Designation: D 113 – 99 American Association 3.

Significance and Use

State 3.1 This test method provides one measure of
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T51 tensile properties
Standard Test Method for of bituminous materials and may be used to
measure
Ductility of Bituminous ductility for specification requirements.
Materials1 4. Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 113; the 4.1 Mold—The mold shall be similar in design to
number immediately following the designation indicates the year that
of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last shown in Fig. 1. The mold shall be made of brass,
revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last the ends b
reapproval. A and b8 being known as clips, and the parts a and
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last
revision or reapproval. a8 as sides of
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the the mold. The dimensions of the assembled mold
Department of Defense. shall be as
1. Scope shown in Fig. 1 with the permissible variations
1.1 The ductility of a bituminous material is indicated.
measured by 4.2 Water Bath—The water bath shall be
the distance to which it will elongate before maintained at the
breaking when two specified test temperature, varying not more than
ends of a briquet specimen of the material, of the 0.18°F
form (0.1°C) from this temperature. The volume of
described in Section 4, are pulled apart at a water shall be
specified speed and not less than 10 L, and the specimen shall be
at a specified temperature. Unless otherwise immersed to a
specified, the test depth of not less than 10 cm and shall be
shall be made at a temperature of 25 6 0.5°C and supported on a
with a speed perforated shelf not less than 5 cm from the
of 5 cm/min 6 5.0 %. At other temperatures the bottom of the bath.
speed should 4.3 Testing Machine—For pulling the briquet of
be specified. bituminous
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all material apart, any apparatus may be used which
of the is so
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It constructed that the specimen will be continuously
is the immersed
responsibility of the user of this standard to in water as specified in 5.3, while the two clips are
establish appropriate pulled apart
safety and health practices and determine the at a uniform speed, as specified, without undue
applicability vibration.
of regulatory limitations prior to use. 4.4 Thermometer—Athermometer having a range
2. Referenced Documents as shown
2.1 ASTM Standards: below and conforming to the requirements
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias prescribed in
Statements Specification E 1 (Note 1).
for Test Methods for Construction Materials2 Temperature Range ASTM Thermometer No.
D 5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous −8 to 32°C 63C
Materials3 NOTE 1—In those cases where the ductility specimens are
aged in the
D 1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air standard penetration bath at 25°C, the thermometer as
on Asphaltic prescribed for Test
Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)3 Method D 5 may be substituted in place of the above.
D 2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on 5. Procedure
a Moving 5.1 Assemble the mold on a brass plate.
Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)3 Thoroughly coat the
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers4 surface of the plate and interior surfaces of the
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for sides a and a8,
Testing Purposes5
Fig. 1, of the mold with a thin layer of a mixture for a period of from 30 to 40 min and then place it
of glycerin in the water
and dextrin, talc, or kaolin (china clay) to prevent bath maintained at the specified temperature of
the material test for 30 min;
under test from sticking. The plate upon which the then cut off the excess bitumen with a hot
mold is straightedged putty
placed shall be perfectly flat and level so that the knife or spatula to make the mold just level full.
bottom 5.2 Keeping Specimen at Standard Temperature—
surface of the mold will be in contact throughout. Place the
Carefully brass plate and mold, with briquet specimen, in
heat the sample to prevent local overheating until the water bath
it has become and keep at the specified temperature for a period
sufficiently fluid to pour. Strain the melted sample of from 85
through a to 95 min. Then remove the briquet from the plate,
300-μm sieve conforming to Specification E 11. detach the
After a thorough side pieces, and immediately test the briquet.
stirring, pour it into the mold. In filling the mold, 5.3 Testing—Attach the rings at each end of the
take clips to the
care not to disarrange the parts and thus distort the pins or hooks in the testing machine and pull the
briquet. In two clips apart
filling, pour the material in a thin stream back and at a uniform speed as specified until the briquet
forth from ruptures. A
end to end of the mold until the mold is more than variation of 65 % from the speed specified will be
level full. permissible.
Let the mold containing the material cool to room Measure the distance in centimetres through
temperature which the clips
1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D- have been pulled to produce rupture. While the
4 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of test is being
Subcommittee D04.44 on made, the water in the tank of the testing machine
Rheological Tests. shall cover
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1999. Published May 1999.
Originally the specimen both above and below it by at least
published as D 113 – 21 T. Last previous edition D 113 – 2.5 cm and
86(1992). shall be kept continuously at the temperature
2 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
specified within
4 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. 0.5°C.
5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
6. Report
1 6.1 A normal test is one in which the material
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. between the
for a two clips pulls out to a point or thread until
rupture occurs at
the point where the thread has practically no
cross-sectional
area. Report the average of three normal tests as
the ductility of
the sample.
6.2 If the bituminous material comes in contact
with the
surface of the water or the bottom of the bath, the
test shall not
be considered normal. Adjust the specific gravity
of the bath by
the addition of either methyl alcohol or sodium
chloride so that
the bituminous material neither comes to the
surface of the
water, nor touches the bottom of the bath at any of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible
time during the technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
test. if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments
are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional
6.3 If a normal test is not obtainable on three tests, standards
report the and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.
Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of
ductility as being unobtainable under the the
conditions of the test. responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you
7. Precision feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you
should
7.1 Criteria for judging the acceptability of make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,
ductility test at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr
results at 25°C obtained by this test method are Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
shown in Fig. 2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this
2. standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
NOTE 2—The precision statement for ductility, as presented address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or
in Fig. 2, is [email protected] (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
based on tests performed on asphalt cements. The precision (www.astm.org).
of tests on
residues, such as those obtained by Test Methods D 1754
and D 2872,
have not been established.
NOTE 3—The numbers plotted in Fig. 2 represent the (1S)
and (D2S)
limits for single operator precision and multilaboratory
precision as

described in Practice C 670.

NOTE 4—Insufficient data are available to properly define
precision at
15.6°C. However, analysis of data resulting from tests by
13 laboratories
on one asphalt for which the average ductility test result
was 45 cm shows
a multi-laboratory precision (D2S) of 23 cm.
8. Keywords
8.1 ductility; ductility mold; ductilometer
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in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that
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