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    Lec 26 PDF

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    Ghazy alshyal
    The document discusses mixing index and standard deviation calculations for a mixing experiment. Specifically: 1. A silty soil was mixed with 10% tracer material for 3 minutes, after which 12 samples were taken and analyzed for tracer concentration. 2. The mixing index (IP) and standard deviation (S) were calculated based on the sample concentrations. 3. Mixing index calculations are discussed for both granular solids and pastes, with equations provided to determine the index at different stages of mixing.

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    Lec 26 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Ghazy alshyal
    196 views3 pages
    The document discusses mixing index and standard deviation calculations for a mixing experiment. Specifically: 1. A silty soil was mixed with 10% tracer material for 3 minutes, after which 12 samples were taken and analyzed for tracer concentration. 2. The mixing index (IP) and standard deviation (S) were calculated based on the sample concentrations. 3. Mixing index calculations are discussed for both granular solids and pastes, with equations provided to determine the index at different stages of mixing.

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    The document discusses mixing index and standard deviation calculations for a mixing experiment. Specifically: 1. A silty soil was mixed with 10% tracer material for 3 minutes, after which 12 samples were taken and analyzed for tracer concentration. 2. The mixing index (IP) and standard deviation (S) were calculated based on the sample concentrations. 3. Mixing index calculations are discussed for both granular solids and pastes, with equations provided to determine the index at different stages of mixing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    196 views3 pages

    Lec 26 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Ghazy alshyal
    The document discusses mixing index and standard deviation calculations for a mixing experiment. Specifically: 1. A silty soil was mixed with 10% tracer material for 3 minutes, after which 12 samples were taken and analyzed for tracer concentration. 2. The mixing index (IP) and standard deviation (S) were calculated based on the sample concentrations. 3. Mixing index calculations are discussed for both granular solids and pastes, with equations provided to determine the index at different stages of mixing.

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    Unit OperatiOn

    Ex: A silty soil containing (14%) moisture was mixed in a large


    muller mixer with (10% wt) of a tracer consisting of dextrose
    and picric acid . After 3min. of mixing 12 random samples were
    taken from mix and analyzed colorimetrically for tracer
    material . The measured concentrations in the samples were in
    weight percent tracer .
    10.24 , 9.3 , 7.94 , 10.24 , 11.08 , 10.03 , 11.91 , 9.72 , 9.2 ,
    10.76 , 10.97 , 10.55 . Calculate the mixing index (IP) , and the
    standard deviation (S) ?
    Solution :
    For this test
    µ=0.1 ,N=12
    ∑ . . ⋯ .
    ̅= = = 10.16%

    . ( . )( )
    =
    . ( . ∗ . )

    =28.8
    The standard deviation from eq. (*) is 0.0104, which is 10.2% of
    ̅.
    Mixing of dry powders
    1. Mixing index in blending granular solids (Is)
    With granular solids the mixing index is based , not on
    conditions at zero mixing , but on the standard deviation that
    would be observed with a completely random , fully blended
    mixture .

    ( )
    = (1)

    Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014


    Unit OperatiOn
    For granular solids , the mixing index (Is) is defined as (σe/S)

    ( )
    = = ∑ ̅)
    (2)
    (

    Where :
    Is = mixing index for granular soilds .
    = equilibrium value for complete mixing of granular solids .
    = true a verage number fraction of tracer particles .

    n = number of particles in spot samples .

    2. Mixing index at zero time


    The equilibrium standard deviation for complete mixing ( ) is
    used as a reference with granular solids . With pastes the
    reference in the standard deviation at zero mixing . Mixing
    index at zero mixing time for granular solids is :

    , = = ----------(3)
    √

    3. Rate of mixing
    For short mixing time the rate of change of Is is directly
    proportional to ( 1 – Is ) or

    = (1 − ) -------------(4)

    k = constant

    Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014


    Unit OperatiOn
    The equilibrium value of (Is) is 1 ; therefore the driving force for
    mixing at any time can be considered to be ( 1 – Is ) .

    ∫ dt = ∫
    ,

    ,
    t = ln( )

    sub. for , =
    √

    √
    t = ln( ) ------------(5)

    Eq.(5) can be used to calculate the time required for any desired
    degree of mixing , provided k is known and unblending forces
    are not active .

    Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014

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