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Eosinophil Count For normal adrenal function: second eosinophil count is atleast
50% less than the first count (because there is a temporary

1. State the diagnostic importance of Eosinophil Count increase of ACTH)
- Hypoadrenalism (Addison's): increase
Hyperadrenalism (Cushing's): decrease
2. State the principle of the test.
• Counting Chamber
1) Neubauer - not recommended for eosiophil count due to small 3. Identify the reagents and materials used in the procedure.
volume ; uses the same procedure for WBC count except for blood Whole blood anticoagulated with EDTA or heparin
drawn Phloxine
Principle: The number of eosinophil can be accurately determined WBC Pipet
directly by counting in a hemocytometer. Whole blood is diluted hemocytometer
by a use of a special diluting fluid that stains eosinophils and microscope
hemolyzes RBCs and other leukocytes leaving only eosinophils in
contact. 4. Explain the procedure of Eosinophil Count
Procedure: 1. Draw well mixed anticoagulated blood to the 1 mark of the
Vol of blood drawn is up to 1 mark WBC Thoma pipet.
Allow to stand RT for 20 mins 2. Wipe the outside portion of the pipet.
Count in 9 squares 3. Draw the diluting fluid (phloxine) to the 11 mark.
Should be counted within 30 mins after dilution 4. mix for 10 minutes using a pipetter shaker
(to prevent disintegration) 5. expel the first 4 drops and charge to both sides of the counting
chamber
2) Fuchs-Rosenthal - with 2 counting areas 6. allow the cells to settle for at least 3 minutes before counting
3) Speirs-Levy - with 4 counting areas 7. count the eosinophils in the entire ruled area of both sides of the
hemocytometer (9 large squares)
• Thorn's Test / Eosinophil Depression Test 8. get the average count and compute for the absolute counting
- asses normal adrenal cortical function eosinophil/mm³ = (no. of eosinophil counted / 9) x 100
- affects both eosiphils and basophils
Principle: 5. Identify the potential sources of errors.
Procedure: Wrong dilution
Px is on a fasting state from 8:00 pm Contaminated diluting fluid
Determine baseline eosinophil count early the next mornkng Can't recognize eosinophil
Inject 25mg of ACTH Technical errors
Determine eosiophil count after 4 hrs
Interpretation: 6. Identify the conditions that may yield abnormal Eosinophil
Count results.
Parasitic infections A. Clot Method
Allergic reaxtions 1. Collect 10mL venous blood from the patient and allow the
Leukemia blood to coagulate
2. Macerate the clot and serum with the use of applicator sticks or
7. Identify the standard reference value. let the clot pass through a wire sieve.
150-300/mm³ of blood 3. collect the macerations and transfer to several Wintrobe tubes.
Incubate the tubes for 1 hour in a water bath at 37C.
4. Centrifuge the tubes at 3500 rpm for 30 minutes.
D-Dimer Test 5. Carefully remove the serum and transfer the buffy coat near the
1. State the diagnostic importance of D-Dimer Test end of each glass slide.
2. State the principle of the test. 6. Smear, dry, and stain the Wright’s stain.
3. Identify the reagents and materials used in the procedure. 7. Examine stained smears microscopically for the presence of LE
4. Explain the procedure of D-Dimer Test Cells.
5. Identify the potential sources of errors.
6. Explain the pathophysiology of DIC. B. Rotary or Defibrinated Method
7. What are the diseases or conditions that can cause DIC? 1. Place 10 mL of freshly collected venous blood into an
erlenmeyer flash with glass beads.
2. rotate the flask in figure of 8 motion for at least 30 minutes.
Lupus Erythematosus Cell Preparation 3. Remove the glass beads.
1. Give the clinical significance of LE Cell. 4. Transfer the rotated and defibrinated blood into several
- to diagnose SLE wintrobe tubes and incubate in a water bath at 37C for 1 hour.
Discoid LE – skin lesions with scaling folicular plugging 5. Centrifuge the tubes at 3500 rpm for 30 minutes. Carefully
Systemic LE – facial erythema, rheumatic arthritis, remove the serum and transfer a drop of buffy coat near one end
photosensitivity; molar rash, reynaud’s phenomenon of each slide and smear.
6. Let the blood smear dry and stain with Wright’s stain.
7. Examine stained smear under the microscope for the presence
2. State the principle of the test. of LE Cells.
Cells are damaged to allow liberation of nuclei from cells. Nuclear
antibodies present in the serum bind to the liberated nuclear mass
facilitating phagocytosis of neutrophils. Upon incubation at 37C,
neutrophils ingest the liberated nuclei. The whole blood is then
centrifuged and the buffy coat is smeared and microscopically
examined for the presence of neutrophils with phagocytized
homogenous nuclear mass.
3. Explain the procedure on LE cell preparation.

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Eosinophil Count For normal adrenal function: second eosinophil count is atleast

50% less than the first count (because there is a temporary

3. Explain the procedure on LE cell preparation.

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