Name : ……………………………………………………………

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Roll No. : ……………………………………………..…………..
Invigilator’s Signature : ………………………………………..
CS/MBA (NEW)/SEM-3(FT)/MB-301/2011-12
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2011
MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks : 70
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The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words
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as far as practicable.

GROUP – A
( Multiple Choice Type Questions )
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1. Choose the correct alternatives for any ten of the

following : 10 × 1 = 10

i) Fixed costs are those costs that

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a) remain constant on a per unit basis

b) remain constant at all activity levels

c) vary on per unit basis

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d) both (b) & (c).

ii) The advertising expenditure incurred for the

a c.

introduction of a new product is

a) committed cost b) discretionary cost

c) conversion cost d) opportunity cost.

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iii) A job order cost sheet normally does not contain which
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of the following ?

a) Direct materials

b) Direct labour
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c) Actual factory overhead

d) Applied factory overhead.

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iv) Which of the following costs is irrelevant to a decision to
accept or reject an order ?

a) replacement costs b) opportunity costs

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c) unavoidable costs d) out of pocket costs.

v) Which of the following would not be used in job order

costing ?
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a) Standards

b) Averaging of direct labour and material rate

c) Direct costing
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d) Factory overhead allocation based on direct labour

hours applied to the job.

vi) Anamita Company has sales of Rs. 2,00,000 with

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variable expenses of Rs. 1,50,000, fixed expenses of Rs.

60,000, and an operating loss of Rs. 10,000. By how
much would the company have to increase its sales in
a c.

order to achieve an operating income of 10% of sales ?

a) Rs. 4,00,000 b) Rs. 2,51,000

c) Rs. 2,31,000 d) Rs. 2,00,000.

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vii) A company’s net income recently increased by 30%

while its inventory increased to equal a full year’s sales
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requirements. Which of the following accounting
methods would be most likely to produce the favourable
income results ?
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a) Absorption costing b) Direct costing

c) Variable costing d) Standard costing.

viii) An imputed cost is

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a) a cost that requires expenditure of cash

b) a cost that may be shifted to the future with little

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or no effect on current operations

c) a cost that cannot be avoided because it has

already been incurred

d) a cost that does not entail any rupee outlay but

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which is relevant to the decision-making process.

ix) Which of the following is the most appropriate basis for

applying overhead costs in a capital intensive industry ?
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a) direct labour hours b) machine hours

c) units produced d) direct labour costs.

x) Under direct-costing method, which of the following is

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included in inventory costs ?

a) prime cost and all conversion costs

b) direct material cost, direct labour cost but not

a c.

factory overhead cost

c) direct material cost, direct labour cost and variable

factory overhead cost

d) manufacturing cost.
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xi) When by-products are consumed by the same firm as

raw materials, the cost can be allocated to the product
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on the basis of
a) sunk cost b) opportunity cost
c) standard cost d) marginal cost.
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xii) The total sales of AB Ltd. at 70% level of capacity is
Rs. 1,40,000. The sale price per unit is Rs. 20. The
variable cost per unit is Rs. 8 and total fixed cost is
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Rs. 50,000. The net profit of the company at 80% level
is
a) Rs. 46,000 b) Rs. 40,000
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c) Rs. 38,880 d) Rs. 37,400.

GROUP – B
( Short Answer Type Questions )
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Answer any three of the following. 3 × 5 = 15

2. Marginal costing is a technique useful to the management of

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a company. It this context, briefly discuss how the managers

would recognize the value of marginal cost for profit planning

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cost control, decision making, etc.

3. Briefly explain the causes of under or over absorption of

a c.

overhead expenses and the manner in which such under or

over absorption is dealt with.

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4. The process of grouping costs according to their common

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characteristics is called cost classification. The classification

of overhead costs depends on the type and size of business,

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nature of product or service rendered and the management

policy. In this context, briefly discuss the functional

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classification of overhead costs.

5. A contractor has to supply 10000 ball-bearings per day to an

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automobile company. The cost of holding a bearing in stock

for one year is 2 paisa and the set up cost of production run

is Rs. 18. Contractor finds that when he starts a production

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run, he can produce 15000 ball-bearings per day. Assume

300 working days in a year. You are required to ascertain :

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i) What should be the optimum size for ball-bearing

manufacture ?
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ii) What should be the number of optimum set up per

annum ?
a c.

iii) What should be the interval between two consecutive

production runs ?
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6. The operating results of Precision Instruments Ltd. and

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Capital Industries Ltd. during the year 2010-2011 are given

below. The managing directors of the 2 companies have

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taken decision to merge their plants.

Precision Capital
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Particulars Instruments Industries
Ltd. Ltd.
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Capacity Utilization 80% 70%

Sales ( Rs. in lakhs ) 720 770

Variable cost ( Rs. in lakhs ) 576 539

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Fixed costs ( Rs. in lakhs ) 120 240

It is assumed that the proposal has been implemented.

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You are required to compute the

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a) Break-even sales of the merged plant and capacity

utilization at that stage

a c.

b) Profitability of the merged plant at 90% level of capacity

utilization.
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GROUP – C
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( Long Answer Type Questions )
Answer any three of the following. 3 × 15 = 45

7. a) Write down the concepts of Horizontal Analysis and

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Vertical Analysis with illustrations. 5
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b) From the following information supplied by Fruity Co.

Ltd., prepare a Proprietors Fund Statement as on

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31st December, 2011 : 10

Current Ratio 1·6 Fixed Assets to Net Worth

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0·75

Liquid Margin 1·15 Reserve to Net Worth 1/6

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Gross Profit Margin 25% Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio

1·5
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Stock turnover ratio 6 times Debtors velocity 3 months

Capital gearing ratio 3·8 Sales for the year

a c.

Rs. 3,60,000

[ ( Equity share capital + Reserves ) / Pref. Share Capital ]

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8. a) Briefly describe the application of CVP ( Cost-Volume-

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Profit ) analysis in various situations.

b) What is process costing ? Briefly discuss the main

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features of process costing.
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c) Briefly discuss the various causes of arising labour

efficiency variance. 4+6+5

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9. The following information is obtained from the Annual Report

for the month ending March, 31, 2011 :

Balance Sheets of Symphony Co Ltd.

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( Rs. in crores )
Liabilities 31.3.2010 31.3.2011 Assets 31.3.2010 31.3.2011
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Equity share capital 300 450 Fixed Assets ( Net ) 400 580

10% Red Pref. Share 100 50 Investments 60 40

Capital

Profit & Loss A/c 150 300 Stock 65 275

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Term Loan 125 — Debtors 240 160

Sundry Creditors 125 175 Bills Receivables 45 35

Other current 20 75 Cash & Bank 48 60

liabilities
a c.

Proposed Dividend 30 45 Prepaid Expenses 12 6

Provision for Taxation 40 75 Preliminary 20 14

Expenses
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890 1170 890 1170

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Additional Information :
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a) Equity shares were issued at a premium of 15%
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b) On 31. 03. 2010 accumulated depreciation on fixed

assets amounted to Rs 140 crores and on 31. 03. 2011

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Rs. 165 crores.

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c) A plant costing Rs. 50 crores, accumulated depreciation

thereon being Rs. 20 crores was discarded and written

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off.
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d) An old furniture costing Rs. 10 crores with an

accumulated depreciation of Rs. 6 crores was sold for

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Rs. 6 crores.
a c.

You are required to prepare a Cash Flow Statement ( as per

AS3 ) as at 31st March 2011 of Symphony Co. Ltd.

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10. Delta Company Ltd. has the production capacity of 1,00,000

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units per annum. The expenses, profit and selling price for
production at 40,000 units for the year ended are furnished
below :
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Per unit
( Rs. )
Material 20 ( 100% variable )
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Labour 12 ( 100% variable )
Supervisor’s salary 4 ( 100% fixed )
Other expenses in factory 6 ( 40% fixed )
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Overall administrative expenses 4 ( 100% fixed )

Selling and Distribution expenses 5 ( 60% fixed )
Total cost 51
Profit 19
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Selling price 70

The semi-fixed expenses remain constant up to 75% level of

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capacity and will increase by Rs. 10,000 per annum for every
increase of 10% of capacity utilization or part thereof. Market
survey shows that selling price will have to be reduced as
under with the increase in capacity utilization :
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Reduction in price required over the price

Capacity utilization
at 40% capacity utilization
60% to 80% 10%
a c.

Above 80% 15%

Prepare a flexible budget at 70%, 90% and 100% level of

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capacities inclusive of profit and cost per unit at each level.

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11. Write short notes on any three of the following : 3×5

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a) Cash pool

b) Return on investment
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c) Variance analysis
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d) Activity based costing

e) Relevant costs
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f) Total cost management.

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a c.
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