.
membranula, S3. f. A parchment, a document written on parchment.
membratini. adc. 1. Limb by limb, piecemeal. 2, In short sen
tences.
membrum, i. n. 1 . A limb, a member. 2. A part, a division. 5-
A clause.
memet. ace. fr. egomet, q. v.
memmi. v. dtf. (see Lat Gr., only perf., pluperf., and 2nd Cut.). 1. To re
member, to recollect, c ace., more rarely c. gen. 2. To mention, c is
and abl. (rare). "
mSmor, oris, adj., no it. pi. 1. Mindful, recollecting. 2. §Htring »
good memory. 3. §Not to be forgotten.
memorabilia, e. adj. Deserving to be mentioned, memorable.
§mem5randus, a, um. gerundive of memoro; also as adj. Memorable.
gmemor&tor, 6ris. m. A relater.
t^memSr&tus, us. m. Mention.
mimiria, 83./ 1. Memory, recollection, remembrance. 2. A record,
a narrative : superiore memoria, in the recollection of old times, i. e. a .
 MEM—MEN 311
times. Cic; princeps hujoi memorise philosophomm, th* most eminent phi-
lesouher in the memory of the present age, Cic.
memoriola, a\/ Memory, recollection.
nenioriter. adv. From memory (to repeat, etc), by heart.
Bemoro. as. r. a. To bring to remembrance (of others), to record, to relate.
to mention (usu. c. ace or, very rarely, c. de and abL).
menda, m./. A fault, a defect, an error,
■indicium, dim. mendieiunculum, in. A lie, a falsehood.
Keadax. acis. a-lj. 1. Lying, mendacious, false-spoken, false. 2. De
ceitful, counterfeit, false (of things): fundusque mendax, and a farm that
disappoint* the hopes of its owner, Hor.; mendax damnum, an alleged ca
lamity wliich lias no foundation in truth, Ot.; mendax infuniia, undeserved
ignominy, Hor. ; ni. as skosI, a liar.
ntadicitas. mis./, Mendicity, begging,
tmendico, as, and -or, aril. p. dtp. To beg, to be a beggar : mendicatas
ptnis, bread obtained by begging, Juv.
aendicus, a, tun. adj. 1. In indigence, in a state of begcarv, needv.
2. Paltry.
nendicns, i. m. A beggar.
nendose, adc. In a faulty manner, incorrectly.
nendosus, a, am. adj. Faulty, full of faults (of persons or things), erro
neous, blundering, incorrect, wrong.
Qeidum, in. A fault, a blemish, a defect, an error.
stenelaus, i. m. A king of Sparta, whose wife Helen was carried off by
Pari*, son of Priam king of Troy, which caused the Trojan war.
Kesstiadea, 89. u. The son of Mencetius, Patroclns the friend of Achillea.
■Mm, us./ 1. The mind (esp. the intellect), the understanding, the
judgment. 2. Intention. '■'>. §Courage. Si meutis ossit sute, if he
had been in his senses, Cic; mentis compos, in his senses, Cic; mente
captos, mentis inops, out of his senses, beside himself, Cic, Ov.; vobisdent
mentem ut prohibeatis, may they give you an inclination to prevent it,
Liv.; ei venit in mentem. it occurred to him, Cic
neasa, as./ 1. A table (of any kind for any purpose, sometimes esp. a
banker's or money-changer's counter) : secunda mensa, alteris mensis, at
the second course, Cic, Hor.
ateasariua, i. m. A banker (esp. a public banker who regulated the paying
out of public moneys).
mensio, onia. / A measuring.
ncLsis. is. m. A month.
Denior. oris. m. 1. A measurer. 2. A surveyor.
nenxtruus, a, tun, and fmenstrualis, e. 1. Recurring every month,
monthly. 2. Lasting a month; (». menstruum as tubst.) a month's
provisions.
messura, se. / I. A measure, that by which anything is measured,
measurement. 2. That which is arrived at by measuring, sixe, magni
tude, extent, capacity, length, thickness, etc : qui tanti memuram nominis
miples, you who correspond to the expectations raised by so noble a name,
Ov.; nee consularis legati inensura sea in inajus omnia accipiebnntur, nor
nor were all his deeds judged of looking at him only as lieutenant of con
sular rank, but they were looked upon as indications of something greater,
Tac; ill i procedit rerum inensura tnanim, the greatness and glory of your
exploits passes over to her, Ov.
mensus. a. urn. part, from metior, q. v., in pan. sense. Measured.
centi. a»./ Mint.
mentiens, entis. part, from raentior; m. as suist A fallacy, a sophism,
nientio, onis./ Mention, a cursory speaking of a thing,
mentior, Iris, Itu sum. v. dtp. 1. To lie, to speak falsely, to be false.
2. To assert falsely, to promise falsely. 3. To countcrtelt, to pretend
(to be, or to have, what one is or has not) : quoniam proinii.it, honestius
mentietur, since he has promised, he will do better to break bis promise,
X 4
312 MEN—MER
Cic—perf.pari. sometimes in pais, aeiue, false: clypeos mentitaqoe ic'.i
agn stunt, they recognise the shields and arms which we had assumed
as a disguise, Virg.
mentitio, oma.f. Falsehood, deception.
mentum, La. A chin (esp. a bearded chin).
meo, as. c. a. To go, to proceed.
mephitis, is./ 1. Mephitic vapour. 2. JA Goddess who averts the
evil of such vapours.
meracus. a, um. adj. Pure, unmixed, unalloyed.
Smercabllis. e. adj. Purchaseable.
mercator, oris. in. 1. A merchant 2. A buyer.
mercatara. as./ Trade, traffic, commerce: cum mercaturns facerent, while
they were on a voyage of business, Cic; non est amicitia Bed mercator*
u'.ilitatum, that is not friendship but making a market of one's good
offices, Cic. ; ad quos ( Athenas et Cratippum) cum tannuam ad meres-
turam bonarum artium sis profectus, and as you have gone thither u t»
a mart of the liberal sciences, Cic
mercatus, us. m. 1. Trade, traffic, buying and selling. 2. A markc",
a mart, a fair.
mercedula, as./ 1. Small wages, poor pay. 2. Rent.
mercenarius, a, tun. adj. Mercenary, hired, to be got by hiring; (m. u
svbst.) a hireling, a servant : mercenarii testes, witnesses who have te -n
bribed, Cic. ; raercenaria vincla, the necessity he (Vulteius) was under
to earn his wages, Hor.
merces, edit./. 1. Wages, hire, pay, salary. 2. Reward. S. A
bribe. 4. Price. S. Rent, revenue : non alia bibam mercede, 1 will
drink at no other price, i. e. on no other condition, Hor.; debuisse graven)
temeritatis mercedem statui, (they said) that there ought to have been a
heavy punishment inflicted on their rashness, Liv. ; gnudeo te earn ftdeo
cognoscere hominum non ita magna mercede quam ego miximo dolcre cos-
noram, I am glad that you have found out the value of those promises at
leu cost than I who learnt it by my own bitter suffering, Cic; qninas hie
capiti mercedes exsecat, he deducts five per cent, interest (per month) from
the principal, Hor.
mercor, aria, c. drp. 1. To trade, to traffic. 2. To buy {ptrf. pari.
sometimes in pass, sense).
Hercurialis, e. adj. Of the God Mercury, sacred to Mercury : Mercuri-
alium custos virornm, the protector of lyric poets (because Mercury invented
the lyre), Hor.; frequentia Mercuriale imposuere mihi cognomen compita,
the crowds in the street gave me the name of Mercury (as being a clever
man of business, because Mercury was the God of gain); Mercuriales, the
corporation of traders, Cic
mcrda. as./ Dung.
t+m8renda, as./ A late luncheon.
Kerens, entis. pari. fr. inerco, as adj. 1. Deserving, deserving well,
meritorious, 2. §Guilty (with mention of the punishment or evil).
mSreo, es, ui. v. a., no pass., also mSreor, eris, Itus sum. v. dtp. 1. To
deserve, to merit. 2. To earn. 3. M. stipendia (stipendia often un
derstood), to serve for pay, i. e. to serve in the army, to be a soldier: qui-
cumque equo meruisset, whoever had served in the cavalry, Cic; ut omnes
pedibus lnererent, that nil should serve in the infantry, Liv.; quid arbitia-
mini Rheginos merere velle ut ab eis marmorea Venus ilia nuferatur, what
do you think the Rhegians would take to have that marble statue of Vena*
taken from them ? Cic; dixit te bene nicritum de populi R. nomine, he
said that you hud doue good service to the Roman people, Cic. See
ineritus.
mfirotricins, a, nm. adj. Of a courtesan, meretricious.
meretrix, lets. /, dim. meretricula, 83. /. A courtesan.
merges, itis. / A sheaf.
merijo, is, si, turn. v. a. 1. To dip, dip in, immerse, sirk. 2. To
 MER-MET S13
p!nnffp, or thrust (b thing) into. 3. To immerse in, overwhelm in :
memtqiie euos in corticc vultns, and she buried her face in bark (becoming
a tree), Ov. ; vino somnoque merai, stupifiVd by wine and sleep, Liv.;
memos secundis rebus, intoxicated by prosperity, Liv.; mergentilms sortem
usnris. as usurious interest was swallowing up his capital, Liv. ; quo
avidius in eas [voluptates] se merserant, the more eagerly they had plunged
into them, Liv.
mergus, i. m. A diver, a sort of seagull.
mc-rliiinns, a, m adj. 1. Of or belonging to midday; midday, at mid-
liar, at no-in. 2. ^Southern, southerly.
neridiatio, onis. f. A midday nap, a siesta.
oJittiea, ei. / 1. Midday, noon. 2. The south.
neridio, as. v. «., or meridior, aris. v. dtp. To take a midday imp.
aerito. adv. Deservedly, justly.
Darito, as. r. a. To earn.
mentorius, a, am. adj. 1 . Belonging to the earning of money, bringing
in money, to be hired or let for money. 2. Karning money by pros
titution; in. pi. as suist., rooms let for a short time.
meritum, i. n. 1. Merit, desert. 2. A service, a kindness done : millo
meo in se merito, though I have done nothing to deserve it (an impeach
ment) at his hands, Liv.
Eteritus, a, urn. part. per/, fr. niereor ; also in pass, sense as adj. De
served, due, fairly earned.
aiirops, 5pis. / A bee-eater.
ffierso, as. r. a. To dip in, immerse in, plunge in, overwhelm.
Stfirsus, a. tun. part, from mergo, q. v.
meritta, 89. /. 1. A blackbird. 2. A sea carp.
menial, i. n. Pare, unmixed, neat wine.
meras, a, am. adj. 1. Pure, unmixed, unalloyed. 2. Ileal, genuine.
3. Mrre : mero pede, with naked feet, barefoot, Juv.
Derz, cis. f. Goods, wares, commodities, merchandise : mala merx hac
esr, she is a bad bargain, Plant.
oesjis, is. f. I. Harvest, i. e. reaping, mowing, gathering in any kind
of produce. 2. The harvested crops, the crop when gathered in. 3.
Harvest time : sexagesima measis, the sixtieth year, Mart. ; adhuc tua
rcessit in herba est, your crop is as yet only in the blade, i. e. you arc
. too hasty in your expectations (you are reckoning your chickens before
they are hatched), Ov.
messor, oris. m. A mower, a reaper.
nussorius, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to a reaper or mower.
metE, &.f. 1. A cone, a conical post on a racecourse. 2. A turning-
post, a goal. 3. A boundary, limit, end, extremity : in hoc hVxu
quasi aetatis fama adolescentis pnullum hoesit ad metas, at this turning-
point of his nqe the character of the young man was in some degree
wrecked (struck against the post, a thing which in a race would upset a
chariot), Cic.
aitallum, i. n. 1. A mine. 2. That which is found in a mine,
metal : potior metallis, dearer than riches, than gold or silver, Hor.
oetitor, oris. m. One who marks out, or off.
1 metlculosns, a, im. adj. 1. Timid. 2. Frightful.
-actior, Iris, mensi.3 sum. v. drp.\perf. pari, sometimes in puss, sense. 1.
To measure, to measure out. 2. To measure by going over, to pass
along, to traverse : ni'tiens iter annuum, completing your annual journey,
Cat. 3. To measure with the mind, i. e. estimate, consider, judge of.
Eet3. is, msssni, messum. v. a. 1, To mow, to reap, to gather in any
kind of crop; purpureosque metunt (lores, and they extract the juice from
the purpie flowers, V'irg. 2. To cut off, to cut down, to mow down.
taster, oris. v. dtp.; once §moto. r. a.; pari, metatas sometimes in past.
ftn-e. 1. To measure out, to measure. 2. To lay out (ground, etc.}.
3. To pitch (a camp).
314 MET — MIL
metrlcus, a, urn. adj. 1. Relating to measurement. 2. Metrical.
metrum, i. «. [fiirpov.] Metre.
metuens, entis. part. fr. Beq.; also as tulj. c. compar., etc Fearhtg, fearful,
inclined to fear or reverence (c gen.).
metuo. is, ui (sup. only in Luci.) v. a. To fear, to dread, to regard with
awe or with anxiety (sometimes c. do and abl. of the object for which one
fears; sometimes c. &b and abl. of the quarter from which the danger is ap
prehended): inopi metuens formica s necue. the ant dreading (and there
fore anxious to guard against) an old age of want, Virg.
metus, Ha. m. Fear, dread, anxious fear, awe : hoc metuere, alteram in
metu non ponere, to fear one thing, but not to look upon the other as an
object of dread, Cic
mens, a, am. voc m. mi; but also §metu. My, mine, belonging to me,
done by me, etc. : Nero meus, my dear friend Nero, Cic; puto ease meum
quid sentiam exponere, I suppose it becomes me, or it is my place, to ex
plain what I think, Cic; tua et mea interest, it concerns both you and me,
Cic.
mica, re../'. A crumb, a grain, a little morsel.
mico, as, ui. no sup. r. n. 1. To move quickly with a quivering or
nickering motion. 2. To beat, to palpitate, to quiver, tremble (not
usu. of a person absolutely, but of the heart, etc.): micat auribus, he (a
horse) pricks up his ears, Virg. 3. To flash, to sparkle, to shine, to
glitter. 4. To play a game with the lingers (somewhat like the mora
of the present Italians), in which the two players stretched out some of
their fingers, and one guessed how many were stretched out in all: dignna
est quicum in tenebris mices, he is a man with wnom you may play mica in
the dark (i. e. he is a thoroughly honest man), Cic
.' micturio. la, no perf. r. n. To want to make water.
migratio, onis. /". Migration, removal, change of abode : cui (verbo) mi-
grationes in aliennm multee, which has many metaphorical meanings, Cic.
migro, as. v. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To emigrate, remove one's abode. 2.
To depart. 3. ( v. a.) To carry away, to transport (very rare). «. To
transgress, to violate.
miles, His. in. f. 1. A soldier, esp. an infantry soldier. 2. The body of
soldiers, the soldiery. 3. 5 Any one who takes service as a retainer, not
as a menial servant. 4. §A chessman. Rudis ad partus et nova miles
cram, I was inexperienced in childbirth, and new to the service, Ov.
Milesius, a, urn./. ; also Miletis. idis. Of Miletus, a city in Asia Minor '
csp. celebrated fur working in wool, spinning, etc., and for luxury: Milesaa
carmina (some read criminal, lascivious poems, Ov. : Miletis urbs, the city
of Tomos, a colony from Miletus, Ov.
milHaris, e. adj. Of or belonging to military service, war, or soldiers,
military: mil it. iris setas, the age at which men were reckoned fit to bear
arms (from 17 to 46), I.iv. —m. as subst., a soldier.
militariter. adv. In a soldierlike manner.
militia, SB./. Military service, warfare, war: domi militiseque, in the city
and in the field, Cic, I.iv. : banc urbanam militiam secutua est, be boa
adopted thia civil profession (of a lawyer), Cic; hiec mea militia est, this
is my line, Ov.
millto, as. t>. /;. 1. To be a soldier, to perform military service, to serve
as a soldier. 2,§To serve in any way, or in any kind of employment.
milium, i. n. Millet.
mille, in sing, inded., pi. millia, ium. 1. A thousand, either agreeing
with the subsu or followed by the subst. in the gen. 2. mille passuum.
or mille by itself. A mile.
milleslmus. a, um. adj. Thousandth.
milliarium, in. A milestone.
mi. lies. adv. A thousand tiniest
milvinus, a, um. adj. 1. Of a kite. 2. Greedy, rapacious.
milvus and gmiluus, i. m. 1. A kite. 2. A gurnet.
 MIM — M I N 315
avraj. ae; dim. mimula, se. f. A female actress.
HimaUonis, Idis /.' A Bacchante.
mimics, adv. Like an actor, or a farce, comically.
mimical, a, am. a-lj. Of or like an actor or a farce, comical.
mimos, i. m. 1. An actor of farces. 2. A farce.
mina, as./ [;«•«.] A Greek weight of silver, worth 100 drachmte, or nearly
J'., in Attica.
minaclter. adv. Menacingly, in a threatening manner,
mine, araxa.pl.f. 1. Threats, menaces. 2. §Pinnacles.
Smlaanter, adv. Menacingly, in a threatening manner.
minatio, o\:is.f. A threat, a menace,
minax, acis. adj. Threatening, menacing : minax scopulus, an overhanging
rock, Virg.
■Hmineo, es, no perf. v. n. To project.
Knerva, se. f. The daughter of Jupiter, who, as a Goddess, was the
patroness of almost every art and science : rusticus . . . crassaque Minerva,
a rustic, and one of strong plain sense, Hit.; tu nihil invita dices faciesve
Minerva, you will say and do nothing on which Minerva does not smile
(i. e. will always succeed), Hor. (Cic. explains the phrase generally : invita
ut aiunt Minerva, id est, adversante et repugnante natura; Invita Minerva,
as the saving is, that is, without nature having qualified me for it) : tolerare
colo vitam tenuique Minerva, to sustain life by the distaff and the humble
profits of spinning, Virg.
mingo, is, nxi, ctum. r. n. To make water.
mimanni, atus, and atulus, a, am. adj. Coloured with red lead, painted
red.
minlme. adv. In the least possible degree, least, not at all.
minimus, a, run. adj., superl. of parvus, q. v.
minister, tra. tram. adj. Serving, ministering, assisting ; (m.f. as raoaf.)
a servant, an assistant, a supporter, a minister, a subordinate helper of any
kind ; —f. a handmaid; baculo ministro, with a stick for your helper (or
support), Ov.
mlmsteriam, i. n. 1. Service, ministration, assistance, employment as a
i; mister, q. v. 2. J A suite of attendants.
sinistra, se./—See minister.
mlnistrator, oris. m. A servant, an assistant, a coadjutor.
ministro, as. v. a. 1. To attend upon, wait upon, attend to. 2. To
supply, provide, furnish, give : velisque ministrat (ratem), and puts up the
sails, or urges it forward or manages it with sails, Virg.; quod non medi-
corum jussa ministro, that I do not see to the execution of the commands
of the doctors, Ov. ; quod verba ministret, which may furnish me with
words, i. e. make me talk, Hor.; lima ministrat equis, the moon lights the
horses on their way, Prop.—past. 3rd sing, as impcrs. : quo commodius
tibi ministretur, that you may be attended upon more to your convenience,
Cic
mlaltabnndus, a, am. adj. Threatening, uttering menaces.
minitor, aria. v. dtp., and tminito, as. v. a. To threaten, to menace (c.
ace. of the evil threatened, dat. pers., or c. dat. only).
minium, i. a. Red lead, Vermillion.
Hindis. Idis f. The daughter of Minos, Ariadne.
Kindius and Minous, a, am. adj. 1. Of Minos king of Crete and after
wards a judge in hell. 2. Cretan.
minor, aris. v. drp. 1. To threaten, to menace (constr. same as mini tor):
gemimque minantur in coelum scopuli, and two rocks rise threateningly up
to heaven. 2. To promise boastfully.
minor, oris, eompar. fr. parvus, q. v.
^mintrio. is. r. n. To squeak.
mlnuo, is, ni, utom. v. a. 1 . To make smaller, to lessen, to diminish.
2. To weaken, to impair. 3. §To break into small pieces: minuends
est hacc opinio, this opinion must be removed, or put down, or refuted, Cic;
31G MIN—MI S
quibus controversias mitiui posse sperarent, by which they hoped that all
disputes might be terminated (or settled), Caw.; minnente testu, it «hb
tide, Cocs. ; censuram minuere parat, be prepares to diminish the authority
of the censor's wife. Lit.; quod non minuant mirarier omnes paalatim,
that people do not gradually diminish their wonder, or leave ofT wonderiwr,
Lncr.
minus. i"!r. Less, in a smaller degree : cum id minus contingent, as that
was not the case, Cic. ; sin minus, if it is not so, if you not do so, Of.—S*
quominus.
mlnusciilus, a, um. adj. Smallish, rather little.
Jsminutal, ills, n. A dish of minced meat
minfltatim, air. Bit by bit, in small pieces, clauses, etc.
minute, adv. Minutely.
minutus, a, nm. purl. pass. fr. minuo, but used as adj. c conrpar. Mr.
Little, small, minute, petty, trivial, insignificant, paltry.
MInyse, arum. pi. at. The Argonauts.
iniraWlis, e. <ilj. To be wondered at, wo"3erful, strange, admirable.
mlrablllter. adv. Wonderfully, Strang*' • , admirably.
mlrabnndus, a, um. adj. Wondering, full of astonishment.
miraculum, i. n. Anything strange, a wonder, a miracle: vigil incautioi
miraculo m:tgnitudinis in ens qui ierebant versus, the sentinel, incautiously,
through the surprise caused by the size of the beast, turning towards those
who were carrying him, Liv.
mlrandus. a, um. gerundive of miror; usndj. Wonderful, wondrous.
miratio, onis.y. Wonder, admiration.
niirator, oris. m.,f. -atriz, Icis. One who wonders at, who admires.
mire. adv. Wonderfully, in a wonderful degree, strangely.
mirif Ico. adv. Wonderfully, strangely, exceedingly.
miriflcus, a, nm. adj. Exciting wonder, wonderful, marvellous, singular,
extraordinary, (of degree, etc.) excessive.
mirmillo, onis. m. A kind of gladiator who wore a Gallic helmet with a fish
for his crest, and fought with a retiariuB or a Threz.
miror, aris. v. dcp. 1. To wonder at, to admire, 2. To wonder, to
be astonished, to be surprised.
mlrus, a, nm. adj. 1. Wonderful, wondrous, strange, extraordinary,
astonishing. 2. Admirable. 3. (Of degree) Excessive.
^miscellanea, orum. pi. n. A coarse dish of bashed meat, the food of
gladiators.
misceo, es, ui, mistum or mixtnm. c. a. [fiiyvvpi.] 1. To mix, to nrmgfe,
to unite. 2. To throw into confusion, disorder; to disturb, to embroil,
infect, &c. : .... miscetque viris, he advances and mingles with the men.
Virg.; ad preetoria densse miscentur, they assemble around the tent of
their general in crowds (spoken of bees), Virg.; vulnera mi scent, they give
and receive wounds, Virg.; necdum horridn tniscent prrelia, not aa yet do
they mingle in horrid fray, Virg.; inania murmura miscent, do they merely
(the thunder-clouds) make a confused ronr powerless to do hnrm? Virg.;
cum Mavors duhias miscet utrinque manus, when Mara brings armies
together in battle of doubtful result, Prop.
misellus, a, nm. adj. Wretched, unfortunate.
miser, era, erum. adj. Wretched, unfortunate, miserable.
mlserabilis, e. adj. 1. To be pitied, miserable, wretched. 2. Mourn
ful, plaintive, pathetic (of words, complaints, elcgiea, etc.)..— n. miserabilo
aa adv., miserably.
mlserablllter. adv. 1. Miserably, wretchedly. 2. In a plaintive tone,
pathetically.
mlserandus, a, nm, gerundive of miseror; used as adj. Miserable, wretched,
lamentable.
mlser&tio, 6nis. f. 1. Pity, compassion, commiseration. 2. A pa
thetic speech, a portion of a speech intended to excite pity.
mlsore. adv. Miserably, wretchedly, grievously.
 M I S— M I T 317
mlsereor, eris, sertus sum. r. ,/(;>., and t-reo, es. r. a. To pity, to com
miserate (c. gen.).—miseret and miseretur. r. impert.x eorum not miseret,
we pity them, Cic; cave te fratrutn misereatur, beware of pitying bis bro
th rs. Cic
Smliereseo, is, no perf. r. a. To pity, to compassionate : f3rd ting, as t'n-
ptrt. : te miserescat niei, pity me, Ter.
miseria. as./*. Misery, wretchedness, great affliction.
misericordia, ss./ 1. Pity, compassion. 2. A pathetic tone. 3.
Sorrow, grent anxiety (very rare).
mlsericors, dis. adj. Compassionate, pitying, merciful.
?mkerlter. adv. Plaintively, mournfully.
mlseror, axis, atus mm. v. dtp. \. To pity, to compassionate. 2. To
lament, to deplore.
missllis, e. adj. That may be shot, hurled, or discharged ; (n. as subsl.) a
missile weapon.
missio, oais.f. 1. A sending. 2. A shooting, a hurling. 3. Are-
leasing (from captivity), a discharging (from service, of soldiers, etc.), dis
missal : sine mission?, without allowing them (the defeated gladiators) to
qiit the field, Lir.j ante ludorum missionem, before the end of the games,
Cic.
misslto, as. c. a. To send repeatedly.
Jraissor, oris. m. One who sends, discharges, shoots.
missus, a, nm. part. fr. mitto, q. v.; esp. 1. Sent forth. 2. Uttered.
3. Discarded. Troja gens missa, a nation descended from the Trojans, or
originally sent forth as a colony from Troy, Virg.
missus, (is. in. 1. A sending, a despatching. 2. J A heat (in a race):
vix absunt nobis missus bis millc sagittac, they are scarcely distant from us
two thousand bow-shots, Lucr.
+§mistim. adv. Mixedly, promiscuously.
+traistura, as. f. A mixing, a mixture, a union.
mltella, te./. A head-dress, a kind of turban.
mite. adv. Gently, easily, courteously.
mitesco, is, no pert v. n. 1. To become soft, gentle, tame. 2. To be
come ripe.
Bltlfico, as. v. a. I. To soften. 2. To digest.
nitlgatio, onis. f. A mitigating, mitigation, rendering gentle.
mitigo, as. v. a. 1. To render gentle, moderate, soft; to appease, to miti
gate, to soften, to soothe. 2. To tame, to civilise. 3. To prepare
for cultivation, to render fertile, to cultivate, to clear (woody ground).
mltis, e. adj. 1. Soft, gentle, mild. ?.. Mellow. 3. Quiet, placid,
undisturbed, unruffled : mite solum Tiburis, the rich soil of Tivoli, Hor.
aitra, tt.f. [piTpa,] A turban.
mitratus, a, urn. adj. Wearing a turban.
ditto, is, mlsi, missum. v. a. 1. To send, to despatch, to send off, cause
to go, to let go. 2. §To send forth, to produce. 3. To dismiss (a
feeling), give over (a habit). 4. To forbear to mention, to pass over.
5. To release, to allow to depart, to set loose, to leave alone. 6. To
utter. 7. To hurl, to shoot, to discharge (missile weapons) : so in ra-
pidns perdita misit aquas she wretched threw herself into the rapid waters,
Ov ; Curio mlsi ut . . ., I sent word to Curitis to . . ., Cic; missos faciant
honores, let them not care about honours, Cic. (the usu. s-nse of this phrase;
but we also find) impetrare ut cohortes nd me missnm facias, to prevail upon
you to send me some cohorts, Cic. ; vos missos facio, I disband you all, Hist;
eum missum feci, I released him, Cses. ; sub titulum nostros misit lares, she
has caused my house to be put up for sale (see titulus), Ov. ; se . . . amba;
gentes setema in fcedera mittant, let both nations unite themselves in an
everlasting treaty, Virg.; vota enim facerctis ut in eos se potius mittcret,
for you would pray that he would rather attack them, Cic. ; haud ohscura.
cadens mittet tibi signa Bootes, Bootc3 when setting will show you no ob
scure signs, Virg.
 318 MIT— MOD
mitulus, in. A muscle, a limpet
moVOia, e. adj. 1. Ea«ily moved, movable. 2. Moving quickly, swiri.
3. Passing quickly, fleeting. 4. Easily excited, fickle, changeable, in
constant.
mobllltas, atis. /. 1 . Easiness of being moved. 2. Rapidity of mo
tion. 3. Changeablenew, fickleness, inconstancy.
mobilitcr. adv. 1. With rapid motion. 2. With a mind easily ex
cited : moliiliter excitari, to be easily excited, Ctes.
+ jmoblllto. as. r. a. To move, to move quickly.
moderabilis. e. adj. Moderate, easy to be restrained.
§moderamen, Inis. n. 1. Management. 2. A rudder.
StrnMeranter, and moderate and t§tim. adv. With moderation.
moderatio, onis./ 1. A restraining, governing, regulating, management
2. Regular arrangement, regularity. 3. Moderation.
moderator, oris. m. ; and / trix, tricis. A restrained regulator, governor,
director : moderator arundinis, a guider of a fishing-rod, an angler, Ov.
moderatus, a, am. part, of «eq., but used as adj. c. compar. etc. Moderate,
temperate, well regulated (of persons and things).
moderor, aris. atus nun. v. dtp., and fmodero, as v. a. 1. To set a
measure to, restrain (c. dat). 2. To regulate, to govern, direct (c aoc.).
(But the two meanings and constructions are difficult to distinguish from
each other.)
modeste. adv. With moderation.
m&destia, ae. / 1. Moderation. 2. Discretion, modesty. 3. Mild
ness, gentleness, (of the seasons, etc).
modestus, a, urn. 1. Moderate. 2. Kind, gentle, mild, courteous.
3. Modest, virtuous.
modlce. atlv. 1 . With moderation. 2. In a moderate degree, slightly;
id praemcrfitari ferendum modice esse, to consider beforehand that it should
be borne with equanimity, Cic.
mfidlcus. a, um. adj. 1. Observing a proper measure, moderate. -■
Easily satisfied. 3. Mediocre, middling (in number, magnitude, or im
portance): Grascis hoc modicum es% among the Greeks this is not very
common, Cic; modicus origiuis, a man of no very distinguished family. Tac
modificatus, a, um. pari. fr. modifico, inus. Modified, softened down.
modins. L m. (A Roman dry measure, nearly our) Peck : pleno medio,
abundantly, Cic.
modo. adv. l.Only. 2. If only, provided that (c. subj.). (In this sense
we also find si modo, and modo si; but when si is expressed it is usu. not
followed by subj. but by indie ) 3. (Qualifying an adj. or another adt.)
At all: qui modo tolerabilis conditione sit servitutis, who is in a condition
of slavery at nil tolerable, Cic. 4. With an iniper. verb modo is some
times hardly translatable, but adds force to the injunction : tu modo . . .
prsecipuum impende laborem, but mind you devote your chief labour . . .,
Virg. 5. Just now, lately. 6. modo modo, at one time
. . . at another, now . . . now: (the first modo is sometimes omitted) cum
Flaccus negarct profecto satis compotem mentis esse, modo . . . diceret, when
Flaccus first affirmed that he was out of his senses, and then (or presently,
or afterwards) said . . ., Liv. ; (and sometimes for the second modo some
other word,— aliquando, nunc, turn, etc. is substituted) sol modo accedens,
turn autem recedens. the sun atone time coming nearer, at another receding,
Cic. 7. non modo, not only ; but noil modo is also often used fur noa
modo non : quod mihi non modo irasci gravissima injuria accepta sed ne
dolere quidem impune liceat, because 1 not only am not allowed to display
my anger, though I have received most scandalous ill treatment, but not
even to exhibit my vexation, Cic; assentatio nc libero quidem diijiia est,
non modo nmico, flattery is not worthy of a freeman, much less (lit not only
tot) of a friend, Cic. 8. modo non. Nearly (lit only not so much),
^"almost. 9. modo ne. Provided not ; modo ne quis iltud absurdum re-
ondeat, provided no one gives (or only let no one give) that silly answer, Cic
 MOD — MOL 3J9
modulate, adv. In time, melodiously.
Cmodilatio, onis. /. Modulation, melody.
modulator, oris. in. A musician.
modalor, aria, atus sum. v. drp. 1. To modulate. 2. To keep time
to, to accompany in time (with another instrument, or with dancing), to
play or sing in time.—(part, per/.) modulatus, played in time, played (of
a lyre), Hor.; made melodious, Ov. (Met. 14428. d. 1.)
modulus, i. m. A measure, a meter.
modus. La 1. A measure, measurement. 2. Proper measure, i. e.
moderation, the mean. 3. Measure, metre, rhythm, (in. pi.) music
4. A limit, a bound : modum lugendi facere, to put an end to, to give over
mourning, Cic. 5. A manner, mode, way (in this sense abl. modo, and
in modum, after the manner of, i. e. like): servilem in modum (Cc),
serrorum modo (Liv.), like slaves ; si huinnno modo peccasset, if he had
committed any ordinary offence (*uch as men are apt to commit), Cic. ;
nulio modo, not at all, by no means, in no respect, Cic.
mcecha. ae. /'. [fwixv.] An adulteress.
moeehor, axis. v. dip. To commit adultery.
mcEchus. i. in. [tioixos. j An adulterer, a fornicator.
tjmceaera. tun. pi. n. An old form of munrra. Sec munus.
moenia, ium. pi. n. The walls of a city, fortified walls (used poet, of other
vails, even of the sides of a ship) : fusi per moenia Teucri, the Trojans
spread over the city (in their own houses), Virg.; aspice qui coeant populi,
que moenia dausis fermro acuant ports in me, behold what nations are
uniting, what cities (taken here for the whole body of citizens) with closed
gates are sharpening their swords against me, Virg.; Ditis magni moenia,
the palace of the mighty Pluto, Virg.; at pater omnipotens ingentia rucenia
coeli circuit, but the almighty either goes round the vast circuit of heaven,
Ov.
moereo, es, ui. no sup. r. n. and a. 1. (v. «.) To grieve, to mourn, to be
sorrowful. 2. (v. a.) To lament over, to grieve for, to bewail.
mosror. oris. m. Grief, mourning, sonow. lamentation.
mceste. adv. Sadly, sorrowfully, mournfully.
mowtltia, a)./., fmoestitudo, Inis./. Sadness, grief, sorrow.
mcEstus, a, urn. adj. Sad, sorrowful, mournful, grieving (not used of
events).
mola, as. /. 1 . A mill. 2. Grits, grains of spelt coarsely ground and
mixed in the salt which was strewed on victims.
molaris. 9. adj. Of a mill. — m.atsulat. 1. A mill-stone. 2. 'A
molar tooth, a grinder.
miles, is. / 1. A large mass. 2. A massive structure, a pier, a dam,
a mole, a foundation. 3. Greatness of size or quantity, bulk, weight :
tanta moles niali, such a vast calamity, Cic. 4. Labour, difficulty, exer
tion : non alias majori mole concursum, on no occasion was a more obstinate
fight seen, Tac. ; Vitellius tout mole belli secuturus, Vitellius about to
follow with the main body of the army (including all the supplies and
munitions of war), Tac.
m61este. adv. In a troublesome manner, vezatiously : moleste fero, to be
annoyed at (c. ace. and iufin. or c. quod) ; exercitum hiemare in Gallia
moleste ferebant, they were annoyed at the army wintering in Gaul, Cm.
molestia, ae. /. 1. Annoyance, trouble, vexation. 2. Tiresome affecta
tion (of style, etc.).
molestns, a, tun. adj. 1. Troublesome, annoying, vexatious. 2. La
boured, affected (of style, etc.) : otium Catulle tibi molestum est, idleness
is a bad thing for you 0 Catullus, Cat.
mailmen, Inis. n. Effort, exertion, attempt, endeavour: magna tenent illud
rerum molimina numen, a great weight of affairs engages the attention of
that Deity (Csesar), Ov. ; res suo ipsa molimine gravis, the matter which
from its own nature and importance could only proceed slowly, Liv.
molimentum, L n. Effort, exertior, attempt : motu parvi molimenti adini
320 MOL— MOM
niculis, moved by appliances of small power, Lit.; eo minoris molimenti
ea claustra ease, that that barrier required the leas labour, Liv.
molior. Iris, itus sum. r. dtp. 1. To exert oneself, to labour, to suite:
de occupnndo regno nioliens, striving to seise the supreme power, Cic
2. To attempt, to prepare to execute, to commence, to undertake to do,
to bring about 3. To set in motion in any way, to move, to work upon
(the soil, as a ploughman), to guide (reins, as a charioteer), to hurl (thun
derbolts, etc.), to raise, to weigh (anchor), to break open (doors. Tad, to
rouse (oneself from sleep), to wield (a weapon), to excite (feelings). 4.
To ninke, to build, to plan : moliturque locum, and he settles the ground-
plnn (for building), Virg.; jam molire animum qui duret, now form you:
mind with accomplishments which may last, Ov.; viam clypei molita per
eras, f -reins its way through the edges of the shield, Vire.; insidias aviiws
molri, to lay snares for birds, Virg.; lsetos molire trinmphos, prepare to
celebrate a joyful triumph, Ov.; fidasn moliri coepit, he began to attack (to
seek to undermine) the public credit, Liv.; molitur crimina et accusatorrat,
she trumps up an accusation and suborns an accuser, Tae.
molltio, onis. f. 1. A making, a building (the act). 2. Demolition.
molltor, oris. m. A builder, a maker, a contriver, an author.
molleieo, is, no pcrf. v.n. 1. To become soft. 2. To become humane,
civilised.
Jsmollicellus. and SmolHculus, a, nm. adj. Soft, tender, delicate.
mollio, is, ivi, it urn. v. a. 1. To soften, to make soft, gentle, mild.
2. To enervate, to render effeminate, to weaken. 3. To restrain, to
check, to appease: ad inolliendum clivum, to rendering the ascent more
gentle and easy, Cffis.; ut raolliat ipse pcenam, that he may lighten the
punishment, Ov.
§mollipes, edis. adj. With soft feet
mollis, e. aqy. J. Soft, tender, delicate, pliant, flexible. 2. Gentle,
mild (of manners, the seasons, an ascent, etc). 3. Effeminate, enervated,
unmanly, weak (of a bow weakened by being kept strung too long), Ov.
4. (Rare) Changeable, inconstant: molles versus, tender, or amatory poena,
Ov. ; veniet votis mollior hora tuis, an hour will come more propitious to
your prayers, Ov.
moUiter. adv. Softly, gently, delicately : quod ferendum est mollius. which
must be borne with greater patience, Liv.; nimis mo!lit*r sgritudineai
pati, to bear vexation with too weak a spirit. Sail.; mollius radem ills
abnuere, to refuse the same proposal less firmly, Liv.; ne quid per rxietom
. . . mollius consulerelur, lest they should come through fear to any abject
resolution, Liv. ; amici mollius interpretabantur, friends put the most
favourable construction (on what was written), Tac.
mollltia, co. /, and mollities, ei. / 1. Softness, flexibility. 2. De
licacy, tenderness, gentleness. 3. Effeminacy, weakness: mollitU cor
poris, personal profligacy, Tac
mollltudo, inis. / 1 . Softness, flexibility. 2. Tenderness, delicacy.
ttmolo, is, ui, Itum. t>. a. To grind.
Molorchus, i. in. A vinedresser near Nemea, who entertained Hercules
when on his way to attack the lion : luci Molorchi, the Nemean forest,
Virg.
Molossus, a, nm. adj. Of the Molossi, a tribe of Epirus ; (in. as raosO a
mastiff.
tSmomen, Inis. ». [moveo.] Movement, motion, impulse.
momentum, i. «. 1. Movement motion. 2. Regularity of motion.
3. Alteration. 4. A moving cause, motive : perpendens momenta ofii*
riorum omnium, weighing the motives which lead to undertaking every
kind of duty, Cic. 5. Importance, influence, weight : quorum adventtu
hoc momenti fecit, whose arrival had this effect (or influence), Liv. ; quants
potes prabo nostra momenta saluti, contribute as much ns you can (give
all the aid you can) to my preservation, Ov. ; momenta Leouis, the iatlu
 MON-MOE 321
mce (or the power) of Leo, Hor. 6. JA very small portion, a particle.
/". A moment of time, an instant.
Hona, se. /. The Isle of Man, Cass., the Isle of Anglesea, Tac.
monedftla, a./. A jackdaw.
moneo, es, ni, Itum. r. a. 1. To remind. 2. To admonish, to warn
( c. gen., ace, or c. de and abl. rei ; Jc. gen. rei, oftener c. ut and subj., or
c. subj., or c. ne and subj.). 3. To give warning of, (as an oracle) to
b'miiw. 4. To teach, to instruct. 5. JTo punish.
moniris, is. f. [jtoWjoTjs.] A ship with one bank of oars.
moneta, se. / 1. The mint 2. Coin, money. 3. % Coinage,
stamp.
monetalis , e. adj. Of or belonging to the mint.
monile, is. n. A necklace, a collar (for a horse, even).
monitio, onis. f. Admonition, warning,
monitor, Sris. m. 1. One who aMmonishes, who warns, who reminds.
2. A servant to remind his master of people's names, a nomenclator.
monltum, i n.. and monitus, U3. m. 1. An admonition, a warning,
Soften a prophetic warning.
XonoBcua, i. wi. A name of Hercules : arx Monceci, a harbour near the
Gulf of Genoa, now Monaco,
monogrammua, i adj. m. [fx6rosypanix-/i.] Consisting merely of an outline,
thadowy.
monopodium, i. n. [u6vos robs.] A table with only one leg.
Bona, til. tit. A mountain (lit. and raetaph.) : aqua; mons, a ware as high
as a mountain, Virg. ; hie Tusculanus mons, this immense building at
Ttuculuni, Cic
fmonstratio, oms.f. A showing,
monstritor, oris. m. One who shows, an inventor : monstrator hospitii, one
who shows hospitality, Tac
monstratns, a, um. pari, of seq.; also t Distinguished, made conspicuous,
monstro, as. v. a. 1. To show, exhibit, display. 2. To indicate, to
be a sign of, to prove. 3. To appoint. 4. To show the way to do,
i. e. to advise, to prompt (a course of action). 5. (J In pass.) To be in
formed against.
nonstruose. adv. In a strange or monstrous manner.
Bonstruosns, a, am. adj. Monstrous, preternatural.
monstrum, in. 1 . An omen, a portent, a prodigy (which shows the
will of the Gods). 2. A monster, a monstrosity. 3. A marvel, a
strange thing.
montanus, a, um. adj. 1. Of a mountain, belonging to, coming from, living
on a mountain. 2. Mountainous; (ro. pi. as tubsl.) mountaineers; (n.
pi. as subst.) a mountainous district
jmonticola, 89. m.f. An inhabitant of mountains.
montivagus, a, um. adj. Wandering among mountains,
mostu&sus, a, um. adj. Mountainous.
monumentom, i. n. 1. A memorial, a monument, anything built as a
memorial, or that serves as a memorial (a gift, a record, a memoir, an
honour done, etc.). 2. A tomb.
Mopsopiua, a, tun. adj. Athenian (Mopsopia was an old name of Attica).
cora, 85. f. 1. Delay. 2. An obstacle, impediment hindrance. 3.
A pause : longa fuit medii mora temporis, a long space of time intervened,
Ov.
nora. ae. f. [uipa.] A division in the Lacedaemonian army,
ctdralia, e. adj. Relating to manners or morals,
ffiirator, oris. m. A loiterer, one who causes delay (esp. by speaking
against time),
moratua, a, tun. adj. [mos.] 1. Of such and such manners or character :
viri bene morati, men of excellent character, Cic. 2. Preserving cha
racter, characteristic (of a play, a poem, etc.).
-:morbIdu«, a, tun. adj. 1. tCausing disease. 2. {Diseased.
T
322 MOE-MOS
morbosus, a, Tim. adj. Diseased, sick.
morbus, i. m. 1. Disease, sickness. 2. (Metaph.) Disease of tie
mind, a vice, a failing : morbus regius, tke jaundice, Hor.
mordaclter. adv. In a biting manner, sharply.
mordax, acis. adj. 1. Biting, apt to bite. 2. Stinging, cutting deeply.
3. Sharp-flavoured, bitter. 4. Satirical, snarling, fond of attacking
people, bitter (of satirists or of anxiety, etc.).
mordeo, es, momordi, morsum. v. a. 1. To bite, to champ, to eke».
2. To eat. 3. To take firm hold of (as a clasp, etc). 4. To sting,
to attack, to torment (lit. or by lampoons, etc.). 5. To cut (as frost
does, etc.), to make a deep impression, to consume (as care, anxiety, lore,
etc.) : rura qua; I. iris quieta mordet aqua, the fields which the Guigluno
traverses with gentle stream, Hor. ; humum momordit, he bit the dust, i. t.
died, Virg.
mordlcus. adv. By biting with the teeth : mordicus tenere, to hold tena
ciously, firmly, Cic.
moretum. i. n. A kind of salad.
moribundus, a, um. adj. 1 . Dying. 2. |Subject to death, mortal
morigeror, aris. v. dep., and f-gero, as. v. a. To comply with, to humour,
to pratify (c. dat.).
+m6rlgerus, a, um. adj. Complaisant.
Morini. orum. pi. m. A tribe of Belgic Ganl.
", mono, onis. m. [pupbs.] A fool, a blockhead.
morior, eris, mortuus sum, mori, mSriri ; once in Ov. v. dep. To die, to
perish; (of fire, etc.) to go out; (of reports, feelings, etc.) to pass away; (of
flowers) to wither.
mormyr, yris./ A kind offish.
moror, aris, atus sum. v. dep. tmoro, as. v. a. 1. To delay, to tarry,
to loiter, to linger, to stay. 2. To retard, to detain, to take up the time
of, to check. 3. (With a negative) To care about, to regard: nihil moror
eos salvos esse, I have no objection to their being saved, Cic; nihil moror
quominus decemviratu abeam, I do not wish to delay resigning the c?
cemvirate, Liv.; 3rd sing, fa pass, impers. (once), ita diu ut plus bienoium
in his tricis moretur, so long that full two years will be spent in its
trifling, Cic
morose, adv. Morosely, peevishly.
morosus, a, um. adj. 1. Morose, peevish, fretful, ill-tempered. 2.
tjMaking fretful (as sickness).
mors, tis. /. 1. Death. 2. A dead body, a corpse.
1 morsiuncula, 89./ A gentle biting, a kiss.
§morsum, in. A bit, a morsel.
morsus, US. m. 1. A bite, the act of biting. 2. § Eating. 3. A
firm hold (as that of a clasp, an anchor, etc). 4. A biting attack, a biting
lampoon. 5. A sting (of pain, etc.), a sharp pain. 6. {A bitter
taste, a sharp flavour: acriores morsus sunt intcrmissse libertatis quint
retentaj, and the vengeance taken on tyrants by a people whose liberty
has been interrupted is fiercer than the hatred borne them by people who
have always preserved theirs, Cic
mortalis, e. adj. 1. Subject to death, mortal, perishable. 2. Made
by a mortal, by a man, inflicted by a man ; in any way belonging to or
affecting a man, human : nee mortale sonans, uttering a sound not like
that of a human voice, Virg. ; mortales inimicitias habere, to regard one'*
enmities as transitory, Cic; (m. pi. as subst.) mortals, men, mankind; (§*■
pi. as subst.) ghuman affairs.
mortalltas, atis. ./'. Mortality, a being subject to death : crcditus est marts-
litatem explevisse, he was believed to have died, Tac
raortlfer, Sra, erum. adj. Bringing death, deadly.
mortuus, a, um. part. per/, from morior, q. v. j m. as subst. A dead man.
morum, i. n. A mulberry or blackberry.
moras, i./. A mulberry tree.
mos, moris. m. 1. Manner, custom, habit, fashion. 2. (In pL) Manners,
 MOT-MUL 323
morals, character and disposition : varium cceli preediscere mnrem, to learn
beforehand the varied character of the climate (of different places), Virg.j
pacisque iraponere morem, to impose (on nations) the laws and settled
institutions of peace, Virg.; in morem venerat, it had become customary,
Li v. ; [terra] supra morem densa, [soil] unusually stiff, Virg. ; morem gero
(c dat), to comply with the wishes of, to humour, to gratify; geram tibi
morem, I will do as you wish, Cic all. more, and in morem, after the
manner of, like.
motio. onis./. 1. Moving, motion. 2. An emotion or affection of the
mind.
Smoto, as. v. os. To moTe, to set in motion,
'motor, oris. m. One who mores, who sets in motion.
motus. us. m. ] . A moving, a motion. 2. Motion of the body, gait,
gesture, gesticulation: motus Ionici, the steps of the Ionian dance, Hor. ;
Cereri dat motus incompositos, be dances a rude dance in honour of Ceres,
Virg. 3. A movement, an evolution (of troops). 4. A movement in
the mind, an emotion, affection, feeling. 5. A commotion, disturbance,
a stir, a revolution : motus senilis, a rising of the slaves, Liv. ; motus ex-
cepit prima futures, she was the first to become aware of his intended de
parture, Virg.
Slovens, entis. part, of seq. ; as adj. Movable.
moveo, es, movi, motom. v. a. 1. To move, to set in motion. 2. To
remove, to drive away, to dislodge, to strike (one's camp), to expel, to
degrade (from the senate, etc) : nee ante moverunt de sententia Consulem,
nor did they persuade the Consul to change his opinion, Liv. 3. To put
in motion, (feelings, i. e.) to excite, to awaken, to cause, to give birth to.
4. To begin, to undertake. 5. To trouble, to harass, to throw into dis
order. 6. To change. 7. To influence, to affect, to agitate (the
mind, etc), to make an impression on, to rouse, to excite. 8. §To
strike (a musical instrument). 9. (As v. ».) (very rare) To move : multa
movens animo, revolving many things in my mind, Virg. ; nunc agrestem
Cyclopa movetur, now he dances in the character of a clownish Cyclops,
Hor.; praecepit eis ne se ex eo loco moverent, he enjoined them not to
move from that place, Liv. ; de palmite gemma movetur, a bud is put
forth on the vine, Ov.
box. adv. 1 . Soon, presently, immediately. 2. Soon after,
^mflxldus, a, tun. adj. Mouldy, musty.
■aero, onis. m. 1. A sharp point or edge. 2. A sword. 3. +§An
end. 4. Sharpness, severity : hie est nmcro defensionis tus, this is the
chief point of your defence, Cic
mucus. L m. Mucus.
mfigil. His, and mugllis, is. m. A mallet
mfiginor. aris. r. dtp. To dally, to waste time in trifling,
mugio. Is. r. a. 1. To low, to bellow as cattle. 2. To make any loud
noise, to bray (as a trumpet), to rumble (as the ground in an earthquake),
to creak or groan (as a mast in a storm) : mugientium greges, herds of cattle,
Hor.
mugitus, us. m. 1. A lowing, a bellowing of cattle. 2. Any loud
noise,
mula, ae./ A mule.
mulceo, es, si, stun. r. a. 1. To stroke, to pat 2. To caress, to soothe,
to delight 3. To quiet, to appease, to allay (pain, etc): virga mulcere
eapillos, to touch his hair lightly with her wand, Ov.; tepentibus auris mul-
cebant zephyri flores, the zephyrs lightl ytouched the flowers with their
cool breezes, Ov.
Xulciber, bri. m. A name of Vulcan,
mulco, as. v. a. To beat severely, to maul, to illtreat, to handle roughly
(even of one ship attacking another),
mulcts, or multa, m. j. 1. A fine, a penalty. 2. Damage,
mnlctatio, Onis./. A fine, a penalty.
Tl
324 MUL
rr.ulctatitius, a, urn. adj. Of, belonging to, derived from a fine.
mulcto, as. i\ a. 1. To punish, prop, with a tine, to fine (cabl. of the peraltr,
sometime! c. dat of him for whose benefit the fine is exacted). -. To
deprive of (c. abl.) : Antiochum majoret nostri Asia mulctarunt, oar ances
tors punished Antiochus with the loss of Asia, Cic 3. tTo endure as
a punishment.
muktra, cs. /. and mulctrarium or molotrale, is. n. A milk-pail.
mulgeo, es, li or xi, ctum. v. a. To milk : rr.ulgeat hircos, let him mi.k
he-goats (i. e. try something stupid and impossible), Virg.
muliebris. e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to woman, female, feminine, womanly.
2. KfTeminate.
muliebrlter. adv. Like a woman, timidly, weakly.
mulier. cris, and dim. muliercula. as./ 1. A woman. 2. A wife.
mulierarioa, a, am. adj. Of a woman, sent by a woman.
mulierositas, atis. / Fondness for women.
mulierosus, a, am. adj. Fond of women.
; mfi li n u s, a, am. adj. Of a mule.
* mulio, onis. m. A muleteer, a muledriver.
mulionius or nicus, a. tun. adj. Belonging to a muleteer.
mullus, i, and mullulua, i. tn. A mullet.
mulsus, a, am. part. pass. fr. malceo. fMixed with honey, sweet ; / at
sul/st., (a term of endearment) darling ; n. as sabst., mead.
multa — See mnlcta.
1 Smultangnlus, a, am. adj. With many angles.
-|-§raulteslnms, a, run. adj. Very email, very trifling.
§mnltTc&vu8, a, am. adj. With many holes.
Jmulticia. orom. />/. n. Transparent, sp'endid garments.
multif ariam. adv. On many sides, in many quarters.
gmultifidus, a, am. adj. [findo]. Cloven into many sections, parts, cr
points.
multiformis, e. adj. Many-shaped, various, manifold.
iimultiforus, a, am. adj. Having many holes (of a Ante).
1 j mul tlgenus, a, am. adj. Of many kinds, various.
multijugus, a, am, and -is, e. adj. 1. Yoked together in numbers (of
horses). 2. Numerous, manifold, many.
multlmodis. adv. In many ways, in various manners.
multimodus. a, am. adj. Manifold, various.
multiplex, icis. adj. 1. Havingmany windings (as a serpent, a labyrinth,
etc.). 2. Manifold, numerous, many. 3. Various, variable, change
able. 4. Versatile : multiplex quam pro numero damnum est, the loss
was many tiroes greater than might have been expected from the number
of combatants, Liv.
ginult iplicabllis, e. Manifold.
mult lpliciter. adv. In many ways.
multlpllco, as, avi, atom. v. a. To multiply, to increase, to augment
n Smultisonus. a, am. adj. Giving forth great sound, loud.
multitude., inis. /. 1. A multitude, a great number. 2. A multitude of
people. 3. People in general, the common crowd, the mob.
§multIvolus, a, am. adj. Wishing for many things.
multo. <flr. 1. By much, by far, by a great deal (c. compar. and super!.).
2. (With an other adv., secus aliter, ante, etc) Much, far: multo ante
long before, Cic
multum. adv. Much, very much, very greatly, far : (compar.) plus, more ;
(supeil.) plurimum, most, very much.
multus, a, urn. (comp. plus, q. v. ; superl. plurimus, q. v.). I. Mncb.
m;iny, very abundant, in great quantity, great. 2. Diffuse, prolix.
3. Frequent, frequently doing anything, constantly present 4. +Tedkms:
nomen nostrum multum est in his locis, my name is often honourably men
tioned (or is of great influence) here, Cic. j [Marius] antea jam infeiuu
nobilitati tun! vero multus et ferox instare, [Marius] wbo had before tkis
 MUL—MUN 325
been hostile to the nobles, now began to attack them with great energy and
fierceness, Sail.; unua e multis, one of the populace, a common person, Cic;
ad multum diem, till late in the day, Cic. ; multo denique die, at Inst,
late in the day, Cses. ; multo adhuc die, early in the day, (lit.) while
there waa still much of the day remaining, Tac. ; ne limlta, not to say too
much, in short, Cic. ; in teneris consuescere multum est, it is of great im
portance that the habit should be fixed in them while tender and young,
Virg. ; vrliit multu pace, as if in a general peace, Tac ; quam minima
multa, as few aa possible, Nep. ; [n. pi. as adv.) multa gemens, heavily
groaning, Virg. com par. plus, not used in sing, as agreeing with a sidist.,
but rather as su/ist. or as adv. c. gen. 1. More : quod plus est, what is
more, Liv. ; vultis pecuniae plus habere, you desire to have more money,
Cic. ; (c alL) non plus duobus aut tribus mensibus, not more than two or
three months, Cic.; or (even when quam is not expressed), with the ncun
in the case in which it would be if quam were expressed (gee Eton Lai.
Gr. 46. A.) : cum plus annum seger fuisset, when he had been ill more than
a year, Liv. 2. Gen. ting., with verbs of buying, selling, valuing,
esteeming; of greater value (pretii being understood), of more importance :
hie pluris habetur quam L. Trebellius, he is considered of more weight than
L. Trebellius, Cic; sic vendas omnia pluris, may you sell everything dearer,
Hor. 3. (pi.) plures. ra, rium, etc. 1. More. 2. Many. (mprrl.)
plurimus, a, tun. 1 . Most, the greatest part. 2. Many, very many,
very abundant 3. Frequent, frequently doing, etc.: Arcadiis plurimus
ille jugia, he (Pan.) frequently haunting the hills of Arcadia, Ov. ; in toto
plurimus orhe legor, I am constantly read all over the world, Ov. ; plurima
qua sylva est, where the wood is thickest, Ov. ; plurimus . . . Argos dicet,
many an one will celebrate Argos, Hor.; (pen.) plurimi (with the verbs of
baying, selling, valuing, etc.), of great value, of the greatest value : quern
unum Alexander plurimi fuerat, whom Alexander esteemed most exceed
ingly, Nep. : n. plurimum, as adv., very much, greatly, exceedingly.
aultu, i. m. A mule.
mundantu, a, urn. adj. Of the world.
tmunde and tmundlter. adv. Cleanly, neatly.
Dundltia, 83, and -ties, ei. /. Cleanness, neatness, elegance.
mundus, a, um. adj. Clean, neat, elegant (lit. and metaph.).
mundus, i. m. 1. The world, the universe. 2. §The world, >. e. the
inhabitants of the world. 3. (The original sense, but rare) The toilet,
decorations, dress (of a woman) : nempe habeo in mundo, I have it in
readiness, Plaut.
Cmungrarius, i, and ^numerator, oris. m. The giver of a show of gla
diators.
munero. as. v. a., and muneror. r. dtp. 1. To present (c. ace. pers. abl.
of the gift). 2. (In dep.) To give, to bestow.
mania., n. pi. (only nom. and ace. ). Duties, official duties.
mftnlceps. Ipis. m.f. 1. An inhabitant or citizen of a municipium, q. v.
2. A citizen, a fellow citizen, a fellow 'countryman : municipes Jovis
lagenae, flagons the countrymen of Jupiter, i. e. Cretan, Jur.
mdnlcipalis, e. adj. Belonging to a municipium, q. v. Municipal.
municipium. La, A town (in Italy) subject to Rome and possessing most
of the rights of citizenship; but (in most cases) governed by its own laws.
See Smith, Diet. Ant. in voc. colonia.
muntflce. adv. Munificently, bountifully, liberally.
munlf icentia, te. f. Munificence, liberality.
munlflcus, a, um. adj. (compar. entior, etc.) [munus facio.] Bountiful,
liberal, generous.
fmunimen, Inis. n. ; and munimentum, Is, A fortification, defence, pro
tection, rampart, entrenchment.
munio, It, ivi, Itutu. v. a. 1. To fortify with a wall, to fortify, to put in
a state of defence. 2. To defend, to protect (from any kind of evil).
3. To secure, maintain in security, to support. 4. To make, to pave (u
T3
326 MUN—MU S
road) : haec omnia tibi accusandi viam muni, bant, all these things were pre
paring the way for your accusation, Cic.
munitio, onis. .''. 1. A fortifying, an erecting of fortifications. 2. A
making, paving, repairing (of rinds). 3. A fortification, a rampart, an
intrrnchment : munitiones rianim et flnminum, making roads and bridges
over the rivers, Tac.; multnm munitionis, a great poriion of the wall, Xep.
munitor, oris. m. A fortifier, a builder of fortifications, an engineer : Troje
monitor, the builder of Troy, Apollo, Ov.
muni t us, a, um, part. pass, of munio; also as adj. (c. compar. etc). Strongly
fortified, protected, safe, secure.
minus, eris. n. 1. An office, duty, function, service : solitudinis rearms,
a work (literary) executed in retirement, Cic ; tuum est hoc munus, this
is your business, Cic. 2. A gift, a present : munera Liberi, the gift of
Bacchus, i. e. wine, Hor. ; quicunque terra; munere vesciraur, all of us who
lire on the fruits of the earth, Hor. ; egregias aninias . . . decorate supre-
mis muneribus, pay the last honours to (lit. compliment with the last
honours) those illustrious souls, Virg. 3. A kindness, a service. 4.
A public show, exhibition, entertainment (esp. of gladiators).
munusculum, i. «. A small gift, a small present.
Munychius, a, um. adj. [Mourvxtov.] 1- Of Munychiuni, a port of
Athens. 2. Athenian.
mursena, m.f. A lamprey.
muralis, e. adj. Of, belonging to a wall ; mural, fit for, or need for at
tacking or undermining walls : muralis corona, a crown given for being the
first to scale the walls of an enemy's town, Liv. ; the crown of towers on
the head of Cybele, Lucr.
mflrex, Icis. m. 1. The purple fish. 2. §The shell of the purple fish.
3. The purple dye obtained from the fish, purple. 4. §A pointed nek.
5. J A caltrop.
muria, m.f. Salt pickle, brine.
fmuricidus, i. in. A man with just courage enough to kill a mouse, a
coward.
murmur, firis. a. A murmur, a deep low noise, a growl, a nimbi ing noi«e,
§any sound, even of musical instruments, or the hum of bees : murmur*
famro, the whispers of fame, Prop.
murmuro, aa. v. n. To murmur, to mutter, to give forth a low, deep sound,
to rumble, to roar (as the sea).
i murrha, 89. f. A stone of which precious vessels were made, a kind of
agate.
murrheus, a, tun. adj. Made of murrha.
munis. Ln, 1. A wall (esp. of a city). 2. $A rim. 3. (Metaph.)
A bul wark, a protection, a safeguard.
mus, muris. m.. and %f. [/*«.] A mouse.
Musa, as. / [Movo-a.] 1. A Muse. 2. A poem, a song: refero me
ad mansuetiores Musas, I return to more humane studies, Cic
musca, m.f. A fly.
*muscarium, i. ». A fan to drive away flies.
rTmuscipula, m.f. A mousetrap.
muscosus, a, um. adj. Mossy.
muaciilnj, Ln, 1. A little mouse. 2. +A muscle (shell fish). •"•
A shed, a mantelet, a covered way.
muscus, i. m. Moss.
musica, as, and imisice, cs./. [poiio-nrr).] Music.
muslcus, a, um. adj. 1. Of music, musical. 2. fOf poetry, poetics!;
in. as subsi. a musician.
musslto, as, and musso, as. v. n. 1. To speak in a low tone, to mutter,
murmur, grumble. 2. To hum (as bees). Mussat rex ipse [dtinns q"»
generos vocet, king Latinus hesitates which to take for his son-in-law, Virc
Jmustaceus, i. m. or -ceum, i. ». A wedding cake mixed up with new wise
and baked on bay-leaves.
 MU S—MYS 327
ianstela, as, and Jmustecula, as./ A weasel.
traustellnus, a. urn. adj. Of a weasel.
t^masteus, a, urn. adj. 1. Of new wine, of must. 2. Like must.
mustum. L n. New wine, must.
mutabilis, e. adj. Changeable, variable, inconstant, fickle.
mutabilitaa, atis./ Changeableness, fickleness.
mutatio, onis./ 1. A changing, altering, a change, alteration. 2. An
exchange, interchange.
mutator, oris. ;«. One who changes, one who exchanges.
mutllo, as. r. a. To mutilate, maim, cripple, disable.
mutilus, a, um, adj. Mutilated, maimed, cripoled, disabled.
+ "mutio. is. r. a. 1. fTo mutter. 2. £To bleat,
muto, as. r. a. 1. (Rare) To move from a place : se non habitu mutatve
loco, she does not quit her dress or her place, Hor. : ne quis invitus civitate
mutelur, that no one against his will be driven from his city, Cic.; hincego
dam muter, as long as I can remove from this place, Ov. 2. To change,
alter, vary, transform (sometimes sine c. as if c. n. in this sense). 3. To
exchange, barter, interchange : mutatum . . . vimini, wine changed, turned
off, spoilt, Hor.; principem anxii mutabant, they were eager to change (by
deserting ) their emperor, Tac.
mutuatio, onia. / A borrowing.
mutue and mutuo. adv. Mutually, reciprocally, in return,
mutuor, aril. v. dtp., and ttnmtuo, as. v. a. 1. To borrow. 2. To de
rive, to take, to get.
mntus, a, um. adj. 1. Silent, mute, dumb, not speaking, not able to
speak. 2. Quiet, still, voiceless (of places): omnis pro nobis gratia inula
fuit, no influence uttered a word in my behalf, Ov.; mutas agitare artes,
to practise arts which do not require eloquence or language, Virg. ; tempus
. . . mutum a Uteris, a time in which no letters, etc., are written, Cic.
mutatis, a, tun. adj. 1. Borrowed, lent : Sicilies civitatibus mutuum fru-
men turn dedit, he lent corn to the cities of Sicily, Cic. ; so, pecunias mutuas
sumo, to borrow money, Cic. 2. Mutual, reciprocal, given, taken, or
done in return: mutua funera, slaughter on both sides, Virg.; pedibus per
mutua nexis, their feet clinging to one anothei (of swarming bees), Virg.
MycenEens, a, um. adj. [Muk^ktj.] Of Mycente, the city of Agamemnon;
Mycenaens dux, Agamemnon, Ov.; Mycenasa inanus, a Grecian hand.
Mycenis, Idis./ The Mycenaean maiden, Iphigenia.
Hygdonius, a, um, and/ Mygdonis, idis. adj. Phrygian, Lydian.
myoparo, onis. m. A kind of light piratical vessel.
myrica, as./. Tamarisk.
Myrmidones, um. pi. m. [Kvppitim.] The soldiers of Achilles, the
Greeks.
fmyropola, as. m. [pipov iraXeV] A dealer in perfumes and unguents.
tmyrSpdlium, La. A perfumer's shop.
myrrha. a)./ [ju#a.] Myrrh.
rcyrrheus, a, um. adj. Perfumed with, fragrant with myrrh.
myrtet um, i. n. A myrtle grove.
myrteus, a, um. adj. 1. Of myrtle. 2. ICrowned with myrtle.
myrtum. La. A myrtle berry.
myrtus, i. /'. 1. A myrtle. 2. §A spear of myrtle-wood. 3. §A
garland of myrtle.
Mysui, a, um. adj. Of Mysia: Mysus dux, Telephus, Or.
mysterium, i. n. [ pvarfipiov] usu. in pi. 1. A mystery, a secret divine
rite. 2. A festival in which mysteries are celebrated. 3. A secret.
myites, or mysta, m. m. [puarris.] A priest of divine mysteries.
myitlcui, a, um. adj. Belonging to mysteries, to secret divine rites, mystic,
mystical.

r>. I T4
328 NAB-NAT

N.
Nab&thaeus, a, am. adj. 1. Of Nabathsea, a dittrict of Arabia, 2.
Eastern.
MB. adv. [vol.] Truly, verily.
nactus, a, um. part. fr. nanciscor, q. t.
nsevus, i. m. 1. A mole on the body. 2. A blemish.
Naias, and Naiaa, adis, and Nais, Idii./. 1. A Naiad, a water nymph.
2. A nymph (used of Hamadryads, etc.).
nam, and, more emphatic, namque. cortj. For: nam qais te juvenam
confidentissime jussit, who then, 0 most audacious of youths, hai bidden
you . . . ? (According to Zumpt, nam denotes an objective, enim merely a
subjective reason, namque indicates a closer connection with the pre
ceding sentence than nam : rerum bonarum et malarum tria sunt genera:
nam aut in animis, ant in corporibua, aut extra esse possum, of both good
and bad things there are three beads; namely, they can exist in the mind,
or in the body, or they may be extraneous to either, Cic: Lat.Gr. §315.)
Sometimes nam indicates a return to the original subject, after a paren
thetical interruption: nam simul ac me Dyrrhachium attigisse audivit, as
soon, I say, as he heard that I had reached Dyrrhachium, Cic —Zompt,
Lat Or. § 739.
nanciacor, eris, nactns stun. r. dep. 1. To get, to obtain, acquire, re
ceive. 2. To meet with, to find. 3. To watch (an illness). 4.
To reach, to arrive at.
nanus, La. A dwarf.
napseaj, arum. pi./, [pdirn]. Wood nymphs, nymphs of dells.
*napus, i. »i. A kind of turnip.
nardlfer, era, erum. adj. Producing spikenard.
f+nardlnus, a, um. adj. Made of or flavoured with spikenard.
nardns, i. m. Spikenard. An Assyrian perfume.
naris, is./. A nostril; usu. in pi., the nose: emunrtse naris, a man of acute,
refined judgment, Hor.; naris obese, of no taste, Hor.; ad haee ego naribos
uti formido, at this I fear to turn up my nose, Hor.
§narrablli», e. adj. That cnn be related.
narratio, onis. f. A relating, a narration, a story, a narrative.
narrator, oris. m. A narrator, a relater, a recounter.
narratus, us. m. A narrative, a tale, a story.
narro, as. v. a. To tell, relate, recount, narrate: narro tibi, I assure yon,
Cic.
£narthecium, i. n. [vdp<rn{.] A box for unguents, a medicine chest
Narycius, a, um. adj. Of the city of Narycium, where Ajax O'ileua was
born : Narycius heros, the son of Ajax, Ov.
nascor, eris, natos sum. t>. dep. 1 . To be born. 2. To arise, take a
beginning, derive an origin. 3. To arise, to be produced, to come forth :
nascentibus Athenis, in the infancy of Athens, Cic ; ab eo flumine
col 1 is nascebatur, from the river a hill rose up, Cic; nascere Lucifer,
rise, 0 morning star, Virg. ; nascente luna, at the time of the new moon,
Hor.—See natus.
nassa or naza, se. / An eelpit, a snare, (lit and metaph.) a place of
danger.
nasturtium, in. A nasturtium, a kind of cress.
nasuB, i. m. A nose : suspendens omnia naso, turning up his nose at every
thing;, Hor. 2. JA nozzle, a spout
Jnas *.e. adv. Satirically, jeeringly.
nasutus, a, um. adj. 1. With a large nose. 2. JClevcr, satirical.
nata, a./. A daughter.
natalldus, a, um. adj. Belonging to a person's birth or birthday, natal ;«.
 NAT-NAU 329
pi as subst. 1. A casting of a person's nativity. 2. A birthday
feast
sitalis, e. adj. Belonging to a person's birth or birthday, natal ; m. tin;;.
as mbst., a birthday ; %m. pi. as subsl., birth, i. e. ancestry, parentage,
family.
natans, antis. part fr. nato; as subst. in pi. Fishes.
natatio, onis. f. Swimming.
natator, oris. m. A swimmer.
nitio, onis. /'. 1. (Rare) The goddess presiding over birth. 2. A
nation, a people, a race. 3. A kind or a class of people (often used
contemptuously ).
natis, it./., usu. in pi. A buttock, a rump.
natlvus, a, urn. adj. 1. That arises or exists by birth, that has been
burn. 2. Imparted by or at birth, inborn, innate. 3. Natural,
native (opp. to artificial),
nato, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. ».) To swim, to float. 2. §To flow.
3. To swim with, i. e. overflow with : natabant pavimenta vino, the floors
were swimming in wine, Cic. 4. To swim (as the eyes or mind of a
dying or drunken person), to slip about. 5. To waver, to fluctuate (in
mind), to hesitate. 6. ( v. a.) §To swim across or on (c. ace of the
water, etc.).
natrix, Icis. /. A water-serpent
natura, w./. 1. Nature, i. e. natural course, order, natural relationship,
etc 2. Natural quality, character, disposition. 3. Nature, i. c. the
natural world, the universe. 5. A natural element. 6. The organs of
generation.
nituralis, e. adj. 1. Derived from birth, natural. 2. Natural, i. e.
agreeable to, consistent with nature. 3. Referring to, investigating
nature (as philosophical discussions, etc.).
niturallter. adv. Naturally, by, or conformably to nature.
natus, a, tun. part. fr. nascor. Born of, descended from (c. abl., often e. dat.
or c. ad and ace of the purpose for or destiny to which, §poet c infin.): ita
natus locus est, this is the natural character of the place, Liv. ; versus ....
male nati, ill made verses, Hor. ; pro re nata, under existing circumstances,
Cic; annos prope xc. natus, nearly 90 years old, Cic; natis in usum lauitiie
scyphis pugnare, to fight in the cups made only for uses of mirth, Hor.
Situs, i. m. A son, (in pi.) children.
aatos. us (only in all. ). Birth, age : non admodum grandis natu, not very
old, Cic; magno natu, of great age, very old, Liv.; major natu, older, Cic;
minimus natu, the youngest, Cic; maximo natu Alius, the eldest son, Nep.
fnanci. as adv. Of trifling value, of no value : nauci non erit, he is good
for nothing, Plant
tnaaclerlcus, a, am, and rius, a, urn. adj. Belonging to the captain of a
ship,
tuauclerns, i. m. [vavKX-npos.] The captain of a ship.
aaufragium, i. «. [navis frange] 1. Shipwreck, (lit and metaph) loss,
ruin, destruction. 2. A wreck, the fragments of a wrecked vessel (lit.
and metaph.). 3. tjjA storm,
saufragus, a, tun. adj. 1. Wrecked, shipwrecked. 2. Ruined, un
done. 3. fCausing shipwreck.
BSnlis, ss. /. A stringed instrument.
Cnaulom. i. n. The fare for a passage in a boat,
tuaomachia, a. /. [yavsusxio.] 1. A sham sea-fight. 2. The place
where sham sea-fights were exhibited.
Haupliadea, ee. m. The son of Nauplius king of Eubcea (i. e. Palamedes).
nausea, m, dim. naoseila, as. / [vavtrla.] 1. Sea-sickness. 2. Sick
ness, qualms.
nauseo, as. r. n. [ravo-idV] 1. To be sea-sick. 2. To be sick, to
vomit 3. ( Metaph., as v. a.) To vomit forth or utter.
riauta. — Set navita.
330 NAU —NE
+ nantea, ae. / Bilgewater.
nauticus, a, urn. adj. Of or belonging to ships or Bailors, nautical, naval;
(m. pi. as subst.) Bailors, seamen.
navale. is. k. (usu. in ;-/.>. 1. A dockyard, a dock, an arsenal '-.''/•'■)
A place in Rome where the dockyards were. 3. (pi) Naval stores,
rigging, tackle, etc., materials for ship-building.
nivalis, e. adj. Of or belonging to ships, naval : navalis corona, navalis
honor, a crown given for a naval victory, Virg., Ov.; navalia castra, a
camp pitched on the shore to protect the ships, Cccs. ; navali surgentes a>re
columns:, pillars rising up, made of brass from the beaks of captured ships,
Virg.; navales socii, the crews of ships, sailors, seamen, manners, Liv.;
duumviri navales, officers charged with the fitting out of a fleet, Liv. ;
navale stagnum, a basin for sham sea-fights, Tac; ubi navali stant sacri
Palatia Poebo, where the sacred palace is erected to Phoebus, who gave the
naval victory (at Actium), Prop.
navarehus, i, ma [rauapxov.] The captain of a ship.
navlcula, ae. f. A little vessel, a boat.
navictilaria, m.f. The business of a man who lets out vessels, the shipping
business.
navicularius, i. m. A shipowner, one who lets out vessels.
tnaviculor, contr. nauculor. aria. v. dep. To sail in a small vessel, to sail
iinavlfragus, a, am. adj. Causing shipwrecks.
navlgabllis, e. adj. Navigable, that may be sailed on.
navlgatio, onis. /. Navigation, sailing.
Jtnavlger, era, erum. adj. 1. tThat supports ships (as the sea). 2.
JBorne in a ship (a voyage, etc.).
navigium, i, and dim. navigiolum, i. n. 1. A ship. 2. + Navigation.
navigo, as. r. n. and a. 1. (c. n.) To sail, to put to sea, to travel by
sea (even of a swimmer, Ov.). 2. (v. a.) To sail over, to traverse in
sailing (pass, as impers.) : iis enim ventis istinc navigatur, for people sail
from thence with that wind, Cic; quae homines arant, navigant, sedifieant.
virtuti omnia parent, whether men are farmers, or sailors, or builders, in
every case virtue asserts her preeminence, Sail.
navis, is./, [vats.] A ship, a vessel (lit. and metaph) : navis longa, a man-
of-war, navis preetoria, the flag-ship, navis oneraria, a transport, navis
tecta or constrata, a decked ship, navis aperta, an open boat (all in Liv.);
una navis est jam bonomm omnium, all good men are in one boat, Cic;
navibus atque quadrigis petimus bene vivere, we seek by constant change of
place, travelling over sea and land, to live happily, Hor.
navita, and contr. nauta. 89. m. A sailor, a seaman, a mariner.
navitas, atis./. Promptness, energy, activity, seal.
naviter. adv. 1 . Energetically, zealously. 2. Thoroughly.
navo. as. v. a. 1 . To perform, do, or execute with energy, real, or skill.
2. To exert vigorously ; utinam potuissem tibi operam nioam navare, I
wish I had been able to exert myself in your service, Cic; jam mihi videor
navassc operam quod hue venerim, I seem now to have done something (or
some good) in coming here, Cic; navare rempublicam, to benefit the state,
Cic; ut quisque flagitium navaverat, according as each had committed
any crime, Tac
navus, a, urn. adj. Active, energetic, exerting oneself usefully and skilfully.
ne. conj. 1. (Before an imper. 'or quasi imper.) Not ; ne temne, do not
despise us, Virg.; ne vivam si scio, may I die if I know, Cic; also after
(so
^so long as), and utinam (I wish that); also in argument, in sen-
i "f coneicoBsion, ne sit sane summum malum dolor, granted that pain
greatest of evils, Cic. 2. That not, lest (sometimes, bit
this sense is preceded by ut after verbs of entreating, command-
ig, etc — See Eton Lat Gr., § 88.), not : ne istum desertun
t you may not think him forsaken, Cic; Cssarem obsecrare
id gravius in frotrem statuerit, he began to entreat Cssar not to
' severe decision about his brother, Cits. ; sententiara ne dicent

^
 NE— NEC 331
recussTit, he refused to give hie opinion, Cic; imbecillo animo, ne dicam
inhumano, of a weak, not to say worthless, disposition, Cic. 3. (After
verbs of fearing) That : metuebat ne indicarent, he feared that they
would give information, Cic. 4. Ne quidem (always with the word to
which they refer between them), not even.
ii.Mtf.cmj. 1. (After verbs of doubting, asking, etc) Whether, or:
qiuentur sintne Dii necne, the question is raised whether there are Gods
or not, Cic; (usu. ne expresses the first alternative, and an the second ;
hot sometimes ne is omitted with the first and substituted for an with the
second) ut in incerto fuerit vicissent victine essent, so that it was uncer
tain whether they had conquered or had been conquered, Li v. 2. (As
iilm-og.) ne asks a qnestion : tune ille ./Eneas ? are you that JEneas ?
Virg.; justitiame prius mirer, belline laborum ? shall I admire you most for
your justice, or for your military exploits ? Virg.; (in this sense it is always
joined as an enclitic to another word, sometimes it is cut off) viden', do you
we, Virg.
Heipolu, ia./ |>«A T<iA.«.] 1. Naples. 2. A district of the city of
Syracuse,
nebula, s.f. 1. Mist, vapour, fog. 2. §A thin cloud (of dust, smoke,
etc). 3. Darkness: erroris nebula, the mists of error, Jnr. ; nebulas
Helicone legunto, let them try and catch clouds (i. e. empty nonsense) on
Helicon, Pers.
nebalo, onU. m. A worthless fellow, a scamp, a knave,
nibuloru, a, tun. adj. Misty, foggy.
nee. before a vowel neque. amj. Neither, nor, and not, but not.
necdum. Nor yet : necdum illis labra admovi, and I have never yet put my
lips to them, Virg.
necnon, neqne .... non. And, and also.
necessarie and alio. adv. Necessarily, of necessity.
Mceasariua, a, am. adj. 1. Necessary, unavoidable, indispensable. 2.
Closely connected with, intimate with (c dat) ; (hi. f. as tubit.) a near re
lation, an intimate friend (c. gen.),
necesse, and (very rare) neceasum. adj. n. indeel. Necessary.
necessltas, atis. f. 1. Necessity, unavoidable compulsion, the Goddess
compulsion. 2. (In pi.) Necessaries, necessary things, necessary expen
ses. 3. *Need, necessity. 4. Close connection, relationship, intimate
friendship : magnam necessitatem possidet paternus maternusque sanguis,
blood-relationship on the father's or mother's side is a great bond, Cic;
ultima, and suprema necessitas, death, Sail. Tac.
necessitudo, mis./. 1. Necessity, compulsion. 2. Close connection,
relationship, friendship. 3. (In /)/.) ^Connections, intimate friends.
necne (See nee, ne) (in a disjunctive question). Or not,
necnon.—See nee.
nice, as, avi, atum. t>. a. To kill, to slay, to put to death,
necopinans, antia. adj. Not expecting a thing, unsuspecting,
necopinato. adv. Unexpectedly.
necopinatua, a, nm. adj. Unexpected. ex necopinato. Unexpectedly,
Liv.
Ineeipinui, a, nm. adj. 1. Unexpected. 2. §Not expecting, unsus
pecting.
neeUr, aria, n. [vticrap.] 1. Nectar, the drink of the Gods. 2. Any
sweet drink or juice : pegaseum nectar, sweet poetry, Pers.
Mctireoj, a, run. adj. 1. Of nectar. 2. JSweet as nectar.
necto. is, xi, and xni, xum. v. a. 1. To bind, tie, fasten. 2. To fas
ten together, join, connect. 3. To weave, to plait 4. (In pass.) To
be enslaved for debt. Causas nequicquam nectis inanes, in vain do you
frame idle excuses, Virg.; ne cui dolus necteretur a Pceno, lest some trick
against some was being contrived by the Carthaginian, Liv,; modo jurgin
nectat, sometimes let her pick a quarrel, Ov. j necte contain my no, wreathe
thy hair with myrtle, Ov.—See nexus.
332 NEC-NEM
necubi. adv. Lest anywhere, that nowhere.
necnnde. adv. That from no place, leat from any place.
nedam. adv. 1. (In negative sentences) By no meant, ranch lest, still
lest. 2. (Tn affirmative sentences) Much more. 3. Not only.
nefande. adv. Wickedly.
nefandus, a, am. adj. [ne, for.] Of unspeakable wickedness, wicked,
abominable, atrocious : memoret fandi atque nefandi, having a regard to
ri'jht and wrong, Virg.
nSfarie. adv. Wickedly, impiously, nefariously.
nSfarius, a. am. adj. Wicked, impious, execrable; (n. at tmbtt) a crime.
nefas. n. indecl. [ne, fat.] Wicked, impious, abominable; (at »»6«f.) a wicked
deed, a crime, a sin, wickedness : per fat et nefas. right or wrong, by every
possible means, Liv.; (a« inlerj.) shameful ! horrible ! shocking ! — quicquid
corrigere est nefas, what it it impossible to correct, Hor.; extinxiaae neuu,
to put an end to the author of the evil, Virg.
nefastus, a, am. adj. [ne, for] (of a day). 1. That on which assemblies
of the people could not be held, and courts of law could not sit. 2. Pro
fane, wicked, impious. 3. Illomened, inauspicious, unfavourable, unluckj.
tnefrens, dis. adj. m.f. Weaned (of an animal).
negantia, SB./.; and negatio, onis./. A denial, a negation.
neglto, aa. v. a. To deny repeatedly, to pertitt in denying, to deny, to
refuse.
neglectio, onis. / ; and fneglectus, at. m. Neglect.
negligent, entit. part, from negligo (used also as adj., c compar., etc. c. era..
or c. in and abl.). Negligent, careless, indifferent, unconcerned, heedless,
improvident.
negllgenter. adv. Carelessly, heedlessly, unconcernedly, with indifference.
negligentia, m. f. Negligence, carelessness, heedlessness, neglect: litenraa
negligentia, an omission to write letters; also, a careleta style of wnt.EC
(both tentet in Cic).
negligo, it, lexi, lectum. v. a. 1. To neglect, to alight, to disregard, not
to attend to, to think nothing of. 2. To disdain (to do to and to) (c
infin.) : de Theopompo negleximus, we were forgetful of Theopompui,
Cic.
nego, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To deny, to say (that a thing is) not:
casta negor, it it affirmed that I am unchaste, Ov. 2. (r. a.) To deny.
to refute : poma negat regio, the ci-untry produces no fruits, Ov.
negotialis, e. adj. Belonging to or connected with business.
negotiant, antis. pari, from negotior; used at mist. A man of business, t
man engaged in trade, a banker.
negotiatio, onis./. Business (esp. banking business).
negotiator, oris. m. A man engaged in business, a banker, Ja tradesman.
negotiolom, i. A trifling business, a small matter.
negotior, aris. r. dep. To carry on business, to be engaged in business, is
trade, in commerce (esp. to be a banker), to trade, to traffic
negotiosus, a, am. adj. Full of business, busy : negotiosi dies (opp. to sacri),
days of business, working days, Tac
Eegotium, i. n. [ne, otium.] 1. A business, affair, employment, some
thing to do, or to be done : qui tuum negotium gerunt, who attend to their
own business, Cic 2. Commercial business (esp. in pL). 3. Trouble,
difficulty : cum audivisset filius negotium exhiberi patri, when his son
heard that hit father wat in trouble (lit. that trouble was given to hi*
father, by his being impeached), Cic. 4. A matter, a thing, a <> ■-'■
(used contemptuously of persons): Teucria ilia lentura negotium, that
Teucris is a slow affair, Cic
Helei'us, and Helens, a, am. adj. Of Neleut, father of Neator and king of
Pilot.
Hemeeeus, a, um. adj. Of Nemea a city in Argolis, the district around
which was ravaged by n lion which Hercules slew : pestis Nemeasa, the
Nemean lion, Ov. Nemea, orum. pi. n. The Nemean games.
 NEM-NES 333
Jfemeiis, is. [W/ieej.] The Goddess of Retribution.
nemo, Inis. m, [ne homo.] Nobody, no one: is quern tu neminem putas, he
whom you look on as a nobody, as of no consequence, Cic.—(As adj. m.)
None, not one: vir nemo bonus, no good man, Cic.
nemoralis, e. adj. Of groves or woods, sylvan.
nemorensis, e. adj. Of a grove (esp. the grove of Diana near Aricia).
Hemorense, as svbtt. The villa of Caesar near that grove.
ttnemoricultrix, Icis./". An inhabitant of the groves or woods.
Snemorlvagus, a, Tim. adj. Wandering in groves or woods.
nemorosus, a, tun. adj. Full of groves or woods, well-wooded.
nempe. adv. 1. Forsooth, surely, without doubt. 2. Namely.
ztemuf, oris. n. A grove, a wood with open glades and pastures in it ; (some
times esp) the sacred grove of Diana near Aricia. 2. J§A tree, timber.
nenis, as. / 1 . A dirge, a funeral song, a lamentation, a mournful ditty.
2. An incantation. 3. §A song (esp. a common song).
BM, es, neri, netum. e. a. 1. To spin. 2. To embroider, to inter
weave.
nepa. ae. /. 1 . A scorpion. 2. The constellation, Scorpio, 3. t A
crab.
nepos, Stis. m. and /. 1. A grandson. 2. XX nephew. 3. §A de
scendant, (in pi.) posterity. 4. A spendthrift, a prodigal.
rnepotatus, us. m. Extravagance, profusion.
neptis, is. f. A granddaughter : neptis Veneris, Ino, Ov. ; da, Dea, quas
sciter doctas Cybeleia neptes, grant, O Cybele, that I may question your
learned granddaughters (i. e. the Muses), Ov.
Heptanins, a, urn. adj. Of Neptune, built by Neptune (as Troy) : Neptn-
nius heroa, Theseus, Ov.; Neptunius dux, Sextus Pompey, who called
himself the son of Neptune, Hor.; arva Neptunia, the sea, Virg.
Septanus, i. m. 1. Neptune, god of the sea. 2. §The sea.
neqtum. adj. (indecl., comp. nequior, isslmus). Worthless, wicked, pro-
tii.Tite, extravagant (in pos. usu. c. masc. subst, of persons, rarely of
actions).
nequaquam. adv. Not at all, by no means.
neque.—See nee.
neqneo. Is, ivi. [ne queo.] v.*. To be unable, not to be able, I cannot.
aequicquam. adv. 1. In vain, to no purpose, fruitlessly. 2. Without
good reason, causelessly.
usqulter. adv. In a worthless manner, wickedly, basely.
uequltia. a*, and -ties, ei. f. 1 . Worthlessness, wickedness, villany.
2. Extravagance, prodigality, licentiousness. 3. Indolence, remissness,
indifference, carelessness.
Kerens, ei. nt. 1. A son of Oceanus and Tethys, a God of the sea. 2.
fThe sea.
Herltius, % nm. adj. Of Neritos, a mountain in Ithaca : Neritia- domus,
Ithaca, Ov.; Nentius dux, Ulysses, Ov.; Neritia ratis, the ship of Ulysses,
Ov.
nervose. adv. Energetically, vigorously.
nervosus, a. uzn. adj. 1. Full of sinews, sinewy, strong. 2. Nervous,
vigorous (bodily or of style, etc.).
nervuJoi, i. n. (In pi.) Vigour, strength.
nervus, i. m. I. A sinew, tendon. 2. A string (of a musical instru
ment, or of a bow). 3. Nerve, vigour, strength, energy. 4. ^Leather,
a hide. 5. "("Anything made of leather, a thong. 6. +A fetter, a
chain for prisoners. 7. A prison : nervi conjurationis, the strength, i. e.
the leaders of the conspiracy, Li v.; loci .... proprii causarum et earum
nervis inbserentes, topics belonging to the causes, and most intimately con
nected with them, Cic
aescio, is, ivi, no sup. v. a. 1. Not to know, to be ignorant of, to be ig
norant 2. To be unacquainted with, unversed in, not skilful in. 3.
Not to understand (how to do a thing), to be unable (c infin.).
334 NE S—NIG
neseio qui*. Some one, iome one or other; often with an implied ides of in
significance, contemptuously. neseio qnomodo. Somehow or other:
quia neseio quid in philosophic dissentiret, because on philosophical point*
he differed from him in a Blight degree, Cic ; neseio quia Theseus, some one of
the name of Theseus (contemptuously), Ot.; ingens eo die res, et neseio 89
maxima illo hello gesta sit, a great exploit, perhaps I might aay the greatest
in all that was performed that day, Lit.
nescius, a, am. adj. (c gen.). 1. Ignorant of, unacquainted with, in
experienced in, unversed in, unskilful in, ignorant : teaeqne hand neseta
morti injicit, and with her eyes open she rushes upon death, Virg.; cedere
nescius, one who knows not how to, who will never yield, Hor.; luniini
succumbere neseta somno, eyes that never yield to sleep, Ov. 2. fUn-
known : neque nesciura habebat, nor was he ignorant.
Nestor, oris, m. The king of Pylos at the siege of Troy; he was so old that
his name became proverbial for old age : vivat . . . . vel Nestora totira,
let him live even as long as Nestor, the whole life of Nestor, Juv.
neu.—See neve.
neuter, tra, trum. gen. -trim, etc. adj. 1. Neither of two, neither the
one nor the other, neither. 2. Neuter.
neutro. adv. To neither side, to neither one side or the other.
neutlquam. adv. By no means, not at all.
tneutriibi adv. 1. In neither place. 2. Neither way.
neve and neu. And not, or not, nor, and that not, and lest.
nex, necis, f. 1. Death by killing, a violent death, a putting to death,
slaughter. 2. JDeath (natural, Suet.) [Manus] imbuue Phrygia,
quae nece semper erant, which were constantly stained with the blood of
slaughtered Trojans, Ov.
§nexllis, e. adj. 1. Woven (of a net). 2. Twining, easily plaited into
a wreath.
§noxo, si. r. a. To tie, to twine.
nexua, a, um. part. fr. necto; esp. bound, enslaved for debt
nexus, us. m. 1. An intertwining, interlacing. 2. (In this sense also
nexum, 1. n.) The condition of a person enslaved for debt, an assignment
of the person and liberty for debt
ni. adv. 1 . Not : quidni inquit meminerim ? how, said he, can I help
remembering it? Cic; jussa monent Heleni Scyllam atque CharyMen
inter . . . . ni teneant cursus, the injunctions of Helenus warn them not ts
hold their course between Scylla and Charybdis, Virg. 2. (Sync of
nisi, q. v.) Unless : illud quod dicitur sive, neve, the common expression
whether or not (alluding to the form used in the Sponsio : tee Smith, !>•■'■■
Ant. 1042—6.), Cic; cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset when
ho had given security (had undertaken) to prove that he was a good man,
Cic.
'! >niceterium, i. n. [yucnr^pioi'.] A prize or reward of victory.
fnicto, as. and 1 is. v. n. and -or, aria. v. dep. 1. To wink. 2. To
flicker.
nidus, us. m. Winking, a wink.
fnidamentum, i. *. Materials for a nest, materials.
§nidIflco. as. v. n. To build a neBt.
nldor, oris. m. A vapour, steam, or smell from anything roasted or burnt
nidus, i, and dim. nidulus, i. »«. 1. A nest. 2. §The young birds
in a nest 3. JA receptacle : quicunquse celsae nidum Acherontia te-
nent, whoever dwell in Acherontia placed high like a nest, Hor. ; to.
nidum servas, you keep in your nest "ay at home, Hor. ; me majores pennss
nido extendisse loqueris, you will say that I have outgrown my nest, i. e.
rrised myself above my birth, Hor.
nlger, gra', grum. adj. 1. Black, dark. 2. Stormy. 3. iBelong-
ing to death, etc.: nigra dies, nigra hora, the day of death, death, Prop-,
Tib.; nigrorumque memor ignium, mindful of the funeral pile, Hor.; janus
nigra, the gates of hell, Prop. ; pocula nigra, a poisoned bowl, Prop. ; nipt*
 NIG—NIT 335
efferre maritos, to bury husbands discoloured by poison, poisoned, Juv.
4. Dark-complexioned, swarthy. 5. With dark shade : asquoris nigri
fremiram, the roar of the dark, i. e. deep sea, Hor. 6. Black-hearted,
wicked. 7. Ill-omened, inauspicious; §(b. as sidisl.) a black spot.
nlgreseo, is, gmi, and fnigTeo, es. v. a. To grow black, to be black, to be
dark.
f nigri tia. SB, and Jnlgrltudo, Inis./, and § nlgror, 6. is. m. Blackness.
Inigro, as. v. n. and o. 1. (to. ».) To be black. 2. (Jr. a.) To
blacken. part. nTgrans, as adj. Black, dark, dark-coloured.
nihil, sync. nil. indtcl. n. Nothing; (as adv.) not at all: nihil est
qood adventum nostrum extimescas, you have no reason for fearing our ar
rival, Cic; nihil est, it is of no use, Cic; nihil hominis est, he is a worth-
leu fellow, Cic.; nihil dum audieramus, we had as yet heard nothing, Cic;
nil mihi vobiscum est, I have nothing to do with you, Ov.; ipse nihil est,
he is good for nothing, he is of no use, Cic; cur ista quteria? nihil sane,
why do you ask these questions ? for no reason, Cic. ; nihil minus, by no
means, not at all, Cic
nihil am. n. ; §sync. nilum, nop/. 1. Nothing. 2. (SAs adi:.) Not at
all; (gen. nihili) of no value, worthless ; (abl. nihilo, c. adj. compar.) not
at all, not: mali rem exempli esse de nihilo hospites corripi, that it was a
bad precedent for foreign guests to be arrested for nothing, Liv.
nihilomlnus. adv. Nevertheless, notwithstanding.
Kilos, i. m. 1. The river Nile in Egypt. 2. A canal, an aqueduct.
SihacuB, a, nm. adj. Of the Nile, Egyptian.
tnimbatus, a, tun. adj. Light, frivolous.
«nimbifer. era, erum. adj. Bringing clouds, storms.
nimbosus, a, urn. adj. Full of rain clouds, stormy.
nimbus, i. in. 1. A storm of rain. 2. A rain cloud, a cloud, (lit. and
roetaph.) a cloud of smoke, dual, etc.; also of men, arrows, etc.; also of
misfortune. 3. §The cloud-shaped halo or " glory " which surrounded
the Gods when they appeared to mankind.
Cnimie tas, atis. f. A great quantity, a superfluity.
nimirom. adv. 1. In truth, without doubt, surely, certainly. 2. For
sooth.
nlmis and nTminm. adv. Too much, too, overmuch, excessively, very
ftreatly: non nimis firmura, not particularly strong, Caes.
nimins, a, urn. adj. Too much, too great, superfluous, unnecessary, exces
sive, immoderate : nimius mero Hylseus, the drunken Hylseus, Hor.; ni-
raiu» animi, too arrogant, full of excessive arrogance, Liv. ; imperii nimium
rata (plebs), thinking the power too great, Liv.; dicit differret inter ho-
lestum et turpe nimium quantum, he says that there is a vast difference
between what is honourable and what is shameful, Cic; n. as tubs'. , su
perabundance, excess ; n. abl. before compar. adj. as adv., excessively :
to nimio plus diligo, I love you exceedingly, Cic.
ningit. xit. v. imptrs. It snows: (as v. a.) ninguntque rosarum floribus,
and they shower upon flowers of roses, cover them with roses, as thick as
snow, Lucr.
-tningis, is./ Snow.
nisi. on/. 1. Unless, if not. 2. Except, save, save only.
aisus, a, am. part fr. nitor, q. v.
>nism, us, and (the more nsu. prose form) nixns. m. 1. An attempt, ef
fort, endeavour, exertion. 2. Motion. 3. § Posture, position. 4.
The pains of childbirth (nixns the most usu. form in this sense). 5.
Progress, advance : sedato nisu, with a slow regular step, Pacuv. ap. Cic. ;
que dubia nisu videbantur, places as to which it appeared doubtful how
they could be passed (this might be lupine in u., fr. nitor), Sail. ; astra quae
se nixu suo conglobata retinent, the stars which keep themselves in their
place and collective order by their own regular motion, Cic
aitedula, as, and Jnitela, 85. / A dormouse.
336 NIT—N 0C
nitens, entis. part. fr. liitco, q. r. ; but alto as adj. (c. compar. etc). I.
Bright, brilliant, splendid, beautiful (even of persons), blooming (even
of fields, crops, etc), elegant (of a speech), distinguished (of a hero).
nltesco, is, and niteo, es, ui (no sup.), v. n. 1. To shine, to glitter, to be
bright, brilliant, splendid, blooming, beautiful. 2. To be illustrious, dis-
tinguished, eminent.
tnltlde. adv. Splendidly, magnificently.
p - uitido, as. v. a. To make to shine, to clean.
nitldus, a, urn. adj. 1. Shining, bright, glittering, brilliant. 2. Sleek,
plump, looking in good condition. 3. Blooming, luxuriant (of fields,
crops, etc.). 4. Well-dressed, neat, elegant. 5. Polished, re6ned.
nitor, oris. m. 1. Brightness, splendour, brilliancy, beauty. -. Neat
ness, elegance, grace : nitor in tacita nocte diumus erat, in the silent
niijht it was as bright as day, Ov.; externa tincta mtore caput, painted u
to your head with a colour which is not its own, not natural. Prop.
nitor, eris, nisus and nixus sum (the latter form always in sense U
1. To lean, rest, depend upon (c. in and ail., §rare c. in and ace.).
2. To advance, to proceed. 3. To strive, to exert oneself, to struggle, to
labour. 4. To strive to reach, to strive to attain, to labour after (c. si
or in and ace). 5. To attempt, to endeavour,
nltrum, i. n. Nitre (used sometimes for soap).
inltratus, a, urn. adj. Mixed with nitre.
nivalis, e. adj. 1. Snowy. 2. § White as snow. 3. JCold as sno*,
icy.
Jnivasius, a, on. adj. Filled with snow, strainers filled with snow were
used for fine wines.
Sniveus, a, urn. adj. 1. Snowy, covered with snow. 2. Snow-white,
white.
nivosus, a, urn. adj. Snowy.
nix, nlvis. f. Snow, a snow-storm : capitis nives, grey hairs, Hot.
§nixor, axis. v. dtp. I. To strive, to struggle. 2. To rest upon.
nixus, a, tun. part. fr. nitor, q. v.
nixus, us.— See nisus.
no, nas. 1. To swim, to float. 2. §To sail (lit. and metaph.).
nobilis, e. adj. [nosco.] 1. f Known. 2. Deserving to be known, famous,
celebrated, illustrious, notorious. 3. Noble, highborn. 3. Excelled.
nobilitas, atis./ 1. (Rare) Celebrity, renown. 2. Nobility, high
birth. 3. The body of nobles, the noblesse. 4. Nobleness of con
duct or feeling, excellence, superiority.
nobillter. adv. In a manner befitting a noble man, nobly, splendidly.
nobillto, as. v. a. 1. To make known, to render famous. 2. To rea
der notorious, (pass, part.) notorious.
nobiscum. abl. pi. of ego, with the addition of com. With us.
nocens, entis. part. fr. noceo, q. v.; also as adj. (c compar. etc). 1.
Hurtful, injurious, mischievous. 2. Guilty, wicked; (as suhst.) a cri
minal.
noceo, es. ni, itum. v. a. To hurt, to injure, to do harm to, to damage (c.
dat. pan. as impers.) : ne cui noceatur, that no harm may be done to any
one.
tnocivus, a, um. adj. Injurious, hurtful.
§noct!fer, Sri. m. The evening star.
noctiliica, as. /. [nox, luceo.] The moon.
gnoctlvagns, a, um. adj. Wandering by night.
noctu. adv. By night.
noctua, ee. f. An owl.
noctuabundus, a, tun. adj. Going or doing anything by night.
+noctuInus, a, um. adj. Of an owl.
nocturnus, a, um. adj. Of or belonging to the night, by night, moving or
doing anything by night, done by night, nocturnal, luting all night
^noctuus, a, um. adj. Hurtful, injurious.
 NOD-NON 337
nodo, as. r. a. To knot, to tie in a knot, to tie.
nodosua, a, nm. adj. Full of knots, knotty (lit. and mctaph.) : nodosa
chiragra, the gout which produces knots in the fingers, Hor.; Cicuta no
dosal, (the usurer) Cicuta, skilful in all the knotty points of the law, or in
drawing stringent bonds, Hor.
nodus, i. m. 1. A knot. 2. Anything tied in a knot, a girdle, a hand
for the head (to fasten the hair). 3. A knot or joint 4. A knot in
a tree, a knob. 5. That which binds, a connection, a bond, an obliga
tion. 6. A knotty or obscure point, a difficulty, a cavil, a quibble :
wmi nodu% the circle of the equator, Lucr.
Bolo, nonvis, nolui, no sup. r. n. [non volo.] To be unwilling, not to be
willing, not to like (to do so and so) : nollem factum, I wish it had not
been the case, I am sorry for it, Ter. j cum se non nolle dixisset, when he
said that he had no objection, Cic; cui qui nolunt, and they who are
ill wishers to him, Cic.
Somas, adis. m.f. 1. A Numidian. 2. JNumidia.
nomen, Inis. n. [nosco.] 1. That by which a person may be known, a
name (with respect to Romans, the middle name between praeuomen and
cognomen, the name of the gens; sometimes contemptuously, a mere name,
an empty name). 2. A pretext, a plea : legis agrarian atque nomine,
under the pretence and on the plea of an agrarian law, Cic; tuo nomine
jrratulabantur, they offered congratulations in your name, on your account,
Cic; suo nomine, on his own account, Cic; alio de nomine et alia de
causi, on any other account and pretext, Cic. ; in nomen ascivit, he adopted
him into his family and gave him his name, Tac; nomen Latinum, the
Latins, the Latin people. 3. Name, fame, reputation. 4. (As a
person's name was signed to a bond for repayment of a loan, etc.) A
bond, a security, a debt : cum alienis nominibus liberalitas Orcstillre
persolveret, as Orestilla's liberality was paying other persons' debts, Sail.;
(mi tibi certis nominibus grandem pecuniam debuit, who owed you a
large sum secured on good bonds, Cic; hoc nomen quod urget, this bond
or debt, which presses, Cic; nomina sua exigere, to call in one's debts,
to sue one's debtors, Cic ; nomina solvere, or expedire, to pay one's
debts, Cic; nomina facit, he gives a bond for the money, or he borrows
the money, Cic, but nomina facio also means to lend,— nomina se facturum
qai ego vellem die, [he says] that he will lend me the money any day I
like, Cic; pecuniam Bibi esse in nominibus, [he says] that he has money
owing to him, Cic; hoc sum assecutus ut bonum noinen existimer, I have
come to be considered good pay, Cic. 5. (As the name of the accused
was stated in an indictment) Nomen deferre, to accuse: nomen recipere, to
receive an accusation ; ait nomen absentis se deferre velle . . . defertur, he
says that he wishes to lodge an accusation against him in his absence . . .
the accusation is lodged. 6. (As a soldier's name was entered in the
roll) Nomen dare, edere, or profiteri is to enrol oneself, to enlist : dare
nomen in conjurntionem, to join the conspiracy, Tac
nomenclator. oris. m. A slave who accompanied his master to tell him the
names of those he met
nominatim. adv. By name.
nominatio, oniB.f. 1. A naming (esp. a nomination to an office). 2.
A giving a name to that which has not one.
ndmino, as, and +§n6mInIto, aa. v. a. 1. To name, to call, to entitle. 2.
To nominate (as such and such a magistrate). 3. To accuse. 4. (In
pats.) To be renowned.
nomisma, atis. n. [yo/uoTia]. A coin.
non. udr. Not, no : non nisi vicina; aqua?, only the neighbouring waters, Ov.:
non fere qnisquam, scarcely any one, Cic.
nSnx, tium.pl. /. The ninth day before the Ides.—See Idus.
nonpatents, a, nm. adj. Ninetieth.
nonagies. adt. Ninety times.
nanaginta. indecl., and Jnonageni, m. a, adj. Ninety.
z
338 N0N—N0T
Jnonarius, a, urn. adj. Belonging to the ninth legion.
*nouaria, ae. /. A prostitute.
nondum adv. Not yet.
nongenti, m. a. adj. num. Nine hundred.
nonne. interrog. adv. Not? is it not? (in indirect questions) whether ... not
nonnemo, Inis. m. Some one.
nonnihil. indecl. n. Something, (as adv.) in some degree.
nonnullus, a, am, gen. lai. adj. Some, several
nonnunquam. adv. Sometimes.
nonus. a, urn. adj. Ninth, nonusdecimus, a, tun. Nineteenth.
Noricus, a, urn. adj. Of Noricum, a country between the Danube and the
Alps.
norma, ae. /. 1. A mason's square. 2. A standard. 3. A rule, i
precept.
nos, />/. of ego, q. v.
nosci to, as. i. (i. 1 . To know, to recognise. 2. To observe. 3.
+To examine.
nosco, ii, novi, notum. (perf. often used in pres. sense) r. a. [yrfmivm.]
1. To know, to become, or be acquainted with, to understand. 2. To
recognise. 3. To acknowledge, to allow (an excuse, etc). — See notns.
noster, tra, tram, prtm. poss. 1. Our, in any way relating to us, belong
ing to us, felt by us, done by us, etc 2. Mine, my. 3. Friendly
to, intimate with me, or us: nostri, our men, our troops, our countrymen,
Cic I.i v. ; nunquam sequis, utique nunquam nostris locis laboravimus, we
have never been beaten on fair, much more have we never been beaten on
favorable ground, Li v.; baud numine nostro, the Deity being unfavorable
to us, Virg.
nostras, atis. adj. Of or belonging to our own country.
nota, se.f. 1. A mark, sign. 2. A brand by which to know a thins;
again, a distinguishing mark, a stamp. 3. A brand of censure, of dis
grace, inflicted by the censors. 4. A sign, a token. 5. A blot, a
blemish, a mark of ignominy or infamy, a disgrace. 6. §A signal. 7.
A letter, written character, writing : per notas scripsit, he wrote in cipher,
Suet
notabilis, e. adj. Worthy to be noted, remarkable.
tnotarius, in. A shorthand writer.
notatio, 5nis./. 1. A marking, a putting a mark upon or to (sometimes
c-p. as the censor in degrading). 2. Election, appointment. 3.
Observation, the act of observing. 4. The describing, characterising.
5. The marking of the sense of a word by reference to its etymology.
notatus, a, urn. part. fr. noto ; also as adj. c compar. etc. Remarked, per
ceptible.
notesco, is, tui, no sup. v. n. To become known, to be known, to be no
torious.
nothus, L m. [vAOos.] 1. Spurious, illegitimate, bastard. 2. Borrowed,
lalse, counterfeit
notio, onis. / 1. +A becoming acquainted with. 2. A taking cog
nisance, an examination, an investigation. 3. An idea, a notion.
notitia, 89. f. 1. A being known, knowledge, acquaintance 2. Know
ledge. 3. An idea, conception, notion : virtus .... notitiam sera pos-
teritatis habet, virtue .... is celebrated among one's posterity in a late
age, Ov.
noto, as. r. a. 1. To mark, to designate with a mark. 2. To brand,
to mark with censure (esp. as the censors). 3. To write, Jto write in
cipher, or short hand. 4. To denote, to indicate. 5. To remark,
observe, perceive: ut tribunitia intercessio armis notaretur atque opprime-
retur, that the power of the tribunes to interpose their veto should be put
down (metaph. because those whom the censors notaveruxt, were degraded)
and suppressed, Ores.
notus, a, um. pari. fr. nosco; also as adj. c compar. etc Well-known, note
 NOT— N OX 339
rioos: notai in fratres animi paterni, illustrious for his paternal affection for
his brothers, Hor.
alStui, i. m. [Voror.] The south wind. 2. §Wind.
novacula, a?./ 1. A razor. 2. JA dagger.
novalis, is./, and novale, is. n. 1. Fallow land, a fallow field. 2.
§A field.
novatrix, las./. One who renews.
nove. adv. 1. In a new or novel manner. 2. superl. novissime, very
lately, last of all.
^novello, as. r. n. To bring new land into cultivation.
uivellas, a, tun. adj. Young, tender, lately born, lately grown, new.
novem. Mat. Nine.
Hivember, bris. subst. and adj. 1. November. 2. Of November.
novendecim. indecl. Nineteen.
novendialis, e. adj. 1. Lasting nine days. 2. Taking place on the
ninth day : novendiales disaipare pulveres, to scatter the ashes buried the ninth
day after death (that being the usual day for burial among the Romans),
or to take the ashes from the tomb nine days after they were buried,
Hor.
DovensOes Dii. New Gods, i. e. those received from abroad (opp. to the
Dii Indigetes).
noveni, a?, a, and Jin sing. adj. Nine.
noverca, as./ A stepmother.
Jnovercalis, e. adj. 1. Of a stepmother. 2. Like a stepmother, or
like that of a stepmother, bitter, spiteful (animosity, etc).
novicius, or tins, a, tun. New, fresh, recent, newly taught, newly initiated,
newly arrived, (m.f. as subst.) a novice.
Bovies. adv. Nine times.
ndvltas, atis. / 1. Newness, novelty. 2. Rarity, strangeness. 3.
The condition of, or fact of being a novus homo. — See novus.
novo, as. v. a. 1. To make new, to renew. 2. To refresh. 3. To
change, to alter : novandi res occasionem qusrentes, seeking an opportunity
to effect a revolution, Ov. : agro non semel arato seel novato, in a field not
ploughed once only, but cultivated a second year, Cic. ; so terra novata,
land ploughed a second time, Ov.
novas, a, urn. adj. 1. New, fresh, recent. 2. Novel, strange. 3.
New, (of a person) inexperienced (c. ad and ace, or c dat.). 4. (In
superl.) The last, the latest: agmen novissimum, the rear, Caes.; res novae,
news (Cic, but more usu.) a revolution, Cic. ; tabula; novae, an abolition
of outstanding debts, Cic. ; novus homo, a man the first of his family to
obtain a cnrule office, Cic. ; meritus novissima exempla, deserving to be
made an extreme example of (i. e. to be put to death), Tac. : novissima
expectabat, he was awaiting death, Tac
BOX, noctis. / [n5{.] Night : de nocte, by night; multa de nocte pro-
fectus est, he set out late at night, Cic: omnia et insana semita nocte
sonat, and every street resounds with noises by night, Prop. 2. §Sleep
(esp. the sleep of death). 3. Darkness (esp. the darkness of a storm) :
doleo me in banc reipublicse noctem incidisse, I grieve that it should be
my fate to have fallen upon the setting of the republic, Cic; quantum
mortal ia caeca: pectora noctis habent, how much dark blindness have mortal
breasts, Ov.
Mia, sb. /. 1. Hurt, harm, injury. 2. A fault, crime. 3. (Rare)
punishment : qui in ea noxa erant, who were guilty of that crime, Liv. ;
dedi noxae inimico, to be given up to its enemy for chastisement (of Sicily),
Liv.
aoxia, a. f. 1. Hurt, damage, injury. 2. A fault, a crime : desertori
magi* quam deserto noxiee fore, (if any disaster ensued) the blame wonld
fall on the deserter rather than on the deserted, Liv.; metum et noxia con-
•cientiae, fear and a guilty conscience, Tac
Z 2
340 NOX—NUM
noxius, a, um. adj. I. Injurious, hurtful, doing damage. 2. Guilty,
culpable, criminal (c. abl. or c. gen.).
nubecula, a>. / 1 . A little cloud. 2. A dark spot or speck : froutii
ture nubecula, the cloud upon your brow, Cic.
nubes, ii.f. 1. A cloud (lit and metaph. of a crowd, of dust, etc.), §of a
cloudy, gloomy look, or a clouded, unpromising condition of affaire. 2.
JA dark speck : nubem belli .... omnem sustinet, he supports the whole
storm of the war, Virg. ; fraudibus objice nubem, throw a veil oTer (conceal)
my frauds, Hor. ; ne . . . . nubes et inania captet, that he may not get into
the clouds and talk empty bombast, Hor.
§nublfer, 8ra, erum. ailj. [nubes fero.] 1. Supporting the clouds, cloud-
capped. 2. Bringing clouds (as the wind).
jinublgena, m. m. Born of a cloud, (esp. in pi.) the Centaurs.
nublla, orum. pi. n. Clouds.
nubllis. e. adj. Marriageable (of a maiden).
nubllus, a, am. adj. 1 . Cloudy. 2. § Bringing clouds (as the wind].
3. §Dark, gloomy (of the Styx), deeply shaded (of a wood, a road, etc),
sad (of a countenance), unfavourable, unpropitious (of fate, time, etc.). 4.
JDark coloured.
nubo, is, psi, ptum. v. n. 1. To cover, to veil (very rare). 2. To put
a veil on for, i. e. to marry (only of the woman, c. dat.).
+nuc;franglbulum, in. A nutcracker, i. e. a tooth.
tjnucleua, i. ra. 1. A kernel. 2. The stone in stone fruit : nuclei
concha;, pearls, Plin.
nudius [nunc est dies], usu. in the phrase nudius tertius, three days ago, Cic;
also dies nudius tertius decimus, thirteen days ago, Cic, etc.
nudo, as. r. a. 1. To make naked, to strip, to bare, to lay bare, to drear
(a sword). 2. To lay bare, disclose, reveal, expose. 3. To deprive,
to strip, to bereave, to render destitute of, to pillage. 4. To render or lea"
defenceless, exposed to the enemy, etc (a camp, a town, etc.) : culmrn
cedis prope omni tecto nudatum, a temple almost wholly unroofed, Lir.
nudus, a, tun. adj. 1. Naked, bare, unclothed, unarmed, uncovered,
drawn ( of a sword). 2. §Lightly clothed. 3. Stripped of, destitute
of (c abl., more rarely c ab and abl.). 4. Simple, plain, unadorned.
5. Stripped of every thing, needy, destitute, poor : nuda ista judican
qualia sint non facile possunt, the character of those things taken by
themselves cannot easily be estimated, Cic. ; nuda Ccesaria ira, the anger of
Cajsar by itself, Ov.; loca nuda gignentium, places destitute of vegetation,
Sail.; nudo detrahi re vestimenti, to strip a nuked man (as we say. to get
blood out of a stone), Plaut.
nugae, arum. plf. 1. Trifles, trifling speeches, trifling matters. 2.
Folly, nonsense, frivolity. 3. Jesters, jokers, drolls.
nugator. oris. m. 1. A trifler. 2. An empty boaster, a swaggering
fellow. "*
nugatorie. adv. Triflingly, frivolously.
nugatorius, a, am. adj. Trifling, frivolous, futile, worthless, useless.
nugax. acis. adj. Fond of trifling, frivolous.
nugor, axis, r. dep. 1. To trifle, to play the fool, to talk nonsense. '-•
fTo cheat (c. dat.).
nnllua, a, am, gen. -Hub, etc. adj. ) . None, not one, not any, no. 2.
Of no importance, valueless: nullas dura in Asia civitates socias habelat
P. It., as yet the Roman people had no cities in Asia as its allies, Liv ;
Philotimus nullus venit, Philotimus has not come at n)l, Cic; nulla sum, 1
am undone, Ter.
num. 1. An interrog. particle implying that a negative answer is ex
pected : num barbarorum Romulus rex fuit ? was Romulus a king of
savages ? (of course not). Cic. 2. ( In indirect questions) Whether ? (»tiU
expecting a negative answer) : videte num dubitandum vobis sit, consider
whether you ought to hesitate, Cic
Numantluus, a, um. adj. Of Numantia, a city in Spain which resisted tie
 NUM-NUN 341
Roman» for many yean, and was at last taken by the younger Scipio
Africanus, who received the name of Numantinus.
nnmen, Inis. n. [nuo.] 1. +§A nod, a command, will. 2. (Usually)
The divine will, the will and authority of the Gods. 3. A Deity, a
Ood, a Goddess : promissaque numine firmat, and he confirms his promise
by an oath, i. e. by calling a Ood to witness it, Ov.
>nunierabflis, e. adj. That can be counted, easily counted.
numero, aa. v. a. 1. To count, to reckon, to number: numerare senatum,
to count the senate, to see if there were a sufficient number present to
make a house, Cic 2. To count out, to pay. 3. To reckon up (as
one's own), to have. 4. To reckon, i. e. to account, to consider,
esteem. 5. To enumerate : dos uxoris numerata, his wife's dowry in
ready money or in cash, Cic; extra numeratum duodecim millia pondo
argenti, besides the coined money 12,000 pounds of silver in bullion, Liv. ;
ingenium in numerato habere, to have one talents at command, Quint.
namerose. adv. Melodiously, rhythmically.
namerosns, a, tun. adj. 1. Full of rhythm, rhythmical, melodious, har
monious, tuneful. 2. ^Numerous, populous (of a city).
numeral, i. m. 1, Number, a number (sometimes a great number), a
number of people. 2. Rank, place, enumeration: in hostium numero
habuit, he treated them as enemies, Co».; cum is tibi parentis numero
fuisset, when he had been as a father to you, Cic; Phraaten .... numero
beatorum eximit virtus, virtue excludes Phraates from the list of the happy,
Hor.; fuit nullo in oratorum numero, he was not reckoned at all an orator,
Cic. ; nos numerus sumus, we are a mere number of people, i. e. the common
crowd, only to be reckoned by the head, Hoc; magnus numerus frumenti,
a great quantity of corn, Cic. 3. A part, a division: mundus. .. expletus
omnibus suis numeris atque partibus, the world complete in all its parts
and divisions, Cic; cum desit numeris ipsa juventa suis, when even youth
lalls short of its duties, Ov.; qusedam imperfecta suisque trunca vident
numeris, they see some (animals) imperfect, and curtailed of their due
proportions, Ov. 4. § Proper order. 5. Musical time, rhythm, poetical
measure, (esp. in pi) a verse, poetry: nil extra numerum fecisse modum-
que curas; you take care to do nothing incongruous, or improper, Hoc;
numeros memini, si verba tenerem, I recollect the tune, if I could only
remember the words, Virg. 6. (In pi.) Mathematics, arithmetic. 7.
(in pi.) JTroops, a detachment of an army : reliquos in numeros leginnis
composuerat, the rest he had distributed among the ranks of the legion,
Tac. 8.§ (in pi) Dice. — taM. as adv. 1. Exactly. 2. At the
right moment, seasonably. 3. Prematurely, too soon.
Numida, te. m. f. Of Numidia, a district of Northern Africa; : Nuniidic
sculptile dentis opus, carved work of ivory, Ov.
numisma.— See nomisma.
anmmarinj, a, am. adj. 1. Of or belonging to money, pecuniary. 2.
Bribed with money, corrupt, venal : res numinaria, the coinage, Cic.
nmnmatua, a, tun. adj. only in phr. bene nummatus, with plenty of money,
rich.
tnummftlarius, i. m. A banker, a money dealer.
nummulai, i. m. A small coin, a paltry sum.
nummu», i. m. 1. A coin, a piece of money, (esp.) a sestertius, (con
temptuously) a very small coin : ad nummum convenit, they agree to a
farthing, Cic 2. Money : non modo in sere alieno nullo sed in suis num-
mis multis esse, not only not to be in debt, but to have plenty of ready
money.
nunc. adv. Now, at present, at this moment : ut nunc est, as matters are
now, Cic; qui nunc sunt, the men of the present day, Cic. 2. Now
(enclitic, not of time). 3. Nunc .... nunc, at one time .... at another,
Lir.
nmcia, m. f. A messenger, one who brings news, who relates, who an
nounces.
Z 3
342 NUN—NUX
nunciatio, onis. f. A declaration, an announcement (esp. bj an sngui, of
what he ha« observed).
nuncio, as. v. a. To announce, report, declare, make known.
nuncius, i. m. 1. A messenger, a harbinger, one who brings news, who
brings a report, who gives information. 2. A message, information, news.
3. A command sent by a messenger : neque nuncium priori (uxon) rerai-
sisset, and had not divorced his previous wife, Cic; etsi mulier nuntism
reraisit, although the wife has sent him a letter of divorce, Cic
nuncius, a, urn. adj. That announces, that gives information, that tcDt,
indicates, or makes known, §(n. as most.) a message,
1 nuncubi. inie rnxj. adv. At any time? ever?
Jnuncupatio, onii. /. 1. A naming (esp. as one's heir). 2. A public
pronouncing (of vows, etc.). 3. A dedication.
nuncipo, as. v. a. 1. To name, to call by name. 2. To pronounce
(vows, etc) publicly, to declare solemnly. 3. JTo name as one's heir,
to appoint as heir.
nnndinee, arum. pL f. [novem dies.] 1. A market (the market day st
Rome was every ninth day), a fair. S. Trade, traffic (c. gen. of that in
which].
Jnundlnarius, a, urn. adj. Of a market or fair.
nundlnalio, onis. f. The holding a market, buying and selling, traffic
nundinor, axil. v. dep. 1. To trade, to traffic: in capuvorum prenii
nundinans, chaffering about the ransom of his prisoners, Liv. 2. To ret
by trading, to buy. 3. To flock to (a place) in numbers (as a crowd on
market-day). 4. J To trade in, I. e. to sell (c. in and abl.).
nundinum, L n. A market-day: comitia in trinum nundinum indicts sunt,
the comitia were proclaimed tor the third market-day (i. e. at least 17 days
after), Liv.
nunquam. adv. Never, at no time : nunqnam non, always, Cic
nnper. suptrl. nuperrlme. adv. Lately, recently, freshly.
tnuperns, a, urn. adj. Recent, fresh.
nupta, m. f. A bride, a married woman.
nuptirr. arum. pi. f. A marriage, a wedding.
nuptialis, e. adj. Of a marriage, nuptial.
£nupturio, Is. v. n. To wish to marry (of a maiden).
nurus, us. f. 1. A daughter-in-law. 2. A married woman.
nusquam. adv. 1. Nowhere, in no place. 2. On no occasion. 3. To
no place : plebem nusquam alio natam quam ad serviendum, (they think)
the common people bora for no other object but to be slaves, Liv.; ergo
nunc Dama sodalis nusquam est? is then my companion Dama gone (i. *•
dead)?Hor.
nuto, as. v.n. 1. To nod, to sway to and fro, to wave. 2. To falter,
to waver, to hesitate. 3. To totter, to be ready to fall.
nutrients, i. m. A foster-father, a tutor.
nutrico, as. v. a. To nurse, to nourish, to support.
nutricula, 93. / A nurse.
Snutrlmen, Inis. n., and nutrimentum, i. «. Nourishment, nntrimrot,
aliment, (metaph.) fueL
nutrio, is, ivi, itum. v. a., also Snu trior, v. dep. 1. To nurse, to nourish,
to bring up, to rear. 2. To cherish, take care of, maintain.
niitrix, Icis. / 1. A nurse (lit. and metaph.). 2. (gin pi.). The
breasts.
nutus, us. m. 1. A nod (esp, indicating approbation, the will, or a coo-
mand). 2. Will, pleasure (only in the oblique cases) : ad eorum arbt-
trium et nntum, according to their will and pleasure, Cic 3. A down
ward inclination, a tendency to fall.
nux, nucis../: 1. A nut (the tree or the fruit). 2. §An almond Bee:
castanea nux, a chesnut, Virg.; nux juglans, a walnut, Plin.: ciiius quam
te cassa nuce pauper, t, more easily than he could cheat you of an empty
nut (of a farthing), Hor.; nucibus facimus nnacunque relictis, whstsrer
 NYM-OBE 343
we do when we hare laid aside our toys (nutshells being sometimes used
for toys), Perg.
nympha, se.f. [vufufrn.] I. A wife, a bride. 2. A nymph, (esp. in pi.)
divine nymphs, tutelar deities of woods, lakes, rivers, eta etc
Bysaeus, a, urn ; / Nysias, adis, and Nyseis, Idis. adj. Of Nysa a (town
in India, the birthplace of Bacchus), sacred to Bacchus.—There was another
Nysa in Caria.

0.
0. [S.] tutor;. Oh !
oh. prep. c. ace 1. (Rare) Towards, before (of place). 2. On account
of, for, because of, for the sake of : id frustra an ob rem faciam, whether in
doing this I shall be acting vainly or to the purpose, Sail.
obaeratus, a, urn. adj. [tes (alienum).] In debt ; m. as subst., a debtor.
obambnlatio, onis./. A walking about.
{bambulo, aa. e. n. and a. I. (r. n.) To walk about 2. (v. a.) To
walk near to (c dat ), to prowl about (as a wolf around a flock). 3.
§To roam over (c ace.).
§obarmo, as. v. a. To arm.
obaro, as. r. a. To plongh up, to plough around.
Jobba, SB./l A kind of cup or bottle.
tobbrutesco, is, tui, no sup. r. n. To become stupid, senseless.
obdo, is, dldi. v. a. 1. To put before, against, to oppose to. 2. To
shut. 3. To put in the way of, to expose to.
oMormio. Is, and obdormisco, is, Ivi, Hum. v. n. To sleep, to fall asleep.
obduco, is, zi, ctum. v. a. 1. To bring or draw forward, before, or over
(esp. as a veil or covering). 2. To cover (usu. in pass, in this sense).
3. To swallow, to drink : itaque obduxi posterum diem, and in that way I
passed the next day, Cic.—Set obductus.
Obductio, onis. /. A covering, a veiling.
obductus, a, am. pari. pass, of obduco, q. v. I. Drawn over as a veil or
covering : obductA nocte, as soon as it was night, Nep. ; obductis commit-
tam mene tenebris ? shall I trust myself to the darkness that has overspread
the earth ? Prop. 2. Covered, concealed : obducta cicatrix, a scar closed
up, i e. healed, Cic; obducta sera, a drawn bolt, a closed door, Prop.; ob-
dncta fronte senectus, old age with gloomy or wrinkled brow.
obduresco, is, rui, no sup. r. a. To hecome hardened, hard, callous, obdu
rate.
obd&ro, as. r. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To harden oneself, to persist 2.
(r. a.) To endure resolutely.
obediens, entis. part. fr. obedio ; used also as adj. c compar, etc Obe
dient, compliant, complaisant.
Sbedienter. adv. Obediently.
obedientia, ce. f. Obedience, compliance.
obedio, Is, ivi, Itnm. To obey, to be obedient to: (pass, impers.) utrinque
enixe obeditum dictator] est, the dictator was obeyed with great zeal by
both sides, Liv.
obeo, Is, Ivi, or ii, Itnm. v. a. 1. To go to, towards, against, to go to
meet, to encounter : diem obiit supremum, diem suum obiit, he died, Nep.,
Cic; mortem obiit, he died, Cic; morte obitit, after death has been en
countered, i. e. after death, Virg. 2. To die, to perish (even of a city),
to set (as the sun, stars, etc.). 3. To go round, to visit, to travel
through, to traverse, to go over with the eyes, i. e. to survey, to go through
in describing, i. e. to enumerate. 4. To enter upon (an office or an inhe
ritance), to uudertake, to discharge, perform, execute (a duty, etc) : qui
diligentissime semper ilium diem et illud raunus solitus esset obice, who
Z 4
344 OBE-OBL
had been wont moit rigidly to attend to that day and that bonnes, Cic;
censeo obieris Quinti fratris comitia, I think yon should come to the elec
tion of my brother Quintus, Cic. ; vadimonium mihi non obiit, he did not
appear to his bail, as he had promised me, Cic.
ohequlto, as. v. a. To ride up to (c dat).
oberro, as. v. a. 1 . To wander about 2. To go astray, to blonder.
dbesus, a, um. adj. Fat, stout, corpulent, plump : neque naris obesa ju-
venis, (a youth) whose sense of smell, whose delicacy of judgment, is not
wholly obscured, Hor.
obex, oblcis; but in all good poets objloia. »>. 1. A bolt, a bar, a barrier
2. Any obstacle, hinderance, or impediment.
•l-tobhaereo, es, si, sum. v. n. To stick fast
oblr&tio, onis. f. Anger.
Joblter. adv. By the way, on the way, while travelling.
obitus, a, am. fart. ft. obeo, q. v.
obitus, us. m. 1. (+Rare) An approach. 2. Death, destruction, ruin,
setting (of stars, etc).
objacco, es, ui, no sup. v. n. To be in the way of, to lie before (c. dat.), to
be in front.
object atio, onis./. A reproach.
objecto, as. v. a. 1. To place against, in the way of, to expose to, to ex
pose or abandon (to danger or destruction) : caput objectare fretis to
plunge their heads into (i. e. to dive beneath) the waters, Virg. ; objec-
tatque moras, and puts delay in the way, i. e. causes delay, Ov. 2. To
bring against (a person) as a reproach, to reproach with (c. ace of the thing
imputed, dat pers.).
objeotus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. objicio, q. v. 1. Lying before, lying in
front of (c. dat). 2. Exposed to (c. dat, or c ad and ace.).—a. pt.
as titbit., things objected to one, accusations, reproaches.
objeotus, US. m. 1. A putting forward, a placing in the way, a projection.
'2. That which stands forward, an object (of sight).
objicio, Is, jeci, jeotum. v. a. 1. To put before, to put in the way of,
to bring before, to throw before, to offer to, to expose to (c. dat or c. in
and ace). 2. To put or place in the way as an obstacle, to oppose to.
3. To throw over (as a veil). 4. To cause (a feeling, fear, etc.), to in
flict (an evil, madness, etc.) on, to suggest (an idea). 5. To object to,
bring forward as an objection against, reproach with.
objurgatio, onis./ Reproof, chiding, blame.
objurgator, orius. m. A reprover, a chider, a reproacher.
objurgatorius, a, urn. adj. Objurgatory, reproving, reproachful.
objurgo, as. v. a. 1. To reprove, reproach (c. ace). 2. JTo chastise,
to punish. 3. fTo deter by reproof or reproach.
oblanguesco, is, gui. v. n. To become languid, to languish.
oblatua, a, am. part. fr. offero, q. v.
§oblectamen, Inis. n., and obleotamentum, i. n., and oblect&tio, onis./.
Delight, pleasure, amusement
oblecto, as. v. a. To delight, please, amuse, entertain : scribis ut oblectem
Btudio miserable tempus, you bid me beguile my time of sorrow with studv,
Ov.
Sblido, is, si, sum. v. a. To squeeze together : oblisis faucibus corpus a
body which had been strangled, Tac.
Obllgo, as. i'. a. 1. To bind together, to bind up, to tie up, to bandage up.
2. To bind (by an oath, promise, surety, engagement, etc.), to pot
under an obligation : obligatus ei nihil eram, I was under no obliga
tion to him, Cic.j me vobis obligavit fortuna, fortune attached me t»
you, Liv.; obligatam redde Jovi dnpem, pay to Jupiter the feast yoa art
bound by your vow to offer, Hor.; Prometheus obligatus aliti, Prometheus
destined for ever to the vulture, Hor. ; obligor ut tangam, I am compelled
to touch . . ., Ov. 3. To mortgage, to pawn. 4. To impede, to en
tangle, to embarrass, to involve. " Cum populum It. sctlere obligates
 OBL — OBR 345
wJieD you had involved the Roman people in crime, Cic. ; ne anili super-
•titione obligemor, lest we should be guilty of womanly superstition, Cic.
oblimo, as. v. a. 1. To cover with mud or slime, to choke up. 2.
£To cause to disappear, to squander.
obllno, Is, levi, lltum. c. a. 1. To bedaub, to besmear,. 2. To
stop up by bedaubing. 3. To stain, to defile, to pollute. 4. To
cover over: cum eas (facetias) videam oblitas Latio, when I see those jokes
tinctured with the style of Latium, Cic. ; ohlitam reddunt orationem, they
make the speech seem overloaded (with ornament, opp. to distincta), Cic.
oblique, adv. Obliquely, sideways, athwart.
obliquo, as. v. a. To turn or guide in a slanting direction, obliquely.
obliquus, a, am. adj. 1. ObUque, slanting, awry, sideways. 2. Indirect,
sidelong (of a glance, etc.) : ab obliquo, per obliquum, in a slanting direc
tion, iiv.. Hor. : obliquo oculo, looking askance, i. e. with an envious eye,
I [or.; obliquo pede, with a distorted foot, Ov.; cursibus obliquis Aliens,
flowing with a winding course, Ov.
oblitero, as. c. a. To obliterate, to efface, blot out : nullius in animo oblite-
rari, to be effaced from the recollection of no one, Liv.
oblltesco, is, tui, no sup. r. n. To lie hid, to hide, to conceal oneself.
oblitus, a, tun. part. fr. oblino, q. v.
oblitus, a, am. part. fr. obliviscor, q. v. ; as adj. Forgetful (c. gen.).
ibiivio. onis. f. Forgetfulness, oblivion.
oblividsui, a, am. adj. 1. Forgetful. 2. fCaasing forgetfulness.
obliviscor, iris, Sblitas sum. r. dtp. To forget, to be forgetful of, unmind
ful of (c. gen. or c. ace, or c. ace. and infin.).
oblivium, i. n. (always in pi., except once in Tac.). Forgetfulness, oblivion.
oblongus, a, am. adj. 1. Rather long. 2. Oblong.
obloquor, iris, locutos sum. v. dtp. I . To oppose in speaking, to contra
dict (c. dat.). 2. To interrupt : non avis obloquitur, no bird breaks the
silence with its voice, Ov.; obloquitur numeris septem discrimina vocum,
he mingles the notes of his seven-stringed lyre with his song, Virg.
obloctor, axis. r. dep. To struggle against (c dat).
obmolior, iris. v. dip. 1. JTo throw up as an obstruction. 2. To
block up.
cbmurmuxo, as. v. a. To murmur against, object to (c. dat.).
obmutesco, is, tax, no sup. v.n. To be dumb, speechless, silent; (metaph.
of energy, pain, eta) to relax.
obiitas, a, am. adj. Growing upon (c. dat).
obnitor, iris, nizos sum. v. dep. To push, struggle, or strive against, to
push or struggle vigorously.
obnixe. adv. Vigorously, with a strenuous effort.
cboixns, a, um. part. fr. obnitor; as adj. Resolute in resistance.
obaoxie. adv. In a slavish manner or spirit.
obnoxios, a, am. adj. 1. Subject to, liable to, exposed to, obnoxious to.
2. Addicted to. 3. Submissive, obedient. 4. Under obligations to.
5. Submissive, abject, meanspirited. 6. Liable to punishment Obnoxia
nax, a dishonourable peace, Liv,; minus obnoxium est, it is less dangerous,
Tac.; nee fratris radiis obnoxia luna surgere (videtur), nor does the moon rise
opposite to (so as to reflect, or be indebted to) her brother's beams, Virg.
obaftbo, is, psi, ptum. r. a. To cover, to veil.
obnunciatio, onis. /'. An announcement of an unfavourable omen.
obauncio, as. r. a. To announce an unfavourable omen: obnunciare concilio,
to prevent an assembly being held by the announcement of bad omens, Cic.
tibsleo, es, ui v. n. 1. To smell, to stink : niarsupiu.ni huic oboluit, she
bas smelt your purse, Plant
obolus, L m. [oGo\6t.] A small Greek coin, the sixth of a drachma.
■'honor, iris and Iri, ortus sum. v. dep. To arise, to rise up, to rise upon (c.
dst): tenebris obortis, when night came on, Nep.
"abortus, (is. m. A rising, an origin.
obrtpo, is, psi, turn. v. a. 1. To creep on, to creep upon, to creep over, to
346 OBR-OBS
come imperceptibly or gradually upon (c. dat or c. in and ace), to strive
by degreea at (c. ad and ace.). 2. tTo cheat (c dat).
t>6bretio, is, ivi, itum. v. a. To catch in a net, to entangle.
obrigesco, is, gui, no nip. ••. n. To grow bard or stiff, to stiffen.
obrogatio, onis./ A partial repeal (of a law).
obrogo, as. e. a. To repeal partially, to repeal (c. dat) : (pau. impers.) hue
legi neque obrogari fas est, neque tota abrogari potest, this law can witter
be repealed partly nor wholly, Cic
obrno, is, ui, itum. v. a. 1. To cover over, to bury (metaph. in ob
livion, etc. — lit only in Tac). 2. To sink, to overwhelm, to oppress,
weigh down, crush. 3. To efface, to abolish, to obscure, to put so end
to : vino se obruisse, that he steeped himself in wine, Cic.; sex suos obnit
consulatut, he effaced the glory of his six consulships, Cic.
obrussa, m. f. A test, a method of testing (esp. of assaying gold).
tobsatnro, as. v. a. To satiate, to glut
tobscaevo, as. r. a. To bring a bad omen.
obscene, adv. Obscenely, indecently, licentiously.
obscenltas, atis. f. Licentiousness, unchasti ty, indecency, obscenity.
obscenus, a, urn. adj. 1. Of ill omen, inauspicious, boding ill. 2. ID-
looking, disgusting, repulsive, foul. 3. Immodest, indecent, licentious,
obscene.
obscuratio, onis. / 1. A darkening, obscuring, obscuration. 2.
Darkness.
obscure, adv. 1. Darkly, dimly. 2. Obscurely, not plainly, unintel
ligibly. 3. Secretly, in a concealed or covert manner.
obscurltas, atis. / 1. Darkness, obscurity (lit and metaph.). 2. In
distinctness, want of plainness or clearness. 3. Obscurity of birth,
meanness of condition.
obscuro, as. v. a. 1. To make dark, to darken, to obscure. 2. To
eclipse. 3. To hide, to conceal, to cover. 4. tTo blind (the under
standing, etc.). 5. To render obscure (i. e. difficult to understand). 6.
To render obscure (i. e. unknown), to cause to be forgotten, to render obso
lete; (in pan.) to be forgotten, to have become obsolete.
obscurus, a, am. adj. 1. Dark, darksome, dusky, hid in dark shade.
2. §In the dark (of a person doing anything). 3. Obscure, not plain,
indistinct, not easily to be understood, ambiguous. 4. Obscure by birth
or rank, low-born, mean, ignoble, unknown. 5. Close, reserved. — §*. u
nhtt., the dark, darkness.
obsecratio, onis. /. 1. A beseeching, supplication, entreatfy. 2. A
protestation, which the Gods are invoked to witness. 3. A public sap-
plication.
obsecro, as. To pray, beg, supplicate, entreat, beseech.
obsecundo, as. v. n. To be obedient to, complaisant to, to humour (c. dat).
obsepio, is, sepsi, septum, v. a. To close up, to block up, to render im
passable.
obsequela, se (very rare); and obsequentia, se, and obseqnium, i. a. Ob
sequiousness, obedience, complaisance, compliance, humouring the wish of
another : obsequio tranantur aquae, rivers are swum across by yielding to
the stream, Ov.
obsequens, entis. part, from obsequor, q. v.; also as adj. 1. Obsequies*,
complaisant 2. fFavourable, propitious.
obsequenter. adv. In a spirit of complaisance, so as to gratify (c. dat).
obsequor, iris, sScutus stun. r. dtp. To obey, to comply with, to submit
to, to humour, to gratify, to indulge.
obsero, as. v. a. To bolt, to bar, to shut
obsero, is, sevi, si turn. v. a. 1. To sow, to plant. 2. To cover, to CU
up (c. abl. of the means) : obsita squalore vestia, his dress all over filth,
Li v.; Io . . . setis obsita, Io overgrown with bristles, Virg.; rex obsitus kto,
the king overwhelmed with age, Virg.
 0B S 347
obserrani, antif. part, from observo, q. v.; also as adj., c. compar. etc.
Attentive to (c gen.).
observantia, w.f. Observance, attention, respect.
observatio, onis. f. 1. Observation, a taking notice of. 2. Circum
spection.
observo, as ; and (very rare) observito, as. v. a. 1. To watcb, note,
heed, observe, remark. 2. To watch (in any way, as a shepherd, etc.),
to watch for (esp. in order to catch or to take advantage of). 3. To
observe, i. e. keep, obey, adhere to (laws, commands, agreements, etc).
4. To pay observance to, attention to, to show respect for, do honour to.
obses. Idis. m.f. A besieging, a blockade, a siege.
obsessor, oris. in. 1. §One who frequents or occupies a place. 2. (The
more usu. sense) A besieger.
obsldeo, es, and obsldo, is, sSdi, sessum. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) +To sit
quiet, to remain. 2. (v. a.) To haunt, to frequent. 3. (The most
usu. tense) To besiege, to blockade, to invest. 4. To occupy, to fill
completely: palus . . . densis obsessa salictis, a marsh full of thick osier
beds, Ov. 5. To watch closely, to be on the look-out for.
Obsldio, onis./, and obsldium, i. n. A siege, a blockade : cum obsidione
rempublicam liberasset, when he (Marius) delivered the whole republic
from being invested by the enemy, Cic
Cobsldium, is. A being a hostage : Mithridates obsidio nobis datus, Mi-
tbridates having been delivered to us a hostage, Tac
obsignator, oris. m. 1. A sealer, one who seals up. 2. A witness to
a will, who sets his seal to it.
obsigno, as. v. a. 1. To seal, to seal up, to sign and seal, as a witness,
or at an accuser. 2. §fTo impress, to stamp.
tobsipo, as. v. a. To sprinkle upon : obsipat aquulam, (prov.) it refreshes
me. Plant.
obsisto, is, stiti, stitum. v. n. 1. f(Rare) To stand, to station oneself.
2. To stand against, i. e. to withstand, resist, oppose, binder, be an ob
stacle to.
obsltns, a, Tim. part. pass. fr. obsero, is, q. v.
obsdiesco, is, levi, letum. v. n. To wear out, grow old, decay, become ob
solete, fall into disuse.
obsolete, adv. Poorly, meanly, humbly.
obsoletru, a, um. pari, of prec.; also as adj. 1. Worn out, decayed, gone to
decay, obsolete. 2. Common, ordinary, poor, paltry.
t*obsonator, oris. m. A caterer, a purveyor.
obsonium, i. n. [oblivion.] What it eaten with bread; victuals (esp. fish).
obsono, as. v. a., and obsonor, aris. v. dtp. To buy provisions, to cater, to
provide : te obsonare ambulando famem, (he said) that he was getting
(providing himself with) an appetite by walking, Cic.
tobsono, as, ui, itum. v. a. To interrupt by making a noise (c. dat.).
obsorbeo, es, psi, ptom. r. a. To sup up, to swallow, to devour.
obstans, antii. part, of obsto, q. v. ; n. pi. as subst. Obstacles, impedi
ments.
obstitrix, Icis./. A midwife.
obstinate, adv. Obstinately, pertinaciously, stubbornly.
obstinatio, onis. f. Obstinacy, stubbornnetss : Quse ego omnia obstina-
tione sentential repudiavi, all which I rejected from a steadfast adherence to
my own opinion, Cic : tacituma obstinatio, obstinate silence, Nep.
obstinatus, a, run. part. pass, of seq. ; used also as adj. c. compar. etc.
1. Obstinate, stubborn, unyielding, inflexible, resolutely determined. 2.
Positively resolved on (of a measure).
obstino, as. v. a. To be firmly resolved on (c. ace of the object) : obstinave-
rant an i mis aut vincere aut mori, they had firmly resolved in their minds
to conquer or to die.
obstipns, a, am. adj. Bent on one side, leaning to one side, bent forward,
bowed down (of the head of one trembling, or meditating).
348 0 B S—O B T
obstltns, a, um. past. part, of obsisto (used only in a technical sense, by ao-
gurs). Struck by lightning.
obsto, as, stiti, statum. v.n. 1. JtTo stand before (c. dat.). 2. To
■tand in the way of, (so as) to withstand, resist, oppose, hinder, be an ob
stacle to (c, dat, often c. quin, quominus, or ne and wbj.) : cetera vita
coram liuic sceleri obstat, all the rest of their lives is a hinderance to their
being thought guilty of this wickedness, Sail. ; exercitus hostium duo ob-
stant, two armies of enemies block up our path. Sail. ; pass, as imperii
si non obstatur, if no opposition is offered, Cic. ; indignatur obstari anime
misera de sede volenti exire ; he is indignant that a soul wishing to quit
its wretched abode should be prevented from doing so, Ov.
obstrepo, is, ui, ltum. v. a. 1 . To make a loud noise (esp. so as to hinder
another noise from being beard : certatum alter alteri obstrepere, each began
to try to bawl down the other, Liv. ; obstrepi clamore militant, tf> be
drowned by the shouts of the soldiers, Cic. 2. To sound, to brawl (of
brooks, of musical instruments, etc.) : si non obstreperetur aquis, if it (tbe
place) did not resound with the babbling of the brook, Ov. 3. To mo
lest, to annoy.
obstringo, is. inxi, ictnm. e. a. 1. To bind, to confine. 2. To bind
by, or lay under an obligation, to bind (by an oath ), to fetter, to hamper.
3. To involve (in crime, in debt, etc.). 4. Obstringo me (c. abb), to in
volve oneself in, implicate oneself in, i. e. be guilty of, commit, perpetrate
(c. abl. of the crime).
obstruct io, onis. f. An obstruction, a barrier.
obstruo, is, zi, ctum. r. a. 1. To build up, csp. as a defence. 2.
To block up by building : obstructa saxa, rocks lying in the way (so as to
check the course of a river), Ov. ; placidasqne viri Dens obstruit aures, and
the Ood closes against her the usually kind ears of the man, Virg. S.
To obstruct, hinder, be n hinderance to, prevent (c. ace. or c. dat.).
obstupefaoio, Is, feci, factum; /mm. So, is. etc. r. a. To astonish, amaze,
perplex by astonishment, astound, stupify.
obstupesco, is, pui, no sup. v. n. To be amazed, astonished, stupified with
astonishment (sometimes c. abl. of the cause).
obsum, obes, fui. v. ». To be in the way of, to be an obstacle or hinderance
to, to be injurious to, to injure (c. dat.).
obsuo, is, ui, utum. v. a. 1. To sew up, close up by sewinsr. 2. To
sew on.
obsuxdesco, is, dui, no sup. v. n. +To become deaf, to be deaf, to close one's
ears. t
obtego, is, xi ctum. v. a. To cover, (so as) to protect or to conceal.
obtemperatio, onis. /. Obedience, compliance.
obtempero, as. v. a. 1. To obey, comply with, submit to, attend to tbe
wishes of: nd id quod ex verbis intelligi possit obtemperare, to obey an
order in its spirit (ojip. to ad verba, to the letter), Cic: qui obtemperat ipse
sibi, who attends himself to his own rules that he lays down for others,
Cic. 2. fTo regard with indulgence.
obteudo, is, di, turn. v. a. 1 . To stretch or spread before (as a covering,
or protection, or means of concealment). 2. To envelope, to cover. J-
JTo allege as a plea, pretext, or excuse : obtenta densantur nocte tenebrie,
there is thick darkness, night being spread over the land, Virg.
obtentus, us. m. 1. A spreading or stretching before, or over. 2. *A
plea, a pretext, an excuse.
obtero, is. trlvi, tritum. v. a. 1. To bruise, crush, break to pieces. -■
To trample on (rights, etc.), to put down. 3. To disparage, detract from:
quum Pcenus mancipia Romana et ex ergastulo militem verbis obtererel,
as the Carthaginian leader spoke contemptuously of the enemy, calling
them mere Roman slaves, and soldiers let out of the gaols, Liv.
obtestatio, anis./. 1. An invocation of the Gods as wituesses, a calling
as a witness. 2. Earnest entreaty, supplication.
 0BT—OBV 349
oitestor, aril r. dep. 1. To invoke or call as a witness, to call to wit
ness. 2. To entreat, to beseech, to supplicate.
obtexo, is, ni, xt am. v. a. 1 . JTo weave over. 2. To overspread, to
cover.
obticeo, es, and obticesco, is, cui, no sup. r. n. To become silent, to be
silent.
obtlneo, es, ui, snp. not found, v. a. and n. 1 . (v. a.) To hold, to have,
to possess, to occupy, to preserve, to maintain : ex qu& insula nummua nul
la* me obtinente erogabitur, from which island not a farthing shall be
exacted during my administration (just before, he says, me obtinente pro-
vinciam), Cic ; numerum Deorum obtinebunt, they will be ranked among
the Gods, Cic. 2. To get, acquire, obtain. 3. To prove, to esta
blish (an opinion or argument). 4. (p. n.) To prevail (as a report, etc),
to be general: pro vero antea obtinebat, formerly it was accepted as a
truth, Sail.
obtingo, is, tlgi, no sup. v. n. To happen, to befall, to fall to the lot of:
si quid obtigerit, if anything should happen to me, i. e. if I should be
killed, Cic.
obtorpesco, is, pni, no sup. r. n. To become torpid, to lose all feeling, to be
stupified.
obtorqueo, es, si, turn. r. a. 1. To turn round, wrench, twist : ob-
torta gula, being seized by the throat (lit. his throat being twisted), Cic.
obtrectatio, Bnis./. Detraction, depreciation, disparagement, aspersion.
obtrectator, oris. m. One who disparages, depreciates, detracts from,
asperses.
Obtrecto, as. v. a. To disparage, depreciate, detract from, asperse (c dat. or
c ace): obtrectfirunt inter se (of Themistocles and Aristides), they were
in continual opposition to one another, Nep.
tobtrildo, is, si, sum. v. a. To thrust or force upon.
obtruaco, as. v. a. To cut down, to slay.
tobtueor, eris, tultus sum. v. dep. To gaze upon, to see. V.
obttmdo. is, tadi, tusum. r. a. 1. To beat. 2. To blunt. 3. (To
weaken or dim any sense, that of hearing, by importunity, or by loud talk
ing, therefore) To weary, to deafen, to stun, to make (one's voice) hoarse, to
blunt, to dull (the perception; opp. to acuo).
obtnrho, as. v. a. To disturb, to throw into confusion, to distract.
tobtnrsresco, is, no perf. r. n. To swell.
obturo, as. v. a. To stop up, block up, to close. 2. To assuage.
obtusus, a, tun. part. fr. obtundo, q. v.; also as adj. c. compar. etc. D'tiut,
blunted, dull, enfeebled.
obnmbro, as. v. a. 1. To overshadow, to shade, to darken. 2. To
conceal, to screen, to cover (either so as to conceal or to protect) : nunquam
obscura nomina etsi aliquando ohumbrentur, names which are never ob
scure, though they may for a while be thrown into the shade, Tac.
?6bun(nis, a, nm. adj. Hooked, crooked, curved.
§obustos, a, um. part, from oburo, intts. Burnt at the end, hardened
in the fire : gleba obusta gelu, the soil dried up with frost, Ov.
obvallo, as. c. a. To fortify with a rampart, to fortify, to defend.
obTenio, Is, y§ni, ventum. r. n. (c. dat.). 1 . To come in the way of, to
meet 2. To come up. 3. To fall to the lot of. 4. To happen.
Obversor, aris. v. dep. To go about in the sight of, to appear before, be
present to, at, or in (c. dat).
obverto, is, ti, stun. v. a. 1. To turn or direct (c in and ace, also §c. dat
of that towards or against which ) : profligatis obversis, the enemy having
been put to flight, Tac.
obviam. adv. In the way, so as to meet (either in a friendly way, or to en
counter an enemy) : fit obviam Clodio, he meets Clodius, Cic; cupiditati
hominum obviam ire, to oppose the covetousness of men, Cic; ni Cffisar
obviam isset, if Casar had not prevented it, Tac.
Obvinj, g^ gn. adj. 1. Meeting, so as to meet, so as to encounter (either
350 0BV—0CC
in a friendly or hostile manner) : cui mater sese tolit obvia, whom his mother
met. Lit.; m mihi obvium dedit, he met me, Liv.; ultroqne ferebantobria
aecurii libera lactii over, and the sheep of their own accord offered their
milky adders to men without giving them the trouble of seeking then, Till.
2. §In the way of, exposed to (an evil, an enemy, etc). 3. string
ready to hand, obvious. 4. {Accessible, affable.
obvolvo, is, vi, Tolfttom. v. a. 1. To muffle up. 2. To cover up, u
disguise, to conceal, to cloak.
OCCSCO, as. r. a. 1. To blind. 2. To darken, to render dark. 3. To
render obscure. 4. To conceal. 5. §To benumb, to render inactive.
occallesco, it, lui, no sup. o. a. To grow hard, callous, insensible.
oocano. U, ui, cantam. r. a. To sound (as a trumpet, etc).
occasio, onis. / An occasion, an opportunity: spes castra hostiom per
occasionem incendendi, a hope of finding an opportunity to burn the enemy's
camp, Liv.
occasus. As. m. 1. A going down, a setting (of the sun, stars, etc).
2. The west. 3. Downfall, ruin, death.
occatio, onis. /. A harrowing.
toccedo, is, cessi, cessum. «. a. To go forward, to go towards.
occento, as. r. a. To sing against (so as to lampoon), to sing before (so st
to serenade).
occldens, entis. part prts. fr. occedo, q. v. ; also as adj. Setting, de
clining (of the sun, or metaph. of life); (in. as subst.) the west.
occldio, onis. /. Slaughter, massacre, complete destruction : cum prop*
occidione occisi essent, when they had been slain almost to a man, Liv.
occido. is, cldi, cisum. r. a. [caedo.] 1 . To strike down, beat, cut down,
kill, slay, slaughter. 2. (Metaph.) To worry to death.
occido, is, cldi, casnm. r. n. [cado.] 1. To fall down, to fall. 2. T*
go down, to set (of the sun, etc.). 3. To fall, perish, die. 4. To be
undone, to be ruined : occidit spes omnia et fortuna nostri nominis, there
is an end of all the hopes and good fortune of our race, Hor.
occiduus. a, nm. adj. 1. Setting, declining (as the sun, day, light, etc,
and metaph. of old age). 2. Western.
occino, is, ui, centum, c. a. To sing inauspiciously, to give an unfavourable
omen by the voice (of a bird).
occlpio, is, cepi, ceptum. t. a. and s. To begin, to commence.
*occipitium, i, and ; occiput, itis. n. The back of the head.
occisio, onis./. Slaughter, massacre, murder.
foccisor, oris. m. A killer, a slayer.
occisus, a, so. part. past. fr. occido, q. v. Occisissimus omnium, the most
thoroughly ruined of all men, Plant.
occludo, is, si, ram. t>. o. 1. To shut up. 2. To close against (c
ilat.). 3. +To prevent, to restrain.
ooco, as. r. a. To harrow.
Soccubo, as, ui e. n. To lie (esp. to be buried).
occulco, as. v. a. To trample down.
occulo, is, ui. Itum. r. a. To cover up, hide, conceal, to secrete.
occultatio, onis./. Hiding, concealing, concealment
occnltator, oris. m. A hider, a concealer.
occulte. adv. In a hidden manner, secretly, clandestinely.
occulto, as. v. a. To hide, to conceal, to secrete : Stella; (errantes) turn oc-
cultantur, the planets at one time are not visible, Cic
occultus, a. nm. part. fr. occulo; also as adj. c. compar. etc 1. Hidden,
concealed, secret. 2. (Of a person) Reserved, concealing one's inten
tions or disposition : crescit, occulto velut arbor ibvo, fama Marcelli, the
fame of Marcellus grows, as a tree does, with the imperceptible lapse of
time, Hor. ; occultus odii, dissembling his hatred, Tax.
ooenmbo, is, cubui, cabltum. t>. a. To fall, i. e. to die (esp. to be slain).—
We find occumbere morte, mortem, and §morti, in Liv., Cic, Virg, etc
ooenpatio, Ollia. / 1. An occupying, occupation, taking possession of.
 OCC—OCT 351
2. A business, occupation, employment, business: hffl tantularum rerum
occupationca, engaging in auch trifles aa these, Cic 3. Ante occupatio,
an anticipation of the arguments of the opposite party, Cic.
oecupatos, a, am. part, of seq. ; also as adj. c. compar., etc Occupied,
busy : nemo adhuc convenire me voluit cui fuerira occupatus, no one has
ever wished to aee me that I was too busy to see him, Cic
oecupo, as. v. a. 1. To take possession of, to seize, to occupy. 2. §To
attack, to strike, to wound. 3. To seize (aa a feeling seize* a person).
4. To occupy, i. e. employ (a persoa, time, money, etc.), to invest (money) :
pecuniam adolescentulo grandi fenore occupavisti, you lent money to the
young man at high interest, Cic. 5. To be beforehand with, to antici
pate: Fidenatea . . . priusquam tantum roboris esset quantum futurum
apparebat occupant bellum facere, the people of Fidense hasten to make
war upon them before they arrive at the power which it is clear they will
attain, Liv.
oecurro, is, ri, rsum. r. n. c. dat. 1. To meet, to go to meet, to meet
with. 2. To come to, to go to, to appear at, to arrive at : ut mihi He-
racleam occurreret, (I bade him) come to Heraclea to meet me, Cic 3.
to encounter, to attack. 4. To oppose, resist, counteract 5. To meet
(an objection, i. e.) to refute. 6. To obviate, remedy, provide against,
to guard against : ego occurram expectationi vestrae, I will satisfy your ex
pectations, i. e. do what you expect, Cic 7. To occur, arise, suggest,
or present itself.
ocenxsatio, 6ms. f. A going to meet (a person, as a mark of respect or to
court his favour).
occurso, as. v. n. 1. To meet, to meet with. 2. To attack, to en
counter, to oppose. 3 ft To occur to (c dat, tc. ace).
occursus, us. in. A meeting, a meeting with: vacuis hominum occursu viis,
in the streets so empty that no man was to be met in them, Liv. ; ni rota
. . . stipitis occursu fracta . . . fuisset, if the wheel bad not been broken
by running against a stump, Ov.
Oeeanus, i. ['OWaroj.] 1. The ocean. 2. Oceanus the God.
tdcellata, onun. n. pi. Dice.
ocellus, L m. An eye, (as a term of endearment) darling : Sirmio insularum
ocelle, Sirmio, loveliest of islands, Cat.
Sclmum, i. n. The herb basil : cum . . . cantaverit ocima vemse, when
she has abused the servant, i. e. used such language to him as market-
women use, Pers.
ocior. ns. compar., superl. ocissimus. adj. without a positive [axis.]
Swifter, more rapid, more speedy.
onus, compar., superl. ocisslme. 1. More swiftly, rapidly, speedily,
sooner. 2. (Also compar. in the positive sense) Swiftly, quickly : se
rins ocius, sooner or later, Hor.
ocrea. de.f. 1. A greave, or armour for the leg. 2. A hunting boot or
gaiter.
ocreatus, a, am. adj. Wearing greaves or hunting boots.
octavo*, a, am. Eighth ; %•/. as tubst., the eighth hour • n. as adv., for
the eighth time.
octies. adv. Eight times.
octingenteslmos, a, tun adj. The eight hundredth.
octingenti, m, a. ;;/. adj. Eight hundred.
Soctipes. edis. adj. With eight feet.
OCtO. indtd. [&KT<i.] Eight.
October, bris. m. October ; (also as adj.) of October.
octogeni, se, a. adj. pi. 1. Eighty apiece 2. Eighty.
octogeslmus, a, am. adj. Eightieth.
octogies, adv. Eighty times.
octoginta. imdecl. Eighty. ., - .
octojugis, e. adj. In a team of eight, eight. > '
I
352 0 C T — CE D I
octoni, ee, a. adj. pi. 1 . Eight to each, eight apiece. 2. Eight : octorae
Idus, the Ides which fall on the eighth day after the None?, Mo.-.; octosii
iterum natalibus actis, on my sixteenth birth-day, Ov.
octophorum, i. n. [okt& <ptpu.] A litter borne by eight bearers.
octupll. atus, a, am. adj. Multiplied eightfold.
octaplas, a, nm. adj. Eightfold ; (n. as s*4»(.) a penalty of eightfold tte
diimage done, etc
octussis, is. in. A sum of eight asses.
oculatus, a, am. adj. 1 . With eyes or sight : oculatns testis, an eye
witness, Flaut.; male oculatus, with bad eyes, Suet. 2. Conspiawej,
manifest.
+oculissimu», a, urn. adj. Most darling, dearest
oculus, i. m. 1. An eye : fuit in oculis, he was always before the world,
Cic. ; in oculis sita sunt, they are conspicuous objects. Sail. '2. An eye
in a plant, a bud. Cicero calls Corinth and Carthage duo illos ocalw
one maritimse, the two eyes, i. e. the chief ornaments of the sea-coast of tie
Mediterranean ; ocule mi, my darling, Flaut.
J§6de, es. /. [*>5*j.] A song.
£6deum, i. «. A music hall.
odi. di-f. perf. in pres. sense; no tenses but those derived from pert To hate,
to detest.
odiQse. adv. In an odious or tiresome manner, unpleasantly, unseasonably,
impertinently.
odiosus, a, nm. adj. Calculated to provoke disgust or hatred, tiresome,
vexatious, odious, detestable : nullum verbum insolens, nullum odiosnE
poncre audebat, he employed no unusual or affected terms, Cic
odium, i. n. Dislike, disgust, hatred, hate, aversion : quod mihi odium cur.
P. Clodio fuit, what quarrel had I with P. Clodius? Cic; tanto in odio e»:
omnibus, he is 60 unpopular with all men, Cic. ; nunquam tanto odio civiuu
fuit, he never was so unpopular in (or so much detested in, such an obj«t
of detestation to) the city, Cic.
odor, oris. m. 1. a smell, a scent, an odour. 2. A fragrant or sireet
smell. 3. (Usu. pi. in this sense) Perfumes, unguents, aromatic spce*.
4. A bad smell (rare): odor quidam suspicions, a slight taint of suspicion,
Cic: est nonnullus odor dictatura:; there is some idea of a dictatorship, Ct.
odor urbanitatis, a tincture of good breeding, Cic.
odoratio, onis./. A smelling.
odoratus, us. m. 1. A smelling. 2. The sense of smell.
odoratus, a, am. pari. fr. odoro ; used also as adj. 1 . Fragran t, swcetsnwiliac,
odoriferous. 2. Anointed with perfumes, perfumed.
§8d6rMer, Jra, Srom. adj. 1. Odoriferous fragrant. 2. Produtia;
perfumes, producing fragrant herbs and spices: gentis odorifene forrjorj-
sima, the lovliest of the nation where perfumes are grown, L e. of tse
Persians, Ov.
odoro, as. v. a. To render fragrant with perfume.
odoror, aris. v. dtp. 1. To smell out, to scent out 2. To investi|»le>
explore, trace out, inquire into.
§odorus, a, am. adj. 1. Odoriferous, fragrant, snectsmelling. -■
„ Having an acute sense of smell, having a good nose.
Odrysias, a, am. adj. Of the Odrj-sse (a Thracian tribe), Thracian: Oir;-
sius dux, Rhesus, Ov.; OdrysiuB tyrannus, Tereus, Ov.
Odyssea, »./. ['Otvo-ceis.'j The Odyssey of Homer.
(Eagrius, a, am. adj. Of (Eager (an old king of Thrace), Thracian (Orpitsi
nlso is esp. called (Eagrius, as the son of (Eager): nondum (Eatn^
Hamus, HcCmus not yet made illustrious by Orpheus, Ov.
(Ebalus, a, um. adj. ; and/ (Ebalis, Idis. Of Laconia, Spartan.
oecoiiomicus. a, um. adj. [oUovoiila.] Relating to the management of do
mestic atra-ira.
(EdipS&Ionius, a, am. adj. Reigned over by (Edipus.
 CE N E — 0 P F 353
(Eneus, and (Eneius, a, urn. adj. Of (Eneus, father of Tydciu, and king
of Calydon.
andpbSmm, i. n. [olvos tptpv.] A wine basket.
astrus. L m. [olo-rooi.] Some sort of stinging intact, a gadfly.
oenus, an old form of unus, q. v.
aaypum, L a. [oimin;.] The dirt adhering to sheep's wool, used as a cos
metic.
ojtmua, a, run. adj. Of Mount (Eta, where Hercules was burnt : (Etreus,
Hercules, Ot.
Ufella, 88./. A mouthful, a morsel.
off*, »./. 1. A cake, or ball of flour. 2. A piece, a morsel. 3.
*A shapeless mass, an abortion. 4. JA swelling from a blow.
j-offatim adv. In small pieces.
offendo, is, di, rem. t>. n. and a. I. (r. n.) To strike against, to strike
upon, to run upon (c. dat, or c. in and ace, or c. ace, as a ship strikes
on a rock, etc). 2. (v. a.) To hurt by so striking against : cecidisse ex
equo dicitur, et Iatus offenditse vehementer, he is said to have fallen from
his horse, and to have hurt his side exceedingly, Cic 3. (r. a.) To
come upon, meet with, find (c ace.). 4. (». n.) To stumble, blunder,
commit an error or fault, to offend, to be offensive. 5. (v. n.) To fail,
be unfortunate, meet with disaster : naves in redeundo offenderunt, the
ships in returning were unlucky (were taken), Cass. 6. (r. a.) To
offend, to displease : si in me aliquid offendistit, if you have taken any
offence at (stumbled at anything in) me, Cic; pass, impers. sin aliquid
esset oflensum, if anything had gone wrong, Cic—See offensus.
ttttsmtj, ae. f. 1. Disfavour, displeasure, dislike : magna in offensa sum
apud Pompeium, Pompey is greatly offended with me, Cic 2. An of
fence, affront, injury.
oflensio, onis. f. 1. A striking against (of the foot, so as to stumble).
-. A stumblingblock. 3. Disfavour, dislike, displeasure, aversion :
raihi majori offensioni sunt, they cause me more annoyance. 4. Mis
fortune, ill-success, disaster. 5. Injury : corporum offensiones, diseases,
Cic
cflensiuncfila, as. 1. A slight displeasure or annoyance. 2. A trifling
mishap.
offenso, as. r. a. To strike against, to dash against : flere et offensare capita,
to weep and dash their heads against the ground, Liv.
offeuros, a, am. part.paas. fr. offendo, q. v. ; also adj. c. compar. etc. 1.
Stumbling (of a foot which strikes against something). 2. Struck (as an
obstacle by a foot, so as to cause it to stumble, etc.) : offenso scuto praebuit
sonitum, he made a noise by striking his foot against a shield, Liv. 3.
Offended, alienated, unfriendly. 4. Offensive, disliked.
offero. fers, obtuii, oblatum. v. a. irr. I . To bring before, to present, to
offer, to give, to afford. 2. To put in the way of, to expose to (c. dat.
or c in and ace.) : qui se consulibus ferociter obtulerat, which (an army)
had fiercely attacked the consuls, Liv. 3. To bring forward, to adduce.
4. To bring, to cause, to occasion, to bring on, to inflict. S. ( In pass.,
esp. in per/.) To occur (to a person, as an idea, a feeling, etc.): metu oblato
a fear having struck him, Cic; ubi primum spes oblata est, as soon as a
hope offered, Sail.; oblatum incendium, a fire the work of an incendiary
(opp. to fortuitum, accidental), Cic; vita ejus oblata poena: est, his life was
*u in danger of punishment, i. e. he was in danger of capital punishment,
Cic
officiaa. te. f. A workshop, a manufactory.
officio, Is, feci, no sup.; pass. f§offlcior. t>. a. 1. To be in the way of,
obstruct, hinder (c. dat or c quominus and subj.). 2. To be injurious
to, hurtful to, to injure : offecerat apricanti, he had stood in his light as he
was sunning himself, Cic: timor animi auribus ofBcit, the terror in their
minds stops their ears, Sail.
officiate adv. Kindly, obligingly.
354 OFF — OLT
ciRcicsss, a. am. adj. 1. Obliging, desirous to wrrc. kind, cnirteMi,
conspauatat. "2. Consistent with duty, in accordance with, proceeding from
a mm of duty.
again. La. 1. A service, a kindness, a favour. 2. Obligingness,
kindness, courtesy. 3L A duty, an office, business, obligation (i. e. what
one ia bewad e» de> : onions officium est, it it the business of an orator,
Cic; vir singulari officio in rempublicam, a man of singular zeal and loyalty
to the republic, Cic; cor hone tarn temere quisquam ab officio discessonun
patet? why should any one think that he would so rashly violate hit
allegiance ? Cats. ; tod officio maritime 11. Bibulua pnepositus, M. Bibulu
being appointed superiutendent of the whole naval service, Csa.
offigo. ia. si, xam. e. «. To fix in, to fasten down.
offixmitus, a, am. port, of seq.; but also as adj. c compar. etc. Obstinate,
stubborn.
affirtno, a*, r. a. 1. To hold firmly to, to persist in. 2. To be obstinate.
+offncia, *./. 1. Paint far the face. 2. A delusion.
joffolgeot, aa, si, no sap. r. a. To shine upon (c dat.).
offondo. is, fadi. fatam. r. a. 1. To pour over or on, to shed over, to
spread over, to diffuse ever. 2. (In puss.) To be overwhelmed.
+o*rgannio. Is. r. c To growl, to utter grumblingly.
Ogygins, a, am. adj. Of Ogyges the founder of Thebes, Tbeban : Ogygras
deus, Bacchus, Or.
ob,ohe. utter/. Oh.
Sea, m.f. An olive (the tree and the fruit).
oleaglnus, a, tun. adj. Of the olive or olive tree.
ileiriaa, a, am. adj. Of or belonging to oQ.
oleaster, tri. at. The wild olire tree.
olenitis, a, is. adj. Of Olenus, a city of Achaia, Olenia capeQa, and
Olenium pecus, Amalthea, who nursed Jupiter, Ov.
ileus, entis. part. fr. oleo : also as adj. 1. Sweet-smelling, fragrant, odo-
riferocs. 2. Foul-smelling, stinking.
oleo, ea, si, no sup. p. a. 1. To smell, to emit a scent (c. ace. or c ibl
of the scent). 2. (Metaph.) To swell of, to be redolent of, to give indi
cations of (c. ace) : Don olet unde sit, do not you perceive where he comes
from? Cic.
ileum, La. Oil : ego eram derus olei, I was the glory of the palestra (be
cause the wrestlers were anointed with oil), Cat; genus verbonnn palestra
magis et olei, a kind of language better suited to the schools, Cic
olficfo. Is, feci, factum, no pass. r. o. 1. To smell. 2. To smell oat,
to detect
filldna, a, urn. adj. Smelling strongly, stinking.
Slim. aoV. 1. Formerly, once, some time ago. 2. Hereafter. 3.
§Sometimes.
Jilitor, iris m. A market gardener.
illva, m.f. An olive, an olive tree, an olive branch.
illTetnm, L a. An olive garden, an olive yard.
ilivifer, era, exnm. ailj. Producing olive trees : olivifera arva (in Italy), the
Sabine territory, Ov. ; olivifera corona, a garland of olire branches, Mart
folivum, i. a. Oil.
oils, m.f. A pot, a jar.
Jolliris, e. adj. Preserved in a pot, potted.
ilor. oris. m. A swan.
ilirinns, s, in. Of or belonging to a swan.
ilus, iris, „., dim. ilnsculum, L a. Vegetables, garden herbs.
Olympis, Oram. pi. m. The Olympic games.
Olympiae. idis./ An Olympiad, a period of four years elapsing between
one celebration of the Olympic games and another, by which periods the
Greeks regulated their chronology.
Olymplcus, and Olympiacns, a, am. adj. Of the Olympic |
\
 OLY—OPE 355
Olympins, a, nm. adj. Of Olympus, Olympian (epith. of Jupiter).
Olympionlces, 83. m. ['OAfyuru rutdu.] A victor at the Olympic games.
Olympus, L ra. 1. A mountain between Macedon and Thcssaly, the
fabled abode of the Gods. 2. §Heaven.
omasum. La. 1. Tripe. 2. A paunch, a belly,
omen, Inia. ». An omen, a prognostic, a token of what will happen. 2.
SA solemn usage: ei lege atque omine, on this condition as to the future,
Ter.
^omentum, L n. 1. Fat 2. (In pi.) Entrails,
(■minor, aria. v. dtp. To forebode, to augur, to prognosticate, to presage :
male ominatis parcite verbis, forbear to use words of ill omen, Hor.
omissus, a, um. part. pass, of seq. ; in Ter. as adj. Careless, negligent.
cmitto, is, misi, missnm. v. a. 1. To let go, to loose, to let fall, to drop.
'-. To lay aside, disregard, neglect. 3. To pass over, to omit, to omit
to mention. 4. To desist from (c infin.).
fomnlfer, era, ernm. adj. Producing all things.
iomnigencs, a, nm. adj. Of all kinds, various.
Stomnimodis. adv. Altogether, in every way.
omnino. adv. 1. Altogether, utterly, entirely, by all means: non id dicit
omnino, he does not say that in express words, Cic. ; erant omnino itinera
duo, there were in all only two roads, Cass.; non multum aut nihil omnino,
not much, indeed nothing at nil, Cic; danda opera est omnino, we must by
all means take care, Cic 2. In general, speaking generally. 3. (In
granting a proposition) Certainly, to be sure (followed by sed, but).
"cmniparens, entis. adj. Parent of, or producing all things.
omniperitus, a, um. adj. Skilful in all things.
omnlpotens, entis. adj. Almighty, allpowerful.
omnia, e. adj. All, every, the whole : omnis in hoc sum, I devote myself
entirely to this, Hor.: sine omni periculo, without any danger at all, Ter.;
omnibus precibua petere contcndit, he entreats him earnestly with every
kind of supplication, Cic.
?f onmituens, entis. adj. Allseeing.
omnivagus, a, um. adj. Roaming everywhere.
fomnivolus, a, tun. adj. Who wills everything.
onager, gri. m. [oVoi 07010?.] A wild ass.
tones, as. v. n. To bray.
onerarins, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to a burden or to carrying a burden :
oneraria navis, and (as mbst.) oneraria, a transport, a merchant vessel.
onero, as. r. a. 1 . To load, to burden, to freight. 2. To fill, to gorge,
3. To cover (a table with a feast, a corpse with a tomb, etc 4. To
load beyond endurance, to overwhelm, to weary (with arguments, entreaties,
etc.). 5. To aggravate, to put in a worse light, to make more odious.
6. §To stow away : jnculo palmas oneravit acuto, he armed his hand with
a sharp javelin, i. e. took one in his hand, Virg.
onerosus, a, um. adj. 1. Burdensome, heavy. 2. Oppressive, irk
some.
inns, eris. a. 1. A load, a burden (lit and metaph.). 2. A freight, a
cargo.
onnstns, a, nm. adj. 1. Loaded, laden, burdened, freighted. 2. Full
fc abl. or +c gen.). 3. ^Overloaded, weighed down, oppressed.
onyx, ychis. in. 1. A kind of yellow marble. 2. A vessel or box
made of such marble (esp. for holding unguents, in this sense /. in
Mart).
op&co, as. v. a. To shade, to cover with shade, to render shady.
opacus, a, um. adj. Shady, in the shade, shaded. 2. Shady, giving
shade. 3. Darkened, dark. 4. Thick (of a beard) : ferimur per
opaca locorum, we pass on through the dark streets, Virg.
fSpeUa, se. f. Light labour, labour, business.
Opera, SB./. 1. Labour, work, pains, exertion : mea opera Tarentum re
A A 2
356 0PE—0 PI
cepiati; it is by my meant (through me) that you have recovered Tarentam,
Cic 2. Care, attention : Dent operam consult» ne . . . let the consuls
take care . . . Viet. ; cui funeri ego quoque operam dedi. which funeral I
also attended, Cic. ; aive operam belli* vellet dare, whether he wished to
employ himself in war, Ov. : da operam ut voleas. take care of your health,
Cic. 3. Leisure, spare time : si opera; ill i esset, if he had time ; factn-
rusne operse pretium aim, whether what I am about to do is worth while,
Liv. 4. Work done (rare), a work, (in pi.) service, the rendering of ser
vice : Pupias, qui est in operis ejus societatis, Pupius, who is in the service
of that society, Cic; operas in portu pro magistro dat, he serves as harbour
master, Cic. 6. (In pi.) Workmen, a body of artisans, (metaph.) bodies
of men bribed to create disturbances, etc.
operarius, a, um. adj. Belonging to work or labour, working ; (a. at
suhst.). a labourer, a workman, an operative.
operculum, i. n, A cover, a lid.
SpSrio, Is, ui, rtn.ni. v. a. 1. To cover, to cover over. 2. To «hut, to dose.
See opertua.
operor, aril. r. dtp. 1. To work, to labour, to employ oneself on (c. abi.).
2. To perform sacred ceremonies, to offer sacrifices : tibi nunc operatt re-
solvimus ora, now we open our mouth employed in prayer to you, Ov.
operose. adv. Laboriously, with great labour, carefully.
operosus, a, um. adj. 1. Painstaking, laborious, industrious. 2. Ac
tive, efficacious. 3. Requiring labour, difficult, elaborate : mundi moles
operosa, the vast mass of the world (the mass constructed with great labour),
Ov.; templa operosa, magnificent temples, Ov.
Spertus, a, um. part, of opero, q. v. ; also as adj. Secret, concealed:
contumelitc quibua operti oppressique easent, the insults with which they
had been covered and overwhelmed, Cic ; si in opertum Bona; Dea: acccs-
sisses, if you had gone into the secret place of the Bona Dea, Cic
Spea, um. pi./. Riches, wealth. Set ops.
^ophites, ee. «i. [ o(pis. 1 A kind of spotted marble.
oplcus, a, um. adj. 1. Oscan. 2. ^Clownish, uneducated.
tsoplfer, Bra, Brum. adj. Bringing assistance, helping.
oplfex, Icii. tit. [opus facio.] 1. A workman, an artisan. 2. A maker,
a creator, an inventor, a framer.
opllio, or flpllio, onia. n. A shepherd.
fipimua, a, um. adj. 1, Fat, plump. 2. Rich, (of soil, etc) fertile :
opimus prtcda, enriched with, or loaded with booty, Cic. ; arva inter opi-
m.-i virimi, amid the well-peopled fields, Virg. ; h(ec opima accusatio, this
accusation by which the accuser expects to make money, Cic ; opal aev
gredior opiraum casibus, I am undertaking a work fertile in event», Tac ;
3. Rich (of things), splendid, sumptuous, abundant, 4. Heavy, over
loaded (of style, etc). 5. Opima spolia, the spoils taken by a general who
has slain the enemy's general with his own hand ; opimus triumphal, a
grand triumph, equal to that of obtaining the spolia opima, Hor.
opinabUis, e. adj. Resting on opinion, conjectural.
oplnatio, onis./i Supposition, opinion on slight grounds.
opmator, oris. m. One who forms random opinions, who is inclined to form
guesses.
opinio, onis. /. Opinion, supposition, expectation, (sometimes esp.) a favour
able opinion ; ut opinio mea est, as 1 fancy, or in ray opinion, Cic ;
in earn opinionem Cassius venerat . . . finxisse bellum, Cauius would
have fallen under the suspicion of having trumped up a atory of a wu,
Cic.
oplniosua, a, um. adj. Apt to form haity or groundless opinions.
SpInOT, aris. v. dtp. To be of opinion, to think, to suppose, to fancy : iff-
part, in pass, sense) opinata mala, imaginary evils, Cic.
Splpare. adv. Splendidly, sumptuously.
Spltulor, aris. r. drp. To help, to aid, to assist, to succour.
 OPO— OPT 357
Jportet. p. impert. It becomes, it behoves, it is right, it ought : valeat pos
sessor oportet, the owner must be in good health, Hor.
tppedo. is. r. n. To insult (c Jat.).
cpperior, Iris, peritus, or - pertua. v. dtp. To wait for, to await
oppeto, is, tlvi, titum. r. «. To encounter (esp. to encounter death), to fall
in battle : vix cohibuere amir.i quominus eodem mari oppeteret, his friends
could scarcely prevent him from throwing himself into (or perishing in)
the same sea, Tac
oppidanus, a, am. adj. Of, belonging to, or in, a town (esp. a provincial
too-n ); m. pi. as subst., the inhabitants of any town but Rome.
Coppidatim. adv. In each town.
oppido. adv. Very much, exceedingly : pleraque oppido quarn parva erant,
most of them were very trivial, Liv.
oppidum, i. »., dim oppIdiUum, i. n. A town (esp. a provincial town, very
rarely used of Rome).
oppignero, as. e. a. To pledge, to pawn.
cppilo, as. c. a. To stop up, to shut up.
oppleo. es. evi, etum. v. a. To fill up, to fill.
opploro, as. v. n. To lament to, to whine to (c. dat).
oppono, is, pdsui, positum. v. a. 1. To place against, in front of, opposite
to, to hold before. 2. To place or array in opposition, to oppose. 3.
To urge or allege in opposition, to set against by way of comparison. 4.
+To pledge, to pawn : oppono auriculam, I present my ear, i. e. to be
touched (touching the ear being a form of citing a witness), Hor.—See
oppositua.
opportune, adv. Seasonably, suitably, fitly.
opportfinltaa, atis./. 1. A favourable opportunity. 2. Fitness, suit
ableness, convenience (of a thing), advantage.
opportunus, a, urn. adj. 1. Seasonable, in good time, opportune. 2.
Suitable, serviceable, advantageous. 3. Liable, exposed to.
oppositio, onis.y. An opposing, opposition.
oppositna, a, tun. part. puss. fr. oppono ; also as adj. 1. Opposite : nee
tibi oppositas habuit regia nostra fores, nor had our palace doors closed
against you, Ov.
oppressio, Snis./. Oppression.
oppressor, oris. m. A putter down, an oppressor.
oppressus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. opprimo, q. v. ; meaning, besides the senses
given under opprimo ; also : 1. Dispirited, disheartened. 2. Inarticu
lately uttered.
*+ oppressus, us. m. Severe pressure.
opprimo, is, pressi. pressum. v. a. I. To press, to press down, weigh
down, oppress, overwhelm. 2. To smother, to put out (a fire). .'!.
To press down so as to close, to shut. 4. To suppress, conceal, stifle.
5. To fall on unexpectedly, to surprise, to catch (enemies). 6. To de
feat, overpower, subdue, crush, put down, to destroy : celeriter cognita
frau* oppressaque, that trick was speedily detected and baffled, Liv.
oppribrium, La. 1. A reproach, a scandal, a disgrace. 2. (Esp. is
pi.) Reproaches, i. e. reproachful language, abuse.
oppugnatio, onis./ An attack, assault (esp. on a town).
oppugnattor, oris. m. An attacker.
oppugno, as. v. a. [pugna.] To attack, assault, assail (esp. a town, but used
also in a general sense), to storm.
4oppugno, as. v. a. [pugnus.] To beat with the fist.
ops, 5pis./. def., only in gen., ace, and abl. sing. 1. Power, ability, means:
omni ope atque opera, omnibus viribus atque opibus, with all one's might
(both in Cic.) ; quacunque ope possent, by every means in their power,
Cic. ; non opis est nostra;, it is not in my power, Virg. 2. Aid, help,
auistance. 3. (la pi) Means, resources, (esp.) riches, wealth.
optabllis, e. adj. Desirable, to be wished for.
optitio, onis./ A wishing, a wish.
11 3
358 OPT-ORB
optato. adv. According to one's wish.
optandua, a, um. gerundive fr. opto, q. v. ; also as adj. Desirable.
optatus, a, um. pari. pass. fr. opto; also as adj. (c. compar. etc.). Desired,
pleasing, acceptable, desirable; n. pi. as sulisl., wishes,
optlmas, atis. in./, usu. in pi. A noble, a chief man : in optimatium domi-
natu, under the supremacy of the aristocracy, Cic.
optima, adv. In the best way, excellently, very well, very seasonably,
optimal, a, um. superl. of bonus, q. v. Best, very good,
optio, onis. /.' Choice, liberty to choose, option.
Soptlvus, a, um. adj. Chosen,
opto, as. v.a. 1. To wish, to wish for, to desire. 2. To choose, to
pick out, select.
Bpulens, more usu. Spulemtus, a, um. adj. 1. Rich, wealthy, opulent.
2. Of high rank, aristocratic 3. t+(Of thing*) Costly, sploadid.
ipulente, and opulenter. adv. Sumptuously, splendidly.
Spfilentia, 9./. Opulence, riches, wealth.
dpulento, as. v. a. To enrich.
Spaa, eiil. n. 1. Work, labour. 2. A work done, a work (of any
kind, a building, a book, etc). 8. Employment. 4. A military work
(either as a fortification, or as lines of circumvallation, etc.).
Spur indecl. 1. (As subsl.) Need, necessity, want (c. abl., more rarely c
gen. of that which is needed). 2. (As adj. ) Necessary, needful, requisite,
serviceable : exempla permulta opns sunt, many examples are necessary, Cic
opusculum, i. a. A little work, a trifling work.
Sra, 89./*. 1. A border, extremity, edge, margin, hem. 2. A coast
3. A region, district, country : quern Rhea . . . sub luminis edidit oru,
whom Rhea brought forth into the region of day light, Virg.; das one
disunites, two zones distant from each other, Cic ; mecum ingentes oris
evolvite belli, aid me to unfold the vast picture of the war, Virg. 4. A
cable, a hawser : orasque et ancoras preecidunt, they cut their cables and
cast off their anchors, I.iv.
oraculum, i. n. 1. An oracle. 2. An oracular answer, a prophecy
Liven by an oracle, a divine announcement, (metaph.) an oracular saying.
oralio, onis. f. 1. Speech, language. 2. A speech, an oration. 3.
Eloquence. 4. Prose.
oratiuncula, m.f. A short speech.
orator, oris. m. 1 . A speaker, an orator. 2. A spokesman. 3. An
ambassador. 4. An advocate : oratorem celeriter complex! sumus, we
speedily took to eloquence, Cic.
oratorio, adv. Eloquently, like an orator.
oratorius, a, um. adj. Of or belonging to an orator, oratorical
oratrix, Icis. /. One who begs fur, who entreats, who solicits.
firatoi, us. m. A request, entreaty, solicitation, prayer.
orbator, oris. tn. One who deprives, who bereaves : nostri orbator Achilles,
Achilles who has made us childless, Ov.
orblculatus, a, um. adj. Round, rounded, well filled out
orbis, is. ri. Any round thing, a round, an orb, a circle, a disk, a hoop, a
ring (not a finger-ring) : signifer orbis, the circle of the zodiac, Cic; orbis
mensee, a round table, Ov. ; immensis orbibus angues inenmbunt pelago, the
snakes with vast folds move upon the sea, Virg. ; ictus ab orbe, struck by
the quoit (discus being mentioned in the preceding line), Ov. ; orbis sere
cavus triplici, the circle made concave with three layers of brass, i. e. the
shield, Virg.; decimus orbis, the tenth layer in a shield, Ov.; so also orbis
is used for a wheel, the socket of the eye, the disk or orb of sun or noon,
a mirror, etc etc 2. The world (often orbis terras or terrarom): Eoo
dives ab orbe redit, he is returning rich from the East. 3. A roundness,
a rounding off (of sentences). 4. A revolution (of a planet, etc) : tri-
ginta raagnos volvendis mensibus orbes imperio explebit, he shall complete
in his reign thirty long years of revolving months, Virg.; so animus orbis,
a year, Virg. 5. Rotation, a regular cycle of change : ut . . . . li« in
 ORB — O R I 359
signe regium in orbem suam cujusqne vicem per omnes iret, that this ensign
of royalty might go round to them all in rotation in each one's turn, Lit.
orbita, ». / A track (eip. mnde by a wheel) : veteris trahit orbita culpa;,
lie example of an old fault attracts, Jut.
orbital, aba. / 1. Orphanhood. 2. Childlessness : maxima orbitate
reipublicas virorum talium, when there is a great dearth of such men in the
state, Cic
orbo, as. v. a. To deprive, to bereave (generally, and esp. parents of chil
dren, or children of parents), to render orphan, to render childless,
orbns, a, am. adj. Deprived, bereaved (generally, and esp. of parents or
children), orphaned, childless. 2. Destitute of, devoid of (c. abL, more
rarely c. gen.) : orbum cubile, a widowed bed, Cat.
ores, m./. A jar, a barrel. 2. JA dicebox.
orcaas. adii. /. A kind of olive,
^orchestra, »./ [opxT)'"7><<.] 1. The orchestra, the place where the senate
•at in the theatre. 2. The senate (Juv.).
Orens. L m. 1. Hell, the infernal regions. 2. Pluto. 8. JDeath :
impudens Orcum moror, shameless that I am, do I hesitate to die ? Hor.
ordlnaritu, a, tun, adj. 1. Ordinary, usual, regular. 2. Regularly
appointed,
ordinate, adv. In an orderly manner, methodically,
ordlnatun. adv. 1. In regular order or succession. 2. In good order.
3. Regularly.
*ordinatio, onia. f. 1. Orderly arrangement. 2. Appointment to
office.
ordlnatua, a, un. pari. pats, of seq.j also as adj. 1. Regularly an
ointed. 2. Orderly.
Ordlno, as. v. a. 1. To arrange, to regulate, to place in regular order :
abi publicas res ord maris, when you have arranged your account of (or
given a well-arranged account of) public events, Hor. 2. JTo appoint to
office,
ordior, Iria, oratu sum. v. dtp. 1. To begin, to commence. 2. §To
begin to speak, to speak : reliquos ordiamur, let us now begin to speak of
the rest—See onus.
oTdo, Inia. m. 1. A regular row, a series. 2. Order, regularity, a re
gular arrangement. 3. A rank of soldiers, a company : qui ordines
duxerunt, they who commanded companies, who were centurions, Cic
4. A rank or class of citizens : in ordinem redactus, reduced to the ranks,
Suet.; quern absentem in amplissimum ordinem cooptarunt, whom they
elected in his absence into the highest rank (Le. into the senate), Cic;
qoi se in ordinem cogi videbat, by which (motion) he saw it was intended
to deprive him of his office, LiT.; Decemviri querentes se in ordinem cogi,
tte Decemvirs complaining that they were being degraded to a level with
the common people, Liv.j nimium in ordinem se ipsum cogere, (they said)
that he (Appius) was letting himself down too much, Liv,—AU. as adv.
J. In a regular manner, regularly. 2. In turn, in due rotation : to ex
online, in snccession, Cic, Virg.— Extra ordinem (as adv.). 1. irregularly,
in an irregular manner. 2. In an especial manner : spes quam extra
ordinem de te habcmus, the hope which we conceived of you in an extra
ordinary degree, Cic
oreas, adis./ [opos.] A mountain nymph.
Orestena, a, urn. adj. Of Orestes the son of Agamemnon ; Orestea Diana,
Diana whose image was carried to Aricia by Orestes.
iorexis. Si.f. [o/i«{if.] A longing, an eager desire.
5+organIcuj, a, tun. adj. Musical, (in. as subsL) a musician.
'organum, i. n. [op^avov.] 1. An engine, an instrument. 2. a mu
sical instrument.
orgia, oram.pl. n. [fp-yia.] 1. Orgies, nocturnal festivals in honour of
Bacchus. 2. $ Mysteries, secrets, secret revels,
orichalcum, i. n. [vpos x°AkoV] Copper, brass.
AA 4
,360 ORI—0 SC
gSridlla, m.f. The flap of the ear.
5riens, tis. pi. part. fr. orior, q. v.; alio at itihsl. 1. The east. 2. fA inf.
Origo, Inis./. 1. An origin, source, beginning, first cause. 2. Descent,
family : .-Eneas Romanic stirpis origo, iEneas the original founder of the
Roman nation, Virg.; originibus suis pnesidio fuere, they (cities) were a
protection to their mother cities, i. e. to the citiea of which they were
colonies, Sail.
orior, Sria, Iri, ortus sum, 6rfturns, c. dtp. 1. To ariie, to rite (ef
the sun, stars, etc.). 2. To arise, i. e. come into existence, be risible,
be produced, be born, to spring, to proceed (c ab, 81 or da and abL ef the
source, or § c. abl. — See ortus.
oriundus. a, urn. adj. Sprung from, descended from, born of, derived from,
(c ab or ex and abL of the source, or c. abl.).
ornamentum, La. 1. Accoutrement, equipment, apparatus, appoint
ments, trappings. 2. Ornament, decorations, embellishment.
§ornatrix, iota. f. One who adoms or dresses, a tirewoman.
ornatus, da. in. 1. Ornament, decoration, embellishment. 2. Dress,
adornment 3. The world (only once in Cic).
Orno, as. i'. ii. 1 . To equip, to accoutre, to furnish, to fit out, to pmrid;
(with such and such things). 2. To adorn, embellish, decorate, deck,
beautify. 3. To distinguish, to do honour to (by speeches, etc.).
ornatus, a, urn. part, of seq. q. v. ; also as adj. c compar. etc. Distinguished,
honourable.
ornus, i./. A mountain ash.
oro, aa. v. a. 1. To speak (rare). 2. To plead, to argue, to speak n
an orator or as an advocate. 3. (The most usu. sense) To beg, to entreat,
to beseech (c dupl. ace. or c. ace., and ut c. subj. or c. ace [often under-
u stood] and subj., see Lat. Gr. 93. more rarely c infin.).
Oronteus, a, urn. adj. 1. Of the Orontes, a river in Syria. '-•
§Syrian.
:J orrhopygium, i. n. The tail feathers of birds.
orsus, a, am. pari. per/, fr. ordior, q. v. ; n. pL as most 1 . A rjeginninjr,
a commencement. 2. § Words, a speech.
orsus, us. m. A beginning, an attempt,
ortus, a, am. part. perf. fr. orior, q. v. (Esp.) Bom of, descended from (c.
abl., or c. ab and abl.).
ortus, us. m. 1. A rising (of the sun, stars, etc). 2. The east
3. Rise, beginning, origin, birth.
Ortygius, a, am. adj. ['Oprvyia.] Of Ortygia (an old name of Delos),
Delian i Ortygia Dea, Diana; Ortygii boves, the oxen ofApollo, Or. (Another
Ortygia was an island close in front of Syracuse.)
oryx, ygis. ™. ["«"{•] An antelope.
oryza,,ee.f. [&pv(a.) Rice.
OS, oris. n. 1. The mouth : in ore vulgi versari, to be the common tall,
Cic; ne in era hominum pro ludibrio abiret, that he might not become >
common joke to all men, Liv. ; habeat in ore rq<r5' aptrri s, etc, let sin
always remember (lit be always quoting) TrjaS' aperiji , . ., Cic ; uuo OR,
with one voice, i. e. unanimously, Virg. 2. The face, the countenance :
prasberc ad contumeliam os, to put oneself in the way of being insulted,
Liv. ; qua? in ore atque in oculis provincial gesta sunt, which were done ill
the face and before the eyes of the whole province, Cic ; quod tandem os
est illius patroni, what face then (i. e. what impudence) has that advocate,
Cic. 3. A mouth, i. e. opening, entrance. 4. §Speech, language.
5. §The head (of a river) ; ore navium rostrata, the beaked heads of ships,
Hor.
OS, ossis. b. A bone.
oscen, Inia. adj. rm, not found in nom. sing. From whose voice or singinr,
omens are taken,
oscillum, i. «,; in pi. Little images hung np in honour of Bacchus at rustic
festivals.
V
 OSC-OVO 361
Mctt&nter. adv. Gaping, i. e. carelessly.
ncltans, antis. pari, of seq. ; also as adj. Listless, careless, sluggish.
tsoscito, as; and oscltor, aris. v. dtp. 1. To gape, to yawn. 2. To
gasp. 3. To be listless, idle.
oscilatio, 6nis./ A kissing.
osculor, iris. v. dtp. ). To kiss. 2. To lore, to regard, to esteem.
osculant, i. n. 1. §A delicate mouth. 2. A kiss.
ro-jr, oris. m. A hater.
♦osseus, a, tun. adj. Of bone, bony.
tsossiir&ga, se./ An osprey.
Oitendo, is, di, torn. v. a. 1. To spread out to view, to show, exhibit,
display, reveal, to make a show of. 2. To hold out, to put forth (a
promise, a threat, or a plea). 3. To make known, to announce, to
declare.
ostentatio, onis. / 1. Show, exhibition, display. 2. Idle parade,
cstentation. 3. Deceitful show, appearance (opp. to Veritas, reality). .
ostentator, oris. m. A displayer, one who makes a vain parade or osten
tatious show, an ostentatious person.
ostento, as. v. a. 1. To present to view, to show, to exhibit, to display,
to make a parade of. 2. To hold out (a promise or threat), to promise
to threaten, to offer. 3. To declare, announce, disclose.
ostentum, i. n. A prodigy, a portent announcing something that will
happen.
ostentus, 4s. m. 1. Show, parade. 2. A sign, a proof: corpora extra
vallum objects ostentui, their bodies were cast outside the rampart as a
spectacle, Tac.
Oitiariam, in, A tax upon doors.
ostiatim. adv. From door to door, from house to house : ostiatim totum
oppidum compilavit, he pillaged the whole town, house by house, Cic. ;
dam ego hoc crimen agam ostiatim, while I set this crime before you in
detail, i. e. counting up all the houses which he has pillaged, Cic.
ostium, i. n. 1. A door. 2. An entrance. 3. The mouth (of a river
or harbour) : ocean i ostium, the Straits of Gibraltar, Cic. ; exactio ostiorum,
the door-tax, Cic.
ostrea, as. /, and ostrenm, i. n. An oyster.
sostreosus, a, run, and §ostrifer, era, crum. adj. Abounding in oysters.
ostrinus, a, urn. adj. Purple.
ostram, ii. 1. (Lit the blood of the sea-snail) Purple. 2. § Purple
cloth, etc, a purple dress, purple hangings.
o'ior, aris. v. dtp. To enjoy leisure, to be at leisure, to idle, to keep
holiday.
otiose, adv. At leisure, in a leisurely manner, quietly, calmly.
otiosus, a, urn. adj. 1. At leisure, unoccupied, disengaged, unemployed,
(sometimes esp.) free from public employment. 2. Calm, indifferent, un
concerned (of spectators, etc.), free from excitement. 3. J Useless, unpro
fitable: annuum spatium nactus vacuum a bello atque ab hoste otiosum,
having a year free from war, and undisturbed by enemies, Can.
otium, i. n., and dim. otiolum, i. 1. Leisure, spare time, unoccupied
time, freedom from business. 2. Inactivity, idleness. 3. Rest, re
pose, tranquillity, quiet, peace, ease : ut . . . excutias oculis otia nostra tuis,
that you may examine with your eyes the fruit of my leisure, i. e. my
poems, Or.
ovatio. onis./ [oris.] A lesser triumph (in which the general entered the
city on horseback instead of a chariot, and covered with myrtle instead of
laurel, and the animal sacrificed at the end was not a bull but a sheep).
OTile. is. n. A sheepfold. 2. An enclosed space in the Campus Martius
where the Romans voted at the Comitia).
Srillus, a, tun. adj. Of, belonging to, or consisting of sheep.)
oris, i»./. [»».] 1. A sheep. 2. §Wool.
Sto, as. i: n. 1. To celebrate an oration. 2. §To triumph, to exult.
 ovr — PiEo
•ram. i. a- [Mr-] L Aa eg* : jreariaranB ovum, tie two eggs of Leda,
frtsa tee of itiei Heier n bn, Hor. ; ab oro usque ad mala, tram
toe fast coarse to the dessert. Her. 2. A mall wooden pott erected
ia the curai time were seven sack) to aiack the courses in the chariot
nee. roe beds; reascved after each coarse waa ran.
^axygiZTja, i- a. An add sauce.

P.
jasjtliri* cads./ A collecting fodder, foraging.
pibulatar, 6rU. aa. A forager.
pauilor, aria, cdeau L To (orage. 2. tTo aeek a subsistence, 1
jTo eat fodder, to feed, to grace.
pabUran, i. ». [paaco.] 1. Fodder, forage. 2. Food.
pacalil, e. arf;. Of or belonging to peace, betokening peace.
plratl! a, Tim. part pom. from paw; used alto at adj. c comper. etc
1. Peaceful, quiet, tranquil, calm. 2. Made propitious, friendly; ■. as
niM, a friendly country.
paeUer, era, erum. adj. Bringing peace, indicating peace, peaceful, pacific
paxificitio, onu.y. Peacemaking, pacification.
pacificator, aria. m. A peacemaker, a pacifier.
pacificatorius, a, tun. adj. Peacemaking, pacifying, pacificatory.
paclfico, as. r. n. 1. To make peace, to propoae peace, to negotiate fa
peace. 2. To pacify, to render peaceable or propitious,
paclficna, a, ID. adj. Pacific, peacemaking,
paciscor, eris, partus sum. r. dtp. 1. To make a bargain or agreement.
2. To agree, to covenant. 3. To stipulate to gnat, to promise. 4.
To espouse, to agree to marry. 6. To barter, to give or take ia ex
change (as life or death for glory, both in Virg.) : votis pacisci ne Cyprir
Tyriaeque roerces addant avaro divitiaa mari, to bargain by means of prayers
to prevent my Cyprian or Tyrian merchandise enriching the greedy sea,
Hor. —per/, pactns sum, and part pactns, q. v., often in pam. sense.
pica, as. r. a. 1. To make peaceful, pacify, quiet. 2. To subdue, to
render orderly. 3. To bring into cultivation.
pactio, orris./ An agreement, covenant, compact, bargain (sometimes esp.
a corrupt bargain) : pactio verborum, an established form of words.
Pactoius, i. m. A river in Lydia, the sands of which were full of gold.
pactor, oris. m. One who makes a contract or agreement, a negotiator.
pactum, i. u. An agreement, a bargain, a covenant, a contract.
pactns, a, urn. part. it. paciacor, q. v., used in pass, sense. 1. Agreed
upon, covenanted. 2. Promised (esp. promised in marriage), be
trothed : gremiis abducere pactas, to tear their betrothed wives from their
bosom, Virg.
Psean, anil. m. [Tlaitiy.] 1. A name of Apollo (as a healer). 2. A
hymn in honour of Apollo, a hymn of triumph, a paean. Io Paean was a
cry of exultation without any reference io Apollo, Ov.
pacdagogua, i. m. [*ailayuy6s.] 1. An instructor of boys, a tutor. 2.
t A pedantic fellow.
pacdor, oris. m. Dirt, filth.
name.—See pens.
panfila, as./ 1. A cloak, a mantle (for travelling or wet weather): eg*
. ita eoi ut non acinderem penulam, but I did not press him to stay, (lit-
tear his cloak in my importunity), Cic; homm ego vix attigi paenulam, I
acarcely pressed them at all to stay, Cic. 2. JA covering.
peenulatus, a, um. adj. Wearing a cloak.
paeon, onit. w. A metrical qusdriayllabic foot, consisting of three abort
 PM 0—PAL 363
syllables and one long one, called primus, secundus, tertius, or quartan, ac
cording to the syllable which is long.
?£oniu3, a. in, and /. Psoitis, Idis. adj. Of Paeonia (a district of Mace
donia), Macedonian.
fPffionius. a, sun. adj. [muSyios.] 1. Of Apollo as the God of medicine.
2. Healing, medicinal, medical.
Postanal, a, urn. adj. Of Paestum, a town near Naples celebrated for rosea.
pst'js. a, urn, and dim. pstulus, a, um. adj. Having a cast in the eye.
piganus, a, um. adj. 1. Belonging to a village, rustic 2. (in. as
nh>t.) A villager, a rustic, a peasant, Ja citizen (esp. as opp. to miles).
PigasiEus, a, um. adj. Of Pagasae, a town in Theasaly, where the ship
Argo was built : conjux Pagasaea, the wife of Admetus king of Thessaly,
Aleestis.
pigstim. adv. By villages or districts, in every village,
pigina, as.; dim. paginula, se./. 1. A written page. 2. A book or
portion of a treatise. 3. JA plate on which a person's honours were
engraved.
f ignr. uri. m. A kind of fish.
pigui, i. m. 1. A district, a canton, a village. 2. §The people of a
country district, the villagers, the peasantry,
pals, as./ 1. A spade. 2. The bezel of a ring.
Psleitiaut), a, um. adj. Of Palestine, of Syria : Palaestina aqua, the
Euphrates, Ov.
palestra, SB. f. OaAaio-rpo.] 1. A wrestling-school, a place for athletic
exercises, a palaestra. 2. Wrestling. 3. A school of rhetoric,
rhetorical skill. 4. Skill (rare). 5. t A brothel.
pilsstnce. adv. After the manner of the palaestra.
Pilasstricuj, a, um. adj. 1. Of or belonging to the palaestra. 2.
Devoted to the palaestra or to wrestlers: palaestrici motus, violent gesticula
tions, Cic.
PJlsstrita, as. m. The master of a palaestra, a teacher of wrestling.
Jilam. adv. 1. Openly, publicly. 2. (As prep, c ait.) Before, in the
presence of : hsec quse sunt palam, these things which are notorious, Cic.
Pilatinus, a, um (Pi only in Mart), adj. 1. Of the Palatine Hill. 2.
Worshipped on the Palatine Hill : Palatinee aves, the birds which Romulus
saw on the Palatine Hill when he and Remus consulted the auspices, Ov.;
Pslatinae laurns, the bay trees in front of the emperor's palace, Ov.
Pilatium, i. «. (Pa only in Mart.). 1. The Palatine HilL 2. (As
Augustus had his palace on the Palatine Hill) A palace,
palatum, i. a. The palate : ccsli palatum, the vault of heaven, Enn.
palea,*./ Chaff.
palear, aria. *. ( L'su. in pi.) The dewlap.
Pablia, um. pi. n. The feast of Pales.
Pales. / Phe Patron Deity of cattle and shepherds,
pilirapsostus, i. as. [iraAfy»Ti)oToj.] A palimpsest, a parchment from which
the old writing has been rubbed off, in order to write on it again,
piliurus, i. m. A kind of bramble.
palla, as. f. 1. A cloak or upper garment worn by Roman ladies. 2.
An under garment 3. A cloak worn by tragic actors and musicians,
also by Apollo (Ov.). 4. A curtain: palla: inter pecus, curtains to keep
cattle apart (a proverb for, insufficient precautions), Cic.
Pallas, idis. / [IlaAAdj.] 1. A name of Minerva. 2. §The Palla
dium. 3. §Vesta, because the Palladium stood in Vesta's temple. 4.
§ Oil, because the olive came from Athens, of which Minerva was the
patron deity : Palladis ales, the owl, Ov. ; Palladia arbor, the olive, Ov.;
iarita Pallade, without the favour of Minerva (as the giver of skill in all
arts), Ov.
Palladia*, a, um. adj. Of Minerva, sacred to Minerva: Palladia an,
Athens, Ov., Troy, Prop.; Palladii rami, the olive-tree, Virg.; Palladia
364 PAL
conaa, a crown of olive. Or.; Palladii latices, oil, Or.; Palladii honores,
the honours promised by Minerva. Ot.
Pallinfias. adis. and is, idis./. Aurora, ai descended from Hyperion the
uncle of the giant Pallas.
Pallantina, a, am. adj. Of Pallas the ton of Evander : Pallantius hero*,
Evander, Or.
p'l—»« entia. part. fr. acq.; tued alto at adj. Pale, wan (sometimes
esp. of tbe paleness of death) : pallente* umbrae, the shades below, Tib.
2. Of a palish-greea colour. 3. §Making pale (as sickness). 4. *Bad.
palleo. ess, oi, no top. r. a. 1. To be pale, wan. 2. To be of a sallow,
yellow, or lightest-green colcor. 3. To change colour, to fade. 4.
To be pale with anxiety, to be anxious : puerit omnit matereula pallet,
every mother is anxious for her children, Hor. 5. §To fear : iratum Eu-
polidem pallet, you read the angry Eupolit till you lots your colour with
hard study. Pen.
paUeteo, it, no perl r. a. i. To grow pale, to turn pale. 2. To be pak.
3. To wither.
palliataa, a, tun. adj. Dressed in a pallium, q. v., the Greek drew: palli-
ata fibula, a play translated from the Greek, or in which Greek chanieten
were introduced.
pallidas, a, um; and dim. pallidal us, a, tun. adj. 1. Pale (with sick
ness, anxiety, fear, etc), wan, of a pale, sallow colour. 2. Discoloured.
3. Making pale (as death, poison, etc) : Inachus in Melie Bithynide pal-
lidos isse fertor, Inachus is said to have been desperately in love with (i. e.
pale with anxious love for) the Bithynian Melie, Or.
paillolum, La. 1. A Greek mantle or cloak (see seq.). 2. A hood.
pallinm, i. «. 1. A Greek mantle or cloak (when worn by Romans it
indicated an affectation of Greek manners, of effeminacy). 2. A cover
let, a counterpane. 3. JAny kind of cloak, the toga.
pallor, oris. >«. 1. Paleness, wanness, a pale colour. 2. (§Esp.) The pale
ness of fear, fear.
palma. 89. / 1. The palm of the hand. 2. A hand. 3. §Tke
blade of an oar. 4. A palm-tree, the fruit of the palm, a date. i. A
palm-branch, a broom made of palm-branches. 6. A palm-wreath as a
token of victory, the palm, the prize of victory, victory : tenia palma Diores,
Dioret who got the third prize.
palmaris, e. adj. 1. That merits the palm or prize, excellent -. JA
hand's breadth in size.
'fpalmarins, a, urn. adj. That merits the palm or prize.
palmatus, a, urn, adj. Embroidered with palm branches (of the triumphal
robe of a general).
palmes, Itis. m. 1. A young shoot of a vine, a vine branch. 2. J A
vine. 3. JA branch.
palmetum, i. n. A palm grove.
S palmifer. era, erum, and palmosus, a, urn. adj. Producing palm trees.
palmula, ae. / 1. The blade of an oar. 2. JA date.
palor, arit. v. dtp. To wander about, to straggle, to stray : palantet anisu,
the minds of men (i. e. men) in a state of perplexity or distraction, Or.
tpalpator, oris. m. One who strokes or pats, a flatterer.
palpebra, ffl. / An eyelid.
palplto, as. v. n. To palpitate, to throb, to quiver.
palpo, as. r. a., and palpor, arit. r. dtp. To stroke, to pat, to caress, to
coax (dtp. c. il.it., v. a. c. ace).
:! palpo. onis. m. One who strokes or caresses, a flatterer.
paludamentum, i. n. A military cloak, a soldier's (etp. a general's) cloak.
paludatus, a, ran. adj. In a military or general's cloak, in a dress of war.
S+paludlfer, era, from. adj. Making swampy.
£palud5tus, a, nm. adj. Marshy, swampy.
nalumbes, is. m.f. A woodpigeon, a dove,
ilus, i. in. A stake, a pale, a pole, a pott.
 PAL-PAE 365
pains, fidis./ 1. A marsh, a swamp, a bog, a morass, a fen. 2. {Sedge.
pilaster, tris, tre. adj. Marshy, swampy, fenny : lux palustris, a life passed
in the swamps of debauchery, Pers.
tpampinens, a, urn. adj. 1. Full of, made of, or wreathed with vine-
leaves and tendrils, or branches of vines. 2. Of the vine : pampineus
odor, the smell of wine, Prop. ; pampineae umbra, the shade of the vine,
Virs. : pampineus Antumnus, Autumn that ripens the grapes, Virg.
pampinua. i. m. / A tendril, shoot, leaf, or the foliage of the vine.
Pan, Panis. m. 1. The God of the woods and of shepherds. 2. §(In
pi.) Gods of the woods and fields resembling Pan.
Zpicaca, as. f. A drinking-vessel, a bowl.
panacea, se. / [iwctMia.] A herb able to heal all diseases.
rpaaarium, i. •>., and dim. {panariilum, i. «. A bread-basket.
Panehasua, and Fanchaius, a, tun. adj. Of Panchaia, a district in Arabia.
panehrestus, a, am. adj. [waVyxpTio-Tos.] Good for everything, sovereign
{of a remedy).
pancratium, i- "• [*ay><piTtov.] A contest including both wrestling and
boxing.
Pandionius, a, urn. adj. 1. Of Pandion, an early king of Athena.
2. ^Athenian.
pando, U, di, pminm v. a. 1. To spread out, to expand : pandere vela,
to set the tails, Cic. 2. To extend, to deploy (troops). 3. To lay
open, to throw open, to open. 4. To cut open, to split : pandere ngros,
to plough the fields, Lucr. 5. §To show, to disclose, to unfold, to relate,
to explain : omnia jam panditur Hydra, the whole of Hydra (the con
stellation) now appears, Cic. ; pando me, to extend ; ilia divina (bona)
loage lateque se pandunt, those divine blessings extend far and wide, Cic.
—See passus.
pandas, a, am. adj. Bent, crooked, curved, bowed, crook-backed.
panegyrlcus, i. m. [iraWryvjwr.] The panegyrical oration of Isocrates.
pango, is, pepigi and tpanxi, pactum, v. a. 1. To fasten, to fix in.
2. To plant (hills with trees). 3. To make, to compose (poems, works,
etc). 4. To fix, settle, agree, covenant, promise (in this sense only in
pert pepigi).
tjpaolculua, as./ A tuft.
panlcum, i. n. Rye-grass, panic-grass.
panis, is. m. 1. Bread. 2. A loaf.
tpannlculag, L m. 1 . A rag. 2. A short coarse garment.
paunoaos, a, am. adj. 1. Ragged, clothed in rags. 2. {Mouldy.
"pianficeus, a, am. adj. 1. Ragged. 2. Wrinkled, shrivelled.
pannus, i. m. 1. A piece of cloth, a garment. 2. A shred, a rag.
pantex, ids. m.; in pi. 1. Entrails. 2. Sausages.
panthera, m.f. A panther.
Pastholdet, se. m. The son of Panthns, Euphorbus ; Pythagoras, Hor.
tpapaj. interj. [iroroi.] Wonderful !
papaver, iris, n. A poppy.
papivereus, a, urn. adj. Of a poppy.
Papains, a, am. adj. Of Paphos a city in Cyprus sacred to Venus, of
Venus.
Papilio, onis. m. A butterfly.
papilla, SB./. 1. A teat. 2. A breast.
-pappas, sb. m. A tutor, a governor of children.
f 'pappus, i. m. The down on plants, the woolly seed of some plants.
papula, as./ A pimple, a pustule.
Jpapyrifer, era, erum. adj. Producing papyrus.
F'Pyrns, i./ 1. The Egyptian papyrus. 2. Paper.
Par, gen. paris. adj. 1. Equal (in any respect, in age, qualities, rank, etc.) :
pares cum paribus facillimc congregantur (a proverb like our "Birds of a
feather ilock together"), Cic 2. Equal to a match for. 3. Fair,
equitable, reasonable (only in the phr. par est, it is fair) : ut sit unde par
366 PAR
pari respondeatur, that you may be able to return him as good a> he pare,
Cie. ; ludere par impar, to play at odd and even, Hor. ; n. as akt., a pair.
p&rabllis, e. adj. Easily procured, easily attainable.
§Parsetdniam, La A poetkal name for Alexandria,
tplrasitor, axis. e. dtp. To be a parasite,
parasitus, a, am. m., and /. paraslta, as. [s-opirti-oi.] A parasite, use
who sponges on others for a dinner,
parate. adv. With or after preparation, preparedly. 2. Readily,
promptly,
paratio. onis./ A procuring, an obtaining, a striving to obtain,
paratus, a, am. part. pan. it. pan; used also as a/;', (c core par. etc.X
1. Properly provided, equipped, or furnished (with anything), ready. 2.
Prompt, fully inclined, fully prepared (c. ad and ace). 3. Well trained,
skilful.
paratus, us. m. Preparation, equipment, appointments : veniam dapibui
nullisque paratibus orant, they crave pardon far their scanty meal and want
of preparation, Or.; Tyrios indnta paratus, clad in purple robes, Or.
Parca, as./. One of the Fates, a Fate (usu. in pi.).
parce. adv. 1. Sparingly, scantily, slightly. 2. Frugally, economically.
3. Stingily.
parco, is, peperci and tparsi, parsnm. v. a. 1. To spare, be sparing of
(c. dat.). 2. To spare, i. e. forbear to injure, to pardon. 3. $To re
serve. 4. To abstain from, to forbear (c dat. or c infin., very rarely c
ab and abl.).
parens, a, am. adj. 1. Sparing, frugal, economical, moderate, stingy.
2. Scanty, small in quantity, alight : merito parcior in meo, anger \<a
than I deserved, Or. ; optima mors parca qua; venit apta die, that is the
best death which comes fitly after a short time (of life), Prop.
tpardus, in. A leopard.
parens, entis. m.f. I. A parent (esp. a father, lit. and metapk). -■
(In pi.) Ancestors. 3. (In pi.) Relations,
parens, entis. part. fr. pareo; used also as adj. (c. compar. etc). Obedient;
m. as sttbst., a subject.
parentalis, e. adj. Of or belonging to parents, parental : pnrentales dies,
and n. pi. parentalia, a festival in honour of a person's dead relations;
Memnonides parer.tali perituras morte rebellant, the birds called
Memnonides (as rising yearly troiu Mcmnon's funeral pile) fight about to
perish in a combat at their father's tomb, Or,
parento, as. v. a. 1. To offer a sacrifice in honour of deceased parent! er
relations, 2. To avenge (a slain person by the slaughter of other*, c
dat. pen.),
pareo, es, ui, Hum. ». n. 1. (Very rare) £To appear, to be visible. 3.
(The usual sense) To obey, to be obedient to, to submit to. 3. To be
subject to. 4. To comply with, gratify, yield to, indulge (passions,
etc.).
paret. impert. It is evident, it is clear,
paries, parletis. as. A wall : duos parietes de eadera fidelia dealbsre, to
whitewash two walls from the same pot (as we say, to kill two birds with
one stone), Cic.
parletlnee, arum. pl.f. Walls in a state of ruin, ruins.
Sparilis, e. adj. Equal, similar,
pario. Is, peperi, partum. v. a. 1. To bring forth (as a mother), to bear,
to lay (an egg). 2. To produce, to cause, to occasion, to give rite t*
3. To procure, to acquire, to obtain : qui sibi letum peperere manu, who
have slain themselves, Virg.
Wlia, Idis. m. The son of Priam, whose abduction of Helen caused tin
Trojan war.
Parius, a. urn. adj. Of Pnros, an island in the jEgean sea celebrated for io
white marble, and as the birthplace of Archilochus the inventor (accordi»5
to Horace) of the iambic verse.
 PAR 367
janna, as. /., and dim. parmula, ee. /. 1. A small round shield or target,
a shield. 2. $A gladiator armed with such a shield, a Threx.
parmatus, a, run. adj. Armed with a parma.
Paxnassius, a, nm ; and / Parnassis, Idis. adj. Of Parnassus, a
mountain in Phocis sacred to Apollo and the Muses, at the foot of which
was the city of Delphi, where the oracle of Apollo, previously sacred to
Themis, was: Parnassia Themis, Themis formerly worshipped at Par
nassus, Or.
piro, as. r. o. 1. To make ready, to prepare (either c. ace. to prepare a
thins;, or c. infin., to do a thing). 2. To provide, furnish, supply. 3.
To procure, to acquire, to obtain. 4. To buy, to purchase (usu. c. abl. of
the money): cui fata parent, (to see) for whom the Fates are preparing
death, Virg. ; dixit . . . se paraturum cum collega, he said that ... he would
make arrangements with his colleague, Cic.
P&xo, onis. m. A small light vessel, a galley.
paroeha, 86. / (irapoxh). A supplying of necessaries, a purveying.
pirochus, i. hi. 1. A purveyor who provided travelling magistrates with
necessaries. 2. §A host, the giver of a feast.
iparopsis, Idis./. [irapoifi's.] A dessert dish, a small dish.
parra, ee./; A bird of ill-omen, a jay, or perhaps an owl.
Parrhasius, a, tun, and /. Parrhasis, Idos, adj. Of Parrhasin, a town in
Arcadia, Arcadian : Parrhasia Dea, Carmenta, the mother of Evander :
Parrhasia virgo, and Parrhasis as suhst., Callisto, who was changed into
the constellation Ursa Major ; Parrhasia domus, the palace on the Palatine
II ill, where Evander had settled, Mart.
pirrlclda, se. m. f. [pater ejedo.] 1. A murderer of one's father or
mother, or even of any near relation. 2. A murderer. 3. Applied to
Catiline's and Antony's adherents as a term of the greatest abhorrence,
Cic., Sail.
pamcidinin, i. n. Parricide, the murder of one's father or mother, or of any
near relation: patriae parricidium, treason against one's country, Cic.
pan, tif./ 1. A part, a portion, a piece, a division. 2. A share : ut
nulla essent partes meee, so that I could have no share in it, Cic. 3.
A part, a character on the stage. 4. (A person's) Part, i. e. duty, busi
ness, a line of conduct. 6. (Usu. in pi., but sometimes also in ring.) A
party, a faction, a side in the state. 6. (Inp?.) A region: partes orientes,
the East, Cic.—The oblique cases with and without pr,j>., sometimes used
a adv. 1. parte, or ex parte, in part, partly; nulla parte, not at
all. 2. pro parte, for a person's share ; pro mea, tua parte, etc., to the
best of my or your power ; pro sua quisque parte, each to the extent of his
means, Cic. ; plusqnam pro parte laborat, (each) labours almost beyond
his strength, Ov. 3. mnltis partibus (c. compar.), by a great deal;
omnibus partibus, and in omnes partes, in every respect 4. magnam
or maximam partem, for the most part. 5. in earn partem, on that
account, with that object, on that side, in that sense ; in ntramque
parted, on both sides : mitiorem in partem intcrpretari, to interpret what
is said or done in the most favourable sense, Cic.
parslmonia, m.f. Parsimony, frugality, economy.
parthJnlce, ea.f. [TrapSe'vos.] Maidenhair (a plant).
Parthenius, a, tun. adj. Of Parthenius, a mountain in Arcadia, Arcadian.
Parthenopeius, a, tun. adj. Of Naples.
partlceps, Ipis. m.f. A sharer, a partaker, a partner (c. gen. ore. dat;
once in Tnc. c. ad and ace).
partlclpo, as. v. a. 1. To make (a person) a sharer in, to make privy to.
(c gen. of the thing shared). 2. To share, to divide (c. ace. rei, cum
and abl. pers. 3. To share in, to participate in (c. ace.).
partlcula, 89. yC A small part or portion, a partiele.
particulatim. adv. In small portions, piecemeal.
partim. adv. 1. Partly, in part. 2. (As a partitive noun) Some: partira
.... partim, or partim . . . alii, some . . . others, Cic. eta
368 PAE — PAS
partio. It, In, itum. c. a. and more usu. partior, IrU. c. dtp., pari, partitui
in pott. sense. To share, to part, to divide, to distribute.
partite, adv. With proper division*.
partitio, finis./: A parting, sharing, partition, division, distribution (tome-
time* esp. in a speech, a division of the subject under separate heads).
partitor. firil. m. One who divides, a distributer.
parturio, la, Ivi, no sup. c. a. 1. To desire to bring forth (children), to
be ready to bring forth, to be in labour. 2. §To be the parent of, i. e.
to cause, to occasion, to generate, to produce : omnia parturit arbos, ever/
tree is budding, Virg.
partus, a, urn. part. pan. fr. pario. 1. Brought forth, born. 2. Ac
quired, obtained, possessed.
partus, us. ;». 1. A bringing forth (children), birth, delivery, confine
ment. 2. The child brought forth, offspring.
parum. adv. Little, too little (often c gen.) : non nocuisse param est, it it
not enough not to hurt them, Ov. ; parum diu, not long enough, too shorts
time, Cic ; sunt ea quidem parum firma, those things are indeed not very
strong, Cic. ; parum id facio, I care little for that, Salt
parumper. adv. For a little while, for a short time.
J-iparui, La A tomtit.
parvi tas, atis./. Small ness, littleness.
parvulus, a, tun. adj. Very little, very small, trifling : ab parvulis hbore
student, from their childhood they are inured to labour, Cass.
parvus, a, urn, eomp. minor, oipeH. minimus, adj. I . Small, little. i
Trifling, insignificant : in domo a parvo eductus, having been bred up in hi*
house from a child, Liv. {Compar.) minor. 1. Less, smaller. 2.
Inferior. 3. Younger (often minor setate, minor natu in this sense).
4. §(ln pL) Posterity, descendants : genibus minor, on his bended knees,
Hor. [Superl.) minimus. 1. Least, smallest. 2. Youngest (often
minimus natu, etc.).
parvi, minoris, minimi. Of small, trifling, less, very little value (with
verbs of valuing) : parvi refert, it is of little consequence, it matter* little,
Cic; fidem suan non minoris quam publicum ducebat, he valued his own
good faith not less than that of the nation, Sail. Also minimo, ait. : Cris-
pinus minimo me prorocat, Crispinus challenges me for a trifling wager,
Hor. minimum, as adv. Very little : quam minimum, as little as
possible.— See minime, minus,
pasco, is, pavi, pastum. v. a. 1. To drive to pasture, to feed (as a shep
herd feeds a flock). 2. (Metaph.) To feed, to nonrish, to cheriih
(feelings, etc) : nummos alienos pascet, he will increase the money he lend*
out by usury, Hor. 3. To feed (as animals), to grate. 4. To feast
(lit and metaph.), to gratify (the mind, etc.). 5. (In pats.) To feed, to
support oneself, to live (often c abl. of the food, §c. ace.) pasci seditions,
to live on sedition, Cic
pascuus, a, urn. adj. Fit for pasture, affording good pasture ; m. piu
su&sr., pasture lands, fields.
Paslphaeia, 83./ The daughter of Pasiphae, i. e. Phcedra,
passer, eris. m. 1. A sparrow. 2. A turbot
passerculus. i. m. A sparrow (used as a term of endearment, PlauL).
passim, adv. Scattered about, here and there, indiscriminately, at random.
passum, i. n. Wine made from dried grapes.-
passus, a, uni. pari. fr. pando, q. v. ; also. 1. Spread out, stretched
out: velis passis pervehi, to proceed under full sail, Cic. 2. Loose,
dishevelled (of hair). 3. Spread out to dry, dried (of grapes, etc) '■ la*
passum, boiled milk, Ov.
passus, a, urn. part. fr. patior, q. v.
passus, us. m. 1. A pace, a step. 2. A footstep, a trace of a step-
3. A pace or measure of five Roman feet.
pastillus, i. m. A pastille, an aromatic lozenge.
pastio, onis./. A pasture.
 PAS — PAT 369
pastor, oris. m. A shepherd.
pastoralis, e, and pastdricus, a, am, and pastorius, a, am. adj. Of shep
herds, pastoral: pastoria sacra, the festival Palilia, Or.
pastas, a. am. part. pass. fr. pnsco. Fed upon.
pastas, us. m. Pasture, fodder, food (lit. and metaph.).
pitefacio, Is, feci, factum; pass, pateflo, etc. t>. a. To lay open, throw
open, to open. 2. To detect, to discover. 3. To reveal, to disclose :
postera lux radiis patefecerat orbcm, the next day's sun had made the
world visible by its beams, Ov.
patefactio, onls./. A disclosing, a making known.
patella, as. f. A small plate or dish, sometimes esp. a dish to hold sacred
offerings,
patens, eutis. pari. fr. pateo; used also as adj., c. compar. etc 1. Open.
2. Exposed. 3. Manifest.
patenter, adv. Openly, manifestly.
pateo, es, ui, no sup. v. n, 1. To be open, to lie open. 2. To be ex
posed (c. dat of the evil to which). 3. To stretch out, to extend (as
a country). 4. To be open, accessible, attainable (as a line of conduct,
an advantage, etc). 5. To be evident, manifest, plain,
pater, tris. m. [rarlip.] 1. A father. 2. (Inpl) Forefathers, ances
tors. 3. (In pi.) Senators : pater ccenae, the giver of a dinner, Hor. (For
paterfamilias, see familia.)
patera, ae. f. A dish, saucer, or bowl used in making libations,
piternus, a, am. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a father, paternal. 2. Of
one's native country,
patesco, is, no perf. v. n. To be open, to lie open. 2. To extend (as a
country). 3. To be manifest, evident, plain.
pitfbllis, e. 1. That can be endured, tolerable. 2. Liable to suffer
ing.
patlbiilum. r. n. A gibbet.
patiens, entis. part. fr. patior, q. v.; also as adj., c. compar. etc 1. Pa
tient, enduring. 2. Hard, unyielding : amuis navium patiens, a navi
gable river, Liv.; patiens (terra) vomrris, land worth ploughing, Virg.
pitienter. adv. With patience, patiently,
patientia, 89. f. 1. Endurance, patience. 2. Forbearance. 3.
^Submissiveness, passive obedience,
patina, ae./. A dish, a pan : jamdudum animus est in patinis (like our pro
verb, my stomach has been sometime crying cupboard), Ter.
patlnarius, a, am. adj. Of a pan, stewed in a pan.
patior, eris, passus Bum. v. a. 1. To endure, to bear, to suffer, to undergo
(toil, or pain, or distress) ; certum est in sylvis inter spelaca feraruin raalle
pati, I am determined rather to live a life of hardship in the woods among
the haunts of wild beasts, Virg. 2. To bear with patience, to tolerate.
3. To permit, to allow : consilium meum a tc probari facile patior, lam
glad that my design is approved of by you, Cic; cum indigne pateretur,
as he was very indignant, Cic
ipatrator, oris. m. An accomplishes perpetrator.
patratus.a, nm. part. pass. fr. patroq.v. Pater patratus. The chief of the
Four Fetiales, who were sent to other states to demand reparation and to
declare war in the event of refusal (vide Smith, Diet. Ant., v. Fetialis).
patria, is./, [wdrpa]. A person's native or adopted country ; qui patriam
tanue tarn bene celat aquae, (the Nile) who so well conceals the source of
his mighty waters, Ov.
patrlcius, a, am. adj. Patrician, noble; pi. m. as subst., the patricians, the
nobility.
patrimonium, i. n. Patrimony, property inherited from one's father, a
paternal estate.
pdtrimus. a, am. adj. That has a father living,
tpatrisso, as. v. n. To be like one's father,
patritus, a, am. adj. Of one's father, paternal, ancestral, hereditary.
IB
870 P'AT-FAT
patrius. a, m adj. [pater and patria.] 1. Of, belonging ta, or relating t.
a t.ther, fatherly, paternal. 2. Derived tram a father or from fore
father., hereditary : pr«di.cere .... cura lit . . . . patrios cultusque hata-
tusque locorum, be careful to learn beforehand the original characwr of th.
•oil and the mode of cultivation to which it is used, Virg. 3. Ot, be
longing t>, relating to, or derived from one's country, native,
patro as. v. a. 1. To do, accomplish, execute, bring to pan. 2. To
complete, to terminate, to conclude : ad jusjurandum patrandura, to pro
nounce the customary form of oath in making a treaty, Liv.
patroclmum, i. n. 1. Patronage, protection (e»p. that afforded by a ptro-
nus), defence (eap. in a court of law), advocacy, a pleading the cause lot
another). 2. A person so defended, a client (rare),
ttpatroclnor, aria. *. dtp. To protect (e»p. as a patronua), to defend It
daL).
patrona. ffi. / A protectress, a patroness,
patronus, L m. A protector, defender, patron, (e*p.) a defenoer ot a clwnt,
an ail vocate in a court of law or public assembly.
patrueKs, is. m./ A cousin by the father's side (sometimes found io uk
phr. frater pntruelis). ^^
Spatmelia. 9. adj. Belonging to a relation : quern commune mini prous
et patruelia origo junxit, whom a common descent and kindred onera
has united to me, Ov.
patruua, i. m. 1. An uncle on the father's side. 2. A severe repr»vtt
patruuB, a, urn. adj. Of an uncle.
patulus, a, urn. adj. [pateo.] 1. Standing open, open. 2. Sprcaduv
wide-spreading, wide : patulus orbis, the track common to every one, t»
beaten path, Hor. .
pauci. as. a (sing, once in Enn.), and dim. paucfili, 83, a. Few, a lew.
n. pi., a few words,
paneltas, atis./ Fewness, paucity, scarcity,
paulatim. adv. By degrees, by little and little, gradually,
paulisper. adv. For a little while, for a short time,
paullo, and dim. paullulo. A little, by a little (with comp. adj. or verb rf
comparison). . ...
paullum, and dim. paullulum. A little, somewhat, in a small degree,
paullulus, a, um. adj. (rare, except in ntmt.). Very little, very man
(n«W. usu. c gen.) : paullulum mora:, a very short delay, Cic.
paullus, a, um. adj. Little, small (only in Ter., except in neuL «•«*••
a little (often c. yen.) : paullum partium, a small part of the case, CjC.
pauper, qeiu aria. alj. 1. Poor, possessed of small means. 2. Needy,
necessitous. 3. Scanty, humble (of fare, a house, etc.) ; «. as «&ii
a poor man.
pauperculus, a, um. adj. Poor,
paupero, as. «. a. 1. To make poor, to impoverish. 2. §To deprne
(c abL) atis./, and §pauperies, 61/
paupertas, 1. Poverty, small means scurf
furlune. 2. Indigence, need,
fpausa, a. / [jraOcm. ] A pause, a stop, a cessation,
pauaia, aa./. A kind of olive. .
tpauxillue, a, um, and dim. tpauxillulus, a, um. adj. Little, very law
(sometimes neul. c. gen.).
§pavef acio, la, feci, factum, us. To frighten, to ternfjv
paveo, es, pavi, and pavesco, is, no sup. v. a. and m. 1. (v. a.) Io» ««,
to dread. 2. (r. ».) To be alarmed, to be frightened, to be astounded.
pavide. adv. In a state of alarm, of consternation,
pavldna, a, um. adj. 1. Timid. 2. Frightened, terrified, tremblras
pavida ex somno mnlier, the woman terr fied at being startled out ol h
sleeis Liv.; nandi pavidus, afraid of swimming, Tat; pavMuni bUndiB,
caressing him timorously, Ov.
pavimeato, as. r. a. To pare.
 PAV-PED 371
revimentnm, i. n. A pavement, a floor.
T*vio. fa, Wi ltum. c. a. To beat, to strike.
jpavlto, as. v. a. and ». 1. To fear, to tremble at, to tremble. 2. (v. n.)
To »' alee with the ague.
plvo, oris. m. A peacock.
Ipivdnlnus, 8, tun. adj. 1. Of a peacock, or of peacocks' feathers. 2.
Like a peacock, spotted (of wood, like birds-eye maple).
pivor, oris, m. 1. Fear, teiror, alarm, consternation. 2. § Palpitation,
quivering anxiety (even that of hope, joy, etc).
pax, pads. / 1. Peace, tranquillity. 2. Grace, favour (of the Gods) :
pace tua dixerim, by your leave let me say it, Cic. . . . cum bona pace ad
Alpes incolentium ea loca Gallomm pervenit, he arrived at the Alps with
the willing sanction of the Gauls who inhabited that district, Liv.
peccatum, i. «., and (rare) peccatufl, us. m. A sin, an offence, a trans
gression.
pecco, as. e. n. 1. To do amiss, to err, to transgress, to be in fault, to
offend (sometimes c. ace. of the error committed). 2. To fail, to break
down ; pres. part, as subst. m., an offender.
Speeirosus, a, tun. adj. Rich in cattle (of a country).
pecten. inis. m. 1. A comb. 2. The reed of a weaver's loom. 3.
|A rake. 4. §The plectrum or quill with which the lyre was struck :
dum canimus sacras altemo pectine Nonas, while we celebrate the sacred
nones in elegiac verse, Ov. 5. A kind of shellfish.
petto, fa, xui, tun. v. a. 1. To comb. 2. JTo card wool. 3. fTo
beat.
pectus, oria. m. 1. The breast, the breastbone. 2. The heart (as the
seat of the feelings, of wishes, plans, of love, anger, etc), the mind.
pecu, pi. pecua, abl. pecubus. n. Cattle.
peeuarius, a, um. adj. Of cattle : res pecuaria, a stock of cattle, Cic. — m.
as attt. 1. A grazier. 2. A farmer of the public pastures.— §n. pi.
as snl/sL, heads of cattle.
peculator, oris. m. An embezzler, a peculator.
peculatus, us. m. Embezzlement, peculation.
peculiaris, e. adj. 1. Belonging especially to oneself, peculiar, special.
2. ^Singular, peculiar, especial.
pecflliatoj, a, in. part. fr. +pcculio. Having property, having money.
pectUium, i. «. Property (prop, property in cattle), private property.
pecfinia, m.f. [pecus.] 1. Money. 2. Riches.
pecuniarius, a, um. adj. Of money, pecuniary : res pecuniaria, money,
Ca».
pecuniosus, a, tun. adj. 1. Having much money, rich. 2. ^Bringing
money, gainful (of a trade, etc.).
pecus, oris. n. Cattle, a herd of cattle, a flock of sheep, §a flock Cof animals
of any kind, of swine, of seals, and even of drones ; of the priestesses of
Cvbele, Cat.): lanigerum pecus, sheep, Ov.; pecus magna? parentis, a lion
sacred to Cvbele, Ov. ; sen um pecus, a servile mob, Hor.
pecus, fidis. / (m. also Eun.). A single head of cattle of any kind, one of a
herd or flock, an animal (esp. a sheep ; used even of fishes): istius inipu-
rissims pecudis sordes, the vile conduct of that most pruflig te beast,
Cic.
pedalis, a. adj. Of the size of a foot, a foot long or broad, a foot in diameter,
etc
pedarius, i. m. A senator who, by virtue of some office which he held, or
had held, had a right to be present in the senate, and to Bpeak, but had no
vote (not hiving been entered on the roll of the senate by the censors).
tpedatus, us. m. An attack upon the enemy, a charge.
pedes, Ufa. m, 1. One who goes on foot, who walks. 2. A foot sol
dier. 3. The infantry : oranes cives Romani equites peditesque, all the
Roman citizens of every denomination, Liv.
pedester, trfa, tre. adj. 1. On toot, going or standing on foot, pedes
n vt 9
372 PED—PEL
trhin. 2. Of or belonging to the infantry: pedestres copue, infantry,
Cic. 3. On land : pedestres navalesquo pugntc, battle* by !ai;d and sea,
Cic 4. Prose, in prose, prosaic.
pcdetentim. adv. Step by step, slowly, gradually, cautiously.
pedlca. 8e./. 1. A snare for the feet, a trap, a springe. 2. J A fetter.
pedisequus, i. hi., and pedlsequa, ae. One who follows on foot, a follower,
an attendant ; f. a handmaid (lit. and mctaph.).
pedltatus, us. i«. Infantry, a body of foot soldiers.
pedum, i. n. A shepherd's crook.
Pegaseus, a. urn, ~Fegaseius, a, um, and Pegasis, Idii. adj. Of Pegasus,
the winged horse who sprang from the blood of Medusa, and who, by the
stamp of his foot, opened the fountain of Hippocrene : Petrasides uuda,
Hipoocrene, Ov.— Pegasides, um. pi. f. as subst. The Muses: Pectus
(Enone, (Enone, a nymph of the fountains, Or.; qui ejusmodi nuniios aat
potius Pegasos habet, who has such messengers, or I may say winged
couiicrs, Cic
pegma, atis. n. [irfryvvut.] 1. A wooden frame (esp. a bookcase). 2.
JA piece of machinery in a theatre to raise the actors aloft.
pejero, as. v. a. To swear falsely, to commit perjury : juris pejerati psnt,
punishment for perjury, 1 1 or.
pSjor, oris. comp. fr. malus, q. v.
pelagus, i. n. [pL pelage, only in Liter.) [a-f'Aaryos.] The sea. Vug. says
of the river Timavus, it mare proruptum et pelagn premit arva sonauu,
it pours forth like a violent sea, and covers the land with its roaring flood.
§pelamis, Idis./l A young tunny-fish.
Pelasgus, a, um, and Pelasgias, adis. and Pelasgis, Idis. adj. Pelasgiin,
Greek : qnercus Pelasgie, the oracular oaks at Dodona, Or.
SPelethrouius, a, um. adj. Thessalian.
Pelldes, 33. in. The son of Pelens, king of part of Thessaly, L e. Achilles.
Pelignus, a, um. adj. Of the Peligni, a people of central Italy, to whoa
Ovid belonged: Pelignae anus, sorceresses (because the Peiiguians sad
Marsians practised witchcraft), Hor.
Peliacus, a, um, Pelius, a, um, and / Pelias, ados. a >j Of or from Pe-
lion, a mountain in Thessaly : Peliaca trubs, the ship Argo, Prop.; Pclisi
hasta, the spear of Achilles, Or.
Pellasus, a, um. adj. I. Of Pella, n city in Macedon where Alexander
the Great was born. 2. § Egyptian.
§pellacia, 83./ Beguiling, allurement, seductive blandishment.
tjpellax, ncis / Deceitful, seductive, winning.
pellcx. Icis. / I. A concubine. 2. +A substitute.
pelllcatus, us. m. Concubinage.
pellicio or perl., Is, lexi, tectum, v. a. 1. To allure, entice, invcigla,
decoy. 2. To conciliate, to gain over.
pellicula, as./, dim. of pellis. A little skin, a skin: pelliculam curare, u
take care of oneself, to be foppish, Her.; pelliculam vetcrem retuies,yoa
preserve your old disposition, Pers.
tpellio, onis. »i. A furrier.
pellis, is. / 1. A skin, a hide (whether on the body or stripped off!.
2. ^Anything made of skin or leather (such as a shoe). 3. (In ti) Tecis
(for soldiers): omni totius provinciae pecore compulso pelliuru nomine;
having collected all the cattle of the whole province, on pretence of re
quiring their skins for tents (or, according to others, for shields), Cm
-1. ^Parchment : ausus detrahere pellem uitidus qua quisque per on ee-
deret, daring to atrip off the mask with which each person covered sis
face (lit. covered with which, as to his face, each person proceeded), Hor.;
quoniam in propria non pelle quiessem, siuce I had not been contest u
rest in the condition which belonged to me, Hor.
pellitus, a, um. adj. Clothed in skins: pelliti testes, witnesses from Sar
dinia, where the inhabitants wore skins, Cic. ; pellitas ores, sheep «ti
were covered with skins to preserve their delicate wool, Hor.
 PEL—PEN 373
pello, is, pepuli, pulsum. v. a. 1. To beat, strike, knock. 2. To
drive away, drive out, expel, banish. 3. To beat back, repel, defeat.
4. To strike (the feeling*), to move, to affect,
pellflceo, and perl., es. xi, no sup. v.n. 1. To be transparent, pellucid.
2. To be visible, apparent, clear.
pellCcldtts, and perl., a, Tim, and dim. SpellucH&lus, a, tun. adj. 1.
Transparent, pellucid. 2. Very bright, brilliant.
SPelopeius, a, am, SPelopeus, a, um, and / §Pelopeis, Idis. adj. 1.
Of Pelops, of the Peloponnesus. 2. Grecian. 3. Phrygian (Pelops
being originally a native of Phrygia).
peloris, idis. f. A shellfiKh. a large muscle.
pelta, as. /. [tAtk] A light crescent-shaped shield.
peltastes, as. m. A soldier armed with a pelta, a light-armed soldier.
peltatus, a, um. adj. Armed with a pelta.
Pelusiacus. a, nm. adj. Of Pelusium, a city at the eastern mouth of the
Nile, Kgyptian.
Jpelvis, is./ A basin.
penarius, a, nm. adj. Of or for provisions.
Penates, inzn. pi. m. 1. Household Gods. 2. Home (even of
bee*).
Spenatlger, era, erum. adj. Carrying his household Gods.
pendeo, es, pependi, no sup. v. n. 1. To hang, to hang down, to be sus
pended. 2. To be balanced, poised, to hover. 3. To hang loose, to
be flnbby. 4. §To be unstable, affording no sure footing. 5. To
hang about a place, to linger : pendetque iter um narrantis ab ore, and she
clings to his words as he repeats his tale, Virg. 6. To be suspended,
i. e. put a temporary stop to, to be interrupted. 7. To be in suspense,
in perplexity, to be irresolute. 8. To hang, rest or depend upon (c
ex or in or de and abl., or [more rarely] c. abl.; c. hinc, Hor.):nec aniicum
pendentem corroere patitur, and does not suffer his friend to fall, though
in a position of danger, Cic
pendo, is, pependi and pendi, pensnm. v. a. 1. To weigh, to weigh
out. 2. To pay. :',. To pay (a penalty), to suffer (punishment) :
satis pro temeritate unius hominis supplii-iorum pensum esse, (crying out)
that they had suffered enough for the rashness of one man, Liv. 4. To
weigh (in the mind ), to consider, to ponder on. 5. To esteem, to value,
to regard (c. gen. of the value, magiii, parvi, etc.).
pendulns. a, nm. adj. 1. Hanging down, pendent. 2. In suspense.
3. ^Overhanging.
peine, adv. Almost, nearly; tupcrl. fpenisslme, utterly, Plant.
penes, prep. c. ace. 1. In the possession of, in the power of. 2. With,
in tho company of: penes te es, are you in your sound senses? Hor.
pesStrabHis, e. adj. 1. That can be pierced or penetrated. 2. Piercing,
penetrating.
penetralia, e. adj. 1. +penetratinp, piercing. 2. Inward, interior,
innermost, inmost.— n. ting, and more usu. n. pi. as subst., the inner part
(of a city, or a house), the inner chambers.
pecetro. as. r. a. 1. f To place in, introduce into. 2. To enter, to
penetrate, to pierce : penetratque cavas vox omnis ad aures, and every sound
penetrated to (or reached) the hollow ears, Ov. j nulla res magis penetrat
in animns, nothing sinks deeper into (or makes a deeper impression on) the
mind, Cic.
penlcillnm, i. »., or -ns, i, m. A paintbrush, a pencil.
tpenleulns, i. m. 1. A brush. 2. A sponge.
peninsula, m.f. A peninsula.
penltus. adv., and Spenlte (only once in Cat). 1. Inwardly, deeply, in
or from the inmost depth. 2. Thoroughly, entirely, utterly: peuitus
erudelior, by far more cruel. Prop.
penna, m.f. 1. A feather. 2. (In pi.) Wings. 3. §A winged
arrow : nunc penna veras nunc datis ore nous, you give true signs, soine
BB 3
*74 PEN— PEB
timet by your Bight, sometimes by your voices, Or.; felieilms edits pecnis,
born with happy omens, Prop.
§pennatus, a, urn, and §penn!ger, era. erum. adj. Feathered, winged.
Spennlpes, edis. adj. m.i. With winged (set.
fgpennlpotens, entis. adj. Winged, able to fly.
pennula, ee./. dim. of penna. A little wing, a wing.
pensi, gen. fr. pensus, only in the phr. pensi habere, to regard, to consider
■ important, to lay stress upon; pensi esse, to be regarded : Deque id quibat
modis assequeretur quicqnnm pensi habebat, nor did be in the least care
by what means he gained that object, Cic; illisnec quid diceient nee quid
facerent quicquam illis pensi fuisse, that they never cared the leaa » iut
they did or said. Lit.
pensiiis, e. adj. Hanging, hanging down, hanging up, suspended : pensiiis
uva, dried grapes, Hor.
pensio, onit.f. 1. A payment: tertia pensio, the death of a third has-
band (alluding to the restitution made of the dowery on the death of a
woman's husband), Cic. 2. JRent (of a house or bind).
pensito. as. r. a. 1. To pay. 2. To consider, to ponder, to meditate on.
penso, as. r. a. J . To weigh, to weigh out. 2. To counterbalance, to
compensate, to make amends for : suit nece matttra tenerum pensare pa-
do: cm, I am determined by an early death to make atonement to niv tender
modesty, Ov. 3. To weigh in the mind, to consider, to ponder, to judge of.
pensum, La. 1. A task (lit the wool weighed out for a day's work).
2. An employment, a duty, an office : castrensia pensa laboru, I luboar at
making military garments, Prop.
pensus, a, am. part. fr. pen Jo; used as adj. by PlauL Esteemed, valued.—
Set pensi
tpenteria, ldis. f. [werrVjons], A ship with five banks of oars.
penuria, m.f. Want, need, scarcity.
penus, us and i. m.f.\ also penus, oris. ». Provisions, victuals.
peplum, i. n. [ttitKov.] The state robe of Minerva.
per. prrp.c. ace. 1. Through, through the midst of, throughout (of phee*.
2. Through, throughout (of time), during. 3. Through, by means of,
by reason of, by. 4. Through, on account of. 5. Under pretence of.
6. By (of swearing, etc.). 7. As far as concerns, for: per teneonu et
inseltiam ceterorum, in the dark, and without the knowledge of the rest,
Tac; per ludum, in jest, Cic.; per summuni dedecus, in the most disgrace
ful manner, Cic; homo per se cognitus, a man of himself well known (sine
ulla commendatione raajorum), Cic; satis per te tibi consulis, yon can by
yourself take care of yourself, Hor.; per duces, non per milites stetisse a*
rincerent, that it had been owing to the generals, not to the soldiers, that
they did not conquer, Liv.; per me ista pedibus trahantur, for all 1 caie
those things may go to the dogs, Cic; per quaui breviter, veiy briefly, Cic;
Jpera. SB./, [irijpa.] A wallet.
perabsnrdus, a, um. adj. Very al surd.
peraccommodatus, a, am. adj. Very convenient.
peracer, cris, ere. adj. Very sharp, very severe.
peracerbus, a, um. adj. Very bitter.
peractio, bait./. Completion.
per&cute. adv. 1. Very acutely. 2. Very keenly.
peracutus, a, um. adj. 1. Very sharp, very piercing. 2. Very acute,
very shrewd, with great penetration.
peradolescens, entis, and peradolescentulus, i. m. A very young man.
perseque. adv. Equally, quite equally.
peraglto, as. v. a. To drive about very much, to harass.
perago, is, egi, actum, v. a. 1. To do thoroughly, to accomplish, to
complete, to finish, perform, do. 2. To go through, i. e. describe, r-lale,
to mention, to declare, to pronounce (an opinion). 3. §To pass (a time).
' §To thrust through, to pierce (c ace of the thing pierced, abl. of t»«
ipon). 5. §Tu traverse, to pas* over. 6. ^Very raw) To drivt
 PER 375
about, i. e. to bants: nti . . . dona prregit, when he had gone through,
i. e. finished distributing the pr zes, Virg.; si reum pernio, if I prosecute
the defendant to conviction, Liv.; ille suam peragebat humum, he tilled
his own bind, Or.
peragratio. onis./ A travelling through.
pfegro, as. r. a. 1. To go through, to travel through, traverse. 2.
(Metaph. with the mind, in a speech, etc.) To go over, to touch upon:
euju« res gestae omnea gentes terra manque per.igrassent, the fame of
whose exploits had travelled through every nation on earth, Cic
peramans. tis. adj. Very loving, very affectionate.
peramanter. a<iv. Very lovingly, very affectionately.
perambulo, as. r. a. To walk through, go through, perambulate, traverse.
2. To run through, to penetrate (as cold) : recto necne crocum flnresque
perambub t Attas fabula si dubitem, if I were to donbt whether the play of
Atta is well written (lit. treads tbe flowers with which the stage is
strewed in a proper manner), Hor.
*peramoenns, a, urn. adj. Very pleasant.
peranvplos, at, tun. adj. Very large.
peranguste. adv. Very narrowly.
perangustus, a, um. adj. Very narrow.
perantiquus. a. tun. adj. Very ancient
perappositus, a, mo. adj. Very anitaMy, very apposite.
perardnus, a, am. adj. Very difficult.
periro, as. e. a. To plongh, to furrow (lit and metaph.). 2. To write.
perattente. adv. Very attentively.
perattentua, a, tun. adj. Very attentive.
perbacchor. aris. r. dtp. To spend (time) in revelling.
perbeatus, a, tun. adj. Very fortunate, very happy.
perbelle. adv. Very neatly, very finely.
perbene. ado. Very well, excellently.
perbenig-ne. adv. Very kindly, very courteously.
perblbo, is, blbi, blbitum. v. a. ' 1. To drink up, to swallow. 2. To
imbibe.
tperblto. as. ». b. 1. To go over. 2. To perish.
perblandus, a, am. adj. Very winning, conciliating, courteous.
perbonua, a, tun. adj. Very good.
perbrevis, e. adj. Very short, very brief.
perbrerHer. adv. Very briefly, in a few words.
+;percal8facio. Is, feci, factum, r. o. To warm thoroughly.
percalesoo, is. lui, no sup. v. n. To 1 crome thoroughly warm.
percallesco, is, ltti, no sup. r. a. and a. 1. (v. n.) To become thoroughly
hardened, or callous. 2. (t>. a.) To be well versed in, thoroughly ac
quainted with, to know completely.
percirus, a, urn. adj. 1 . Very costly. 2. Very dear, much loved.
percantns, a, um. adj. Very cautious.
percelebro, as. ». «. ; in pass. To be continually spoken of, continually re
pented.
perceler, iris, ere. adj. Very swift, very speedy.
perceleriter. adv. Very swiftly, very speedily.
percello. is, culi, culsum. r. a. 1. To strike, to smite, to beat to strike
duwn. 2. To ruin, destroy. 3. To strike (with any feeling, esp. fear,
or awe, §even with love), to make a violent impression on, to dismay (in
in this sense esp. in jkiss. part.—See p Tculsos).
percenseo, es, ui, sum. r. a. 1. To count over, to reckon up, to enume
rate. 2. To survey, to examine. 3. To traverse, to travel over xor
thnueh.
perceptio, onis. f. 1. A gathering in. a collecting. 2. Perception, com
prehension : animi pcrceptiones, ideas, Cic.
Parceptns. a. um. part. tr. pcrcipio, q. v. : pereepta artis, rales of art Cic
tpcrcldo, is, di, sum. r. a. [cardo.J To cut, to beat.
n d !
876 PEE
percieo, nnd tcio, is. civi, citum. v. a. To eicite, to stimulate.
perclpio, is, cepi, ceptum. v. a. 1. To take possession of, to take, to
seize, to assume, to receive. 2. To gnther in (crops, etc.). 3. To
perceivp, to feel. 4. To understand, to comprehend : Themistocles om
nium civiura nomina perceperat, Themistocles knew every citizen by name,
Cic. ; percipite qua; dicani, attend to what I say, Cic; crebneque nuac
querela, nunc minte percipiebantur. and frequent eipressions, sometimes of
complaint, sometimes of menace, were heard from him, Liv.
percltus, a, am. pari. pass, of percieo ; also as adj. Excitable.
f percolo, aa. r. a. To strain, to filter.
Jpercolo, is, ui, cultum v. a. 1. To adorn. 2. To honour greatly.
3. To finish.
percomis, e. Very courteous.
percommSde. adv. Very conveniently, very seasonably.
porcommodus, a, am. adj. Very convenient, very seasonable.
pcrcontatio, onis. f. An asking of questions, a question, inquiry.
Spercontator, oris. m. One fond of asking questions, an inquisitive person.
percontor, aril. v. dep. 1. To ask a question, to ask, to inquire. 2. To
interrogate (sometimes c. dupl. ace, or c. de and abl. rei).
tpercontumax, acU. adj. Very obstinate.
percoquo, is, xi, ctttm. v. a. To heat thoroughly, to ripen : nigra virum
percoctnque sa?cla calore, a race of men black and tanned by the heat,
Lucr.
percrebresco, is, brui, no sup. v. n. To be generally known, be generally
reported, or talked about, to prevail (as a report, etc).
percrepo, aa, no sup. v. n. To resound.
perculsus, a, am. part. pass. fr. percella, q. v. 1. Struck, (esp. struck
with fear) terrified, amazed, disheartened, discouraged. 2. Ruined,
undone: amore perculsus gravi, under the influence of violent love, Hor.
perctipldus, a, urn. adj. Very fond of, greatly attached to (c. gen.).
pcrcuro, as. v. a. To cure thoroughly.
percuriosus, a, am. adj. Very careful, very curious.
percurro, is, ri, sum. v. a. 1. To run through, or over, to pass through,
to pass swiftly over or across, to traverse, to run, to hasten. 2. To nut
over (in speaking, etc.), to mention cursorily, to touch upon, to look over,
give a brief glance at : agili perenrrit pollice chordas, she touches the
strings (of the lyre) with light finger, Ov.; (pass, impers.) si noil ista
brevitate percurritur, if it is not hurried over with that brevity, Cic
percursatio, onis./. A rapid travelling through.
percursio, onis. f. A running over or through, a rapid surrey.
percurso, as. r. n. To run about in, to range through (c. abl.).
percussio, onis./: A beating, (sometimes esp.) a beating of time (musical or
rhythmical time).
percussor, oris. >». A murderer, an assassin.
perenssus, us. m. A beating, a striking.
perc&tio, Is, cussi, cussam. v. a. 1. To strike (lit. and metaph.), to
smite, to strike through, to pierce : quos securi percussnrus esset, whom he
intended to have executed, i. e. beheaded, Liv.; percussus calamitste,
stricken down by misfortune, Cic 2. To strike (with a feeling, esp.
surprise), to make an impression on. 3. To deceive, to cheat (rare).
+§perdelinis, a, urn. adj. Very silly.
perdifflcllis, e. adj. Very difficult.
perdifficillter. adv. With great difficulty.
perdignus, a, am. adj. Very worthy (c. abl.).
perdlllgens, entis. adj. Very diligent.
perdlllgenter. adv. Very diligently, very carefully.
perdisco, is, dldloi, no sup. v. a. To learn thoroughly, to learn by heart.
perdiserte. adv. Very eloquently.
perdlto. adv. 1 . Disperately, excessively. 2, Profligately.
 PEE 877
perdltor, iris. m. A destroyer, a ruiner.
perdltns, a, am. pari. past, from perdo, q. v. ; alio as adj. c compar. etc.
1. Utterly rained. 2. Abandoned, profligate : perditus in quod.im, de
sperately in love with some one, Prop.
perdia adv. For a very long lime.
perdiuturnus, a, am. adj. Lasting a very long time, very long, protracted,
perdives, Itls. adj. Very rich,
perdix, icis. m.f. A partridge.
perdo, is, dldi, dltum. r. a. 1. To destroy, to ruin. 2. To squander,
to waste, to throw away uselessly. 3. To lose : nomen perdidi, I have
forgotten the name, Ter.
perdoceo, es, ui, ctum. v. o. To teach thoroughly.
perdoctus, a, tun. pari. past, of prec.; as adj. Very learned.
perdoleo, es, and -esco, is, ui, Hum. v. n. To grieve greatly, to be very
sorry.
perdomo, as, ui, Itum. c. a. To train thoroughly, to subdue.
perdufio, is, zi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead or bring (a person, etc.) through
(a place), to lead, to bring, to conduct : putasne perduci pnterit tarn ....
pudica, think you that one so modest will be able to be led astray (to be
led to a lover) ? Hor. 2. To draw out, to protract : M. Valerium Cor-
vum accepimus ad centesimum annum perduxisse (vitam or senectutem), we
have heard that Marcus Valerius Corrus protracted his life to the hun
dredth year, Cic. 3. To bring over, to persuade, to induce : eos ad se
pnduxerant, they had won them over to their side, Cass. 4. § To be
smear.
perdnctor, oris. w. 1. A conductor. 2. A pimp, a pander.
perduellio. onis. f. Treason, high treason.
perduellis, is. m. A traitor, i. e. one guilty of high treason.
;periuro, as. r. n. To last.
peredo, is, edi, esum. v. a. To eat up, devour, consume.
pgrigre. ad*. I. Abroad. 2. From abroad. 3. To foreign parts.
peregrinabondus, a. urn. adj. Traveling about.
psregrlnatio, onis. f. A travelling about, being abroad, travel.
peregrliiator, oris. m. A traveller.
peregrinltas, atis./. 1. JA being a foreigner. 2. Foreign manners
or habits. 3. J A foreign accent.
peregrinor, axis. v. dtp. 1. To travel abroad, to travel. 2. To live
abroad, to be a stranger : vestiae peregrinantur aures, are your ears abroad
(so that you do not hear these reports) ? Cic.
peregrinus, a, urn. adj. That comes from foreign parts, foreign, strange, in
any way belonging to what is foreign : peregrino labore fessi, weary of tra-
vellingahroad, Cat.; turn peregrino terrore sopitum malum, at that time this
evil was quelled by the fear of foreign enemies, Liv. 2. Ignorant (as a
foreigner), inexperienced : m.f. as suUl., a foreigner, a stranger, an alien
(sometimes esp. a foreign resident).
perelegans, tis. adj. Very elegant, very neat.
pere.eganter. adv. Very elegantly, very neatly.
pereloqnens, tis. adj. Very eloquent.
peremnia. am. pi. n. [per amnes.] Auspices taken on crossing a river.
peremptus, a, urn. pari. pan. fr. perimo, q. v.
perendie. adv. On the day nfter to-morrow.
perendlnus, a, um. adj. After to-morrow : perendino die, on the next day
but one, Caes.
perennis, e. adj. [annus.] Lasting the whole year, everlasting, never end
ing, perennial, perpetual.
perennitas, atis. /. Never-ending continuance, everlasting duration.
Sperenno. as. r. *. To last for ever, to be everlasting.
pereo, Is, ivi, usu. ii, Itum. v. n. 1. To pass away, to disappear. 2.
To perish, to die. 3. To be undone, to be ruined : peream male (a form
of imprecation), may I be utterly undone, Hor.; Paris fertur penisse La
378 PER
raena, P»ri» u reported to hare been desperately in lore with Helen, Prep.;
{pais- only in gerundive) pereunduni erit ante luceniaa, you wiil die before
evening. Jut.
perequlto, as. r. a. To ride through, to drive through or about (c ace or c
per and ace., or sine c).
pererro, aa. r. a. To wander, ramble, or roam about or through, to traverse:
totum-iue pererrat luminibus tacitia, the surveys him all over with he
silent eyes, Virg.
perer&ditus, a. m adj. Very learned.
perexlgue. adv. In very small quantities, very sparingly.
perexlguus. a, nm. adj. Very little, very scanty, (of time) very short.
perexpeditui, a, nm. adj. Very easy, very obvious.
pcrfacete. aJn. Very wittily, very humorously.
perfacetus, a. nm. adj. Very witty, very humorous.
perfaclle. adr. 1. Very easily. 2. Very willingly.
perfacllis, e. adj. 1. Very easy. 2. Very courteous or affable.
perfamlliaris, is. A very intimate friend (c pen. or das.).
perfects), orfr. Perfectly, completely, thoroughly.
perfectio, onis. / 1. Perfection, completeness. 2. Completion.
perfector. oris. m. ; and f. £-trix. trie's A finisher, one who completes, who
renders complete: perfect >r dicendi, a perfect master of oratory. Cic.
perfectus, a, tun. pari. past. it. perricio, q. v. ; also as adj. c compar. etc
Perfect, complete, excellent.
perferens, entis. part, of seq. ; also as adj. Patient under (c gen.).
perfero, fsra, tuli. la turn. r. a. irr. 1 . To carry, to bring, to convey, to
bear. 2. To bear, i. e, to support, endure. 3. To bear patiently,
submit, put up with : legem penulit, he carried a law, Liv. ; eermoae
omnium perferiur ad me, I am informed by general conversation (that, etc.),
Cic. ; cum ad eum fama tanti exercitus perlata esset, when the news of so
vast an army reached him, Liv. ; lapis . . . nee spatium evasit totura nee
pertulit ictum, the stone did not go the whole distance, n r did it carry the
wound (as far as it was intended, i. e. did not reach the man it was aimed
at, so as to wound him), Virg. ; te reginse ad limine perfer, tnaspert
yourself to (i. e. go to) the queen's threshold, Virg.; pertulit intrepidos ad
fata noviasima vultus, she preserved an intrepid countenance to the end, Ov.
perflcio, is, feci, factum, c. o. 1. To achieve, execute, perform, accomplish,
finish, complete. S. To make. 3. To bring to pass. 4. T» per
feet, to make perfect (lit and as a teacher makes a pupil perfect).
perfldelia, e. adj. Very faithful, very trustworthy.
perfidia, te.f. Perfidy, treachery.
perfidiose. adr. Perfidiously, treacherously.
perfidiosus, a, nm. adj. Perfidious, treacherous, of faithless disposition.
perfldus, a, nm. adj. 1. Perfidious, treacherous, acting treaeheretsly,
faithless. 2. < Not to be trusted, unsife (of a road): perndum ridens
Venus, Venus smiling with a treacherous smile, Hor.
+ Sperfigo, is, xi, znm. r. a. To pierce.
tjtperfiuio. Is, Ivi. Itum. t>. a. To finish completely, to finish.
perflabllis. e. adj. That can be blown through.
pcrflagitiosus, a, nm. adj. Very wicked, very infamous.
perfl.0. as. r. a. To blow through, over, or across.
+§perfluctuo, as. r. a. To flow through, to pervade.
+§perflno, la, xi, xum. r. a. To flow over or through, to pervade.
periodic-. Is, fodi, fossum. r. a. To dig through, to pierce.
perforo, as. v. a. J. To bore through, to pierce. 2. To cot thrnajri:
cum rerum natura . . . duo lamina ab animo ad oculos perforata nos sabers
voluiss-et, since nature hod chosen us to have two channels of light cos-
ducted from the mind to the eyes, Cic
•f-perfortlter. ativ. Very bravely.
tperfossor, oris. in. A breaker through.
tSperfremo, is, ui, Itum. v. a. To roar along.
 PEE 379
perfrequetis, entis «</_/. Very crowded.
perfrieo, as, ui, ctum. v.a. 1. To rub all over, to rub. 2. To scratch:
qnum os perfncuisti, when you hare rubbed your face hard (i. e. laid aside
all shame), Cic.
Iperirigeseo, is, xi, no sup. v. n. To be very cold.
perfrigldus, a. um. adj. Very cold.
perfrmgo, is. fregi, fractum. v. a. 1. To break to pieces, to break (even
of breaking, i. e. routing, enemies), 2, To break through, force one's
way through. 3. To break, i. e. infringe, violate (orders, etc.). 4.
To break down (harriers, etc. ) : quod votis optastis . . . perfringere dextra,
what you hare prayed to accomplish victoriously with your own right
bands, Virg.
ptrfruor, eris, ctus sum. c dep. ]. To enjoy thoroughly (c.abl.). 2.
§To perform.
perfigio, is, fugi, fugitum. r. «. 1. To flee (to a place of refuge). 2.
To flee (as as a deserter), to desert.
perfugium. in. A place of refuge, an asylum.
perfonctio, onis./". A performing, a discharging (duty, labour, etc.).
perfunctus, a, tun. pari. fr. perfungor, q. v.
perfundo, is, fadi, fusum. r. a. 1. To pour over, to sprinkle over, to
soak (c. ace. of the thing sprinkled, abl. of the liquor, etc.) : nrtus perudit
sudor, sweat ran down his limbs, Virg.; ostro perfuses vestes, garments
dyed with purple. Virg.; perfusa pnpavera somno, poppies impregnated
with sleep (i. e. with soporific qualities), Virg. 2. To imbue, to fill, to
inspire (the mind with a feeling, etc.): mihi videris.. .veils nos judicio per-
fondere, you seem to wish to annoy us with legal proceedings, Cic.
perfungor, eris. functus stun. v. dep. 1. To fulfil, perform, discharge,
finish. 2. To endure, to go through, to come to the end of (c. abl.).
3. §To enjoy : vita perfunctus, dead, Lucr.; se perfunctos jam esse arbi-
tranttir, they think themselves now released from their duty, Cic.—perf.
part, once in pass, sense; memoria perfuncti periculi, from a recollection of
the danger one has been in, Cic.
perfuro, is, no perf. v. a. To rage furiously.
pen'usus. a, nm. part. pats. fr. perfundo, q. v.
Pergameus, a, nm. adj. Trojiin: 1'ergamea vates, Cassandra, Prop.
pe-gaudeo, es. gavisus sum. v. n. To rejoice greatly, to be very glad.
pergo, is, perrexi, ctum. r. n. To go, to proceed, to continue (sometimes
c ace of the path in which) : perge de Ciesatc, go on and tell me about
Caesar, Cic
pergrandis, e. adj. Very great: pergrandis natu, very old, Liv.
pergTitus, a. um. ad;. Very pleasing, very acceptable.
pergravUer. adv. Very gravely, very seriously.
pergravis, e. adj. Very weighty, very important.
Xpergula, se./*. 1. A balcony, a gallery. 2. A lecture-room, a school.
perhlbeo. es, ui, Hum. v. a. 1. To bring forward, to produce, to supply,
2. To say, relate, mention, to give out, to tell (a tale). 3. To call, to
pronounce.
+§perhilum, i. n. Very little.
perhonorifice. adv. Very honourably, with great respect.
perhonorificus, a, um. adj. Very honourable.
perhorresco, is, mi, no sup. v. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To tremble greatly,
1o shake. 2. To dread exceedingly, to be greatly afraid of.
perhorridus, a. um. adj. Very horritle, dreadful.
perhumanlter. adv. Very civilly, very courteously.
perhnmanns, a, um. adj. Very civil, courteous, or kind.
penclltatio, onis. /.' A trial, a making an experiment.
periclitor, aria. v. dep. (perf. part, sometimes in pass, sense.). 1. To try,
pr-ve, put to the test, make experiment of. 2. To put in danger, to en
danger, to jeopardise, to risK. 3. To try, to make an attempt. 4.
To be in danger, to be endangered : quuiu quid aliud quam iugenii fama
 PEE
peTieTitarer. tW> what should I torn at (take bot my credit for ability?
I. r. ; ui per obsequimn led pnrlns et perielitanda tati sunt, they lecure
their minx, not by nfaeaanen, bat by war and enterpriae, Tac.
pencolOM: adr. longerons, witb danger, in a dangerous manner.
perieulosTJi, a, in. adj. Dangenoa, attended with danger, full of danger,
pen loot, hazardous.
pericilum, sync icliam. La. 1. Trial, experiment 2. Risk, dantrr,
peril, hazard. 3. A trial, a rait at law. 4. A judicial sentence or
record af a sentence. 5. An attempt at writing, i. e. an essay : ejusdeti
pecuniae pericalnm facrre, to nm the risk of incurring the same penalty,
Tac.; pericula que mini uni intenduntur, dangers with which I alone am
threatened, Cic
peridoneus, a, nL adj. Terr suitable, very fit.
perLlutria. e. adj. Very celebrated, conspicuous, notorious.
perimbecillus. a, tun. adj. Very weak, Terr feeble.
perimo, ia, emi, emptum. v. a. I. To take away, to destroy, to pat n
end to, to extinguish. 2. To prevent 3. §To kill, to slay : luns
snbito per'-mpta est, the moon suddenly disappeared, Cic (Poet)
perincommode. tidr. Wry inconveniently.
perincommodu, a, am. adj. Very inconvenient, very troublesome.
perinde. adv. 1. In the same manner, equally. 2. perinde atqns or
ac, p. ut, just as, exactly as. 3. perinde, si, p. quasi, jast as if:
perinde hoc valet . . . tanquam servura . . . aliquis consulem furnram dicat,
is this the same as if any one were to say that a slave would be made
consul ? Liv. (so p. qnam, Tac.) ; nee perinde dijodicari potest quid optimum
facta fucrit quam pessimum fuisse quod factum est, nor can it be de
cided with equal ease what was best to be done, as that what v«
done was the worst thing possible, Tac.
perindulgens, entis. adj. Very indulgent very kind.
perinfirmns, a, nm. ad . Very weak, unimportant
peringeniostu, a, tun. adj. Very ingenious, very clever.
periniquus, a, urn. adj. Very unjust: periniquo patiebar animo, I was very
indignant Cic.
perinsignia, e. adj. Very conspicuons.
peri avis us. a, nm. adj. Greatly hated, very odious.
perinvitus, a, nm. adj. Very unwilling.
periodus, \.f. A sentence, a period.
FSrlpatetici, orum. pi. in. [irtpmaTiu.'] Peripatetic philosophers.
perfpetasmata, a, nm. pi. n. [wepiirfTao-ua.] Curtains, hangings, carpels.
periratus, a, nm, adj. Very angry.
periscelis, idia.y. [ttpl o-/«'Aos.] An anklet an ornament for the leg.
peristroma, atis. n. [w«pi VTpcifDvui.] A curtain, a carpet
pSrite. adv. Skilfully, cleverly, expertly.
peri tia. ae. / Skill, practical knowledge, experience.
+8perlt0, U. v. n. To perish.
peritus, a, nm. adj. Skilful, having practical knowledge in (c. gen., or c.
nbl, or c. prep, in and abl., or ad and ace).
perjucunde. adv. Very pleasantly, very agreeably.
perjucundus, a, nm. oof;. Very pleasant, very agreeable.
perjurium, i. ». A fulse oath, perjury.
perjuro, as. v. n. To swear falsely: perj urates in men darona Deos, the
0"d» falsely invoked, to my own injury, Ov.
perjurus, a, nm. adj. Swearing or having swom falsely, perjured.
perlibor, eris, lapsus sum. v. dtp. 1. To glide through or over. -■
To go, to come, to reach (c. ad and ace).
perleatus, a, nm. adj. Very glad, very joyful.
pcrlate. adv. Very widely, very extensively.
perlateo. es, ni, no sup. v.n. To lie concealed for a long time.
perlatus, a, nm. part. pan. fr. perfero. q. v.
perlego, ia, legi, lectum, v. a. 1. To examine, to survey. 2. To real
 PER 381
through : censores senatum perlegerunt, the Censors called over the roll of
tht* Senate, Liv.
perleviter. ailv. Very slightly, in a very trifling degree.
jerlevis, e. adj. Very slight, trifling, unimportant.
perllbens, entis. adj. Very glad . me perlibente, to my great delight, Cic.
perll'oentar. adv. Very willingly.
ptrllberallter. adv. Very liberally, in a very gentlemanlike manner.
perlicie. — See pellicio.
perlito, as. v. a. To sacrifice auspiciously, to perform (a sacrifice) auspi
ciously : diu non perlitatum tenuerat dictatorcin, the length of time before
a faTourable omen appeared had delayed the Dictator.
perlitas. a, um. part. puts. fr. Jperlino. Polluted.
tperlonge. adv. Very far off, a long way off.
perlongus, a, um. adj. Very long.
perluceo. perlucldus, etc. See pelluceo, etc.
perluctuosus, a, um. adj. Very grievous.
perluo, is. ui, utum. r. a. To wash, to bathe ; pan., to bathe oneself, to bathe.
perlustro, as. r. a. 1. To wander or roam over or through, to traverse.
'2. To survey, to examine.
pennagnus, a, um. adj. Very great.
t?peraanaater. adv. By flowing through.
ptrmaneo, es, si, sum. v. n. To remain, to continue, to last, to persevere.
permano, as. t. n. To flow through, to penetrate, to reach (c. ace. or c. in
and ace.).
permansio. onis.yC An abiding, a continuance, a persisting.
permarXnus, a, um. adj. Of the sea, of those who travel by sea
permaturesco, is, rui, no sup. v. n. To become thoroughly ripe.
permediocris, e. adj. Very moderate.
permeo, as. r. a. 1. To go through, to penetrate, to pervade. 2. (c
ill and ace. ) To reach.
permetior, Iris, mensus sum. v.dep. 1. To measure. 2. To travel
over, to traverse : ssecula permensus, having lived through the ages . . . .,
Mart.
pennetuens, tis. part, of permetiio, inns. Fearing greatly.
perminutus, a, um. adj. Very little, very small.
ptrmlrus, a, um. adj. Very wonderful, admirable, or strange.
permizceo, es, ui, xtum. v. a. 1, To mingle, to mix. 2. To throw
into confusion.
permissio, onis. /., and permissus, us. m. Permission, leave : pctere ut per-
miuionem extra civium corpora fieri juberent, to beg that they would allow
them to surrender at discretion, with the exception of a provision that the
persons of the citizens should be protected, Liv.
Spermissum, i. u. Leave : utor permisso, I avail myself of the permission,
Hor.
permitto, is, mlsi, missum. v. a. 1. To let go, to let loose. 2. §To let
fly, to cast, to shoot. 3. To entrust, to commit (as a duty, a task, or a
pledge). 4. To give up, to surrender (c. in and ace, or c. dat.). 5.
(The most usu. meaning) To permit, to allow, to concede: qui eum vexandis
prions anni consulibus permissurum tribunatum credebant, who thought
that he would devote his tribuneship to harassing the consuls of the pre
ceding year, Liv.; inimicitias . . . se patribus conscript:! dixit et temporibus
reipublicse permissurum, he said that he would sacrifice his private enmities
. to the entreaties of the senate and the necessities of the state, Cic. ; quot
darentur permissum tribunis est, how many should be given was left to the
discretion of the tribunes, Liv.; Numitori Albana permissa re, the govern
ment of Alba being left in possession of Numitor, Lit,
permixte. adv. Confusedly, promiscuously.
permixtio, onis. f. A mixing, a mixture.
pennodestus. a, um. ailj. Very modest.
permolaste tulit. He was exceedingly grieved, Cic.
382 PER
permolestus, 8, um. adj. Very troublesome, very vexatious.
permo tio, onis. / 1 . Emotion. 2. (In pi.) Passions.
permoveo, es, movi, motus. r. a. 1 . To move, to agitate. 2. T» in
fluence, to excite, to prevail upon : dormientes, ant mente perraoti, people
asleep or in a trance, Cic.
permuleeo, es, si, sum. v. o. 1. To touch gently, lightly, to stroke. 2.
To soothe, to charm, to appease, to propitiate, to allay irritation.
permultum, and before compar. perm ul to. adv. Very much, wry far.
permultus, a, Uffl, adj. Very much, very many, very great.
permfinio. Is, ivi, Itnm. v. o. To fortify completely, to finish forufynw.
permutatio, onis. / 1. Change, alteration. 2. Exchange, Barter.
3. A receiving money by bills of, exchanging, negotiating a bill of ex
change.
permfito, as. v. a. 1. To change, to rlter. 2. To exchange, to btrter.
3. To exchange money, to negotiate bills of exchange.
perna, 88. f. A leg of pork, a hum, bacon.
pernecessarius, a, in. adj. Very necessary ; m. as svhst.. a most int'matt
friend.
pernego, as. v. a. To deny or refuse positively.
*£perneo, es, nevi, netum. v. a. To spin to an end, to finish.
pernlcialis, e. adj. Pernicious, injurious, destructive.
pernlcies, ei.f. Injury, damage, mischief, destruction.
pernlciose. adv. Maliciously, perniciously, injuriously.
perniciosus, a, tun. adj. Pernicious, injurious, mischievous, destrortir?,
ruinous.
pemicitas, atis./ Swiftness, speed, rapidity.
pernlclter. adv. Swiftly, with rapidity, with agility.
fpernlmius, a, um. adj. Too much, too great
pernix, Ids. adj. 1. Active, agile, quick, swift 2. §Pronrpt, hasty.
pernobilis, e. adj. Very famous, very well known.
pernocto. as. v. n. To stay all night lontr, to pass all night
pernosco, is, novi, notum. v. a. 1. To examine thoroughly. 2. T»
know thoroughly.
* pernotescit, per/, -notuit. It is generally known.
pernox, ctis. adj. Listing all night : luna peroox, full moon, Liv., Of.
pernumero, as. v. a. To count up, to reckon.
pero. onis. in. A boot made of undressed skins.
pSrobscurus, a, um. adj. Very obscure.
perodiosus, a, um. adj. Very odious, very troublesome.
perofficiose. adv. Very attentively, very obligingly.
■ftjperoleo, es, ui. no sup. To emit a strong smell.
Jperonatus, a, um. adj. Wearing boots of undressed skins.
plropportuns. adv. Very seasonably.
peropportunus. a, um. adj. Very seasonable, very convenient.
peroptato. adv. Very much to one's wish.
per6pus. {tided. Very necessary.
perora'io, onis./! The summing up of a speech, a peroration.
perornatus, a, um. part, of seq.; also as adj. Very ornate, highly an
niented.
Jperorno, as. To adom greatly.
peroro, as. v. a. 1. To sum up, to conclude a speech. 2. To brief "
an end, to conclude.
Jperosculor, axis. v. dep. To kiss over and over again.
perosus. a, um. adj. Hating, detesting.
perpaco, as. t>. a. To render completely peaceful, to pacify, to suWie.
+perparce. adv. Very spflringly.
perparvus and perparvulus, a. um. adj. Very small, verv little.
fperpastus, a, um. adj. Well fed.
perpauci and perpauculi, 83, a. pi. adj. Very few.
perpaullum and perpaullulum, a, um. n. adj. A very little.
 PER 388
perpanper, Sris. adj. Very poor.
perpello. is, puli. pulsum. r. «. To impel, induce, persuade, prevail on.
perpendiculam, i. n. A plummet, a pluuib-liue : ad perpendiculum, perpen-
dtctuarly.
perpcndo. is. di, sum. v. a. 1. To perpend, weigh, consider. 2. To
estimate.
perperam. adv. Wrongly, incorrectly, falsely.
perpessio, 6nis. /.' A suffering, an enduring.
perpetior, eris, pessus sum. v. dep. To suffer, endure, bear.
perpetro, as. r. a. To do, to execute, to accomplish, to achieve, to conclude
(a peace, etc.) : cujus jussn pirpetratum ingenuitatis judicium erat, by
whose command the inquiry into their free birth had taken place, Tac.
perpetultas, atis.y". Uninterrupted duration, unbroken continuance or suc
cession, perpetuity : in vita; perpetuitate, through the whole course of one's
life, Cic; non ex singulis vocibus pliilosophi spectandi sunt, sed ei perpe
tuitate atone constautiA, philosophers must be judged of not by single ex
pressions, but by the whole tenor of their lives, and by their consistency,
Cic; perpetuitas jermoma, an entire speech, Cic,
perpetuo. adv. For ever, perpetually.
perpetuo, as. c. a. To perpetuate, to cause to continue : perpetuare verba,
to pronounce a number of words in one breath, Cic.
perpetuus, a, tun. adj. 1. In an unbroken line, unbroken, uninterrupted,
continuous. 2. Whole, entire. 3. Everlasting, perpetual. 4.
Universal, general : in perpetuuin, for ever, Cic.
perplaceo, es, ui, Itum. e. o. To please exceedingly.
perplexe. adv. Perplexedly, confusedly, indistinctly, obscurely,
perplexus, a, um. mlj. Entangled, intricate, obscure, ambiguous.
JtperpUcatus, a, um (in tmesi, per . . . plicatus). adj. Entangled.
tperpluo, is. v. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To pour through, like rain. 2.
(r. «.) To let the rain through.
perpolio, Is, Ivi, Itum. v. a. To polish completely, to put the last finish to.
perp5lite. adv. In a highly polished manner, exquisitely.
perpolitio, onii,/. A thorough polishing, giving a last finish.
perpdlitns, a, um, pari. pan. fr. perpolio ; as adj. Very polished, highly
accomplished, very refined.
perpopulor, aris. v. dep. To ravage, to pillage completely.
perporto, as. v. a. To carry all the way.
perpotatio, onis. f. A long drinking bout.
perpoto, as. e. a. 1. To drink for a long time. 2. fTo drink : totos
dies perpotabat, he spent whole days in drinking, Cic.
parprlmo, is, pressi. pressum. v. a. To press.
perprfpinquus, a, um. adj. Very near.
perpagnax, ads. adj. Very pugnacious.
+perpulcher, chra. chrum. adj. Very beautiful.
perpurgo, as. v. a. J. To cleanse thoroughly. 2. To clear up or ex
plain fully.
perpusillus, a, um. adj. Very little.
perquam. adv. Verv, extremely. — See per.
perquiro, is, quJsIvi, Itum. v. a. 1. To search diligently for, to make
dilnjen't inquiry. 2. To examine carefully : pass, as unpen., careful in
quiry is made.
perquisite, adv. With diligent curiosity, carefully.
perraro. adv. Very seldom.
perrarus, a. um. mlj. Very rare, scarce, uncommon.
perreconditus, a, um. adj. Very abstruse or recondite.
perrepo, is, psi, ptum. and tperrepto, as. r. a. To crawl over or through.
perridicule. adv. Very ridiculously.
perridlculus, a, um. adj. Very ridiculous, very laughable.
perrogo. as. r. a. To ask in succession : perrogari eo die sentential . . . non
potuere, the votes could not be all collected that day, Liv.
 384 PER
perrumpo, is, riipi, ruptum. r. a. 1. To break through, to break down.
2. To break or burst through, i. e. force one's way through (c act
■ or c. per and ace). 3. To break, violate (laws), overcome (danger,
prejudice, etc.) : ne quo atfectu pcrrumperetur, that he might not he soft
ened by any feeling (or appeal to his feelings), Tac
Persa, se. m. [n^o-Tjt.] A Persian.
persspe. adv. Very often.
persalse. adv. Very wittily.
persalsus, a, am. adj. Very witty.
persalutatio, 0011./ A general salutation.
persaluto. as. r. a. To salute a whole body, to salute generally.
rpersancte. adv. Very religiously, very solemnly.
persapiens. entia. adj. Very wise.
persapienter. adv. Very wisely.
perscienter. adv. Very sensibly, very wisely.
perscindo. is, scidi, scissum. r. a. To tear to pieces, to tear asunder.
perscHus, a, um (in tmesi, per ... . scitus). adj. Very clever, very shrewd.
perscrlbo, is, pai, ptum. o. o. 1. To write out, to write at full length.
2. To write down, to record. 3. To write an account of, to relate in
writing, in a book or a letter. 4. To assign by a writing.
peracriptio, onis. / ]. A writing down, a written entry or record.
2. A written assignment
perscriptor, oris. m. One who draws up in writing.
perscrutor, aria, v.dep. To examine, to investigate, to search through.
perseco, as, ui, -sectum. v. a. 1. To cut out, to extirpate. 2. To
dissect (nietaph.), i. e. examine into, to lay bare.
§tpersector, axis. r. dep. To follow up, i. e. investigate closely.
persecutio, onis. f. A prosecution, an action at law.
persecutus. — Stt pcrsequor.
persedeo, es, sedi, sessum. v. n. To sit a long time, to stay long. — So
persido.
persegnis, e. adj. Very slow, very lazily conducted.
Perseius, a, um, and/ Perseis. Idis. adj. Of Persa, the mother of Circe
and grandmother of Hecate : PerscTdes herbs?, magic herbs, Ov.
JPersenesco, is, nui, no sup. «. n. To grow old.
persentio, is, si, sum, and tpersentisco, is. v. a. 1. To perceive plainly.
2. To feel deeply.
§Persephdne, es. [ntpo-e^oVn.] 1. Proserpine. 2. Death.
persequens, entis. part. fr. seq., but also as adj., c. superl. Eager to pursue
(c. gen.)
Persequor, 8ris, -secfltus sum. v. dtp. 1. To follow perseveringly, t»
follow, to pursue, to come after. 2. To go through (a place) in puiiuing.
3. To come up with, to overtake. 4. To pursue (an object), to seek to
obtain, to aim at. 5. To claim, to assert, to seek to establish (a right).
6. To be a follower of (a sect), to follow as a leader, to imitate. 7. To
prosecute (a person or a course), to take vengeance for, to seek to avenge
(a person's death, etc) : sese bello civitatem persecuturum demonstrat, he
declares that he will attack the state, C-es. 8. To follow up. i. e. execute
(an order, etc), to carry out (an undertaking, etc.). 9. To go through
(in speaking or writing, to detail, describe, explain, discuss thoroughly).
perseverans, antis. pari. fr. persevero ; also as adj., c compar. etc Per
severing.
perseveranter. adv. Perseveringly.
perseverantia, a?./ Perseverance, steadfastness.
persevero, as. r. n. and o. 1. (v. ».) To persevere, to persist, to continue
steadfast. 2. To carry out perseveringly, to accomplish. 3. («. a.) To
affirm pertinaciously.
-V, Jperseverus, a, um. adj. Very severe, very strict.
Bersicus, a, um, and Persis, Idis. adj. 1. Persian. 2. Luxurious.
 PER 335
like that of a Persian ; n.pl. as iulisl., the history of Persia, Cic; n. ting.
as svUt.t a peach. Mart,
penido. is, sedi, sessum. v. n. To settle down, to sink into, penetrate to
(e. ad and ace).
persigno. as. c. a. To set a seal on, to seal, to mark,
persimllis, e. adj. Very like,
pe. simplex, leu. adj Very simple.
perslsto. is, stiti, 110 sup. v. n. To continue in, to persist iu (c. in and
=bl.).
persolvo, is vi, solutum. v. a. 1. To par, to render (what is due to
another, as honour, thanks, etc.). 2. To suffer (punishment). 3. To
fulfil, to perform (a promise, a vow, etc.). 4. To solve, to explain.
5. (Once in pass.) To be inflicted (of punishment) : cum sese pecunium a
discipulis suis diceret persoluturum, when he said that he would pay the
money by bills upon his pupils, Cic.
persona, as./ 1. A mask. 2. tA character in a play. 3. The
part or character which a person sustains in the world. 4. A person,
persdnatus, a, urn. wlj. 1. Wearing a mask : personatus pater, an old
man in a play (Demea, in the Addphi of Terence), Hor. 2. A putting
on an assumed character. 3. {Fictitious.
persono. as, ui. I turn. r. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To resound, to sound. 2.
('■.'.'-) To make to resound, to fill with sounds. 3. To cry out loudly.
1. §To play on an instrument (c. abl.).
persptctns, a, urn. part. pass. i'r. perspicio ; also as adj. c. compar., etc
Thoroughly known,
perspergo, is, si, stun. r. a. To besprinkle,
perspicacitas, atis./. Perspicacity, sharp-sightcdness, shrewdness.
perspicax, acis. adj. Sharp-sighted, penetrating, shrewd.
perspicientia, m.f. A full perception or knowledge,
perspicio, Is, spexi, spectum. it. a. 1. To see through, to look through,
to see into. 2. To look at, to inspect, to examine, to read (a letter).
3. To arrive at a thorough knowledge or understanding of, to know tho
roughly, to ascertain completely: ea vos conjecture perspicitis, you can
form a g'less at those things, Cic.
persplone. adv. 1. Plainly, clearly. 2. Evidently, manifestly,
persplcuus, a, am. adj. 1. Clear, transparent. 2. Evident, manifest
persterno, is, stravi, stratum, v. a. To lay down, to pave.
^perstlmilo, as. v. a. To excite, to stimulate greatly,
persto. as, stiti, statum. r. «. 1. To continue standing, to stand still.
-'. To remain steady, unmoved, unchanged, to last, to endure. 3. To bet
' stedfast, to persevere, to persist, to continue,
tperstrenne. adv. Very vigorously.
h*perstrepo, is, ui, Itum. r. n. To make a great noise,
perstringo. is, inzi, ictum. v. a. 1. To bind : horror ingens spectantes
perstringit, a mighty dread keeps the spectators immovable, Lit. 2.
§To graze. 3. To reprove slightly, to blame, to rebuke, to censure.
4. To touch ligh:ly upon, i. e. mention slightly, cursorily. 5. To blunt,
(lit and metaph. of any sense): minaci murmure cornuum perstriugis
anres. yon deafen my ears with the threatening roar of trumpets, Hor.
perstudiose. adv. Very eagerly, very attentively.
perstudiosus, a, am. adj. Very fond (c. gen.).
perjuadeo, es, si, sum. v. o. 1. To prove, to persuade or convince (a per
son of a thing, c. ace. rei, dat pers.). 2. To persuade (a person to do a
thing, c. dat pers., ut and subj., or subj., or more rarely c. inlin.) : quorum
si utrumvis persuasissem, and if I had been able to persuade him to adopt
either of these measures, Cic. ; pass, impers., his persuaderi ut niora-
rentur non poterat, they could not be persuaded to remain, Cres.— &e
persuasus.
persnasio. bnit./. Persuasion, conviction.
persuasus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. persii.ideo ; also as adj. c. compar., etc.
C C
386 -TPER
1. Taken <f proved, believed for certain : quod mihi persuasiismnrm
est, i> matter of which I feel most perfectly assured, Cic 2. Persuaded,
convinced.
persuasus. us. m. Persuasion.
persnb tilis, e. 1 . Very subtle, of very fine texture. 2. Very inge
nious.
persalto, ai. v. n. 1. To leap or dance about, to move lightly about, in,
or nver. 2. To range over (for the purpose of ravaging) (c. abt or c
accA
pertaedet. pertsesum est r. impers. To be weary of (e. gen.).
tperteeanj, a, tun. pari. ft. prec Weary of (c. gen.- or c, ace).
pertendo, is. di, ram. v. a. and n. 1. (c. a.) To carry out (a business),
to accomplish. 2. (r. ».) To proceed, to march on. 2. To persist,
to persevere.
pertento, as. v. a. 1. To prove, to try, to test 2. To consider tho
roughly, to ponder on in all its parts. 3. §To penetrate wholly (u
feelings penetrate the heart), to pervade, to affect deeply.
pertenuis. e. adj. Very slignt
perterebro, as. t>. o. To bore through.
pertergeo, es, si, stun. r. a, 1. To wipe, to wipe dean. 2. +To touch
gently
perterrefacio, Ii, feci, factum, e. a. To frighten thoronghly.
perterreo, es. ui, itum. ». a. To frighten thoroughly : perterritus a tus
aedibus. driven by fear from your hou-.e, Cic.
1 Sperterricrepus. a. um. adj. Rattling terribly.
pertexo. is, ui, xtum. t>. a. To weave to an end, finish, perform completely.
pertlca, ee. / I . A long pole. 2. A rod for measnring land.
pertimesco, is, mux, no sup. v. a. To fear greatly, to fear.
pertlnacia, 8B. /. 1. Perseverance, constancy. 2. Pertinacity, obsti
nacy.
pertlnaclter. adv. Tenaciously, perseveringly, obstinately.
pertlnax. acis. adj. 1. gliolding fast 2. Firm, resolute, unyieldin".
3. Pertinacious, obstinate.
pertineo, es, ui, no sup. o. n. 1. To reach, to extend (c. ad or in, or
per and ace). 2. To belong to, relate to, attach to, to concern, to
affect (c. ad and ace.) : si quid hoc ad rem pertiuet, if this has anything; to
do with the matter, Cic; nihil nd Sulpiciorum familiam pertinnit, he was
not nt all related to the family of the Sulpicii, Tac; summa illuc pertmet,
ut scintU, the object of the whole of this explanation is that yon mar
know, Cic. ; ad quern suspicio maleficii pertinent, whom suspicion of the
cr me may affect, Cic.
pertingo, is, tlgi. r. a. To extend, to reach.
t§pertolero, as. v. a. To bear, to endure.
+§pertorqueo. es, si, turn. v. a. Tn twist to distort
pertr.nctatio.onis/. A handling, meddling with, occupying oneself about
pertracto. as. v. a. 1. To touch, to handle, to feel. " 2. To handle, Le.
discuss, treat of, speak of, investigate, study.
pertraho, is, xi, etum. r. a. To drag, to draw, to draw on, to entice.
pertristis, e adj. 1. Very sad. 2. Very morose.
pertumultuoBe. adv. In a very tumultuous manner.
pertundo. is. tiidi, tusum. r. a. To beat or ihrust through : pertnw een-
piln, beaten paths, Pern. ; pertusiim congesta quasi in van, like thinp
poured into a vessel with a hole in the bottom (which is a waste of labojr .
Lucr.
perturbate. aJr. In a confused or disorderly manner.
perturbatio. onis./ I. A confusion, disorder : pertnrbatio cceli. unsettled
wcntlier, Cic. 2. Mental agitation. 3. An emotion, a passion.
perturbatrix. Ids./ One who disturbs, who throws into disorder.
perturbatus, a, um. pari. it. seq., also as adj. c. compar., etc. Agitated.
 PES 387
pertnrbo, as. r. a. 1 . To disturb, to throw iuto confusion or disorder.
2. To discompose, disquiet, agitate, confound,
perturpis. e. udj. Very shameful.
perungo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. To anoint all over, to anoint.
perurbanus, a, am. adj. 1. Very refined, very witty. 2. Over polite.
peruro. is, ussi, ustam. v. a. 1. To burn, to scorch, to singe. 2. To
ravage with tire. 3. To nip with cold, to frostbite. 4. To gall.
o. To inflame (with a desire of anything, rare).
perutilis. e. adj. Very useful
pervado, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To go, pass, or spread over or through, to
pervade, to penetrate. 2. (c. ad or in and ace.) To go to, to arrive at,
to reach. 3. To surmount, to overcome (difficulties), (rare).
pervagatus, a, tun. part. per/, of seq. ; also as adj. c. compar. etc Wide
spread, generally known or believed, general.
pervagor, aria. v. dtp. 1. To roam about, wander over, rove over. 2.
To spread through or among (as a report, an opinion, etc.), to pervade, to
penetrate. 3. To be widely spread (as an opinion, etc).
pervagus, a, um. adj. Wandering, roaming.
t§pervaleo, es, ui. v. it. To be very strong.
pervarie. ado. Very variously.
pervasto, as. r. a. To ravage extensively, to lay waste.
perveho, is, xi, ctum. r. a. 1. To carry all the way. 2. (In pass.)
To be conveyed over, i. e. to traverse, to cross. 3. (In pass. c. ad and
ace, or c. ace. of the name of a town) To arrive at, to reach, to go to.
pervello, is, velli, vulsum. v. a, 1. To pull. 2. To twitch, to pinch
(as pain, misfortune, etc.). 3. To pull to pieces; (metaph.) i. e. to
disparage.
pervenio. is, veni, ventum. o. n. (c. in or ad and ace, or c. ace. of the name
of a town). 1. To come to, come into, arrive at, reach, attain to: ad
summam desperationem nostri perveniunt, our men fail into the utmost de
spair, Can,; in senatum per venire, to arrive at the dignity of a senator,
tic. ; si in tua scripta pervenero, if I can find a place in your writings,
Cic
perversio, onis./ A perverting, wresting, distorting.
perverse, adv. In a perverse manner, wrongly, improperly.
perversitas, atis. / Perversity, perverseness.
perversus, a, am. part. pass. Si. seq. ; used also as adj., c compar., etc
Perverse, wrong, evil. 2. Unfavourable, unfriendly : Deum perverso
inmine, the favour of the Gods being alienated from them, Virg. j perversis
rupibus, over rugged crags, Li v.; erat perversissimis oculis, he squinted
exceedingly, Cic.
perverto, is, ti, sum. v. a, 1. To overturn, to upset, to throw down.
'-'. To subvert, to destroy, to put an end to, to put down.
pervesperi. adv. Very late in the evening.
pervestigatio, onis. f. A thorough investigation.
pervestigo, as. v. a. 1. To search out, to trace out. 2. To examine,
to investigate.
pervetus eris, and pervetustus, a, am. adj. Very old, very ancient
pervicacia, 83. / 1. Stubbornness, obstinacy. 2. Firmness, reso
lution.
pervlcaciter. adv. Obstinately, resolutely.
pervlcax, acis. adj. 1. Stubborn, obstinate, headstrong. 2. Stodfast,
resolute.
pervideo, es, vidi, visum. t>. a. 1. To look at, to look upon, to see. 2.
To perctive, to be aware of. 3. To consider, to examine.
-Xpervigeo, es, ui, no sup. v. n. To n»urifh to the last.
perv.gil. His. adj. Watchful, wakeful, wakeful nil night
pervigllatio, onis,/, A watching all nig lit, on the eve of a holiday.
pervigilium, i. a. The vigil of a holiday.
pervlgilo, as. v. a. To watch all ni?ht,toba awake all night: in inulto
C 0 9
388 PER — PES
nor. est pervigilata mero, the night was passed in sitting up and deep drink
ing, Ot.
pervili», e. adj. Very cheap.
pervinco, is, vlei, victum. v. a. 1. To conquer completely, to pin a
complete victory, 2. To outdo, to surpass. 3. To carry one's point,
maintain one's opinion. 4. To prevail upon : illam non verbera ....
pervicere quin objects denegaret, stripes could not subdue her constancy
so as to prevent her from denying what was imputed to her, Tac; pervi-
ccrunt remia ut tenerent terrain, by means of their oars they succeeded in
reaching land, Lir.
pervius, a, am. adj. 1. That has a passage through, passable, penetrable,
pervious. 2. Accessible : pervius usus tectorum inter se, a thoroughfare
between the houses, or different parts of the palace, Vinj. ; hostcs saltoi
pervios ceperant, the enemy had occupied all the denies which afforded any
road, Liv. ; unde maxime pervius amnis, on which side the river was most
fordalile, Tac. ; n. as suhst., a passage, a road, a thorough fare, Tac.
SpervoUto, as. v. a. To fly through, to penetrate.
pcrvSlo, as. v. a. 1. To fly throngh, to fly about, to fly. 2. To pass
rapidly through, to travel over.
pervolo, vis, volui, no sup. v. n. (Zrd ting., pervolit, Lucr.). To desire
greatly.
pcrvoluto, as. r. a. To turn over, to read.
pervolvo, is, vi, volutum. v. a. 1. To roll over. 2. To turn over, to
read. 3. (In pass.) To be engaged, occupied.
pervulgatus, a, Tim. pass. part. fr. srq. ; used also as adj. c compar., etc
Very usual, very common, generally known.
pervulgo, as. v. a. 1. To publish, to make generally known, to spread
abroad, to render common. 2. t§To frequent, to visit often.
pes, pedis. m. 1. A foot (of ever}' kind, in every sense, of an animal, of
a table, of a verse, a measure of length, etc.). 2. A rope attached to a
sail in order to set it to the wind : una omnes fecere pedem, they all hauled
their wind at the same time, Virg.; pede labitur tequo, she goes on aith a
fair wind, Ov.; pedibus merere, to serve as a foot soldier, Liv.; ad pedes
descenders, to dismount (of cavalry), Liv.; ad pedes pugna ierat, it had
become a fight on foot, Liv.; ut gladiis prop» collate p.de gereretur res, so
that the battle was fought with swords almost foot to foot, Liv.; cum iilad
iter Hiepaniense pedibus fere contiei soleat, when the journey into Spain
is generally performed by land, Cic; pedibus ire in sententiam. to divide
or vote in the senate in favour of such and such an opinion, Liv.; ferte
pedem Fauni, come hither ye Fauns, Virg.; pedem porta non extulit, be
never set foot outside the gate, Cic; cum profugum po<sis ipse refetre
pedem, when you yourself who have deserted me might return, Ov.jrevocat
pedem, he draws back, Virg.; omnia sub pedibus verti. . .videbunt, they will
■ee everything in his power, Virg.; votisque malignum opponit nostris....
pedem, and she opposes a spiteful resistance to our prayers. Or. ; extramnn
seu trahat ille pedem, or whether it drags on its last foot lamely, limps
with its last foot (of a season iambic verse), Ov. ; per me ista pedibos
trahantur, for all I care those things may go to the dogs, Cic; felici pede,
pede secundo, pedefausto, with propitious omen, Ov., Virg., Hor. ; transiliro
ante pedes posita, to pass over things which are under one's eyes, Cic;
crrpante lympha desilit pede, the water leaps down with babbling coarse,
Hor.; inetiri se quenique suo modulo ac pede verum est, it is fitting that
every one should measure himself by his own standard and measure, Hor.
pessime, pessimns. — Set mains.
tpessiUum, i. «. A bolt.
possum, adv. Down to the ground, to the bottom. pessnm ire. To he
ruined, undone, Tac; pessum dare, to destroy, to ruin, to undo; as one
word : animus ad inertiam pessumdatus est, the mind has been sunk in
indolence, Sail.; multat per mare pessum subsedere urbes, many cities have
been swallowed up in the sea, Lucr.
 PES— PHA 389
pertJfiSre. adv. Balefully, mischievously.
ptstifer, era, erum. adj. Bringing pestilence, unwholesome, mischievous,
noxious, destructive, ruinous.
patilens, entis. adj. 1. Bringing pestilence, pestilential, unwholesome,
unhealthy. 2. Mischievous, noxious, pernicious.
festiieatia, as. f. 1. Pestilence ; (metaph.) a pest, a plague. 2. An
uu wholesome air, unhealthy situation.
hSpeittTItas, atis. /. Pestilence.
i*»tis, is. /. 1. A contagious disease, a pestilence, a plague. 2. (Me
taph.) A pest, a plague, an odious thing. 3. (Metaph.) An evil, a dis
aster, a curse, a bane), (esp. of a wicked person). 4. Destruction, ruin ;
putis tez'.iiis, a poisoned robe, Cic
pttasatus, a, run, adj. Wearing a travelling cap (i. e. ready for a
jonmey).
rpttaio, onis. in., and Jpetasunculua, i. m. A leg of pork, or bacon.
-petaurum, i. n. A machine to raise tumblers and dancers on the stage.
petesso, is, no per/, v. a. To desire earnestly, to seek for energetically.
petitio, onis. f. 1. An attack, a blow aimed. 2. An attack in words.
5. A striving for an office, a being a candidate. 4. A claim, a right to
claim, or to bring an action in support of a claim.
petitor, oris. m. 1. A candidate. 2. A claimant, the plaintiff in a
suit.
petitorio, Is. r. n. To wish to become a candidate.
1 ' petitus, us. m. A seeking.
ft to , is. ivi, i turn. v. a. 1 . To direct one's course towards, to go towards,
to seek. 2. To aim nt, to thrust at, to shoot at, to throw at (c. ail. of
the weapon, etc.). 3. To attack, to assail. 4. To demand, to require.
5. To ask, to entreat, to beserch, to solicit (c. ace, more usu. c. ab and abl.
pert.). 6. To claim formally, to bring nn action to recover. 7. To
seek to obtain, to strive for. 8. To go to fetch, to fetch, to draw
forth, to produce, to bring forward: petere nlium cursum, to take another
route, Cic.
petorrltum, in. A fourwheeled open carriage of Gallic origin.
petulans, tis. adj. 1. Forward, saucy, impudent, wanton. 2. Las
civious.
petulanter. adr. Petulantly, saucily, impudently.
petulantia, s.f. 1. Petulance, impudence. 2. Wantonness, licen
tiousness.
petulcus. a, um. adj. Apt to butt with the horns, frisky.
*pexatus, a, tun. adj. Clad in a cloak with the nap on it, i. e. new.
pexus, a, tun. pats. part. fr. pecto, q. v. Combed : peza tunica, a tunic with
the nap on it, i. e. new, Hor.
Phteaeins, a, um. adj. Oi Phajacia, i. e, Corcyra: pinguis ut indc domum
possim Phaeaxque reverti. that I may be able to return home from thence
plump and in good case like a Phaeacian (referring to the luxury of Al-
cinous in the Odyssey). Hor.
Phaetontiades, am. pi./. The sisters of Phaeton, turned into poplars.
phalnnga, arum, pi./. Wooden rollers for the purpose of moving ships
and military engines.
phalangitae, arum. p!. m. Soldiers belonging to the phalanx.
phalanx, git./. (<pa\ay(). A phalanx, a band of soldiers, an army, a solid
column of troops.
ph&lera, arum. pi./. 1. An ornament for the breast, worn as a mili
tary decoration. 2. Trappings for the head and breast of horses.
phaleratus. a, um. adj. Adomed with phalera : phalemta dicta, fine
speeches, Ter.
phiretra, as,/ A quiver.
phiritratus, a, um. adj. Carrying a quiver, as an archer: pharetratus puer,
Cupid, Or. ; pharetrata virgo, Diana, Ov.
Pnarius, a, um. adj. 1. Of Pharos, an island near Alexandria, on which
CC 3
390 PHA-PHT
Ptolemy Philadelphia* built a famous lighthouse. 2. Kgyptjen. Pharia
juvenca. Io, Ov. ; Pharia turbo, the prieau of Tsia, Tib. ; Paarius pocii,
the crocodile. Or.
pharmacopola, as. m. [faptuumikip.] A medicine render, a quack doctor.
phaselas, i. m.f. 1. A kidney bran. 2. A amall veasel stated like
a bean, a galley made of wiclterwork, and sometimes of baked and painted
day.
Phasiacus, a, am, and / Phasias, adis, and Phaais, idii. adj. Of the
Phaiif, the chief river in Colchis, Colcluan : Phasia, the Phastan woman,
i. e. Medea, Or.
t *Phasma, atis. n. The name of a play of Menander, and of a poem by a
farce-writer named Catullus.
Pheraeus, a, um. adj. Of Pherse, a city in Theasaly, of which Admetus was
king.
Phereti&des, 89. m. Admetus, son of Pheres.
tphiila. «e./ [<pid\ri.] A shalkiw drinking reael, a saucer.
Phllitia, Oram, pi. n. \<t>i\hta.} The public meals of the Lacedaemonian*,
phlldlogia, 88./ [<pi\ta> Aoyet.] Love of learning and literature,
philologus, i. in. A lover of learning and literature, a learned man.
Philomela. 88. / 1. The daughter of Pandion, and sister of Preeae.
2. The nightingale.
phII6s5pbia, m.f. Philosophy.
pb.n6s6pb.or, aris. r. dep. To study philosophy, to philosophic.',
philosophus, i. m. [<pi\6irotpos.] A philosopher.
>philtrum. i. n. \oi\rpoy.] A love potion, a philtre.
phllyra, as./ The linden tree.
Phllyreius. a, um. Of Philrra, a dnughter of Oeeanus and mother of Chiron,
who is called by Ovid Philyreius hero* and Phillyride*.
phimus, i. in. A dicebox.
Phlegethontts, ldis adj./. Of Phlegethon, a fiery river in 1 It'll,
phoca. 88./ [ifxiitri.] A seal.
Phocaeus, a. run, and Fhocalcus. a, um. adj. Of Phocaea, a town in Asia
Minor, the inhabitants of which fled to escape the tyranny of the Persian
satrap, and founded Massilia, now Marseilles.
^Phoebe, as./ [<poi€r].) The moon.
Phccbeus, a, um, and Phoebeius. a, um. adj. 1. Of Phcebus, of Apulia.
2. Of the sun. 3. Of .£sculapius, son of Phoebus: Phrebea virgo,
Daphne, Ov.
§PnoebIgena, ac. m. The son of Phoebus .Esculapius.
JPhoBnlcopterus, i m. The flamingo.
phoenix, icis. m. The bird phoenix.
Jphrenesis, is./ [<pf>«'njo'tf.j Frenry, insanity,
phreneticus, a, um. adj. In a frenzy, frantic, mad.
Pbxixeus, a, um. adj. Of Phrixtis, brother of ilelte, with whom he fled to
Colchis on the ram with a gnldi'n fleece : Phrixea vellera, the golden fieea,
Ov.; Phrixea: stagna sororis, the Hellespont, Ov.
Phrygius, a, um. adj. Phrygia i : Phr. vates, Helenas, Ov.j Phr. past*.
Puris, Ov.; Phr. tvrannus, .Eneas, Virg.; Laomedon, Ov.; Phrvgia; as
ter, the Goddess Cybele, Ov. ; Phrygii leones, lions sacred to Cybele, M
drawing her chariot, Virg.; Phrygiss veatea, embroidered sarments. Virg.
Phthlus, a, um. adj. Of Phthia, a city in Thessary, waste Achilles »
born.
Phylacides, 89. m. Protesilntis, hom at Phylace in Thessary.
phylarchus, i. m. [«y>XapY»s] The chief of'n tribe,
phyalca, as, and physice. ss. f. fe>uo-wh.] Natural science.
physlce. adv. Like a natuial philosopher, physically,
physlcus, a, um. adj. Of or belonging to, or versed in natural science; si
as .>'('«/., a natural philosopher, a naturalist,
physiognomon. Snis. m. I itiviris ytyrtSirm.] A physiognomist,
physiologia, m.f. Natural philosophy, physiology.
 PIA—PIL 391
SpiabTHs, e. mdj. That may be expiated or atoned for : piabile fulraen est,
the evil threatened by the thunderbolt mar be averted, Ov.
piacularis, e. adj. Expiatory; n. pi. as sulttt , a sacrifice of atonement
piicaltim, i. n. 1. An atoning sacrifice, a sin offering, n victim. 2.
§A remedy. 3. A punishment. 4. An offence requiring atonement,
piamen, inis. n. An atonement,
pica, ss. f. A magpie,
picaria, te.y'. A place where pitch is made.
picea. 98. f. The pitchpine, the spruce fir.
t:plceatns, a, tun. adj. (Of hands) To which things stick arto pitch, thievish.
picens. a, tun. adj. Black as pitch, pitchy, pitch dark.
Cpicatus, a, urn. purl. fr. pico. With a taste of pitch.
pictor. oris. m. A painter.
pietara, se.f. A painting, a picture.
pieturatus. a, run. adj. Embroidered.
pictus, a, tun. part. past. fr. ptngo, q. v. ; also as adj. c. compar. etc. Ornate,
ornamented.
plena, i. m. A woodpecker.
pie. adv. Piously, devontly, religiously.
Pierias, a. tun. adj. Sacred to the Pieridea or Muses, so called from Mount
Pierus in Tbaataly.
pittas, atis./. 1. Piety towards the Gods. 2. Dutiful conduct, af
fection towards parents or relations. 3. Duty to one's country, loyalty,
patriotism : ai qua est ccelo pietas. if there is any sense of justice in heaven,
Virg. ; solennia pietatis, the last offices of affection, Tac.
plger. gTa, gram. adj. 1. Slow, backward, reluctant to encounter labonr,
semisa, sluggish, backward, lazy, inactive ; moving or passing slowly.
2. Making sluggish (of sleep). 3. Unfruitful.
piget. per/, piguit and pigitum est. v. impers. To vex, to displease, to-
trouble, to grieve: dum me civitntis morum piget, while I am disgusted
with the morals of the state, Sail.: (gerundive as if from an active verb):
poscis ab mvita verba pigenda lyra, you try to extract words to be re
pented of from an unwilling lyre, Prop.
pigmentam, i. n. 1. Paint, pigment. 2. Ornament, colouring (in a
speech, etc. ).
pignerator, oris, m. One who takes n pledge, a mortgagee.
pignero, as. v. a. To pledge, to deposit as a pledge, to pawn : bona pig-
neranda poena; prsebebant, they (having escaped) left their property to be
confiscated in lieu of the punishment to which they were condemned, Liv. ;
quum . . . velut obsidibusdatispigneratos haberent animos, as they [having
their relations in the power of the enemy] had their inclinations pledged as
it were, having given hostages for their good will, Liv.
rogneroT, aril. v. dtp. To take as a pledge, to appropriate : quod das mihi
"pigneror omen, I accept the omen which you give me, Ov.
pignns, oris. n. ]. A pledge, anything given in pawn, a security. E.
A wager, a bet, a stake. 3. A pledge; (motaph.) i.e. a token (thata thing
is true). n proof, an assurance : pignora conjugum ac liberorum, the security
irTorded by their having wives and children, Liv.; per natos pignora nostra
duos, by our two sons, dear pledges of our love, Ov.; in vultu pignora
mentis habet, she shows in her face indications of her feelings. Ov.
plgrltia, se. and -ties, ei. /. Slowness, sluggishness, backwardness, reluc
tance to encounter labour, laziness.
+p"igro, as. r. a. and pigror, aria. v. dep. To be slow, lazy, reluctant to
do a thing.
pDa. sb./. 1. A mortar in which to pound things. 2. A pillnr. 3.
A pier, a mole ; nulla tabema mens habeat neque pila libellos, no book
seller's shop or stall shall have my books (because the booksellers' stalls
were ronnd the pillars of the public buildings), Hor.
pfla, SB./. A bajl (for any purpose, to play with, a ballot ball, etc.) : ma-,
nibos dura frigus habere pila, to have coolness in the hands from a hard
cc 1
392 PIL—PIN
ball (because the Roman ladies used to hold an amber ball in their bands
to keep them cool), Prop.; inn pila est, the ball it in my hand i at we say
to hare the ball at one's toot, i. e. to be able to do a* one like* in a maun,
to be tore of success), Plaut.; pila Nursica, a turnip, Mart.
pilanus, a, tun. A soldier of the third rank, armed with the pilum. called
also triarius.
Spilatos, a, am. adj. Armed with n heavy javelin.
pileatus, a, am. atlj. Wearing a pileus or felt cap : Placentinorara eelo-
normn turba pileatnriini, a crowd of the wttlert at Placentia wearing the
pileus (as if they were the general's freedmen). Liv.—See pileus.
pilentum. i. ». An easy carriage for ladies, and for the vessels used in
sacred rites.
pileus, i, and am, i, and dim. pileolus, i. m. A felt cap (worn by the
Romans at feasts, and given to slaves on their manumission) : servi ad pi-
leum vocati, the slaves were emancipated, Liv, ; secutut Scipionem trinm-
phantem est pileo capiti imposito Q. Terentius Culleo, Q. Terentins Culleo
followed Scipio in his triumph with a pileus on his head (to indicate that
he owed his deliverance to hiin), Liv.
*pilo, as. r. a. To deprive of hair, to pull out hair from, to make bald.
pllosus, a, am. adj. Hairy, shaggy.
pilum, i. a. Tile heavy javelin of the Roman infantry : muralia pila, jave
lins to be shot by engines from the walls of a besieged town or camp, Cos.;
T. Ciecilius primi pili centurio, T. Ciecilius a centurion of the first company,
Cass.; prinium pilum duxerat, he had been centurion of the first company,
Cass.
pflus, L m. 1. A pair. 2. (With words of valuing, regarding, etc,
and a negative) A bit, a pin ; banc .... nee pili facit uni, he does not
care a pin about her, Cat.
Pimpleus, a, am, and PimpleU, idis. /. adj. Of Piinpla, a fountain in
Pierin, sacred to the Muses, uf the Muses ; f. as subst., a Aluse.
pine turn, i. it. A pine grove.
pineus, a, urn. adj. Of the pine-tree, fir-wood : cui pineus ardor acervo pat-
citur, for whom a fire of pine-wood is maintained in a heaped-up mass,
Virg.; pinea texta, ships, Ov.; pinea laxat claustra Sinon, Sinon loosens
the wooden bars (that keep the Greeks in the Trojan horse), Virg.
pingo. is, inxi. inctum. v. a. 1. To paint, to portray. 2. To em
broider. .'!. To colour, to main. 4. To decorate, to embellish (a
speech, a topic, etc.).
pinguesco, is, no perf. c. n. 1. To grow fat, to be fat. 2. To become
rich, fertile.
pinguis, e. adj. 1. Fat. 2. Rich, fertile, productive (of toil, of fruit
trees, of beehives, full of honey, etc.). 3. ^Fertilising (of manure, etc.).
4. Rich, oily, juicy : pingues arae, altars rich with the blood of victims,
Virg.; pingues mensse. tables loaded with a banquet, Cat, 5. Dense,
thick, heavy (etp. of the atmosphere, etc, of a cloak, Juv. ). 6. Heavy,
dull (of the intellect). 7. Luxurious, comfortable, making one fat
8. ^Bedaubed: pinguis virga, a limed twig, Mart; pinguis vitiis, a man
bloated (or perhaps with all his faculties bloated) by debauchery, Hor.
§pinifer, era, erum, adj. Producing pine-trees.
§pinlger, era, erum. adj. Producing pine-trees.
pinna, a./. 1. A battlement, a pinnacle. 2. A small ihell-fisb, a kin*
of muscle. —See penna.
pinnatus, a, um. adj. Feathered, winged.
gpinuiger, era, erum. adj. 1. Feathered. 2. Having fins, finny.
*t*pinnirapus, Ln. A gladiator whose antagonist was a Samiute with a
feather in his hat, which was to be his trophy if victorious.
pinnSteret, as. m. [rnpsu.J The pinnaguard, a kind of crab found in the
shell of the pinna.
tjpinso or piso, is, ui, pistum. t>. o. 1. To beat, to pound, to grind.
2. +'l'o peck at
 PIN—PLA 393
pinus, &a.f. 1. A pine-tree. 2 §Anything made of pinewood or fir,
a torch, and (esp.) a ship, a garland of pine leaves, etc.
Spio, as. r. a. (once in Plin.). 1. To propitiate. 2. To honour with
sacrifice (altars, etc.) : in magicis sacra piare focis, to perform sacred rites
on altars devoted to magic, Prop. 3. To atone for, to expiate. 4. To
avert (an evil threatened by a bad omen) : culpam hanc miseromm morto
piabunt, and they will exact atonement for this olfence of mine in the death
of my wretched family, Virg.
piper, eris. n. Pepper.
Splpilo, as. v. a. To chirp.
PLnsus. i. m., and Flraeum, L n. [Tlsipaitiif.] The Pirasus, the chief port
at Athens : Pinca litora, the shore of Attica, Ov.
pfrita, 35. in. [ire.-parqi.] A pirate, a corsair.
piratiens, a, urn. adj. Piratical; /. as suost., piracy.
Pirenis, Idis. adj./. Of Pirene, a fountain at Corinth, Corinthian.
plrum. in. A pear.
pirns, i f. A pear-tree.
PUaeas, a, am, adj. I. Of Pisa, a city in Elis, where the Olympic games
were celebrated. 2. Of or belonging to, won at the Olympic games:
Pisaea (as subst.), Hippodamia; Pissea hasta, the spear of (Enomaus her
&ther, king of Elis; Pissea Arethusa, Arethusa (a fountain in Sicily), rising
m Elis, Ov.
■f-piscarius, a, did. adj. Of fish.
piscator, oris. m. A fisherman.
piscatorius, a, ram. adj. Or, for, or belonging to fishermen or fishing.
piscitus, us. hi. 1. A catching of fish. 2. Fi>h, fishes.
piscina. 83./'. 1. A fiahpoud. 2. A bath, a basin or pool to bathe in.
piscis, is. m. and dim. pisciculus, i. m. A fish.
piscor. axis. v. dtp. To fish.
piscoaos, a, nm. adj. Full of fish, frequented by fish.
Jplsinnns, a, nm. adj. Little; m. pi. as subst., little children.
tpistillum, i. n. A pestle.
pistor, oris. in. 1. A miller. 2. A baker.
tpistrilla, e. /. and Jpistrina, a?. 1. A small mill. 2. A baker's
•hop.
pistrirrom, i. n. A mill for grinding com, usually worked by horses, hut
also by lazy slaves as a punishment: tibi mccum in eodem est pistrino
TiTendum, you and I must live in the same mill, i. e. must labour at the
same monotonous drudgery, Cic
pistris, is./ (also written pristis, or pistrix). 1. A sea monster, a whale.
2. A kind of light galley.
pituita, as / Phlegm.
pUuItdsns, a, urn. Full of phlegm, phlegmatic.
pins. a. am. adj. 1. Pious towards the G.ids, religious. 2. Dutiful,
affectionate. 3. Loyal, honest, just, virtuous : aedes pinrum, the abodes
of virtuous souls in the shades below, Hor.; pia testa, my bottle producing
desirable effects, Hor.
pix. picis./ Pitch, resin.
placabiiis, e. adj. Easily appeased, placable. 2. -("Calculated to pro
pitiate'.
placabl'iitas atis./ Readiness to be appeased, placability.
pl&camen, Inis. n. and ' placamentum, i. n. A propitiatory offering, some
thing calculated to appease.
placate, adv. Calmly, quietly.
placatio, onis. /. An appeasing, a calming.
placattu, a, nm. part. pass. it. placo (also as adj. c. compar., etc.). 1.
Quirt, tranquil, calm, gentle. 2. Placable.
placena. entis. part. fr. plac-o ; §as adj. Dear, beloved.
placenta, as /. A cheesecake.
placeo, es, ui, and placitus sum, Hum, pari, placitns in act. sense, v. a.
 394 ' fLA .
To please, to delight, to ornro. to gratify, to be pleating : nanqoua fliSS
minus placui, I was never lets satisfied with myself, Cic. 3rd si*<i. placet
as impert. 1. To teem good to, to be the opinion of: ut «nctori hujos
disciplines, placet, at is the opinion of the founder of this Met, Cic; tic jot-
titia; placitmnque Parcis, so it hat teemed good to justice and the Fates,
Hor. 2. In legal or parliamentary language, to determine, to resolve,
to decide, to vote: cenaeo . . . senatni psnecre C Caatium Syriam obtroere,
I pmpose that the tenate hereby determines that C. Caashtt it to
keep the province of Syria, Cic.
placide. orfr. Gently, quietly, in a leiturely manner.
placidus, a, am. adj. Gentle, quiet, calm, placid, tranquil, gfriendly.
pl&rltus. a, ID. part. fr. plaeeo, q. T.;aa adj. Pleating, acceptable: oltrs
placitum, beyond what it ag eeaMe, L e. ditagrreably, Vinj.
place as. r. ii. 1. To appease, to pacify, to propitiate. 2. To recoo-
c.le, to render friendly : homo aibi ipsi placatut, a nam at peace with
himself, Cic
pl&ga, ft.f. [»A7ry^.] 1. A blow, a stroke, a stripe, a wound. i
(Mct-iph.) A blow, i. e. an injury (to a scheme, etc) : tic nee oratio pkejaai
gravrm fecit, that a speech also does not make a great impression, Cic.
pl&ga, m.f. ["*nj.l 1. A region, a district, a country. 2. |A tone
(into five of which the ancients divided the world). 3. A bunting net, a
snare, a toil; (metaph.) any snare, trip, or entanglement.
plagiarius, i. m. 1. A kidnapper, a stealer of men. 2. XK plagiary.
tplaglger. era, erum, and tplagigerulos, a, tun. adj. Bearing stripes.
Jplagosus. a, tun. adj. Fond of Hogging.
plagula, S. f. A curtain.
Jplanetus. us. m. A beating of the breast, lamentation, wailing.
plane. arfr. 1. Plainly, clearly, distinctly, expressly. 2. Utterly, al
together, entirely, in every respect. 3. +(ln answers) Certainly, un
doubtedly.
plango. is.xi, ctum. r. o. 1. §To beat, to buffet. 2. To beat the
breast, to lament, to bewail : plangontur roatres, the matrons beat their
breasts, Ov.
plangor, oris. in. 1 . Beating. 2. (Btp.) A beating of tbe breast in ■>
mentation. 3. §The rippling of, or the rippling noise made by the
waves.
^planlpes, edis. «i. A dancer who danced in a flat-toled slipper.
^planitas, atis./. Distinctness, perspicuity.
planlties, ei, and -tia. 89 f. Level ground, a plain.
planta, m.f. A young thoot, a tucker, a coning (from a plant). 3.
t A plant 3. The tole of the foot, a foot
§plant&ria, tun. pi. n. Young cuttings, young plants.
pianos, a, um adj. 1. Even, level, fiat 2. Plain, -clear, intelligible,
distinct ; n. ns sultst., level ground, a plain : hoc tibi de piano possum nrs-
mittere, this I can easily promise yon ; e piano (opp. to e quatsitoris trihu*
nali), extrajudicially. Suet
planus, i. m [irAdVor.] A vagrant an impostor.
^plasmas, atis, n. [7r\do-^a.] A lotion, a gargle.
platalea, m.f. A spoonbill.
tplatanon, onis. m. A grove of plane-trees.
platanus, i. f. [vAorracor.] A planetree : platanut coelebt, the planetm
with no tree trained against it, not fit to train vines against. Her
pl&tea, m.f. [ttXartia.} A broad street, a street
plaudo, is, si. sum. r. a. and n. 1. (r. a.) To clap, strike, bent. 1
To clap the hands, to applaud : hnic ita plausum est, he was so applauded,
Cic. 3. §(«. n.) To flap (of a bird ; alis, with its wings): pan proms)
plaudunt choreas, part beat time (or beat the ground) in the daunt wtti
their feet, Virg,
plauslbllis. 8. adj. Deserving of applause, praiseworthy.
plausor, oris. m. An applauder, oue who daps hit I
 PLi-PLTJ 39$
pliustram, L n. 1. A wagon. 2. The constellation Una Major or
Charles's Wain.
plausus, fts. m. The noise arising from the striking together of wings,
hands, etc., napping, (cap ) clapning of the hands, applanse.
pleoecola, as. /., dim. of plebs. The common people, the populace, the mob.
plebeioa, a, um. atlj. 1. Of or belonging to the common people, plebeian.
2. Low, Tulgnr.
plebicola. ee. m. A cultivator of the favour of the common people, a de
magogue.
plebijcitum, i. *. A decree or vote of the people (opp. to senatus con-
sultiim).
plebs and plebes, is. f. The commrai people, the commonalty, the plebeians,
the populace, the multitude, the mob : plebs eris, ynu will be one of the
plehs, a plebeian ; P.ebs superum, the inferior Deities, Ov,
fplaeto, is. zi, ZUBL r. a. 1. To plait, to braid, to wears. 2. To twist.
plector, eris, no perf. To he punished, to suffer (usu. sine c, but sometimes
c. abl. of the error for which, or c. in and abl-).
plectrum, i. as. [wXticTpov.] 1. A quill with which the player struck
tlie lyre. 2. §A lyre.
Pleias and Pleias, adis. / (usu. in pi.). One of the seven daughters of
Atlas, who were changed into stars.
plene adv. 1. Fully, completely, entirely. 2. §VVith a full rich tone :
plenius aequo, more thau is right, Hor.
plenitude*, Inis. f. Fulness, completeness.
pleaus, a, um adj. 1. Full, filled with, abounding in, rich in (c. gen., or
cab!.). 2. §Satisfied, sated. 3. Loaded. 4. Stout, plump. 5.
S Pregnant. 6. Entire, complete. 7. Abundant, copious. 8. Full,
rich, round, (of sound, a voice, etc.) sonorous, loud : pecunin tarn plena, so
large a sum of money, Cic; acieni pleno gradu inducit, he leads on the
army at quick march, Liv. ; ad plenum, abundantly, Virg., Hor.; plenis
nubilis annis marriagealile and of ripe years, Virg.; ea quasi p'eniore ore
laudamu.-, we praise them more liberally, Cic; orator plenus atque perfec-
tus. a finished and perfect orator, Cic
plerumque. wlv. For the most part, generally, commonly, very often.
plerusque, -raque, -rumque (usu. inol, .>»;. only with a noun of multitude).
udj The most, very many, the greater part: juventus pleraque Catalinse
tavebat, the greater pait of the young men were partizans of Cataline,
Sail.; (nemt. as subtt.) par Europe; plerumque, throughout the greater part
of Europe, Liv.
plleo, as. ui, avi, atom. t>. a. To fold, to coil, to twine, to braid.
tplorabilis, e. aiij. Lamentable, melancholy.
^plorator. oris. in. A mourner.
ploratus, us. m. Wailing, lamentation.
ploro, as. r. ». and a. To bewail, lament, mourn for, deplore (c ace. or sine
c) : Demetri tc jubeo plorare, you. Demetrius, may go and hang yourself
(a translation of the Oreek curse, oiuu&iv Acryat avi), Hor.
plostellum. i. n. A cart.
ploiemum. in. A tumhrel, a wagon box.
pltma, ae. /'. 1. A feather. 2. §The down of a youthful beard: quern
(equum) pellis ahenis in plumam squamis auro consecta tegebat, wiiom a
hide, closely wrought with brazen scales inlaid with gold, and lying
over one like the feathers on a bird, covered.
plumatus, a, tun. adj. Feathered.
plumbeus. a, um. adj. 1. Of lead, leaden. 2. Heavy, oppressive,
bad, unwholesome. 3. Stupid : 0 plumbeum pugionem 1 Oh the point-
lew dagger ! i. e. the stupid argument.
plumbum, i. n. 1. Lead. 2. Anything made of lead, a leaden bullet,
pipe, etc.
plumeasj, a, tun. adj. 1. Covered or stuffed with or made of feathers.
2. {Light. *
396 PLU — POL
SplQmlpes. edil. adj. Willi feathered feet
fplumosus. a, tun. adj. Full of feathers, feathery : plumosum aucnpium,
the pursuit of winged birds, Prop.
plao, is, ui. v. n. moat usu. impers. To min (c. ace or abl. of that which
falli) : ncc de concusta tnutum pluit ilice glandit, nor are such quantities
of acorns showered down from a shaken oak, Virg.
pluries. adv. Many times.
plurimus, plnrimum, pins.—See multus, multum.
pluiculns, a, tun. adj. (Rare) A little more; n. as mhtt, or as orfr., a
little more.
p'usquam. adv. More than. —See multum.
plflteus, i. m., and Jpluteum, i. n. 1. A penthouse, shed, mantlet.
2. A breastwork, a parapet. 3. §A couch. 4. }A bookshelf, a
bookcase. 5. +Thu backboard of a bed. 6. *The board on which
a corpse is placed : vincas pluteosquc agere, to put forth all one's
resources.
Plntfinius, a, am. adj. Of Pluto : domus Plutonia, the shades below, Her.
pluvia, SB./ Rain.
pluvialis, e, and pluvius, a, on. adj. Rainy, of rain, bringing rain, pro
duced by rain.
pocillum. i. n. A little cup.
poculum, i. n. I. A cup, a drinking vessel, a goblet. 2. §A dns;bt,
a drink. 3. A drinking bout. 4. (Ouce in Cic) A cup of poison.
pSdagra, to.f. Gout in the feet
tpodagrosus, a, urn. adj. Gouty.
podex, Icis. in. The rump.
Jpidinm, i. b. A balcony in the theatre, or the arena where the emperor
and his retinue sat
Pceantius, a, nm. adj. Belonging to Pceas, father of Philoctetea.
poema, atis. n. [jtoitjuo. ] A poem.
poena, te.f. [toiv^.] 1. Compensation, satisfaction (to a party injured).
2. A fine, a punishment, a penalty: do pcenam, luo pcenam, to stifle:
punishment; pcenam persequor, repeto (c ab and abl.), to exact punish
ment
pcenitendus, a, nm. gerundive from poenitet To be repented of.
pcenitens, cntis. parr, from pcenitet; as adj. Repentant, penitent
pcenltontia, 89. ./'. Penitence, repentance.
pcenitet, uit. e. impers. To repent, to regret, to be vexed, to be annoyed at
(c gen. of the cause, ace. pen.) : ipsi pceuitendum puto, I think he hansel:
must repent, Cic
Pcenus, a, nm. adj. Carthaginian; m. as mist., Hannibal.
poesis, it./, [ironjo-i!.] 1. Poetry. 2. A poem.
poita, 83. m. [toiijtJjj.] A poet
poetlce. adv. Poetically, like a poet
poeticus, a, nm. adj. Poetical, of or like a poet; f. ns nisi., poetry.
poetria, se, and Jpoetris, Idis. / A poetess.
poL interj. By Pollux, truly, forsooth.
polenta, SB./ Peeled barley, pearl bailey, of barley meal.
polio, is, ivi, itum. v. a. 1. To smooth, to polish (anything), to work np
elaborately. 2. §To adorn, to decorate, to make beautiful.
polite, mlr. Elegantly, in a polished, refined manner, with a high polish.
polltia, 89./ The name of one of Plato's works, polity.
p51itlcus, a, nm. adj. [itoAitikoj.] 1. Of or relating to political aflairs.
2. Occupied in political affairs.
politus, a, nm. part. pats. fr. polio ; used also as adj. c. eooipar., etc. Po
lished, refined, elegant, polite, accomplished (of a person): Apelles Veorrii
caput politissima arte perl'ecit, Apelles finished the head of Venus with
the most elaborate skill, Cic.
Tlpollen and pollis, Inii. «./ Fine flour, the dust that flies about is s
 POL — PON 397
pollens, enti». part. fr. seq.; alao as adj. c. compar. Powerful, vigorous.
polleo, es, no perf. t>. n. 1. To be powerful, potent, vigorous, strong.
2. To hare influence (not without an adverb, such as plurimum, etc.) : ii
omnibus exemplo debet esse quantum in hie urbe polleat miiltorum obedire
tempori, he ought to be an example to all men, what weight it gives a
man to aid many people in their emergencies, Cic.
poller, icis. m. 1. The thumb (at a play or a gladiatorial exhibition to
press down the thumb was a sign of approbation, to extend it, of disappro
bation): verso pollice vulgns quemlibet occidunt populariter, extending
their thumbs the mob put whom they please to death, as they have a right
to do, Jiiv. 2. § A finger, the hand.
pclllceor, eris, Una stun. v. dep. To promise (per/, part. § in pass, sense).
polllcitatio, onis. /. A promise.
pollicitor, aris. v. dep. To promise.
pollioitnm, i. n. A thing promised, a promise.
t^pollinctor, oris. m. An undertaker.
pollaceo, es, xi, ctam. v. a. 1. To offer in sacrifice. 2. To serve up
as a dish
pollno, is, ni, utura. v. a. 1. To soil, to pollute, to defile, to contaminate.
2. To desecrate. 3. To violate, to seduce (a woman) : furto polluit ilia
.Tavern, he dishonoured Jupiter (the God of Hospitality) by his theft,
Prop.; pollutse, unchaste women, Li v.
polns. L m. 1. A pole, one of the poles of the world. 2. §The
Heavens. ,
polypns, i. m. A polypus (a fish). 2. A polypns in the nose.
tpolyposus, a, am. adj. Having a polypus in the nose.
pomarium. La. A fruit garden, an orchard.
pomarius, Li. A fruiterer, a seller of fruit.
pomeridianus, a, nm. adj. In or belonging to the afternoon.
pomcerinm, i. n. The open space left free from buildings both inside and
ontside the walls of a town, limiting the city auspices.
pomifer, era, erum. adj. Bringing fruit, the season of fruit.
pdmosus, a, am. adj. Full of fruit, loaded with fruit.
pompa, as. f. [xo/ivi;.] 1. A solemn or public procession : pompam qui
funeris irent, who should attend a funeral, Ov. 2. A train, a retinue, a
suite. 3. Pomp, parade, ostentation.
pompilins, i. m. [wtfura.] The pilot fish.
pomum, L n. 1. Fruit of any kind (even nuts, etc, or truffles, Mart.).
2. §A frnit tree.
fpomns, i./. A fruit tree.
pondero, as. r. a. 1. To weigh. 2. To weigh in the mind, ponder on,
deliberate, consider, estimate.
ponderosus, a, nm. adj. 1. Heavy, weighty. 2. Weighty, important.
pondo. indecl. 1. Of weight, by weight, in weight. 2. (With a noun
of number) A pound : anri quinque pondo, five pounds' weight of gold, Cic.
pondns, eris. n. 1 . Weight, a weight used in a scale. 2. Heaviness,
ponderosity, weightiness. 3. Balance, equipoise : qui , . . cogat trans
pondera dextram porrigere, who will make us stretch out our hand to
people at the risk of losing our balance (or across intervening obstacles),
Hor. 4. A large mass, a large quantity. 5. A load, a burden, an
oppressive weight : si . . . justa recusasset pondera ferre Thetis, if Thetis
had refused to bear her due burden (i. e. Achilles in her womb), Ov. 6.
Weight, importance, influence, weight of character, weight of style, etc.
pSne. adv. and pnp.. c. ace After (of a place), behind.
pono, is, poBui, positum. v. a. I. To place, to put, to set, to station, to
post. 2. To set up, to erect, to build, to pitch (a camp, etc), to make
asa painter or statuary : nunc hominem ponere, nunc Deum, to portray a man,
sometimes a Ood, Hor. 3. To plant 4. To appoint, to ordain.
5. To propose (as a prize or as a wager, or as a subject for discussion), to
lay (a wager). 6. To place (money), to invest. 7. To serve up at
398 IP ON — POP
table, to place before a gneet. a §To bury. 9. To lay aside (dotbes,
amis, habits, feelings, etc.), to discard, to put off. 10. To rest on, to
place dependence on, to make to consist in (c. in and abL); in past, to de
pend on : crrdibile lion eat quantum ego in consiliia et prudeiitia. Uia ponatn,
you cannot belieTe bow much importance I attach to your advice and to
your prudence, Cic ; in dubio poeuit, be left it doubtful, Lir. ; in vestii
■aim pusimra eat, it depends on you, Tac. 11. To suend, to emplnv.
to devote (time, thought, care, etc.), (c in and abL of the object). 12.
To place, count, reckon, estimate. 13. To lay down ai a position (in
argument), to assert, to maintain. 14. To suppose, to grant (in an argu
ment or discussion). 15. §To calm (as tbe wind calms the sea by abat
ing). 16. (§As e. a.) To fall (of tlia wind) : earn ipsinn mdimentam
adulescentias bello lacessentem Romanos poeuisse, (they said) that be bin-
self made his first essay as a young man by attacking the Romans, Lie.;
pnnor ad scribendum, my name ii set to a vote of the senate at if I had
been present and signed it, Cic
pons, tin. m. 1. A bridge of any kind across a river, a plank from a ship
to the shore, a drawbridge from toners erected by besiegers to tbe walls of
a town, between towers. 2. The passage along which voters passed to
vote at the Comitia, hustings. 3. §A floor or story in a tower. 4.
JA deck.
pontlcllui, i. m. dim. of prec A little bridge.
pollutes icis. m. A priest, a pontiff, a high priest : pontifex maximal, the
chiel of the priests.
pontificalis, e. adj. Of a priest or pontiff, pontifical.
pon tiflcatus, fit. m. The office of priest, the priesthood, the pontificate.
pontificius, a, am. adj. Belonging to a priest, or to tbe priesthood.
ponto, 5nia. m. A kind of ship used by the Gauls.
pontus. i. in. [Tovrot ] 1. The sea. 2. §A wave.
Ponticus, a, urn. adj. Of the country Pontus around the Black Sea: Por.
ticum mare, the Black Sea, Liv. ; Ponticus serpens, tbe dragon that guarded
the golden fleece at Colchis, on the shores of the Black Sea, Juv.
pipa, 88. m. The sacrificing priest who slew the victim.
Jpopanum, i. u. A sacrifici.il cake
popina. 3e. f. A cookshop, an eating-house.
pop.no. Ilia. in. A frequenter of eating houses, an epicure.
poples. Itii. m. 1. The back of tbe knee, the bam. 2. The knee
Jjpoppyama, atU a. [tos-swuo.] A noise of smacking the lips.
fpopuiabilia, e. What can be laid waste, destructible.
populabundus, a, tun. adj. Laying waste, ravaging.
popularis, e. adj. 1. Of or in any way pertaining tn the people, popular,
proceeding from the people, meant for or given to the people, agreeable or
devoted to, or fond of courting the people, used by the people : popularis
aura, popular favour. 2. Democratic, of democratic induutions.
3. Common among the people, common, usual. 4. Indigenous, native :
popularia fluniinu, the rivers of the country, Ov. ; tn. as saint., a country
man, a fellow countrymnn. 2. A comrade, an accomplice. 3. (Esp-
in ;>/ ) A popularity hunter, a demagogue, one of tbe democratic party.
-Kpdpularltas, atis../. 1. JA seeking after popularity, a courting of the
people. 2. +A being a fellow countryman.
popularlter. adv. 1. After the mnuuer of the common people, according
to the usage or rights of the people. 2. So aa to court the common
people, in a democratic spirit.
populatio, onil./ 1. A laying waste, a ravaging, devastation. 1
Pi'lnue. plunder obtained by ravaging.
populate?, oris. in. ; and J-trix, loin. /. One who lays waste, a ravager, s
devastator.
popii ens, a, nm. adj. Of the poplar tree, of poplar.
populifer. era, erum adj. Bearing poplar trwa,
populuoitum, i, v. ; also sciuua pupuli. A decree of the people
 POP— POE 899
jpopulo, as. v. a.; more usu. popiilor, aris. v. dep. To ravage, lay waste,
devastate (even of laying a city waste by pestilence) : videt .... popu-
lataque tempora raptis aurihus, and he sees his head stripped of his ears,
which had been torn off, Virg.; populatus hamus, a hook stripped of its
bit. Ot.
Jgpfilm, If. A poplar tree.
populus, L m. 1. The people (sometimes opp. to plebs as the whole body
of the burghers ; this was the original meaning of the word) : non enini
pjiiuli ted plebis earn magistratuin esse, for that magistracy did not belong
to the burghers (or patricians), but to the common people, Liv.—sometimes
opp. to srnatus, and then it included the plebs) : populus urbanus, the
citizens (as opp. to the military), Nep. 2. A people, a nation. 3. §A
body of persons, a number of people.
porca. ae. f. A sow.
;po:cellus, i. m. The young of any kind of pig, a little pig, a young wild
boar.
-tporcinus, a, tun. adj. Of a pig, of a swine.
porcus. i, and dim. tporculus, i. m. 1. A pig, a hog. 2. §A glutton.
porrectio, onis. /. A putting out, an extension.
porrecttu, a, ma. pari. pass. fr. porrigo (used also as adj.). 1. Extended,
champaign (of ground, etc). 2. Widely spread (renown, etc.). 3.
SStretched out (i. e. dead) : porrectior acies, a somewhat too much extended
line of battle. Tac
porricio, is (a form of projicio, used in religious ceremonies). To offer as
sacrifice, to scatter as sacrifice : inter caesa et porrecta, between the slaying
and offering of the victim.
Porrigo. is, rexi, rectum, e. a. 1. To stretch out, to put forth, to extend,
to spread out. 2. To hold out. to offer, to present (a hand, protection,
etc.). 3. To hold up (a hand in voting) : quo se tua porrigat ir.i. to
which your anger can extend, Ov.
porrigo, Inis. /. 1. Scurf, datidriff. 2. tThe mange.
porro. adv. L (Of place) Onward, forward, in front. 2. (Of time)
§Formeriy, in former times. 3. Henceforward, in future, in after time.
4. In turn. 5. Besides, furthermore, moreover.
pomun. i. n., and Jporrus, i. m. A leek.
porta, as. f. 1. A gate of a city, a camp, etc 2. §An entrance, an
outlet 3. t A di fiic, a pass into a country: et quibus e portis occurri
cuiqne deeeret, and by what means each ought to be encountered, Lucr.
POrtatio, onis. f. A carrying, a conveyance.
Porteado, is, di, turn. v. a. To portend, to foreshow: quid spei melioris,
Latmis portendi, [he asked] what hope of better things was held out to the
Latins. Liv.
§portentIficus, a, am. adj. Portentous, strange.
porteutoaus, a, am. adj. 1. Portentous, conveying a portent or omen,
monstrous, preternatural. 2. ^Marvellous.
Portentum, i. ». 1. A portent, sign of the future, omen, a prodigy.
2. A monster, a monstrosity : pecudum portenta, strange births of animals.
3. A marvellous tale, a Btrange fiction.
portions, us, and dim. porticula, ae. f. 1. A portico, a colonnade, a
piazza, an arcade, a porch. 2. A shed for the protection of soldiers in a
siege: Zeno et tola ilia porticus, Zeno and the whole sect of the stoic;, Cic.
portio, onis./. A portion, a share, a part: pro portione, or prop., rerum, in
proportion, proportionally.
Portitor, oris. m. [portus.] A receiver of taxes at a port, a custom-house
officer.
Portitor, oris. m. [porta] 1. JA conveyer. 2. A ferryman, a boat
man : portitor Orci, Charon. Virg.
PWto, as. r. a. To bear, to carry, to convey, to bring.
Portdrium, in, A tax or duty paid on importation or exportation, harbour
dues : ptotorium circumvectionis, a tax for a licence to travel as a hawker.
400 POR — POS
portula, m.f. A little gate.
portuosus, a. um. adj. Having good harbours : navigatio minime pirtoosa
a voyage where there were scarcely any harbours, Cic.
portus, us. m. 1. A harbour, n port, a haven : portnm tenpre, to reach I
harbour, Cic; qui in portu Syracnsis operas dabat, who was a custom hmit
officer at Syracuse, Cic 2. (Metaph.) A haven, Lei place of refute,
an asylum, a place of safety.
posco, is, poposci. no sup. r. a. 1. To demand, to require, to ask for
urgently, to beg (often c. dupl. ace). 2. To require, i. e. to need. 3.
To call upon, invoke, entreat the aid of (a deity). 4. To challenge, to
call forth (ad praslia, etc) : poscimur, we are called on losing, Hot. : pos-
cunt majoribus poculis, they challenge them to drink in larger goblets, Cic:
ceo p'>scor Olympo, I am summoned by a token from Heaven, Virg.
Sposltor, oris. m. A founder, a builder.
positura, m.f. 1. Position, situation. 2. Posture, i. e. condition.
pdsitus, us. »i. Position situation : nee mihi tot positus numero comprendere
fas est, nor is it possible for me to comprehend in my verse so many wars
of placing (or dressing) the hair.
potsesiio, bvis.f. 1. Possession, i. e. the fact of possessing. -. For1
session, i. e. what is possessed, property (usu. in pi.).
posccssiuncula, m.f. A small possession, a small property.
possessor, oris. m. A possessor, an owner.
possldeo, es, and Hpossido, is, sedi, sessum. r. o. To possess, to own, to
have as property, to have. 2. To take possession of, to occupy.
possum, notes, potui, posse. e>. irr. n. [potis sum.] i. To be able, I cm.
2. To be powerful, to have influence : potest fieri, it is possible, Cic; st
nihil ad te dem literarum facere non possum (also non possum quia den),
I cannot help writing to you, Cic.
post. adv. and prep. c. ace. 1 . (adv. of place) Behind : invidia stqia)
superbia post fuere, their envy and arrogance were left behind (*tn
forgotten), Sail. 2. (More usu. of time) After, afterwards : nequ its
mul to post, and not very long after, Nep. 3. (prep, of place) Be
hind. 4. §Below, i. e. inferior to. 4. (Of time) After, since: cuii-
ma post hominum mrmoriam, the greatest in the memory of man, Nep.
postea. adv. Afterwards, after this, after that, subsequently : quid por.es,
well, what then ? (what follows?), Liv.—See postqunm.
posterltas, atis. f. 1. Posterity, succeeding generation. '-■ ^Off
spring: cum optimus quisque maximc posteritati serviat, since all very
virtuous men are especially anxious for their character with posterity,
Cic.
postcrins. adv. Later, at a later period, afterwards.
posterns, a,um, posterior, postremus. adj.—(Positive). 1. Coming after,
coming next, following. 2. Future, belonging to posterity : pofteri
crcscam laude, I shall increase in reputation with posterity, Hor.; m
posterum, till the next day, Caes. ; (more usu. ) for the future, for futurity, Cic
and Caes.; postero, the next day, Tac; (m. pi.) posteri (as reorf.), pos
terity, descendants, future ages. (Compar.). 1. Later, coming after,
coming behind, what is behind, binder. 2. Inferior, worse: non poi-
teriores [sc. partes] feram, I will not play the meaner part, It, I will nst
be behindhand, Ter. (Superl.). 1. The hindmost, the last. 2. T«»
lowest, worst, meanest: ad postrernum, at last, ultimately: postremusJ, te
the hist time.—See posterius, postremo.
postfero, fers, tuli, latum, r. o. irr. To put after (in comparison), to post
pone, to esteem less : qui libertati plebis suas opes postferrent, who were
willing to sacrifice their own nggrandisement to the liberty of the people,
Liv.
fpostgenltus, a, urn. adj. in pi. Descendants, posterity.
posthabeo, es, ui, Itum. v. a. To place after, (in a comparison) to esteem
of h-ss value, to retard lens, to neglect.
posthac, §posthinc, posthoe. adv. Hereafter, henceforth, in future.
 P0S—P0 T 401
fMticns, a, am. adj. What is behind, hinder, at the back : posticn s.inna,
a grimace made behind a person's back, Pen.; n. sing, as subst., a back
dour, a postern.
tpoitilla. and fpostidoa. adv. Afterwards, after that.
postis. is. m. 1. A doorpost. 2. §A door (usu. in pi.).
postliminium, i. n. [post limen.] 1. A return behind one's own thresh
old, by which a person recovered his former rights and privileges as a
citizen. 2. A right so to return.
postmodd and postmodum. adv. Afterwards, subsequently.
postpdno, is, posui, posilum. v. a. To postpone to, (in a comparison) to
esteem less, to regard as of less consequence, to neglect in comparison.
tpostputo, as. v. a. To think inferior, to regard as of less consequence.
poscqaam, and posteaquam. adv. 1. After that, when, as soon aa. 2.
f Since, because.
poitremo. adv. Lastly, at last, last of all.
postridie. adv. The day after, the next day ; (sometimes c. ace.) as, post-
rid ;e ludos, the day after the games, Cic; (sometimes c quam) postridie
quain a vobis discessi, the day after I left you, Cic
tpostscenium. i. n. That which is behind the scenes, which is secret.
ipostscribo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. To add in writing.
poatulatio. onis./i 1. A demand, a request, on entreaty. 2. A suppli
cation to the Gods. 3. t An expostulation. 4. *An application for
redress. 5. An application to permit the presentation of a complaint :
postulatio ignoscendi, a petition for pardon, a begging pardon, Cic.
postulatum, i. n., and postulatus, us. m. A demand, a request, a claim.
postulo, as. v. a. 1. To ask, request, entreat, demand, require, claim.
2. To accuse, impeach, prosecute (c. de and abl., or £c. abl., or £c. gen.).
3. +To expostulate : cum in P. Gabinium L. Piso delationem nominis
postulavisset, when L. Piso had demanded leave to prosecute P. Gabinius,
Cic.
postumus, a, am. adj. Posthumous, bom after the father has died or has
made his will.
potatio, onis. /. A drinking, a drinking bout.
potens, entis. adj. 1. Able, capable (often c gen.). 2. Powerful,
mighty, of great influence. 3. Master of, able to govern, able to manage
(c gen.). 4. Efficacious, very effectual, useful, serviceable (c. ad and
ace of the object) : sylvarum potens Diana, Diana, queen or patron Deity
of the woods, Hor. ; sanus mentisque potens, sane and in his senses, Ov. ;
dim mei potens sum, while I am my own master, Li v.; potens voti, having
gained his wish, Ov.; victrix jussique potens, victorious and having exe
cuted her orders, Ov.
potentatus, us. m. Power (esp. political power).
p&tenter. adv. 1. ^Powerfully, effectually. 2. According to one's
power and ability.
potentia, se. f. 1. Might, vigour. 2. Power, authority: cui fuit re-
rura promissa potentia, to whom dominion over all things was promised.
potestas, atis. /. 1. Power. 2. Legal or magisterial power, right, autho
rity, jurisdiction. 3. Political power, dominion, sovereignty, rule, sway.
A. Power, efficacy ; potestates herbarum, the virtues (or qualities) of herbs,
Vug. 5, Possibility, opportunity : si quid de his rebus dicere vellet
feci potestatem, if he wish to say anything on this subject, I gave him the
opportunity (or, I gave him leave), Cic; cum Praetores . . . neque potesta
tem sui facerent, ana when the Prastors . . . gave no opportunity of speaking
to them, Cic; cum multos menses ... neqne sui potestatem fecissit, when
he had for many months given no opportunity of attacking him, C«s.
6. A magistrate, a person in office ; hominum Divumque potestas, supreme
ruler of Gods and men, Virg,; Gabiorum potestas, the chief magistrate
(the Podesta) of Gabii, Juv. j exisse ex potestate dicimus eos qui ... we
say that those men have lost all control over themselves who . . . Cic
IS
402 POT — PRJE
petin'l fccpousne? Pods* at dcsinas? can tou atop? (i.e. pray stop)
Ter.
potio. onis. /- A drink, a draught (sometimes cap. a draught of poison, or
a magic potion 1
potior, Iris, 3rd sing, potltur, imperf. subj. potirer and poterer. potittts m.
m.drp. To make onesell" natter of, to become or be master of, to take pos
session of, to obtain, to get (e. gen. or c abL, more rare c. ace.). 2. To
have, to possess, to occupy, to enjoy (at owner) : Cleaathes solem rerom
potiri putat. Cleantbe* think* that the sun has the supreme power in the
universe, Cie.: quo monte potita cons:. tit, having climbed which mountain,
the ttood still. Or.
piUs, e. adj. via the positive rarely declined, and only poet,). Able, capable
(of doing aaonthing c innn.). 2. (In mi.) Possible, Omjnr.
potior, better, preferable, to be preferred, more important : at tu qui potior
bum es, but you who at present are preferred to me. Tib. Smptri. psstiaV
alaj.ua, chief, principal, most important, most prominent, best.
potisslmum. owr. Moat of all, eapeciaily, principally, chiefly, best.
potto*, our. Rather, preierably, more.
p6to, as, tm. tpotatam, potum. «. a. 1. To drink. 2. T* drink
deeply, be a drunkard. 3. To imbibe (at doth imbibes a dye, etc);
pmm. imptru, totes diet potabatar. they tpent whole day* in drinking, Cie.
■See notes.
pitor. oria. as., */". potrix. ieis. 1. A drinker. 2. A hard drinker, t
dnmkard : Rhodani pater, a drinker of (L e. a dweller near) the Rhone,
Hor.
potulentua, a, turn, adj. That stay be drunk; a. pi. at mitt, drinkables.
pitas, a, nja. mart. past, of poto; need both in act. and pass, sense. 1.
drunk, i. e. swallowed, by drinking. 2. Drunk (i. e, having dnnk teo
much V, intoxicated.
potus, 4s. st. A drinking, drink.
prat, esse, and prrp. c abl. I. (ewcO Before, in advance. (Sm prrowun.
pneut) 2. (prrp.) Before, in front of. 3. In comparison with.
4. For, because of (in such sentences at) : nee loqui pre mcerore petuit.aad
be could not speak for sorrow, Cie; quod fuit pne manu, which rtt at
hand. Plant.; prat me fere (more rarely prae me gero, or declare \. t» da-
cover, to indicate, to say, to assert, to allege, to state openly ; net pr» te
fert qui tit, nor does he make any statement who he is, Cie
praeicutua. a, tun. adj. Sharpened at the point,
prtsaltus. a, tun. adj. 1. Very high. 2. Very deep.
prasbeo. et, ui. taut, r. a. 1. To hold forth, offer, proffer, present. ?■
To give, supply, furnish, provide, afford. 3. prsebeo roe, to behave:
miserkordem se prrcbuit, he showed himself inclined to mercy, Cie ; prav
buit sonitum, he made a noise, Liv. ; prasbuit ipsa rapi (i. e. pnebait m\
the allowed herself to be carried off, Ov.
prablbo, is, blbi, bibltnm. r. o. To drink before, drink to.
prabitor. oris. m. A giver, a proviBer.
praeeaUdtu, a, tun, adj. Very hot.
Sprsecanus. a, tun. adj. Gray before one's time,
praeciveo, es, eavi, eautum. v. a. 1. To guard against beforehand. -
To guard against, to beware of.
precedo. is, ccssi. cessum. r. a. I. To go or come before, to preceds.
2. To surpass, to excel : (c ace.) lama prstcetait ad aures tnos, the repsrt
previously reached your ears, Ov.
prtBoellerts, entis. part of seq. ; used also as adj. c. eompar. etc. Kxcefliag,
excellent, eminent,
prsecello, is, no pert e. a. and «. 1 . (r. o.) To excel, to surpass (e. ate,^
2. (r. a.) To be excellent, eminent, dittiniruithed.
prsecelsus, a, tun, adj. Very high, very loftr.
prseceps, Ipltis. adj. [pne caput.] 1. Headlong, headforemost. 1 b
headlong haste, hasty, hurried- 3. Downhill, steep, precipitous. *■
 PRJ1 403
Descending downwards, declining (of the son, the day, etc.). 5. §Swift,
rushing, violent, proceeding rapidly (as a stream, time, etc.), borne on
rapidly (of a person urged on, or hastening on, to calamity, ruin, etc.). 6.
Hasty precipitate, rash, proceeding in a headlong course, inconsiderate.
7. Violently inclined (c in and ace of that to which) : prseceps in avari ■
tiam animus, a mind strongly dispose*1 to covetousness, Liv. 8. Dan
gerous, critical. (n. as subst.) 1. A steep place, a precipice. 2. A
critical situation, danger.
Cprzcepa. adv. Headlong : famam pneceps dabat, it brought his reputation
into danger, Tac.
przeeptio, onis. f. 1. A previous notion, a preconception. 2. A pre
cept, an injunction. 3. JA right of receiving (money, etc.), in advance.
pneceptor, oris. in. ; f. -trix, tricis. An instructor, teacher, preceptor,
tutor.
prafcepium, in. 1. A precept, a maxim, a rule. 2. A command, an
order.
praecerpo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To gather before the proper season,
prematurely. 2. To gather beforehand, (and by so doing) to diminish
(pleasure, advantage, etc).
prscido, is, cidi, cisum. [csedo.] v. a. 1. To cut off, to cut. 2. To
cut to pieces. 3. To cut short, to abridge, to break off suddenly : brevi
prafcidam, I will cut short what I have to say (or in short), Cic. ; prascide,
inquit, be brief, said he, Cic; plane sine ulla exception? praecidit, ho cut
the matter short by a point blank refusal, without any limitation, Cic
pracingo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To surround, to encircle. 2.
(pais.) To be girded, to gird oneself ; altius ac nos prsecinctis unum, a
journey of a single day to travellers better girt up, i. e. more active, than
we, Hor. ; prsecincti recte pueri, servants properly girt up (tidy and active),
Hor.
prscino, is, ni, centum, v. a. 1. To sing before (c dat). 2. To
foretell : carmine cum magico praecinuisset anus, when the old woman had
pronounced her magic incantation, Tib.
prscipiens, cutis, part, of seq. ; also as subst. A teacher, a tutor.
praecipio, is, cepi, ceptum. r. u. 1. To take beforehand, to take in ad
vance. 2. To preoccupy. 3. To anticipate, to get a start : dum
ipse lorgius spatium fuga prseciperet, while he got a considerable start in
his retreat, Liv. ; aliquant turn temporis ad fugam prseciperunt, they
gained a start of some little time in their retreat, Liv. 4. To anticipate
in the mind : spe jam prscipit hostem, he already in his hopes anticipates
a victory over his enemy, Virg. 5. To admonish, instruct, teach (c. dat.
pets., ace rei, or ut or Be, and snbj.).
+ jpracipitanter. adv. Hastily.
pracipitium, i. n. A precipice.
praeciptto, as. v. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To throw down headlong, to pre
cipitate. 2. Praecipito me (and. pats, praecipitor), to throw oneself
down. 3. To hasten, to hurry, to make precipitate : furor iraque men-
tern praecipitant, rage and fury hurry on my mind to deeds of daring, Virg. ;
prxcipitatque moras omnes, and he discards all delay (changes it into
haste), Virg. 4. To hasten towards the end, towards ruin, to ruin :
precipitant currum scopulis, they dash the chariot against the rocks, Ov.
5. (r. a.) To fall headlong or rapidly, to be precipitated down, to descend
with violence, to fall : excussus Aconteus . . . praecipitat longe, Aconteus is
hurled from his horse and thrown to a distance, Virg. 6. To be going
to ruin : cum ad Cannas pracipitasset Romana res, when Rome had met
with a terrible downfall at Cannte, Liv. 7. To be sinking, declining,
coming to an end (of day, a season, etc.): jam nox humida ccelo praecipitat,
now moist night is drawing to a close in the heaven, Virg. ; nox prescipi-
tata, night coming to an end, 0V. ; lux prcecipitatur aquis, the light of the
sun is sinking in the waters, Ov.; hyems jam prsecipitaverat, the winter
was now almost over, Goes.
dd a
404 PR JE
pr.-rjcYpue. adv. Especially, particularly, chiefly.
prceclpuus, a, um. adj. 1. Special, peculiarly belonging to oneself. 2.
Piirticnlar, especial. 3. Chief, principal, remarkable, preeminent; n. pi.
Bulal. (one of the terms proposed by Cicero as a translation of »^«77-
/«'i«, things of importance, coming next to the absolute good (in the
Stoic d ctrine).
przECiso. adv. Briefly, abruptly.
pracisus, a. Bin part. pass, fr. prsecido; also §as adj. Steep, precipitous.
prajcl&re. adv. 1. Very clearly, very plainly. 2. Excellently, ad
mirably, very well. 3. (Assenting to what has been said) Very good,
certainly.
preclarus, a, um. adj. 1. Very bright, brilliant, splendid, very beautiful.
2. Remarkable, conspicuous, illustrious, distinguished, eraineut '(once in
Tnc, c. gen, of the qualities for which): sceleribus praeclarus, notorious for
his crimes, Sail.
prsecludo, is, si, sum. r. a. 1. To shut up, to shut, to close. 2. To
close (any thing) against (a person) (c. ace. rei, dat. pers.): qnanciinru vei
inimicissimis omnibus praeclusisse vocem videbatur, although he seemed to
have stopped the mouths of all, even of his greatest enemies. Liv.
pneco. onis. m. 1. A crier, a herald (at public solemnities, etc.). 2.
An auctioneer: prieco tua) virtutis, a proclnimer of your virtue, Cic
precoglto, as. r. a. To think of, to plan beforehand, to premeditate.
pracognosco, is, n5vi, nltum. v. a. To know beforehand, to foreknow.
pracolo, is, ui, cultum. v. a. 1. To cultivate beforehand. 2. JT°
honour highly.
§pracomp8sItus, a, um. adj. Arranged beforehand.
precoriium, La. 1. The office of a public crier. 2. A proclaiming,!
making generally known. 3. Praise, panegyric.
praconins, a, um. adj. Of or belonging to a crier or auctioneer.
fpraecor.sumo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. To consume or waste beforehand.
jpracontrecto, as. v. a. To handle beforehand, to contemplate beforehand.
precordia, orum. n. pi. 1. The midriff. 2. The entrails, the bowels.
3. The breast, the heart (as the seat of the feelings, passions, etc.) : mtrtat
precordia, he changes his mind, Prop.; atolida? preecordia mentis, his foolish
mind, Or. ; dura sed in terra pnnunt preecordia, but they lay their hard
(from being uncovered) bodies on the ground. Or.
pirecorrumpo, is, rflpi, ruptum. r. a. To corrupt or bribe beforehand.
t^prsecox, 6cis, and prsjeSquis, e. Precocious, premature.
prSBCUltus, a, um. pari. pass. fr. praecolo, q. v. ■ 1. Previously trained.
2. § Highly ornamented (of style).
nnecurro, is, ri, rsuin. v. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To hasten on before, to go
first : co fama jam praecucurrerat, the report had previously arrived there,
Can, 2. (r. a.) To piecede, to be before (in point of time), (c dat).
3. To outstrip, to snrp.iss, to excel, to exceed (c. ace): illud . . .. pre-
cogor, that idea I am forced to combat beforehand, Lucr. ; pnecurrentia,
(in logic) antecedents, Cic.
praccursio, or,is. f. 1. A previous appearance or arrival. 2. A pre-
vious movement, in order to prepare something, a preparation.
precursor, oris. m. 1. A scout, a spy. 2. (In. pi) An advanced
guard, the vanguard.
pnrc&tio, Is, eussi, eussum. v. a. To shake, brandish, or wave before, or in
front.
preda, se. f. 1. Booty taken in war, plunder, spoil. 2. Gain, profit.
3. Prey, game killed in hunting, etc.
prarlabundus. a, um. adj. Plundering, pillaging.
praBdamno. as. v. a. To condemn beforehand : prtednmnata spe a?quo di-
micandi campo, having abandoned as desperate all idea of being able to en
counter them on level ground, Lir.
prsedatio, onis./! Plundering, pillaging.
predator, iris. m. A plunderer, a piliager.
tjpredelasso, as. r. a. To weary out, to weaken beforehand.
 PRM 405
praedestlno, ai. v. a. To predestinate, to ordain beforehand : iibi similes
prssdestinantes triumphos, anticipating similar triumphs for themselves, Li v.
irradiator, oris. m. A purchaser of landed (esp. of mortgaged) estates.
pratdiatorius, a, am. adj. Relating to the sale of landed estates.
prMicabllis. e. adj. Deserving of mention, praiseworthy.
praedicatio, onis. f. 1. A proclamation, a public notification, a making
generally known. 2. Praise, commendation.
praedlcator, 8ris. m. One who praises, who commends, an eulogist
prsedico, as. r. a. 1. To cry (as a crier) in public, to proclaim, to pub
lish. 2. To state publicly, to assert, declare, to dilate upon in public,
to report generally. 3. To praise, to extol. 4. To boast . quae dc
illo viro .... praedicaverunt, what great things did they say in praise of
that man, Cic
pnedics, is, xi, ctum. r. a. 1. fTo mention beforehand. 2. To pre
dict, to foretell, to prophesy. 3. +To announce early, beforehand. 4.
To charge, command, order (c. dat. pers. and at or ne and subj., §c. dupl.
ace.).
praedictio, onis./. A prediction, a prophecy.
praedictura, i. ». 1. A prediction, a prophecy. 2. A command, an
order : ex praedicto, by previous agreement, Liv.
prssdiolum, i. n. A small farm, a small estate.
praedUco, is. didici, no sup. v. a. To learn or make oneself acquainted with
beforehand.
praedisposltus, a, tun. adj. Arranged or prepared beforehand.
prsdatos, a, urn. adj. Endowed with, possessed of (even of bad qualities, c.
abl.).
prsedium, i. n. [praes.] A landed estate, a farm : quum alii .... pre-
dibus ac prediis cavendum publico censerent, when some thought [that the
money should be lent from the public treasury, and] that security should
be taken for the state by sureties and mortgages on the land, Lir.
praBdlvea, itis. adj. Very rich, very wealthy.
praedo. onis. m. A plunderer, a pirate, a robber, §a ravisher.
praeddceo. es, ui, ctum. r. a. To inform beforehand, to instruct previously.
praedor. ftris. v. dtp. 1. To make booty, to plunder, to despoil, to pillage
(sine c). 2. To pillage, to rob (c. ace of the person robbed). 3. To
catch (game), to carry off (plunder, prey, etc) : singula dc nobis mini prre-
dantur euntes, the years as they pass take from us all our enjoyments one
by one, Hor.; ut ex alterius predetur insciemia, so as to derive profit from
the ignorance of the other party (in a bargain), Cic
praduco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. To draw or make in front (a wall, a ditch,
etc.), Cass.
praedolcis, o. adj. 1. Very sweet 2. Very pleasant, very delightful.
prsedurus, a, am. adj. 1. Very hard. 2. Very hardy, very strong.
tprsemlseo, es, ui (no sup.), v. a. To surpass, to excel (c. ace, or c. dat).
prtseo. Is, ivi, Itum. v.n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To go before, to go first.
2. (r. a.) To go before, to precede (c. dat, *c. ace). 3. To repeat first
(before another person, so that he might rep -at it after), to dictate, to
recite (c. ace of what is recited, sometimes c dat pers.). 4. To com
mand (rare).
praefatio, onis. / 1 . A form of words, a formula. 2. tA preface.
pnefectora, as. f. 1. The office of praefectns (q. v.), a prefectship.
2. An Italian municipal town to which a prefect was annually sent from
Rome, to preside in the court of justice. 3. (JUnder the emperors) a
province governed by a prefect!!*.
praefectns, a, am. part. pass. fr. prafkio. Set over, presiding over
(e dat).
prafectui, I. m. [preficio.] An officer or magistrate set over or appointed
to superintend anything (sometimes c. dat of that over which). 1. An
overseer, a manager, a superintendent. 2. An officer commanding the
legions raised from the allies (six to each legion). 3. The administrator
DD 8
406 PE JE
of justice in some of the mnnicip.il town* of Italy, caned Irani this <
stance pntfettuia : prefectus dassis, an admiral. Cic_ Lit. ; pnrtVctus
fabrorum, the chief engineer. Cm. ; prefecttts eqaitum, and pnef. by itself,
a commander of the cavalry. Cats. ; pnefectnt aamnae, a superintendest of
the market, Tac. ; prefectus nrbi or urbia, the governor of the city m the
absence of the consols or of the emperor, Tac ; prefectus (the especial
title in that province) ^gypti, the viceroy of Egypt, Suet. : prefectus
pretorio, or pnetorii, the captain of tbe imperial guard, Tac. Nepoj calls
Tissaphernes prefectus regis, the viceroy of the king in Asia Minor.
praefero, tars, tfili, latum, v. a., irr. 1. To bear before, to taitv in
front. 2. To set before, place before, to offer, to present. ' 3. To place
before (i. e. to prefer). 4. To show, to display (esp. one's own qualities),
to exhibit. 5. (In pass., esp. in pert part.) To pass by, harry by:
cohortes effuse prelates hostes adorue rant, the eohortes attacked
the enemy as they passed in disorder, Lir. ; pnetalit triumph] diext, he
anticipated the day of his triumph (i. e. celebrated it sooner than be other
wise would have done), Liv.
prseferox, ocis. adj. Very fierce, very violent
praefervldus, a, am. adj. Very hot, (lit. and metaph.) very fierce, angry.
praefestino, as. r. a. To make too much, or excessive haste.
praef icio, Is, feci, fectnjn. v. a. To set (in authority) over, to appoint to the
command, management, or superintendence of (c dat. rei) : in eo exercitu
fratrem prsefecerat, he had given his brother a command, made him a pre
fect in that army, Cic ; materia cni divinationem preficere possimuz, a
subject over which we can assign to divination a predominant influence,
Cic.
prtefldens, entis. adj. Over confident (c dat of that in which).
praef igo, is, xi, xnm. v. a. 1. To set np in front, to fix before or in
front of (c. dat. of that in front of which). 2. To tip, to point, to head
(spears with iron, etc). 3. §To pierce, to transfix : primaqne ferrstis
prafigunt ore capistris, and they close the extremity of their mouths with
iron muzzles, Virg.
praefinio, is, ivi, ittun. r. a. To fix, determine, or appoint beforehand, to
prescribe.
tpraeflnlto. adv. In a prescribed manner.
praeflxus. a, um. pari. pats, from pnefjgo, q. v.
praefloro, as. t>. a. To deprive of its bloom, to diminish (glory, etc.).
praefluo, is, xi, xum. r. a. and a. To flow past, to flow by (sine c or
c ace).
preefoco, as. v. a. To choke, stifle, strangle
gpraefodio, If, fodi, fonum. v. a. 1. To dig (trenches) in front of (c
ace. of that in front of which). 2. To bury previously.
preefor. v. dep. drf. (for tenses, tee for). 1. To say first, or beforehand, to
say as a preface, to premise: prtefatus Divos, having first invoked the
Gods in prayer, Virg. 2. To foretell, to predict : honorem prssfor.—Sw
honor.
prsefracte. adv. Resolutely, inflexibly.
praefractus, a, um. part. past, from prefungo; also as adj. 1. Abrupt (in
style). 2. Stern, barsh.
praefrlgldnj, a, um. adj. Very cold.
praefringo, is, fregi, fractum. t-. a. 1. To break off at the end. -■
To break.
prtefulcio, Is, si, turn. v. a. 1. To support, to make secure, to secure.
2. fTo employ as a support.
praefulgeo, es, si, no sup. v. n. To shine much, to be very brilliant, very
conspicuous.
preegelldus, a, um. adj. Very cold.
praegestio, Is, lyt 1. To desire greatly (c infin.). 2. To be glad (to
do so and so).
■sagnans, tii. adj. 1. Pregnant, big with young. 2. JFull, leaded,
 prj; 407
Jpraegraciflis, e. adj. Very slender.
*pr£grandis, •• adj. Very large, very great, very dignified.
praegraTia, e. adj. 1. Very heavy, weighty, ponderous. 2. Very
troublesome.
praegraTO, as. v. a. To press heavily on, to oppress with weight, to weigh
down, (lit. and metaph.) by superiority.
pregredior, exii -gressus bob. v. dep. 1. To go before, to precede.
2. To pass by, to go past. 3. To surpass, to excel (c. ace.)
^prsegTessio, onis. j. A going before, precedence.
praegusto, as. v. a. 1. To taste first or before. 2. £To take before
hand (as an antidote).
tprsejaceo, es, ui, no sup. r. a. To lie in front of (c. ace).
pnpjudicatna, a, is. part. pass. fr. praejudico, q. v. Prrejndicata opinio,
prejudice, Cic; postulo ut ne quid hue prayudicate afferatin, I entreat yon
to bring no prejudice hither, Cic; ne id ipsum quod consultatione relique-
ract pro proejudicato ferret, that he might not treat the very point which
they had reserved for deliberation as already decided, Liv.
prajudlcium, i. it. 1. A preliminary investigation. 2. A legal pre
cedent. 3. (Metaph. in a general sense) A precedent.
prejudice as. v.a. 1. To judge or decide beforehand, to prejudge. 2.
To give a preliminary judgment, or judgment in a preliminary point.
tprsejiTO, as, juvi, jutum. v. a. To aid previously.
preelabor, eris, lapsus sum. v. dep. 1. To pass by, pass along, glide by
(c. ace). 2. To glide, to swim.
prelambo, is, hi, no sup. r. a. To taste before.
tlprwlargns, a, um, adj. Very large.
praelatus, a, um, pari. pass. fr. prtefero,q. t. •
tpraelego, is, lexi, lectum. r. a. 1. To read a lecture, or as a lecture.
2. To sail past, to coast along (c. ace).
praellgo. as. r. a. 1 . To bind on in front (c. dat. of that on which). 2.
To bind up, to bind around.
pnelium. i.—Seeprcelium.
praelongus, a, um. adj. Very long.
praeluceo. es. xi, no sup. r. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To shine in front of, to shine,
to be brilliant, conspicuous. 2. (j$e. a.) To outshine, surpass (c. dat.).
fpraelustris, e. adj. Very eminent, very conspicuous, very exalted.
praemando, as. v. a. To order beforehand.
praematurus, a, um. adj. Too early, premature, untimely.
Spraemedlcatns. a, um. adj. Previously prepared by medicine or charms.
praemeditatio. onis./ A previous consideration, anticipation, premeditation.
praemeditor, aris. r. dep. 1. To meditate on beforehand, to consider
previously. 2. JTo prelude, to play a prelude.
\ ?uissuietuenter. adv. In a spirit of fearing beforehand, anxiously.
praemetuo. is. ui. no sup. v. a. 1. To fear beforehand. 2. To fear ex-
ceedingly : ovit praemetuens doli, the sheep fearing a trick, Phasdr.
pramitto, is, misi, missum. r. a. To send forward, to send on before, to
despatch in advance.
premium, i. n. 1. Profit derived from booty, booty, game killed by a
sportsman, a prize. 2. A reward, a recompense : si sibi prtemio foret,
if he were to have a reward for it, Liv. ; licebat . . . legis prsmio, for he
was allowed to do so by the privilege of a special law, Cic.
pramolcstia, tt.f. Annoyance beforehand.
prsemoHoT, aris. r. dep. To prepare or make preparations for beforehand.
prsemoneo, es, ui, Itum. v. a. 1. To forewarn, to admonish or advise
beforehand, to warn. 2. §To prophesy, to predict.
praemfaltus, us. m. A forewarning, a previous warning.
CpraemonstratOT, 6ris. m. One who shows beforehand, a guide.
pramonstro, as. r. o. 1 . To show beforehand, to point out previously.
2. To foreshow, to prognosticate, to predict.
t^prasmordeo, es, di, sum. v. a. To bite off.
T>D 4
 408 PRM
pramorior, iris, mortuus sum. r. dtp. To die early, prematurely.
praemortuus, a. um. part, of prec. 1. Dead. 2. Extinct.
praemflnio, Is, ivi, Ham. r. a, 1. To fortify in front, to fortify, to i
2. (In a speech) To bring forward as a preliminary answer to objections,
as an anticipatory defence or argument : illud praefulci et pnemuni quest,
I b?z of you take care beforehand, and secure that point, Cic
praemunltio. onis./ A previous fortifying or strengthening (a position or
an argument).
tpranarro, as. r. a. To relate beforehand.
praenato, as. r. a. To swim by, to flow past.
praenlteo, es, ui, no sup. r. n. 1. To shine brilliantly. 2. To outshine
(c. dat.).
prsrmomen, Inis. n. The first name, that which c:une before the nomen.
praenosco. is, rfovi, ndtum. v. a. To know beforehand, to foreknow.
Ipraenubllus, a, urn. alj. Very dark, very shady.
praenuntio. as. v. a. To announce beforehand, to predict, to foreshow : srjs-
picio de deorum adventu esse praenuntiatum, a suspicion that information of
their arrival had been given beforehand, Kep.
pranuntius, a, urn. Giving information, announcing (c. gen.); m. f. often
as sttltst., a harbinger, a messenger.
preeoccipatio, onis./ Previous occupation, preoccupation.
proeoccupo, >".s. v. a. To preoccupy, to take previous possession of, antici
pate : legem .... ipsi pncoccupaverunt ferre, they hastened to propose the
law themselves so as to get the start of the other party, Liv.
praeopto, as, r. a. To choose or wish rather, to prefer.
jjpraepando, is, di, passum. ». a. To spread open before (c dat. of that be
fore which), to lay open, to disclose.
praeparatio, onis./ Preparation.
praeparo, as. v. a. To provide beforehand, to prepare, to get ready pre
viously or beforehand : velut ez ante praparato, as if from previous prepa
ration, Liv.
praepedio, Is, Ivi, it am. v. a. 1. To entangle, to hamper, to embarrass.
2. To tie by the legs, to hobble. 3. To hinder, to obstruct, to impede
(c. ace).
praependeo, es, di, no sup. r. n. To hang down in front.
praepes, etis. wlj. 1. Flying swiftly, swift. 2. Winged; as nM st,
§a bird : Mcdusseus praepes, Pegasus.
pnepltatus, a, um. adj. Having a blunted point (like our foils).
praepingnis, e. adj. 1 Very far. 2. Very rich, very fertile.
praepolleo, as, no perf. r. n. 1. To be very powerful, very eminent. 2.
To be more powerful,, to be superior.
praepondero, as. v. a. To outweigh, to surpass.
praepdno, is, pfisui, positum. v. a. 1 . To place before, first, or in front
(sometimes c. dat of that in front of which). 2. To place or set over,
to appoint, to superintend, regulate, manage, or govern (c dat.). 3. To
prefer : pauca prseponam, I will first say a few words, Cic
Jpraeporto, as. v. a. To carry before or in front.
praeposltio, onis. / 1. A setting before, a preferring, a preference.
2. A preposition.
prsepSsItus, a. um. part. pass, from prspono ; also m. as subsL An over
seer, manager, commander ; n. pi. ns subsl., preferable things, like pras-
cipua.—See praccipuiis.
tpraepossum, pates, potui, posse, v. irr. To be more powerful, to get the
upperband.
praepostire. adv. In an irregular manner, in the reverse order.
prasposterus, a, tun. wlj. 1. Perverse, preposterous. 2. Peevish,
fr.iwarri. 3. In inverted order, irregular : omnia natune prsepostera legi-
bus ibunt, everything will go on in an order exactly contrary to the laws of
nature, Ov.
praepotens, cutis, adj. Very powerful ; ,«. pi. as subst., the great men.
 PRiE 409
praepropere Bnd t§praeproperaater. adv. Too hastily.
praeproperus, a, urn. adj. Too haity, precipitate, rash.
Jpraepfltium, i. n. The foreskin.
§prsequeror, eris, questus sum. v. dtp. To complain first.
Sprseradio, as. v. a. To outshine (c. ace).
praereptus, a, am. part. past, from praripio, q. v.
Cpraerigesco, is, ui, no sup. v. n. To become very stiff.
praeripio, la, ui, reptom. v. a. 1. To take away before the time, to
•natch prematurely. 2. To carry off, to take away, to seize, to snatch.
3. To anticipate (sine c).
pn-rodo. is, si, sum. e. a. To gnaw, to nibble at (a hook).
praerogativus, a, am. adj. That votes first : omen prasrogativum, the choice
of the century to vote first (which was looked on as an omen of the elec
tion). f. at mist. 1. The century which gained the lot to vote first.
2. A previous choice or election. 3. A sure sign, omen, or prognostic :
in prerogatives referenda, while he was reporting the vote of the first cen
tury to the presiding magistrate, Cic.
praerogo, as. v. a. To ask first, to ask (a person or century its opinion
first).
praerumpo, is, rupi, ruptum. v. a. To break off in front, to break off.
praeruptus, a, am. part. pass, of prec. ; used also as adj. c. compar. etc. 1.
Abrupt, steep, rugged. 2. £Rash, precip tate. 3. JStern, severe.
prses, dis. m. One who becomes security for another, a bail, a surety.
praesagio, Is, ivi. t. a. 1. To presage, forebode, to foreknow. 2. To
toretell.
pr aesagitio, onis. f. A foreboding, a presentiment.
prac sagium, i. it. 1 . A foreboding, a prognostic, a presage. 2. A pre
diction.
praesagus, a, am. adj. Foreboding, prophetic, presaging : prsuagn raali
mens, a mind having a presentiment of evil, Virg.
prasscio, Is, and praescisco, no perf. v. a. To leam or know beforehand.
praescius, a, am. adj. Knowing beforehand, prescient, foreknowing (some
times c. gen.) : lie quo sermone prtescians cri minis faceret, lest by anything
that he might say he might give her an inkling of the charge, Tac.
pTSscTibo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To write in front or on the top of, to
prefix in writing (c. dat. of that to which). 2. To appoint, ordain, prescribe,
enjoin. 3. §To dictate (she said) : frustra Pulchram prcscribi, that it
was no use to put forth the name of Pulchra as a plea, Tac; sibi qua)
Van prasscripsit pagina nomen, the page which has the name of Varus at
its head, Virg.
praescriplio, onis. f. An inscription (at the head of anything), a title (of a
book, etc.). 2. A pretext, a plea. 3. A precept, an order, an in
junction. 4. ^Limitation : tribunitias potestatis prescription?, under
pretext of doing so by virtue of his power as tribune, Tac.
prae-scriptum, is. A precept, a rule laid down, an order.
piaeseco, as, ui, sectum. v. a. To cut off : prasectus unguis, a well-pared
nail, Hor. —See unguis.
praesens, entis. adj. 1. Present (of time or place). 2. Existing (of a
state of things). 3. Ready, prompt, immediate. 4. Present to (so
as to show favour to), favourable, propitious: praesens scrmn, commu
nication by word of mouth, Cic. ; praesens tecum egi, I urged you in person,
Cic. ; in praesens, for the present time, for the time, Cic. ; ad praesens, at
the time, Tac. ; in rem prtesentem venias oportet, you should come to the
place (to the scene of action) itself, Cic. ; in re preesente, on the spot, Liv.;
praesens pecunia, ready money, Cic. ; praesens diligentia, prompt energy,
Sail. ; praesens auxilium, instant or effectual assistance, Cic. ; quo non
prasentius ullutn, than which no (medicine) is more efficacious, Virg.; ani
mus acer et praesens, an active and energetic spirit, Cic.
praesentia, ae. f. 1. Presence, a being present: animi praesentia, pre
410 P R JE
•race of mind, Cses. ; in prstsentii, at present, now, tor the time being, at
the time, Nep.. Li v.; in prssentia. at hud, Nep.
prsesensio, dnia. /. 1 . A presentiment, a foreboding. 2. A preconcep
tion.
praesentio. ii. si, mm, and +prassentisco, is. r. a. 1. To feel bef*e-
hand, to have a presentiment of, to presage, to forebode. 2. Prarseasum
tamen est, it was known before the arrival of the fleet. Lit.
prtesepe, is. a. 1. A stall. 2. §A beehive. 3. A victualler's tavern,
a drinking shop : scorra vagus, non qui certum pnesepe teneret, a vagabond,
not a man who had a certain stall, i. e. not one who could provide himself
with a dinner, Hor.
pnrsepio. is. si, turn. r. a. To block up, to fence in front.
prsesertim. adv. Especially, particularly.
prases idis. in. f. I. A protector, guardian, defender, patron, president.
2. X A governor, a viceroy.
praesidens, entis. part, of seq. ; also +as saosf. A governor.
praesiieo, es, sedi, sessum. r. a. (c dat. Jc. ace). 1. To preside over,
patronize. 2. To guard, protect, defend. 3. To superintend, direct,
manage, regulate,
presidiums, a, am, adj. Serving for a protection, for a garrison,
presidium, i. h. 1. A protection, a guard, a defence. 2. A garrisos.
a guard (L e. a body of soldiers, of sentinels, etc.), a body-guard, an escort
3. The post or station of a picket, of a guard, etc., a military post or sta
tion : in prsesidiis eratis, you were in the camp (with the army), Gc
5. Aid, assistance, protection (of any kind).
praesignifico. as. r. a. To indicate beforehand, to freshen.
§presignis. e. adj. Eminently distinguished, conspicuous.
Sprsesouo. as, ni, itum. r. a. To stand before.
•f-gpraespargo. is, si, stun. r. a. To sprinkle or scatter before (c dat. of the
more remote object).
praestabilis, e. adj. 1. Excellent, distinguished, preeminent. 2. IV
sirable.
preestans, antis. part b. proesto ; more usu. as adj. c. eompar., etc 1. Ex
cellent, superior, preeminent, surpassing (often c dat.). 2. Good, de
sirable.
proestantia. as. /. Excellence, superiority, preeminence : pnestantia virtotis,
preeminence in virtue, Cic; pnestantia animantium reliquorum, superiority
over all other creatures, Cic
prxstcs. itis. m.f. (an epithet of deities). Protector, patron, guardian.
praestigise, arum. pL f. Jugglers' tricks, tricks, trickery : verborum pne-
stigiffi, verbal fallacies, fallacious use of words, Cic ; non per prsstigial sed
palam, not by any secret manoeuvres but openly, Cic
tpraDstinguo. is. nxi. ctuin. r. a. To extinguish, to obscure.
prestltuo, is, ui, utum. r. a. To appoint beforehand, or previously.
prsesto. as, stiti, stltum and statum. v. a. 1. To stand in front, i. e. to he
excellent, eminent, distinguished. 2. To excel, to surpass, to be superior to
(c. ace). 3. To be surety for, to be responsible for: [the judge decides]
emptori damnum praestari oportere, that he was bound to be answerable to
the buyer for the damage, Cic. ; ut nihili in vita nobis praestandum pneter
culpam putemus, that we need only think ourselves answerable for our on
faults, Cic ; omnes socios salvos praatare poteramus, we were able to sourer
for the safety of all our allies, Cic. ; ego tibi a vi pneitare nihil possum, I
can by no means warrant your security from violence, Cic 4. To ralrU,
discharge, perform, do, execute : ne quern ejus pceniteret praestiti, I pre
vented any one from having cause to repent it, Liv. 5. To exhibit, to
display (conduct, feelingn, etc.), to show, to give, to pay (honour, etc):
catena: nrmatorum paucioribus tcrga prssstare, troops of armed men began
to flee before smaller numbers, Tac 6. presto me, to behave: s»
prsestitit invictam, it (my mind) has shown itself invincible. 7. pt*-
Stat (as e. impcrt.), it is better, it is preferable.
 PR.ffi 411
presto, adv. At hand, present, ready, either to serve or to oppose : prasto
nraltit fuit, he was at the service of, he assisted many persons : si quis mihi
presto fuerit cum armatis hominibus, if any one opposed me with armed men,
Cic.
. pnestdlor, aria. r. dtp. To wait for, to await, to expect (c dat. or c. ace).
przstringo, is, inxi, ictum. v. a. 1. To bind closely, to bind up, to
bind. 2. To blunt, to weaken, to dull.
prastruo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1 . To build up in frout, to blook up, to stop
up. 1. To make or prepare beforehand.
praesultator, oris, m., and prsesultor, oris. m. A leader of the dance in re
ligious ceremonies, a public dancer.
prasulto, as. r. n. To dance before, or in front of (c. dat.).
prtesum, es, fni (see sum). 1. To be set over, to preside over, rule over,
superintend, manage, to have the charge of. 2. To take the lead. 3.
jjTo protect (c. dat.) : severe prafu.it ei potestati, he exercised that power
with seveiity, Ncp.
prsesumo, is, mpsi, mptum. v. a. 1 To take first, to be the first to take,
to take before (sometimes c. dat of the more remote object). 2. To take
in advance, to anticipate, to imagine beforehand, to spend beforehand, to
perform beforehand. 3. To foresee : ut prasumptum habeant, that they
may take it for granted (that so and so is the case), Tac.
prsesumptio, onis./ 1. The major premiss in a syllogism. 2. JAnti-
d pat ion.
prsesno, is, ui, utum. v. a. To sow np in, to cover over.
prastego, is, xi. ctum. v. a. To cover, to shelter.
prsetendo, is, di, turn. v. a. 1 . To stretch before, out, or forward, to hold
out. 2. To spread before, hold before, place in front of (c. dat. of the
more remote object): prastentaque naribus sera, and brass was spread over
their nostrils, their nostrils were tipped with brass, Ov. 3. To prefix.
4. To allege as a reason, as a plea, as a pretext, as an excuse : necconjugis
unqnam praetendi tajdas, nor have I ever held myself out to you as your
husband, Virg. 5. (In pass.) To be in front of, to be opposite to (c. dat.).
pratento, as. t>. a. To try beforehand, to examine previously, to prove (by
trying) : pnetentatque manu sylvas, and he (Polyphemus) feels his way
through the woods with his hand, Ov. ; pnetentat pollice chordas, she pre
ludes upon the strings with her fingei, Ov.
pratentus, a, um. pari. pass. fr. pratendo, q. v.
ipraetepeo. es, ni, no sup. v. n. To glow previously (of love), (c in and abl
of the object).
prater, prep. c. ace. 1. By, past, in front of (after a verb of motion),
before, along. 2. Beyond (i. e. contrary to) : prater spem, contrary to
one's hopes ; prater naturam, in a supernatural manner, Cic. ; prater mo-
dum, in an extraordinary degree, Cic. 3. Beyond, more than : Argo-
nautas prater omnes candidum Medea mirata est ducem, Medea admired
their handsome chief more than all the rest of the Argonauts, Hor. 4,
Beside*, in addition to. 5. Besides, except.
Spraterago, is, Sgi, actum. To drive by (c. ace).
praterea. adv. 1. Besides, further, in addition, moreover. 2. Here
after.
praUreo, is, Ivi, itum. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To pass by, to pass away,
to pass (as a person, an event, time, etc.). 2. (v. a.) To pass by, go by
(c ace.). 3. To escape the notice of. 4. To pass over, pass by, leave
out, omit to mention, neglect, forget. 5. To surpass, to excel.
prseterfero, fers, tuli, latum, v. a. To carry by ; in pass., to pass by (esp.
ridinfr or driving, c. ace).
praewrfluo, is, xi, xum. v. n. To glide by, to glide away, disappear.
praetergredior, eris, gressus sum. v. dtp. 1. To walk by, march by
(e. ace). 2. JTo march beyond, to cross (borders). 3. To surpass.
preterltus, a, um. part. pass. fr. pratereo (which, however, can have no
passive voice) ; used as adj. Past (of events, time, etc.) : fas est praterito
412 PR.cE
temper amajre Tirot, one may ulnars regard the dead with affection, Prop.;
n. pi. as sulist., the past, put times, prist event*.
praeterlabor, eris, lapsus sum. v. dtp. 1. To glide by, to anil past, to
flow past (c. ace). 2. To slip away, to pass away.
prseterlatus, a, um. pari. pass. fr. preterfero.
Stprffitermeo, as. v. it. (in tmeti). To pass by, to go by.
prastermissio, onis. / 1. An omitting, an omission. 2. A passing
over, a neglecting.
praetermitto, is, misi, missum. v. a. 1. To let go by, to let pass (tine,
etc.). 2. To omit, to neglect. 3. To past over, omit to mention, to
leave out 4. +To overlook (an error), to permit, to allow.
praeterquam. adv. (sometimes in tmesi). Besides that, except that, besides,
except.
t§praetcrrado, if, si, sum. r. a. To grate or scrape along.
praetervectio, buii.f. A passing by, esp. riding, driving, or sailing.
prcetervchor, eris, vectus sum. c. past. 1. To pass by, driving, ridii>c,
or sailing (metaph. of an orator passing by a topic, c ace.). 2. £Te
pass by on foot.
pratervolo, as. r. a. 1. To fly by (metaph. to slip by), to escape the notice
of. 2. To pass over (a topic) in a cursory manner.
prsstezo, is, ui, xtum. r. a. 1. To fringe, to adorn as or with a fringe
(lit and metaph.) : littora curvce prsetexunt puppet, the curved ships cover
the edge of the shore like a fringe, Virg.; utraeque nationes Rheno pre-
texuntur, both nations have the Rhine on their front (are bounded by the
Rhine), Tac. 2. To provide, to furnish, with (esp. in an ornamental
manner) : prstexat fastigia charts . . . litem, let a letter ornament tbr top
of the paper, Tib. 3. To allege as a pretext, plea, excuse. 4. fib
cloak over, to excuse.
prsetexta, se. / ; also toga preetexta. 1. The outer garment bordered
with purple worn by the superior magistrates, and by freeborn children till
they were of age to assume the toga virilis. 2. A tragedy derived frott
Roman history, and representing Roman characters.
praetcxtatus. a, um. adj. 1. Wearing the prsetexta. 2. Youthful,
young, below the age for assuming the toga virilis : prsetextata cullus ami-
citia, having been regarded by me with friendship from my early youth,
Mart.; praetextati mores, profligate habits, Juv.
Jpraetextum, i. n. A pretext, a pretence, a plea.
pratextus, a, tun. part. pass, of prastexo ; also §as adj. Wearing the
prastexta.
Jpraetextus, fts. m. 1. A pretext \ plea. 2. Outward appearance,
show.
protlmeo, es, ui, no tup. v. n. To fea. K forehand, to fear.
Jjpreetingo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. To steep or dip beforehand.
praetor, oris. m. 1. A chief, a chief magistrate, a president, a eoranwnder
(of foreign armies ; not used of Roman generals). 2. A praetor, the
Roman magistrate charged esp. with the administration of justice, first
chosen a. u. c. 388. There were two : pnetor urbanus, to decide causes
between Roman cit'zent ; pnetor pcregriuus, between strangers. 3.
(Less correctly) A propraetor, i. e. one who, after having been a enter,
was sent to a province as governor.
Jpraet6rianu3, a, um. adj. Belonging to the praetorian guard.
praetoricus, a, urn, adj. Given by the praetor.
Ipratorium, i. n. 1. The general's tent, §the cell of the queen bee, or
king bee, as Virg. thought it. 2. A council of war (as being held in the
general's tent). 3. The official residence of the governor of a province.
4. JA palace, a splendid house, a fine country teat. 5. JThe body-guard
of the emperor's, the praetorian guard.
prsetoriuB, a, um. adj. 1. Of or belonging to the praetor, praetorian:
pras'.oria comitia, the coraitia for the election of the pnetor, Liv. ; jot
praetorium, the law as laid down by the praetor; what is received as law by
 PRJl-PRA 413
lie collection of cases decided by the praetor, Cic. 5. Of or belonging to
• propraetor. 3. Of or belonging to a commniider-in-jhief by either land
or sea: prsetoria cohors, tho generaP» bodyguard, Cic; prsetoria navis, the
flagship. Lit.; praetorium imperium, the chief command, Cic. ; praHoria
porta, the gate in a Roman camp in front of the general's tent, and leading
directly towards the enemy, Cic; m. as subst, a man of praetorian rank,
one who haa been praetnr.
jpratrepldana, antis. adj. Quivering with impatience.
pratrepldus, a, tun. adj. Disquieted, harassed, anxious.
pratura, a?./ The office of prstor, the pretorship.
Jprarambrans, antis. adj. Overshadow (sine c).
prasuro, is, nssi, ustum. r. a. To burn at the tip (in order to harden).
tpraut. adv. In comparison with.
pravaleo, es, ui, no sup. v. n. 1. To be very atrong, Tcry powerful. 2.
To be stronger, to prevail (aa opinions, etc.), to have the greater influence.
3. To prevail over (c. abl., only once in Phiedr.).
praevalidus. a, ■"" adj. 1. Very strong, powerful, vigorous, too strong.
1 * Prevalent (habits, etc.).
pravaricatio, onis./r Collusion, or the treacherous abandonment of his
client's cause by an advocate.
pravaricator, oris. m. A man guilty of prasvaricatio.
prsvaricor, aria. ». dtp. To be guilty of praevaricatio : praevoricari accu-
lationi videbatur, he appeared to be collusively favouring the prosecution
(opp. to defendere), Cic.
pravehor, eris, vectus sum. v. pass. To pass by, to pass in front of (even
of arrows or of rivers).
pravenio, is, veni, ventuni (sometimes in tmesi). v. a. To come before,
get lefore, get the start of, anticipate; sometimes to anticipate so as to
prevent, to hinder : nt, nisi praeveniretur Agrippina pcreundum Nerc ni
esset, so that Nero must have perished if Agrippina had not died first,
Tac; terapus reminiscetur quod non praeventum morte fuisse dolet, he
recollects the time which he grieves was not anticipated, i. c. prevented
from existing to him, Ov.
Ipraverro, ia, ri, no sup. v. a. To brush, to sweep.
pravcrto, ia, ti lam. v. a. 1. To prefer. 2. To anticipate bo as to
prevent, to hinder, to render useless. 3. To anticipate by attacking
first. 4. §To preoccupy. 5. To do first, i. e. before something else,
to do in preference : nee posse bello praevertisse quidquain, nor was it pos
sible for them to attend to anything before war, Liv. 6. §To outstrip.
7. (Inpast. like S and 6) : illuc praevertamur, let us turn to this topic, Hot. ;
praeverti ad Armenioa instantior cura fuit, the necessity of first directing
his attention to the Armenians was more pressing, Tac; and as pass.
imprrs. : huic rei prasvertendum [sc. sibij existimavit, he thought that he
must attend to this matter first, Cass.
praevldeo, es, vldi, visum, v. a. To foresee.
fprsvltio, as. r. a. To corrupt beforehand.
iprarius, a, um. adj. Lending the way for, acting as harbinger to (c. dat.).
pravolo. as. v. n. To fly before, to fly in advance.
pragmitlcus, a, um. [rparyfui.] Skilled in or occupied with political affairs t
pragnwtici homines, politicians, Cic; si quid pragmaticnm habes, scribe, if
you have any political views, write to me, Cic; m. as subst., an attorney, a
lawvor who prepares a brief for an advocate.
pr&ndco, es, di, sum. v. n. To eat breakfast or luncheon, to breakfast, to
lunch (sometimes c ace. of the food).—See pransus.
prandium, i. n. 1. Breakfast, luncheon. 2. §Any meal.
pransus, a, um. part. pass, of prandeo in act. sense. 1. Having break
fasted : ut viri pransi essent, that the men might have their breakfast, Liv.
2. Having made a large breakfast, overfed.
Jpraalnus, a, um, adj. [woiow.] 1. Of the colour of a leek, light green.
414 PR A — PEE
2. Belonging to the party of charioteers dreued in that colour at the chariot
race*,
pratensis, e. adj. Of, from or grown in meadow*
pratum, i. ».; dim. pratfilum, in. 1. A meadow. 2 (SMetaph.)
Any field (even of the sea). 3. §Meadow-grau, gran.
prave. adv. In a bad manner, ill, wrongly, amiss, crookedly, awry.
pravltas, atis./I 1. Irregularity, crookedness, distortion, malformation.
2. Perversity, pcrvcrseness, wrougness of feeling or conduct, impropriety,
depravity.
pravus, a, run. adj. 1. Crooked, misshapen, ill-formed, distorted. 2.
Perverse, improper, wrong, depraved, vicious.
precario. adv. 1. By or with entreaty. 2. In a submissive manner :
humilis precario, humbling himself by condescending to entreaty, Tac
precarius, a, urn. adj. 1. Obtained or to be obtained by entreaty, saved
(as life) by entreaty. 2. § Precarious, uncertain.
pr&catio, 6ni«./ Prayer, entreaty.
+precator, oris. m. One who entreats, an intercessor for another.
preces.—See prex.
precis, arum. A species of wine.
precor, arij. r. dcp. 1 . To pray to, to supplicate, to address with prayer
(c. ace pers., or (rare) c. ad and ace ; sometimes also c. ace of the prayer
uttered, or of the wish expressed). 2. To entreat earnestly, to beseech,
to beg. 3. To pray for, i. e. to desire earnestly.
prehendo and Sprendo, is, di, sum. r. a. 1. To take bold of, to grasp,
to seize. 2. To lay hold of, to detain. 3. To catch, overtake, a
detect (c. gen. of the act in which). 4. To take in with the eye x
mind, to surrey, to comprehend.
prehensio, onis.y: A machine for taking hold of and raising, a kind e:
crane or windlas3.
prehenso and §prenso, as. v. a. 1. To take hold of, grasp, seize. '-■
To lay hold of, to detain. 3. To take by the hand in soliciting a fsvtsr,
To canvass.
prelum, i. a. A wine press, an oil press.
premo, is, pressi, pressnm. v. a. 1. To press, to press heavily on, to pws
down, weigh down, to crush (in any way, by setting or lying on, by biiior,
by holding fist, etc): ubera plena premam, may I press, i. e. milk full udden,
Ov. ; quod die mulsere . . . nocte premunt, the milk they have taken by
day they press into cheese in the evening, Virg.; pressi copia lactis, plenty
of cheese, Virg.; vina Torquato consule prcssa, wine made (in the wint
press) in the consulship of Torquatus, Hor. -. To load heavily, t»
freight heavily, to burden. 3. To cover by pressing down, to hide, Is
conceal, to bury (lit. and metaph.). 4. To press closely on, to purase
closely. 5. To press upon, to urge, to attack vigorously, to embarrass,
to distress. 6. To press close together, to close : laqueo collom pn»
sisse patemum, (if any one should say) that I had strangled my father,
Hor. ; oscula per longas jungere pressa moras, to give me kisses pressed en
my lips for a long time, Ov. 7. To press heavily down so as to w»
into something else : dentes in vite premens, biting the vine, Virg.; qoecsB-
que premes virgulta per agros, whatever young trees you plant in the fields,
Virg. ; cubito remanete presso, remain with your (quiet) elbows leaning ea
the couch, Hor.; sulcumque sibi premat ipsa carina, let the ship berseu
make herself a furrow (by tearing up the ground as she runs ashore), ^u|.
8. To depress to sink, to lower. 9. To disparage, depreciate, undervalue.
1 0. To suppress, repress : sub imo corde premit gemitnm, he stint* s
groan in the depths of his heart, Virg. 11. To draw in, to confine, to
tighten (reins, etc.) : premant Calena falce . . . vitem, let them confine t»»
■vine with a pruning knife of Cales, i. e. prune the vines of Cales, H*>
falce premes umbras, you will curtail the shady branches with a knifci
Virg. 1 2. To put into close form, to compreaa (an argument, ttcy
13. § To press upon (as a master), to rule, to govern, to be lord of. '*•
 PRE— PR I 415
§To be superior to, to surpass : pressi multo membra mero, overcome (forced
to lie down) by much wine, Prop. ; aeterna res ea pressi nota, the circum
stance was stamped with an everlasting brand, Ov.; Hispanos presso gradu
iBcedere jubet, he orders the Spanish troops to advance slowly, Li v.;
pressoque legit vestigia gretsu, he follows her track with a step closely pur
suing her, Ov.; sic efiatus vestigia pressit, having spoken thus, he stopped,
Virg.—See pressus,
prendo, prenao.—See prehendo, prehenso.
prensatio, onis. f. Taking hold by the hand, canvassing.
pxensus, a, in. part. pass. fr. prehendo, q. v.
presse. adv. 1. Closely, accurately (of argument, etc.). 2. (Of style)
Concisely, briefly. 3. (Of pronunciation) Distinctly.
? presso, as. v. a. To press.
pressus, us. m. 1. Pressure, pressing. 2. Compression.
pressus, a, run. part. pass, of premo, q. v.; also as adj. (c. compar., etc.).
• 1. (Of style, etc) Compressed, concise. 2. (Of pronunciation, etc.) In
distinct (Cic. post Red. in Sen. 6.), distinct, clear (do N. D. II. 59.).
tfprester, iris. ?n. [rprtariip.] A fiery whirlwind.
pretiose. adv. In a costly manner, expensively.
pretidssj, a, tun. adj. 1. Valuable, precious. 2. Costly, expensive.
3. ^Giving a great price, extravagant.
pretium, L «. 1. Worth, value, price: pretium res habet ista, that thing
is of value, Ov.; sive aliquod morum seu vitas tabe carentis est pretium,
or if there be any value in pure manners and a stainless life, Ov. ; pnrvo
pretio, (to buy or sell) chesply, Ov. 2. A reward, a prize, a recom
pense, pay, hire, wages : peccare nefas, aut pretium eniori, thinking it
impious to be unchaste, and death the fit punishment for such error,
Hor.; pretio judicem corrompere, to corrupt a judge by bribery, Cic;
fixit leges pretio atque refixit, he made and unmade laws for bribes,
Virg. 3. §Money, riches : converso in pretium Deo, [a way open] to
the God when changed into a shower of gold, Hor. ; in pretio pretium
nunc est, now riches (alone) are valued ; est operas pretium, it is worth
while, Hor. ; facturusne opera; pretium sim, whether what I am about
to do will be worth doing, Liv.; Germanico pretium fuit converters ag-
men, Gennanicus thought it worth while to change his order of march,
Tac; si opera; pretium faciat, if he thought it worth while, Liv.; quales
ex hie die experiundo cognovit perinde opera eorum pretium faceret, (he
would beg him) to judge of the value of their services by his experience of
their behaviour this day, Liv. But sometimes operas pretium is used in
the natural sense of the words ; opera; pretium habent libertatem, they
have their freedom as the reward of their exertions, Liv.
prex, precis. / (nom. snd gen. sing, not used). Prayer, entreaty. 2.
Imprecation, curse (rare). 3. i; Intercession.
Priameius, a, tun. Of Priam king of Troy (esp. as son or daughter of
Priam). Priimldei, ae. m., son of Priam (esp. Paris, etc.). Priamels,
Idis.yi, daughter of Priam (esp. Cassandra).
pridem. adv. Some time ago, long ago (most usu. with a negative): non ita
pridem, not very long sgo, Cic. etc
pridie. adv. The day before (sometimes c. gen. or c. ace).
f'primaevus, a, urn. adj. In the first bloom of youth, youthful.
;primanus, a, tun. adj. Belonging to the first legion.
primarius, a, am, adj. Chief, principal, most excellent.
tsprlmigenus, a, um. adj. First : dies primigenus maris, the birthday of
the sea, the day On which it was first made, Lucr.
primipilna, i. m. The chief centurion of the triarii, the chief centurion in a
leci'-n, called also priraipili centurio.
primitive, arum. pi./. First fruits, the first produce, the beginning of any
thing: primitia; juvenis miseras, the melancholy first attempt of the youth,
Virg.
primltu. adr. First, first of all.
416 PRI
primo. adv. At first, first.
primordium, 1 n. [primus, ordior.] The beginning, commencement
prinioris, is. adj. 1. The first 2. The foremost, the front, that
which is at the extremity: qua isti ne primoribus quidcm labris attigis-
•ent, which those men would not hare touched with even the akin of their
lips (i. e. in the most slight degree), Cic 3. Chief, principal, most im
portant, esp. most nobly bom; m. pi. as mist., nobles, great men.
tprimulum. ah: At first, first.
primum. adv. In the first place, first, at first, first of all, at the beginning.
primus, a. urn. adj., prop, superl. fr. prior, q. v. 1. First, the first: primi
sub lumine solis, at the light of the earliest dawn, Virg. Z The fore
most, that which is at the end or extremity of anything, outermost 3.
Principal, chief, best, most excellent : action! prim.is (partes, sc.) dedisse
Demosthenes dicitur, Demosthenes is said to have attributed the first place
to action, Cic; oppidum inprimis Siciliss clarura, the most splendid of
Sicilian cities, Cic; homo inprimis iinprobissimus, the most infamous cf
men, Cic. ; prima virorum, the noblest of men, Lucr. ; primi urbis, the chief
men of the city, Hor.
princeps, ipis. adj. m. f. 1. First (in order, etc), foremost 2. Chief,
most important, principal. 3. Most eminent most distinguished, most
noble : princeps senatus, the first m:m called over by the censor on the roll
of the senate ; principes sententianim consulates, the men of consular rank
who were asked their opinions first, Lucr. m. as subsL 1. A chief,
a leader, the founder of a family or of a sect 2. A ruler, a prince, a
sovereign, an emperor. 3. (In pi.) The second line of soldiers, between
the hastati and the triurii : signura primi principis, the standard of the first
company of the principes, Liv. ; princeps tenia legionis, the centurion of
the principes of the third legion, Liv. ; a Marco Acilio mihi priuuu
princeps prions centuries est ntsignatus, the first centurionship of the
principes wns assigned to me by M. Acilius, Liv.
principalis, e. adj. 1. First, original. 2. Chief, principal. 3. *0f
or belonging to the prince, to the emperor.
princlpatus. us. in. 1. The first place, the chief rank or importance,
the preeminence. 2. The post of commander-in-chief. 3. JD*.
minion, sovereignty.
+§princlpialis, e. adj. From the beginning, original.
principium, L n. 1. A beginning, commencement, origin. 2. A prin
ciple, a first principle. 3. (In pi.) The foremost or front rank of an
army. 4. (In pi.) A large open space in a camp where the standards
and tents of the chief officers were, and where speeches were made : Gratcia
principium moris fuit, Greece was the inventor of the custom, Ov.
prior, oris, compur.adj., no pos. 1. Former, previous, prior (in point of
time). 2. In front before (in point of place). 3. Better, superior ;
m.pi. as mbst., men of old, the ancients, former generations.—See primus.
prisce. adv. In an old fashioned manner, with old fashioned rigour.
prisons, a, urn, adj. 1. Ancient antique, belonging to, or existing in the
olden time. 2. § Former : prisca Venus, our former love, Hor. 3.
§01d fashioned, esp. strict, rigorous.
pristinus, a, um. adj. Former, early, pristine : die! pristini porf.dia, the
treachery ef yesterday, Cffis.
pristis —See pistris.
prius. adv. 1. Before, sooner. 2. §Formerly. 3. Rather.
priusquam (often in tmesi). adv. 1. Bef to that, until. 2. Rather loin.
privans, antis. part. fr. privo ; n. pU as subtly privative*.
privatum, adv. 1. Privately, as an individual. 2. In private, in
privacy; nee privatim se t'liuit, nor did he stay at home, Liv.
prlvatio, onis./ A taking away, removal, deprivation.
privates, a, um. part. pass. fr. privo; used as adj. Private, (as property, i. e.)
belonging
privatum,
to a as
private
svhst.,individual
also privatus
: privati
vir. homines,
1 . A private
private
individual
persons,(i.Cic;
e. a
 PR I — PRO 417
pmon invested with no office). 2. JNot belonging to the imperial
family : taberne qn.is vendidit in privatum, simps which he sold for the
use of individuals, Liv. ; ex private, out of one's private property, Liv.;.
in privato, privately, Liv.
privignna, i. m., privigna, as. /. A stepson, a stepdaughter.
privileginm, i. n. 1. A law enacted against a single individual. 2.
* A law passed in favour of an individual or of a state, a privilege.
privo, ag. v. a. 1. To deprive (c. abl.). 2. To release, to deliver.
tSpriYns, a, urn. Single.
pro. prep. (c. abl.). 1. Before, in front of, in the presence of. 2. On
the front of, on, in: stabat pro littore diversa acies, a very different array
stood on the edge of the shore, Tac. ; simultutes pro magistratu cxercere, to
give vent to his enmities while in office, Liv. 3. For, in defence of,
for the sake of, for the benefit of, on account of. 4. For, in the place of,
instead of, in the light of : omnia pro veris credam, I will look on it all as
true, Ov. ; nt vix pro sano nuntius audiretur, so that the messenger was
listened to as if he were scarcely in his senses, Liv. 5. In proportion to,
according to : quicquid agas agere pro viribus (decet), whatever you do you
should do in proportion to (i. e. with all) your strength, Cic; pro virili
parte, to the best of one's ability, Cic. ; proelium atrocius quam pro nu-
mero pugnnntium fuit, the battle was severe out of all proportion to the
number of combatants, Liv.; ut consilium pro tempore et pro re caperet,
that he might decide as occasions and events should require, Cass.; pro eo
ut, or pro eo quantum and £§pro quam, in proportion as; pro eo quod,
because ; pro eo ac si, just as it.
pro or p oh. inlerj. Oh! alas!
proagoras, i. m. [vpoiiyopos.] The title of the chief magistrate in some of
the towns of Sicily.
Iproivltus, a, um. adj. Belonging to one's great-grandfather, ancestral.
proavus, i. m. 1. A great-grandfather. 2. An ancestor, a forefather.
probabllis, e. adj. 1. That may be proved, or believed, probable. 2.
That may be approved, agreeable, commendable, good.
probabTlitaa, atia. f. Probability, credibility.
probabiliter. adv. With probability, in a probable or plausible manner.
probatio, onis. f. 1. A trial, an inspection. 2. Approval. 3. % Proof.
probator, oris. w. One who approves of, a commender.
probatus, a, tun. part. pass. fr. probo, q. v. ; also as adj., c compar. etc.
1. Tried, tested, of approved goodness. 2. Agreeable, acceptable.
probe, adv. 1. Rightly, well, properly. 2. Thoroughly.
probitas, atia. f. Honesty, probity, uprightness.
probo, aa. v. a. 1. To try, to test, to prove, to judge of. 2. To approve
of, to praise. 3. To recommend, to render acceptable. 4. To prove
(L e. demonstrate, show, make credible : et patrio pater esse metu probor,
and I am proved to be your father by my fatherly anxiety, Ov. ; quibus de-
meo celeri reditu non probabam, whom I could not couyince of my speedy ;i
return, Cic
probrosus, a, tun. adj. 1. Shameful, disgraceful, ignominious. 2. J?a-
tirical, abusive (of writings, etc.).
Pribram, i. ». LA disgraceful act. 2. Licentiousness, nnchastity.
3. Disgrace, reproach, ignominy, dishonour, infamy. 4. Reproachful,
insulting language, a reproach, abuse : vita rustica quam tu probro ct cri-
mini putaa esse oportere, a country life which you think ought to be con
sidered as reproach to and a crime in a man, Cic.
probua, a, am. adj. 1. Well disposed, honest, upright, virtuous. 2.
Good in any way, skilful, sound, in good condition (even of a boat).
piocacltaa, atis./ Impudence, forwardness (in making a request etc).
procaciter. adv. Impudently, audaciously, (esp. of making requests) pertly.
prSeaz, Icis. atlj. 1. Forward, impudent (in making requests). 2.
Shameless, wnnton. 3. Abusive. 4. §Wanton, stormy (of the wind).
procedo, ia, cessi, sum. r. n. 1. To go forward, to go on before, to pro-
EE
418 PRO
ceed, to advance, to move onwards, to go. 2. To go on, to pass, to elapse
(of time). 3. To advance, i. e. make progress (in an undertaking).
4. To rise, to be promoted, to become greater : si state processerit, if he
should grow older, Cic. 5. To turn out, to result 6. To turn out
well, to succeed (of a business, not of a person). 7. To be of service to
(c. dat, rare) : illi procedit rerura mensura tuarum, the greatness of your
exploits passes over to her (i. e. the credit of them is hers), Ov.; nunc volo
subducto gravior procedere vultu, from henceforth I wish to go on in a more
dignified manner, with a grave countenance. Prop.
procella, ee. f. A storm, a tempest (lit. and metaph.) : procellie ciriles,
civil commotions, Nep.; procella temporis, stormy times, Cic; equestrum
procellam ezcitemus oportet, we must charge them with a whirlwind of
cavalry (lit we must stir up a storm of cavalry), Liv.
precellosus. a, am. adj. Stormy, tempestuous.
proceres, urn. pi. in. (sing, procer, only in Juv.). Chiefs, nobles.
procere. adv. To a great length, long.
proceritas, atis. f. 1. Tall stature, height, tallncss. 2. Length (of
the limbs of any animal).
procerus, a, nm. adj. 1. Tall. 2. Long (of the limbs of any animal,
also of a metrical foot) : proceris palmis, with outstretched hands, Cat
processio, orris. y: A moving onward, an advance.
processus, us. m. 1. A going forward, advance, progress (in any sense).
2. Progress (i. e. improvement). 3. Success,
proeido, is, cidi, no Bup. r. it. [cado.] To fall down, to fill,
procinctus, us. m. A being girt up, a being ready for action : neqae in pro-
cinctu et castris habiti, not being retained in the camp ready fur service,
Tac. ; in procinctu testamentum facere, to make a will in the field of battle,
Cic. ; in procinctu, ready at hand, Quint
proclamator, oris. m. A bawler, a mere loud speaker.
proclamo, as. r. a. To speak or say loudly, to bawl out, to holloa out
procllno, as. v. a. To bend forward, incline, direct forward : prodinati
jam re, now that matters were in a tottering condition, Cass.
proclive. adv. 1. Downward. 2. Easily, rapidly,
proclivis, e, and t§pr5cllvns, a. tun. adj. 1. Sloping, downhill, steei
(of a hill, path, etc.). 2. Descending, downwards (of a course, etcjL
3. Inclined, disposed (usu. to a downward, i. e. a bad course, but not
always) (c. ad and ace +a dat.). 4. Easy —n. as subst., a descent, a
downward path: pelli per proclive, to be forced downhill, Liv.; alii
omnia in proclivi crunt, every thing else will be easy, Sail.
procllvltas, atis. / 1. A descent, a steep path. 2. Tendency, pro
pensity, inclination (especially to a downward or bad course).
proconsul, ulis. m. A Proconsul (i. e. one who at the end of his consulship
goes to a foreign province as governor) ; (sometimes, instead of a decliaible
noun, we find the form Pro Consuls : Pro Consule in Ciliciam pronciseens,
going as Proconsul into Cilicia, Cic.
proconsularis, e. adj. 1. Proconsular, of or belonging to a Proconsul:
quid nam illi consules facturi cssent, qui proconsularem imaginem tarn srevata
ac trucem fecerint ? what would they have done if tbey had been consuls,
when they had made this copy of the consulship (i. e. their office of military
tribune) so severe and cruel ? Liv.
JproconsQiatus, us. m. A Proconsulship, the office of ProconsuL
procrastlnatio, orris./. Procrastination.
procrastino, as. v. a. To pnt off till to-morrow, to put off, to procrastinate.
procreatio, onis.y". Procreation, begetting.
procreator, oris. m. 1. A father, a parent. 2. A creator.
procreatrix, icis. f. A mother (lit and metaph.).
prooreo, as. v. a. To beget, to generate, to be the father or parent of : u>
bunatus cujus primum ortum inter anna cirium procreatuna videmus, the
tribuneship, the first commencement of which we see was originated at a
time of civil discord, Cic.
 PRO 419
+?procresco, is, crevi v. n. 1. To spring np, to arise. 2. To
increase.
§procubo, as, ui, Itnm. v. n. To lie extended, to be stretched or spread out.
procfido, is, di, sum. v. a. 1. fTo drive forward. 2. To forge, to
make on an anvil. 3. To sharpen, to point (lit. and metaph.). 4.
§To produce, to contrive.
procul. adv. At a distance, a great way off, far off, afar, far away (some
times c. abl.): procul negotiis, not harassed by business, 11 or. ; procul
errant, they ate widely mistaken, Sail.
proculco, as. v. a. 1. To trample down, to tread down. 2. JTo
trample on, i. e. to despise, to treat with disdain.
proeumbo, is, cubui, Hum. e. «. 1. To fall forward, to fall (as a
wounded or 6lain soldier). 3. To prostrate oneself (as a suppliant).
3. To lean forward, to lean : [he said] sibi tres legiones procubuisse, that
three legions had fallen before (been defeated by) him, Tac ; olli certamiue
summo procumbunt, they bend on their oars with great zeal, Virg.
procuratio, dnis./". 1. The having charge of, superintendence, manage
ment, administration. 2. An expiation, a sacrifice to avert, a bad omen :
maximeque existimationis mese procurationem susceptam velim habeas,
and most especially I wish you would undertake the care of my re
putation, Cic.
procurator, oris. m. 1. A manager, overseer, superintendant. 2. A
steward, a bailiff. 3. fA collector of revenue : procurator regni, a
recent or viceroy, Cass.
procuratrix, Icis./ A protectress.
procuro, as. v. a. 1. To take care of, attend to, manage, superintend.
2. To avert (bad omens) by expiatory sacrifice : procuratum est, an eipia-
tory sacrifice was offered, Liv.
procurro, is, ri, rsum. v. n. 1. To run forward, to rush forward. 2.
To advance. 3. To project, to fit out
procursatio, onis./ Skirmishing, a skirmishing charge,
procursator, oris. m. (in pi.). Skirmishers.
procurso, as. v. a. To make a skirmishing sally (in pass, impcrs.).
procursus, us. m. A sally, a charge.
;procurvus, a, urn. adj. Crooked, curved, winding.
procus. i. m. A wooer, a suitor.
Procyon, onis. m. [wpb Kvtbv.] A star that rises before the Dogstar.
-fprodcambulo, as. v. n. To walk about,
prodeo, is, Ivi, 5 turn, v. n. 1. To go or come forth. 2. To project.
3. To come forward, i. e. to show oneself, to appear in public, to be seen.
4. To advance, to make progress : r.e ad extremum prodeatur, not to proceed
to extremities, Cic.
prodesse.—Ser prosum.
prodlco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To say beforehand, to foretell, to predict
2. To appoint beforehand : ut diem ipsi prodicerent, so that of their own
accord they postponed the day of trial, Liv.
prodictator, oris. m. A vice-dictator.
prodlge. adv. With prodigality, lavishly, extravagantly.
^prodlgentia, SB./. Extravagance, prodigality.
prodigialiter. adv. In a strange or prodigious manner.
prodigiosus, a, tun, adj. Unnatural, marvellous, full of prodigies.
prddigium, i. n. 1. A prodigy, a portent, a prophetic, sign. 2. A
monster.
prodigo. is, Sgi, actum. t\ a. To squander, to lavish.
prodigus, a, um. adj. 1. Lavish, prodigal. 2. Producing liberally,
abundantly (as the earth does crops) : arcanique fides prodiga, and confi
dence despising secrets, Hor.
prodltio, onis./ Betrayal, treachery, treason.
proditor, oris. m. A betrayer, a traitor.
prodo, is, dldi, dltum. c. a. 1. To give forth, put forth, bring forth, pro
E K 2
420 PRO
duce : prodendi exempli can*!, for the sake of publishing a warning, Lir.
2. To hand down (an account), to relate, to record : quos natos in insula
ipsa memoria proditum dicunt, whom they say, according to tradition,
were born in the island itself (lit., as to whom they say it has been handed
down by tradition that they were born, etc), Caes. 3. To announce
publicly the appointment of, i. e. to appoint, to elect (a magistrate, etc.).
4. To betray, i. e. reveal, make known. 5. To betray treacherously,
to be a traitor to. 6. To surrender. 7. To hand down, transmit
(to posterity, etc.). 8. §To propagate.
§prodoceo, es, ui, ctum. v. a. To teach, to inculcate.
prodromal, L »«. [irp6Spouos.] 1. A forerunner. 2. A north-east
wind, usually coming a few days before the rising of the Dogstar.
produco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead or bring forth, out, onward, or
forward, to lead, to bring. 2. To produce, to exhibit (as an actor does
on the stage, or for sale). 3. To place in front of (c dat, of the more
remote object). 4. To bring forward, i. e. to advance, to promote, to
cause to grow. 5. To draw on, lead on, to amuse (with hopes, etc).
6. To induce. 7. To protract, to prolong, to lengthen, to pronounce (a
syllable long). 8. §To pass (time). 9. To postpone, to adjourn.
10. To beget, to be the parent of. 11. JTo educate, to instruct : nee te
tua funeru mater produxi, nor did I, who was your mother, attend you to
your grave, Virg.; Diva producas sobolem, 0 Goddess may you give them
abundant offspring (or may you deliver them prosperously), ilor.
producte adv. In a lengthened manner (to pronounce, etc.).
productio, onis. f. 1. A prolonging. 2. A lengthening in pronun
ciation.
productus, a, am. part. pass. fr. produco; also as adj. (c. compar. etc).
1. Prolonged. 2. Long; n. pi. as subst., preferable things.—&* pnr-
cipius.
Jproeliator, oris. m. A warrior.
prcelior, aria. v. dtp. To join in battle, to engage, to fight.
prcelium, i. n. A battle, an engagement, a contest (lit and metaph.).
prfifano, as. v. a. To desecrate, to profane, to pollute.
profanus, a, urn. adj. [pro fanum.j 1. Not sacred, common, profane.
2. Wicked, impious. 3. § Ill-omened (of the owl): procul este profani,
stand nloof ye uninitiated, Virg.
profectio, onis./! A going away, a setting out, a departure: profectio
ipsius pecuniae requiratur, let it be enquired where that money came from,
Cic.
profecto. adv. In truth, truly, really, indeed.
profectus, a, tun. pari. fr. proficiscor, q. v.; profectus, fr. proficio, q. v.
profectus. us. m. [proficio.] 1. Advance, progress. 2. Effect.
profero, fers, tiili, latum, v. a. irr. To bring out, to bring forward, to pro
duce, to put forth. 2. To carry forward, to extend, to enlarge. 3.
To put off, to adjourn, to defer. 4. To bring forward (assertions, proofs,
etc.), to reveal, to declare, to make known. 5. To adduce, mention,
name, cite, quote. 6. To prolong, to protract 7. To impel (rarr).
professio, onis./ 1. A profession, a promise, a declaration (esp. a public
one). 2. A return (of property, income, etc.). 3. A business, a pro
fession.
Jprofessorius, a, am. wlj. Professional, of a professor or public teacher.
professus, a, am. part. fr. profiteor (used both in act and pass, sense). 1-
Professing. 2. Confessed ; f. pi. ns suorf., prostitutes : summit Gentiles
anna professa mnnus, the hands of a single family take up arras with which
they pn misc to defend their country, Ov.
prtifestus, a, urn. adj. Not festival (of days, opp. to festus) : profestis !«-
cibus et sacris, on days of festival, and on days that are not festival, i. e.
every day, Hor.
proficio, Is, feci, fectum. v. n. 1. To go on, to advance, to rrake pro
gress, to improve. 2. To be useful, serviceable.
 PRO 421
proffciscor, eria, profectus sum. v. dep. 1. To go, to set out, to travel,
to march, to depart. 2. To proceed, to spring (from a cause, c. ex or ab
and abl., or c adv. of place, hinc, inde, etc.) : qui a Zenone profecti sunt,
those who have come from Zeno's school, Zt-no's disciples, Cic.
profiteer, eria, fessus sum. r. dep. 1. To declare or announce publicly,
to profess, to avow, to own. 2. To offer, to promise : indicium profi-
tetur, he offers to give evidence, Sail. 3. To profess (an art, a business,
etc): si grammaticum se professus quisquam, if any one who professed
himself a grammarian, Cic; professus amicum, professing yourself to be a
friend, Hor. 4. To make a return of, a public or legal statement of (pro
perty, etc): profiteri nomen, to give in one's name (as a candidate, etc.):
quod intra legitimos dies profiteri nequiverit, because he was unable to give
in his name within the time appointed by law, Sail.—See professus.
profligator, oris. m. A prodigal, a spendthrift.
profligatus, a, tun. part. pass, of seq. ; also as adj. (c. compar., etc.). 1.
Dejected, miserable. 2. Profligate, abandoned: profligatum belluui, a
war terminated by the defeat of the enemy, Liv.
profligo, as. v. a. 1 . To defeat, to rout, to overthrow. 2. To ruin, to
destroy.
Sproflo, as. r. a. To breathe forth : toto proflabat pectore somnum, he was
snoring; with all his might, Virg.
profluens, entis. pari. pres. fr. profluo ; also as adj. Fluent ; as subst., run
ning water.
profluenter. adv. Fluently.
profluentia. SB./ Fluency.
profluo. is, xi, turn. r. n. To flow forth, to flow, to flow from (c. abl , or c.
ab, orex. and abl): Messalina ad incognitas libidines profluebat, Messalina
proceeded to unheard of licentiousness, Tac; ab his fontibus profluxi ad
hominum famam, from these beginnings I have gone on till I got a reputa
tion among men, Cic.
ttprofluvium, i. n. A flow, a flowing forth.
profugio, Is, fQgi, fugltum. v. a. 1. To flee from, to forsake (c ace).
2. To flee, to run away, to escape. 3. (c. ad and ace.) To flee for
refuge to.
profuijus, a, um. adj. 1. Fleeing, having fled, fugitive (c. abl„ or c. ex
and abl., Jc. gen. of that from which), (regni, sc). 2. Exiled, banished.
3. §\Vandering, roving (of the Scythians); m. as subst., an exile.
profundo, is, fudi, fusum. r. a. 1 To pour out or forth, to shed co
piously. 2. To pour forth, i. e. to utter. To throw away, to waste,
to lavish, to squander (once in a good sense) : vitam profundere pro patria,
to sacrifice one's life for one's country, Cic. 4. To put forth, i. e. exert.
5. To explain (rare). 6. Profundo me, to pour forth, i. e. to burst
forth, to rush forth : si totum se ille in me profudisset, if he had expended
all his liberality on me, Cic; cum somnus membra profudit, when sleep
has stretched out one's limbs. Lucr.
profundus, a, um. adj. 1. Deep, profound. 2. §High, (lit. and mctnph.)
sublime. 3. §Dense. 4. Boundless, immoderate (desires, etc.) :
Styx, manesque profundi, the Styx and the spirits in the depths of hell,
Virg.; n. as subtt., a depth, a deep place, an abyss. 2. §The deep, i. e.
the sea.
profuse, adr. 1. Lavishly. 2. In disorder, without order.
profusus, a, um. purl. pass. fr. profundo, q. v. ; also as adj. c. coinpar., etc
1. Lavish, immoderate, extravagant (sometimes c. gen.). 2. Costly,
sumptuous.
progener, iris. m. A granddaughter's husband.
progenero, as. t>. a. To beget, to bring forth, to be the parent of.
progenies, ei/. 1. Race, family, descent. 2. Offspring, progeny.
progenitor, oris. m. A progenitor, an ancestor.
progigno, is, genui, genitum. v. a. To beget, to be the parent of, to pro
duce.
EE 3
422 PRO
prognitus, a, nm. adj. 1. Born of, descended from (c. ahL, or c. ab and
alii. >. 2. §Grown (of trees'), (c abl. of the place where).
Protrne, es. f. 1 . The daughter of Pandion and litter of Philomela, too
was changed into a swallow. 2. §A swallow.
progredior, eris, grsssus sum. r. dep. To go or come forward, to proceed,
to advance (lit. and metaph.).
prfigressio, finis. /C 1. Progress, growth. 2. Climax (in a speech).
progressus, us. m. A going forward, advance, course, progress, improve
ment: primo progressu, at the very beginning, Cic: C. Csesar docuit ab
excellenti eximiaque virtute progressuni astatis expectari non oportere.
Cuius Cxsar in early youth taught us that no improvement of his ex
cellent and extraordinary qualities could be expected from hi* advance in
years, Cic.
proh. —.See pro.
proliibeo, es, ui, Itnm. r. <i. 1. To hold off, to keep off, to ward off (c
ab and abl., or §c dat of that from which). 2. To restrain, to prevent,
to hinder (c. ab and abl. or c. abl., or more usu. c ne or quominus and
subj.): itinere exercitum prohibere conantnr, they endeavour to hinder
our army from advancing, Cees. 3. To forbid, to prohibit. 4. To
protect.
prfihlbltio. finis./. A forbidding, a prohibition.
pioin, and prolnde. adr. 1. (c. ao, atqne, or quasi, or ae si) Equally,
just as if. 2. Now then, then: proindc aut exeant aut quiescant, let
them then either depart or keep quiet, Cic.
projectio, finis.,/". A throwing forward, a stretching forth.
•f-^projectus, us. m. A jutting out, a projection.
project US, a, um. part. pass, of scq. ; also as adj. c. com par. etc 1. Pro
jecting, prominent 2. Conspicuous. 3. (c ad or in and ace) In
clined ito anything, to any course of action, etc.). 4. Contemptible,
abject, mean. 5. JDeject.d, downcast
prfijicio, Is, jSoi, jectum. v. a. 1. To throw before, to throw down
before, to thrust forth, to put forth, to stretch out, to bold out 2. To
throw down, to throw away, to discard, to renounce, to abandon (even
of abandoning a person to danger). 3. To cast forth, to drive oat l0
expel, to bauisb. 4. To cause to project 5. To defer, to put o£
6. Projicio me (usu. c in and ace.), to throw oneself into, rush into,
betake oneself to. 7. To put oneself forward (so as to attract notice) :
monent ne me projiciam, they warn me not to throw myself away, L e.
expose myself to unnecessary danger, Cic
prolabor, eris, lapsns sum. v. dtp. 1 . To glide or slide forward, to slip
down, to fall forward or down. 2. To go gently forward, to proceed,
to advance. 3. To err, to fail, to do wrong. 4. To fall to deny, to
go to ruin, to sink, to decline (of fortune, etc): ab aliqua cupiditate pro-
lapsum verbum, a word suffered to escape by any evil passion, Cic; in
misericordiam . . . prolapsus est animus victoria, the mind of the conqueror
yielded to (lit slid into) pity, Liv. ; quod rem temeritate ejus prolapsus
restituit. because he reestablished affairs which had been almost ruined by
the other's rashness, Liv.
prolapsio. finis.,/) A slipping, a fall.
prfilatio, finis, f. 1. A bringing forward, mentioning. 2. A pronoone-
ing, pronunciation. 3. Au enlarging, extension. 4. A putting off, s
postponement
prolato, as. r. a. 1. +iTo enlarge, to extend, to prolong. 2. To pot
off, to postpone, to defer, to delay; in pass, impers., nihil prolatandam
ratus, thinking that the matter admitted of no delay, Liv.
prole. t us, a, urn. jpart. pass. fr. profero, q. y.
prolecto, as. r. o. To draw on, to allure, to entice
proles, ia./. 1. Offspring, progeny. 2. §A race, a nation: maris its-
mensi proles, the race that inhabit the boundless sea, i. e. rub, Virg.;
 PRO 423
rternitnr Arcadia proles, the offspring of Arcadia (i. e. the troop* of
Erander, a settler from Arcadia) arc slain,
jrcietaria. m. pi. [proles.] Citizens of the lowest class, who had less than
1500 sesterces, and served the state only with their children.
pr&Ucio, la. lexi, lecture, r. a. 1. To allure, to entice. 2. To draw
on eently, to prolong (pleasure).
prolixe. adv. Abundantly, copiously.
proiixus, a, am. adj. 1. Long, tall, stretched out or reaching to a dis
tance. 2. Favourable (of events, etc.). 3. Liberal, bountiful.
tprdlosjus, L m. [wp6Koyos.] A prologue.
prtloquor, iris, locutus sum. v. dep. 1 . To speak freely, to utter in
public, to declare, to say. 2. §To prophesy.
'prolubiiun, i. ». Pleasure, whim.
proludo, is, si, sum, v. n. To practise beforehand, to prelude.
prolan, is, ui, utum. v. a. 1. To wash forth, to wash up, cast up (as the
sea c£sts things on the shore, etc.). 2. To wash off, to wash away.
3. To wash : pleno se proluit auro, he bathed himself in the deep golden
goblet (i. e. drank deeply of the wine in it), Virg.; multa prolutus vappa,
soaked in (i.e. drunk with) much bad wine, Hor.
prolusio, onis. f. A preliminary exercise, a prelude.
proluviea, ei. f. 1. An overflow. 2. That which is cast out, excre
ment.
promereo, es, ui, Itum. v. a., and promereor, Sris, recritus sum. r. dcp.
To deserve, to merit, to earn.
promerltum, La. 1. Desert (good or bad, usu. good). 2. A kindness,
a service.
Prometheus, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to Prometheus, son of Iapetns
and father of Deucalion; he stole the fire from heaven, and was chained to
M. Caucasus, where a vulture fed on his liver : Promethcum jtigum, M. Cau
casus, Prop.
prominens, entis. part pra. fr. promineo; also as adj. Prominent, pro
jecting: in prominenti litoris, on a projecting neck of land, Tac.
promineo, es (no perf.). v. a. 1. To jut out, to project, to stirk out, to ba
prominent. 2. To reach (as fame reaches to posterity), (c. in and ace).
promiscue. adv. Promiscuously, in common.
promise uus, a, tun. adj. 1. Mixed, promiscuous, indiscriminate, in
common : promiscua connubia, marriages between the nobles and the
common people, Liv. ; privatse et promiscua; copice, private and public
property, Tac. 2. ^Common, usual, ordinary: in promiscuo licentiam
esse voluit, he wished license to be universal, Liv.; nee arma in promiscuo
sed clausa sub custodc, nor are arms left in the hands of every one, but
they are kept in the custody of an officer, Tac. ; muta ista et inanima
intercedere ac reparari promiscua sunt, those lifeless things (buildings) can
be by turns destroyed and repaired.
promissio, onis. /., and promissum. L a. A promise : promissi dea facta
potens the goddess having performed her promise, Virg.
promissor, oris. m. One who makes a promise, a promiser.
promitto, is, misi, missum. v. a. 1. To let grow, to allow to grow long
or down : promissa barba, a long beard, Virg. 2. To foretell, to an
nounce beforehand (esp. so as) to promise : quod ad fratrera promiserat,
because he had promised to visit (or to dance with) his brother, Cic.
promo, is, rnpsi, mptum. v. a. 1. To take or bring out or forth, to
produce. 2. To bring to light, to reveal, to relate. 3. §promo me,
to come forth (c. abl. of that out of which) : obscura promens, bringing to
light, i. e. raising to splendour what is obscure, Hor.; nunc illas promite
vires, now display that Btrength, Virg.
pTomontfirium, i. n. 1. A promontory, a cape, a headland. 2. The
highest part of a mountain ridge,
promotns, a, urn. pari. pass, of seq. ; it pi. as subst. Preferable things.— Ste
prsecipuus.
lis
 424 PRO
promovco, ei, movi, motum. v. a. 1. To move forward, 10 cause to ad
vance, to advance, to pmh or carry onward. 2. To extend, to enlarge,
to increase. 3. To remove. 4. +To effect, to accomplish, to make
progress in. 5. To defer, to postpone : iimu.1 Dens . . . arcana promovenU
loco, at soon as the Ood had moved secrets from their place, i. e. had made
me disclose them, Hor.
tprompto. adv. 1. Promptly, with alacrity. 2. Readily, easily.
promptus, a, urn. pari. fr. promo; but used as adj. c. compar, etc 1.
Visible, apparent, evident. 2. Prepared, ready. 3. Prompt, energetic,
vigorous. 4. (c ad and ace more rarely c. dat.) Inclined (to a course ol
action, to a feeling, etc.). 5. Easy.
promptus, us. m. (only in the phr. in promptu esse, ponere, etc., in promptu).
1. Visible, manifest, evident, conspicuous. 2. At hand, ready. 3.
Easy : ccepere quisque .... magis ingenlum in promptu habere, every one
began to display more clearly his natural disposition, Sail.
promulgatio, 8ni». / A making publicly known, a publication, a promul
gation.
piomulgo, as. v. a. To make known, to publish, to promulgate (eip. a
proposed bi'l or law).
promulsis, Idis./. A whet for the appetite, an antipast.
tpromus, i. m. A steward, a butler.
promutuus, a, urn. adj. Advanced as a loan.
pronepos, Otis. m. A great grandson.
pronoea, 89. f. [srpdVoia.] Providence.
pronuba, Ee. 1. A brideswoman. 2. A deity presiding over a mar
riage (esp. Juno).
pronunciatio, onis. f. 1. A public declaration, a proclamation. 2.
Utterance, delivery (of a speech). 3. A proposition.
pronuntiator, oris. m. A relator, a narrator.
pronuntiatum, i. n. A proposition, an axiom.
pronuncio, as. c. a. 1 . To make publicly known, to declare publicly, to
give public notice of, to proclaim, to publish. 2. To appoint (an officer).
3. To utter or deliver in public, to recite, to repeat, to declaim. 4. To
relate, to report, to tell.
proaurus, us./. A grandson's wife.
pronus. a, um. adj. 1. Leaning forwards. 2. Hanging down, bent down,
stooping down, with the head down, looking down: pronus pendens in ver-
bera, leaning forward tn lash his horses, Virg. 3. §(As leaning forward
while in motion) Swift 4. §Headlong, thrown headlong. 5. De
scending, steep, downhill (of a path), down stream (of a river, etc.) : pari
cetera prona fertur aqua, the rest is borne down the stream, Virg.; proas
petit maria, he seeks the sea with the current in his favour, Virg. &
Descending (of that which is going along a downward road), sinking (of the
setting stars): celerem (lunam sc) pronos volvere menses, (the moon'
swift to roll on the months towards their close, Hor. ; urbs prona in
paludes, a city close to (or looking as if ready to sink in) the marshes,
Liv. 7. (c. in or ad and ncc.) Prone to, inclined to. 8. (c. in and
ace. or c daL) Favourable to, inclined to favour. 9. Easy: id ad fidem
pronius est, that is easier to believe, Liv.
prooemium, L n. [irpoof/uoy.] A preface, a prelude.
propagatio. onis./ 1. Propagation. 2. Extension.
propagator, oris. m. One who extends, who enlarges.
propago, Inis./ 1. A layer. 2. A branch, a shoot. 3. A race, a
stock.
propago, at. v. a. To propagate. 2. To continue, to extend. 3. To
prolong.
propalam. adv. Openly, publicly, notoriously.
prSpatulus, a, nm. adj. Open in front, open: in propatulo, in the open air,
Cic. ; in propatulo tedium, in the open courtyard of the house, Liv.; pudi-
"< citiam in propatulo habere, to put up modesty to public sale, Sail
\
 PRO 425
prope. adr , and prep. c. ace. 1. (adv. c. comp. propius, superl. proxime).
Near, nigh (of place or time); (sometimes c. ab and abl.): prope a Sicilia,
near Sicily. 2. Nearly, almost. 3. (prep.) Near, hard by : eo ma-
jore gaudio quo prope metnm res fuerat, with a joy the greater because of
the fear to which they had been so close, Liv. (Compar. of the adv. pro-
piusi. More nearly, more closely (c. dat. or c. ace, or c. ab and abl.).
—(Superl. proxime). 1. Most nearly, nearest, next (c ace. or c. ab
and abl.). 2. Most recently. 3. Next in order to. 4. Very closely
resembling : proxime atque ille, very nearly the same as he, Cic.
propediem. adv.
propello, is, puli, pulsum. v. a. 1. To drive forward, onward, to propel,
to push or urge on. 2. To impel. 3. To repel, to drive back :
propulsa fragorem sylva dat, the wood (of rushes and osiers) crackles as it is
bowed down (by the charge of the boar), Ov.
propemodo and propemodum. adv. Almost, nearly.
fropendeo, es, di, sum. v. n. 1. To hang down. 2. To be the heavier,
to preponderate. 3. To be inclined or disposed (esp. to be favourably
disposed towards), (c. in and ace.).
propenie. adv. With eager inclination, willingly.
propensio, onia./ Inclination, propensity (c ad and ace.).
propensus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. propendeo ; used as adj. c compar. etc.
1. Inclining towards. 2. Incline,1 or disposed towards (esp. favourably
inclined), prone (c. ad, more rarely .'. iu and ace.). 3. Well-inclined,
willing. 4. Weighty, important.
properanter. adv. In haste, with hurried pace, hastily.
properantia, se./, and properatio, onis./. Hastening, haste, speed.
^properato. adv. With haste, with speed.
properatus, a, im. pa$$. part. fr. propero. Hastened, accelerated, done in a
hurry, taken in a hurry (as kisses, etc.), written in a hurry : properata
gloria rerum, glory following immediately on his achievements, Ov. ; erat
nihil cur prop. ruto opus esset, there was no reason for there being need of
haste, Cic.
propere. adv. In haste, hastily, speedily, precipitately.
propero, as. v. a. and n. I. (v. a.) To hasten, to quicken, to accelerate,
to do (in anyway, any kind of action) in haste : teneri properentur amores,
let tender love-songs be hastily sung, Ov. ; fulmina cum properant, when
they prepare the thunderbolts in haste, Virg. 2. (r. n.) To hasten, to
make haste, to hurry, to be in a hurry.
propenu, a, tun. adj. Hastening, quick, speedy : Agrippina oblatce occasi
ons propera, Agrippina quickly seizing the opportunity that presented it
self, Tac
propexus, a, tun. adj. Combed down in front, hanging down in front
proplno, as. c. a. To drink to the health of (c. dat. pers.). 2. + To give,
to furnish.
proptnqnitas. atis.f. 1. Nearness, proximity, propinquity (of place, of rela
tionship, etc). 2. Relationship : ex propinquitate pugnare, to fight at
close quarters, Cces. ; sylvarum petunt propinquitates, they seek the shelter
of the neighbouring woods, Civ*.
propinquo, as. v. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To bring near, to hasten, to acce
lerate. 2. To draw near to, to approach (c. dat. or c ace). 3. (r. n.)
To draw near, to approach.
propinquus, a, um. adj. 1. Near, neighbouring. 2. Nearly related to.
3. Akin to, similar to ; m. and f. as subst., a relation ; n. as niW.,
neighbourhood, nearness : consulis castra in propinquo sunt, the consul's
camp is in the neighbourhood (or is close at hand), Liv.; ex propinquo cog.
noscit . . ., from his vicinity to him he becomes aware . . ., Liv.
propior, 8ria. compar. adj. (superl. proxunus). 1. Nearer (c. dat, c.
ace, or +c. gen.). 2. Nearer one's own time, i. e. more recent. 3.
More nearly related to, more akin to. 4. More nearly resembling, more
like: sua sibi propiora pericula esse quam mea loquebantur, they said that
426 PEO
their own dangers concerned them more newly than nine, Cic ; toeietu
est . . . propior eonun qui ejusdem civitatis slut, a onion is more intimate
between those who belong to the same state, Cie. See prope. (Rupert.)
proiimua. 1. Nearest, next (c dat. or c ace., often c ab and abl.), the
aext in order of succession, either before or after. 2. The next pre
ceding, L e. the previous (day, etc.\ the latest, the last, 3. The next
ensuing, i. e. the following (day, etc.). 4. The moat nearly related to,
the nearest akin to. 5. The nearest in resemblance, the nearest akin
to, the must like ; at. pi. aa stoat, one's nearest relations, one's Boat in
timate friends.—See prope.
Jpropitio, aa. r. a. To propitiate, to render propitious.
propitins, a, um. adj. Propitious, favourable, gracious.
propola, SB. as. [a-a* tiAhi.) A retail dealer.
:£propolluo, is. ni, atom. r. a. To pollute greatly, to defile.
propdno, is, posui, positum. r.o. 1. To put forth, to set forth, to expose
to view, to display. 2. To set before, to propose, to hold out (to people,
aa something to be done by them, a regard or object to be aimed at, hoped
for, etc.) : propone tibi duos reges, set beibre your eyes (imagine to your
self) two kin^s, Cic. ; omnibus telis fortunes proposita eat vita nostra, our
life is exposed to all the darts of fortune, Cic. ; cui cum mors proponeretur,
when be was threatened with death (lit. when death was set before him),
Cic. 3. To set beibre, (an audience, i. e.) to declare, to say, to an
nounce, to report, to relate, to propound (a question). 4. To propose,
i. e. to intend, to design, to determine (to do so and so), (in this sense, esp.
in per/", pass.) : propositum est mini hoc facere, I am determined to do this,
Cic; mulier proposita omnibus, a woman at the service of every one, Cic
t§proporro. m/r. 1. Furthermore. 2. Utterly.
proportio. onis. /. Proportion, analogy.
propositi^, cnis. /.' 1. An intention, design, purpose. 2. The first
proposition, the major premiss of a syllogism. 3. A subject, a theme.
propositum, i. ». 1. An intention, a design, a purpose. 2. The main
point, the principal subject (of a speech or discussion) : propositum et vita;
genus, the general course and tenor of one's life, Phaed.
propraetor, oris. m. A propraetor, a magistrate who, after having been
praetor at Rome, was sent the next year to a province where there was no
army : quaestor pro praetore, a quaestor administering the practorship of a
province in the absence of the praetor. Sail.
propria, adv. 1. Specially, peculiarly, for oneself, individually. 2.
Properly, strictly (opp. to figuratively).
proprietas, atis. / 1. A property, a peculiarity, peculiar quality or nature:
habet multas frugum proprietates, it (a region) has many peculiar kinds cf
crops, Liv. 2* ^Proper meaning (of words, eta).
t§pr6pritim, or propriatim. Properly, peculiarly.
propiius, a, um. adj. 1. That which is one's own, special, peculiar: of-
fensus urbi propria quoquc ira, having also a personal quarrel with the city,
Tac ; propriamque dicabo, and I will give her to you for your own, V'ire. ;
hunc mini da proprium . . . laborem, do this service for me for my own in
dividual gratification, Virg. 2. Lasting, permanent. 3. Fit. suitable.
4. Proper, used in a proper sense (of words, etc.) ; munitianes enim
propriametexpeditamCsesaris victoriam interpellavenuit, for the fortification)
.... prevented a victor}- which Caesar looked upon as his own (i. e. certain)
and easy to be secured, Caes. a. aa subst. 1. A property, a pot-
session. 2. A property, i. e. a peculiar quality, a characteristic
propter, adr. and prep. (c. ace). 1. (adv.) Near at hand: voluptatea
propter intuens, beholding pleasure close. 2. (prep., rare) Near, close
to. 2. (The usu. sense) On account of, for the sake of, because of, by
reason of, for : propter quos vivit, by whose means it ia (to whom it is
owing) that be is alive, Cic
propterea. adv. On that account, therefore, for that canst : propterea quod,
because that, Cic. ; id propterea, on that account, Ter.
 PRO 427
prdpudium, in. 1. +A shameful action. 2. A shameful person, a
rascal, a vile wretch.
prdpugnaculum, in. 1. A bulwark, a battlement, a rampart. 2.
(Metaph.) A bulwark (i. e. a defence, a protection): alta naviuin prnpug-
nacuhi, the lofty towers erected on the decks of the ships, Hor. ; Aristo
pargnre aese et firmissimo propugnaculo uti quod . . . , Aristo began to
exculpate himself, and adduced as the strongest argument in his defence
that . . ., Liv.
pre pugnatio, onis./! A defence, a support, a vindication.
propugnator, oris. m. 1. A defender, a soldier of a garrison, (on board
snip) a marine. 2. (Metaph.) A chnmpion, an advocate, an upholder.
propugno, as. v. n. 1. To rush out to fight, to sally out, to make a sortie.
2. To fight. 3. (c. pro and abl.) To fight for, to defend, to uphold.
propulsatio, 6ni». f. A repelling, a warding off.
propulso, as. r. a. To drive back, to repel, to ward off, to avert.
propulsus, a, uxo. part pass. fr. propello, q. v.
propylaeum, or on, i n. [iptmiXcuov.] A gateway or entrance, esp. that of
the temple of Minerva in the citadel at Athens.
proqtuestor, oris. m. A magistrate who, after having been qusestor at Rome,
was associated with a proconsul in the government of a province; sometimes
written pro qusestore : cum Alexandria; pro qua'itore essem, when I was at
Alexandria as proquaestor, Cic.
proquam. adv. According as.
prora, ae. f. [Trpiipa.] The fore part of a ship, the head, the prow, the
how. 2. SA ship : prora: tutela Melanthus, Melanthus stationed as a
look-out on the bow, Virg.; milii prora et puppis ut Graecorum proverbium
est, fuit . . ., the beginning and end of my design, according to the Greek
proverb was . . . Cic.
Prtrepo, is, psi, ptum. t>. n. To creep out, crawl forth.
Sprareus, i in.; and tproreta, se. m. The look-out man at the bow of a
ship.
proripio, la, tii, reptum. v. a, 1 . To drag forth, to hurry away (once as
intrant.) : quo deinde ruis, quo proripis? whither are you rushinir, whither
are you hurrying? Virg.; nudos proripuisse pedes, to spring forth with
bare feet, Ov. 2. Proripio me, to rush forth, to hasten forth, to hurry
out.
prorogatio, onis. f. 1. A prolongation, or extension of the term of office,
or period of command. 2. A postponement, an adjournment.
prorogo, as. v. a. 1. To prolong, to extend (a period of office or com
mand). 2. §To continue, to preserve. 3. To defer, postpone,
adjourn.
tproraum, more uau. prorsus. adv. I. tStraight on, straight forward, in
a direct course. 2. Utterly, entirely, totally, absolutely : prorsus in
facie vultuque vecordia inerat, his vicious disposition showed itself in every
feature of his face. Sail.
ptorumpo, ia, rupi, ruptum. v. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To thrust forth,
send forth, emit : prorumpitur in mare venti vis, the violence of the wind
bursts over the sea, Lucr. 2. (v. a.) To rush forth, to burst forth, to
break forth, to break out (lit and metaph) : ad minas erumpens, breaking
out in threats, Tac
prtrno, is, ui, utum. r.o. and n. 1. (t>. a.) To tear down in front, to tear
down, throw down, overthrow, overturn, demolish. 2. (v. «.) To rush
forth, to burst out. 3. To fall : fores omnes p.oruunt se, they all rush
out of doors, Jer.
proruptus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. prorumpo. JBroken down : prorupta anda-
cia, headlong audacity, Cic; toto proruptus corpora sudor, sweat breaking
out over his whole body, Virg.
prota oratia. Prose. Quint
prtsipia, m.f. (no/)/., not found in nom. sing.). A stock, race, family.
proscenium, i. n. The place in front of the scene in a theatre, the stage.
428 PRO
proscindo, is, scldi, scUsnm. v. a, 1 . To tear open, to tear up, to plough
(lit. and metaph. as a ship plough* the tea). 2. JTo cut down. 3.
To cut up (with words, i. e.) to revile, to defame, to satirize.
proscribo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To publish in writing. 2. To an
nounce publicly. 3. To post up, to advertise for sale, to offer for sale or
hire. 4. To publish (the name of) a person as having his property con
fiscated, to confiscate the property of by public notice (c. ace pen.) 6.
To proscribe, to outlaw.
proscriptio, onis./. 1. A public notice of sale, an advertisement. 2.
Proscription, outlawry.
proecripturio, is. t>. a. To be longing to proscribe.
proseco, as, ivi, sectum. t>. a. To cut off (esp. the parts of a victim that
are to be sacrificed).—Sprosecta, orum. n.pl., the entrails of a victim.
prdsemluo, as. r. a. To sow, to scatter about, to propagate.
prosequor, eris, secutus sum. v. dep. 1. To follow (as a friend or an
enemy), to pursue, to accompany, to attend (esp. at a funeral). 2. To
copy, to imitate. 3. To regard, to treat : laudibus proeequentes virura,
praising the man, Li v.; prosecuti cum donis legatos sunt, they honoured
(or they dismissed) the ambassador with presents, Liv. 4. To pome
(a subject), to go on (speaking), to relate, to describe, to speak of: quem
ut . . . honoriticis verbis prosecutus esset, and when he had addressed him
in complimentary language, Cic; Cattos suos saltus Hercynius prosequitur
siniiil ntque dep xiit, the Hercyninn forest goes as far as the territory of the
Catti extends, and there ceases, Tac.
JjSproseucha, m.f. [xpoo-fi/x^.] A Jewish synagogue.
prosllio, is, ui, sultum. r. ». 1 . To leap forth, spring forth, spring tip,
spiing forward. 2. To burst out (as tears, blood from a wound, etc).
pros8cer, eri. m. A wife's grandfather.
prospeoto, as. r.a. 1. To look forth, to look out upon, to survey, to
view. 2. To look towards, to have 6uch and such an aspect 3. To
look forward to, to expect, anticipate, to await (as one awaits a fate, or at
a fate awaits a person); Zpass. impers. : qua longissime prospectari potent,
where the most extensive view could be obtained, Tac
prospectus, us. m. 1. A prospect, a view, a sight. 2. Sight, vision.
prospeculor, aris. v. dep. 1. To explore, to reconnoitre, 2. To look
out, to look out for, to watch for.
prospire. adv. Agreeably to one's hopes or wishes, favourably, prosperously,
successfully.
Jprospergo, is, si, sum. r. a. To besprinkle.
prosperltas, atis./. Prosperity, good fortune, success: prosperitas valet*
dinis, admirably good health, Nep.
prospero, as. v. a. To prosper, to make prosperous or successful.
prosperus, a, um. adj. [pro spes.] 1. Agreeable to one's hopes, fsvonr-
able, of good omen. 2. Prosperous, successful, fortunate (of events, not
of persons) : prospera frugum, (of the morn) giving prosperity to the crops,
llor.; res prospera; and Jprospera (a. pi. as subst.), prosperity, success.
prospicientia, m.f. Foresight, forethought, precaution.
prosplcio. Is, spezi, spectum. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To look forward,
to look out, to tee. 2. (c. daL) To look out for, to provide for the
interests of, to take care of. 3. (». a.) To look out upon, to descry, to
see, to view, to survey, to look towards, to have a view of (as a house bu
of a prospect). 4. To gaze upon. 5. To foresee. 6. To provide,
to provide beforehand: quern si excideris multum prospexeris, and if yoa
cut it (a tree) down you will have an extensive view, Cic.
prosterno, is, stravi. stratum, v. a, 1. To throw down, to prostrate
(esp. p. me, to prostrate oneself). 2. To overthrow, to defeat 3-
To throw to the ground, to overthrow, destroy, ruin : sic te ipse abjicies, et
pro8ternes? will you so lower and degrade yourself? Cic.
tprostlbula, as./, and tprostlbilum, i. ». A harlot
prostltuo, is, ui, Mum. r. a To prostitute.
 PRO 429
prosto, as, stiti. p. n. 1. +To project. 2. +To stand in a public
place. 3. To be exposed for sale or hire. 4. To prostitute oneself, to
be prostituted.
prosubigo, is, egi, actum, r. a. To dig up, to turn up.
prosum, prodes, profui, prodesse. fut. in/In. proflire, part, profuturus (**
•urn). tJ. ». To be useful, to be serviceable, to profit, to do good to (c. dat.).
protego, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To cover, to shelter. 2. +To conceal,
to hide. 3. To defend, to protect: qui aides protexisset, who had fur
nished his house with a projecting roof, Cic.
tprotelo. as. v. a. To drive away,
-Hprotelum, in. A line, a succession.
protendo, is, di. turn. v. a. To stretch forth or out, to extend.
protero, is, trivi, tritum. v. o. 1. To drive or push forward, to drive-
away. 2. To tread down, to trample under foot, to crush. 3. To
overthrow, defeat, subdue.
proterreo, es, ui, Itum. v. a. To frighten away, to drive away by terror,
to terrify.
proterve. adv. 1. Saucily, impudently. 2. Wantonly.
protervitas, atis. / Sauciness, boldness, pertness, wantonness.
protervus, a, urn. adj. 1. Wanton, playful (often of the wind), (of
wind, etc.). 2. Forward, bold, saucy, pert, impudent. 3. Stella
proterva Canis, the fierce or scorching Dogstar, Ov.
protinus. adv. 1. (Rare) Forward, onward, in front of oneself. 2.
Continually, uninterruptedly, without stopping. 3. Immediately, in
stantly, forthwith.
^prototomus, a, in. adj. [wpanos rt'^vw.] That is cut first, the first
ripe.
protraho, is, xi, ctv.m. v. a. 1. To draw or drag forth, to bring forward.
2. To bring to light, to expose, to disclose, to discover. 3. JTo pro
tract.
protrudo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To push or thrust forward. 2. To
defer, to postpone.
proturbo, as. <: a. 1. To drive away, to repel, to repulse. 2. To push
down, to beat down.
prout. adv. As, according as.
proveb.0, is, xi, ctum. v.a. 1. To carry or conduct on, onward or for
ward, to conduct, to convey. 2. To raise, to exalt, to promote, to
advance. 3. (In pass.) To advance, to proceed onward (esp. on horse
back or in a ship): serius a terra provectaj naves, the ships quitting the
land too late, Cass.; ajtnte provectus, advanced in years, Cic; provecta
state mortua est, she died at an advanced age, Cic.
provenio, is, veni, ventum. v. n. 1. To come forward, to come forth,
to appear. 2. To be produced, to grow. 3. +To turn out, to issue.
4. To proceed prosperously, to succeed (of deeds, etc.) : quique mox prove-
nere, and those who were bom soon after, Tac.
proveutus, us. m. 1. Growth, increase, produce, yield, a crop (esp. large
produce, a good crop). 2. A result (esp. a fortunate result, good for
tune, success).
prdverbium, L n. A proverb, an adage : in proverbium venit, in proverbii
consuetudiuem venit, proverbii locum obtinet, it has become a proverb,
Cic., Liv.
providens, entis. pres. part, of provideo; used also as adj. c corapar. etc.
Provident, prudent, gifted with foresight.
provldenter. adv. Providently, prudently.
providentia, SB./. Foresight, forethought, prudence, caution.
provideo, es, vidi, visum, v. a. 1. To use foresieht, to be prudent, to
provide for (often c. dat), to take care. 2. jTn 6ee before another
sees, to be the first to see. 3. To perceive beforehand, to foresee.
4. To provide or arrange beforehand, to prepare : (pass, impers.) ubi quid
peiatur procul provider! nequeat, where what is armed cannot be seen
430 PRO — PSA
at a distance, Lir.; provisum atque pnecnntum est, care and precaution
were taken beforehand. Liv.; verbaque provisam rem non invita scqueDtur,
and wordi will without reluctance (i. e. without difficulty) attend upon
a subject we'd considered beforehand, Hor.
providus, a, um. adj. 1 . Foreseeing (c. gen.). 2. Provident, prudent,
cautious. 3. Careful to provide for (c gen.).
pxdvincia. ft. J". 1. A province, a territory out of Italy. 2. A charge,
an employment.
provincial!*, e. adj. Of a province, provincial, in any way connected wish,
arising in or from a province ; m. pi as sulsl^ the inhabitants of a pro
vince.
provisio, onis./*. 1. Foresight, foreknowledge. 2. A providing against,
a taking precautious against or for : honira incommodorum una cautio est
atque una provisio, there is one way of being on one's guard against and ol
providing against these evils, Cic
^proviso, udr. Providently, prudently.
-j-proviiO. is, si. sum. c. a. To go or come forth to see.
prdvisor. oris. m. 1. One who provides, who provides for. 2. JrOne
who foresees.
Jprovisus, us. m. 1. A looking before or forward. 2. A foreseeing.
3. Providing for, prudent preparation, management or care.
provisos, a. am. part. past. fr. provideo, q. v.
rfprivivo, is, li r. n. To live on.
prov&catio, onis. / I. JA challenge. 2. An appeal,
provocator, oris. m. 1. A challenger. 2. A kind of gladiator.
provoco, as. r. a. 1. To call forth, to summon forth. 2. To chaJlenje,
to invite. 3. To appeal (oftvu c ad and ace. of the party to whom).
4. To excite, to stimulate, to rouse, to provoke. 5. JTo call forth, i. e.
to occasion.
provolo, as. e. n. To fly forth, to rush out, to sally out, to rush forward, to
hasten.
prdvolvo, is, vi, vSlutum. r. a. 1. To roll forward on or along. 2.
Provolo me, or provolvor, to fall down, to prostrate oneself (c ad and ace. or
c dat, of him before whom : multi fortunis provolvebantur, many were rained
in their fortunes, Tat; ad libita Pallantis provoluta, who had submitted ts
the wi>hes of Pallas, Tac
+§prov6mo, is, ui, Itum. r. a. To vomit forth.
Jproxeneta, ss. n. [*pj(fros.] An agent, a go-between, a broker.
proximo, and proximo*.— See prope and propior.
proxlmlta*, atis. / 1. Nearness, proximity. 2. Near relationship.
3. Resemblance.
prudens. entis. aoj;. 1. Prudent, provident, cautious, sagacious, wise.
2. Skilful, well -acquainted with (often c gen.). 3. Intending (of s
person doing a thing intentionally), with one's eyes open, knowing the
result: quos prudens prsetereo, whom I pass over on purpose, Hor.
prudeilter. adv. 1. Prudently, courteously, wisely. 2. Skifully.
prudentia, SB./". 1. Foresight, providence, prudence, caution, wisdom,
sagacity. 2. Knowledge of, acquaintance with, skill in.
pruina, 85. f. 1. Hoarfrost, rime. 2. §Snow. 3. §(In/p£.) Winter.
prulnosus, a, am, adj. Frosty, bringing frost.
prima. SB. /. A live coal, a burning coal.
prunum. La. A plum.
Jprurlgo, Inis./i 1. Itching. 2. Lasciviousness.
§prurio, is, no per/, v. n. To itch, to itch for, long for.
prytauSum, i. n. The town-hall in Grecian cities, where those who haa1
done service to the state were maintained at the public expeuse.
prytanis. m. [toutoku.] A chief magistrate in Grecian cities.
psallo. is, li, no sup. v. n. To play upon the harp, to sing to the harp.
psaltcrium, i. n. A psaltery.
psaltria, »./. A female harp-player.
 PSE — PUD 431
psecas, adis. f. A lady's maid who dressed her mistress's hair,
psepoiima, atis. n. [tJir/pKruo.] An ordinance of the people among the
Greeks.
psendomenns. i. m. [tf/tvS6fttr6s.'] A logical fallacy,
psesdothynun, i. n. [tytvSiis Bvpa.] A back door : per pseudothyram,
secretly, Cic. ,
Ipsiiothrum, i. v.. [tfiiAos.] A depilatory.
psittacus, L mi. A parrot,
psychomantejim, i. «. [\fivx<>fuarruoy.] A place where the souls of the dead
could be consulted, a necromancer's office,
prythia, ae./ A kind of vine.
Jptisana, so. f. 1 . Pearl barley. 2. Barley water.
ptisanarium, i. n. A decoction like barley water,
pubens, entis. adj. Arrived at full growth, in full vigour, flourishing.
pubertas, atis./ 1. Puberty. 2. The sign of puberty, the beard. 3.
tManly power, virility,
pubes and Spuber, oris, adj. m.f. 1. Grown up, full grown, arrived at
the age of puberty : ad puberem aetatem, till the age of puberty, Liv.
2. (Metaph. of plants) Flourishing or downy, soft; {rn.pl. as sulk.) men
of ripe age, grown up men.
pubes, is. f. 1 . The down or soft hair which appears on young men
when they come to years of puberty. 2. The groin. 3. The youth,
the body of young men : Dardana pubes, the Trojan nation or people,
Virg.
jabesco, is, no per/, r. n. 1. To arrive at the age of puberty, to begin
to have a beard. 2. (Metaph. of plants) To grow up, to flourish, to
come to maturity, to be vigorous: prataque pubescunt variorum fiore
colorum, and the meadows are ripe with flowers of varied hues, Ov.
pnbllcanus, a, tun. adj. Belonging to the public revenues; n. as suiist., a
farmer of the revenue,
publlcatio, dais. /. A confiscation,
publico and tpnbllcHus. adv. 1. On the part of, at the cost of, in the
name of, on account of the state. 2. In a public or national point
of view. 3. Publicly : exsulatum publico ire, to go as a whole nation
into banishment (from Roue to Veii), Liv.
publico, as. r. a. 1. To make public property, to confiscate. 2. JTo
make public, to give to the common people, to devote to the use of the
public
publlcus. a. tun. adj. [populus.] 1. Belonging to the state, done in the
name of, at the expense of, on behalf of the state, public. 2. General,
common, usual, ordinary. 3. Ordinary, i. e. not good, poor : quod ante.i
causam publicam nullam dixerim, because I have conducted no criminal
case before (as we say the Crown Court, opp. to civil actions), Cic; m.
as snosr., a public officer. n. as svbst. 1. The public territory. 2. The
public revenue : in publico esse, to appear in public, Cic. ; prodire in
publicum, to appear in public, Cic; carere publico, not to appear in public,
to live in privacy, Cic; in pubbco, publicly, Liv.
pidendus, a, tun. parr, gerundive, fr. pudet; as adj. To be ashamed of,
shameful, disgracefuL
pudens, entis. part. fr. pudet ; as adj. Bashful, modest
pidentor. adv. Modestly, bashfully,
pudet, nit and pfiditum est. r. impers. (as r. pert. Plaut., Lucan., but very
rare). It shames (c. ace pen., gen. of the cause, or c. infin.) : puderet me,
I should be ashamed, Cic
pudlbundus, a, nm. adj. Shamefaced, modest, bashful,
pudiee. adv. Modestly, chastely, virtuously.
pudicitia, ae. ./'. Modesty, chastity,
pudiens, a, nm. adj. Modest, chaste, bashful,
pudor, oris. m. ]. Shame, bnshfulness, modesty, shatnefaccdness : famn
pudor, a respect for one's character, Cic 2. A thing to be ;ishamed of,
432 PUE-PUL
shame, disgrace: ne sit ancillie tilii amor pudori, be not ashamed of thy
love for a wailing maid. Hor. ; proh ! pudor, for shame. Or.
pnella. SB, dim. tpuell&la, ae. f. 1. A girl, a damsel, a young woman
(whether unmarried or married). 2. §A daughter.
puellaris, e. adj. Belonging to a girl, girlish.
puer. eri, and dim. .tpuellus. La. 1. A boy, a male child under seven
teen years of age (though used of Octavianus and of Scipin after they were
of that age): apuero and a pueris,from one's childhood, Cic 2. SA son.
3. A servant, a page. 4. (In pL) Children (boys and girls; and in the
old poets, puer in the sing, is used even of a girl): semper fac puer esse
Telis, do thou choose always to remain unmarried, chaste, Ov.
puerasco, is, no perf. r. n. To attain the age of boyhood.
puerllis, e. adj. 1. Of a boy, boyish, of childhood, childish. 2.
Childish, puerile, i. e. silly: puerile agmen, a troop of boys, Virg.
puerillter. adv. 1. Like a child. '2. Childishly, foolishly.
puerltia, and syvc puertia, a-./. Childhood.
puerpera, SB./. A lying-in woman: verba puerpera dixit, she altered words
to assist her delivery, Ov.
^puerperium, i. ». 1. Childbirth, delivery. 2. A child (rare).
puerulus, i. >«. A little boy.
pugil. Ilia. m. A boxer.
p&gllatio, onis./. and tpugHatus, us. m. Boxing, pugilism.
pugtllaris, e. 1. JThat can be held in the hand ; m. pL aa sv&tt, writing
tablet*.
pugio. onis m. dim. pugiunculus. i. m. A dagger, a poniard.
pugna. 89. /. 1 . A tight, a battle ; (lit. and metaph.) of a debate. 2 A
line of battle.
pugnacltor. adv. Contentions]}', pugnaciously, obstinately.
pugnator, oris. m. A tighter.
pugnax, acis. adj. 1. Fond of fighting, warlike, pugnacious, martial ;
(metaph.) contentious, disputatious. 2. Obstinate, stubborn : comqus
sit ignis aquae pugnax, and as fire is opposed to water, Ov.
pugno, as. r. a. 1. To fight, to combat, to engage in battle. 2. To
be at variance with, to disagree, to differ from (of rival arguers, etc) :
tit tecum ipse pugnares, so that you contradicted yourself Cic; fripida
pugnabant cnlidis, cold was at variance with hot, Ov. 3. §To fight
against, to resist (c. dat.). 4. To strive vigorously, to struggle, to curt
oneself (c. ut or no and subj. ; often in sense 1 . as pass, impers. ): commas
gladiis pugnatum est, they fought hand to hand with swords, Cos.;
pugnnntia te loqui non vides ? do you not see that you axe saying things
inconsistent with one aother ? Cic.
pugnus, i. m. A fist : superare puguis nobilis, illustrious for his victories u
a boxer, Hor,
pulcher, chra. chrum, and dim. pulchellus. a, on. adj. 1. Fair, beautiful,
beauteous, handsome. 2. Glorious, admirable, noble; pulcher dies, a
day of good omen, Hor.
pulchre. adv. 1. Very properly, excellently, cleverly, finely. 2.
Favourably (of omens, etc): queis ccenantibus una pulchre fuerit tibi, [I
wish to know] in whose company you enjoyed yourself, Hor.
pulchrltiido, Inis. / 1. Beauty. 2. Excellence.
puleium or pulegium, i. a. Pennyroyal.
Jpulex. Icis. m. A flea.
pullarius, i. m. The man who kept the chickens from which omens were taken.
+pnllatns, a, tun. adj. Wearing black garments (in mourning).
pullulo, as. v. n. To sprout, to grow vigorously : tot pullulat atra colubria,
with so many snakes (for hair) does she illomened shoot up (l c so nuay
snakes shoot up in her hair), Virg.
pullus, i. m. 1. The young of any animal, of a horse, even of a frog (esp.
of fowls), a chicken. 2. (As a term of endearment) Darling, chuck:
pullus milvinus, a young kite (i. e. a rapacious wretch).
 PUL — PUN 433
polios, a, am. adj. 1. Dark -coloured, black (of hair and of mourning
robes), dark green (of the myrtle). 2. Sad, mournful ; §n. as subst., a dark
«r mourning robe.
pslmentarium, i, and pulmentam. i. n. Anything eaten with bread as a
relish, a sauce, a condiment : pulmentaria quaere sudando, seek a relish for
jour food (an appetite) by hard exercise, Hor.
pobno, onis. as. A lung.
Cyslpa,sB./ 1. The juicy part of meat. 2. §The flesh of man (i. e.
man), Per*.
parpimentum, i. n. Delicate food (esp. game), anything eaten as a relish.
palpitant, is. A scaffolding, a platform, a stage.
poll, tia./I Pottage, porridge.
pukatio, onis. f. A beating, a striking.
Polso, as. c. a. 1. To beat, to strike, to batter : ter pede pulsat humum,
thrice he beats the ground, stamps on the ground with his foot (in dancing),
0?.; cum pulsarant aria ligones, when the spades had dented the fields,
Or. 2. To strike against, to touch, to reach. 3. To strike, to make
an impression on (the mind), to agitate, to affect, to disturb.
pulsus, a, am. part. pass. f'r. pello, a. v.
pulsus, us. m. A pushing, a striking, a blow, a knock, a stroke : pulsus
pedum, the stamping of feet, Virg.; pulsus lyrae, the striking or playing on
the lyre.
Tjulto, as. c. a. To strike, beat, knock.
polvereos, a, am. adj. 1. Of dust, dusty, covered with dust. 2. Like
do»t, fine (of flour, etc.).
PBlTeralentiu, a, tun. adj. 1. Dusty, covered with dust. 2. Causing
dust (as heat, etc) : prasmia militias pulverulenta sequi, to aim at the labo
rious prises (i. e. won only by labour and being covered with dust) of
military service, Ov.
polvillui, i. m. A little cushion or pillow.
polvtnar, aria, n., and pulvinarium, U. A conch covered with cushions,
placed before the statues and altars of the gods to receive offerings.
polvinus, i. m. A cushion, a pillow.
Ptlvis, Jria. m. 1. Dust, 2. Powder. 3. The dust of the arena :
miditus ille pulvis, that learned sand, i. e. that in whioh the mathema
ticians drew figures at their lectures, etc., Cic; pulvis Etrusca, the soil of
Etroria, Prop.; novemdiales dissipare pulveres, to scatter the ashes of the
dead taken from the tomb nine days after their interment, Hor.; hyberno
hetissima pulvere farm, corn is most abundant after a dusty, i. e. a dry
winter, Virg.; inque suo noster pulvere currat eqnus, and let my horse run
in his own arena, in the field best suited to him, Ov.; doctrinatn .... in
solem atque in pnlrerem produzit, he has brought learning . . . into broad
daylight and into the field of battle ( i. e. into the arena of discussion), Cic.;
sine pulvere pal ma, a prize won without dust, i. e. without exertion, Hor.
pimex, Icii. m. §/. 1. Pumicestone. 2. §Rock, (prob.) soft rock.
pomlceus, a, urn. adj. Of pumicestone, of stone.
ttpnmllio, onis. m.f. A dwarf, a very little person.
panctim. adv. With the point, thrusting with the point (of a sword).
ponctum, La. 1. A small hole pricked. 2. A point, a mathematical
point, etc. 3. A dot pricked in a tablet as the sign of a vote, a vote.
*. A small weight 5. Punctum temporis, p. horse, a moment, Cic,
Hor.; puncto tempore, in a moment, Lncr. 6. A very brief sentence.
puago, is, pfipftgi, punctum. v. a. 1. To prick, to puncture. 2. To
pierce. 3. To sting (metaph.). 4. To vex, to annoy, to mortify, to
disturb.
puniceua, a. am. adj. Red.
Pinlcus, a, urn. adj. 1. Carthaginian. 2. glted. Punicum malum, a
pomegranate, Plin.
punio. la, ivi, Hum. «. a., and punior, iris. v. dtp. 1. To punish, to
chastise. 2. To avenge.
rr
434 PUN — PUT
punltor, oris. m. 1. A punisher. 2. An avenger.
Jpupa, x.f. 1. A girl. 2. A doll.
pApilla, a. f. 1. An orphan girl under age, a female ward. i Tis
pupil of the eye.
papillaris, e. adj. Of or belonging to wards or minors.
pupillus, i. mi. An orphan boy under age, a ward.
puppii, e. /. 1. The stern or poop of a ship. 2. §A ship: ssrgrai >
puppi ventus, a wind rising from behind the ship (i. e. fair), Virg.
pnpiila. 8B. f. The pupil of the eye.
Stpfipulus, i. m. A little boy.
pure. adv. 1. Purely, virtuously, properly, duly. 2. In correct styls
(to speak, etc). 3. Brightly, clearly: quid pure tranquillet, whit gita
pure tranquillity, Hor.
purgamen, Iiiis. n. 1. Sweepings, offscourings. 2. Means of purgation
or put-ificalion, expiation, expiatory or averting sacrifice.
purgamentum, i. n. 1. Sweepings, offscourings, refuse, dirt
purgatio, onis. / 1. A cleansing, a purging. 2. An apology, u
excuse, a justification. 3. JA religious purification from guilt.
purgatus, a, am. part, of seq. ; also as adj., c compar. etc. 1. Purifei
pure, clean. 2. Exculpated.
purgo, as v. a. 1. To make clean or pure, to cleanse, to purify, to pair
(sometimes c gen. of the evil from which). 2. To exculpate, eicur,
justify: purgaudis criminibus, in disproving charges, Cic 3. To pnnry
by religious rites, to purge from crime, to make atonement for (a {*«{'',
etc.).
§tpflriter. adv. Purely, cleanly.
purpura, 86. [-roptpioa.] 1. Purple, the colour of purple. 2. A parp'-
robe purpuram sumere, to assume the sovereignty (because kings wor? a
purple robe), Eutr. ; non gemmis neque purpura venale, not to be sold " r
jewels or purple (i. e. not to be bought at the price of the most isUabk
things'!, Hor.
puxpirasco, is, no perf. r. n. To grow purple, to grow dark.
purpuratus, a, um. Wearing a purple robe : ex purpuratis et propiaqiw
regis, one of the chief officers and relations of the king, Li v.
purpureas, a, am. adj. 1. Purple, of a purple colour, rosy (of the men-
iug), red (of blood), dark (of hair and of the sea when ruffled by u»
wind). 2. Clothed in purple : purpureus pennis et pacts conjngii «s*\
all purple with the feathers in his helm and the purple robe wruttfbtbr
his espoused wife, Virg. 3. Brilliant, dazzling, beautiful (Albinows"
has even purpurea nix).
-rpurpurissum, i. n. A purple or red dye for cloths, and for the owe.
tpuralentus, a, um. adj. Full of corrupt matter, purulent.
paras, a. am. adj. 1. Clean, pure, unadulterated, unalloyed, uneompi
undefiled, unstained. 2. Simple, plain, unadorned, undisguiwd, (■'■
(of style). 3. §Purifying. 4. Sp aless, virtuous, stainless, fialtle* ■
dimicaturus puro et patente campo. about to fight in an open plain fa* l»
all obstacles, Liv. ; pura hasta, a headless spear, Prop.
pus, puris. n. 1 . Corrupt matter. 2. Venom, i. e. malice.
pusillus. a, um. adj. 1. Very little, very small, petty, insignificant, tretk
(of a voice). 2. Pnltry mean : animus pusillus, a timed spirit, Hor.
pfisio. onis. in. A little boy.
postula, a>. /. A blister on the skin, a pustule.
Ipustila, 8E. / A blister, a pustule.
putamen, inis. n. That which is pruned away, waste, refuse (of the peel at
fruit, shells of nuts, etc.).
pultatio, onis.y; Pruning, the lopping of trees.
puteal, alia. n. The cover of a well : Puteal Libonis (often called siaplj
Puteal) was an enclosure like the top of a well in the forum at Rome. ■
memory of the cutting through or the whetstone with a rasor by AW
Navius (»«« Liv. i. 36.), restored by Scribonitu Libo,
 P U T — QU A 435
pMealis, e. adj. Of or from a well.
pftteo, es. ui, no sup. v. a. To be putrid, to stink.
pstesco or putresco, is, ui, no sup. v. n. To rot, to putrefy.
piteua, i. in. 1. A well. 2. A cistern. 3. §A pit. 4. fA
dungeon.
pstlde. adv. Affectedly, pedantically.
P'Jtldiajculns. a, tun. adj. Somewhat more affected and tedious.
putidus, a, tun. adj. 1. Putrefied, putrid, rotten, stinking. 2. §(Me-
taph.) Worn out, withered (of persons). 3. (Of style or speakers,
etc.) Affected, pedantic, (and, as such) wearisome, tiresome, tedious.
puto. as. r. a. 1. -(-(rare) To clean. 2. To prune, to trim, to lop.
3. (rare) To clear up, to settle (accounts, etc.). 4. To value, to estimate
(c abl. of the value, or c. gen. magni, pluris. etc.). 5. To meditate
on. to reflect on, to ponder. 6. To think, to be of opinion, to suppose,
to believe (that such is the fact, etc.) : Quince puta aut l'ubli, O Quintus,
for instance, or Publius, Hor.
tputor, and tpntror, oris, m. Rottenness, putridity.
putrefacio, is, feci, factum, pass, putrefio, f is. etc v. a. 1. To make
rotten, to cause to putrefy. 2. To soften (rocks with vinegar).
putresco.—.See putesco.
putridua, a, urn. adj. Decayed, rotten, putrid.
putris, e. adj. I. Putrid, rotten, stinking. 2. Decayed, mouldering
from age, withered, old. 3. Soft, crumbling, flabby : omnes in Da
rn din putres deponent oculos, all will turn their languishing eyes on
Damalis, Hor.
pitua, a, tun. adj. (very rare). 1. Pure. 2. Brilliant, splendid.
Ipyctes, sb. [wi«cTT)i.] A boxer, a pugilist.
fjga.de. f. [riyv.] The rump.
Cpygargus. i. m. A kind cf antelope with a white rump.
Pygmanu, a, um. adj. Pigmy, of the Pigmies, a race of dwarfs believed to
exist in Africa.
Pyladeui, a, um. adj. Of Pylades, like Pylades, the son of Strophius king
of Phocis. celebrated for his friendship for Orestes.
Pyliua, a, tun. adj. 1. Of Pylos, a city in Messenia, where Nestor was
king. 2. Messenian : sequarint Pvlios cum toa fata dies, when your
life shall have equalled the age of Nestor, i. e. when you are very old.
pyra. as /. fw^po.] A funeral pile.
pyrimldatui, a, um. adj. In the form of a pyramid, pyramidicaL
pyrimis, Idia /. [xvpafih.] A pyramid.
pyropus, i. m. 1. Bronze. 2. (According to some interpretations also)
§A carbuncle.
Pylbius, a, um. adj. 1. Of Pytho or Delphi, where Apollo had a temple
and an oracle. 2. Of Apollo;/, as subsl., the priestess who delivered the
oracle; it. pi. a» suhst , the Pythian games.
tpytisma, atia. *. That which is spit out on tasting wine.
+T>ytisso, as. r. n. To spit out wine on tasting it.
Ispyxagathus, i. m. [xi{ iyaBbs.] A good boxer,
pyxis, Idia./. A small box (esp. for medicines, unguents, etc.).

Q.
Qua. adv. 1. Where, in which place, by which road. 2. As far as, so
far as. 3. fin what manner, how: qua... qua, both... and also;
partly . . . and partly ; as well ... as.
quacumque. adv. 1. Wherever. 2. Whithersoever.
quadamtenus (in tmesi). adv. 1. Up to a certain point 2. Some
what.
Ill
436 QUA — QUiE
qnidra, 2b. f. 1. A square. 2. A square table: patnlis nee patters
qtiadris, and not to spare their broad squares of bread (which they were
using as tables, i. e. on which they pat their meat), Virg.
quatfrageni, SB. a. adj. pi. 1. Forty apiece, forty each. 2. Forty.
qnadragesimus, a, tun. adj. Fortieth.
quadragies. adv. Forty timet.
quadraginta. inded. Forty.
quadrant, til. m. 1. A fourth part, a quarter. 2. The fourth part of
an as, a fiirihing. 3. +A quarter of a pound, a qtiarter of a pint.
quadrantarius, a, um. odj. That can be bought for a farthing.
quadratns, a, am part. past. fr. quadro ; used alto as ad . Square: sauna
quadratum, hewn stone ; ut agmine quadrato ad urbem accederet, that he
might approach the city in order of battle. (». at ndaL). 1. A
square. 2. Quartile (an astronomical expression).
quadriennium, i. n. A period of four yeart.
quadrlfariam. adv. In or into four parts.
Squadrlfidus, a, am. adj. Split into four parts or four division!".
quadrigae, arum. pi./. ; dim. quadrigulae, arum./. 1. A team of four
horses. '.'. A chariot with four horses, §a chariot (of Aurora, of night,
etc.) : corrigam tarditatem quadrigis poeticis, I will amend my hainets by
driving my poetical car, i. e. writing poetry, Cic; navibut atque quadrigis
petimut bene vivere, we seek happiness by land and sea, i. e, by every
possible contrivance, Hor.
quadrigarius, a, am. adj. Of a four-horte chariot ; m. at twbtt, one who
bat or drives a fuur-horse chariot (esp. for the chariot races).
quadrigatus, a, am. adj. Stamped with the figure of a quadriga (a coin).
quadrijuges, am. pi. m. Harnessed in a team of four.
quadrljugus, a, um. adj. 1. Harnessed in a team of four. 2. Hiving
four horses (of a chariot); in. pi. as svbst., chariot horses.
quadrimus. a, um. adj. Four yeart old.
quadringenarius, a, um. adj. Of four hundred, consisting of four hundred
men
quadringeni. 89, a. adj. pi. Of four hundred each, four hundred.
quadringenteslmus, a, am. adj. The four hundredth.
quadringenti, SB, a. pi. adj. Four hundred.
quadringenties. adv. Four hundred times.
quadripar titus, a, am. adj. Divided into four parts : quadripartite, fttx-
fold.
quadrircmis, is. /. A vessel with four banks of oars.
quadrlvium, i. ». A place where four roads meet
quadro, as. v. a. and n. 1. (r. a.) To square, to make square. '-
(v. n. ) To be square, to agree, to suit : nisi omnia in ittam qcadrsre
viderentur, if every circumstance did not appear to agree with her
character, Cic; quoniam tibi ita quadrat, since it seems good to you, Cic
quadrant, i. n. A being squared, a proper shape, proper order.
quadr upedans, antis. adj. Galloping ; m. at mist., a hone,
quiidrupes, edis. m./. 1. A quadruped. 2. A hone; at adj, goicf
or standing on four feet, or on all fours : quadrupedem conttringito, hind
him hand and foot, Ter.
quadruplator, oris. m. 1. A public informer (who received a fourth part
of the fine). 2. A tricktter, a rogue.
quadruple!, Icis, and quadrfiplus, a, um. adj. Fourfold.
tquaerito, as. v. a. 1. To seek. 2. To ask, to enquire. X To
earn.
queero. it, qusesWi, itum. v. a. 1. To seek, to seek for, to starch far.
2. To look for without finding, to mils. 3. To earn, to get, to obtain,
to acquire, to find. 4. To seek (for meant, etc), to wish or- attempt
(to do; c. ace. ore. infin.). to meditate, to plan, to contrive. 5. To
demand, to require. 6, To ask, to inquire (c ab. da, or ez and tbl
pert.). 7. To make an inquiry into, to investigate (o. de and til of
 QU M—QUA 437
til* deed or accusation): de eervo quseri nolnenmt, they would not have a
tiaT« pat to the question, i. e. examined by torture, Cic; si quaerig, si
quaerimus, noli qusrere, if you would know the plain truth, to speak the
plain truth, in short : all in Cic
Cqaaesltio, onis. f. An investigation, an examination, esp. by torture.
•aessitor, oris. m. An investigator, a judge.
qtuesitiis, a, urn. part. pass. it. quaero; also as adj. (c. compnr.). 1.
Sought for on purpose (i. e. special), extraordinary. 2. Far-fetched,
affected, assumed; §a. at subtt., a question.
queue, only in 1st sing, and pi. qufesumus. 1. To beg, to entreat, to
beseech. 2. To ask.
qoaesticulus, i. m. [qusestus.] A slight gain, or profit.
quistio. onis./ 1. 1A seeking. 2. An inquiry, an investigation (esp.
by torture). 3. A matter for inquiry, a subject of investigation or fir
discussion, a question for debate.
qnastioncula, be./. A trifling question or subject for inquiry.
qusator, oris. m. A Roman magistrate, of more than one kind; some
having the charge of conducting criminal trials, and of seeing to the exe
cution of judicial sentences ; others bad care of the revenue ; the quaestor
urbanus had charge of the treasury ; the quaestors who accompanied the
consuls provided for the payment and provisioning of the troops; but their
numbers and duties were altered from time to time.—See Smith's Ant.;
toc qussstor.
qusstorius. a, un. adj. Of or belonging to a quaestor : quaestoria porta, •
gate in the camp near the quaestor's tent; m. as subs!., one who had been
quaestor; n. as most, the quaestor's tent, or (in a province) the residence of
the quaestor.
quaestuosus, a, nm. adj. Graceful, profitable.
qmestura, m.f. 1. The office of quaestor, the quaestnrship. It was the
first or lowest of the high offices of state, which gave the right to a seat in
the senate; and the age at which a person became eligible to it was 25.
2. The quaestor's chest, the public chest, the public money.
qoastus, us, and +i. i». 1. Gain, profit. 2. +A profitable employment :
omnia quaestui sunt, everything is looked on as a matter of profit, Sail.;
habere quaestui rempublicam, to make a market of one's political power,
Cic ; pecuniam in quantu relinquere, to lend money on usury, Cic
qua II bet. adv. 1. +Anywhere, everywhere. 2. Anyhow, by any means.
qualis, e. adj. 1. (luterrog. direct and indirect) Of what kind? 2.
(Rtlat.) Such as, of such a kind as. 3. (When answering talis, such)
Am. 4. §As (adverbially) : qualis .... Philomela amissos queritur
fetus, as the nightingale bewails her lost brood, Virg. 5. (lu logic)
Having some quality or other.
qnaliscunque, qualecunque, etc adj. 1. (Kdat.) Of whatever kind, of
what character soever. 2. (ltiJff.) Any whatever.
qualitas, atis. f. A quality, property, natural condition.
jqualiter adv. 1. §As, in such a manner as. 2. Jin what way, how.
qualus, in, A basket, a hamper, for fruit, wool, etc
quam. adv. 1. How, in what manner, in what a degree, how much. 2.
(With a snperl.) As much as possible : quam minimus, the greatest pos
sible; quam mollissime, in the most delicate possible manner, Cic; tyran
nise quam qui unquam ssevissimus, the most cruel tyrant that ever existed,
1,'v. 3. (After a compar.) Than. 4. (After tarn) As: tarn magis
ilia fremene .... quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnee, she
raging the more, the more the battle (lit. so much the more in propor
tion as the battle) gets fierce with bloodshed, Virg. Sometimes quam
joins two comparatives : libentius quam verius, with more eagerness than
truth, Cic. 5. (After contra, alius, alitor, etc.) Than : allter quam
ego velim, in a different manner from what I could wish, or otherwise than
I could wish, Cic; dimidium quam quod regibus ferre soliti erant, the half
of what they had been used to pay to their kings, Liv. 6, (After nu
FJ 3
438 QUA
merals or adverbs of time) After : die vipesimi quam creatns erat, the
twentieth day after he had been appointed, Liv. ; postridie quam fuitsemu,
the day after we had been . . . Cic. 7. (To qualify an adj., verb, or
adv.) Very : quam pauci, very few, Cic.
quamdiu. adv. 1. (Relat.) As long as. 2. (Interrop.) How long?
Squamllbet. adv. 1. As one pleases, at pleasure. 2. How muck so
ever, ever so much.
quamobrem. adv. 1. (Relat) On which account, wherefore, why. 2.
(fnterrog.) Why ? on what account? for what reason?
quamplures, plura. compar. pi. ■ qnamplurimus, a, um. sttprrl. Very many,
very great (of number): quamplurimo, at tbe highest possible price, at a
gr at price.
quamprimum. adv. At the first possible moment, as soon as possible.
quamvis. adv. 1. As much as you will, in as great a degree as you will,
ever so. 2. Very, very much (with another adv. or adj.). 3. How
ever much. 4. Though, although.
quanam. tide. Where.
quando. adv. and interrog. 1. When, at what time. 2. (re&st) Wla,
at the time when. 3. si quando, if ever, if at any time.
qnanddcunque (sometimes in tmesis), and quandoque. adv. 1. When
ever, as often as, as soon as. 2. §Some time or other, hereafter.
quandoquldem. adv. Since, inasmuch as.
quanquam. adv. Though, although, albeit.
•fquantillus. a, tun. adj. How little, how small.
Jquantitas, atis. / Quantity.
quanto. adv. 1. {Relat.) By how much, by as much as, according as, is
proportion as. 2. (Interrog.) How much ? by how much ? 3. (Ae-
swering tanto with a comparative) The more . . . the more : quanto aspenor
oppugnatio, tanto crebriores liters mittebantur, the fiercer the siege was, tie
more frequent were the letters which were sent, Caa.
quantopere. adv. relat. How greatly, how much.
quantulum. adv. How little.
quantulus, a, um. adj., relat and interna. How little, how small.
quantiiluscunque, quantulacunque, etc. adj. How little soever, however
small or trifling.
quantum, adv. 1. (Relat.) As much as : quantum potest, as much si
possible, Cic. ; quantum in te est, as far as it depends on you, Cic ; »
far as you are concerned, Cic. 2. With a compar., very rare, equiv.
to quanto. 3. The more : vino et lucemis Medus acinaces Immare
quantum discrepat, how vastly incompatible is the Median dagger will
feasting, Hor.
quanturuvis. adv. 1. As much as you will, how much soever, evi
2. §A though,
quantus, a, um. adj. 1. (Relat and inttrrog.) How great 2. A»
great as, as much as, such as (in point of size, extent, or power): quanta»
est fitimenti hornotoni exnraveruut, all this year's corn they dug up, Cic.
3. (With a super!, equiv. to quam) As great as possible: quanta msx-
ima esse potest distantia, the greatest possible difference, Cic. 4. (A**
swering tantus) As : tanta dimicatio quanta nunqunm fuit, such a straff»
as never was seen, Cic. (G'ea.) quanti, with verbs of valuing, boring,
etc. ; (relat. and interrog.) at what p ice, how greatly : cum sciss qua"0
Tulliam faciam, since you know how dearly I love Tullia, Cic ; sed <[""iti
quanti bene emitnr quod necesse est, but whatever the price may be, »t»l
is indispensable is well bought, Cic ; in quantum, as far as. as mucosa.
quantuscumque, quantacunque, etc. adj. How great soever, hoaeref
gr<-nt
quantusllbet, quantallbet, etc. adj. How great soever, ever so great
quantusTis, quant&vi», etc. adj. However great, ever so great,
quapropter. adv. 1. (Interrog.) For what reason ? why? 2. fn"*1)
For which reason, wherefore, on which account
tSquaquam. adv. Anvwhere.
 QUA—QUE 439
quire, adv. 1. Whereby, by which means. 2. (Interrog. direct and
indirect.) Why? on what account ? for what reason? 3. (RelaL) For
which reason, wherefore.
Cquirtadecimanos, La A soldier of the Fourteenth Legion,
quartana, Be./* A quartan ague.
*quartanua, i. m. One who belongs to the Fourth Legion.
quartarius, La A quarter-part of any measure (esp. of liquid), a gill.
quarto, adv. A fourth time,
quartos, a, am. adj. Fourth : quartus pater, a great-great-grandfather.
Virg.
quartos decimus, a, um. adj. Fourteenth,
quasi adv. 1. As if, as it were. 2. Almost, nearly.
quasillum, La A basket to hold wool,
quaasatio, dais./ A shaking.
quaaso, as. r. «. 1. To shake, to toss about violently (a stronger word
than quatio), to brandish fiercely, to ware. 2. To shatter (as a storm
shatters a ship, and metaph. the state). 3. (v. n.) To wave, to rattle
while waving,
quassus, a, um. part. past. fr. quatio. 1. Shaken. 2. Shattered,
leaky (of ships battered in a storm): quassa: faces, pieces of pine wood split
to make torches, Ov.
+ Squassu3. us. m. A shaking,
quatefacio, Is, feci, factum, v. a. To cause to shake,
qoatenus. adv. 1. How far, up to what point, to what extent. 2. As
far as. 3. (fiterrog.) How far ? how long ? 4. §Since, seeing that.
quater. adv. Four times.
quaterui, as, a. adj. pi. By fours, four apiece, four together, four,
quatio, Is, quassi, quassum. v. a. 1. To shake, to toss about, to wave,
to brandish. 2. To batter (walls, etc.). 3. To agitate, to disquiet.
4. To harass (esp. with war) ; prac se quatit arctum, he drives on the bear
before him, Cic. (quoting an old poet),
quatriduom, i. n. A space of four days.
quatuor. indecL Four,
qoatuordecim. indtcl. Fourteen,
que. cunj. (never the first word in a clause, usu. the second). And, also,
both,
queis for quibus.—See qui.
quemadmodum. adv. 1. (Interrog. and relat.) In what manner, how.
2. Just as, as.
queo, is, Ivi. and +qultus sum. r. n. To be able, I can.
quercetum, i. n. A grove of oaks,
querceos. a. um. adj. Of oak, of oak leaves.
qnercus. its. /! 1. An oak. 2. Anything made of oak, or of oak leaves:
civilis quercus, a garland of oak leaves (usu. given for saving the life of a
citizen), Virg.
querela, tb.f. 1. A complaint. 2. A lamentation. 3. A plaintive
voice or sound,
queribundns, a, um. adj. Complaining, querulous.
qaerimonia, m.f. A complaint.
Cquerltor. aria. v. dtp. To complain.
quernus, a, um, and iquerneus, a, um. adj. Of oak, oaken, of oak leaves,
qoeror, cris, qaestus sum. v. dep. 1. To complain. 2. To bewail,
to lament, 3. To sing with plaintive note, to utter a plaintive note.
—See seq.
querelas), a, am. adj. 1. Complaining, querulous. 2. Plaintive, ut
tering a plaintive or low-toned note. 3. g Musical, sounding (used of
used ot
flutes, lyres, and even of a trumpet), ,
qaestus, a, um. part. fr. queror.
questui, us. m. 1. A complaint. 2. §A plaintive song (of the
iDgale).
PP 4
440 QUI
«wi qsnm. ymLfm. —jwa, «4c (Sm Las. Gr.). prom. I. (Interna.-) Who*
)Vw> 'X(KmL) Who (~f inanimate thing*), which ; in relative aen-
Mn> qui sway be often translated, and I, and he, etc : ratio docet ate
Deo, qo» csweeuee ■ . . raaaoa shows no that there are Gods, and when this
has been panted . . . Cic X (Qui often states a reason and may be trans
lated ; Since. Mabtimaa iter facere pedibus, qui iocommodissime navirasse-
aaas, we pre sirred i—I iag thejewrney by land, since we had bad a very bad
vorage (.aw qciw*. 4. (After dignut, tarn, etc., it may be translated)
To, as to. Dicnws awi isaperet, worthy to command, Cic; qui;* potest ease
*«■ sneate captas qui neget? who can be so deficient in sense as to deny ?
Cic 5. (Sometimes qui expresses an idea of accordance with) Paler
tana si viveret. qua seTcncat* fait, tu profecto non viveres, if your father
qui afire, sach was ha severity, yoa weald certainly not be so, Cic C
(After si or mam) Any : si qoi accident, if any one bad fallen. Caw. 7.
(rVoat) As mach as : qaod ad me attiaet, as far as it depends on me, as far
as I us concerned, Cic; qaod sens ex it* redactum est, all the brass that
was got from thesm. Li*.; (a. abL awe. : see quo J quatnduo quo hate gesta
strut, four days after these things were done, Cic
{wL aaV. l.(ReiaL and imlerrog.) How, in what manner. S. fWhere
fore, why. J. Wherewith, by which means: qui efferretur vix reliquit,
be scarcelT left any means by which be could be buried (i. e. money to pay
for his funeral), Nep. 4. tWhenee, from what quarter, from what
cause. 5. Oh that! oh I wish that!
•win. oxfr. Because : fquiinaoj, why ? wherefore ?
flatusr-* quiequid, etc.—«Sar quisquam, quisquis, etc
quicumque. quscumque. etc Whoever, whosoever, (of inanimate thinri)
whatcTer: qusscunque potai ratione placavi,I pacified them by every meant
in my power, Ck.
amid. oi«r. uswrroa. Why ? wherefore ? for what reason ?
qnidam, quaedam. qnoddam; and when used substantively, quiddam, etc.
prom. A certain, some ; often as #*6st., someone somebody, something.
quidem. odr. 1. Indeed. 2. At least, in truth, forsooth: »»....
quidem (with the word to which they refer between them), not even :
afflictis succurrit, qui quidem Serviliam coloent, he assisted people in dis-
treat ; for instance, be paid great respect to Senilis, Nep.
quiet), etia./. 1. Rest, quiet, tranquillity. 2. A quiet life, neutrality
between political parties. 3. Repose, sleep : uti . . . eomno et quietism
ceteris, to indulge in sleep and other relaxations, Cic 4. §The sleep of
death. 5. Peace. 6. t§The resting place, lair, or den of a wild
beast.
quiesco, in, ivi, etum. v. «. 1. To rest, to repose, to keep quiet. %■
To remain neutral (between opposite parties). 3. To be at peace.
4. To sleep, to be at rest, to be quiet, inactive, undisturbed, etc (of arms,
of fire ceasing to burn, of the sea after a storm: iudoctusque pilse...
quiescit, and he who does not know how to play at ball keeps quiet and
does not play, Hot.; quiescat rem adduci ad interregnum, let him remsii
quiet and allow matters to come to an interregnum, Cic 4. +To cease,
to desist (c in tin.).
quiete. adv. Quietly, peacefully, tranquilly, in quiet
quietus, a, urn. adj. 1. Quiet, tranquil (of persons and circumstances)
2. Peaceful, neutral (between opposite parties). 3. Calm, proceeding
gently, undisturbed, not agitated (of air, a stream, etc.). 4. J A sleep.
qnilibet, quasllbet, etc. Any one (person or thing) on* likes, any : erre-
gius quibuslibet temporibus senatus, who would at any (or every) period
have been a splendid senate, Liv.; non quilibet, sed certus [motut], not
any gesture (the first that comes into one's head), but a certain appointed
one ; do nomen quodlibet illi, I call her by any name I fancy at the
moment, Hor.
quill, cmj. [qui non.] 1. (After negatives or verbs of preventing, for
bearing, denying, doubting, etc.) That not, so as not, but that, but : facere
 QUI 441
noil possum qnin ad te mittsra, I cannot but tend (I cannot help lending)
to you ; cum nemo esset quin hoc »e audisse liquide dioeret, when there
» not a single person who did not say he had heard it distinctly, Cic.
2. (After verbs of doubting, suspecting, etc., with a negative) That : non
dubitabat quin . . . non posset, he did not doubt that he was not able, Cic.
3. Because not: non quin breviter reddi responsum potuerit, it was not
because a brief answer could not have been given, Liv. 4. But indeed,
but really, nay indeed. 5. Moreover. 6. (Intcrrcuj.) Why not ?
quin potius pacem seternam .... exerceuius? why should we not rather etta
Wish a perpetual peace ? Virg.
tquinam, qnmnam, etc. proa, interrog. Who ? (of inanimate things)
what ?
quincunx, cis. m. 1. Five-twelfths of an as, i. e. five ounces of a pound,
of a pint. 2. JFour per cent, interest. 3. Treat planted at a five is
marked on dice, i. e. in alternate rows.
tquincuplex, ids. adj. Fivefold; quincuplex cera, a writing tablet of five
waxed leaves,
quindecies. adv. Fifteen times.
quindeCLxn. indeel. Fifteen.
-qnindecimviralij, e. adj. Belonging to the quindecimviri.
quindeeimvlri, orum. pi. m. A board or commission of fifteen magistrates,
or commissioners nppuinted for different purposes,
quingeni, as, a. atlj. pi. Five hundred apiece.
qaingentesimtu, a, tun. adj. Fivehundredth.
quingenti, as, a: adj. Five hundred,
quingenties. adv. Five hundred timet,
qnini, a. a. adj. pL 1. Five apiece, five each. 2. Five.
quinideni. or quindeni, as, a. adj. pi 1. Fifteen apiece. 2. + Fifteen.
quiniviceni, 89, a. adj. pi. Twenty-five each,
quinquigeni. as, a. adj. pi. 1. Fifty each. 2. Fifty,
quinquageslmus. a, um. adj. Fiftieth,
quinquaginta. induct. Fifty.
quinquatrus, ium. p/.f. Two festivals of Minerva, Majorat and Minores :
the Majorat fell the fifth day after the Idea of March (from which cir
cumstance the name was derived), i. e. March 19 ; the Minora on the Ides
of June, l. e. June 13.
quinque. inded. Five,
quinquennalis, e. adj. Occurring every five years, or every fifth year,
lasting five years,
quinquennia, e. adj. 1. Five years old. 2. Occurring every fifth
year,
quinquennium, i n. A period of five years,
qoinquepartitus, a, um. adj. Divided into five parts, fivefold.
quinqueremis, ia. /". A ship with five banks of oart.
quinqueviratus, fit. m. The dignity of a quinquevir.—See teq.
quinquevir, drum. pi. m. A board of five magistrates or commissioners, ap
pointed for various purposes,
quinquies. adv. Five times.
tquinqaipllco, as. v a. To multiply fivefold.
qnintanua, a, um. adj. The fifth in order. f. at nilt.il. (sc. via quintana).
1. A street intersecting the camp of two legions to as to separate the fifth
maniple and squadron from the sixth. 2. The market in a camp; m. pi.
at ■'</,.'., the soldiers of the fif:h legion.
ftuinUlis.ia.nl. July, (as adj.) of July.
quinto, and quintnm. adv. For the fifth time,
quintus, a, um. adj. Fifth.
quintusdecJmut quintadecima, etc. adj. Fifteenth. ^ef
quippe. adv. I. Surely, certainly, truly, forsooth. 2. (With et oretiam)
Moreover. 3. (With erim. etenim, quia, etc.) For indeed, inasmuch at
since in fact. 4. quippe qui, as one in fact who, tince I, you, or hr
i
442 QUI
indeed [tamiiia cu nitre nan inibat] quippe qui ne in nppidum quidem
nisi perraro veneres, in fact be did not even come into the town bnt Tery
seldom, Cic; nibil attinet earn ex lege considerate, qnippe qua in lege
acrpta dod ait, it i» of no uae to consider it in reference to the law, inasmuch
as it is not mentioned in the law, Cic.
fquippini, or quipplsi adv. Why not ?
Qulrinalis, e. adj. Of or belonging to Quirinns or Romulus, such as was
borne by Romulus, («. as smlnL) the Quirinal Hill, (a. pi. as subst.) the
qurrnal festival on 17th February, in honour of Romulus.
Qulnnm, i. m. 1. The name under which Romulus was worshipped:
gemini Quirini, Romulus and Remus, Jut. 2. A name of Janus:
Janum Quirini clausit, it has closed the temple of Janns, Hor. : victorisque
arma Quiiini, and the arms of the divine conqueror Augustus, Virg.
jSQuirinus, a, in. adj. Belonging to Quirinus.
Quiris, Itii. «.; more usu. in pL Qnirites, ium. 1. (Once in VirgO An
inhabitant of Cures, where Nuroa was born. 2. (After the union of
the Sabine and Roman nation it came to mean) A citizen of Rome in
his civil capacity, not as a soldier : divus Julius seditionem ezerdtss
Terbo uno coropescuit, Qnirites vocando qui sacramentum ejus detree-
tabant, the late chief, Julius, put down a mutiny in his army by a
single word, calling those men Qnirites who were renouncing their oath
to him, Tac; quis te redonaTit Quiritem Diis patriis? who has restored
yon to your household Gods as a peaceful citizen (having quitted the
military service) ? Hor. Populus Romanus Quiritium was the technical
expression for the whole body of Roman citizens ; Jus Quiritium, fall
Roman citizenship. Of bees, Virgil says. Ipse regem parvosque Quintes
sufficiunt, by themselves they supply a king and the little citizens of
their commonwealth.
qulritatio, onit.f. A plaintive cry, a cry for help.
qoirito. as. r. a. 1. To raise a plaintive cry, to wail. 2. To cry sat
loudly.
qui*, quae (nom. sing, fern., and nom, and ace pi. neuL, more usu. qui),
quid, mterroo. pron.\ usu. as subst. but in the mnsc. sometimes joined with
another subst. as an adj. 1. Who? Which? (of inanimate things).
What? Used also in indirect questions: rogitat quit vir esset, he asks
who he is, Liv. 2. (After num, ne, si, or tquanto, quantum) Any,
some : nisi quid existimas in ea re violari existimationem tuam, unless yoo
think that your reputation is in any degree injured in that affair, Cic; (and
sometimes without any of these words preceding it) injuxiam cui faeere, to
do harm to any one, Cic
quisnam, quasnam, etc pron. interrog.; a more emphatic form of quia.
Who? Which P (of inanimate things) What?
quispiam, qusepiam, etc., qnodpiam ; when used subst. quidpiam. prat,
indef. Any, some, any one, some one; of inanimate things, anything,
something.
quisquam, quid— or quicquam, no pi. pron. indef. subst. (also as adj. by
Plant.). Any one, some one; (of inanimate things) anything, something.
quisque, quaeque. quodque; and when used as subst. n. quidque. pron. I.
Kvery, each, everyone, everything. 2. Each (of two) (often c. gen.) :
tuorum quisque necessariorum, every one of your intimate friends, Cic;
doctissimus quisqne, all the learned, Cic; tertio quoque verbo excitxbator,
he was stirred up at every third word, Cic; primo quoque tempore, st
the first possible moment, Cic. 3. (Very rare; for quicunque) Who
ever : cujujque populi cives vicissent, of wnichever nation the citizens went
victorious, Liv.
quisquilis, arum. pi. f. Waste, refuse, sweepings, offscourings, dregs.
quisquis, quid, or quioquid, no fern, (quisquis used as fem. by PlauLi, no si
pron. indef. Whoever, whostiever, whichever; (of inanimate things) what
ever: quoquo modo se res haneat, however the matter may bo, Cic. (often
 QUI—QUO 443
tgen.); Deorum qnicquid in coelo regit terras, whatever God in heaven
govern» the earth, Hor.
qiivis, qosevis, qaodvis, etc. Any whatever, any: quxvis amplificationes,
all sorts of amplifications, Cic; qudvis (i. c. quavis ratione) aspergere
cunctos. to ridicule every one in every way, Hor.
t*§quiviscunqne, quseviscunque, etc. Any whatever.
•a». adv. 1 . To what place, whither (often c. gen.) : quo amentia: pro-
grrssi sitis, (you do not seem to know) to what a pitch of folly you have
advanced, Liv. 2. (After si) Any where, any «hither. 3. To what
end, to what purpose: quo mihi fortunam si noil co'iccditur uti ? what is
the good to me of having fortune if I may not use it ? Hor. 4. Where
(often c gen.): nescire quo loci esset, not to know where (in what place)
he was, Cic. 5. On which account, for which reason. 6. (After a
negative) Because, that: non quo lihenter mnli nndiam, not that I like to
be spoken ill of. 7. That (after verbs of providing, etc): cautnm erat quo
ne plus auri et argenti facti . . . domi haberenms, it was provided that we
should have no more wrought gold or silver plate at home, Liv. 8.
(When answered by eo or hoc) In proportion as: quo difficilius hoc prae-
cUrius, the more difficult it is, the more glorious is it (i. e. in proportion as
it is more difficult it is more glorious), Cic
quoad, adv. 1. As long as, whilst. 2. Till, until 3. How far.
4. As far as, in as great a degree as.
quocirca. adv. For which reason, wherefore.
quoconque (sometimes in tm si), adv. Whithersoever, wherever.
food. amj. 1. Because, that, in that. 2. (After the mention of a
reason) Why : nihil est quod, . . . there is no reason why, . . . Cic. 3.
§Although, though. 4. (When followed by si or nisi) But. 5.
(After din) Since.
qnodammodo. adv. Somehow or other, in some way, in some degree.
quollbet. adv. To any place whatever.
quominas. adv. (after verbs of hindering, deterrin?, forbidding, refusing, ob
jecting, etc.). That not, from : ncquis impediretttr quominus frueretur. . .,
that no one might be hindered enjoving (i. e. from enjoying . . .), Nep. ;
stetisse per Trebonium quominus oppido potirentur videbatur, it appeared
to have been owing to Trebonius that they did not become masters of the
town, Caes.
qnomod8. adv., retat. and intcrrog. How ? in what manner ?
quomodocnrnqne. adv. In what manner soever, however.
quomodonam. adv. inlerrog. How ? in what manner?
quonam. adv. inttrrog. Whither? to what purpose?
quondam, adv. 1. Once, formerly. 2. Sometimes, at times. 3.
SJEver, at any time (of the future).
quoniam. adv. Since, whereas, seeing that,
quopiam. adv. To any place.
qaoquam. adv. 1. To any place, whithersoever. 2. §tln any
point.
qndque. cow;. Also, likewise, too.
quoqao. adv. To whatever place, whithersoever.
quoquomSdo. adv. 1. In whatever manner, however. 2. In every pos
sible way.
qnoquoversna, or tun. adv. In every direction.
quorsna, or -tun. adv. 1. To what place, whither. 2. To what pur
pose, with what object: quorsum est opus? for what do you want it?
Hor. ; verebar quorsum id casurum esset, I was afraid how it would
turn out, Cic
quot. adj. indecl. 1 . "How many. 2. As many as.
qudtannis. adv. Every year.
quotennque. indrcU How many soever, as many as.
qnoteni, a», a, adj. pi. How many apiece, how many.
442 QUI
indeed [convivia cam patre non inibat] qulppequi ne in o-
niii perraro veneret, in fact he did not eTen come into th*-
seldom, Cic; nihil attinet earn ex lege considerare, q
scripta non lit, it is of no use to consider it in reference I
as it is not mentioned in the law, Cic.
+quippini, or qinpplni. ado. Why not ?
Quirinalis, e. adj. Of or belonging to Qnirinns or 1
borne by Romulus, (m. a» most.) the Quirinal Hill
quirinal festival on 17th February, in honour of R
Quirinus. i. m. 1. The name under which I:
gemini Quirini, Romulus and Remus, Juv.
Janum Quirini clausit, it has closed the temple
anna Quiiini, and the arms of the divine coiv
SQuirinus, a, am. adj. Belonging to Qairimu.
Quiris, ltia. m. ; more usu. in pi. Quirites. it:
inhabitant of Cures, where Noma was I-
the Sabine and Roman nation it came r
his civil capacity, not as a soldier: di
yerbo uno compescuit, Quirltes vocando
tabant, the late chief, Julius, put di>
single word, calling those men Quint.-.
to him, Tac. ; quis te redonavit Quiir
you to your household Gods as a
military service) ? Hor. Popiilm
expression for the whole body of
Roman citizenship. Of bees, Yrir:"
aufficiunt, by themselves tbey sun . .:i.c degree.
their commonwealth,
qulrit&tio, onia./. A plaintive c
quirito, as. r. a. 1. To raise n
loudly,
quia, quae (nom. sing, fern., and
quid, irtterroa. pron.\ usu. a*
another subst. as an adj. ••• y.
Whnt? Used also in indn el ■ .' rums, frantic, lavage.
who he is, Liv. 2. (Alt, '. Mtage fierceness, violence (of
•onie : nisi quid existimas I • •> i ">"•■ to put an end to the fury of civil dis-
think that your reputation in in. w'litris exegit rabies, whom cruel raveawu
sometimes without any of Cm indomita rabies, the fierceness of love, lior.
do harm to any one, Cic • v, tiauticly.
quisnam, queenam, etc. »»'"s, mad, furious, fierce, frantic
Who? Which ? (of inn i> rage, to be furious, to be frantic
quispiam, qusepiam, etc.. ."u^ler, a wrangling noisy speaker,
indff. Any, some, itv .'• 1 . Bearing clusters of grapes. 2. Crowned
something. - .
qnisquam, quid- or quae stalk of a cluster of grap.i. A cluster cf
Plant.). Any one, bin nwemis, not mixed with grapes i. e. with wise (of
quisque, queeque. I
roots, by the roota (of eradicating), utterly, com

rook
una, to shine, to glitter, to glow (also pa*.).
ae same sense.)
u a stake. 2. A spoke of a wheel.
■ buttle (in weaving). 5. (The nw*l
a brilliant light, a Hash. 6. A kind ol'

2. A r.iJish. 3. The foot, bottom, w

rock, a feather, a tongue, etc): l'ora-
ipey a man of such power, so nrmJy
 HAD-EAP 445
1 »x iisdem, quibus nos, radicibus natus,
-If, Cic.
ratch. 2. To shave. 3. To
through, gently or lightly:
the rocks of Pachrnnm,
'h rough the liquid
■ upon (i. e. to

nod.
knocked

it' three original

'. One of the three
i.amnes, the Proud

. diving branches [the

i iii%. with serpents spring-
i, paths branching off in

inch of a tree, a bough. 2.

.icr. 3. A dub: stemmate
* it you trace yonr origin in the
. I'its. ; quce Samios dednxit litem
•. used by Pythagoras (as a symbol of
.-■ virtue and vice, the Greek Tj, Pers.
i' frocfish.
u, and dim. rancidulus. a, am. adj. 1.
2. Loathsome, disgusting,
j. a tadpole.
—. rapacity,
•.■reedy of plunder, rapacions, covetous, seizing,
. away all things (of floods, winds, etc).

. .-wiftly, hurriedly.
1. §(Rare) Rapacious, fierce, devouring (of wild
, nf heat, etc.). 2. (More usu.) Quick, rapid, swift,
v. 3. Hasty, precipitate.
i. Kapine, plundering, pillage. 2. Booty, plunder.
, raptnm. r. a. 1. To seize, to seize and carry off, to
-;i, itch, to drag, draw, tear, bear, carry or hurry away, to put
' nn : rapuitque in fomite flammam, and he quickly stirred up
c;ie fuel, Virg.; nigrum rapuere cnlnrem, they speedily assumed
■ uur, Ov.; feroces mille rapit populos, he leads on with speed a
l fierce tribes, Virg. ; rapiuntque ruuntque, they snatch up things
.Try and rush about, Virg.; pars densa ferarum tecta rapit sylvas,
range swiftly through the woods, the thick retreat of wild beasts.
To carry off by force, to seize as plunder, to steal, to abduct, to ravish.
To plunder, to pillage. 4. To conquer rapidly* 5. To seize, to
transport, to ravish, attract, to hurry away (as a feeling or temptation attracts
cr hurries a person away, etc.) : ut limis rapias quid prima secundo cera velit
verso, that you may with a glance seize the information what the first page
contains in the second line (which would contain tho name of the heir),
Hor.
riptira. adv. Hastily, hurriedly, swiftly, speedily.
raptio, finis, f. A carrying off, a ravishing,
rapto, as. e. a. 1. To seize, to carry off, to hurry away, to drag along.
2. *To waste, to lay waste, to ravage, to pillage, to plunder. 3. tTo
hurry away (as a feeling does), to agitate: quid raptem in crimina Divos ?
why should I be in haste to involve Deities in accusations ? Prop.
444 QUO-BAD
quStidianrts, B, um. adj. 1. Every day, daily, happening, etc., every
day. 2. Usual, ordinary, common, in every day use.
quotidie. adv. Daily, every day.
quoties. adv. 1. How often. 2. As often as.
quotiescumque. adv. How often soever, u often at.
quotquot. imlecl. As many ;is, however many : quotqaotsunt dies, as msay
(oxen) as there are days in a year; or (according to others) every day,
Hor.
quotas, a, um. adj. 1. How many, of what number. 2. How much,
what quantity : in Atrida pan quota laudis erat? how much of the glory
belonged to Agamemnon? Ov.; hora quota est? what is the hour? what
o'clock is it? Hor.; in quotus esse velis rescribe, do you write word with
how many companions you mean to come, Hor. 2. quotas quisque.
how many, i. e. how few ; forma quota quseque superbit, bow few are really
beautiful, Ov.
Iquotuscunque, quSt&cunque, etc. adj. Whatever the number or sue uj
be, however great or small, how great, i. e. how smalL
quovis. adv. Whithersoever you please, to any place whatever.
quousque. adv. Till what time, how long?
quum, also written CUUL conj. When (c. indie, or subj.; see Eion LaL
Gr. § 130.) : multi anni suit quum ille in sere men est, it is many yean
since or that (i. e. during which) be has been in my debt, Cic 2.
Since, as, seeing that (c. subj.). 3. In that (c indie): prceclare fscil
quum Luculli memoriam tenes, you do very well in preserving {or to pre
serve, in that you preserve) a recollection of Lucullus, Cic 4. Quan
.... tam, not only .... but also, both .... and.
qutimmaxime, adv. Very especially, in the greatest possible degree.

R.
Babide. adv. Furiously, madly, franticly.
rabidus, a, um. adj. Raving, mad, furious, frantic, savage.
rabies, v'v.f. Rage, madness, fury, savage fierceness, violence (of storms,
beat, etc.) : rabiem tollcre civicam, to put an end to the fury of civil dis
sensions, Hor. ; quos improba ventris ejeegit rabies, whom cruel raveasos
hunger has driven on, Virg. ; indomita rabies, the fierceness of love, Hot.
rabiose. adv. Furiously, madly, franticly.
r&biosus, a, um. adj. Raving, mad, furious, fierce, frantic.
t&ir&bo, is, no perf. v. n. To rage, to be furious, to be frantic.
r&bula, ae. m. A furious bawler, a wrangling noisy speaker.
■sracemifer, era, erum. adj. 1. Bearing clusters of grapes. 2. Crowned
with grapes (of Bacchus).
r&cemus, i. m. 1. The stalk of a cluster of grapes. 2. A cluster of
grapes : mistus null is racemis, uot mixed with grapes i. e. with wine (of
water), Ov.
radicltus. adv. With the roots, by the roots (of eradicating), utterly, cost
pletely.
radicula, m. /. A little root.
radio, as. r. n. To emit beams, to shine, to glitter, to glow (also pan.).
r&dior, aris. part. -atus. (In the same sense.)
radius, i. n>. 1. A staff, a rod, a stake. 2. A spoke of a wheel.
3. The radius of a circle. 4. A shuttle (in weaving). 5. (The nest
usu. meaning) A beam, a ray, a brilliant light, a flash. C. A kind •>
olive.
radix, Icis. / 1. A root. 2. A radish. 3. The foot, bottom, «■
foundation (of anything, a hill, a rock, a feather, a tongue, etc.): Poav
peius eo robore vir, lis radicibus, Pompey a man of such power, so finaly
 BAD — RAP 445
rested in the state, Cic. ; [Marius] ex iisdem, quibus DOS, radicftras natus,
rf the same origin (or country) as myself, Cic.
rido. is, n, sum. v. a. 1. To scrape, to scratch. 2. To share. 3. To
polish. 4. To touch gently, to pass by or through gently or lightly:
nxa Pachyni radiums, we shave (i. e. pass close to) the rocks of Pachynum,
Virg.; radit iter liquidum, she (a bird) skims her way through the liquid:
air, Virg. ; teneras mordaci radere vero Auriculas, to grate upon (L e. to
offend) tender ears by biting truths, Pers.
riniile. is. n. (usu. in pi.). A dead branch, (in pL) sticks, brushwood.
tjximentmn, i. n. (usu. in pi.). Shavings, scrapings, chips, bits knocked
off (from anything), refuse, what is thrown up.
-rumens, a, tun. adj. Of a branch, of a bough.
Eamnes, ium, and Ramnenses, inm. pi. m. 1 . One of the three original
Roman tribes (the others were Tities and Luceres). 2. One of the three
centuries of knights instituted by Romulus: Celsi Rainnes, the Proud
Knights, Hor.
rimosus, a, am. a\lj. Branching (lit. and metaph.), having branches [the
Hydra] : ramosa natis e csjde colubris, branching out, with serpents spring
ing from the head cut off, Ov.; ramosa compita, paths branching off in
various directions, Pers.
ramus, i. m., and dim. ramuhis, i. m. 1. A branch of a tree, a bough. 2.
Anything like a branch, a branching antler. 3. A club: stemmate
quod Tusco ramum millesime dncis, that yon trace your origin in the
thousandth descent from a Tuscan stock, Pers.; quae Samios deduxit litera
ramos, the letter which has the branch used by Pythagoras (as a symbol of
the diverging paths of life, leading to virtue and vice, the Greek T), Pers.
rana. e./ I. A frog. 2. The frogfish.
trancens, entis; rancldue, a, am, and dim. rancidulns, a, am. adj. 1.
Rank, rancid, putrid, stinking. 2. Loathsome, disgusting.
ranunculus. La, A little frog, a tadpole.
rapacitaa, atis. /". Greediness, rapacity.
rapax. acis. adj. Grasping, greedy of plunder, rapacious, covetous, seizing,
carrying off or sweeping away all things (of floods, winds, etc).
raphanus. iw. A radish.
riplde. adv. Rapidly, swiftly, hurriedly.
rapidus. a, am. adj. 1. §(Rare) Rapacious, fierce, devouring (of wild
besets, of the sea, of heat, etc.). 2. (More usu.) Quick, rapid, swift,
speedy, moving rapidly. 3. Hasty, precipitate.
rapina, ee. /. 1. Rapine, plundering, pillage. 2. Booty, plunder.
rapio, is, rapui, raptum. r. a. 1. To seize, to seize and carry off, to
carry off, to snatch, to drag, draw, tear, bear, carry or hurry away, to put
in rapid motion : rapuitque in fomite nammam, and he quickly stirred up
a flame in the fuel, Virg.; nigrum rapuere cnlorem, they speedily assumed
a black colour, Ov.; feroces mills rapit populos, he leads on with speed a
thousand fierce tribes, Virg. ; rapiuntque ruuntque, they snatch up things
in a hurry and rush about, Virg. ; pars densa ferarum tecta rapit sylvas,
part range swiftly through the woods, the thick retreat of wild beasts.
2. To carry off by force, to seize ss plunder, to steal, to abduct, to ravish.
3. To plunder, to pillage. 4. To conquer rapidly. 6. To seize, to
transport, to ravish, attract, to hurry away (as a feeling or temptation attracts
or hurries a person away, etc.) : ut limis rapias quid prima setundo cera velit
verni, that you may with a glance seize the information what the first page
contains in the second line (which would contain the name of the heir),
Hor.
raptim. adv. Hastily, hurriedly, swiftly, speedily.
traptio, 6nis./.' A carrying off, a ravishing.
rapto, as. t-. a. 1. To seize, to carry off, to hurry away, to drag along.
2. JTo waste, to lay waste, to ravage, to pillage, to plunder. 3. +To
hurry away (as a feeling does), to agitate: quid raptem in crimina Divos ?
why should I be in haste to involve Deities in accusations ? Prop.
446 EAP-EAD
raptor, oris. m. One who seizes, one who carries off, a plunderer, robber,
ravisher : lupi raptores, rapacious wolves, Virg.
raptum, i. s>. Plunder, pillage, booty.
raptua, fix. m. 1. A carrying oiF, a seizing, a tearing; or dragging away.
2. Abduction, ravishing, rape.
raptus, a, um. part. pass. fr. rapio, q. r.
frapum. i. n„ and rapulum, lb. A turnip.
■Hrarefacio, Is, feci, factum, v. a. To rarefy, to make thin or light
raresco, is, no perf. v. n. To grow thin or light, to become rarefied : anp»$i
rarescent claustra Pelori, the barriers of the narrow Peloras will gro»
wider, will open, Virg.; sonitus rarescit arena*, the noise of the sand gels
more faint, Prop.
rarltas, atil./ 1. Looseness of texture. 2. Smallness of number,
rarity, fewness.
raro. adv. 1. Rarely, seldom. 2. Thinly, in small numbers.
ranis, a. um. wlj. 1. Of loose texture, having wide interitiees: rrtii
rara, nets with holes, i. e. meshes, Virg.; rariores sylv-se, the thinner parts
of the forest, Tac 2. Far apart, thin, scattered. 8. Scanty, in
small numbers, few: qua Samnites raris ordinibus consluerant,
where the Samnites had stationed themselves with their ranks widelj
spread, Liv. , ex sylvis ran propugnabant, they sallied out of the wo«i«
and fought in skirmishing order, Cses. ; vitio parentum ran juventui, tbe
youth thinned by the vices ol their parents, Hor. 4. Rare, uncommon,
unusual, of rare excellence.
rasllis. e. adj. Scraped, smoothed, polished, smooth.
rastram, i n pi.; nsu. rastri m. A rake, a harrow.
ratio, onis./ 1. A reckoning, an account, a calculation, a computatics:
abs te rationem reposcent, they will call you to account, Caes. 2. A list.
a roll, a register. 3. A sum, an amount (rare). 4. A transaction, a
matter of business, an affair, business : me ad ejus rationes adjungo, I nmtt
myself to (I embrace) his interest, Cic; ad omnem rationem humanittt*,
on every consideration of humanity, Cic. 5. Relation, reference, respect:
ad nostrorum annalium rationem, with respect to our annals, Cic 6. A
regard for, concern, consideration, care (esp. in the phrases hafaeo *
duco rationem, c gen.). 7. Course, conduct, procedure, method, plan.
system. 8. Condition, nature, character, kind, sort. 9. The mann
ing faculty, reason, judgment. 10. A reason, a ground for action, a
course, motive, object. 11. A reason alleged, an argument 1-
Reasoning, ratiocination, argumentation. 1 3. Reasonableness, a ressso-
able course, regularity. 14. A theory, a doctrine, a view, an opinion.
ritioclnatio, onis./ 1. Ratiocination, argumentation. 2. A syHog>«»-
ratioclnativua, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to reasoning, argumentturt,
syllogistic.
ratiocinator, oris. m. A reckoner, a calculator, an accountant
ratiocincr, aril. v. dtp. 1 . To reckon, compute, calculate, sum up. -
To reason, to argue. 3. To infer, to conclude.
rationalis, e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to reason, rational. 8. Of ■
syllogism, syllogistic
ratis, is./ A raft, a float. 2. A ship, a boat
ratiuncula, 86. / 1. fA small reckoning, a little account - -*
slight reason. 1. A petty syllogism.
rat us. a, um. pari. fr. reor, q. v.; also in pass, sense, as adj. (c super!, etc).
1 . Fixed by calculation, fixed, established, unalterable, ratified, valid, **■
tain, sure : pro rata parte and pro rata, according to a fixed share, i. an
proportion, proportionally; ratum facio, rntum habeo, ratum duco, to rs'in";
idque ratum Slygii per mimina fratris annuit, and he nodded the ratines-
tion of his words, pledging himself by the waters of his Stygian UrotlWi
i. e. by the Styx, Virg.
sjrauclsonus, a, tun. adj. Hoarse (of a trumpet).
 RAU-EEC 447
rauctls, a, am adj. Hoarse, rough-sounding; n. sing, and pi. as adv.
hnarsel v.
randusculum, i. n. A small sum of money.
lira, a, um. adj. Tawny.
reapse. adv. In reality, really, actually.
Meatus, us. m. A being accused, a being a defendant.
rrebellatio, onis. f. Revolt, rebellion.
rebellatrii, Ida./'. Rebelling, rebellious, revolted (of a province).
rebellio, onia. /., and rebellium, i. n. A renewal of war, rebellion, revolt
rebellis. is. adj. Renewing war, rebellious, renewing resistance.
rebello, as. r. n. To renew war (after being conquered), to rebel, to revolt.
Ireboo. as. r. n. To resound, to re-echo, to sound loudly.
recaicltro, as. v. a. To kick out behind, to laah out.
recaleo, ea, and ricalesco, is, lui. v. n. To grow warm again, to warm
again, to be warm, to warm.
srtcalfacio, is, feci, factum, v. a. To make warm again, to warm again.
recandesco, is, dui, no sup. v. n. 1. To grow white again. 2. To
Brow warm again, to glow again, to glow.
recanto. as. r. a. 1. To recant, to recall. 2. iTo re-echo : curse re-
cantatie, cares charmed away, Ov.
recedo, is, cessi, cessum. o. n. 1. To go back, fall back, recede, retire,
retreat. 2. § To go to bed. 3. To stand back, to be placed back in a
recess. 4. (c. ab and abl.) To go away from, to depart from; (lit. and
metaph.) to be separated from. 5. To disappear : in ventos vita recessit,
his life vanished into air, Virg.; a vita recessit, he died, killed himself,
Cic; ab armis recessimus, and we laid aside our arms, Cic; nomen [hostes]
a peregrino recessit, the word hostes has lost the signification of foreigner,
Cic
ricello, is, no per/, v. n. To spring back, to fly back.
rtceas.entia.wy/. 1. Fresh, recent, new: recentes flores, freshly-blown
dowers, 11 or. ; serta recentia, newly-gathered garlands, Virg.; recens a
vnlnere Dido, Dido lately wounded, with her wound still fresh, Virg.;
Humerus qui recens ab illorum astate fnit, Homer who lived immediately
after their time, Cic. 2. Fresh, i. e. not fatigued, not brought into
action before (of troops, etc.) ; (compar. pi. as tubsl.) : retention's, the
modems, Cic.
recens. adv. Recently, newly, lately.
recenseo, es, ui, sum. v. a. 1. To reckon up, to count, to enumerate.
2. To survey, to examine, to review : signa recensuerat bis sol sua, twice
had the sun gone through the appointed signs of the zodiac, Or.
recensio, onis. f. 1. The register of the Censor. 2. £An enumeration,
a reckoning up.
Becentoricus ager. A district in Sicily, the public property of the Roman
people.
receptaculum. i. n. 1. A receptacle, magazine, reservoir, store, preserve.
2. A place of retreat, of refuge, a shelter, a retreat, a hiding place,
receptator, oris. m. A receiver, harbourer, concealer.
recepto, as. v. a. 1. To receive, to receive back again, to recover. 2.
To admit, to receive as a visitor. 3. §To draw back, pull back, take
back. Frigide Saturni srse quo Stella receptet, [observe] whither the cold
star of Saturn retires, withdraws itself, Virg.
receptor, oris, m..f. -trix, tricis. A receiver, a harbourer, a concealer,
receptum, L n. An engagement, promise, undertaking,
receptus, a. am. pari. paa. fr. recipio, q. v.
receptus, us. 1. JA recovery. 2. A withdrawing, retiring, a retreat :
Canar receptus cani jussit, Cauar ordered a retreat to be sounded, Cass.
3. A return. 4. A place to retreat to : nnde receptum ad pasnitendum
non haberent, from which there would be no room for them to turn and
■ repent, Liv.
recessus, us. m. 1. A going back, a receding, retiring, retreating : re
448 EEC
cessum prirais ultimi nan dabant, those behind prevented the first rank;
from retreating, Caes. 2. A secret place to which to retire, a retreat, a
recess : nos recessus ipse defendit, our remote situation ha* been our de
fence, Tac. ; umbra aliqua ac recessus, a degree of shade and background,
Cic.
recldlvm, a. run. adj. Flourishing again, restored.
recldo, is, cldi, casum. en. [cadn.] 1. To fall back, to fall again, to
relapse, to subside, to be subdued, beaten down, 2. To recoil. 3. To
fall, to sink, to settle down, to be reduced : ad nihilum recedere, to fan
away and corae to nothing, Cic 4. To fall in with, to light upon:
huccine omnia ceciderunt, it haa all come to this Cic; quorsum recidat
responsum tuum non magnopere laboro, I am not very anxious as la what
may be the tenor of your reply, Cic,
recldo, is, cldi, clsum. o. a. [casdo.] 1. To cut away, to cut off. 2,
To cut short, to prune, to retrench, to cut down : priscum ad
recidere, to prune (extravagance) down to the limits of old-fashioned tin
Tac.
grecingo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. To ungird, to loosen : recingor, T strip
myself, Ov.; sump unique recingitur anguem, and she divesta herself of tat
snake with which she was girded, Ov.
rScino, is, no perf. v. a. 1. To sing again, repeat "2. To re-echo.
recipio, Is, cepi, ceptom, v. a. 1 . To take back, get back, take again.
retake, regain, recover. 2. To draw off, withdraw, cause to retreat
(one's own troops, etc). 3. To reserve, to retain. 4. To admit.
to accept, to receive. 5. To take, to capture, to recapture. 6. To
receive (as income), to get. 7. To be liable to, capable of &. To
undertake, to engage (to do so and so), to promise : fidem lecepisK
sib; et ipsum et Appium de me, (he said) that both the man himself
and Appius had made him a solemn promise with respect to me, Cic
9. Recipio me (c ad and ace), to betake oneself to, to withdraw to. go
to (and even without me): si quo erat celeriua recipiendum, if there m
any point to which they ought to hasten with speed, Caes.; neque pnetor
recipere voluit (the phrase at lull length would be, nomeu recipere), nor
would the prstor entertain the charge, Cic; spatium recipient i a tauto
pavore animum, time to recover their courage after such an alarm, Liv.;
ut me recepi, when I recovered myself, Cic; in semet ipsum religion™
recipit, he takes the guilt of impiety on himself, Liv.; re jam non ultra
recipiente cunctationem, the matter no longer admitting of delay, Liv.
reclprooo, as. t>. a. 1. To move to and fro, forwards and backwards :
reciprocare animam, to recover one's breath, Liv.; in motu reciprocando,
in the alternate ebb and flow of the tide (in the Euripus), Cic; freten
reciprocat, the sea rises and falls, Liv.; quinqueremem reoiprocari sou
posse, that the quinquereme would not be able to tack, Liv. '-■ To
convert (a proposition).
reciprficus, a, urn. adj. Going to and fro, forwards and backwards, ebbing
and flowing.
recltatio, oais.f. A reading aloud, a reciting (of documents in a public
court, or of books, etc).
recltator, oris. >«. One who reads aloud (documents or literary works).
reclto, as. v. «. 1. To read out, to read aloud, to recite. 2. To
call over (a roll, a list, etc.). 3. JTo recite, i. e. repeat by heart.
reclamatio. onis. f. A cry of disapprobation or opposition.
reclame as, and reclam&to, as (rare), v. n. 1. To cry out against to
cry out at, so as to express disapprobation. 2. To reverberate, to re
sound ; ( paa. unpen.) : cum erat reclamatum, when aa outcry had been
rained at this, Cic
§recUnis, a. adj. Leaning back, reclining.
recliuo. as. «>. <i. 1. To bend back, to cause to lean back. 2. To
lay aside: nullum a labore me reclinat otium, no moment of rest gives
 REC 449
me a respite from labour, Hor. 3. reclino me, and pass, reclinor,
e«p. in part, reclinatus, to lie down, to recline,
recludo, is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To open, to throw or lay open (in any
way), to dig or break up (ground), to unsheathe (a sword), to pierce (a
breast with a sword), 2. To discover, to reveal, to display. 3. To
open the doors to, to let loose (passions, etc) : non lenis precibus fata re-
dadere, not inclined mercifully to open again (i. e. to annul) the decrees
of Fate for hum in prayers, Hor.
recoctus, a, am. part pan. fr. recaquo, q. v.
recoglto, as. v. a. To think over again, to consider deeply.
recognltio, 6nis./ 1. A recollection. 2. A review, a re-examination.
recognosco, is, novi, nitum. v. a. 1. To know again, to recognise, to
recollect. 2. To review, to pass in review, to survey, to examine.
recolligo, is, lexi, lectum. v. a. 1. To gather again. 2. To regain,
to recover: quod scribis etiamsi cujus animus in te esset offensior a me
recolligi oportere, as to your saying in your letter that even if some one was
rather offended at you, he ought to be reconciled to you by me ... . Cic ;
teque ipsa recolligis, and do you recover yourself (your courage), Ov.
recolo, is, ui, cultum. v. a. 1. To till again, to cultivate again. 2.
To inhabit again. 3. To resume, to renew (an occupation, etc). 4.
To re establish, to set up again. 5. To recollect, to think over again, to
cod template.
recompono. is, posui, ltum. v. a. To re-arrange.
reconclliatio, onis. f. A reconciliation (often c. gen. of the friendship,
goodwill, etc).
reconcQio, as. v. a. 1. To reunite, to reconcile. 2. To conciliate, to
make friendly : cura reconciliandi eos in gratiam moratum esse, [he said]
that he had been delayed by his anxiety to reconcile them to one another,
Liv. S. To re-establish (friendship, good will, etc.): ad reconcilian-
dam pacem, for the re-establishment of peace, Liv. ; reconciliare existima-
tionern judiciorum amissam, to restore the lost credit of the judicial tribu
nals. Cic
reconcinno, as. v. a. To repair, to restore.
reconditus, a, tun. parr. pass, of seq. ; also as adj. 1. Lying deep, hid
den, concealed. 2. Abstruse, profound, recondite. 3. Reserved (of
a disposition), (in pi. as subst.) secret places.
recondo, is, didi, ditum. v. a. 1. To put up again (a sword in its sheath),
to put back again. 2. To store away, to lay up, to hide, to conceal.
§Jreconflo, as. v. a. To rekindle.
recoquo, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To boil up again. 2. To forge anew in the
fire, to forge. 3. To recast, to remould : Fuffitius senex recoctus, the
old Fuffitius boiled young again. Cat ; recoctus scriba, a well-practised
scribe, Hor. ; aurum recoctum, refined gold, Virg.
rtcordatio, onis./ A calling to mind, recollection, remembrance.
recordor, axis. v. dtp. 1. To think over again, to remember to recollect
2. §To ponder, to consider, to contemplate.
rSereo, aa. v. a. 1. +§To recreate, to make again or anew. 2. To
refresh, to recruit, to revive, to restore to vigour : animus cum se collegit
atque recreavit, when the mind has recollected and recovered itself, Cic.
frecrSpo, as, ui, ltum. v. a. 1. To re-echo. 2. To resound, to
sound.
recreaco, is, evi, etum. r. <t. To grow again.
recrudesco, is, dui, no sup. v. n. To break out again, to break open again
(of troubles, wounds, etc.).
recta, adv. Straight forward, straight on, directly.
recto, adv. 1. Uprightly, perpendicularly, in a straight line. 2. Rightly,
correctly, properly, suitably, well. 3. (Of arguing) Consistently, logic
ally. 4. (In answers) Very well, quite so. 5. (In comedy, as a
civil evasive answer) It is quite right, all is well,
rectio, onis./ Direction, regulation, administration.
o a
450 REG — RED
rector, orii. m. 1. A ruider, leader, director, (of a ship) a pilot, a steers
man, (of an animal) a rider, or driver, (of a state, an army, etc.) a governor,
a ruler, a commander, (of youth*) a tutor.
rectal, a, am. adj. 1. Straight, perpendicular, upright, erect. 2.
Right, correct, proper, suitable, becoming : recto ac juato prcelio dimicare,
to fight a regular pitched battle, Li v. ; animus .... secundis temporibus du-
biisque rectus, a mind preserving its equilibrium alike in times of prosperity
and difficulty, Hor.; cantos nominibus rectis expendere nnmmos, careful to
lend his money to safe men (or, according to others, to invest it in lawful
transactions), Hor. «. a* mist. 1. What is straight. 2. Rigbt,
rectitude, uprightness, upright conduct.
Srecubo, aa. r. n. To lie down.
recambo, it, cabai, Itam. v. ». 1. To lie down. 2. To recline at table.
A. (Of inanimate things) To fall or sink down, to settle down (as clouds.
partes in proclinatas omne recumbit onus, all the weight rests upon the parti
that hare begun to settle, Or.
recupiratio, onia. / A recovery, a regaining.
recuperator, oris. re. 1. +A reeoverer. 2. A bench of judges, originally
established for trials between Roman citizens and foreigners, but afterward'
employed in other cases where a speedy decision was wanted.
rScuperatdrios, a, am. Of or belonging to the judges, called Recupexatoret
recupero, aa. t>. a. To recover, to regain, to get again.
recuro, as. v. a. To restore, to cure.
reourro, is, ri, num. t\ <i. 1. To run back, to hasten back. 2. §To
revolve (of the sun). 3. To come back, to return, to recur, to happen
again,
recurso, aa.cn. 1. To hasten back, to return. 2. To recur, to occur
again (to the mind).
recursua, us. re. I. A running back, a going back, a return, a retreat:
alios ineunt cursus aliosque recursua, they move to and fro, advancing ar.d
retreating, Virg.
recurvo, as. v. a. To bend back, to turn back : recurratse undce, the winding
stream (of the Mreander), Ov.
grecurvus, a, vm.wtj. Turned, bent, or curved back, winding (of a labyrinth).
barbed (of a fish-hook), arched (of a dolphin's back).
recusatio, onia. /. A declining, a refusal. 2. An objection. 3. A
plea in defence, a counter-plea.
recuso, as. v. a. 1. To decline, to reject, to be unwilling to agree to, to
refuse (c. intin., often c ne and quin and subj.). 2. (In law) To plead
in defence, to put in a plea in defence.
recuBBUS, a, urn. part. pass. fr. recutio. Shaken violently, rebounding.
JrSefttltuj, a, am, adj. 1. Circumcised. 2. Jewish.
redactus, a, am. part. pats. fr. redigo, q. v.
redamo, aa v. a. To return love for love, to love mutually.
redarguo, is, ui, no sup. v. a. 1. To confute, to refute, to convict : incoo-
stantiam redarguo tuara, I convict you of inconsistency, Cic; advenitqui
vestra dies muliebribus armis verba redargueret, the day has arrived which
by a woman's arms shall prove your boastful words false, Virg.; impro-
borum prosperitates redarguunt rem omnem Deorum, the prosperity of the
wicked gives the lie to all the ideas about the power of the Gods, Civ.
reddo, is, dldi, dltum. v. a. 1. To give back, to return, to restore. 2.
To give over, give up, deliver. 3. To pay what is due (a debt,
etc), to suffer (punishment, once in Sail.), to fulfil (a promise, a vow, etc).
4. To give out (a sound, etc.), to yield, to produce (fruit, a crop, etc), to
render. 5. To give, to grant, to confer, to dispense, to allow. & T■■
appoint, fix (a time for a trial, etc.). 7. To translate. 8. To repeat,
recite, rehearse. 8. §To reply, to answer, to say or utter in reply.
10. §To reflect the likeness of, to resemble. 11. To make (of such and
such a character), to render : sive paribus paria redduntur, whether like is
made to correspond to like, Cic; se ipse convivio reddidit, he returned u
 RED 451
the banquet, Lit.; in tempua deligebatur qui ju» redderet, he was ap
pointed as a temporary judge to administer justice, Tac.
rtdemptio, onis. f. 1. A buying back, a ransoming, redemption. 2.
A bribing. 3. A farming (of the revenue, etc.).
Iredempto. as. e. o. To ransom, to redeem.
redemptor, oris. m. 1. A contractor, one who takes a contract for the
performance of any work. 2. A fanner of revenues.
redemptara, te. /. An undertaking (a work) by contract, a farming (reve
nue).
redemptos, a, am. part. pat*, ft. redimo, q. v.
redeo, is, Ivi, Hum. v. n. To go or come back, to return. 2. To come
in (as income, revenue, etc.), to come (as property, inheritance, etc., comes
to a person, or as one comes to a course of action) : cum matre in gratiam
redire, to be reconciled to one's mother, Nep.; haec bona in tabulas pub
lics* nulla redierunt, this property has not reached (i. e. been registered
in) the public records, Cic. ; (pass, impers.) si reditum (i. e. reditum esse
ab iut) in vestram ditionem appareat, if it is made manifest that they have
returned to their obedience to you, Liv. ; in causas malorum srepius redi
torus, likely often to be a cause of michief, Tac.; . . . ubi redit ad sesc,
when he comes again to himself (recovers his senses), Hor.
-+redhalo. as. r. a. To breathe forth again, to exhale.
redhibeo, es, ni, Hum. e. a. To give back, to return. 2. (Of a
seller) To receive back (an article found to be defective).
ridlgo, is, egi, actum, v. a. 1. To drive, lead, or bring back. 2. To
get together, collect, to raise (money), call in (money due to one, etc.).
3. To bring down, to reduce (to such and such a condition, to a small
number, etc.). 4. (Very rare) To render, to make (such and such).
redimiculum, in. A fillet, a chaplet, a necklace.
redlmio, la, Ivi, itum. v. a. To encircle, crown, wreathe, gird, surround.
redimo, is, emi, emptum. v. a. 1. To buy back, repurchase. 2. To
redeem, to ransom. 3. To buy off, to avert by giving money, to buy
the release or acquittal of. 4. To contract for, to undertake (a work)
by contract, to farm (revenues). 5. To buy, purchase, obtain by pur
chase. 6. To atone for, to make amends for, to counterbalance : quam
a lepublica meis privatis incommodis llbentissime redemissem, which (mis
fortune) I would gladly have averted from the republic at the price of pri
vate suffering to myself, Cic.
redintegTO, as. e. a. To renew, to recruit, to restore to a former state, to
refresh (one's recollection, etc.).
reditio, onis./. A return (sometimes c. ace). — See Eton Latin Grammar,
25 a.
reditus, us. m. 1. A coming back, going back, a return (sometimes c.
ace—See above). 2. Income, revenue, that which comes in : reditus in
ffratiam cum inimicis, a reconciliation with one's enemies, Cic
redivivns, a. am. adj. Coming to life again, (of building materials) taken
out of old buildings and used in new ones.
rtdoleo, es, ni, no sup. v. a. and n. 1. (r. a.) To smell of, to give out a
smell of, to be redolent of (c. ace, lit. and metaph.). 2. (v. n.) To
smell, to be fragrant (often c. abL).
rtdomltus, a, am. adj. Subdued again.
redono, as. v. a. 1. To give back, to restore. 2. To resign.
ridueo, is, xi, ctnm. v. a. 1. To lead or bring back, to conduct back, to
move back. 2. To restore, reinstate (exiles, etc.). 3. To draw
btck (one's arm to give a blow, an oar, etc.). i. To withdraw, to draw
off, to cau«e to retreat (one's troops, etc.). 5. To bring, to reduce (into
a condition, form, etc.) : cum plebe in gratiam reductus, being reconciled
to the common people, Liv. ; cum nxorem reduxisset, when he had taken
back his wife, Nep. ; senatu dimisso domum reductus ad vesperum est a
patribus, after the senate was dismissed he was escorted home in the
evening by the senators, Cic.
a a 2
452 RED—REF
reductio, onU. /. A bringing back, a restoration (from exile).
reduc tor, oris. m. One who brings back.
reductus, a, urn. part. pass, from rednco, q. v.; alio u adj. Retired, remote,
diatant : virtus est medium vitiorum et utrinque reductum, virtue is the
mean between vices, and that which ie equally removed from both ex
tremities, Hor.; reducta, things to be deferred (opp. to product*), Cic
reduncus, a, tun. adj. Curved back, hooked.
redundantia, a.f. Redundancy, excess of ornament
redundo, ai. r. n. 1. To overflow (lit. and metaph., also in pass, part.):
amne redundatia fossa madebat aquis, the ditch was wet with the water
which had overflowed from the river, Ov. 2. To abound, be abundant,
be exceasive in quantity, to be superfluous, to remain or be over and abovf,
to be over copious (of orators, etc). 3. To redound (c ad and ace.) : non
reus ex ea causa redundat Postumus, Postumus does not, as far as that
cause is concerned, appear to be guilty, Cic. ; acerbissimo luctu redundsrct
ista victoria, that victory would be abundantly productive of the most bitter
mourning, Cic; qnseque redundabat fecundo vulnere serpens, and the rr-
pent which kept on increasing from its fruitful wound (the Leroean
hydra), Ov.
reduvia, m.f. An agnail, a trifle.
redux, ucis. adj. 1. That leads back, that restore* to one's home. -■
Brought back, having returned, returning.
rSfello, is, li, no sup. r. a. To refute, to disprove.
refcrcio, Is, si, turn. v. a. To cram full, to fill (c abl. or c. gen.).
referio, if (only in ores.), v. a. To strike back, to reflect (an appearance).
refero, fers, rit&li, latum, «. a. (irr.). 1. To bear, bring, or csrrr
bake to move back, to draw back. 2. To give back, to restore. 1 To
pay back, to repay. 4. To restore (an old custom or practice), to repro
duce, to renew. 5. To reproduce the likeness of, to renew the recol
lection of, to represent (in a spectacle or play) : qui te tamen ore reftrrrt,
who might recall your likeness to my mind by bis countenance, who m'c';1
resemble you, Virg, 6. To bring, to direct, to turn (esp. attention, etc- 1
7. To repeat, mention, relate, announce, report. 8. To say. &"
rejoin, to reply. 10. (cad and ace). To make a motion before, to
propose to (an assembly: ad senatum, before the senate; ad populum, to the
people, etc); referunt consules de republics, the consuls make a motion n
the state of the republic, Cic 11. To refer. 12. To enter (in s
return or list), to register, to record, to set down : cum illam pecuniim
Flacco datam referent, ns they return (or set down) that money as gira
to Flaccus, Cic; eodem Q. Caepionem referrem, I should place Q. Cepio >»
the same category, Cic 1 3. To refer, to ascribe (c ad and ace., or >'•
adv. of place, e.g. hue, to this, Hor.). 14. Refero me, and refero
pedem, to return, to retire, to withdraw, to retreat: rctulit ille gradus,
he drew back, Ov. ; multa dies rctulit in melius, time has brought muT
things into a better state, Virg.; vocesque refert, iteratqne quod sodit,
and it re-echoes sounds and repeats what it hears, Ov.
refert, tfilit. iinpers. [res fert.J, (often c nom. id, illud, etc). It concerns
it imports, it makes a difference, it is of consequence (often e.gen. pen,
or c. mea, tua, nostra, etc, or sine c pen. ; often c. gen, of the amount ot
importance, i. e. magni, parvi, etc.) : nil referre putas, do you think that it
makes no difference? Hor.
refertus, a, tun. part of refercio, q. v., as adj., c. compar. etc 1- f"u
(c abl. or gen.). 2. (Of a person), amply provided, richly endowed.
riSferveo, es, and rgfervesoo, is, bui, no sup. «. n. To boil up, to boil over.
refleio. is, feci, fectum. v. a. (pass, rcficior, etc). 1. To make anew,
to repair, to restore. 2. To make (money), to get in, to receive (inronv.
etc.). 3. To re-appoint, to re-elect, 4. To refresh, to revive, reenm.
re-invigorate (exhausted strength, etc). 5. To recruit, fill up uV
numbers of (an army, etc) : ego hie cogito commorari quoad me reficia".
I think of remaining here till I am quite recovered, Cic ; ad vultum ren
 BEF 453
cien Jura, to cheer up the countenance, Cic ; refecta spe, hope being re
stored, Liv.
refigo, is, xi, ism. v. a, I. To unfix, to unfasten, to take down. 2.
to remove. 3. To repeal, to abrogate (laws) : ccelo refixa aider*, {ailing
•tan, Virg.
Jrefingo, ii, nxi, ictom. v. a. To repair, to make anew.
rfflagito. as. v. a. To demand again, to demand back.
reflatus, us. m. A contrary wind.
refleeto, is, xi, xum. v. a. 1. To bend back, to turn back. 2. To
bring back, guide or lead back. 3. To bend, to change. 4. reflector,
pass., to bend oneself back, to lean back : longoaque reflectitur ungues, and
be benda himself back into long claws ( i. e. his nails are bent into long
dsMri), Or.; nee priua amissam respexi animumque reflexi, nor did I once
look back for her who was lost, or once think of her (i. e. turn my atten
tion to her), Virg.
rcflo, as. r. ». and a. 1. (r. n.) To be contrary (of winds), to blow in the
opposite, or in a wrong direction. 2. t§ (»• a.) To exhale.
teaao, it, uxi, uxum. v. ». To flow back, to flow backwards and forwards,
to ebb : cum refluit campis, when it flows back from the fields (the Nile),
Virg.
Srefluus, a. um. adj. Flowing back, refluent, ebbing.
refonnldatio, onis./ Great fear.
reformldo, as. r. a. To fear greatly, to fear, to dread.
reformo, as. v. a. To remould, to refashion: dum quod fuit ante reformct,
until she resumes her former shape, Or.
reforeo, es, fovi, fotum. c. a. To warm again, to revive, to refresh, to
restore (exhausted strength, etc), to reinvigorate, re-establish (a party,
etc.).
refractus, a, um. part. pass. fr. refringo, q. v.
refragor, aril. v. dep. To oppose, to thwart, to gainsay, to withstand.
refreno, as. v. a. To curb, to bridle, to check, to restrain.
refrico, as, ni, a turn. v. a. 1. To rub, to open again (a wound) by
rubbing, to gall, to fret. 2. To re-awaken (a recollection), to revive, to
renew (a feeling). 3. (As r. n.) To break out again (as a sore).
refrigeratio, onis. f. A cooling, coolness.
refrigero, as, r. o. 1. To cool, to make cool (lit. and metnph.). 2. (In
past.) To be cooled (i. e. to be indifferent, remiss, languid, to relax).
reirigesco, is. ixi, no sup. «. n. To grow cool, to cool; (lit. and metaph.) to
become indifferent, remiss, to flag, to relax : sortes refrixerunt, oracles have
gone out of fashion, Cic. ; quurn a judiciis forum refrixerit, as the forum
has had a respite from judicial business, Cic.
r&ringo, is, fregi, fractum. v. a. 1. To break down, to break off, to
break open, to tear open, to break to pieces. 2. To break, i. e. to
weaken (force, etc), to put down. 3. To subdue.
rifugio, Is, fugi, f&gitum. v.u. 1. To flee back, to flee, to escape, to flee
for refuge. 2. To retire, retire from sight (even of inanimate things in
retired situations), to be out of sight, to disappear. 3. (c ab. and abl.,
or §c abl. or §c. infin., or c. ace), to shrink from, to shun, to avoid.
refuginm, in. A refuge, a place of refuge (lit. and metaph.).
refugna, a, um. adj. Fleeing back, retiring, receding ; m. pi. as subsl.,
fugitives.
rffulgeo, es, si, no sup. v. n. To shine brightly, glitter, be brilliant, be
refulgent
refudlBb, fudi, fusum. v. a. 1. To pour back, throw back, cast back :
l^ibensstrage obstante mnlis refusus, the Tiber being thrown back by the
mass of ruin which blocked it up (and thus made to overflow), Tac. 2.
I?""' r : ^etu super ore refuso, tears pouring over his cheeks, Ov.
liftlBJUo, finis./. Refutation.
. r. a. 1. To drive back, to check, to repress, to put down. 2.
fute, confute, rebut, disprove, make false, give the lie to.
oo 8
454 REG
regalia, •. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a king, kiagly, regal, royal :
tcriptum regale, a writing or work treating of kings, Or. 2. Suited to
a king, splendid, magnificent, noble.
regaliter. adv. 1. In a loyal manner, royally, magnificently. 2.
Imperiously.
Jregelo. as. v. u. To thaw.
regero. ia, gesai, gestum. *. a. 1. To bear, bring, or carry back. 2.
To throw back, to throw up (ground). 3. To retort (reproaches, etc.),
to say or mention by way of retort. 4. To get rid of, to tarn aside (un
popularity, etc).
regia, at. A royal palace, the residence of a king. 2. (Esp.) the pa
lace of Noma in the Via Sacra near the temple of Vesta, and used for re
ligions purposes : atrium regium, the ball of Noma's palace, Lit. xxwi. 27.
3. The king's tent (in a camp). 4. The court, i. e. the royal family
and chief officers of the court. 5. §A city which is a royal residence.
6. JA colonnade, a piazza.
regie, adv. 1. Royally, in a royal manner, splendidly. 2. Imperiously.
§regifice. adv. Royally, splendidly.
isreglficus, a, tun. adj. Royal, splendid, magnificent.
Stregigno. is, genui, genltum. t>. a. To reproduce.
regimen, Inis. «. 1. Rule, guidance, government, power of governing,
authority. 2. (Esp.) The administration of state affairs. 3. s A
rudder : regimen rerum, the chief magistrate, Liv.
reglna, at./. 1. A queen (lit. and metaph.). 2. A princess.
regio, onis./. 1. A line, a direction. 2. A boundary line, a bound
ary. 3. (Most usu.) A district, region, quarter, territory, country, pro
vince (metaph. even of the province of an art, etc) : e regione rooveri, to
advance in a straight line, Cic; non recta regione iter instituit, he did not
march on in a straight direction, Liv. ; (but e regione, c gen. or c dat means
opposite to) quum [luna] est e regione solis, when the moon ia opposite to
the sun, Cic; acie e regione instructs, having arrayed his men in line of
battle opposite to them, Nep. ; natura et regio provincial tec, the character
and situation of your province, Cic; regione porta Esquilinae, in the dis
trict (or neighbourhood) of the Esquil ine gate ; base eadem est nostra? rauoiui
regio et via, this same is the line and plan of my own conduct, Cic
regionatim. adv. By districts.
regius, a, um. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a king, kingly, royal, regsL
2. Like a king, magnificent, splendid, noble : regius ales, the eagle. Dr.;
regius morbus, the jaundice.
§reglutino, as. «. a. To unglue, to loosen.
regnator, oris. m.;/. -atrix, ids. One who reigns over.a ruler, a king: is
domo regnatrice, in the imperial family, Tac
regno, as. r. a. and a. 1. (». n.) To reign. 2. To be a king flit asd
metaph.), to rule, to have one's own way, to have the mastery. 3. (r. a. I
To rule, to reign over (§c. gen., more usu. in nam, esp. in pari, regiutut
and regnandus, to be ruled over, to be governed): Oothonea reguantur,
the Gothonea submit to the rule of a king, Tac ; vivo et regno, I am si
hnppy as a king, Hor.
regnum, i. a. 1. Kingly power, royal authority, royalty. 2. A king
dom, a dominion : men regna videns, beholding my own kingdom (i. e. ay
own property), Virg.; nee regna vini sortiere talis, nor shall you decide who
shall be the master of the feast by dice, Hor.
rego. is, xi, ctum. v. a. I. To lead in a straight line, to keep straight to
lead, to guide, to steer (a ship), to conduct. 2. rego fines, to mark on:
or fix boundaries. 3. To rule, govern, sway, control, manage, be kin*
of, be supreme over. 4. To put (one who is wrong) in the right way,
to set right
regredior, eri», gressus sum. v. dtp. 1. To go or come back, to retain.
2. To march back, retire, retreat, to fall back (c in and ace of that towards
or upon which).
 EEG—REL 455
regreaeui, us. m. 1. A going or coming back, a return. 2. A retreat
(lit. and metaph.), a drawing back (from wrong),
regula, as./ 1. A ruler (i. e. standard by which to draw a straight line),
a straight wand, staff, or base. 2. A rule, pattern, model, a fixed
standard. 3. §A rule, a law.
regal ub, i. m. 1. A petty king, a petty chieftain. 2. A prince. 3.
J A wren.
rSgusto, as. r. o. 1. JTo taste over again, to lick clean. 2. To read
again,
rej ectaneus, a, um. adj. That is to be rejected,
rejectio. onis./ 1. A rejection. 2. A challenging (of judges). 3.
A shifting from oneself to another,
tjlrej ecto, as. v. a. To throw back, to reecho,
rejlcio, is, jeci, jectnm. (§imper. also reice). 1. To throw, cast, fling or
posh back. 2. To throw away behind one, to place behind one. 3.
To throw away : oculos Rutulorum rejicit arvis, he turns his eyes away
from the fields of the Rutulians, Virg. 4. §To drive back, drive away,
to beat back, to repulse. 5. To cast off, to lay aside. 6. To reject,
to disdain, to refuse. 7. To make over to, to refer to (c. ad and ace. of
the more remote object). 8. To defer, to put off, to postpone : si hue
te rejicis, if you apply yourself to this object or pursuit, Cic
relabor, eris, lapsus sum. v. dep. 1. To glide back, fall back, flow back,
return, relapse. 2. To glide down, slide down, to fall gently down,
relanguesco, is, gui, no sup. v. n. To languish again, to grow languid or
faint, to relax, to grow remiss, to slacken,
relatio, onis./ 1 A retorting. 2. A proposition, a motion (in the
senate for a law, etc.), a report (of a commission after an investigation),
relator, oris. m. A bringer forward of a motion, a mover,
trelatuj, us. m. 1. An official report. 2. A narration. 3. Recital,
recitation,
relatns, a, um. pari. pats, from refero, q. v.
relaxatio, onis./ 1. Relaxation. 2. Mitigation, abatement
relaxo, as. v. a. 1. To relax, to slacken, to unloose, to loosen, to open.
2. To lighten, mitigate, alleviate. 3. To give relaxation to, to cheer, to
enliven. 4. To set free, to release, to free: insani cum relaxentur,
lunatics, when their paroxysms abate, Cic.
relegatio, onis./ A sending away, banishment.
relego, as, v. a, 1. To 6end away, to dismiss, to remove to a distance,
to banish. 2. To send away, to reject : ambitione relegata, without
ambition, without seeking to curry favour with you, Hor.
relego, is, egi. ectum. v. a. 1. To gather together again, to collect
again. 2. To travel over again, to traverse again, to pass close to, to
coast along again. 3. To read over again.
§relentesco, is, no perf. «. n. To grow slack again, to languish again,
relevo, as. r. a. 1. §To lift up, to raise. 2. To make light, to lighten.
3. To assuage, diminish, lessen (an evil). 4. To relieve, to comfort,
to deliver, to release.
relic tio. onis./ A leaving, forsaking, abandoning.
relictus, a, um. part. pats. fr. relinquo, q. v.
rellgatio, onis./ A binding up, a tying up.
religio, onis./ 1. Religion, piety, reverence for the Gods, religious awe
or respect. 2. Religion, i. e. religious belief. 3. (In pL) Religious
matters, things belonging to religion, religious ceremonies. 4. Con
scientiousness, scrupulousness, a scruple. 5. An offence against religion,
guilt: nulla mendacii religione obstrictus videretur. He would not seem
involved in any guilt of falsehood, Cses. ; religio jurisjurandi, scrupulous
regard to an oath, Cic 6. Holiness, sanctity (of a thing, a temple, etc.).
7. An object of religious veneration. 8. Integrity, a virtuous life : si
qua in re ipse a religione officii declinarit, if he has in any respect violated
the sacred obligations of duty, Cic.
904
456 BEL-REM
religiose, adv. 1. Religiously, piously. 2. Conscientiously, uprightly.
rellgifisus, a, nm. adj. 1. Religious, pious, devout. 2. Holy, sacred.
3. Conscientious, scrupulous, upright, virtuous. 4. Unlucky (of an
acti n), forbidden by scruples respecting omens: dies religiosus, a day on
which it was unlucky to do anything, Liv.
religo, as. v. a. 1. To bind, to tie, to fasten, to moor (a ship). 2. To
Srapple. 3. §To unbind, to unfasten,
no, is, levi, lltum. v. a. To unseal, to open.
relinquo, is, liqui, lictum. c. a. 1. To leave behind, to leave, to desert,
to quit. 2. To leave alone, to leave untouched. 3. To leave, to
bequeath (rare). 4. To resign, to neglect, to forsake, to abandon, to
relinquish. 5. To give up, to desist from, to raise (a siege): pass, imperii
it remains, it follows as a natural consequence ; relinquitnr ut, si vincimur
in Hispania, quiescamus, it remains that if we are defeated in Spain we
must stay quiet, Cic.
rellqnias, arnm. pi. f. Remains, relics, leavings, that which remains, the
rest : reliquias Danaum, those who had been left, spared, or passed over, by
the Greeks, the remnant spared by the Greeks, Virg.
rellquus, a, nm. adj. 1. That which is left, remaining, the remainder of,
the rest of, the other, what is over and above. 2. Remaining (in point
of time) subsequent, future. 3. What is still due, what is in arrear:
quos reliquos fortuna ex nocturna caede ac fuga fecerat, whom fortune had
left alive after the nocturnal rout and massacre, Liv.— But reliquum facio,
when preceded by a negative sometimes means to leave undone : nihil ad
celeritatem sibi reliqui fecerunt, they omitted nothing which could con-
tribute to despatch, Cses.—m. pi. as stt/ist., the rest; n. sing, as nlst., the
rest, the remainder, the residue : quod belli reliquum erat, which was all
that remained of the war, Liv.; reliquum est ut officiis certemus inter nos,it
remains for us to vie with one another in the discharge of duty, Cic
reluceo, es ; and relucesco, is, lnzi, no sup. v. n. To shine again, to shine
out, to glow, to be brilliant, to dawn.
reluctor. iris, r. dtp. To struggle against, to resist.
Jremando, as. v. a. To send word back, to notify in return.
remaneo, es, si, sum. v. a. 1. To stay behind, to remain behind. 2.
To remain, to last, to endure, to continue. 3. To be steady, lasting,
constant (as a friend, etc).
{Hremano, as. t>. n. To flow back.
remansio, onis./. A remaining behind, a continuing in the same place.
remedium, in. A remedy, a medicine, a cure, a means of relief.
remensus, a, nm. pari. fr. remetior, in past, sense. Travelled over again.
remeo, as. v. n. To go back, to return, to flow back, pass back: serum
remeare peractum, to live one's past live over again, Hor.
remetior, iris, .remensus sum. v. dtp. 1. To measure over again, to
survey again, to travel over again. 2. To consider.
remex, igis. tn. A rower, an oarsman.
remigatio, onis. /. Rowing.
remigium. i. n. 1. Rowing. 2. §AU that belongs to rowing, an oar.
3. A crew of rowers: volat ille per aera magnum, he flies through the vast
air, borne on propelling wings [which urge him on as oars do a ship],
Virg.
romigo, as. v. n. To row.
remigro, as. v. n. To go back, to return (to a former habitation; metaph.
to former principles).
rSmlniscor, iris, no pert v. dtp. 1 . To remember, to recollect (c gen.
or ace). 2. To imagine, to conceive (rare).
remisoeo, es, ni, stum. v. a. To mix again, to mingle.
rimisse. adv. Mildly, gently, indulgently.
remissio, onis. /. 1. A letting down, a lowering. 2. A slackening,
abating, flagging, relaxation, remission (of exertion, etc. '. 3. Remis
sion (of punishment). 4. Lenity, indulgence.
 REM 457
rfmitfus, a, nm. pari. pass, of seq.; also as adj., c. compar. etc. 1.
Slackened, loosened, loose. 2. Slack, languid, remiss, indifferent 3.
Mild, gentle, indulgent. 4. Cheerful, good-humoured, merry.
rimitto, is, mlsi, miarnim r. a. 1. To let go back, to send back, tc
lend. 2. To leave behind (as fruit in a jar leaves juice behind), to
yield. 3. To loosen, slacken, relax: si brachia forte remisit if for a
moment he slackens the exertions of his anna, Virg. 4. To melt, to
thaw : com se purpureo vere remittit humus, when the ground again be
come* open in purple spring, id. S. To give back, return, restore, §to
re-echo, §to reflect (an image). 6. To dismiss, to reject. 7. To
relax, lessen, dimmish, mitigate : cum se furor ille remisit, when that
madness has abated, Ov. 8. To relieve, to refresh. 9. To cease,
to desist, to give over (c infin.). 10. To resign, to surrender, to
give up, to sacrifice, to remit (a punishment, a tribute, etc) : qui euro
moverent ut memoriam simultatum patriae reruitteret, to urge him to
sacrifice the recollection of his private quarrels to the good of his country,
Liv. 11. To allow, to permit. 12. (As v. «.) To abate, to decrease
(of wind, rain, pain, etc.) : remittentibus tribunis plebis, the tribunes of
the people permitting it, or desisting from their opposition, Liv.
remolior, iris, itus sum. r. dtp. To push back, to force back, to remove
away.
rimolleseo, is, no pert v. n. 1. To become soft 2. To be softened,
appeased. 3. To become enervated, effeminate.
remollio, is, Ivi. Hum. v. a. To soften again, to make soft
remoramen, Inis. n. A delay, a hinderance, an impediment
remordeo, es, di, sum. v. a. 1. To bite again, to bite in retaliation.
2. To Tex, to distress.
remdror, aril. c. dtp. 1. To stay, to tarry, to linger, to loiter, to delay.
2. To cause to delay, to delay, hold back, keep, detain : quamvis te lougas
remorentur fata senectae, though the fate of a long old age should detain
you on earth. Prop. ; nox atque praeda castrorum hostes quomin us victoria
uterentar remorata sunt night and the pillage of the camp, prevented the
enemy from making the most of their victory (the time occupied in pillag
ing the camp delayed them till night, and so prevented them, etc.), Sail.;
num nnum diem postea Lucium Satuminum . . . mors ac poena remorata est,
did the punishment of death delay a single day to overtake L. Satuminus?
Cic. ; (§part. remoratus in pass, sense) pomi jactu remorata secundi, delayed
by the throwing of the second apple, Ov.
remote, adv. At a distance.
rfmotio, inis./ Removal, putting away, the getting rid of.
remolus. a, um. part fr. removeo, used as adj., c compar. etc 1.
Distant remote. 2. (c. ab and abl.) Separate from, free from, uncon
nected with, ignorant of, different from : n. pi. as subst., things to be re
jected.—Stt praecipuus.
rfmfiveo, es, movi, motum. r. a. 1. To move back, to move away, to re
move, to take off, to withdraw, to send away. 2. To put aside, to lay
aside : remoto joco, without jesting, jesting apart, Cic; remove istsec, say
no more of that, Cic; noctumos Aurora removerat ignes, Aurora had driven
away the stars, Ov.
jremugio. Is, ivi, itum. v.n. 1. To low in reply to. 2. To bellow, to
growl (used even of the Sibyl). 3. To resound, to re-echo (as a sound,
or a place).
remulceo, es, si, no sup. v. a. To let droop.
remulcum, in. A towing-rope.
remuneratlo, onis./. Repayment recompense, remuneration.
remuneror, aris. v. dtp. To recompense, to requite, repay.
■ remurmiro, as. r. n. To sound with rumbling noise (of the sea).
renins, i. m. An oar : velis remisque, with sails and oars, i. e. by every
means in one's power, Cic. ; rcmis ego corporis utar, I will use the oars of
my body (i. e. my bands and feet to swim with), Ov. : alarum intistere
458 EEN—BEP
remis, to rat upon your oarlike wings. Or. ; dialecticorum remis (opp. to
vela orationU), the more measured movements of logicians, Cic
ran, renis. «., usu. in pi. The kidneys, the veins.
renarro, as. r. a. To relate over again, to relate.
renaaeor, iris, natus sum. o. dtp. To be born again, to come to life again,
to spring up again, to revive, to flourish again, to reappear : Pythagora
arcana rami, the mysteries of the twice-born Pythagoras (because he
believed, according to his doctrine of the metempsychosis, that be bad
existed as Euphorbus, before he was Pythagoras), Hor.
renavlgo, as. «. a. To sail back.
reneo, es, evi. etnm. r. a. To onspin, undo, unravel : dolent here fila rener'u
they grieve that this thread (i. e. this destiny) is reversed, Or.
renideo, es, and tirenidesco, is, no ptrf. «. «. 1. To shine, glitter, be
brilliant, to glisten, to gleam ; circum renidentes lares, around his glowing
hearth, Hor.; adjecisse pnedam torquibus exiguis renidet, [the band of
Pacorus, i. e. the Persians] rejoice to have added booty taken from as to
their own little chains (or ornaments), Hor. 2. To smile, to look
cheerful.
rinltor, eria, nlsus sum. r. dtp. To struggle against, to resist
reno, aa. v. n. To swim again.
reno, onis. m. A reindeer.
§r<Snodo. as. v. a. To unbind, to loosen.
Jrenovamen, Inis. a. A renewal.
ren6vatio, onis./ 1. A renewal. 2. Compound interest
lenivo, a*, v. a. 1. To renew (§of land, either by cultivating, or by
letting it lie fallow). 2. To refresh, to recruit, to teinvigontte, to nv
cover, to revive. 3. To repeat to say over again : veteres areas kto
renovasse procorum, to have renewed the achievements of his old bow by
the death of the suitors, Prop. ; renovato fcenore, by compound interest,
Cic.
renumero. as. v. a. 1. To count up, to count over. 2. +To repay.
renunciitio, onis. f. A report, a formal notice, an announcement, thf
declaration of the result of an election.
renuncio, as. r. <i. 1. To bring or carry hack word, to report, to give
notice, to announce, to declare. 2. To report formally, to make an
official declaration (esp. of the character of omens, etc., or of the resnlt of
an election) : legationem reminctare, to give an account of one's conduct or
success in an embassy, Cic 3. To renounce, to disown. 4. To pro
test against to disclaim : (pass, impcrs.) ne Stoicis renunciaretur, lest it
should look like protesting against the Stoics, Cic.
renuo, is, ui, and renfito, as, no sup. v. a. To shake the head, to dsay, t»
refuse, to object to (usu. c. ace) : renuentes crimini, denying the charge, Cic;
credere me tamen hoc oculo renuente negavi, but by my disapproving eye I
showed that I did not believe this, Or.; renuente Deo, the God being un
favourable to his wishes, Or.
reor, reris, ratus sum. v. dtp. To think, suppose, believe, to be of opinion.
—See ratus.
rep&gula, Oram, pi. «. 1. Bolts, bars (of a door). 2. Barriers, limit*,
bounds.
repandus, a, urn. adj. Bent backward, turned up, crooked.
reparabilis, e. adj. Reparable, that can be repaired or retrieved : rcpera-
bilis Echo, Echo which repeats the words, Pen.
I sreparco, is, no perf. v. n. To refrain from, to abstain (c. dat. or c infin.).
icparo, as. v. a. 1. To get or procure again. 2. To repair, mend,
restore, renew. 3. To buy, to purchase. 4. To revive, to refresh :
nee latentes clnsse cita reparavit oras, nor did she seek out a remote dis
trict in her swift fleet, Hor.
repastmatio, onis. /. A digging up again.
repello, is, repfili, repulsum. v. a. To drive back, beat back, repel, re
pulse, to push back, to force back: mediA tellurem reppulit unda, (the sea)
 REP 459
drove back the land, bringing his waves in the middle between the divided
portion! (of Italy and Sicily), Ov.; pedibna tellure repulsa, spuming the
ground with his feet (of a fast runner), Ov. 2. To repulse, reject (esp.
unsuccessful candidates, suitors, etc.). 3. To strike : ilia tua toties oera
repulsa maim, those brazen cymbals so often struck together by your
hand, Tib.; a vera ratione repulsum, far removed from true reasoning,
Lucr.
rependo, is, di, sum. v. a. 1. To weigh back : sequaque formosae pensa
rependis hers, and (as a slave) you weigh back to your beauteous mistress
the same weight of wool that you received (to show that you have not stolen
any while at work), Ov. 2. To weigh out: cui pro C. Gracchi capite
aurum erat repensum, to whom an equal weight of gold was paid for C.
Gracchus'* bead (i. e he was paid its weight in gold), Cic 3. To pay
back, to repay, to requite, to recompense. 4. To balance, to counter
balance. 5, To purchase, to ransom, to redeem.
repens, entii. adj. Sudden, unlooked for, unexpected. 2. JNew, fresh,
recent. §». as adv., suddenly.
repents, adv. Suddenly.
repentinus, a, tun. adj. 1. Sudden, unexpected. 2. Hasty (of plans):
ignoti homines et repentini, men unknown and suddenly raised to riches,
Cic. ; in novo populo ubi omnis repeutina atque ex virtuti nobilitas sit, in a
new nation, where all rank is of sudden growth, originating in the virtue of
the individual, Li v.
repercussus, us. m. A reverberation (of sound or sight), a re-echoing.
repercutio, is. cussi, cussum. v. a. (very rare except in part. pass, reper
cussus. To beat back, to reflect (light etc.), to cause (a sound) to rever
berate, to re-echo, to cause to rebound (i. e. in part, rebounding, re-echoed,
reflected).
reperio, Is, repperi, repertum. v. a, 1. To find, to meet with. 2. To
find out, to discover, to learn (a fact). 3. To find out, invent, devise,
contrive : sibi salutem repererunt, they managed to save themselves, Caes.
repertor, oris. m. A finder out, a discoverer, an inventor : hominum rerum-
que reporter, the Creator of all men and things (i. e. Jupiter), Virg. ; vitis-
que repertor, and the discoverer of the vine (i. e. Bacchus), Ov.
repertua, a, urn. part. pass. fr. reperio, q. v.; §fn. pi. as subst., inventions.
§rep£titor, oris. m. One who demands back, who demands restitution.
repeto, is, Ivi, Ittun. v. a. 1. To seek again, go back, to return, to revisit.
2. To attack again, or a second time. 3. To fetch anew, to fetch back,
to bring back. 4. To return to (a pursuit, etc.), to recommence, to
resume. 5. To look back to, to trace back : viam qua veniBSet repetere,
to retrace his steps, to go back by the path by which he had come, Liv. ;
repetitis diebus, reckoning the days backward, Can. 6. To retrace in
the mind, to recollect, to call to mind. 7. To demand back, to demand
the restoration of, to reclaim, to claim restitution of, to demand, to claim :
in repetenda libertate, in an endeavour to recover one's freedom, Cic. ; qua)
parentum ptenas a filiis repetant, who inflict on sons the punishments in
curred by the murder of their parents, Cic. ; repetentibus res Romanis
superbe responsum reddunt, they give an arrogant reply to the Romans
when they demand reparation, Liv. Repetitus. part. pass. Repeated,
done again, attacked again, etc: repetita suis percussit pectora palmis, she
beat her breast again (i. e. smitten again) with her hands, Ov.; repetitaque
longo vellera mollebat. . . tractu, and she was softening her wool by draw
ing it out over and over again for a long time, Ov.- Pecuniae repe.
tundae (an old and legal form of repetenda;), and very often simply repo-
tundse. The crime of extortion, of illegal exactions made by a provincial
governor.
repexus, a, urn. part. pass. fr. repecto. Combed again, dressed (of hair).
repleo, es, evi, Stum. v. a. 1. To fill, to make full, to replenish. 2.
To complete. 3. To satisfy, to satiate: repleto iis rebus exercitu, the
*eo REP
army being amply provided with those things, Co. (am. e. abL, bnt part.
pass, alto c gen.).
repllcatio, onis. / A folding up again, a winding up again.
repllco, aa, ivi, atom. r. a. To unfold, to unroll (a book): na reprices an-
nalium memoriam, that you may not go back to the records; of old annals,
Cic
repo, is, pti, ptum. v. a. To creep, to crawl (lit. and meUph.), to more on
•lowly.
repono,' is, piani, posltum, often sync, repostum. r. a. 1. To place again,
put again, place back, put back, replace, reestablish. 2. To repay, to
requite, to retaliate. 3. To lay aside (so as to keep), to store up, to
reserve. 4. To put instead, to substitute. 5. To lay aside, put away,
discard, abandon. 6. To lay, to place, to rest : in vestri humanitate
caoaam totam repono, I rest the whole case upon your mercy, Cic; horutsr
ut spem omnem in virlute reponant, he exhorts them to place all their hopes
on their own valour, Cass. ; mollis crura reponit, he puta down lightly (or
be bends back) his flexible legs, Virg.; jam falcem arbutta reponunt, the
trees now no longer require (permit the woodman to lay aside) the knife,
Virg.; in cibitum se reponet, he will lean again on his elbow, Hor.; sic nos
in sceptra reponit ? is this the way in which you restore us to dominion ?
Virg. ; non ill is epulte nocuere repostse, banquets often replaced (i. e. of
many courses) have not injured their health, Virg.; fabula qua; potci volt
et tpectata reponi, the play that would be redemanded and, after having
been teen once, be exhibited again on the stage, Hor. ; ti reponit Achillea,
if you are describing Achilles, Hor.
reporto, aa. v.a. I. To bring back, to carry back, to lead back : qua .. .
victrix redit ilia, pedemque ex hotte reportat, where the returns victorious,
quitting a conquered enemy, Virg. 2. To bear off, carry off, gain, via
(a prise, a triumph, etc), to bring back for oneself: nuncius .... reportat
advenitte viros, the messenger brings back newt (he reports) that men have
arrived, Virg.
reposco, is, no perf. v.a. 1. To demand back, ta ask for again, to
demand the return or restoration of, to reclaim. 2. To chum, to denusi
to ask.
§repostor, oris. m. A replacer, restorer, rebuilder.
repostus, a, tun. part. sync. it. repono, q. v.
rfpotia, drum. pi. n. A drinking party the day after a feast.
reprssentatio, onis. /. 1. JA representation. 2. A cash payment
reproesento, aa. v. a. 1. To represent, show, exhibit, to give s repre
sentation or appearance of. 2. To pay in cath, in ready money, to pay
at once : dies promistorum adest, quern etiam repraesentabo, the day is st
hand when the tecurity becomes due, which I will even settle beforehand,
Cic. 8. To do (in any way ) at once, to perform, execute, or proton
immediately : neque expectare temporis xnedicinam quam repnrvntare
ratione posaimus, and not to wait For that relief by lapse of time which "
can procure at once by skill, Cic ; quum minaa irasque ceelestes repra-
sentataa casibus tuit exposuisset, when he had shown them that the threats
and anger of the godt were already worked out by their disasters, Lit.
riprehendo, and sync, reprendo, isi di, sum. v. a. 1. To take hold of,
seize, hold back. 2. To hold last, to retain, to restrain. 3. To re
prove, blame, find fault with, rebuke. 4. To refute
rSprehensio, onis./ 1. Check, interruption. 2. Blame, rebuke, re
proof, reprimand. 3. Refutation.
reprehenso, an. v. a. To seise hold of, to hold back, to detain.
reprehensor, 6ri». m. 1. A blamer, censurer, reprover. 2. A cor
rector.
repressor, oris. m. One who represses, who checks, who limits.
reprlmo, is, pressi, pressum. r. a. 1. To repress, press down, put eat™.
check. 2. To control, to curb, to Limit, to confine. 3. To suppress-
4. To keep off, to restrain.
 REP—EES 461
repribo, as. r. a. To disapprove, to reject.
repromissio. onis. / A counter-promise.
repromitto, is, mlsi, missum. t>. a. To promise in return.
repto. as. v. n. To crawl, to creep, to move slowly or lazily.
repudiatio, onis. f. Rejection, repudiation.
repudio, as. r. a. 1. To put away, to divorce, to repudiate. 2. To reject,
refute, to reject with scorn, to disdain : si consilium senatus a republica
repudiaret, if he sought to separate the counsel of the senate from the
republic (i. e. to deprive the republic of it), Cic.
repudium, in, A putting away, repudiation, divorce.
repuerasco, is. (no per/.) c. n. 1. To become a boy again. 2. To be
childish, to play like a child.
repugnanter. adv. Reluctantly, unwillingly.
repugnantia, 2b. f. 1. Incompatibility, inconsistency. 2. Contradic
tion.
ripugno, as. v. n. 1. To fight against, to oppose, to resist, to contend
against (c dat.). 2. To be obstinate, unwilling, reluctant. 3. (Of
several things compared together) To be contradictory, incompatible, incon
sistent, repugnant to one another.
repulsa, 89./. 1. A repulse, a rejection (of an unsuccessful candidate).
2. A refusal, a denial.
jrrepulsins, antis. adj. 1. Repelling. 2. Re-echoing.
repuisus, a, tun. part. pass. ft. repello, q. v.
repclsus, us. m. 1. Reverberation (of sound). 2. fRefiection (of
what is seen).
repungo, is. v. a. To prick again, to stir up.
repuigo, as. v. a. 1. To cleanse again, to clear. 2. To purge away,
remove.
;reputatio, onis./ Consideration, contemplation.
reptito, as. r. a. 1. To count over, to reckon, calculate, compute. 2.
To think upon, consider, meditate upon, contemplate, reflect upon, to
think.
requies, etis, ace ietem and iem, abl. iete and ie, no pi., f. Rest, repose
(esp. after labour), relaxation.
requiesco, is, evi, etum. e. n. 1. To rest, to repose, to take rest (esp.
alter labour). 2. To find respite (from anxiety), to find comfort: suos
requierimt flumina cursus, rivers have rested on their course, Virg.
requietus. a, um. pari. putt. fr. prec. Rested, refreshed with rest : requietus
ager, a field that has lain fallow, Ov.
requiro. is, sivi, situm. v. a. 1. To seek again. 2. To seek, seek for,
look for. 3. To ask, to inquire. 4. To require, to want, to need.
5. To look for without finding, to look in vain fir, to miss: majortim nos-
troram requiro prudentiam, I feel the want of the wisdom of our ancestors,
Cic
res, rei. / 1. A thing, a matter, an affair, an object, a circumstance.
2. Fact, reality. 3. Property, riches : in tenui re, (a person) of small
property, Hor. 4. Interest, advantage: tua res agitur, your own in
terest is at stake, Hor. 5. A business : quoniam cum senatore res est,
since we have to do with a senator, Cic. 6. A lawsuit, an action : res
bellica, war, military service, Cic ; res gestse, exploits, military achievements,
Cic ; nobis est mala res, our affairs are in a bad condition, Sail, j id fmstra
an ob rem faciam, whether in doing this I shall be laboming in vain or ad
vantageously . . .Sail.; narrat aniles ex re fabellas, he tells some old wives*
stories appropriate to the subject, Hor. ; pro re nata, as affairs stand, Cic ;
rerun) potiri to obtain the chief power in the state, Nep. ; custode rerum
Csesare, while Caesar watches over the state, Hor.; ob earn rem, on that
account, Cic ; animus inter Fidenatem Romanamque rem anceps, a mind
divided between the interests of Fidenas and Rome (between a wish for
the supremacy of Fidenee and Rome), Liv.; novis rebus studebat, he was
desirous of a revolution, Cats.
462 RES
o, is. v. n. To rage again.
resaliito, as. v. a. To salute in return, to return a salutation.
Sresanesco, is, nui, no sup. r. n. To grow sound or healthy again, to he
cured.
fresarcio, is, si, torn. r. a. To patch, to mend, to repair.
rescindo, is, scldi, scissum. v. a. 1 . To cnt down, break down. 2. To
cut open, tear open. 3. §To open (a road, etc). 4. To rescind,
annul, abrogate.
rescisco. is, ivi, Hum. v. a. To learn (a fact), find out, ascertain, know.
rescribo. is, psi. ptum. v. a. 1. To write back in return, in reply, to
reply in writing. 2. To write oyer again. 3. To re-enlist, to enliit
anew. 4. JTo give a formal answer (to a petition). 5. To pay
back, to repay (lit to make an entry on the paid side of an account): nunc
(Csesarem) ad equnm reacribere, (he said that Caesar) was now enrolling
them among the cavalry, Coos.
Jrescriptum, i. n. An imperial rescript.
reseco. as, cui. ctnm. v. a. 1. To cut off, to amputate, to extirpate villi
the knife, to cut. 2. To curtail, to cut short, to restrain.
resecro, as. r. u. 1. +To beseech again. 2. To free from a curse.
Sresemlno, as. v. a. To reproduce.
Sresequor, ens, secutus sum. <■. dep. To answer, reply to (c ace).
resSro, as. v. a. 1. To unbolt, unlock, open, to throw open (1H. ssd
metaph.). 2. To disclose, to reveal : ubi Jane . . . reseraveris annum,
when, O Janus, you have opened (i. e. begun) the year, Of.
reservo, as. c. a. 1. To keep back, lay up, reserve. 2. To preserve,
to save.
reses, Idis. adj. n. sing, not nsed. [sedeo]. 1. That remains sitting, i. t.
lazy, indolent, spiritless, inactive. 2. (Rare) Remaining behind.
resideo, es, and resldo, is, scdi. sessum. v. n. 1. To sit down, to settle
down, to sit, to rest 2. To remain, to remain behind, to lister, ta
abide. 3. To settle down, i. e. sink down, to subside, grow calm (as a
stormy sea, a war, impetuosity of mind, etc.): hujus incommodi cnl;* sbi
resident . . ., to whom the blame of this disaster belongs (I can guess), Cic;
quorum in concilio .... pristine! residere virtutis roemoria videtur, in
whose council alone the recollection of our ancient valour appears to dwell,
Casa. j quia residentur mortuis, (of days) becanae they are kept as holiday*
in honour of the dead, Cic. ; [they thought that] longo eertamine aensere
reaidere Samnitium ammos, in a long contest the spirit of the Soramtei
would gradually flag, Liv.
residuns, a, tun. adj. 1. What is left behind, remaining, residaarv.
2. (Of debts) Still due, unpaid; n. as most., the remainder, the residue.
resigno, as. v. a. 1. To unseal, to open : Inmina morte resigns*, he re
leases eyes from death, Virg. 2. To annul, to abolish, to cancel. *
§To disclose, to reveal. 4. To give up, to resign.
resllio, Is, ni, sultum. v.u. 1. To leap, spring, or bound back -
To recoil, to rebound : in spatinm reailire raanus breve vidit, he s»w h»
hands shrunk into a narrow apace, Ov.
resimus, a. am. adj. Turned back, turned np (of a nose, etc).
£resina, 83. f. Resin (used by the Romans as a dfpilatory).
Jresinatus, a, mm. adj. Smeared with reein, flavoured with resin.
resipio, Is, no perf. r. o. To taste of, give out a taste or flavour of.
resipisco, is, Ivi, no sup. r. n. To come to one's senses, to one's right <""'•
to become reasonable again. 0
resisto, is, sttti, no sup. e. n. 1. To stand still, to stop, to hah. *•
to oppose, withstand, resist (c dat.); pan. imper*., ab nostril ISBStlWi
our men make a resistance, Caes. 3. To recover one's footing (very rare;.
risolvo, is, Ti, solutum. e. a. 1. To untie, to unbind, to loosen, w on-
loose, to relax, to release, to unyoke (horses) : triplicesque Pe* n* dW
resolvent, and the three Goddesses (the Fates) will keep continually s»
 RES 463
winding (will never cut off ) your thread of life, Ov. 2. To open. 3.
To dissolve, to melt, to soften : cum zephyro putris se gleba resolvit, when
the softened earth opens itself under the west wind, Virg. 4. To put
an end to, abolish, banish (care, etc.l, to disperse, to dissipate. 5. To
stretch out (one's body in sleep, etc.). 6. To perform (a promise).
Sresonabilis, e. adj. Resounding.
resono, as, ui, Itum. e. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To sound, to resound, to ring
with a noise. 2. To reecho, to repeat, to cause to resound : litoraque
alcyouen resonant, and the shores re-echo the note of the kingfisher, Virg.
§res3nus, a, am. adj. Re-echoing, re-echoed.
§resorbeo, es, no perf. v. a. To suck in again, to swallow up again.
respecto, aa. r. a. 1. To look back, to look behind. 2. To look upon,
to look at, to gaze upon. 3. To look for with expectation, to await, to
expect. 4. To regard, to reverence, to respect.
respectua, us. m. 1. A looking back. 2. A refuge, a retreat, a shelter.
3. Respect, regard, consideration.
respergo, is, si, nun. v. a. To besprinkle, to bespatter (lit and metaph.).
respersio. onis. f. A sprinkling, a besprinkling.
resplcio, Is, spexi, spec turn. r. a. 1 . To look back, to look behind. 2.
To look upon, to look at, to behold, to see. 3. To look to (as a pattern,
a support, etc.) : ad hunc summa imperii respiciebat, the chief command
centered in him, Csea. 4. To have a care for, a regard for, to feel an in
terest in : ne turn quidem te respiciea, will you not even then think of your
own interest? Cic
Sresplramen, Inia. n. The windpipe.
respiratio, onis. /. 1. Breathing, respiration. 2. Exhalation. 3.
A taking breath (in the midst of labour), intermission, respite, rest.
respiratus, 6.S. in. Breathing, respiration.
resptro, as. c. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To breathe, to respire, 2. To exhale.
3. To fetch one's breath again, to take breath (after exertion), to revive, to
recover: respirare a metu, to recover from one's alarm, Cic. 4. (v. a.)
To abate, diminish (of exertion, etc).—(pass, impers.) ita respiratum, thus a
respite was gained, Liv.
iresplend eo, es, no perf. v. n. To shine, glitter, be brilliant.
respondeo, es, di, sum. v. a. 1. To give in return (only in the phrase par
pari, or paria paribus : see par) : ut sit unde par pari respondeatur, that there
may be means of requiting like with like, Cic. 2. (The usu. sense) to
answer, reply, respond : seu civica jura respondere paras, or if you prepare
to give your opinion when consulted about civil right, Hor. .'!. To
answer (to your name when called on), to appear (in a court of justice when
cited, to a summons, etc.), to be present 4. To answer to, correspond
with, agree with (c. dat. or, more rarely, c ad and ace.) : contra . ... re
sponse t Gnossia tellus, Crete lies opposite, Virg.
responsio, onis./. 1. A reply. 2. A refutation.
responslto, as. v. a. To give an answer, esp. as a lawyer gives an opinion.
jresponso, as. i. a. 1. To answer, to reply, to reply as an echo. 2.
To resist, to withstand.
responsum, L «. A reply, an answer, a response, esp. the reply of a
lawyer, or of an oracle.
reapubllca, reipublicse, etc. A republic, a commonwealth.
respuo, is, ui, no sup. v. a. 1. (Rare) To spit out. 2. To reject,
refuse, repel, disdain, spurn.
restagno, as. r. n. To run over, to overflow : longe lateque is locus
restagnat, that place is a swamp for a great distance, C«9.
restauro, as. t>. a. To restore, to rebuild.
res tinctio, onis. f. Quenching, extinction.
restiiigTio, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To extinguish, to quench, to allay
(thirst, fire, etc). 2. To put an end to, to destroy, to annihilate, to
appease (anger, etc.)
464 BES-RET
reatlpulitio, onis./ A counter engagement.
reitlpSJor, aril. r. dtp. To stipulate in return.
restis. it. m. A rope, a cord: ad rettim res rediit, things are come to (neb
a pass that I could hang myself, Ter.
restlto, ai. v. n. To suy behind, to loiter, to hesitate.
restituo. is, ui. atom. r. a. 1. To put up again, to set up again, to
replace, restore, re-establish, rebuild. 2. To reinstate, restore to the
former condition. 3. To restore, i. e. make restitution of, giie up, give
back. 4. To reverse (a judicial decision).
restitutio, onis./. 1. J Restoration, rebuilding. 2. A recalling from
exile, re-establishment or reinstating in the former condition.
restitutor. oris. as. A restorer, a rebuilder.
res to. as, stlti, and §stivi (once in Prop.), no sup. r. n. 1. §To stand,
to stand firm. 2. To resist, to make resistance: qua minimi ri restaur,
where the least resistance is offered, Liv. 3. To remain, to remain be
hind or after, to be left, to be left uninjured: dona .... flammis restaotia
Trojas, offerings that had survived the flames of Troy, Virg.; hoc Latio re
store cauunt, they predict that this remains for Latium, Virg.
restrict*, adr. 1. Closely, sparingly. 2. Exactly.
restrict oi, a, m part. pat*, fr. seq.j also as adj. 1. Stingy, niggardly.
2. £ Rigorous, strict.
restringo, is, inxi, ictum. r. n., am. in part. pat. To bind, to tie, to
fasten : animum msestitia restringunt, they (events) fetter the energies of
the mind through sorrow, Tac
resulto, as. r. ». 1. To rebound, to recoil. 2. To reverberate, to re
sound (of a sound or of a place).
resttmo, ii mpri, mptum. v. a. To take up again, to take again, to tsi ■
lack, to resume.
resupino, as. v. a. 1. To lay on one's back, to beat back, or dowa.
2. To beat in, to break down (doors, etc.).
resupinus, a, tun. adj. 1. Lying on one's back. 2. Leaning back.
3. Looking back in a disdainful manner, arrogant, proud. 4. JPlaced
on a hill (of a city). 5. $Laiy, making buy (of pleasure, etc).
resurgo, is, snrrexi. v. a. To rise again, to revive, to flourish again.
resuscito, as. r. a. To re-awaken, to revive, to resuscitate.
retardatio. onis. /. A delaying, delay.
re tardo. as. «. o. 1 . To delay, to retard, to hinder, to keep back, to
restrain. 2. (As e. a.) To loiter, to remain behind.
rete, is. n. A net, a toil, a snare (lit and raetaph.).
retego, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To uncover, to lay bare. 2. To open,
to throw open (i. e. make accessible). 3. To show, reveal, disclose,
make visible, make plain.
retendo, is, di, torn. e. a. To unbend, to slacken (a bow, etc), to relax.
retentio, onis. /. [retineo.] 1. A holding back, a keeping back, a re
straining. 2. A withholding (assent, etc.).
retento, as. r. a. 1. To hold back, to hold fast, to keep back, to restrain.
2. §To keep in one's place, to maintain in existence. 3. To try or
attempt again, to re-attempt, to utter again, to touch again (one'i
lyre, etc.).
retentus, a, tun. part. pass. fr. retineo, q. v.
retexo, ii, ui, xtum. r. a. 1. To unweave, to unravel 2. To destroy,
to put an end to : luna quater plenum tenuata retexuit orbem, four times
had the diminished moon reduced her full orb to nothing (i. e. there had bees
four moons, or four months had expired), Ov. 3. To annul, to cancel:
istius pratturam retexere, to cancel bis praetorship (i. e. all that has beta
done in it), Cic. 4. To revise, to correct, to amend : id nunc . . . oa>-
mutem ac me ipse retexam, can I now change that, and reverse sll ray
conduct? Cic 5. To weave again, to renew: quinque orbes exploit
cursu totidemque retexunt hue illuc, they complete five circles as thty
run, and retracing their steps to and fro complete five more, Virg.
 EET-EEU 465
retianns, i. m. A gladiator who fought with a net in which he endeavoured
to catch hit adversary.
reticentia, ae. /. 1. A keeping silence, a being silent. 2. A pause in
a speech, an aposiope-is.
retlceo, M, ui, no sup. r. n. and a. 1 . (r. n.) To be silent, to keep silence,
to forbear to reply. 2. (r. a.) To be silent about, not to mention, to
suppress, to conceal.
reticulum. La. A little netlike bag.
retinaculum, i. n. A rein, a cable, a hawser, a rope.
•iretinentia. ae. f. A keeping in the memory, recollection.
retineas. enti i. part, of seq. ; also as adj. (c. gen.) Tenacious, observant.
rttineo. es, ni, tentum. r. a. 1. To keep back, detain, to hold fast, to
hold, to check, to restrain. 2. To retain, preserve, maintain.
Sretono, aa, ui- r. n. To resound with a loud noise.
retorqueo, es, si, turn. u. a. To twist, turn, or bend back, to twist behind
(the back). 2. To drive back, to repel, to repulse. 3. To turn so as
to wrap (a cloak etc.) round one. 4. To bend back (i. e. to change one's
mind). o. (In pass.) To wheel round (of troops),
tretorridus, a. urn. adj. 1. Scorched up. 2. Dried up, i. e. old.
retractatio. onis.f. Refusal, shirking,
retracto. as. r. a. 1. To take hold of again, to handle again, to resume.
2. To take in hand again, to try, attempt again. 3. To feel (wounds)
again. 4. To re-consider, to recollect. 5. To retract, to recant (what
has been said). b*. To draw back, refuse, avoid, shirk ; retractantem
arripi jubet, as be refuses to came he orders him to be arrested, Liv.
retractus, a, tun. pari. pass, of seq. ; also as adj., c. compar. Lying back,
lying in a recess: Hispanus retractior a mari . .. murus, the wall of the
Spanish part of the town, thrown further back from the sea, Liv.
rftraho, is, zi, ctom. v. a. 1. To draw back, to withdraw, to call back,
to remove. 2. To drag back, to bring back (a fugitive). 3. To keep
back, to embezzle. 4. JTo reduce : retrahitque pedem simul unda rela-
bent, and at the same time the retiring wave retreats, Virg.; genus ejus-
modi. . . calumnies retrahetur in odium judicis, that kind of calumny will
result in bringing odium on the judge, Cic.
retribuo, is, ui, fltum. v. a. To give back, return, restore, to give.
rttro. adv. 1. (Of place) Back, backwards. 2. (Of time) Back, i. e. in
past time, formerly : quodcunque retro est, whatever is past or done, Hor.
3. On the contrary, on the other hand : omnia qua: sine ea sint, longe et
retro ponenda censet, he thinks everything which is devoid of it (honesty)
should be removed far behind one (utterly discarded), Cic.
retrocedo, is. cessi. v. n. To retire, to retreat.
retrorsum, and *retrorsus, tretroversum. 1. Backwards, back (after
verbs of motion to). 2. Back again, in reversed order.
ritroversus, a, tun. adj. Turning hack, turned back.
retrudo, is, si, sum. v. a. (usu. only in pass. part.). To thrust back, re
move, conceal ; pass, part as adj., concealed, secret
nrtnndo, is. tudi, tusum. r. a. 1. To blunt. 2. (Metaph.) To spoil
the point or edge of, to blunt, to dull. 3. To check, repress, put down,
to quell.
retisus, a, nm. part. pass, of prec. ; also as adj. 1. Blunt. 2. Dull,
stupid.
reus, i. m. ; and f. rea. 89. 1. A defendant in an action. 2. A
prisoner, a criminal, a culprit. 3. A person guilty (c. gen. or c de and
abl. of the crime) : voti reus, a debtor of one's vow, bound to perform one's
vow by having had one's prayer or wish granted, Virg.; falsi criminis acta
rea est, she was accused (or believed guilty ) of a false charge, Ov. ; reus
fortunes ejus diei, one on whom all the blame falls for the evil fortune (or
one responsible for the ill fortune) of that day, Liv.; ut sua: quisque partis
tutandse reus sit, that each may be responsible for the safety of bit portion
of the city, Liv.
II
466 BET-REX
revaleseo, is, lid. v. a. To grow well again, to recover, to flourish again.
reveho. is, xi, ctnm. r. a. 1. To bring, cam-, or convey back. 2.
(In pass.) To drive, ride, or tail back. 3. (In pass, metaph.) To go
back, to return.
rivello, is, li, vulsum. v. a. 1. To tear away, tear off, pull a war, to
separate, to remove. 2. To tear up, to tear down : nee patrii AnchUs
cinerem manesque revelli, nor have I torn open the tomb and intuited the
ashes and spirit of his father Anchises, Virg.
revelo, as. v. a. To unveil, uncover, lay bare, to reveal.
revenio. Is, veni, Tentnm. r. a. To come back, to return, to come again.
revera. adv. In reality, in truth.
reverendus, a, am. gerundive of revereor ; also at adj. To be reverenced,
to be regarded with awe, venerable.
reverens, entis. pari, of revereor ; also £as adj., c. compar. etc Reverent, re
spectful.
Jreverenter. adv. Reverently, respectfully.
reverentia, a. /." Reverence, respect : nulla est poscendi, nulla est rert-
rentia dandi, there is no moderation in asking or in giving. Prop.
revereor, eris, veritus sum. e. dep. 1. To stand in awe of, to reve
rence, to respect. 2. To fear. 3. To be bashful before.
reversio, onis f. 1. A return. 2. A recurrence.
reverto, is. ti, sum. v. a. 1. To return. 2. revertor. past. To return,
to come or go back. 3. To revert (to a subject, etc.).
rivincio, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To bind back, or backward. 2. To
bind, to tie, to fasten.
revinco, is, vici, victum. v. a. To defeat, conquer, subdue.
revlreo. es, and revlresco, is, no perf. v. n. 1 . To grow green again, to
flourish again (lit. and metaph.). 2. To grow young again, to retire,
reviso, is. si, turn. v. a. To go to see again, to revisit, to return to.
revivisco, is, revixi. r. n. To come to life again, to revive.
§revdcabHis, e. ailj. Revocable, that may be recalled.
§revocamen, inis. »., and revocatio, onis./ A recall.
revoco. as. r. a. 1. To call back, to recall. 2. To fetch or bring bad,
to restore. 3. To call off, to summon to retreat, to withdraw (troops).
4. §To recall to a person's recollection, to mention. 5. To encore (t
player). 6. To revoke, to retract. 7. To invite in return, to invite
back. 8. To summon anew. 9. To regain, to recover : rerocsnt k
interdum, for a moment they recollect themselves (drunken men). Cic ;
nee tamen ilia sua? revocatur parcere fnmse. nor can she be called otf fron
her course and induced to spare her reputation. Prop. ; omnia ad suam
potentiam rerocans, a man wishing to bring everything under his own
power) Cic. ; si adduci potest ut ilia qua? de altera d'plorentur ad snai re)
revocct, if he can be persuaded to apply to his own affairs the melaacholr
account that he hears of another, Cic
revSlo, as. v. n. To fly back.
revoliitallis, e. adj. Revolving, that may be rolled back again.
revolvo, is, vi, volutum. v. a. 1. To roll back. 2. To unroll, tons-
wind. 3. To go over again, to repeat : iterumque revolver* omm
da pater Iliacos Teucris, and grant, 0 Father, to the Trojans, that they
may again experience the fortunes of Troy, Virg. 4. To revolve is
one's mind, to reflect upon, to dwell upon, to contemplate. 5. p«-
revolvor, to return. 6. To revolve (of time) : aversamque rapit revoloB
per sequent navem, and hurries away the ship torn from the rocks over the
receding seas, Virg.
revomo, is, ui, Itum. v. a. To vomit up again, to disgorge.
rex, r§gis. m. 1. A king, a monarch, a sovereign. 2. (Used metaph.
of animals, of the queen bee, which Virg. thought a male insect) A chieA
a master, a leader. 3. One of a royal family, a son of a king, a prince :
reges, the king and queen, Liv.; regem sacrificulum creant, they create a
 EHA—EIM 467
sacrinVial priest with the title of rex racrificulus (or re* sacrorum), lav.;
populnm late regent, a nation of extensive dominion, Virg.
rhapsodia, 86. / [paifiifSia.] A book of the Iliad.
Rhea, ie./. The mother of Romulus.—Rhea, ee./. Cybele.
rheda, &-f. A four-wheeled chariot.
rhedarius, a, tun. adj. Of a chariot; m. as most., a charioteer.
Rhenus, i. m. The river Rhine, personified as Germany bj Ovid.
rhetor, oris m. [jtyrwp.] A teacher of oratory, a rhetorician,
rhetorfca, as./, or -ca, orom. n. pi., or -ce, «*./ Rhetoric
rhetorice. adv. Like a rhetorician, rhetorically.
rhetorlcus, a, tuo. adj. Of rhetoric, of a rhetorician, rhetorical,
rhinoceros, Otis, m. [f>\» Ktpas.] 1. A rhinoceros. 2. A vessel of
rhinoceros' horn.
Rhipaeus, a, am. adj. 1 . Of the Rhiptcan mountains in Scythia. 2.
§Scythian, northern.
Ehodanus, i. m. The riTer Rhone.
Shodopeins, a, tun. adj. 1. Of Rhodope, a mountain in Thrace. 2.
§Thracian.
Bhoeteus. a, urn. adj. 1. Of Rhceteum a cape near Troy. 2. Trojan.
rhombus, i. m. [fiougos.] 1. A magician's circle. 2. A turliot.
rhompaaea, ae. /. A heavy javelin used among barbarous nations.
JrhonchQs, i a. [freyx"-] Snoring.
rhythmical, i. One who teaches the art of preserving rhythm,
^xhytinm, in. A drinking-horn.
ricininm, i. n. A small veil wom esp. by women or mourners,
rictus, us. m. 1. The aperture of the mouth, esp. in laughing. 2. The
mouth,
video, es, si, sum. ,•. n. and a. 1. (v. it.) To laugh, to smile. 2. §To
look bright, cheerful, be fat 3. To smile, i. e. be favourable. 4.
(r. a.) To smile at, laugh at, ridicule, jest upon,
ridicule, adv. 1. Jestingly, smilingly. 2. Ridiculously.
ridiculus, a, nm. adj. 1. Droll, jesting, pleasantly facetious. 2. To
be laughed at, ridiculous, absurd: ridiculum acri fortius ac melius magna*
plerumque secat res, a bantering observation often settles difficult matters
better than strong language, H or.; +;«. as suljst., a jester, a buffoon; n.
as nbst., something laughable, a joke: per ridiculum dicitur, it is said in
joke, Cic; tnihi solre ridiculo luit, I had the joke all to myself, Ter. ;
qui sibi me pro ridiculo putat, who looks on me as his butt, Ter.
rigens, entis. part. fr. seq.; used also as adj. 1. Hard, stiff. 2. Un
yielding,
rigeo, ei, and rlgesco, is, oi, no sup. r. n. 1. To grow stiff, to be stiff,
(esp. with cold or fright), to be benumbed, to bristle up, to stand on end
(of hair). 2. To be hard,
rlgide. adv. Rigidly, vigorously,
rigidus. a, urn. adj. 1. Stiff, rigid. 2. Inflexible, stem, rigorous.
3. Hard. 4. Rough, unpolished, rude. 5. Fierce, cruel,
rigo, as. r. a. 1. To moisten, wet, bedew, irrigate : aquam per agros
rigabis, you will conduct water over the fields, (an old oracle in) Liv.;
natos uberibus gravidis vitali rore rigabat, she bathed the children in (suckled
them with) the dew of life from her heavy udders, Cic. (Poet.). 2. To
shed like dew : Ascanio per membra quietem, she sheds sleep over the
limbs of .Ascanius, Virg.
rigor, oris. m. 1. Rigidity, stiffness, hardness. 2. Rigour, strictness.
3. Want of polish, rudeness,
rlguns, a. am. adj. 1. Watered, well-watered. 2. §Irrigating (of a
river),
lima, x. f. A cleft, a chink, a crack, an opening, a leak : ignea rima, a flash
of lightning, Virg.
Timor, aris. v. dtp. 1. To make clefts in, to cleave, to turn up (the
earth ). 2. To examine, to explore, to investigate : elatis rimantur
H It 2
468 BIM — ROE
naribus tarns, they snuff the air with upturned nostrils, Ot.; rimaturque
epulis he both breaks up hi* entrails into food (or in his banquet), Yirg.
rixnosus. a. um. adj. Full of leaks or fissures, cracked, leaky,
ringor. eris. r. dep. To show the teeth, to grin, to snarl.
rip a. IE./., dim. ripula. as. 1. A bank of a river. 2. §A shore of the
sea.
triscas. L s». A trunk, a chest.
risor, oris. m. A laugher, a banterer, one who laughs at.
risui, us. as. Laughter, a laugh,
rite. ui/r. 1. With due religions ceremony. 2. Duly, properly,
rightly. 3. In the customary manner, as usual.
ritua, as. n. 1. A religious ceremony, a rite. 2. A custom, asagt,
manner, habit : pecudum ritu, after the manner of, i. e. like beasts, Liv.
rlv&lis, is. m. A competitor, a rival (esp. in love),
rivalltaa, atis./. Rivnl>hip. rivalry,
rivus, i. in., and dim. rivulus, La, A stream (lit. and metaph. of tears,
blood, of science, etc), a brook : e rivo fiumina magna facis, you make s
large river of a brook (as we say, a mountain of a molehill), Ov.
rixa, a./. A dispute, strife, quarrel, a brawl, a wrangle,
rixor, f ris. r. dtp. To quarrel, dispute, wrangle.
troblglnosus. a, um. I. Rusty. 2. Envious,
roblgo, Inis./ 1. Rust. 2. Mildew, blight 3. Dirt. 4. KM("
taph.) Inactivity, a growing rusty through idleness,
robdreua, a. tun. adj. Of oak, oaken.
roboro, aa. r. a. To make strong, to strengthen, to confirm, to invigorate.
rdbur, 6ris. a. 1. An oak. 2. Any hard wood (even of an olive tree).
3. ^Anything made of wood (the Trojan horse, a lance, a club, etc.). 4.
A dungeon, the lower part of the prison at Rome, built by Servius Tulfios,
5. Hardness, strength, force, power : civium vel flos vel rubur, the flower
or main strength of the citizens, Cic.
robastus. a. um. adj. 1. Of oak, made of oak, oaken. 2. Hard, firm,
strong, vigorous.
rodo, is, si . sum. v. a. 1 . To gnaw. 2. To corrode, to eat any
3. To cavil at, detract from, disparage, speak ill of.
rogalis, e. adj. Of or belonging to a funeral pile,
rogatio, dim. rogatiuncula, as. f. 1. A request. 2. A qu«tion.
3. A proposed law or decree, a bill,
rogator, oris. m. 1 . An officer to ask the people their votes, a polling
clerk. 2. The proposer of a law or bill. 3. + A beggar.
rogatus, us. m. (only in abl. sing.) A request.
rdglto, as. v. a. 1. To ask, to inquire. 2. +To ask, to beg, to entreat,
rogo, as. v. a. 1. To ask. to question, to interrogate. 2. To ask, to
inquire. 3. Esp. to ask n senator his vote or opinion. 4. To ask
the people their opinion about the law or the election of a magistrate.
5. To propose (a law, a bill, or a magistrate) : ut duos viros aedilH ex
partibus dictator populum rogaret, that the dictator should propose two men
of the patrician body to the people as fedilea, Liv. 6. Rngo Sacramento
(milites), to administer an oath (to soldiers): quos ex Cisalpina Gallia eon-
sulis Sacramento rogavisset, whom he had enlisted into the consul's army
out of Cisalpine Gaul, Cacs. 7. To ask, beg, entreat, solicit. 8. To
beg for, to request (often c dupl. ace ).
Togus, i. m. 1. A funeral pile. '-'. §The grave.
Bomuleus, a, tun, and §Romulus, a, um. adj. 1. Of Romulus, the
founder of Rome. 2. §Roman. Romulidaj. m. Descendants of
Romulus, Romans.
rorarii. orum. pi. m. Light-armed troops who skirmished in front of the
main body and then retired,
roresco, is, no pert. e. n. To be dissolved, to melt,
roridus, a, um. adj. Dewy.
tgrorlfer, era, erum. adj. Bringing dew.
 EOE-EUB 469
roro, as. v. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To distil dew. 2. To drop, to trickle
down. 3. To drip, to be wet, to be bedewed. 4. %(v. a.) To moisten.
5. To sprinkle: rorata pruina, the hoarfrost covering the ground like dew,
Ov.; pocula rainuta atque rorantia, cups of small size yielding the wine
drop by drop, Cic.
roe, roris. m. Dew (lit and metaph. of any moisture, of water, of blood, of
milk, of tears) ; pluvii rores, rain, Hor. ; non Arabo noster rore capillus olet,
my hair is not fragr.int with Ambian perfumes, Ov.; ros marimis, and ros
maris, rosemary, Hor. Ov.; ros by itself, rosemary, Virg. G. ii. 213.
rosa, GB./I 1. A rose. 2. A garland of roses: in rosa (opp. to in cru-
ciatu), on a bed of roses, Cic.
rosarium, i. n. A rosebed, a rose garden.
roscidus, &, am. adj. Dewy, wet with dew, bringing dew, dropping like
dew (honey): dea roecida, Aurora, Or. ; roscida rivis saza, a rocky country
irrigated with streams, Virg.
Roscius. a, am. adj. Of Roscius : Roscia lex, the law carried by Roscius
Otho appropriating fourteen rows of seats next to those of the senators to the
knights.
rdsetom, La. A rosebed, a rose garden.
rosea*, a, tun. adj. 1. Of roses. 2. Rosy-coloured, rosy, red, ruddy,
beautiful.
Rosens, a, tun. adj. Of Rosea, a district near Reate among the Sabines.
rostratus, a, am. adj. Having a beak, armed with a stout projecting point
like a beak in trout (of a ship): cui . . . tempora navali fulgent rostra corona,
whose temples glitter adorned with a naval crown ornamented with figures
of the beaks of ships, Virg.
rostrum, i. n. 1. A beak, a bill (of a bird), a mouth, a muzzle (of almost
any animal, of swine, dogs, bees, etc). 2. The beak or sharp projecting
point of a ship's head. 3. (inp(.) The rostrum, the stage or tribune for
public speakers (because that in the forum was adorned with the beaks of
the ships taken from the people of Annum ; v. Liv. viii. 14.).
rota, as. / 1. A wheel (of any kind, of a chariot, a potter's wheel, a
wheel for torture, etc.). 2. §A chariot 3. +§A disk or orb (of the
son etc.): fortunae rotam pertimescere, to dread the vicissitudes of fortune,
Cic; imparibus vecta Thalia rotis, the muse borne on a chariot with un
equal wheels (i. e. on the long and short verses of Elegiac metre), Ov.
rito, as. r. a. and a. 1, (t>. a.) To whirl round, to swing ronnd. 2.
To brandish. 3. (v. n.) To roll round, to revolve. 4. pan., to re
volve round and round, to wheel, to whirl round.
rotunde, adv. Roundly, i. e. smoothly.
rotundo, as. r a. To make round, to round off: mille talenta rotundentur,
let the round sum of 1000 talents to be made up, Hor.
rotundas, a. am. adj. 1. Round, circular, rounded. 2. Well rounded,
well turned (of a sentence, etc) 3. Round, full, i. e. with a rich, full
sound.
Srubefacio, is, feci, factum, v. a. To make red or ruddy, to redden.
Arabellas, a. nm. adj. Red, reddish.
ribeo, es, iind rubesco, is, bui, no sup. r. «. To grow red, to be red or
ruddy, to redden. 2. To blush.
ruber, bra, brum. adj. Red, ruddy : Eois timendum partibus, Oceanoque
Rubro, to be feared by the Eastern Districts and by the Red or Indian
Sea, Hor.; cum [sol] praecipitem . . .rubro lavit sequore currum, when he
bathes his horses in the sea growing red with his light, Viig.
;rubeta,se./ A toad.
rfibeta. arum. pi. x. Bramble thickets, a coppice of brambles.
rubeus, a, am. adj. Made of brambles.
rubicundua, a, am. adj. Ruddy, rubicund, glowing.
rubigo. —See Robigo.
rubor, oris. m. 1. Redness. 2. A blush : dims res ei rubori esse, [he
III
470 RUB-RDM
aid] that he was ashamed of two thing*, Liv. ; nee rubor ettemitte palsm,
nor need one blush (i. e. be ashamed) to have bought openly, Or.
ribrica, ae./. Red chalk, red ochre, red paint.
rubus, i. m. I. A bramble, a blackbei ry bush. 2. A blackberry.
ructo, as. v. ». and a., and more usu. ructor, aria, r. dep. 1. (r. a.) To
belch. 2. ; r. a. ) To have a taste of in one's mouth. 3. To utter.
ructus, us. m. A belching.
rudens. entis. m. 1 . A rope, a cord, a halyard. 2. A cable. 3.
(In pi.) The ropes and rigging of a ship.
rftdera, um. pin. 1. A rude mass, esp. a piece of copper used as a coin.
rudimeutum, In. A first attempt, a first essay, a beginning.
rudis, e. adj. 1. In the natural condition, not altered by art, unwrooght,
nntilled, unsmoothed, unpolished, coarse, rough. 2. New, untried, in
experienced (often c. gen. or §c. ad and ace.). 3. Uncivilised, rude, ig
norant, awkward.
rudis, is. f. A foil : donatus rude, presented with a foil (of a gladiator) (i.
e. discharged from all further service), Hor.; me quoqne donari jam rode
tempus erat, it was time for me to cease to practise my art (of poetry). Or.
rudo (usu. u), is, Ivi, Hum. r. n. To roar (of a lion or also of a man), to
bellow (of a stag), to bray.
*rudus, iris. n. Rubbish, stones broken small for plastering walls, etc.
rufuli, drum. m. The military tribunes chosen by the general (opp. to those
chosen by the people).
trufus, a, um. adj. Red, (esp.) redheaded, redhaired.
ruga. ae./. 1. A wrinkle. 2. JA crease, a fold.
*riigio, is. v. n. To roar (as a lion).
rugosus, a, um. adj. 1. Wrinkled. 2. Full of creases or wrinilei
(of bark).
ruina, m.f. 1. (Rare) A falling down, a fall. 2. (More nsu.) A
downfall, ruin by falling : Deiphobi dedit ampla ruinam domus, the sot
house ot Deiphobus fell in ruins, Virg. 3. Disaster, ruin, destructions
catastrophe, utter defeat : ilia dies utramqne ducet ruinam, that day shaQ
bring the death of both of us, Hor.; nimias edit ruinas, it (a sect) wis1
make too many false steps, Cic.; fluctibus oppressi, coelique ruina, over*
whelmed by the waves and the storm from heaven, Virg. 4. A budd
ing in ruins, a ruin, ruins.
rulnosus, a, um. adj. Ruinous, in ruinous condition, tumbling down,
ruined, that has become a ruin.
ruminatio, ouis. / 1. JA chewing of the cud, rumination. 2. Con
sideration, reflection.
rumlno, as. v. n. and a, 1. (». n.) To ruminate, to chew the cud. 2.
(v. a.) To eat (of an ox).
rumor, oris. m. Report, a report, rumour, common talk, hearsay : ta»
rumoresque hominum, the common talk and conversation of men, Liv.;
Marcellus adverso rumore esse, Marcellus began to be unfavourably spoken
of, Liv. ; rumore secundo, the general talk of the people being in tbur
favour, Virg.
rumpo, is, rupi, ruptum. v. a. 1. To break, to burst, to rend. 2. To
break asunder, tear asunder, to burst in pieces, to force open. 3. To
break, vio ate (a promise, treaty, a law, etc.). 4. To break off, to »•■
an end to, to cancel, to annul. 5. §To utter abruptly : rapere enneo
viam, they burst their way through in a solid wedge, Liv.; rapido cons
media agmina rumpit, with rapid advance he thrust his way through the
middle of the army, Virg.; [fons] dura Medusasi quem pra-petis ungi-b.
rupit, which the hard hoof of the winged Pegasus burst open (or opened,,
Ov.; unde tibi reditum certo subtemine Parcaj rupere, your return from
whence the Fates with their unalterable wo"f have cut off (by breskin?
asunder the thread of your life), Hor.; vituli qui guttura cultro rumpit.
who piercs the throat of the steer with a knife, Ov.
rumusculus, i. m., usu. pi Idle report, gossip.
 BUN-SAB 471
rfaut. 86. f. A kind of javelin.
Jnmco, as. r. a. To weed out, to pull out the hair from.
no, is, ui, ultum (in compounds rutum). v. n. and a. 1. (v. it.) To fall
with violence, to fall, to fall in ruins. 2. To meet with a downfall, to
go to ruin (of states, fortune, etc). 3. To rush, to run rapidly, to
hasten, to hurry. 4. To go on in a headlong course, to act precipitately,
hastily (so as to make mistakes). 5. (p. a.) To cast down, hurl down,
break down, prostrate, oTerthrow. 6. §To tear up, turn up ( as a storm
tears up the bottom of the sea, etc.) : cum rnit imbriferum ver, when spring
descends in showers, Virg.; ruit arduus aither, the lofty sky descends in
rain, Virg.; revoluta ruebat matura jam luce dies, day having revolved
round was hastening on with fuil light. Virg.; unde divitias serisque ruam,
die augur, acervos, tell me, 0 prophet, whence I am to rake up riches and
heaps of money, Hor.
rapes, is. / A rock, a cliff: rapes cavee, rocks full of caverns, Virg.
raptor, oris. m. A breaker, a violator.
irorkSla, as. nsed as adj. with nouns of every gender, even with aratrum. 1.
Cultivating the earth. 2. Presiding over the cultivation of the earth;
sa. as suhat., a farmer.
rarlgena, 83. m.f. Born in the country, a countryman, a rustic.
rnrtus, and §rursum. adv. 1. On the contrary, on the other hand, in re
turn, in turn: cursari rursum prorsum, to run to and fro, Ter. 2. (Most
usu.) Again, anew, back again.
ras, rfiris. «. The country, the fields: rare paterno, in the farm inherited
from your father, Hor.— ms is used after verbs of motion to or from, like
the names of towns, i. e. without a preposition.
rascum, i. n. Broom, butcher's broom.
rustlcanns, a. urn. adj. Of the country, countrified, rustic.
rusticatio. bnis.f. Living in the country, a country life.
rnstlce adv. In a countrified, rustic manner, clownish ly, awkwardly,
rasticitas, atia./I Countrified, rustic, unpolished manners, rusticity.
rasticor. axis. r. dtp. To live in the country, to rusticate.
rasticilns, a. nm. adj. 1. A little rustic, clownish, or coarse; hi. a*
mbd., a countryman; %f. as sulist., a heathcock.
nutlcnj. a, urn. adj. 1 . Of or belonging to the country, rural, rustic,
2. Unpolished, rude, clownish, awkward. 3. Coarse, gross. 4.
Simple, ignorant, not versed in the ways of the world. 5. Guileless,
honest; m. as subsl., a countryman, a peasant, a rustic.— /. as subsl. 1.
A country girL 2. JA heathcock.
rata caBsa. pi. n. Everything dug up or cut down on an estate without being
wrought, and which is reserved by the owner at a sale, e. g. the timber
and minerals (ruta being part. pass. fr. ruo, q. v.).
rata, m.f. 1. Rue. 2. Unpleasantness, disagreeableness.
-rutabaium, i. n. 1. A rake. 2. A ladle.
Irutatus. a, am. adj. Garnished or flavoured with rue.
ratilo, as. v. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To make or colour red. 2. (c. a.)
To be red, ruddy, to glow, to shine.
rfifflus, a, urn, adj. 1. Red, ruddy. 2. Glowing, brilliant (of fire,
etc).
rutram, i. ». A spade, a mattock, a shovel.
rfitula. as./ A little bit of me.
Butaltu, a. nm. adj. Of the Rutuli, a people of Latium, whose chief city
was Ardea, and of whom Turnus was king.

Sabam*, a, nm. adj. Of Saba, the chief town in Arabia, Arabian.

nit 4
472 SAB— SjEC
sabb&ta, Oram, pi. a. 1. The Jewish sabbath. 2. §Any Jewish
festival : tricesima sabhata, the new moont Hor.
Sibelius, a, am , and Sabelllcus, a, urn. adj. Sabine.
Sabinus, a, am. adj. Of the Sabines, an ancient Italian tribe adjoining the
Latin*. n. aa stibst. Sabine wine : herbs: Sabine, the herb facia, a
kind of juniper, Or.
Sabis, is. m. The river Sambre in France.
■aborra, 89. / Sand used as ballast.
St+sacco, as. r. a. To strain through a bag, to filter.
saccus, i m., and dim. sacculus, i. i«. 1. A sack, a bag. 2. A money
bag, a purse.
sacellum, La. A consecrated place without a roof, a shrine, a chapel.
sacer, era, cram. adj. 1. Sacred, holy, consecrated : sacrum commissum,
a crime against religion, Cic. ; Mons Sacer, a mountain near Rome, on the
other side of the river Anio ; Via Sacra, a street in Rome leading from the
Forum to the Capitol ; sacer lapis, a boundary stone, Liv. 2. Devoted
to a divinity for destruction, accursed : auri sacra fames, execrable thirst
for gold. a. as subst. 1. Any holy thing, any holy vessel or sacred
utensil. 2. A sacred rite, a sacred festival. 3. Religion, Dirine
worship. 4. (In pi.) The private religious rites of a family. A. (la
pi.) Sacred mysteries, any mysteries : qui nocturnus Divum sacra legerit,
who by night has stolen the sacred things belonging to the Gods (has com
mitted sacrilege), Hor.
sacerdos. Otis. m.f. A priest or priestess.
sacerdotium, i. a. The office of priest, the priesthood.
■aoramentom, i. a. 1. An oath (esp. that taken by soldiers to be true to
their standards : praetori imperatum est ut Petellius oranes minores quinqoi-
ginta annis Sacramento rogaret, Petellius was ordered to administer the
military oath to every one under fifty years of age, Liv. 2. The sum which
two parties to a lawsuit at first deposited with the Tresviri Capitales, bat fa
which they subsequently became bound, and the deposit of the losing party
was used for religious purposes. 3. An action, a civil suit.
sacrarium, i. a. A shrine, a sacristy, an oratory, a chapel.
sacratus. a, am. pari. pats. fr. sacro ; also as adj. Holy, sacred.
tstlcricola, a. m.f. A priest or priestess.
jjaacrlfer. Sra, erum. adj. Bearing or conveying sacred things.
sacriflcalis, e. adj. Belonging to sacrifices, sacrificial.
sacriflcatio, onis./ An offering of sacrifice, sacrificing.
sacrificium, i. a. A sacrifice.
sacrifico, as. v. a. and n. To sacrifice (c. ace or c. abl. of the victim or
sine a).
sacrificulus. i. m. A sacrificing priest.
sacrlficus, a, am. adj. Of or belonging to sacrifice, sacrificial : et raodo
sacrifico Clusius ore vocor, and sometimes I am called Clusias by the mouths
of those who sacrifice to me, Ov.
aacrilegium, i. a. Sacrilege, robbing a temple, stealing sacred things.
sacrilegos, a, am. adj. Sacrilegious, committing or capable of couunittinr
sacrilege, impious; m and/, as subst., a wicked person.
sacro. v. a. To consecrate, to set apart as sacred, to dedicate or devote to
a Divinity or (raetaph.) to any special purpose. 2. To devote to de
struction, to declare accursed. 3. (Rare) To worship as sacred. 4. To
immortalise (by panegyric poems, etc.) : fcedus quod in Capitolio sacratnn
esset, the treaty which had been ratified with religious ceremonies in the
Capitol, Liv.; lex sacrata, a law in one of the clauses of which it «ii
enacted that whoever should violate it should be held accursed with all his
family, Liv.
sacrosanctus, a, am. adj. Sacred, inviolable (often esp. of the persons of
magistrates).
sacrum, v. Sacer.
tsecaliris, e. adj. Belonging to a sasculum, celebrated at the end of s
 SMC—SAL 473
UMulmn or period of 100 years: Carmen Sseculare (of Horace), the ode
composed for the Ludi Sseculares celebrated by command of Augustus
a. a. c 737.
saeculum, sync. SsaDclum, i. n. 1. t§A race: muliebre srecluni, the female
sex, women, I. tier. 2. (Most usu.) A generation, an age, a lifetime :
in id saeculum Romuli cecidit astas, Romulus lived in those times, Cic.
3. An age, a century, a hundred years: tarda gelu steel i- que effeta senectus,
old age chilled and worn out with the frost of many years, Virg.; so longo
patida ssecnlo, Hor.
•ape, enmpar. saepitu, saepissime, also saepeniimero. adv. Often, often
times, frequently, repeatedly, many times.
+saevidlcus, a, um. adj. Spoken with bitterness, harsh.
saeve, and +S8eviter. adv. Fiercely, savagely, cruelly.
saevio, is, Ivi, itum v.n. 1. To rajre, to be furious, to be fierce. 2. To
be very angry (sometimes c. dat.): ( pass, impers.) constat Troja capta in
ceteros ssvitum esse Tmjanos, it is agreed that after the talcing of Troy
the rest of the Trojans were treated with great severity, Liv.
saevltia, a?, and Jties, eL Rage, fierceness, sarageness, cruelty, ferocity,
violence, (in pi.) severe measures.
•sevQS, a, tun. adj. 1. Roused to fierceness, fierce, cruel, raging, savage.
2. (In a good sense, of a warrior, etc.) Terrible. 3. Severe, stern,
rigorous. 4. Violent, destructive (of storms, fire, etc.). 5. Powerful,
to be looked on with awe, or dread. 6. In a desperate state (oi af
fairs), desperate : saeva tympana, the drums (of Cybele) giving forth fierce
sounds, Hor.
sign, as. f. A sorceress, an enchantress, a witch.
sagacitas, atis. f. 1, Keenness of scent (in hounds). 2. Acuteness of
perception, sagacity, shrewdness.
sagaciter. adv. 1. With a keen scent. 2. Sagaciously, shrewdly,
■cutely.
sagatus. a, tun. adj. Clothed in a sagnm, q. v.
tagax, acis. adj. 1. Keen-scented (of hounds). 2. Sagacious, shrewd,
acute, clever (sometimes c. ad and ace, or §c. gen,, or §c. intin., Jc. abl.).
ligina, ae. f. Stuffing, cramming, feasting, gluttony. 2. JFuod. 3.
t A fatted animal. 4. J Fatness, fat.
sagino. as. v. a. 1. To fatten. 2. To feast, to give a feast to.
•agio. is. v. n. (rare.) To perceive acutely,
sagitta, 89. / An arrow.
Sagittarius, i. m. 1. An archer, a bowman : eques Sagittarius, a body of
mounted archers, Tac. 2. The constellation Sagittarius,
ssagittlfer. era, erum. adj. Armed with bows and arrows.
jSagittipotens, entis. m. The constellation Sagittarius,
sag-men. inis. «. Vervain, a tuft of which plucked within the citadel marked
the persons of the Roman ambassadors as inviolable,
sag&lum, Li. A small military cloak (esp. the purple one worn by the
general ).
sag-am, is. 1. A military cloak : saga sumere, to put on the dress of war
(as was done in time of war by all Romans except those of consular rank),
Cic. ; to ad saga ire, Cic. ; cum est in sagis civitas, when the state is under
arms, is at war, Cic ; saga posita sunt, the sagum was laid aside (in honour
of a great victory, as if it had terminated the war), Liv. 2. A coarse
cloak worn by servants and by the Germans.
Ml, salis. sing. m. n.,pl. only m. 1. Salt. 2. §The sea, sea-water.
3. Wit, humour, good taste (in speaking, etc.).
salaco. onis. m. | aaXiitwi/.] A braggart,
Salamis, is, and Inis./. 1. An island close to Athens, off which the
great naval victory of the Greeks over the Persians took place. 2.
A city in Cyprus, founded by T- ucer.
§salaputinm, i. n. A little bit of a man, a mannikin.
salarius, a, um. adj. Of, belonging to, or arising from salt : f. as suht^
474 SAL
the Via Salaria, the road leading into the Sabine territory (by which
the Sabines fetched nit from the tea) ; *• as most., a aaUry, a stipend.
salax, acis. adj. 1. Salacious, lustful. 2. Exciiinn lust.
salebra, a>./. 1. A rugged, rough road. 2. (Melaph.) Roughness (of
style, etc.) : heeret iu salebra, it sticks fast and cannot get on (of a speech ;
a kind of proverb), Cic
Js&lebrosus, a, um. adj. Rugged, rough, difficult (metaph. of an author).
Saliaris, e. adj. 1. Of the Salii, q. v. 2. (As splendid banquets were
connected with the possession of the Salii) Splendid, sumptuous, luxu
rious.
Saliatus, (is. m. The office of a Priest of Man.—See Salii.
salictum, L is. A grove of willows, an osierbed.
salignus, a, nm. adj. Made of willow, of osier.
Salii, 6mm pL m. 1 . A college of priests of Mars, who had the care of
the ancilia. and who made solemn processions about Rome in the begin
ning of March. 2. § Priests of Hercules.
§salillum. i. n. A saltcellar.
salinae, arum. pi./. Salt-works, salt-pits.
salmum, i. n. A saltcellar.
salio, Is, ni, saltam. r. n. 1. To leap, to jump, to bound, to spring.
2. To dance. 3. To beat (as the heart), to throb, to palpitate. 4.
(As v. a.) To leap upon : farre pio et saliente mica, with a pious offering of
corn and grains of salt (because, according to Face., when thrown into the
fire, it bounds up and crackles ; but perhaps it comes from salio, to salt,
scarcely found elsewhere except in part, salsus.) ; pre*, part. pi. salient.-*.
springs of water.
ijsalisubsuli, arum. pi. m. Priests of Mars.
satiunci, 89. f. The wild nard.
saliva. SB. / 1. Spittle, saliva. 2. Taste, flavour.
salix, icis. f. A willow-tree.
salpa, sb. f. A kind of fish.
aalsamentum, i. n. 1 . Brine, pickle. 2. fSalt fish (usn. in pi.).
Salsa, adv. Wittily, facetiously.
salsus, a. nm. adj. 1. Salt (esp. of the sea), briny. 2. Witty, fas-
tioui>, humorous, in good taste (of a speech, a jest, etc).
saltatio. onis. / Dancing.
saltator, oris. m.. and/, saltatrix, Icis. A dancer.
saltatorius, a, urn. wlj. Of or belonging to dancing.
saliatus, us. m. A dance at a religious festival, a sacred dance.
saltern, adv. At least, at all events: non deorum saltern si non horahna
memores, not regarding men nor even the Gods, Liv.
salto, as. v. n. 1. To dance. 2. To gesticulate. 3. (Almost si
v. a. c. ace.) To dance in the character of, to represent in dancing: ssltsts
poemnta, poems the recitation of which is accompanied by dancing. Or.;
ficti saltantur amantes, lovers are represented in the dance, Ov.
saltuosus, a. um. adj. 1. Full of forests, woody, well wooded.
saltus, us. m. [salio.] 1. A leap, a spring, a bound. 2. A dance.
saltus, us. ns, 1. A woody district, a forest, a glade in a forest, §» pro".
2. A woody defile, a pass through woods or wooded mountains,
saluber, bris, bre ; also in prone more usu. salubris. m.f. 1. Healthft,
wholesome, salubrious, salutary. 2. Useful, advantageous, benendsi.
3. In good health, healthy.
salubrltas, atis./ 1. Health fulness, wholesomeness, salubrity. 2. A
means of safety, a prospect of safety. 3. ^Health : salubritas oration*
the healthy tone of a speech, Cic.
salubrlter. adv. 1. Healthfully, wholesomely. 2. Profitably, beoei-
cially, advantageously,
salum, i n., no pL The sea, the high sea, the main: in salo stare, to lie st
anchor in the open sea, Liv.; salo nauseaque confecti, worn out with the
voyage and seasickness, Cess.
 SAL—SAN 475
MU&s, litis. / ]. A being «afe, safety, preservation, a safe and sound
condition, welfare. 2. §Health. 3. A greeting, a salutation, a wish
expressed for a person's safety and pro*perity: Terentia impertit tibi raul-
tam salutem, Terentia salutes you heartily, Cic; salutem et foro dicam et
curia?, I shall bid the forum and senate-house farewell [a rare use of the
word], Cic; quod cum salute ejus fiat, and may it do him good, Ter.
iilatarii, e. adj. 1. Healthful, wholesome, salutary. 2. Beneficial,
serviceable, advantageous. 8. Presiding over or giving safety (epith.
of Jupiter): salutaris littera, the letter A, the initial of Absolvo, I acquit.
lalutariter. adv. Beneficially, advantageously, in a salutary manner.
salutatio, onis. /. 1. A greeting, salutation. 2. A complimentary
visit early in the morning (of a dependant to a great man).
salutator, oris. m. One who pays a complimentary visit to a great man.
vsalutatrix, icis. /. One who salutes: turba salutatrix, the crowd of salu-
tatores, Juv.
§aaltttlfer, era, erum. adj. Bringing safety or welfare, giving health.
taluto. as. v. a. 1. To greet, to salute. 2. To pay a complimentary
visit to early in the morning, to pay one's respects to. 3. To worship
(a deity). 4. fTo take leave of.
salve, adv. In good health, in good condition or fortune, well: satin' salve?
is all well ? Li v.
salveo, es, no perf. (only found in imper., fut. in imper. sense, and infin., and
only in second pers.). 1. (A word of greeting) Hail, good morning, wel
come, I wish you well : salve fatis mihi debits tellus, hail, O land, de
stined for me by the fates, Virg. ; Alexin salvere jubeas veliin, greet
Alexis for me, Cic. ; salvebis a meo Cicerone, my son Cicero greets you well,
Cic. ; salvere jubet, he wishes him good morning. 2. (More rare) Fare
well.
salvus, a, urn. adj. Safe and sound, in good condition, in good health, well,
alive, prosperous : salvis rebus, while matters were in statu quo, Cic. ; salvia
legibas, without violating the laws, Cic. ; ne sim salvus si alitor scribo ac
sentio, may I die if I do not write as 1 feel, Cic ; salvus sis, may you pros
per, God bleis you, Plant.
*sambuca. ae. f. A triangular stringed instrument of shrill tone.
sambucistria, as. f. A player on the sambuca.
Samius, a, urn. adj. Of Samoa, an island on the coast of Asia Minor,
celebrated for its fine potters' clay, also as being the birthplace of Py
thagoras : Samius, the Samian, i. e. Pythagoras, Ov. ; Samite testa?, dishes
of fine Samian china, Tib.: Threicia Samoa, the island of Samothrace in
the north of the iEzeau Sea.
Samnltia. m. 1. JAn inhabitant of Samnium, a district in Italy. 2. A
kind of gladiator armed with Samnite weapons.
sanabilis, e. adj. That can be healed, curable, that can be relieved.
ianatio, onis./. A healing, curing, relieving.
sancio, la, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To establish as sacred or inviolable.
2. To ratify, sanction, confirm. 3. To establish, appoint, ordain. 4.
To forbid under pain of a penalty named (c. abl. of the penalty) : capite
tanxit si quis . . . , he made it a capital offence for any one . . ., Cic
sancte. attv. Solemnly, religiously, conscientiously, scrupulously.
sanctlmonia, ae. f. Sacredness, sanctity, virtue, moral purity.
sanctio, onis./! 1. An establishing, ordaining as inviolable under penalty
of a curse. 2. A sanction, ratification. 3. An ordinance,
sanctitas. atis. f. 1. Sanctity, sacredness. 2. Virtue, moral purity,
integrity. 3. Modesty, chastity,
tsacctor, oris. m. An establishes a sanctioner.
sanctas. a, urn. adj. 1. Sacred, inviolable, holy. 2. Pious, religious.
3. Upright, honest, virtuous, conscientious, scrupulous. 4. Pure, chaste,
tandalinm, is. A sandal.
: sandaplla, ae. /. A bier.
476 SAN— SAB
sandix, Ids./ Vermillion, red paint, red dye. madder.
Bine. adv. 1. Sensibly, discreetly. 2. Truly, forsooth, cerUinly, in
deed, to be sure. 3. (In replies) By nil means, certainly: recte sane,
bene sane, very well, Ter. 4. (With a negative) In truth, altogether:
non sane mirabile hoc quidem, this in truth is not very strange, Cic;
nihil sane esset, there would be absolutely nothing, Cic
Jsauguiiians, antis. adj. Bloodthirsty, sanguinary.
sangulnarius, a, am. adj. Bloodthirsty.
sanguineus, a, im. adj. 1 . Of blood, consisting of blood, bloody. 2.
Bloodstained. . 3. §Blood-red, red. J
gsangulnilentus, a, tun. adj. 1. Bloody, bloodstained. 2. Blood-red.
3. Bloodthirsty.
sanguis, Inis. m., and tsanguen. n. 1. (Nop/.) Blood. 2. Relation
ship by blood. 3. §Race, family, descent: seu Deos regesve canit Deo-
rum snnguinem, whether he sings Gods, or kings the children of the
Gods, Hor. 4. Vigour, strength, spirit, life.
sanies, ei./. 1. Diseased blood, bloody matter, gore. 2. §The slaver
of a serpent, of Cerberus, etc.
sanltas, atU./. 1. Soundness of body, health. 2. Soundness of mind,
sanity, one's senses, good sense. 3. Correctness of style, purity of dic
tion, etc., vigour of style : victoria! sanitas, the permanent effect of ue
victory, Tac.
tsanna, se. /.' A grimace by way of mockery.
sannio, onia. m. A buffoon, a grimacer.
sano, as i . ii. 1. To make sound, to cure, to heal, to restore to health.
2. To remedy, repair, to remove (an evil). 3. To pacify, quiet, ap
pease.
Sanqualis avis. A bird sacred to Sanctis a deity of the Sabines, an
osprey.
s&nus, a. um. adj. I. Sound in body, healthy, whole, well. 2. Sound
in mind, sane, in one's senses, rational. 3. Discreet, sensible, prudent:
male sauus, out of one's senses, mad, raving,
sapa, a?./! Must, or new wine boiled thick.
*saperda, 85. /. A kind of herring,
sapiens, entis. adv. Wise, sensible, discreet, judicious, prudent, shrewd ;
in. as $tdi$t.% a wise man, a philosopher, a sage,
sapienter. adv. Wisely, prudently, discreetly, judiciously,
sapientia, se / 1. Wisdom, prudence, discretion. 2. Philosophy,
sapio, Is, ivi, no sup. r. o. and n. 1. (v. a.) To taste of (as food does),
to savour of. 2. (r. «.) To have taste, to have the sense of taste. S-
To have discernment, to be wise, prudent, sensible. 4. (r. a.) To be
wise in respect of, i. e. to know, to understand (c. ace) : cum n ... •
nil parvnm sapias, since you direct your attention to nothing trivial, Hor.;
cum snpimus patrons, when we give a taste of our uncles, L e. when *e
resemble them, Pers.
sapor, oris. m. 1. Taste, flavour. 2. fThe sense of taste, the taste.
3. That which tastes well, a pleasant taste, a dainty. 4. §Juice: sapor
vemaculus, native wit, Cic
Sapphicus, a, am. adj. Of or derived from Sappho a Lesbian lyric
poetess,
sarcina, as. f. A package, a bundle, a burden, a load: sarcitis hate, this
weiglit of care, or of grief, Ov.
sarclnarius, a, um. adj. Carrying baggage (of beasts).
£sarclnula, se. f. A package, a bundle : gener .... puella* ssrcinulis
impar, a son-in-law who falls short of the dowery given to the damsel,
Juv.
sarcio, Is, si, turn, v. a. 1. To mend, to patch. 2. To repair, restore,
renew. 3. To make amends for (a fault, etc, by doing better in future).
—See sartus.
 SAR-SAT 477
^sarcophagus, i. m. [<rip( <pdyu.] A coffin, a sarcophagus (prop, one made
of lime&tone, which caused the body to decay rapidly).
sarculum. i. n. A hoe.
'Sardonyx, ychis. m. f. A Sardonyx, a precious stone.
Sardous, a, um, and 8ardus, a, um, adj. Sardinian: sardoa berba, crows-
foot, Virg.
sargus, i m. A kind of fish.
sarissa, ae. /. A long Macedonian lance.
sarissophorus, La A Macedonian lancer.
Saxmaticus, a, um. adj. Of the Sarmatce. a tribe dwelling in what is now
part of Poland and Southern Russia : Sarmaticum mare, the Black Sea,
Ov.
aarmentum, i. n., usu. in pi. 1. Brushwood, faggots. 2. Fascines.
SarranuB, a, um. adj. (Sarra was an old name of Tyre) Tyrian.
sarracum, i. «. A kind of waggon or cart: sarraca Bootse, Charles's wain,
Juv.
Caarrio, Is, ivi. Hum. v. a. To hoe.
^sartago, Inis./ 1. A fryingpan. 2. A medley, a hash (metaph.).
lartus, a, um. part. pan. fr. sarcio, q. v. (Of a house) In thorough repair,
(metaph. of a person) in good condition in every respect.
aat See satis.
satago, U. and tsataglto, as. sometimes in tmesi., and then often as ago
satis. To have enough to do, to have one's hands full.
satelles. Itis. m.f. 1. An attendant, esp. a soldier in attendance, a life
guard ; in pi., guards. 2. (In pi.) Attendants, retinue, followers, a train.
3. A satellite, one who does the bidding of another (in a bad sense) : ea-
telles Orci, Cerberus; Jovis pennata eatelles, the winged attendant of Jove,
i. e. the eagle ; satellites sederunt, the ministers of his crimes, Cic
aatias. atis (no pi.),/ (rare except in nom.). Sufficiency, abundance, satiety.
satietas, atis./ Satiety, a being glutted (with anything) loathing.
satin' for satisne. See satis.
satio, as. r. a. 1. To fill, to satisfy, to satiate, to sate, to content (c. abl.
or §c. gen. of that with which). 2. To saturate, to impregnate.
satio. onis./ Sowing, planting, seed time.
satlra. S3. / [Satur, therefore prop, satura]. Satire, satirical poetry, a
satire.
sitis (abridged sat; as n. tvbst. or adj., com par. satins). 1. Enough, a suf
ficient quantity, sufficient (often c. gen.) : non satis est pulchra esse poe*
rn.Ua, it is not enough for poems to be beautiful, Hor. 2. (compar. only
in nom. and ace. neuL sing.) Better, preferable, more desirable (in legal
forms) : satis do (sometimes written as one word), to give sufficient security;
si quid tibi satisdandum est, if any security is to be given to you, Cic; hoc
quod satis dato drbeo, this debt for the payment of which 1 have given se
curity, Cic; satis accipio, to take sufficient security. See satisfacio, satago.
satis, abridged sat. adv. 1 . Enough, sufficiently. 2. (Qualifying an
adjective) Tolerably, in a tolerable degree, moderately passably.
satisdatio, onis / A giving security, a giving bail.
satisfacio. Is, feci, factum, v. a. (no past, except as impere.). 1. To sa
tisfy, to content (c. dat). 2. To give sufficient security to. 3. To
give satisfaction to, make reparation to (by restitution or apology): (pas*.
impere.) nisi publice satisfactum sit, unless a public apology be made, Cic.;
satisfied postulat ille sibi, he is requiring satisfaction to be made to him, Ov.
satisfactio, onis,/ Satisfaction, i. e. amends, reparation (by way of resti
tution or of apology), excuse, apology.
sator, oris. m. I. A sower, a planter. 2. § A father. 3. An author,
originator, contriver.
satrapes, as. m. A satrap, a viceroy of a Persian province.
satur, ura, urom. adj. 1. That has eaten enough, satisfied, sated (c
abl. or c gen.). 2. Well supplied, well filled. 3. §Rich, fertile.
478 SAT—SCA
4. Rich in colour, deepdyed. 5. ( Ran) Fruitful (of ■ subject) : satura
lanx, a diah filled with various kindi of fruit.—See aatora,
aatireia, orum. pi. a. The herb savory.
saturitas. atis./ 1 . Abundance, plenty. 2. t Fulness, satiety.
S&turnalia, am. pi. n. A festival in honour of Saturn beginning Decem
ber 17.
Saturains, a. am. adj. Of Saturn : Saturn ia tellus, Italy, Virg.; Saturaia
gem, the Italians, Ov.; §m. as niitt., the son of Saturn, L e. Jupiter; %f. as
subtL, the daughter of Saturn, i. e. Juno.
eatftro, as. r. a. I. To fill, to glut, to satiate, to content. 2. To satu
rate, to impregnate, to dye thoroughly : (in past.) [Juno] necdum antiquum
saturaia dolorem, not yet satiated as to (L e. not having yet appeased) her
ancient grudge, Virg.
satus, a, am. part. past, of sera, q. v.; as adj. 1. Sown (of the crop or
the laud). 2. Born of (c abl.) : satus Anchisi, the son of Anchises,
i. e. .Eneas, Virg.; sata nocte, the daughter of night, Alecto; «. pL as
su/jsl.. corn fields, standing corn.
satus, is. m. 1. Sowing, planting. 2. The begetting of children.
3. Race, origin. 4. Seed (rare).
Satyriscus, i. m. A little Satyr.
Satyrns. L m. 1. A kind of sylvan Deity with goat's feet. 2. Gre
cian Satyric plays.
sauciatio, onia./ A wounding.
saurio, as. v. a. 1. To wound, to lacerate. 2. To pierce, to stab (§even
of a plough piercing the ground).
saucina, a, am. adj. 1. Wounded (lit and metaph., §even of the grosmd
turned up by the plough). 2. Wounded in the mind, hurt, affected se
verely. 3. (Metaph.) Crippled, enfeebled (in one's resources).
§iaxatilis, e. adj. Dwelling among rocks and stones.
aaxetum, i. n. A rocky place.
laxeus, a, am, adj. Of rock, rocky, of stone, stony : nbi saxea prorubet
umbra, where the shade of rocks overhangs (the pastures), Virg.; stopaH
ceu saxa, she stood stupefied and motionless, as if made of stone, Ov.
sailflcus, a, am. adj. Turning people into stone, petrifying,
sazlfragus, a, am. adj. Breaking or crushing stones.
saxosus, a. am. adj. Full of rocks or stones, rocky, stony : sazosamqw
sonans Hvpanis, and the river Bog brawling as it passes over the neks,
Virg.
saxum, i. and dim. saxolum, i «. 1. A rock (properly a detached frag
ment of rock, a large stone, a stone. 2. (Sometimes esp.) The Tarpeiaa
rock. 3. §Marble. 4. §A stone wall : satis diu hoc jam saxum volto,
I have been long enough trying to roll up this stone (i. e, labouriug in vain,
referring to Sisyphus), Ter.
aeabellam, i, or "scabillnm, i. n. 1. JA footstool. 2. A kind of ess-
tanet played on with the loot.
scaber, bra, brum. adj. 1. Rough (esp. from dirt), scurfy, coarse. i
scabby, mangy.
acabies, ei./ I. Roughness (esp. from dirt or rust. 2. The msnje,
the itch. 3. (Very rare) An itching for, a longing desire: occupet ex-
tremum scabies, (answering to our proverb) the devil take the hindmost
Hor.
*scabi68us. a, am. adj. 1. Rongh, scurfy, mangy. 2. Old, mildewed.
scabo. is, bi, no sup. e. a. To scratch.
acala, a. /., usu. in ;;/. A ladder, a flight of steps or stairs.
icalmus, i. m. [ <TKa\ii6s.] A thole-pin, a peg to which the oar was
strapped,
scalpellum, i. «. A small surgical knife, a scalpel, a lancet
icalpo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To cut, carve, engrave. 2. JTo scrsJcs.
aoalprum, i. «. A chisel, a sharp knife, a penknife.
Jscalptorium, in. An instrument to scratch with.
 SC A—SCI 479
•eammonea, tt.f. Scammony.
•camnum, i. n. I . A bench, a stool, a form. 2. A footstool.
seando, is, di. sum. r. a. and n. To climb, to mount, to clamber up, to
ascend (c. ace. or c. in and ace. or sine c.) : scandunt eodem, they climb up
to the same height, Hor.
Kapha, n.f. [o-mi^i).] A little boat
scaphium, i. n. A basin or driuking-vessel in the shape of a boat.
scapula;, arum. pi/. 1. The shoulder-blades. 2. fThe shoulders.
•capos, i. m. 1. A stem, a stalk, a trunk, a post. 2. A wearer's
beam.
scar us. i. m. A sea fish, a kind of char.
scatebra, 82. /. A bubbling or gushing up of water.
sciteo. es, and -(-scatio. Is. 1. To bubble np, gush forth. 2. To
abound, to be full of (c abl. or +§c. gen.).
teaturio, Is. no per'', r. n. To be full of, abound in.
staurus, a, urn. adj. With swollen ankles.
seelerate. adv. Wickedly, nefariously, atrociously.
•celeratus, a, um. part. fr. seq ; used as adj. 1 . Polluted by crime and
wickedness. 2. Wicked, impious, nefarious, atrocious. 3. Harmful,
pernicious (of cold, disease, etc.): sceleratum limen, the entrance to the
abode of the wicked in the shades below, Virg. ; sedes scelerata, the abode
of the wicked, Ov.; scclerntas sumere pumas, to inflict the punishment due
to her wickedness, Viri:.; sceh-ratua Proteus, that cunning Pioteus, Hor.
^scelero, as. v. a. To defile with wickedness.
sceleste. adv. 1. Wickedly, impiously. 2. Roguishly, mischievously.
scelestus, a, um. adj. Wicked, impious, nefarious, impious.
scelus, 8ris. n. 1. A wicked action, an evil deed, a crime. 2. Wicked
ness. 3. t(In comedy) A rascal, a scoundrel.
seena, a./, [amirl).] 1. The stage, the theatre (lit. and metaph.) : scena
rei totius haec, the way the whole matter was acted was this, Cic. ; scenam
ultro criminis parat, he prepares a ata^e trick as a pretext for his crime,
Tac; Agamemnoniia scenis agitatus Orestes, the frenzied Orestes in the
play about Agamemnon, Virg.; scense scholasticorum, the schools of the
rhetoricians for the display of eloquence, Tac.
Kenlcus, a, um. adj. 1. Of or belonging to the stage or theatre, scenic,
theatrical. 2. Represented on the stage; m. as nihil., an actor, a stage
player.
jjssceptrlfer, era, erum. adj. Bearing a sceptre.
sceptrum, i. «. 1. A sceptre, the ensign of royalty. 2. Royal au
thority.
'•eeptuchus, L m. [o-ktixtoExoj.] A sceptre bearer, an officer of state in
the East
scheda. or sclda, 89, dim. schedula, 89./ [o-X'Sn] A leaf of paper.
+ ^schema, atis. n. | ixwi 1 A figure (esp. a figure of speech).
*schcenlbates, as. m. [itx'"1"' (sWrst. ] A ropedancer.
Schceneius, a, am. Of Schceueus the father of Atilanta.
schola, SB./. [ffxoA^.] 1. A learnel conversation, a scientific or phi
losophical discussion. 2. A place fur such conversation, a school. 3. A
school, i. e. a sect (of philosophers).
Jscholastlcus, a, um. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a school (esp. of
rhetoric). 2. (». pi. as subst.) School exercises, declamations. 3. A
lecturer (esp. on rhetoric), a rhetorician. 4. A pupil in a school of
rhetoric
scida, as. — See Scheda.
sciens, entis. pari. pres. fr. scio, q.v. ; also aa adj., c. compar. etc 1 . In
tentional (of an agent), with one's eyes open. 2. Knowing, under
standing, skilful in (c. gen. or §c. infm. \.
scienter. adv. Skil'ullv, expertly, cleverly.
acientia, as. I. Knowledge, science, skill. 2. Theory (opp. to ars,
practice).
480 SCI — SCE
scilicet, adr. [scire licet] 1. Evidently, certainly, surely, to be snre, of
course, doubtless (often ironical). 2. Forsooth, namely.
scilla, se. or squilla, se. /. 1. A small kind of lobster. 2. J A squill,
a sea-onion.
scindo, is, scldi, scissnm. o. a. 1. To cut, to tear, to rend, to split, to
cleave. 2. To divide, to separate. 3. To interrupt : genus ambnrum
sciudit se sanguine ab nno, the descent of both branches off from one parent
stock, Virg. ; ne icindam ipse dolorem meum, that I may not myself tear
open (i. e. renew) my grief, Cic.
scintilla, and dim. scintillula. as. f. 1. A spark. 2. (Metaph.) A
gli'nmer, a faint light or trace.
scintillo, as. v. n. To emit sparks, to flash, to gleam.
scio, is, scivi, scltum. v. a. To know, to understand, to perceive, to be
aware of, to be skilful in : scire Latine, to understand Latin, Cic ; de
legibus itistituendis de bello scisse melius, to have been a greater master of
the subject of legislation, and of war, Cic. ; fidibus scire, to be a skilful
player nn the lyre, Ter. ; ut sciat plebs, that the people should ordain . . . .,
Liv. 26. 33. (probably scisceret is the true reading).
scipio. Suit. m. A staff, a wand of office, a staff given as a present by the
Romans to friendly princes.
acirpeus. a. um. adj. Of rushes, made of rushes.
scirplculus, i. m. A basket of rushes.
tscirpus, i. m. A bulrush : noduin in scirpo quasris, you are looking for s
knot in a bulrush (i. e. finding a difficulty where there is none), Ter.
Jsciscitator, oris. m. An investigator.
sciscitor, aril. r. dep. 1. To ask, to inquire. 2. To consult (sn
oracle).
scisco. is, scivi, scltum. v. a. 1. To ordain, to enact, to decree (only of
the pnpulus or plebs, not of the senate or any single ruler). 2. To vote
for (of nn individual). 3. tTo know.
scissus, a, am, part. fr. scindo, q. v. 1. Cut, torn, rent. 2. (Also ss
adj.) Scissum genus vocis, a harsh, grating kind of voice, Cic ; scisse gen*,
cheeks furrowed (by wrinkles), Prop.
scite. adv. Skilfully, cleverly.
scitor. Sris. c. dep. 1. To ask, to inquire. 2. To consult (in
oracle).
scltum, i. a. 1. An ordinance, a decree, an enactment (esp., but not
solely, one passed by the people). 2. A witty saying, a humorous in
cident.
scitus, us, in. (joined with plebis). An ordinance, a decree, an enactment
status, a. um. ailj. ; part. pass, of scio, used as adj. 1. Shrewd, clever,
judicious, sensible (of persons and things). 2. Skilful (c gen,).
scobis, is. f. Sawdust, scrapings, filings.
scomber, bri. m. A mackerel.
scopoe, arum. p/.f. 1. £T wigs, bushes, thin branches. 2. A broom:
ut in proverbio est, scopas dissolvere, to untie a broom, as the saying ii
(i. e. to throw everythtng into confusion), Cic.
scopulosus. a, tun. adj. Full of rocks, rocky, craggy.
scSpulus, i. m. [ctkoVjAoi.] 1. A rock, a cliff, a crag, a ledge or project
ing point of rock. 2. (Metaph.) A difficulty, a danger.
Scorpio, onis. m., and §scorpius or os, i. m. 1. A scorpion. 2. A kind
of prickly sea fish. 3. A military engine for hurling missile*.
scortator, oris. m. A whoremonger.
scorteus, a, tun. adj. Made of leather, leathern ; /. as most, a leather
jerkin.
soortor, axis. v. dtp. To go after harlots.
scortum. L n. A harlot
tscreatus, us. as. A hawking, a clearing of the throat
scriba, as. m. A public clerk, a scribe, a notary, an official secretary.
ttsoribllta, se./ A kind of tart.
 SCR—SCU 481
Krfbo, ii, pai, ptnm. r. a. 1. To write (in any way and in any sense).
2. To write a letter, to write word, to communicate by writing. 3. To
compose (any kind of work). 4. To write an account of, to describe, to
depict. 5. To draw. 6. To inscribe, tn engrave. 7. To draw
lip, to frame (any leual instrument, a decree, a resolution, a bill of indict
ment, etc.): scribitur Herailio dica, an action is brought against Heraclius,
Cic 8. To write one's name as a witness, to sign as a witness, to wit
ness: ad scribendum amicitise fcedus adduci, to be induced to sign a treaty
of alliance, Liv. 9. To enlist, to enroll ( because the names of persons
enlisted were written in a roll): scri itur gregis hunc, set him down as one
of your train, Hor. ; ilium hcredem scripsernt, he had set him down in his
will as his heir, Cic: scribe decern a Nerio, sign ten notes of hand drawn
op by the usurer Nerius (i. e. borrow oi Nerius on ten notes of band),
Hor.
scrinium. in. A writing desk, a portfolio, an escritoir.
scriptio. onis. f. 1. The act of writing. 2. Composing in writing,
written composition : non ex scriptione quas in litteris est interpretari, not to
interpret them according to the literal form in which they are diawn up
(according to the letter), Cic.
scriptlto, as. v. a. i. To write often. 2. To write, to compose.
scriptor, oris. m. 1. (Rare) A writer, scribe, secretary. 2. A writer
(of any kind of work ), an author, a composer: tuanim rerum scriptores,
men who write home accounts of your exploits, Cic. 3. A drawer up, a
franv-r (of a law).
scriptum, i n. 1. (Rare) A line: duodecim scriptis ludere, to play at a
kind of draughts on a tab'e marked with twelve lines, Cic. 2. Any
kind of writing, any written composition, n book, a work : oratio qua? ....
dicta de scripto est, a speech which was spoken from a written copy, Cic
3. A written ordinance, a formally drawn up law.
scriptura, m.f. 1. Writing : mend um s< ripturas, a slip of the pen, Cic
2. Composing in writing, written composition. 3. A writing, i. e. a
written work. 4. J A written law. 6. A tax paid on public pas
tures.
scriptus, a, um. part. pats. fr. scribo, q. v.
scribis. is. m.f. 1. A ditch. 2. J A grave.
scrupeus, a, um. adj. Full of sharp stones, stony, pebbly.
Stjscrftpdsus. wlj. 1. Pebbly, stony. 2. Rough, difficult
scrupuJosus, a, um. adj. I. Full of sharp stones, pebbly, stony. 2.
{Exact, precise.
scrupulus. i. m. A scruple, a doubt, a difficulty.
scruta, orum. /)/. n. Old clothes.
scrutor, aria, r. dep. 1 . To search carefully, to search into, to examine,
to investigate. 2. To look for, to seek to discover.
sculpo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. To carve, engrave, chisel out, to make, form or
fashion as a sculptor, to sculpture.
sculptilis, e. adj. Carved, engraved, sculptured.
{sculptor, oris. m. A sculptor, carver, engraver.
scnrra, 83. m. 1. A buffoon, a jester. 2. JA dandy.
scurrilis. e. adj. Like a buffoon, jeering, scurrilous.
Jscurrllltas, atis. f. Conduct or language like that of a buffoon, scurrility.
tcnrror, aria. r. drp. To play the buffoon.
scfitale, e». f. [o-KurdAn.] The thnnii of a sling.
ttscntarius, i m. A shieldmaker, an armourer.
scfitatus, a, um. Armed with a shield.—See scutum.
tcutella, m.f. A salver or waiter (of square or oblong shape).
scStlca, m.f. A whip (of a slight kind).
Jsciitula. as. / 1. A little dish. 2. A diamond-shaped figure.
tscntulatas, a, um. adj. Checkered, marked with diamond-shaped figures.
scutum, i, and dim. scutulum, in. A large obloug shield, made of wood
aud crossed with leather.
II
482 SCT — SEC
ScyOa,*./ 1. A whirlpool bctmi Italy and Sicily. lAdii^a
of Pa ircyu, eriaariirnwi into e n a>neater by Cine. 3. A daughter of
None, who, oat of lore f.* Mies*, cat off her father's hair, on which hit life
depended, and was tracifxraed into the bird called ciria.
-t-JacymmoB, i. at. [ncvyuvs.] A cab, a whelp.
scyphua. L m. A cap, a geb'et.
•cyroa. i. /. Am island near Eubcea, where AchiUet waa concealed by Do-
dam j, daughter of Lyeomedes. who became the mother of Neoptolemus:
St nil pabea, the troops led by Neoptolemus, Tirg.; Scyrias paella, the
S vrian damsel, i. e. Deidamie, Ov.
seyutla se./. 1. A wooden roller or cylinder. 2. A eecret despatch
among the Laceez-ion'ans (writien on a ilip of paper wrapped round a
wooden cylindrical staff).
Sefthlcus, a, urn. adj. Of Seythia, of the Scythians : Scythicus amnis, the
river Taneis or Dob.

t:*»nm. i. a. Saet. tallow.

ajtarle. is, eaaai, 1 1 —mil «, a. 1. To go away, to withdraw, to retire, to
separate from. 2. To secede from, to revolt. 3. §To be distant (c
ab and abl.).
aieerno. is, erevi, erutaje, ». a. (c abend abL, or §c abL). 1. To sepa
rate, to sasder, to sever, to divide. 2. To set apart, to distinguish (one
thing from another). 3. To set aside, to reject
aecessio, onia. /. 1. A going on one side, a withdrawal. 2. A se
cession, a revolt, a schism.
secessas. us. at. 1. JA withdrawal, departnre. 2. A place to which
to withdraw, a retreat, a retired place, a recess. 3. Retirement.
aaerar—See news,
secludo, is. si, sum. r. a. 1. To shut up in a separate place, to shot op
apart, to shut off, to seclude. 2. To separate : tecludite cans, dis
miss your anxiety, Virg.
seclusus, a, am. part, of prec. ; also at adj. Secluded, retired (of a place).
seco, as, ui. ctum. r. a. 1. To cut, to cut down, cut up, cut the rough (lit
and metaph. as a ship cuts the sea, or aa one cuts, i. e. travels a path, etc).
2. To amputate, to remove with a knife. 3. To carve, to work upon with
a chisel, etc 4. To scratch, to tear, to lacerate, to wound. 5. To di
vide, to separate. ' 6. §To cut ap, i. e. satirise : quo multe maina*l»e
secanuir judice lites, by whom, as the judge, many grave quarrels are ter
minated, Hor.; quam quisque secat spero, whatever hope each man carves
out for himself, Virg.
secretin, onis./ A dividing, a separation.
secreto. adr. In secret, secretly.
secretus, a, run. part. it. secemo; used as adj. 1, Separate. -. Out
of the way, retired, remote, lonely. 3. Secret, concealed, kept to one
self: secretiora Germania?, the more remote parts of Germany, Tac *.
t§Deprived of (c. abl.): videres stridere secrete divisos aure susarros, you
might see separate whispers sounding in the private ear of the listener,
Hor. ; tu secrete pyram .... erige, do you, acting secretly, construct a
funeral pile, Virg. n. as suhst. 1. A secret place, a secret abode,
retirement 2, A secret, a mystery.
secta, SB. f. 1. A beaten path, i. e. an established manner, habit, or
course of conduct 2. A sect, a school (of philosophy, etc).
sectator, oris. m. 1. A follower, (in pi.) a train, a retinue, a body tf
attendants. 2. An adherent.
sectllis, e. adj. 1. Cut, carved. 2. That may be easily cut
sectio, onis. /. 1. ^Cutting. 2. A dividing or distributing of con
fiscated property. 3. A share of such property.
sector, oris, n. 1, A cutter, one who cuts: sector coUorttm, a cutthroat,
Cic. 2. A bidder for, or purchaser of confiscated property : sector**
coUorum et bonorum, cutthroats and cutpurges, Cic
 SEC 483
letter, aria, r. dep. 1. To follow continually or eagerly, to attend upon,
to escort, to accompany. 2. To follow, to pursue, to run after, to chase,
to hunt. 3. To pursue (as an object), to aim at, to try to obtain, to
seek for. 5. §To pursue (in order to punish), to chastise: mitte sectari
rooa quo locorum sera moretur, give up looking for a place in which some
late blown rose may still linger, 1 1 or.
seetttra, SB. f. A cutting, a digging : ajrarioe secturae, copper mines, Cass.
Metal, a, tun. part. pass. fr. seco, q. v.
•ecabitns, us. m. A lying apart, a sleeping alone.
tecubo. as, ui, itam. v.n. 1. To lie alone. 2. §To lire in solitude.
seeum.—See sui.
secundani, dram. pi. m. Soldiers of the second legion.
seeandarius, a, am. adj. Of second-rate importance, secondary.
secunde. adv. Prosperously, successfully, fortunately.
tecondo, as. v. a. 1. To make prosperous, to give a prosperous issue to.
2. To render favourable. 3. To favour, to second : vento secundaute,
the wind being fair, Tac.
sieondo. adv. Secondly, in the second place.
sfarndirm. adv. and prep. (c. ace). 1. (adv.) tAfter, behind. 2.
Secondly, in the second place, for the second time. 3. ( prep.) Behind,
after (of place). 4. By, along (marching along a coast, etc.). 5.
After, (of time) immediately after. 6. During. 7. Next to (ia point
of order or rank), next below. 8. According to, in accordance with.
9. For, i. e. to the advantage of, in favour of.
secundum, a, am. wlj. [sequor.] 1. Following next (in time, place, or
order), next, second (c dat. or sometimes c. ab and abl.) : a mensis fine
secunda dies, the last day but one of the month, Ov. ; mensa secunda, or
mens* secunda?, the dessert, Cic, Virg.; dignus quern secundum a Romuio
conditorem urbis Romans ferrent, worthy that men should look upon him
as the second founder of Rome next to Romulus, Liv. 2. Secondary,
second rate, subordinate : hand ulli veterum virtute secundum, second, i. e.
inferior to none of the ancients in valour, Virg. 3. Favourable, favour-
in?, propitious, fair (of the wind, etc.), fortunate (of events) : secundo flu-
mine, downstream, Cass.; rate in secundam aquam labente, the raft floating
with the stream, Lir.; enrruque volans dat lora secunda, and flying along
he urges on his rapid chariot, Virg.; secundse res, prosperity, Hor.; audi-
entes secunda ire verba, hearing words calculated to increase their anger,
Liv.
Saeeurifer, era, erum, and §sScuriger, era, exam, adj. Armed with a
battle-axe.
iecuril, L/. 1. An aze, a hatchet. 2. A battle-axe. 3. An exe
cutioner's axe: quara potuerunt graviorem reipublicaa infligere securim?
what more fatal deathblow could they deal to the state ? Cic. 4. (In
the fasces of the consul, etc, an axe was bound up ; therefore) Authority,
power : Gallia securibus subjecta, Gaul brought under the power of Rome,
Cars.; nee sumit aut ponit secures, nor does it obtain or lay down its au
thority, Hor.
securltaa, atis. / 1. Freedom from care, unconcern. 2. JCareless-
nesa, negligence. 3. ^Security, safety,
lecurtti, a, tun. adj. 1. Free from care, not anxious, unconcerned, indif
ferent, easy in one's mind, untroubled, fearless: sub pedibus timor est, bc-
coraqae summa malorum, fear is trampled under foot, and the ultimate issue
is free from all apprehension of evil, Ov. 2. §Tliat delivers from care.
3. ^Careless, reckless : castrensis jnrisdictio tecum, the decisions of camps
being come to in an easy, offhand way, Tac 4. Free from danger,
secure, safe (sometimes c gen. of that from which).
(ecai, compar. secios (no superl.). adv. 1. (Poi.) Otherwise, differently.
2. Otherwise than one could wish (i.e. unfortunately, unfavourably, badly,
ill), (to turn out, etc) : recte secusne, whether ri6.it or the contrary (i.e.
whether right or wrong), Cic; ne quid fiat secus quani volumus, that no
II 2
484 8EC—SED
thing may be done contrary to our wishes, Cic 3. (With a my., i. t
non or hand secus) In the same degree, similarly, equally : urn secus ac
si meus esset frater, just as though he were my brother, Cic; inatat non
secus, he presses on with equal fury, Virg. ; nihilo secus Caesar ut ante con
stituent jussit .... nevertheless Caesar, as he had settled to do before, gave
orders Cass.
•ecfitor, oris. m. 1. A follower. 2. A kind of gladiator who fought
with the retiariua, pursuing him.
sed. couj. 1. But (in any sense or usage). 2. (After a vg.) But on the
contrary. 3. (After non modo) But even, but also.
sedate, adv. Calmly, quietly, sedately.
sedatio, onis../'. A calming, appeasing, tranquillising.
seda tus, a. urn. part. past. fr. sedo, q. v. ; also as adj. c. compar. etc. Com
posed, quiet, moderate, gentle (of tone, etc), calm, quiet : sedato gradu, at
a steady pace, Liv ; oderunt .... sedatum celeres, hasty people dislike s
phlegmatic one, Her.
aedecim. indecl. Sixteen.
sedecula, se.f. A low stool, a low seat.
sedco. es, sedi. sessura. v.n. 1. To sit, to sit down. 2. (Of judges,
etc.) To sit in court, to sit as judges. 3. To sit still, to linger, to tarn-.
4. To sit inactive, to do nothing, to be idle. 5. To sit down as a besieger,
to remain in a station or encampment. 6. To sink down, to settle down,
to subside, to penetrate deep (of a wound or a weapon) : esca que simplex
olim tibi sederit, a food which in a simple state formerly agreed with you. Ho,
7. To settle down firmly (i. e. to be fixed, fastened down, steady, im
movable): idque pio sedet /linea.', and that is the resolution of the pioai
/Ene.is, Virg.
sedes, is../'. 1, A seat, a chair, a place in which to sit: non si prion
Miconius tenet sedes Homerus, it does not follow because Maeonian Homer
occupies the first seat (the first rank ), Hor. 2. An abode, a dwelling,
a place belonging to a person or thing, a home : sedes seclerata, the abode
of the wicked in the shades below, Or. ; Deus nae fortaase . . . redrjeet is
sedem, Ood will perhaps restore these things to their former condition, Hot.;
M. Furiua patriam pulsam sede sua restituisse, that Camillus has restored
his country, when beaten down from its proper rank, to its usual place, Liv.;
dum solidis etiamnura sedibus astas, and while you still stand on fins
ground, Ov. ; Roma convulsa sedibus suis visa est, Rome seemed convulsed
and shaken from its very foundations, Cic; totum [mare] a sedibus irois
una Euru<que Notusque ruunt, the East and the South wind unite and tar
up the whole sea from its lowest depths, Virg.
sedile, is. n. A seat, a bench, a chair.
sedltio. onii. /. 1. Dissension, civil discord. 2. Sedition, mutiny.
3. Quarrel, animosity, illwill.
seditiose. adv. Seditiously.
sedltiosus, a, urn. adj. Quarrelsome, factious. 2. Seditions, mutinous.
rebellious.
sedo, as. r. a. 1. To calm, allay, assuage, quiet, tranquillise. !■ To
quench, extinguish, put an end to (hunger, pain, illwill, etc) : tsotus con
fremitu risus dicitur ortus ut vixa magistiaiibus majoribusque cats
juventus sedaretur, such laughter and such murmurs are said to have arises,
that the younger men could hardly be quieted by the magistrates sod
elders of the tribe, Liv.; sedatis fiuctibus, the waves having subsided, C»
seduco, is, zi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead aside or apart, to lead int. »
withdraw, to remove out of the way: ubi non liceat vacuos seducere ocrl;os,
where it is not possible to turn away your eyes which have nothing else to
do, Prop. 2. §To put asunder, to separate, to divide.
seductio, onis./. A leading aside.
seductus, a, nm. part. pan. fr. seduco; also as adj. 1. § Distant, remote.
2. ^Retired, living in retirement.
sedulltas, atis./ Assiduity, earnestness, diligence. 2. gOfficiousws*
 SED—SEM 485
sedfilo. adv. Busily, assiduously, diligently, sedulously, carefully: sedulo
temptis terens, spinning out the time on purpose, Liv.
sedulus, a, urn. adj. 1. Sedulous, assiduous, diligent, busy, hardworking,
zealous : sedulus spectator, a spectator who takes an interest in the play,
H'ir. 2. §Orer-attention, officious, obtrusive.
leges, etis. f. 1. A cornfield. 2. The standing corn, the crop of com
(metaph. a crop of anything, even of men springing out of the ground,
Ov): quid odisset Clodium Milo segetem sine gloria;? why should Milo
have hated Clodius, the field from which he reaped his glory? Cic.
^segmentates, a, tun. adj. Ornamented with trimmings, with flounces,
etc.
tegmentum, i. n. 1. J What is cut off, a strip, a slice. 2. (§In pi.).
Trimmings of woman's dress, flounces.
£§segnipes, edis. adj. m.f. Slow-footed.
segnis, e. adj. 1. Slow, lazy, slothful, sluggish, indolent, inactive, indif
ferent (sometimes c. ad and ace, §c. infin., Jc. gen.). 2. Lingering.
3. Unfruitful, barren.
segnlter. adv. Slowly, lazily, sluggishly: nihilo segnius, with undiminished
or unSagging zeal, Liv., Sail.
segnltia, as, and -ties, ei. /. Slowness, laziness, inactivity, indolence,
remissness, indifference.
segrego, as. c. a. 1 . To set apart, to separate, to remove : ut segregaret
puguam eorum, that he might separate them from one another in fighting,
Liv.
segregates, a, tun. adj. Separated, disjoined.
sejuges, am. pi. m. A chariot with six horses.
sejunctim adv. Separately.
sejunctio. onis. f. Separation, disjunction.
sejungo, is, nri, nctum. v. a. To disjoin, to separate.
seiectio, onis. f. A choosing, a choice, a selection.
selectns, a, una. part, pass, of selego (q. v.). Judices selecti, the judges in
criminal trials, selected by the preetor, Cic.
sellbra. a. /. Half-a-pound.
sellgo. is, legi, tectum, v. a. To pick out, select, choose out, to call.
sella, se. f. 1. A sent, a chair, a stool. 2. A sedan-chair.
tsellariSlns, a, urn. adj. Of or for sitting.
\ sellarius, i. m. A debauchee.
Jsellisternium, i. n. A religious banquet in honour of a female deity (be
cause the women sat upon srllce, while the men reclined on lecti), Tac
:sellula, S3 / A sedan chair.
sellularius, i. m. A mechanic
semel. adv. 1. Once, a single time. 2. Only once, but a single time,
once for all. 3. At once. 4. (In order of succession, followed by
iterum, tertio, etc.) The first time. 5. Once, at any time, ever : semel
atque iterum, semel et sspius, over and over again, repeatedly, Cic.
semen, Inis. n. 1. What is sown, seed. 2. Anything from which a
plant may grow, a cutting, a layer. 3. §(Metaph.) The seed or element
of anything, that from which anything arises. 4, A stock, a race. 5.
§ Progeny, otfsprng, posterity. 6. A cause, an origin (of things and of
persons).
i'sementlfer, era, erum. adj. Seed-bearing.
sementis, is./ 1. Sowing. 2. §What is sown, the crop. 3. JSeed-
time.
sementivus, a, um. adj. Of or belonging to sowing, or to seed-time.
semestris, e. wlj. Half-yearly, lasting six months,
temesus, a, um. adj. Half eaten.
semet.— See sui.
jsemiadapertus, a, um. adj. Half-opened, half-open.
semia-iimis, e, and semlanimus, a, um. adj. Half-alive, half-dead.
seaua oertus, a, um. adj. Half-opened, half-open.
II 3
486 SEM
gsemlboa, bovis. adj. m. Half an ox (of the Miaotasr).
semlcaper, ph. m. Haifa goat (of Pan, the Satyrs, etc).
+semicinctinm, La. A half apron, a narrow apron.
aemicrematui. a. nm, and semicremua, a, OB. adj. Half-burnt
semlcubltalu, e. adj. Half a cubit long.
semidens, i. ul ; and / -dea, SB. A demigod, a demigoddess ; (as aaaf.)
semideuro genua, the race of demigods, Ov.
semldoetus, a, nm. adj. Half-learned.
semiermis. e, and semiermua, a, run. adj. Half-armed, badly armed.
semlfer, era, erum. adj. 1. Half beast (and half man). 2. Half-
savage ; m. as sul>$L, a centaur.
Jsemifultus, a, nm. adj. Half propped up.
semlgermanus, a, am. adj. Half German,
semigravis. e. adj. Half-drunk.
•amlhomo, Inia. m. I. Half a man (of a centaur). 2. Half saxagc.
semlhora, as./ Half an hour.,
semllacer, era, erum. adj. Half- torn, half mangled,
aemilautus. a, nm. adj. Half-washed.
semiliber. era, erum. adj. Half-free.
semllixa, a?, m. Half a rattler, little better than a nrttlec
fjisemlmarlnas, a, nm. adj. Half in the sea.
aemlmaa. aria. adj. m./. 1. Half-masculine, half-male. 2. Castrated.
semlmortuus, a, urn. adj. Half-dead,
seminarium. r. n. A nursery-garden, a nursery, a seed-plot,
seminator, oris. in. An originator, producer, author.
seminecis. adj. m. f.t not found in wow. sing. Half-dead,
tseminiom, it. A race, a stock, a breed.
semino. as. v. a. 1. To sow. 2. To bring forth, to produce.
seniinudus, a, nm. adj. Half-naked.
Jsemlpaganus, i. m. Half a down,
semlplenoa, a, nm. adj. Half-full.
gsemlputatus, a, nm. adj. Half-pruned.
§semlrasus, a, am. adj. Half-shaved, half-scraped.
§semlreducttti, a, am. adj. Half bent back, half retiring from notice.
§semlrefectaa, a, am. adj. But half repaired,
semlratus, a, am. adj. Half pulled down, half-demolished, half-destroyed,
half ruined,
semis, inia. 1 . A half (esp. half an as): non sem issis homo, a man not worts
half an ass, i. e. good far nothing, worthless, Cic 2. (In ;>(.) Oae half
per cent, per month (as interest), six per cent, a year. 3. Half aa acre.
§semlsepultu8, a, am. adj. Half-buried,
semlsomnas, a, urn. adj. Half-asleep, sleepy, drowsy.
semisupinus. a, nm. adj. Half on one's back, lying on one's side.
semlta, so./ A path, a foot-path, a narrow way, a byeway, a secret path,
a road (lit. and metaph.).
Jsemltactns, a, am. adj. Half-touched.
§8emltarius, a, am. utlj. Found in byeways.
semiustulatus and semiustus, a, am. adj. Half-burnt, scorched, tinged.
sernivir. iri. m. and adj. m. 1. Half a man (of a centaur, minotau, her-
maphrodite, etc). 2. ^Castrated. 3. An effeminate person. t-
(As adj.) Effeminate,
aemivivus, a, am. adj. Half alive, i. e. half dead, almost dead : semivitc
mercenariorum voces, the expiring or faint voices of hirelings, Cic.
semo. onia. at. Presiding over the crops, as an epith. of the deity SancM-
*semodius, i. m. A half-peck.
sSmotus, a, am. pari. pass. fr. semoveo ; also as adj. 1. Remote, distant
2. Distinct, different (c. ab and abl., or §c. abl.).
iSmoveo. es, movi, motom. v. a. To remove to one side, to put aside, tt
remove, to separate,
semper, adv. 1. At all times, always, ever. 2. For ever.
 SEM—SEN 487
sempiteniTis, a, no. adj. Lasting for ever, eternal everlasting, immortal,
eemuncia, a;./. 1. Half an ounce, the 24th part of a pound, or of an as.
2. Trie 24th part of anything. 3. JA small part, a trifling sum.
semiunciarius, a, um. adj. Amounting to half an ounce : semiunciarium
fenus, interest at the rate of 1-24 th per month, a half per cent, a year, Liv.
senarius, i. m., dim. senariolus. i. m. A base of six feet,
senator, oris. m. A senator, a member of the senate,
senatoriiis, a, um. adj. 1 . Of a senator, senatorial. 2. Of the eenate,
delivered in the senate (as a speech, etc.).
senatus, us, and (rare) i. m. The senate, the chief council at Rome : in se-
natum pervenire, to arrive at the dignity of a senator, Cic. ; senatus lis datus,
a senate was convened to give them audience, Liv.
senatusconsultum, i. n. An act, resolution, or decree of the senate,
senecta. ae, and senectus, utis./. 1. Old age (of living things and §of
other things). 2. +The slough or old skin cast off by serpents, &c.
fseneo, es. v.n. To be old, to be feeble,
senesco, is, ui, no sup. v.n. 1. To grow old, to be old. 2. To grow
weak, to become weaker, to fall off, to wane, to decline. 3. To pine
away, waste away, to wear out : deinde senescit pngna, at last the battle
begins to languish, Liv.; hiems senescens, the winter as it draws to its
elose, Cic
aenex, is. m. f. adj. (joined also with one or two neut. substs. ; e. g. a?vum,
corpus, etc., but not found in neut. pi. nom. or ace., nor in neut. sing. nom.
of the compar.) ; compar. senior, no sup. Old, aged (compar. often in
pot. sense); m. pos. and compar. as subst., an old man; and (very rare)
§/, an old woman. •
seni. 83, a. adj. pi. Six apiece, six : senideni, sixteen; bis scni anni, twelve
years, Or. ; pedibus quid claudere senis, to complete any sentence in a verse
of six feet, in an hexameter verse, Hor.
senilis, e. adj. Of or belonging to an old man, or to old age, aged,
^aenio, onis. m. The number Bix, a six on the dice.
senium, L a. 1. Old age. 2. (Esp.) The feebleness of old age, de
crepitude. 3. +An old man, (contemptuously) an old bore. 4. Mo-
laix'h ly, moroseness, peevishness (such as is seen in old people).
+§seasifer, era, erum. adj. Producing sensation.
■f-jSaensUis, e. adj. Endowed with sensation, sensible,
sensim. adv. Gradually, by slow degrees.
lensus, us. m. 1. Sensation, perception, sense. 2. Feeling, sentiment,
judgment, disposition, inclination. 3. (Rare) Sense, understanding.
4. Sense, i. e. meaning (of a word), signification : communes sensus, ordi
nary topics, Tae.
sententia, as. f. 1. A way of thinking, an opinion. 8. An intention,
a purpose, a design, a determination. 3. An opinion or decision (en
judicial or political matters), a vote: hunc omnibus sententiis condemnare,
to condemn this man unanimously, Cic; perspiciebant in Hortensii sen-
tentiam multis partibus plures ituros, they saw plainly that far the greater
number would vote for the opinion of Hortensius, Cic 4. Sense, mean
ing, intention (of an expression) : cujus pracepti tanta vis, tanta sententia
est, which precept has so much force, and such depth of meaning, Cic.
5. A sentence, a period. 6. A maxim, an aphorism : ex or de sen
tentia, according to the wish of; cum ei prajscriptum esset ne quid
sine Sexti sententia ageret, as an injunction had been laid upon him to
do nothing contrary to the wish of SextUB, Cic; ex aniini sententia, in
earnest, seriously; ex mei animi sententia ut ego rempublicam P. R. noa
deseram, I swear deliberately (or on my conscience) that I will not
desert the republic of the Roman people, Lir.
sententiola, w.f. A short sentence, a little maxim,
sententiose. adv. Sententiously.
sententidsus, a, um. adj. Pithy, sententious, full of meaning,
sexttlna, as./. 1. The lowest part of the hold of a ship. 2. Bilge-
124
 488 SEN — SEP
water: conflictati lentina vitiis, worn out by the distress of the leak (the
water entering through a leak), Caes. 3. (Metaph.) The dreg* of the
people, the rabble.
sentio, Is, si, sum. v. a. 1. To discern by the senses, to be sensible of,
to feel, hear, see, etc 2. To discern by the mind, to perceive, to ob
serve, to become aware of. 3. To feel, to experience, to find. 4. To
think, deem, judge, suppose, to have (such and such) an opinion, sentiments :
qui mihi leni&siine senlire visi sunt, who appeared to me to lean most to the
sdie of lenity, Cic; sensa mentis explicare, to explain one's sentiments, Cic.
Mntis, is. m. ; usu in pi. A thornbush, a briar, a bramble.
t§sentisco, is, no perf. To perceive, to observe.
jsentus, a, um. adj. Bristling.
leorsum and fseorsas. adv. 1. Asunder, separately, apart. 2. § At a
distance. 3. ^Differently.
sSparabllis, e. adj. That can be separated, separable.
separate and separatim. adv. Separately, apart, asunder.
separatio, onis. / A separation, a severing.
separatus, a, um. pari. pats. fr. seq. ; also as adj. 1. Separate, distinct.
. 2. §Remote, distant, retired.
sep&ro, as. v. a. To separate, to sever, to disjoin, to part, to divide.
sepelio, Is, Ivi, sispultum. v. a. 1. To bury, (lit. and metaph.) to inter.
2. To put an end to, to terminate, to destroy.
sepes, is. f. A hedge, a fence: portarum sepes, the doors, Or.
sepia, as. / [irnin'a.] 1. The cuttlefish. 2. Jink.
sepiraentum, i, n. A hedge, fence, enclosure.
sepio, is, sepsi, septum, v. o. 1. To surround with a hedge, to hedge or
fence in, to enclose, to surround. 2. To hedge in so as to protect, to
guard, to defend: sepsit se tectis, he shut himself up in his palace, Vinr.;
inveuta . . . rnemoria sepire, to lay up in his memory what he has found
to say, Cic; postquara omnia pudore septa animadverter.it, when he found
every way barred by her modesty, Liv.
lepdno, is posui, positum, v. a. 1. To put aside, to set apart, to put by.
2. To pick out, to select. 3. To lay up, to store up, to hoard, to reserve.
4. To lay aside, to discard. 5. To separate, to distinguish. 6. iio
banish : Augustus . . . seposuit jEgyptum, Augustus made a difference
between Egypt and the rest of the empire, Tac; interesse pugna: impers-
torem an seponi melius foret dubitavere, they doubted whether it would he
better for the emperor to mix in the battle or to keep at a distance, Tac
sepSsitus, a, um. pari. past. fr. prec ; also as adj. 1. Remote, retired.
2. Select, choice.
septem. imlrcl. 1. Seven. 2. Esp. the seven wise men of Greece.
September, bris. m. September, (as adj.) of September.
§septemfluus, a, um. adj. Flowing through seven mouths (the Nile).
§septem.gemlnus, a, um. adj. Sevenfold, with seven mouths (the Nile).
jjseptemplex, Icis. adj. Sevenfold, made of seven layers (a shield), having
seven mouths (the Nile and Danube).
septemviralis, e. Belonging to the septemviri, (m. pi. as subs!.) the sep-
trmviri.
septemviratus, us. m. The office of one of the septemviri.
septemviri, orum. pi. m. A board of seven commissioner.*, for dividing
lands, or for other purposes.
septenarins, a, um. adj Consisting of seven, (m. as subst.) a bench of
seven feet.
septendecim. faded. Seventeen.
septeni, a?, a. adj. pi. 1 . Seven apiece. 2. Seven.
aeptentriones, um. pi. m.; rare in sing, (sometimes in tmesi). 1. The
seven stars near the North Pole called Charles's Wain, or the Bear:
^\ Minor Septentrio, the Lesser Bear. 2. (Often in ring, in this sense)
The north. 3. (Sometimes in imp.) The north wind,
nticiana libra. A Septician pound, which in the second Punic war was
 SEP—-SEE 489
reduced from twelve to eight and a half ounce* ; to called from septum 3.,
q. ».
•epties. adv. Seven times.
tseptimam, orum. pL m. Soldiers of the seventh legion.
Septimus, a, um. adj. Seventh ; n. as adv., fur the seventh time.
septingentesimus. a, am. Seven hundredth.
leptiagenti, 89, a. adj. pi. Seven hundred.
septuageslmua, a, urn. adj. Seventieth.
leptuagiuta. indrel. Seventy.
septum, i. n. 1. An enclosure, a hedge, a fence, a barrier : septa ciomo-
rum, the walls of houses, Lucr. 2. §A sheepfold. 3. {id) The en
closure in the Campus Marti us, where the Roman people assembled for
voting. 3£ (pi.) The shops near this enclosure.
septunx, cis. m. 1. Seven ounces. 2. Seven-twelfths of anything.
3. +Seven cups of wine.
septus, a, um. part. pass. fr. sepio, q. v.
csepulcralii. e. udj. Sepulchral, funeral, belonging to a tomb.
gttpuleretum, in. A cemetery.
Sep il orum, i. n. A tomb, a grave, a sepulchre, a burial-place; sepulcra
legens, while rending the inscriptions on the graves, Cic.
sepal tura, ae./ A burial, sepulture, funeral obsequies, interment.
sepultoa, a, um. part, pass^ fr. sepelio, q.v.: snmno vinoque sepulto, sunk in
drunken slumber. Virg. ; paulutn sepulto? distat inertias celata virtus, un
recorded virtue differs but little from (is no belter off than) (equally) for
gotten sloth, Hor.
sequix, icU. adj. 1. Pursuing, following, seeking, hunting for. 2.
Penetrating (as smoke, etc.). 3. ^Clinging (as ivy). 4. ^Ductile :
nammae sequaces, rapidly spreading Haines, Virg. ; Malettque Kcquacibus
undis, and in the waves of Malea (Cape St. Angelo) which pursue (i. e.
distress) vessels, Virg.
sequester, tris. m. 1. An agent, a go-between (esp. to bribe electors, etc.).
2. 'A trustee. 3. it A mediator.
sequestra, as. f. A mediatress : pace sequestra, under the protection of the
truce, Virg.
siquor, Sria, secutus sum. v. dtp. 1. To follow (in any way or sense),
to come after, to pursue, to chase, to follow as a consequence, to ensue as
a result, to come next in order, to succeed. 2. To fall to the lot of (as
an inheritance, etc. does). 3. To follow as an object, to aim at, to seek,
to go towards, to seek. 4. To follow the injunctions or example of, to
comply with, to i nitate, to conform to: damnatum poeuam sequi oportebat,
if he were condemned the punishment must ensue to him . . . Cats. ;
[ramus] ipse voleus facilisque sequetur, it will cheerfully and easily yield
to your hand (come off), Virg. : summa sequar fastigia rerum, I will men
tion the chief events in their order, Virg ; patrem aeqiiuutur liberi, the
children follow the rank of their father (not of their mother), Liv.
•era. SB./. A bar to a door, a bolt.
serenltas, ati»./. 1. Fair weather. 2. Prosperity (of fortune).
Ssereno, as. v. a. 1. To make fine (the weather), to clear. 2. To clear
away (stinns): spem fronte serenat, she mikes a show of hope by wearing
a cheerful countenance, Virg.; luce serenaute, in clear daylight, Cic, poet.
Serenas, a. am. adj. 1. Serene, calm, clear, fine (of weather, etc.; metaph.
of the mind or countenance). 2. Cheerful, peaceful, happy. 3.
JBright, transparent ; n. as sulist., fine weather.
Seres, um. pi. m. The Chinese.
SUseresco, is, no perf. To grow dry.
teria. a. J"., and dim Jseriola, ae. A large jar.
Serlcus, a, um adj. 1. Chinese. 2. Silken ; §n. pi. as su'nt., silk
garments.
series, ei. /. A row, a series, a succession, an unbroken line. 2. § (Esp.) A
long line of ancestors, a high lineage.
490 SEE
aerio. owe. ficitoaaly. m earnest.
serins, ft, UM adj. Serious, grave, earnest (of things, not of persons) ; a. p'..
as mdat., serious mitten, grave business.
serine onis. a*. 1 . Conversation, discourse, talk. 2. (Can.) Literary con
versation. 3. The language of ordinary conversation ("pp. ta orstio, etc),
ordinary discourse : senno menu, men prose. Hoc.; Bionei sermones, the
conTersational satires of Bion, Hoc. 4. Common talk, i. e. nrmour, re
port : ne putet aliquid oratione nsei semonis in seae aot irrvidic esse one>
situro, that be may not think that I was wishing in my speech to bring op
«nv gossip against him, to excite odium against him, Cic S. Style,
mode of expression, diction, language.
sennoclnor. aria. e. dtp. To talk, ta converse, to diaroorse ,
sennusculus, L m. Common talk, gossip.
aero, is, semi, set turn- r. a. To join, to connect, to unite, to combine, to
arrange in order : multa inter sese vario sermone serebaat, they discussed
many things together in varied conversation, Vint.; none jam pspnbres
orationea serere, that he could bow put together speeches to win the tarsal
of the people, Liv.
■in, ii. ani, atom. r. a. 1. To sow, to plant 2. To beget, to be
the parent of (chiefly in part. pam. v. satos ). 3. To found, to establish,
to originate, to cause. 4. Ta scatter, to disseminate (the examples rives
under aero lend may perhaps belong to this meaning).
aero. seta. 1. Late,'at a late hour. 3. Too late.
serpens, entis. as. 1. A serpent, a snake. 2. The constellation »
called.
§serpentlgena, te. si. Bern of a serpent
aerperastra. 8B. f. A bandage to straighten the legs of croaked children,
used by Cicero for the officers who keep the soldiers in order.
aerpo, ia." no pert e.av. 1. To creep, to crawL 2. To spread (mure,
contagion, hsbit, rumour, etc.). 3. To move slowly, to gtide along (st s
quiet river): neque serpit srd volat in optimum statuni republics, f*
the commonwealth is not creeping slowly, but striding on towards gnat
prosperity, Cic
aerpyllnm, i. «. [cemAAoi'.] Wild thyme.
serra, at. /, and dim. serrula, ft./. A saw.
Jserritua, a, tun. adj. Serrated, notched on the edge.
certum. La. A garland of flowers, a wreath.
serum, i. «. Whey.
aenu, a, tub. adj. 1. Late. 2. At a late hour, at a late or dtstsp!
period (of doing anything). 3. Too late : sen nepotea, our descetiiisrits ia
a remote age, Or.; eerie venit usus ah amis, experience comes from natste
years, Ov.; sera ulmus, the slow- growing elm (i.e. which is late in arrivinr
at maturity 1, Virg.; Oh sen studiorum, Oh ye who have become learned hie
in life,—-a. as odt>. Late in tbedav, late at night «. aa ss*st A late
hour : serum erst diei, it was late in the day, Liv.
servabilis, e. a<ij. That may be preserved, saved, or rescued.
aervator. oris. m. ; /. -atrix, acis. A preserver, a saviour, a deliverer.
■ervilis, e. adj. Of or belonging to a slave, of slaves, servile, menial : eerriBi
terror, the dread of an insurrection of the slaves, Liv.
serviliter. orfe. In a servile manner, like a slave.
aervio. is, ivi. Item. r. n. 1. To be a slave, a servant, to serve as a sir*
(e, dat of the master). 2. To consult tlie pleasure or interest of, • be
of use or service to. 3. To comply with, be guided by, to be gsided is
one's conduct by a regard for (c. dat.): tibi ot sit . . . ronstamiae serriendsst
so that yon must have a regard to consistency, Cic. 4. (Of land" "
houses) To be liable to certain burdens.
aervitium, i. a. 1. Slavery, aervitude, service (lit and metaph., no **•*•
in this tense). 2. Subjection. 3. The whole body of staves is >
nation ( nag. and plar. in this sense).
servitude Inis./ Slavery, servitude.
 SER— SEX 491
serritus, fitis. / 1. Slavery, servitude. 2. Subjection. 3. §A
body of slaves.
servo, ai. e. a. L To save, to deliver, to keep unharmed, to preserve, to
maintain. 2. To lay up, store, hoard, preserve. 3. To observe, to
watch (esp. as soothsayers observe the stars, an omen, etc.), to pay careful
attention to. 4. To keep, to abide lastingly in, to cherish.
servulus, L hi.,/ servula, ee. A young servant or slave.
aemu, i. >n., / serva, as. A slave, a servant.
terras, a, tun. adj. L Of or belonging to a slave, slavish, servile. 2.
(Of lands or houses) Liable to certain burdens. t
sescennaris, e. adj. Six years old (but the meaning is very doubtful).
seselis, is./ Saxifrage, hartwort.
sesquialter, era, erum, gen. -alterius. adj. One-and-a-half.
sesqnlmodius, L m. A peck and a-h»lf.
sesquioctavus, a, am. adj. Containing nine-eighths.
sesquipedalis, e, and Jsesquipes, edis. adj. A foot and a-half in dimension:
sesquipedalia verba, words half-a yard long, i. e. bombastic, Hor.
sesquiplaga, 86./ A blow and a-half.
sesqnltertius, a, um. adj. Containing four-thirds.
sessllis, e. adj. 1. Fit for sitting on. 2. JLow, (of plants) dwarf.
sessio, onis./ L A sitting. 2. A sitting place, a seat. 3. A sit
ting, a session.
sesslto, as. v. a. To sit much, to sit long.
seisiuneula, se./ A little group of sitters.
sessor, oris. m. 1. A sitter (esp. in the theatre). 2. An inhabitant.
*sestertu>las, i. m. A little sesterce.
sestertius, i. m., %pl. sestertia (often as adj., sestertius mimmus). A ses
terce, a small silver coin equal to two asses and a half, the fourth part of a
denarius.—Sestertium, a sum of 1 000 sesterces, up to the time of Augustus
equal to about 87. 17s. Id. of our money, but afterwards to about a pound
less, was properly gen. pi. of sestertius, mille being understood; it was com
monly denoted in writing by the figures II. S. (standing for II., and S. for
semissie, i. e. two asses and a-half). When numeral adverbs in ies are
used in the mention of money, centena tniltia is understood, so that decies
U.S. means 100,000 sestertia, or 1,000,000 sestertii.—(See Smith, Diet.
Ami., in voc) : nuniino sestertio, for a mere trifle, Cic.
seta, as./ 1. A bristle, stiff, shaggy hair of an animal, §even of a man.
2. §A horse-hair fishing. line.
Betinus, a. um. a<j. Of Setia, a city in Latium, celebrated for fine wine.
§setlger, Sra, erum, and setosus, a, tun. adj. Bristly, covered with coarse
hair : setiger (as sulst.), a boar, Ov.
•en. — Sec aive.
severe, adv. Severely, strictly, rigidly, rigorously.
severitas, atia. / Sternness, strictness, severity, rigour, austerity, surly
virtue.
severus a, um. adj. 1. Strict, stern, rigorous, severe, austere. 2. Ot
rustic simplicity, unpolished. 3. Bough, (in taste) sharp. 4. Grave,
dignified. 5. §Cruel : severus amnJs Cocyti, the river Cocytus witness
of severe punishments, Virg.
aevdeo, as. v. a. To call aside, to call away, to call off, to withdraw : ne
quia postea populum sevocaret, that no one should for the future call a meet-
in; of the people outside the city, Li v.
Sex iad/el. Six.
isexagenarius, a, tun. adj. Sixty years old.
texageni, as, a. />£. adj. 1. Sixty apiece, sixty each. 2. Sixty.
sexageslmua, a, um. adj. Sixtieth.
sexagies. adv. Sixty times.
sexaginta. indtd. Sixty.
sexangulus, a, um. adj. Hexagonal.
sexcenarius, a, um. adj. Consisting of six hundred.
492 SEX— SIC
sexceni, ae, a. adj. Six hundred each, six hundred.
sexcentesimus, a, am. adj. Six hundiedth.
sexcenti, se, a. ;>/. «<//. 1. Six hundred. 2. Used, for any large number;
rexcenti avet Koiuani, hundreds and hundreds of Roman citizens, Cic
sexcenties. adv. Six hundred times.
lexennium. i. n. A period of six jean.
sexies. adv. Six times.
aexprimi, orum. pi m. A provincial board of magistrates, fix in number.
sextadecimani, orum. pi m. The soldiers of the sixteenth legion.
sextans, antis. m. 1. A sixth part of an at, either ai a pound or as a
sum. 2. A sixth part or share of anything.
sextarius, i. m. A sixth part of any measure or weight, esp. the sixth part
of n enngius, a pint.
•extilis. is. m. The month of August.
■extols, se. / The sixth part of an ounce, therefore the seventy-second part
of an as.
■extus, a, am, adj. Sixth ; («. ring, as adv.) for the sixth time ; (a. all as
a<lv.) six times ; sextus decimus, sixteenth.
sexua, us. m., and secus. n. inded. Sex.
ai. amj. 1. If (when followed by a verb in the indie., or in the pro. or
ptrf. tubj., indicating that the thing spoken of does or may exist; when
fallowed by the imptrf. or plusq. ptrf. ti,bj., that it does not exist — St*
Eton L. Or. 138.). 2. (After verbs of inquiring, etc.) If (i. e. whether):
si perrumprre possent conati, trying to see if (trying whether) they could
force their way through, C«s.
sltrilo, as r. a. 1. To hiss. 2. (As e. a.) To hiss at, to hiss down.
sibilus, i. m., pi. sibila, orum. a. 1. A hiss, a hissing. 2. §VTais-
tling (of wind), rustling (of leaves in the wind). 3. §A shrill sound (of
a flute, etc): n. pi. as adj. sibila colla, the hUsing throats (of serpents),
Virg.
Sibylla, as. f. A sibyl, a prophetess.
slbyllinns, a, am. adj. Of die sibyl (esp. of that sibyl who came to Tsr-
quinins Superbus, and whose books of oracles were deposited in the Capitol,
and consulted by the priests in time of danger).
lie and -fuicce. adv. 1. So, thus, in this manner. 2. (When followed
by at) In such a manner. 3. So much, to such a degree, to such aa
extent. 4. (In answers, or in discussion, sic has an affirmative sense)
Just so. 5. (In expressing a wish, a vow, etc) On this condition.
Sy. Et quidem hercle forma luculenta. Chr. Sic satis. Sy. And in truth
she is beautiful. Chr. Tolerably, Ter.
sica, as./. A dagger, a poniard, a stiletto.
8Icanus, a, am, and Slcanius, a, am. adj. 1. Of the Sicani, an ancient
tribe of Italy on the Tiber, who migrated to Sicily after the arrival of
jEnena. 2. (more usu.) Sicilian.
sicarioi, i. m. An assassin : inter sicarios accusare, to accuse of being as
assassin, Cic.
sicce. adv. [siccus.] On dry, i. e. solid ground, solidly, firmly.
siccine 1 nn interrog. form of sic, q. v.
•iccltas, atia. /. 1. Dryness. 2. Drought 3. (Of style, etc)
Jejuneness, want of ornament, mengreness.
sicco, as. r. a. 1. To dry, to dry up.) 2. To drain (and metsph. to
drink to the bottom, to drink up). 3. §To suck dry, to milk dry. <■
To parch (aa heat does). b. Modo tristia vulnera siccat, at another
time he cl< nnses his sad wounds, Ov. ; (so even) vulnera siccabat lyrophis, be
wiis cleansing his wounds with water, Virg.; virides (Arethusa) manu
siccata capillos, Arethusa drying her green hair (green as she was the
_ goddess of a fountain) wiih her hand, Ov.
siccus, a, tun. adj. I. Dry (in any way, or from any cause), drained dry,
wiped dry, tearless (of eyes which cannot be frightened or moved to pity,
or which have no cause for tears), dry with drought, parched with heal:
 SIC—SIG 493
qui siccis nculis monstra natantia -vidit, who gazed with undaunted eye on
the monsters of the deep, Hnr.; spectasset siccis vulttera nostra penis, he
would have beheld my wounds with unpitying eye, Ov,; sicca? carina-, ships
that are dry from having been in dock all the winter, Hor.; magna minor-
que ferre . . . ntra'que sicca, the Greater and Lesser Bear, each of which never
sets beneath the sea, i. e. is visible every night, Ov. 2. Firm, vigorous
(of limbs, etc., also of style). 3. s Dry, i. e. thirsty. 4. §Not drink
ing much, sober, abstemious : sicci mane, early in the morning, before we
have had anything to drink, Hor. 5. (Of style) Dry, meagre, insipid.
6. §Passionless, ignorant of love; n. as suiat., dry land, a dry place: in
sicco, on the shore, Virg.
sieubi. adv. [si ubi.] 1, If any where, wherever. 2. §Any where.
SlcuUus, a, tun. adj.; f. SIcelis, idis. Sicilian : Siculus tyranniis, Pnalaris,
Ov.; Siculus juvencus, the bull of Phalarls, Pen.; Siculus cantus, the song
of the Sirens who dwelt on or near the coast of Sicily, Juv.; Sicula fuga,
the flight of Sextus Pompey before Octavius after his defeat in a naval
battle on the Sicilian coast, Prop.; Sicula conjux, Proserpine who was
carried off by Pluto from Sicily, Juv.; Sicelides Music, Muses of pastoral
poetry (because Theocritus was a Sicilian), Virg.
sicunde. adv. If from anywhere, if from any quarter.
■teat, and slcuti. adv. 1. As, just as, so as, as indeed, as really. 2.
(Introducing a comparison) As it, were. 3. (Introducing an example)
As f< r instance. 4. As if, just as if (only in Sail.).
Slcy onius, a, ran. adj. Of Sicyon, a town in Peloponnesus near the isthmus :
Sieyonia bacca, the olive, Virg. ; n. pi. as suUt., Sicyonian shoes (a delicate
kind of slipper).
§sidereus, a, nm. adj. 1. Of the stars. 2. Full of stars, starry. 3.
gLike a star, shining, brilliant: sidereus Pedo, Pedo the astronomer, who
writes books about the stars, Ov.; sidereus conjux, her starbom husband
(Ceyx, as the son of Lucifer), Ov.; sidereus Deus, the sun, Mart.
aldo, is, sedi, no sup. r. n. 1. To settle down, to sink down, to alight,
(of a bird) to perch. 2. To settle, to subside, to sink. 3. To remain
in one place, to remain fixed, (of ships) to be fist aground.
SIdonius, a, nm. aitj. ; also /. Sidonis, idis. Of Sidon, a city on the eastern
shore of the Mediterranean : Sidonis, the Sidonian woman (Europa, Dido,
or Anna, Dido's sister), all in Ov.; Sidonis tellus, Phoenicia, Ov.; Sidonis
concha, purple, Ov.
sldus. iris. n. 1 . A constellation, a group of stars. 2. A star (lit. and
metaph.). 3. §The sky : exactis sideribus, the stars being driven away,
i. e. night being over. Prop.; (as different stars are visible in different
seasons and different countries, ) quo sidere terram vertere, at what season to
plough the land, Virg.; tot inhospita saxa sidenique ememse, having passed
so many inhospitable rocks and traversed so many regions, Virg.; triste
Minerva? sidus, the cruel tempest raised by Minerva, Virg.; (as the stars
were believed to influence the fate and health of men,) haud secus quam pes-
tifero sidere icti, jtut as if they had been stricken by some pestilential planet,
Liv.
siem, etc for sim.—Ste sum.
algilla, ornm. pi. n. 1. Little figures or images, often engraved on seals,
2 §A seal.
slgillatus, a, nm adj. Adorned or engraved with little figures.
*sigma, atis n. A semicircular touch like the ancient Oreek sigma, C.
signator, oris. m. A witness who signs his name in attestation.
signatus, a, urn. fart. pans, of signo. q. v. 1. Marked, branded, stamped.
2. bealed, signed. 3. §Shnt up, guarded carefully. 4. Marked down,
written down. 5. (Of money) Coined : quamvis omn s Inetitio oratio
est, t'nnen uniits orntons Incntio hoc proprio signata nomine est, although,
in fact, ever)* kind of speaking is oratio, yet the speaking of the orator
alone is distinguished by this peculiar title, Cic.
signifer, era, crum. adj. 1. JWith figures u. images painted or embossed.
494 &JG — SIL.
2. Full of constellations : signifer orbit, the zodiac, Cic —— m. n enbst.,
I . A standard-bearer. 2. A chief, a leader.
signlficanter. adv. Clearly, intelligibly, distinctly.
signlficatio. onis./ 1. A sign, the making a sign, 2. An intima
tion, an indication. 3. (Esp.) An indication or sign of assent, of appro
bation, etc. 4. Emphasis. 5. Meaning, signification : ex quibns
magna significatio fit non adeste constantiam, which are a great indica
tion that a power of lasting is wanting, Cic
significo, as. v. a. 1 . To show by signs, to indicate, to intimate, to no
tify, to signify (one's wishes, etc). 2. To betoken, to portend. 3.
To signify, i. e. to mean, (as a word) to have such and such a sense.
■igno, as. v. a. 1. To mark, to put a mark on, to imprint, to stamp, to
stain. 2. To mark out, to designate. 3. To teal : sunt ... signanda.
jura, laws must be established, Prop. 4. To coin (money). 5. To
point out (esp. favourably), to distinguish, to honour. 6. §To observe,
to notice.—See signatus.
signum, i. a. 1. A mark, a token, a sign (of any kind). 2. A sym
ptom, a prognostic, an omen. 3. An image or figure (as a work of art),
a statue, a hgure painted or embroidered. 4. A device on a seal, a seaL
5. A sign in the heavens, a constellation. 6. A military standard (in
cluding the eagle) : signa subsequi, to keep close to the standards, i. e. to
keep the ranks, Cass,; quodneque absignis discedereauderent,and because
they also did not venture to break their ranks, Cses. ; signa relinquere, to
desert, Li v.; quod . . . non signa laturi dicantur, as for its being said that
they would not advance the standards (i. e. strike their camp), Cass. ; signa
vertere, and convertere, to wheel round, to face about, Can., Liv. ; Rocaani
eonversa signa tripartite) intulerunt, the Romans wheeled about, and ad
vanced in three bodies against the enemy, Coes. ; signa contulit cum Alex-
andrinis, he fought the people of Alexandria, Cic : aliqiioties collatis signis
certatiim, there were many pitched battles, Liv. (but sometimes coaferre
signa means only to bring all the standards to one place); urbem intravere
lub signis, they entered the city in regular (marching) order, Liv. 7.
(Sometimes) The standard of a single cohort or maniple (opp. to aqnila, toe
eagle or standard of the whole legion). 8. A single cohort, a angle
maniple. 9. A military or naval signal, a watchword, etc
silanus, i. m. A jet of water,
■liens, entis. part. fr. sileo q. v. ; also as adj. Still, quiet, calm : mnbne
tilentes, the shades of the dead, Virg. silentes, as tuhst. 1. The
■hades below, the dead, Virg., Ov. 2. The Pythagoreans (from their
vow of silence for five years), Ov.
Illentium, i. n. Silence, not speaking, stillness, noiselessness: taciturna
silentia, the voiceless silence of night, Lucr. 2. Inaction, inactivity:
biduum deinde silentium fuit, after this there was a cessation of ail opera
tions (military) for two days, Liv.; idem prseturae tenor et silentium, the
same course of quiet conduct was observed by him as praetor, Tac; at
Iaudem eorum a silentio vindicarem, to rescue their glory from obscurity,
Cic.
Bilco, es, ui, no sup. v. n. and a. 1. (r. ».) To be silent, to keep silence.
2. To be quiet, noiseless, free from all noise : silent leges inter anna, the
laws have no voice in time of war, Cic; si qnando ambitus sileat, if ever
there should be an end of canvassing, Cic. 3. (e. a.) To be silent about,
to pass over in silence, to omit to mention (c ace).
■Heaoo, is, no pert r. a. To be silent, to keep silence, to be quiet, calm.
■Ilex, loii. tx.f. 1. A flint stone. 2. §A rock: new silica nati tamos,
we are not born of flints, i. e. are not hard-hearted, Cic.
tslllcernium. La A funeral feast, an expression of contempt for sn old
man, Ter.
tslligo. Inis./. Fine wheaten flour.
'-.Ha, »./.f. I. A pod or husk of leguminous plants. 2. (Inji)
 SIL— SIM 406
■Hu, L n. A kind of satirical writing, a lampoon.
tillybus, i. m [iriAAvfos.] A strip of parchment attached to a book con
taining the title, etc
JtHurus, i. m. Some kind of fish, perhaps the sheatfuh or shad.
■Has. i. m. Snubnosed.
sflva, etc. See sylva.
simia, ae. f. An ape, a monkey.
tsimila, ae. f. Fine wheaten flour.
similis. e. adj. Like, similar, resembling (c gen. or c. dat) : similes inter
se, like one another, Cie.j simili ratione atque ipse fecerit, in a similar
manner to that in which he had done, i. e. as he had done, himself.
similiter, adv. In like manner, similarly (often c atque, ac, et, at si) :
similiter atque ipse eram commotua, agitated like I myself was, Cic
similitude inia. f. 1 . Likeness, similarity, resemblance. 2. A like
ness. 3. A simile, a similitude, a comparison.
•imiua, i. m., and dim. limiilna, i. m. An ape, a monkey.
simplex, Ids. adj. 1. Single: simplici ordine, in single file, one by one,
Lit.; plus vice simplici, more than once, Hor. 2. Simple, plain, uncom-
poonded, unmixed. 3. Simple, flee from dissimulation, artless, guileless,
frank, sincere, honest, blunt
simplicitas, atisj. f. 1 . Simplicity, singleness. 2. Frankness, artless-
neas, guilelessness, honesty.
nmplum, i. a. A single number, a single portion (opp. to duplum).
simpulum, i. n. A small ladle: excitabat fluctut in simpulo ut dicitur, he
was making much ado about nothing, as the saying is, Cic.
rimpuvium, in. A sacrificial bowl for offering wine in.
tlm.nl adv. 1. At the same time, at once, at the same place, together (in
point of time or place). 2. (More usu. simul atque or ac in this sense)
At soon as. 3. Simul .... timul, partly partly, as well .... and
also. 4. Almost, (uprep. c. ail.) together with.
simulacrum, i. ». I. A likeness, image, representation. 2. (Esp.) An
effigy, portrait, statue. 3. An unreal appearance, a phantom, a shade, a
spectre. 4. A shadow, a semblance (opp. to a reality) : simulacra
na»alis pugnss, sham fights at sea, Lit. 5. A sign, a mark (as opp. to a
properly-formed letter): non inseram simulacrum viri copiosi, quae dixerit
referendo, I will not insert a bad copy of that eloquent man by giving a
sketch of what he said [for his speech is extant], Liv.
Sjimulamen, Inia. n. A copy, an imitation.
limulana, antis. part. ft. simulo, q. t. ; also §as adj. c compar. etc. Imita
tive, clever at imitating (c gen.).
simulate, adv. Pretencledly, not sincerely.
rlmulatio, 6ni»./. 1. Falsely-assumed appearance, a pretence, a feigning
(to be what one is not). 2. Hypocrisy, deceit, insincerity: muliones
cum cassidibus, equitum specie ac simulatione, muleteers with helmets on,
to look like cavalry, Caes.; gladiatores empti Fausti simulatione, gladiators
bought, as was pretended, for Faustus, Cic; simulatione minimum, under
pretence of a divine command, Tac.
simulator, oris. m. 1. §A copier, an imitator. 2. A pretender, a
feigner. 3. An ironical speaker: cujus rei libet simulator, a dissimulator
able to put on any kind of appearance, or to conceal anything, Sail.
simulo, as), v. a. 1. To make (one thing) like (another), to imitate, to
copy. 2. To assume the form of, to resemble (c. ace): Honieri ilia
Minerva, aimulata Mentori, the Minerva of Homer when she assumed the
likeness of Mentor, Cie. 3. To represent, to portray, to paint, etc.:
percussasaque sua simulat de cuspide terram prodere . . . foetum, and she re
presents (in embroidery) the earth when struck by her spear, bringing forth
its produce, Ov. 4. To feign (to be, or to have, etc what one it or has
not ■, to simulate, to counterfeit, to pretend : Hannibal asgrum simulabat,
Haanibal shammed ill, Liv.
slmultat, atis. / 111 will, enmity, animosity, jealousy.
496 SIM — SIN
slmus, a, mn, and +slmulus, a, nm. adj. Pugnosed.
aia. conj. But if, if on the contrary, if however.
ttsinapi, is. n. and sinapis, is./ [alirrpri.] Mustard.
sincere, adv. Sincerely, frankly.
Jsincerltas, atis./ 1. Sincerity, frankness, honesty. 2. Parity.
sincerus, a, am. adj. 1. Clear, pure, sound, uninjured, genuine. 2.
Unmixed, unalloyed, undisturbed, uncorrupted. 3. Sincere, honest, up
right, free from deceit, guileless.
Jsinclput, itis. n. 1. Half a head. 2. JA smoked cheek (of pig,
etc.).
Jsindon, 5nis./ [<rivtt4v.] Muslin.
sine. prep. c. alii. Without.
singillatim and singulation adv. Singly, one by one, separately.
singular is, e. adj. 1. One by one, single, solitary, singular: imperium
singulare, sole authority, exclusive power, Cic; non singularenecsolivagnm
genus, a race not formed to live or wander in solitude, Cic 2. Sin
gularly good, excellent, admirable, eminent; Zpl. m. as tubs!., a select body
guard of cavalry.
singularlter, sync. Jsingl. adv. 1. f§Sing!y. 2. In a singular degree,
exceedingly.
ainguli, 89, a. pi. adj. (in Plaut. also singulus). 1 . One to each : filia
singulos filios habentes, his daughters having a son a-piece, Liv.; duodena
describit in singulos homines jugera, he allots twelve acres to each man,
Cic. 2. Single, individual : crescit in dies singulos, it increases every
day. Cic.
singultim. adv. With sobs.
Jsingultio, Is. v. n. 1. To sob, to hiccough. 2. To throb with plea
sure.
singulto, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n ) To sob, to rattle in the throat as if
choking or dying. 2. (v. a. ) To gasp out : singultans animam, gasping
out his life (dying), Ov.
singultus, us. m. 1. A sob, sobbing. 2. The death-rattle in the
throat.
sinister, tra, tram. adj. 1. On the left side or hand, left 2. Awk
ward, improper. 3. (Of omens, etc; because the Romans looking south
when they consulted auspices, had the east on their left hand) Lucky,
auspicious, favourable, fortunate. 4. (But as the Greeks looked the
contrary way, the poets often used the word in the Greek idea) Unlucky,
unfavourable, unpropitious, inauspicious. 5. (Of events, etc) Unlucky,
unfortunate; mischievous, injurious, disastrous. -f. as subst. 1. The
left hand. 2. The left side, the left ; §n. as stiM., what is wrong,
wrong.
sinistra, adv. 1. Unfairly. 2. {Unfavourably.
sinistrorsus and -sum. adv. To the left side, to the left.
sino, is, sivi, no sup. v. a. To let, to suffer, allow, permit (c infin., c tut
and adj., §c. subj.) : sinite arnia viris, leave arms to men, Virg.; neu pro-
pius tectis taxnm sine, suffer not a yew near their habitations.
■Inum, i. n. A large drinking vessel with swelling sides.
sinuo, as. r. a. 1. To bow, to swell out in curves. 2. To bend.
slnuosus, a, um. adj. 1. Full of bendings, windings, curves, winding.
2. Full of folds, swelling out (of a sail, a gown, etc).
sinus, us. m. 1. A bending, a curve, the folds of a garment (or of a ser
pent), anything that bulges or bellies out, a sail (when filled by the wind;
also velorum sinus, the bellying sails, Prop.), a curl. 2. A bay, a gulf,
the land around a bay. 3. The folds of a garment about the bosom. 4.
A purse (as being carried in those folds). 5. §A garment, a robe. 6.
The bosom, the lap: Pompcius mihi crede in sinu est, Pompey, believe
me, is very dear to me, Cic; optatum negotium sibi in sinum delatum esse
dicebat, he said that the business for which he wished was committed to
his care, Cic; in sinu urbis, in the heart of the city, Sail.; ut hostis ....
 8IP— S0B 497
fronte simul et linn exciperetur, that the enemy might be taken both in
front and on the flunk, Tac. ; ut in sinu gaudeant, that they may rejoice in
lecret (lit. in their own bosoms), Cic.
sipirium, i. The smaller curtain in a theatre, drawn up between the
scenes.
sipho. onis. in. A siphon.
iiquando. adv. If ever, if at any time.
siqaidem. adv. 1. If indeed. 2. Since.
Siren, enis./ [Scioffr.] A Siren, one of three sorceress sisters, dwelling
near Cape Pelorus, in Sicily, and alluring sailors to their destruction by
their sweet singing.
Sirias, i. m. The Dogstar.
aims. i. m. A granary underground.
Btto, is, stlti, statum. v. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To cause to stand, to
place, to station, to draw up (an army) : jaculum clnmanti sistit in ore, as he
is crying out be plants the javelin in his mouth, Virg. 2. (As t>. a.) To
produce (a person) in court to answer to his bail; (and as v. n. in act.
and in pass.) to appear in court : vadimonium sistit, he appears to (answers
to) his bail, Cic; testificator ipse P. Quinctum non stitiese, et se stitisse,
he gives evidence that P. Quinctus had not appeared, and that he had, Cic
3. (t>. ».) To stand fast, to last, to endure: [he said] non potuisse sisti, that
things could not last (i. e. in that state), Liv. 4. (v. a.) To make
to stand still, to stop, to arrest the progress of, to check, to quench
(thirst). 5. (v. a.) To establish firmly, to set fast, to fasten, to make
firm. 6. JTo erect, to build.
tijtram, i. n. A metallic rattle or cymbal used by the Egyptians at the
festival of Isis.
sisymbrium, i. n. Wild thyme.
iltella. as. /. A ballot-box.
olthoaios, a, um, n ml / SI thorns, idis. adj. Thracian.
siticulosus. a, um. adj. Thirsty, parched with heat and drought.
sitiens, entis, pari. l'r. sitio; also as adj. 1. Thirsty. 2. (Of places)
Dry, arid, parched, burnt up: sitiens canicula, the Dogstar that dries up
everything, Ov. 3. Thirsty, i. e. eager for, desirous of (c. ace or c. gen.).
tltienter. adv. In a thirsty manner, eagerly.
sitio. Is, Jvi, no sup. r. n. and a. 1. (v. ».) To thirst, to be thirsty.
2. To be dried up, parched, burnt up (as places by heat and drought).
3. (r. a.) To thirst for, to desire eagerly.
litis, is. / 1. Thirst. 2. Drought. 3. Thirst for (something),
eater desire.
Tsltltor. oris. m. One who thirsts for.
situs, a, um (said to be part. fr. sinn, but more probably another form of the
part, of sero, sevi.) 1. Placed, lying, situated, situate (oftener of places
than of persons or things): situs est . . . super Numicium flmnen, he was
buried on the river Numicius, Liv. 2. (c. in and abl.) Depending on,
consisting in.
situs, us. m. 1. Situation, position, site: regaliqne situ pyramidum altius,
and loftier than the royal structure of the pyramids, Hor.
situs, us. in. 1. Rust, mouldiness, mould. 2. Dirt, filthiness. 3.
Inactivity, the (mental) rust produced by indolence : situs informis,
unseemly oblivion, Hor.
awe, contr. sea. emj. 1. Or if. 2. (Rare) Or. 3. Sive . . . sive, sive
. . . seu, seu . . . sive, etc., whether ... or. In the poets and in Tac.
for one (usu. the first) sive or seu some other conj. is sometimes used :
fatone substitit erravitne via seu lassa resedit, whether she stopped still
under the influence of fate, or lost her way, or sat down through weariness,
V.rg.
imaragdus. i. in. An ememld, any green transparent stone.
smaris, Idis./. A small seati.il).
soboles, is.—See suboles.
II
498 SOB— SOL
sobrie. adv. Soberly, temperately.
sobrinus, i. m. ;/. sobrina, m. A couwn-german by tbe mother's aide.
sobrius, a, um. adj. 1. Not drunk, aober. 2. Temperate, moderate
in one's wishes. 3. Prudent, cautious : nox sobria, a night when no
wine is drunk, Prop.
soccus, i. in. J. A slipper, a light shoe, esp. one worn by comic actors.
2. §Comedy.
»6ccr. Sri. in. A father-in-law, (§m pL) father and mother-in-law.
socio, as. / A female companion or partner: socia generisque torique, your
sister and your wife (Juno to Jupiter), Ov.
iSciabllia, e. adj. Sociable, friendly.
sScialis, e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to companions or companionship,
social 2. Of or belonging to allies or alliance. 3. §(Only in Ov.)
Of marriage or married couples, conjugal, matrimonial.
socialiter. adv. Socially, in a friendly manner.
sdcietaa, atis./ 1. Fellowship, association, society, community. -.
Partnership. 3. A company, a body of partners. 4. Alliance, con
federacy, a league.
socio, as. v. a. 1. To make companions, to unite, to join, lo associate
(c <Ut. or c. cum and abl. of the more remote object). 2. To share
as companions or partners: sociari criniinibus, to be accomplices in chine,
Liv.
social, i. m. 1. A companion, a comrade, an associate. 2. A partner.
3. An ally, a confederate, a member of a league : socii, the Italian allies ;
transfert in generis socios odium, she transfers the odium to her relations,
Ov.
socius, a, um. adj. 1. United in companionship, partnerships oc alliance,
confederacy, etc., united, allied. '-'. Possessed in common by com
panions or partners.
socordla, ae./ Indolence, laziness, inactivity, supinenesa. •
socordlter. adv. Lazily, negligently, supinely, remissly.
socors. dis. adj. 1. Stupid, foolish. 2. Lazy, indolent, sluggish:
futuri socors, indifferent to the future, Tac
socrus, us./ A mother-in-law.
sSdalicium, i. n. 1. Companionship, fellowship, association. 2. A
club. 3. A secret society.
sodalis, is. 1. A companion, associate, comrade (esp. in one's leisure
hours, amusements, etc.). 2. A member of a society, dub, eta S.
A participator, an accomplice * (once as ailj.) turba sodalis, a bud of
companions. Or.
sSdalitas, atis./ 1. Fellowship, companionship, brotherhood. 2. A
society, an association. 3* A club. 4. A secret society.
\ sodes (eontr. fr. si audes). If you please, by your leave, pray.
sol, solis. hi. 1. The tun. 2. Sunshine. 3. §A day : orient sol,
the east : occidens sol, the west, Cees.
§s61amen, Inis. n. Consolation.
Solaris, e. adj. Of the sun, solar.
solarium, i. n. 1. A sundial. 2. A place in the forum where tbe
sundial stood. 3. A clock (even a water-clock). 4. t+-V part of t
house exposed to the sun — a housetop, terrace, balcony so placed.
solatium, i. n. solatiolum, i. n. Comfort, consolation, solace, relief.
solator, oris. m. A comforter, a coasoler.
soldurii, orum. pi m. A Gallic name for retainers, Cats. (IV 0. iii. 22.)
solea, as./ A slipper, a sandal. 2. A shoe for animals. 3. A fetter.
4. The fish called a sole.
soleatus, a, um. adj. Wearing slippers or sandals.
solenr.is, solera, solicitus, etc.—See soil-.
sSleo, es, solltns sum. c. ». To be accustomed, to be used, to be wont.
"KsBlIde. adv. Thoroughly, fully, entirely.
e311dltas, atis./ Solidity.
 SOL 499
zolldo, as. r. a. To make solid, to compress so as to make solid, to fasten
together firmly.
Svlidas, a, nm. adj. 1. Firm, densely compact, solid. 2. Whole, com
plete, entire. 3. Sound, solid, really genuine: mens solida, a firm mind,
Hor. r>. as subst. (sometimes Bync. soldum). 1. The whole sum, the
principal. 2. A solid body. 3. Solid ground, firm grour.d, a sure
footing.
soliitimiam tripiidium. A favourable omen, when the chickens ate so
greedily that the grains fell from their bills on the ground, Lit.
soiitarius, a, nm. adj. Lonely, solitary.
sdlitudo, inis./. 1. Loneliness, solitude, a solitary condition. 2. A
lonely place.
solitus, a, nm. pari. it. soleo in act. and pass, sense. 1. Accustomed, used
(to do so and so). 2. What one is accustomed to, customary, usual,
wonted: solito formosior, more beautiful than men usually are, Or.; nescio
qua praeter solitum dulcedine keti, delighted with some unusual pleasure, Virg.
solium, i. a. 1. A throne. 2. §Kingly power, royal authority. 3.
A part of a bath where the bather sits, a bath.
sollvagus, a, nm. adj. 1 . Wandering or roaming alone. 2. Alone,
solitary. 3. (Of knowledge) Keeping to itself, contracted.
sollennis, ©. adj. [sollus, an old word for totus, annus.] 1. Yearly,
taking place every year, annual. 2. Fixed, established, regular (i. e.
regularly recurring). 3. Religious, festive, solemn. 4. Usual, ace -
tomed, wonted. n. as subst. 1. A religious rite, a solemnity, a solemn
festival, a solemn sacrifice. 2. A custom, an established practice : priva
repeteren t sollennia, let them retnm to their usual avocations, Tac. : (§a. pi.
as adv.) insanire putas sollennia me, you think I am only crazed after the
ordinary fashion of mankind, Hor.
tollennlter. adv. In a solemn manner, with all due solemnity.
sellers, ertis, adj. [sollus, ars.] 1. Skilful, dexterous, expert, clever,
accomplished. 2. Ingenious, inventive, crafty, cunning.
Mllertar. adv. Skilfully, dexterously, cleverly, ingeniously.
tollertia, 83. /. 1. Skill, expertness, dexterity, cleverness, ingenuity.
2. Sagacity, discernment. 3. (In a bad sense) Subtlety (rare) : placuit
sollertia, the ingenious plan was approved, Tac.
solllcitatio, onis./. Solicitation, instigation.
sollicite. adv. Anxiously, solicitously, carefully.
sollicito, as. v. a. 1. To move violently, to agitate, to shake, to disturb
(the sea with oars, the ground with a plough, an arrow in trying to pull it
from a wound, the world with fear, the thread in spinning, etc.). 2.
To disturb with anxiety, to make anxious, to fret with care, to worry, to
vex, to disquiet, to disturb (peace, etc.). 3. To irritate, to provoke.
4. To rouse, to excite, to instigate, to tempt, to seduce (to do anything,
asu. something bad, c ad and ace., c. at or Be and subj., § intin.) 5.
To tamper with, to try to seduce, to solicit : et cantu tremolo pota Cupidi-
nem lentum sollicitas, and full of wine you seek with tremulous voice to
allure Cupid, slow to come at your invitation, Hor.
sollicitndo, inis. f. Solicitude, anxiety, care, uneasiness, disquietude.
soUicitus, a, nm. adj. [sollus, an old word for totus, cieo.] 1. §Wholly
(i. e. violently) disturbed, agitated, shaken, tossed about (of the sea, of
ships, etc). 2. Uneasy, disquieted, anxious, solicitous, full of care.
3. Timid, easily alarmed (of animals). 4. Anxious, i. e. causing anxiety,
disquieting, worrying, agitating (as fear, love, etc.) : (canis) sollicitnm
animal ad noctnrnos strepitus, (a dog) au animal easily disturbed by noises
at night, Liv. ; sollicitive canes, or the watchful dogs, Ov.; sollicita justitia,
timid, undecided justice, Cic.
soloEcismus, i. m. [<ro\oiKitru6s.] 1. A solecism. 2. £A fault,
soior. axis. i>. dep. 1. To comfort, t > console, to solace. 2. To relieve,
to assuage, to mitigate, alleviate, allay, soothe (hunger, fear, care, etc), to
beguile (labour).
K K 2
500 SOL
solstltiilif, a. adj. Of the solstice (esp. of the summer solstice), of the
summer: tempus solstitinle, the day when the sun enters Cancer, mid
summer, Ov. ; noxque tardior hybenia soUtitialis erit, and the summer
night will seem to pass more slowly than a winter's night, Ov.; goistiiialit
orbis, the tropic of Cancer, Cic. ; annus .... qui solstitiali circumagilu- orbe,
the year .... which revolves accord ing to the revolution of the sun, Liv.
solstitium, i. n. [sol, sistn.] 1. The period at which the sun stands still at
mid-ummer or midwinter, the solstice. 2. (Esp.) The summer solstice.
3. fSummer.
■Slum, i. n. 1. The basis or foundation (of anything), the bottom (of
am thing, of a ditch, a pool, of the sea, etc etc), the ground, tbe floor.
2. The sole of a foot or shoe. 3. Land, soil. 4. Country, region:
solum vertunt (and once mutant), they change, i. e. leave their country
(being banished), Cic; cum excusaretur solum vertisse exilii causa, when
it was alleged in his excuse that he had been banished the country, Liv.;
solo sequandee sunt dictaturse cunsulatusque. the dictatorship and consulship
are to be levelled to the ground, i. e. wholly abolished, Liv.; quodcunque
in solum venit, ut dicitur, whatever comes uppermost (i. e. occurs to one),
as the saying is, Cic; cereale solum ponds agrestibus augent, and they add
apples from the fit-Ids to their table of bread (lit increase their table of
bread by apples, having put their bread under their food to keep it off tbe
ground), Virg.; astra Uncut coeieste solum, tbe stars occupy the regions of
the heavens, Ov.
solum, and eolummodo. adv. Alone, only.
solus, a, am., gen. salias. etc. 1. Alone, only, single, sole. 2. (Of
persons or places) Lonely, solitary, (of places) deserted, unfrequented,
desolate.
lilute. adv. 1. Freely, without restraint 2. Fluently (to speak, etc).
8. Carelessly, negligently.
solutio, orris./: 1. A loosening, an unloosing. 2. Payment
solutus, a, nm. part. fr. seq., used also as adj., c compar. etc 1. Free,
unrestrained, unshackled (often c. al.l.). 2. Unbridled! unchecked,
licentious, void of moderation, extravagant, dissolute. 3. Remiss,
negligent, easy, careless. 4. Free from the restraint of metre, loose, flowing
(of style, etc.): scribere conabar verba soluta inodis, 1 tried to write prase
(lit. words unhampered by measure), Ov.; in paupertate solutus, cheerntl
amid poverty, 11 or. ; Oh quid solutis est beatius curis ! Oh what is happier
than to lay aside care ! Cat.; quanto longius nit urbe hostium abscedereut,
eo soiutiore cura in Lucretium incidunt, marching with greater negligence
the further they got from the city of the enemy, they fall itt with Lucretius,
Liv.
tolvo. is, vi, solutum. v. a. 1. To loose, to unloose, to unbind, to untie.
2. To release, unharness, to dismiss (from work). 3. To undo (s knot,
etc), to take to pieces, to put an end to, to break up (anything that Ins
been put together, as n bridge, a ship, a knot of people assembled together,
etc): solvite corde mctum, dismiss tear from your breast, Vtig.; conimissai
acies ego possum solvere, I can part armies joined in battle, I'rop.; solvit
amicos, he separates friends, Prop.; morem coiisulendi senatum solvit, he
put an end to (or broke) the custom of consulting the senab*, Liv.; ccetaque
soluto discedunt, and the company being broken up, they de|>art Ov.
4. To open (or.e's mouth, a letter, etc): lingunm nd jurgia solvit, she opens
her mouth (or lets loose her tongue ) in reproaches, Ov. ; ergastula solvit,
he opened the prisons, Cic. 5. To dis-olve, to melt 6. To free, to
exempt to release, to discharge (fiom an obi gation. restraint etc): ate
tener solvet vitulus, a tender calf shall discbarge me from my vows (!.e.
tbe sacrifice of a calf will be all that I shall lie bound to). Hoc; hit Kutu-
los solvo, nor do I exempt the Rutulians from their destiny. Virg.; ego
somno sniutus sum, I awoke, Cic. 7. To pay, to discharge (a debt so
obligation, a vow, a duty), to keep (a promise) : quum noil solvemio ««
alieno respublka esset, as the republic was unable to discbarge its debt Liv.;
 SOM — SOB 601
solvisti 6dem, yon have redeemed your promise, Ter.; Magnis injuria
poenis solvitur, the wrong is atoned for (only) by a heavy punishment, Ov.;
8. To explain, to solve. 9. Solvo ancnrani, solvo navem, to weigh anchor,
tn set sail ; so ol-o solvo l»j itself. : a terra solverunt, they put off from the
shore, Ca?-. ; ccenati soivimus after supper we set sail. Cic. ; naves ex supe-
riore portu levis venti solverunt, the ships sailed from the upper harbour
with a light breeze, Cass.
somnlcfildsus, a, tun. adj. Fond of sleep, sleepy, lazy.
§somnifer, era, emm. adj. 1. Bringing sleep, soporific 2. Bringing
the sleep of death, deadly (of poison, etc).
somnio. as. r. n. and a. 1. (r. n.) To dream (lit. and metaph.). 2. (v. a.)
To dream of, to see or fancy in a dream.
■omnium, in. 1. A dream, (metaph.) an idle fancy. 2. §t A vision
seen by a waking man.
somnus, i. m. 1. Sleep, slumber. 2. §The sleep of death : in soninis
.... Hector visus adesse niihi, in my sleep (i. e. in a dream) Hector ap
peared to be present tn n«e. Virg. 3. §N'ght (opp. to dies).
gsonabilis, e, and sonax. acis. adj. Suundiug, loud.
sonipes, edis. m. A horse.
aonitus, us. ra. A sound, a noise : sonitns Olympi, the thunder of heaven,
Virg.; sonitns nostri, my thundering speech, Cic.
sonlerum tripfiiium.— See tripndinm.
sino, as, ui. itum, and atom (infin. also sonerein Lucr.). r. n. and a. 1.
(t>. n.) To sound, to resound, to make a noise. 2. (e. a. I To sound, i. e.
to make to sound, to utter, to call out, to cry out. 3. §To sing, tn sing
of, to ce'ebrate, to extol : dicta non sonant, words do not ring, i. e. are not
money. Plant.; nee vox hominem sonat, nor does your voice sound like that
of a human being, Virg.; avorum antiqita sonantem nominn, talking loudly
of the ancient glories nf his ancestors, Virg.; furein souuere juvenci, the bul
locks betrayed the thief by their lowing*, Prop.; verbo discrepare, re uuum
sonare, to be different in name but to mean the same in reality, Cic.
sonor, oris. m. Noise, sound (in no prose before Tac.).
sonorus, a, am. adj. Lond, sonorous, resounding.
sons. tis. adj. Guilty, criminal ; m. as subst., a criminal, a guilty person.
sontlcus, a, um. adj. Serious, important, sufficient (of a reason, etc.), Tib.
Bonus, in. I. A sound, a noise. 2. A word uttered : or* sono dis-
discordia signant, they remark our expressions, differing in language from
theirs, Virg.
+Jsophia, 83./. [cnxpi'a] Wisdom.
sophistes, as. m. [croipio-Wjj.] A sophist.
+s6phns, i ra. [iro^iSj.] 1. A wise man. 2. (As adj.) Clever, skilful.
sopio, Is, Ivi, itum. r. a. 1. To lull to sleep. 2. To render insensible,
to stun. 3. To quiet, to calm, to tranquillise, to still. 4. To extin
guish (fire, etc.) : sopitas aras excit.it, he rekindles the extinct fires on the
altars, Virg. ; sopita; quictis tempus, the time when people are most soundly
asleep, Liv.
sopor, oris. in. 1. Heavy sleep, sleep. 2. §+The sleep of death. 3.
^Sleepiness, laziness, indolence.
fsopdrlfer, era, erum. adj. Bringing sleep, soporific
soporo, as. r. a. 1. To lull to sleep, to cast into a sleep. 2. To render
soporific
soporus, a, um. adj. Causing or bringing sleep (of night, etc.).
sorbeo, es, ui, no sup. v. a. 1. To suck up, to suck down, to drink, to
swallow. 2. To swallow up, to devour (as whirlpools, fire, etc.) : me
ab eo ita observari scio, ut ejus ista odia non sorbeam solum, I am aware
that I am so watched by him, that I am not only the sole object of
his hatred . . ., Cic.
■(•sorbillo, as. r. a. To sip.
Jsorbitio. onis./ That which is sucked up, drunk, swallowed, a draught
sorbum, is. A serviceberry.
KK3
SOS SOR-SPA
sordeo, es. Tin perf.v. n. 1. +To b« dirty. 2. fTo be mean, sordid.
3. To be contemptible, to be despised (c dat. of him by whom) : prctiiun
setns altera sordet, is a second life contemptible as a reward ? Hot.
sordes, ia /'. [mure am. in pi.] 1. Dost, filth. 2. A mourning gar
ment (always p/. in this sense). 3. Lowness or meanness of condition,
obscurity. 4. The dregs of the people, the mob, the rabble. 5.
Meanness, sordidness, stinginess : sordes illte verborum, those low, vulgar
expressions, Tac.
tordesco. is, no perf. v. n. To become dirty, to be dirty.
sordidatus. a, um. adj. 1. Clad in dirty clothes, meanly dressed. 2.
Chid in mourning.
SOrdide. adv. Meanly, basely, vulgarly, unbecomingly, sordidly.
iordldus, a, am, and dim. ^sordldulus, a, in. adj. 1. Dirty, foul,
filthy, mean-looking, shabby. 2. Low, of low condition, obscure,
ignoble, poor, humble. 3. Mean, base, abject, vile, despicable, dis
graceful. 4. Sordid, stingy : cupido sordidus, avarice, llor.; sordida
tergn suis, the smoked chine of a pig, Ov.
+*sorex, Icis. m. A shrew mouse.
sorites, ffl. m. [o-wpeiTTjs. ] A logical argument or fallacy based on an accu
mulation of arguments or instances, a sorites.
Boror, iris./. 1. A sister: doctse sorores, the Muses, Ov.; tres somes,
tristes sorores, the Fates, llor., Ov., Tib. 2. §One of the same band or
company, a female comrade.
sSroridda, te. m. [soror csedo.] A murderer of his sister.
sororius. a. in. adj. Of, belonging to or connected with a sister, sisterly.
sors. tis. 1. A lot (thrown to determine a chance), a chance. 2. A
casting or drawing of lots, decision by lot. 3. Lot, i. e. fate, destiny,
that which is allotted to any one. a share, a part. 4. §Sez (male or
female). 5. (Of money) Capital, principal. 6. An oracular response,
a prophecy: responsa sorlium, the answers of the oracles. Lit.; nan tuss
sortis juvenem, a youth not of the same rank (or lot in life) as yon,
Hnr.
sortllegns, a, tun. adj. Giving oracles, prophetic; m. as most., a soothsayer,
a fortune-teller.
sortior. Iris, itus sum. v. dtp. 1 . To cast lots, to draw lots. 2. To
appoint by lot, to assign. 3. To draw a lot for, to receive in conse
quence of drawing lots, to have allotted to one. 4. §To share, to
divide (as the members of a company divide a duty). 5. To obtain, to
receive. 6. §To choose, to select: part. per/, aortitis, having seeaivsa
by lot, etc., (often also in pass, sense) allotted, assigned or distributed as a
share.
aortito. abl as adv. 1. By lot. 2. By fate, in accordance with
destiny.
sortltio, onis./, and sortltus, is. »». A drawing or casting lots, a deciding
or distributing lots : qua; sortitus non pertulit ullos, who had not to en
dure that anyone should draw lots for her (as a slave), Virg.
tospes, itis. adj. 1. Safe, unharmed, uninjured. 2. Favourable, pro
pitious.
sosplta, 89./. Protectress, patroness (esp. of Juno).
sosplto. as. v. a. To protect, to render or keep safe, to preserve.
Boter, Sris. m. [troirtip.] A saviour, a preserver, a deliverer.
spadix. Icis. adj. m.f. Of a bright chestnut colour (spadix properly being the
fruit of the palm, a date).
spado, onis. m. A eunuch.
•pargo, is, si, stun. v. a. 1. To strew, to spread, to scatter, to sprinkle,
to throw about. 2. To throw, to hurl (javelins, fltc.). 3. To be
sprinkle, to bespatter, to moisten, to bestrew. 4. (Bap. in part, nam.)
To spot, to speckle : priscis spnrsa tabellis porticos, n cnlounade covered in
different places with old tablets, Ov. S. To scatter (as a storm tottien
ships, etc), to separate, to divide, to spread widely, to spread abroad (a
 SPA— SPE 503
report, etc). 6. To dissipate, to squander: sparge subinde, let fall
from time to time such expressions as ... , Hur.
sparsus, a, um. pari. pass. fr. prec, q. t. (Esp.) Speckled, spotted
(c. lllil. ).
■partnm, i. n. Broom, Spanish broom, used in ancient times for making
ropes of.
ap&rulns, i. m. A bream (a kind of fish).
aparns, i. m. A hunting-spear, a light spear.
^spatha, 83. f. A broad two-edged sword without a point.
spatior, aria. r. dtp. 1. To walk, to walk about, to take a walk. 2.
To go, to advance, to proceed : spatiantes alas, spreading wings, Ov.
apatiose. adv. Widely, extensively, over an extended space.
spatiosns, a, um. adj. 1. Roomy, ample, spacious. 2. Broad, wide,
extensive. 3. §Stout, large (of an animal). 4. §Long, lasting a long
time.
spatium, i. «. 1. Room, space. 2. Distance, interval (of either place
or time): via? spatium, the length of the road, Ov. 3. §Size, bulk,
length, breadth ; nee limit-' callida recto in spatiumque fugit, nor does
she, being cunning, flee in a straight course, and so as te cover a distance of
ground, Ov. ; trahit in spatium (aures), he pulls out (his ears) and gives
them length, Ov. 4. A place for walking, a walk, a promenade,
a road, a path : spatium declivis Olympi, the road down the sloping side of
heaven, Ov. ; mens . . . amat spatiis obstantia runtpere claustra, the mind
Jovea to break down the barriers that hinder its free course, Hoe. ; locus
.... planis porrectus spatiis, ground extending in level plains, Her. 5. A
apace of time: eubripiendum aliquid putavi apatii, 1 thought I ought to
steal a moment (to write to you), Cic 6. Metrical time, measure (rare),
a period. 7. Time, leisure, opportunity. 8. A course, a race : equus
apatio qui sffipe supremo vicit Olympia, a horse who has often conquered at
the Olympic games in the last time of going round the course (i. e. iu the
decisive round), Eur. ap. Cic. ; te vero mea quern spatiis propioribus setas
insequitur, but you who are nearer my own age (lit. whom my age attends
upon, keeps close to, in a course nearer to), Virg.
species, ei. / 1. +§ A view, a tight 2. Outward appearance, appear
ance, form, shape, guise : speciem honesti habere, to have the appearance
{or look) of what is right, Cic. 3. Appearance, look, show, semblance
(as opp. to reality) : per speciem auxilii Byznutiis ferendi, under pretucc
of taking aid to the Byzantines, Liv. ; paucis ad apeciem tabernacuiis
relictis, a few tents being left to make a -show, Cass. 4. Fine appearance,
beauty, elegance. S. §An unreal appearance, a vision, a phantom.
6. §An image, an effigy. 7. A kind, a species. 8. An idea, a
notion.
specillum, i. ». A probe, an instrument for examining diseased part*.
specimen, Inis. «. (no pi.). 1. A specimen, example, instance, proof.
2. A model, a pattern.
speciose. adv. Beautifully, superbly, elegantly.
speciosus, a, um. wlj. 1. Showy, handsome, beautiful, elegant, graceful.
2. Specious, plausible, sounding well: speoiosoque eripe damno, and deliver
me from this brilliant-looking destruction (of Midas, mho changed all he
touched to gold), Ov.
spectabilis, e. adj. 1. To be seen, visible. 2. Splendid, beautiful.
spectaculum, i. n. I. A thing to be seen, a show, a sight, a spectacle,
esp. a public show of games, plays, gladiatorial combats, etc 2. A
theatre, a place for spectacles or games.
tpectatio, bnis.f. A beholding, a seeing, contemplation. 2. A proving
or testing (of money).
spectator, oris. m. 1. A beholder, a spectator, a looker on. 2.
+A critic a critical judge, a connoisseur.
spectatus, a, am. part. past. fr. specto, used also as adj., c. compar, etc. *
triad, tested, proved. 2. Found good, approved, excellent.
KB. 4
504 SPE — SPI
ipectio. onis. /. The observing or the right or observing the auspices.
ipecto, a*, v. a. ). To look at, to behold, to look upon, to be a spectator
2. (c ad or in and ace to look (as a house, etc. louks towards what fronti
it) : Belgss spectant in septentriones et oricntem solem, the Beige lie to
the nortb-east, C«e». 3. To try, to test, t>< prove, to assay. 4. To
judge of (c ex and abl. of the teat by which). 5. To look to (as an
object), to keep in view, to aim at : qnem locnm probanda virtutis rose
specias, what opportunity of exhibiting your valour do you expect ? C«s.
6. (c. ad and ace) To look to, i. e. drpend upon. 7. (c. ad or in and
ace, or c. adv. of place, eo, quo, etc.) To have a tendency : hoc eo spectabat,
the tendency of this was, Cic ; nonne videtis rem ad teditionem spectare ?
do you not tee that matters are tending towards a mutiny ? Liv. 8.
(c ad and ace.) To concern, to belong to.
spectrum, i. a. A phantom, apparition, spectre.
specula, ae / 1. A look-out place, a watch-tower : homines in spernlit
sunt, men are on the watch, Cic; in speculis omnis Abydos erat, all Abydos
could see me, Or. 2. |A high place, a height, a top (of a mountain or
of a wall),
specula, ae. /. A slight hope.
JspeciUabunduB, a, urn. adj. On the look-out, watching,
^specularia, am. pi. «. Windows of some transparent stone,
speculator, oris. m. 1. A look-out man, a watchman. 2. A scoot, t
spv. ,'!. An investigator, an examiner,
ipeculatoriua, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to spies or scouts : speculator!!
naves vessels sent to reconnoitre, Liv.
speculatrix. icis. /. A female spy upon or looker into (the Furies, etc.).
speculor. aris. r. dtp. 1. To watch, to observe. 2. To spy out, to go
as a scout, to reconnoitre. 3. §To see, to notice.
speculum, La. 1. A mirror, a looking-glass. 2. (Rare) A copy, sa
imitation,
specus, us. m. (also t/.. and §in nom. and ace. sing. a.). 1. A cares
cavern. 2. Any hollow, any cavity (a wound, etc),
gipelseum, L n, and spelunca, SB. / [o-rtaaior.] A cave, a cavern, a dm.
sperno, is, sprevi, turn. v. a. To despise, to contemn, to scorn, to reject
with scorn,
spero, as. r. a. 1. To hope, to hope for, to expect 2. To look for (aa
evil), to apprehend, to fear as impending,
spes, spei./. 1. Hope, expectation, anticipation. 2. § A thing hoped
for. 3. §One's hope. i. e. that on which one's hope is founded. 4.
Expectation (of some evil), apprehension,
sphaera. 2b./. 1. A ball, a globe, a sphere. 2. A celestial glibe
Sphinx, gis./ [24>{?(.] A fabulous monster that destroyed the Thebans,
who could not answer a riddle she proposed, and was destroyed by UCdipus.
■pica, ae./. 1. An ear of corn. 2. §A top or tuft of any plant. 3.
§tAn arrow. 4. The brightest star in the constellation Virgo,
spleens, a. tun. adj. Consisting of ears of com, of corn, of grain,
gpiculum, i. n. 1. The head of a javelin or arrow. 2. A javelin, a
spear, a lance, an arrow, §the sting of a bee or scorpion, etc.
spina, 88./ 1. A thorn. 2. A prickle (of a porcupine, ele,\ afi«h
bone. 3. The spine, the backbone. 4. §The back. 5. (Metaph.)
Subtleties (of speech, argument, etc.), difficulties. 6. §Thorny cues,
anxieties,
■pinetum. La. A bramble hedge, a thicket of thorn bushes,
aplneus, a. urn. adj. Made of or full of thorns.
§spinlfer, era, erum. adj. Thorny,
■plnosus, a, tun, adj. 1. Thorny, full of thoms (lit. and metaph.). '-■
Intricate, difficult, subtle (of argument, speech, etc).
Jspinthria, ae. m. A debauchee,
iplnus, L/ The sloe tree, the blackthorn,
aplra, as./ [oTr.Jpo.] 1. A fold, a coiL 2. JA twisted haUtring.
 SPI—S P 0 505
sjpiratiPb, ft. adj. That can be breathed.
•piricJUnm, i a., and spiramentum, in. A breathing hole, a vent, a
hole: spiramenta animae, the lungs, Virg. j spiramenta temporuui, intervals
of breathing time, respites, Tac.
srpirins, antis. part. pan. fr. spiro; also as adj. I. Breathing (nnce c.
alii.): Cacus spirans iguibus, Cacus breathing forth flames, Vin;. 2.
Breathing, i. e. living (of men, also of sinmes like life ) : eo suir.mte, while
hi- was alive, Cic; spirante republica, while the republic still exists, Cic.
■plrittu, u». m. 1. A breath of air, a breeze. 2. Breath. 3.
Breath ;ng (the power or the act). 4. The breath of life. life. 5.
Spirit, spirited, feeling, courage, vivacity, rigour : (crcdebaut) fractns spi-
ritus esse, they thought that their courage was broken, Liv. b'. (Rare)
Spirit, feeling : [Coriolanus] hostiles jam turn spiritus gerens, already che
rishing a hostile spirit, Liv. 7. Pride, haughtiness, fierceness. 8.
§A sigh.
spiro, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To breathe, to blow (as the wind).
2. (en.) To breathe (as a living animal). 3. To live, to he alive.
4.(§c. dnt.) To breathe in, to favour. 5. To breathe forth, to exhale, to
poeir forth with the breath. 6. JTo utter. 7. To breathe (inetaph.),
i. e. to be full of, to be redolent of: quae spirabat amores, she who was re
dolent of love, Hor.; spirans immane, breathing deeds of violence, Virg.;
tribunatum etiam nunc spirans, even now aiming at the trilmneship, Liv.;
graviter spirantis enpia thymbrte, plenty of strong-smelling savory, Virg.;
ferretque fretis spirantibus usquor, and the sea is in a fury with its roaring
waters, Virg.
spisse. adv. Slowly, as if working through a dense crowd.
tjapissesco, U. v. n. To become thick.
spisso. as. r. a. To make thick, to condense.
spissua, a, um. adj. 1. Thick, compact, dense, packed close, close. 2.
Moving slowly, slow. 3. Slowly done, i. e. difficult.
*splen, enil. m. [o-*aJ)k] The spleen.
splendeo, es, no perf. v. n. 1. To shine, to be bright, to gleam, to glitter.
2. To be conspicuous, to be illustrious.
splendesco, is. v. n. 1. To become bright, to begin to shine. 2. To
be made hrilliant (as a subject by eloquence).
splendide. adv. 1. Splendidly, magnificently, gorgeously. 2. Nobly,
with brilliant distinction, (to pass life, etc.) honourably.
splendld'lB, a, um. wlj. 1. Bright, shining, glittering, brilliant 2.
Splendid, magnificent, sumptuous. 3. Honourable, noble, of high rank
and character. 4. Showy (opp. to solid), specious, plausible.
splendor, oris. m. 1. Brightness, brilliancy. 2. Splendour, magnifi
cence. 3. High rank and character, honour, dignity, nobleness, brilliant
reputation. 4. Clearness (of voice).
^spleniatus, a, um. adj. With a patch on (for a cut, etc.).
Jsplenium, i. n. A patch, a plaster.
spoliatio, onis. /. Plundering, pillaging, ravaging, despoiling, spoliation :
spoliatio dignitatis, the stripping a person of his rank, Cic.
spoliator, oris, m., and _/." -atrix, icis. A plunderer, pillager, ravnger,
spoiler, stripper.
spolio, as. v. a. 1. To spoil, to plunder, to pillage, to ravage. 2. To
despoil, to strip, to deprive by force, to rob (c. ah), rei): Hyems spoliata
snos . . . capillos, Winter (personified) stripped of his hair. Ov.
gpolium, La. 1. §The skin stripped off an animal one hits slain. 2.
Snoil, plunder, booty, pillage (esp. the arms of a conquered enemy).
sponda, m.f. 1. The frame of a couch or bed. 2. A conch, a bed.
spondalium, i. n. [anoti% cwAor.J A sacrificial hymn, accompanied on the
flute.
spondeo, es, spospondi, sponsnm. v. a. 1. To promise, to engage, to
pledge oneself, to undertake solemnly : spondebant anirais, they pr<niised
themselves in their minds, they lelt confident, Liv. 2. To be surety,
506 6PO— SQU
to become bail. 3. (Eap.) To promise (a daughter to a person for bis
wife), to promise in marriage, to betroth, to espouse.
spondeus, i. to. A spondee.
+spondylus. La. A kind of shellfish, a kind of muscle.
ipongia, SB./ [mroyyia.] 1. A sponge. 2. An open-worked caatsf
mail.
tponsa, SB.f. A bride.
(ponsalia, urn. pi. n. 1. Espousals, betrothal. 2. A feast on the occa
sion of espousals.
sponsio, onia./l 1. A solemn promise, a solemn tow. 2. A guaratee,
a security, a giving of bail or security. 3. An agreement (rare). 4.
(In law) A mutual agreement between litigants that the loser should pay
the winner of the suit a certain sum of money.
sponsor, oris. m. A bondsman, a surety, a security.
sponsum, i. n. An agreement, a covenant
sponsus, i. in. A betrothed husband, a bridegroom : sponsi Penelope, the
suitors of Penelope, Hor.
jponsus, us. m. 1. fEspousal, betrothal. 2. Bail, a becoming secu
rity.
sponte. all. (found in no other case in pure Latin). Of one's own accord,
willingly : sponte mea, sponte sua, etc, of my, of hie own accord, etc,
Virg., Cic; sponte mea componere euros, to settle my anxieties according to
my own wish, Virg, ; nee sua sponte sed eorum auxilio, and that not by
his own means but by their aid, Cic Sometimes, but rarely, c gen. : son
sponte principis, without the leave of the prince, Tac
■porta, ee. /. and t^sportula, m.f. A basket, (esp.) fa dole basket a
basket in which a great man distributed presents of food and miaiey
among his clients.
Bpretio. onis. f. Contempt, disdain.
spretor, oris. m. A despi-er, a contemner.
spretus. a, nm. part. past. fr. sperno, q. v.
spuma, SB.f. Froth, foam.
spumesco. is, no perf. v. n. To begin to foam.
ipumeus, a, i«i gspumlfer, era, erum, and spfimosus. a, tun. adj. Foam
ing, frothy, covered with foam : nonne hoc spuinosum ? is not this all froth
(mere bombast)? Pers.
spumo, as. r. n. To foam, to froth. 2. (As v. a.) To foam forth, to
pour forth, foaming ; part. pats. spumatus, covered with foam or froth.
ipuo, is, ui. v. a. To spit, to spit out.
spurce. adv. Infamously : qui in illam tarn spurce dixeris, you whs hsve
brought such shameless charges against her, Cic.
•f-tspurcltia, 83, and t-tifis, ei/. Filth, dust
spurco, as. r. a. To make filthy, to defile.
spurcus, a, um. adj. 1. Filthy, dirty. 2. Base, mean, profligate,
low.
sputalicius, a. um. adj. Deserving to be spit upon, contemptible, odious.
sputum, i. n. Spittle.
aqualeo, es, no pert v. n. I. To be rough. 2. To be dirty, foal, neg
lected, squalid : squalent abductis arva colonis, the fields lie untitled, the
husbandmen having been carried off, Virg. 3. To be in mourning, to
wear mourning.
gquallde. adv. Without ornament plainly, coarsely.
aqalldua. a, um. adj. 1. t§Rongh. 2. Squalid, dirty, foul 3.
Neglected. 4. Unornamented, plain.
squalor, oris. m. 1. ^Roughness. 2. Dirt, dirtiness, filth, (qnaliditj.
3. Mourning garments, mourning.
aqualus, i. m, A kind of Bearish.
•quanta, m.f. A scale (of a fish, or snake, or §of scale armour).
•quameus. a, nm, squamiger, era, erum, and squamoaus, a, um. aJj.
Scaly, covered with scales.
 SQU — STA 507
aqnilla, te./.—Set scilla.
Btabilimen, inii. n. ; and +stabilimentum, La. A support, a stay, a
prop.
stabilio. Is. Ivi, ltum. r. a. Te establish firmly, to make stable or firm.
gtabilis, e. adj. 1. Stable, firm, steady, lasting, enduring, well-founded :
eominus stabilior et tutior Rnmanus, in close combat the Roman Btood bis
ground better, and was better protected, Liv. 2. Unwavering, firm in
mind, resolute, constant.
stabllltas, atis./ Steadiness, firmness, stability, constancy.
Sstabulo, as, and stabfilor, aria. v. dtp. To be stabled, to dwell (of ani
mals).
stibtQum, L ». 1. + An abode, a home. 2. A stable, an abode for
animals (even for birds, or gfor bees). 3. X A public bouse, a tavern.
4. A brothel. Stabuli nutritor Iberi, the guardian of the Spanish sheep,
Mart.
stacta. SB./, or Jstacte, e«./ [otoktJ).] Myrrh oil
stadium, i. n. [ardSiov.] 1. A stadium, a furlong, a distance of 125
Roman paces, a little more than 200 yards. 2. A racecourse for foot-
runners of a stadium in length : stadium artis rhetorics, n contest of rhe
torical skill, Cic.
st&gno, ai. r. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To form a pool, to stagnate, to be
stagnant. 2. To be overflowed (as a jjbice is with water). 3. (v. a.)
To overflow.
stagnum, i. n. 1. A piece of standing water, a pool, a pond, a marsh, a
swamp, a fen. 2. §(In/>/.) Water, waves: Phriiee; stagna sororis, the
strait of the sister of Phrixus, i. e. the Hellespont, Ov.
stamen, inis. a. * 1. The warp in the loom. 2. A thread hanging from
the distaff. . §Any thread, the strings of a lyre, the meshes of a cob
web (esp. the thread of the Fates, etc). 4. §Cloth, the cloth fillet worn
by priests.
stamineui, a, um. adj. Consisting of threads, full of threads.
fJstanneus, a. tun. Made ol stannum, a compound of silver and lead.
stata mater. Vesta, who under that name had a statue in the forum.
stitarius, a, um. w/j. Standing firm, steady : Stntaria Cmnceriia, a kind of
comedy, so called from the quiet style of acting employed in it, Ter. ; (pi. m.
as mist.) the actors in the Stataria Comredia : C Piso statarius orator, C.
Piso, a quiet mannered speaker, 'Cic
Btitera, a?./ A steelyard, a balance, a pair of scales.
fstatlculus, i, m. A kind of quiet dance.
statim. adv. 1. fStanding firm, steadily. 2. Immediately, instantly,
(as we say) on the spot, at once : statim nt, the moment that ; statim uttuas
legeram, the moment 1 had read your letters, Cic; statim Catine absolute,
the moment that Cato was acquitted, Cic; prirao statim adventu, the very
moment that they arrived, Liv.; principio anni statim res turbulenta?, there
was great disorder at the very beginning of the year, Liv.
Itatio, onis./ L A standing still. 2. A place in which to stand still,
a station (where anything, even ships, can remain safely), an abode, a rest
ing place. 3. A military post, a station for sentinels, etc 4. (InpA)
The body of sentinels or guards, the picket stationed at a post : pone re-
compositas in statione comas, rearrange your hair and put it in its place, Ov. ;
in statione manus . . . paravi, I placed my hands readv in a firm posture,
Ov.
atiSvus, a, nm. adj. (Of a military post, camp, etc.) Stationary; n. pi. as
sulst., a fixed, stationary, or permanent camp,
st&tor, oris. 1 . A magistrate's attendant, an officer of a court. 2. (As
an epith. of Jupiter) One who stops flight, one who supports.
atatna, as./ A statue.
Jstataarius, a, nm. adj. Belonging to statuary ; m. as tubs!., a statuary
•tatumen, Inis. n. A stay, a prop, a rib of a ship.
508 STA — STE
statuo, is. ui, u turn. v. a. To put, to place, to set, to station. 2. To act
up, to raise, to erect, to build, §to plant (a tree), to pitch (a camp). 3.
To fix in the mind (i. e. to think, to believe, to be of opinion). 4. To
resolve, to determine. 5. To appoint, to fix, to establish, to ordiiin :
Caesarem obsecrare ccepit ne quid gravius in fratrem statuerem, he began to
entreat Ceesar not to adopt a severe decision against his brother, Cas.
statura. sb. / Stature, h.-ijit.
status, a, um. part. pan. fr. sisto, q. v. (esp. of time). Fixed, appointed :
•latum sacrum or sacrificium, a sacred ceremony or sacrifice taking place
always on the same stated day, Cic, Or.
status, us. ra. 1. A standing, a position, an attitude, a posture. 2. State,
condition, situation, rank, posture (of affairs). 3. (In rhetoric) The
state or statement of the case: regum status decemriris donabamur, the
dignity of kings was placed at the mercy of the decemviri. Cic; aninium
perterritum loco saspe et certo de statu demovet, it often unsettles and al
together unhinges the terrified mind, Cic
Stella, as./. 1. A star. 2. §A constellation : Stellas errantes, planer),
Cic; Stella comans, a comet, Ov. j ubi .... cinget gemmos Stella Serena
polos, when his calm light (that of the setting sun) touches both sides of
heaven, Ov.
stellans, antis, and stellatus, a, am. adj. 1. Starry. 2. Adorned
with spots like stars, spotted, variegated (of the tail of a peacock, a spotted
lizard, etc.): stellatus Argus, Argus with eyes like stars all over him, Ov.:
stellatus jaspide fulva ensis, a sword with the hilt studded with ruddy
jasper, Virg.
§stelllfer, era, enun. adj., and §stelUger, era, ernm. adj. Surry.
stellio, dnil. m. A spotted lizard.
Jstemma. atis. n. A pedigree, a genealogical table.
stercoro, as. v. a. To manure with dung.
stereos, oris. n. Dung, manure.
sterilis, e. adj. 1, Barren, sterile, unfruitful, unproductive. 2. §Cvu-
ing barrenness, making unproductive. 3. Useless, fruitless, producing
no advantage : amicus sterilis. a friend from whom nothing is to be cot,
Juv. ; sterilem sperando nutrit atnorem, she cherishes by hoping on a lore
which produces him no fruit, an unrequited love, Ov.
stenlitas, atis./ Barrenness, sterility, unproductiveness.
gsternax, acis. adj. That throws down (of a horse that throws his rider).
sterno, is, stravi, stratum, v. a. [o-roafVrv/u.] 1. To spread out, to ex
tend, to stretch out. 2. To scatter on the ground, to strew, to lay down :
•ternunt corpora passim, they lie about on the ground in every direction,
Li v.; sternimur optatas gremio telluris, we lie down on the bosom of the
wished for land, Virg,; hoshumi strati, we lying on the ground, Cic; vi-
ridi membra sub nrbutn stratus, lying (lit. stretched as to my limbs)
beneath a green arbutus, 1 1 or. 3. To spread out flat, to smoothe, to
level, to calm, to tranquillise : stratum silet squor, the calmed sea ceases
to roar, Viryr. ; stratis militum odiis, having pacified the fury of the soldiers,
Tac 4. To strew, i. e. to cover by strewing (a couch, etc, with counler-
panes), to arrange, to prepare (a couch, a table, by putting a cloth on it,
etc.) : eos non sternere .... poterant, they could not saddle them (the
horses), Liv.; terram cast stravere juvenci, the slain bullocks strewed or
covered the ground, Virg. 5. To lay down, to pave (a road) : locum
ilium sternendum locare, to issue a contract for paving that >pot, Cic.
6. To throw down, to prostrate, to overthrow, defeat, rout, conquer (armies
or enemies), to demolish (walls, cities, etc), to slay (often sterno morte,
csede, etc.) : torrens stemit ngros, sternit sata lasta, the torrent levels the
fields, beats down the rich crops, Virg.; mortalia corda Per sentes humilis
stravit pavor, fear has crushed the hearts of men throughout the nations,
Virg.
tternuo, is, ui, no sup. v. n. and a. 1. (v. is.) To sneeze, to splutter (u s
candle). 2. (o, o.) To give (an omen) by sneezing.
 STE — STI 509
rternutamentum, i. n. A snoozing.
f itterquilinium, i. it. A dunghill.
Iterto, is. ui, no sup. v. n. To snore.
Stheneleius, a, urn. I. Of Stbenelus, the father of Eurystheus : Sthe-
neleins hostis, jour enemy, the ton of Stbenelus, i. e. Eurystheus, Or.
2. Of another Sthenelus, the father of Cycnus : Stheneleia proles, Cycnus,
Ov. ; in volucrem corpus Stheneleida venom . . . dolet, grieves that his
body is changed into a swan, Or.
'stigma, atis. n. [o-Ti-yjua.] 1. A brand, a mark, a mark of disgrace, a
stigma. 2. A cut in shaving.
stigmatias, s. m. A branded slave.
itilla, as. / A drop.
Btilllcidium, i n. [stella cado.] Liqnid falling drop by drop (esp. rain
tilling from the roofs and eaves of houses).
itillo, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To drop, to drip, to trickle down.
2. To let drop, to let fall, to distil.
stilus, L m. 1. (Rare) A stake, a pale. 2£A fork or spud to root out
weed* with. 3. ( Rare) A stem, a stalk [in qua oratione . . . ut in herbis
rustici solent dicere] . . . inest luxuries quaedam qua; stilo depnscenda est,
there is a degree of luxuriance which mutt be weeded out with a fork, or
which mast be fed down so as to reduce the plant to a single stalk, Cic.
4. (The most usu. sense) A steel pen for writing on waxen tablets, having
one end sharp to write with, the other blunt to erase with: sepce
stilum vertas, often change, i. e. use the other end of your pen (to erase
what you have written), Hor. : stilus exercitatus, a practised pen, a habit
of writing, Cic. 5. Style (of composition).
Jstimulatio, onis. f. Excitement, impulse.
stimulator, oris, to., \f. stimulator, icia. One who stimulates, who in
stigates.
itlmulo, as. r. a. 1. To goad, to vex, to annoy, to torment, to disquiet
2. To stimulate, excite, rouse up, spur on, instigate (c ad and ace, or c. ut
or ne and subj.).
stimulus, i. to. 1. A goad for driving cattle, slaves, etc. 2. An an
noyance, a vexation : stimuli doloris, the stings of pain, Cic. 3. A
stimulus, a spur, an excitement, an incentive, an inducement. 4. A
pointed stake fixed beneath the surface of the ground to check the advance
of enemies.
tsstinguo, is, nxi, nctum. v. a. To extinguish.
stipatio, onis. f. A closely packed crowd, a numerous retinue.
ttipator, oris. n. An attendant on a great man ; iu pi. a retinue, a suite, a
tram.
stipendiarios, a, urn. 1. Liable to contributions, tributary. 2. Re
ceiving pay (as soldiers) : vectigal stipendiarium, a fixed yearly contribu
tion in money, Cic. ; to. as subst., esp. in pi., a tributary, a person or
nation bound to pay tribute.
•tlpendium, i. n. [slips pendo.] 1 . A tax, imposition, tribute of money :
quod me roanet stipendium ? what punishment awaits me ? Hor. 2.
The pay of a soldier, stipend : stipendia merere, or facere, to earn pay, i. e.
to serve a campaign, Cic, I.iv. ; tempus est jam opulenta vos et ditia sti
pendia facere, , . . hie dignam mercedem emeritis stipendiis dabit It is
time now for you to make a rich and profitable campaign . . ., here for
tune will bestow on you a reward worthy of the campaigns you have already
served, Li v.; (generally) emereri stipendium, means to complete the time of
military service, to serve out one's time ; nemini spes emerrndi stipendia
ademta, no one is deprived of his hope of obtaining his discharge at the
completion of his time of service, Liv. 3. Military service, a campaign:
ut quisque minims uiulta stipendia habere!, according as each had served
the fewest campaigns, Liv. ; animum tanquam emeritis stipendiis libidinis
ambitinnis . . ., for the mind, having completed, as it were, its full time
in the service of lust, ambition, etc, Cic.
510 STI — STO
stipes, Itis. m. 1. A stake, a pott. -J. The trunk of » tree. 3. §A
tree. 4. A blockhead. 5. X A branch.
stipo, as. v. a. 1. To crowd together, to press close, to compress. 2.
To pack, to pack up, to pack closely : stipare Platens Menandro, to pack
up Plato's works with those of Menander, Ilor. 3. To fill full : curia
cum patribus fuerit stipata verendis, when the senate-house » fall of
Teneiable fathers, Ov. 4. To surround, to attend, to accompany : nss-
todium gregibus circum se stipat euntem, she surrounds herself as she goes
with a dense crowd of guardians. Prop.
stips, stipis. /., not found in num. nor in pi. A small gift in money, a
small pecuniary contribution.
stlpula, as. /. 1. The stalk or blade of corn, (or of other things, as)
beans, rushes, etc 2. Stubble, straw.
stlpulatio, onis. f. ■. and dim. stipnlatinusinja, m.f. A promise, agreement,
engagement, stipulation.
Btlpiilor. aril. v. dep. To require a promise, to stipulate for, to demand an
agreement, to bargain for : stipulata pecunia, a sum of money premised,
Cic.
stiria. as. /. An icicle.
stirpltus. adv. By the roots, utterly.
stirps, is./ 1. (The lower part of the trunk of a tree, including die
root) A stem, a stalk, a trunk, a root, 2. A shoot, a plant. J.
(Metaph.) A stock, a race, a family, lineage. 4. A scion, i. e. off
spring, progeny. 5. Source, origin, cause, foundation : nondum exoleti
stirpe gentis, the original character of their race not being yet went onf,
Lir. ; quod apes ab stirpe necatsu viderat, because he bad seen his bees
wholly destroyed, Virg.
stiva, se. / A plough handle.
Jstlatarius, a, am. adj. Bought in a shop, i. e. foreign, costly.
§ltlopptu, i. m. The noise of a slap on an inflated cheek.
sto, as, steti, statnm. e. «. 1. To stand, to stand still: moans jam
stabant, the walls now stood, i. e. were now built, Ov,; pulvere ealnm
stare vident, they see the heavens thick (as we say, standing) with dost,
Virg., Hor. ; nee steterunt in te virque paternue metis, nor has any husband
or father of mine stood in arms against you, Ov. 2. To stand firm, to
last, to stick fast, to be immovable : disciplina .... qua stetit ad lane diem
Romana res, discipline, by which Rome has hitherto been preserved, Li'.;
per quos homines ordinesque steterim.... non ignorat, by what men sad
by what orders of men I have been supported and saved yo« are snsstt,
Cic; [you said] sine provincial stare non posse, that he could not be saved
from ruin unless a province was allotted to him, Cic 3. To stand
about, to loiter: diu pugna neutro inclinata stetit, for some time the fate °>
the battle wavered without inclining to either side, Liv. 4. To make s
firm stand, a firm resistance, to stand criticism, (and therefore) to please
(as a work, an author, etc.). 5. To be stationed (of an army, fleet,
ship, etc). 6. To stand on end, to bristle up (ae the hair of • frgn*-
ened person, etc.). 7. To persist in, persevere in, abide by, sdhere
firmly to (opinions, etc.) (c. in and abl. or c abl.) : vero stans, a person
who sticks to the truth, Liv.; Hannibal, postquam ipsi sententis stetit
pergere ire, Hannibal, as soon ns he himself had made up his mine to
advance, Liv.; (as imperi.) Stat casus renovate omncs, I determine sgain to
encounter every chance, Virg. 8. (c. ab or cum and abl.) To sdhere
to (a person or party), to take the part of: cum Dii props ipti *•■
Hannibale starent, when, one may almost say, the Gods themselves were so
Hannibal's side, Liv. 9. (c. per and ace.) To depend upon, te s»
owing to : jubebat ostenderent prioribus proeliis per duces non per mints'
Itetisse ne vincerent, he bade them show that in the previous battles then"
defeat had been owing to the generals, not to the soldiers. Lrv, lv- *°
stand one in, i. e. to cost (c. abl. of the price) : baud ill i stabunt Mm*
parvo hospitia, the friendship of iEaeas will have cost him dear, Virg.
 8TO- STR 511
Stance, adv. Like a Stoic, Stoically.
Sttlcus, a, tun. adj. [o-roo.] Of the Stoic sect, Stoic, Stoical; m. a* suutt.,
a Stoic philosopher.
■tola, m.f. [o-toAj).] A long robe reaching to the andles (a mark of effe
minacy if worn by a man).
{stolatus, a, um. Wearing a stola : stolatus Ulysses, a Ulysses in
petticoats (of Livia), Suet; stolatus pudor, modesty befitting a matron,
Mart.
stollde. adv. Stupidly, stolidly.
atolldua, a, m adj. 1. Dull, stupid, stolid. 2. Inoperative (of a
•MBS*)*
stomachor, iris. v. dep. 1. To be irritated, angry, indignant, vexed
(sometimes c. ace. of the object or cause). 2. (c. cum and abl.) To
quarrel with.
stomachose. adv. Angrily, pettishly.
stomachosus, a, um. adj. I, Irritable, ill-humoured. 2. Angry,
vexed.
itomachna, i. m. [<rro>a;r;os.] ] ■ The gullet. 2. The stomach : ludi
non tui stomach), the games were not to your stomach, not such as you
have sv stomach, i. c a taste for, Cic. 3. Irritability. 4k Irritation,
displeasure, anger.
stdrea, ae. f. A straw mat, a rush mat
strabo, onis. m. A person who squints.
itrkges, is./, fsterno.] 1. A throwing down, a throwing to the ground,
an overthrowing. 2. An overthrow, a defeat 3. Slaughter, blood
shed.
•tragulus, a, um. adj. To be spread, put on as a covering (as bedclothes,
etc): vectis stragula, a counterpane, Lit.; —n. as subst., a counterpane, a
coverlet 2. JA horsecloth.
stramen, Inis. sv Straw, litter.
stramentum, in. 1. Straw, litter. 2. A straw bed. 3. (In pi.)
Thatch. 4. A rug, a counterpane, a coverlet
stranuneus, a, um. adj. Made of straw, thatched with straw.
strangnlo, as. v. a. I. To throttle, to choke, to strangle. 2. To vex,
to torment
stranguria, ae. /. Strangury.
strategema, atis. n. [0-700x^77)^10.] A stratagem, a piece of generalship;
(metaph.) • manoeuvre.
stratus, a, um. part, past, fr. sterno, q. v. I. («. as tubal.') A coverlet.
2. (More usu.) A bed. 3. A horse-cloth, a saddle, housings : strata
viarum, the streets, Virg.
strenne. adv. Strenuously, vigorously, energetically, boldly.
strenultas, atis.yl Energy, vigour, promptness, activity.
strenuus, a, um. 1. Strenuous, energetic, active, vigorous, brave. 2.
{Unquiet, restless. 3. Proceeding vigorously, swift (of a ship) : stre-
nua nos exercet inertia, a busy idleness occupies me, Hor.
strepito, as. v. it. To make a loud rustling noise.
strepitus, us. m. A loud noise, a din, a crash, a rattle, a clatter, a noise of
many voices, a bang (of a door, etc.), {the sound of a musical instrument
strepo, is, ui, Hum. v. a. 1. To sound, to make a loud noise, to rattle, to
rustle, to bang, to roar, to ring (of arms). 2. To resound (as a place,
etc., with a noise). 3. (Once as v. a.) To vociferate, to holloa out
strictim. adv. [stringo.] Slightly, superficially, briefly, in a summary
manner.
stricture, as. /. A bar of wrought iron, a mass of iron.
■trictus, a, um. parr. pass. fr. stringo, q. v.; used also as adj., c compar. etc
1. Drawn close, closed, narrow (of a door or entrance). 2. Drawn (of a
sword) : inter se strictas consernere raanus, they joined in battle with drawn
swords in their hands (lit brought hands armed with drawn swords
into conflict), Ov. 3. Stripped off, gathered (of leaves, etc), brief,
 512 STE — STU
e-ncise : strict* matntino frigore vulnera, their wound* made pamfal by ths»
momiiiu cold. Lit.
Itridco, e-. and Itrldo, U, di, no rap. r. a. To hiss, to whistle, to creak.
Stridor, 6ris. m. 1. A hissing, whistling, creaking, grating sound, to*
triiniprting of an elephant, the roaring of wind or sSjotsm
^stridulus, a, uffl. adj. Hissing, creaking, rattliira, roaring,
itrigllii, is. /. (ync itriglis. Jov.). A 6esh comb, a icraper used in a hath.
str~gosus, a, urn. adj. Lean, lank, scragcy; (luetaph.) meagre (of stylet,
atringo, U. mxi. ictum. v. a. 1. To draw tight, to bind tight, to bind.
2. To touch (lightly, to unit. 3. To pall off, to strip off (leaves from
trees, etc). 4. To draw (a sword). 5. To wonnd (esp. metaph. the
mind, etc.) : animum pairite strinxit pietatis imago, the idea of bis father's
love for him penetrated his mind, Virg.—iSee strictua.
-Hsstringor, oris. m. The touch.
Itriz, strigis./. A screech owL
tttrSpha. »./. [«t/w^t).] A trick, a quibble.
strSphium, L a. [<rTp6pioy.] A girdle worn by women just below the
brrast*.
Itraetor, oris. m. 1. A builder. 2. JA carver at dinner.
structura, ft. f. 1. Structure, a mode of building. 2. A building.
3. Arrangement (of words), structure of a sentence: ssraric structural,
copper mines, or mining works in copper mines, Cass.
Struotus, a, urn. part. pass, from struo, q. v.; n. pi. as nisi. Saiorum struct*,
buildings of stone, stone walls, Lucr.
■tnei, is. /. 1. A heap, a pile, a dense mass (even of people). 2. §A
heap of little cakes, ns an offering to the gods.
struma, sa. /. Scrofulous tumour, a wen.
Jstrumosus, a, um. adj. Having a wen, scrofulous.
struo, is, zi, ctum. r. a. 1. To heap up, to pile up, to build up. 2. To
build, to raise, to erect : strneremque suis altaria donis, and I would load
his altar with (or heap upon his altar a pile of) appropriate offering*, Virj,
3. To put together, to make to prepare. 4. To arrange, to put in proper
order, to regulate, to marshal in order : sua sponte struebatur acies, the
soldiers of their own accord ranged themselves in order of battle, Liv.
5. To contrive, to plan, to devise, to invent, to cause (esp. something inju
rious to some one) : quid strait? what is he intending to do? Virg.
Strymonius, a, um. adj. 1. Of the Strymon, a river in Thrace. 2.
Thracian : Strymonis, aThracinn woman, i.e. an Amazon, Prop.
■tudeo, es, ui. v. a. 1. To be eager, to be zealous, to desire eagerly, to
labour enrnestly (c ace ore. infill., most usu. c. dat). 2. To be zealooi
for, to favour (a party, etc., c dat.) : uiiuin studetis, you have but one
object. Cic. ; cum intelligeret otnncs fere Gallos novis rebus stndere, whea
he found that nearly all the Gauls were desirous of a revolution. Cass.
3. JTo apply oneself to study, to study (sine c): ab parvulia Iabori ac d iuritiei
student, from their childhood they are inured to toil and hardship, Cass.
Btudiose. adv. Zealously, eagerly, earnestly, diligently.
studiosus, a, um. adj. 1. Kager, earnest, very desirous (c. gen-). 2.
Very fond of, partial to, eager to promote the interest of, attached to
(c. gen.). 3. Assiduous, zealous, diligent. 4. Studious, fad of
learning.
Itudiam, La. 1. A busying oneself about anything, teal, earnestness,
diligence, energy. 2. Gonilnrill, affection, zeal for the interests of,
attachment to (c. in and ace.). 3. Party spirit, partiality : illiquid
studio partium facere, to do anything out of party spirit, Cic 4. A
laliour, an occupation, a pursuit. a. Application to literature, study;
O s<-rii snulioruin, 0 ye who have taken ti study too late, Ilor. ; utoinnr'i
intellijunt me non studio accunare, sed officio deleudrti*, that all men any
- pi-rreivu that I am not saying thin out ol a d, sre to accuse him, but m-the
diiiiM.iirgu of my duty an del. ndiug my client, Cic
•tulte. adi\ Foolishly, stupidly.
 STU-SUB 513
stultitia, as./ Folly, foolishness, stupidity.
stultus, a, am. adj Foolish, stupid, silly.
stupefacio, I*, feci, factum, pass, -no, fls, etc. v. a. To stupify, to render
stupid or senseless.
stupeo, es, ui, and stupesco, is, no sup. v. n. and a. 1. (tj. «.) To be
stupified, to be struck senseless. 2. (Esp.) To be stupified with as
tonishment, astonished, astounded, amazed (c. sib)., or c. in and abl., or c. ad
and ace.). 3. To become motionless (even of things, of the wheel of
Ixion, etc.). 4. (§tj. a.) To be astonished at, to marvel at, to admire
(c. ace.) : qui stupet in titulis et imaginibus, which gazes in stupid admi
ration at men with titles and with images of noble ancestors in their houses,
Hor.
stfipidltas, atis./ Stupidity, stolidity, folly.
stupidus, a, urn. adj. 1 . Amazed, astounded. 2. Stupid, dull.
stupor, oris. m. Stupor, stupefaction (esp. that produced by surprise), as
tonishment amazement.
stuppa. as./ Tow, flax, oakum.
stuppeus, a, am. adj. Made of tow, of flax, of rope : stuppea namma
manu spargitur, burning tow is scattered about by the hand, Virg.
stupro. as. r. a. To seduce, defile, debauch, ravish.
stuprum. i. n. 1. Defilement, violation, seduction, rape. 2. Adultery:
una Clytffimnestnc stuprura vehit, one (vessel) carries the paramour of
Clyteemnestra, Prop.
sturnus, i. m. A starling.
styrax, acis. m. [o-rifpaf.] Storax, a resinous gum.
Stygius, a, um. adj. Of the Styx, the most celebrated river of Hell. 2.
Of Hell: Stygia cymba, Charon's boat, Virg.; Stygius Jupiter, Pluto,
Virg.; vi soporatus Stygia ramus, a branch rendered soporific with deadly
power, Virg.; corpora . . . Stygia dimittite nocti, 6end his body down
to the night of the shades below, i. e, to death.
guadela, as./. Persuasion.
suadeo, es, si, sum. t>. a. 1. To advise, to counsel (c. dat. pers., ace. of
the measure, dat. pers., or c at and subj. ; §rare c. ace. pers. and infin.).
2. To induce, to impel (as a motive, etc.) : suadentque cadentia sidera
somnos, and the descending stars warn us that it is time for sleep, Virg.;
3. To recommend, to speak in favour of, to advocate (a proposed law, a
motion, etc.).
Suada, ae./ The Goddess of Persuasion.
auasio, onis./ 1. The recommendation or advocacy of a proposed mea
sure. 2. A persuasive style of eloquence.
suasor. oris. m. An adviser, an advocate (of a measure), a recommender.
■f-suasus, us. m. Recommendation, persuasion.
Jsuaveolens, entis. adj. Sweet smelling, fragrant.
+SsuavIdJcus, a, um. adj. Sweet spoken, agreeable.
suaviloquens, entis, and -loquus, a, am. adj. Sweet spoken, eloquent,
agreeable.
suaviloquentia, ee.f. Sweetness of speech, winning eloquence.
g suaviolum, in. A little kiss (rare).
suavior, aris. v. dep. To kiss.
sua vis, e. adj. 1. Sweet, pleasant, agreeable, delightful. 2. Kind,
courteous.
suavltas. atis./ and suavltfldo, Inis./ Sweetness, pleasantness, agree-
ableness.
suaviter. adr. Pleasantly, agreeably, with pleasure: quid agis dulcissime
rerum ? suaviter ut nunc est, how are you, my dear fellow ? pretty well as
times go, Hor.
snavium, L n. A kiss : meum suavium, my darling, Ter.
sob. prep., c. abl. and c. ace. 1. (c. abl.) Under, below, beneath, under
neath. 2. Below, at the foot of (a mountain, etc), just in front of.
3. During, at the time of: volet hssc sub luce videri, this one will prefer
i. ;.
 514 SUB
to be Men in the light, Hor. ; bee* quaa . . . viator jam tab hot rdiquit,
torcbe* which some traveller has left still just alight, Or. 4. (c. ace,
after a verb of motion towards) Under, below, beneath. 5. Close up
to. 6. (Of time) Close to, towards, just before : sob galli cactnm, at
cockcrow, Hor. 7. (Of time ) Close after, immediately after : sub hoe
herns . . . inquit, on this the master said, Hor.
Bnbabsorde. adr. Rather absurdly.
subabsurdns. aJj. Rather ridiculous.
subaccuso, as. r. a. To accuse in some degree, to blame slightly.
l&bactio. onii. f. T e bringing into order, training to subjection.
sub&ctus. a. tun. part. pott. it. subigo, q. t.
subagTestis, a. adj. Rather clownish, rather boorish.
subalaris, e. adj. That is carried under the arms.
sfibamirus. a, am. adj. Rather bitter.
subairogmnter. aoY. Rather haughtily.
subausculto, as. r. a. To listen secretly, to play the eaTesdropper.
subdebiiltatus, a. tun. adj. Rather discouraged.
Subdiffldlia, e. adj. Rather difficult.
iubdiffido, is. flans stun. r. a. To be somewhat distrustful.
tubdltiTUS, a, on. adj. Supposititious, spurious, counterfeit.
+JsnbdIto, as. r. a. To furnish, supply, provide.
sabdo. is. dldi, ditum. r. a. 1. To pat, place, by, or set under: modo
subdit aquis (se>, sometimes she plunges beneath the waters, Or.; subdit
calcaria equo, he sets spurs to his horse, Liv. ; vidi . . . Veneris vinciis
subdere colla senem, I hare seen an old man put his neck under die
yoke of Venus, Tib. ; Plutonis subdita regno, brought under (i. e. subject
to) the authority of Pluto, Tib. 2. To furnish, supply, afford: u
risus stimulos animo subdidit, that laugh added a stimulus to (w irritated)
her mind, Lie. 3. To substitute : (in locum) me subditum . . . appel
lant, they call me a supposititious child, Lie. 4. JTo forge, to counter
feit.
snbdoeeo, M, ui. ctnm. r. a. To teach aa an assistant; in past-, to be
taught by an assistant tutor.
snbdole. adr. Cunningly, deceitfully.
snbdolua. a, nm. adj. Cunning, tricky, deceitful, artful.
sabdublto, as. r. a. To doubt slightly, to entertan a slight doubt.
snbduco, is, xi, ctnm. r. a. 1. To draw up, pull up, lift up, raise. 2.
(Of ships) To draw up on land. 3. To draw off, to withdraw, to canst
(troops) to retreat 4. To remove, to take away. 5. To steal (c dat
person from whom>. 6. To cast up, to reckon, to calculate : qua se sab-
ducere colles incipiunt, where the bills begin to let themselves down (i. e.
to slope down gradually), Virg.; se subdncere ab ipso vulnere visa fera est,
the beast appeared to get out of the way of the wound (i. e, of the weapon
which would have wounded him), Or.
subductio, onia. / 1. (Navis) A drawing up on shore, 2. A reckon
ing.
subdural, a, nm. adj. Rather hard.
sisubedo. is, edi. esom. r. a. and a. 1. (r. a.) To eat away below.
aubeo. is. ivi, itnm. r. a. 1. To go under, into (c in or ad and arc,
fie. dat. ). 2. To advance, to go on, to go forward. 3. (c. ad sud
ace.) To approach, to draw near to (and §c dat.). 3. To succeed, to come
after (sine c or c dat.) : ne subeant herbss, that herbs may not spring up,
Virg. 4. To come on secretly, to steal on. 5. To occur (to the mind),
(sine c, or as r. a. c. ace.): subiit cari geuitoris imago, the image of my dear
father presented itself to me, Virg.; subit ira cadentem ulcisci patriam,aa
angry desire presents itself to me to avenge my fallinz country, Virg-:
dulcedo legis ipsa per se . . . . subibat animos, the agreeableness of the law
of itself made an impression on their minds, Liv. 6. (r. a.) To come
under (a roof), to enter (a house), to plunge beneath (water). ". To
come up to (i. e. to attack). 8. §To come upon, to come to, to perrade.
 SUB 515
9. To succeed (as a successor). 10. To undergo, to submit to, to take
upon oneself (labour, pain, etc.); pats, as impen.: subitum est ei re-
migrare, it has occurred to him (or he has determined) to return, Cic
•fiber, iris. n. The cork-tree.
subhorrfdus, a, tun. adj. Somewhat rough, roughish.
siiblgo, is, egi, actum, v. a. 1. To bring down, to subdue, to tame.
2. To bring into subjection, into order (land, the mind, etc.), to cultivate,
to till. 3. To compel.
r&bimpudens, entis. adj. Rather impudent.
sfibinanis, e. adj. Somewhat empty, rather vain.
stbinde. adv. 1. Immediately after, just after. 2. Now and then,
from time to time, continually.
snbinsulsus, a, tun. adj. Somewhat tasteless or insipid.
ifibinvideo, es, vldi, visum, v. a. (c dat.). To be somewhat envious of, to
envy a little.
subinvito, as. r. a. To give a slight invitation to.
subirascor, eris. iratus sum. v. dep. (c. dat,). To be a little angry.
suMtarius, a, um. adj. Made suddenly, collected suddenly, etc.
subito. adv. Suddenly, unexpectedly : subito ssepe dicere, often to speak ex
temporaneously, Cic.
subltus, a, tun. adj. Sudden, unexpected : subitus miles, soldiers collected
in baste on an emergency, Tac. ; «. as subst., a sudden occurrence, an
unexpected event or crisis.
subjecte. adv. Submissively.
sabjectio, onis./ 1. A placing or bringing under. 2. A substituting
(one will for another), forging. 3. An annexing, subjoining. 4. An
answer added by a speaker to a question which he has himself just asked.
subjecto, as. v. a. 1. To place under. 2. To throw up from below.
subjector, oris. m. One who substitutes (see subjectin, 2), a forger.
subjectus, a, um. part. pass, of ceq. q. v.; also as adj., c. compar. etc 1.
Placed under. 2. Lying close to, near, adjacent, bordering on (c dat,).
3. Liable to, subject to, exposed to.
subjlcio, is, jeci, jectum. r. a. (c. ace of the immediate, dat. of the more re
mote object). 1. To throw, lay, place, or bring under. 2. To throw
out from under, to throw up : quantum vere novo viridis se subjicit alntis,
as much as the green aldertree throws itself up (i. e. shoots up) at the be
ginning of spring, Virg. ; corpora saltu subjiciunt in equos, they throw their
bodies with a spring (i. e. they spring) upon their horses., Virg. 3. To
substitute (esp. that which is spurious for that which is genuine), to forge,
to put forward unfairly, to suborn. 4. To bring before (an idea before a
person's mind), to submit. 5. To subject, to make subject, to place in
subjection. 6. To make subordinate to ; in pass, to be subordinate to,
to be comprised under (sometimes c. sub and ace. ): sub metum subjects sunt
pigritia, pudor, terror, remissness, shame, terror, are all comprised under the
one idea of fear, Cic. 7. To add, append, annex, subjoin : vix pauca
furenti subjicio, I scarcely add a few words in reply to her frenzied speech,
Virg.
subjungo, is, nxi, nctum. r. a. (c. ace. of the immediate, dat. of the more
remote object). 1. To join to, to annex, add, affix. 2. To yoke, to
harness. 3. To submit, to place in subordination to. 4. To bring
under, subject, subjugate (often c. sub and ace). 5. +§To place under
(as a foundation) : puppis .... rostro Phrygios subjuncta leones, the ship
having figures of Phrygian lions attached to its beak, Virg. ; atque hajc per-
cussis subjungit carmina nervis, and she sings this song as an accompaniment
to the strings of the lyre which she touches, Ov.
sublabor, eris, lapsus sum. v. dep. To glide on (as time), to glide or pass
away (as hope), to glide down, to descend.
' sublate. adr. 1. In a lofty strain, loftily. 2. Arrogantly, proudly,
sublatio, onis./. A lifting up, elevation, exaltation,
sublatus, a, um. part. pass. fr. tollo. q. v. ; alio as adj., c. compar. etc 1.
t.i. a
516 SUB
Lifted up, railed up, railed on high. 2. § Educated, brought np. 3.
Elated, exulting, proud. 4. Taken away.
sublego, is, legi, lectum. v. a. 1. To gather from below, to gather up.
2. To overhear. 3. To elect as a substitute (c in locum and gen.).
sublevatio, Snis./. A lightening, alleviation, relief.
sublevo, as. r. «. 1. To lift up from beneath, to raise up, to hold np.
2. To sustain, support (any one in misfortune), to comfort. 3. To
lighten, to relieve, to alleviate, to mitigate (evil, suffering, etc).
sublica, ae. /. A stake, a post, a pile; in pi. (esp.), piles for a bridge.
lublicius, a, am. adj. Wooden, resting on piles : sublicius pons, (esp.) the
wooden bridge over the Tiber built by Anais.
subllgaculum, i, and ^subllgar, iris. n. A waistband of drawers, drawers,
breeches.
subllgo, as. r. a. To bind below, to tie on, to gird on : subligatus, with
drawers on, Mart.
sublime, adv. 1. On high, up in the air. 2. §In sublime style.
sublimis, e. adj. 1. Uplifted, high, lofty, exalted, elevated : campique
armis subllmibus ardent, and the field glows with uplifted arms, Virg.; os
hsmini sublime dedit, he gave man a face looking upwards, Ov. 2.
(Metaph.) Lofty, exalted, aspiring (of the mind, etc.). 3. (Metaph.)
Elevated, sublime (of poetry, style, etc.); n. as most., height ; Sottas na
ture in sublime fertur, sound is naturally borne upwards, Cic
Jsub.Tmitas, atis./ Loftiness (of style, etc), sublimity.
inbluceo, es, xi, no sup. r. n. To shine a little, to gleam faintly, to he
somewhat bright, to glimmer.
Bubluo, is, ni, latum, v. a. To wash, to wash the foot of (as a river docs
of a mountain).
sublustris, e. adj. Giving a faint light, glimmering.
submergo, is, si. sum. r. a. To sink beneath, to submerge.
•ubmlnistro, as. r. a. To furnish, to supply, to give, to afford.
submisse. adv. 1. Humbly, submissively. 2. Gently, quietly.
submissio, onis./. A letting down (the voice, etc), a lowering, a sinkiitf.
submissus. a, am. part. pats. fr. seq. j also as adj. c compar., etc 1. Low,
stooping low. 2. Gentle, calm, lowered (of a voice, etc), quiet (of style,
etc.). 3. Mean, grovelling, abject. 4. Humble, submissive.
submit to, is, mlsi, missum. v. a. 1. To send forth from below, to raise
or lift up, to cause to spring up, to put forth, to produce. 2. To place,
put, or set ander. 3. To rear, to bring up : crinera barbamque tabavrt-
tere, to let their hair and beard grow, Tac 4. To let down, to lower
(sometimes esp. to lower the voice), to let fall, to sink, to drop : ndhortttui
. . . ne ad minores calamitates animos submitterent, he exhorted them not
to let their spirits sink at lighter misfortunes, Liv. 5. To send secretly,
to send quietly. 6. (c dat. peri.) To send as a successor to. 7. To
subject, to submit: sibi destinatum in animo esse, Camillo submitter* ba-
perium, (they said) that they had made up their minds to put the whole
power in the hands of Camillus, Liv.; animos submittere anion, to let her
spirit yield to love, Virg. 8. §To put down, to check : inceptum fnutrs
submitte furorem, cease your anger which has been begun without saute,
Virg, 9. Submitte me, to lower oneself, to condescend.
submoieste fero. I am somewhat annoyed, Cic
submolestus, a, um. adj. Rather vexatious.
tsubmoneo, es, ui, Itnm. v. a. To warn privately, to give a secret hint to.
submorBsus, a, um. adj. Somewhat peevish.
Bubmotor, oris. m. One who puts (people) aside in order to made room :
submotor aditus, the lictor who made way for people to approach the
Roman governor, Liv.
submoveo, es, mdvi, motum. v. a. 1. To drive away, to remove. -.
§To ward off. 3. To remove out of the way (as an officer removes people
to make room for others), to clear away. 4. To withdraw, to keep oat
of the way (c abL or c. ab and abl.) : submoto incesserunt, as soon as rosn
 SUB 517
hid been cleared for them they advanced, Liv. : non . . . consularis sub-
isovet lictor miseros tumultus mentis, the lictor of the consul (i. e. the rank
of consul) cannot drive away the sad disquietude of the mind, Hor.; ut
ii . . . magnitudine pcense maleficio submoverentur, that those people . . .
night be kept from crime by the severity of the punishment affixed to it,
Cic ; maris urges submovere littora, yon are diligent in removing
further off the shores of the tea. (by building piers, dams, etc.), Hor.
sn.binu.to, as. v. a. To change, to substitute.
subnascor, eris, natus sum. v. dep. To grow up beneath.
mbnecto, ea, xui, xura. r. a. 1. To bind or tie under, or beneath (c.
ace. and dat.). 2. To fasten below, to fasten.
subnego. as. r. a. To deny faintly, to half deny.
subnixus, a, um. adj. 1. Supported by, resting on (c. abl.). 2. Re
lying on, depending on : mentum mitra crinemque madentem subnixus,
bound under his chin and reeking hair with a turban (i. e. with a turban
bound under his chin and hair reeking with unguents), Virg. ; non videbo
Ap. Claudium et Q. Fulvium victoria insolente subnixos, I will not see
Ap. Claudius and Q. Fulvius exulting in their unaccustomed triumph, Liv.
t subnoto, as. v. a. To mark secretly, to observe quietly.
Ssubnuba, se. f. A female rival in marriage.
rubnubllus, a, um. adj. Rather cloudy, somewhat overcast.
subo, as. r. n. To be at heat.
subobscenus, a, um. adj. Rather indecent
subobscuras, a, um. adj. Rather obscure.
subodiosus, a, um. adj. Rather vexatious, rather odious.
suboffendo, is, di. rum. r. a. To offend slightly.
suboles, is. f. Offspring, progeny, issue: Roma; suboles, the Roman youth,
Hor.
subolesco. is, no perf. r. n. To grow up.
subdlet. impers. Subolet mihi, I have an inkling, Plaut.
t jsuboiior, eris, ortus sum, in fin. -oriri. v. dep. To spring up, to arise.
suborn o, as. r. a. 1. To fit out, provide, equip, adorn. 2. To incite-
or instigate secretly, to subom.
+ ;subortus, us. m. A rising or springing up.
subrancidus, a, um. adj. Somewhat tainted.
subraucus, a, um. adj. Rather hoarse.
subrectus, a, um. pari. pass. fr. subrigo. Uplifted.
subremlgo, as. v. n. To row along, to row on.
subrepo, is, psi, ptum. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To creep along, to steal on,
to advance imperceptibly. 2. (v. a.) To creep under, to approach (c
ace.), to steal imperceptibly over (as sleep steals over the eyes), (c dat.).
subrideo, es, si, sum. v. n. To smile gently.
subrldlcule. adv. Rather ridiculously, or humourously.
subrigo, is, rexi, rectum, v. a. To lift up, to raise up, to prick up (one's ears).
subringor, iris, no perf. v. dep. To make a wry face, to be a little vexed.
subripio, Is, ui, reptum (sync. pi. perf. suspueram, and imper. pi. susplte,
Hor. ). r. a. To take away secretly, to pilfer, to steal : qua? me surpuerat
mihi, which stole away my senses (lit. which stole me from myself), Hnr.;
crimina sunt oculis subripienda patris, our crimes are to be concealed from
the eyes of our father, Ov.; virtus qua; nee eripi nee subripi potest, virtue
which can neither be taken from one by force nor by stealth, Cic.
subrogo, as. c. a. To cause to be chosen in the place of another, to elect as
a substitute, to substitute.
subrostrani, drum. pi. m. People who hang about the restrain, loungers.
subrfibeo, es, ui (no sup.), v. n. To be reddish.
subruo, is, ui, utum. e. a. 1. To tear down, throw down, pull down,
batter down, demolish. 2. To undermine. 3. To corrupt, seduce
(by bribes, etc )
subrusticus, a, um. adj. Rather clownish, not very polished.
subscrlbo, is, psi, ptum. v. a. 1. To write underneath or below (c. dat.
LL 3
518 SUB
of that beneath or at the bottom of which ; sometimes esp. the censor wrote
down his reason for censuring or degrading any one) : si quasret Pater
Urbium subscribi statuis, if he wishes to have the inscription "The Father
of his City" engraved on the pedestal of his statue, Hor. 8. To write
down, to subscribe, to sign. 3. (Because a prosecutor signed the accusa
tion) To accuse, impeach, prosecute (c. in and ace. pen., c quod and subj.
of the deed imputed): quia parricidii causa subscript* efltet, because it
was a charge of parricide that had been brought, Cic. 4. To subscribe
to, i. e. assent to, agree with, approve of (c. dat).
subscriptio, onis. f. 1. Anything written under, or beneath (esp. a sub
scribing or signing a bill of accusation, or a writing down by the censor of
his grounds for a censure of any one). 2. A list, a register. 3. JA
signing, a signature.
subscriptor, oris. m. One who signs a bill of accusation.
Bub&ecivus, a, am. atlj. What remains over: subsecira tempore, leisure
hours, Cic. ; quae arripui . . . subsecivis operis, ut aiunt, which I hare
taken up as extra work as they say, Cic
subseco, as, ui, tectum, r. a. To cut under, to cut away, to cut off.
subsellium, i. n. 1. A seat, a bench (esp. a judge's seat, the bench). 2. A
court of justice (usu. in pi.) : rem ab subselliis in rostra detulit, he trans
ferred the cause from the courts of law to the assemblies of the people, Cic:
versatus in utrisque subselliis, having had practice both in public and
private causes (or pertiaps, as prosecutor and counsel for the defence), Cic.
f subsentio, is, ai, sum. r. a. To perceive secretly, to have an inkling of.
subsequor, eris, secfltus sum. v. dep. 1. To follow close after, to
follow, to pursue. . 2. To follow (i. e. happen after, to ensue). 3. To
follow (i. e. to imitate, to copy, to follow the example of).
tsubservio, Is (no pcrf.). v.m. 1. To be subservient to. 2. To comply
with, to humour (c. dat.).
Bubsidiarius, a. urn. wlj. Belonging to a reserve, forming a reserve; rn.pl
as sitl'st., a body of reserve, of troops in reserve.
lubsidium, i. a. 1. Troops Btationed in reserve in the third line, the
triarii. 2. A body of reserve, a reinforcement. 3. Aid, assistance,
help, support.
■ubsldo, is, sedi, Bessum. r. «. 1. To sit down, settle down, crouch
down, sink down. 2. To subside, to fall, to abate ( as floods, winds,
etc.): extremus galea ima subsidit Acestcs, the lot of Accstes remained
at the bottom of the helmet, and was the last to be drawn, Virg.; sub
sidit digitis, it sinks beneath, i. e. yields to the pressure of hit fingers,
Ov. 3. To stop, to halt. 4. To remain, Btay, settle, abide. 5.
To lie in ambush, to lie in wait : devictnm Asiam subsedit adulter, the
adulterer lay in wait for the conqueror of Asia, Virg.; juvat ut liirres
subsiderc cervis, so that tigers may bo willing to lie down with deer,
Hor.
*subsignanus. a, urn. adj. Serving under the standard, kept close to the
standard as a reserve.
Bubsigno. as. v. a. To set down in a list, to register.
subsilio. Is, ui. sultum. v. n. To leap out, to leap up, to come up (as dice).
Bubsisto, is, Stlti. v. n. 1. To stop, to halt, to stand still; (of tilings) to
stop, to cease. 2. To make a stand, to make a stand against, to with
stand, to resist (c. dnt.), (twice (Liv.) c. ace). 3. To lust, to continue.
to subsist: quod neque ancorrc funesque suhsistcrent, because the anchors
and cables could not hold out, Caes. ; non subsistere sumptui possem, I
could not stand (hold out against or support) the expense, Cic.
subsortior. Iris. r. dep. To choose by lot as a substitute.
Bubsortltio, onis.,/". A choosing n substitute by lot.
^substantia, as. /. Essence, substance: sine substantia facultatum, without
any considerable property, Tac.
substerno, is, str&vi, stratum, v. a. 1. To strew, spread, lay or scatter
under or beneath : substratus Numida moituo Romano, the Numidun
 SUB 519
lying under the dead Roman, Liv. 2. To cover (by spreading some
thing over). 3. To place under, subject to (c. dat. of that under
which).
substituo, is, ui. Hum. v. a. 1. To bring under, to bring close to :
snbstitueratque animo speciera qnoque corporis amplam, he had represented
to his (own) mind an imposing stature, Liv. 2. To substitute, to put
in the place of (c in locum and gen., sometimes c. dat.).
tsubsto, as. r. n. To stand firm, to be firm, to hold out
substringo, is, inxi. ictum. v. a. 1. To bind beneath, to bind, to tie
up. 2. To restrain. 3. To pick up (one's ear) : substricta gerena
ilia, with his flanks tucked up (of a dog), Ov. ; substricta crura, their
spindle shanks, Ov.
rubstructio, onis./ A foundation, a building or work underground.
substruo, is, xi, ctum. t>. a. 1. To build as a foundation, to build the
foundation of. 2. To pave.
subsum, subes, etc. (see sum), v. n, 1. (c. dat.) To be under, to be be
neath, to lie beneath, to be exposed to. 2. To be close at hand, to be
near. 3. To exist.
subsutus, a, am. adj. Trimmed at the bottom.
subtemen, Inis. it. 1. The woof, the weft. 2. Thread (sometimes
esp. the thread of the Fates).
snbter. prep., c. abl., or after a verb of motion to, c ace. Under, below, be
neath, underneath, close under, close up to.
subterfugio, Is, fiigi, ffigltum. t>. a. To avoid secretly, evade, escape,
shun, shirk (c. ace).
subterlabor, eris, lapsus sum. v. dtp. To glide beneath, to flow below
(c. ace.).
subterraneus, a, um. adj. Subterranean, underground.
t jsubtertenuo. as. r. a. To make thinner at the bottom.
subtexo, is, ui, xtum. v. a. 1. JTo weave at the bottom of, to join to,
to subjoin, to add, to append. 2. To draw in front of as a veil :
patrio capiti bibulas subtexere nubes, to draw clouds full of moisture
before the face of her father the sun (of Circe), Ov.; (by a change of
construction) coelum subtexere fumo, to cover or veil the heaven with
smoke, Virg. 2. To put together, to compose (poems, etc.): familiarem
originem subtexuit, he wove into his work an account of the origin of
different families, Nep.
subtilis, e. adj. 1. Thin, slender, delicate. 2. Delicate, exquisite
(of taste, etc.). 3. Precise, exact, accurate. 4. Over precise, fine
drawn, too refined, subtle. S. (Of style) Plain, precise, unadorned.
subtllitas, atis. f. 1. Exceeding delicacy, excessive precision, accuracy
or definiteness. 2. Subtlety, nicety, acuteness. 3. Plainness, ab
sence of ornament.
subtiliter. adv. 1. Finely, minutely. 2. Closely (of a connection).
3. Acutely, with precision, with minute accuracy, with subtlety or exact
ness of definition. 4. In plain unadorned language, with simplicity of
style.
subtimeo, es, ui, no sup. v.n. To be a little afraid.
subtraho, is, xi, ctum. v. a. To draw off, carry off, remove, withdraw,
take away (c. ab or ex and abl. or c. dat.). 2. subtraho me, to
withdraw (from a place), to abandon (a habit), (c. ab and nbl. or c. dat.):
subtrahiturque solum, and the sea beneath the vesBel gives way under
their strokes, Virg. ; Furium .... fortuna bello subtraxit, fortune kept
Furius from the war, Liv.; subtrahente se quoque, as everyone drew off
(excused himself from having set the report afloat), Liv,
fsnbtristis, e. adj. Rather sad, rather melancholy.
snbturpis, e, and subtuiplculus, a, um. adj. Somewhat mean.
subtus. adv. Underneath, beneath, below.
jsubtusus, a, tun. adj. Somewhat bruised.
snbflcula, 83./ A shirt.
LL 4
 SUB— SUC
tBUOa.*./ AnawL
kabwrrs, «. ''. The uce of a street in Rome, in the Esquiline district,
where the chief market l'x provisions was.
WniTUiu. a, urn. «*i7_ Of the nm( S'iburra, of the Esquiline HilL
subaxbAalta*. aUS./. Nearness to the city of Rome.
tabaxbaaas. a. on. «»y. Suburban, close to the city ; a. as »&d_ a su
burban viiia. an estate in the suburbs ; a. pi as smttL, the inhabitants of
the towns near Rome.
stunt biam. U A suborn.
jsuburtreo. es. si. no sap. r. a- To drive towards, to drive close to.
sabvecao, onis. /_, and Crabreetus. as. Carrying, transporting, conveyance.
rubveeto. as. r. a. To convey, to bring, to carry, to transport.
labTtho, is, xi. Ctam, r. a. To bri^g, to convey, to carry, to transport.
snb-venio, is, Tini, leutum. r. a. I. (c. dat.) To come to the assist
ance of. to come as a reinforcement. — To aid, to assist, to soccoor.
X To relieve, to remedy (an ctU)l 4. (In pais.) To be supplied sub
sequently : unde ant initio aununo reneri dari potaisaent, ant postea sob-
Teniri ? whence could they hare either been given at first to mankind, or
supplied subsequently ? Cic; as itmpm., priusquam Carthagine subveniretar,
before any assistance could come from Carthage, Lit.
rabvereor, ens, itus ram. dep. To be rather afraid.
~rabrtrS4r. oris, m. An overturaer. a subverter.
robverto. is, ti. ram. r. «. 1 . To torn upside doom, upset, overtnm.
2. To subvert, nt an end to, destroy, to ruin. 3. To annul, to cancel.
rabTexUa, a, VOL adj. Sloping npwzrds.
rabTolo. as. r. a. To fly upwards.
rabvolYO. is, Ti, Tolatam. r. a. To roll on, to roll along.
-HraceaTB*. a, urn. mij. Hollow below.
succedo. is. cessi. cessum. r. «. 1. To go under, to come or pass under,
to enter (a house, etO (C dat, Terr rarely c ace): rogantea corpora....
Redderet ac tumulo sineret snecedere terrse. entreating him to give back
the bodies and to alUw them to be buned (tit. to go under a grave or
mound of earth), Yin:. : succedoque oneri, and I place myself under rny
burden, Virg. 2. To approach ( c dat.). 3. To climb, to mount,
to ascend (c ace. e in and ace) : alto succedere ccelo, to rise up to the
high heavens, Virg. ; aspicit in terete* lignum succedere sons, she tees
wood grow up over her smooth legs. Ov. 4. To proceed, advance, much
forward. 5. To come on in the place of, to be successor to, to succeed
(c dat pen. or c in and ace of the place, or c dat. of the office). 6. To
follow, to succeed (in point of time. c. datA 7. To succeed, to turn out
well, to be successful (most usu. of things, but also of persons) : ad alteram
partem succedunt Cbii, on the other side the I'bii come next. Cm.; post,
impers. : non solum quod tibi succederetur, not only because a successor to
you was appointed, Cic ; nolle successum non patribos, non consulibus, they
were unwilling that the senators or the consuls should meet with success,
Liv.
suecendo, is, di. ram. r. a. 1 . To set on fire from below, to set on fire.
2. ( §Metaph.) To kindle, to inflame.
succenseo. es, ui, sum. r. a. To be angry (sine c or e dat, of the object).
tsuccentureatus, a, tun. adj. Received as a recruit into a century.
successio. onis./! A succeeding (in office or property), succession.
Successor, oris. as. A successor (in office, or property, or in point of time).
raccessus, a, am (very rare), part pass. fr. succedo. That, has succeeded :
cum omnia me* causa velles mihi successa, as you wished that I ought
succeed in everything for my o»-n sake, Cic.
successus, us. m. 1. An advance, an approach, 2. Success, good
fortune.
raccldia, re. /. A leg of pork, a flitch of bacon.
§succIdo, is. eldi r. n. [cado.] To fall down.
raccido, is, di, ram. r, a. [csedo.] To cut down, to cut oil
 SUC— SUF 521
tsuccldus, a, um. adj. Juicy, greasy.
Ssucclduus, a, nm. adj. Falling.
succinctus, a, nm. pari. pass. fr. succingo. 1. Girt, girt up : nimbo snc-
cincta, with a cloud around her waist, Virg. 2. §Girt up for, i. e. pre
pared, ready (c dat). 3. Surrounded. 4. SjActive. S. JSuc-
cinct, concise, brief: quatuor juvenes ferro sncciucti, four youths with,
swords concealed beneath their garments, Liv. ; succincta comas pinus, the
pinetree with its leaves compact and close to the stem, Or.
succingo, is, nxi, nctum. o. a. 1. To gird, to gird tightly up. 2. To
surround.
succino. is, ui. v. n. To sing after, to chime in.
Jsucclnum, i. n. Amber.
'succinus, a, um. adj. Of amber.
succlamatio, onis./: A crying out, an exclamation.
succlamo. as. r. a. To cry out, to shout after (some one else has spoken).
succontumeliose. adv. Rather insultingly.
succresco, is, evi, no sup. r. n. 1. To grow up. 2. To grow up after
(so as to supply the place of), to succeed (c dat.).
succrispus. a, um. adj. Somewhat curled, a little curled.
snccumbo, is, ciibui. itum. v. n. 1. To fall down, sink down, lie down :
vidit Cyllenius omnes succubuisse oculos, Mercury saw that all eyes had
sunk down in sleep, Or. 2. To yield, to submit : qui Cannensi ruins:
son succubuissent, who had not sunk under the disaster of Cannae, Liv.
Buccorro, is, ri, rsum. v. a. (c dat.). 1. +§To run or come under. 2.
To hasten to the assistance of, to aid, assist, help, succour. 3. To
occur (as an idea occurs to the mind). 4. (Very rare) To encounter
(evils).
succus, L m. 1. Juice, sap. 2. §A liquor, a draught. 3. (Metaph.)
Vigour, strength, energy, vivacity.
+.SSUCCUSSUS, fts. m. A shaking.
Ssucciitio. Is, cussi, cussum. r. a. To toss up, to toss about, to shake.
suculae, arum. pi./. The constellation Hyades.
siidarium, Li. A towel, a napkin.
*sudatrix, icis.y'. That causes perspiration.
sides or sudis, is. / A stake, a pile.
sudo, as. r. «. and a. 1. (». a.) To sweat, to perspire. 2. (Metaph.)
To drip, to be wet (of the thing, or of the moisture that comes from it).
3. To labour, to exert oneself violently. 4. (t>. a.) To exude, to distil.
5. +To make or acquire with great exertion.
sudor, oris. m. 1. Sweat, perspiration, 2. §Any liquid (the sea,
poison, etc.). 3. Hard labour, toil, severe exertion : creditur habere
sudoris minimum, it is thought to have very little difficulty, Ilor.
sudus, a, um. adj. (in pure Latin, only in ueut.). Clear, cloudless, tranquil;
». as tubtt., a clear sky, fine weather.
t§>ueo, es, and suesco, is, suevi, suetum, issue. t>. n. To be accustomed,
to be wont, to be used (c. dat. or c. infin.).
suffes, etis. m. The name of the chief magistrate at Carthage.
tsuffarclno, as. v. a. To stuff out, to cram.
suffero, fers {ste tollo). v. irr. To support, to bear, to endure.
sufilcio, Is, feci, fectum. c, a> and n. 1. (v. a.) To impregnate, imbue,
tinge, suffuse : eos excursionibus sufficiendo .... assuefecerat, by exer
cising them in sallies and skirmishes, he had accustomed them . . . ., Liv.
2. To supply, furnish, provide. 3. To substitute, to elect or appoint in
the place of (c. in and ace. of the place, more rarely c dat. pers.), to elect.
4. (v. n.) To suffice, to be sufficient: nee nos obniti contra sufficimus, nor
are we able to strive against it, Virg.
snffigo, is, xi, xum. v. a. To fasten beneath, to fasten, to fix (c. dat. or c.
in and abl.).
Ssufflmen, Inis. *., and sofflmentum, i n. Incense for fumigation,
suffio, Is, Ivi, itum. r. a. 1. To fumigate. 2. t§To warm.
522 SOF-SUL
*sufflamen, Ini». n. 1 . A clog, a dragchain. 2. A hinderance, an im
pediment.
•ufflo, as. r. a. I. To blow. 2. To inflate. 3. fTo boast, to puff
oneself up.
suffoco. as. v. a. To strangle, stifle, choke, suffocate.
Buffodio, Is, fddi, fossum. r. u. 1. To dig under, to nndermine. 2.
To stab, to pierce. »
suffragatio, 5nis./ I. A Toting. 2. A voting for a person: suffra
gatio consulates, a voting for a person's being consul.
suffragator, oris. m. 1 . A voter. 2. A voter for a person, a partisan
nf a particular candidate.
suffragatorius, a, urn. Of a vote in favour of a person, recommendatory.
suffragium, in. 1 . A vote, a suffrage. 2. A vote, i. e. the right of
voting. 3. A favourable opinion, approbation.
suffragor, aris. t>. dep. 1 . To give a vote. 2. (Esp.) To vote for (a
candidate), c. dat. 3. To favour, to approve of.
suffringo, is, fregi, fractum. r. a. To break.
suifugio, is, fiigi, fttgltum. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To flee away. 2.
(». a.) To avoid, to escape.
snrFugium, i. n. A place of shelter, a refuge (c. dat or c. gen. of that from
which).
•f §suffulcio, Is, si, turn. v. a. To prop up, to support, to sustain.
suffundo, is, ffkdi, fusum. v. a. To pour over, to spread through, to suffuse :
suffunditur ora rubore, she is suffused as to her countenance (i. e. her coun
tenance is suffused) with a blush, Ov. : sequabili calore suffusus ather, the
air penetrated with an equal warmth, Cic. ; animus malevolentia suffosas,
the mind penetrated (i. e. thoroughly filled) with malice, Cic
*suifuscus, a, am. adj. Brownish.
BUggero, is, gessi, gestum. v. a. 1. To put under, to pile np under. 2.
To heap up, to pile up. 3. To bring, to give, to furnish, to supply, to
suggest (a reason, etc.). 4. To add : Bruto statim Horatium suggerunt,
they place Horatius next immediately after Brutus, Liv. ; Druso ludus est
snggerendus, some trick must be put upon Drusus, Cic.
suggestum, i. »., and suggestus, us. m. 1 . A raised place to speak from
a platform. 2. Any elevated place or seat.
suggrandis, e. adj. Largish.
Jsuggredior, eris. gressits sum. v. dep. 1. To approach. 2. To at
tack.
Bilgillatio, onis./". 1. *A bruise. 2. An affronting, insulting.
sugillo, as. r. a. 1. :! To beat, to bruise. 2. To insult, to affront.
SQgo, is, xi, ctura. v. a. To suck.
sui, gen., slbi, dat.. Be ace. and abl. (sometimes sibimet, semet, etc., and
fsepse ; in ace. often doubled, sese ; abl. when governed by cum joined
with it as one word) secum, of both numbers and all genders. Of himself,
herself, itself, themselves (referring to the nom. to the verb): [he said]
se deum esse, that he was a god, Liv. ; (before suus, or with the verb volo,
sibi is sometimes used superfluously), [wondering] quidnam sibi repenunos
clamor vellet, what the sudden uproar meant, Liv. ; suo sibi gladio nunc
jugulo, I kill this man with his own sword, Ter. ; nunc tihi videtur esse
apud sese ? does he seem to you to be in his senses ? Ter. ; ut veniam ad se
rognt, he begs me to come to his house, Cic.
■uillus, a, um. adj. Of pigs, of swine.
sulco, as. v. a. To cut furrows through, to furrow, to plough (lit. and me-
taph., of a vessel ploughing the sea or of wrinkles furrowing the face, etc).
sulcus, In. 1 . A furrow (lit. and mctaph., of the track of a vessel in the
sea, of a comet in the air, etc.). 2. A ditch, a trench.
sulfur, firis. «. 1. Brimstone, sulphur. 2. ^Lightning.
Jsulfuratus, a, um. adj. Impregnated with sulphur.
sulfureus, a, um. adj. Sulphureous, impregnated with sulphur.
Bullaturo, is. r. ... To play the part of Sulla.
 SUM 523
ram, ea, foi. v. pen. 1. To be, to exist. 2. To be (in a place), to re
main. 3. To happen, to be the fact, to be true. 4. (<•. cum and
abl.) To be the wife or mistress of. 5. (c ad and ace.) To arrive at.
6. Est qui (c indie, or subj.), some one: sunt quos curriculo pulverem
Olympian, collegisse juvat, some people delight to collect the dust of Olympia
in a chariot, Hor. 7. (In the per/, tense) To have ceased to be : fu-
imus Troes, fuit. Ilium, we are no longer Trojans, Troy no longer exists,
Virg. 8. (In 3rd per», sing, or pi., c. gen. or c. dot.) It belongs to : est
mihi namque domi pater, for I have a father at home, Virg.; quorum summa
est auctoritas, who possess the chief authority, Cic. 9. (In 3rd sing, as
impers., c. gen.) It is the duty of: est adolescentis majores natu vereri, it
is the duty of a young man to respect his elders., Cic.
.sumen, Inis. a. 1. An udder (esp. of a sow). 2. A pig.
summa, 89. f. The main thing, the chief point, the principal matter, the
total amount, the sum : summa belli, the general issue of the war, Liv. ;
summa reipublicse, the general interests of the republic, the public safety,
Cic. ; discrimen summa; rerum, the fact of their all being in danger, Liv. ;
quorum ad arbitrium judiciumque summa omnium rerum, consiliorumque
redeat, to whose judgment and decision every thing and every plan is re
ferred, Cses.; non in summa exercitus tuenda, not as regarded the preser
vation of the main body of the army, Cses.; summa imperii, summa rerum,
the chief authority, Cies., Cic; ad huic summam totius belli deferri, that to
him the supreme command of the whole war was entrusted, Caes.; summa
victoria?, the whole credit of the victory, Cses.; ad summam, on the whole,
in short, in a word, Cic, Hor.; in summa, in all, Cic.
fommatim. adv. Summarily, briefly, compendiously : a me cognosces sum-
matim, from me you shall learn just the heads of the news, Cic.
fvsummatus, us. mi. Chief power, supremacy.
summe. adv. In the highest degree, exceedingly, excessively.
summopere. adv. With all one's might, or heart, exceedingly, excessively.
summergo, summotor, summoveo, etc.—See subm.
lummas. a, um. superl. fr. superus, contr. fr. snpremus, but not always quite
the same in usage. 1. Uppermost, highest, topmost : summus Deus, the
supreme God, Ov.; summa voce, at the top of one's voice, Hor. ; suinmus
ego, 1 was at the top of the table, Hor.; is sermo qui ... a summo adhibi-
tur in poculis, that conversation which at drinking parties is introduced
by the president, Cic. 2. Last, latest, final, at the end, at either ex
tremity of anything; stipites ab summo pneacuti, stakes sharpened at the
end, i. e. at the bottom, Cass. ; f>ul. a summo inflexum bacillum, a staff
bent at the top, Cic. ; summa delibans oscula, kissing the tips of his lips,
kissing him gently, Virg. 3. Highest in rank, most distinguished, most
excellent, most honourable, most eminent, most illustrious. 4. Greatest
in degree, quality, or importance : suminum bonum, the chief good, Cic;
summa respublica in hujus periculo tentattir, the general welfare of the
state is at stake in this man's danger, Cic; quo res summa loco ? in what
condition are affairs in general? Virg.; summo reipublicre, at a most
critical period of the republic, Cic; cum quibus erat ei de suminis rebus
dimicandum, with whom he had to fight for all he held dear, Nep. ; socium
suminis adjungere rebus, to take me as your companion in the greatest enter
prises, Virg. ; summus crticiatus, the greatest extremity of torture, Cses.
ad summum, and summum, as adv. At most, at the utmost, at the out
side, at furthest : §summum, for the last time.
sumo, is. mpsi. mptum. v. a. 1. To take, to lay hold of, to tike up
(lit. and metaph.): bellum cum VeientibuB sumptum, a war taken up (or
begun) with the people of Veii, Liv.; sumptis inimicitii", having taken up
the quarrel, Cic. 2. To conceive, to acquire, to derive (a feeling, etc) :
tantos sibi spiritus sumpsemt, he had acquired so much pride, ('as. 3.
To exact (punishment) (c. ez or de and abl. pen.). 4. To choose, to
select. 5. To assume, to appropriate, to take as one's own, to ndopt
children (rare), to arrogate. 6. To employ, to apply to a purpose : ubi
524 SUM — SUP
inU'llexit frastra tantron laborem mini, when he perceived that all the exer
tion was employed to no purpose. Cam. 7. (In discussion) To take for
granted, to uirau (a point). 8. To brine; smsjatd (aa am iaatance).
9. To procure. t» bay.
sumptio, om«. / A premiss taken for granted, an assumption.
iumpenaxiua. a. TO. adj. Of or relating to expense, sumptuary.
sujnptudsw. idir. Sumptuously, expensively.
snmptmosns. a. as. adj. 1. Costing much, expensive, sumptuous. 2.
Expensive in one'* habits, extravagant.
snmptroSL, u. m. Expense, coat, charge.
no. is. mi, istsm. r. «. To sew, to tew together, to join or pot together :
per aerea suta, through the joints of his brazen armoar.
sllOTstaarilia, un. pi. m. [sua. ovis. taurus.] A sacrifice consistiBg of a
swine, a sheep, and a boil, offered esp. at lustrations.
sftpellex, ectilij. f. Household stntf, household furniture : noris qaam sit
tdbi euro supellex. learn how ill-furnished your mind is. Pen.
smper. attv. and prrp.^z- ace. orabL I. (a*ir.) Above, on the top, thereupon.
-. Moreover, besides : satis superque, enough and more than enough, Hor.,
Cie.; ao super quam satis est. more than enough, Hor.; super quam quod
dissenserunt a ronsilio, besides that they had disapproved of his intention,
Lit. 3. Remaining, over and above : nee spes ulla super, nor is there
any hope left, Virg. 4. if For desuper) From above. 5. ( prep. c. ace)
Over, above, on the top of. upon, on. 6. Beyond (of either place or
quantity), besides, in addition to : qni alii super alio* trucidentur, who are
put to death in heaps one upon the other, Liv.; super omnia, above all,
especially, Virg., Ov., Lav. 7. (c. abl) Above, on (very rare in prose 1
8. j In. during: noete super media, at midnight, 9. About, concerning,
respecting.
laperabllia. ». adj. 1 . That may be got over or surmounted (aa a wall >.
2. That may be conquered, subdued, overcome. 3. ^Curable.
isaperaddo. is, dldi. dltum. r. a. To add besides, to add.
superator, iris. m. A conqueror.
stlperbe. adv. Proudlv, haughtily, arrogantly.
•iperbia. an./ 1. Pride, haughtiness. 2. §A high spirit
isuperblldqn.en.tia, be./. Haughty speaking.
superbio. is. r. «. 1. To be haughty or proud. 2. To take pride in
(c. abl ., or c quod and sulj. ). 3. §To be (uperb, to be splendid.
superbus, a, tun. adj. I. Haughty, proud, arrogant, insolent. "-.
Delicate, fastidious. 3. Superb, magnificent, splendid.
•fipercHium, i. a. 1. An eyebrow. 2. (Metaph.) A brow (of a hill,
etc), a ridge. 3. Superciliousness, arrogance, disdainfulness.
s&peremlneo, es, ni, no sup. c. a. To be conspicuous above, to tower
above.
superficies, ei./ 1. tA top, a surface. 2. (What is placed upon the
ground, and rises above it, as a building, tree, etc., but esp.) A building
(esp. in respect of the ground it covers).
luperfixus, a, urn. adj. Fastened above, fixed on the top.
Buperfluo, is, xi, znm. r. ». 1. To overflow. 2. To be extravagant,
redundant (of style, etc.).
■fiperfundo, is, fudi. fusum. r. a. 1. To pour in, on, or over (lit and
metaph.) : hostes superfusi, the enemy pouring upon him in numbers, Liv.
2. To overwhelm : superfundens lanitia, extravagant joy, Liv.
i supergredior, eris, gressus sum. c. dep. To go beyond, to surpass, t»
excel.
superimmlneo. es, ni. no sup. r. a. To liang over, to threaten.
tiiuperimpendens, entis. adj. Overhanging.
Ssuperimpleo, es, evi, etmn (in tmesi implentur super), r. a. To fill to
overflowing.
^erimpSno, is, posui, positum. v. a. To place (one thing) upon (aos-
t), to place above.
 SUP 525
guperincido, is, di. >-. «. To fall from above.
superincubo, as, and superincumbo, is, cubui. v. n. To lie upon.
superingero, is, gessi, gestum. v. a. To heap upon, to pour down (as the
sun pours down his rays).
sfiperinjicio, Is, jeci, jectura. v. a. To throw on or over.
superinsterno, is, stravi, stratum, v. a. To strew or spread over.
superior. — See superus. superius. adv. Above, higher,
siperjacio, is, jeci, jectum. v. a. 1. To throw upon or over. 2. To
exaggerate : scopulosque superjncit unda, and covers or overtops the rocks
with its waves (but some read nudum, throws its waves over the rocks),
Virg.: superjecto pavidas natarunt requore damse, the timid deer swam
about in the sea spread over the land, Hor.
superlatio, onis. / Exaggeration, hyperbole.
superlatus, a, um. part. pass. fr. superfero. Exaggerated (description, etc).
superne. adv. From above, upwards, above.
supemus, a, um. adj. 1. High, lofty. 2. Standing on high ground.
3. Supreme, celestial (of deities) : superna minor, I am changed as to the
upper part of my body, Hor.
supero, as. r. a. and ». 1. (v. a.) To overtop, to be above, to surmount,
to rise above, to climb, to go beyond, to pass. 2. To be superior to, to
su rpass, to excel. 3. To overcome, defeat, conquer. 4. (t>. n, ) To
be excessive, to be superabundant, to abound. 5. To be left over and
ubove, to remain, to survive : ariluo montis per deserta jugo superans, pas
sing the lofty and desolate tops of the mountain over the highest ridge, Virg.;
levi superabat retia saltu, she leaped over the nets with a light bound, Ov.
fsuperobruo, is, ui, utum. v. a. To overwhelm.
superpendens, entis. adj. Overhanging.
superpono, is, posui, positum. v. a. 1. To place (one thing) on or
over (another, c. ckt., of the more remote object). 2. To place in com
mand of (c. in and ace).
superscando, is, di, Bum. v. a. To climb over, to climb.
supersedeo. is, sedi, sessum. v. a. To refrain from, to desist from, to give
up, to omit (c. abl., more rarely c. infm. or +c. dat.): pass, impers.: cum
bodie litibus supersederi eequum sit, as it is tilling that on this day we
should abstain from quarrels, Liv.
*superstagno, as. v. n. To spread out into a lake.
auperstes, ltis. adj. Surviving, remaining or existing after a person's death
(often c dat., more rarely c. gen.).
supers tltio, onis. f. 1 . Superstition. 2. An object of awe (esp. of
religions awe).
superstitiose. adv. Superstitiously.
superstitiosus, a, um. adj. 1. Superstitious, full of superstition. 2.
^Prophetic, having prophetic power.
supersto, as, stiti, no sup. r. «. To stand upon, over, or above (c dat. or
§c. ace.).
superstratus, a, tun. adj. Strewed or spread on or over, lying above.
s&perstruo, is, xi. ctum. v. a. To build on, over, or above.
supersum, es, fui (see sum), v. n. 1. To be over and above, to be left re
training, to remain, to survive (c. dat.). 2. To be abundant, super
abundant, amply sufficient in quantity : modo vita supersit, provided my
life be long enough, Virg. 3. To be excessive, too great
jsi pertego. is, xi, ctum. v. a. To cover over.
^superurgens, entis. adj. Pressing from above.
superus, a, um, compar. superior, superl. supremos contr. summus, q. v.,
adj. 1. That is above, upper, higher, celestial (when opp. to earthly),
on earth (when opp. to the shades below); m. pi. as suits/., the Gods
above; «. jii. as stiUt., the upper regions, the heavens. Cump. superior.
1. Upper, higher. 2. Previous, preceding, former : ex superiore et ex
inferiore scriptura docendum, he must explain by what has been written
above, and in what is written afterwards, Cic; superior Africanus, the
526 SUP
elder Africanus, Cic 3. Superior, better, more distinguished, more
powerful, having the advantage (in any respect). Supcrl. sapremus.
1. The highest, topmost, loftiest. 2. The highest in rank, most exalted,
supreme. 3. Last, latest (esp. of death) : supremum sapplicium. the
punishment of death, Cic; supremum carpere iter, to tread the path of
death, i. e. to die, Hor. ; supremi ignes, the fire of the funeral pile, Ov.;
ore supremo, with his dying breath, Ov.; n. sing, as adr^ for the last time;
n. pi. as sulirt., the last honours, the last offices (burial, etc).
i&pervacaneus, a, um. adj. Superfluous, unnecessary : supervacaneum
opus, the employment of one's leisure hours, Cic
sfipervacuus, a, um. adj. 1. Superfluous, unnecessary, needless. 2.
That from which one derives no benefit.
auperv&dt), is, si, sum. v. a. To go or climb over, to surmount.
aupervehor. eris, vectus sum. v. past. To go, ride, or sail over or by.
supervenio, Is, veni, ventum. r. « . and a. 1 , (r. n.) To come up or
upon, to come, to arrive, to come in addition (often c dat.). 2. (r. a.)
To come over, to cover. 3. To come after, to follow (of things coming
in succession).
* superventus. lis. m. A coming up, an arrival.
supervolo, as, and stipervoUto, oa. r. n. To fly over (sometimes as v. a. c
ace).
supinor , aria. r. pass. To lie on one's back : supinatw glebae, the soil turned
up or thrown on its back by the plough, Virg.
aupinua, a, tun. adj. 1. Bent backward, thrown backward, lying on one's
back: ccelo supinas si tuleris marius, if you raise your hands with upturned
palms to heaven, Hor.; supinus jactus, a throwing or shooting upwards,
Liv. 2. Going up or back to its source, retrogade (esp. of a river, etc),
supinum carmen, a verse that can be read backwards and forwards in the
same metre, Mart. 3. Sloping, situated in a slope. 4. Supine, neg
ligent, remiss, careless. 5. JWith the head thrown back, haughty.
suppar, aris. adj. Nearly equal.
suppedltatio, onis./". A supply, an abundant supply.
suppedlto, as. v. n. and a. I. (r. ».) To be fully supplied, to be abund
ant : cui si vita suppeditavisset, and if he had lived long enough, Cic;
nee consilium nee oratio suppeditat, I have neither ideas nor language st
command, Liv. 2. To be sufficient, to suffice (c. ad or in and ace of
the object). 3. To be fully supplied with, to have enough of, to be rich
in (c abl.) 4. (v. a.) To supply, to furnish, to provide in abundance,
to give in ample quantity.
tsappetiffi, aram. ;>',/ Aid, assistance.
suppetior, aris. v. dep. To come to the aid of, to aid, to assist.
anppeto, is, Ivi (plusg. per/., suppetisset, Liv.). v.n. (very rare except ia
3rd sing, or pi., or infiii. ). 1. To be at band, to be present, to be is
sufficient quantity. 2. To be equal to, to correspond to (c. dat.): nee
consilium sibi suppetere dicebat, he said that he had no plan ready, that no
plan occurred to him, Liv.
inpplanto, aa. r. a. 1. To throw down. 2. To trip up: tenero stip-
plantor verba palato, he pronounces his words mincingly, with soft voice,
Pers.
snpplementum, i. n. That which fills up, makes complete (esp. a reinforce
ment), a body of recruits to supply vacant places in a legion : per ctunm
supplementi ab exercitu discedit, he quits the army in order to get rein
forcements, Cses.
suppleo, es, evi, etum. r. a. To fill up, to complete, to make complete, to
raise (legions) to their full complement ; inania mcenia supple, people my
empty city, Ov.
supplox, Ids. adj. [sub plico.] Begging on bended knee, suppliant, entreat
ing humbly, submissive, supplicatory (sometimes c dat); m.f., as »«W.,
a suppliant.
anppHc&tio, onia./ A public prayer or supplication (either of thanksgiriog
 SUP-SUE 527
or of humiliation, in consequence of some public events, sometimes in
honour of a victory, as a compliment to the general).
suppllciter. adv. Suppliantly, beseechingly, submissively.
lupplleium, i. n. 1. Supplication (to the Gods), public prayer. 2. An
entreaty, a petition (to men). 3. Punishment : snpplicium capitis, ulti-
mum supplicium, supremum snpplicium, capital punishment, Cic, Tae
nippllco, as, avi, atnm. v. a. To humble oneself in entreaty to, to entreat,
to beseech, to supplicate (c dat. pers.)
supplodo, is, si, sum. v. a. To stamp (pedem).
supplosio, onii. /. A stamping.
suppcenitet, nit. v. impers. To repent a little, to be somewhat vexed (c ace
pers.. gen. rei ).
inppdno, is, posui, positum. v. a. 1. To put, place, or set under (c dat.
of the more remote object): suppositi jugo, placed under (i. e. harnessed to
the yoke (bulls), Ov. ; supponere terra vipereos dentes, to sow (lit. to place
beneath the earth), the viper's teeth, Ov. ; fratrem supposuit tumulo, she
buried her brother, Ov. ; neque falcem supponat aristis, and let him not
apply the sickle to the corn, Virg. 2. To substitute (c dat. or in locum):
criminibus illis pro rege se supponit reum, he puts himself in the place of
the king to answer those charges, Cic 3. To substitute falsely, to
counterfeit, to forge : supposita de matre, born of a mother substituted
unfairly for the proper one, of spurious race, Virg. 4. To add, to annex
to subjoin. 5. To make subject, to subject, to bring under the power of.
6. To place beneath, to postpone in a comparison, to esteem less.
supporto, as. r. a. To carry, to bring, to convey.
^suppositious, a, um. adj. Substituted, supposititious.
snppressio, onis. f. A keeping back, embezzlement.
suppressus, a, um. part. pass. fir. seq. ; also as adj., c compar. etc Low, sub
dued (of voice, style, etc).
supprlmo, is, pressi, pressum. v. a. 1. To press down, to press under,
to sink (a ship). 2. To hold back, to check, to stop, to keep back, to
keep down : suppressis fontibus aret, (the river) is dry, its springs being
stopped, Ov.; roscida supprime lora, hold back the dewy reins (so as to
stop the horses), Ov. 3. To keep back, i. e. conceal, suppress.
luppudet, nit, Itum est. c. impers. To be somewhat ashamed (c. ace pers.
gen. rei).
supputo, as. v. a. To count up, compute, reckon.
supra, ado. and prep. c. ace. 1. (adv.) On the upper side, on the top,
above : toto Venice supra est, he is a whole head taller, Virg. 2.
Before, previously: supra repetere instituta majorum, to trace the insti
tutions of our ancestors a long way back, Sail. 3. More, in a greater
degree, at a higher price, beyond : nihil supra Deos lacesso, I do not
worry the Gods for anything beyond, Hor. ; supra quam fieri possit,
beyond all possibility, Cic. 4. (prep, c ace.) Above, over. 5. Be
yond, further than. 6. Back, beyond (of time, i. e.) before. 7.
Beyond, above (in point of number or quantity) : supra belli Latini
metum, in addition to the fear of the Latin war, Liv.
suprascando, is, di, sum. v. a. To climb over, to surmount, to pass.
supremus. — See superus and summus.
sura, 88. / The calf of the leg.
surculus, La A young twig or branch, a sprout, a shoot, a stem, a sucker.
surdaster, tra, trum. adj. Rather hard of hearing, deafish.
surdltas. atis./ Deafness.
tardus, a, um. adj. 1. Deaf, (metaph.) unwilling to listen, unfavourable,
unfriendly. 2. (Metaph.) Incapable of hearing to any purpose, immov
able, inflexible : surda vota, prayers which no deity listens to, Pers. 3.
Noiseless, mute, voiceless : non erit officii gratia surda tui, the thanks for
your kindness shall not be unspoken, Ov. 4. JDim, faint, indistinct.
aurena, as. m. The chief officer of state in Parthia.
surgo, is, surrexi, no sup. v. n. 1. To rise, to arise. 2. To mount,
 528 S UR—S U S
to ascend. 3. (Esp.) To rise from sleep, to get up (out of bed). 4.
To rise, to spring up, to grow up, to grow taller.
surrancidus, etc. — See subr.
■ursum and i§Bursus. adv. 1. From below, upwards, on high. 2.
High up, placed high.
sus. suis. in. f. A swine, a pig, a boar, a sow.
susceptio, dnis. /. An undertaking (of a work), an undergoing (of toil,
pain, etc.).
Buscipio. Is, cepi. ceptum. v. a. 1. To take up, to catch up, to lift up,
to raise, to lift, to support. 2. To bring up, to rear, to educate.
3. To beget, to be the parent of : si qua mini de te suscepta fuisset . . .
if any child by you had been borne or conceived by me, Virg. 4. To
take, to receive. 5. To take upon oneself, to undertake, undergo : sus
cepta persona, an assumed character, Cic; suscepit vita hominum ut (c.
subj.), mankind has adopted the custom of . . ., Cic; qui suscipiant posse
. . ., who undertake to prove that it is possible . . ., Cic ; suscipit Anchises,
Anchises takes him up, i. e. replies to him, Virg.
suscito, as. v. a. I. To lift up, to raise, to throw up (ground in
ploughing, etc.): aura suscitat lintea, the breeze raises or swells out the
sails, Ov. 2. +§To build, to erect. 3. To stir up, excite, rouse up,
encourage, incite, spur on, to awaken, to revive, to rekindle, to kindle (lit
and metuph.) : vim suscitat ira, in his anger he recalls his former prowess,
Virg.
tjsuspecto, as. v. a. 1. To look up at, to watch. 2. To mistrust, to
suspect.
suspectus, a, um. fart. past. fr. suspicio ; used also as adj., c. compar. etc.
1. Suspected, mistrusted, regarded with suspicion: in suspecto loco, in a
dangerous place, Li v. ; non dare suspectum, to withhold them is pregnant
with suspicious circumstances, Ov.
suspectus. us. m. A looking up or upwards : quantus ad setherium ca'li
suspectus Olympum, as far as the distance which one has to look up to
the ethereal heaven, Virg. ; turris erat vasti suspectus, there was a tower
which one had to look up to very much, i. e. which was very high, Virg.
2. Esteem, respect: suspectus honorum, a looking up to rank, Or.
suspendium. La. A hanging (esp. of oneself ).
suspendo, is, di, sum. v. a. 1. To hang up, to hang, to suspend: naso
suspendis adunco ignotos, you turn up your nose at unknown persons, Hor.
2. To hang (a person so as to put him to death). 3. To hang up (in a
temple, as an offering), to offer up. 4. To build upon arches. S.
To prop up, to support. 6. To keep in suspense, to agitate with
doubts. 7. To suspend, i. e. to put a stop to, to stop, to check,
suspendit picta vultum mentemque tabella, he keeps both his attention
and his eyes fixed upon a picture, Hor. 8. (In pas*.) To depend on,
to be dependent on (nsu. c. ex and abl.).
suspensus, a, um. part. p<iss. fr. prec. I. Raised, elevated, raised on
high : fluctu suspensa tumenti, raised lightly on the swelling wave, Virg.;
vestigia suspenso . . . fert taciturna gradu, he advances his noiseless steps on
tiptoe, Ov. 2. In suspense, uncertain, wavering, hesitating, anxious :
licvo suspensi loculos tabulnmque lacerto, having their satchel and slate
hung on their left arm, Hor.
susplcaz, acis. adj. 1. Suspicious, distrustful. 2. ^Suspicions, i. c
exciting suspicion.
suspicio, Is, spexi. spectum. v. a. 1 . To look up or upwards, to look tip
at (lit. or with the mind) : nihil altum . . . suspicere possunt, they cannot
raise (the glance of) their minds to anything sublime, Cic 2. To look
up to, i. e. respect, honour, admire, revere, esteem. 3. To suspect, to
distrust (only in part. pats.). —See suspectus.
suspicio, onis. / 1. Suspicion, distrust, mistrust. 2. An idea, s
notion.
 SUS-SUU 529
raspiaSse. adv. 1. In a suspicious, distrustful, spirit or tone. 2. In a
way calculated to excite suspicion,
lusplciosus, a, tun. adj. 1. Suspicious, i. e. inclined to suspicion, full of
suspicion. 2. Suspicious, i. e. calculated to excite suspicion,
susplcor. aris. v. dep. 1. To suspect (oftener of suspecting, i. e. apprehend
ing a future event, esp. evil, than of suspecting a person of evil, c ace, or
c. ace and infin.). 2. To form an idea or notion of, to conceive, to
imagine,
susplratus, us. in., susplritus, us. ?«.. and snsplrium, i. h. A sigh.
suspire, as. r. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To sigh, to heave a sigh. 2. §(». a.)
To sigh for, to long for, or perhaps to utter with a sigh, to speak of in a
desponding tone (as a lover, c. ace) : sola suspirat in ilia, he sighs for her
alone, Ov.
■usque deque. Up and down (an expression of indifference): de Octavio sus-
que deque, as to Octavius, that is a matter of no consequence, Cic.
^sustentaculum. La. A support, a prop,
sustentatio, onis./. A deferring, delay.
sustento. as. r. o. 1. To hold up, to support, to uphold, (lit. and
metaph.) to maintain in a good position, to preserve from falling, to pre
serve. 2. To support, to maintain (with food, necessaries, etc.) : que
parcimoniam patrum suis sumptibus sustentaret, who made up to them at
her own expense for the scanty allowance given them by their fathers
Cic. : sustentabatur, he maintained himself, Tac. 3. To report, i. e.
bear, endure, to hold out against (evil). 4. To put off, to defer, to
delay,
sustineo. ei, ui, tentum. v. a. 1 . To hold up or upright, to sustain, to
support. 2. §To hold in the hand, to have, to keep in. 3. To keep
back, to check, to restrain, to withstand : nunc agendo, nunc sustinendo
agmen, at one time advancing, and at another time halting the army, Liv.
4. To uphold, maintain, preserve (dignity, etc.): sui perso nas unus sustineo,
I by myself support their characters, Cic; causam publicam sustinere, to
support the burden of having to conduct a public trial, Cic. 5. To sup
port, maintain (with food, etc.). 6. (Most usu.) To support, sustain,
i. e. to bear, endure, undergo, to be equal to bearing : nee nymphae justa
petentem sustinuere deam, nor could the nymphs resist the goddess while
making a reasonable request, Ov.; nee jam suspendere netum sustinet, nor
can he endure (is he able) any longer to restrain his tears, Ov. 7. To
dare, to venture : non attollere contra sustinet hsec oculos, she does not dare
to raise her eyes to encounter hers, Ov.; quae si prceferre Diana? sustinuit,
who presumed to place herself before Diana, Ov. 8. To put off, to defer,
to delay.
% isustollo. is, no perf. (see tollo). 1 . To lift up, to raise up, to raise.
2. To take away, to remove,
sustuli.—See tollo.
sfisurrator. oris. m. A whisperer, a mutterer.
susuxro, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To make a low continued sound, to
buzz, to hum, to murmur. 2. (v. a.) To whisper, to utter in a low tone.
susurrus, i. m. A low noise, a hum, a buzz, a whisper (of the voice, of the
wind, the rustling of leaves, etc.).
Jsusurrus, a, na adj. Whispering,
sutilis, e. adj. Sewn together, put together (of a boat), wreathed, twined
(of garlands).
sutor, oris. m. A cobbler, a shoemaker.
sutorius, a, urn, and Jsutrinus, a, tun. adj. Of or belonging to a shoe
maker,
sutura, as. f. A sewing together, a seam.
suus, a. tun. adj. 1. His, hers, its, theirs, of or belonging to him, her,
etc., (with reference to the nom. case to the verb, once in Ov. for ejus) :
respice Laerten ut jam sua lumina condas, think of Laertes, that you may
close his eyes. 2. Favourable to, friendly to him, her, etc : Octavius
H H
 530 SYC—TAB
quem quidem sui Caesarem salutabant, Octaviua whom his partisan! were
suluting as Caesar, Cic; Caesar suos a praelio continebat, Caesar kept back
hia troops from fighting, Cass.; vix sua virgo erat, the damsel was scarcely
herself, scarcely in her senses, Ov.
t sycophants, as. m. [avKtHpivr-nt.] An informer, a talebearer, a slanderer,
syll&ba, ae./ [<rv\\afiii.] A syllable,
ayllabatim. adv. Syllable by syllable,
sylva, SB. f. | v\i\'\ 1. A wood, a forest, woodland. 2. A grove, a
plantation <>f trees, §trees. 3. A crowd, (of things) a mass, a quantity:
omnia ubertas et quasi sylva dicendi, all copiousness, and as one may say
fertility of speaking, Cic.
Sylvanus. i. m. Sylvanns, the Ood of the woods : monticolae Sylvani, the
mountain-dwelling deities of the woods, Ov.
sylvesco, is, no peri. v.n. (of a vine). To run to wood,
sylvestris, e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a wood or forest. 2. Woody,
well wooded, full of woods, overgrown with woods. 3. Living in the
woods, wild: eductosque pares sylveatri ex ubere reges, and the two kings
reared at the udder of a wild wolf, Prop. 4. §Sylvan, pastoral.
Ssylvicola, ae. m. f. Inhabiting the woods, an inhabitant of woods.
Ssylvlcultrix, Ids./. Dwelling in the woods, wild (of a deer).
r^sylv'ifi'agu.s, a, am. adj. Breaking the woods (winds),
sylvosus, a. am. adj. Well-wooded, wood)',
-(-symbols, te. /. [erujufioAV] A contribution towards a common feast, a
share of a reckoning : lit de aymbolit essemus, that we might have a picnic
dinner, Ter.
aymphonia, ae./! [o-vuQtti'ia.] Harmony, music played in concert.
syniphoniacus, a, am. adj. Belonging to a concert: symphoniaci paeri,
boys used to singing in concert.
Symplegades, am. pi./. [2vnir\iryAStt.] Two rocks nt the entrance of the
Euxine Sea, which, according to the fable, met together and crushed any
ship that tried to pass between them, till the Gods made them immovable
to allow the Argo to pass.
Symposium, i. n. The title of one of Plato's dialogues.
Synedrus, i. m. [avrttipos.] The title of the senators in Macedonia,
ayngrapha, ae. / [avyypaQ)).] A written agreement to pay money, a note
of hand.
8jfai5dus. ontis. m. [avv iiovs.] A kind of fish.
isyn thesis, is. / [civ rilhuu.] 1. A service of plate. 2. A suit of
clothes. 3. A dressing gown*
Jsyrma, atis.-n. A robe with a train worn by tragic actors. 2. Tragedy.
Syrtis, is, and JIdis./. 1. (In pi.) Two quicksands on the northern coast
of Africa. 2. § A quicksand, a gulf.
BJrus and Syrius, a, am. adj. 1. Of Syria, Syrian, of Palestine. 2.
(i». and/ as aul/st.) A Syrian slave, a gladiator.

T.
Tabella, se.f. 1. A small board, table, or tablet : heu! quantum fati parva
tabella vehet, alas! how much of future fate does one little plank (i. e. the
cradle in which Romulus and Remus were exposed) carry, Ov. 2. ( Esp.)
A writing-tablet. 3. Any writing, a letter, a record : tabella? qaaw-
tionis, minutes of evidence, Cic; falsaa tabellee, forged wills, Juv.j laureate
tabella;, despatches wreathed with laurel as announcing victory, Liv. 4.
A voting tablet, a ticket on which the vote was written. 5. A painted
tablet, i. e. a picture, a painting. 6. A votive tablet on which the offerer
indicated by painting or writing the mercy in gratitude for which he had
offered it.
 TAB—TAC 531
tabellarius, a, in. adj. Of or belonging to a tabella, q. v. : tabcllaria lex,
a law regulating voting; m. as subst.. a letter-carrier, a courier.
tabeo, ef, ui. no sup. v. *. To melt away, waste away, consume away : ar-
tus sale tabentes, limbs dripping with sea-water, Virg.
taberna, 89./ 1. A hut, a cabin, a low cottage. 2. A booth (for the
sale of wares), a stall, a shop. 3. An inn, a tavern.
tabernacEUum, L>. A tent (sometimes esp. one erected outside the city for
the purpose of taking auguries) : cum tabernaculum vitio cepisset, when ha
(the officer who was to take the auspices) had selected a place for setting up
his tent for that purpose without the proper forms, Cic.
tabernariuB, i. m. A shopkeeper.
tabes, is./! 1. A wasting away. 2. A wasting disease, consumption,
pestilence. 3. Anything melted, or corrupted, the moisture which comes
from melting or wasting : per fluentem tabem liquescentis nivis, over the
liquid pools of melting snow, Li v.; per tabem sanguinis, over the pools of
blood, Liv. 4. §Any thing destructive, that causes a person to waste away :
hos necat afrlatos funesti tabe veneni, these it kills, having the fatal contagion
of its deadly poison breathed on them, Ov.; (metaph.) infecit ea tabes legi-
onum mentes, the contagion of disaffection infected the minds of the legions,
Tac. 5. §Any wasting grief, corroding anxiety (esp. of love, etc.).
tabesco, is, ui (no sup.), r. «. 1. To melt away, to be consumed. 2.
To waste away (with disease, anxiety, esp. that of love). 3. To waste
away with envy (rare) ; pass, impcrs.: perspicio nobis in hac calamitata
tabescendum esse, I perceive that we have nothing to do but to fret our
selves to death under this disaster, Cic.
tabldus, a, tun. adj. 1. Melting. 2. Wasting away, languishing,
being consumed. 3. Causing people to waste away, consuming, destruc
tive (disease, poison, age, etc.).
tablficus, a, am. adj. Causing one to waste away, consuming.
tabula, ee. f. 1 . A board, a plank. 2. A writing tablet (esp. when
written on), a writing, a written document, a letter, an account-book, an
account, a will, a record, a register, a written list. 3. (As auctions were
advertised by hanging up tablets) An auction. 4. A painted tablet (i. e.
a painting, a picture). 5. A votive tablet (see tabella). 6. Duo-
decim tabulae, the twelve tables (of the laws brought from Athens by the
Decemvirs) : novae tabulae, new account-books, instead of the old ones, in
which debts owing were registered by the creditor (i. e. an abolition of
existing debts) ; tabula proerogativae, a list of votes, Cic; manum de tabula,
take your hand from the picture ( i. e. enough of this), Cic
tabularium, i. n. (usu. in pi.). Archives, records.
tabulatio, onis. _/.', and tabulatum, i. n. A floor, a storey : tabulata, rows
of vines rising above one another, Virg.
tabum, Lb. 1. Corrupt moisture, putrid matter, gore. 2. An infec
tious disease, a pestilence.
taceo, es, ui. Itum. o. n. and a. 1. To be silent, to say nothing, to give
forth no Bound. 2. To be still (of a place) : [they said] tacere indolent
illam Romanam, that the old Roman disposition was hushed (was cowed),
Liv. 3. (v. a.) To pass over in silence, not to speak of: tacenda, things
unfit to be spoken, Hor., Ov.; quod cum antiquis taciturn preetermissumque
sit, which, as it has been passed over in silence and omitted by the ancients,
Liv.—See tacitus.
t&clte. adv. Silently, in silence, noiselessly.
taclturnltas, itis. f. A keeping silence, taciturnity, silence.
tacit urnus, a, urn. adj. 1 . Taciturn, fond of silence, not talkative. 2.
Silent, making but little noise, noiseless (of a slow stream). 3. §Un-
disturbed by noise, (of a place) quiet.
tacitus, a, tun. part pats, of taceo; used as adj. 1. Passed over in si
lence. 2. Tacit, assumed as a matter of course, not formally expressed.
3. (Most usu.) Silent, not speaking: si mori taciturn oportet, if 1 must
die without saying a word in my defence, Liv.; ut forte legeotem ant
M M 2
532 TAC—TAM
taciturn impt'll.it, so as to interrupt you when you chance to be reading, or
absorbed in silent meditation, Hor. 4. (Of things, places, etc.) Quiet,
noiseless, undisturbed : tacita cum lyra, with your untouched lyre, Hor. ;
totumque pererrat Iumiuibus tacitis, she looks him all over with silent
glances, Virg. ; vel quae sublegi tacitus tibi, or what I overheard imper-
ceived by you, Virg.; per taciturn, in its silent course (of a river), Virg.
i ttactilis, e. adj. That may be touched, tangible.
tactio, onia.y. The sense of touch, touch.
tactus, a, urn. part. paa. fr. tango.
tactus, us. m. 1. The act of touching, touch : is ejus tactus est, so great
is its power on everything it (the sun) touches, Cic 2. The sense of
touch, the feeling of touching or being touched.
taeda, to. f. A plank of pine wood, esp. a torch of pine wood, a torch, §*sp.
a nuptial torch. 1. § A marriage : pacta? expectat tempora tad*, she
looks forward to the time of her promised wedding, Ov. ; nam me non
ullie poterunt corrumpere ta'die, for the prospect of no other marriage (or
for no other love) will be able to seduce me, Prop.
tedet, no perf. c. impers. To weary, to disgust (c. ace. pers., gen. rei).
Sjtedlfer, era, enim. adj. Bearing a torch (epith. of Ceres, as having sought
for her daughter with torches, and having torches borne at her festivals).
tedium, i, ». Weariness, loathing, disgust, ennui : nuper tollicitum qt»
niihi tsedium, you which lately were a cause of disgust and trouble to me,
Hor.
Taenarius, a, in, and /. Tsraaris, idis. adj. 1. Of Tajnarus, a pro
montory of Laconia celebrated for its black marble, for a temple to
Neptune, and also as h.iving near it an entrance to the shades below.
2. Made of Tsenarian marble. 3. Lacedaemonian, Spartan : Tcenari*
marita, the Spartan wife (i. e. Helen), Or.; Taenarius Deus, Neptune, Prop.
4. Of the infernal regions, infernal. Taenarides, as. in. The Spartan
youth (i. e. HyacinthuB). Ov.
tenia, m.f. f toiWo. ] A fillet for the head, a headband, a ribbon for the hair.
tagax, acis. adj. (Very rare) Thievish, tricky.
talaris, e. adj. Reaching to the ankles (n. pi. as sutst.). 1. The wiagri
sandals of Mercury, winged sandals. 2. §A gown reaching to the
ankles.
talarius, a, urn. adj. Of or belonging to dice : ludus talarias, a gaming
house, Cic.
Talassius, i, and T&lassio, onis. m. An exclamation in use at weddings,
adopted from the name of a Roman who got one of the moat beautiful of
the Sabine women for his bride.
talea, 88. f. A thin rod or staff, a stake : talece ferrea, oblong bits of iron
used by the Britons as money, Cses.
talentum, i. n. [rdUswrar.] A talent, a Grecian weight, about half a cwt,
or a Grecian sum of money of various value, the Attic talent being worth
about 2437. 15s.
talio, onis. f. Retaliation, a punishment equal to the injury sustained :
sine talione, with impunity. Mart.
talis, 89. adj. 1 . Such, of such a character, size, appearance, etc, often
answering to, or answered by qualis. 2. So great, so excellent.
Jtallter. adv. In such a manner,
talpa, 88. /. A mole.
talus, Lot. 1. The ankle- bone, an ankle. Securns cadat an recto stet
fabula talo, indifferent whether the play fails or succeeds, Hor. ; recto
vivere talo, to conduct oneself well, Pers. 2. A die (as originally wsde
of the ankle-bone of animals), [the talus was only marked on four sides,
having rounded ends, while the tessera was like our die, a cube, and
marked on all its six sides.]
tarn. adv. (denoting comparison in degree). 1 . So, so far, so much (oftener
answered by quam). 2. Tam . . . quam, as ... as : tarn tibi sum nip-
plex quam tu mihi ssepe fuisti, I am as suppliant to you as you have often
 T AM — TAN 533
been to me. Ov. ; (sometimes answered by ut or qui, c. snbj.) tam lynceus
qui in tantis tenebris nihil offendat, so sharp-sighted as to stumble against
nothing in such darkness, Cic. 3. Nou tain . . . quam, not so much
... as.
tamdiu. adv. So long, for so long a time (sometimes answered by quamdiu,
quam, ut, dum, etc.) : tamdiu laudabitur dum memoria rerum Romanarum
manebit, he will be praised as long as any recollection of Rome lasts, Cic.
tamen. adv. Yet, nevertheless, notwithstanding, however, still.
tametsi. conj. [tamen, etc.] Notwithstanding that, although, though (c.
indie, or tc subj.).
tamquam. —See tanquam.
tandem, adv. At length, at last, finally (in questions sometimes merely in
creasing the force of expression) : quousque tandem abutere patientia
nostra ? how long, how long I say. are you going to abuse our patience ?
Cic; itane tandem ? is it so indeed ? Ter.
tango, is, tetigi, tactum. v. a. 1. To touch (sometimes to touch so as to
eat). 2. To reach, to arrive at, to come to, to attain to. 3. To touch,
i. e. to be contiguous to, to border on. i. To strike (a lyre, etc., and in
pass, part., esp. as lightning strikes anything). 5. To move (the mind,
etc.), to affect, to influence, to make an impression on. 6. To touch
upon, i. e. to mention. 7. §To touch, i. e. to take in hand, undertake.
8. +To trick, to cheat (c abl. of that out of which) : sparsa tangere corpus
aqua, to sprinkle the body with water, Ov.
tanquam. adv. 1. As, just as, like. 2. As if, as it were (sometimes
tanquam si in this sense).
tanti. gen. a. of tantus, q. v. (With verbs of buying, selling, valuing, etc)
Of such value, at such a price, of such importance : est mihi tanti, Quirites !
it is well worth my while, 0 Romans! Cic; sunt jurgia tanti, a quarrel is
worth while for such a cause, Ov.
i tantillus, a, am. adj. So little (usu. neut. as most.), such a little thing,
such a small quantity.
tantisper adv. 1. For so long a time, so long. 2. In the meantime,
meanwhile. 3. (Rare) At times, sometimes.
tanto. adv. (In comparisons) By so much, so much (often answered by
quanto): tanto pessimus omnium poeta, qu into . . . , as much the worst of all
poets as (you are the best of all patrons), Cat.; post tanto (for tanto post),
so long after, Virg.
tantopSre. adv. Go greatly, to such a degree, so thoroughly.
tantalus, a, am. adj. So little, so small; n. as subsi., so small a quantity, so
little a thing.
tantum. adv. 1. So much, so greatly, to such a degree (often answered
by quantum): nee tantum dulcia quantum et liquid*, and not so sweet
as liquid. 2. Only, alone, merely. 3. Tantum non, almost, nearly,
all but. 4. Tantum quod (c. indie), hardly, scarcely ; tantum quod
hominem non nominat, he all but names the man, Cic.
tantommddo. adv. Only, alone.
tantundem, n. fr. tantusdem, found in no other gender, and only nom. gen.
and ace sing. So much, so great a quantity, just so much : ut ejus solum
tantundem haberet quantum, that its bottom should be just as wide as,
Cssa.; (ace as adv.) in so great a degree; (gen., like tanto) at Buch a price,
of such importance; tantidem quanti, of the same importance as, Cic.
tantus. a, am. adj. 1. So great, such (in sise, quantity, degree, etc.)
(often followed by quantus, qui, or ut) : tantam eorum multitudinem
nostri interfecerunt quantum fuit diei spatium, our soldiers killed as many
of them as what remained of daylight would allow, Caes. ; tanti Meli-
tensis vestis, such a quantity of Maltese robes, Cic. 2. (Rare) So
little. 3. (In neut.) So much, such a quantity : cum tantum belli in
manibus esset, when they had so vast a war on their hands, Liv. 4
( Very rare) So little.—See tanti, tanto, tantum.
KM 3
534 TAP — TEG
tipaa, etia. as.; alio *.pL tasitia, a. Embroidered doth, tapestry, a
carpet,
tarda, air. Slowly, tardily, after K>roe time, laiily.
t;tardeaco, ia, no pert r. «. To become slow, sluggish, lazy.
t jtardlgradua, a, bib, and jtardlpea, edit. adj. Slow-paced, alow-footed,
tlow.
tardltaa, atia. / 1. Slowness. 2. Tardiness. 3. Slowness of in
tellect, dullness, stupidity.
'tardiuaeulus, a, im. adj. Rather tlow or lazy.
tarda, U. r. a. To make tlow, to delay, to binder, to retard, to impede ;
{putt, impert.) nnmquid putea tardandnm esse nobia ? do you think we
ought to loiter at all?
tardoa, a, tun. adj. 1. Slow, sluggish, tardy, lingering, moTing or coming
slowly, patting tlowly (of time), done slowly. 2. Solemn, deliberate.
3. Slow in mind. i. e. stupid, dull. 4. ^Making slow (as the gout) :
tardus sapor, a taste that lingers on the palate, Virg.
Tarpeius, a. am. 1 . Of tne Tarpeian or Capitoline rock at Rome, where
the citadel and temple of Jupiter Capitolinns were : Tarpeius pater, Jupiter,
Prop. ; Tarpeia fnlmina, the thnnderbolu of Jupiter. 2. Of or belong
ing to Tarpeia (of whom there were two, one who betrayed Rome to the
Sabines, the other unknown, bnt celebrated by Propertina for her chastity).
Tartaxeus. a, tun. adj. Of Tartarus (a. pi. Tartars), or Hell, of or belonging
to the shades below, infernal : Tartareua cnstos, the guardian of Hell, i. e.
Cerberus, Virg.
Tartessua, a, um. adj. Of Tartessus, a town in Spain near Cadiz.
taureus. a, am. adj. 1. Of an ox or bull. 2. Of oxhide: feriunt moDei
taurea terga manua, and their delicate hands beat the drums (made of baH'i
hide). Or.
Tauricus, a, tun. adj. Of the Tauri or Tauric Chersonese the Crimea.
jtaurlformis, e. adj. Like a bull, bull-headed.
Tanrinai, a, tun. adj. Of the Tnurini, a tribe in North Italy, whete
capital was the city now called Turin,
tanrinna, a, am. adj. I. Of an ox or bull. 2. Of Oxhide,
taurus, i«. 1 . An ox or bull, a bullock. 2. The sign Taurus in
the zodiac 3. A range of mountains in Lycia in Asia Minor,
taxatio. onii. /. A valuation, an appraisement,
taxus, \.f. The yewtree.
+techria, m.f. [rix»il.] A trick, cunning,
tecte. adv. Covertly, secretly, privily.
tectoriolum, i. »., and tectorium, i. n. Plaster for bouses, roughcast,
stucco : tectoria prima reponit, she puts a little wash (or paint) on her face
again, Juv.j picUe tectoria linguae, the flattery of an insincere tongue,
Pers.
tectorial, a, um. adj. Of or belonging to the plastering or staining of
walls,
tectum, i. n. 1. A roof. 2. A house, a dwelling, an abode: laqneafh
tectn, highly ornamented ceilings, Hor.; solidis clauditur in tectit, be is
shut up in a firm prison, Ov.
tectua, a, um. part. past. fr. tego, q. v.; also as adj. (c comparA 1-
Hidden, concealed. ' 2. (More usu.) Close, reserved (of a person) :
naves tectas, decked vessels, Liv.
tecum, abl. of m, with cum prefixed.—Ste tu.
Tegeoeus. a, um. adj. 1. Of Tegea, a town in Arcadia. 2. Arcadian
virgo Tegeeea. Callisto, daughter of a Lycian king of Arcadia, or Ataltnla,
daughter of Jasius ; Tegcica parens, the Arcadian mother (of Evander,
i. e.) Cnrmenta, Ov.; Tegeasa sacerdos, Carmenta, Ov.
:! teges, etis. /.' A mat, a coarse rug.
teglmen or tegumen, »ync. tegmen, Inis. «., and tegumentum, sync, teg
mentum, i. n. Anything that covers or shelters, a covering, clothes, t
cloak, defensive armour, the outer bark, rind, or husks of plants or fruits:
 TEG—TEM 535
sub neli tegmine, beneath the vault of heaven, Lucr. ; detraxerat tegimeii
cnpiti, he had taken off his helmet, Tac. ; scutum . . majuicorpnri tegu-
mentum, the heavy shield which was a greater protection to the body (than
a dypeus), Lir.
tego, is, zi, ctum. v. a. 1. To cover, to envelope in any way, to roof,
to thatch (a house), to clothe (a person, etc.) : incepto tegeret cum lumina
somno, when he first closed his eyes in sleep, Virg. 2. To hide, to con
ceal, to keep secret, to veil, to dissemble, to disguise. 3. To cover, i. e.
protect, shelter, defend : ut ne tegam spurco Danue latus ? shall I give that
rascal Dama the wall (by walking outside of him), Hor.
tegula, ee.f. A tile, (in pi.) a roof of tiles.
tela, &./. 1. A web of cloth, anything woven, (metaph.) a plan, a de
sign. 2. §A spider's web, a cobweb. 3. The thread in a loom, the
warp. 4. §A loom.
Telegonos, i. m. The son of Ulysses and Circe, who, when he came to
Ithaca, killed his father without knowing it, and then went to Italy and
founded Tusculum.
tellus, firis./ 1. The earth, the globe, the world. 2. A land, a country.
telum, L n. 1. A missile weapon, a dart, a javelin. 2. §Any weapon,
(lit. and metaph.) a sword, the horn of an ox, the costus of a boxer, the
thunderbolt of Jupiter : tuorum scelerura tela, the shafts of your wicked
ness, Cic. ; lucida tela diei, the brilliant sunbeams, Lucr.; ipse cum telo
esse, fhe began] to be constantly nrmed himself, SalL
temerarios, a, tun. a-ij. 1. t Casual, accidental. 2. (More usu.)
Hash, heedless, precipitate, inconsiderate, imprudent: temeraria tela, shafts
shot at random, Or.
temere. adv. 1 . By chance, by accident, at random, casually, accident
ally, rashly, precipitately, heedlessly, imprudently. 3. Non temere, not
easily, not commonly, not usually : baud temere est visum, it was not seen
without result, Virg.
temeritas, atis. /.' 1. Chance, accident. 2. Rashness, precipitation,
inconsidcrateness, temerity, imprudence.
temero, as. v. a. To violate, to profane, to desecrate, to defile, to pollute.
temetum, i. n. Any intoxicating drink, wine.
temno, is (no perf in the simple verb), v. a. To despise, scorn, disdain.
temo, onis. m. 1. The pole of a carriage. 2. §A waggon. 3.
§The constellation Charles's Wain.
temperamentum, i, n. A mixing in due proportion, a proper measure, mo
deration.
temperans, antis. part of tempero; used as adj. (c. compar., etc.). Tempe
rate, moderate, sober : temperantiores a cupidine imperii, more moderate in
their desire of power, Liv. : potestatis temperantior, more moderate in the
exercise of his power, Tac.
temperanter. adv. With moderation, moderately.
temperantia, se. f. Moderation, sobriety, temperance, discretion.
temperate, adv. With moderation, moderately, with discretion.
temperatio, onis. f. A due mingling or tempering, fit proportion, a well-
regulated combination, a dne admixture : temperatio civitatis, the organi
sation of a state, Cic; hujus vitii temperatio, a means of moderating this
defect, Cic. ; mens mundi et temperatio, the mind and regulating principle
of the world, Cic
tempera-tor, oris. m. One who manages, an arranger, a regulator.
temperatus. a, tun. part. pass. fr. tempero, q. v. ; also as adj. c. compar. etc.
1. Limited, moderate. 2. Temperate, well regulated, calm, steady, mo
derate in temper.
temperi or ori, compar. temperius (positive only in Plant.). In good time,
seasonably early, at an early petiod.
temperies, ei./ 1. A mingling. 2. Temperature, temper.
tempero, as. t>. a. and n. 1. (r. a.) To mingle in due proportion, to
temper properly. 2. To qualify, to moderate. 3. To restrain, to curb
M M 4
536 TEM — TEN
(c dat.) : neqae tibi homines feros temperaturos existimab.it quia . . • .
exirent, nor did he think that barbarians would place such a restraint on
themselves as to abstain from departing, Can. 4. To regulate, to rule,
to govern (c. ace.) : scatebris arentia temperat arva, he brings the dry
fields into good order by watering, Virg. ; qui citharam nervis temperat,
who regulates (or tunes) the lyre by means of its strings, Hor. 5. (e. a.)
To abstain, to restrain oneself, to refrain (c. ab and abl., or c. dat., or c
inlin., or c. quin and subj.). 6. To keep oneself from injuring, to spare
(c. dat) ; pass, impers. : temperatum asgre est quin . . . pugnam inter se
consererent, they could hardly restrain themselves from coming to blows,
Liv.; templis tamen Deum temperatum est, however, they spared the temples
of the Gods, Liv.
tempestas, atis. f. 1. A portion of time, a season, a period. 2.
Weather. 3. A storm, a tempest, (lit. and metaph.) a period of trouble, of
particular disturbance.
tempestive. adv. Seasonably, in due season , fitly, properly.
tempest!vitas, atis. f. Reasonableness, propriety, an appropriate character.
tempestivus. a, am. adj. 1. Timet}-, seasonably, opportune, 2. (Of
fruits, etc.) In season, ripe. 3. In good season, i. e. timely, early.
templum, i. n. 1 . t ( Rare) A space marked off by an augur for the observ
ing of the auspices. 2. f§A broad, clear, unoccupied space : cserula colli
templa, the azure vault of lieaven, Lucr. ; mundi magnum templum, the vast
expanse of the world. 3. A consecrated place, a sanctuary. 4. A
temple, a place consecrated to a deity : templum conjugil antiqui, a monu
ment sacred to her former husband, Virg.
temporaries, a, am. adj. Lasting only for a season, temporary.
tempus, oris. a. 1. Time. 2. A time, a period. 3. The time, the
fitting time, the proper season, occasion, opportunity. 4. Time (i. e.
measure in poetry). 5. A temple of the head (most usu. pi. in this
sense) : pulsus tria tempora rarao Cacus, Cutis smitten on all his three
heads with the club, Prop.: quae si ad tuum tempus perducitur, and if it
can be made to last till your time of office arrives, Cic: omne meum
tempus amicorum temporibus transmittendum putavi, I thought I ought to
devote all my spare time to the necessities of my friends, Cic: neque
poetffi tempori meo defuerunt, nor were poets wanting to me in my ex
tremity, Cic; 0 srepe mecum tempus in ultimum deducte, you who in
company with me were often brought into the most imminent danger, Hor.
ad tempos, adv. 1. In time, at the right time (so per tempus, Plant.).
2. For a time, for the moment (so in tempus, Tac): brevis est et ad
tempus, it is short and temporary, Cic; ad tempus lectus, appointed on an
emergency, Liv.
in tempore. In time, at the proper time. ex tempore, on the spur of
the moment, extemporaneously. pro tempore, adv. According to cir
cumstances.—See temperi.
temulentus, a, am adj. Intoxicated, drunk.
tstenacia. m. Stubbornness.
tenacitas, atis./ A holding fast, tenacity. 2. Ruggedness, stinginess.
tenaciter. adv. With firm hold, tenaciously, firmly.
tenax, acls. adj. [teneo.] ]. Holding fast, tenacious, firm (of a hold, a
tie, etc.). 2. Holding one's money, etc. fast, stingy, niggardly, not
liberal : convenit eosdem cum jam easent experti quid valerent restrict* et
tenaces fuisse, it is natural that when they had learnt their value, they
should become more cautious and less liberal, Cic 3. Firm (in resolu
tion), stedfast, holding firmly to one's purpose, tenacious of, abiding firmly
by (c gen.). 4. Stubborn, obstinate. 5. Sticky : jacere ... in
tenaci gramine, to lie on the close-growing grass (with each blade dote to
so as to take hold of the other), Hor: quinqueremis Komana . . . ponders
tenacior, a Roman quinquereme, more unyielding from its bulk, Liv.
tendo, is, tetendi, tensam and torn. t». a. and n. 1. (». a.) To stretch,
to stretch forth, to stretch out, to tighten the strings of, i. e. bend (a bow),
 TEN 537
or tone or play (a lyre) : tendunt vela noti, the winds stretch or swell
the sails, Virg. ; alterum illi jubet praetorium tendi, he orders a second
general's tent to be pitched for him, Caes. 2. §To hold out, to offer,
to present, to give. 3. To spread (nets, snares, etc), to lay. 4. §To
aim, to shoot (an arrow), to direct (one's course, one's eyes, etc.): ultra
legem tendere opus, to strain my work beyond its legitimate object, Hor. ;
nihil illi tendere contra, they did not (begin to) advance to meet him (or
they made no reply), Virg. ; iter ad naves tendebat, he bent his way to
the ships ; lucida Pieria tendis in astra via, you seek to reach the stars (i. e.
immortality), by the path of the muses, Ov. 5. (».».) To go (of a
traveller or of a road), to travel, to tend, to bend one's course. 6. To
strive, to strive for, to aim at (c. ad and ace. or c. ace). 7. To endeavour,
to exert oneself, to labour vigorously : nee nos obniti contra nee tendere
tantuin sufficimus, nor are we able to struggle against it, nor to make so
much way, Virg. 7- To pitch one's camp, to be encamped.
teriebrae, arum. pi. f. 1. Darkness. 2. The darkness of night, night.
3. §A mist over the eyes from faintness, blindness, death, etc. 4. A
dark place (esp. the shades below) : me tibi ad extremaa mansurum, vita
tenebras, [I swear] my life, that I will remain constant to you till death,
Prop. 5. Gloom, obscurity (of fame, fortune, etc.).
tenebricosus, a, urn, and §tenebr!oai, a, urn, and tcnebrosus, a, am. adj.
Dark, full of darkness, gloomy.
teneo, es. ui (no sup.), r. a. and n. 1. {v. a.) To hold, to have in the
hand, to keep, to retain, to occupy (a place): quove tenetis iter? or whither
are you holding your course (i. e. whither are you going) ? Virg.; cursum
non tenuit, he did not proceed, (.Vs. 2. To hold fast, to hold back,
to detain, to control, to restrain : Sabinus castris sese tenebat, Sabinus
remained in his camp, Cits.; teneri non potui quiii . . . declararem, I could
not be restrained from declaring, Cic. 3. To have, to possess, to be the
owner of, to have in one's power, to have the mastery over : tenente Caesare
terras, while Caesar governs the earth, Hor.; an. . . iis me dem qui tenent,
qui pntiuntur ? Shall I join those men who are rulers and masters of every
thing? Cic; magno /Eneae teneatur amore, [that] she may be possessed
by mighty love for ./Eneas, Virg.; ut oculi pictura teneantur, that the eyes
may be charmed by a picture, Cic. 4. To comprehend, to understand,
to be aware of, to know. 5. To preserve, to maintain (a custom, a prin
ciple, etc). 6. To acquire, to obtain, to attain. 7. To take in, to
comprehend, to comprise. 8. (v. n.) To hold a position, to maintain
oneself (of troops in a place). .'). (For teneo iter) To advance, to go (by
land <r sea). 10. To continue, to last, to prevail.
tiner, era, erum. adj. 1. Tender, delicate, soft. 2. Of tender age,
young : de tenero ungui, from childhood, Hor.; adeo in teneris consuescere
inul turn est, of such great importance is it to accustom things to anything
while young, Virg.
tt&n&ie. adv. Tenderly, delicately.
tgtenerasco, is, no perf. v. n. To be tender.
tenor, oris. m. An uninterrupted course, a course, a career, a tenor : plaudo
educta tenore, drawn out by a steady, gentle motion, Ov.; brevis profecto
res est si uno tenore peragetur, the matter will not take long if it be prose
cuted uninterruptedly (or steadily), Liv.
tensa, se.y: The car in which the images of the Qods were carried in the
Circensian games.
tentabandus, a, urn. adj. Making repeated attempts, making attempts in
different quarters.
jtentamen, mis. »., and tentamentum, L n. 1. An attempt, an endea
vour. 2. A trial, a temptation, a putting to the test.
tentatio. onis.y" 1. A trial, a testing. 2. An attack.
tentator, oris. to. A tempter, one who puts to the proof.
tentigo, litis./ Lewdness.
ten to, as. c. o. 1. To handle, to feel with the hand, to touch : tentat
538 TEN — TEE.
s.ilicntf m pollice vemm, he feels the throbbing pulse with his finger, Ot.
2. To try the strength of, to make an attempt upon, to attack, to assail :
gravis autumnus omnem eiercitum raletudine tenuvcrat, an unhealthy
autumn had tried the health of the whole army. Cats.; tentatura pedes,
[wine] likely to try the steadiness of the feet, Virg. 5. To try, to tempt,
to put to the test, to prove, to make experiment of : eurama respnblica ten-
tatur. the whole interests of the republic are at stake, Cic; tentata est
exicm pacis spes, a slight hope of peace was attempted to be realised, Liv.
4. To attempt, to endeavour to obtain, to endeavour to execute or carry out.
5. To try and make an impression on, to tamper with. 6. To harass, to
agitate.
tentorium, i. n., and dim. ttentoriolum. i a. A tent.
tentus, a, am. part. pass. fr. tendo, q. v.
tenuis, e. adj. 1. Thin, fine, slender, small, weak. 2. Trifling, slight,
unimportant, poor, mean. 3. Low in rank or condition, mean, mean-
spirited, paltry : tenuiores, the lower orders, Cic; tcnoissimot quisque, all
the poorest of the common people, Cic. 4. Fine, refined (of style, argu
ments, etc) : tenui cure limantur, they are polished with scrupulous care,
Ov.
tenultas, IMt.f. 1. Thinness, slendemess, tightness. 2. Meanness
of condition, poverty, insignificance. 3. Scarcity, scanty supply. 4.
Delicacy, refinement, (of style) minute carefulness and accuracy.
tenulter. adv. 1. Lightly, slizhtly, superficially. 2. With great ac
curacy, minuteness or subtlety (to write, argue, etc).
tinuo. as. r. a. 1. To make thin, lean, slender, fine or small, to at
tenuate, to wear away : modo se tenuabit in nndas, presently he will dis
solve himself into water (Proteus), Ov. 2. To narrow, to contract: luna
quater plenum tenuata retexuit orbrm, four times had the moon, after
waning to nothing, remade her full orb, Ov. 3. To diminish, to reduce,
to weaken, to enfeeble : magna raodis tenuare parvis, to degrade great sub
jects by insignificant verse, Hor.
tenus. prep. c. abl. fino., abt. or gen. pi. (always after the noun). As far as,
up to : verbo tenus, in name, nominally, Cic
Tains, a, um. adj. 1. Of Teos, a town in Ionia, where Anacreon was
born. 2. §Of Anacreon.
tgpefacio, Is, feci, factum. t>. a. To make warm, to warm.
tepeo. es. v.n. 1. To be warm, moderately warm. 2. To glow with
love for, to be in love, 3. §To be cool, indifferent (esp. in love).
tepescj, is, pui, no sup. r. «. 1. To become warm, to warm. 2.
*To cool.
tepidus. a, um. adj. 1. Moderately warm, lukewarm, warm, tepid.
2. Lukewarm, i. e. cool, indifferent, languid.
tepor. oris m. 1. Moderate, gentle warmth. 2. *Lukewarmness,
coolness, indifference.
ter. adv. Three times, thrice : terque quaterque, over and over again, Ov.
tercentom. indecl. Three hundred.
terdScies. adv. Thirteen times.
terebinth us, i./. [Ttp40tv9ot.] The turpentine tree.
terebro, aa. r. a. 1. To bore, to bore through, to perforate, to pierce.
2. J To poke about in, to rummage, to examine carefully.
teredo. luis. / A worm (that eats wood, cloth, etc).
Terentus, i. m. A place at the end of the Campus Martiua, where the Ludi
Sfficulares were held.
tires, etis. adj. 1. Rounded off, well rounded, round and smooth (often
- of delicate limbs\ 2. Highly polished, elegant, neat : teretes plats,
well-made nets, Hor. ; in seipso totus teres atque rotnndus, complete in him-
^self_(with no inequalities, i. e.). equal-minded and even-tempered, Hor.
'"""•Anlnus, a, mm. adj. I. Triple in any way, with three "bodies, three
\ three persons. 2. Triple, three.
as, and -go, is, si, sum. v. a. 1 . To wipe, to wipe clean or dry.
 TEE 539
to clean, to wipe, to polish, to burnish. 2. JTo amend, to correct :
tergere palatum, to tickle your palate, Hor.
tersrlversatio, onis. /. Backwardness, hanging back, declining, evasion,
sbufBing.
tergiverBOr, aria. v. dtp. To hang back, to shuffle, to evade (giving assist
ance, etc), to decline, to refuse.
tergtun, i. »., and jtergus, oris. n. 1. A back, the rear (of an army, etc.):
terga do or verto, to flee, Liv., Cses., Ov. ; quae non terga fugs sed pugna?
pectora prsebent, which do not turn their backs in flight, but present their
breasts to the combat, Ov. 2. §The surface (of land or water). 3.
(A body : centum terga suum, a hundred swine, Virg. 4. A hide,
^anything made of hide or skin : taurea terga, cymbals made of bull's hide,
Ov. ; et venit adversi in tergum Sulmonis, and comes upon the shield of
Sulmo, who stands in front of it, Virg. ; per linea terga, [piercing] through
the linen covering (of the shield), Virg. ; taurnnim tergora septem, a shield
made of seven bulls' hides or seven layers of bulls' hide, Ov. ; Erycis tibi
terga remitto, I give up in your favour the castas (the boxing glove of
bull's hide) of Eryx, Virg.
tennea, Itis. m. A bough when cut off.
Terminalia, tun. pL «. The festival of the god Terminus, on Feb. 23."
termlnatio, onis.J'. 1. A fixing, a determining of bounds or limits.
2. An arrangement : versus inventus est terminatione aurium, verse was
invented by the ear fixing the rythm, Cic.
termino, as. c. a. 1. To set bounds to, to mark off by boundaries.
2. To bound, to limit, to circumscribe. 3. To define. 4. To set
bounds to, to close, to terminate.
terminus, i. m. 1. A boundary, a boundary line, a limit, a bound. 2.
The god Terminus, the protector of boundaries.
ternoa, a, urn. adj. 1. Triple, threefold. 2. (In pi.) Three each,
three apiece. 3. Three.
tiro, is, trivi, tritum. v. a. 1 . To rub, to rub to pieces, bruise, to
grind, to thrash : terit unguibus herbas, she tears the grass with her
nails, Ov.; dentibus in querno stipite tritis, with teeth sharpened against
the trunk of an oak, Ov.; cahuno trivisse labellum, to have rubbed your
lip with a flute, i. e. to have played the flute, Virg.; bis frugibus area
trita est, twice the thrashing-floor has had corn thrashed on it, i. e. two
years have passed, Ov. 2. To rub up, to polish : hinc radios trivere
rotis, from this wood they have smoothed {or made) spokes for wheels,
Virg. 3. To wear away by rubbing, to wear out, to wear away by
constant use, to make common : quod legeret tereretque . . . publicus usus,
which the public might read and be continually studying, Hor. 4.
To travel over, to be constantly travelling over, to frequent, to haunt.
5. To pass (time).
terra, ae. / 1. The earth, the globe. 2. Earth, land, the ground.
3. A country, a region, a territory : ubi terrarum esses, in what part of
the world you were, Cic; huic terree filio, nescio cui committere epistolam
tantis de rebus non audeo, 1 do not dare to give a letter about such im
portant matters to this low fellow, Cic
terrenus, a, urn. adj. 1 . Consisting of earth. 2. Of or belonging to
the earth, earthly, terrestrial. 3. ^Mortal (of a man) : terrena nuraina,
the deities that dwell on the earth, Ov. ; quicquid herbidi terreni extra
murum erat, whatever grassy land was outside the wall, Liv.
terreo, es. ni, Itum. v. a. 1. To frighten, alarm, terrify. 2. To drive
by terror, to frighten away. 3. (c. quominus and sul/j.) To deter,
terrestris, e. adj. Of or belonging to the earth or to the land, earthly,
terrestrial : terrestris exercitus, laud forces, and terrestria prcelia, land
battles (opp. to navalis), Nep.
terrrbllis, e. adj. Terrible, frightful, dreadful.
terricula, a?, f. An object to excite terror, a bugbear.
§terrIfIco, at. t>. a. To frighten, to alarm, to terrify.
540 TER-TES_
§terrificus, a, am. adj. Frightful, terrific, terrible, canting fear.
isterrlgena. 89. m.f. Karthbom, sprung from the earth.
*Stcrril8quus, a, urn. adj. Causing fear by what ia said.
territo, at. v. a. To frighten, alarm, terrify.
territorium. i. a. A territory, a domain.
territus. a, am. part. pass. fr. terreo.
terror, oris. m. 1. Terror, fear, dread, consternation, alarm. 2. An
object of terror, an object to frighten, to excite fear : terror externus, and
t. peregrinus, a dread of foreign enemies, Liv,; ejus vim dicendi terror-
emque timuerunt, they feared the terrific energy of his eloquence (of Peri
cles), Cic.
tersus, a, am. pari. pats. fr. tergeo, q. v.
tertradeclmani. 0Txaa.pl. m. The soldiers of the 13th legion.
tertianus, a, am. adj. 1. (Of a fever) Tertian. 2. Belonging to the
third legion.
tcrtio adv. 1. For the third time. 2. In the third place, thirdly.
tertium. adv. For the third time.
tertiua, a, um. adj. Third.. tertiusdecinius. Thirteenth.
teruncms, i. m. 1. A quarter of an as, a farthing, (lit. and more utu.
metaph.) the merest trifle. 2. The fourth part of anything.
tesqoa. Oram. pL n. Rough wild districts, wastes, deserts, desolate places.
Jtessella, a. f. A small square bit of stone (for pavements, etc).
tessera, ae. /., and dim. tesserila, ffi. 1. A cube, a die (marked on all
six sides: see tains). 2. A square tablet on which the watchword was
written, a watchword, a countersign. 3. + A token divided between two
friends as a sign of perpetual (hospitium) friendship. 4. J A square bit
of wood or stone for pavements. 6, JA ticket : frumenti tessera, a
ticket to entitle the holder to corn, Juv.
tesserarius, i. m. The officer who receives the watchword from the
general.
testa, 89. f. 1. A piece of burnt clay, a tile, a brickbat, a potsherd r
testarum suflragiis, by the vote on potsherds [quod illi oarpaKtOfJ)*
vocant], Nep. 2. An earthern jar, pitcher, or jug (esp. of wine): testa
cum ardente viderunt scintillare oleum, when they saw the oil emit sparks
in the burning (earthen) lamps, Virg. 3. The shell (of testaceous fish),
$a shell-fish: lubrica testa premebat aquas, a slippery covering (of ice)
bound the waters, Ov.
testameatarius, a, am. adj. Of or relating to wills.
testamentum. i. n. A will.
testatio, onis. / 1. t A bearing witness. 2. A calling to witness:
inter fcederum ruptorum testationem, while invoking the Gods as witnesses
to the violation of the treaty, Liv.
teitatoa, a, am. part fr. testor, q. v. ; used also in pass, sense as adj, c
compar. etc. Proved, attested, evident, notorious.
testiculus. i. »i. 1. A testicle. 2. Vigour.
testificatio. onis./. 1. A bearing witness or testimony, a giving evi
dence. 2. Attestation, evidence, proof.
testlfloor. iris. r. dep. 1. To bear witness, to give evidence, to testify,
to attest. 2. To declare publicly, to testify, i. e. to show clearly, ti»
be evidence or proof of. 3. To call to witness, to invoke as a wituess;
/•")•/. testificatus, sometimes in pass, sense.
testimonium, La. 1 . Testimony, evidence, attestation. 2. Proof.
testis, is. m.f 1. A witness, one who bears or can bear witness, who
gives evidence. 2. §An eyewitness, a spectator. 3. A testicle.
testor, arts. v. dep. 1. To be a witness, to witness, i. e. bear witness, to*
give evidence, to testify, to attest. 2. To make known, to show clearly.
3. To declare publicly, to assert solemnly, to affirm, to aver. 4. To
make a will. 5. To call to witness, to invoke as a witness.
gtestu (only found in this abl). An earthen pot, a lid of an earthen poL
 TES — THE 541
testudlneus, a, am. adj. Made of tortoiseshell.
testudo, inis. /. I. A tortoise. 2. Tortoiseshell. 3. A lyre, a
harp, a lute (the first lyre having been made by Mercury of the shell of a
tortoise )■ 4. An arch, a vaulted roof (convex like the shell of a tortoise).
6 A shed to cover soldiers in sieges. 6. A shelter formed by soldiers
locking their shields together above their heads. 7. JThe akin of a
hedgehog,
testula, SB./. A voting tablet among the Athenians.—See testa. 1.
teter, tra, tram. adj. 1. Hideous, noisome, offensive, repulsive. 2.
Shameful, disgraceful, abominable.
Tethys, yos./°. 1. The wife of Oceanus, and mother of the sea nymphs,
etc. 2. §The sea.
tetradrachmom, i. n. [Ttrpitpaxiiov.] A Greek silver coin of 4 drachms.
-Utrarches, ae. m. {rtTpipxns.] 1. The ruler of the fourth part of a dis
trict, a tetrarch. 2. A petty prince,
tetrarchia, m. f. A tetrarchy, the district governed by a tetrarch.
tetricus. a, tun. adj. Harsh, morose, austere, crabbed, stern,
^tetrastlchon, i. [Tiao-apa ffrfx«i.] An epigram of four lines.
Z tetriunio, is. ». n. To quack like a duck.
Tencrus, a, tun. adj. 1. Of Teucer, an ancient king of Troy. 2.
Trojan: Teucria, the Trojan kingdom.
Teuthranteus, and -ius, a, um. adj. Alysian, from Teuthras, an old king
of Mysia.
texo, is. ui, xtum. ?-. a. 1. To weave. 2. To twine, to plait (wreathes,
etc.), to put together, to fabricate, to make, to build. 3. To devise, to
contrive, to design.
textilis. e. adj. 1 . Woven : textilis pestis, a poisoned garment, Poet. ap.
Cic 2. +: Plaited, twined ; n. as sulsl., anything woven, a piece of cloth,
cloth,
teztor, oris. m. A wearer.
textrinus, a, am. adj. Of weaving; n. as subst. 1. Weaving. 2,
t§A dockyard,
textum, i. 7i. 1. That which is woven, a web, a piece of cloth. 2.
2. That which is put together or made, a fabric, a work : pinea texta, a
ship, Ov.
+ttextu», us. m. Textnre, structure.
^thalamus, i m. [bd\cuu>t.] 1. A bed chamber. 2. A marriage bed.
3. Marriage, wedlock. 4. An abode, a home, a dwelling.
f Sthalassinus, a, am. adj. [SdAaaaa.] Seagreen.
Thalia. m.f. [StfAeia.] The muse of comedy and light poetry.
thallus, i. m. A green bough.
Thaumantias, adis, and -til, idis. /. The daughter of Thaumas (i.e.
Iris),
theatralis, e. adj. Of or belonging to a theatre, theatrical, scenic.
theatrum. i. n. [^tarpon.] 1. A playhouse, a theatre (used metaph. by
Virgil of the place where /Eneas celebrated the games in honour of An-
chises ; and generally of a place or arena for any kind of exhibition or
theatre of action). 2. The body of spectators in a theatre.
Thebanus, a, um. adj. Of Thebes, the chief city in Bceotia: Thebanus
Dens, Hercules, Prop.; Thebani duces, Eteocles and Polynices, Prop.;
Thebana soror, their sister Antigone, Ov. ; Thebani modi, the odes of
Pindar, Hor.
theca, 89. f. [3t)kt|.] A cover, a case, a sheath, an envelope.
theSlogus, i. m. [Stbr Aiya,] One who discusses the Gods and divine things,
a theologian,
thermae, ai um. pl.f. Warm springs, warm baths,
thesaurus, i. m. [hi\oavpbi.] 1. Anything laid up, a treasure, a store, a
hoard. 2. A treasure chamber, a treasury, a storeroom, a storehouse,
a repository, a magazine.
Thermodonteus and tiacus, a, am. adj. 1. Of theThermodon.ariver of
542 THE—TIE
Pontus, on the banks of which the Amazon! dwell. 2. Of the Amazon*,
Amazonian.
Thessallcus, and Thessalus, a. nm. adj. Thessalian : Thessalicum ventnam
drugs of magical power, Ov. Ilor. ; Thessalicus axis, the chariot of Achillea,
Ov. ; Thessala tela, the arms of Achillea, Prop. ; Theuali ignes, the fire* in
the Grecian camp, Ilnr.
Jtheta. indecl. (8). The Greek letter 8 ; the letter of condemnation, as the
initial of SiavaTOS.
Thetis, idis. /. 1. A sea Goddess, mother of Achilles. 2. J|The sea.
theasus, i. m. \plaaos.~[ A dance in honour of Bacchus.
tholus, i. m. [£>6\oi. ] A dome, a cupola, a rotunda,
thorax, acis. aci. aca. m. [Mfi)J.] A breastplate, a cuirass,
thureui. thni, etc.— See tureus, tu«.
Thracius, and Threlcius, a, nm. and Thrax. -acis. n., Threissa. /, and
Thressa, ae. adj. Thracian: Threicius sneerdos, Orpheus, Virg.; Threicia
Ivra, the lyre of Orpheus, Prop.; anime Thraciae, the North-wind, Hor.
— See Threx.
thynnus, i. m. [burros.] A tunny fish,
thymbra, w.f. [diftSpa.] Savory (a herb),
thymum, L n. Wild thyme,
thyrsus, i. m. [S&ptros.] 1. A wand bound with ivy and vine-shoots
borne by Bacchus and the Bacchanalians. 2. ts A goad, a stimulus,
tiaras, es. m., and tiara, as. f. An Oriental headdress, a turban, a tiara,
tibia, SB./ 1. JThe shinbone. 2. A flute,
tlbicen. Inis. m. 1 . A fluteplayer. 2. A pillar of a building.
tjtibicina, 85. f. A female fluteplayer.
tigillum, i. n. A small beam, a slight rafter.
tignarius faber. A carpenter,
tignum, i. n. Wood for building, a log, a pole, a beam, a board, a plank :
tigna cava, hollow ships, Prop.
tigris, is, and idis. m.f. A tiger or tigress,
tilia, SB./! The linden or limetree.
tlmefactug, a, nm. adj. Terrified, alarmed, frightened.
timeo, es, ui, no sup. v. a. To fear, to dread, to be fearful, to be terrified,
to be alarmed (c ace. and sine c).
tlmide. adv. Timidly, fearfully.
tlmldltas, atis./ Timidity, cowardice, aptitude to fear,
tlmldns, a, tun. adj. I. Timid, fearful, cowardly, easily frightened, afraid
(sometimes c. gen. of the object) : eequi cultor timidnsque Deorum, one who
regards justice and has a proper reverence for the Gods, Ov.
timor, oris. »<. 1. Fear, dread, alarm, consternation. 2. Proper fear,
awe, reverence (for the Gods, etc.). 3. An object of fear, a terror.
Stinctilis, e. adj. In which something is dipped,
tinea, Sb.f. A worm, a woodworm, a bookworm, etc.
tinctus, a, nm. part. pais. fr. tingo ; also as adj. Tinctured with, imbued
with (of people with accomplishments, etc); a. pi. as sabsl., variegated
Btuffs.
tingo, is, nxi, notnm. v. a. 1. To wet, to moisten, to bathe : te meii
tingere poculis, to give you my wine (lit. to bathe you in my cups), Hor.
2. To soak in colours, to dye, to tinge, stain,
tinnio, Is. t>. «. and a. 1. To ring (as money), to chink, to tingle.
2. (v. a.) To ring down money (i. e. to pay). 3. f»To scream, to sing
with a squeaking voice.
tinnitus, us. m. 1. A ringing of metal (such as the playing on cymbals).
2. :; A jingling, a jingle of words,
tinnfilus, a, nm. adj. Ringing (of metal), jingling, shrill.
+Jtintinnabulum, i. n. A bell.
+tintinno, as, and §tint!no, as. v. n. To tingle, to ring,
tiro, onis. m. 1. A newly enlisted soldier, a recruit. 2. A beginner
(in anything). 3. §A young man.
 TIR—T0L 543
tirocinium, i. it, 1. A recruit's first military service, first campaign.
2. (lu pi.) The body of recruits, the raw levies. 3. The first attempt or
essay at anything.
itlrunculas, i. in. A recruit, a beginner.
Tirynthiui, a, urn, adj. 1. Of Tiryns, a town in Argolis, where Hercules
was brought up. 2. Of Hercules; m. as subst., Hercules.
Titan, anis. m. The Sun; (in //.'.) the giants. TItanius and -niacus. a,
um. Of the giants: Titania, Latona (as daughter of the Titan, Coeus.), Pyrrha
(as daughter of Prometheus), Diana (as sister of the Sun) ; all in Ov.
tltillatio, onis. /. A tickling.
tltillo, as. r. a. To tickle, (lit. and metaph.) to excite.
tltubanter. adc. Hesitatingly, stammeringly, falteringly.
tltubo. as. v. n. 1. To stagger, to stumble, to totter; (of the tongue) to
stammer, to stutter. 2. To hesitate, to filter, to be embarrassed ; (pass.
imptrs.): in quacunque sit ejus parte titubatuiu, in whatever part of it (of
a verse ) there is any baiting, Cic.
tltilus, i. m. 1. A superscription, inscription, placard bearing an in
scription, and put on anything, a label (sometimes esp. a notice of sale, an
advertisement) : sub titulum nostras misit Lares, she has put up our house
hold Gods for sale, Ov. ; noctumis titulos imponimus actis, we give, as it
were, public notice of what we do by night, Ov.; titulo res digna 6epulchri,
a fact worthy of being mentioned on her tomb, Juv. 2. A title, an
honourable appellation : prions Punici perpetrati belli titulus, the credit of
having terminated the former Punic war, Liv. 3. A reason alleged, a
pretext, a plea.
tflcuiio, onis. m. [tokos.] An usurer.
tofus, i. in. Sandstone.
toga, ae./ 1. A robe, a gown (esp. the outer garment of a Roman citi
zen in time of peace) ; toga praetexta, the robe of magistrates and of free-
bom children ornamented with a purple stripe ; toga pura, the robe
without this stripe, worn by older youths, more usu. called toga virilis ;
toga Candida, the white robe worn by candidates for office ; toga pulla,
the robe of mourners. 2. §Peace. 3. §A woman of loose character
(as such were not allowed to wear the stola).
togatus, a, um. adj. Wearing the toga : gens togata, the Romans,
Virg. (m. as suljs!.). ]. A Roman citizen (as opp. to a foreigner or a
soldier). 2. JA client, a Roman of low rank. (/. at stibst.) 1. (sc
fabula) A play treating of Roman subjects (opp. to palliata, a play derived
from Greek sources). 2. A prostitute : Gallia togata, the portion of Gal
lia Cisalpina south of the Po.
tolerabllis, e. adj. 1. That may be bome, bearable, endurable. 2.
tEnduring, patient.
tMeraMUter. adv. Patiently.
tolerans, antis. part, of tolero ; used also as adj., c. gen. Able to endure,
enduring, patient.
tdlexanter. adv. Patiently, enduringly.
tilerantia, m.f. An enduring, bearing, endurance.
toleratus, a, um. pari. past. fr. tolero ; also as adj., c. compar. Endurable,
acceptable.
tolero, as. v. a. 1. To bear, endure, support (pain, etc.). 2. To sup
port, sustain, maintain. 3. (As v. n.) To continue one's endurance, to
endure suffering.
tolleno, onis. in. A crane to lift weights (esp. to raise water).
tollo, is, sostoli, subl&tom. v. a. 1. To lift up, to raise up, to lift, to
raise, to elevate, to exalt: sublatis ancoris, having weighed anchor, Cats.;
quod valet .... ad augendum aliquid et tollendum altius, which avails
for increasing the importance of anything and extolling it more highly, Cic;
Daphnin tolleraus ad astra, we will extol Daphnis to the skies, Virg.; bus-
tulere illi animos, they have picked up courage, Liv.; ni .... sic No-
mentanus amicuin tolleret, if Nomentanus had not thus raised his friend's
544 TOL — TOR
spirits, Hor. 2. tTo take up, i. e. adopt, educate, etc (children). 3.
(Rare) To beget. 4. (Metaph.) To raise, to rouse. 5. To take
away, to take off, to remove. 6. To take off, put out of the way, i. r.
kill. 7. To do away with, to annul, to abrogate, to cancel : nisi tolli
diem utile est, unless it is desirable for the whole day to be wasted (to be
nmde no day at all), Cic.—See sublatus.
ftolutim. adv. At full trot, trotting.
*t6maculum, i. «. A sausage.
Jtomentum, i. n. Stuffing fur cushions.
tondeo, ei, totondi, tonsum. o. a. 1. To shear, to clip, to cut close, to
shave. 2. To crop (herbage for food), to graze or browse upon, to
gather (flowers, etc.). 3. t To fleece, to plunder (c. abl. of what is
go')-
+Jt8rijtrali«, e. adj. Thundering.
toniirus, us. in., and tonltruum, i. n. (usu. in ;)/.). Thunder, a thunder
storm.
tono, as, uL v. n. and a. 1. (v. ». ) To thunder. 2. To make a loud
noise, to sound loudly. 2. §To utter or invoke in a voice of thunder, to
call loudly ou : (often as impers.) hinc tonat, on the one side it thunders,
Ov.
Stonsa, te.f. An oar.
; tousHis, e. adj. Clipped, that may be clipped.
tonsillae, arum, pi f. The tonsils in the throat
tonsor, oris. m. A barber, a haircutter.
tonsorius, a, am. adj. Of or belonging to sharing : tonsorius culter, a
razor, Cic.
tonstrlciila. 89., and ft tonstrix, icis. f. A female haircutter or barber.
+ton8trina, as. /. A barber's shop.
I "tousura, as./'. A shearing, clipping, cutting (of hair), shaving.
ftonsus, us. m. The mode of cutting the hair, the cut of the hair.
tophus.—See tofus.
topiarius, a, um. %adj. Of ornamental gardening; m. as raid., an orna
mental gardener ; f. as suhst., the art of laying out a garden, of trimming
trees into fantastic shapes, etc.
topica, drum. pi. n. Topics, the title of a work of Aristotle.
topice, es. /'. [ Tiiiros."! The art of finding topics.
toral, alia. n. The valance of a couch.
toreuma, atis. n. [T<jp<v>>a.] Work executed in relief, embossed work.
tormentum, i. n. [torqueo.] I. An engine for hurling missile weapons.
2. A missile hurled or shot from such an engine. 3. A cord, a rope.
4. An instrument of torture, a rack. 5. Torment, torture, pain: tu lene
tormentum ingenio admoves, you apply a gentle pressure to the mind (so
as to make it relax from its gravity or discover its secrets : set torqueo,
3.), Hor.
tormina, um. pZ. n. Pain in the bowels, colic.
tornrinosus, a, um. adj. Subject to colic.
torno, as. v. a. To turn in a lathe, to round off, (metaph.) polish (verses).
tornus, i. m. A turning lathe.
torosus, a, um. adj. Muscular, brawny, lusty.
torpedo, inis. f. 1. Sluggishness, mental torpor, listlessness. 2. The
electric ray, the torpedo.
torpeo.es, ui, no sup. v. n. 1. To be benumbed, stiff, torpid, slngcisb.
inactive, listless, to be void of all energy. 2. To be stupified, astounded
(with fear, surprise, etc.) : torpens palatum, a palate that has lost its sense
of taste, Ov.; cum Pausiaca torpes tabella, when you stand motionless with
admiration before a picture of Pausias, Hor. ; [saying] frigere et torpere
senis consilia, that the counsels of the old man were cold and spiritless,
Liv.
torpesco, is, pui, no sup. v. n. To become torpid or motionless, to grow in
active, indolent, listless, to become void of power or energy.
 TOR— TEA 545
torpidos, a, am. adj. Torpid, benumbed, motionless.
torpor, oris. m. 1. Numbness, torpor, want of energy or activity. 2.
Stupefaction (arising from fear, surprise, etc.).
torquatns, a, tun. adj. Wearing a chain or necklace, necklaced.
torqueo. es, si, torn. v. a. 1. To turn about, to twist, to bend, to wind.
2. To twist awry, to distort : ferro torquere capillos, to twist your hair
with the curling-iron, Ov. ; nuuttc adnixi torquent spumas, the sailors,
leaning on their oars, turn up the foam, Virg. 2. To whirl round (in
the act of throwing), to fling, to hurl, to throw. 3. To wrench,
(limbs) to torture, to rack, (lit. and metaph.) to torment : torqueor, I am
tortured with anxiety, Ov. ; reges dicuntur . . . torquere mero quem perspex-
isse labnrant, kings are said to rack with wine (as the rack was applied
to a criminal or a witness to discover secrets) the man whom they
desire to know thoroughly, Ilor. 4. To wrest, to distort (arguments,
etc.') : torta quercus, a garland of twisted oak leaves, Virg.
torquis, and ^torques, is. m.f. 1. A neckchain, necklace, collar. 2.
A collar to harness oxen. 3. A wreath, a ring,
torrens, entis. part, of torreo; also as adj. 1. Burning (as a man in the
sun), inflamed. 2. Violent, rushing, esp. rushing in a torrent (of water,
rivers, etc). 3. ^Vehement, violent (of an orator, etc.).
torrens, entis. m. A torrent, a furious stream.
torreo, ea, rui, tostum. v. a. 1. To parch, roast, bake, scorch, burn.
2. To dry up (with heat). 3. §To inflame with lore.
+ S torresco, is, rni. r. n. To become dried up.
torridus, a, urn. adj. 1. Dried up, parched, burnt up : frigore torrida,
pinched with cold, frostbitten. 2. §Burning, hot. 3. Shrivelled.
torris, is. m. A brand, a firebrand (not necessarily lighted).
+§torte. adv. Crookedly, awry,
tortllis, 6. adj. Twisted, twined : tortile collo auram, a twisted gold chain
for the neck, Virg.; tortilis piscis, a fish with flexible body, Ov.
+§torto, as. v. a. To torture.
tortor, iris. m. A torturer, an executioner (lit. and metaph.).
tortudsus, a, am. adj. 1. Full of turns, winding, tortuous. 2. En
tangled, involved, obscure.
tortus, a, us. part. pais. fr. torqueo, q. v.
tortus, us. m. A twisting, coiling, winding, a coil or fold (of a serpent).
torus, i. /». 1. tA protuberance, a knot. 2. Muscle, brawny flesh.
3. A bed, a couch : cum consorte tori, with the partner of his bed, i. e. his
-wife, Ov.; tu mihi juncta torn, you are joined to me in wedlock, Or.; addit
aliquos, ut in corona, toros, he adds some projecting tornaments (to his
speech) as if he were weaving a garland, Cic.
Jtorvltas, atis. f. Sternness of look,
torvus, a, urn. adj. Stem looking, fierce looking, grim, fierce, savage (a.
sing, and pi. as adv.; torva tuens, looking fiercely, Virg.
tostus, a, urn. part. past, of torreo, q. v., burnt, roasted, baked.
tot. indecL So many (often answered by quot, quantus, etc.): tot . . . q;.ot, as
many ... as.
totidem. indcel The same as tot : dixerit insanum qui me, totidem audiet,
he who calls me mad shall be told the same by me, Hor.; mille talenta ro-
tundentur: totidem altera, let a round sum of 1000 talents be madeup:add
as many more, Hor.
toties. adv. So often (often answered by quoties, quot, etc.) : quotiescun-
que dico toties mihi videor . . ., every time I say this I seem . . ., Cic
totus, a, am. gen totlus, dat. toti, also toto, totae. 1. All, i. e. the whole
of, whole, entire, total : totum in eo est, all depends on this, Cic; totus in
illis, wholly absorbed in them, Hor.; ex toto, altogether, in toto, on the
whole, in general,
toxlcum, i. «, Poison, prop.; that in which arrows were dipped,
trabalis, is. adj. Of or belonging to a beam : clavus trabalis, a large nail : ut
hoc beneficium, quemadmodum dicitur, trabali clavo figeret, to clench this
646 TEA
k i initios*, iu they say, Cic. ; telo t rabali ferit, he strikes him with a huge
javelin (like a weaver'i beam), Virg.
trabea. as./. A robe of mate for kings, augurs, knights, etc.
trabeatus, a. tun. adj. Wearing the trabea.
trabs, and trabea, is. /. 1 . A beam, a piece of solid timber. 2. §A
tree. 3. Anything made of timber, esp. a ship : sub trabe citrea, under
a ceiling of citrus wood, Hor.
tractabllis, e. That may be easily handled, manageable, tractable, quiet i even
of the wind, weather, sea, etc.). 2. If ielding, docile, placable.
tractat io, onis. /. 1 . Handling, management, treatment (of anything, of
a subject in speaking, etc.). 2. A special use of a word (opp. to Datura,
its natural meaning).
ttractator, oris. m. : / -atrix, Icis. A shampooer.
tract&tus. us. m. Handling, management, treatment
tractim. adv. By drawing along, i. e. slowly, gently.
tracto, as. f. u. 1. §To drag, to tear. 2. To touch, to take in hand,
to handle. 3. To manage, to have the management of, the care of. to
wield (a weapon), to play (a harp), to conduct (war, etc.), to pass (life,
time, etc.), to practise (an art), to transact (a business) : tractare aminos,
to make an impression on men's minds (as eloquence), Cic; partes tractare
secundas, to perform the second or inferior character in a play, Hor.; quo
in munere ita se tractavit, in which office he behaved [or conducted him
self) in such a manner, Cic. 4. To treat (a person, or a subject of dis
cussion), to discuss, to handle (in conversation) : memori tractandum pec-
tore, to be considered in your mindful mind, i. e. to be recollected and
reflected on, Juv.
§tractum, i. n. A lock of wool drawn out for spinning.
tractus, a, um. part. pass. fr. traho, q. v., also as adj. Fluent (of style).
tractus, (is. in. 1. A drawing, dragging (of the motion of a serpent),
draught (a train or course along which a person or thing is drawn or goes,
etc.), progress, movement : longn per aera tracta fertur, he is borne through
the air in a long track (Phaethon falling like a star), Ov.; flammarura loo-
gos tractus, long trains of flame, Virg. 2. The extent to which a thing
is drawn out, extent, size (of a camp, a city, etc). 3. A track of
country, a district, a region. 4. A drawing out so as to protract,
drawling (of the voice). 6. §A stroke of a pen.
tradltio. onis./. 1. A giving up, a surrender. 2. JA tradition, u
account handed down to posterity (even in writing).
Jtradltor, 6ris. m. A betrayer.
trado, is, didi, ditum. r. a. (sometimes in Caes. transdo, c. dat except in
sense 5.). 1. To give up, to give from hand to hand, to hand over, to
deliver up, to surrender. 2. To commit, to entrust, to deliver to be
taken care of, etc. 3. To surrender treacherously, to betray. 4. To
transmit, to hand down to posterity, to bequeath, (lit, and more usu.
metaph.) to transmit an account of (in a book), to relate (in annals, etc.),
to deliver (preceptB), to teach. 5. (trado m«) To give oneself up to, t»
devote oneself to (a pursuit, an interest, etc.) (c. dat., or rare c in and
ace).
tradQco, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To lead, bring, conduct, carry, or trans
port (a person or thing) across or over (often c. dupl. ace.; see Bon Zot
Or., pp. 75, 76.) : equum traducere, to lead one's horse by the Censor, to
to pass muster (of a knight). 2. To divert (the attention, to lead from
one subject to another). 3. To bring over (a man to a party). 4.
To lead along (as a spectacle), to make a public show of, i. e. hold up to
ridicule, degrade. 5. JTo exhibit, to display. 6. To pass, spend
(life, time, etc.).
traductio, onis. / 1 . A removing, a transferring. 2. In the lapse or
passage (of time). 3. (In oratory) Repetition (of a word),
traductor, oris. m. A transferrer (said of Pompev as having aided in the
removal of Clodiua from a patrician to a plebeian tribe).
 TEA 547
ttridux. fieis. m. A layer of a Tine (for propagating the kind).
tragice. ade. After the manner of a tragedy, or a tragedian.
tragicus, a, tun. adj. 1. Of or belonging to tragedy, to tragic poets or
actors, tragical, tragic, represented in tragedy. 2. Sublime, lofty in style.
3. Tragical, i. e. sad, horrible; m. as subst., a tragic poet.
tragcedia, tb.f. [ruay<fola.'\ 1. A tragedy. 2. A tragic (i. e. elevated)
style. 3. A spectacle, a great commotion : si tragoedias agamus in nugis,
if we make much ado about nothing, Cic
tragtBdns, L m. A tragedian, a tragic actor.
tragiila, a./. A javelin, a dart.
tragus, i. m. 1. A kind of fish. 2. JThe 8meu of the armpits.
trahea, se.f. A sledge.
traho, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1. To draw, to drag, to drag away or along, to
draw out (c ex or de and abl. of that out of which). 2. To draw to
gether, to contract, to wrinkle (the face). 3. To draw in, to inhale
(air), to drink : Servilius exiqua in spe trahebat animam, Servilius was
dragging on his life with but little hope of recovery, Liv. 4. To draw
to oneself; to acquire, to derive. 5. To carry off, to steal, to seize as plunder t
omnibus modis pecuniam trahunt, they squander money in every way, Sail.
6. §To draw out, ( wool, i. e.) to spin. 7. To draw, to attract, to capti
vate, to allure, to win over, to gain over. 8. To drag on, to pass slowly,
uncomfortably, etc. (time, life, old age, etc). 9. To draw out, spin out,
i. e. protract, make long: tempore illi prsecepto, hi numero avium regnum
trahebant, the one party claimed the kingdom on account of the priority of
time (when they saw the birds), the other party on account of the number
of birds (which they saw), Liv.; capttc deem Note ad consulem trahebant,
they ascribed the credit of taking Nola to the consul, Liv.; in religionem
trahebant . . . ., they made it a matter of religion, i. e. looked upon it as an
offence to religion, Liv.
trajectio, onis. / 1. A passage, a going across (esp. across the sea).
2. Transposition. 3. Exaggeration.
trajectus. us. m. A passage (esp. across the sea).
trajicio, Is, jeci, jectum. o. a. 1. To throw, cast, fling, or shoot over or
across, to throw, to shoot, to cast. 2. To convey or transport across,
(often c dupl. ace) : exercittim Rhodannm trajeci, I made the army cross
the Rhone, Cic 3. Trajicio me, and often trajicio by itself, to pass,
to cross: si se Alpea Antonius trajecerit, if Antony should cross the Alps,
Cic. ; senatus censuit prime quoque tempore in Africam trajiciendum, the
senate decided that he was to cross over to Africa at the earliest oppor
tunity, Liv. 4. To transfer, to transpose. 5. To transfix, to pierce :
magna pars equitum mediant trajecit aciem, a great part of the cavalry
broke through the centre of the line, Liv.; trajicit alterno qui leve pondus
equo, he who leaps across as a light weight on (or transfers his light weight
to) another horse (of a desultor), Prop.
t *trama, se. /. The woof : trama figure, a lank figure, as thin as a thread,
Pers.
trames, Itai. m. 1 . A crossway, a bye-path, a path, a road, a way.
2. A path taken (i. e. course, progress). 3. fWay, method : versus
per antra trames, the Zodiac, Prop.
tramitto.—See transmitto.
trano, as. r. «. 1. To swim across or over. 2. §To fly through, pass
through.
tranquille. adv. Calmly, quietly, gently.
tranquillltas, atis. 1. Calm weather, a calm. 2. Tranquillity, quiet,
serenity (of mind, life, etc).
tranquillo, as. v. a. To render tranquil, quiet, serene, to tranquillise, to
calm, to compose.
tranquillus, a. urn. adj. Calm, tranquil, serene, peaceful, undisturbed, free
from agitation, composed : tranquilly tuss quidem littene, your letters in
K K 2
548 TEA
deed speak only of peace, Cic. ; in tranquillo, in qniet, Lir. ; republic! in
trnnquillum redacts, the republic being restored to tranquillity, Lir.
trans, prep. (c. ncc). 1. Across, over, to the other side of. 2. On the
other side of, beyond.
transabeo. Is, Ivi, Itum. v. a. To pierce, to transfix (as a weapon).
transactor, oris. m. A transactor, a manager (of affairs).
transactus. a, am. pari. pans. fr. transigo, q. v.
ijtrans&dlgo, is, egi, actnm. v. a. 1. To thrust through, to make to
pierce (c. dupl. ace). 2. To pierce, to transfix (with a weapon).
transalpine, a, urn. adj. On the other side of the Alps, Transalpine.
transcends, is, di, sum. r. a. and n. 1. (v. a.) To climb over, to cross
by climbing, by mounting over, to pass (hills, high paths, walks, etc., or
Jeven a river). 2. To overstep, to transgress. 3. (r. a.) To pass over,
to cross over (c. in and ace of the place to which).
transcribo, is, psi. ptum. v. a. 1 . To transcribe, to copy out. 2. To
transfer (to another person or place, c. dat): ut in socios nomina trans-
criberent, to transfer the debts of people among the allies, Liv.
transcurro, is, com, and Jcucurri, cursum. c. n. 1. To run by, to pais
by (even of a ship), to hasten by. 2. To cross over, (metaph.) to digress.
3. To pass through, to hasten through, to traverse. 4. To run through
(i. e. arrive at the end of): (past, impers.) in altera transcursum castra ah
Romania est, the Romans crossed over to the other camp, Liv.
transenna, ss. / 1. f A rope, a noose, a springe, a trap: quam per transen-
nam praUereuntes strictim aspeximus, which we have taken a cursory
glance at (where some interpret transenna " a lattice," so that it would
mean strictly " looking in through a lattice;" others, " a rope stretched as
a barrier to keep people at a distance,'1 so that it would mean, u passing
along a barrier," i. e. " which we have had a distant and therefore a slight
view of.")
transeo, Is, Ivi, itum. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To cross over, to gi
across, to pass by, to pass over, to pass on, to go over (often to a new
party or subject (c. ad and ace). 2. (c. in and ace.) To be changed
into, to be transformed into. 3. To pass by, to pass away (as time,
etc.). 4. (v. a.) To pass over, to cross, to pass through, to pass by
(a river, a mountain, a town, etc.). 5. To pass by, to leave unnoticed,
untouched, unmentioned, etc. 6. To go beyond, i. e. to overstep, trans
gress, violate, (rare) to pass (life, time, etc.) : (pass, impers.) a dignitate
transitum est ad hnnestatem, we passed on from what was dignified to
what was honourable (in a discussion), Cic.
transfaro, fers, tflii, latum, c. a. irr. 1. To carry, bring, conTey or
transport over, across, from one place to another, to transfer, to remove.
2. To transcribe, to copy out. 3. To translate. 4. To use in a
figurative or metaphorical sense. 5. To defer, to postpone (c. in and
ace of the time to which).
transfigo, is, zi, lum. v. a. To transfix, to pierce, to run through: basts
transhxa, a spear thrust through a man, Virg.
transfodio, is, fodi. fossum. v. a. To run through, to stab, to pierce,
tjtransformis, e. adj. Transformed.
§transformo, as. t>. a. To transform, metamorphose, change.
trausfuga. 89. m. A deserter (lit. and metaph.).
transfigio, Is, fugi, fugitum. v. n. To go over to the enemy, to desert
(lit. and metaph.).
transfugium, i. n. Desertion, a going over to the enemy.
transfundo. is, fudi, fusum. v. a. 1. To transfuse. 2. To transfer.
3. To diffuse.
transfusio, onis. / 1. {Transfusion. 2. Migration.
transgxedior, eris, gressus snm. c. dtp. 1. To step across or over, to go
over, to go across (by land or sea), to cross over (c. ace of the thing
crossed, c. in and ace of the place or party to which one crosses). 2.
 TEA 549
t To go beyond, to surpass ( part. per/, transgressus, sometimes in pats.
sense).
transgressio, onis./, and Jtransgressus, us. m. A going across, a passing
- over, a passage.
translgo, is, egi, actum, r. a. 1. % To pierce, to run through, to transfix.
2. To do, to do thoroughly, to transact, to complete, to finish, to conclude,
to despatch (business, etc.). 3. To settle (a disputed matter), to come
to a settlement (c. cum and abl. of the opposite party). 4. JTo pass
(time, etc.): trausigite cum expeditionibus, have done with expeditions,
Tac
transJlio, Is, ni, and t*-ivi, snltam. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n. and a.) To
leap over, to leap across, to spring over, to hasten across (c. ace. or sine c).
2. (In writing or speaking) To pass over, skip, omit to mention.
transito, as r. a. (Rare) To pass through.
transitio. onis./., and transitus, us. m. 1. A passing over, a passing, a
passage. 2. A passing over to another party, desertion. 3. The
passing (of a disease) from one to another, infection. 4. A transition :
transitus ipse tamen spectantia lumina fallit, but the change from one
colour to another, (the delicate shading) itself deceives the eyes that
behold it, Ov.
transjicio, etc.—See trajicio.
translaticius, a, urn. adj. I. Preserved by transmission, customary :
edictum translaticium, an edict copied by an officer or governor from those
of his predecessors as a matter of course, Cic. 2. Common, ordinary,
usual.
translatio, onis. /. 1 . A transferring, a removing or shifting from one to
another. 2. A metaphor. 3. ' A translation.
translative, a, um. atij. That requires to be transferred.
translator, oris. m. One who transfers, a transferrer : [Verres] translator
quaesturw, who transferred the interest of the quaestorship (Rnd especially
the public money which was in his charge as quaestor) to Sulla's partv,
Cic.
transluceo, es, zi, no sup. v. n. 1. To shine through, to be transparent,
brilliant 2. +To shine across, to be reflected.
transmarinus, a, run. adj. What is or comes from or goes across the sea,
transmarine, foreign.
t*transmeo, as. r. a. To go through, to go across or beyond.
transmlgro, as. v. n. To migrate, to remove one's abode from one place to
another.
transmissio. Sail. /, and transmissus, us. A passing over, passage (of
a sea, strait, or river) : pari spatio transmissus, the passage is the same
distance, Cses.
transmitto, or tramitto, is, misi, missum. v. a. I. To send or despatch
over or across. 2. To convey, carry, or transport across. 3. To
transfer, to transmit. 4. To conduct thiough, to permit to pass through.
5. To commit, to entrust. 6. +To let go, to resign. 7. To pass
over, to cross over, to pass, to cross, to traverse. 8. To pass over, i. e.
to omit to mention, to neglect: eandem vim in me trausmittere, to em
ploy the same force against me, Tac.
transmontanus, a, um. adj. Transmontane, beyond the mountains.
tttransmSveo, es, movi, motum, r. a. To transfer, to remove.
Stransmuto. as. v. a. To change, to shift about.
transnato, as. r. a. To swim across or over.
Transpadanus, a, um. adj. On the other side of the river Po.
t Stranspectus, us. m. A looking through, a seeing through.
fStranspicio, Is, spezi, spectum. v. a. To see beyond, to see on the other
side.
t transpono. is, posui, positum. c. a. To transport, to transfer.
transporto, as. v. a. To carry, convey, or transport across (sometimes c.
dupl. ace.).
N N 3
550 TEA-TRE
transtruni, i. n. A bench for rowers.
transulto, as. v. n. To leap across, to leap, to spring.
transuo, is, ni, utum. v. a. 1. JTo sew through. 2. To pierce.
trans- or tra-vectio, onis. f. 1. A carrying or transporting across.
2. JA passing by (as troops who are being reviewed).
transveho, is, xi, ctum. v. a. 1 . To carry, convey, conduct, or transport
across or over. 2. To carry, to carry along (esp. in procession). 3.
(In past.) To ride, drive, or sail across. 4. (Iu past.) To pass by, ride
by (of troops who are being reviewed, etc),
transverbero, as. v. a. To pierce, to transfix.
transversarius, a. am. adj. Transverse, lying across.
transversus, a, am. pari.; used as adj. 1. Lying across or athwart,
transverse, crosswise : transverso ambulans forn, walking across the forum.
2. In a cross or contrary direction, i. e. unfavourable : discedere a recta
conscientia transversum unquem, to depart a nail's breadth from a right
conscience, Cic; transverso calamo, running his pen across them, Hot.;
mutate conversa fremunt . . . venti, the wind has changed and roars iu a
contrary direction (is become contrary and stormy), Virg.; de transverso,
contrary to expectation, unexpectedly, Cic; e transverso, on the contrary,
Cic.
transvoio, as, and tStransrvolito, as. 1. To fly over, to fly across,
( metaph.) to pass rapidly over, to hasten over. 2. To pass over, i. e. to
neglect, to disdain,
trapetua, i. m. An olive mill, an oil mill,
ftrapezita, se. m. [Tpawtfa] A banker.
trfipezophoron, i. n. A pedestal, a handsome base or leg of a table.
treceni, 89. a. pi. adj. 1. 300 apiece, 300 each. 2. Three hundred.
trecenterimus. a, am. adj. Three hundredth.
trecenti, as, a. pi. adj. 1. Three hundred. 2. § Innumerable,
trecentus. adv. Three hundred times,
tredecies. adv. Thirteen times.
tredecim. undecL Thirteen."
tremebunduj, a. am. adj. Trembling, quivering,
tremefacio. Is, feci, factum, v. a. To cause to tremble, to shake.
tremendus, a, um, gerundive of tremo, q. v., used also as adj. Tremendous,
terrible, fearful, awful, to be dreaded,
tremisco, is, no pert, and tremo, is, ni, no sup. v. n. and a. 1. (r. *.)
To tremble, to quiver, to shake. 2. (r. a.) To tremble at, to feat, to
dread.
tremor, oris. m. 1. Tremor, a trembling, a shaking. 2. § A trembling
of the earth, an earthquake. 3. J An object of dread,
tremulus, a, um. adj. 1. Trembling, tremulous, quivering, unsteady,
flickering. 2. Causing one to tremble (as cold).
trepldanter. adv. With trepidation, with anxious haste.
trepidatio, onis. f. I. Trepidation, trembling hurry, agitation. 2.
Alarm, confusion,
treplde. adv. Tremblingly, with trepidation, in or through alarm, with the
haste and confusion arising from fear.
trepldo, as. v. n. 1. To hurry with alarm, to be in a state of confusion,
agitation, or trepidation, to be in disorder. 2. To hurry, to hasten, to
be anxious. 3. §To tremble, to quiver, to flicker, to throb (as the
heart, etc.) : obliquo labor.it lympha fugax trepidare rivo, the passing
stream labours to make its rapid way along iu winding channel, Hor.;
(pass, as impers.) totis trepidatur castris, there is disorder in every part of
the camp, Cies.
trepldus, a, am. adj. 1. In a state of trepidation, disorder, or confusion,
agitated, disturbed, restless, in anxious hurry, in a hurry. 2. Atamted,
frightened : Messenii trepidi rerum euarum, the Messenians alarmed for
. their property, Liv. 3. Trembling, quivering, shaking, throbbing,
flickering: trepidum ahenum, a bubbling caldron, Virg. 4. Causing
 TEE-TRI 551
persons to tremble, critical, dangerous : in re trepida, in a critical state of
affairs, Lit.; trepedis in rebus, in danger (as a soldier), Hor.
tret, tria. adj. pi. Three.
tresvlri, triumvirorum. pi. m. A board of three commissioners, appointed
for various purposes.
triangttlua, a, am. adj. Having three corners, triangular; n. as sulist., a
triangle.
triarii, orum. pi. m. The third line of soldiers in a Roman legion.
ttrlbas, adis. f. A debauched woman.
tribuarius, a, urn. adj. Of or relating to a tribe (esp. to bribing a
tribe).
tribulis, is. m. 1. One of the same tribe. 2. §One of the lower
orders, a poor person.
tribulum, i. is. A threshing machine.
tribulus. U, A kind of thistle.
tribunal, alia. n. 1. A platform on which the seats of magistrates were
raised, a judgment seat, a tribunal (used also by generals iu the camp).
2. J A monument.
tribunatus, us. m. The office of tribune, the tribuneship.
tribunlcius, a, am. adj. Of or belonging to a tribune; tn. as sul/st., one
who has been a tribune.
tribunus, i. ui. A tribune, a tribune of the people; tribuni serari, pay
masters who assisted the quaestors, and who by the Lex Aurelia were
made judges in criminal trials ; tribuni Celerum, captains of the Celeres.
Tribuni militares or militum. 1 . Officers, of whom there were six
in each legion, who commanded in turn, each two months at a time. 2.
Officers with consular power, who from a. v.c. 310 to 388 were elected
as the chief magistrates instead of consuls; they were at first 3, then 6, and
at last 8.
trlbuo, is, ui, atom. v. a. 1. To allot, impart, bestow, distribute. 2.
To give, to grant: oro ut earn misericordiam tribua tu fortissimo viro, I beg
you to show that pity for a most gallant man, Cic; silentium quod est
orationi trihutum tuse, the silence with which your speech was listened to,
Cic. 3. To grunt (i.e. concede, allow): mihi tribuebat omnia, he yielded
to, he deferred to me in everything, Cic. 4. To ascribe, assign, attri
bute, impute.
tribua, us./ [tres]. A tribe, a division of the Roman people, prop, a third
part of them, as the Patrician tribes were originally three. ServiusTulliui
divided the people into thirty tribes, which number, n. c. 241, was in
creased to thirty-five.—See Smith's Did. Ant. in voc
trlbutarius, a, um. adj. 1. Of, belonging to, or liable to pay tribute:
tabulae tributaries, letters of credit, Cic.
trlbutim. adv. By tribes, tribe by tribe, in separate tribes.
trlbutio, onis.y". Distribution.
tributum, La. 1. A fixed payment or contribution, a tax, a tribute. 2.
X A gift, a present.
tributus, a, um. adj. Comitia tribute, the assembly of the people in their
tribes.
tricae, arum. pi. f. 1. Toys. 2. Petty vexations, annoying tricks,
subterfuges, evasions.
triceni, as, a. pi. adj. 1. Thirty each, thirty apiece. 2. Thirty.
triceps, Ipltea. adj. m. f. Having three heads, three-headed.
triceslmus, a, um. adj. Thirtieth.
trichila, a\/. A bower, an arbour.
tricies. adv. Thirty times.
triclinium, L it. J. A couch running round three sides of a room, for re
clining on at meals. 2. A dining-room.
tricor, aria. v. dtp. To start trifling difficulties, to quibble, to shuffle.
jtricorpor, oris. adj. m.f. With three bodies.
Jtricuspis, Idia. adj. With three points (of a trident).
N N 4
552 TBI
trldens, entis. adj. 1. With three prongs, with three points ; (m. as rial.)
a harpoon. 2. The trident of Neptune. 3. A weapon used by the
gladiator called retiarius.
trldentlfer, and trldent'ger, 8ri ra. Wielding a trident,
trlluum, i. n. The space of three days, three dare,
triennia, ium. pin. A triennial festival, a festival recurring every three
years,
triens, entis. m. A third part of anything (esp. of an as) : §obo (in wine,
etc.) of a sextarius, equal to four cyathi
trientius tabuliusque, or (according to others) trientabulus ager, land
given for a third part of the money owed by the state, Liv. (xxxL 13.).
trierarchus, i. m. [rpfltpapxos.l The captain of a trireme,
trieris, ii.f. A ship with three banks of oars,
trieterlcus, a, am. adj. Celebrated every three years (of the festival of
Bacchus) : n. pi. as sulist., the feast or orgies of Bacchus.
trieteris, liia.f. 1. *A space of three years. 2. The festival of Bac
chus celebrated every third year.
trlf ariam. adv. In three ways, in three places, in or into three divisions.
trlfaux, oU. adj. With three throats, with three sets of jaws,
trlfldus, a, tun. adj. Cloven into three divisions, threeforked, forked.
Jtrif ilis, e. adj. With three hairs.
Sjtriformis, e. adj. Of triple form, with three bodies, with threefold nature
or character (of Diana ; of the world, as composed of three elements, earth,
air, and water ; or of the Chimaera).
trigeminus, a, urn, adj. Triple, threefold : trigemini fratres, the three twin
brothers (the Horatii and Curiatii), Liv.; trigeraina spolia, the spoils woo
from the Curiatii, Liv.
triginta. aided. Thirty.
trigon, onis. m. A kind of ball for playing with (esp. in the bath) : loroi
trigon, a game at ball, Hor.
trllibris, e. adj. Weighing three pounds,
trilinguis, e. adj. Having three tongues.
trilix. Icis. adj. With three threads, wrought with a triple tisane.
Jtrimestris, e. ad:. Of three months, lasting three months,
trfmetrus, tra, tram. adj. Trimeter, consisting of three measures of two feet,
trimus, a, am. adj. Three years* old.
Trinaoria, S3, and Trfnacus.'ldis./ Ope?s tucpa.] Sicily.
trlni, 89, a. adj. pi. Three, threefold, triple.
+trinoctialis, e. adj. Lasting three nights.
trinodis, e. adj. Having three knots, knotted (of a club),
trinundinum, i. (but some read trinum nundinum.) The time between two
market-days, the third market-day. —See nundinum.
Triones, urn, pi. m. The ploughing oxen, i. e. the constellation Charles's
Wain, or Ursa Major and Minor.—Sec Septentrio.
tripartita adv. In three divisions.
tripartitus, a, am. adj. In three divisions or bodies : tripartite, threefold-
-t-gtrlpectornj, a> run. adj. Having three breasts.
trfpedatis, e. adj. Three feet in measure, three feet long,
tripes, edis. adj. m.f. Having three feet (of a table, etc),
triplex, Idi. adj. [tres plico.] 1. Threefold, triple. 2. §Three;«.ss
subil., a triple portion, a triple share, three times as much,
trlplus, a, am. adj. Triple, threefold.
tripudio, as. v. n. To dance, to dance exultingly, to exult.
trlpudium, i. n. 1. A solemn measure, sacred dance nsed in religions cere
monies. 2. A dance. 3. A favourable omen derived from the ssctm
chickens eating so greedily that they dropped the grain out of their mouths
on the ground,
tripos, 6di». m. [rpfrovs.] 1. A tripod, a three-footed seat 2. (rjp.1
The tripod of the priestess at Delphi. 3. §(In pi.) An oracle.
 TEI-TRO 553
triqnStrm, a, urn, adj. 1. Triangular. 2. $ Sicilian.
trlremis, e. adj. [trea remus.J With three banks of oars; /. as subst., a
trireme, a ship with three banks of oars.
Jtriscurria, orum. pi. n. Gross buffooneries.
triste. adv. 1. Sadly, mournfully. 2. With difficulty. 3. Harshly.
tristlculus, a, um. adj. Bather out of spirits, sorrowful.
Stristif Icus, a, am. adj. Making sad, saddening.
tristis, e. adj. 1. Sad (of persons or things), sorrowful, melancholy, de
jected, desponding, unhappy, miserable. 2. (Of things) Grievous,
lamentable, mournful. 3. Gloomy looking, sombre looking. 4. Harsh,
austere, disagreeable (of persons or things, as a flavour etc.), morose, stern,
severe, strict.
tristltia. ae. 1. Sadness, dejection, grief, sorrow, unhappiness, a melancholy
condition (of persons or things). 2. Morosenes s, austerity, gloominess
of temper, harshness.
§trfsulcus, a, um. adj. Cleft into three forks or divisions, three forked.
triticeal, a, am. adj. Of wheat, wheaten.
tritlcum. i. n. Wheat
Tritinios, a, am, and Tritoniacus, a, am. adj. 1. Of Triton, a lake in
Africa, where, according to some fables, Minerva was born. 2. Of or
sacred to Minerva. Tritonia and Trltonis, Idis (as subst.). Minerva:
quid cum Tritonide pinu? what have I to do with the Argo of Minerva
(because the Argo was built at the suggestion of Minerva)? Ov.
tritura, 89./ Thrashing.
tritus, a, am. part. pass, fr. tero, q. v.; also as adj., c. compar. etc. 1.
Beaten, much trodden, frequented (of a road). 2. Practised, expert.
3. Much used, familiar, ordinary, common, commonplace.
tritus. us. m. A rubbing or wearing, a wearing away.
triumphalis, e. Of or belonging to a triumph : provincia maxime triura-
phalis, a province especially fertile in triumphs, Cic. ; triumphalia ornamenta,
the decorations worn in a triumph, Liv; triumphalis senex, an old man
who has triumphed, Ov.; imagines triumphales, the images of men who
have had triumphs, Hor.
triumpho, as. v. n. 1. To triumph, to celebrate a triumph. 2.
(Metaph.) To triumph, to exult, to be delighted. triomphatui. pats.
pari. Triumphed over, i. e. conquered, subdued.
triumphal, i. m. [3piau§us, a Bacchic procession.] 1. A triumph, i. e. a
solemn procession and entrance into the city of a Boman general after gain
ing a great victory. 2. (Metaph.) A triumph, a victory.
triomviralis, e. adj. Of or belonging to triumvirs.
triumviratus, us. m. The office of a triumvir, the triumvirate.
triumviri, orum. pi. m. A commission or board of three officers or magis
trates appointed for various purposes, a triumvirate (sometimes found in
the sing, triumvir, of an officer belonging to such a board): triumviri ca-
pitales, superintendents of the public prisons, Cic.; triumviri nocturni
officers whose charge it was to prevent and to extinguish fires, Liv,
Trivia, «e. f. Diana, as presiding over places where three roads meet.
Jtrivialis, e. adj. That may be found in every cross road, i. e. ordinary,
common, trivial, valueless.
trivium, in. 1 . A place where three roads meet, a cross road. 2.
Any public street or highway, a street, a road.
trochseus, i. m. 1. A dissyllabic foot with the first syllable long, and the
second short, a trochee. 2. A tribrach, a foot of three short syllables.
+tr3chlea, ae. f. A crane, a sheaf of pulleys.
trochus, i. m. [rooxoi.j A hoop (for children).
Trojanus, a, um. adj. Of Troy, a city in Phrygia, destroyed by the Greeks
after a siege of ten years, nbout 9.50 B. c. : Trojanus judex, Paris, Ov.;
Trojanus equus, a concealed danger, Cic.
Trojugeua, se. m. / [gigno.] 1. Born of a Trojan, Trojan; as subst., a
554 TEO-TUM
Trojan. 2. J§ (As the Romans wen descended bom the Trojans) A
Roman.
tropseum, i. «. [rporaior.] 1. A trophy, an emblem of victory set
up on the field of battle, consisting of arms taken from the enemy placed on
the trunk of a tree or post 2. §A victory. 3. A memorial, a monu
ment
Tros, Trois. in. An old king of Troy; m. pL, Tides, urn, as s»bttn Tro
jans.
Troius, Troicus, and Troni, a. un, and Troas, adis./ Of Troy, Trojan;
Troas, as subtt. (usu. pi.\ a Trojan woman.
trucidatio, onis./I A slaughtering, massacring, butchery.
tr&cido, as, v. a. 1. To slay cruelly, to slaughter, to massacre, to butcher:
aeu porrum et csspe trucidas, or whether you kill leeks and onions (jesting
, on the doctrines of the Pythagoreans). 2. To destroy, to demolish, to
put an end to.
truculente. adv. Fiercely, cruelly.
truculentus, a, tun. adj. Fierce, ferocious, savage, cruel, §(of the sea)
stormy.
Strides, is./ A pointed stake or pole, a pike.
trudo. is, si, stun. r. o. 1. To thrust, to push, to shove, to posh on, to
thrust out of the way. 2. To push forth, put forth (as a tree puts forth
buds, etc), to put forward (so as to bring into notice).
tntlla, St. f. 1. A ladle, a scoop. 2. A firepan. 3. £A washhand-
basin.
trunco, as. v. a. 2. To cut short, to maim, to mutilate. 2. To deprive,
to strip.
truncus, a, urn. adj. 1. Maimed, mutilated (often c abL of the part cut
off, or §c gen.), crippled, (lit. and metaph.) broken (of weapons). 2.
Imperfect, defective.
truncus, i. m. 1. The stem or trunk of a tree. 2. The trunk of any
thing, a body (apart from the limbs). 3. A mere log, a blockhead.
trutina, te.f. A balance, a pair of scales.
ttrutlnor, aria. v. drp. To weigh.
trux, trucis. adj. Fierce, savage, ferocious, wild, cruel*
tu, tui [see Lai. Gr.] (sometimes in pr. tute, and ace tete, and in scr. in
ternet). You, thou, (in the dative) as you see : ecce tibi Ausonia lellas
see before you the land of Italy, Virg.; htec vobis ipsorum per biduus
militia fecit, this, as you saw, was the way they carried on the war for two
days, Liv.
tuba, te. /I 1. A trumpet, (esp. a war trumpet, nsed too at funerals sad
sacrifices) : tuba belli civilis, the trumpet (i. e. the instigator) of civil war,
Cic. 2. ^Sonorous poetry, epic poetry.
tuber, eris. n. 1. A bump, a lump, a protuberance, a wart. -• -■*
kind of mushroom or morel.
tublcen, Inis. m. A trumpeter.
tubilustrium, i. a. A feast of trumpets, when the trumpets used in ssen-
fices were purified ; there were two such, on the 23rd of March and May.
^tucetum, i. n. A sort of sausage.
t§tuditans, antis. part (used as adj.). Beating often or heavily.
tueor, eris, tuitus sum, and (rare) tutus, v. dtp. 1. To look at, to pss
at, to contemplate, to behold, to view: torva tuens, looking grimly, Virg.
2. To look to (i. e. care for, regard, defend, protect, guard, msintaia,
preserve).
tugurium, L». A hut, cabin, cottage.
tultio, onis. f. A taking care of, guarding, protection, preservation.
tuli. per/, fr. fero (q. v.).
turn. u.Ji: 1. Then, at that time, at the time. 2. Then, after that, there
upon : quid turn? what then? i.e. what followed? euu, CSc 3. In ad
dition, besides, in the next place, further : turn .... turn, or qoum •••'•
turn, both .... and also — as well .... as — not only .... but alto.
 TUM-TUR 555
gtumefacio, la, feci, lactam, v. a. 1. To cause to well. 2. To puff
up, to inflate (with pride, exaltation, etc.).
t&meo, es, and §tumesco, is, ni (no sup.), v. a. 1. To swell, to be swoln,
(lit. and metaph.) with pride, exultation, anger, etc : vana turn mem,
■welling with vain arrogance, Virg. 2. To be excited, inflamed (with
nay kind of passion or desire) : bella tument, wars are rising, Or. ; tunient
negotia, our affairs are in a ferment, Cic ; quoniam Gallia? turaeant, since
the Gauls are in a disturbed state, Tac 3. To be turgid, tumid, bom-
bastic (of style).
tumldus, a, urn, adj. 1. Swelling, swoln, rising high, protuberant:
tumidi lararnur, stuffed with food we bathe, Hor. 2. (Metaph.) Swollen
with excitement, (from any kind of passion or desire) excited, angry, elated,
puffed up, restless. 3. (Of style) tumid, turgid, inflated, bombastic
tumor, oris. m. 1. Swelling, a tumour, swelling, a swollen condition.
2. Excitement of mind (from any passion or desire, esp. anger or pride).
§tumulo, as. v. a. To cover with a mound, to bury.
tumulosus. a, urn. adj. Full of hillocks, or hills, hilly.
tumultuarius, a, am. adj. 1. Of or connected with hurry; (of troops) col
lected in a hurry, raised hastily, tumultuary. 2. Hurried, hasty, dis
orderly, irregular (of anything done).
tumultuatio. onis. /'. A bustling, hurrying, hurry, confusion.
tumultoor, aris. v. dep. To make a tumult or disturbance, to be in hurried
disorder or confusion, to be agitated ; (injin. sometimes as pass, impers.)
nunciatur in castris tumultuari, news came that there was a disturbance in
the camp, Cass. ; cum Gallia tumultuatum verius quam belligeratum, their
conflicts with the Gauls had been, to speak strictly, rather a putting down
of an outbreak than a regular war, Li v.—See tumultus.
tumultuose. adv. Tumultously, in an irregular, confused, disorderly manner.
tumultudsus, a, am, adj. Full of bustle, confusion, tumult, disorderly,
unquiet, tnmultuous. 2. Done in a tumultuous, hurried, disorderly or
irregular manner.
tumultus, us. in. 1. Tumult, uproar, bustle, confusion, disorder, commo
tion, agitation. 2. A civil war, insurrection, sedition, an outbreak of
subjects or dependants : majores . . . tumultum Gallicum quod erat Italia
finitimus . . . nominabant, our ancestors called the contest with the Gauls
** tumultus" because it took place with a people on the borders of Italy,
Cic. : servili tumultu, at the time of the outbreak of the slaves, Caw. m 3.
Disquietude, agitation (of the mind).
tumulus, i. in. 1. A raised heap of earth, a mound, a hillock. 2.
(Esp.) A sepulchral mound, a grave : tumulus inanis, a cenotaph, Virg.
tone. adv. 1. Then, at that time, at the time. 2. After, immediately
after.
tundo, is, tutudi, tunsum. v. a. 1 . To beat, to strike, to buffet, to batter.
2. To pound, to bruise. 3. §To weary with continued speaking, to
deafen, to stun.
tunica, se.f. 1. An undergarment for either sex. 2. §+Any coating.
tunicatus, a, am. adj. Wearing a tunic : tunicatus popellus, the common
people, who wore nothing beyond a tunic, Hor. ; tunicatum ccepe, an onion
with many coats, Pers.
turba, se f. 1. A disturbance, confusion, uproar, disorder, tumult 2.
A brawl, a riotous quarrel. 3. A crowd, a band of people, a mob, a
troop, a multitude (of people or of anything).
turbamentum, is. A disturbance.
turbate. adv. In confusion, in a disorderly manner.
turbatio, onis. f. Confusion, disorder, disturbance.
turbator, oris. m. One who causes confusion, a troubler, a disturber.
turblde. adv. In disorder, in confusion, confusedly.
turbldus, a, urn. adj. 1. Full of or in confusion or disorder, confused,
2. Troubled, disordered, agitated; (of the mind, etc.) perplexed, frightened;
(of soldiers) seditious, mutinous (sometimes c. gen.) : C. Cajsar turbidua
556 TUB-TUT
animi, C. Cassar agitated in his mind, Tac. 3. §Causing confusion,
troubling, stormy (as storms, etc.) ; (n. as adv.) : mens . . . turbidum lietator,
my mind exults with a tumultuous frenzy, Hor.
turblneus, a, am. adj. Shaped like a cone, or like a top.
turbo, as. (perf. 3d. ring, tulij., turbassit, Cic). 1. To throw into con
fusion or disorder, to disturb, trouble, agitate. 2. To disquiet, Tex,
perplex. 3. §To make water (etc.) turbid, thick.
turbo, mis. m. 1. Any circular, rotatory, or revolving motion, a revolu
tion, a whirl : non modo militia: turbine, a knight not made merely by
the revolutions of military promotion, Ov. 2. Anything that has a
rotatory or revolving motion, a spinning top, a spindle, a reel : momento
turbinis, in as short a time as it takes to spin a top. Pen. 3. A whirl
wind, tornado, a hurricane. 4. §A circle, a round, a twisted coil (of a
trumpet, etc): Murranum . . . ingentis turbine saxi excutit, be unhorses
Murranus by hurling a huge stone at him, Virg.
turbulente and torbulenter. adv. In a turbulent, disorderly, tumultuous
manner, violently.
turbulentus, a, am, adj. 1 . Disturbed, confused, agitated, restless, un-
' quiet (of water), turbid, thick. 2. Turbulent, troublesome, causing
confusion. 3. Factious, seditious.
tardus, In. A thrush.
tareas, a, um. adj. Of frankincense.
turges. es, and turgesco. is, no perf. e. n. 1. To swell, to be swoln (lit.
or metaph.) with passion, etc. 2. To be turgid, tumid, bombastic, in
flated (of style).
turgldus, a, um and dim. turgidulus, a, am. adj. 1. Swoln, swelling.
2 Turgid, inflated (of a style, or a writer).
turibulum, i. «. A censer to burn incense in.
Sturlcremus, a, um. adj. On or in which incense is burnt.
§turifer. era, erum, adj. Producing frankincense.
StQrilegus, a, um. adj. Collecting or gathering frankincense.
turma, ae.y* 1. A squadron of cavalry, consisting strictly of thirty-two
men. 2. §A band, a crowd, a number (of persons).
turmalis, e. adj. Of or belonging to a squadron: T. Manlius cum suit
turmatibus evasit, T. Maniius escaped with his squadron, Liv.; turmales,
equestrian statues, Cic.
tunnatim. adv. 1. In squadrons. 2. §In crowds, in bands.
turplculua, a, um. adj. Rather ugly, plainish.
turplflcatus, a, um. adj. Defiled, polluted, base.
turpis, e. adj. 1. Ugly, unseemly, unsightly, foul, disfigured. 2.
Morally unseemly, base, disgraceful, shameful, dishonourable.
turplter. adv. 1. In an ugly manner. 2. Shamefully, dishonourably,

turpltudo inis./ 1. Ugliness, unsightliness. 2. Baseness, shameful-

ness, disgraceful conduct, dishonour, infamy,
turpo, as. v. a. 1. To disfigure, to render unsightly, to deform. 2. To
defile, to pollute, to disgrace, to dishonour.
Jturrloula, as./. A kind of dicebox shaped like a tower.
tun is. is./" 1. A tower, a turret. 2. A castle, a palace,
turritus, a, um. adj. 1. Furnished with towers, turreted, castellated.
2. (As an epith. of Cybele) Wearing a crown of towers. 3. Towering,
high, lofty,
tartar, aria. m. A turtledove.
tus, uris. n. (and also written thus). Frankincense, incense.
Tuscus. a. um. (also written Thuscus). Etruscan, Etrurian: Tuscus amnis,
the Tiber, Hor.; Tuscnm mare, the Mediterranean Sea, Hor.
tussio, la, no perf. v. n. To have a cough, to cough,
tussis, ia./. A cough.
gtutamen, Inii „ ^ tutameutum, in. A defence, a protection,
tute.—SteU.
 TUT — UBI 557
tute. adv. Safely, in safety, in security, out of danger, without danger.
tutela. se. /. 1. Protection, defence, a watching, a keeping safe, a taking
care of. 2. The office of guardian, guardianship, tutelage. 3. (§Of
persona or deities) A yuan), a keeper, a protector, a defender, a tutelar
deity : prorse tutela Melanthus, Melanthus (the pilot) who guides the
ship's head safely, Ov. 4. §That which is committed to the care of,
which is protected by a charge (c. gen.).
tfito. adv. Safely, in safety, without danger.
titer, aris. r. dep. 1. To watch, keep, guard, protect, defend. 2. To
ward off. 3. (Rare) To ward off, to avert. 4. (As pass.) To be
protected.
tutor, oris. m. A protector, a defender, a guardian (esp. a guardian of wards
and minors).
tutus, a, um. part, fr, tueor, q. v. ; but used as adj. (c compar., etc.). 1,
Safe, secure (often c. ab and abl., often evil from which), out of danger,
free from danger. 2. Watchful, cautious, prudent : diaderaa tutum, a
crown that cannot be taken away, Hor. ; male tutae mentis Orestes, Orestes
of insane mind, Hor. ; quicquid habes age depone tutis auribus, whatever
you have to say, come, commit it to trustworthy ears, Hor. ; est et fidele
tuta silentio merces, there is too a sure reward for faithful silence, Hor.
tuns, a, um. adj. 1. Your, yours, thine, thy. 2. Favourable to you,
favourable : tua interest, it concerns you, Cic.
tympanum, i. n. [rfynrosw.] A drum, a tambourine, a timbrel.
Tyndarides, 89. m., and Tyndaris, ldis. f. Son or daughter, male or female
descendant of Tyndarius, king of Sparta and husband of Leda, who was
mother of Castor and Pollux, Helen and Clytremnestra.
Typhoeus. a, um. and Ty phois, ldis. f. adj. Of or belonging to Ty phoeus,
one of the giants.
typus, i. m. A figure, an image (on a wall).
tyrannies, adv. Tyrannically, like a tyrant.
tyrannicus. a. um. adj. Of or like a tyrant, tyrannical, tyrannous.
tyrannis. ldis. A The sway of a tyrant, tyranny, arbitrary power.
tyranuoctonus, i. m. [rvpavvos Krcirw.j A slayer of a tyrant
tyrannui, In. 1. A despotic ruler, an usurper. 2. A monarch, a
ruler. 3. A cruel ruler, a tyrant,
Tyrrhenus, a, um. adj. Tuscan, Etruscan, of Etruria.—See Tnscus.
Tyrius, a, um. adj. 1. Tyrian, of Tyre, a great city in Phoenicia, on the
eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, celebrated for its purple dye.
2. Phoenician. 3. Carthaginian. 4. Purple : Tyria puella and
Tyria pel lex, Europa, Ov.; Tyrii (as most.), Tyrians, §people of Tyrian de
scent, Carthaginians.

u.
T/ber, iris. n. 1. A teat, a pap, an udder. 2. Fertility.
fiber, gen. eris. adj. 1. Fertile, fruitful, productive. 2. Abundant,
plentiful. 3. Copious, full (of a writer, or a writing, an account, etc.).
-uberiua. compar. adv^ super!, uberrime. More abundantly, more fully,
more plentifully.
ubertas, atis. / 1. Fruitfulness, fertility. 2. Abundance, plenty,
copiousness (lit. and metaph. ) of style, etc
ubertim. adv. Plentifully, abundantly, copiously.
ftbl adv., relat and interrog. 1. Where, in which place, in what place
(sometimes c. gen.; as, ubi terrarum? where in the world ? Cic). 2. nbi,
ubi, wherever. 3. (Relat. or. indrf.) When, whenever, at what time,
as soon as. 4. In which case : est ubi .... there are cases in which :
neque prater te quisquam fuit ubi ... . obtineremus, nor, except you, was
558 " U B I—ULU
there any one by whole means, or before whom (as judge), we could obtain
. . . ., Cic; Iolen, questus ubi ponat aniles, Iole into whoae care she
might pour her aged complaints. Or.
fibicunque. adv. 1. Wherever, wheresoever. 2. Wherever it may be,
i. e. anywhere, everywhere.
ubinam. adv. interna, direct or indirect, and indrf. "Where.—See ubi.
ublque. adv. 1. Wherever, wheresoever. 2. (Most nsu.) Anywhere,
in any place, everywhere : omnes qui ubiqne sunt, every one in the whole
• world, Cic.
fiblvil. adv. Where you will, wherever yon please, anywhere, everywhere.
J, udo, onis. m. A sock or boot of fur.
fidus. a, urn. ii'lj. Moist, damp, wet.
ulcero, as. v. a. To make sore, (lit. and raetaph.) to ulcerate.
ulcerosui, a, nm. adj. Ulcerous, sore ; (§metaph.) sore with anxiety or
love.
ulciscor. eris, ultuB sum. r. dtp. 1. To avenge oneself on, to take ven
geance on, to punish, to chastise (an offender). 2, To avenge, to revenge,
to take vengeance for (an offence or injury). i). (Once the veri, and
once or twice part, ultus, in pans, sense) To be avenged or revenged : ob
ires graviter ultas, on account of provocations terribly avenged, Li v.
ulcus, eris. n. An ulcer, a sore, (lit and metaph.) a sore place.
uligo, Inil. f. Moisture, damp ground.
alius, a, um., grn. ulliua, etc Any, any one (in sentences absolutely
negative, or where a negative is implied; once in Virg., and once in Jur. in
an affirmative sentence); m. as subst., any one.
ulmeus, a, um. adj. Of an elm-tree, of elm-wood.
ulmui, i. / An elm, an elm-tree : tilmi Falernae, Falernian vines (because
vines were often trained against elms), Jnv.
ulna, ae. f. [uAc'kh.] 1. JThe elbow. 2. §The arm (in a tender sense,
as embracing, etc.; not with reference to strength, as striking, etc.). 3.
(In measure) An ell.
ulterior, us. compar. adj., no pos. Further, on the further side, ulterior, more
remote, what is beyond : ulteriora pudet narrare, I am ashamed to speak
of what followed, Ov. ; Ulterior Gallia, Transalpine Gaul.— See ultimus.
uHerius. adv. Further, further on, beyond, more, longer: ulterius jtisto,
beyond what is just, Ov.
ultimus, a, um. super!, fr. ulterior. 1. Furthest, furthest removed, most
remote, most distant, uttermost. 2. Extreme, last, (and as at the
greatest distance of time from the speaker) first, earliest, most ancient.
3. Extreme in degree, (at either end) highest, best, or lowest, vilest,
worst : ultimum supplicium, extreme, i. e. capital punishment, Caes. ; ultima
passi, having suffered the extremity of misery, Ov., Liv. ; prinsqoam
ultima experirentur, before they had recourse to extreme measures, Liv.;
tempus in ultimum deducti, you who were brought into the most imminent
danger, Hor.; n. pi. as subst., the end : ad ultimum, to the last, Liv.; n. as
adv., for the last time.
'.', ultio, onis./ Revenge, vengeance.
ultor, oris, m., and ultriz, tricis./. An avenger, a revenger, a pimisher.
ultra, adv. and prrp, cacc. 1. (adv.) Beyond, farther. 2. More, be
sides. 3. To a longer time, to a later period (to protract, etc.) : ultra
quam satis est, more than enough, Cic. 3. (prep.) On the further or
other side of, beyond : ultra fas, beyond what is right, Hor.; ultra plecitum,
disagreeably, Virg. 4. Beyond (of time), longer than, past. 5.
(Of number or quantity) More than, greater than.
ultro. adv. 1. Further, beyond (chiefly in the phrase ultro utroque, t»
and fro, up and down) : multis verbis ultro utroque habitis, much having
been said on both sides, Cic. 2. Besides, moreover. 3. (Most usu.)
Of one's own accord, spontaneously, voluntarily. 4. Without provoca
tion: ultro tributa, money expended by the state on public works, Liv.
uliila, sb./. A screechowl.
 tr L U — U N D 559
ulul&tns, us. m. A howling, a shrieking, a loud outcry (usu. of lamenta
tion), a warery, a warhoop, the cry of the Bacchanals,
ulfilo, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To howl, to shriek, to utter a cry (usu.
bat not always mournful). 2. (Of places) To resound, to re-echo. 3.
To utter in a howling tone, to cry out (a name, etc.) with howling, to in
voke with a howl,
fulva, as. f. Sedge, weeds that grow in wet places.
umbilicus , in. 1. The navel. 2. The middle, the centre. 3. The
projecting end of the cylinder in which a book was rolled. 4. The end
(of a book or composition). 5. A sea-snail, a perriwinkle or cockle.
umbo, onis. m. 1. The boss of a shield. 2. §A shield. 3. |The
elbow,
umbra, 85. f. 1 . A shade, a shadow: umbras timere (Prov.), to be afraid of a
shadow, i. e. of what does not deserve to be feared, Cic 2. A shade (of
a dead person), a spirit, a ghost, a spectre, apparition. 3. A shady place,
or that which gives shade, a tree etc. -. Pompeia in umbra, in the shady por
tico of Pompey, Prop. ; ignava Veneris cessamus in umbra, we idle about in
the indolent bower of Venus, Ov. ; vacua tonsoris in umbra, in the cool
barber's shop frequented by idlers, Hor.; studia in umbra educate, studies
practised in the retirement of the closet, Tac; rhetorica umbra, a rhetori
cian's school, Juv. 4. A shadow, i. e. a faint image or likeness. 5.
A disguise, a pretext, a plea. 6. Shelter, protection. 6. A guest
not invited by the host, but brought by some other guest of impor
tance as one of his suit. 7. A kind of fish, a grayling.
umbraculum, i. n. 1. A shady place, a shady bower, etc. 2. §Shade.
3. A school. 4. A parasol, an umbrella.
umbratllis, e. 1. 'Remaining in the shade, in retirement, retired, contem
plative (of a life, etc., not of persons). 2. (Of a declaration, etc.) Scho
lastic, suited to a rhetorical school.
umbrlfer, era, erum. adj. 1. Giving shade, shady. 2. Bearing the
shades of the dead (Charon's boat, etc.).
Umbro, as. r. a. (only in part. pass, till lately). To shade, to overshadow, to
crown.
umbrosus, a, tun. Shady, umbrageous.
una. adv. At the same time, in the same place, together (once §c. dat.).
finanlmis. e, and unammus, a, um. adj. Agreeing, of the same mind, una
nimous, in perfect accord, in harmony together.
unanimltas. atis./ Unanimity, concord, agreement.
uncia, as. f. 1. An ounce. 2. A twelfth part of anything: nulla uncia,
not the least bit, Juv.
unciarius, a, um. adj. Of an ounce, of a twelfth part: nnciarium fenus,
a yearly interest of l-12th of the sum borrowed, about 87. 6j. ad. per cent.
funciatim. adv. By ounces (i. e. by little and little).
unclnatus, a, um. adj. Furnished with hooks, barbed.
Junciola, ae. /., dim. of uncia. An ounce.
unctio, onis. /.' An anointing.
unctor, oris. m. An anointer.
unctura, m. /. An anointing (of the dead).
unctua, a, um. pari. pass, of ungo ; also as adj. (c. compar., etc.). Luxurious,
delicate; n. as mbsl., a luxurious banquet.
uncus, a, um. adj. Hooked, crooked, barbed.
uncus, i. m. A hook (esp. one fastened to the neck of condemned criminals,
by which they were dragged to the Tiber).
unda, as. /. 1. A wave, a billow. 2. §Water. 3. Anything waving:
qua plurimus undam fuinus agit, where the abundant smoke (Tit. makes
waves) eddies around, Virg. 4. (Metaph.) Any agitation or agitated
thing (as a stormy public meeting, the sea of public life, etc.): salutantum
unda, a crowd of dependants come to salute a great man, Virg.
unde. adr. re/at. and mttrrog., and imlrf. 1. From which place, whence,
from whence. 2. From which or what cause, from which source, by
560 UND — UNG
which means, from which person (as a cause or origin): qua-re et refer unde
domo, find out, and come and tell me where he lives, Hor. : qualis et unde
genus, what sort of person I am, and of what family (lit, from what source
as to my family), Prop.: non ut eloquentiam meant perspicias unde longe
absum, not (saying this) that you may perceive my eloquence, from which
motive I am far removed, Cic. 3. unde unde, from any quarter what
ever, liy any means, anyhow.
undecies. adv. Eleven times.
undecim. indecl. Eleven.
undecimus, a, urn. adj. Eleventh.
-r+undecumque. adv. From wherever, from whatever place.
undelibet. adv. Whencesoever you will, from any place you please.
undeni, 83, a. adj. pi. Eleven: musa per undenoa emodnlanda pedes, 0
muse to be modulated in distichs of eleven feet, i. e. in hexameter and
pentameter verse (or elegiac) verse, Ot.
undenonaginta. indecl. [ unus de nonaginta.] Eighty-nine.
undeoctoginta. indecl. Seventy-nine.
undequadraginta. indecl. Thirty-nine.
undequinquagesimus, a, um. adj. The forty-ninth.
undequinquaginta. indecl. Forty-nine.
undesex&ginta. indecl. Fifty-nine.
undetrlceslmus, a, um. adj. The twenty-ninth.
undeviceslmus, a, um. adj. The nineteenth.
nndeviginti. indecl. Nineteen.
undique. adv. From all parts, from every place, from eTery quarter, mi
all sides, everywhere.
Sundisonus, a, um. adj. Resounding with the roaring of the waves : u>
disoni Dii, the Gods of the sea, Prop.
undo, as. v. n. 1. To rise in waves, to swell, to surge. 2. (Metaph.)
To eddy, to undulate (of smoke, fire, etc.), to wave (of woods, reins
hanging loosely, etc.) : undantes habene, the flowing (or loose) reins, Virg.
nndoaus, a, tun. adj. 1. With large waves, billowy. 2. Beaten by
the waves.
Junetvlcesimani. m. pi. The soldiers of the 21st legion.
^ unetvicesimus. a, um. adj. The twenty-first.
ungo. is, nxi, nctum. v. a. To mount, to smear, to besmear (with any
unguent or oil), (of a ship) with pitch : ungere tela . . . veneno, to sleep
arrows in poison, Virg.; uucta carina, the vessel with her seams caulktd
with pitch, Virg. ; ungere si caules oleo meliure . . . cceperis, if you begia
to dress your cabbages in a better kind of oil, Hor.; arma nondum «•
piatis uncta cruoribus, arms stained in blood not yet atoned for (shed ii
the civil wars), Hor.; unctis manibus, with greasy, dirty hands, Hor.
§unguen, Inia. n. Any fat or greasy substance fit for anointing with.
unguentarius, i. m. A perfumer.
unguento, aa. v. a. To anoint, to perfume.
unguentum. i. n. Ointment, perfume.
unguis, is. m., and dim. nngnlcolns, i. m. A nail (of the finger, etc), ■
claw, a talon, a hoof: a teneris unguiculis, de tenero ungni, from childhood,
Cic, Hor. ; ab imis tinguibus usque ad verticem summum, from head to foot,
Cic. ; a recta conscientia transversum unguem non oportet discedere, <u«
should not swerve the least atom (lit. the breadth of a nail) from the re
quirements of an upright conscience, Cic ; in unguem quad ret, let itsgrte
to a nail's breadth, Virg ; quod multa dies . . . pratseclum decies non ca>-
tigavit ad unguem, which the labour of many days has not polished to
the greatest nicety (lit. to a well-cut nail, because the sculptors run their
nail over their work to feel if it be perfectly smooth), Hor. ; cum . * , B*e-
dium ostenderet unguem, when he pointed his middle finger at her (that
being a gesture of great contempt), Juv.
ungfila, tB./ 1. A hoof. 2. §A horse. 3. fA claw of a bird:
 UNI — URN" 561
toto corpore atque omnibus ungulis, with might and main (something like
our proverb, tooth and nail), Cic.
unice. adv. In a singular degree, excessively, especially, utterly.
Sunlcolor, aria. adj. m.f. Of one colour, of the same colour.
unicus, a, urn. adj. 1. One only, a single one, single, sole. 2. Sin
gular in its kind, of singular excellence, eminence, skill or beauty, excellent,
admirable. 3. (Very rare) Singularly bad, abominable.
Juniformis, e. adj. Of one shape only, uniform.
unigena, as. adj. m. Only begotten, only.
unlmanus, a, urn. adj. With only one hand.
Universe, adv. In general terms, generally.
unlversltaa, atis. /. The whole, the entire quantity or body, the universe.
unlversns, and jtunversus, a, urn. adj. All taken together, all together,
all collectively, all, whole, total, entire, universal, general : in casum uni-
[ versa; dimicationis non veniebant. they avoided coming to the hazard of a
general engagement, Liv. ; x. as lubst., the universe : in universum, gene
rally, speaking in general terms, speaking of the whole body.
unquam. adv. At any time, ever (usu. in negative, very rare in affirmative,
sentences).
unns, a, urn ; gen. talus, etc. 1. One. 2. One only, only, alone,
single. 3. (Sometimes little more than our indefinite article) A, an,
some, some one (esp. when joined with quilibet). 4. One and the same,
the same : in unum, to one place, together.
tausquisque, taaqujeque, etc Any one, every one.
upllio, onis. m., or opilio. A shepherd.
urbane, adv. 1. Courteously, civilly, politely. 2. Wittily, elegantly,
happily (of a saying, etc.).
nrbanitas, atis. / I. A city life. 2. City manners, i. e. politeness,
urbanity, courtesy, civility. 3. Refinement of speech, neatness of ex
pression, pleasantry, wit, humour, pleasant raillery. 4. JKnavery.
nrbanus. a, um. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a city, living in a city, prac
tised in a city, found or existing in a city. 2. Civil, courteous, polite,
refined in manners. 3. Refined in language, neat or happy in expres
sion, witty, humourous, pleasant. 4. Impudent, forward : frontis ad
iirbana; descendi pramia, I have stooped to display the qualities of
townbred impudence, Hor.
urbs, bis. f. 1. A walled town, a city (esp. the city of Rome). 2.
§The body of citizens : quoniam ipse ad urbem cum imperio maneret, since
he himself was remaining outside the city in his military command, Caes.
urceus, i. m. ; and dim. Jurceolus, i. m. A pitcher, a waterpot, an ewer.
uredo, Inis./ A blight.
urgeo, ei, si, no sup. v. a. 1. To press upon, to press hard upon, to
press, force, urge, drive, impel. 2. To press, to beset, attack vigorously,
bear down (troops, etc.). 3. To press (with argument, questions, etc.).
4. To hem in, to confine, to crowd. 5. To urge (as an argument, etc.),
to push forward, to ply vigorously, to follow np (an opportunity, etc), to
give no rest to : pars urget propositum, part keep in their course steadily,
Hor.; jus Crassus urgebat, Crassus urged the point of law, Cic; tibi quam
noctes festina diesque urgebam, which (garment), hastening night and day,
I laboured to make for you, Virg. ; urgeo forum, I am continually in the
forum, Cic; altum semper urgendo, continually pressing out into the open
sea, Hor.; marisque Baiis obstrepentis urges summovere littora, you are
steadily labouring to push back (by dams) the shore of the sea which roars
against Baise, Hor.
urina, as./ Urine
urinator, oris. m. A diver,
nrinor, aris. v. dtp. To dive.
urna, m. f. A waterpot, a waterjar, an urn, a pot, a jar. 2. A voting
um (into which the ballot balls were thrown), the urn of fate from which
o o
 562 UEO-USU
each individual'! lot it drawn. ' 3. An urn to hold the ashes of the dead,
a funeral um. 4. JA measure containing half an amphora.
tiro, is, ussi, list am. v. a. 1. To burn, to barn up, to destroy by fire, to
consume. 2. To scorch. 3. §To burn in (colours). 4. To dry
up with heat (as the tun does fields), to parch with thirst. 5. To gall,
to pain, to pinch with cold, to nip, to blast, to wither. 6. To harass, to
distress. 7. To inflame with passion (esp. with the passion of love):
uror, I am madly in love, Hor. ; urit enim fulgore suo, for he vexes them
(or fills them with envy) by his brilliancy, Hor.
una, a./. 1. A shebear, a bear. 2. The constellation called " The
Bear."
ursus, i. m. A bear.
urtica, m. /. A nettle.
urus, i. m. A wild ox, the urns.
Osltate. adv. In an ordinary manner, in the usual way.
Usltatus. a, tun. part, used as adj. Usual, common, ordinary, customary, in
common use, commonly met with, familiar.
uspiam. adv. At or in any place, anywhere, somewhere.
usquam. adv. 1. At or in any place, anywhere, usn. in sentences, assert
ing or (as questions), implying a negative, rare in affirmative, or condition
ally affirmative sentences : dubitem baud equidem implorare quod usquam
est, truly, I would not hesitate to implore whatever aid could be found
anywhere, Virg. 2. In any quarter, in any way, in any source. 3.
(After verbs of motion) To any place, in any direction : velut usquam vinctus
eas, as if whenever you go anywhere you go under compulsion, Hor.
tuque, adv. 1. (Of place) All the way (to or from a place), right on,
continuously, steadily. usque ad, to, up to, quite up to, as far as; alto
tuque without ad (c ace. of the names of towns). usque ab or ex, all
the way from. 2. All the time, all the while, as far (forward or back
ward) as : usque a It nmuln, ever since the time of Romulus, Cic. ; usque ad
extremum vita: diem, to the last day of one's life, Cic. tuque dum,
usque quoad, until. 3. Continually, incessantly, steadily, constantly, unin
terruptedly, always.
ustor, oris. m. A burner (esp. of dead bodies).
ustulo. as. c. a. 1. (Rare) To bum, to burn up, to scorch. 2. To
pinch with cold.
ustus, a, um. part. pom. fr. tiro, q. v.
usucapio, Is, cepi, captum. t>. a. To acquire ownership by long use, by
prescription.
usucapio, onis. f. The acquisition of ownership by long use, by prescrip
tion.
usura.se. / 1. A using, the use or enjoyment (of anything). 2. (Eip.)
The use of money lent. 3. Interest for money lent or owing, usury (lit.
and metaphA
usurpatio, onis. f. 1. A taking into use, a making use of, using, use,
continual use. 2. (Rare) The undertaking (of a task, etc.).
usurpo, as. v. a. 1 . To take into use, to make use of, to use, to use con
tinually, to make regular use of, to practise. 2. To get possession of, to
acquire. 3. +To perceive, to observe. 4. To be in the habit of call
ing : Lsslius is qui sapiens usurpatur, Laelius, the man who is called w the
Wise." 5. JTo usurp.
USUS, a, um. part. fr. utor, q. v.
usus, us. in. 1. A using or making use of, use, application, employment
2. Practice, experience. 3. Usage, custom. 4. Constant intercourse,
intimacy, familiarity. 5. The use and enjoyment of property. 6.
Use, i. e. usefulness, utility, service, benefit, profit : fuit mihi magno nsiii,
he was of great service to me, Cic; utrum pralium esset ex usu nerne,
^ whether a battle were desirable (were calculated to be of service) or not,
Cies. 7. Requirements, necessity : qua; belli usus poscunt, things which
are needed in war, Liv. 8. Si usus veniat, if a necessity should arise,
 UT—UTI 563
Cset.; usu* est, §osns (c. abl. and tc. ace), there is need of, one wants,
one requires, there is a necessity for. 9. Usus est, or adest (sine c.),
an occasion offers. 10. Usu venio, to happen: quod hcec de Ver-
cingetorige usu venture opinione praeceperat, because he had anticipated
that this would be the case with respect to Vercingetorir, Cses.
tit, fitL adt. and conj. 1. (adv.) In what manner, how, in the manner
that, as. 2. Like as, according as, as for instance. 3. (Of time) As
soon as, when, §while : at primum loqui posse ccepi, the moment that I be
gan to be able to speak, Cic 4. (Very rare) Since. 5. How, i. e.
how greatly, how excellently, how admirably. 6. I't . . . ita, as ... so,
not only . . . but also; ut quisque (c. superl.) ... ita (c. tuperL), the more
. . . the more; ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime alios improbos sus-
picatur, the more excellent any one is himself the more reluctantly does he
suspect others of being rogues, Cic. And in such sentences ut bears the
same sense, even if ita be omitted, or if com par. he substituted for super], :
nt inter omnes esset societas qusedam major autem ut quisque proximo
accederet, so that there should be some fellowship among all men, and that
more intimate in proportion as people are more intimately connected, Cic.
ut Ut (sometimes written as one word). In whatever manner. 7.
(amj.) As that, so that, that (after sic, ita, adeo, talis, etc.). 8. That,
i. e. in order that 9. (After verbs of happening, causing, etc.) That :
prope erat ut sinistrnm cornn pelleretur Romania, the left wing of the Ro
mans was very near being defeated, Liv. 10. (After verbs or words of
causing, advising, entreating, commanding, permitting, determining, etc.)
To : quod suades ut scribam, as to your urging me to write, Cic ; tibi sum
auctor ut concilies, I advise you to gain over . . ., Cic; placuit ei ut ad
Ariovistum legatos mitteret, he determined to send ambassadors to Ario-
vistus. Ca;9. 11. (After verbs of fearing) That not : veretur ut foedus
satis formum sit, he fears that the treaty will not be sufficiently binding,
Cic. 12. Granting that, supposing that, although, though, even of, in
case that
utcunque. adv. 1. In whatever way, however, howsoever. 2. §When-
ever.
fltens. entis. part. fr. utor, q. v.; also as adj., c compar. Rich.
6 tensilia, am. pL n. Things for use, necessaries, utensils.
liter, tris. m. A leathern bottle, a skin prepared so as to hold wine, oil, etc.
(such skins were often inflated and used for crossing streams with): cres-
centem tumidis infla sermonibus utrem, inflate the swelling skin (i. e. the
vain man) with exaggerated praise, Hor.
titer, tra, trum, gen. utrlus, etc Whether, or which of two ? which ? uter
. . . uter, which . . . other; uter utro sit prior ? which comes first (lit. which it
before the other) P Hor. 2. Either of two, (rare) either; aid. as adv., to
which side, which way.-^-5ee utrum.
fitercunque, utracunque, etc (see uter). adj. Whichever of the two, which
ever.
uterllbet. iitralibet, etc (see uter). adj. Which of the two you please,
whichever of the two, whichever.
iiterque, utraque, etc (see uter). adj. Each of two, each, both : docte sermones
utriusque linguae, learned in both languages, i. e. in Greek and Latin, Hor.;
littora . . . sub ntroque jacentia Phcebo, shores lying under both the rising
and setting sun, i. e.-the eastern and western shores, i. e. the whole world,
Ov. (sometimes, though in sing., followed by a plural verb) ; abL at adv.,
both ways, in both directions.
uterus, i. m. 1. The womb. 2. §The belly (even of the Trojan horse).
3. Any cavity, the hold of a ship, etc
itervis, utravis, etc. (see uter). Which of the two you please, either : in au-
rem utramvis otiose dormire, to sleep soundly on either ear, i. e. to be free
from care, Ter.
uti. —See nt.
Btllis, e. adj. Useful, serviceable, advantageous, profitable, beneficial, suit
o o 2
 564 UTI-VAC
able, fit (c ad and act, or c dat. of the purpose or object, or §c infin.) ;
n. as tubtL, what is useful, the useful.
fitSlItas, atia./ Use, usefulness, utility, terviceableness, profit, advantage,
benefit : si belli utilitatem retinere vultis, if you desire to retain what will
be serviceable in war, Cic
fltlliter. adv. In an useful manner, usefully, advantageously, aervieeably,
profitably, beneficially,
utlnam. adj., c sulj. I with that, would that : utinam ne vere scriberem,
I wish that I may not be writing truly, Cic.
utiqae. adv. In any case, at any rate, surely, certainly, assuredly.
utor, eris, nana sum. v. dtp., c obi. 1. To use, to make use of, to avail
oneself of, to employ. 2. To practise. 3. To enjoy. 4. To enjoy
the intimacy of, to be intimate with, familiar with, to associate with.
5. To have, to find (a person of such and such a character, i. e. to find
him indulgent, severe, etc) : uti valetudine non bona, to be in indifferent
health. Cm.
utpote. adv. As, namely as, as being, seeing that, inasmuch as : uptote
qtmm, since.
utrarius, i. m. One who brings water in skins, a water-carrier.
utrimque or utrinque. adv. From or on both sides, on each side, on the
one side and on the other, at both ends: virtus est medium ritiorum et
utrimque reductum, virtue is the mean between vices, and removed (equallv)
from both extremities, Hor. ; utrimque secus, on both sides, on either hand,
Lucr.
ntrubique or utrobique. adv. On both sides, on the one side and on the
other, affecting both sides or both parties : utrobique Eumenes plus valebat,
Eumenes was the more powerful both by land and sea, Nep.; pavor est
ntrubique molestus, the anxiety arising from either source is powerful,
Hor.
Strum, adv. (Introducing the first cause of a disjunctive question, either
direct or indirect, and answered by an) Whether (in direct or indirect
interrogation, sometimes utrum ne ; in indirect, sometimes utromn&m).
flva, ae./T A grape,
uvesco, is. no perf. e. ». 1. To become moist, humid, damp. 2. §To
moisten or refresh oneself, i. e. to drink (c. abl.).
guvidus, and dim. §&vUaltU, a, am. adj. 1. Moist, damp, humid, wet.
2. Well irrigated, well watered. 3. Fond of drinking: dicimus uvidi,
we say so when we have drank a good deal, Hor. 4. § Bringing rain,
tutor, oris./. A wife: olentis mores mariti, the wives of the strong-smelling
husband, i. e. the shegoats, Hor.
uxorius, a, urn. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a wife : res uxoria, a wife's
property, Cic; marriage, Ter. 2. Fond of his wife, uxorious. The
Tiber is called uxorius amnis, an uxorious river (Hor.), as eager to avenge
the wrongs of Ilia, to whom it was fabled that he, or rather the river Anio,
was married.

V.
Vacatio, onis. /■ 1. Freedom or exemption from service of any kind, a
dispensation (sometimes c quominus and subj ). 2. JA sum paid to
purchase exemption,
vacca, as. /.. and dim. vaccula. ae./. A cow.
vaccinium, i *. A whortleberry,
tgviceflo, la. r. ». To be made or to become empty.
"SUo, as. r. «. 1. To sway to and fro, to stagger, to totter, to reel.
^> waver, to vacillate,
win. At leisure.
 VAC — V A L 565
tvacivus, a, um. adj., an older form of vacuus, q. v. 1 . Void, devoid,
destitute. 2. At leisure,
vico, as. v. n. 1. To be empty, void, vacant, uninhabited, etc 2. To
be devoid of, to be free from (c. abl. or more rare c. ab and abl.). 3.
To be unoccupied, to be at leisure (sometimes c. dat. of that for which one
has leisure),
vac at. as impers. To have leisure, to have time (c. dat. pers. and. c infi n.) :
dum vacat, while there is time, Ov.
vacuefacio, is, feci, factum, v. a. To make empty, to empty, to clear, to
free.
vacuitas, atis. / Freedom from, exemption from.
VacQnalis, e. adj. Of or sacred to Vacuna, the Goddess of leisure,
ttvacuo, as. v. a. To make empty, to empty, to clear, to free,
vacuus, a, um. adj. 1. Empty, void, clear. 2. Devoid of, free from
(c. abl., or c. ab and abl., or §c. gen.). 3. Free from business, at leisure,
disengaged, unoccupied, idle. 4. Free from care, at ease. 5. Single
(of a woman), without a husband (of either maid or widow). 6. Un
occupied (of property), uninhabited, uncultivated. 7. Open, accessible.
8. Empty (as an empty name), without any object (of an effort), aimless,
useless ; n. as roost., an empty space, an unoccupied place, a property with
out an owner,
vadimonium. i. n. An undertaking to appear in a court of law, bail, secu
rity, recognizance: vadimonium concipere, to draw a bailbond, Cic; res
est in vadimonium, the matter has come to giving bail, i. e. is to be tried
legally, Cic; si vadimonium tibi cum P. Quintio nullum fuit, if there was
no dispute (lit. nothing requiring bail) between you and P. Quintius, Cic;
vadimonium sisto, to appear to one's hail, Cic; vadimonium desero, to
forfeit one's bail, Cic; vadimonium differo, to put off the day of appear
ance, Cic ; posteaquam vadimonium missum fecerit, after he released his
bail, Cic.
▼ado, is, si, sum. v. «. To go (esp. to go quickly), to walk on, to ad
vance.
vidor, aris. v. dep. 1. To bind over by bail, to bind over: respondere
vadato debet at, he was bound to appear and answer the person who had
taken bail from him, Hor.; fvadatus (in puss, sense), bound over.
vadosuB, a, um. adj. Full of shnals or of fords, shallow.
vadum, i. n. 1. A shoal, a shallow, a ford. 2. §The sea. 3. §The
bottom (of any water, even of a well) : cera vadum tentet, let a letter ex
plore the way, Ov. ; omnia res est jam in vado, all is now in shallow water,
i. e. safe, Ter.
▼a), interj. Alas ! vie victis ! woe to the conquered ! Liv.
vifer, fra, fram. adj. 1. Cunning, sly, crafty, artful. 2. (Rare, in a
good sense) Clever, skilful.
vafre. adv. Cunningly, artfully.
vage. adv. In a wandering manner, dispersedly, at random.
vagina, a?./ i. A scabbard, a sheath. 2. A hnsk (of grain). I
vagio, is, Ivi, itum. v. n. 1. To cry as a little child. 2.£ To bleat.—
See seq. 3. fTo sound.
vagitus, us. m. 1. The cry of infants. 2. Bleating.
vigor, aris. v. dep. To wander, to roam, to stray, to rove, to ramble.
vagus, a, um. adj. ]. Wandering, roaming, straying, vagrant, vagabond,
rambling, unsettled : vaga arena, the light sand (tossed about everywhere
- by the wind), Hor. 2. Flighty, giddy, inconstant, capricious, change
able. 3. Indefinite, vague : concubitus vagus, promiscuous concubinage,
Hor.; vagus animi, wandering in mind, frantic. Cat.
▼aide. adv. I. Very, very much, exceedingly. 2. (As an answer)
Undoubtedly, surely.
▼ale.—See valeo.
valedico, is, ixi, ctum. c. a. To say farewell.
valeus,Jentis. part, of valeo; used also as adj. (c. compar. etc.). 1. Strong,
o o 3
566 VAL—VAP
■tout, vigorous : tunicas induta valentes, clad in a stout tunio. Or. 3.
Well in health, hale, healthy. 3. Strong, powerful, efficacious, ef
fectual.
valenter. adv. Strongly, vigorously, violently.
valeo, es, ui, I turn. v. n. 1. To be strong, (tout, vigorous, to hare
strength, to have power. 2. To be able, capable of (c infin. orctd
and ace). 3. To be well in health, hale, healthy. 4. To avail, to
be efficacious, effectual (c ad and ace, or c infin., or sine c). 5. To
have effect, validity, to be valid. 6. To have influence, to be powerful
or influential : equitatu valebat, he was strong in cavalry, Csea. ; utruru
apud eos pudor ... an timor plus valeret, whether shame or fear had the
greatest influence over them, Cic ; nescis quo valeat nummus ? do not you
know what is the use of money ? Hor. 7. (Of money) To be worth,
8. (Of words) To mean, to have such and such a sense. 9. (Imper.
▼ale, and prtt tub', valeas) Farewell, adieu, goodbye: valeat res Indira,
goodbye to comedy, Hor.; jussi valere, I bade him farewell, Cic.
Jvalesco, Is, lui. v. ». To acquire strength.
valetudo, Inis./ Health of body (esp. good, but sometimes without any
epithet, bad health, the existing state of health) : cui . . . valetudo
contingat abunde ? who has an abundant stock of good health ? Hor.: gravis
autumnua omnem exercitum valetudine tentaverat, an unhealthy autumn
had tried all the army with bad health (or in the matter of their health).
And perhaps every passage where valetudo seems to mean bad health may
be explained in the same way. 2. (Of an author) A healthy style.
+Jvalgus, a, urn. adj. Bow legged.
valide, more tisu. valde, q. v. adv. Strongly, exceedingly.
valldus, a, tun. adj. 1. Strong, stout, mighty, powerful (in any kind of
strength). 2. Efficacious, active (of medicine, etc). 3. Well in
health, hale, healthy. 4. Possessed of great influence, politically power
ful, powerful in wealth and resources (sometimes $c gen. of the resources).
vallaris, e. adj. Of or belonging to a rampart : vallaris corona, a crown
given to a soldier for being the first to mount the enemy's ramparts, Liv.
valles and vallis, is. /. 1. A valley, a vale. 2. §Any hollow.
vallo, as. r. a. 1. To surround with a rampart, palisade, or circumvalls-
tion, to entrench. S. To fortify, (metaph.) to surround with a guard,
§to surround: vallare noctem, to entrench themselves at night, Tac; [the
sun] radiis frontem vallatus acutis, surrounded as to his face with pointed
beams, Ov.
vallum, La. 1. A rampart surmounted with palisades, an entrenchment,
a circumrallation. 2. A fortification. 3. A fence, anything which
goes round.
vallus, i. m. 1. A pale, a stake. 2. A palisade used for entrench
ments. 3. (For vallum) A rampart surmounted with palisades.
valvre. arum. pi./. Folding doors.
vanesco, is, nni, no sup. en. 1. To vanish, to disappear, to pan away,
to cease to exist. 2. (Rare) To be vain, fruitless.
vanllSquentia, »./. Vain, empty talking.
v&nllSqans, a, tun. adj. Talking emptily, boasting, bragging.
vanitas, atis. f. I . Emptiness, want of reality, nullity, vanity, i, t. nothing
ness. 2. Vainglory, boastfulness, vanity, L e. petty pride.
vanntta, i./. A fan or winnowing instrument.
vanus, a, am. adj. 1. Empty, void, containing nothing. 2. Vain,
unreal, unsubstantial. 3. Vain, useless, fruitless, groundless, unsuccess
ful, idle, (in hopes, etc.) delusive. 4. Vain, i. e. pretentious, ostentatious,
5. False: aut ego veri vana feror, or I am void of truth (I am greatly de
ceived), Virg.; n. as tubal., vanity, nothingness, emptiness: ad vanum vic-
toriam redactam esse, that the victory had come to nothing (was unpro
ductive of results), Liv.; corruptus vanis rerum, seduced by vain show,
Hor.
$»lpldn«, a, nm. 0<# 1. Tasteless. 2. Rotten (lit and metaph.).
 VAP—VA S 567
■vapor, oris. m. 1. An exhalation, steam, vapour. 2. §Smoke. 3.
Warmth, heat.
"vaporarium, in. A steampipe in a bath room.
•vaporo, as. v. a. and ». 1. (<\ a.) To fill with (team, to fumigate. 2.
§To warm. 3. (v. a.) JTo emit steam or vapour. 4. +'l'o glow, to
burn.
vappa. ae./ Wine that has gone off, that has become fiat. 2. (§Metaph.)
A worthless fellow.
vapilo. as. c. n. 1. To be benten, to be flogged. 2. (Metaph.) to be
defeated. 3. To be attacked (in a speech).
tsivariantia, ee./. Difference, diversity, variety.
»varicdsus, a, am. adj. Having varicose veins.
-various, a, urn. adj. Striding with the legs wide apart
varie. adv. In various ways, in different manners, differently.
varietal, atis. f. 1. Variety, diversity, difference. 2. Changeableness,
fickleness : bellum in inulta varietate versatum, a war that has been carried
on with much diversity of fortune, Cic ; tanta sunt in varietate et dissensione,
they vary from and disagree with one another so widely, Cic.
vario, as. r. a. and ». i. (v. a.) To diversify, to make different. 2.
To variegate, to embroider, to paint. 3. To change, to vary, to alter, to
metamorphose : cum putrida infirmis variabunt pectora palmis, when with
their weak hands they beat their aged breasts black and blue, Cat.; qua:
de morte Marcel li variant auctores, the different accounts that authors give of
the death of Marcellus, Liv. 4. (v. n.) To be different. 5. To be
variegated, coloured. 6. To vary, to be different, to differ, to be incon
stant, to change; (past, impers.) : ubi cum sententiis variaretur, as there
was a difference of opinion there, Liv.
varius, a, tun. adj. 1. Party coloured, variegated, spotted : varias colum
nar, pillars of variegated marble, Hot. ; varium ccelum, the sky studded
with stars, Hor. 2. Various diverse, different, manifold. 3. Variable,
changeable, inconstant, fickle : ibi varia victoria et velut aequo Marte pug-
natum est, there the victory was undecided, and it was as it were a drawn
battle, Liv. ; quales sunt, varium est, as to the character of which they are,
on that point there are various opinions, Cic.
varix, icis. m.f. A dilated vein, a varicose vein (esp. in the thighs).
varus, a, um. adj. 1. Bent inwards, (in ref. to legs) knockkneed : tenui-
que a pectore varas in statione man us, and in firm position I held my
hands bent inward in front of my chest (in boxing or wrestling), Ov.
2. ^Different from (c dat.).
vas, vadis. m. One who gives security, a bail, a surety.
vas, vasis. a. I. A vessel, a dish. 2. Any kind of implement, or
moveable thing (in ref. to an army), baggage : vasa collegerat, he had
packed up his baggage, Cic ; jubet vasa . . . conclamari, he orders the
signal to be given for packing up, Cffis.
vasarium, i, ». Allowance for outfit given to a governor of a province for
, his domestic establishment.
vasciilarius, i. m. A maker of vessels of plate, a goldsmith.
t.'vasculum, i. n. A small vessel.
vastatio, onis. f. A laving waste, ravaging, devastation.
vastator, oris. m. A ravag-r, a devastator, one who lays waste.
vaste. itJp. 1. In a rude, rough manner, harshly (to speak, etc.). 2. Of
great size, with great bulk or weight
SvastifIcos, a, am. adj. Laying waste, ravaging.
vastitas, atis. /. 1. A desolate place, a desert; a place that has, or that
looks as if it had, been laid waste. 2. Devastation, ravage, desolation,
ruin, destruction (not of persons). 3. JGreat size, vastness.
VSStO, as. v. a. 1. To make empty, to render untenanted, unoccupied,
uncultivated. 2. To lay waste, to ravage, to devastate, to render
desolate. 3. (Rare) To perplex : vastant cultoribus agros, they strip
the fields of their cultivators, Virg.
oo 4
569 VAS—VEL
vastus, a, am. adj. 1. Empty, unoccupied, deserted, desolate. 2. Waited,
ravaged, desolated, devastated, destroyed: hasc ego vasta dabo, what ia
here I will destroy, Virg. 3. (Of men) Rude, rough, unpolished.
4. Vast, very great, very large, huge, (of a noise) very loud : iter vastum,
a long voyage, or a voyage over the vast and unfrequented sea, Or.;
vastus animus, unbounded ambition, Sail. ; dies modo per silentium vastus,
modo ploratibus inquies, the day (of the funeral of Augustus) was now
desolate in its silence, now disturbed by lamentations, Tac
v&tes, is. m. f. 1. A soothsayer, a prophet or prophetess. 2. (As
oracles were given in verse) A poet, a poetess.
vatlcanus. a, nm. adj. Of or around the Vatican Hill, in Rome, on the
western bank of the Tiber.
vatlcln&tio, onis./ 1. Soothsaying, prophesying. 2. A prophecy, a
prediction.
jjvatMnator, oris. m. A soothsayer, a prophet
vatlclnor, aris, r. dep. 1. To prophesy, predict, foretell: parcite . vati-
cinor, forbear, I warn you as a prophet, Ov. 2. To celebrate in verse
(rare). .3. To rave, to rant, to talk nonsense.
vatlclnus, a, tun. adj. Prophetic
Jvatius, a, urn. adj. Bent inwards.
ve. conj. (Always joined as an enclitic to another word) Or. [It is a
law in some states that if any one hears any news affecting the state] uti
ad magistratus deferat, neve cum quo alio communicet, that he shall
report it to the magistrates, and not communicate it to any one else, Cic
vecordia. SB./ Want of sense, stupidity, folly.
vecors, dis. adj. Wanting in sense, stupid, foolish, mad.
vectigal, alis. a. 1. A toll, a tax, an impost, a tribute. 2. Revenue,
income.
vectlgalis, e. adj. 1. Of, belonging to, or derived from taxes or tribute.
. 2. Liable to the payment of taxes or tribute, tributary. 3. That
brings in revenue, that is a source of income.
veotio, onis.y! A carrying, conveyance.
vectis, is. in. 1. A strong pole, a lever. 2. A crowbar. 3. A bar
to fasten a door.
vecto, as. v. a. To carry, to convey : vectabantur equis, they were riding
on horses, Ov.
vector, oris. m. 1. A bearer, a carrier. 2. (More usu.) One who is
conveyed (on horse, carriage, or ship), a rider, a passenger.
vectorial, a, urn. adj. Of or belonging to conveyance or transport : navigia
vectoria, transports, Cse.
vectura, as./. 1. Conveyance, carriage, (of anything) transport, (on a horse)
riding. 2. t Passage money.
+§vegeo, es, no perf. To stir up, to cause to move quickly, to quicken.
vegetus. a, nm. adj. Active, lively, vigorous, fresh.
vegrandis, e. adj. Not large, small, insignificant.
vehemens, entis. adj. Very eager, vehement, violent, impetuous, vigorous,
strong (even of a weapon).
vehementer. adv. 1. Eagerly, earnestly, vehemently, impetuously, vio
lently. 2. Powerfully, with great force, exceedingly.
▼ehlculum. i. «. A vehicle, any kind of carriage, a wagon.
veho, ia, xi, ctunx, v. a. 1. To carry, convey, transport, bear, bring.
2. (In /"<■»., and in part. pres. act. vehens) To be carried by any convey
ance, to ride, drive, sail (c. abl. of the conveyance) : ut [animal] sex moti-
bus veheretur, so that it could advance by six different motions (or in six
different directions), Cic; apes . . . liquidum trans sethera vects, the bees
borne (i. e. flying) across the liquid air, Virg.
vel. conj. [voln.] I. Or (the difference between vel and ant is, that aut
indicates a difference of object, Tel a difference of expression : when used
'iiyln by Cicero it is employed only to correct a preceding expression : (lau-
danda est, vel etiam aiuanda, it is to be praised, or, I should say, even to be
 VEL-VEN 569
loved, Zumpt, 336). 2. Vel . . . vel, either ... or (denoting that the
opposition between the two things is immaterial, so that the one need not
exclude the other ; while aut . . . aut denotes such an opposition that one
does exclude the other, Zumpt, 339). 3. Even, (with a mperl.) in the
greatest possible degree : hoc in genere nervorum vel minimum suavitatis
autem est vel plurimum, in this kind there is as little power as possible,
but the greatest possible degree of sweetness, Cic.
velamen, Inis. n. 1. A cover, a covering. 2. Clothing, a garment.
velamentum, i. n. 1. A cover, a covering. 2. (In pi.) Olive-branches
or rods wound round with woollen fillets, and bome by suppliants.
Jvelarium, i. n. An awning.
Tiles, His. m. (usu. in pi.). A light-armed soldier, a skirmisher : ut scurra
veles, as the clown of a troop of mountebanks, Cic
Svelifer. era, erum. adj. Bearing sails, having sails.
vellficatio, onis./ A sailing.
vellfico, as. t>. ». To sail : creditor olim velificatus Athos, Mount Athos is
believed to have been sailed through in old time, Juv.
velificor, aris. v. dtp. 1. To sail. 2. (c. dat.) To exert oneself for.
velitaris, e. [veles.] Of or belonging to a light-armed soldier or skir
misher. ;
ttvellvolans, antis. and §velIvolns, a, tun. adj. [velum, volo, -as]. 1.
Flying by means of sails (of a ship). 2. Traversed by sails (of the
sea).
vellico, as. v. a. 1, +JTo twitch, to pull. 2. To pull to pieces, (me-
feiph.) i. e. to attack, to carp at, to disparage.
vello, is, li, vulsum. v. a. 1 . To pluck, to pull, to pluck out, to pull out
(hair, etc.). 2. To pull gently, to nudge (by way of a sign, to draw
the attention, etc.).
vellus, ens. n. 1. Wool. 2. A fleece (of a sheep). 3. §The hide or
skin of any animal. 4. § Anything looking like wool, ^flakes of snow :
tennia lame vellera, light fleecy clouds, Virg. ; velleraque ut foliis depectant
tenuia Seres, and how the Chinese comb off the fleecy threads of silk from
leaves, Virg.
velo, as. v. a. I. To cover, to envelop, to wrap np, to clothe, to veil.
2. To enwrap, to bind round (hair with a garland, etc. etc.). 3. JTo
hide, to conceal : velati ramis oleae, bearing branches of olive (see vela
mentum), Virg.; accensi velati, a corps of supernumerary soldiers to
supply any vacancies that might take place in the legion.
velocitas, tMa.f. Velocity, swiftness, rapidity, speed.
veioclter. adv. Swiftly, rapidly, with speed.
velox, ocis. adj. Swift, speedy, rapid, fleet : velociusve miscuisse toxicum,
or to have mixed a poison of more speedy operation, Hor.
velum, in. 1. A cloth, a covering, an awning, a veil, a curtain. 2.
A sail (lit. and metaph.) : velis remisque, with oars and sails, i. e. by all
the means in one's power, Cic
velut, veluti adv. 1. As, just as, like as, as for instance. 2. (In
prose usu. velut si) As if, as though.
vena, 83. f. 1. A blood-vessel, a vein (lit. and metaph.). 2. An
artery. 3. (In pi.) The pulse : in venis et visceribus reipublicse, in the
vital parts and bowels of the state, Cic; ego nee studium sine diviti vena
nee rude quid possit video ingenium, I neither see what study without a
rich vein of genius, nor what uncultivated genius can do, Hor.
venabrllum, i. n. A hunting spear.
venallcius, i. A slave-dealer.
venalis, e. adj. [veneo.] 1. To be sold, for sale. 2. To be bought,
willing to be bought, that can be purchased, venal, mercenary: is qui
vocem venalem habuerat, he who always had his voice at the service oi
any one who would have it (a crier), Cic; m. as mint., a slave offered for
sale.
venations, a, nm. adj. Of or belonging to hunting.
 570 VEN
venatio, onis. / 1. Hunting, the pursuit or game, a hunt 2. A
combat of wild beaata in the amphitheatre. 3. Game lit to be hunted.
venator, oris. m. 1 . A hunter, a huntsman : venator canis, a hound,
Viri;. 2. Venator nature, an investigator of nature, Cic.
venatrix, Icis./ A huntress : venatriz Dea, Diana, the goddess of hunting,
Ov.
venatus, us. m. Hunting, the pursuit of game, the chase.
vendlbllis, e. adj. 1. That is to be sold, that is in the market. 2.
Saleable, i. e. agreeable, acceptable.
venditatio, onis./ A puffing off, as if in order to sell, a speaking highly of
boasting.
•vondltator, oris. m. One who puffs off, an exaggerated praiser, a
boaster.
venditio, Soil./ A selling, a sale,
vendlto, as. v. a. 1. To oiler for sale, to try to sell. 2. To puff off,
to recommend, to praise highly, to praise : per illos se plebi venditare, he
began by their instrumentality to ingratiate himself with the common
people, I .iv.
venditor, oris. m. A seller.
vendo, is, dldi, dltum. n, a. 1. To sell, to vend. 2. To betray for a
bribe, to give for money : quanti sua funera vendant quid refert ? what
does it signify at what price they expose their lives to danger ? Juv. 3.
To puff off (as if wishing to sell), to cry up, to praise highly, to recom
mend.
veaeficium, La. 1. Poisoning, the art of poisoning, the preparation of
poisons. 2. Witchcraft, sorcery.
veneficus, a, am. adj. 1. Poisoning, poisonous. 2. Magical. m. and
f. as tubal. 1. A poisoner. 2. A sorcerer or sorceress, a witch, an
enchanter or enchantress.
venonatus, a, urn. part. past, of veneno ; used also as adj. I . Poisoned ,
infected with or dipped in poison. 2. Magical, endowed with magic
power (a wand, etc.) : venenatua joe as, a virulent, an envenomed jest,
Ov.
Svenonlfer, era, ernm. adj. Containing poison, poisonous, venomous.
veneno, as. r. a. To poison, (lit. and metaph.) to infect with or steep in
poison.
venenum, La. 1. Any liquid of powerful effect, any powerful medicine
(esp. a poisonous drug), poison. 2. A magical potion, a charm. 3.
A dye, a colour, a paint : Rupili pus atque venenum, the venom and viru
lent malice of Rupilins Hor.; discordia ordiuum est venenum urbia hujus,
the ill-feeling existing between the different ranks, is the poison which is
destroying this city, Liv.
voneo, is. Ivi, fat. venibo. r. «. [venum eo.] To be sold.
venerabllis, e. adj. Venerable, worthy of respect or veneration, reverend.
venerabundus, a, am. adj. Worshipping, feeling reverence.
venerandus, a, am. yerundive of veneror; used as adj. Worthy of reve
rence, venerable, reverend.
veneritio, onis. f. Veneration, reverence, the highest respect.
venerator, oris. m. One who respects, reverences, venerates.
Venereus, a, am. adj. 1. Of, belonging to, or sacred to Venus. 2.
Of love, devoted to lore, devoted to women. 3. Venereus jactus, the
throw of sixes on the dice, Cic; m. pi. as suUt., the slaves in the temple
of Venus Erycina in Sicily.
veneror, aril. v. dep. I. To respect highly, to reverence, to worship.
2. To pray to, to entreat, to implore, to supplicate (part. ptrf. veneratiu,
§son
"sometimes in pass, sense.)
-^ Venet
VJnetus, a, um. adj. 1. Of the Veneti, a tribe near the north of the
^*V Adriatic
Adr sea, where Venice is now. 2. JOf a light blue colour, blue.
8. 1 The blue party at the public games.
~ f. 1. Indulgence, grace, favour, permission, leave: bona hoc
 VEN 571
tua veniil dixerim, by your good leave I will say this, Cic ; cum data
esset Tenia ejus diei, when the indulgence of a delay over that day had
been granted, Liv. 2. Pardon, forgiveness.
venio. Is, veni, ventum. «. », To come (of anything, in any sense), to
arrive : dum tibi liters meas veniant, till my letter reaches you, Cic (more
usu. c. ad and ace); si quid in mentem veniet, if anything shall occur to
me, Cic; exemplo trahenti perniciem veniens in svum (disapproving of),
an example bringing mischief for the future, Hor. ; venisse Germanis in
amicitiam cognoverat, he knew that he had formed an alliance with the
Germans, Cms.; nonnullam in spem vencram, I had conceived some hope,
Cic; doleo te miseram et despoliatam venire, I grieve that you should
come to be miserable and in distress, Cic; in sermonem se venisse neminis,
(he said) that he had conversed with no one, Cic; illic veniunt felicius uvas,
there grapes grow more abundantly, Virg.; (pats, impers.) ventum erat ad
Vesta;, we had arrived at the temple of Vesta, Hor.
venor, aria. v. dep. To hunt, to chase; (metaph.) to pursue (an object), to
seek to obtain, to seek.
venosus, a, am. adj. Full of veins; (of a book) dry, meagre (like an old
man whose flesh is wasted away till he is nothing but reins).
venter, tris. »1. 1 . The belly, the stomach. 2. The womb: ignorans
nurum ventrem ferre, ignorant that his daughter-in-law was pregnant, Liv.;
tuus venter, your child, Hor.; ut sua maturus complevit tempore venter,
when the child within her womb had completed its full time, Ov. 3.
Anything like a belly, anything that swells out : quomodo .... cresceret
in ventrem cucumis, how the cucumbers swelled with a round shape,
Virg.
vent Do, as. v. a. 1. To swing about in the air, to ware, to brandish :
populeas ventilat aura comas, the breeze fans the poplar leaves, Ov.; aestu-
anti tenue ventilat frigus, by fanning he causes a gentle coolness to a person
in a beat, Mart ; cujus lingua quasi flabello seditionis ilia turn est egentum
concio ventilata, by whose tongue as a fanner of sedition that band of needy
rascals was stirred to action, Cic
ventito, as. v. n. To come or go often, to be continually coming or going.
ventosus, a. am. adj. 1. Full of wind (as bellows, etc.). 2. Exposed
to the wind, windy (of the sea, weather, etc.), borne on the wind, moving
by means of the wind (of wings, etc.). 3. Swift as the wind, swift,
rapid. 4. Changeable, inconstant, fickle. 5. Light as the wind, un
substantial, empty (glory, etc.).
ventriculus, i. us. 1. JThe belly. 2. A ventricle.
tventulus, i. m. A slight wind, a slight breeze.
venturus, a, am. /id. part, of venio, q. v. (as adj.). Coming, future; n. as
subsL, the future : venture videbant, they foresaw the future, Virg.
ventus. i. m. Wind : an somnus verba dat in ventos, or does (your) sleep
cause my words to be wasted? Or.; venti aliquo in optimum quemque cx-
citato, a storm being raised against all the best citizens, Cic : eorum
ventorum quos proposui, if those plans which I have put forward, Cic
venucula, a»./. A kind of grape.
venom, i. «. (Rare except in ace) Eo venum, to come to be sold, to be
sold ; venum do, to offer for sale, to sell ; posita veno irritamenta luxus,
provocatives to luxury were exposed to sale, Tac; edixit ut . . . . militibua
communltas servaretur nisi in iis qua? veno exercerent, he ordered that their
exemptions should be continued to the soldiers except the duties on
merchandise which they dealt in if in trade, Tac.
venundo, as, dedi, datum, v. a. 1. To sell (esp. slaves). 2. To offer
for sale, to make veual.
Vinos, iris./. 1. The Goddess of Love. 2. Love, the pleasures of
love. 3. §A beloved object : parte mei Veneri sunt munera, gifts are
prepared {or are already bom, being young doves) for my love, Virg.
4. Lovely qualities, beauty, grace 5. The planet Venus. 6. The
throw of sixes on the dice.
572 VEN-VER
venusus. atis. /. 1. Beauty, grace, elegance (even of style, etc).
2. t Pleasure, happiness.
venuste. adv. 1. Beautifully. 2. Pleasantly, agreeably, delightfully.
3. Elegantly, neatly (of style, speaking, etc).
venusttu, a, an. adj Beautiful, pretty, elegant, graceful (metaph. even of
style, etc).
vepallldua, a, um. adj. Very pale
veprea, is. /., and dim. veprecula, m./. A briar, a bramble-bush.
ver. Tens. ». [4p.] 1- The spring. 2. §The springtime of life, youth.
3. ^The productions of spring: ver sacrum, an offering to the Gods of the
firstlings of the year, offered or rowed at times of great danger, Liv.
veratrum, i. n. Hellebore.
verax. acis. adj. Speaking truth, truthful, veracious.
verbenae, arum. pi. f. Green boughs of buirel, olive, or myrtle, borne by the
Fetiales, by priests imploring aid or protection, and used in sacrifices and
other religious acts.
verber. erif. a. (sing, rare and nom. ace and dat sing, never found). 1.
A lash, a whip, a scourge, a rod. 2. The thong of a sling. 3. A
n\yging, a scourging. 4. A stripe, a blow, s stroke of any kind, the
blow dealt by an oar on the water, or by a wing on the air : alarum verber»
nosco, I recognise the flapping of your wings, Virg. ; patruse Terbera
lineuae. the reproofs of a severe tongue, Hor.
verberatio, onis. f. Scourging, chastisement (lit and metaph.).
verbero. as. r. a. 1. To flog, to scourge, to strike, to beat, to lash (lie
and metaph.). 2. (Metaph.) To vex, to annoy.
verbero, onis. m. One worthy of stripes, a rogue.
vebose. adv. With many words, in a verbose style.
verbosus. a.um. adj. Using many words, prolix, verbose,
verbum. i. n. 1. A word. 2. (In pi.) Expressions, conversation, lan
guage (held by a person), discourse. 3. A saying, a proverb. 4.
Mere talk, meie words (opp. to deed, fact, reality). 5. A verb : verba
dari mini facile patior in hoc, I easily allow myself to be deceived in this
respect, Cic ; experior curis et dare verba meis, and 1 learn by experience
to beguile my anxieties, Ov. ; si uxori ture meis verbis eris gratulatus, if
you congratulate your wife in my name, Cic ; ad verbum, verbum e verbo,
verbum pro verbo, and §verbum verbo, word for word, literally, exactly,
Cic. Hor. ; verbi causa, for instance, Cic
vSre. adv. Truly, with truth.
verecunde. adv. Modestly, bashfully.
verecundia, x.f. 1. Shame, shamefacedness, bashfulness, shyness, mo
desty: turpitudinis verecundia, a being ashamed to do a base action, Cic.
2. Respect, reverence.
verecundor, aris. v. dtp. To feel bashful or shy, to be ashamed, to be
modest.
verecundus, a, um. adj. Modest, bashful, shy, shamefaced, diffident,
blushing.
* veredus, in A light hone.
verendus, a, um. gerundive fr. vereor; used as adj. To be feared, to be
regarded with awe, venerable
vereor, eris, Veritas aura, v.dep. 1. To feel awe of, to regard reve
rently. 2. To fear, to dread (c. ace, very rarely c. gen.) : vereor ne to
fear that ; vereor ut, to fear that . . . not ; (as impen.) quos nan est veri-
tinn ponere, who were not afraid to place . . ., Cic
Tergllite, irum. pi./. The Pleiades.
vergo, is, si. (but the passage where versit occurs is doubtful) v. a, and ».
1. (v.a.) (§Rare) To turn, to bend, to incline. 2. (r. «.) To bend, to
turn, to incline; (of places) to lie, to be situated (c in or ad and ace of
that towards which the place spoken of looks) : Nero solus e priviguis
i «rat, illuc, cuncta vergere, Nero was the only one left of his stepsons
and everything .began to tend towards him (i. e. towards his obtaining
 VEE 573
the empire), Tac. ; nam (dixit) suam sctatcm vergere, for (he said) that
his own age was declining (i. c. that he was coming to the decline of
life), Tac; nisi Bruti auxilium ad Italiam vergere quam ad Asiam ma-
loissemus, if we had not preferred that Brutus s aid should be available
for Italy rather than for Asia, Cic.
veridlcus, a, um. adj. 1. Truth-telling, speaking the truth. 2. True.
verlloquium, i. n. Etymology (a word which Cicero disapproves). •
verislmllis, e. adj. Likely, probable.
Veritas, &tis.f. 1. Truth, truthfulness, veracity. 2. Verity, reality.
3. Equity, justice, honesty, integrity, uprightness. 4. Correctness (iu
Bpeaking).
Veritas, a, um. part. fr. vereor, q. v.
ver m iculatus, a, am. pari. ; used as adj. Inlaid so as to resemble the tracks
of worms.
tjvermlculus, i. m. A little worm, a grub,
vermina, um. n. pL Pain in the bowels, gripes.
^vermino, as. v. «. To have pains, to itch, to ache,
vermis, is. m. A worm.
versa, ae, and vernula, se. 1. A slave bom in his master's house. 2.
*(As adj.) Native,
vernaculus, a, um. adj. 1. Of home-bom slaves, of slaves. 2. Native,
national, vernacular, innate : crimen vernaculum, a charge invented by the
accuser himself, Cic.
vernllis, e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to a slave. 2. Servile, fawning.
« verniliter. adv. Like a slave.
verno, as. v. n. To flourish as in spring, to flourish, to be verdant. 2.
§To sing (of birds), to resound (as the fields with the song of birds). 3.
§To be lively, vigorous : cum tibi vernarent dubia lanugine mala;, when
your cheeks began to bloom with a doubtful (i. e. scarcely perceptible)
down, Mart,
vernus, a, um. adj. Of or belonging to spring, vernal, spring.
vero. adv. 1. In truth, certainly, assuredly, surely, really. 2. Im-
mo vero, aye in truth, in truth. 3. Vel vero, or even, or what is more.
3. But, but however, however : se vero . . . venerande puer jampectore
toto accipio, and as for you, 0 noble youtb, I embrace you with my
whole heart, Virg.
verpus. i. m. A circumcised person,
verres, is. m. A boar pig, a male swine,
verriaus, a, tun. adj. Of pig, of pork : jus verrinum (a pun, the words
meaning, "pork soup,1' or "justice as obtained from Verres"), Cic.
verro, is, ri, rsum. v. a. To sweep, (lit. and metaph.) to brush, to sweep
clean, to sweep out, to clean by sweeping. 2. To sweep away, to carry
off: roaria ac terras coelumque profundum quippe ferant rapidi secum ver-
rantque per auras, they would hurry away with them, sea, and earth, and
the lofty heavens, and sweep them along through the air, Virg. ; simul arm
fulfil simul sequora verrens, sweeping over both fields and seas in his
flight, Virg.
verruca, ».f. 1. A wart, (metaph.) a slight fault.
+ ^verrucosus, a, um adj. Full of wants, (metaph.) rough, rugged,
verrunco, as. v. n. and a. 1. (r. n„ only in the phrase bene vermnco)
To turn out well, to have a fortunate issue. 2. (v. a.) To cause to turn
out well.
i jversabundus. a, um. adj. Turning round,
versatllis, e. adj. 1. Turning round easily. 2. Versatile,
versicolor, oris. adj. 1. Changing its colour, changing its hue. 2.
party-coloured,
verslculus, in. A little verse, a liule line,
verso, aa. r. a. To turn, twist, or whirl about, to cause to revolve (the sky,
etc.), to shake, to turn up (land with a plough), to turn round (a chariot,
etc.), to drive (oxen), to turn over (books, i.e. to read or study them).
574 VER
2. To bend, to apply (one's mind, etc; c. ad and ace. of the pursuit to
which). 3. To drive about, to vex, harass, agitate: Fors omnia verat,
chance directs all things, Virg. 4. To pervert, distort (words). 5.
To turn over (in one's mind), to revolve, to reflect upon, to consider, to
meditate : qua mea non decies somnia versat anus? what old woman doe*
not interpret my dreams ten times over ? Prop.
versor, iris. v. dip. 1. To dwell, to live, to remain. 2. To be involved
in, to be occupied with, to be engaged in, to be concerned in, to be employed
in : res in perfacili cognitione vcrsantur, the matters are very easily un
derstood, Cic
versura. M.f. 1. 1A turning round. 2. A changing of one's creditor,
the borrowing of money to pay a debt : vereor ne versura mini sol vend urn
sit, I fear I shall have to contract a fresh loan to pay it, Cic.
versus, a, Tim. pari. pass, of verto, q. v.
versus, and (rare) versum. adv. and prep. (c. ace.). 1. (adv.) Towards :
dimittit quoquo versus legationes, he sends embassies in every direction,
Cses. 2. (prep., often after its case) Towards.
versus, 4a. m. 1. A line, a row. 2. A verse, a written line.
versute. adv. Cunningly, craftily.
versutia, ae. /. Cunning, craftiness.
S versutiloquus, a, tun. adj. Speaking craftily.
versutus. a, um. adj. 1. Cunning, crafty, wily. 2. Clever, shrewd.
,'vertagus, i. m. A greyhound.
vertex, Icis. m. 1. A whirlpool, an eddy (not only of water, but also of
wind or flame). 2. The crown of the head. 3. The head. 4. A
pole of the heavens. 5. The highest point, top, summit (of anything) :
a vertice, from above, Virg. : dolorum vertices, the most extreme grief,
Poet. ap. Cic.
vertfeosus, a, um. adj. Full of eddies.
vertigo, Inis. f. 1. A turning round and round. 2. Giddiness, dizii-
ness.
verto, is, ti, sum. v. a. and ». 1. (r. a.) To turn, to rum round : hostes
terga verterunt, the enemy turned their backs (i. e. fled), Cses.; eqnitet in
fiigam verterunt, they put the cavalry to flight, Li v.; versi in fugam hostes,
the enemy were put to flight, Tac; versa acies retro, the army put to
flight, Hor. 2. To turn, guide, direct, incline. 3. To turn up (as a
plough, etc. turns up the ground). 4. To turn upside down, to over
turn, upset, overthrow. 5. To change, to alter. 6. To translate.
7. (As v. n.) To turn oneself, to turn round, to change. 8. To turn
out (well, ill, etc.). 9. (vertor, past. c. in and abl.) To be engaged in,
involved in, to be in : in raajore discriminc domi res vertebantur, affairs
at a home were in a more critical position, Liv. 10. (vertor, pass, c in
and abl.) To depend upon, to rest upon : non hie victoria Tom-rum vertitur,
it is not on this that the victory of the Trojans depends, Virg.; (pan.
impers.) vertebatur utnim manerent in Achaico concilio Lacedaemonii, the
question was raised whether the Lacedaemonians should remain in the
Albican council, Liv.; Pompeiani se verterunt, Pompey's troops wheeled
round, Caes.; non ante verso lene lucrum cado . . . jamdudum apnd me est,
I have long had by me for you some mellow wine in a cask not previously
tapped (lit turned up so as to let the wine run out of it), Hor.; nice Deus
in melius crudelia somnia vertat, may Ood guide these cruel dreams a better
way (i. e. give them a happier issue), Tib. ; ea ludificatio veri in veram
vertis, that which was meant as a mockery of truth turned out true, Liv.;
base ... in perniciem adolescente verterunt, these things turned out to the
young man's injury, Liv. ; quod nee bene vertat, and may it not turn
out well, Virg.; anno vcrtente, as a year revolves (i. e. in the course of
aa year), Cic. ; intra tinem anni vertentis, before the end of the current
year, Nep. ; Philippus totus in Persea versus, Philip was wholly inclined
to Perses, Liv.—verti solum, see solum,
'ertumnus, i. m. The God of change: Vertumnis natus iniqnis, bera
 VEE — V E S 575
under the displeasure of all the Vertumni (as being continually changing),
Hor.
veru, us. n. 1. A spit. 2. §A dart, a javelin.
verum. adv. 1. +Truly, indeed, really. 2. (More usu.) But, but yet,
however. 3. But, still (in passing from one subject to another).
veruntamen. adv. 1. But yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless, however. 2.
(Sometimes used esp. in resuming the thread of a discourse after a paren
thesis) But as I was saying.
veras, a, in, adj. 1. True, real, actual, genuine. 2. Speaking the
truth, veracious. 3. (Usu. in n. ring, in this sense) Right, proper, rea
sonable, equitable, fitting ; n. as subsl., the truth, the reality, the fact.
verutum, i. «. A dart, a javelin.
$ verutus, a, um. adj. Armed with a dart or javelin.
vervex. ecis. m. A wether sheep : vervecum in patria . . . nasci, to be bom
in the country where men are as stupid as sheep, Juv.
vesania, oe. f. Madness, insanity.
ivesaniens, entis. part. fr. inus. Raging.
vesanus, a, tun. adj. Mad, insane, furious, raging, fierce, violent (of things,
sea, wind, fire, hunger, etc., as well as of animals).
vescor, eris. no perf. r. dep. (c. abl. ). To feed upon, to eat (applied to
liquids as well as solids) : quicunque terra: munere vescimur, as many as
feed on the produce of the earth (i. e. live), Hor. ; si vescitur aura vEtheria,
if lie breathes the air of heaven (i. e. lives), Virg.; quia erat ad vescendum
hominibus apta, because it was fit for men to eat, Cic.
vescuB, a, am. adj. Thin, slender, weak, fine, of delicate fibre, of fine
grain.
vesica, ee. /. 1. The bladder. 2. J Anything made of bladder, a bag,
a football. 3. £Bombastic language.
vesicula, 85./ 1 . A little bladder. 2. A pod of seed.
Jvespa, a}./. A wasp.
vesper, eris, and eri. m. [?o-r*por.] 1. Evening, eve. 2. The
evening star. 3. §The west; vesperi (aW. as adv.) in the evening ;
tarn vesperi, so late in the evening, Cic.
vespera, a)./ Evening.
vesperasoo, is, avi. v. n. To become evening, to be the evening (3rd sing,
sometimes as imperi.): vesperascet, evening draws on, Ter. ; vesperascente
ccelo, in the evening, Nep. ; vesperascente jam die, when the day was now
inclining towards evening. Tax.
; vespertilio, onis. m. A bat.
vespertlnus, a, um. adj. 1 . Of or belonging to evening, in the evening
(of a deed or a doer of a deed). 2. Western.
tvespillo, onis. m. One who carried out the corpses of the poor at night.
Vesta, 83. / 1. The goddess of homes and hearths : quo tempore Vesta
arsit, when the temple of Vesta was burnt, Ov. 2. § Five.: Vestas Sa-
cerdos, Julius Caesar, Ov.
Vestalis, is. adj. Of, belonging to, or sacred to Vesta ; f. as tubst, a Vestal
virgin.
vaster, tra, tram. adj. Yours, of ye (never for tuus, as noster is used for
meus): odio vestro, out of hatred to you, Li v.
vestlbulum, in. 1. The enclosed space between the door of a house and
the street, an entrance court 2. An entrance (to any place), (metapb.)
an opening, a beginning.
vestigium, l. n. 1. A footprint, a track. 2. A footstep, a step : per-
gunt hostem vestigiis sequi, they go forth in order to track the enemy by
their footsteps, Liv. j negans e republica esse vestigium abscedi ab Han-
nibale, urging that it was not for the good of the state that he should depart
a single step from Hannibal, Liv. 3. A mark, a sign, a token, a print,
a trace. 4. A moment; also vestigium temporis, Cic; e vestigio tem-
poris, at that very moment, Cses, ; e vestigio, immediately, instantly, Cic,
C««.
 576 VES—VIA
vestigo. as. r. n. 1. To follow in the track of, to track, to trace, to seek,
to look for. 2. To investigate. 3. To find.
vestimentum, i. n. A garment ; (in pi.) clothes.
vestio. Is, ivi, itum. v. a. 1. To clothe, to dress. 2. (Metaph.) To
clothe, to cover, to surround : exquisitas sentential mollis restiebat oratio,
refined language sets off exquisite sentiments, Cic.
Testis, is. y*. 1. A garment, a robe, a vestment, clothing: vestem
mutnndam omnea putarunt, they all thought that they ought to put on
mourning, Cic. 2. Any cloth, any sort of covering, bedclothes, curtains,
a carpet, a veil, +§ihe skin of a serpent, the web of a spider, the beard.
vcstitus, us. nt. (Lit. and metaph. ) Clothing, clothes, dress, apparel, attire,
vesture : edicunt consules ut ad suum vestitum Benatorea redirent, the
consuls issue an edict that the senators shall leave off their mourning (re
turn to their usual dress), Cic; vestitum mutare, to put on mourning,
Cic.
veteranus, a, urn. adj. Veteran, old ; in. pi. as stibst, veterans.
vetSrasco, is, avi. v. n. To grow old, to be of long continuance, to become
inveterate.
v<5 terator, oris. m. 1 . One who has grown old, who has had much practice,
a person of great experience. 2. A cunning person, a crafty man.
veterati6rie. adv. Cunningly, craftily, slyly.
veteratorius, a, um. adj. Craftily, cunningly.
tvSternosus, a, um. adj. Lethargic, drowsy, dreamy, lazy.
veterans, i. m. Lethargy, laziness, indolence, drowsiness, sloth.
vet it us. a, am. part, jiass. of seq. 1. Forbidden (of both things and
^persons). a. as sultst. 1. What is forbidden, a forbidden thing.
2. A prohibition.
v5to, as, ui, and Javi, Itum. r. a. To forbid, to prohibit (c ace. pen., c
ace rei, or in tin., or ne and subj., or §c. subj.) : tribuni in vincula conjici
vetant, the tribunes interpose their veto against his being imprisoned, Liv.
vetulus, a, um. adj. Little and old, old ; f. as subsL, an old woman.
vetus, gen. eris. adj. 1. Old, of long standing, ancient (not aged, of per
sons, after Terence). 2. Veteran : illi veteres militias, they, veterans in
military experience, Tae; vetus regnandi, of long experience as a ruler,
Tac; /).'. in. as mini., the ancients; pi. f. as svhsi., a place in Rome so
called (taberna;, sc.), the old booths.
vetustai, atis./ 1. Old age. 2. (More usu.) Antiquity, long du
ration, long existence, length of time : juncti vetustate, connected by an
intimacy of long standing, Cic.
vetustus, a, um. adj. 1. That has existed a long time, old, ancient.
2. Old-fashioned, antiquated.
tSvexamen, Inis. n. A shaking.
vexatio, onis. f. Vexation, annoyance, discomfort, trouble, distress, Jpain.
vexator, oris. m. 1. A troubler, harasser, disquieter. 2. An op
ponent, a hinderer.
vexillarius, i. in. 1. A standard-bearer, an ensign. 2. (Jin pi.). The
oldest class of veterans, the last troops summoned to serve in cases of
emergency.
vexillum, i. is. 1. A military standard, flag, ensign, banner (esp. a red
flag placed on the general's tent as a signal for battle, or for marching).
2. The troops belonging to a standard, a company.
vexo. as. r. a. 1. To shake violently, to loss about, to agitate, to drive to
and fro. 2. To vex, annoy, distress, harass, disquiet, torment 3. To
attack : vexatte comae, hair twisted and curled repeatedly, Or.
via, ss. f. I . A way, a roadway, pathway, road, street. 2. Any kind
of passage, or way of access or escape for anything : dividitur in solidum
cuneis via, a cleft is cut in the solid timber by wedges, Virg. ; vestcs quas
-w femina Coa texuit auratas disposuitque vias, garments which a Coan woman
has woven and arranged on them stripes of gilded embroidery, Tih.
3. A path or way taken (i. e. a march, progress, advance, journey, voyage).
 , ViA—VIC 577
4. A way (i. e. a manner, a method, a fashion) : ut ratione et via procedat,
that it may proceed according to system and method, Cic.
viarius, a, am. adj. Of or belonging to roads : lex viaria, a highway act,
Cic
viaticum, i. n. 1. Travelling expenses, provision for a journey : collecta
viatica multia serumnis, money made by the endurance of much hardship
(as a soldier), Hor.
viator, oris. m. 1. A traveller, a wayfarer. 2. An officer whose duty
it was to summon persons before a magistrate.
Jvfbex, icis./: The mark of a stripe, a weal.
vibro. as. v. a. and ;/. 1. (v. a.) To move to and Fro, to brandish, to
wave, to shake violently, to cause to flutter (as the wind causes garments,
etc.). 2. To hurl, to cast, to fling, to throw (lit. and metaph.): crinea
vibrati calido ferro, hair curled with hot iron, Virg. 3. (v. «.) To vi
brate, to quiver. 4. To glitter, to flash : cujus non tam vibrarent ful-
mina ilia, whose thunderbolts (of eloquence) would not have been hurled
with such vigour, Cic.
viburnum, i. n. The wayfaring tree.
vicanus, i. ra. A villager : vicani haruspices, soothsayers who go from one
village to another to tell fortunes, etc.
Vica, SB, Pita, as. [vinco, potior.] An appellation of the Goddess of Victory.
vicarius, a, urn. adj. Delegated, vicarious. m. as suhst. 1. A sub
stitute, a deputy. 2. A successor, one who takes the place of another
3. A servant hired by another servant to work for him.
vlcatim. adv. 1 . From street to street, from village to village. 2. In
villages, in hamlets (to live).
vlceni, SB, a. pi. adj. 1. Twenty apiece, twenty each. 2. Twenty.
Jviceslmani, orum. pi. n. Soldiers of the Twentieth Legion.
vicesimarius, a, urn. Of or arising from the tax called vicesima.
viceslmus, a, am. adj. Twentieth ; f. as subst., a tax of a twentieth, or
four per cent. (esp. on the value of a slave who was emancipated, also as
export duty).
vlcia, SB./ A vetch.
vicies. adv. Twenty times.
Ticlnalis, e. adj. Of or belonging to the neighbours or the neighbourhood.
vicinia, se. /. 1. Neighbourhood, vicinity, the adjacent district. 2.
§The neighbourhood (i. e. those who live in it, the neighbours).
Tlcinltas, atis. / 1. The being near, the being a neighbour, proximity,
nearness. 2. The neighbourhood, i. e. the people living in it, the
neighbours.
vicinus, a, urn, adj. 1. Near, neighbouring, in the vicinity. 2. Of or
belonging to neighbours. 3. Nearly resembling, like, akin to, allied to,
similar ; m. and/ as mist., a neighbour ; n. as subst., the neighbourhood,
the neighbouring district.
vlcis. grn.f. (gen. only in Sil.; usu. only in ace. and abl. sing. ; nom., ace, and
abl. pi). 1. Change, interchange, alternation, alternate succession,
vicissitude : in vicem, in vices, per vices, and vicibus factis, in turns, alter
nately, Ov. (See below.) 2. Requital, reciprocal service or disservice,
retaliation, equal retribution. 3. The changes of fate, the lot, condition
or fortune of any one. 4. The place or position occupied by any one, the
duty to be performed by any one : fungar vice cotis, I will discharge the
office of a whetstone, Hor.; poena in vicem fidei cesserat, punishment had
taken the place of payment (the debtors who could not pay being made
slaves), Liv.; suam vicem ssepe doleo, I often grieve for your condition
(or misfortune), Cic; suam vicem anxii, anxious about their own fate,
Liv.; testor .... nee tela nee ullas vitavisse vices Danaum, I call you to
witness that I avoided not the weapons nor any of the chances of war at
the hands of the Greeks, Virg. ; ne nostrum vicem irascaris, that you may
not be angry on our account, Liv. ; plus vice simplici, more than once,
Hor. in vicem (often invicem, q. v.). 1. By turns, alternately :
p r
 $78 VIC—VIG
propter vicinitatcm simul eramus invicem, on account of our being neigh
bours we were much together at one another's house in turns, Cic ; at hoc
insigne regiura suam cujusque vicem per omnes iret, that this kingly badge
should go through the whole number, to each in his turn, Liv. 2.
Instead of, instead ; vioem, as adv., after the manner of, like.
vice, as adv. 1. it Instead of. 2. Like.
vicissim. adv. In turn, in one's turn, alternately.
vicissi t udo, inis. f. 1 . Vicissitude, change. 2. A doing anything in
one's turn. 3. Requital, interchange (of good offices, etc.).
victlma, m.f. A beast slain for sacrifice, a victim (lit. and metaph.).
victimarius, La, A subordinate priest who assisted at sacrifices.
+victito, as. r. n. To live, to subsist on (c abl. of the food),
victor, oris. m. A conqueror, a victor, a subduer, a vanquisher; tsadj.,
victorious (of an enemy), triumphal (of a car, etc.)
victoria, a./. 1. Victory. 2. The Goddess of Victory.
victoriatus. i. m. A silver coin worth half a denarius, stamped with the
image of Victory,
victoriola, as./ A little statue of Victory.
victrox, icis./. A female conqueror; more usu. adj./. and »., victorious.
victus, a, am. part. pais. it. vinco, q. v.
victus, us. m. [vivo.] 1. That upon which one lives, food, victuals, pro
visions, nourishment. 2. A way of life, a manner of living, livelihood.
vicus, i. ?«., and dim. vicolns, i. m. 1. A street. 2. A village, a
hamlet. 3. A country Beat, a farm,
videlicet, adv. 1. Clearly, evidently, certainly, indeed. 2. Forsooth
(ironical). 3. Namely, to wit; videlicet parcum ilium fuisse aenem, it
is clear that that old man was covetous, Plant.
video,' ? for videsne. Do you see ? do you not see ?—Ses video,
vldem, entis. part. fr. video, q. v. as adj. 1. With one's eyes open, i. e.
knowing what one is doing. 2. Alive.
video, 01, vidi, visum, v. a. 1. To see, to behold. 2. To look, to
look at. 3. To go to see, to visit. 4. To look towards (as one place
looks towards another). 5. §To perceive (by any of the other sense*;
by the mind, etc.), to be aware of, to discern, to know. 6. To see
to, i. e. reflect upon, consider, provide for, take care of : ipse viderit, let
him see to that himself, Cic; utinam eum diem videaru, I wish that I may
see (i. e. live to see) that day, Cic; casus abies visum marinos, the pine
tree destined to see (i. e. to experience) the dangers of the sea, Virg.
vldeor, eris, visas sum. pass, of prec. To be looked upon as, to seem, to
appear.—(3rd sin,;, often as impers.) 1. It seems, it appears, 2.
(Esp. in replies) It seems to be the case, it appears so. 3. It seem*
good, wise, proper, fitting or best: ut consul quern videretur ei cum imperio
mitteret, that the consul should send in command whomsoever he pleased
(him whom it seamed good to him), Liv.
vldultas, atis. /. Widowhood,
vlduo. as. v. a. 1, To reduce to a state of widowhood (esp. in pau. pari.).
2. To deprive, to bereave, to strip (c. abl. of that of which).
vlduuB, a, am. adj. 1. Widowed (not only of a person, bat of a mar
riage bed, etc.): vidua arbor, a tree which has not another tree (esp. a
vine) trained against it, I lor.; vidua vitis, a vine not trained to another
tree, Cat, 2. Deprived, bereft (c abl. or §c gen., mora rare c. ab and
abl.); f. as mbtt., a widow,
vietus, a, am, andgvio. adj. 1. Shrunk, shrivelled. 2. Decayed, rotten.
vlgeo, OS, vlgui, no sup. v.n. 1. To-be lively, vigorous, to thrive, to
flourish : quern in academia vigere maxime audio, who I hear is in high
esteem in the academy, Cic; Alpes vix integris vobis ac vigentibus tran-
sitaj, the Alps which you only passed with great difficulty when yoa were
-\ fresh and in full vigour, Liv.
gvlgesco, is. r. n. To become vigorous, to begin to flourish,
vigil, Ilis. adj. 1. Awake, on the alert. 2. Wakeful, watchful, vigi
\
 VIG—VIN 579
lant : vigil ales, the cock, Ov. ; centum ares posuit, vigilemque sacraverat
ignem, he erected a hundred altars, and established a sacred fire never to
be extinguished, Virg. ; vigiles lucernas perfer in luccni, keep your lamps
burning all night till daylight returns (at a feast), I lor.; m. as mint., a
watchman, a sentinel.
vigilans. antis. part. pret. of vigilo, q. v.j also as adj., a compar. etc.
Watchful, vigilant,
vigllanter. adv. Vigilantly, carefully, watchfully.
vlgilantia, ee. /. Vigilance, watchfulness, wakefulness.
vlgilax, acts, adj. 1. ; Vigilant, watchful. 2. §That keeps one
awake (as anxiety).
vigilia, 86. f. 1. Wakefulness, watchfulness. 2. Vigilance (rare).
3. A watching, a watch (in a camp, city, etc.), a guard. 4. A watch,
i. e. a fourth part of the night (it being divided into four watches). 5.
(usu. in pi.) The watch, the guard, i. e. the body of sentinels, the watch
men : cupio jam vigiliam nieam Brute tibi tradere, I wish now, 0 Brutus,
to resign to you my office of watching over the state, Cic.
vigilo, as. v. n. and a. 1. (v. a.) To be awake, to be wakeful, to keep
awake, not to sleep : lumina summit vigilantia turre, lights burning all
night on the top of the tower, Ov. 2. To be watchful, to be vigilant.
3. (v. a. only in pass.) To spend in watching, to perform with watchfulness,
to execute by night, when others are asleep: hoc pretium curse vigilatorum-
que laborum cepimuB, this is the reward which 1 have received for my care
and for my nightly studies, Ov. ; carmen vigilatum, a song sung by night, a
serenade, Ov.; also as pans, impure.: vigilandum est semper, one must
afways be awake, or be vigilant, Att. apud Cic.
viginti. indecl. Twenty.
vlgintivlratus, us. m. The office of vigintivir.
vigintivlri, ornm. pi. m. A board of twenty commissioners appointed for
different purposes.
vigor, 8ris. m. Vigour, strength, energy.
vilis, e. adj. 1. Of little value, cheap, bought or to be bought at a low
price. 2. Paltry, mean, insignificant, disregarded, looked upon as nothing:
■i tibi sum vilis, if you have no regard for me. Or.; si dum me carcas est
tibi vile mori, if, as long as you can escape from me, you do not mind death,
Ov. 3. §Vile, worthless, bad. 4. (As being cheap) Common, abun
dant, found in great quantities.
vilitas, atis. / 1. Cheapness, lowness of price. 2. {Insignificance.
villa, se.y", and dim. villula. 83. f. A country house, a farm with a house
upon it : villa publica, a building erected in the Campus Martius, as the
gathering place for the people at the time of the census, as a place of ren
dezvous and review for recruits ; assigned also as a dwelling for foreign am
bassadors.
Jvilllca, as./ A bailiff's wife.
villicus. i. m. A bailiff, a steward of an estate.
villico, as. r. a. To be a steward or manager.
villosus, a, urn. adj. Covered with coarse hair, shaggy, hairy.
-f-villum, i. n. A sup of wine.
villus, i. hi. Shaggy hair, a tuft of hair : aries villo spectabilis aureo, the
ram splendid with his golden fleece, Ov.
vlmen, Inis. n., and Jvimontum, i. n. A withy, an osier twig.
vimineus, a, urn. adj. Of withy, of osier.
vin\ for visne, 2nd sissy, of volo with ne.—See volo.
vinaceus, i. m. A grapestone.
vinalia, um. pi. n. The wine festival, kept every 22nd of April and 19th of
August, when an offering of new wine was made to Jupiter.
vlnariuB. a, um. adj. Of or belonging to wine : vinarium crimen, a charge
relating to wine, or to a tax upon wine, Cic. ; n. pi. as most., bottles of
wine, jars of wine.
tvinclbflis, e. adj. That is easily gained (a cause).
" PP 2
 580 VIN—VIO
vincio, Is, nxi, nctum. v. a. 1. To bind, to encircle (as a garland, 8 ring,
etc.). 2. To fetter, to put in prison. 3. To confine, to restrain.
A. To surround so as to fortify, to protect, to secure : unda vincta gelu, the
ice-bound water, Ov.
vinco. is, vici, victum. v. a. To defeat, to vanquish, to overcome, to con
quer, to subdue, to beat in any kind of contest, to prevail against, to get
the better of : noctem flammis funalia vincunt, the torches prevail over
the darkness of night with their blaze, Virg. ; ubi aera vincere enmraum
arboris haud ullae jactu potuere aagittae, where no arrows could in their
shot (i. e. by being shot) go above the highest summit of the trees, Virg.
2. To surpass, to excel, to exceed. 3. To carry one's point, to prevail,
to gain the day, to have one's own way. 4. To prove conclusively, to
demonstrate, to establish (a fact).
vinctus. a, nm. part. pom. fr. vincio, q. v.
vinculum, i. n. {sync, vinolum). 1. That with which anything is bound
or fastened, a band, a bond, a tie, a rope, a string, a cord : impediunt
teneros vincula nulla pedes, no sandals (or shoestrings) embarrass her tender
feet, Ov. 2. A chain, a fetter, a manacle : in vincula conjectus, being
thrown into prison, Cffis.
vindemia, ae. f. 1. The vintage. 2, Grapes, the crop of grapes.
vindemiator and vindemitor, oris. m. 1. A gatherer of grapes. 2.
The name of a star in the constellation Virgo.
vindemiola, ft*, f. A little vintage, a little resource in the way of income.
viadex. Icis. m. f. 1. A claimant. 2. A maintainer. a defender, a vin
dicator, a deliverer, a protector : periculi vindex, a protector from danger,
Liv. 3. An avenger, a punisher, a chastiser.
vindex, Icis. adj. m. f. 1 . Protecting, preserving. 2. Avenging.
vindicatio. on is. / 1. Protection. 2. An avenging, a chastising.
vindlciae, arum. pi./. A laying claim to a thing (by both the parties to a
lawsuit), a legal claim (advanced) : postulant . . . vindicias det secundum
libertatem, they demand that he should admit the claim made on the side
of freedom, Liv. ; se iterum ac stepius judicem ill x ferre ni vindicias ab
libertate in servitutem dederit, [declaring] that he will over and over again
impeach him of having admitted the claim on the side of slavery against
freedom (decided in favour of slavery), Liv.
vindico, as. r. a. 1. To lay claim to, to claim, to demand. 2. To ar
rogate to oneself, to assume, to appropriate. 3. To maintain, to assert,
to uphold : vindicet antiquam faciem, let her resume her ancient appear
ance, Ov. 4. To deliver, to free, to emancipate. 5. (c in and ace.)
To restore to, to replace in : qui Gallium in libertatem vindicent, who may
restore Gaul to liberty, Cks. ; ut se aliquando ad suos vindicent, that he
might some day or other achieve his restoration to his friends, Cic. 6. To
avenge, to punish, to take vengeance on (sometimes c. in and ace per*.).
vindicta, ae. _/.* 1. The rod with which a claimant touched the thing to
which he laid claim, or with which the lictor of the magistrate touched a
slave who was being emancipated. 2. A protection, a defence : legis
yindicta scvene, a protection against a cruel law, Ov. 3. Vengeance,
revenge, punishment.
Tinea, ae. /! ). A vineyard. 2. JA vine. 3. A penthouse or abed
built to shelter troops besieging any place.
vinetum, i. n. A vineyard.
vinitor. oris. m. A vinedresser.
vlnolentia, ae./. Intoxication, drukenness.
vinolentus, a, nm. adj. 1. Intoxicated, drank. 2. Mixed with wine.
vindsus, a, am. adj. 1. Fond of wine. 2. Drunk.
\ vinum, i. n. [vivos. ] Wine.
viola, SB./ 1. A violet. 2. A bed of violets. 3. §Violet colour.
§vi61abllis, e. adj. 1. That may be violated. 2. Easily wounded,
easily pierced.
F—Milium, L n. A bed of violets,
latio, onis. /. The act of violating, violation, profanation.
 VIO — VIE 581
violator, oris. m. One who violates, a profaner.
violenter. adv. Violently, forcibly, with great force, with vehemence, im
petuously.
violentia, 85./ Violence, great force, impetuosity, vehemence, ferocity.
violentus, a, um, and § violens, entis. adj. Violent, impetuous, vehe
ment, exerting great force, boisterous, headstrong, fierce, furious : obstupe-
factus tarn violento imperio, astounded by so peremptory a command,
Liv. ; nimis violentum est nulla esse dicere, it is too strong a statement to
say that there are none at all, Cic.
vifilo, as. v. a. 1. To treat with violence, to illtreat, to injure, to do vio
lence to. 2. To violate, to break (treaties, etc), to profane. 3. To
ravish. 4. To ravage, to lay waste. 5. §To stain, to dye: in patris
vita violanda, in assailing the life of one's father, Virg.
vipera, as./'. A viper, an adder, a serpent (lit. and inetaph.).
vipereus, a, um, and viperinus, a, um. adj. Of a viper, of a snake :
vipereum monstrum, the monster with snakes for hair (i. e. Medusa), Ov.;
vipereas sorores, the sisters with snakes for hair (i.e. the Furies), Ov. ;
vipereis Ephyren Pirenida pennis contigit, she reached Corinth, where the
fountain of Pirena is, borne on a car drawn by winged serpents, Ov.;
vipeream inspirans animam, breathing on her a poisonous breath, Virg.
vir. virl m. 1. A man (opp. to a woman, or to a boy), esp. a brave man,
a manly man. 2. A husband. 3. A soldier, esp. a foot-soldier (opp.
to eques, a cavalry soldier). 4. §Manhood, virility.
virago, litis./ A brave woman, a heroine: belli metuenda virago, the
virgin to be dreaded in war (i. e. Minerva), Ov.
vireo, es, iui. no sup. v. n. 1 To be green or verdant, to flourish, to
bloom. 2. (Of a person) To be in the bloom of youth, in one's prime,
to be vigorous, active, strong: pectora felle virent, her breast is full of gall,
Ov.
vlresco, is. v. n. 1. To grow green, to become green. 2. To be green.
3. To shoot forth, to arise, to be developed.
vires.—See vis.
viretum, Lb. A green place, a grassy lawn.
virga, SB./ 1. A twig, a thin branch. 2. A graft, a scion, a cutting.
3. A rod. 4. § The fasces (which was a bundle of rods with an axe in
the centre). 5. A stall'. C. §A magic wand. 7. §A thin stripe on
cloth.
virgatus, a, um. adj. 1. Made of twigs. 2. Marked with stripes,
striped.
virgetum, i. n. An osier bed.
virgeus. a, tun. adj. Made of twigs, of osiers : virgea flamma, a fire made
of small twigs, of brushwood, Virg.
vaginalis, e, and virgineus, a, um. adj. Of, belonging to, or suited to a
viriiin, a virgin, maidenly : virginalis ploratus, wailing like that of a girl j
pusillanimous lamentation. Poet. ap. Cic. ; virginea am, the altar kept by
the vestal virgins, the altar of Vesta, Ov.; Virgineus Helicon, Helicon
• aacred to the Virgin Muses, Ov.; Viigineae volucres, the Harpies, Ov.;
Virginete urnae, the ami of the Danaides, Prop.
virginitas, Mil./ Virginity.
virgo, Inis./ 1. A virgin, a maid. 2 A girl, a young woman. 3.
The constellation Virgo: bellica Virgo, Minerva, Ov.; virginls ira Diss,
the wrath of the virgin goddess (i. e. Diana), Ov.; jam redit et Virgo, now
the virgin Astrasa returns, Virg.; gelidissima Virgo, the stream brought to
Rome in an aqueduct by Agrippa, and so called after the young girl who
discovered its source, Ov.
virgula, as./ A little twig, a little rod, divina virgula, a divining rod,
Cic.
virgultum, in. A thicket, a coppice, a shrubbery.
virgultus, a, um. adj. (rare). Full of bushes.
Jvirguncula, ss. / A young maid, a young girl.
PP 3
582 VIB—VIT
viridarinm, i. ». A plantation of tree*, a garden, a shrubbery.
virldlcatus, a, us. adj. (rare). Green.
viridis. a. adj. 1. Green. 2. Youthful, vigorous, blooming.
viridltai, ads./! Greenness, rerdure, viridity.
virido, as. r. a. and n. 1. (r. a.) To make green. 2. (r. a. chiefly
in part viridans) To be green.
Tirilis. e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to or like a man, manly. 2. Male,
masculine. 3. Manly, bold, courageous, fearless, spirited : toga virilis,
the plain white gown assumed by Roman youths at the age of sixteen ;
pars virilis, a person's share, part, or duty ; est aliqua raea pars virilis quod
ejus civitatis sum, it is in some degree my own duty, because I belong to
that city, Cic; cam illius gloria pars virilis apud omnes militea sit, as a
share of that glory belongs to all the soldiers, Liv.; base qui pro ririli parte-
defendunt, they who defend these things with all their might (or to the
best of their ability), Cic
tvirilitas, atis. ia. Manliness, manly vigour, virility.
vlrlliter. adv. In a manly manner, like a man, boldly, bravely,
vlritim. adv. Man by man, to each man, singly, separately, individually.
virosus. a. tun. adj. Having a strong odour, strong smelling.
virtus, utis. /. 1. Manliness, manhood, manly courage. 2. Bravery,
valour, gallantry, military qualities. 3. Goodness of any kind, excel
lence. 4. Moral excellence, virtue, integrity, purity of life,
virus, i. a. (no pi.). 1, A slimy liquid, slimy matter, slime. 2. A
poisonous liquid, poison, virus. 3. tS A fetid smell, a stench. 4.
t§A brackinh or salt taste,
vis, vis, pi. vires, -ium (also in Lucr. /.'. vis). / 1. Strength, force,
vigour, power, might : quicquid agas decet agere pro viribus, whatever you
do. you should do to the best of your ability. Cic 2. Force, i. e. violence,
a violent charge or onset (sometimes esp. violence to chastity): cui rim anV
rebat. to whom he was attempting to offer violence, Cic; rim paua rtt
Phcebe, Phoebe was forced to submit to violence, Ov. 3. Mental rigour,
oratorical power and energy. 4. Efficacy, influence. 5. Quantity,
abundance : odora canum vis, a pack of hounds of keen scent, Virg. 6.
Meaning, sense, signification (of a word or phrase). 7. (In pL) Troops,
forces.
viscatus. a, tun. adj. Smeared with birdlime.
visceratio. onis./ A public distribution of meat.
viscum. i. n., and tviscus, i. m. [Hit.] 1. The misletoe. 2. Birdlime
viseus, eris. n. (very rare in sui?., except in ab!.). 1. The intestines,
entrails, bowels (lit. and metaph.). 2. Flesh. 3. The fruit of the
womb, offspring. 4. The inmost part, the most vital part (of anything) :
non patriae validas in viscera vertite vires, turn not your mighty strength
against the life of your country, Virg. ; exstruxit villain .... visreribus
ssrarii, he drained the very bowers of the treasury to build himself a country
house, Cic.
visendus. a, tun. gerund, fr. viso, q. v. ; as adj. Worth seeing, splendid,
visio, finis, f. A thing seen, an appearance, a vision. 2. An idea, a
notion,
vis! to, as. r. a, l.fTo see. 2. To go to see, to visit.
Viso, is, si, sum. v. a. 1 . To look at, to behold, to survey, to view. 2.
To go or come in order to see, to visit (c. ace, rare e. ad and ace).
visum, i. a. 1. A thing seen, an appearance, a vision. 2. An impres
sion made on the senses by an external object. 3. §An object to be
seen,
visus, a, um. part. pats, of video. 1. The faculty of sight, sight, vision.

N 2. A look, a glance

vita, se. /
3. A thing seen, a sight, an appearance, a vision :
quia visum habe rent quendam insignem, because they had a certain specious
appearance (or outward seeming).
1. Life, existence.
•arm of life, a coarse of life, a career.
2. A way or manner of life.
4. Means of life,
3. A
 VIT 583
5. It is used as a term of endearment, as we say " my life." 6. A life,
i. e. a biography : tram's sine corpora vita;, unsubstantial shades without a
body, Virg. ; his vita magistris desuevit querna pellere glande famem, from
these teachers human life (i. e. mankind) learnt not any longer to subdue
hunger by acorns from the oak, Tib.
vitabilis, e. adj. That may be or ought to be avoided.
vitabundos, a, tun. adj. 1. Avoiding, shunning, endeavouring to avoid.
2. Seeking to avoid the enemy, seeking to avoid notice.
▼Italia, e. adj. 1. Of or belonging to life, vital. 2. (Rare) Long-
lived : multa vitalia ssecla, many generations of living men, Lucr.; vitales-
que vias et respiramina clausit, and it closed up all the passages of life and
closed her lungs, Ov.; +§m.pl. as subst., the vital parts.
vltatio. onis./'. An avoiding, avoidance, shunning.
vitellus, i. m. The yolk of an egg.
viteus, a, urn. adj. Of a vine : vitea pocula, cups of wine, Virg.
vitlcula, ae./ A little vine.
Jvitlfer, era, Snun. adj. Producing vines.
tsivitlgenus, a, am. adj. Produced from the vine (as wine).
vitio. as. t>. a. 1. To make faulty, to injure, to spoil, to mar, to taint, to
corrupt, to impair. 2. To violate, to violate the chastity of. 3. To
faliify, to vitiate, to annul : vjtiatus (as opp. to verus), false.
vltiose. adv. 1. In a faulty manner, badly, corruptly. 2. Defectively,
informally.
vltiosus, a, run. adj. 1. Faulty, defective, informal, not done or given
(as a vote), or elected (as a magistrate) with an observance of the proper
forms. 2. Bad, wicked, vicious, depraved.
vitis, is. /; 1. A vine. 2. A vinebranch. 3. A centurion's staff
(as made of a vinebranch). 4. +§The office of centurion.
vltisator, oris. m. [vitis sero.] A planter of the vine.
vitium, in. 1. A fault, a defect, an imperfection, a blemish : si vitium
fecerunt, if they have received damage (of a house), Cic. 2. A defect
or informality in the auguries or auspices. 3. A fault, an error. 4.
Vice, wickedness. 5. Violation of chastity : vitium castrorum, the un-
fevourable position of the camp, Cies.; milites item conflictati et tempes-
tatis et sentina; vitiis, the soldiers worn out at the same time by the dis
tress of the tempest and of the leak, Cass.; [she urged them] ne sibi vitio
verterent quod abesset a patria, not to blame her for leaving her country
(not to impute it to her as a fault), Cic.
vlto, as. v. a. To avoid, to shun, to seek to escape (c. ace. or infin., or, rare,
c. ne and subj., tc dat.).
vitrsuo, a, tun. adj. Of glass, made of glass: (as chessmen were made of
glass) fac pereat vitreo miles ab hoste tuus, let your man be taken by your ad
versary's piece (lit. by the enemy made of glass ), Ov. 2. Glassy, shining
like glass, bright, brilliant, transparent, beautiful (even of a woman, of
glory, etc.).
Titrlcus, i. ra. A stepfather.
vitrum, i. n. I. Glass. 2. Woad, a blue dye (used by the Britons).
vitta. a./. A fillet, a chaplet, a band of wool worn round the head, esp. by
priests or persons offering sacrifice, or bound round altars, or round the
branches borne by suppliants.
▼ittatus, a, tun. adj. Bound with a fillet.
vitula, a./. A cow calf, a heifer.
vltulinus, a, run. adj. Of a calf, of veal; n. as subst., veal.
vltSltu, i. m. 1. A calf, a bull calf, a young bullock. 2. The young
of other animals besides oxen, a foal, Virg. ; a young elephant or whale,
Plin. : vituli marini, sea calves (i. e. seals), Juv.
vltiiperabilis, e. adj. Blameable, blameworthy.
vituperatio, onis. A Blame, censure, reproof, vituperation.
vltfiplrator, oris. m. A blamer, a censurex, a reprover.
vltupero, as. v. a. To blame, to censure, to reprove, to vituperate : qui
S84 V1V— VOC
cesium vituperant (a proverb), people who find fault with heaven itself, i. e.
who are never satisfied,
vivarium, i. n. A preserve for live animals, even for fish: senes quos in
vivaria mittant, old men whom they may put in their preserves, i. e. whom
they may turn or bend to their own purposes by presents, Hor.
tSviv'atus, a, urn. adj. Lively, animated, vivid.
Vlvax, acts. adj. 1. Tanacious of life, longlived. 2. Lasting long, en
during, durable, everlasting, evergreen (of plants). 3. Lively, vivacious,
vigorous : vivacis antra Sibylla; intrat, he enters the cave of the aged Sibyl,
Ov. ; vivacia sulfura, the fiercely-burning sulphur, Ov. ,_ .
ttvlveseo, ig) no per/, p. n. To grow lively, to be vigorous,
vivldus, a, on. adj. 1. Full of life, lively, vigorous, energetic, spirited :
vivida tellus, the earth full of living creatures, Lucr. 2. §True • to life,
vivid (of a likeness, a statue, etc.).
vivlradix, Ida./ A cutting or layer with a root
vivo, ia, xi, ctum. v. n. 1. To live, to exist, to be alive, to have life, to
be. 2. To live happily, to enjoy life. 3. To dwell. 4. (c. abl.)
To live upon, i. e. eat, feed on : vivere rapto, to support oneself by plunder,
Virg. 5. To last, to endure : nam, ita vivam, putavi . . ., for, as 1 live,
I thought . . ., Cic; (very rare in pass.) nunc tenia vivitur sstas, now the
third generation is being lived through by me, Ov. ; (sometimes pass.
impers.) negat Epicurus jucunde posse vivi nisi cum virtute vivatur,
Epicurus affirms that one cannot live happily unless one lives virtuously,
Cic. j secum esse, secumque (ut dicitur) vivere, to be quiet by itaelf, and
to live, as the saying is, for itself alone, Cic.
vivus, a, no. adj. 1. Alive, living, having life (of things as well as per
sons) : Tatio vivo, during the lifetime of Tatius, Cic ; donee me fiumine
vivo abluero, till I have washed myself in the running water, Virg. ; vivo
sedilia saxo, seats cut in the solid rock (not detached from the main rock),
Virg. ; vivos ducent de marmore vultus, they will bring lifelike counte
nances out of the marble, Virg. ; vivo prolue rore manus, wash thy hands
in the fresh dew, Ov. ; vivas lucernae, lighted candles, Hor. ; vox viva
(opp to tabella, a writing), the voice of one speaking, Cic. ; vivus et videns,
(a sort of translation of Homer's (uhtos k<A M x9»^)< livinK S «• M nbd-<
the quick ; neque id ad vivum reseco, and I do not wish to cut down to
the quick, i. e. I do not wish to be understood too literally, Cic. ; de vivo
detraho, or reseco (c. ace), to diminish one's capital, Cic. ; de vivo erat
aliquid resecandum, something had to be taken from the principal, Cic.
vix. adr. 1. With difficulty, with great labour. 2. Hardly, scarcely,
barely. 3. Vixdum, scarcely yet : quum vixdum triginta dies in Syria
fuisses, when you had as yet been scarcely thirty days in Syria, Cic.
vocabulum, i. n. 1. An appellation, designation, name. 2. A word.
3. $A substantive (opp. to nomen, a proper name),
vocalia, e. adj. 1. Possessed of a voice, uttering a sound, speaking, sing
ing. 2. Singing sweetly, tuneful; —J', as smAs/., a vowel,
vocatio, onis.y: An imitation.
vocatns, us. m. A calling, a summoning, a Bummons : 0 nunquam fiustraU
vocatus hasta meos, 0 thou spear, which hast never failed me when 1 called
upon you, Virg.
voclferitio, onis. /. A loud calling, outcry, clamour, vociferation,
voclferor, axis. t>. dtp. 1. To cry out, to cry aloud, to vociferate, to bawl
out. 2. t§To sound loudly.
vfiolto, aa. v. a. 1. To call, to denominate, to name. 2. (Jas c. a.)
To call out, to holloa. _
toco, aa. v. a. 1. To call, to call upon, to summon, to invoke. 2. To
summon (in a court of justice), to cite : quae fecisti in judicium yoco, I
impeach every thing that you have done, Cic. 3. To invite (lit. and
metaph.). 4. To call, to denominate, to name. 5. (c. ill or, more
rare, c. ad and ace.) To bring into (such and such a condition) : nee in
lium ut invidiam quenquam vocabit, nor will he seek to bring any ona
 V0C—V0L 585
into odium or unpopularity, Cic. ; in partem mulierea vocalic sunt, the
women succeeded to a share (of the inheritance), Cic. ; hoc est ad calculoa
vocare amicitiam, this is to make friendship a matter of arithmetic, Cic.
vocala, se./ 1. A small feeble voice, a soft tone. 2. A trifling speech,
a little petty speech.
volaticus. a, urn. adj. Inconstant, fickle, unsteady.
volatllis, e. adj. That can fly, flying, winged. 2. §Feathered (of an
arrow). 3. Swift, rapid. 4. Fleeting, transitory.
volatus. us. m. 1. A flying, flight. 2. JAnv swift progress.
volemum, i. it. [vola, the palm of the hand.] A large kind of pear.
volens, entis. part. fr. volo, vis. q. v.; used also as adj. 1. Willing, eager,
doing (anything) willingly or eagerly. 2. Approving, favourable (esp.
of the sods) ; «. pi. us subsl., agreeable things, agreeable intelligence.
volito, as. v. a. 1. To fly to and fro, to fly or to flutter about, to hover
about (lit. andmetaph.). 2. To float in the air. 3. To move rapidly. 4.
To wander about at random (of the mind, etc): valebis apud hominem voli-
tantem gloria: ciipiditate, you will have great influence with a man who is
in a constant flutter with a desire for glory, Cic; nee volitabo in hoc inso-
lentius, nor will I press this topic with unusual vehemence, Cic; speremus
nostrum nomen volitare et vagari latissime, we may hope that our reputation
will be raised and spread abroad extensively, Cic.
volo. vis, volui. Telle, no sup. «. t'rr. n. and a. 1. (v. n.) To wish, (c. infin.
or subj., or (rare) c. nt and subj.) to desire, to intend. 2. (Esp.) To
wish well to, to feel interested for : etsi omnium causa quos commendo velle
debeo, although I ought to feel interested for every one whom I recom
mend, Cic; valde ejus causa volo, I am very anxious for his welfare, Cic.
3. To think good, to ordain, to decree : fuit rogatio talis: velitis jubeatii
quaeratur . . ., the form of motion was as follows, may it please you [the
people] to ordain and command that inquiry be made . . ., Liv. 4. (t>. a.,
c ace) To wish, to desire, to intend : (Ariovistus said) si quid ille se velit,
if he (Caesar) wanted anything with him (i. e. wanted to speak with him),
Cses. 5. To suppose, to be of opinion, to assert as one's opinion. 6.
To mean, to signify (of a word, an expression, etc) : quid ilia; sibi statute
volunt ? what is the object of those statues ? Cic.
volo, as. v. n. 1. To fly. 2. To move rapidly, to speed, to hasten: §vo-
lantes (as pLf.), birds.
volones, urn. pi. m. Volunteers (esp. the slaves who, after the battle of Can
ine, volunteered to serve in the army).
t+volsella, 89./ Pincers, tweezers.
volubilis, e. adj. 1. That turns round, that revolves, revolving. 2.
rolling, rolling onwards: ille volubilibus squamosus nexilibus orbes torquet,
he (a serpent) twists vast circles in coils, rolling onward as they curl, Ov.
aurumque volubile tollit, and she lifts up the rolling golden apple, Ov. 3.
Voluble, fluent. 4. Changeable, variable.
voluMHter. adv. Fluently, volubly.
volubllltas, atis. / 1. A rapid revolving or whirling motion. 2.
Roundness, round form. 3. Fluency, volubility. 4. Variableness,
changeableness.
volucer, oris, ere. adj. 1. Winged, able to fly, flying: setheriutn volucri
qui pede carpit iter, who takes his way through the air with winged foot
(Mercury), Ov. 2. Fleet, swift, rapid, running or moving rapidly.
3. Fleeting, transient, transitory, passing away swiftly.
vBlucris, is./ (once §ro.). A bird.
volumen, Inis. n. 1. Anything that is rolled up (esp. a roll of writing, a
book, a volume). 2. §A coil (of a serpent), a wreath (of smoke), a re
volution (of the stars) : volumina crurum, the bendings of the legs (of a
prancing horse), Virg.
voiuntarius, a, tun. adj. 1. Willing, doing (anything) voluntarily, of
one's own freewill. 2. Incurred voluntarily : voluntaria mors, suicide,
Cic; m. pi. as mint., volunteers.
536 VOL — VOR
voluntas, atis./ 1. Will, wish, choice, desire, inclination. 2. Inten
tion. 3. (Esp.) Goodwill, favour, affection. 4. (Rare) A will (of
a dying person ). 5. ^Meaning, signification : fatetur se non ad volun-
tatem loqui pone, he confesses that he cannot speak at the will of another;
aU. as adv., voluntarily, of one's own free will, of one's own accord.
t volupe. or apoc. volap. Volnpe est, it is agreeable, I am glad, Ter.
▼Slnptarins, a, tun. adj. 1. Pleasant, agreeable. 2. Capable of re
ceiving pleasure. 3. Devoted to pleasure : voluptariss disputations, dis
cussions about pleasure, Cic.
volap t is. atis. f. 1. Pleasure, enjoyment, satisfaction, delight. 2.
§(As a term of endearment) My delight. 3. (Inn/.) Shows, spectacles
exhibited to the people.
Sivolutabnim, La. A wallowing place for swine.
volutabundus, a, tun. adj. Wallowing.
vdlfitatio, onis./ A wallowing.
volutatos, a, um. part. past. fr. voluto, q. v.; also esp. 1. Wallowing in
debauchery. 2. (c. in and abl. ) Well versed in.
vdluto, as. r. a. 1. To roll over, to turn over. 2. To roll on, to pour
forth (words, noises, etc) : Tocemque per ampla volntant atria, they make
their voices resound through the spacious halls, Virg. 3. To turn over in
the mind (i. e. consider, reflect upon, ponder). 4. (Rare) To discuss.
5. (past. c. ad and ace) To fall down before (a person's feet, etc., as a
suppliant) : genibusque volntans herebat, and falling before him he dang
to his knees, Virg. 6. (pass, c in and abl.) To wallow in (lit metaph.).
volutos. a, tun. pari. pass. fr. volvo, q. v.
volva. ae.y. 1. The womb. 2. Esp. the womb or paunch of a sow (a
favourite dish with the Romans).
volvo, is, vi. volutum. v. a, 1. To roll, to roll over, to turn about, to turn
round, to cause to revolve : sic Fata Denm Rex sortitnr volvitque vices,
thus does the King of the Gods allot the Fates, and bring on the re
volving events, Virg.; sic volvere Parcas, that thus the Fates ordain, Virg.;
[tell me why] Regina Deum tot volvere casus insignem pietate virum ....
impnlerit, the Queen of the Gods forced a man eminent for his piety to
undergo such revolutions of fortune, Virg.; volventes orbem, forming in a
circle (of soldiers), Liv.; volvendi sunt libri, the books must be rolled
round (i. e. unrolled, i. e. opened), Cic. 2. To roll down, throw down
(enemies in battle, etc.), to make to fall : volvitur in caput, he is thrown
headlong, Virg. 3. To roll onward, to cause to advance: celeremque
pronos volvere menses, swift to roll on the advancing months, Hon ;
propius sntus incendia volvunt, the conflagration brings the heat nearer,
Virg. 4. To roll out (words), i. e. to utter (rare). 5. To turn
over or revolve in the mind, to ponder, to meditate on, to consider: [be
knew] ingentes jam diu iras eum in pectore volvere, that he had long
been cherishing deep anger in his mind, Liv. 6. (pass.) To roll on, to
revolve, to roll onwards: ille volvitur inter vestes et pectore, he coils him
self between her garments and her bosom, Virg. 7. To be hurled
down, to fall; volvendis mensibus, in revolving months, Virg.; so vol-
ventibus annis, in revolving years, Virg.
vomer and vomia. eris. m. A ploughshare.
vomica, se. f. A boil, an abscess, a sore, an ulcer (lit. and metaph.), i. e. an
evil.
vomltio, 5nis./ A vomiting.
vomo, ia, ui. Hum. v. a. 1. To vomit (often with ret to the custom
among epicures of taking an emetic to enable them to renew their feast).
2. (Metaph.) To vomit forth, pour forth (water, smoke, etc.) : purpuream
vomit ille animam, he pours forth his life in a stream of Mood, Virg.
vSracitas, atis. f. Voracity, greediness,
vdraginosus, a, um. adj. Full of pits, of holes,
■ago, inis. /'. 1. A gulf, a whirlpool. 2. An abyss, a deep hole or
:t (either on land or in the sea) ; (metaph) a devourer, a caoee of destruc
 VOR-VUL 587
tion: qui immensa aliqua vorago est vitiorum, who is a kind of bottomless
pit of vice, Cic; alti voraginc ventris attenuerat opes, by the voracity of
bis insatiable belly he had diminished his property, Or.
vorax, acis. adj. Voracious, consuming, devouring.
voro, as. e. a. 1. To swallow whole, to swallow up, to eat greedily, to
devour. 2. To swallow up (as a whirlpool, etc.), to devour (i. e. study
eagerly, books, etc.). 3. To devour (as lire, etc), to consume, to de
stroy : viara vorabit, he will devour the way, i. e. make great haste (so
Sbakspeare, " in running to devour the way "), Cat.
vortex. —See vertex.
▼01. pi. fr. tu, q. v.
votivus, a, urn. adj. Of or connected with a vow, promised by a vow, per
formed, given, or sacrificed in consequence of a vow, votive : votiva legatio,
the office of legatus, undertaken in order to fulfil a vow, in a province, Cic;
vntivie noctes, nights vowed to Chastity, Prop.
votum, i. n. 1. A vow made to a Deity : voti reus, a person condemned
to the performance of his vow by having had his wishes granted to him,
Virg.; damnabis tu quoque votis, yon also shall become a Deity (lit. you
shall have vows offered to you, and shall condemn your suppliants to the
performance of them by granting their wishes), Virg. 2. An offering
made in discharge of a vow. 3. A wish, an earnest desire: an venit in
votum Attalicis ex urbibus nna? or do you wish for one of the cities of
Attalus? Hor.
vovco, ea, vovi, votum. v. a. 1. To vow to a God, to promise an offering
'if a wish is granted. 2. To devote, to dedicate, to consecrate. 3. To
promise solemnly. 4. To wish for, to desire earnestly.
vox, vocis. f. 1. A voice. 2. A word spoken, a cry uttered, a sound,
atone (of a musical instrument, etc.). 3. An expression, a saying, a
proverb, a maxim : sidera excantata voce Thessala, stars moved from their
place by Thessalinn (i. e. magical) incantations, Hor. 4. The gift of
speech. 5. A language.
Vulcanius, a, tun. adj. Of Vulcan, sacred to Vulcan : acies Vulcania, the
tire, the conflagration, Virg.
Vulcanus, i. m. 1. Vulcan the god of fire. 2. §Fire.
vulgaris, e. adj. Belonging to the common people, common, general, usual,
ordinary, commonplace : vulgaris liberalitas, a liberality that is extended
to every one, Cic
vulgarlter. adv. In a common style.
vulgator, oris. m. One who divulges secrets.
vulgatus, a, urn, part. past. fr. vulgo, q. v., also as adj., c. compar. etc
Commonly known, notorious.
"I • vulgivagus, a, um. adj. Roving, roaming.
vulgo. wlr. 1. Before the world, publicly, openly. 2. Commonly,
generally, usually.
vulgo, as. x. a. 1. To make common, to render general. 2. To make
generally known, to publish, to reveal (secrets), to divulge : P. Va
ginitis rem non vulgabat, P. Virginius did not propose to make many share
in the business, Liv. ; [They said] vulgari cum privatis, that he was
putting himself on a level with private individuals, Liv. ; ut ferarum prope
ritu vulgentur conenbitus plebis patrumque, that the conneciions between
the common people and the patricians should become promiscuous almost
like those of beasts, Liv.
vulgua, i. n. 1. The common people, the populace, the multitude, the
mob, the people, the public 2. A crowd, a throng, a number (of per-
soi s fir of animals).
vulneratio, onis. f. A wounding.
vulnero, as. o. a. 1. To wound. 2. (Metaph.) To attack, to injure,
to grieve, to vex, to pain.
S vulnificus, a, um. adj. Making wounds, wounding, piercing.
vulnus, 8ris. n. 1. A wound (lit. and metaph., often esp. a wound inflicted
5S8 VUL-ZON
liy love), a blow given, a cat made (by an axe in a tree, by a plough ia
the ground, etc). 2. An injury. 3. A sorrow, a grief.
vulpes, it./., and dim. vulpecula, ae. f. A fox : animi sub vulpe latentea,
the real disposition concealed beneath a fox's skin, II or.
vulsus, a, tun. part. pass. fr. vello, q. v. (Esp.) With the hair plucked out,
hairless, beardless, effeminate.
vultuosus. a, urn. adj. Making grimaces, (metaph.) affected.
vultur. uris. m. 1. A vulture. 2. 4 A greedy person.
vulturius, i. m. 1. A vulture. 2. An extortioner, a grasping person.
vultus, us. m. 1. An expression of countenance, a look. 2. The
countenance, the face, the features. 3. The general look, the aspect (lit.
and metaph.). 4. (Sometimes, esp.) An angry countenance, a threaten
ing look.
vulva, ae. —See volva.

X.
JXerampellnae, arum. pi./. Dark red garments.
xlphias, ae. m. [fjcfms.] A swonliisli.
xystus, i. m. [{uo-ros.] An open colonnade, or a walk planted with trees.

z.
Zanclaeus, a, am. adj. 1. Of Zancle, a town in Sicily. 2. Sicilian.
Jzelotypus, a, um. adj. [fijAus.] Jealous.
Zephyrua, i m. [Ztdwpos.] 1. The west wind, the Zephyr. 2. §Tbe
wind,
zona, ae./, §dim. zonula, ae./ [(drv-] 1. A belt, a girdle, a rone (esp.
that worn by maidens, used as a puree by men). 2. One of the imaginary
circles which divided the earth into four climates, a zone. 3. §The belt
of Orion,
xoaariui, i.m. A maker of girdles.

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