Functions of Arts

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FUNCTIONS OF ARTS

Engage Does art always have a function? If artwork did not have any function, will it remain art?
Explore Tell whether it is art or not.

1. San Juanico Bridge 2. Urinal 3. A King’s Chair

Explain

Art can be generally classified into two; the directly functional and indirectly functional art.
Directly Functional art refers to art that we use in our daily lives such as tools, architectural
structures, roads, bridges, buildings, furniture, kitchen utensils, coins, bills, dress, weapons, etc.
On the other hand, indirectly functional art refers to the arts that are "perceived through the
senses such as fine arts, painting. music, sculpture, dance, literary piece, theatrical
performances, music and the like. We do not use these arts literally to live and survive, but they
accompany us in expressing ourselves. We have utilized indirectly functional art not just to
communicate but to advance our society, to preserve and document relevant events and
details of our culture. This art is basically used to inform, educate and entertain people. It is
there to transform us into better human beings. Both directly functional art and indirectly
functional art cross each path and tend to change roles or fuse purposes.

There are also functional artworks that the sole purpose is for function, either decorative or for
a specific purpose, but the designs incorporated made the decorative art transcends from its
basic form to a highly artistic form of art. The example on the right illustrates how the directly
functional and indirectly-functional arts cross boundaries. In figure 3.1, a chair was used by the
artist as a canvass. The artist transforms the function of a chair into a symbolic object, a
representation of something which eventually becomes a medium to symbolize seat of power,
knowledge, education, statuses, etc.

What made Art relevant is its grasp towards the needs of the humankind. Art "serves basic
human needs". To fully understand this, we will look into the purpose of Art. According to
Ariola, artistic functions can be classified into four: aesthetic, utilitarian, social and cultural.

Aesthetic function An artwork functions aesthetically when it becomes instrumental for man to
be cognizant of the beauty of nature and where the real feelings of joy and appreciation to
nature's beauty are manifested through appreciation and enjoyment when in contact with the
artwork.
Utilitarian function Art is serving this function when it is utilized to give comfort, convenience, and
happiness to human beings. It is used to serve basic needs such as food, shelter, clothing, medicine,
comfortable environment, transportation, entertainment, communication, and expression, and other
important things that make man live with happiness and ease.

Social function When the art bridges connection among people, it serves a social function. Art
here encourages good relationship-unity and cooperation are being facilitated and established.
With this, people become more understanding and sympathetic that would somehow create a
better society.

Cultural function Art serves as an aperture towards skills, knowledge, attitudes, customs, and
traditions of different groups of people. The Art helps, preserves, share, and transmits culture
of people from one generation to another.

Conclusion
Art is both directly and indirectly functional. Functional arts provide us with ease and comfort in
living with our everyday lives. While, non-functional arts are basically used to inform, educate,
and entertain people.

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