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    Chapter 5 Problems

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    walt richards
    This document contains 27 questions about foundational concepts in forensic science and DNA analysis assigned as homework for an Introduction to Forensic Science course. The questions cover topics like DNA structure, DNA replication, transcription and translation, DNA fingerprinting techniques like RFLP analysis and STR analysis, probability calculations used in DNA analysis, and inheritance patterns of nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA.

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    Chapter 5 Problems

    Uploaded by

    walt richards
    274 views3 pages
    This document contains 27 questions about foundational concepts in forensic science and DNA analysis assigned as homework for an Introduction to Forensic Science course. The questions cover topics like DNA structure, DNA replication, transcription and translation, DNA fingerprinting techniques like RFLP analysis and STR analysis, probability calculations used in DNA analysis, and inheritance patterns of nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA.

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    This document contains 27 questions about foundational concepts in forensic science and DNA analysis assigned as homework for an Introduction to Forensic Science course. The questions cover topics like DNA structure, DNA replication, transcription and translation, DNA fingerprinting techniques like RFLP analysis and STR analysis, probability calculations used in DNA analysis, and inheritance patterns of nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    274 views3 pages

    Chapter 5 Problems

    Uploaded by

    walt richards
    This document contains 27 questions about foundational concepts in forensic science and DNA analysis assigned as homework for an Introduction to Forensic Science course. The questions cover topics like DNA structure, DNA replication, transcription and translation, DNA fingerprinting techniques like RFLP analysis and STR analysis, probability calculations used in DNA analysis, and inheritance patterns of nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    UC CHE 113 “INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC SCIENCE”

    CHAPTER FIVE: Assigned Homework Materials


    Professor James T. Spencer

    QUESTIONS FOR FURTHER PRACTICE AND MASTERY

    5.2. The genetic information within our DNA is used to create a(n)
    molecule in the nucleus which then moves to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
    5.3. A permanent alteration or change in the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA of an
    organism is called a(n) .
    5.4. In DNA, the base adenine always pairs with while guanine pairs with
    .
    5.5. Transcription is process that occurs within the nucleus and forms a
    molecule from a template
    5.6. DNA with different genetic information at the same locus are called
    5.7. The sequence of DNA nucleotides that provides the genetic information
    corresponding to a single characteristic is a .
    5.8. In the RFLP method of DNA fingerprinting, fragments of DNA created by the
    restriction enzyme can be separated according to their size by the technique called
    .
    5.9. The PCR technique is used for .
    5.10. A forensic scientist was conducting an genetic investigation and identified a
    satellite (STR sequence) on a chromosome and constructed the primer
    CTTGCTTGGAAAATTCCGTGGAC. What is the corresponding template DNA
    sequence?
    5.11. What are the limitations in the use of forensic DNA profiling?
    5.12. A nucleotide is composed of three units: ,
    , and a unit.
    5.13. Given the data below in Table 1, what is the probability that someone from China
    would have be homozygous for 7 repeats of the D13S317 STR fragment (have the
    same repeat number in both of their chromosomes)?
    (give answer in percent of population).

    Table 1. World distribution of the D13S317 STR fragments


    (from .uni-duesseldorf.de/WWW/MedFak/Serology/DNA-Systeme/d13s317.htm)
    Population 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
    Australia 0.0000 0.0016 0.1433 0.0609 0.0556 0.3211 0.2938 0.0883 0.0359 0.0016
    Germany 0.0000 0.0000 0.1500 0.0620 0.0650 0.2810 0.2920 0.0960 0.0540 0.0000
    US 0.0000 0.0000 0.1026 0.0762 0.0662 0.3377 0.2682 0.1093 0.0364 0.0330
    China 0.0053 0.0020 0.2713 0.1572 0.1372 0.2341 0.1556 0.0314 0.0059 0.0000

    5.14. Why are probability calculations so important in forensic applications of DNA


    fingerprinting.
    5.15. Provide a short definition for each of the following: (a) STR, (b) RFLP Analysis,
    (c) Mitochondrial DNA.
    5.16. The process of copying a portion of nuclear DNA to a mRNA molecule is referred
    to as .
    5.17. DNA is a(n)?
    (a) starch
    (b) enzyme
    (c) carbohydrate
    (d) nucleic acid
    (e) protein
    5.18. The basic building block in DNA, consisting of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base,
    is called a .
    5.19. In PCR, describe each of the following steps: (a) denaturation, (b) annealing, (c)
    extension, (d) replication, and (e) polymerization.
    5.20. DNA is a(n), (a) protein, (b) starch, (c) nucleic acid, (d) enzyme, (e) sugar?

    5.21. Below is shown a multiplex for 15 STR loci and the Amelogenin locus (sex
    locus). From this information, does the profile come from a male or female?
    .

    5.22. How many different nitrogen bases are used in the makeup of
    a DNA molecule?
    5.23. Given the forensic DNA pattern for a sample bloodstain found at a crime scene
    shown at right, which suspect cannot be eliminated from further consideration and
    why?
    5.24. Describe the pattern of inheritance of mitochondrial DNA.
    5.25. Why is STR analysis has replacing RFLP DNA typing?

    5.26. A permanent alteration or change in the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA of an


    organism is called a(n)
    a) transmigration
    b) transgenic shift
    c) mutation
    d) transmutation
    e) modification
    5.27. A forensic scientist was conducting a genetic investigation and identified a satellite
    (STR sequence) on a chromosome and constructed the primer CTTGCAA. What is
    the corresponding template DNA sequence?
    a) CTTGCAA
    b) GAACGTT
    c) TCCATGG
    d) TCCACAA
    e) none of the above

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