NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS

International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]

PROF.AMOL B. GAIKWAD
(Guide) Dept. Mechanical Engineering Dr.D.Y.Patil School of Engineering, Lohgaon, Pune, India [email protected]

PROF.AMOL N. PATIL
(ME Co-ordinator) Dept. Mechanical Engineering Dr.D.Y.Patil School of Engineering, Lohgaon, Pune, India,
[email protected]

ABSTRACT:
Bumpers are structural components installed leads to automobile sector in recent automotive vehicle
to reduce physical damage to the front and rear ends model have a short zone for crash energy absorption one
of a light/heavy motor vehicle from low-speed of the reason to reducing energy consume by reduce the
collisions. Damage and protection assessments are the weight. so, the designer should be know that in order to
commonly used design criteria in bumper design. For minimize the weight, the safety of the car passenger must
damage assessment, the relative displacements not be ignore. A new idea in technology material was refer
representing stiffness performance are examined and polymeric based composite materials, which gives the high
crash test will be done. The purpose of a crash analysis stiffness so, its have low weight and corrosion resistive
is to see how the car will behave in a frontal or rear property, and it has ability to produce complex shapes,
collision. In this study impacts and collisions involving high specific strength, and high impact energy absorption.
a car bumper beam model are simulated and analyzed Adding polymeric based composite material in car
using Ls-Dyna software. The bumper should support components was successfully implemented for reducing
the mechanical components and the body. It must also the fuel and weight . The components in the automobile
withstand static and dynamic loads without undue industry by polymeric based composite materials are the
deflection or distortion. The given model is tested bumper beam, bumper fascia, spoiler, connecting rod,
under frontal collision conditions and the resultant pedal box system, and door inner panel. The car bumper
deformation and von-Misses stresses are determined. consists of three main element there are bumper beam,
The crash analysis simulation and results can be used bumper fascia and energy absorber. The automotive body
to assess both the crashworthiness of current bumper is critical system in automobile, and it having different
and to investigate the ways to improve the design. function functions. It should clamp the part together it
Different cross section designs used to determine the reducing the vibration and noise. So, it should protect its
performance of the bumper beam in crash test. The acessories when accidents happen. To do this designer
comparison of baseline design (C-section) with should modify a different structure with specific levels of
modified cross section designs of bumper beam are strength, stiffness, and energy absorption. The rate of
presented in the study. The suitable cross section is vehicle accidents are increases when number of vehicle
then suggested to improve the stiffness and coming in to the road. In many country rate of accident are
crashworthiness of the beam. This type of study same. It is calculated that 1.2 million people are killed in
methods are an integral part of the design cycle and road accident and nearly 50 million are injured in every
can reduce the need for costly destructive testing year. This minimized of road safety research is to reduce
program. the instant and improve the traffic of road . On this effect
KEYWORDS: Bumper, LS-dyna, CATIA, Hypermesh. reduce the impact at medium speeds (40 km/h to 56
km/h)considering rolling impact the design criteria should
I. INTRODUCTION: be improved . The automotive industry has always know
In recent days, in development of technology that the competitor aware its design and material usage .
mostly in engineering field the engineers more creative The bumper is a structural component of an automotive
and innovative in designing or creating new product. They vehicle which contributes to occupant protection during
always accurate and showing best result by implementing frontal impact and rear impact. The bumper of car
the desired product in this stratergy the engineer always protects the trunk, fuel, hood, cooling system and exhaust

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3, March-2017
as well as safety related equipments such as parking lights, IV. OBJECTIVE:
head lamps and taillights, etc. The aim of this work is to study front bumper of one of
the existing passenger car in Indian market (TATA INDICA)
II. PROBLEM STATEMENT: and suggest design Improvement in front bumper of a
Bumper beam is one of the key structures in passenger car using Impact Analysis such that the
passenger cars for which careful design and manufacturing following objective will be served.
is necessary. From the previous research and analysis of  To model and Simulate the existing Car bumper
bumper beam, basically they focus on material beam for the impact at the centre of the beam.
optimization and design. However, these analysis are  To use different cross section designs in
carried out by focusing on stress analysis on car bumper simulation to generate design parameters for
by applying various loads on static condition only. In real better impact attenuation bumpers.
situation, there is much point that bumper mounting to the  To Propose designs of a bumper beam that the
car which make it stronger or can absorb more energy impact energy of vehicles travelling at low speeds
during impact. For simulation, just take fixed points at both of 16 km/hr as per Standard FMVSS part 581
ends. The only fascia part of the bumper will take into (Federal Motor Vehicle safety standard)
account. The stiffness of the bumper beam should be  To Compare the existing design of the bumper
strong enough during low speed impact so that, the design with different cross section designs and modify
should not get deformed more and induced stress in the the crashworthiness.
beam should not beyond yield strength of material.
LITERATURE REVIEW:
III. METHODOLOGY: Javad Marzbanrad et.al, studied analysis of bumper with
different material with low modulus of elasticity and
thickness, shapes due to different impact condition in low
velocity as per the standard of E.C.E. and using high
strength of material effect on good behaviour due to
impact and use the aluminium material due to adding the
ribs the deflection are reduces.(1) M.S.A. Samad et.al,
concluded the experimental fatigue life and fatigue strain
of jounce bumper by using calcium carbonate with FEA
software. (2) M.M. Davoodi et.al, Analysed impact
property of composite material with different composite
geometrical shapes and focussed on the composite
material and resulted composite material has more
potential to use automotive structural component.(3)
Yasuhiro Matsui et.al, studied biomechanical
experiments using foam material to the cross member it
reducing the injury and determine the safety performance
and they use the TRL impactor for safety of car .(4) M.M.
Davoodi, et.al, Analysed the bumper beam with the
different material for the impact test with low speed and
high speed that design of bumper system specified with
safety regulation it verify the comprehensive information
to determine optimum design of bumper beam
development that result can be help for performing
functional analysis of the bumper beam determinant
variable.(5) L. Farkas et.al, Studied crashworthiness of car
bumper system find the optimal design using OPTIMUS
software.(6)

FIG 1: FLOW CHART

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3, March-2017

Fig : CAD model – Bumper beam system Fig.: Displacement contour plot for Bumper System

V. CONCLUSION:
The analysis of baseline bumper conclude that due to the
central impact force act on the bumper beam the
maximum von-misses stress induced it affects on the
accessories of the car and human health so,proposed
different crossection & as per the changing the c/s of
bumper and when the width of bumper increases also the
stiffness increases thats should minimizes the von-misses
stress safety hazards.

REFERENCES:
Fig.: Meshed model of bumper and Rigid wall
1) Javad Marzbanrad , “Design and analysis of an
automotive bumper beam in low-speed frontal
VI. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS:
DISPLACEMENT RESULTS: crashes” Thin-Walled Structures 47 (2009) 902–
The effect of impact loading on bumper beam 911.
system is investigated by comparing the displacement 2) M.S.A. Samad , “Durability of automotive jounce
between five different materials within model. The bumper” Materials and Design 32 (2011) 1001–
deflection contour plots are shown in the following 1005
pictures. 3) Yasuhiro Matsui, “Severity of vehicle bumper
location in vehicle-to-pedestrian impact
accidents” Forensic Science International 212
(2011) 205–209.
4) M.M. Davoodi, “Development process of new
bumper beam for passenger car: A review”
Materials and Design 40 (2012) 304–313.
5) L. Farkas , “Optimisation study of a vehicle
bumper subsystem with fuzzy parameters”
Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 32
(2012) 59–68.
6) M.M. Davoodi, et.al, “Concept selection of car
bumper beam with developed hybrid bio-
composite material” Materials and Design 32
(2011) 4857–4865.
Fig.: Vonmises stresses for baseline model
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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3, March-2017
7) M.M. Davoodi, et.al, “Development process of new
bumper beam for passenger car: A review”
Materials and Design 40 (2012) 304–313.
8) Giovanni Belingardi, “Geometrical optimization
of bumper beam profile made of pultruded
composite by numerical simulation” Composite
Structures 102 (2013) 217–225.
9) G.Belingardi“ Alternative lightweight materials
and component manufacturing technologies for
vehicle frontal bumper beam” Composite
Structures 120 (2015) 483–495.
10) T.Imthiyaz Ahamed, “Implementation of
Magneto-rheological dampers in bumpers of
Automobiles for reducing”.

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