Cementing Squeeze Program Example PDF
Cementing Squeeze Program Example PDF
Cementing Squeeze Program Example PDF
Rig: Nabors-503
Disclaimer Notice:
This information is presented in good faith but the results given are estimates based on various assumptions relating to the well, reservoir, and desired services.
All recommendations given are opinions only and rely on facts or information provided by the Operator or others, limitations of computer modeling, estimates as to unknown data, or on inferences, measurements,
and assumptions that are not infallible.
NO WARRANTY IS GIVEN OR IMPLIED AS TO THE RESULTS PRESENTED, ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF INFORMATION, EFFECTIVENESS OF PRODUCTS, MATERIALS OR SUPPLIES,
RECOMMENDATIONS MADE, OR RESULTS OF SERVICES RENDERED.
Miri Cementing Services
Document Control
Document Name and Version: Well Engkabang West 1, 7" Liner, Rev Rev. 3
Once approved by Schlumberger and the Operator, any deviation from this program requires
documented agreement (SLB QHSE Standard S010 Management of Change and Exemption Standard).
Approvals
Revision History
Date Version Description Author
Table of Contents
Document Control ............................................................................................................................................................... 2
Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................................................ 3
References .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Design Discussion ............................................................................................................................................................... 5
Well Data Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 6
Centralization .................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Fluid Sequence ................................................................................................................................................................. 21
Pumping Schedule ............................................................................................................................................................ 22
Job Preparation ................................................................................................................................................................. 23
Job Procedure ................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Contingency Plans ............................................................................................................................................................ 30
Software Simulations......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Laboratory Reports............................................................................................................................................................ 39
References
Date
Originator Ref.
Received
Well Trajectory 5-Feb-14 James Daniel EW-1 ST1 Survey Report_3767m_05Feb2014.xlsx
Open Hole Size 31-Jan-14 James Daniel Caliper_2810-3738m.las
Nippon_EW-1-FMI-
7-Feb-14 Nguyen Bao Toan
calipers_LAS_3755m_to_2800m_5Feb2014.las
Formation Data 30-Jan-14 JX NOEX Daily drilling report dated 30-Jan-14
Mud Properties 12-Feb-14 Thony Maratin Saba 229_EW1_DMR_11022014.xlsx
Temperature
18-Nov-13 Mike Nguyen Copy of EW-1 Temp Log.xlsx
Data
Casing ID 12-Feb-14 Nguyen Bao Toan Email dated 12-Feb-14
Liner hanger 12-Nov-13 Nguyen Bao Toan Nippon HPHT Well - 7 x 9.875 Rev 01.pdf
12-Feb-14 Nguyen Bao Toan Engkabang W1 7 in Casing Tally Draft1 09-Feb.-14.xls
Centralizers 12-Nov-13 Nguyen Bao Toan CW7A 07000812.pdf
12-Feb-14 Nguyen Bao Toan Email dated 12-Feb-14
Design Discussion
OBJECTIVE
Support the casing/formation from TD (3766.0 m) until expected minimum contaminated cement top at 3300.0 m.
Provide casing support and shoe integrity for drilling ahead.
ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
TOC at minimum desired depth, verified by no losses during the cement job and/or achieve minimum pressure
differential at the end of the job as expected. Refer to Pressure simulation chart.
Drill hard cement through shoe track and achieve desired FIT/LOT.
No SQ/HSE incident during pumping operation.
CENTRALIZERS
Schlumberger recommends a minimum 75% standoff to a point 500ft above the top of HC (or above the shoe, if no HC
zone exists).
As per provided informations, centralizers avaliable for the job are :
1. Slip On Centek Centralizer (8.25” nominal OD) : 146ea available
Efforts were made to optimize and achieve best centralization with the provided resources above.
Centralization program proposed for this string is expected to give a standoff of 24.7% to 78% across the centralized
section with the agreed hole size basis (10% excess over caliper data)
A total of 145ea centralizers were utilized on the design
All centralizers were reported to be floating, as the hole are mostly over gauged
Based on the WELLCLEAN* simulation, mud contamination is expected from top of liner to 3250m-MD
Simulated velocity profile with 6bpm circulation rate at 2866m-MD (worst stand off point) can be seen below.
Simulation was done with and without 20rpm rotation, as can be seen without casing rotation it was simulated that the
mud left at narrow side will be static and may increase contamination risk.
no casing rotation
20 rpm rotation
TEMPERATURE SIMULATION
For BHST source, refer to the “reference” section.
BHCT of 260degF is derived with CemCADE temperature simulation by using fluid placement sequence.
Mud circulation @ 6.0 bbl/min for 180.0 min is considered to derive BHCT.
SPACER
MUDPUSH II spacer is used to improve mud removal efficiency and to minimize the contamination between mud and
cement slurry. It will also maintain the hydrostatic balance against the formation fluids.
Schlumberger recommends pumping a spacer volume to cover minimum 150 meters length in the annulus or 60 bbls
volume, whichever is larger.
It is recommended to pump spacer behind as per job schedule, to minimize a chance of any direct contact between
cement-WBM while pulling out with setting tool.
DISPLACEMENT
Displacement will be done with 18.10 lb/gal WBM .
Displacement rate is designed as per the pumping schedule.
Calibrate the cement unit displacement tank and computer by pumping 10 bbls of water from one tank to the other and
verifying accuracy against the electronic counter.
Displacement will be done by SLB pump.
Formation Data
MD TVD Frac. Pore Name Res. Fluid
(m) (m) (lb/gal) (lb/gal)
2100.0 1993.2 17.70 14.70
2220.0 2096.4 19.90 16.30
2280.0 2148.7 19.90 16.40 Gas
2300.0 2166.4 19.90 16.40 Gas
2400.0 2256.5 19.90 16.40 Gas
2430.0 2284.3 19.90 16.70 Gas
2597.0 2442.5 19.90 17.00 Gas
2822.0 2658.6 20.10 17.40 Gas
2923.0 2755.3 20.10 17.50 Gas
3370.0 3182.5 20.10 17.60 Gas
4230.0 4012.5 20.10 17.60 Gas
Reference depth for pressure conversion to equivalent density or pressure gradient is RIG_FLOOR
Temperature Data
Geothermal Temperature Profile
MD TVD Temperature Rel. Gradient
(m) (m) (degC) (degF/100ft)
0.0 0.0 32 0.0
2624.0 2468.5 119 1.9
4230.0 4012.5 176 2.0
Centralization
Assumptions
Casing Top at 2696.0 m Travelling Block Weight 57.0 ton
7 in casing to 2822.5 m Friction Factor 0.25
Casing Shoe at 3766.0 m Total Drag Force 5.5 ton
10% annular excess over caliper hole size data or
Hook load (Down/Up) 167.9 ton / 179.0 ton
9.039 in equivalent hole
Standoff Results:
Fluid Sequence
Original fluid
Type Density Rheology
WBM 18.10 lb/gal PV: 30.552 cP; YP: 25.76 lbf/100ft2
Pumping Schedule
Fluid Name Volume Rate Time Cum Vol Comments
(bbl) (bbl/min) (min) (bbl)
MUDPUSH II 80.0 6.0 13.3 80.0
DensCRETE* 175.0 6.0 29.2 175.0
Pause 0.0 0.0 10.0 0.0
MUDPUSH II 10.0 6.0 1.7 10.0
WBM 100.0 6.0 16.7 100.0
MUDPUSH II 50.0 5.0 10.0 50.0
WBM 90.0 3.0 30.0 90.0
WBM 72.1 2.0 36.1 162.1
Shut-In 0.0 0.0 1440.0 0.0 Static period after Placement
Job Preparation
Total Material Requirements (175bbls slurry)
Batch Mixing
Ensure that the mixer and hoses are cleaned prior to the cement job. No signs of any mud, or hydrocarbon fluids that may
contaminate
2 units of batch mixers with 4 compartments will be utilized :
o BS956 : Twin 2X80bbls BMX
o BS955 : Twin 2X50bbls BMX
Considering dead volume and line loss of 5bbls/compartment, 195bbls slurry will be batch mixed.
Ensure that the total slurry volume is split evenly into the compartments of the batch mixer during mixing. This is
improtant to ensure that all slurry prepared share the same mixing energy. Mixing will be done in 4 separate compartments.
Mix fluid will be prepared in BS956. After homogeneous mixtures have been reached and properties checked, fluids will be
distributed to both BS956 and BS955 for blend product addition.
Fresh water preparation
o Total fresh water requirement for 195bbls 18.80ppgDensCRETE* = 48.8bbls
o Fill up the compartments with water till desired amounts
BS956
1st compartment : 24.4 bbls of fresh water
2nd compartment : 24.4 bbls of fresh water
Chemicals addition and slurry mix
o Add the chemicals one by one as per the mixing order in the lab report.
Amount for one compartment of BS956 ( to make a total of 49bbls mix fluid)
D206 : 27 gals
D700 : 691 gals
D153 : 159 lbs
Circulate at high rate for 30mins to properly prehydrate
D701 : 32 gals
D080A : 5.3 gals
D150 : 71.7 gals
D157 : 7972 lbs
o Mix thoroughly with agitator and circulating pumps.
o Take mix fluid sample, label and store properly.
Mix fluid volume should be 49bbls/compartment.
Total mix fluid volume should be 98 bbls
o Transfer the mix fluid as follows:
BS956
1st compartment : 30 bbls of mix fluid
2 compartment
nd : 30 bbls of mix fluid
BS955
1st compartment : 19 bbls of mix fluid
2nd compartment : 19 bbls of mix fluid
o Start adding blend in slowly and build density gradually. Check density of the slurry intermittently using a
Presurrized Mud Balance and slowly build up to desired density.
o As the density gets 0.4ppg closer to the final density (18.80ppg), add the blend slowly. Remember NOT to over
add DensCRETE* blend.
o Mix well to homogenize the slurry properly and reduce the viscosity.
o Maximum operational batch mix time is 3:00hrs as simulated on the lab.
1) PPE: All requirements for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) are listed on the Material Data Sheets (MSDS) and
must be adhered to at all times.
2) Cleanliness: Check for cleanliness of tanks, Pits, batch mixer and mixing equipment – to be verified by client rep. If
any doubts clean again.
3) Mud pits and other rig tanks: When using rig tanks to prepare spacer and mix water for the cement job, ensure that
there is no communication or leak path between the tanks; that is a common cause of contamination of spacer and mix
water fluids.
4) Equipments: Make sure equipment is working properly;
a. Check the NRD (densitometer) for proper reading. Check calibration with water.
a. Check the Pressurized Mud Balance is clean, in working condition and properly calibrated (check with water
and a high density fluid of known density).
b. Displacement tanks have been flushed with drill water; clean and empty to accommodate mix fluid;
c. The cement unit has been checked and function tested;
d. Barrel Counter of the cement unit is working and is calibrated;
e. The Data Acquisition System is tested and working properly;
5) Fluid Compressibility: Check the mud compressibility; get help from mud engineer.
6) Chloride Content: Check for Fresh Water Chloride content should be below 1000ppm; test to be performed from the
pit/tank used for preparation of MUDPUSH II* and mix fluid.
7) LOT Numbers: Identify LOT Numbers of Additives to be used; they must be in agreement with the Lab Report.
8) Additive Quantities: Isolate the proper amount of Additives to be used on the job to avoid job delay.
9) Bulk Materials: Make sure to clearly mark the silos that are going to be used. Establish clear communication with the
barge captain for bulk delivery. Purge the bulk line before the job to check any possible blockage in the line.
10) Mixing Order: Additives must be mixed as per the Lab Test Report
11) Sampling: Minimum Sample Requirements:
a. 11 kg (25 lb) per blend with a minimum of 5 lb (2.3 kg) from each silo/transport silo
b. 4-L of Field Water
c. 4-L of Mix Fluid
d. Appropriate additives QTY to perform lab testing on total cement/blend sample
12) Slurry Samples: Slurry sample should be taken regularly through the job to check for density and should be
independently checked with a properly calibrated pressurized mud balance.
Review calculations, JRI (Job Risk Index), HARC, Job procedure, equipments and additives status with the Engineer-in-Charge
prior to the job.
MUDPUSH II Spacer
Before MUDPUSH II spacer preparation (ideally, 1 day before) check that the tank is empty, clean and has been circulated with
fresh water. If any doubt, liaise with Co-Man and Mud Engineer to get it properly cleaned.
Review calculations to determine the amount of additives required for the spacer preparation (MUST INCLUDE THE DEAD
VOLUME OF THE PIT; REPORT THE TOTAL MIXED QUANTITY IN THE JOB REPORT). Isolate the additives so they are
ready to be used.
1) On the tank, check the lines with the Mud Engineer, check the manifold and the valves setup to familiarize with the
system. Make sure the tank is properly isolated to avoid contamination.
2) Fill up enough Water to be able to run C-Pump on the tank. Check for clean uncontaminated return. If doubtful, dump,
flush and repeat this step.
3) Dump the water, and close all valves. Mixing Tank is ready (witnessed by Co-Man).
4) The Mixing Tank should be empty, if not check all lines and valves to determine where the leak is from (potential
contamination). Then flush again lines and Tank with water.
5) With the correct level of Water in the Tank and the circulation ON, take a sample (5 Liters). This should be done from
an area that is vigorously agitated in the Tank or from the sampling valve. If several compartments are to be use then
sample each of them separately. Properly identify samples through accurate labeling.
6) With circulation ON and paddle ON
a. Add the required amount of Antifoam through the mixing hopper to properly disperse it and circulate for 15 to
20 min;
b. Add the required amount of D182 through the mixing hopper;
7) Keep circulation ON and paddle ON for 1 hour to properly hydrate D182.
8) Take a sample and ask Mud Engineer to perform Fann Readings at surface condition (R1B1). Compare with Lab Test
values for the base spacer. If reading within +/- 10% proceed to next step, if above or below call town for advice.
9) Add the required amount of Barite (D031) through the mixing hopper and circulate for 15 min. Check density using a
clean and calibrated pressurized mud balance and adjust as required.
10) When the density is at the correct value, check the Rheology as per step #10. Keep Circulation OFF and Paddle ON.
11) Before pumping check density (should be within +/-0.2 lb/gal from previous reading) and take a sample.
Job Procedure
Hold safety meeting with Company Man & Rig personnel at wellsite. (Displacement volume should be double-checked
at rig site according to casing tally)
Run Liner to TD using centralizers as per centralizer placement schedule in CemCADE.
Rig up liner cement head and load drill pipe wiper dart. Count the turns of pin. . Ensure that safety slings are used to
secure the cement head.
With casing at bottom, circulate one-and-half hole volume minimum at maximum possible rate (5 bpm) with rig pump. Start
casing rotation at 20rpm during this conditioning period. Condition the mud to achieve Plastic viscosity Pv < 30 cP and a
yield point Yp <10.
Pump MUDPUSH II* spacer as per the design at 6bpm, rotate the casing at 20rpm
Pump 175bbls of 18.80ppg DensCRETE* cement slurry at 6pm, rotate the casing at 20rpm
Pump 5 bbls of MUDPUSH II* to flush the line. Check for plug departure.
Bump the plug at 3500psig. If the plug did not bump, DO NOT over displace more than 2.18bbls (half shoe track volume)
Bleed off the pressure back to displacement tank and check if float equipment is holding.
Pull out to 2600m-MD, reverse circulate the excess cement until DP is clean. (7bpm for 60minutes)
If required to do inflow test /pressure test. It is recommended to do while cement is on the liquid state. So it does not
disturb the set cement properties. Please refer to UCA/SGSA chart in the lab report section.
WOC.
Note: This job procedure is based on the best available data prior to actual job execution. Accurate well data,
equipment/tool specification, volumes and job procedure are to be confirmed and agreed at well site before
starting the job.
Contingency Plans
CEMENT SLURRY DENSITY TOLERANCE
Cement slurry will be batch mixed, and density will be verified before pumping down hole.
If difficult to maintain slurry density in acceptable tolerance, report to town. Co-man and engineer in town to decide to
either continue the job or to cancel.
MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE
If there is any change or deviation from the original planned job, inform the line management immediately. Request for
management of change (MOC).
Emergency contact:
Fesarama Felaza – SLB Cementing Engineer – Mob: +6 012 329 3466
JX NOEX Engineer on duty
Software Simulations
Surface Pressure and Return Rate
1.6
Calc. Pump Press.
Calc. CemHP
1.4 1.2
Surf. Press. (psi) (x 1000)
0.6 0.8 0.20.41.0
Q In
Q Out
6
5
Flow Rate (bbl/min)
3 04 2
1
0 40 80 120 160
Time (min)
20.1 20.4
Frac
Pore
Hydrostatic
Dynamic
19.8
18.6 18.9 19.2 19.5
Ann. Pressure (lb/gal)
18.3
18.0
17.4 17.7
Frac
Pore
Hydrostatic
20.0
Dynamic
19.6 19.2
Ann. Pressure (lb/gal)
18.4 18.8
18.0
17.6
17.2
Temperature Simulation
The well starts at the mud circulation final temperature profile prior to cementing.
Static temperature, sea temperature, sea current are defined as per section 2
Pre-job Mud circulation 180.0 min @ 6.0 bbl/min
Pre-job Mud temperature (injection) 59 degC
Slurry Temperature (injection) 95 degF
Displacement fluid temperature (injection) 95 degF
Mud Removal
Annulus ID : 7.000 in - OD : 9.040 in
150
MUDPUSH II
WBM
DensCRETE*
120
Friction Pressure (psi/1000ft)
90
60
0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.8 5.2 5.6 6.0 6.4
Flow Rate (bbl/min)
[Friction hierarchy between the pumped fluids versus the pumping rate (sensitivity analysis)]
Where:
OBP = PCement + PMud - PFormation; is the initial calculated
overbalance pressure (psi);
300 is a conversion factor;
L is the length of the cement column above the flow zone (ft);
Deff is the effective diameter (in.) = DOH – Dc;
Dc is the outside diameter of the casing (in.);
DOH is the diameter of the open hole (in.).
API RP 65 Part II also states that ”Wellbores have variable hole diameters and contain multiple fluids (drilling fluid, spacer, lead
cement, tail cement) in the annulus. Many wellbore sections have more than one potential flow zone to be evaluated. For these
reasons, it is recommended that a computer program be used to accurately calculate CSGS.”
The GasMigrationAdvisor (GMA) software calculates the CSGS taking into account the wellbore caliper (if available) and also
the static gel strength of the fluids above the cement placed in front of the potential flow zones.
Current mud rheology data showed a relatively high gel strength value and consequently drops the CSGS to zero (critical). One
of the efforts to increase the CSGS to a more manageble value is by applying back pressure after cement in place.
However, the liner is equipped with a top packer, and will be activated soon after cement is in place. By setting the top packer,
there is no possible way of applying pressure to increase CGSG value. It is recommended under this case, to utilize a low
porosity cement system (CRETE*) with GASBLOK* technology and minimize static gel strength transition time.
The GasMigrationAdvisor (GMA) software calculates the CSGS taking into account the wellbore caliper (if available) but also
the static gel strength of the fluids above the cement placed in front of the potential flow zones.
GMA risk versus PDL value: Pressure Decay Limit risk is HIGH *.(*) based on formation pressures provided on this
report
WELLCLEAN II Simulation
(x 1000) psi
% (x 1000) psi %
m
020 540 10
60 15
80 0 100 05 2510 5015 75 100
0 Hydrostatic Hydrostatic
Std Betw . Cent. Mud Contamination
Min. Hydrostatic Frac
Cement Coverage Uncontaminated Slurry
Max. Dynamic Pore
Min. Dynamic
Frac
Pore
2000
4000
The Fluid Concentrations map (left) shows the fluid concentration, i.e. the potential contamination between fluids.
The Risk Mud on the Wall map (right) shows the risk of leaving a thin film of mud on the wall.
Contamination Assesment
In a liner job, it is critical to evaluate slurry contamination potential, as there is no physical barrier in between spacer and
cement slurry as in a conventional two plug casing jobs.
Spacer contamination in to cement slurry is likely expected in this condition. Simulation has been run to ensure that we have
sufficient low contaminated cement coverage, and hence good zonal isolation. Simulations have shown with 175bbls of
DensCRETE* slurry, under the assumed hole size we will have 1120m-MD of low contaminated cement.
Laboratory Reports
And this
In this time (min) Do this To this (degF)
(psi)
0 Start con. 95 1500
31 Ramp To 230 12200
36 Ramp To 260 12200
Instrument: SGSA 3 Test Start: 2/1/2014 6:18:15 PM Test Stop: 2/4/2014 2:58:26 AM
Algorithm: Compressive strength type B (more than 14 lb/gal) Algorithm: Static gel strength 50 psi: 38:44:00
Additives: D206=0.05 + D700=1.30 + D701=0.060 + D080A=0.010 + D150=0.135 + FW 500 psi: 41:44:00
Comments: D153=0.30% and D157=15% 75 lb/100ft2: 37:13:30
100 lb/100ft2: 37:13:30
500 lb/100ft2: 37:13:30
360
3500 3500
320
3000 3000
280
Static Gel Strength (lb/100ft2)
Compressive Strength (psi)
2500 2500
240
Temperature (°F)
160
1500 1500
120
1000 1000
80
500 500
40
0 0 0
0 15 30 45 60
Time (HH)
CHANDLER Test File Name: 7in Liner 18.80ppg SGSA 239degF Page 1
ENG INEERING Printed: 2/5/2014 10:44:54 AM