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    Process Instrumentation and Control and Safety Aspects: Production of LPG From Natural Gas

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    saur1
    Instrumentation and safety controls are essential for efficiently operating a natural gas production facility. Sensors monitor various process variables like temperature, pressure, and chemical composition. Automatic controls allow a small number of operators to oversee large plants. Centralized control rooms help operators monitor all process variables and quickly identify any issues. Safety measures include carefully inspecting flange connections for leaks and installing gas detectors to optimize leak detection.

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    Process Instrumentation and Control and Safety Aspects: Production of LPG From Natural Gas

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    saur1
    17 views2 pages
    Instrumentation and safety controls are essential for efficiently operating a natural gas production facility. Sensors monitor various process variables like temperature, pressure, and chemical composition. Automatic controls allow a small number of operators to oversee large plants. Centralized control rooms help operators monitor all process variables and quickly identify any issues. Safety measures include carefully inspecting flange connections for leaks and installing gas detectors to optimize leak detection.

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    chemical engineeting project

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    c6

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    Instrumentation and safety controls are essential for efficiently operating a natural gas production facility. Sensors monitor various process variables like temperature, pressure, and chemical composition. Automatic controls allow a small number of operators to oversee large plants. Centralized control rooms help operators monitor all process variables and quickly identify any issues. Safety measures include carefully inspecting flange connections for leaks and installing gas detectors to optimize leak detection.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    17 views2 pages

    Process Instrumentation and Control and Safety Aspects: Production of LPG From Natural Gas

    Uploaded by

    saur1
    Instrumentation and safety controls are essential for efficiently operating a natural gas production facility. Sensors monitor various process variables like temperature, pressure, and chemical composition. Automatic controls allow a small number of operators to oversee large plants. Centralized control rooms help operators monitor all process variables and quickly identify any issues. Safety measures include carefully inspecting flange connections for leaks and installing gas detectors to optimize leak detection.

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    Production of LPG From Natural Gas

    CHAPTER 6

    PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL


    AND SAFETY ASPECTS

    It has been said truly that a modern refinery could not be operated efficiently and
    economically without automatic control and recording devices. Flow rates, temperatures
    and pressures must be maintained continuously and with very small variations at so many
    points in a plant that only an army of men could do the work, and not very well at that
    Instruments make it possible to operate so large and intricate a refinery plant with only
    three or four men on a shift and always to have a complete and faithful performance record
    available.

    A list of the more important of such devices reads something like this: Flow and
    liquid level controllers, indicators and recorders, gage glasses, pressure gages, recorders
    and controllers, back-pressure controllers, and temperature recorders and controllers.
    Temperatures can be determined in any necessary part of any equipment through the
    installation of thermocouples, the lead wires of which end in a single panel of the
    instrument board. Thermometers, installed in wells, give local temperatures. Pressure relief
    valves are employed to safeguard the equipment against overpressures. All but the locally
    mounted instruments have their indicating and recording parts installed on an instrument
    board, often centrally located near the pumps.

    125
    Production of LPG From Natural Gas

    Instrumentation

    Instruments are used in the chemical industry to measure process variables, such as
    temperature, pressure, density, viscosity, specific heat, conductivity, pH, humidity, dew
    point, liquid level, flow rate, chemical composition, and moisture content. Automatic
    control is the norm throughout the chemical industry, and the resultant savings in labor
    combined with improved ease and efficiency of operations has more than offset the added
    expense for instrumentation. (In most cases, control is achieved through the use of high-
    speed computers. In this capacity, the computer serves as a vital tool in the operation of the
    plant.) Effective utilization of the many instruments employed in a chemical process is
    achieved through centralized control, whereby one centrally located control room is used
    for the indication, recording, and regulation of the process variables. Panel boards have
    been developed which present a graphical representation of the process and have the
    instrument controls and indicators mounted at the appropriate locations in the overall
    process. This helps a new operator to quickly become familiar with the significance of the
    instrument readings, and rapid location of any operational variance is possible.

    Safety
    1. Take special care with all flange faces and any gasket connections. Carefully
    examine all the flanges on vessels. Be ready to re-machine some flange faces to
    ensure perfect surface finish.
    2. Conduct complete unit leak tests with water and with nitrogen. Correct even the
    smallest leaks before start-up.
    3. Install H2S and hydrocarbon sensors around the perimeter and at key points within
    the unit to optimize leak detection.

    126

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