Free Plan Small Cabinet
Free Plan Small Cabinet
Free Plan Small Cabinet
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Small Stand is
a Lesson in Curves
Cut joinery first, then saw the curves
B Y S T E P H E N H A M M E R
O
ne way to add interest to a case piece is to add a gentle curve to the
front plane. I wanted to explore this element of furniture making
while attending a 12-week class at the Center for Furniture Crafts-
manship in Rockport, Maine, so I designed and built this cherry cabinet, find-
ing ways to curve the door and drawers that did not require steam-bending or
veneering. The drawer fronts and the door frame are sawn out of thicker
stock, and the door panel is coopered to match that curve—methods well-
suited to the average small shop.
Arriving at a final design for a piece of furniture is often a laborious task.
However, a few preliminary steps made this process easier and more suc-
cessful. First, small thumbnail sketches allowed me to visualize the overall
form quickly and easily. The thumbnails led me to a curved-body design with
an overhanging top. Next, I drew the cabinet at quarter scale, where I set the
top height at 35 in., then determined the width of the piece.
The appearance of this cabinet depended upon the leg shape being correct.
I based the leg shape on the classical column, which curves slightly inward,
starting one-third up the column height. Called an entasis, this narrowing is
meant to keep the eye from thinking that the column is concave—an optical
A C A S E B O T T O M T H AT S TAY S P U T
Double stub tenons and tongue-and-groove joinery will keep the bottom panel flat and stable.
First, rout the mortises and Cut the tenons on the bottom Rout between the tenons to
grooves in the side assembly. panel. Transfer their layout di- form the wide tongue. Carefully
Move the router in the proper di- rectly from the mortised side as- mark the starting and stopping Test-fit the joinery. Trim the
rection, and the cutting force will sembly. Make the cheek and end points on the router-table fence. joints as necessary to eliminate
keep it pressed against its guide. cuts, then saw out the waste. any gaps between the panels.
Door
panel,
1
⁄2 in.
thick
Frame
tenons,
1 in. wide
by 1 in.
long
1 1⁄8 in.
1 1⁄4 in.
12 in. 14 in.
M AY / J U N E 2 0 0 3 73
C U R V E D D R AW E R F R O N T S
Groove,
1
⁄4 in. wide
by 3⁄16 in.
deep Sides and
back, 3⁄8 in.
thick
Side
Drawer
Drawer pull, 5⁄8 in.
front
thick by 1⁄2 in. wide by
2 in. long
Side is
Form is based screwed
on the curve into each
template. section.
all of the mortises. The fronts of the legs of the side panels to accommodate the inet’s front plane. I made a template first,
can be used as square reference surfaces tongue on the case bottom. large enough to hold the center point.
for the edge guide. With the mortises and grooves complete,
Nothing ruins work faster than a router it is time to cut and fit all of the double Make the back
gone awry, so move the router in the di- tenons and tongues. First, use a marking and assemble the cabinet
rection that keeps the fence pulled tightly knife to transfer the measurements for the Before the case can be assembled, you
against the leg. Plunge-cut the front and tenons directly from the mortises. Cut and must make the frame-and-panel back, cut
back of each mortise, then remove the dry-fit all of the joinery. If any of the shoul- a tongue around its outside edge and cut a
center material. Finally, take a pass through ders are not tight, use a chisel to pare them groove for it in the back of the case—in the
the entire mortise to clean up the sides. back, angling the shoulder inward so just bottom, in the legs and in the stretcher. An-
Next, cut 1⁄4-in. grooves into the bottom its edge meets the mating piece. other option would be to forgo the tongue
Finally, shape the front edge of the bot- and glue the back into a simple rabbet in
tom panel to the 301⁄4-in. radius of the cab- the back of the case.
Cut the tenons on the rails while the Curved fence to rout a curved groove. After
stock is square. Make the cheek cuts cutting and smoothing the curves in the rails,
first (left), then make the shoulder cuts use the curve template to make a curved fence
(above). for the router table. Keep the workpiece steady
on the table as you slide it along the fence.
76 FINE WOODWORKING
2. BEVEL AND GLUE THE STAVES
Use a sliding
bevel to transfer
the angle from
the clamping
form to the
jointer fence.
M AY / J U N E 2 0 0 3 77
COOPERED DOOR
(continued)
dovetails, I try to do as little paring as pos- block to set up the tablesaw for a stopped Be careful here: You must cut a curved
sible. It is important to mark accurately, groove in the sides of the drawers. Locate groove in the rails and a straight groove in
then cut right to the line. By the way, lay the runner for the bottom drawer first, the stiles, and the grooves must mate pre-
out the dovetails so that the groove for the placing the spacer block on the middle cisely at the corners. The groove in the
drawer bottom doesn’t hit any of the pins. frame member. After that drawer has been curved rails can be made on the router
With the dovetails cut, you can shape the hung, use the spacer to measure up from table, using a curved fence (see the bottom
drawer fronts. Rough-cut the shape on the top of it. For each of the runners, the right photo on p. 76).
the bandsaw, and then finish the work with front screw can be fixed, but the rear screw
a handplane and scraper. I like to curve the hole must be slotted to let the case side ex- Coopering the panel—The panel is
inside of the drawer front as well for a pand and contract. coopered to fit inside the shaped frame.
more refined look, although this means the Using the frame as your pattern, trace the
drawer bottom also must have a curved Cut the door joinery, curve on paper and build a simple clamp-
edge. After laying out the inside curve, use then add the curves ing form (see the drawing on p. 76). The
the bandsaw’s rip fence to make the cut As with the drawer fronts, the door curve is form curves outward, not inward, so you
(see the bottom photo on p. 75). Then use shaped after the joinery has been complet- can see if the visible glue joints are coming
the offcut as a sanding block. ed. Mill the rails and stiles thick enough to together properly.
Next, cut the groove in the front and the contain the curve, then mark out the curve Use the form to determine the size and
sides for the drawer bottom using a 1⁄4-in. and mortise-and-tenon joinery. Lay out the bevel angle for each piece, or stave. I wanted
bearing-guided slot cutter in the curved tenon shoulders on an angle that will meet the panel to be book-matched, so I re-
drawer front. Cut the drawer back short the stiles squarely. That way, the edges of sawed a board into two thinner pieces and
enough to let the bottom run under it. The the stiles can be square, and its mortises then cut three strips from each. I used a
grain must run across the width of the and groove will be easy to cut. The rail is combination of bandsaw, jointer and table-
drawer so that the bottom can expand where the joinery gets more complex. saw to mill the pieces to size and bevel
toward the back. Now you can cut the frame members to the edges, minimizing waste to maintain the
The drawers ride on runners that are rough shape on the bandsaw. The inside grain match between them.
screwed to the interior of the cabinet, so and outside of each rail can be shaped and Position the boards on the form to check
you’ll have to rout grooves into the sides of smoothed with the same techniques used the joints. If necessary, do some fine-tuning
the drawers. After the drawers have been on the drawer fronts. with a handplane to ensure the joints fit
assembled, use a spacer block to locate the When the curved frame is smooth and perfectly. You can glue up the entire panel
drawer runners. Then use the same spacer even, cut the grooves for the door panel. at once, using bar clamps to pull all of the
78 FINE WOODWORKING
pieces together and strap
clamps to keep them from
opening outward.
After the panel has been
glued up, smooth the
beveled surfaces to a fair
curve. Shape the panel us-
ing a handplane and a
scraper, then sand. After
sanding I used Abralon
pads up to 4,000 grit to give
With the concave side down, trim the panel Rabbet the curved edge. Use a good dado set and keep the it a polished look. Last, glue
to size. Use a sled for crosscutting, with the panel in contact with the table at the cutting point. The rabbet
up the door and bevel its
blade at its highest point. also may be cut on the router table.
edges to fit the opening.
Rare-earth magnets serve as door catches.
Bore a hole in the door and cabinet frames
to accommodate the magnet and a wood
plug above. With the magnet in place, bore
a larger hole for the plug to create a better
glue surface. Trim the plug flush and cover
it with a circle of leather, which gives the
door a soft stop.
Attach the door using high-quality butt
hinges mortised into the frame (see FWW
#159, pp. 52-57). I inset the door 1⁄8 in.,
making the necessary adjustment to the
hinge mortise on the door.
M AY / J U N E 2 0 0 3 79