Rigid Pavement Thesis 3
Rigid Pavement Thesis 3
Rigid Pavement Thesis 3
METHODOLOGY
Tandem axles
4 31.9
8 85.59 47.01
12 139.3 91.15
16 75.02 50.25 99.34
20 57.1 45 85.94
24 39.18 30.74 72.54 71.16
28 58.48 44.43 121.22 95.79
32 69.59 54.76 103.63 109.54
36 4.19 38.79 56.25 78.19
40 7.76 21.31 20.31
44 1.16 8.01 3.52
48 2.91 3.03
52 1.19 1.79
56 1.07
60 0.57
Table 3.4. Axle-Load distributions used for preparing design
Source: Robert G. Packard, Thickness Design for Concrete Highway and Street
Pavements , Portland Cement Association 1984, reprinted 1995.
3.3.5 Design traffic volume
DTV=ADTxTruck percentxDxLxGx365xY Equation 3.4
Where, DTV=design traffic volume
ADT= average daily traffic
D=direction distribution factor (0.5)
L= lane distribution factor (from figure… )
G= traffic growth rate multiplier
Y= design period
3.4 Modulus of Rupture
Among the properties of concrete, compressive strength is the mostly
used. As concrete is very good in compression, there is only few amount of damage in
concrete pavement due to compression. The most important property is the flexural
strength. Flexural strength is defined by the value of modulus of rupture (MR). At least
40kg/cm2(4 MPa) of MR is needed for concrete pavement. It is necessary to get 300
kg/cm2 (30 MPa) of 28-day compressive strength in order to achieve the required value of
MR.
Modulus of Rupture (MR) 28-day Compressive Strength
f՛c or fck
India practice 4 MPa (580 psi) 30MPa (4351 psi) or 37 MPa
Fb L2d d
Pb = Equation 3.8
12.5(Ld +1.5δ)
The purpose of the dowel bar is to effectively transfer the load between two
concrete slabs and to keep the two slabs in same height. The dowel bars are provided in
the direction of the traffic (longitudinal). The design considerations are;
Step 2 Find the load transfer capacities Ps, Pf , and Pb of single dowel bar with the Ld
Step 3 Assume load capacity of dowel bar is 40 percent wheel load, find the load capacity
factor f as,
0.4P 0.4P 0.4P
f max: = { , , } Equation 3.10
Ps Pf Pb
where, f=load capacity factor
P=Standard wheel load (8200kg)
Ps = the load transfer capacity of a single dowel bar in shear
In contrast to dowel bars, tie bars are not load transfer devices, but serve as a
means to tie two slabs. Hence, tie bars must be deformed or hooked and must be firmly
anchored into the concrete to function properly. They are smaller than dowel bars and
placed at large intervals. They are provided across longitudinal joints.
Step 1 Diameter and spacing: The diameter and the spacing is first found out by equating
the total sub-grade friction to the total tensile stress for a unit length (one meter). Hence
the area of steel per one meter in cm2 is given by:
bhWf
As = Equation 3.11
100Ss
Step 2 Length of the tie bar: Length of the tie bar is twice the length needed to develop
bond stress equal to the working tensile stress and is given by:
dS
Lt = 2S s Equation 3.12
b