Types of Clutches
Types of Clutches
Types of Clutches
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Types of Clutches
Today we will discuss about types of clutches used in automobile industries.
In anautomobile, the engineproduces power and this power is carry to the
wheels by use of power train. The first element of this train is clutch. The
main function of the clutch is to engage and disengages the engine to the
wheel when the driver need or when shifting the gears. Basically clutch may
be classified as follow.
Types of Clutches:
These may classified as follow:
According to the
method of transmitting
torque:
1. Positive clutch (Dog
clutch):
In the positive clutch, grooves are cut either into the driving member or into
the driven member and some extracted parts are situated into both driving
and driven member. When the driver releases clutch pedal then these
extracted parts insert into grooves and both driving and driven shaft revolve
together. When he push the clutch pedal these extracted parts come out
from grooves and the engine shaft revolve itself without revolving
transmission shaft.
2. Friction clutch:
In this types of clutches, friction force is used to engage and disengage the
clutch. A friction plate is inserted between the driving member and the
driven member of clutch. When the driver releases the clutch pedal, the
driven member and driving member of clutch, comes in contact with each
other. A friction force works between these two parts. So when the driving
member revolves, it makes revolve the driven member of clutch and the
clutch is in engage position.
This type of clutch is subdivided into four types according to the design of
the clutch.
ALSO READ : CONTINUOUS VARIABLE TRANSMISSION
ALSO READ : TYPES OF GEARS BOX
3. Hydraulic clutch:
This clutch uses hydraulic fluid to transmit the torque. According to their
design, this clutch is subdivided into two types.
A.) Fluid coupling:
It is a hydraulic unit that replaces a clutch in a semi or fully automatic
clutch. In this type of clutch there is no mechanical connection between
driving member and driven member. A pump impeller is blotted on a driving
member and a turbine runner is bolted on the driven member. Both the
above unit is enclosed into single housing filled with a liquid. This liquid
serve as the torque transmitter form the impeller to the turbine. When the
driving member starts rotating then the impeller also rotates and through
the liquid outward by centrifugal action. This liquid then enters the turbine
runner and exerts a force on the runner blade. This make the runner as well
as the driven member rotate. The liquid from the runner then flows back into
the pump impeller, thus complete the circuit. It is not possible to disconnect
to the driving member to the driven member when the engine is running. So
the fluid coupling is not suitable for ordinary gear box. It is used with
automatic or semi-automatic gear box.
According to the
method of engaging
force:
1. Spring types clutch:
In this types of clutches, helical or diaphragm springs are used to exert a
pressure force on the pressure plate to engage the clutch. These springs are
situated between pressure plate and the cover. These springs are inserted
into compact position into the clutch. So when it is free to move between
these two members, it tends to expand. So it exert a pressure force on the
pressure plate thus it brings the clutch in engage position.
2. Centrifugal clutch:
As the name in the centrifugal clutch, centrifugal force is used to engage the
clutch. This type of clutch does not require any clutch pedal for operating the
clutch. The clutch is operated automatically depending upon engine speed. It
consist a weight pivoted on the fix member of clutch. When the engine
speed increase the weight fly of due to the centrifugal force, operating the
bell crank lever, which press the pressure plate. This makes the clutch
engage.
3. Semi-centrifugal clutch:
One big problem occur in centrifugal clutch is that they work sufficient
enough at higher speeds but at lower speed they don’t do their work
sufficiently. So the need of another type of clutch occurs, which can work at
higher speed as well as at lower speed. This type of clutch is known as semi-
centrifugal clutch. This type of clutch uses centrifugal force as well as spring
force for keeping it in engaged position. The springs are designed to
transmit the torque at normal speed, while the centrifugal force assists in
torque transmission at higher speeds.
4. Electro-magnetic clutch:
In the electromagnetic clutch electro-magnate is used to exert a pressure
force on pressure plate to make the clutch engage. In this type of clutch, the
driving plate or the driven plate is attached to the electric coil. When the
electricity is provide into these coils then the plate work as the magnate and
it attract another plate. So both plates join when the electricity provides and
the clutch is in engage position. When the driver cut the electricity, this
attraction force disappear, and the clutch is in disengage position.
According to the
method of control:
1. Manual clutch:
In this type, clutch is operate manually by the driven when he need or when
shifting the gear. This type of clutch uses some mechanical, hydraulical or
electrical mechanism to operate the clutch. All friction clutches are include in
it.
2. Automatic clutch:
This type of clutch used in modern vehicle. This clutch has self operated
mechanism which control the clutch when the vehicle need. Centrifugal
clutch, hydraulic torque converter and fluid coupling includes in it. This type
of clutch is always used with the automatic transmission box.
These are the main types of clutches used in automobile industries to
transmit power. So if you have any query, ask by commenting.
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6 Comments:
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1.
at 23:28
centrifugal clutch.
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3.
Wadippuliachige Pragnaratne14
Great. ....
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What is gear box what are main components of gear box What is clutch in
automobile what are main parts of clutch
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