All India Services

The All India Services comprises Civil Services of In- 1.1 Nature of Work
dia, namely the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the
Indian Forest Service (IFoS) and the Indian Police Ser- Responsibilities vary with the seniority of the civil ser-
vice (IPS).[1] A common unique feature of the All In- vant. Junior officers begin with probation and move up in
dia Services is that the members of these services are the hierarchy. At the district level the responsibilities are
recruited by the Center(Union government in federal concerned with district matters as well as all developmen-
polity), but their services are placed under various State tal affairs while at the divisional level the responsibilities
cadres, and they have the liability to serve both under the focus on law and order also. Policy framing is carried on
State and under the Centre.[1] Due to the federal polity of at the State and Central levels.
the country, this is considered one of the tools that makes
union government stronger than state governments. Offi-
cers of these three services comply to the All India Ser-
vices Rules relating to pay, conduct, leave, various al- 2 Allocation, division and cadres
lowances etc.[2]
The officers of All India Services are organized into
The Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pen-
cadres, derived from the states they are allotted to work
sions is the cadre controlling authority for the IAS, for
in for as long as they continue to be a member of the
IPS, the Ministry Of Home Affairs while the Ministry of
respective Service. Twenty-four states have their own
Environment, Forests and Climate Change is the cadre
cadre, but there are also three joint cadres: Assam-
controlling authority for IFoS.
Meghalaya, Manipur-Tripura, and Arunachal Pradesh-
Examination for recruitment of IAS and IPS is conducted Goa-Mizoram-Union Territories (AGMUT).
by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) on the
There are State Cadres and the Officers of All India Ser-
basis of the annual Civil Services Examination, a com-
vices (AIS) - Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian
petitive civil service examination, and for IFoS on the
Police Service (IPS), Indian Forest Service (IFoS) - are
basis of the IFoS Examination. Since 2012 onwards, the
divided into State cadres. When on probation the All In-
preliminary (first tier) of the two examinations are com-
dia Service (AIS) Officers are allocated to their States.
bined. These officers are recruited and trained by the
Officers of AIS working with the Union Government are
Central Government, and then allotted to different State
posted on deputation for some years. The AIS officers in
cadres.
a State cadre may be original residents of that State but
almost 2/3 of all officers are from outside the state. The
AIS officer cannot demand his home State cadre but may
put in request for being considered for the home cadre.
Once allotted to a State cadre, an officer generally con-
tinues with that State cadre during his/her whole service
. All India Services are controlled by the Union Gov-
1 Power, purpose and responsibili- ernment of India. Selected candidates are appointed to
ties different state cadres and as and when required they also
move to Union Government jobs on deputation.

The All India Services Act, 1951 empowers the gov-

ernment of India to make, after consultation with state 2.1 Indian Administrative Service (IAS)
governments, rules for the regulation of recruitment and
conditions of service of the persons appointed to an IAS Officers are trained to handle Government affairs.
All India Service.All India Service is governed by All This being the main responsibility, every civil servant is
India Service(Conduct) Rules,1968 which specifies the assigned to a particular office which deals with policy
code of conduct for Civil Servant in general. The All matters pertaining to that area. The policy matters are
India Service(Conduct) Rules,1968 were amended lat- framed, modified, interpreted in this office under the di-
est by Govt.of India by notification published in official rect supervision of the Administrative Officer in consulta-
Gazette of India on 10 April 2015. http://egazette.nic.in/ tion with the Minister. The implementation of policies is
WriteReadData/2015/163600.pdf also done on the advice of the Officer. The Cabinet Sec-

1
2 2 ALLOCATION, DIVISION AND CADRES

retary stands at the top of the government machinery in- At the divisional level, the Divisional Commissioner is in
volved in policy making followed by Secretary/Additional charge of his division. His role is to oversee law and or-
Secretary, Joint Secretary, Director, Under Secretary and der and general administration and developmental work.
Junior Scale Officers in that order. These appointments Appeals against the Divisional Commissioner are heard
are filled by civil servants according to seniority in the by the Chairman of the Board of Revenue.
Civil Services. In the process of decision making, a num-
ber of officers give their views to the Minister who weighs
the matter and makes a decision considering the issue in-
volved.
2.2 Indian Forest Service (IFS)
The implementation process involves supervision and Main article: Indian Forest Service
touring. The allocation of enormous funds to and by the
field officers calls for supervision and the officials con-
cerned have to reply to queries made in the Parliament India was one of the first countries in the world to intro-
for which they must remain well informed. duce scientific forest management. In 1864, the British
Raj established the Imperial Forest Department. In 1866
The Civil servant has also to represent the Government in Dr. Dietrich Brandis, a German forest officer, was
another country or in International forums. At the level appointed Inspector General of Forests. The Imperial
of Deputy Secretary, he is even authorized to sign agree- Forestry Service was organized in 1867.
ments on behalf of the Government.
Officers appointed from 1867 to 1885 were trained in
A civil servant begins his career in the state with 2 years in Germany and France, and from 1885 to 1905 at Cooper’s
probation. This period is spent at training schools, Sec- Hill, London, which was a noted professional college of
retariat, field offices or in a District Magistrate's office. forestry. From 1905 to 1926, the University of Oxford,
He is given the position of Sub-Magistrate and has to University of Cambridge, and University of Edinburgh
look after the law, order and general administration in- undertook the task of training Imperial Forestry Service
cluding developmental work in the area under his charge. officers.
After the probation and 2 years of services as a junior
scale officer, the officer is put in the senior scale. Then From 1927 to 1932, forest officers were trained at the Im-
he may function as District Magistrate, Managing Direc- perial Forest Research Institute (FRI) at Dehradun, which
tor of a Public Enterprise or Director of a Department. had been established in 1906. The Indian Forest College
Senior Scale comprises the Senior Time Scale (Joint Sec- (IFC) was established in the 1938 at Dehradun, and offi-
retary), Junior Administrative Grade (Additional Secre- cers recruited to the Superior Forest Service by the states
tary) and the Selection Grade (Special Secretary). Selec- and provinces were trained there. Forestry, which was
tion Grade is given on promotion after 13 years of regular managed by the federal government until then, was trans-
service. The next promotion within the State is that of a ferred to the “provincial list” by the Government of India
Commissioner-cum-Secretary after 16 years. This pro- Act 1935, and recruitment to the Imperial Forestry Ser-
motion also entitles them to the Super Time Scale. Then vice was subsequently discontinued.
after 24 years of regular service an IAS officer may be The modern Indian Forest Service was established in
promoted to Above super time scale who is designated as 1966, after independence, under the All India Services
Principal Secretaries/Financial Commissioners in some Act 1951, for protection, conservation, and regeneration
states of forest resources.
Each State has many Secretaries/Principal Secretaries India has an area of 635,400 km designated as forests,
and only one Chief Secretary. Some appointments of about 19.32 percent of the country. Forest is included in
Secretaries are considered more prestigious than others, the Concurrent List.
e.g., the Finance Secretary, Development Commission-
Ranks of the Indian Forest Service are as follows:
ers, Home Secretary and hence they enjoy the salary of
Assistant Conservator of Forests - Probationary Officer,
a Principal Secretary. the Chief Secretary in the State
Divisional Forest Officer (DFOs), Deputy Conservator of
is the top ranking civil servant and may be assisted by
Forests, Conservator of Forests (CFs), Chief Conservator
Additional Chief Secretaries. In some cadres/States e.g.
of Forests (CCFs) Additional Principal Chief Conserva-
New Delhi, Financial Commissioner and other high rank-
tor of Forests (Addl.PCCFs), Principal Chief Conserva-
ing secretaries such as Additional Chief Secretaries enjoy
tor of Forests (PCCF) & Principal Chief Conservator of
the pay of the Chief Secretary .
Forests (HoFF) - highest post in a State, Director General
In the District, the most senior person is the Collector of Forests (India) - highest post at Centre, selected from
or Deputy Commissioner or District Magistrate. The amongst the senior-most PCCFs of states.
DM/Collector/DC handle the affairs of the District in-
The IFoS officers also work in various national organi-
cluding development functions. He necessarily tours all
zations related to management of forests, wildlife and
rural sectors inspecting specific projects, disputed sites
environment such as Forest Survey of India, Wildlife
and looks into the problems of people on the spot also.
Institute of India, Indian Council of Forestry Research
 3

and Education (ICFRE), Indira Gandhi National For- capacities such as First Secretary, Consul, Consul Gen-
est Academy (IGNFA), Directorate of Forest Education, eral, Deputy High Commissioner, Minister, High Com-
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB), etc. besides missioner and an Ambassador.
getting entrusted with senior positions in the Central Sec- The Director General of Police and Commissioner
retariat, State Secretariats and various assignments under of Police is the head of the entire police force of
the Central Staffing Scheme. the State or Metropolitan City (e.g. Kolkata, Delhi,
Mumbai, Chennai etc.) and below him is the Additional
DGP/Special Police Commissioner. The Inspector Gen-
2.3 Indian Police Service (IPS) eral or Joint Commissioner of Police is at the head of
certain specialised police force like Criminal Investiga-
Main article: Indian Police Service tion Department, Special Branch, etc.

The Indian Police Service more popularly known as the

'IPS', is responsible for internal security, public safety 3 Reforms and changes
and law and order. In 1948, a year after India gained
independence from Britain, the Imperial Police (IP) was In January 2012, the Government amended AIS Rule 16
replaced by the Indian Police Service. The IPS is not a (3) which permits the Central Government in consultation
law enforcement agency in its own right; rather it is the with the State Government to retire in the public interest,
body to which all senior police officers belong regardless incompetent and non-performing Officers after a review
of the agency for whom they work. on their completion of 15 years or 25 years of qualifying
[3][4][5][6]
An IPS officer is subjected to and faces several life- service or attaining the age of 50.
threatening and harsh conditions which no other service On recommendation by Ministry of Personnel, Public
in the country faces, they are entrusted with the overall Grievances and Pensions, from year 2014 state civil ser-
law and order of the entire State as the Director Gen- vants are required to clear 1000 marks four-stage pro-
eral of Police and entire Districts as it’s Superintendent cess including a written exam and interview conducted by
of Police, and in Metropolitan Cities as Deputy Commis- Union Public Service Commission to get promoted to the
sioner or the entire City as the Commissioner of Police. three all India services which was previously based solely
As Commissioner of Police they enjoy magisterial pow- on basis of seniority and annual confidential reports.[7][8]
ers.
The IPS is the only service in the country apart from the
IFS (Indian Foreign Service) which if not equals comes 4 Equivalent ranks
within striking distance of the IAS in terms of Power,
Authority and speed in promotions be it in the state or in
the Government of India. 5 See also
The IPS officer takes charge as an Assistant Superinten- • Civil Services of India
dent of Police of a Sub-division after probation of 2 years.
The tenure of this post is normally 2 years. The next ap- • Indian Foreign Service
pointment is as Superintendent of Police or Deputy Com-
missioner of Police and then as Deputy Inspector Gen- [1] “All India Services”. Know India Official website of Gov-
eral of Police or Additional Commissioner of Police in ernment.
14 years, an Inspector General of Police in 18 years, Ad-
[2] “AlS rules”.
ditional Director General of Police in 25 years and finally,
the Director General of Police after 30 years in service. [3] “Retire non-performing bureaucrats: Centre to states”. 1
July 2012.
IPS officers also work in the national government agen-
cies such as Intelligence Bureau, Research and Analy- [4] “Lazy and incompetent babus to retire early”. New Delhi:
sis Wing, Central Bureau of Investigation, etc. IPS of- India Today. 30 November 2011. Retrieved 8 March
ficers also get highly placed in seceral PSUs such as 2012.
GAIL,SAIL, Indian Oil Corporation Limited etc. at the [5] “Corruption taint may lead to compulsory retirement for
State Secretariat the Central Secretariat under the Cen- babus”. New Delhi: India Today. 21 April 2012. Re-
tral Staffing Scheme and in CAPFs such as Director Gen- trieved 21 April 2012.
eral of Border Security Force, the Central Reserve Police
Force and the Central Industrial Security Force, etc. An [6] “Proposal to retire incompetent officers after 15-year ser-
IPS officer has vast opportunities to work in several In- vice”. New Delhi: Rediff News. 30 November 2011. Re-
trieved 3 February 2012.
ternational Organisations such as Interpol, International
Cricket Council, the United Nations, Consulates (Foreign [7] “Exams for state civil services officers for promotion to
Missions) and Embassies all over the World in various IAS”. 4 April 2014.
4 6 EXTERNAL LINKS

[8] “State civil services officers for promotion to IAS”. 4 April

2014.

http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2015/163600.pdf

6 External links
• All India Services official website
• Union Public Service Commission official website

• Indian Administrative Service official website

• Indian Police Service official website

• Indian Forest Service official website

• List of IAS Officers
 5

7 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

7.1 Text
• All India Services Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_India_Services?oldid=687421973 Contributors: Topbanana, Ragib, Neutral-
ity, LindsayH, Iitmsriram, SlaveToTheWage, LRBurdak, Velella, Kushaaal, Tabletop, AlbertCahalan~enwiki, Thekohser, Jlittlet, Welsh,
Riyazusman, SmackBot, ProveIt, Chris the speller, Ikiroid, Brijesh cp singh, Placementpapers, Shyamsunder, Ckatz, Hu12, Hxnagara,
Bharatveer, Ninetyone, ShelfSkewed, Ramanvirk, Mereda, Dawnseeker2000, Robzz, IndianGeneralist, Alphachimpbot, Ekabhishek, Glen,
R'n'B, J.delanoy, Abecedare, Philip Trueman, Vipinhari, Vdhillon, EoGuy, JK-RULZ, Jonverve, Durgesh Thakur, Addbot, Ben Vodden,
Ben Ben, आशीष भटनागर, Yobot, Flewis, Materialscientist, LilHelpa, Hypervik, Yadrah, FrescoBot, Elockid, Ezhuttukari, Anupal Basu,
Indianpolice, John of Reading, Sanketholey, Miss Manzana, Saketmuir, Fæ, Amityadav567, AndyTheGrump, 28bot, Boffee03, ClueBot
NG, Laxmijagannadh, Suresh 5, Dhelloo, Gudipudi04051987, Titodutta, Nirmal95, BG19bot, Singh.markiv, Mark Arsten, Adventur-
ousSquirrel, Sanalvashisht1985, 220 of Borg, Varghesejacob, ChrisGualtieri, Amblissforthy, BrightStarSky, Clarificationgiven, Caartey,
FenixFeather, Tentinator, Uncletomwood, Arun.arunsri, Nbrsarkar98, SJ Defender, Mahaveermawaliyahhweb, Anup patra, Nehapant19,
Nyashinski, Krarjunakr, Melcous, Ved548, ArpitPawar07007, AdvantageIndia, Yashifs, Warriorinside10j92, Govservant, Satyam1618,
Harshul sharma91, AbhijeetRBonde and Anonymous: 173

7.2 Images
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