Bunagan Vs CFI
Bunagan Vs CFI
Bunagan Vs CFI
Facts:
On December 19, 1966, Dionisia Icong and her children filed a petition for the reconstitution of the original
certificate of title covering Lot 1660 of the Opon Cadastre in the name of "Antonio Ompad and Dionisia Icong,
spouses," and once reconstituted to cancel the same and another one issued in the name of “Dionisia Icong and the
Ompad siblings.
Espiritu Bunagan opposed the petition, upon the ground that he is the owner of the lot in question, having
bought the same from Guadalupe Lumongsod and Perpetua Inso, legitimate heirs of the late Antonio Ompad; and
that Dionisia Icong is merely a trustee of the lot in behalf of Antonio Ompad.
On April 22, 1967, the petitioners therein moved to dismiss the opposition, contending that the said
opposition constitute an adverse claim against the rights of Antonio Ompad and Dionisia Icong which cannot be
entertained by the cadastral court.
Issue:
Ruling: No
The reconstitution or reconstruction of a certificate of title literally and within the meaning of Republic Act No. 26
denotes restoration of the instrument which is supposed to have been lost or destroyed in its original form and
condition. The purpose of the reconstitution of any document, book or record is to have the same reproduced, after
observing the procedure prescribed by law, in the same form they were when the loss or destruction occurred.
If the certificate of title covering the lot was decreed in the form of "Antonio Ompad and Dionisia Icong," as in this
case, the reconstituted certificate of title should likewise be in the name of the owners as they appeared in the lost or
destroyed certificate of title sought to be reconstituted. Any change that should be made in the ownership of the
property should be the subject of a separate suit.
In the instant case, it appears that the petition filed on December 19, 1966 is not merely for the reconstitution of a
lost or destroyed certificate of title. Dionisia Icong and her children also wanted the correction of the name of the
owners of the lot from "Antonio Ompad and Dionisia Icong" to "spouses Antonio Ompad and Dionisia
Icong" which involves a material change in the certificate of title, a change which, not being consented to by the
herein petitioners whose interests are affected thereby, cannot be authorized under the summary proceedings for
reconstitution prescribed in Republic Act No. 26. A change of this nature raises an issue which should be ventilated
and decided in an ordinary civil action.