Front Non-Drive Steer Axles: All Meritor Conventional, Easy Steer Plus™ and MFS Series

Maintenance Manual 2
Front Non-Drive Steer Axles

All Meritor Conventional, Easy Steer Plus™ and MFS
Series
Revised 08-17
Service Notes
About This Manual If Tools and Supplies are Specified in

This manual provides maintenance and service information for the This Manual
Meritor conventional, Easy Steer Plus™ and MFS Series front Contact Meritor’s Commercial Vehicle Aftermarket at
non-drive steer axles. 888-725-9355.
SPX Service Solutions, 28635 Mound Road, Warren, Michigan,
Before You Begin 48092. Call the company’s customer service center at
1. Read and understand all instructions and procedures before 866-621-2128, or visit their website at servicesolutions.spx.com.
you begin to service components.
Tiger Tools. Call the company’s customer service center at
2. Read and observe all Warning and Caution hazard alert 800-661-4661, or visit their website at tigertool.com.
messages in this publication. They provide information that can
For Owatonna Tools, contact OTC Tool and Equipment Division, 655
help prevent serious personal injury, damage to components,
Eisenhower Drive, Owatonna, Minnesota, 55060.
or both.
Great Lakes Tool Specialties, 8530 M-89, Richland, Michigan,
3. Follow your company’s maintenance and service, installation,
49083. Call the company’s customer service center at
and diagnostics guidelines.
800-877-9618 or 616-629-9628.
4. Use special tools when required to help avoid serious personal
For Snap-On tools, contact your local Snap-On dealer.
injury and damage to components.
Hazard Alert Messages and Torque The Technology Maintenance Council

Symbols (TMC) of the American Trucking
Associations
WARNING For more information on total vehicle alignment, refer to
A Warning alerts you to an instruction or procedure that you Recommended Practice RP 642 included in the Recommended
must follow exactly to avoid serious personal injury and Practices Manual published by The Technology Maintenance Council
damage to components. (TMC) of the American Trucking Associations, Inc., 2200 Mill Road,
Alexandria, Virginia, 22314. You can contact TMC at
CAUTION 800-838-1763 or visit their website at www.trucking.org.
A Caution alerts you to an instruction or procedure that you
must follow exactly to avoid damage to components.
@ This symbol alerts you to tighten fasteners to a specified torque

value.
How to Obtain Additional Maintenance,

Service and Product Information
Visit Literature on Demand at meritor.com to access and order
additional information.
Contact the Meritor OnTrac™ Customer Call Center at
866-668-7221 (United States and Canada); 001-800-889-1834
(Mexico); or email [email protected].
Information contained in this publication was in effect at the time the publication was
approved for printing and is subject to change without notice or liability. Meritor Heavy
Vehicle Systems, LLC, reserves the right to revise the information presented or to
discontinue the production of parts described at any time.
Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

Contents
pg. 1 Section 1: Exploded Views pg. 34 Original or Used Fasteners Using Meritor Specification
Exploded View 2297-C-7049 Liquid Adhesive, Loctite 680 Adhesive
Axle with a Conventional Wheel End or Equivalent
3 MFS Axle with Bolt-On, Integrated Steering and Tie Rod Check the Torque Values of Dri-Loc Fasteners Not
Arm Assembly, and Conventional Wheel End Requiring Removal
5 Axle with a Unitized Wheel End 35 Inspection
Parts
7 Section 2: Introduction
38 Wheel Bearings
Description
39 Tie Rod Grease Fittings
Tie Rod Arm, Knuckle and King Pin
Steering Knuckle 40 Section 6: Assembly
Steering Arms Installation
8 Pitman Arm King Pin Bushings
Unitized Wheel End 42 Ream the King Pin Bushings
Tie Rod Assembly 43 Inner Knuckle Bore King Pin Seals
Cross Tube and Clamp Assembly 44 Knuckle to the Axle Beam
Tie Rod Ends 47 Check Steer Knuckle Vertical End Play
9 Identification 49 Draw Key Lock Nuts
50 King Pin Caps
12 Section 3: Inspection
51 Steering Arm
Inspection
52 Install the Tie Rod Ends Into the Cross Tube
Incompatibility of Wheel Separator Plates and Unitized
53 Tie Rod Arms, Tie Rod Ends and Cross Tube Assembly
Wheel Ends
54 Cross Tube and Tie Rod Ends
13 Inspect Parts
55 Replace the Studs on a Unitized Wheel End
Steering Knuckle Vertical End Play
58 Unitized Wheel End
15 Upper and Lower King Pin Bushings
59 Hubcaps
16 Unitized Wheel Ends
61 Drag Link
19 Tie Rod and Cross Tube Assembly
Brake Components and Wheel Ends
22 Department of Transportation Roadside Tie Rod Assembly
Replacement Criteria 62 Section 7: Adjustment
Inspection
23 Section 4: Disassembly
Inspection Before Alignment
Removal
Alignment
Wheel Ends
Front Wheel Alignment
25 Drag Link
63 Check and Adjust
Steering Arm
Wheel Bearings
26 Tie Rod Arms, Tie Rod Ends and Cross Tube
65 Adjustment
27 Draw Keys, King Pin Caps, King Pins and Steering Knuckle
Maximum Turn Angle
30 King Pin Bushings
67 Adjust the Pressure Relief in the Power Steering System,
33 Section 5: Prepare Parts for Assembly Set the Maximum Turn Angle
Replace 68 Turning Radius Angle
Worn or Damaged Parts 69 King Pin Inclination
Clean, Dry and Inspect Parts Recommended Camber, Caster and Toe Specifications
Ground or Polished Parts Camber Angle
Rough Parts 70 Caster Angle
Dry Cleaned Parts Measure and Adjust the Toe
Prevent Corrosion on Cleaned Parts
34 Installation
New Fasteners with Pre-Applied Adhesive Patches
Contents
pg. 72 Section 8: Troubleshooting pg.

Troubleshooting
Front Non-Drive Steer Axle Diagnostic Table
74 Section 9: Lubrication and Maintenance
Maintenance
75 Lubrication
Lubricant Specifications
Hazard Alert Messages
Lubrication
Tie Rod End
77 King Pins
78 Ball Studs on the Steering Arm and the Tie Rod Arm Ends
79 Grease-Lubricated Wheel Bearings
Oil-Lubricated Wheel Bearings
Maintenance
Tighten Draw Key Nuts
80 Check the Steering Arm Bolts
81 Section 10: Specifications
Torque Specifications
Front Non-Drive Axles with Conventional Wheel Ends
83 MFS Axles with Bolt-On, Integrated Steering and Tie Rod
Arm Assemblies, and Conventional Wheel Ends
85 Front Non-Drive Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends
87 Section 11: Special Tools
Special Tools
1 Exploded Views
Exploded View
1 Exploded Views
Axle with a Conventional Wheel End

Figure 1.1
40
37
39 36
51
38
6 7
44a
38
46 45 40 1 2
44b 39
42 8 9
47 3 12 10
48 41
49 43
50 13
56
11
55
53 61 4
5 14
54 58
52
17
16 15
60
59
57 19
A 20
21
27 45
29 22 18
25 24 23
26
28 12
31
33 13
11
35 34
30
10
32
B 8 9
63a 6 7
65
63b
63c
62
64
66
1003427f
Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17) 1

1 Exploded Views
Item Description Item Description

A Double Nut 34 Hubcap
B Single Nut 35 Capscrew and Washer
1 Cotter Pin 36 Axle Beam
2 Drag Link-to-Steering Arm Castle Nut 37 Shims
3 Steering Arm 38 Tapered Draw Key
4 Key 39 Threaded Draw Key
5 Ball Stud 40 Threaded Draw Key Nut
6 Capscrew and Washer 41 Thrust Bearing and Flat-Type Bearing Seal
7 Grease Fitting 42 Thrust Bearing and Cover-Type Bearing Seal
8 Greaseable Knuckle Cap 43 Integral Thrust Bearing and Oil Seal
9 Sealed Knuckle Cap 44a Steering Arm-to-Knuckle Castle Nut
10 Gasket 44b Steering Arm-to-Knuckle Castle Nut, Flared
11 Easy Steer King Pin Bushing Base
12 Bronze King Pin Bushing 45 3/4-Inch Stop Bolt
13 Nylon King Pin Bushing 46 3/4-Inch Jam Nut
14 Knuckle 47 1/2-Inch Stop Bolt
15 King Pin Bushing Seal 48 1/2-Inch Jam Nut
16 Tie Rod Arm-to-Knuckle Castle Nut 49 3/4-Inch Adapter
17 Cotter Pin 50 Washer
18 King Pin 51 Cotter Pin
19 Hub Grease Seal 52 Square Key
20 Inner Wheel Bearing Cone 53 Woodruff Key
21 Inner Wheel Bearing Cup 54 Knuckle Tie Rod Arm
22 Stud 55 Cotter Pin
23 Hub 56 Tie Rod Arm-to-Tie Rod End Castle Nut
24 Outer Wheel Bearing Cup 57 Tie Rod End
25 Outer Wheel Bearing Cone 58 Clamp Bolt
26 Adjusting Nut 59 Clamp Lock Nut
27 Pierced Lock Ring 60 Cross Tube Clamp
28 Lock Washer 61 Cross Tube
29 Wheel Bearing Nut 62 Knuckle with Integral Tie Rod Arm and Torque
Plate
30 “D” Washer
63a Old Style Threaded Knuckle Cap
31 Adjusting Nut
63b New Style Threaded Knuckle Cap
32 Cotter Pin
63c Round Threaded Knuckle Cap
33 Gasket
64 Bolt-On Steering Arm
2 Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

1 Exploded Views
Item Description
65 Steering Arm Capscrew
66 Knuckle with Integral Tie Rod Arm
MFS Axle with Bolt-On, Integrated Steering and Tie Rod Arm Assembly, and Conventional
Wheel End
Figure 1.2
45
43 1
44
2
41 5
6
42
41 7
40
38 37
39 35
17
18
19
36
20
22
34
8
23
25
26 21
27
28 7
30 29
31 6
9 5
10 4
11
24 12 3
13 2
32
33
1
10 11
16
15 12
11 14
4012372a

1 Exploded Views

1 Grease Fitting 36 Tie Rod End Clamp Nut
2 Capscrew 37 Tie Rod End Clamp Bolt
3 Flat Washer 38 Castle Nut
4 King Pin Cap 39 Cotter Pin
5 Gasket 40 Lower Draw Key
6 Bushing 41 Draw Key Nut
7 Seal Assembly 42 Thrust Bearing Assembly
8 King Pin 43 Upper Draw Key
9 Knuckle 44 Shim
10 Capscrew 45 I-Beam Axle
11 Hardened Flat Washer
12 Locking Nut
13 Integrated Steering and Tie Rod Arm Assembly
14 12-Point Ferry-Head Bolt
15 Stop Screw
16 Jam Nut
17 Wheel Hub Seal
18 Inner Bearing Cone
19 Inner Bearing Cup
20 ABS Exciter Ring
21 Wheel Stud
22 Hub Assembly
23 Outer Bearing Cup
24 Wheel Nut
25 Outer Bearing Cone
26 Wheel Bearing Inner Nut
27 Lock Ring
28 Lock Washer
29 Wheel Bearing Outer Nut
30 Gasket
31 Hub Cap
32 Flat Washer
33 Capscrew
34 Tie Rod End
35 Tube Assembly

1 Exploded Views
Axle with a Unitized Wheel End

Figure 1.3
16 23
17
22
2b 2a
1
9
21 20
6 R 24
19 7 L 25 26
18 3
4
27
17 28
8 15
11 37
10
R 13
L 14 12 5
30
29
4
32 31
33
34 3
35
36 2
1
1003369i

1 Grease Fitting 13 Cross Tube End, Right-Hand
2a New, Round King Pin Cap 14 Cross Tube End, Left-Hand
2b Old, Hexagon King Pin Cap 15 Lower Draw Key
3 King Pin Bushing 16 Upper Draw Key
4 King Pin Seal 17 Draw Key Nut
5 King Pin 18 Tie Rod End Nut Cotter Pin
6 0.10-Inch Shim 19 Cross Tube End Nut
7 0.05-Inch Shim 20 Stop Screw
8 Thrust Bearing and Seal Assembly 21 Stop Nut
9 Axle Center Beam 22 Steering Arm
10 Cross Tube Assembly 23 Steering Arm Capscrew
11 Cross Tube Clamp Bolt 24 Knuckle and Tie Rod Assembly, Right-Hand
12 Cross Tube Nut, Right-Hand 25 Knuckle and Tie Rod Assembly, Left-Hand

1 Exploded Views
Item Description
26 O-Ring
27 Bushing
28 Grease Seal Assembly
29 Bushing
30 Wheel Stud
31 Unitized Wheel End
32 Flat Thick Washer
33 Wheel Bearing Nut
34 Star/Lock Washer
35 Wheel Bearing Nut
36a Threaded Hubcap
36b Snap-Ring Hubcap
37 Spindle O-Ring

2 Introduction
Description
2 Introduction
Figure 2.3
DRIVER SIDE
The descriptions and procedures contained in this maintenance
manual are applicable to all Meritor front non-drive steer axles.
Meritor front non-drive steer axles in this manual feature the
following components. Figure 2.1, Figure 2.2 and Figure 2.3. STEERING
ARM
MFS axle models with bolt-on, integrated steering and tie rod arm CURBSIDE
assemblies are similar to axles with removable keyed steering and
tie rod arms. Figure 2.2. KNUCKLE
Figure 2.1 TIE

ROD
DRIVER SIDE TIE ARM
ROD
END TIE
ROD
STEERING
ARM EASY STEER PLUS MFS WITH UNITIZED WHEEL END
CURBSIDE
1000001e
Figure 2.3
KNUCKLE
TIE Tie Rod Arm, Knuckle and King Pin

ROD
TIE ARM The right tie rod arm is a mirror image of the left, and they are linked
ROD
TIE ROD CROSS
by the cross tube assembly. An integral tie rod design is used on
END
TUBE ASSEMBLY Easy Steer Plus and MFS axles.
CONVENTIONAL NON-DRIVE STEER AXLE 1000318c The right knuckle and king pin assembly is similar to the left, except
Figure 2.1
that it does not have a steering arm attached to it as in a manual
steering system.
Figure 2.2 A power steering system requires a steering arm in various
DRIVER SIDE applications for attachment of the auxiliary assist cylinder to the
KNUCKLE right knuckle.
STEERING Steering Knuckle

ARM
Steering knuckles are rated according to the capacity of the front
axle. All models use straight king pins. Three types of king pin
TIE CURBSIDE
ROD bushings are used: nylon, bronze and Easy Steer.
ARM
The brake spider has been combined into the knuckle of the Easy
TIE
ROD Steer Plus axle.
END
TIE ROD
Steering Arms
MFS WITH BOLT-ON, INTEGRATED The steering arm, which can be either a forged or cast component,
STEERING AND TIE ROD ARM ASSEMBLY 4012375a converts the drag link force into a turning movement through the left
king pin and the knuckle. Bolt-on steering arms are used on Easy
Figure 2.2
Steer Plus and MFS axles.

2 Introduction
Pitman Arm If the hubcaps are missing, you can use the axle model number to
determine if the axle is equipped with unitized wheel ends. To
The Pitman arm converts the output torque from the steering gear
identify the model number, refer to the axle identification plate on
into the control force applied to the drag link. This linkage the front of the beam. Figure 2.6.
component connects the steering gear to the linkage at the center
link end. A unitized wheel end also has been referred to as a truck hub unit,
Easy Steer Plus and a unitized hub.
Unitized Wheel End
Tie Rod Assembly
NOTE: A unitized wheel end has no user-serviceable parts.
Forged or cast tie rod assemblies are used on Meritor front
Figure 2.2. non-drive steer axles. The tie rod assembly links both steering
knuckles for uniform movement and maintains steering control.
Unitized wheel ends are enclosed units with bearings lubricated for
the life of the entire component. This is an alternative to
conventional wheel ends. Refer to Table A for a list of Meritor axle
Cross Tube and Clamp Assembly
models equipped with unitized wheel ends. The cross tube and clamp assembly runs approximately parallel to
the front axle. The cross tube has right-hand and left-hand threads
Table A: Meritor Axle Models Equipped with Unitized Wheel on the appropriate side of the vehicle. Tie rod clamps secure the tie
Ends rod ends into the cross tube.
MFS-10-143D-N MFS-13-153D-N FF-983
Tie Rod Ends
MFS-10-144D-N MFS-13-144D-N FF-984
The tie rod ends include a ball joint and boot which thread into the
MFS-12-122D-N FF-981 FF-986
cross tube. Depending on the manufacturer’s design, tie rod ends
MFS-12-143D-N FF-982 FF-987 can be greaseable or non-greaseable.
MFS-12-144D-N
Tie rod ends are either right-hand or left-hand threaded and
correspond to the inside threads at each end of the cross tube.
A unitized wheel end has “half moons” embossed on the center of Figure 2.5.
the hubcap. Figure 2.4.
Figure 2.5
Figure 2.4
CLAMP CROSS TUBE

TIE ROD
END
HALF MOONS
BOLT
AND NUT 1003283b
Figure 2.5
4001199a
Figure 2.4

2 Introduction
Identification
The axle build information and assembly date for Meritor front
non-drive steer axles is on the axle identification tag. Figure 2.6.
The identification tag is fastened to the front face surface of the
beam. The axle assembly date is located in either the lower
right-hand or left-hand corner of the tag.
The Julian method is used to indicate the axle assembly date and is
shown in Figure 2.6. The first two digits indicate the year, and the
last three digits indicate the day of the year.
In the following example, 01 is the year 2001 and 327 refers to
November 22.
To identify the model number, refer to the identification plate on the
front of the beam. Use the complete model number to obtain parts.
Refer to Figure 2.7 for an explanation of non-MFS model numbers.
Refer to Figure 2.8 for an explanation of MFS model numbers.
Figure 2.6
VIEW OF AXLE BEAM

FACING VEHICLE
MODEL AND CUSTOMER

SPECIFICATION NUMBER
NUMBER
MODEL MFS-12-143A-N
CUSTOMER NO 01X21A62
ASSY PLANT & SERIAL NO AVF 9521109
DATE 01327
AXLE ASSEMBLY
AXLE PLANT AND
ASSEMBLY TAG SERIAL NUMBER
DATE EXAMPLE
1000319d
Figure 2.6

2 Introduction
Figure 2.7
Meritor Identification
Basic Capacity
A 5,000 lbs
B 6,000 lbs
C 7,000-8,000 lbs
D 9,000 lbs Basic Series
E 10,000 lbs.
F 12,000-13,200 lbs Brake Usage
Front Axle G 14,600 lbs
L 16,000-20,000 lbs
LX 30,000 lbs Specification Number
U 28,000-30,000 lbs
F F - 9 8 1 - L X - 122
Major Variation Number Design Variation

0 Pre-FMVSS-121 Design 0 Tapered King Pin
1 Straight Sealed King Pin and New Tie 1 Straight King Pin
Rod Assembly 2 Special Tie Rods
2 Sealed King Pin Construction 3 5" Drop from Center of Spindle to Pad
3 Larger Axle Beam and Knuckles 4 5" Drop from Center of Spindle
4 Easy Steer™ Design to Pad and Special Tie Rods
5 Tubular Axle Beam 5 Special Wheel Ends
6 Lightweight Axle Beam 6 Double Drop Beam
7 Center-Point™ Design
8 Easy Steer Plus™
1000003d
Figure 2.7

2 Introduction
Figure 2.8
KPI Drop KPI Drop

(inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) Major Design Variation
13 = 68.0 3.74 53 = 72.0 3.74 A = Conventional Knuckle
16 = 68.0 3.60 62 = 65.24 3.74
21 = 69.0 3.30 63 = 65.25 3.74 B = Integral Tie Rod Arm
22 = 69.0 3.50 75 = 60.0 2.50 C = Integral Tie Rod Arm and Manufacturing
24 = 69.0 5.00 85 = 67.5 2.50 Torque Plate Location
33 = 71.0 3.74 86 = 67.5 3.60 D = Integral Tie Rod Arm, Spider N = N.A.
43 = 71.5 3.74 92 = 68.5 3.50 and 65 mm Unitized Hub S = S.A.
44 = 71.5 5.00 94 = 68.5 5.00 F = Conventional Knuckle, E = Europe
51 = 72.0 3.30 58 mm Unitized Spindle A = Australia/Asia
Axle Spec. Number

M F S - XX - 0 0 0 X - N X XXX
M = Meritor
F = Front Brake Type

B = Reaction Beam L =
Q+ Cam Brake
S = Non-Drive Steer Axle Disc Brake N =
None
C = Air Disc Brake P =
“P” Series Cam Brake
GAWR Pounds or Tonnes D = Wedge Brake (Dual Q =
“Q” Series Cam Brake
Ref: Target Market Air Chambers) R =
Cast+ Brake
E = Wedge Brake (Dual S =
Wedge Brake (Single
Hydraulic Cylinders) Air Chamber)
Beam, King Pin, Bushing Variation F = Wedge Brake (Single T = “T” Series Cam Brake
1 = Forged I-Beam, Straight King Pins — Hydraulic Cylinder) W = “W” Series Cam
Easy Steer™ Bushings G = DuraPark® Hydraulic Brake
2 = Forged I-Beam, Tapered King Pins — Drum Z = Non-Meritor Brake
Needle Bearings H = Quadraulic Disc
3 = Forged I-Beam, Alloy Material, India K = EX+ Air Disc
4 = Forged I-Beam, Straight King Pins —
Bronze Bushings
1003426d
Figure 2.8

3 Inspection
Hazard Alert Messages Meritor has determined that the use of plates in the above
3 Inspection
combination, and time frame, potentially reduces the service life of

Read and observe all Warning and Caution hazard alert messages in the hub, which could result in an SKF hub flange fracture. If a hub
this publication. They provide information that can help prevent flange fractures, vehicle control, braking and stability are affected,
serious personal injury, damage to components, or both. and the wheel may separate from the vehicle.
WARNING Meritor has further determined that vehicles equipped with other
To prevent serious eye injury, always wear safe eye protection wheel-end configurations not defined above, are not affected by the
when you perform vehicle maintenance or service. use of wheel separator plates if correctly installed and maintained.
Also, Meritor has determined that FF-980 Series front axle
Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to assemblies installed into vehicles after April 1998 can be used with
prevent the vehicle from moving. Support the vehicle with any wheel-end configuration and wheel separator plates, when
safety stands. Do not work under a vehicle supported only by correctly installed and maintained.
jacks. Jacks can slip and fall over. Serious personal injury and A wheel separator plate is a 0.040-inch (1.016 mm) plastic spacer,
damage to components can result. which some vehicle users install between the wheel and the brake
drum onto front axle assemblies.
Replace damaged or out-of-specification axle components. Do
not bend, repair or recondition axle components by welding or Wheel separator plates are intended to protect the wheels from
heat-treating. A bent axle beam reduces axle strength, affects corrosion and fretting fatigue.
vehicle operation and voids Meritor’s warranty. Serious
Recommendation
personal injury and damage to components can result.
Meritor believes that the wheel attachment clamp joint must be
Before inspecting axle components, verify that the correct tools are carefully maintained with:
available. Using the correct tools will ensure safety and provide the
앫 Correct hardware.
most accurate results.
앫 Clean, flat, uncontaminated mounting surfaces.
앫 Dial indicator
앫 Correct nut torquing and retorquing practices.
앫 Tire blocks
Meritor believes that installing a wheel separator plate may make it
앫 Jack
more difficult to ensure correct wheel clamp with use over time.
앫 Safety stands Refer to the wheel separator plate manufacturer’s recommended
wheel stud nut torque maintenance practices.
앫 Pry bar
Meritor further believes that the use of more than one wheel
앫 Torque wrench
separator plate in a wheel end is inappropriate and that a wheel
separator plate should never be installed between the hub and the
Inspection drum. This practice is expressly prohibited with Meritor axle models
MFS-12, FF-981, FF-982, FF-983, FF-984, FF-986 and FF-987.
Incompatibility of Wheel Separator Plates
Therefore, Meritor recommends that vehicle owners who install and
and Unitized Wheel Ends
use wheel separator plates should also increase the frequency of
Meritor has determined that wheel separator plates are their wheel-end maintenance, consistent with wheel separator plate
incompatible with the SKF Phase IV unitized wheel end on some manufacturer’s recommended practices, so they are confident that
front axle assemblies. Vehicles with wheel mounting flanges of the intended wheel attachment clamp integrity is maintained.
0.437-inch (11.1 mm) or less and brake drum mounting flanges of
0.25-inch (6.4 mm) or less assembled between September 1996
and March 1998 are affected.

3 Inspection
In addition, Meritor recommends that the users of wheel separator Figure 3.1
plates should contact the wheel separator plate manufacturers to DRAW KEY NUT
obtain recommendations and approval for any special application or 30-45 LB-FT (41-61 N•m)
more demanding environments (i.e., use at elevated temperature
ranges or frequent stop-start cycling) which may also potentially
affect the integrity of the wheel attachment system.
Inspect Parts
Fasteners
1. Verify that all fasteners are tightened to the specified torque.
1000004b
2. Use a torque wrench to check the torque. As soon as the
fastener starts to move, record the torque. Correct if Figure 3.1
necessary.
3. Replace any worn or damaged fasteners. Steering Knuckle Vertical End Play
Wear and Damage Table B: End Play Specifications
Inspect the parts of the axle for wear and damage. Look for bent or New or Rebuilt Axles 0.001-0.010-inch
cracked parts. Replace all worn or damaged parts. (0.025-0.254 mm)
In-Service Axles 0.001-0.030-inch
Pivot Points
(0.025-0.762 mm)
Verify that pivot points are not loose. Verify that the pivot points are
lubricated. Axles with Conventional Wheel Ends
Operation 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to prevent
the vehicle from moving. Set the parking brake.
Verify that all the parts move smoothly through the complete turning
radius. 2. Use a jack to raise the vehicle until the front wheels are off the
ground. Support the front axle with safety stands.
Tire Wear
3. Install a dial indicator with the base on the I-beam and the tip
Inspect the tires for wear patterns that indicate suspension damage on the top knuckle cap. Figure 3.2.
or misalignment. Correct if necessary.
Figure 3.2
Steering Arm Bolts

Check the torque on all bolt-on steering arm bolts every 200,000
miles (320 000 km). Refer to Section 9.
Draw Key Nuts

On axles with either conventional or unitized wheel ends, tighten the
draw key nuts to 30-45 lb-ft (41-61 N폷m) at the following intervals.
Figure 3.1. @
앫 After the first 6,000 miles (10 000 km) of new vehicle operation
앫 Every 36,000 miles (58 000 km) of operation 1000321c
Figure 3.2

3 Inspection
4. Place a pry bar between the boss for the tie rod arm and the 5. Set the dial indicator to ZERO.
I-beam. Push the knuckle to the BOTTOM of vertical travel.
6. Raise the jack until you start to lift the axle beam off the safety
Figure 3.3.
stands. Measure and record the dial indicator reading.
Figure 3.3
7. Lower the jack.
8. Place a jack and a wood block, with a hole that allows
clearance for the lower king pin grease fitting, under the lower
king pin cap area. Figure 3.4.
Figure 3.4
PRY BAR
CURBSIDE
1000004c
Figure 3.3
WOOD
5. Set the dial indicator on ZERO. BLOCK 1000005c
6. Use the pry bar to push the knuckle UPWARD. Record the Figure 3.4
reading on the dial indicator.
9. Compare the reading you obtained with the correct end play
앫 If the reading is ZERO: Remove the knuckle. Refer to
specifications in Table B.
Section 4. Remove the shims from the shim pack. Refer to
Section 6. 앫 If the reading is ZERO: Remove the knuckle. Refer to
Section 4. Remove shims from the shim pack. Refer to
앫 If the reading is more than the correct end play
Section 6.
specifications in Table B: Remove the knuckle. Refer to
Section 4. Add shims to the shim pack. Refer to Section 6. 앫 If the reading is more than the correct end play
specifications: Remove the knuckle. Refer to Section 4.
Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends Add shims to the shim pack. Refer to Section 6.
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to prevent
the vehicle from moving. Set the parking brake. Alternate Method to Measure End Play on Axles with
Unitized Wheel Ends
2. Use a jack to raise the vehicle until the front wheels are off the
1. Turn the wheels to the RIGHT for a curbside knuckle or LEFT for
a driver-side knuckle measurement.
3. Turn the wheels STRAIGHT ahead.
2. Place a pry bar between the tie rod arm and the axle beam.
4. Install a dial indicator for each side of the axle beam. Figure 3.5.
앫 For a curbside knuckle: Install a dial indicator with the
base on the axle beam. Place the dial indicator tip onto the
upper king pin cap.
앫 For a driver side knuckle: Remove the king pin cap. Install
a dial indicator with the base on the steering arm. Place the
dial indicator tip onto the exposed king pin top.

3 Inspection
Figure 3.5
Axles with Conventional and Unitized Wheel Ends
KING PIN 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to prevent
TOP
2. Use a jack to raise the vehicle until the wheels are off the
ground. Support the vehicle with safety stands.
3. Check the upper king pin bushing for wear. Install a dial
indicator with the base on the I-beam and the tip against the
side of the top of the knuckle. Figure 3.6 and Figure 3.7.
Figure 3.6
TIE ROD
ARM 1000006c
Figure 3.5
3. Set the dial indicator to ZERO.

4. Lift the knuckle UPWARD using a pry bar. Record the reading
on the dial indicator.
5. Compare the reading you obtained with the correct end play CONVENTIONAL WHEEL END — DRIVER SIDE
specifications in Table B. 1000323d
앫 If the reading is ZERO: Remove the knuckle. Refer to Figure 3.6

Section 4. Remove shims from the shim pack. Refer to
Section 6. Figure 3.7

specifications: Remove the knuckle. Refer to Section 4.
Add shims to the shim pack. Refer to Section 6.
Upper and Lower King Pin Bushings

Wheel-to-Hub Mounting
UNITIZED WHEEL END — DRIVER SIDE
To help determine the cause of movement and looseness, first 1000007e
check the wheel-to-hub mounting.
Figure 3.7
1. Verify that the wheel is mounted correctly and all wheel-end
fasteners and hardware are tightened to the correct 4. Set the dial indicator to ZERO.
specification.
5. Move the top of the tire side-to-side TOWARD and AWAY from
2. Apply the service brake to lock the hub and spindle together. the vehicle.
앫 If movement is detected: The king pin or king pin 앫 If the dial indicator moves a total of 0.010-inch
bushings should be inspected. Refer to the procedure (0.254 mm): The upper bushing is worn or damaged.
below. Replace both bushings in the knuckle. Refer to Section 4,
앫 If applying the service brake eliminates the movement: Section 5 and Section 6. Figure 3.6 and Figure 3.7.
Proceed to Unitized Wheel Ends, Detailed Inspection in this 6. Check the lower king pin bushing. Install a dial indicator so that
section to determine the unitized wheel-end hub end play. the base is on the I-beam and that the tip is against the side of
the bottom of the knuckle. Figure 3.8 and Figure 3.9.

3 Inspection
Figure 3.8 앫 Do not attempt to set or adjust end play.
Axles with Unitized Wheel-End Hubs and Assembly

Dates of July 1, 2000 to May 8, 2002
Vehicles built between July 1, 2000, and May 8, 2002 may be
equipped with wheel-end seals that allow contaminants to enter the
hub and wheel bearings. Contaminated wheel bearings will damage
the hub and spindle.
CONVENTIONAL WHEEL END — FRONT VIEW CURBSIDE Check the vehicle’s identification decal located on the driver-side
1000324d door jamb to determine if the vehicle was built between 7-1-00 and
Figure 3.8 5-8-02. If the vehicle was built during this time period, also check
the axle identification plate on the front of the beam to determine
Figure 3.9
the axle model and axle assembly date, which is shown as a Julian
date. Refer to Section 2.
You must increase the frequency of inspection intervals on unitized
wheel ends with assembly dates of 00182 to 02098 to identify
contaminated hubs. Refer to the inspection procedures in this
section. The inspection frequency for axles with assembly dates of
00182 to 02098 has been increased to include a Basic Inspection
performed as part of the fleet’s normal preventive maintenance
UNITIZED WHEEL END — FRONT VIEW CURBSIDE schedule, or not to exceed 50,000 miles (80 467 km). Disregard
1000008e original inspection intervals specified in this manual and begin with
this more frequent schedule for vehicles assembled within the
Figure 3.9
above time period.
7. Set the dial indicator to ZERO. NOTE: This more frequent inspection schedule differs from the
8. Move the bottom of the tire side-to-side TOWARD and AWAY usual recommendation, which begins Basic Inspections at
from the vehicle. maximum 50,000-mile (80 467 km) intervals only after the initial
Detailed Inspection has been performed at 200,000 miles
앫 If the dial indicator moves a total of 0.010-inch (321 800 km).
(0.254 mm): The lower bushing is worn or damaged.
Replace both bushings in the knuckle. Refer to Section 4, Wheel-to-Hub Mounting
Section 5 and Section 6. Figure 3.8 and Figure 3.9.
To help determine the cause of movement and looseness, first
Unitized Wheel Ends check the wheel-to-hub mounting.
1. Verify that the wheel is mounted correctly and all wheel-end
WARNING fasteners and hardware are tightened to the correct
You must follow the unitized wheel-end maintenance and specification.
inspection procedures provided in this manual to prevent
2. Apply the service brake to lock the hub and spindle together.
serious personal injury and damage to components.
앫 If you detect movement or looseness: The king pin or
The unitized wheel end is sealed and greased for life and does not king pin bushings should be inspected. Refer to procedure
require lubrication. If you disassemble, or attempt to repair or in this section.
lubricate a unitized wheel-end assembly, you will void the Meritor
앫 If applying the service brake eliminates movement or
warranty. The inspection procedures provided in this manual do not
looseness: Proceed to Detailed Inspection to determine the
instruct you to disassemble the unitized wheel end.
unitized wheel-end hub end play.
앫 Unitized wheel ends are not adjustable.

3 Inspection
If the Vehicle is Equipped with ABS on the Steer Axle If other front axle components, such as king pin bushings,
require inspection or service, refer to the appropriate
In addition to scheduled preventive maintenance, if driver reports
procedures in this manual.
indicate the ABS light has been coming ON, and ABS diagnostics
indicate the sensor gap is out-of-adjustment, check for possible Detailed Inspection
wheel-end looseness as the cause.
Perform detailed inspections after the initial 200,000 miles
Basic Inspection (321 800 km) of operation and after every additional 200,000 miles
(321 800 km) of operation thereafter.
After the initial 200,000-mile (321 800 km) detailed inspection,
perform a basic inspection at each scheduled preventive 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the rear wheels to
maintenance interval, not to exceed 50,000-mile (80 467 km) prevent the vehicle from moving.
intervals.
2. Remove the hubcap.
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the rear wheels to
3. Raise the vehicle so that the front wheels are off the ground.
prevent the vehicle from moving.
Support the vehicle with safety stands. Do not use a jack to
2. Raise the vehicle so that the front wheels are off the ground. support the vehicle.
Support the vehicle with safety stands. Do not use a jack to
support the vehicle. NOTE: The outboard and inboard seals may purge small amounts
of grease that are visible during inspection. Figure 3.10. This is a
NOTE: If a ticking sound is detected during rotation, this does not normal occurrence.
indicate a hub problem. It is a normal occurrence.
4. Remove the wheel and drum. Attach the magnetic base of a
3. Visually inspect the unitized wheel end as you rotate the tire dial indicator onto the end of the spindle. Figure 3.11. Touch
and unitized wheel-end assembly. Verify that it rotates the indicator stem perpendicular against the unitized
smoothly and without noise. While rotating the wheel, grasp wheel-end mounting face.
the brake chamber to feel for unitized wheel-end hub vibration.
Figure 3.10
앫 If the tire and unitized wheel-end assembly does not

rotate smoothly, or you hear noise (such as wheel
bearing grind) or feel wheel-end hub vibration during GREASE
rotation: Replace the unitized wheel-end hub. Refer to
Section 4, Disassembly; and Section 6, Assembly, for the
procedures.
앫 If the wheel end rotates smoothly: Proceed to Step 4.
4. Grasp the tire and wheel-end assembly at the nine and three
o’clock positions. Check for vertical and horizontal movement.
With your hands, apply approximately 50 lb (23 kg) of force to
the assembly. You should not feel or see any looseness or
movement. 4000299b
앫 If you feel or see any movement or looseness in the Figure 3.10

tire and wheel-end assembly: Perform a detailed
inspection to determine the cause of the movement, such
as worn king pin bushings or pins; wheel-to-hub-mounting
end play; unitized wheel-end hub end play; or a
combination of them all. To determine unitized wheel-end
hub end play, refer to Detailed Inspection in this section.

3 Inspection
Figure 3.11 NOTE: The inner wheel bearing nut and the outer wheel bearing nut
are identical, but the torque values are different.
8. Reattach the dial indicator. Set the dial indicator to ZERO. Do

not rotate the wheel end. Place your hands at the nine and
three o’clock positions.
9. Push the unitized wheel end straight IN. Note the reading. Pull
DIAL
INDICATOR the unitized wheel end straight OUT. Note the reading.
앫 If the total movement of the dial indicator is greater
than 0.003-inch (0.08 mm) but less than 0.006-inch
(0.15 mm): Record the measurement in a maintenance
4000308a
log, and perform a basic inspection at the next
Figure 3.11 regularly-scheduled maintenance interval, or not to exceed
50,000 miles (80 467 km), whichever comes first.
5. Set the dial indicator to ZERO. Do not rotate the wheel end.
앫 If the total movement of the dial indicator is 0.006-inch
Place your hands at the nine and three o’clock positions.
(0.15 mm) or greater: Replace the unitized wheel-end
6. Push the unitized wheel end straight IN. Note the reading. Pull hub. You must inspect a replacement hub before you install
the unitized wheel end straight OUT. Note the reading. it. Refer to Replacement Hub Inspection in this section.
앫 If the total movement of the dial indicator is less than 10. After you’ve taken the measurement, bend the parts of the
0.003-inch (0.08 mm): The inspection is complete. No tabbed washer that protrude over the flats of the outer wheel
adjustment is required. bearing nut and the inner wheel bearing nut. Bend the washer
a minimum of one flat edge to each nut.
앫 If the total movement of the dial indicator is 0.003-inch
(0.08 mm) or greater: Remove the outer bearing nut and
NOTE: If a ticking sound is detected during rotation, this does not
tabbed washer. Tighten the inner wheel bearing nut to
indicate a hub problem. It is a normal occurrence.
500-700 lb-ft (679-949 N폷m) while rotating the unitized
wheel end a minimum of five rotations. Figure 3.12. @
11. Verify that the unitized wheel end rotates smoothly and without
noise. While rotating the wheel, grasp the brake chamber to
Figure 3.12
feel for unitized wheel-end hub vibration.

PROTECTIVE UNITIZED
HUBCAP WHEEL END 앫 If the tire and unitized wheel-end assembly does not
INNER rotate smoothly, or you hear noise (such as wheel
OUTER WHEEL bearing grind) or feel wheel-end hub vibration during
WHEEL BEARING
BEARING NUT rotation: Replace the unitized wheel-end hub. You must
NUT inspect a replacement hub before you install it. Refer to
O-RING Replacement Hub Inspection in this section.
INNER “D” 앫 If the wheel end rotates smoothly: The inspection is
TABBED WASHER
WASHER 1000063e
complete. Reinstall the wheel-end equipment. Return the
vehicle to service.
Figure 3.12
Replacement Hub Inspection
7. Install the tabbed washer and outer wheel bearing nut onto the 1. Remove the replacement hub from the box and place it onto a
spindle. Tighten the outer wheel bearing nut to 200-300 lb-ft clean surface.
(271-476 N폷m). @
2. Examine the interior of the hub to verify the following.

3 Inspection
A. The inner clip ring has not become dislodged in shipment Figure 3.15
and is in correct alignment with the inner and outer

bearings. The gap between the inner and outer bearing
sets and the clip ring must be equal. Figure 3.13.
B. The gap between the ends of the clip ring must be equal
and not exceed 0.25-inch (6 mm). If necessary, adjust by
hand. Figure 3.13.
C. The bearing face must be clean with no seal coating, dirt
INBOARD
or dust. SEAL
TONE
Figure 3.13 RING
A 4001198a
INNER
BEARING C Figure 3.15
SET
CLIP
RING Tie Rod and Cross Tube Assembly
B
OUTER NOTE: Do not grease the tie rod assembly before you perform the
BEARING
SET
inspection.
You may not be able to detect loose or worn tie rod ends during
A AND B MUST BE EQUAL operation. Under normal operating conditions, wear occurs over
C MUST NOT EXCEED 0.25" (6 MM) 4001196a
time. The preload bearings inside each tie rod end provide less
Figure 3.13 resistance, which can affect steering control, front tire wear and
other axle components.
3. Examine the exterior of the hub to verify the following. Regularly-scheduled inspection and maintenance helps to minimize
A. There is no visible damage to the inboard or outboard the effects of tie rod end wear on the vehicle. Refer to Table N for
seals and the bearings have not become unseated. inspection intervals. Figure 3.16.
Figure 3.14 and Figure 3.15.
Figure 3.16
B. The tone ring teeth are not damaged and there are no
broken or missing teeth on the tone ring. Figure 3.15. BALL/STUD
BALL/STUD
Figure 3.14
NATURAL
PIVOT
WEAR
OUTBOARD BALL/STUD
NATURAL
SEAL BEARING
WEAR
4001197a SOLID STEEL

BEARING SURFACE 1003401f
Figure 3.14
Figure 3.16

3 Inspection
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface with the wheels STRAIGHT.

WARNING
Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving. Set the
Verify that a cotter pin is installed through the tie rod end, and
parking brake. Figure 3.17.
the tie rod end nut is tightened to the correct torque
Figure 3.17
specification. Replace a missing cotter pin and tighten a loose
tie rod end nut. A missing cotter pin or loose tie rod end nut
can cause loss of steering control. Serious personal injury and
damage to components can result.
5. Check that the tie rod nut is installed and secured with a cotter
pin.
앫 If the cotter pin is missing: Tighten the tie rod end nut to
the correct specification. Install a new cotter pin. Always
tighten the tie rod nut to the specified torque when setting
TIE
TIE
ROD CROSS the cotter pin. Refer to Section 10. Do not back-off the nut
ROD TUBE to insert the cotter pin. Figure 3.19.
END
ARM 1000325b
Figure 3.19
Figure 3.17
Missing cotter pin
indicates unsafe
condition and requires
Support the vehicle with safety stands. Do not use a jack to immediate replacement.
support the vehicle.
3. With the engine off, turn the wheels from full left to full right.
Return to the straight-ahead position. This step will require
more force for vehicles with the power steering off.
4. Check the tie rod boot for cracks, tears or other damage. Also
check the boot seals for damage. Replace the entire tie rod end
if the boot is damaged or missing. Figure 3.18. STEERING
KNUCKLE 4000284a
Figure 3.18
Cracked or torn boot Figure 3.19

requires entire
tie rod end replacement. 6. Check that the tie rod end is threaded correctly into the cross
tube and installed deeper than the end of the cross tube slot.
The tie rod end must be visible the entire length of the cross
tube slot. Figure 3.20.
4000283b
Figure 3.18

3 Inspection
Figure 3.20
CAUTION
Tie rod end installed Only use your hands to check for movement or looseness of
deeper than the end of
the cross tube slot. the tie rod assembly. Do not use a crow bar, pickle fork or
two-by-four. Do not apply pressure or force to tie rod assembly
ends or joints. Do not rock the tires with the vehicle on the
ground or with the wheels raised. Damage to components can
result.
10. Apply hand pressure of approximately 100 pounds in a vertical

PUSH and PULL motion several times. Check for any
TIE ROD movement or looseness at both tie rod ends. Figure 3.22.
CROSS Tie rod threads
must be visible
TUBE SLOT
the entire length 앫 If there is any movement in the tie rod assembly:
END
of the cross tube slot. 4000285a Replace both tie rod ends.
Figure 3.20 Figure 3.22
7. Check that the grease fittings are installed. Replace a damaged

grease fitting.
앫 If the tie rod ends are non-greaseable: Do not install a
grease fitting. Figure 3.21.
Push.
Check movement
Figure 3.21
ALTERNATE by hand.
GREASE Pull.
FITTING 4000287a
LOCATIONS
Figure 3.22
CAUTION
Replace bent or damaged cross tubes with original equipment
4000289a parts of the same length, diameter and threads. Do not
attempt to straighten a bent cross tube. Damage to
Figure 3.21 components can result.
8. By hand or using a pipe wrench with jaw protectors to avoid 11. Inspect the cross tube and clamps for damage. Figure 3.23.
gouging the cross tube, rotate the cross tube toward the
앫 If the cross tube is bent or cracked: Replace it. Use
FRONT of the vehicle and then toward the REAR. After rotating,
original equipment parts of the same length, diameter and
center the cross tube between the stop positions.
threads.
앫 If the cross tube will not rotate in either direction:
앫 If the clamps are damaged: Replace them.
Replace both tie rod ends.
앫 If either clamp has become welded to the cross tube:
9. Position yourself directly below the ball stud socket. Using both
Replace the entire cross tube assembly. Use original
hands, grasp the assembly end as close to the socket as
equipment parts of the same length, diameter and threads.
possible, no more than 6-inches (152.4 mm) from the end.

3 Inspection
Figure 3.23
CROSS
TUBE
CLAMP
CRACK
DAMAGE 4000288a
Figure 3.23
Department of Transportation Roadside Tie

Rod Assembly Replacement Criteria
When the roadside check indicates tie rod movement of 1/8-inch
(3 mm) or more, immediately remove the vehicle from service to
replace the tie rod. Figure 3.23.
앫 If the roadside check is less than 1/8-inch (3 mm) tie rod
end movement: The vehicle does not need to be immediately
removed from a service run. Schedule a major out-of-service
inspection and maintenance as soon as possible.

4 Disassembly

4 Disassembly
Figure 4.1
DOUBLE NUT AND LOCK ADJUSTMENT

Read and observe all Warning and Caution hazard alert messages in
this publication. They provide information that can help prevent PIERCED
serious personal injury, damage to components, or both. WHEEL LOCK RING
BEARING
NUT
WARNING
To prevent serious eye injury, always wear safe eye protection
when you perform vehicle maintenance or service.
ADJUSTING
WHEEL NUT
Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to
BEARING
prevent the vehicle from moving. Support the vehicle with NUT LOCK
safety stands. Do not work under a vehicle supported only by WASHER 1000354c
jacks. Jacks can slip and fall over. Serious personal injury and
Figure 4.1
A. For single nut fasteners, remove the cotter pin from the
Use a brass or leather mallet for assembly and disassembly
adjusting nut. Figure 4.2.
procedures. Do not hit steel parts with a steel hammer. Pieces
of a part can break off. Serious personal injury and damage to B. Remove the adjusting nut and the “D” washer from the
components can result. spindle. Figure 4.2.
Removal Figure 4.2
SINGLE NUT ADJUSTMENT
Wheel Ends ADJUSTING

NUT
Axles with Conventional Wheel Ends
2. Raise the front of the vehicle until the front wheels are off the
floor. Support the vehicle with safety stands.
COTTER “D”
3. Use the correct size socket to remove the capscrews that PIN WASHER
1000355b
fasten the cap to the hub. Remove the cap and the gasket.
4. Remove the fasteners for the wheel bearings. Refer to the Figure 4.2
appropriate procedure.
A. For double nut and lock fasteners, bend the tabs of the 5. Remove the outer wheel bearing cone from the hub. Remove
flattened lock washer away from the wheel bearing nut the wheel, tire, hub and drum as an assembly.
and the adjusting nut. Figure 4.1.
6. Remove the brake components. Refer to the brake
B. Remove the wheel bearing nut, the lock washer, the manufacturer’s procedures.
pierced lock ring and the adjusting nut from the knuckle.
7. Remove the oil seal from the hub. Remove the inner wheel
Figure 4.1.
bearing cone.
8. Inspect the wheel bearings. Refer to Section 5.

4 Disassembly
Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends 3. Use a jack to raise the vehicle so that the front tires are off the
NOTE: You may have to remove the unitized wheel end when
4. Remove the tire and wheel assembly.
servicing the king pin, brake cam shaft or when replacing the studs
on the unitized wheel end. Unitized wheel end removal is not 5. Bend back and flatten the washer tab folded against the flat
typically required for servicing the brakes, the tie rod assembly or edge of the outer wheel bearing nut.
the steering arms.
6. Remove the outer wheel bearing nut and the tabbed washer
from the spindle.
the vehicle from moving. Set the parking brake. 7. Remove the inner wheel bearing nut and the inner washer from
the spindle.
2. Remove the hubcap.
A. For threaded hubcaps, use the correct size socket to turn CAUTION
the hubcap COUNTERCLOCKWISE. Figure 4.3. Align the unitized wheel end STRAIGHT onto the spindle. Do
B. Remove the threaded protective hubcap from the hub. not allow the assembly to misalign and contact the spindle
threads. Bearing damage can occur that requires replacement
Figure 4.3
of the entire unitized wheel end.
PROTECTIVE UNITIZED
WHEEL END
HUBCAP Hub bearings are not serviceable. Do not remove bearings
INNER
from the unitized wheel end. Damage to components can
OUTER WHEEL
WHEEL BEARING result.
BEARING NUT
NUT
8. Remove the unitized wheel end STRAIGHT from the spindle.
O-RING Figure 4.3.
INNER “D”
WASHER 9. Remove and discard the spindle O-ring. Replace it during
TABBED
WASHER 1000063e assembly.
Figure 4.3
NOTE: The spindle O-ring enables you to remove the unitized
wheel-end hub from the spindle more easily, because it helps to
A. For snap-ring hubcaps, insert a screwdriver into the prevent contaminants from entering the assembly.
notched end of the snap ring. Figure 4.4.
B. Remove the snap ring by moving the screwdriver around When you remove the unitized wheel-end hub, install a new O-ring.
the circumference of the ring.
10. If the unitized wheel end is difficult to remove from the spindle,
C. Remove the snap-ring hubcap. use the following procedure.
Figure 4.4
A. Use a brass hammer to remove two studs from opposite
sides of the unitized wheel end.
B. Install a 17.5-ton cross block puller with two 8 x 7/8-inch
Grade 8 bolts. Figure 4.5.
C. Use a wrench to gradually tighten the forcing nut and
washer against the cross block to separate the unitized
wheel end from the knuckle spindle. Figure 4.6.
앫 If you’ve applied force and the part has not
moved: Use a cross block puller with a larger
4000303c capacity.
Figure 4.4

4 Disassembly
D. Repeat this procedure to remove the unitized wheel end Steering Arm
on the opposite side of the axle, if required.
Axles with a Keyed Steering Arm
Figure 4.5
8" x 7/8" GRADE 8 BOLTS 1. Remove the cotter pin and nut that fasten the steering arm to
INTO STUD HOLES ON the drag link. Disconnect the steering arm from the drag link.
OPPOSITE SIDES OF HUB
Figure 4.7.
2. Remove the cotter pin and nut that fasten the steering arm to
the knuckle. Figure 4.8.
Figure 4.8
FORCING FORCING NUT STEERING

BELOW CROSS ARM COTTER
BOLT PIN
BLOCK
4000300b
Figure 4.5
Figure 4.6
8" x 7/8" WASHER NUT AND

GRADE 8 BOLT SLIDING NUT KEY
PLATE 4000693a
CROSS
BLOCK Figure 4.8
3. Remove the steering arm from the knuckle. If necessary, use a

FORCING
SCREW leather or plastic mallet to tap on the end of the arm and
separate the arm from the knuckle.
FORCING 4. Remove the key from the steering arm. Inspect the steering
NUT AND
WASHER 4000301a arm. Refer to Section 5.
Figure 4.6 MFS Axles with Bolt-On, Integrated Steering and Tie
Rod Arm Assemblies
Drag Link MFS axle models with bolt-on, integrated steering and tie rod arm
Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s procedures. Figure 4.7. assemblies are similar to axles with removable keyed steering and
tie rod arms.
Figure 4.7
1. Remove the cotter pin and nut that fasten the drag link to the
integrated steering and tie rod arm assembly.
2. Separate the drag link from the integrated steering and tie rod
arm assembly.
3. Remove the cotter pin and nut that fasten the cross tube
assembly to the integrated steering and tie rod arm assembly.
4. Remove the cross tube assembly from the integrated steering
DRAG STEERING and tie rod arm assembly. If necessary, use a tie rod end puller
PITMAN LINK
ARM ARM 1000349b to separate the tie rod end from the integrated steering and tie
rod arm assembly.
Figure 4.7

4 Disassembly
5. Remove the two 12-point Ferry-head bolts from the lower 2. Remove the steering arm from the knuckle. If necessary, use a
middle portion of the integrated steering and tie rod arm leather or plastic mallet to tap the outside of the arm and
assembly. Figure 4.9. separate the arm from the knuckle.
Figure 4.9
3. Remove the steering arm. Inspect the steering arm. Refer to
Section 5.
CAPSCREW
WASHER Tie Rod Arms, Tie Rod Ends and Cross Tube
NUT
WARNING
Support the tie rod assembly during maintenance and service
to prevent serious personal injury and damage to components.
If the cross tube clamps are tack-welded, do not remove the

tack weld during tie rod assembly removal. If you remove the
12-POINT
FERRY-HEAD BOLT 4012376a tack weld, clamp force is reduced. Replace the cross tube if
the weld is broken. Loss of steering control, serious personal
Figure 4.9 injury and damage to components can result.
6. Remove the four nuts and washers from the capscrews that
secure the integrated steering and tie rod arm assembly to the
CAUTION
Do not heat the arm to remove the tie rod assembly. Heating
knuckle. Retain the capscrew with a wrench or socket on the
the tie rod arm will soften parts. Damage to components will
wheel hub side to prevent the fastener from turning when
result.
loosening the nut. Figure 4.9.
NOTE: The capscrews also retain the brake spider to the Axles with Removable Tie Rod Arms
knuckle.
NOTE: For MFS axles with bolt-on, integrated steering and tie rod
7. Remove the capscrews and integrated steering and tie rod arm arm assemblies, refer to the steering arm removal procedure to
assembly from the knuckle. remove the tie rod arms.
8. Inspect the steering arm. Refer to Section 5. 1. Remove the cotter pins and nuts that fasten each tie rod end to
the tie rod arms. Figure 4.11.
Axles with a Bolt-On Steering Arm
1. Remove the two steering-arm-to-knuckle capscrews from the Figure 4.11
knuckle assembly. Figure 4.10.
Figure 4.10
TIE ROD
ARM
TIE ROD
END
1000351b
Figure 4.11
1000025c
Figure 4.10

4 Disassembly
2. Disconnect the cross tube assembly from the tie rod arms. If 6. Inspect the parts. Refer to Section 5.
available, use a tie rod end puller to separate the tie rod end
from the tie rod arm. Figure 4.11. Axles with Integral Tie Rod Arms
3. Remove the cotter pin and nut that fastens the tie rod arms in 1. Remove the cotter pins and nuts that fasten each tie rod end to
the knuckle. the tie rod arms.
4. Remove the tie rod arms from the knuckle. If necessary, use a 2. Disconnect the cross tube assembly from the tie rod arms. If
leather or plastic mallet to tap on the end of the rod. Remove available, use a tie rod end puller to separate the tie rod end
the key. from the tie rod arm. Figure 4.14. If necessary, use a leather or
plastic mallet to tap on the tie rod end to loosen and remove it.
5. If necessary, use this procedure to remove the tie rod ends.
Figure 4.14
A. Mark the position of each tie rod end in the cross tube.
Count and record the number of threads that appear
outside of the cross tube. Figure 4.12.
B. Remove the bolts and nuts from the clamp on the cross
tube. Rotate the cross tube clamp to remove the nuts and
bolts from the clamp. Figure 4.13.
C. Remove the tie rod ends from the cross tube. TIE
ROD
Figure 4.12
ARM
BOTTOM VIEW TIE
ROD
CROSS TIE END 1000026b
TUBE ROD END
Figure 4.14
3. If necessary, use this procedure to remove the tie rod ends.

A. Mark the position of each tie rod end in the cross tube.
Count and record the number of threads that appear
outside of the cross tube. Figure 4.12.
TUBE MARKS B. Remove the bolts and nuts from the clamp on the cross
SLOT 1000027b
tube. Rotate the cross tube clamp to remove the nuts and
Figure 4.12 bolts from the clamp. Figure 4.13.
C. Remove the tie rod ends from the cross tube.
Figure 4.13
4. Inspect the parts. Refer to Section 5.

CLAMP
Draw Keys, King Pin Caps, King Pins and
Steering Knuckle
Axles with Bolt-On King Pin Caps
1. Remove the wheel ends as described in this section.
BOLT 2. Vent the air from the brake system. Disconnect the air lines
AND from the brakes.
NUT 1000353b
Figure 4.13 manufacturer’s procedures.

4 Disassembly
4. Remove the tie rod arms and the steering arm from the Figure 4.16
knuckle. Refer to the procedure in this section.

5. Remove the capscrews that fasten the king pin caps to the top
and the bottom of the knuckle. Remove the caps and the
gaskets. Figure 4.15.
Figure 4.15
KNUCKLE
CAP
GASKET
1000390b
Figure 4.16
Figure 4.17
DRAW
1000356b KEY
NUT
Figure 4.15
6. Remove the plain or the threaded draw keys. Refer to Table C.
Table C: Threaded or Plain Draw Keys
Threaded Draw Keys Plain Draw Keys

All other axle models FC-901, FC-921, FE-970, 1000358b
FF-971 and FL-901 Figure 4.17
앫 For plain draw keys: Use a brass hammer and a steel drift 7. If you’re not replacing the bushings, use the following
to remove the draw key. Place the drift onto the small, procedure to prevent damaging the bushings during king pin
“D”-shaped end of the key. Figure 4.16. removal.
앫 For threaded draw keys: Perform the following procedure. A. Use a brass drift and a hammer to remove the king pins
A. Loosen the threaded draw key lock nut until the top of the from the knuckle. Figure 4.18.
lock nut is even with the end of the draw key. B. Remove any flaring on the drift that touches the bushings.
B. Use a brass drift and a hammer to hit the end of the draw C. Wrap tape to a thickness of 1/16-inch (1.5 mm) onto the
key. Figure 4.17. end of the drift.
C. Remove the nut from the draw key. Remove the draw key
from the knuckle.

4 Disassembly
Figure 4.18 2. Vent the air from the brake system. Disconnect the air lines
from the brakes.
manufacturer’s procedures.
4. Remove the steering arm from the knuckle, if applicable.
5. Remove the top and bottom king pin caps. Depending on the
axle configuration, the top and bottom king pin caps may be
different part numbers. Mark the top and bottom king pin caps
for correct reassembly. Figure 4.20.
KING PIN Figure 4.20
1000359b
Figure 4.18
CAP
8. If the king pin is hard to remove, use a hydraulic king pin

remover. Refer to Section 11. To obtain this tool, refer to the
Service Notes page on the front inside cover of this manual.
9. Remove the knuckle from the axle beam.
WARNING
Wear gloves when you remove or install shims. Shims have 1000030b
sharp edges that can cause serious personal injury.
Figure 4.20
10. While wearing gloves, remove the shims, the thrust bearing
and the seal from the beam and knuckle. Figure 4.19. 6. Use the following procedure to remove the upper and lower
draw keys from the knuckle.
Figure 4.19
A. Loosen the draw key nut. Use a brass drift and a hammer
KNUCKLE to hit the end of the draw key. Figure 4.21.
SHIMS,
BETWEEN B. Remove the nut from the draw key. Figure 4.22. Remove
KNUCKLE
AND BEAM the draw key from the knuckle.
Figure 4.21
THRUST BEARING
AND SEAL 1000360b
Figure 4.19
11. Inspect the parts. Refer to Section 5. HAMMER 1000031b
Figure 4.21
Axles with Threaded King Pin Caps
1. Remove the wheel end as described in this section.

4 Disassembly
Figure 4.22 9. While wearing gloves, remove the integral thrust bearing and
seal, and the shims from the beam and knuckle. Figure 4.24.
Figure 4.24
KNUCKLE SHIMS,
BETWEEN
KNUCKLE
AND BEAM
THRUST
BEARING
AND SEAL
DRAW
NUT KEY 1000032b
Use gloves.
Figure 4.22
1000034b
7. If you’re not replacing the bushings, use the following
Figure 4.24
procedure to prevent damage to the bushings during king pin
removal.
10. Remove the knuckle from the axle beam. Figure 4.25. Inspect
A. Use a hammer and brass drift to remove the king pins the parts. Refer to Section 5.
from the knuckle. Figure 4.23.
Figure 4.25
B. Remove any flaring on the drift that touches the bushings.

C. Wrap tape to a thickness of 1/16-inch (1.5 mm) onto the
end of the drift.
INTEGRAL THRUST
Figure 4.23
BEARING SEAL
ASSEMBLY
BRASS
DRIFT
TOOL
1000035b
Figure 4.25
KING
PIN 1000033b King Pin Bushings
Figure 4.23
WARNING
Observe all warnings and cautions provided by the press
8. If the king pin is hard to remove, use a hydraulic king pin manufacturer to avoid damage to components and serious
remover. Refer to Section 11. To obtain this tool, refer to the personal injury.
Service Notes page on the front inside cover of this manual.
Axles with Conventional Wheel Ends — Nylon
WARNING Bushings
Wear gloves when you remove or install shims. Shims have
1. Remove and discard the lower king pin seal. Figure 4.26.
sharp edges that can cause serious personal injury.

4 Disassembly
Figure 4.26 4. Place the knuckle in a vise. Use a press with a five-ton
CONVENTIONAL capacity. The knuckle must not move when the bushings are
KING removed.
PIN
SEAL 5. Install the tool into the upper king pin bushing. Press the upper
king pin bushing from the knuckle bore. Figure 4.28.
6. Turn the knuckle upside down and install the tool into the lower
king pin bushing. Press the lower bushing from the knuckle
bore. Figure 4.28.
Figure 4.28
1000361b UPPER
KING PIN
Figure 4.26 BUSHING
2. Turn the knuckle upside down and remove the upper king pin
POSITION OF BUSHINGS
seal. Remove the old bushings. IN KNUCKLE
3. Remove the top and the bottom bushings from the knuckle
bore. Figure 4.27.
LOWER
KING PIN
Figure 4.27 BUSHING
1000363b
NYLON
BUSHING
Figure 4.28
Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends — Easy Steer

Bushings
Figure 4.29
1000375c
Figure 4.27
Axles with Conventional Wheel Ends — Easy Steer

and Bronze Bushings
2. Turn the knuckle upside down and remove the upper king pin
seal. Remove the old bushings. Remove and discard
upper and lower seals.
NOTE: For some axles, you can remove the bushings with a 1000036c
bushing service kit. Refer to Section 11. Figure 4.29
3. Make a tool to remove the bushings. Refer to Section 11.

2. Turn the knuckle over. Remove the upper king pin seal.
3. Use the following procedure to remove the old bushings.
A. Make a tool to remove the bushings. Refer to Section 11.

4 Disassembly
B. Place the knuckle into a vise. Use a press with a five-ton

capacity. The knuckle must not move when the bushings
are removed.
C. Install the tool into the upper king pin bushing and press it
from the knuckle bore. Figure 4.30.
D. Turn the knuckle upside down. Install the tool into the
lower king pin bushing and press it from the knuckle bore.
Figure 4.31.
Figure 4.30
REMOVAL OF
OLD UPPER
BUSHING 1000037b
Figure 4.30
Figure 4.31
UPPER KING
PIN BUSHING
LOWER KING
PIN BUSHING 1000038b
Figure 4.31

5 Prepare Parts for Assembly
Hazard Alert Messages 앫 Work in a well-ventilated area.

Read and observe all Warning and Caution hazard alert messages in 앫 Do not use gasoline, or solvents that contain gasoline.
this publication. They provide information that can help prevent Gasoline can explode.
serious personal injury, damage to components, or both. 앫 You must use hot solution tanks or alkaline solutions
correctly. Read the manufacturer’s instructions before
WARNING using hot solution tanks and alkaline solutions. Then
To prevent serious eye injury, always wear safe eye protection carefully follow the instructions.
Replace damaged or out-of-specification axle components. Do

CAUTION
Do not use hot solution tanks or water and alkaline solutions to
not bend, repair or recondition axle components by welding or
heat-treating. A bent axle beam reduces axle strength, affects clean ground or polished parts. Damage to parts can result.
personal injury and damage to components can result. Clean, Dry and Inspect Parts
Replace Ground or Polished Parts
Use a cleaning solvent to clean the ground or polished parts and
Worn or Damaged Parts surfaces. Kerosene or diesel fuel can be used for this purpose. DO
NOT USE GASOLINE.
Do not repair or recondition front axle components. Replace
damaged or out-of-specification components. All major components Do NOT clean ground or polished parts in a hot solution tank or with
are heat-treated and tempered. water, steam or alkaline solutions. These solutions will cause
corrosion of the parts.
Do not perform the following operations on front axle components.
앫 Weld steering arms, tie rod arms, knuckles, king pins, axle Rough Parts
beams, tie rod assemblies, hubs, drums or brakes.
Rough parts can be cleaned with the ground or polished parts.
앫 Hot- or cold-bend the knuckles, steering arms, tie rod arms, ball Rough parts also can be cleaned in hot solution tanks with a weak
studs, axle beams or tie rod assemblies. alkaline solution. Parts must remain in the hot solution tanks until
앫 Drill holes in the axle beam for the king pins. they are completely cleaned and heated.
앫 Drill draw key holes in the knuckle. Dry Cleaned Parts

앫 Spray-weld bearing diameters onto the knuckles or into the Parts must be dried immediately after cleaning. Dry parts with clean
machined bores. paper or rags, or compressed air. Do not dry bearings by spinning
앫 Disassemble the unitized wheel end. with compressed air.
앫 Mill or machine any components. Prevent Corrosion on Cleaned Parts

WARNING Apply a light oil to cleaned and dried parts that are not damaged and
Solvent cleaners can be flammable, poisonous and cause are to be immediately assembled. Do NOT apply oil to the brake
burns. Examples of solvent cleaners are carbon tetrachloride, linings or the brake drums.
and emulsion-type and petroleum-base cleaners. Read the If the parts are to be stored, apply a good corrosion preventative to
manufacturer’s instructions before using a solvent cleaner, all surfaces. Do NOT apply the material to the brake linings or the
then carefully follow the instructions. Also follow the brake drums. Store the parts inside special paper or other material
procedures below. that prevents corrosion.
앫 Wear safe eye protection. All tapered joints must be clean and dry with no lubrication or
앫 Wear clothing that protects your skin. corrosion preventative applied to the mating surfaces.

Installation Figure 5.1
AXLE WITH BOTTLE SPINDLE

New Fasteners with Pre-Applied Adhesive Add four to five
drops of adhesive
Patches into bore. Torque fastener
to specifications.
1. Clean the oil and dirt from the threaded holes. Use a wire brush
to remove the old patch material. There is no special cleaning
required.
CAUTION
Do not apply adhesives or sealants onto new fasteners with
pre-applied adhesive patches or into the threaded holes. If
1000365b
other adhesives or sealants are used, the new adhesive will
not function correctly. Damage to components can result. Figure 5.1
2. Assemble the parts using the new pre-applied adhesive Figure 5.2
fasteners.
BOLT-ON STEERING ARM
NOTE: There is no drying time required for fasteners with
pre-applied adhesive.
3. Tighten the fasteners to the required torque value for that size Apply two to three
drops onto
fastener. Refer to Section 10.
knuckle threads.
Original or Used Fasteners Using Meritor

Specification 2297-C-7049 Liquid Adhesive,
Loctite 680 Adhesive or Equivalent 1000040b
Figure 5.2
WARNING
Take care when you use Loctite adhesive to avoid serious
personal injury. Read the manufacturer’s instructions before 3. Tighten the fasteners to the required torque value for that size
using this product. Follow the instructions to prevent irritation fastener. Refer to Section 10.
to the eyes and skin. If Loctite adhesive material gets into
your eyes, follow the manufacturer’s emergency procedures. Check the Torque Values of Dri-Loc
Have your eyes checked by a physician as soon as possible. Fasteners Not Requiring Removal
If Dri-Loc fasteners do not require removal from components, use
1. Clean the oil, dirt and old adhesive from all threads and
the following procedure to check the fasteners for the correct torque
threaded holes. Use a wire brush.
value.
CAUTION Apply the minimum amount of torque required for that size fastener.
Do not apply adhesive to the fastener threads. Air pressure in Refer to Section 10. The fastener must not rotate.
the hole will push the adhesive out as the fastener is installed.
앫 If the fastener rotates: Remove the fastener from the
Damage to components can result.
component. Inspect the fastener and the hole for wear and
NOTE: There is no drying time required for Meritor specification damage. Repair as necessary.
2297-C-7049 liquid adhesive, Loctite 680 adhesive or equivalent. 앫 If the fastener and the hole are in good condition: Apply
adhesive into the threaded hole. Follow the procedure to install
2. Apply four or five drops of Meritor liquid adhesive, Loctite 680
old Dri-Loc fasteners.
adhesive or equivalent into each threaded hole or bore only.

Inspection 4. Repeat this procedure for measuring the lower knuckle bore.
Figure 5.4 and Figure 5.5. Refer to the knuckle bore maximum
Parts diameter in Table D.
Axles with Conventional and Unitized Wheel Ends 앫 If measurements at either the upper or lower knuckle
bores exceed the knuckle bore maximum diameter in
WARNING Table D: Replace the knuckle.
Use only dye penetrant inspection techniques on unitized
wheel-end hub units. Be careful not to get penetrant fluids into Figure 5.4
the bore of the hub unit. Do not use fluid immersion-based

crack inspection techniques. The fluids can enter the joint
between the inner bearing cones through the bore of the hub Measure bushing bore
in four positions
unit and damage the lubricant. Serious personal injury and (90˚ opposed).
Refer to the following guidelines to carefully inspect all KING PIN

disassembled parts before assembly. BUSHING
MEASUREMENT
1. Inspect and replace any parts that are worn, cracked or CONVENTIONAL
damaged. Check for cracks using dye penetrant, magnetic flux 1000367c
or fluorescent particle testing methods. Follow the inspection
Figure 5.4
product manufacturer’s procedures.
2. Remove the old bushing from the knuckle. Measure the upper Figure 5.5
knuckle bore inside diameter at two locations. Always use a

UNITIZED Measure upper
micrometer and a telescoping gauge when taking knuckle bore and lower
measurements. Some rounding of the top and bottom bore knuckle bore
edges is acceptable. UPPER in four positions
BORE (90˚ opposed).
3. Measure the bore in four positions and at two locations. The
two locations must be 90 degrees opposite each other.
Figure 5.3.
앫 If the average measurement is more than the knuckle LOWER
bore maximum diameter specification in Table D: BORE
Replace the knuckle. 1000042b
Figure 5.3
Figure 5.5
5. Measure the king pin bushing inside diameter using a

MEASUREMENT micrometer and a telescoping gauge.
PROCEDURE
앫 If the average inside diameter measurement is greater
Measure here, than the king pin bushing maximum inner diameter in
then rotate 90˚. Table D: Install a new bushing.
UPPER
And repeat BORE 6. Measure the inner diameter of the new bushing after
here. installation and reaming in four positions and at two locations.
Do same The two locations must be 90 degrees opposite each other.
down here. 1000366b Figure 5.3.
Figure 5.3

앫 If the average measurement is more than the king pin Figure 5.6
bushing maximum inner diameter specification in Measure bore in

Table D: Replace the bushing. four positions
(90˚ opposed).
7. Measure the inner bore diameter of the axle beam. Rounding 0.5"
at the top and bottom of the beam is acceptable. Measure the (12.7 MM)
AXLE BEAM
axle beam bore at four positions and at two locations. MEASUREMENT
Figure 5.3. Refer to the guidelines below.
A. 0.5-inch (12.7 mm) below the top of the bore. Figure 5.6.
B. 0.5-inch (12.7 mm) above the bottom of the bore.
0.5"
Figure 5.6. (12.7 MM)
1000368b
앫 If the average measurement is greater than the
axle beam bore maximum diameter in Table D: Figure 5.6
Replace the entire axle beam.
Table D: Axle Wear Limits Specifications

Knuckle Bore Maximum Axle Beam Bore Maximum King Pin Bushing Maximum
Model Number Diameter Diameter Inner Diameter
FC-9011 1.2400 in. (31.4960 mm)
2
FC-901 1.2380 in. (31.4420 mm)
1
1.3610 in. (34.569 mm)
FC-903 1.2380 in. (31.4450 mm) 1.2400 in. (31.4960 mm)
FC-9032 1.2380 in. (31.4420 mm)
FC-921 1.3615 in. (34.582 mm) 1.2365 in. (31.4070 mm)
FC-941 1.6295 in. (41.389 mm) 1.5040 in. (38.2020 mm) 1.5020 in. (38.1510 mm)
FD-901 1.5630 in. (39.700 mm) 1.4375 in. (36.5125 mm) 1.4380 in. (36.5250 mm)
FD-931 1.7360 in. (44.094 mm) 1.6110 in. (40.9194 mm) 1.6105 in. (40.9067 mm)
FD-933
FD-961 1.9220 in. (48.818 mm) 1.7980 in. (45.6692 mm) 1.7960 in. (45.6180 mm)
FE-970 1.7360 in. (44.094 mm) 1.6110 in. (40.9194 mm) 1.6105 in. (40.9067 mm)

FF-921
FF-931
FF-932 1.7975 in. (45.6565 mm)
FF-933
FF-934
FF-941
1.7980 in. (45.6692 mm)
FF-942
FF-943
FF-944 1.7960 in. (45.6180 mm)
FF-961
FF-966
FF-967 1.9220 in. (48.818 mm)
FF-971 1.6105 in. (40.9067 mm) 1.6105 in. (40.9067 mm)
FF-981
FF-982
FF-983
1.7960 in. (45.6180 mm)
FF-984
FF-986
1.7980 in. (45.6692 mm)
FF-987
FG-931
1.7975 in. (45.6565 mm)
FG-933
FG-941
1.7960 in. (45.6180 mm)
FG-943
FL-931
2.0030 in. (50.8767 mm)
FL-933
FL-941 2.1270 in. (54.025 mm) 2.0030 in. (50.8762 mm) 2.0010 in. (50.8250 mm)
FL-943
FL-951 2.0030 in. (50.8767 mm)
FU-910
2.1900 in. (55.626 mm) 2.0655 in. (52.4637 mm) 2.0645 in. (52.4383 mm)
FU-935
MFS 6 1.3615 in. (34.582 mm) 1.2380 in. (31.4450 mm) 1.2365 in. (31.4070 mm)
MFS 7
1.6295 in. (41.389 mm) 1.5040 in. (38.2020 mm) 1.5020 in. (38.1510 mm)
MFS 8

MFS 10
MFS 12
1.9220 in. (48.818 mm) 1.7960 in. (45.6180 mm) 1.7980 in. (45.6692 mm)
MFS 13
MFS 14
MFS 16
MFS 18 2.1270 in. (54.025 mm) 2.0030 in. (50.8762 mm) 2.0010 in. (50.8250 mm)
MFS 20
1
Knuckles with nylon bushings.
2
Knuckles with bronze bushings.
Wheel Bearings Figure 5.7
WORN
Axles with Conventional Wheel Ends RADIUS
Inspect the wheel bearings when the hub is removed from the
knuckle spindle.
Remove all lubricant from the bearings, knuckle, hub and hubcap.
Inspect the cup, the cone and the rollers and cage of all bearings. If
any of the following conditions exist, you must replace the bearing. WORN
SURFACE 1000369c
앫 The center of the large diameter end of the rollers is worn level
or below the outer surface. Figure 5.7. Figure 5.7
앫 The radius at the large diameter end of the rollers is worn to a

sharp edge. Figure 5.7. Figure 5.8
앫 There is a visible roller groove in the cup or the cone inner race
surfaces. The groove can be seen at the small or large diameter
end of both parts. Figure 5.8.
CRACK WEAR GROOVE
앫 There are deep cracks or breaks in the cup, the cone inner race
or the roller surfaces. Figure 5.8.
앫 There are bright wear marks on the outer surface of the roller
cage. Figure 5.9.
앫 There is damage on the rollers and on the surfaces of the cup
and the cone inner race that touch the rollers. Figure 5.10. 1000370b
앫 There is damage on the cup and the cone inner surfaces that Figure 5.8
touch the rollers. Figure 5.11.

WEAR MARKS GREASE

FITTING
ALTERNATE
LOCATION
1000465b
1003414a
Figure 5.9
Figure 5.12
Figure 5.10
ETCHING AND PITTING 2. Tighten all grease fittings to 10 lb-ft (13.558 N폷m).
Figure 5.13. @
Figure 5.13
GREASE FITTING
ALTERNATE LOCATION
1000372b
Figure 5.10
Figure 5.11
TORQUE WRENCH
USED TO TIGHTEN
SPALLING
GREASE FITTING
AND
TO SPECIFICATION 1003415b
FLAKING
Figure 5.13
1000373d
Figure 5.11
Tie Rod Grease Fittings

1. If a grease fitting is missing, install a new one. Do not install a
fitting if the tie rod end is a non-greaseable design.
Figure 5.12.

6 Assembly
Hazard Alert Messages Bronze and Easy Steer King Pin Bushing Installation
6 Assembly
without a Press — Axles with Conventional and

Unitized Wheel Ends
this publication. They provide information that can help prevent
serious personal injury, damage to components, or both. NOTE: For some axles you can install the bushings without a press.
Use a bushing service kit to install and ream the bushings. Refer to
WARNING Section 11.
when you perform vehicle maintenance or service. Bronze and Easy Steer bushings have an interference fit in the
knuckle bores and require a bushing installation tool. Refer to
Installation Section 11. To obtain this tool, refer to the Service Notes page on
the front inside cover of this manual.
King Pin Bushings 1. Place the new bushing into the upper knuckle bore. On MFS-7
and -8 front axles, the bushing hole must be aligned with the
Nylon Bushings — Axles with Conventional Wheel
grease fitting hole in the knuckle bore. Figure 6.2.
Ends
1. Insert the nylon bushing into each knuckle bore by hand. The Figure 6.2
entire outer surface of the nylon bushing must be in contact INSTALLATION

with the knuckle bore. TOOL
UPPER KNUCKLE
2. Check the nylon bushing installation before attempting to 1/8" (3 MM) GREASE
DEPTH FITTING
install the knuckle onto the axle beam. INSTALLATION HOLES
3. Pass the king pin through the upper and lower bores. Each
nylon bushing must be fully seated in the knuckle bore. BUSHINGS
4. The bushing lube slots must align with the grease ports in the LOWER KNUCKLE
knuckle. Figure 6.1. 1/8" (3 MM)
DEPTH
INSTALLATION 1000376c
Figure 6.1
NYLON BUSHING ALIGNMENT — Figure 6.2

SIDE GREASE FITTING NYLON
BUSHING
2. Use the installation tool to start the bushing 1/8-inch (3 mm)
STRAIGHT into the upper bore. Figure 6.2. Complete the
installation as described in Table E.
SIDE
GREASE
FITTING
Align bushing
slots with
grease ports. 1000374b
Figure 6.1

6 Assembly
Table E: Bushing Installation and Depth Measurements

Illustration 1 Illustration 2
OUTBOARD CLEARANCE MEASUREMENT INBOARD CLEARANCE MEASUREMENT
A
BUSHINGS
A
BUSHINGS
B 4013394a 4013395a
Press the bushing in to the specified depth as measured Press the bushing in to the specified depth as measured from the
from the outboard flat of the knuckle ear. inboard internal milling of the knuckle ear.
NOTE: Ensure that the bushing grease fitting holes are aligned with the grease supply channel on the knuckles that utilize side
mounted grease fittings.
Depth
Axle Model/ Measurement Bottom Bushing Depth
Bushing Type King Pin Cap Type Series Reference Top Bushing Depth A B
Easy Steer Bolted On Caps FF/FG Illustration 1 — 0.352-0.382″ 0.352-0.382″
Outboard
FL Illustration 2 — 0.135-0.165″ 0.135-0.165″
Inboard
MFS16-23 Illustration 2 — 0.135-0.165″ 0.135-0.165″
Inboard
Threaded Caps MFS06 Illustration 2 — 0.363-0.425″ 0.145-0.208″
MFS07 Inboard
MFS08 Illustration 1 — 0.514-0.554″ 0.439-0.478″

Outboard
MFS10 Illustration 2 — 0.196-0.227″ 0.535-0.565″
MFS12 Inboard
MFS13
MFS14
MFS18-23 Illustration 2 — 0.135-0.165″ 0.135-0.165″
Inboard
MFS12-13 with Illustration 2 — 0.25-0.27″ 0.33-0.35″
Integrated Tie Rod Inboard
Arm
Bronze Bolted On Caps All Illustration 2 — 0.135-0.165″ 0.135-0.165″
Inboard

6 Assembly
3. Turn the knuckle over so that the bottom of the knuckle is UP. Ream the King Pin Bushings
4. Place the new bushing into the lower knuckle bore. On MFS-7
Axles with Conventional and Unitized Wheel Ends —
Bronze and Easy Steer Bushings
5. Use the installation tool to start the bushing 1/8-inch (3 mm) CAUTION
STRAIGHT into the lower bore. Figure 6.2. Complete the Use a fixed reamer to ream the king pin bushings. Do not hone
installation as described in Table E. or burnish the bushings. Damage to the bushings will result.
6. Ream the bushings. Refer to procedure in this section.
NOTE: Reamer tools are available from SPX Kent-Moore. Refer to
Bronze and Easy Steer King Pin Bushing Installation Section 11. To obtain these tools, refer to the Service Notes page on
with a Press — Axles with Conventional and the front inside cover of this manual.
Unitized Wheel Ends
1. Place the knuckle in a vise with brass jaws.
1. Install the top king pin bushing first.
2. Slide the pilot of the reamer through the top bushing until the
WARNING reamer blades touch the bushing. Figure 6.3 and Figure 6.4.
Figure 6.3
manufacturer to avoid damage to components and serious

personal injury. Push down lightly.
2. Place the knuckle in a press with the top of the knuckle toward
the top of the press. The top of the bores must be parallel to REAMING UPPER BUSHING
the top of the press.

3. Place the new bushing into the upper knuckle bore. On MFS-7
4. Use the installation tool to start the bushing 1/8-inch (3 mm) 1000380b
STRAIGHT into the upper bore. Release the pressure.
Figure 6.2. Complete the installation as described in Table E. Figure 6.3
5. Turn the knuckle over so that the bottom of the knuckle is UP.
The bore must be parallel to the top of the press. Figure 6.4
Push down lightly.

6. Place the new bushing into the lower knuckle bore. On MFS-7
7. Use the installation tool to start the bushing 1/8-inch (3 mm)
STRAIGHT into the lower bore. Release the pressure.
Figure 6.2. Complete the installation as described in Table E.
8. Ream the bushings. Refer to procedure in this section.
1000047b
Figure 6.4
3. Rotate the reamer with a light DOWNWARD pressure. Do not

apply too much force. Rotate the reamer smoothly.

6 Assembly
4. After cutting the top bushing, guide the reamer into the bottom Figure 6.7
bushing. Do not allow the tool to drop to the bottom bushing. Both upper and lower
Repeat Steps 2-3. Figure 6.5 and Figure 6.6. inside seal lips must
be away from bore.
Figure 6.5
Push down lightly.
REAMING
LOWER
BUSHING
1000382b
Figure 6.7
1000381c
3. Place the end cap for the knuckle on top of the seal. Slide the
Figure 6.5
king pin through the opposite knuckle bore. Use the king pin to
install the seal. Figure 6.8.
Figure 6.6
Push down lightly. 앫 For bronze bushings: The bottom of the seal must touch
the bushing.
앫 For Easy Steer and nylon bushings: The top of the seal
must be even with the top of the knuckle. Figure 6.9.
Figure 6.8
KING PIN
1000048b
Figure 6.6
CAP
5. Slide the reamer out of the bottom bushing.

앫 If the reamer must be removed through the top
bushing: Rotate the tool in the opposite cutting direction.
1000383c
6. Clean all material from the bushings.
Figure 6.8
Inner Knuckle Bore King Pin Seals
1. Place the top of the knuckle into a vise with brass jaws. The
bottom of the knuckle must be TOWARD you.
2. Place the seal into the bottom of the top knuckle bore. The lip
of the seal must be AWAY from the bore. Figure 6.7.

6 Assembly
MACHINED
SURFACE SEAL
SEAL
INSTALLER
TOOL
KNUCKLE BUSHING
BORE
1000384b 1000051b
4. Turn the knuckle over in the vise. The jaws of the vise must 3. After installing the Easy Steer bushings, the top of the seal
hold the bottom of the knuckle, and the top of the knuckle must must be even with the inner machined surface of each knuckle
be toward you. bore. Figure 6.9.
5. Place the seal into the top of the bottom knuckle bore. The lip 4. Turn the knuckle over to the UP position. Place the seal lightly
of the seal must be AWAY from the bore. Figure 6.7. into the inner bore. The seal lip must be AWAY from the bore.
Figure 6.9.
6. Repeat Step 3 of this procedure.
5. Use a seal installer tool to press the seal firmly into the knuckle
Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends bore. Figure 6.11. The top of the seal must be even with the
1. Turn the knuckle OVER. Place the seal lightly into the inner inner machined surface of each knuckle bore. Figure 6.9.
bore. The seal lip must be AWAY from the bore. Figure 6.9 and
Figure 6.10. Knuckle to the Axle Beam
Figure 6.10
WARNING
of a part can break off. Serious personal injury and damage to
components can result.

1. Clean the bores of the knuckle and the axle beam.
Both upper and lower NOTE: The one-piece thrust bearing with an integrated grease seal
inside seal lips must be is completely interchangeable with the two-piece design. It has a
away from bore. 1000050b specified top and bottom orientation.
Figure 6.10
2. Install the seal onto the thrust bearing. Figure 6.12. The
surface with the inner diameter seal must be on the top. The
2. Use a seal installer tool to press the seal firmly into the knuckle
surface with the outer diameter seal must be on the bottom.
bore. Figure 6.11.
Figure 6.13.
A. On cover-type seals: Install the seal over the open end of
the bearing.

6 Assembly
B. On flat-type seals: Install the seal over the closed part of

WARNING
the bearing.
Wear gloves when you install the shims. Shims have sharp
Figure 6.12
edges that can cause serious personal injury.
SEAL TYPES
COVER FLAT 4. Inspect the shims for damage before installation.
A. Replace damaged shims with the same size shims, or in
BEARING combination, that allow the least amount of knuckle end
RETAINER play.
B. If a new shim pack is required, select the amount of
SEAL
shims that will give the least amount of end play.
BEARING CAGE, 5. After inspection, place the shims on top of the axle beam bore
OPEN SIDE UP BEARING
RETAINER 1000385a machined surface. Align the shims for king pin installation.
Figure 6.12 6. Place the knuckle onto the axle beam.

7. Place a pry bar between the steering arm boss and the axle
Figure 6.13
beam. Lift the knuckle and slide the shim pack between the top
TOP INNER
DIAMETER of the beam and the knuckle. Figure 6.15.
SEAL
Figure 6.15
TOP
PRY
BAR
BOTTOM
INTEGRATED
GREASE SEAL 1000386b
Figure 6.13
SHIM
1000388b
3. Install the seal and thrust bearing assembly on the inner
knuckle. The seal must face UPWARD toward the beam. The Figure 6.15
top inner diameter will contact the bottom of the axle beam.
Figure 6.14. 8. Align all the bores. If the bores are not aligned, the parts will be
damaged when the king pin is installed.
Figure 6.14
9. Remove the pry bar.

10. Before installing the king pin into the top of the knuckle, apply
the multi-purpose grease onto the bottom half of the king pin.
11. Verify that you can see the word “TOP,” which is stamped on
the king pin. Figure 6.16.
INTEGRAL THRUST
BEARING SEAL
ASSEMBLY
1000387b
Figure 6.14

6 Assembly
Figure 6.16
Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends
“TOP” 1. Clean the bores of the knuckle and axle beam.
KING PIN WARNING

Wear gloves when you install the shims. Shims have sharp
edges that can cause serious personal injury.
2. Inspect the shims for any damage before installation.

A. Replace damaged shims with same size shims, or in
1000389b combination, that allow the least amount of knuckle end
play.
Figure 6.16
B. If a new shim pack is required, select the amount of
12. Rotate the king pin so that the two draw key slots of the pin shims that will give the least amount of end play.
correctly align with the draw key slots in the knuckle. 3. After inspection, place the shims on top of the axle beam bore
13. Install the king pin into the TOP of the knuckle and through the machined surface. Align the shims for king pin installation.
area where the shims are located. Do not force the pin through Figure 6.18.
the top bushing.
Figure 6.18
14. If required, use a hammer and a brass drift to apply direct force
to the king pin for seating it into the lower knuckle bore.
SHIMS
15. Seat the top draw key into the front of the beam. Refer to Table
F. Seat the bottom draw key into the back of the beam by
striking it with a hammer and drift. The keys must align with
the slots of the king pin. Do not install or tighten the locknuts
before checking the knuckle end play. Figure 6.17.
Table F: Threaded or Plain Draw Keys

1000053b
Threaded Draw Keys Plain Draw Keys
Figure 6.18
All other axle models FC-901, FC-921, FE-970,
FF-971 and FL-901
4. Place the knuckle onto the axle beam.
NOTE: The one-piece bearing with an integrated grease seal is

Figure 6.17
completely interchangeable with the two-piece design. It has a

specific top and bottom orientation.
5. Slide the thrust bearing and seal assembly between the bottom
knuckle bore and the bottom of the axle beam. The surface
with the inner diameter seal must be on the top. The surface
with the outer diameter seal must be on the bottom.
앫 The shims must not move out of position above the axle
1000357a beam bore.
Figure 6.17

6 Assembly
앫 The integral thrust bearing seal assembly must be Figure 6.21
positioned with the inner diameter seal on top and the

flanged bottom down.
“TOP”
앫 All the bores must be aligned with the king pin area. If the
bores are not aligned, the parts will be damaged when the
king pin is installed. KING PIN
Figure 6.19
TOP INNER
DIAMETER
SEAL
1000056b
Figure 6.21
FLANGED
BOTTOM
8. Rotate the pin so that the two draw key slots of the pin
1000054b
correctly align with the draw key holes in the knuckle.
Figure 6.19
9. Install the king pin into the top of the knuckle and through the
area where the shims are located.
Figure 6.20
10. Use a hammer and a brass drift to apply direct force to the king
INTEGRAL THRUST
BEARING SEAL pin for seating it into the lower knuckle bore.
ASSEMBLY
11. Seat the top draw key into the front of the beam. Seat the
bottom draw key into the back of the beam by striking it with a
hammer and drift. The keys must align with the slots of the
king pin. Do not install or tighten the locknuts.
12. Check the knuckle end play. Refer to procedure in this section.
Check Steer Knuckle Vertical End Play

1000055b Table G: End Play Specifications
New or Rebuilt Axles 0.001-0.010-inch
Figure 6.20
(0.025-0.254 mm)
6. Before installing the king pin into the top of the knuckle, apply In-Service Axles 0.001-0.030-inch
the multi-purpose grease onto the bottom half of the king pin. (0.025-0.762 mm)
7. Verify that you can see the word “TOP,” which is stamped on
the king pin. Figure 6.21.
1. Strike the boss of the knuckle with a rubber mallet to move the
parts into position. Figure 6.22.

6 Assembly
1000391b
1000393b
Figure 6.22
Figure 6.24
2. Turn the knuckle to the straight-ahead position.
3. Attach a dial indicator. Place the base onto the knuckle. Place Figure 6.25
the tip onto the center of the king pin. Set the dial indicator to
ZERO. Figure 6.23.
Figure 6.23
WOOD
BLOCK
1000394a
MAGNETIC
BASE LOCATED
AT EITHER PLACE 1000392b
Figure 6.25
Figure 6.23
5. Repeat Steps 3-4 with the axle in the full RIGHT and full LEFT
4. Use one of the following methods to measure the end play. positions.
앫 Place a pry bar between the knuckle and the top of the axle 6. Record the reading on the dial indicator.
center. Push the knuckle up and measure the end play. 앫 If the knuckle binds or ZERO end play is measured:
Figure 6.24. Remove the shims from the shim pack.
앫 Place a block of wood and a hydraulic jack under the 앫 If the reading is more than the correct specification
bottom of the knuckle. Raise the knuckle until the pointer shown in Table G: Add shims to the shim pack.
on the dial indicator stops. Figure 6.25.
Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends — Curbside
Knuckle End Play
1. Turn the wheels to the STRAIGHT position. Secure the dial
indicator base onto the axle beam.
2. Place the dial indicator tip onto the upper king pin cap.

6 Assembly
3. Place a jack and a wood block, with a hole that allows Figure 6.27
clearance for the lower king pin grease fitting, under the lower CAP
DRIVER SIDE
king pin cap area. REMOVED
4. Set the dial indicator to ZERO. Lift

here.
5. Raise the jack until the axle beam is slightly raised from the
safety stands. Measure and record the dial indicator reading.
Figure 6.26.
Figure 6.26
1000057c
CURBSIDE Figure 6.27
Draw Key Lock Nuts

WARNING
WOOD
BLOCK
of a part can break off. Serious personal injury and damage to
1000058c components can result.
Figure 6.26
CAUTION
Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends — Driver Side Verify that the draw key is installed completely or the lock nut
Knuckle End Play is tightened to 30-45 lb-ft (41-61 N폷m). If not installed
1. Turn the wheels to the STRAIGHT position. Remove the king pin correctly, the king pin and the axle beam will be damaged. @
cap.
Table H identifies the axles equipped with plain draw keys.
2. Install a dial indicator with the base on the steering arm. Place
the dial indicator tip onto the exposed king pin top. Table H: Threaded or Plain Draw Keys
3. Set the dial indicator to ZERO. Threaded Draw Keys Plain Draw Keys
4. Raise the jack until the axle beam is slightly raised from the All other axle models FC-901, FC-921, FE-970,
safety stands. Measure and record the dial indicator reading. FF-971 and FL-901
Figure 6.27.
앫 If the end play is within allowable specifications: Install Plain Draw Keys — Axles with Conventional and
the draw key lock nuts. Unitized Wheel Ends
앫 If the reading is ZERO: Excessive stress is placed on the Use a hammer and a brass drift to install the draw key into the axle
bearing. Remove the knuckle and remove shims from the beam and knuckle. The key must be installed 1/32-1/8-inch
shim pack. Determine a thinner shim pack. (1-3 mm) below the outer surface of the beam. Figure 6.28.

specifications shown in Table G: Remove the knuckle.
Add shims to the shim pack.

6 Assembly
Figure 6.28
King Pin Caps
Bolt-On King Pin Caps
1. Install new gaskets and the caps onto the top and the bottom
of the knuckle. Install the capscrews and the washers and
tighten to 20-30 lb-ft (28-40 N폷m). Figure 6.31. @
Figure 6.31
CAP
1000390a GASKET
Figure 6.28
Threaded Draw Keys — Axles with Conventional

and Unitized Wheel Ends
Install the lock nut and tighten it to 30-45 lb-ft (41-61 N폷m).
1000397b
Figure 6.29 and Figure 6.30. @
Figure 6.31
Figure 6.29
CONVENTIONAL 2. Connect the tie rod arm to the knuckle. Refer to procedure in
Tighten nut to this section.
30-45 lb-ft
(41-61 N•m).
Threaded King Pin Caps
WARNING
When you apply some silicone gasket materials, a small
amount of acid vapor is present. To prevent serious personal
injury, ensure that the work area is well-ventilated. Read the
1000396c manufacturer’s instructions before using a silicone gasket
material, then carefully follow the instructions. If a silicone
Figure 6.29
gasket material gets into your eyes, follow the manufacturer’s
emergency procedures. Have your eyes checked by a
Figure 6.30
physician as soon as possible.

DRAW KEY
NUT 30-45 LB-FT 1. Apply the sealant, part number 2297-D-7076, onto the
(41-61 N•m) threads. To obtain these supplies, refer to the Service Notes
page on the front inside cover of this manual.
2. Install the threaded king pin caps onto the top and the bottom
of the knuckle.
UNITIZED 3. Tighten the king pin caps to 70-90 lb-ft (95-120 N폷m).
1000060b
Figure 6.32. @
Figure 6.30

6 Assembly
Figure 6.32
MFS Axles with Bolt-On, Integrated Steering and Tie
Rod Arm Assemblies
1. Mount the integrated steering and tie rod arm assembly onto
the four brake spider retaining capscrews that extend through
the lower knuckle holes. Figure 6.34.
Figure 6.34
CAPSCREW
WASHER
NUT
4011286a
Figure 6.32
4. Connect the tie rod end assembly to the integral knuckle arm.
Refer to procedure in this section.. 12-POINT
FERRY-HEAD BOLT 4012376a
Steering Arm Figure 6.34
Axles with Keyed Steering Arm 2. Install the four washers and nuts and hand tighten.
1. Press the key into the slot in the arm. Install the steering arm
3. Install the two 12-point Ferry-head bolts through the integrated
into the knuckle. Figure 6.33.
steering and tie rod arm assembly into the knuckle and hand
Figure 6.33
tighten.
4. Tighten the four nuts to 390-450 lb-ft (530-610 N폷m). @
STEERING
ARM COTTER 5. Tighten the two 12-point Ferry-head bolts to 310-400 lb-ft
PIN
(420-542 N폷m). @
6. Install the cross tube assembly tie rod end into the tapered hole
in the integrated steering and tie rod arm assembly.
7. Install the castle nut and tighten to 160-300 lb-ft
(217-406 N폷m). @
NUT KEY
4000693a 8. Install the cotter pin. If necessary, tighten the nut until the holes
are aligned. Do not loosen the nut to install the cotter pin.
Figure 6.33
2. Install the nuts. Tighten to the specified torque. Refer to

Section 10.
3. Install the cotter pins. If necessary, tighten the nut until the
holes are aligned. Do not loosen the nut to install the cotter pin.
4. Lubricate the drag link end that connects to the steering arm.
Refer to Section 9.
5. Check for correct operation.

6 Assembly
Axles with Bolt-On Steering Arm The replacement cross tube must be the same length and diameter
as the original tube. Use the thread count as a guide. Install the tie
WARNING rod ends into the threaded cross tube ends to the approximate
Take care when you use Loctite adhesive to avoid serious depth marked during the tie rod assembly removal. Figure 6.36.
personal injury. Read the manufacturer’s instructions before
using this product. Follow the instructions carefully to prevent Figure 6.36
irritation to the eyes and skin. If Loctite adhesive material Tie rod end is
installed past TIE ROD
gets into you eyes, follow the manufacturer’s emergency END
cross tube slot.
procedures. Have your eyes checked by a physician as soon as
possible.
1. Use a wire brush to remove old Loctite adhesive from

capscrew bolts and internal threads of the knuckle. Reapply
Meritor specification 2297-C-7049 liquid adhesive or Loctite
680 adhesive. At least half of the thread area must be covered. BOTTOM
VIEW
TUBE MARKS
2. Insert the bolts through the steering arm. Hand-start the bolts SLOT CROSS
into the knuckle assembly. Figure 6.35. TUBE 1003281c
3. Tighten the arm bolts to the following specification. Figure 6.36
앫 MFS-6 axles: 215-265 lb-ft (290-360 N폷m) @

If you are installing new tie rod ends, thread the tie rod ends to the
앫 MFS-7 or MFS-8 axles: 360-470 lb-ft (490-638 N폷m) @ approximate original depth inside the cross tube. Figure 6.37.
앫 All other axles: 300-450 lb-ft (406-610 N폷m) @
Figure 6.37
Figure 6.35
A
215-265 LB-FT (290-360 N•m) (MFS-6)
360-470 LB-FT (490-638 N•m) (MFS-7 AND MFS-8)
300-450 LB-FT (406-610 N•m) (ALL OTHER AXLES)
When assembling A=B
the tie rods into
the cross tube,
B
equalize the
thread depth
at both ends.
1003418b
Figure 6.37
1000062b Both tie rod ends must be installed into the cross tube deeper than
the end of the cross tube slot. Figure 6.36.
Figure 6.35
1. Verify that the tab on the clamp, when available, is firmly
seated against the end of the cross tube. Otherwise, verify the
Install the Tie Rod Ends Into the Cross Tube
clamp-guiding female emboss seats into the tube male
NOTE: The cross tube has right-hand threads on the right side of emboss.
the vehicle and left-hand threads on the left side of the vehicle. 2. Install the nuts and the bolts into the clamps. Tighten to the
specified torque. Refer to Section 10.

6 Assembly
앫 If the tab on the clamp is tack-welded: Do not remove Figure 6.39
the tack weld. If you remove the tack weld, you will reduce Tie rod end is
the clamping force. installed past TIE ROD
cross tube slot. END
Tie Rod Arms, Tie Rod Ends and Cross Tube
Assembly
Axles with Removable Tie Rod Arms
NOTE: For MFS axles with bolt-on, integrated steering and tie rod BOTTOM VIEW
arm assemblies, refer to the steering arm installation procedure to TUBE
install the tie rod arms. SLOT
CROSS MARKS
TUBE 1003281a
NOTE: If a different size tie rod arm is installed, the steering
geometry is changed and may cause tire wear. Contact the Meritor Figure 6.39
OnTrac™ Customer Call Center at 866-OnTrac1 (668-7221).
5. Install the nuts and the bolts into the clamps. The clamp tab,
1. Press the key into the slot in the arm. Install the tie rod arm into when available, must be firmly seated against the cross tube.
the knuckle. Figure 6.38. Figure 6.40. Otherwise, the clamp-guiding female emboss
must be seated into the tube male emboss. Figure 6.41,
Figure 6.38
Figure 6.42 and Figure 6.43. Tighten to the specified torque.
Refer to Section 10.
KNUCKLE
Figure 6.40
TIE ROD ARM

CLAMP CROSS TUBE
TIE ROD TAB
TIE ROD
END
END
1003284b
Figure 6.38
2. Install the nut onto the tie rod arm. Tighten to the specified BOLT
torque. Refer to Section 10. AND NUT 1003283c
3. Install the cotter pins. If necessary, tighten the nut slightly, Figure 6.40
increasing the final torque value until the holes are aligned. Do
not loosen the nut to install the cotter pin.
NOTE: The cross tube has right-hand threads on one end and
left-hand threads on the other end.
4. If removed, install the tie rod ends into the cross tube to the
position marked during removal. Figure 6.39. Thread the ends
equally into the cross tube to the required length. The threaded
portion of the tie rod end must be installed into the cross tube
beyond the end of the slot.

6 Assembly
Figure 6.41 8. Install the tie rod ends into the tie rod arms. Install the castle
nuts onto the tie rod ends. Tighten the castle nuts to the
CLAMP CROSS
TIE ROD EMBOSS TUBE specified torque. Refer to Section 10.
END
9. Install the cotter pins. If necessary, tighten the nut until the
10. Check and, if necessary, adjust the toe. Refer to Section 7.
BOLT Cross Tube and Tie Rod Ends

AND NUT
4011293a Axles with Integral Tie Rod Arms
Figure 6.41 NOTE: The cross tube has right-hand threads on one end and
left-hand threads on the other end.
Figure 6.42
1. If the tie rods have been removed, reinstall the tie rod ends into
CROSS SECTION VIEW
the cross tube to the position marked during removal. Thread
TUBE MALE EMBOSS FITS
INTO CLAMP FEMALE EMBOSS
the ends equally into the cross tube to the required length.
Figure 6.44.
Figure 6.44
CROSS TIE ROD

TUBE END
4011294a
Figure 6.42
Figure 6.43
FITTING
EMBOSSES TUBE MARKS
SLOT 1000064c
Figure 6.44
2. Install the nuts and the bolts into the clamps. The clamp tab,
CROSS
when available, must be firmly seated against the cross tube.
CLAMP TUBE Figure 6.40. Otherwise, the clamp-guiding female emboss
must be seated into the tube male emboss. Figure 6.41,
4011295a
Figure 6.42 and Figure 6.43. Tighten the nut to the specified
Figure 6.43 torque. Refer to Section 10.
3. Clean and dry the tie rod end taper and the tie rod arm taper
6. Check the tie rod boot for cracks, tears or other damage. Also hole. Figure 6.45.
check the boot seals for damage. Replace the entire tie rod end
if the boot is damaged or missing.
7. Clean and dry the tie rod taper and the tie rod arm taper hole.

6 Assembly
Figure 6.45
Preferred Method — Replacing Studs with the Hub
Installed on the Vehicle
WARNING
prevent the vehicle from moving. Support the vehicle with
safety stands. Do not work under a vehicle supported only by
TIE ROD jacks. Jacks can slip and fall over. Serious personal injury and
ARM
TIE ROD
END
1000066b 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to prevent
the vehicle from moving.
Figure 6.45
4. Install the tie rod ends into the tie rod arms. Install the castle Support the vehicle with safety stands.
nuts onto the tie rod ends. Tighten the castle nuts to the 3. Mark the wheel and hub relationship. Remove the wheel and
specified torque. Refer to Section 10. tire assembly. Use a paint stick to mark the wheel studs you
5. Install the cotter pins. If necessary, tighten the nut until the are removing. Figure 6.46. Do not reuse the studs.
Figure 6.46
6. Check and, if necessary, adjust the toe. Refer to Section 7.
Replace the Studs on a Unitized Wheel End

WARNING
Do not use a hammer to remove or install studs. A hammer can
cause impact damage to the bearing raceway, which will
reduce bearing life. Serious personal injury and damage to
Ensure that you do not damage stud threads during installation

4000521a
procedures. Damaged threads will not allow the stud to
provide the required clamp to support the wheel retention Figure 6.46
system. The wheels can loosen and separate from the vehicle.
Serious personal injury and damage to components can result. 4. If necessary, back off the brake at the slack adjuster until the
brake shoes retract and the drum clears the linings.
NOTE: These procedures apply to axles with a barrel spindle, Figure 6.47.
integral tie rod arms and sealed hub units.
If a stud is stripped and needs replacement, use one of the following

procedures.

6 Assembly
Figure 6.47 7. Use a crocus cloth to clean all the flat surfaces on the wheel
and hub.
8. Position the new studs into the hub. Align the stud knurls with
the impressions in the hub stud hole. Figure 6.50.
Figure 6.50
4000522a
Figure 6.47
5. Remove the brake drum. Figure 6.48.

4000525a
Figure 6.48
Figure 6.50
WARNING
Do not lubricate studs or nut threads. Lubricants will not
enable you to tighten fasteners correctly, which causes
excessive clamp load. Studs can break and cause wheels to
loosen and separate from the vehicle. Serious personal injury
can result.
4000523a
9. Add two drops of oil between the body and flange on the stud
Figure 6.48 nuts. Do not use more than two drops of oil. Figure 6.51.
Figure 6.51
6. Use a 1/2-inch (12.7 mm) drive impact wrench and a ball joint
removal kit to remove the studs. Figure 6.49. Apply oil here.
NUT
Figure 6.49
FLANGE
NUT THREADS
HEX
PORTION
4000527a
Figure 6.51
4000524a
Figure 6.49

6 Assembly
WARNING Figure 6.54
Install nuts with the correct thread size on the studs. A nut
with an incorrect thread size will not turn freely on the stud or
will fit loosely on the stud. The thread can strip, which can
cause loss of clamp load. The wheels can loosen and separate
from the vehicle. Serious personal injury and damage to
10. Position the nuts onto the studs. Use a 1/2-inch (12.7 mm)
drive impact wrench to draw the stud into the hub. Do not
exceed 300 lb-ft (408 N폷m). Figure 6.52 and Figure 6.53. @
4000530a
Figure 6.52
Figure 6.54
12. Remove all the nuts. Install the wheel and tire assembly.
13. Discard all removed studs.
Alternate Method — Replacing Studs with the Hub

Removed from the Vehicle
1. Remove the unitized wheel end from the spindle. Refer to
Section 4.
4000528a 2. Support the inboard side of the flange adjacent to the stud
head and perpendicular to the press cylinder.
Figure 6.52
WARNING
Figure 6.53
manufacturer to avoid damage to components and serious

personal injury.
3. Use a press on the threaded end of the stud to force the stud
out of the flange. Discard all removed studs.
4. Turn over the unitized wheel end. Support the outboard side of
the flange close to the stud hole and perpendicular to the press
cylinder.
4000529a 5. Use a press on the stud head applying no more than 10,000
pounds (4540 kg) of force to seat the new stud.
Figure 6.53
6. Install the unitized wheel end. Refer to procedure in this
11. Use a 0.0015-inch (0.0381 mm) feeler gauge to check that section.
the stud is correctly seated. Figure 6.54.
앫 If the stud is not correctly seated: Remove the stud,
clean all surfaces and install a new stud as described
previously.
앫 If the stud is still not correctly seated: Replace the hub.

6 Assembly
Unitized Wheel End Figure 6.55
3-1/2" PLASTIC SPINDLE

50-100 LB-FT O-RING
WARNING (67-135 N•m)
Use only dye penetrant inspection techniques on unitized 3-1/2" ALUMINUM
wheel-end hub units. Be careful not to get penetrant fluids in 325-375 LB-FT
(440-508 N•m)
the bore of the hub unit. Do not use fluid immersion-based
crack inspection techniques. The fluids can enter the joint
between the inner bearing cones through the bore of the hub 500-700 LB-FT
unit and damage the lubricant. Serious personal injury and (677-949 N•m)
damage to components can result. 200-300 LB-FT
(271-406 N•m) 1000063c
1. Inspect and replace any parts that are worn, cracked or Figure 6.55
damaged. Check for cracks using dye penetrant, magnetic flux
or fluorescent particle testing methods. Follow the
manufacturer’s procedures. CAUTION
Align the unitized wheel end STRAIGHT onto the spindle. Do
2. Clean the unitized wheel-end inner bore and spindle with a not allow the assembly to misalign and contact the spindle
clean, dry rag. Do not apply solvent. threads. Bearing damage can occur that requires replacement
3. Check the bore of the unitized wheel end for any obstructions of the entire unitized wheel end.
and check the spindle for any nicks or burrs.
7. Carefully align the unitized wheel-end bore with the spindle
NOTE: The spindle O-ring, Meritor part number 5X-1301 contained and slide the unitized wheel end STRAIGHT onto the spindle.
in Kit 1433, makes it easier for you to remove the unitized 앫 If the unitized wheel end does not slide on easily: Do
wheel-end hub from the spindle because it helps to prevent not force it onto the spindle. The unitized wheel end can
contaminants from entering the assembly. When you remove the become jammed on the spindle if it is not aligned correctly
unitized wheel-end hub, install a new O-ring. with the spindle.
4. Coat the new O-ring with a thin coat of Meritor part number 앫 If the unitized wheel end becomes jammed on the
2297-C-8297 or Dow Corning Molykote D to assist in installing spindle: Carefully remove the unitized wheel end from the
the O-ring. spindle so that the inner bearings do not disassemble or
loosen from the unitized wheel end.
WARNING 8. Install the inner “D” washer and inner wheel bearing nut onto
Do not apply anti-seize or anti-fretting compound to spindle the spindle stud. Tighten the inner wheel bearing nut to
threads. These compounds decrease a fastener assembly’s 500-700 lb-ft (678-949 N폷m) while rotating the unitized wheel
capability to maintain clamp load, which can cause wheels to end a minimum of five rotations. Figure 6.55. @
loosen and separate from the vehicle. Serious personal injury
and damage to components can result. 9. Install the tabbed washer and outer wheel bearing nut onto the
spindle. Tighten the outer wheel bearing nut to 200-300 lb-ft
5. Coat the inside of the unitized wheel end with anti-seize (271-406 N폷m). @
compound. Make certain to cover the inner and outer bearing
races. Do not apply anti-seize or anti-fretting compound onto NOTE: The inner wheel bearing nut and the outer wheel bearing nut
the spindle or threads. Wipe away any anti-seize or are identical, but the torque values are different.
anti-fretting compound that may have dripped onto the spindle
10. Bend the parts of the tabbed washer that protrude over the
threads.
flats of the outer wheel bearing nut and the inner wheel
6. Slide a new O-ring, Meritor part number 5X-1301, onto the bearing nut. Bend the washer a minimum of one flat edge to
spindle. The O-ring must be positioned against the knuckle each nut.
journal. Figure 6.55.

6 Assembly
Hubcaps 4. Use a torque wrench with the correct size socket to tighten
plastic hubcaps to 50-100 lb-ft (67-135 N폷m). Disregard the
NOTE: Threaded plastic and metal hubcaps are interchangeable. torque value embossed on the hubcap. Refer to Table I. @
Snap-ring and threaded hubcaps are not interchangeable.
Table I: Threaded Hubcaps
Threaded Plastic Hubcaps Threaded RTV sealant (Meritor part 50-100 lb-ft
plastic hubcap number 2297-Z-7098 (67-135 N폷m)
NOTE: It is not necessary to remove residual Loctite sealant from RTV sealant, Loctite
Metal 325-376 lb-ft
the original hubcap installation. adhesive sealant number
(aluminum) (440-508 N폷m)
hubcap 5699)
1. Wipe the inner truck hub unit threads with a clean shop cloth.
Do not use compressed air, solvents or power washers to clean
the hub unit threads. Metal (Aluminum) Hubcaps
앫 To remove grease or mud from the exposed inner 1. Clean the INNER unitized wheel-end threads and threaded
threads: Use a wire brush to remove grease or mud from hubcap external threads with a wire brush. Apply Meritor part
the inner hub unit threads. Wipe the inner threads with a number 2297-Z-7098 RTV sealant, Loctite adhesive sealant
clean shop cloth. number 5699, to the hubcap threads.
2. Turn the hubcap by hand until it’s seated.
WARNING
3. Use a torque wrench with the correct size socket to tighten the
Only use RTV sealant (Meritor part number 2297-Z-7098,
hubcap to 325-375 lb-ft (440-508 N폷m). Refer to Table I. @
Loctite adhesive sealant number 5699) when you service a
unitized wheel-end assembly. Do not use any other brand of
Reusing the Threaded Hubcaps
RTV sealant, which can cause corrosion, damage and
incompatibility between unitized wheel-end components. If you observe any of the following conditions while tightening a used
Serious personal injury and damage to components can result. hubcap, replace the hubcap with a new one.
앫 The hubcap “jumps” threads and makes a popping sound while
2. Apply a continuous 1/8-3/16-inch (3-5 mm) bead of RTV you’re tightening it.
sealant to the outside first thread around the entire
circumference of the hubcap. You must use Meritor part 앫 The hubcap begins to yield because threads are stripped.
number 2297-Z-7098 RTV sealant, Loctite adhesive sealant 앫 You cannot achieve the correct torque specification of
number 5699. Figure 6.56. 50-100 lb-ft (67-135 N폷m) for plastic hubcaps or 325-375 lb-ft
(440-508 N폷m) for metal hubcaps.
Figure 6.56
Snap-Ring Hubcaps — Hub Puller and Screwdriver

Method
There are two methods for installing a hubcap with a snap ring. You
can either use a hub puller and flat-blade screwdriver, or a punch
and mallet.
1. Install the hubcap into the hub unit by hand. Figure 6.57.
1003399b
Figure 6.56
3. Install the plastic hubcap into the unitized wheel end by hand.

6 Assembly
4000306a
4000304a
Figure 6.59
Figure 6.57
6. Verify that the snap ring is correctly seated in the groove.

2. Insert the square end of the snap ring into the recess of the
hubcap. Press the snap ring into position. This will seat the Snap-Ring Hubcaps — Punch and Mallet Method
snap ring flat against the hubcap flange.
1. If a hub puller is not available, install the hubcap into the hub
3. Use a wrench and the hub puller to install the hubcap into the unit by hand. Figure 6.57.
hub unit. Figure 6.58.
2. Insert the square end of the snap ring into the recess of the
Figure 6.58
hubcap. Press the snap ring into position. This will seat the
HUB snap ring flat against the hubcap flange.
PULLER
NOTE: Don’t use a steel hammer to install and seat the snap ring.
You’ll damage the hubcap. Use a dead-blow mallet.
3. Use a punch to apply pressure to the opening end of the snap

ring. Strike the hubcap several times with a dead-blow mallet
at the same time.
4. Move the punch CLOCKWISE around the snap ring to install it
4000305a into the hub unit groove.
Figure 6.58 5. Strike the hubcap several times with a dead-blow mallet to fully
seat the snap ring.
4. Position a hub puller over the hubcap. Use a steel spacer
between the hubcap and the hub puller threaded stud to avoid
scratching the hubcap surface.
5. Use a screwdriver to install the snap ring into the hub unit
groove. Press the end of the snap ring and continue around the
entire length of the snap ring. Figure 6.59.

6 Assembly
Drag Link
Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s procedures. Figure 6.60.
Figure 6.60
PITMAN DRAG
ARM LINK STEERING
ARM 1000402b
Figure 6.60
Brake Components and Wheel Ends

1. Install the brake assembly onto the knuckle. Refer to the
vehicle manufacturer’s procedures. Lubricate the wheel
bearings. Refer to Section 9.
2. Install the outer wheel bearing cone into the hub. Install the
adjusting nut.
3. Adjust the wheel bearings. Refer to Section 7. Refer to the
wheel-end hardware manufacturer’s procedures if necessary.
4. Install the cap and the gasket onto the hub. Install the
capscrews and tighten to 20-30 lb-ft (27-41 N폷m). @
5. Install the wheel and tire assembly. Lower the vehicle to the
ground. Check for correct operation.
6. Check and adjust the toe. Refer to Section 7.

7 Adjustment
Hazard Alert Messages 7. Refer to any additional rear axle and suspension
7 Adjustment
recommendations and specifications from the vehicle

Read and observe all Warning and Caution hazard alert messages in manufacturer.
serious personal injury, damage to components, or both.
Alignment
WARNING
Front Wheel Alignment
when you perform vehicle maintenance or service. Check the front wheel alignment:
1. Every 200,000 miles (320 000 km) or 24 months (normal
Inspection maintenance).
2. When the vehicle does not steer correctly.
Inspection Before Alignment
3. To correct a tire wear condition.
Parts
Refer to Section 3 in this manual. Minor Front Wheel Alignment
Perform a minor front wheel alignment for all normal maintenance
Wheels and Tires conditions using the following procedure.
1. Verify that the tires are inflated to the specified pressure. 1. Inspect all systems that affect the wheel alignment. Refer to
2. Verify that the front tires are the same size and type. procedure in this section.
3. Verify that the lug nuts are tightened to the specified torque. 2. Check and adjust the wheel bearings or wheel bearing end play
for the unitized wheel end.
4. Verify that the wheels are balanced.
3. Check and adjust the toe.
5. Check for bent or damaged wheels.
Major Front Wheel Alignment
Front Suspension
Perform a major front wheel alignment to correct steering and tire
1. Verify that all fasteners are tightened to the specified torque.
wear conditions using the following procedure.
2. Inspect the leaf springs for wear and damage.
1. Inspect all systems that affect the wheel alignment. Refer to
3. Inspect the shock absorbers for wear and damage. procedure in this section.
Rear Axle and Rear Suspension 2. Check and adjust the wheel bearings. For models with unitized
wheel ends, check wheel bearing end play for the unitized
Front tire wear can be caused by the rear axle. If the outer edge of wheel end. Refer to Section 3.
one front tire is worn and the inner edge of the other front tire is
worn, check the following. 3. Check and adjust the maximum turn angle.
1. All fasteners are tightened to the specified torque. 앫 If the vehicle has power steering: Check and adjust the
pressure relief in the power steering system. Refer to
2. The leaf springs are not worn or damaged. procedure in this section.
3. The bushings in the leaf springs are not worn or damaged. 4. Check and adjust the turning radius angle. Refer to procedure
4. The torque rods, if used, are correctly adjusted. in this section.
5. The frame is not bent. 5. Check the king pin, or steering axis, inclination. Refer to
procedure in this section.
6. The rear axle, especially a tandem axle, is correctly aligned.
Refer to the vehicle or the suspension manufacturer’s 6. Check the camber angle. Refer to procedure in this section.
procedure.

7 Adjustment
CAUTION Figure 7.1
Replace damaged or out-of-specification axle components. Do With the indicator

not bend, repair or recondition axle components by welding or mounted at the
heat-treating. A bent axle beam reduces axle strength, affects bottom, push and
pull at the side
of the tire.
personal injury and damage to components can result.
7. Check and adjust the caster angle. Refer to procedure in this

section.
8. Check and adjust the toe. Refer to procedure in this section. 1000333c
Check and Adjust Figure 7.1
Wheel Bearings NOTE: Do not push or pull at the top and bottom of the hub or
The most accurate bearing end play measurement is obtained with drum, which can affect the end play measurement.
the brake drum and tires removed.
6. Measure the end play by pushing and pulling on each side of
앫 If the brake drum and tires are installed and the bearing
the hub or drum while looking at the dial indicator. The end
end play is greater than 0.003-inch (0.0762 mm): Remove
play is the total travel observed.
the brake drum and the tire-wheel assembly. Recheck bearing
end play. 앫 If the end play is 0.001-0.005-inch (0.025-0.127 mm):
The bearings do not need adjustment.
WARNING 앫 If the end play is not 0.001-0.005-inch
(0.025-0.127 mm): Adjust the wheel bearings. Figure 7.1.
safety stands. Do not work under a vehicle supported only by 7. On double nut and lock fasteners: Bend the lock washer off
jacks. Jacks can slip and fall over. Serious personal injury and the wheel bearing nut. Remove the wheel bearing nut, the lock
damage to components can result. washer and the pierced lock ring. Figure 7.2.
On single nut fasteners: Remove the cotter pin from the
adjusting nut. Figure 7.3.
2. Raise the vehicle so that the wheels are off the floor. Support Figure 7.2
the vehicle with safety stands. DOUBLE NUT AND LOCK ADJUSTMENT
3. Remove the capscrews and remove the gasket and the cap PIERCED
from the hub. OUTER LOCK
WHEEL RING
4. Verify that the brake drum and the hub fasteners are tightened BEARING
NUT
to the manufacturer’s specifications. CAP
5. Attach a dial indicator with the magnetic base at the bottom of

the hub or the brake drum. Adjust the dial indicator so that the ADJUSTING
pointer is against the center of the knuckle. Set the dial NUT
WHEEL
indicator on ZERO. Figure 7.1. BEARING NUT
LOCK WASHER,
BEND ONTO OUTER
CAPSCREW WHEEL BEARING NUT 1000354d
Figure 7.2

7 Adjustment
Figure 7.3
WARNING
SINGLE NUT ADJUSTMENT Use a torque wrench to tighten or loosen adjusting nuts. Do not
use a hammer to directly hit adjusting nuts, or to hit a chisel or
ADJUSTING
NUT drift placed against them. Damaged adjusting nuts can prevent
you from obtaining correct wheel bearing end play, which can
affect vehicle operation and cause the wheels to separate
from the vehicle. Serious personal injury and damage to
components will result.
“D” 9. Use a torque wrench to tighten the adjusting nut to 150 lb-ft
COTTER
PIN WASHER (203 N폷m) while rotating the tire a minimum of five revolutions.
1000355b Figure 7.5. @
10. Back off the nut one complete turn. Tighten the nut to 50 lb-ft
Figure 7.3
(68 N폷m). Figure 7.5. @
8. For disc brake wheel ends, back off the brake caliper until the Figure 7.5
rotor is clear from the pad linings about 1/16-inch (1.588 mm) 1. Tighten nut to 150 lb-ft (203 N•m).
gap or more. Refer to Maintenance Manual MM-0467, EX+™ 2. Back off the nut one complete turn.
Air Disc Brake, for more information about EX225 disc brake 3. Tighten nut to 50 lb-ft (68 N•m).
inspection and adjustment. To obtain this publication, refer to
the Service Notes page on the front inside cover of this manual.
Figure 7.4.
Figure 7.4
1000336c
Figure 7.5
11. For axles with single nut fasteners, perform the following
procedure.
DEADJUST
A. Back off the adjusting nut 1/8 turn. Figure 7.6.
B. Rotate the nut in either direction to line up a slot with the
ADJUST
4005059a closest cotter pin hole in the spindle.
Figure 7.4 C. Install a new cotter pin into the nut.
D. Measure the end play. The end play must be
0.001-0.005-inch (0.025-0.127 mm). Refer to Steps
4-5. Readjust if necessary.

7 Adjustment
Figure 7.6 13. Install the gasket and the cap onto the hub. Install the
Single Nut Fasteners: Back off nut 1/8 turn. capscrews and tighten to 20-30 lb-ft (27-41 N폷m). @
Double Nut and Lock Fasteners:
Back off nut 1/3 turn. 14. Lower the vehicle to the ground. Check for correct vehicle
operation.
Adjustment
Maximum Turn Angle
CAUTION
1000337b
Do not exceed the maximum turn angle specified by the
vehicle manufacturer. If the angle is exceeded, the steering
Figure 7.6 arms, the cross tube and the tie rod ends will be damaged.
12. For axles with double nut and lock fasteners, perform the The stop bolt on the back of the knuckle controls the maximum turn
following procedure. angle. If the stop bolt is missing, bent or broken, the system
requires adjustment. Use the mechanical stop in the steering system
A. Back off the adjusting nut. Figure 7.6.
to adjust the pressure relief.
앫 For spindle thread diameters of 1-1/8-inches
Check the angle if the front tires rub against the frame or if the
(28.6 mm) and 1-1/2-inches (38.1 mm): Back off
steering gear has been serviced. Use an alignment machine to
the nut 1/3 turn.
check the angle. Refer to the alignment equipment manufacturer’s
앫 For spindle thread diameters of 1-3/4-inches procedures.
(44.45 mm) and more: Back off the nut 1/4 turn.
앫 For power steering systems: The stop bolt should NOT touch
B. Install the pierced lock ring, the lock washer and the the beam. The stop bolt should always have a minimum
wheel bearing nut. clearance of 1/8-inch (3 mm) when the knuckle is in the full-turn
position as shown in Figure 7.7 and Figure 7.8.
C. Tighten the wheel bearing nut.
앫 For manual steering systems: The stop bolt should always
앫 For spindle thread diameters of 1-1/8-inch
have a minimum clearance of 1/8-inch (3 mm). Stop bolt contact
(28.6 mm) used on MFS-06, MFS-07 and MFS-08
is acceptable if no other stops are used for the maximum turn
Series axles: Tighten the nut to 150-225 lb-ft
angle of the steering knuckle.
(203-305 N폷m). @
앫 For spindle thread diameters of 1-1/8-inches Figure 7.7
STOP
(28.6 mm) up to 2-5/8-inches (66.67 mm): Tighten REFERENCES TO KNUCKLE BOLT
the nut to 200-300 lb-ft (271-407 N폷m). @ FOR STOP BOLT ADJUSTMENT
앫 For spindle thread diameters of 2-5/8-inches

(66.7 mm) or more: Tighten the nut to 250-400 lb-ft
(339-542 N폷m). @
MAXIMUM TURN 1/8"
ANGLE SPACER
D. Measure the end play. The end play must be
0.001-0.005-inch (0.025-0.127 mm). Refer to Steps
4-5. Readjust if necessary. JAM
NUT
앫 If the end play is to specification: Bend the washer 1/8" (3 MM)
to at least one flat edge of the outer wheel bearing nut. CLEARANCE
BETWEEN STOP
Figure 7.2. BOLT AND BOSS 1000338d
Figure 7.7

7 Adjustment
KNUCKLE POSITIONS
KNUCKLE POSITIONS FOR FOR STOP BOLT
POPPET VALVE SETTINGS ADJUSTMENT, UNITIZED
1/8" (3 MM)
SPACER
MAXIMUM STOP
MAXIMUM
TURN ANGLE BOLT
TURN ANGLE
STOP JAM
JAM
BOLT NUT 1000015b
NUT 1000017c
Figure 7.10
Figure 7.8
NOTE: If the steering system is out-of-adjustment, inspect the 3. If the maximum turn angle does not meet vehicle
steering arm for damage. Use a magnetic particle or liquid dye manufacturer’s specifications, correct the maximum angle.
penetrant inspection procedure to inspect the steering arm. Pay 앫 In a power steering system: Adjust the pressure relief.
particular attention to the bend, the taper and the area near the ball
앫 In a manual steering system: Follow the guidelines and
stud. Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s manual for additional
specifications from the vehicle manufacturer.
inspection procedures.
4. When the maximum turn angle is correct:
Two-Piece Steering 3/4-Inch Stop Bolt, Includes
A. Loosen the stop bolt jam nut. Figure 7.9 and Figure 7.10.
Unitized
B. Insert a 1/8-inch (3 mm) spacer and adjust the stop bolt.
1. Place a 1/8-inch (3 mm) spacer between the stop bolt and the
boss on the axle beam. C. Tighten the jam nut on conventional knuckles to
65-85 lb-ft (68-101 N폷m). @
2. Turn the steering wheel until the boss on the axle beam
touches the spacer in front of the stop bolt. Measure the turn
Four-Piece Steering 1/2-Inch Stop Bolt,
angle. Figure 7.9 and Figure 7.10.
Conventional Only
Figure 7.9 1. Place the washer onto the adapter.
TWO-PIECE 3/4" 2. Apply adhesive patch material into the 3/4-inch (19 mm)
STEERING STOP BOLT,
CONVENTIONAL knuckle bore stop screw adapter hole.
AXLE 3. Install the adapter with the washer into the threaded knuckle
MAXIMUM
TURN ANGLE BEAM cavity.
BOSS
4. Tighten the adapter to 85-115 lb-ft (115-155 N폷m). @
1/8"
(3 MM)
3/4" SPACER
5. Start the jam nut onto the 1/2-inch (12.7 mm) bolt, and install
TWO-PIECE (19 MM) the bolt and jam nut assembly into the adapter.
STOP BOLT STOP BOLT
ASSEMBLY JAM 6. Place a 1/8-inch (3 mm) spacer between the stop bolt and the
NUT 1000339d boss on the axle beam.
Figure 7.9 7. Turn the steering wheel until the boss on the axle beam
touches the spacer in front of the stop bolt. Measure the turn
angle.

7 Adjustment
8. If the maximum turn angle does not meet vehicle Two types of systems are used to adjust the pressure relief.
manufacturer’s specifications, adjust the maximum turn angle.
앫 Mechanical stop on the Pitman arm or in the assist cylinder
앫 In a power steering system: Adjust the pressure relief.
앫 Hydraulic pressure relief in the power steering gear
앫 In a manual steering system: Follow guidelines and
specifications from the vehicle manufacturer. CAUTION
9. Proceed to the following instructions when the maximum turn Meritor does not recommend a power steering system that
angle is correct. does not have mechanical stops or pressure relief before the
maximum turn angle is obtained. Damage to the axle can
A. Loosen the stop bolt jam nut. Figure 7.11. result.
B. Insert a 1/8-inch (3 mm) spacer between the stop bolt
and the axle beam boss with the steering arm in the Mechanical Stop
full-turn position. Use the mechanical stop in the steering system to adjust the
C. Tighten the jam nut 50-75 lb-ft (68-101 N폷m). @ pressure relief. Do not use the stop bolt on the knuckle alone to
adjust the poppet valve pressure relief.
Figure 7.11
NOTE: Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s procedures.

FOUR-PIECE 1/2"
STEERING STOP BOLT
CAUTION
AXLE Use a pressure gauge to verify that the pressure drops from
MAXIMUM BEAM
TURN ANGLE BOSS the maximum system delivery pressure to gear box
1/8"
manufacturing recommendation BEFORE the full turning angle
WASHER (3 MM) is achieved. If the pressure does not drop, damage to the front
1/2" SPACER
(12.7 MM) axle components will result.
STOP BOLT
FOUR-PIECE STOP
BOLT ASSEMBLY JAM NUT Steering systems with mechanical stops are adjusted when the
ADAPTER 1000340c wheels are turned to the full-right and full-left turn positions. The
stop travel is set at 1/8-inch (3 mm) before the stop bolt contacts
Figure 7.11
the axle beam boss. Figure 7.12 and Figure 7.13.
Adjust the Pressure Relief in the Power Figure 7.12
Steering System, Set the Maximum Turn KNUCKLE POSITION AFTER PITMAN
ARM/CYLINDER STOPS RESET
Angle STOP BOLT
CAUTION
In power steering systems, the hydraulic pressure should
relieve or “drop off” at the end of the steering stroke, with
MAXIMUM
1/8-inch or 3 mm minimum clearance at the stop bolt. If the TURN ANGLE
pressure does not relieve, the components of the front axle will
be damaged.
JAM NUT 1/8" 1/8" (3 MM)
The pressure relief in the power steering system stops or reduces (3 MM) SPACER
forces applied to the axle when the wheel is moved in the full-turn CLEARANCE
BETWEEN STOP
position. BOLT AND BOSS 1000341d
Check the pressure relief if the steering arm is damaged or the Figure 7.12
power steering gear is serviced.

7 Adjustment
KNUCKLE POSITION AFTER PITMAN

ARM/CYLINDER STOPS RESET
KNUCKLE POSITIONS FOR
POPPET VALVE SETTINGS
1/8" (3 MM)
SPACER
MAXIMUM
TURN ANGLE
MAXIMUM
TURN ANGLE
STOP
JAM BOLT
NUT 1/8" JAM STOP
(3 MM) NUT BOLT 1000017c
CLEARANCE
BETWEEN Figure 7.15
BOLT AND BOSS 1000016b
Figure 7.13 Turning Radius Angle

When turning, the inner wheel must turn at a greater angle than the
Hydraulic Pressure Relief in the Steering Gear outer wheel. This angle is the turning radius angle, often called the
Ackerman angle. Figure 7.16.
NOTE: Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s procedure. The stop bolt
should always have a minimum clearance of 1/8-inch (3 mm) Check the turning radius angle with the radius plates on the
between the stop bolt and the axle beam boss. alignment equipment. To determine correct turning radius angle
specification, refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s manual.
Hydraulic steering gears with poppet valves are adjusted with a 앫 If the angle is not within specifications: Premature tire wear
spacer between the stop bolt in the knuckle and the boss on the axle will occur. Inspect the knuckle, tie rod arms, tie rod ends and
beam. The poppet valves are adjusted to stop or reduce steering cross tube for wear or damage. Service as necessary.
forces from the 1/8-inch (3 mm) specified distance between the
beam boss and the spacer. Figure 7.14 and Figure 7.15. Figure 7.16
CENTER LINE OF TURNING RADIUS OR

Figure 7.14
FRONT AXLE ACKERMAN ANGLE
KNUCKLE POSITION FOR

POPPET VALVE SETTING
CENTER LINE
AXLE CENTER LINE OF OF CHASSIS
STOP
BEAM REAR AXLE
BOLT
BOSS
1/8"
(3 MM)
1000343b
SPACER
1/8"
(3 MM) Figure 7.16
CLEARANCE
BETWEEN STOP
BOLT AND BOSS 1000342d
Figure 7.14

7 Adjustment
King Pin Inclination Camber Angle

NOTE: Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s king pin inclination WARNING
specifications. Replace damaged or out-of-specification axle components. Do
not bend, repair or recondition axle components by welding or
King pin, or steering axis inclination, is the angle measured between heat-treating. A bent axle beam reduces axle strength, affects
the center line of the king pin and the vertical position, as viewed vehicle operation and voids Meritor’s warranty. Serious
from the front of the vehicle. Figure 7.17. personal injury and damage to components can result.
The king pin inclination and the camber angle are designed into the
axle to place the tire tread center line in contact with the road. This Camber is the angle of the tire with respect to the ground. Camber
reduces steering effort and improves directional stability. is positive when the distance between the top of the wheels is
greater than the distance at the ground. Figure 7.18.
Use an alignment machine to check the king pin inclination angle.
Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s inclination angle specifications. Figure 7.18
The king pin inclination is not adjustable. If the inclination is not at POSITIVE
the specified angle, check the axle beam and knuckle for damage. CAMBER
Service as necessary.
Figure 7.17
ZERO OR NEUTRAL
KING LOAD
PIN
CAMBER INCLINATION
ANGLE
1000345c
KING PIN
INCLINATION
ANGLE Figure 7.18
A small amount of positive camber is built into the knuckle, because

camber changes with load. This results in a zero camber angle
1000344d
when the vehicle is operated at normal load.
If camber is out of specification by more than 1-1/2 degrees, rapid
Figure 7.17
or uneven tire wear will occur. Bias ply tires will show excess
camber easily, while with vehicles equipped with radial tires, excess
Recommended Camber, Caster and Toe camber will not be as evident.
Specifications
The camber angle is not adjustable. The camber angle is machined
Meritor provides specific, recommended specifications for camber, into both the axle beam and the knuckle. If the camber angle is not
caster and toe in this publication, Maintenance Manual 2, Front at the specified angle, check the axle beam and the steering
Non-Drive Steer Axles: All Meritor Conventional, Easy Steer Plus and knuckle for damage. Service as necessary.
MFS Series.
Use an alignment machine to check the camber angle. Refer to the
Refer to the Service Notes page on the front inside cover of this alignment equipment manufacturer’s procedure and vehicle
manual for information on Recommended Practices published by manufacturer’s manual to determine specifications for the correct
The Technology Maintenance Council (TMC) of the American camber setting. Table J and Table K provide Meritor’s camber
Trucking Associations, Inc. specifications for biased and unbiased axles.

7 Adjustment
Table J: Recommended Camber Angle for Axles with Unbiased

Camber
Loaded Vehicle
Unloaded Vehicle 90%-100%
Side Axle Assembly 50%-75% GAWR* GAWR*
Left 1/4° (± 7/16°) 0° (± 7/16°) −1/4° (± 7/16°)
Right 1/4° (± 7/16°) 0° (± 7/16°) −1/4° (± 7/16°)
*GAWR=Gross Axle Weight Rating
Table K: Recommended Camber Angle for Axles with Biased

Camber
Loaded Vehicle
Unloaded Vehicle 90%-100%
Side Axle Assembly 50%-75% GAWR* GAWR*
Left 3/4° (± 7/16°) 1/2° (± 7/16°) 1/4° (± 7/16°)
Right 1/4° (± 7/16°) 0° (± 7/16°) −1/4° (± 7/16°)
*GAWR=Gross Axle Weight Rating
Caster Angle If the caster is greater than specification, steering effort can
increase a shimmy condition.
Caster is the FORWARD or REARWARD tilt of the king pin center line
when viewed from the side of the vehicle. The caster angle is the The caster angle is controlled by tapered shims installed under the
angle from the vertical position to the center line of the king pin. If leaf springs. Adjust the caster according to the specifications and
the top of the king pin axis is toward the rear of the vehicle, the procedures of the vehicle manufacturer.
caster is positive. A slight positive caster creates a self-aligning Caster specifications are set by the vehicle manufacturer. Refer to
action that helps to stabilize the vehicle after turning and stabilizes it the vehicle manufacturer’s specifications for the caster setting.
for driving straight ahead. Figure 7.19.
Figure 7.19
Measure and Adjust the Toe
Toe is the relationship of the distance between the front of the front
NEGATIVE POSITIVE
CASTER CASTER tires and the rear of the front tires.
When the front distance is less than the rear distance, the wheels
FORWARD
are “toed in.” Toe-in is designed into the vehicle to counteract the
CASTER
tendency of the tires to toe-out when the vehicle is driven.
Incorrect toe will result in rapid tire wear.
1000346b
Figure 7.19
Always use an alignment machine to check the caster angle. When

checking caster, refer to the alignment equipment manufacturer’s
procedures.

7 Adjustment
WARNING Figure 7.21
Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to FRONT OF VEHICLE
prevent the vehicle from moving. Support the vehicle with A

DIMENSION
jacks. Jacks can slip and fall over. Serious personal injury and TOP VIEW

B
2. Use jacks to raise vehicle so that front tires are off the ground. B MINUS A EQUALS TOE 1000348e
Support the front axle with safety stands.
Figure 7.21
3. Use paint or chalk to mark the center area of both front tires
around the complete outer surface of the tire.
9. Use the following procedure if the toe measurement is not
4. Place the pointers of a trammel bar on the marks of each tire. within the correct specifications shown in Table L.
Rotate the tires. Verify that a straight line is marked on the
outer surface of the tire. Table L: Toe Specifications
5. Lower the vehicle to the floor. Do not measure toe with the Unloaded Vehicles 1/16-inch (1.587 mm) ± 1/32-inch
front axle in the raised position. The weight of the vehicle must (0.794 mm)
be on the front axle when toe is measured. Move the vehicle Loaded Vehicles 1/32-inch (0.794 mm) ± 1/32-inch
FORWARD and BACKWARD 10 feet (3 meters). (0.794 mm)
6. Place the trammel bar at the back of the tires. Raise the
pointers so that the pointers are level with the spindles. Align A. Loosen the tube clamp nut and bolt on each end of the
the pointers with the marks on the tires. Measure and record cross tube.
the distance between the pointers. B. Turn the cross tube until the specified toe distance is
7. Repeat Step 6 for the front of the tires. Figure 7.20. obtained.
C. The threaded portion of the tie rod end must be installed
into the cross tube beyond the point where the tube slot
Figure 7.20
stops.
D. Tighten the nut and bolt on each end of the cross tube to
the specified torque. Refer to Section 10.
10. Repeat Steps 1-8 to check the toe dimension.
1000347a
Figure 7.20
8. To obtain the toe measurement, subtract the distance reading

between the front of the tires from the distance reading
between the back of the tires. Figure 7.21.

8 Troubleshooting

8 Troubleshooting
WARNING
Troubleshooting
Front Non-Drive Steer Axle Diagnostic Table
Table M:
Condition Cause Correction
Tires wear out quickly Tires have incorrect air pressure. Place specified air pressure in tires.
or have uneven tire Tires out-of-balance. Balance or replace tires.
tread wear.
Incorrect tandem axle alignment. Align tandem axles.
Incorrect toe-in setting. Adjust toe-in specified setting.
Incorrect steering arm geometry. Service steering system as necessary.
Excessive wheel end play exists. Readjust wheel bearings.
Vehicle is hard to Power steering system pressure low. Repair power steering system.
steer. Steering gear linkage not assembled correctly. Assemble steering gear correctly.
Steering linkage needs lubrication. Lubricate steering linkage.
King pins binding. Replace king pins.
Incorrect steering arm geometry. Service steering system as necessary.
Caster out-of-adjustment. Adjust caster as necessary.
Tie rod ends hard to move. Replace tie rod ends.
Worn thrust bearing. Replace thrust bearing.
Tie rod ends are worn Tie rod ends require lubrication. Lubricate ends of cross tube. Make sure lubrication
and require schedule is followed.
replacement. Severe operating conditions. Increase frequency of inspection and lubrication
intervals.
Damaged boot on tie rod end. Replace boot.

8 Troubleshooting
Condition Cause Correction

Bent or broken cross Too much pressure in the power steering system,
tube, tie rod end ball pressure exceeds vehicle manufacturer’s Adjust power steering system to specified pressure.
stud, steering arm or specification.
tie rod end. Power steering system cut-off pressure, out of Adjust power steering system to specified pressure.
Component requires adjustment.
replacement.
Vehicle operated under severe conditions. Verify that vehicle is operated correctly.
Add-on type of power steering system not installed Correctly install add-on power steering system.
correctly.
Steering gear overtravel poppets incorrectly set or Check for correct operation or adjust overtravel of
malfunctioning. poppets to vehicle manufacturer’s specifications.
Axle stops incorrectly set. Set axle stops to vehicle manufacturer’s specification.
Worn or broken Drag link fasteners tightened higher than vehicle Tighten drag link fasteners to vehicle manufacturer’s
steering ball stud. manufacturer specified. specified torque.
Lack of lubrication or incorrect lubricant. Lubricate linkage with specified lubricant.
Power steering stops out-of-adjustment. Adjust stops to specified dimension.
Worn king pins and Worn or missing seals and gaskets. Replace seals and gaskets.
king pin bushings. Incorrect lubricant. Lubricate axle with specified lubricant.
Axle not lubricated at scheduled frequency. Lubricate axle at scheduled frequency.
Incorrect lubrication procedures. Use correct lubrication procedures.
Lubrication schedule does not match operating Change lubrication schedule to match operating
conditions. conditions.
Vibration or shimmy of Caster out-of-adjustment. Adjust caster.
front axle during Wheels and/or tires out-of-balance. Balance or replace wheels and/or tires.
operation.
Worn shock absorbers. Replace shock absorbers.

9 Lubrication and Maintenance
Hazard Alert Messages Maintenance

NOTE: Refer to Section 3 for inspection procedures.
Refer to Table N for lubrication and inspection intervals based on the
vehicle’s usage.
WARNING
Table N: Lubrication and Inspection Intervals

Severity of Typical Typical Operation
Service Vocations Conditions Inspection Interval1 Lubrication Interval2
Light On-highway or High mileage operation, Each oil change or King Pin Bushing/ 100,000 miles
turnpike, linehaul more than 50,000 miles/ maximum 50,000 Tie Rod End3 (161 000 km)
only year (80 500 km/year) miles (80 500 km)
95% on-highway/turnpike
surface
Medium Fire and rescue, Lower mileage operation, 20,000 miles King Pin Bushing/ 40,000 miles
city delivery, inner less than 50,000 miles/year (32 000 km) Tie Rod End3 (64 000 km)
city coach, heavy (80 500 km/year)
haul, school bus,
motor home,
transit coach
Harsh Logging, oil field, Low mileage operation, less 10,000 miles King Pin Bushing/ 10,000 miles
construction, than 25,000 miles/year (16 100 km) Tie Rod End (16 100 km)
heavy haul, yard (40 250 km/year)
tractor (highway Heavy-duty service with
licensed), substantial off-road
residential refuse operation
Severe Mining, yard Heavy-duty service 5,000 miles King Pin Bushing/ 5,000 miles
tractor (8050 km) or 100 Tie Rod End (8050 km) or 100
(non-highway hours hours
licensed), and
land fill refuse
Very Severe Mining, logging Severe duty 80-100% off 48 hours King Pin Bushing/ 48 hours
and construction highway Tie Rod End
1
Draw key nuts should be retightened at 6,000 miles (9656 km) and then again every 36,000 miles (57 936 km) thereafter.
2
If power washers are used during vehicle cleaning operations, lubrication intervals need to be adjusted. Frequent power-washed vehicles will require more
frequent lubrication.
3
Tie rod ends with an anti-tilt style seal require lubrication every 10,000 miles (16 100 km).

Lubrication
Lubricant Specifications
Table O: Front Non-Drive Axle Greasing Specifications
Grease* Meritor Specification NLGI Grade Grease Classification Outside Temperature
Multi-Purpose Grease* O-617-A 1 Lithium 12-Hydroxyl Stearate Refer to the grease
O-617-B 2 manufacturer’s
specifications for the
temperature service
limits.
*Meritor recognizes that industry trends are moving toward increased selection and usage of synthetic grease in vehicle maintenance. However, some seals
are known to expand when in contact with synthetic grease. Consult your local Meritor representative for synthetic grease application references BEFORE
using any synthetic grease when performing axle service and maintenance.
Hazard Alert Messages Figure 9.1
Read and observe all Caution and Warning safety alerts below and
those that precede instructions or procedures you will perform.
WARNING
jacks. Jacks can slip and fall over. Serious personal injury and
Point wheels straight ahead. 1003405a
Lubrication
Figure 9.1
Tie Rod End

3. Wipe the grease fitting, seal and boot clean with shop towels.
This procedure refers to all tie rod ends on Meritor non-drive steer Figure 9.2.
axles.
Figure 9.2
the vehicle from moving. Set the parking brake. Always clean off grease
fittings prior to applying lube.
2. Turn the vehicle wheels to the STRAIGHT position. Figure 9.1.
GREASE
FITTING
ALTERNATE
LOCATION
1003422b
Figure 9.2

4. Attach either a hand or air pressure grease gun to the grease

fitting. Figure 9.3. If using air pressure, do not exceed 150 psi
(1035 kPa).
Figure 9.3
Apply grease into all grease fittings where required.

1003423b
Figure 9.3
5. Apply grease into the grease fitting. Discolored old grease

should come out of the purge holes near the boot crimp or
bellows area, typically three or more places. Figure 9.4.
6. If the tie rod end is designed for lube service and it does not
accept grease:
A. Remove the grease fitting.
B. Inspect the threaded grease fitting hole in the tie rod end
and remove any obstructions.
C. Install a new grease fitting.
D. Continue the lubrication procedure.
7. Apply grease until all old grease is purged from the boot.

Figure 9.4
NON-REMOVABLE AND ALL-WEATHER

BOOT SEAL TIE ROD ENDS
SLIDING SEAL TIE
ROD ENDS
TRW — LUBE
ZF LEMFORDER — LUBE PURGES FROM
PURGES FROM THREE BOOT BASE IN EVEN,
HOLES TOP OF BOOT SMALL STREAMS
TRW — LUBE PURGES
EVENLY FROM BASE OF BOOT
URRESKO — LUBE PURGES ZF LEMFORDER — LUBE ZF LEMFORDER —

FROM FOUR HOLES PURGES FROM THREE NON-GREASEABLE
IN BOOT NECK HOLES TOP OF BOOT 1003424d
Figure 9.4
King Pins 3. Clean all grease fittings before you lubricate the king pins.
4. Lubricate the king pins through the top and bottom grease
fittings. Figure 9.6.
the vehicle from moving. Set the parking brake. Figure 9.6
2. Verify that the tires touch the ground. Do not raise the vehicle. TOP
GREASE
The full weight of the vehicle must be on the axle assembly. FITTING
Figure 9.5.
ALTERNATE
Figure 9.5
GREASE
FITTING
LOCATION
BOTTOM
GREASE
FITTING
4006841a
Figure 9.6
5. Apply lubricant into the top grease fitting until new grease
purges from the upper shim pack. Figure 9.7.
4006840a
Figure 9.5

NEW NEW Lube must

GREASE GREASE GREASE come from here.
FITTING
UPPER
SHIM PACK
GREASE
4006842a FITTING 1000011b
6. Apply lubricant into the bottom grease fitting until new grease Ball Studs on the Steering Arm and the Tie
appears from under the lower lip of the bearing deflector. Rod Arm Ends
Figure 9.8.
Figure 9.8

THRUST
BEARING 2. Verify that the tires touch the ground. DO NOT RAISE THE
VEHICLE.
BEARING 3. Clean off all grease fittings prior to lubrication.
DEFLECTOR
4. Apply lubricant until new lubricant comes from the boot.
NEW
GREASE
4006843a Figure 9.10
Figure 9.8
CONVENTIONAL
Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends

1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to keep
ALTERNATE
the vehicle from moving. Set the parking brake. GREASE Lube must
PURGE ZONE come from
2. Verify that the tires touch the ground. DO NOT RAISE THE (BOOT NECK) here.
VEHICLE.
GREASE
3. Clean off all grease fittings prior to lubrication. FITTING
1000329d
4. Lubricate the king pins through the grease fittings on the top Figure 9.10
and bottom king pin caps. Figure 9.6.
5. Force lubricant into the upper and lower king pin grease fitting
caps until new lubricant flows from between the upper axle
beam end and the knuckle, and the lower axle beam end and
the knuckle. Figure 9.9.

Figure 9.11 5. Install the inner and outer bearing cones into the cups in the
hubs. The bearing cups must be pressed tight against the
UNITIZED shoulder in the hubs.
6. Install new wheel seals into the hubs.
7. Install the hub and the wheel and tire assembly. Install the
outer wheel bearing cone into the hub. Install the adjusting nut.
Lube must come
from here.
8. Adjust the wheel bearings. Refer to Section 7.
GREASE
FITTING
1000012b
Oil-Lubricated Wheel Bearings
Figure 9.11
NOTE: This procedure applies to hubs with oil-lubricated wheel
Grease-Lubricated Wheel Bearings bearings.
Axles with Conventional Wheel Ends 1. Check the level on the cap. If the oil level is not at the specified
level on the cap, remove the fill plug.
NOTE: This procedure applies to hubs with grease-lubricated wheel
bearings. 2. Add the specified oil until the oil is at the specified level.
Figure 9.13.
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the wheels to keep
the vehicle from moving. Set the parking brake. Figure 9.13
2. Remove the tire and wheel assembly. Remove and

disassemble the hub. Refer to Section 4.
3. Remove the old lubricant from all parts. Discard the seals.
Inspect the wheel bearings for wear or damage. Replace worn
or damaged bearings. Refer to Section 5.
4. Force the specified lubricant from the large end of the cones
into the cavities between the rollers and cage. Pack the hub
between the bearing cups with lubricant to the level of the OIL
LEVEL 1000331c
smallest diameter of the cups. Figure 9.12.
Figure 9.13
Figure 9.12
LUBE
Maintenance
Tighten Draw Key Nuts
NOTE: This procedure applies to all except 901, 903 and 970
Series axles. These axles do not use a draw key. Refer to the
identification tag on the front of the axle beam.
1000330b
Tighten the nuts on the side of the knuckle that hold the draw keys
Figure 9.12
to 30-45 lb-ft (41-61 N폷m) at the following times. Figure 9.14 and
Figure 9.15. @

앫 After the first 6,000 miles (10 000 km) of new vehicle operation Table P: Steering Arm Bolts Torque Specifications
앫 Every 36,000 miles (58 000 km) of operation Axle Torque lb-ft (N폷m)
MFS-6 215-265 (290-360)
Figure 9.14
MFS-7 or MFS-8 360-470 (490-638)

CONVENTIONAL All other axles 300-450 (406-610)
Tighten draw key 앫 If steering arm bolt torque has fallen below minimum
nut to 30-45 lb-ft
(41-61 N•m).
torque:
A. Remove the bolts. Clean all the threads. Install new
Loctite 680 adhesive, Meritor part number
2297-K-5523.
1000332b B. Tighten the bolts to specification. Refer to Table P.
Figure 9.14
2. Check the steering arm bolt torque every 200,000 miles
(320 000 km) or 24 months.
Figure 9.15
3. Refer to Section 5 for Dri-Loc fastener installation
UNITIZED procedures.
DRAW KEY NUT

30-45 LB-FT
(41-61 N•m)
1000013c
Figure 9.15
Check the Steering Arm Bolts

WARNING
Take care when you use Loctite adhesive to avoid serious
personal injury. Read the manufacturer’s instructions before
using this product. Follow the instructions carefully to prevent
irritation to the eyes and skin. If Loctite adhesive material
gets into your eyes, follow the manufacturer’s emergency
procedures. Have your eyes checked by a physician as soon as
possible.
1. Check the steering arm bolts for minimum torque. Refer to

Table P.

10 Specifications
Torque Specifications
10 Specifications
Front Non-Drive Axles with Conventional Wheel Ends

Figure 10.1
1 2
5
6
3
4
7
10
11 12 11
11
11
4011287a
Figure 10.1

10 Specifications
Table Q: Front Axle with Conventional Wheel-End Torque Specifications

Torque Range
Item Description Size lb-ft N폷m
1 Steering Arm-to-Drag Link Nut Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s specifications.
2 Knuckle Cap Capscrew 5/16"-18 20-30 28-40
3 Steering Arm-to-Knuckle Nut 7/8"-14 250-450 339-610
1"-14 390-725 529-982
1-1/8"-12 550-1025 746-1389
1-1/4"-12 775-1450 1051-1965
1-1/2"-12 1350-2525 1831-3423
4 Draw Key Nut 30-45 41-61
5 3/4" Stop Screw Adapter 65-115 88-155
7/16"-20
6 1/2" Stop Screw Lock/Jam Nut 50-75 68-101
7 3/4" Stop Screw Lock/Jam Nut 65-85 88-115
8 Tie Rod Arm-to-Tie Rod End Nut 7/8"-14 160-300 217-406
1"-14 250-450 339-610
1-1/8"-12 350-650 475-881
1-1/4"-12 500-675 678-915
9 Cross Tube Clamp Nut 5/8"-11 60-80 81-110
3/4"-10 155-175 211-237
10 Tie Rod Arm-to-Knuckle Nut 7/8"-14 250-450 339-610
1"-14 390-725 529-982
1-1/8"-12 550-1025 746-1389
1-1/4"-12 775-1450 1051-1965
1-1/2"-12 1350-2525 1831-3423
11 Threaded Knuckle Cap 2.00"-20
70-90 95-122
1-5/8"-20
12 Steering Arm Knuckle Bolt 3/4"-16 360-470 490-638
M16 x 2.0 215-265 290-360

10 Specifications
MFS Axles with Bolt-On, Integrated Steering and Tie Rod Arm Assemblies, and Conventional
Wheel Ends
Figure 10.2
10
10
nce
n tena for 6
i
Ma 0409 res
fe r to MM- cedu
Re nual e pro
Ma plet ue . 4
com torq tions
and cifica 2
7 spe
1
5
4
3
4012351b
Figure 10.2

10 Specifications
Table R: MFS Axles with Bolt-On, Integrated Steering and Tie Rod Arm Assemblies Torque Specifications
Torque Range
1 Zerk Grease Fitting 1/8"-27 NPTF 3-5 4-6
2 King Pin Cap Capscrew 5/16"-18 12-16 16-22
3 12-Point Ferry-Head Bolt 3/4"-10 310-400 420-542
4 Knuckle-to-Steering and Tie Rod Arm 370-410 502-556
3/4"-16
Assembly Lock Nut
5 Stop Bolt Jam Nut 5/8"-18 65-85 88-115
6 Brake Spider-to-Knuckle Lock Nut 3/4"-16 360-470 490-638
7 Hubcap Capscrew 5/16"-18 12-16 16-22
8 Tie Rod Tube Clamp Nut 5/8"-11 UNC 160-300 81-110
9 Tie Rod End Castle Nut 7/8"-14 UNF 160-300 217-406
10 Draw Key Nut 7/16"-20 UNF 30-45 41-61

10 Specifications
Front Non-Drive Axles with Unitized Wheel Ends

Figure 10.3
1 2a
3
2a
2b
10
6
9
7
8
2
1
1000068g
Figure 10.3
Table S: Front Axle with Unitized Wheel End Torque Specifications
Torque Range
1 Grease Fitting 1/8"-27 P.T.F. 10 minimum 13.558 minimum
2a Old Hexagon Threaded King Pin Cap 2-1/4"-20 60-80 81-108
2b New Round Threaded King Pin Cap 2-1/4"-20 70-90 95-120
3 Steering Arm Knuckle Bolt 7/8"-14 300-450 406-610
4 Stop Screw Nut 1/2"-13 50-75 68-101

10 Specifications
Torque Range
5 Tie Rod Arm-to-Tie Rod End Nut 7/8"-14 160-300 217-406
1"-14 250-450 339-610
1-1/8"-12 350-650 475-881
1-1/4"-12 500-675 678-915
6 Draw Key Nut 7/16"-20 30-45 41-61
7 Cross Tube Clamp Nut 5/8"-11 60-80 81-110
3/4"-10 155-175 211-237
8 Hubcap 3-1/2" Plastic 50-100 67-135
3-1/2" Aluminum 325-375 440-508
9 Outer Wheel Bearing Nut — 200-300 271-406
10 Inner Wheel Bearing Nut — 500-700 677-949
NOTE: All torque values apply to parts lightly coated with rust
preventive grease. For dry parts, increase torque values by 10%. For
parts heavily coated with grease, decrease torque values by 10%.

11 Special Tools
Special Tools
11 Special Tools
To obtain these tools, refer to the Service Notes page on the front
inside cover of this manual.
Table T: Special Tools

SPX Kent-Moore Owatonna Tool Snap-On Tool Great Lakes
Description Tool Number Number Number Tool References
King Pin Remover 4240 4240 20 Ton: CG430HYB — Section 4
35 Ton: CG730HY
1
King Pin Bushing Section 4
Service Kit Section 6
Basic Service Kit PT 4375-A — — —
FF- and FG-Series PT 4370-10 — — —
Kits
FL-Series Kit PT 4370-20 — — —
MFS-6 PT-4370-110 — — —
FC and MFS-7 and PT-4370-120 — — —
-8
Seal Installer — — — Meritor Front Section 6
Axle Seal
Installer Kit
1
Use the Basic Service Kit along with the correct axle series kit.
Figure 11.1
2.5"
(63 MM)
SUITABLE
LENGTH
1000364b
Figure 11.1

11 Special Tools
Table U: Dimensions for Bushing Removal and Installation Tool
Axle Model Dimension X Dimension Y

Number (± 0.001-inch) (± 0.025 mm) (± 0.001-inch) (± 0.025 mm)
FC-901
FC-903 1.22 31.191 1.350 34.290
FC-921
FC-941 1.493 37.922 1.618 41.097
FD-901 1.427 36.245 1.552 39.420
FD-931
1.600 40.640 1.725 43.815
FD-933
FD-961 1.786 45.364 1.911 48.539
FE-970 1.600 40.640 1.725 43.815
FF-921
FF-931
FF-932 1.787 45.389 1.911
FF-933
FF-934 48.539
FF-941
FF-942
FF-943
FF-944 1.786 45.364 1.911
FF-961
FF-966
FF-967
FF-971 1.600 40.640 1.725 43.815
FF-981
FF-982
FF-983
1.786 45.364 1.911 48.539
FF-984
FF-986
FF-987
FG-931
1.787 45.389
FG-933
1.911 48.539
FG-941
1.786 45.364
FG-943

11 Special Tools
Axle Model Dimension X Dimension Y

Number (± 0.001-inch) (± 0.025 mm) (± 0.001-inch) (± 0.025 mm)
FL-931
1.922 50.596
FL-933
FL-941 2.116 53.746
1.990 50.546
FL-943
FL-951 1.992 50.596
FU-910
2.054 52.171 2.179 55.346
FU-935
MFS 6 1.228 31.191 1.350 34.290
MFS 7
1.493 37.922 1.618 41.097
MFS 8
MFS 10 1.786
MFS 12
45.364 1.911 48.539
MFS 13 1.786
MFS 14
MFS 16
MFS 18 1.990 50.546 2.116 53.746
MFS 20
Figure 11.2
REMOVABLE
PILOT
OPTIONAL
A B REAMER C
E = D + 2"
D (50.8 MM)
2.5" (63 MM) MINIMUM
MATERIAL: HIGH SPEED STEEL
NUMBER OF BLADES: USE 10-14 BLADES
CUT OF BLADES: RIGHT-HAND CUT,
LEFT-HAND FLUTE
LENGTH OF BLADES: 2.50" (63.5 MM)
1000049d
Figure 11.2

11 Special Tools
Table V: Bushing Reamer Dimensions
Lower Pilot
Diameter Blade Diameter Upper Pilot
Dimension A Dimension B Diameter C Lower Pilot Upper Pilot
(± 0.001-inch or (± 0.0005-inch or (± 0.001-inch or Length Length Minimum
± 0.0245 mm) ± 0.0127 mm) ± 0.0245 mm) Dimension D Dimension E
Axle SPX Service
Model inch mm inch mm inch mm inch mm inch mm Kit
FC-901
FC-901* 1.2375
1.2225 31.0515 31.4325 1.2320 31.2928+ 6.75 171.45 8.75 222.25 PT4370-110
FC-903
FC-921 1.2360
FC-941 1.4875 37.7825 1.5015 38.1381 1.4960 37.9984 8.90 226.06 10.90 276.86 PT4370-120
FD-901 36.4998
1.4220 36.1188 1.4370 1.4315 36.3601 N/A
FD-901* 36.4498
8.50 215.90 10.50 266.70
FD-931
1.5950 40.5130 1.6100 40.8940 1.6405 41.6687 N/A
FD-933
FD-961 1.7800 45.2120 1.7955 45.6057 1.7900 45.4660 10.25 260.35 12.25 311.15 PT4370-10
FE-970 1.5950 40.5130 1.6100 40.8940 1.6405 41.6687 8.50 215.90 10.50 266.70 N/A
FF-921 11.20
FF-931
FF-932 1.7820 45.2628 1.7970 45.6438 1.7915 45.5041 9.30 236.22 287.02 PT4370-10
11.30
FF-933
FF-934
FF-941
FF-942
FF-943
FF-944 1.7800 45.2120 1.7955 45.6057 1.7900 45.4660 10.25 260.35 12.25 311.15 PT4370-10
FF-961
FF-966
FF-967
FF-971 1.5950 40.5130 1.6100 40.8940 1.6405 41.6687 8.50 215.90 10.50 266.70 N/A

11 Special Tools
Lower Pilot
Diameter Blade Diameter Upper Pilot
Dimension A Dimension B Diameter C Lower Pilot Upper Pilot
(± 0.001-inch or (± 0.0005-inch or (± 0.001-inch or Length Length Minimum
± 0.0245 mm) ± 0.0127 mm) ± 0.0245 mm) Dimension D Dimension E
Axle SPX Service
Model inch mm inch mm inch mm inch mm inch mm Kit
FF-981
FF-982
FF-983
1.7800 45.2120 1.7955 45.6057 1.7900 45.4660 10.25 260.35 12.25 311.15 PT 4370-10
FF-984
FF-986
FF-987
FG-931
1.7820 45.2628 1.7955 45.6057 1.7915 45.5041 9.30 236.22 11.30 287.02 PT 4370-10
FG-933
FG-941 45.4660
1.7800 45.2120 1.7955 45.6057 1.7900 10.25 260.35 12.25 311.15 PT 4370-10
FG-943 45.4787
FL-931
1.9870 50.4698 2.0005 50.8127 1.9970 50.7238
FL-933
FL-941 10.10 256.54 12.10 307.34 PT 4370-20
FL-943 1.9850 50.4190 2.0005 50.8127 1.9950 50.6730
FL-951
FU-910
2.0490 52.0446 2.0640 52.4256 2.0585 52.2859 11.32 287.52 13.32 338.32 N/A
FU-935
MFS 6 1.2225 31.0515 1.2360 31.4325 1.2320 31.2928 6.75 171.45 8.75 222.25 PT
4370-110
MFS 7 PT
1.4875 37.7825 1.5015 38.1381 1.4960 37.9984 8.90 226.06 10.90 276.86
MFS 8 4370-120
MFS 10
1.7800 45.2120 1.7955 45.6057 1.7900 45.4660 10.25 260.35 12.25 311.15 PT 4370-10
MFS 12
MFS 13
1.7800 45.2120 1.7955 45.6057 1.7900 45.4660 10.25 260.35 12.25 311.15 PT 4370-10
MFS 14
MFS 16
MFS 18 1.9850 50.4190 2.0005 50.8127 1.9950 50.6730 10.10 256.54 12.10 307.34 PT 4370-20
MFS 20
*Use these specifications when replacing the existing bushing with an Easy Steer™ bushing.

Meritor Heavy Vehicle Systems, LLC
2135 West Maple Road Printed in USA
Troy, MI 48084 USA
866-OnTrac1 (668-7221) Copyright 2017 Revised 08-17
meritor.com Meritor, Inc. Maintenance Manual 2 (16579)

Front Non-Drive Steer Axles: All Meritor Conventional, Easy Steer Plus™ and MFS Series

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Maintenance Manual 2

Front Non-Drive Steer Axles

About This Manual If Tools and Supplies are Specified in

Hazard Alert Messages and Torque The Technology Maintenance Council

@ This symbol alerts you to tighten fasteners to a specified torque

How to Obtain Additional Maintenance,

Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

pg. 72 Section 8: Troubleshooting pg.

Axle with a Conventional Wheel End

Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17) 1

Item Description Item Description

12 Bronze King Pin Bushing 45 3/4-Inch Stop Bolt

13 Nylon King Pin Bushing 46 3/4-Inch Jam Nut

14 Knuckle 47 1/2-Inch Stop Bolt

15 King Pin Bushing Seal 48 1/2-Inch Jam Nut

16 Tie Rod Arm-to-Knuckle Castle Nut 49 3/4-Inch Adapter

17 Cotter Pin 50 Washer

18 King Pin 51 Cotter Pin

19 Hub Grease Seal 52 Square Key

20 Inner Wheel Bearing Cone 53 Woodruff Key

21 Inner Wheel Bearing Cup 54 Knuckle Tie Rod Arm

22 Stud 55 Cotter Pin

23 Hub 56 Tie Rod Arm-to-Tie Rod End Castle Nut

24 Outer Wheel Bearing Cup 57 Tie Rod End

25 Outer Wheel Bearing Cone 58 Clamp Bolt

26 Adjusting Nut 59 Clamp Lock Nut

27 Pierced Lock Ring 60 Cross Tube Clamp

28 Lock Washer 61 Cross Tube

2 Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17) 3

Item Description Item Description

4 Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

Axle with a Unitized Wheel End

Item Description Item Description

Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17) 5

6 Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

Figure 2.1 TIE

TIE Tie Rod Arm, Knuckle and King Pin

STEERING Steering Knuckle

Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17) 7

CLAMP CROSS TUBE

8 Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

VIEW OF AXLE BEAM

MODEL AND CUSTOMER

Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17) 9

Major Variation Number Design Variation

10 Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

KPI Drop KPI Drop

Axle Spec. Number

F = Front Brake Type

Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17) 11

combination, and time frame, potentially reduces the service life of

12 Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

Steering Arm Bolts

Draw Key Nuts

Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17) 13

14 Meritor Maintenance Manual 2 (Revised 08-17)

3. Set the dial indicator to ZERO.

앫 If the reading is ZERO: Remove the knuckle. Refer to Figure 3.6