Project Proposal Title: Boost Converter

Project Proposal
Title: Boost converter
Group members:
 Saqib Aman
 Asghar Amir
 Faran Ahmad
 Muhammad Imran
Section:
5th B
Submitted to:
Engr Saqib Riaz
Date:
12/ DEC / 2018
Boost Converter
Introduction to Boost converter
A Boost converter is a switch mode DC to DC converter in which the output
voltage is greater than the input voltage. It is also called as step up converter. The
name step up converter comes from the fact that analogous to step up transformer
the input voltage is stepped up to a level greater than the input voltage. By law of
conservation of energy the input power has to be equal to output power (assuming
no losses in the circuit).
Input power (Pin) = output power (Pout)
SinceVin < Vout in a boost converter, it follows then that the output current is less
than the input current. Therefore in boost converter
Vin < Vout and Iin >Iout
Principle of operation of Boost converter
The main working principle of boost converter is that the inductor in the input
circuit resists sudden variations in input current. When switch is OFF the inductor
stores energy in the form of magnetic energy and discharges it when switch is
closed. The capacitor in the output circuit is assumed large enough that the time
constant of RC circuit in the output stage is high. The large time constant
compared to switching period ensures a constant output voltage Vo(t) =
Vo(constant)
Basic Idea
Boost Converters are circuits that increase the output voltage of a DC source. They
do this by switching an inductor to charge and then by discharging it into a load.
Since inductors store currents, their discharge voltages are theoretically indefinite.
Basic Boost Converter Circuit. Source: Wikipedia. Public Domain Work

In the basic form of the circuit an inductor is used to store energy from the
power supply. A switch alternates rapidly, switching the inductor between
charging and discharging states. This provides intermittent but higher voltage
power to the load. A diode is used to keep any reactive elements in the load
from reversing current supplied by the inductor. I will break down the different
parts of the circuit and design each portion piece by piece.
Designing the Inductor Portion
Here I want to calculate charging times and maximum currents for this portion
of the circuit. I'm going to assume a 6V source, 4 AA batteries.
To make this a real circuit, I've decided to model my inductor off a cheap, off
the shelf inductor, I'm choosing this first, because an inductor will be the most
expensive component, so I want to design the circuit around it. The inductor I
choose was a 1.5 mH inductor with a maximum current of 160 mA. It costs
$0.85.
To meet the current constraint, I must use an appropriate resistance to keep

amperage down below 160 mA with a 6V DC source. Therefore no less than
37.5 Ω can be used. I'm going to use 50 Ω to be on the safe side.
Based on that constraint, I want to determine how long it will take for the circuit
to charge. It is generally agreed upon that 5 τ (time constants) is the time it takes
to fully charge any circuit. In the case of an LR circuit, like the one I'm
designing, τ = L/R. In this case Tau is 0.1857 ms. Therefor the switch must
switch on for 0.1857 ms and off for another 0.1857 ms.
Designing the Switch
No human can generate sub millisecond periods for a switch. Even if anyone
could, why would they want to? We need to use an automated switching
mechanism. For this I have chosen a BJT transistor, a voltage controlled current
amplifier. This type of component, too is cheap,
In the case of an NPN BJT a collector and emitter are used at the terminals of
the switch, alternating voltage at the base is used to turn the switch on and off
by bringing the transistor between saturation and cut-off modes.
This is good, but there's still something I need: a waveform generator. In this
simulation I'm using an idealized component, I need to make a real oscillator
Designing the Oscillator
To supply the BJT's base with a waveform, I'll use a cheap 555
based oscillator circuit.
Square wave generator
The core component of this circuit, the 555 timer

Components
 1 1.5 mH inductor:
 1 BJT NPN transistor:
 1 Diode:
 1 555 timer:
 1 1k Ω resistor:
 1 32 Ω resistor (in place of 40 Ω):
 1 27K Ω resistor:
 1 1M Ω resistor:
 1 1 uF Capacitor:
 2 0.01 uF Capacitors:
 1 Vector board:
 1 4 AA battery holder:
Circuit Diagram:
OR
We can also design this circuit by MOSFET like this as shown in the figure
Applications
 Automotive applications
 Power amplifier applications
 Adaptive control applications
 Battery power systems
 Consumer Electronics
 Communication Applications
Advantages
 Gives the high output voltage

 Low operating duty cycles
 Lower voltage on MOSFET

Project Proposal Title: Boost Converter

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Project Proposal Title: Boost Converter

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Project Proposal

Title: Boost converter

Basic Boost Converter Circuit. Source: Wikipedia. Public Domain Work

To meet the current constraint, I must use an appropriate resistance to keep

Square wave generator

The core component of this circuit, the 555 timer

 Gives the high output voltage

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