The document discusses mixing index and standard deviation calculations for a mixing experiment. Specifically:
1. A silty soil was mixed with 10% tracer material for 3 minutes, after which 12 samples were taken and analyzed for tracer concentration.
2. The mixing index (IP) and standard deviation (S) were calculated based on the sample concentrations.
3. Mixing index calculations are discussed for both granular solids and pastes, with equations provided to determine the index at different stages of mixing.
The document discusses mixing index and standard deviation calculations for a mixing experiment. Specifically:
1. A silty soil was mixed with 10% tracer material for 3 minutes, after which 12 samples were taken and analyzed for tracer concentration.
2. The mixing index (IP) and standard deviation (S) were calculated based on the sample concentrations.
3. Mixing index calculations are discussed for both granular solids and pastes, with equations provided to determine the index at different stages of mixing.
The document discusses mixing index and standard deviation calculations for a mixing experiment. Specifically:
1. A silty soil was mixed with 10% tracer material for 3 minutes, after which 12 samples were taken and analyzed for tracer concentration.
2. The mixing index (IP) and standard deviation (S) were calculated based on the sample concentrations.
3. Mixing index calculations are discussed for both granular solids and pastes, with equations provided to determine the index at different stages of mixing.
The document discusses mixing index and standard deviation calculations for a mixing experiment. Specifically:
1. A silty soil was mixed with 10% tracer material for 3 minutes, after which 12 samples were taken and analyzed for tracer concentration.
2. The mixing index (IP) and standard deviation (S) were calculated based on the sample concentrations.
3. Mixing index calculations are discussed for both granular solids and pastes, with equations provided to determine the index at different stages of mixing.
Ex: A silty soil containing (14%) moisture was mixed in a large
muller mixer with (10% wt) of a tracer consisting of dextrose and picric acid . After 3min. of mixing 12 random samples were taken from mix and analyzed colorimetrically for tracer material . The measured concentrations in the samples were in weight percent tracer . 10.24 , 9.3 , 7.94 , 10.24 , 11.08 , 10.03 , 11.91 , 9.72 , 9.2 , 10.76 , 10.97 , 10.55 . Calculate the mixing index (IP) , and the standard deviation (S) ? Solution : For this test µ=0.1 ,N=12 ∑ . . ⋯ . ̅= = = 10.16%
. ( . )( ) = . ( . ∗ . )
=28.8 The standard deviation from eq. (*) is 0.0104, which is 10.2% of ̅. Mixing of dry powders 1. Mixing index in blending granular solids (Is) With granular solids the mixing index is based , not on conditions at zero mixing , but on the standard deviation that would be observed with a completely random , fully blended mixture .
( ) = (1)
Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014
Unit OperatiOn For granular solids , the mixing index (Is) is defined as (σe/S)
( ) = = ∑ ̅) (2) (
Where : Is = mixing index for granular soilds . = equilibrium value for complete mixing of granular solids . = true a verage number fraction of tracer particles .
n = number of particles in spot samples .
2. Mixing index at zero time
The equilibrium standard deviation for complete mixing ( ) is used as a reference with granular solids . With pastes the reference in the standard deviation at zero mixing . Mixing index at zero mixing time for granular solids is :
, = = ----------(3) √
3. Rate of mixing For short mixing time the rate of change of Is is directly proportional to ( 1 – Is ) or
= (1 − ) -------------(4)
k = constant
Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014
Unit OperatiOn The equilibrium value of (Is) is 1 ; therefore the driving force for mixing at any time can be considered to be ( 1 – Is ) .
∫ dt = ∫ ,
, t = ln( )
sub. for , = √
√ t = ln( ) ------------(5)
Eq.(5) can be used to calculate the time required for any desired degree of mixing , provided k is known and unblending forces are not active .
