First-hand knowledge.

Reading Sample
Organizational structures are the basis of everything in an SAP system. In
Chapter 3, “Organizational Structures,” we explain generic SAP organiza-
tional units and also demonstrate the maintenance-specific organizatio-
nal units that are required for other procedures.

“Organizational Structures”

Contents

Index

The Authors

Karl Liebstückel
Plant Maintenance with SAP: Business User
Guide
689 Pages, 2017, $79.95
ISBN 978-1-4932-1484-6

www.sap-press.com/4310
Chapter 3
Organizational Structures 3
This chapter provides information about the essential elements for main-
tenance processing in the SAP system: the general organizational units,
maintenance-specific organizational units, and work center.

The definition of an organizational structure comprises the following

areas: the general SAP organizational units (for example, controlling area,
company code, plant, storage location); the definition of maintenance-spe-
cific organizational units (for example, location or plant section); and
finally, the definition of maintenance work centers (for example, mechani-
cal workshop, electrical workshop, measurement, and control).

3.1 SAP Organizational Units

Organizational units form the basis of all master data and business pro-
cesses in SAP ERP. In the following sections, you’ll learn about the most
important organizational units from a maintenance perspective.

Organizational Units in the SAP Project

If you implement Enterprise Asset Management (EAM), the general organi-
zational units in the SAP system (for example, the company code, con-
trolling area, and plant) are usually already defined. These units were
defined when other applications, such as Controlling (CO), Material
Management (MM), and so on, were implemented. Therefore, you can only
influence the design if EAM is implemented from the outset or if you
define separate organizational units from a pure maintenance perspec-
tive.

51
3 Organizational Structures 3.1 SAP Organizational Units

3.1.1 The Plant from a Maintenance Perspective Technical objects (functional location and equipment) also contain all of
the maintenance and planning plant-specific data, which is then copied
Functions of The plant is, without doubt, the most important organizational unit for
the plant to notifications and orders. This data is explained in more detail in this
plant maintenance. A plant fulfills several maintenance functions:
chapter. 3
쐍 A plant is responsible for planning maintenance activities. In this con-
Work centers perform maintenance tasks or are responsible for such tasks. Work centers
text, this plant is known as a planning plant. To convert a plant to a plan-
Work centers relate either to the planning plant or the maintenance plant
ning plant, you use the Customizing function Maintain Planning Plant.
(see Section 3.2).
쐍 All of the technical objects to be maintained are physically present in a
plant (functional location, equipment, and serial number). In this case, A planner group is responsible for planning maintenance tasks and also Planner groups

this plant is known as a maintenance plant. A plant becomes a mainte- relates to a planning plant. You maintain planner groups using the Custo-
nance plant if you create a technical object there. To assign the planning mizing function Define Planner Groups.
plant responsible for the maintenance plant, you use the Customizing
function Assign Maintenance Planning Plant. Using Planner Groups
쐍 You require a plant with a storage location in which you can store spare You can set up maintenance planner groups, for example, if you want to
parts. map work scheduling or individual maintenance planners known by name.
쐍 Furthermore, some technical objects (serial numbers) can be stored in a
plant with a storage location. You must use a label to indicate the physical location of a technical object. Location
You’ll always define a location with reference to a maintenance plant. Fur-
thermore, to maintain locations, you’ll use the Customizing function
3.1.2 Maintenance-Specific Organizational Units
Define Location.
Maintenance plant- Additional maintenance-specific organizational units (either maintenance
specific or planning plant-specific or planning plant-specific) play an important role within a
plant-specific? Naming Locations
plant (see Figure 3.1).
In practice, either building numbers (for example, F141 or WDF21) or, if they
exist, plant coordinates (for example, A01 or K15) are among the most com-
Maintenance Plant-Specific Organizational Units monly used locations.
Maintenance Plant
Location e.g., Locality, Building,
Coordinate You’ll define the responsibilities associated with operating a (production) Plant sections
e.g., Production Area, facility as a plant section. To maintain plant sections, you’ll use the Custo-
Plant Section Plant Engineer

e.g., Mechanics, Electricity

mizing function Define Plant Sections.
Work Center

Planning Plant-Specific Organizational Units Responsibilities for the Plant Section

Planning Plant In practice, either the plant engineer responsible for the asset or the pro-
Maintenance e.g., Maintenance Super-
Planner Group visor, Work Scheduling
duction area belonging to the asset have proven themselves as plant sec-
e.g., Mechanics, Electricity
tions.
Work Center

Figure 3.1 Maintenance Plant and Planning Plant

52 53
3 Organizational Structures 3.1 SAP Organizational Units

3.1.3 Other General Organizational Units 3.1.4 Plant-Specific and Cross-Plant Maintenance
In addition to the maintenance-specific organizational units, other general For business processes in plant maintenance, you’ll need to differentiate
organizational units are also relevant for EAM. between order planning and execution in the same plant and order plan-
3
Company codes You’ll assign a company code to the plant (see Figure 3.2). The company ning and execution in different plants.
code is the smallest organizational unit for which a complete, self-con-
tained set of accounts can be drawn up for the purposes of external report- Plant-Specific Maintenance
ing (“the company”). These accounts record all relevant transactions and In practice, the most frequently encountered situation is where the mainte- Requirements, plan-
generating balance sheets and profit and loss statements. nance requirement is planned in the plant in which it originates, the orders ning, and execution
in the same plant
are fulfilled by workshops in the same plant, and the spare parts are stored
Controlling Area within the same plant. In Figure 3.3, this plant is known as Plant 1000. The
following applies here: maintenance plant = planning plant = spare parts
Company Code storage.

Plant
Plant 1200 Plant 1100
Figure 3.2 General Organizational Units Maintenance Maintenance
Requirement Requirement
When you assign a technical object to a maintenance plant, the technical
Work Center
object will be automatically assigned the plant’s company code in the back-
ground.
Plant 1000 Spare Parts
Controlling areas The controlling area is an organizational unit within a company for which a Storage
Planning of Maintenance
self-contained cost accounting can be performed. A controlling area may Maintenance Requirement
include one or more company codes. Requirements

When you assign a technical object to a maintenance plant, you not only
create its company code, but you also determine its controlling area. Simi- Work Center
larly, when you assign a work center to a plant, you also assign its con-
trolling area.
Figure 3.3 Plant and Plant Maintenance

Controlling Areas Involved Cross-Plant Maintenance

From a plant maintenance perspective, ideally the controlling area of the In contrast to plant-specific maintenance, other situations may involve Requirements and
technical object and the controlling area of the work center are identical. more than one plant, for example: execution in differ-
ent plants
쐍 You may have a plant (for example, Plant 1200 in Figure 3.3) where an
You may now be wondering why using controlling areas is a good idea.
asset is maintained (the maintenance plant), but all other functions
We’ll explain why in the next section.
(planning, order execution, and spare parts storage) are the responsibil-
ity of another plant (for example, Plant 1000).

54 55
3 Organizational Structures 3.2 Work Centers

쐍 You may have a plant (for example, Plant 1100) where additional partial 3.2 Work Centers
functions (order execution) are also the responsibility of this plant, but
other partial functions (order planning and spare parts storage) are the From a maintenance perspective, a work center represents either an indi- Definition and basic
vidual person (for example, the engineer M. Huber) or a workshop, thus, a principles
responsibility of other plants (for example, Plant 1000). 3
group of persons. In practice, the following workshops are most commonly
Cross-plant maintenance is not difficult if the maintenance plant of the used:
technical object and the plant of the executing work center are in the same
쐍 Mechanical workshops
company code.
쐍 Electrical workshops
The same applies if the plants are in different company codes but belong to
쐍 Measurement and control
the same controlling area, which is also a standard scenario.
쐍 Machine centers
Different con- However, a problem arises if the plants belong to different controlling
trolling areas areas. This case involves a customer–vendor relationship rather than a 쐍 Welding workshops
standard scenario. Therefore, in this case, the maintenance plant (cus- 쐍 Paint shops
tomer) has to trigger purchase orders, and the plant of the work center 쐍 Cleaning lines
(vendor) triggers a sales order and its associated invoice. The billing docu- 쐍 Building services engineering
ment is entered in turn as an incoming invoice in the maintenance plant—
tedious process overall. How can we simplify the process?
No Individual Persons as Work Centers
Avoid using individual persons as work centers. You could jeopardize your
Plants in Different Controlling Areas
chances of capacity planning. Furthermore, work center data requires a
If you implement cross-plant maintenance and your plants are in different great deal of maintenance. For person-specific responsibilities, use partner
controlling areas, the following approach is recommended: functions (see Chapter 4, Section 4.2.10).
쐍 In the work center plant, create a cost center for the actual mainte- If you nevertheless record work centers for each person, please note the
nance plant. legal regulations for each country. In Germany, for example, you can only
쐍 Assign all of the technical objects to the work center plant (as a main- do this if you have given your employee representatives a written com-
tenance plant) and to this cost center. pany agreement in which, among other things, you state that the informa-
쐍 Process all maintenance orders in the work center plant. tion will not be used to compare employee performance.
쐍 Manually issue periodic invoices (for example, monthly) from the work
center plant whereby the customer maintenance plant is debited the In plant maintenance, work centers are used as the:
amount and the cost center is credited the same amount.
쐍 Responsible work center in the equipment master record
This procedure saves you from having to create purchase orders, sales and functional location master record
orders, and individual invoices as well as posting individual incoming
쐍 Responsible work center in a maintenance item
invoices.
쐍 Responsible work center in the header of a task list
쐍 Performing work center in the operations of a task list
쐍 Responsible work center in the notification

56 57
3 Organizational Structures 3.2 Work Centers

쐍 Responsible work center in the order header

쐍 Performing work center in the operations of an order Characteristics of the Task List Usage
When maintaining basic data for a work center, make sure that you set the
task list usage to 004 (maintenance tasks lists) or 009 (all task list types), 3
Need for Work Centers
so that the work center can be used in EAM processing.
Work centers are the individual master records that you must create in
Furthermore, the standard value key must be set to “SAP0,” so that stan-
order to use EAM. You can implement business processes, for example,
dard values such as setup times or machine times are not required later.
without technical objects (functional locations, equipment, and so on), but
not without work centers.
Work centers contain default values that are copied into the operations or Defaults
referenced when creating maintenance task lists and maintenance orders.
Creating a Work You can use Transaction IR01 to maintain work centers. In this transaction,
Center
Referencing means that the data cannot be changed in the maintenance
you would first assign a work center number and then assign the work cen-
task list. You maintain default values on the Default Values tab. The most
ter to a plant.
important default value is the control key via which you can subsequently
control the following in the order:
Choice of Work Center Numbers
쐍 Whether the operation is to be part of costing
Frequently, you’ll have to specify the work center in EAM processing. There-
쐍 Whether the operation is to be scheduled
fore, you should keep work center numbers as short as possible (for exam-
ple, M for mechanical workshop, E for electrical workshop, and so on). 쐍 Whether the operation is to generate capacity requirements
쐍 Whether a confirmation is expected for the operation
Basic data The work center contains information that is essential for EAM processing 쐍 Whether the operation should be processed externally
(see Figure 3.4). Work centers contain basic data. You maintain this data on 쐍 Whether service specifications are to be set up in the operation
the Basic Data tab.
You maintain the control key in Customizing using the function Maintain
Control Key.

• Description
• Location Default Values Using the Control Key
• Hierarchy
Scheduling
Using the control key, you can control in detail the business functions that
• Formulas an operation should have (cost, print, confirm, assign externally, schedule,
• Interoperation
Times and so on).

Calculation You’ll require at least two control keys, namely, a key for internal process-
• Cost Center Available Capacities
• Activity Types
ing and a key for external processing. You can use other control keys as
• Capacities
• Supply Cycles (Normal Operations required.
Early/Day Shift,
Reduced Working from/to, ...) You should always define the control key in the work center as a default
• Shift Sequences
• Shifts value so that you do not always have to manually enter it in the task list
and order.

Figure 3.4 Contents of a Work Center

58 59
3 Organizational Structures 3.2 Work Centers

Scheduling data Work centers contain scheduling data required for lead time scheduling.
You maintain scheduling data on the Scheduling tab (see Figure 3.5). Formula for the Requirements of Internal Processing
If you subsequently want to execute capacity planning for your work cen-
ter, your work center requires a formula in the field Requirements of Inter- 3
nal Processing. This formula must point to the ARBEI field, that is, the work
from the operation. In the standard system, this formula is SAP008.
You can check or define this using the Customizing function Define For-
mula Parameters for Work Centers.
Figure 3.5 Scheduling

In the work center, the available capacity is maintained on the Capacities

Formula for the Duration of Internal Processing tab by clicking the button. Figure 3.7 shows which information
If you want to schedule the orders later, your work center requires a for- you can specify for the available capacity.
mula in the Duration of Internal Processing field. This formula must point
to the DAUNO field, that is, to the duration from the operation. The for-
mula SAP004 is defined in the standard SAP version.
You can check or define the formula for the duration of internal processing
using the Customizing function Define Formula Parameters for Work Cen-
ters.
Figure 3.7 Available Capacity

Available capacity Work centers contain available capacity data required for capacity plan- Most required details, for example, the Work Start, Work Finish, Length of
ning. Available capacity specifies which service provides capacity for each Breaks, Number of Individual Capacities (number of craftsmen) fields, are
work day. A capacity is always assigned to a work center and, in plant main- not critical and are easily determined.
tenance, is generally expressed in hours per week. The capacity data is
If you work in different time periods with different staff assignments, you
maintained on the Capacities tab (see Figure 3.6).
can maintain intervals and also define multilayer models.
The rate of capacity utilization is critical: This rate specifies (in %) the por-
tion of gross capacity available to the craftsmen (net) for planned orders.
Several factors can lower the capacity utilization rate, such as:
쐍 Additional, necessary personal time (restroom breaks, unplanned breaks,
work meetings, and so on)
쐍 Illness
쐍 Leave
Figure 3.6 Capacities 쐍 Unplanned orders

The proportion of unplanned orders can only be roughly estimated and is

thus a critical factor in maintenance.

60 61
3 Organizational Structures 3.2 Work Centers

Rates of Capacity Utilization in Practice Prerequisites for Costing

Without considering unplanned orders, a rate of capacity utilization of If you subsequently want to perform costing for your work center, your
between 65% and 75% is most common in practice. work center requires the following: 3
To account for unplanned orders, you have two options: 쐍 A cost center
쐍 You can consider them in the capacity utilization rate, which is then 쐍 An activity type
reduced according to the proportion of unplanned orders to a value 쐍 A formula in the field Requirements for Internal Processing. This for-
between 30% and 50%. mula must point to the ARBEI field, that is, the work from the opera-
쐍 You can reserve some personnel beyond the number of individual tion. In the standard system, the formula SAP008 is used.
capacities specified in the available capacity (that is, the number of
craftsmen) and deploy them only for unplanned orders, so that the Chapter 6, Section 6.2.8, provides information on how to define the associ-
data specified in the available capacity is available only for planned ated allocation record in Controlling.
orders.

Costing Work centers contain costing data that enables you to cost operations; this
data is maintained on the Costing tab (see Figure 3.8).
You can check or define this using the Customizing function Define For-
mula Parameters for Work Centers.

Figure 3.8 Costing

62 63
Contents
Preface to the Fourth Edition .................................................................................... 15
Preface to the First Edition ......................................................................................... 17

1 About This Book 19

1.1 Target Audience ............................................................................................. 21

1.2 What This Book Can and Cannot Do ..................................................... 22

1.3 Structure of This Book ................................................................................. 23

2 Plant Maintenance and SAP:

A Contradiction? 27

2.1 Plant Maintenance Today: New Ideas Need New Space ............. 28

2.2 New Maintenance Terminology ............................................................. 30

2.3 Maintenance Strategies over Time ........................................................ 34

2.4 Plant Maintenance over Time in SAP .................................................... 37

2.5 SAP ERP 6.0 ....................................................................................................... 38

2.6 SAP GUI and SAP Business Client ............................................................ 43

2.6.1 Connection Options ....................................................................... 43
2.6.2 General Functions .......................................................................... 45

3 Organizational Structures 51

3.1 SAP Organizational Units ........................................................................... 51

3.1.1 The Plant from a Maintenance Perspective ........................... 52
3.1.2 Maintenance-Specific Organizational Units ......................... 52

7
Contents Contents

3.1.3 Other General Organizational Units ........................................ 54 4.2.8 Product Structure Browser .......................................................... 130
3.1.4 Plant-Specific and Cross-Plant Maintenance ........................ 55 4.2.9 Asset Viewer ..................................................................................... 131
3.2 Work Centers ................................................................................................... 57 4.2.10 Special Functions ............................................................................ 132

4 Structuring of Technical Systems 65 5 Business Processes 161

4.1 Actions before Mapping Your Technical Systems in 5.1 What You Should Do before You Map Your Business
the SAP System ............................................................................................... 66 Processes in the SAP System ..................................................................... 162
5.1.1 Question 1: Which Functions Should You Use? ................... 162
4.1.1 Question 1: Which Structuring Resources Should
5.1.2 Question 2: Should You Use a Notification and/or
Be Used? ............................................................................................ 66
an Order? ........................................................................................... 163
4.1.2 Question 2: How Deep Should the Structure Be? ................ 68
5.1.3 Question 3: Which Information Should You Store? ............ 167
4.1.3 Question 3: Which Criteria Should Be Applied to
5.1.4 Question 4: How Can You Ensure That Users Accept
the Structuring of Technical Systems? .................................... 71
the System? ...................................................................................... 168
4.1.4 Question 4: On Which Structure Level Should a
5.1.5 Question 5: What Role Does Business Process
Particular Resource Be Used? ..................................................... 71
Modeling Play? ................................................................................ 168
4.1.5 Question 5: How Are Numbers Assigned? ............................. 76
5.1.6 Question 6: When Should You Include the Other
4.1.6 Question 6: Which Information Should You Store? ............ 78
User Departments? ........................................................................ 169
4.1.7 Question 7: How Is the Master Data Incorporated
into the SAP System? ..................................................................... 79 5.2 “Planned Repairs” Business Process ..................................................... 170
4.1.8 Question 8: Is It Easy to Delete Data Records? ..................... 79 5.2.1 Notification ....................................................................................... 172
4.1.9 Question 9: Which of the Functions Available Should 5.2.2 Planning ............................................................................................. 189
Be Used? ............................................................................................ 80 5.2.3 Controlling ........................................................................................ 221
4.1.10 Question 10: Which Strategy Should You Pursue 5.2.4 Processing ......................................................................................... 235
When Recording Master Data? .................................................. 80 5.2.5 Completion ....................................................................................... 237
4.2 SAP Resources for Structuring Technical Systems and How to 5.3 “Immediate Repairs” Business Process ............................................... 247
Use Them ........................................................................................................... 81 5.3.1 Creating Order (with Notification) and Completion .......... 249
4.2.1 Functional Locations and Reference Functional 5.3.2 Special Case: “After-Event Recording“ .................................... 252
Locations .......................................................................................... 81 5.3.3 Confirming Unscheduled Tasks ................................................. 253
4.2.2 Equipment and Serial Numbers ................................................ 92 5.3.4 Historical Order ............................................................................... 254
4.2.3 Links and Object Networks .......................................................... 103 5.4 Shift Notes and Shift Reports ................................................................... 256
4.2.4 Linear Asset Management .......................................................... 104
5.5 “External Assignment” Business Process ........................................... 263
4.2.5 Material and PM Assemblies ...................................................... 112
4.2.6 Bills of Materials ............................................................................. 119 5.5.1 Basic Principles of External Assignment ................................. 263
4.2.7 Classification .................................................................................... 123 5.5.2 External Processing as an Individual Purchase Order ........ 266

8 9
Contents Contents

5.5.3 External Services with External Work Centers ..................... 271 6.2.5 Environment, Health, and Safety .............................................. 419
5.5.4 External Processing with Service Specifications .................. 275 6.2.6 Financial Accounting ..................................................................... 421
5.6 “Refurbishment” Business Process ....................................................... 280 6.2.7 Asset Accounting ............................................................................ 423
6.2.8 Controlling ........................................................................................ 427
5.7 “Subcontracting” Business Process ....................................................... 291
6.2.9 Real Estate Management ............................................................. 437
5.8 “Preventive Maintenance” Business Process .................................... 299 6.2.10 Human Capital Management .................................................... 440
5.8.1 Basic Principles of Preventive Maintenance .......................... 299 6.2.11 Service and Sales ............................................................................. 445
5.8.2 Objects of Preventive Maintenance ......................................... 302 6.3 Integration with Other SAP Systems .................................................... 448
5.8.3 Maintenance Task Lists ................................................................ 305 6.3.1 SAP NetWeaver Master Data Management .......................... 448
5.8.4 Preventive Maintenance, Time-Based ..................................... 315 6.3.2 SAP Master Data Governance .................................................... 450
5.8.5 Preventive Maintenance, Performance-Based ..................... 336 6.3.3 SAP Supplier Relationship Management ................................ 454
5.8.6 Preventive Maintenance, Time-Based and
Performance-Based ....................................................................... 345
6.4 Integration with Non-SAP Systems ....................................................... 457

5.8.7 Inspection Rounds .......................................................................... 353 6.4.1 Operations Monitoring Systems ............................................... 457
6.4.2 Operations Information Systems .............................................. 460
5.9 “Condition-Based Maintenance” Business Process ....................... 360
6.4.3 Service Specifications and Entry of Services Performed .... 463
5.10 “Calibration of Test Equipment” Business Process ........................ 364

5.11 “Follow-Up Order” Business Process .................................................... 375

5.12 “Pool Asset Management” Business Process .................................... 377 7 Plant Maintenance Controlling 467

5.13 “Project-Based Maintenance“ Business Process ............................. 385

5.13.1 SAP Project System ........................................................................ 386 7.1 What Plant Maintenance Controlling Involves ................................ 467
5.13.2 Maintenance Event Builder ......................................................... 392 7.2 SAP Tools for Obtaining Information and How to Use Them .... 471
7.2.1 SAP List Viewer ................................................................................ 472
7.2.2 QuickViewer ..................................................................................... 480
7.2.3 SAP ERP Logistics Information System .................................... 485
6 Integrating Applications from Other
7.2.4 SAP Business Warehouse ............................................................. 494
Departments 397 7.2.5 SAP BusinessObjects Lumira ....................................................... 506
7.3 SAP Tools for Budgeting and How to Use Them .............................. 512
6.1 How Other Departments Are Involved ................................................ 397
7.3.1 Order Budgeting ............................................................................. 512
6.2 Integration within SAP ERP ....................................................................... 398 7.3.2 Cost Center Budgeting .................................................................. 514
6.2.1 Materials Management ............................................................... 399 7.3.3 Budgeting with IM Programs ..................................................... 515
6.2.2 Production Planning and Control .............................................. 408 7.3.4 Budgeting Using WBS Elements ................................................ 518
6.2.3 Digression: In-house Production of Spare Parts 7.3.5 Maintenance Cost Budgeting ..................................................... 522
for Stock ............................................................................................. 413
6.2.4 Quality Management .................................................................... 418

10 11
Contents Contents

8 New Information Technologies in 9.5.4 List Variants ...................................................................................... 610

9.5.5 Customizing Input Help ............................................................... 610
Plant Maintenance 531
9.5.6 Buttons and Key Combinations ................................................. 611
9.5.7 Table Controls .................................................................................. 612
8.1 Electronic Parts Catalogs ............................................................................ 532 9.5.8 Transaction Variants ..................................................................... 615
8.2 New Technologies in the User Interface ............................................. 534 9.5.9 Customizing ..................................................................................... 617
8.2.1 SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer ............................................... 534 9.5.10 Action Box ......................................................................................... 618
8.2.2 SAP Fiori ............................................................................................. 537 9.5.11 GuiXT .................................................................................................. 620
8.2.3 Quick Views ...................................................................................... 540 9.5.12 SAP Screen Personas ...................................................................... 621
9.5.13 Upstream Transactions ................................................................ 625
8.3 Mobile Maintenance .................................................................................... 542
9.5.14 Web Interface .................................................................................. 628
8.3.1 Fundamentals of Mobile Maintenance .................................. 542
9.5.15 Customer Exits ................................................................................ 629
8.3.2 Paging ................................................................................................. 548
9.5.16 Other Programming Techniques ............................................... 631
8.3.3 SAP Work Manager ........................................................................ 550
8.3.4 SAP Rounds Manager .................................................................... 559 9.6 Usability Study for SAP ERP 6.0 ............................................................... 634
8.3.5 SAP Fiori Apps for Plant Maintenance ..................................... 560 9.6.1 Preparation and Execution .......................................................... 634
8.3.6 RFID ..................................................................................................... 566 9.6.2 Results ................................................................................................ 639
9.6.3 Conclusions ...................................................................................... 644
8.4 SAP HANA .......................................................................................................... 569
8.4.1 Introduction to SAP HANA ........................................................... 569
8.4.2 SAP HANA and Maintenance ...................................................... 573
8.5 SAP S/4HANA .................................................................................................. 575 Appendices 647

8.6 SAP Predictive Maintenance and Service ............................................ 578

A List of Sources .................................................................................................. 649
8.7 SAP Asset Intelligence Network .............................................................. 581
B Overviews ......................................................................................................... 655

C The Author ........................................................................................................ 671

9 Usability 591 D Acknowledgments ........................................................................................ 673

9.1 What Is Meant by Usability? .................................................................... 592

Index .................................................................................................................................. 675
9.2 Assessing Usability ....................................................................................... 597
9.3 Why Usability Does Not Mean User Acceptance ............................. 598

9.4 The Importance of User Acceptance in Plant Maintenance ....... 601

9.5 SAP System Options to Improve Usability ......................................... 604
9.5.1 General User Parameters ............................................................. 605
9.5.2 Maintenance-Specific User Parameters ................................. 606
9.5.3 Roles and Favorites ........................................................................ 608

12 13
Index
(F4) help ........................................................ 610 active ......................................................... 521
3D model ................................... 143, 534, 557 passive ...................................................... 521
Available capacity ..................... 60, 224, 409
A
B
ABC analysis ....................................... 478, 490
Account assignment ................................ 656 BAdI ................................................................ 631
Action ................................................... 241, 656 BAPI ....................................................... 465, 626
Action box ................................................... 618 BAPI Explorer .............................................. 627
Action log ............................................ 246, 312 Bar chart ........................................................ 202
Activity ................................................. 217, 308 BCS .............................. 36, 362, 457, 458, 666
Activity type ....................................... 427, 428 BEx .................................................................. 497
Actual costing ............................................. 431 Bill of material
Address ............... 69, 86, 148, 177, 186, 190 equipment bill of material ......... 68, 120
Address management ............................. 148 functional location BOM ............ 68, 120
ADPMPS Workbench ............................... 391 use .............................................................. 121
Advance shipment of spare parts ...... 446 Bill of material (BOM) ......... 68, 74, 75, 462
After-event recording ............................. 252 BOM
Agentry server ............................................ 551 material BOM ................................. 68, 120
Aggregation level ...................................... 470 multiple BOM ......................................... 122
Annual estimate ........................................ 336 spart parts BOM .................................... 120
App for iPhone and iPad ............... 537, 628 variant BOM ........................................... 122
ASCII handheld device ............................ 547 BOM category ............................................. 120
Asset Accounting ...................................... 665 BOM item ........................................................ 75
Asset accounting .............................. 423, 665 BOM structure ............................................ 122
Asset Lifecycle Management ................... 37 Bottom-up budgeting ............................. 524
Asset master record ................................. 423 BPM ................................................................. 168
Asset number ............................................. 424 Budget category ......................................... 525
Asset under construction ............. 423, 518 planned ..................................................... 525
Asset value ................................................... 426 preventive ................................................ 525
Asset Viewer ....................................... 131, 132 unplanned ............................................... 525
Assignment of documents ........... 186, 209 Budget use .................................................... 526
Attachment list ................................. 146, 219 Budgeting ............................................ 512, 518
Availability check ................... 193, 226, 400 Budgeting group ........................................ 524
dynamic ................................................... 227 Building Control System 씮 BCS
global ........................................................ 228 Business Add-in 씮 BAdI
material ................................................... 227 Business Application Programming
production resources/tools .............. 227 Interface 씮 BAPI
static .......................................................... 227 Business content for EAM ..................... 497
status ........................................................ 230 Business content for MCB ..................... 526
Availability control .............. 512, 513, 517, Business Explorer 씮 BEx
520, 528

675
Index Index

Business function ... 39, 49, 132, 136, 168, Completion (Cont.) Cost center report ..................................... 515 DIN EN ISO 9241-110 ............................... 592
207, 208, 210, 219, 246, 263, 285, 287, 299, cancel ............................................... 243, 245 Cost element ............................ 214, 427, 436 Display variant ........................................... 478
312, 322, 353, 360, 385, 396, 421, 529, 536 order ........................................................... 251 Costing ............. 62, 211, 273, 290, 313, 429 Displaying costs ......................................... 214
Business partner 씮 Partner technical ................................................... 242 Counter ............................. 137, 139, 629, 655 Document ....................... 186, 209, 254, 655
Business process modeling ................... 168 Completion confirmation annual estimate ................................... 140 Document flow .......................................... 245
BW-BPS .......................................................... 522 technical ................................................... 241 counter overflow reading ........ 140, 336 Document master record ...................... 143
Completion counter reading ................ 345 counter reading ........................... 140, 574 DSO 씮 DataStore object
C Completion requirement ....................... 319 entry of counter readings ........ 340, 342 Duration of internal processing ............. 60
Component maintenance ........................ 29 Counters .............................................. 336, 361 Dynamic date calculation ...................... 476
CAD .............................................. 457, 460, 667 Component overview .............................. 208 Cross-Application Time Sheet 씮 CATS Dynamic segmentation .......................... 124
Calibration ................................................... 364 Computer-aided design 씮 CAD CS ........................................................................ 38
Call horizon .................... 320, 331, 338, 340 Condition-Based Maintenance 씮 CBM CS order ......................................................... 447 E
Capacity ......................................................... 226 Configuration Panel ................................. 551 Customer exit .................................... 363, 629
Capacity leveling ............................. 224, 225 Confiirmation Customer Interaction Center ............... 446 EAM .................................................................... 37
Capacity overview ..................................... 224 individual time confirmation .......... 238 Customer Service ...................................... 667 lists ............................................................. 472
Capacity requirement ............................. 223 Confirmation ...... 230, 237, 245, 373, 414, Customizing (usability) .......................... 617 order ................................................. 409, 447
Capacity requirements planning . 60, 222 416, 443, 630, 658 Cycle modification factor ...................... 331 Early warning system .............................. 492
Catalog ........................................................... 180 collective time confirmation ............ 239 Cycle set ............................................... 346, 350 Easy Web Transaction ............................. 172
Catalog group .............................................. 181 inspection rounds ....................... 355, 359 ECC ..................................................................... 38
Catalog Profile ............................................ 183 overall completion D eClass .............................................................. 127
Catalog profile .................................. 180, 182 confirmation ............................ 240, 251 EN standard 13306 ....................................... 30
CATS ...................................................... 239, 443 Confirmation cockpit ............................... 622 Damage report ........................................... 488 Enhancement package ............................... 39
CBM ................................................ 36, 360, 559 Confirmation of reservation ................. 382 Data acquisition system Enhancement Package 2 ........................... 41
Cellular telephone ..................................... 547 Conformity with user expectations ... 594 mobile .......................................................... 36 Enhancement Package 3 ........................... 41
Characteristic ........ 109, 124, 487, 498, 655 Construction type .................... 88, 120, 306 Data archiving ............................................... 79 Enhancement Package 4 ........................... 41
Check resources ......................................... 395 Consumption billing ................................ 460 Data exchange ............................................ 464 Enhancement Package 5 ........................... 41
Class ...................................................... 183, 655 Content of orders ...................................... 194 Data linear ................................................... 108 Enhancement Package 6 ................ 41, 208,
standard class ........................................ 128 Control entry ..................................... 598, 643 Data transfer 419, 614
Class name ................................................... 125 Control key .............. 59, 196, 199, 224, 265, hierarchical ............................................. 133 Enhancement Package 7 ........................... 41
Class system 267, 368 horizontal ................................................ 134 Enhancement Package 8 ................. 41, 542
template ................................................... 127 Controllability ............................................. 594 Data Transfer Workbench ........................ 79 Enterprise Asset Management 씮 EAM
use ............................................................... 126 Controlling ................................ 221, 427, 664 Data Warehousing Workbench ........... 496 Enterprise Core Component 씮 ECC
Class type ...................................................... 125 commercial ............................................. 469 Database table ............................................ 480 Enterprise Extension .................................. 39
Classification ......... 123, 127, 183, 462, 656 measure-based ....................................... 469 DataStore object ........................................ 496 Enterprise search .......................................... 46
characteristic ......................................... 124 MRP-based ............................................... 468 Date, scheduled ......................................... 200 Environment, Health and Safety
equipment ............................................... 128 object-based ............................................ 469 DDIC table .................................................... 492 Management ................................. 419, 664
notification ............................................. 184 operational .............................................. 467 Deadline monitoring ............ 303, 322, 573 Equipment ... 66, 72, 75, 92, 101, 177, 182,
search functions .................................... 128 period-based ........................................... 470 Decision 209, 365, 423, 462, 493, 498, 655, 668
Classification system ............................... 124 strategic .................................................... 468 operational ............................................. 472 delete ............................................................ 79
CO ................................................... 38, 194, 427 tactical ...................................................... 468 strategic ................................................... 472 group ......................................................... 101
Code group ................................................... 181 technical ................................................... 469 tactical ...................................................... 472 hierarchy ..................................................... 99
Collective Time Confirmation ............. 239 Controlling area .................................. 54, 499 Default value .............................................. 607 install/dismantle ..................................... 94
Combined order/operation list ........... 473 Controlling information system ......... 436 Defining work package ........................... 394 lock ............................................................. 374
Company code .............................................. 54 Cost analysis ................................................ 488 Diagnostic assembly ................................ 458 mass change ........................................... 135
Completion Cost center ................................ 427, 428, 436 Diagnostic system ........................... 172, 457 placing in storage/removing
business .................................................... 244 Cost center budget .................................... 514 DIN 31051 ....................................................... 30 from storage .................................. 96, 98

676 677
Index Index

Equipment (Cont.) Fuel consumption analysis ................... 488 Immediate repairs ........................... 170, 247 L
restructure ................................................. 96 Functional location ...... 66, 72, 74, 81, 101, Improvement ................................................ 32
serial data .................................................. 97 177, 182, 462, 498, 655, 668 Individual purchase order ............ 266, 400 Labeling, alternative ................................ 655
stock overview ......................................... 99 alternative labeling ......................... 90, 92 Individual time confirmation .............. 238 Lead float and follow-up
usage list .................................................... 96 collective entry ......................................... 89 InfoCube ....................................................... 497 buffer ................................................ 332, 347
vs. Functional location ....................... 101 delete ............................................................ 79 InfoObject .................................................... 497 Lead time scheduling ....................... 60, 198
Equipment Master Record ..................... 423 layout .......................................................... 85 Information Structure ............................ 487 Linear asset ........................................... 67, 104
Ergonomics .................................................. 592 mass change ........................................... 135 In-house production of spare parts ... 411 Linear Asset Management .............. 67, 104
Error tolerance ........................................... 594 number ........................................................ 77 Initial counter reading ............................ 337 Linear characteristic ................................. 109
Estimated costs ................................ 211, 215 number assignment ............................... 76 In-memory technology .......................... 569 Linear data ................................................... 108
Extension EA-PLM ...................................... 39 real estate object ................................... 437 Input help .................................................... 610 Linear object
External assignment ................................ 263 rename ........................................................ 91 Inspection ....................................................... 31 create ......................................................... 108
control key ............................................... 265 scrap yard .................................................. 85 Inspection lot ................. 305, 371, 418, 659 Linear reference pattern ......................... 112
external work center ........................... 271 single entry ................................................ 83 Inspection operation ............................... 368 Linear technical system structure ...... 110
individual purchase order ................. 266 superior ....................................................... 84 Inspection plan .......................................... 366 Link to document ...................................... 142
order type ................................................ 267 vs. Equipment ......................................... 101 Inspection point ........................................ 367 LIS .................................................................... 506
process flow ............................................ 267 Inspection rounds .................................... 353 arithmetic operation .......................... 491
reasons ...................................................... 264 G advanced ................................................. 356 flexible report ......................................... 491
External project systems ........................ 392 using maintenance task list .... 353, 356 information structure ......................... 487
External service General ledger accounts ......................... 422 using object list ..................................... 353 limits .......................................................... 490
goods receipt .......................................... 401 General maintenance task list .... 307, 415 Integration .......................................... 397, 661 List of actions .............................................. 473
individual purchase order ................. 400 GEO data ........................................................ 503 non-SAP systems .................................. 457 List of components ................................... 473
invoice receipt ........................................ 401 Geographic information systems ....... 667 SAP systems ............................................ 448 List of confirmations ............................... 473
service specification .................. 275, 400 Geographical information systems 씮 GIS within SAP ERP ...................................... 398 List of counter readings .......................... 473
External work center ............................... 271 GIS ....................................... 172, 457, 460, 461 Interface ........................................................ 463 List of equipment ...................................... 472
prerequisites ........................................... 272 Goods issue ............................... 236, 289, 407 Internal activity allocation ................... 428 List of functional locations ................... 472
shop papers ............................................. 273 Goods Receipt ............................................. 416 Internally processed activities ............... 61 List of goods movements ...................... 473
Extractor ....................................................... 497 Goods receipt ...... 269, 289, 297, 401, 407, Internet Application Component 씮 IAC List of maintenance items ..................... 473
414, 456 Internet catalog ......................................... 532 List of maintenance plans ..................... 473
F Graphical handheld device .................... 547 Internet of Things .............................. 15, 578 List of maintenance task lists ............... 473
GuiXT .............................................................. 620 Inventory ................................................. 66, 92 List of material serial numbers ........... 473
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis 씮 FMEA Investment Management 씮 IM List of materials ......................................... 473
Failure report .............................................. 488 H Invoice receipt .............. 269, 274, 280, 401, List of measurement documents ....... 473
Favorite ......................................................... 608 422, 456 List of measuring points ........................ 473
Favorites menu .......................................... 609 Handling Unit ............................................. 406 Invoice without purchase order ......... 422 List of notification items ........................ 473
FI ................................................................ 38, 421 Handling unit .............................................. 406 iPad ........................................................ 547, 557 List of notifications .................................. 473
FI-AA ............................................................... 423 HCM ......................................................... 38, 440 iPhone ........................................................... 547 List of object links and object
Field selection ............................ 79, 168, 403 Human Capital Management ....... 38, 440, ISO 55000 et seqq. ........................................ 33 network .................................................... 473
Finish-finish relationship ...................... 201 666 List of order operations .......................... 473
Finish-start relationship ......................... 201 K List of orders ............................................... 473
First Line Maintenance ............................. 29 I List of permits ............................................. 473
Flavor ............................................................. 622 Key combination ...................................... 611 List of reference functional
FMEA ................................................................ 36 IAC ................................................ 279, 280, 465 Key figure ............................................ 487, 498 locations .................................................. 472
Follow-up action ........................................ 374 IM ..................................................................... 515 List of reference measuring points .... 473
Follow-up buffer ........................................ 332 IM program .................................................. 515 List of shift notes ....................................... 473
Follow-up order .......................................... 375 Immediate Repairs .................................... 252 List of shift reports ................................... 473

678 679
Index Index

List of tasks .................................................. 473 Maintenance planning and Material withdrawal .... 245, 401, 414, 416 Notification (Cont.)
List of vehicles ............................................ 473 control system ......................................... 79 Material withdrawal, unplanned ........ 236 catalog profile ....................................... 180
List variant ................................................... 610 Maintenance planning, Materials Management ................... 38, 661 classification .......................................... 184
Location .......................................................... 53 performance-based .............................. 459 Materials management .......................... 399 item ................................................... 164, 179
Location report ........................................... 488 Maintenance plant ...................................... 52 MCB ................................................................ 522 notification type ................ 173, 182, 379
Long text, multilingual ........................... 655 Maintenance strategy ... 34, 302, 328, 343, MDA ...................................................... 363, 458 paper ......................................................... 187
574, 659 MDM ..................................................... 448–450 print ........................................................... 187
M Maintenance task list type ..................... 306 Meantime between failures 씮 MTBF screen layout .......................................... 174
Manufacturer guidelines .......................... 30 Meantime between Repair ....................... 48 task .......................................... 164, 177, 180
Machine data acquisition 씮 MDA Manufacturer report ................................ 488 Meantime to Repair .................................... 48 technical completion
Maintenance ................................................. 31 Mass change ................... 135, 221, 314, 325 Measure ........................................................ 656 confirmation ..................................... 241
business factors ....................................... 27 Mass maintenance of linear data ........ 111 Measurement document transfer ..... 141 user status ............................................... 188
condition-based .......... 36, 301, 460, 559 Master data ........................................... 78, 449 Measurement reading ................... 138, 253 Notification creation ............................... 621
definition ................................................... 31 functions .................................................... 80 Measuring point .................... 137, 357, 361, Notification item ....................................... 179
economic factors .................................... 27 layout .......................................................... 79 629, 655 Notification paper ..................................... 187
performance-based ....................... 35, 301 recording .................................................... 80 MEB Workbench ........................................ 394 Number assignment
plant-specific ............................................ 55 Master data consolidation ..................... 449 MES ................................................................. 457 external ...................................... 76, 78, 655
preventive ............ 35, 170, 299, 336, 345 Master data harmonization .................. 449 MM ........................................................... 38, 399 internal ....................................... 76, 78, 655
project-based .......................................... 385 Master data maintenance ...................... 449 Mobile maintenance ..... 36, 542, 545, 547
reactive ....................................................... 35 Master data management ............ 449, 450 devices ...................................................... 547 O
reliability-based ...................................... 36 Master inspection characteristic ......... 366 offline scenario ..................................... 545
technological factors ............................ 28 Master record ................................................ 93 online scenario ...................................... 545 Object
time-based ........................................ 35, 301 delete ............................................................ 80 Mobile push alert ...................................... 555 assign class ............................................. 127
Maintenance assembly ......... 67, 112, 177, stored information ................................. 78 Monitoring of notifications ................. 446 classify ...................................................... 125
655, 668 Master warranty ......................................... 151 MRP ................................................................ 287 linear ......................................................... 108
Maintenance call object .......................... 324 Material .................... 67, 112, 166, 209, 217, MRP type ...................................................... 404 Object class report .................................... 488
Maintenance Cost Budgeting 씮 MCB 402, 498 MTBF ..................................................... 470, 497 Object information ...... 178, 189, 193, 655
Maintenance Event Builder ................. 386, material reservation ............................ 203 MTBR .............................................................. 501 Object link .................................... 67, 103, 143
392, 660 material type .......................................... 115 MTTR .............................................................. 501 Object list ............................................. 165, 210
process flow ............................................ 393 material where-used list .................... 206 Multiple counter plan .................... 304, 659 Object network .................................. 103, 104
resource view .......................................... 395 material withdrawal ........................... 235 basic .......................................................... 346 Object service ..................................... 146, 219
revision ..................................................... 394 non-stock material ............................... 204 enhanced ................................................. 349 Object statistics .......................................... 488
Maintenance item ........................... 302, 325 stock material ........................................ 203 Occupational health and safety .......... 419
Maintenance order, costs ....................... 422 user departments, views N OCI interface ............................................... 662
Maintenance package .................... 330, 331 and data .............................................. 116 Offset .............................................................. 333
Maintenance package hierarchy ......... 331 Material availability check ..................... 227 Network ............................................... 387, 660 OLAP ...................................................... 485, 486
Maintenance plan ....... 303, 316, 358, 370, Material BOM .................................... 413, 415 Network information system 씮 NIS OLTP ............................................................... 485
418, 573, 629 Material master ............. 113, 117, 284, 402 Network monitoring system ...... 457, 458 Online Analytical Processing 씮 OLAP
cost display for maintenance Material number ........................................ 114 Network scheduling ................................. 198 Online Transaction Processing 씮 OLTP
plan ....................................................... 325 Material planning ...................................... 206 NIS ................................................................... 461 Operating condition indicator ............ 410
maintenance plan category ... 304, 358 Material provision ..................................... 295 Notebook ...................................................... 547 Operating hours counter ....................... 140
maintenance plan scheduling ......... 573 Material requirements Notification .......... 163, 164, 172, 245, 249, Operation overview ................................. 208
multiple counter plan ...... 304, 346, 349 planning ......................................... 287, 403 305, 392, 442, 498, 629, 656 Operation selection .................................. 311
single cycle plan .......................... 304, 336 Material type ............................................... 114 action ........................................................ 180 Operation type ........................................... 347
strategy plan ....................... 304, 328, 342 Material Type for Spare Parts ............... 402 activity ..................................................... 164 Operations information
Material where-used list ......................... 123 catalog ...................................................... 180 system .............................................. 457, 460

680 681
Index Index

Operations monitoring system ........... 457 Order (Cont.) Person (Cont.) PP order ......................................................... 411
Order .... 163, 249, 305, 341, 371, 393, 442, settlement ...................................... 414, 431 responsible for executing .................. 443 PP planning board ........................... 409, 410
499, 629, 657 settlement rule ....................................... 166 Personal value list ..................................... 611 Preventive maintenance ....... 29, 170, 248,
address ...................................................... 190 suborder .................................................... 217 Personnel data entry 씮 PDE 299, 659
after-event recording .......................... 252 system status .......................................... 189 Personnel number .......................... 441–444 Price
assign network ...................................... 388 technical completion ........................... 242 confirmation list .......................... 443, 444 fixed ........................................................... 213
assign WBS element ............................. 387 user status ............................................... 189 Plan-driven procurement ...................... 454 variable ..................................................... 213
availability check .................................. 226 Order budgeting ......................................... 512 Planned repairs .......................................... 170 Print ....................................................... 187, 657
availability list ....................................... 230 Order document ........................................ 232 Planner group ................. 53, 152, 196, 316, output media ................................ 187, 233
bar chart ................................................... 202 Order hierarchy ................................ 217, 218 499, 668 printing
business completion ............................ 244 Order layout ................................................ 249 Planning ....................................................... 189 shop paper ............................................... 231
capacity requirements planning .... 222 Order operation ......................................... 195 Planning board ................................. 381, 409 Priority ................................................. 193, 656
CATS ........................................................... 239 Order release ............................................... 230 Planning group report ............................ 488 Process control system ................... 36, 172,
completion .................................... 237, 251 Order service specification .................... 278 Planning plant ............................................... 52 362, 457
confirmation ................................ 237, 444 Order settlement ....................................... 432 Plant ........................................................ 52, 498 Process Control System 씮 PCS
content of orders .................................. 194 Organizational structure .......................... 51 maintenance plant ................................. 52 Processing time ................................ 597, 642
costing ...................................................... 211 Overall completion planning plant ......................................... 52 Product structure browser .................... 130
costs ........................................................... 166 confirmation ................................ 240, 251 spare parts storage ................................. 55 Production order .................... 411–414, 418
create ............................................... 190, 394 Overhead rate .............................................. 431 Plant data collection 씮 PDC Production Planning ............................... 663
document ................................................. 209 Plant maintenance Production Planning and Control 씮 PP
estimated costs ...................................... 211 P Business Functions ................................. 41 Production resources/tools ........ 166, 208,
inspection rounds ....................... 355, 359 costs ........................................................... 301 217, 308
mass change ................................. 221, 325 Packaging material ................................... 406 cross-plant ................................................. 55 Programming ............................................. 631
material availability check ............... 227 Paging ................................................... 548, 656 SAP releases ............................................... 37 Project definition ...................................... 386
material list ............................................. 166 Partner ................... 153, 177, 184, 189, 499, Plant maintenance controlling Project System ............................................ 667
material planning ................................ 203 655, 656 씮 Controlling Project System 씮 PS
material withdrawal ........................... 235 external ..................................................... 153 Plant maintenance information system Project-based maintenance .................. 385
network graphic .................................... 202 internal ..................................................... 153 씮 PM-IS PS ..................................................... 38, 386, 518
object information ............................... 189 transfer ...................................................... 185 Plant sec. (plant section) ........................ 668 PSA .................................................................. 495
object list ........................................ 165, 210 Partner determination procedure ..... 153, Plant section .................................................. 53 Purchase order .... 245, 266, 269, 278, 292,
operation ................................................. 165 441, 442 PM/PS reference element ...................... 389 295, 402, 455
order budget ........................................... 512 Partner role ........................ 57, 153, 185, 442 PM-IS ........................ 485, 488, 490, 493, 668 Purchase requisition ............ 205, 243, 245,
order hierarchy ...................................... 217 Partner type ................................................. 153 PM-PCS interface ................... 363, 459, 659, 266, 269, 278, 292, 294, 399, 402, 455
order operation ..................................... 195 Parts catalog, electronic .......................... 532 663, 666 Purchasing ................................... 38, 399, 661
order settlement .................................... 193 Party ................................... 197, 440, 442, 443 Pool Asset Management ........................ 377 Purchasing document ............................. 402
order type .................. 193, 233, 267, 282, PCS ............................................................ 36, 362 Pool asset management
316, 371 PDA .................................................................. 547 confirmation .......................................... 382 Q
overall completion PDC ............................................... 363, 458, 663 issue ........................................................... 383
confirmation ........................... 240, 251 PDE .................................................................. 458 planning board ..................................... 381 QM ............................................................ 38, 418
partners .................................................... 189 PDM ................................................................... 38 process flow ............................................ 378 Quality Management ....................... 38, 664
permit ........................................................ 216 Period accruals ........................................... 434 reservation .............................................. 381 Quality management .............................. 418
production resource/tool ........ 166, 208 Permit ................................ 154, 216, 655, 657 settlement ............................................... 384 Query ............................................................. 498
reference object ..................................... 189 Persistent Staging Area 씮 PSA Pool category .............................................. 384 Quick View ................................................... 540
refurbishment ........................................ 287 Person Position management ............................... 99 QuickViewer ................................................ 480
release ....................................................... 230 as work center .......................................... 57 Position number .......................................... 87 keyword search ..................................... 481
responsibility .......................................... 196 group ........................................................... 57 PP .............................................................. 38, 408

682 683
Index Index

QuickViewer (Cont.) Role menu .................................................... 608 SAP NetWeaver ............................................. 42 Selection variant ........................................ 474
limit ............................................................ 484 Routing .......................................................... 413 SAP NetWeaver MDM ............................. 464 Self-descriptiveness ................................. 593
table determination ............................ 480 SAP PLM ........................................................... 39 Serial number .... 52, 67, 92, 280, 283, 297,
S SAP Predictive Maintenance 406, 660
R and Service ............................................. 578 Serial number history ............................. 407
Safety measure list .................................... 420 alert list .................................................... 580 Serial number profile ....................... 97, 297
Radio frequency identification 씮 RFID Safety plan .................................................... 420 machine list ............................................ 580 Service ........................................... 38, 445, 667
Rate ................................................................. 428 Sales ......................................................... 38, 445 machine monitor ................................. 580 Service acceptance ........................... 279, 401
Rate of capacity utilization ...................... 61 Sales and Distribution ............................. 667 vibration analysis ................................ 580 Service entry ............................ 279, 463, 465
RBM ................................................................... 36 Sales order .................................................... 446 SAP Product Lifecycle Management Service entry sheet ................................... 305
RE ....................................................................... 38 Sample master record .................... 276–278 씮 SAP PLM Service level agreement ......................... 446
Real Estate Management ....... 38, 437, 666 SAP ................................................................... 661 SAP Rounds Manager ..................... 550, 559 Service object .............................................. 446
Real estate object ....................................... 437 SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer ......... 48, SAP S/4HANA ............................................. 575 Service processing .................................... 446
Reference functional location ................ 66, 534, 536 SAP SCM ........................................................... 39 Service specification ............. 266, 400, 463
81, 89 SAP Asset Intelligence Network ........... 581 SAP Screen Personas ................................ 621 Service specifications .............................. 659
Reference object .............................. 177, 189 SAP Business Client ............... 131, 253, 557 SAP SRM ........................................ 39, 448, 454 Settlement ................................................... 384
Refurbishment .............. 280, 292, 401, 660 SAP Business Suite ...................................... 39 SAP Supplier Relationship fixed price ................................................ 435
costs ........................................................... 291 SAP Business Warehouse ....................... 494 Management 씮 SAP SRM full settlement ........................................ 434
flow ............................................................. 281 SAP BusinessObjects Lumira ................ 506 SAP Supply Chain Management periodic ..................................................... 434
material .................................................... 289 SAP BW ........................................ 494, 506, 522 씮 SAP SCM result .......................................................... 435
notification ............................................. 282 SAP CRM .......................................................... 39 SAP Work Manager .......................... 545, 550 Settlement by amount ............................ 434
order ....................................... 287, 415, 418 SAP Customer Relationship 3D model .................................................. 557 Settlement cost element ........................ 432
order type ................................................ 283 Management 씮 SAP CRM GIS Integration ...................................... 555 Settlement profile ..................................... 432
settlement ................................................ 291 SAP EarlyWatch .......................................... 492 iPad ............................................................ 553 Settlement rule .... 166, 427, 433, 434, 447
RE-FX .............................................................. 666 SAP Easy Document Management ..... 144 iPhone .............................................. 552, 556 Settlement type ......................................... 433
Relationships .............................................. 201 SAP EHS Management ............................. 419 local layout ............................................. 552 Shift factor .......................................... 318, 331
Release, automatic .................................... 231 SAP ERP Corporate Services .................... 38 timesheet ................................................. 556 Shift note ...................................................... 256
Reliability-Based Maintenance 씮 RBM SAP ERP Financials ...................................... 38 SCADA ........................................... 36, 362, 459 Shift report .......................................... 256, 260
Remote function call 씮 RFC SAP ERP Procurement and Logistics .... 38 Scheduling ...... 60, 193, 198, 217, 339, 350 Shop paper
Reorder point planning .......................... 403 SAP ERP Product Development and basic date ....................................... 200, 207 printing ............................................ 187, 231
Repair ............................................................... 32 Manufacturing ......................................... 38 indicator ............................... 317, 331, 343 Short text, multilingual .......................... 655
Repairable spare ........................................ 283 SAP ERP Sales and Service ........................ 38 lead time scheduling ........................... 198 Side panel ........................................................ 48
Repetition factor ........................................ 351 SAP Fiori ........................................................ 537 list ............................................................... 321 Single cycle plan ..................... 304, 354, 659
Requirements of internal SAP HANA ........................................... 531, 569 log ............................................................... 324 performance-based .............................. 336
processing ................................................. 61 for EAM ..................................................... 573 measurement document ................... 340 time-based ............................................... 315
Reservation .................... 203, 230, 235, 244, integrated scenario .............................. 573 network scheduling ............................. 198 SMART Administration Tool ................ 551
381, 399 side-by-side scenario ........................... 573 parameters ....... 317, 329, 331, 338, 347 Smartphone ................................................. 547
Restart ............................................................ 334 SAP industry solutions .............................. 39 scheduling type ..................................... 200 Solution database ..................................... 446
Restart costs .................................................. 30 SAP Inventory Manager .......................... 555 Scheduling overview ............................... 327 Source of data ............................................. 135
Results recording ............................ 372, 418 SAP List Viewer ........................................... 472 Scheduling period ............................ 319, 331 Spare part ............................................ 411, 535
Returns processing ................................... 446 further processing ................................ 478 Scrap yard ....................................................... 85 Spare part class code ................................ 286
RFC .................................................................. 458 list display ................................................ 477 Screen control ............................................... 86 Spare part production
RFID ................................................................. 566 monitor ..................................................... 477 Screen layout .............................................. 193 production order .................................. 413
RM-INST .......................................................... 37 selection option ..................................... 475 Screen template ......................................... 168 refurbishment order ............................ 415
Role ................................................ 47, 498, 608 selection variant ................................... 474 SD ....................................................................... 38 Spare parts management ....................... 402
SAP Master Data Governance ............... 450 Segmentation, dynamic ......................... 109 Standard class ............................................. 128

684 685
Index Index

Standard report ................................ 488, 668 Technical system structure (Cont.) Transaction (Cont.) Transaction (Cont.)
Start in cycle ...................................... 334, 344 linear .......................................................... 110 CS15 ............................................................ 123 IL04 ............................................................... 89
Start-start relationship ............................ 201 rough ........................................................... 69 CT04 ................................................. 124, 336 IL05 ........................ 91, 111, 129, 135, 472
Statistics ........................................................ 503 Test/measurement equipment .......... 418, CV01N ....................................................... 143 IL06 ............................................................ 472
Status .... 214, 220, 227, 230, 231, 242, 244, 625, 660 CV04N ....................................................... 143 IL07 ..................................................... 96, 110
371, 374, 394, 407, 433 Time confirmation 씮 Confirmation F-43 ............................................................. 422 IL15 .............................................................. 472
automatic assignment ....................... 159 Time leveling ............................................... 444 FB60 .......................................................... 422 IM01 ........................................................... 516
several ....................................................... 158 Time recording ........................................... 239 IA01 ................................................... 306, 366 IM11 ............................................................ 516
status profile ....................... 157, 173, 193 Timesheet ..................................................... 556 IA05 .................................................. 306, 366 IM32 ........................................................... 516
system status ............................... 156, 189 TM ...................................................................... 38 IA06 ........................................................... 415 IN04 ........................................................... 103
user status .................. 156, 188, 189, 656 Tolerance ............................................ 318, 331 IA08 ........................................................... 473 IN07 ............................................................ 103
Stock overview .................................... 99, 296 Top-down budgeting ................................ 524 IA09 ........................................................... 473 IN15 ............................................................. 473
Strategy plan ......... 304, 328, 342, 343, 659 Training ......................................................... 600 IA11 ............................................................. 306 IN16 ............................................................ 473
Structure indicator ..................................... 76 Transaction IA16 ............................................................ 313 IN18 ............................................................ 473
Structure level .............................................. 71 AC03 ........................................................... 276 IA21 ............................................................. 312 IN18/19 ...................................................... 104
Structuring of technical systems .......... 65 ADPMPS ................................ 388, 390–392 IB01 ............................................................ 120 IN19 ............................................................ 473
criteria ......................................................... 71 ADSUBCON .................................... 294, 296 IB11 ............................................................. 120 IP10 ....................... 316, 334, 344, 348, 352
depth ............................................................ 68 analysis ..................................................... 159 IBIP ................................................................ 79 IP11 ..................................................... 328, 343
Structuring resources ......................... 66, 68 AS01 ............................................................ 425 IBIPA .......................................................... 324 IP11Z .................................................. 346, 350
Structuring technical systems AS03 ........................................................... 424 IE01 ............................................................ 108 IP15 .................................................... 325, 473
resources .................................................... 81 BAPI ............................................................ 627 IE02 ..................................... 95, 96, 127, 336 IP16 ............................................................. 473
Subcontracting ................................. 291, 402 BGM1 .......................................................... 151 IE05 ................................ 111, 129, 135, 472 IP17 .................................................... 325, 473
Subcontracting monitor ........................ 294 BGM3 ......................................................... 151 IE20 ............................................................ 129 IP18 ............................................................. 473
Suborder ....................................................... 217 CA01 ........................................................... 413 IE36 ............................................................ 473 IP19 ............................................................. 327
Suitability for individualization .......... 595 CA77 ............................................................ 314 IE37 ............................................................. 473 IP24 ............................................................. 473
Suitability for learning ............................ 595 CA87 ........................................................... 314 IE4N .............................................................. 98 IP30 ................................................... 322, 573
Suitability for the task ............................. 593 CAT2 ................................................. 239, 443 IH01 .................................... 83, 91, 110, 130 IP30H ......................................................... 573
Supplier relationship ............................... 454 CAT9 ........................................................... 240 IH03 ........................................................... 130 IP31 ............................................................. 325
Supplier Relationship CC04 ........................................................... 130 IH04 ........................................................... 122 IP41 .................................................... 315, 338
Management .......................................... 662 CJ01 ............................................................. 519 IH06 ........................................................... 129 IP42 .................................................... 330, 343
Switch Framework ............................. 40, 532 CJ06 ............................................................ 386 IH07 ........................................................... 472 IP43 .................................................... 346, 351
System availability .................. 29, 176, 241 CJ11 .................................................... 386, 519 IH08 .................................................. 129, 472 IPM2 ........................................................... 473
System monitor ......................................... 551 CJ30 ............................................................ 519 IH09 ........................................................... 473 IPM3 ........................................................... 473
Systems for entry of services CL02 ........................................................... 125 IK07 ............................................................ 473 IQ08 .................................................. 129, 473
performed ............................................... 457 CL20 ........................................................... 128 IK07R ......................................................... 473 IR01 ..................................................... 58, 440
CL20N ........................................................ 127 IK08 ........................................................... 473 IR02 ............................................................ 440
T CL30N ........................................................ 128 IK08R ........................................................ 473 ISHN1 ......................................................... 257
CL6B ........................................................... 129 IK11 ............................................................. 337 ISHN4 ............................................... 259, 473
Table control ............................................... 612 CM01 .......................................................... 224 IK17 ............................................................. 473 ISHR1 .......................................................... 260
Task ................................................................. 241 CM21 .................................................... 88, 410 IK18 ............................................................ 473 ISHR4 ................................................ 261, 473
Task list ......... 206, 302, 305, 316, 328, 329, CN21 ............................................................ 387 IK81 ............................................................ 112 IW21 ................................................... 172, 379
343, 350, 366, 536, 629 CO01 ................................................. 411, 413 IK82 ............................................................ 112 IW22 ........................................................... 242
Task list transfer ........................................ 311 CO11 ............................................................ 417 IK83 ............................................................ 112 IW24 ........................................................... 172
Task list usage ............................................... 59 CO15 ............................................................ 414 IL01 ............................................... 83, 84, 108 IW26 ........................................................... 172
Technical system structure CO1F ............................................................ 414 IL02 ..................................................... 95, 336 IW28 .................................................. 191, 473
detailed ....................................................... 69 CS01 ......................................... 120, 413, 415 IL03 ............................................................ 439 IW29 ........................................................... 473

686 687
Index Index

Transaction (Cont.) Transaction (Cont.) Transaction (Cont.) Vendor (Cont.)

IW31 .............. 45, 192, 293, 310, 356, 517, MCI5 ........................................................... 488 SQ01 ........................................................... 484 data exchange ....................................... 454
532, 615 MCI6 ........................................................... 488 SQVI ........................................................... 480 invoice ....................................................... 423
IW32 .......... 219, 229, 231, 242, 243, 245, MCI7 ........................................................... 488 SU01 ........................................................... 549 portal ......................................................... 464
310, 387, 388, 532 MCI8 ........................................................... 488 SU3 ............................................................. 605 Voice picking system ............................... 547
IW36 ........................................................... 217 MD04 ......................................................... 285 SWDD ........................................................ 633
IW37 ............................................................ 473 ME21N ........................................................ 402 SXDA ......................................................... 127 W
IW37N ........................................................ 473 ME51N ........................................................ 402 WPS1 .......................................................... 392
IW38 .. 220, 221, 229, 231, 234, 243, 473 MEW10 ...................................................... 465 Transaction variant .................................. 615 Warehouse cockpit ................................... 623
IW39 ........................................................... 473 MIGO ........... 98, 235, 236, 269, 289, 414, Transfer ......................................................... 556 Warehouse Management ................ 38, 662
IW3D .......................................................... 234 416, 417 Tuning measure ........................................ 635 Warranty .............................................. 150, 655
IW3K ................................................. 473, 532 MIRO ................................................ 271, 488 counter-dependent .............................. 151
IW3L ........................................................... 473 ML10 ........................................................... 276 U customer warranty .............................. 150
IW3M ......................................................... 473 ML12 ........................................................... 276 for the technical object ...................... 152
IW41 ............................... 238, 273, 417, 443 ML33 ........................................................... 277 UI Editor ........................................................ 622 manufacturer warranty .................... 150
IW42 .......... 240, 242, 243, 273, 354, 359, ML39 ........................................................... 277 Upstream transaction ............................. 625 master warranty ................................... 151
416, 443 ML45 ........................................................... 277 Usability ........................... 591, 597, 601, 604 vendor warranty ................................... 150
IW44 ........................................ 239, 273, 443 ML81N ........................................................ 279 Usability period ......................................... 656 Warranty counter ...................................... 151
IW47 ........................................................... 473 MM02 ........................................................ 127 Usability study ........................................... 634 Warranty management .......................... 446
IW48 ........................................ 239, 273, 443 MMBE .......................................................... 99 Usage decision .................................. 373, 418 WBS element .................. 386, 516, 518, 660
IW49 ........................................................... 473 N15/16 ........................................................ 104 Usage history ................................................. 96 Web interface .............................................. 628
IW49N ........................................................ 473 OLI5N ......................................................... 213 User acceptance ................................ 598, 601 Web template .............................................. 498
IW64 ........................................................... 473 PAM01 ....................................................... 384 User Interface Editor 씮 UI Editor WM ..................................................................... 38
IW65 ........................................................... 473 PAM02 ....................................................... 384 User parameter ................................. 605, 606 Work center ........ 53, 57, 87, 152, 196, 266,
IW66 ........................................................... 473 PAM03 ....................................................... 380 273, 316, 408, 409, 440, 659
IW67 ........................................................... 473 PFCG ........................................................... 608 V basic data ................................................... 58
IW68 ........................................................... 473 PW61 ........................................................... 444 creating ....................................................... 58
IW69 ........................................................... 473 QA11 ............................................................ 373 Valuation category ................................... 284 default value ............................................. 59
IW81 .................................................. 287, 415 QDV1 .......................................................... 369 Valuation type ................................... 284, 415 main .............................................................. 87
IW8W ......................................................... 416 QE17 ............................................................ 372 Value category ........................................... 214 number ........................................................ 58
KGI2 .................................................. 431, 433 QE51N ......................................................... 372 Value list, personal ................................... 611 performing ................................................. 57
KGI4 ................................................. 431, 433 QS21 ............................................................ 366 Vehicle scheduling ................................... 380 responsible ....................................... 57, 409
KL01 ............................................................ 428 QS23 ............................................................ 366 Vendor Work center selection ............................. 312
KO22 ........................................................... 512 QS41 ............................................................ 181 connection .............................................. 465 Workflow ...................................................... 632
KO88 .................... 412, 414, 417, 426, 435 REISCOLIBD ............................................. 440 data ........................................................... 656 Workflow Builder ...................................... 633
KO8G ......................................................... 435 S_ALR_87012824 .................................... 517 Workshop ........................................................ 57
KP06 .......................................................... 514 S_ALR_87013557 .................................... 521
KP26 ..................... 213, 273, 384, 429, 514 S_ALR_87013611 ........................... 436, 515
KP46 ........................................................... 514 SE93 ............................................................ 485
KPZ2 ........................................................... 514 SFP ............................................................... 263
LSMW ........................................................... 79 SFW5 ............................................. 39, 40, 532
MC=E .......................................................... 493 SHN1 ........................................................... 257
MCI1 ........................................................... 488 SHN4 ................................................ 259, 473
MCI2 ........................................................... 488 SHN5 ........................................................... 259
MCI3 ........................................................... 488 SHR1 ............................................................ 260
MCI4 ........................................................... 488 SHR4 ................................................. 261, 473

688 689
 First-hand knowledge.

Dr. Karl Liebstückel is a professor of information manage-

ment and business software at the Würzburg-Schweinfurt
University of Applied Sciences, Germany. He was the chair-
man of the German SAP User Group (DSAG) for five years
and led its Plant Maintenance and Service Management
work group for eight years.

Karl Liebstückel
Plant Maintenance with SAP: Business User
Guide
689 Pages, 2017, $79.95 We hope you have enjoyed this reading sample. You may recommend
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