PETREL COURSE

BASIC SEISMIC INTERPRETATION

INTRODUCTION
Rahmadi Hidayat, M.Eng
 MER PROJECT

• Each of you will be given MER Project during this

course as your tutorial project
• This course will also use MER project as reference
so that you can learn the tutorial better
• Every steps of the course will be explained then
you can try in your own project
• MER Project consists of :
– 3 well data
– 1 Seismic 3D
 PETREL’S MAIN DISPLAY
Petrel Toolbar

WINDOWS  showing “display” of data or

result, various windows to see many kind of
data and model

INPUT, consist of :
• Input  group of raw data and interpretation
• Model  group of gridding and modelling data
• Result  for petroleum engineer analysis
• Templates  color template

PROCESSES, consist of :
• Processes  workflow
• Case  for multiple scenarios in volumetrics, etc.
• Windows  displaying the windows
PETREL’S WINDOWS
INTERPRETATION
MODELING
SIM “THE GEOMODELING WORKFLOW”
PETREL COURSE
BASIC SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
SESSION 1 – DATA INPUT
Rahmadi Hidayat, M.Eng
 SESSION 1 - DATA INPUT

1. DEFINE PROJECT SETTING

2. INPUT SEISMIC DATA
3. INPUT WELL DATA
4. CREATE AREA OF INTEREST
 SET PROJECT SETTING

1. Go to project

2. Settings  Set the X, Y, Z and velocity units

3. Put coordinate reference of MER is in Zone 54S of UTM AGD84

 VARIOUS INPUT DATA IN PETREL

Various data can be imported to Petrel including Seismic and Well data
SEISMIC AND WELL INPUT DATA

SEISMIC DATA
Mostly in .sgy or segy

WELL LOG DATA

Mostly in .las or .ascii
 INPUT SEISMIC DATA

1. Set Seismic Vintage

2. Put position of X and Y coordinates in byte

SEISMIC HEADER

Make sure that the X, Y and number of byte are in exact positions based on Seismic Header
 DISPLAYING SEISMIC DATA
1. Go to Windows  Interpretation

2. Set to TWT  data is in time unit

3. Check the data 

it will show in windows

3D WINDOW INTERPRETATION
 WELL HEADER

Start and Stop of Recording

Coordinates

Elevation of Kelly Bushing (EKB)

LAS can be opened using Notepad to see well header and what kind of data we have
 LOG DATA
1
2
3

LAS data shows what kind of WELL LOG do we have and the units as well
1 2 3
 WELL INPUT
1 3

1. Open it from IMPORT DATA, using Las.

2. Match filename and well
3. Match for Log column with log templates, units and description in notepad
 WELL COORDINATES AND EKB

4. Change Well head X, Y and EKB using Well Setting to coordinates in well header
RESULTS

1. Set SSTVD, MD or TVD

2. Set “Log Templates” 
mostly triple combo or resistivity sonic

WELL SECTION WINDOW

 AREA OF INTEREST
1 3

1. Open it from IMPORT DATA, using Zmap lines.

2. Match X and Y coord. And set time or depth unit
3. Display of seismic data and MER boundary in 3D
PETREL COURSE
BASIC SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
SESSION 2 – WELL TOPS
 SESSION 2 - WELL TOPS

• STRATIGRAPHY TOOLS
• CURVE FILLING
• WELL TOPS
• DISCRETE LOG / ZONES
 WELL SECTION DISPLAY
Well templates and units

Stratigraphy
process

Tools for
Stratigraphy
 MAIN STRATIGRAPHY TOOLS

Curve fill

Create well tops

Paint discrete Synchronized well scale

Flood fill discrete
Synchronized well scrolling
Pick up value

Edit well log Make “ghost log”

Create discrete log

 CREATE CURVE FILL
3. Open settings for GR in “global well logs”

1. Click on “curve fill”

2. Click on log curve

4. Set min and max value (GR commonly 0 -150)

 CREATE WELL TOPS

2. Click on log
curve

4. Make sure you pick 1. Click on

right marker, bold “create well top”
means active marker
5. Change the name 3. You can put
in setting number on well tops
(right click) or drag
the well top for
adjusment
 MAKE ZONES
1. Click on
“discrete log”

3. Discrete log will

appear in well logs-
global well logs
2. Choose what discrete log do you want
MAKE ZONES (2)
4. Apply to log curve
using flood fills or paint
PETREL COURSE
BASIC SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
SESSION 3 – SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
SESSION 3 - SEISMIC INTERPRETATION

• INTERPRETATION TOOLS
• TIME-DEPTH CHART
• HORIZON PICKING
• FAULT PICKING
• VELOCITY MODEL
• PRELIMINARY MAP (UNSTRUCTURED)
– TIME MAP
– DEPTH MAP
– DEPTH THICKNESS MAP
2D AND INTERPRETATION DISPLAY

Geophysic
process

Tools for
Seismic Interpretation
INTERPRETATION MAIN TOOLS

Set active horizon/fault

Delete
interpretation (X)

Ghost seismic

Interpret fault (F)

Interpret horizon (H)

Seeded 3D autotracking

Seeded 2D autotracking (A)

Guided autotracking (G)

Manual (U)
 INSERT TD CHART

1. Go to Insert 
New Checkshot 3. Click Well Filter
 Insert Well

2. New Checkshot
will appear in
Global Well Log
4. Click on Well
Setting  Link to
well trace of your
well (Cooba-1)
INSERT TD CHART (2)

5. Go to Checkshot
 Spreadsheet 6. Make sure well
target is right, time and
depth unit as well

7. Copy and Paste

of TD chart excel
to spreadsheet
INSERT TD CHART (3)

8. Go to Cooba-1
setting 11. Now the well can
be opened in time
domain in nearest
seismic line

9. Check the override

global settings,
10. Promote the
checkshot 1 and check
it and run
 HORIZON PICKING
4. Choose the signal
3. Go to Interpr folder
 choose insert
seismic horizon 
Change the name
Bold means active
Un-bold to deactivate

5. Start Picking

2. Click on Interpret
1. Go to Seismic Interp. Horizon (H) and choose
type of tracking
 PICKING TYPE
Seeded 3D
Autotracking  good
for bright,high
continuity layers

Guided Autotracking
 good for bright
medium continuity
layer

Manual  good for

low continuity layers
 FAULT PICKING IN 3D OR LINE

3. Start Picking

2. Go to Interpr folder
 choose insert fault
 Change the name
Bold means active
Un-bold to deactivate
1. Click on Interpret Fault (F)
 CREATE SURFACE
2. Put Horizon

3. Put Polygon
/Boundary

4. Set to Automatic
input

1. Go to
utilities  5. Set increment
Make/edit
surface
CREATE SURFACE (2)
6. Go to Algorithm

7. Set type of
interpolation
method
 CREATE SURFACE (3)
1 6. Go to Algorithm

7. Set type of
interpolation method
2

8. Go to well adjustment

9. Put welltops and TWT auto

10. Set the method

 SURFACE IN 3D WINDOWS

Unstructured Time Map (TWT)

 VELOCITY MODEL
2. Put lowermost surface and well tops as well

3. Use Velocity method and data (can be Vavg or Vint)

4. Set radius of well tops correction

1. Go to geophysic  Make velocity model

 MAKE DEPTH MAP
1. Go to time surface settings

2. Map will appear as TVD unit

2. Click on Domain convert by

active velocity model
 THICKNESS MAP
1. Go to Top Structure 
Calculator

2. Create formulas 
Thickness = Top - Bottom

3. Go to new surface  change

template to thickness depth
PETREL COURSE
BASIC GEOMODELING
SESSION 1 – GRIDDING
Rahmadi Hidayat, M.Eng
 MODELING WORKFLOW

• CORNER POINT GRIDDING

• PROPERTY MODELING
• UPSCALING (COARSE)
 SESSION 1 – GRIDDING

• DEFINE MODEL
• FAULT MODELING
• PILLAR GRIDDING
• MAKE HORIZON
• MAKE ZONES AND LAYERING
• MAKE CONTACTS
 FAULT MODELING
3. Right clock on Fault interpretation
(convert it to depth using domain
convert by active velocity model)

2. Go to input

4. Convert to faults
in fault model

1. Click on Fault Modeling

 FAULT MODELING (2)

6. Check the fault and

Fault interpretation is
already modeled

5. Go to model again

Do it in every fault interpretation that you have,

if you have 3, means you have to do this 3 times.
 PILLAR GRIDDING

4. Set automaticaly I-J direction

1. Go to Pillar Gridding

2. Make a boundary of Gridding

 PILLAR GRIDDING (2)

2. Define cell size  Increment I and J

1. Double click Pillar Gridding

3. Click APPLY then OK
 MAKE HORIZON

3. Go to Faults  Set the distance of

fault, more distance means the fault
zone will be larger

2. Insert horizon Top A as input

and well top A as well

4. Go to well adjustment  set

to cells penetrated by wells only
1. Double click Make Horizon
 MAKE HORIZON (2)

Your Horizon

You can change contour intervals

and else in horizon settings Faults cut the Top Horizon
 MAKE ZONES

5. Then we have 2 zones

2. Put the well top between your horizon

3. Set the input type

1. Double click Make Zone 4. Set the building and volume connection
 LAYERING
2. Put the number you want to split
the zone, For example reservoir is
about 150 m, split to 30 means we
will have upscaling (next step) for 5 m
each

1. Double click Layering

 MAKE CONTACTS
2. Set contact type (whether GWC, GOC or OWC)

OWC

3. Input depth of contact and click OK

1. Go to Make Contacts
PETREL COURSE
BASIC GEOMODELING
SESSION 2 – PROPERTY MODELING
 MODELING WORKFLOW

• GEOMETRY MODELING
• SCALE UP WELL LOGS
• FACIES MODELING
• PETROPHYSICAL MODELING
 GEOMETRY MODELING
2. Put method

3. Put the surface, in this

1. Double click on Geometrical Modeling case is RMS amplitude to
reservoir zone
 SCALE UP WELL LOGS

3. Go to well section windows to see

well log and the upscaled log

2. Put the log that you want to

scale-up and set the settings

1. Double click Scale Up Well Logs

 FACIES MODELING
FROM GEOMETRICAL MODELING
1. Go to histogram

2. Activate Property and

Make rectangle for
Histogram
DEP. ENV. FROM GEOMETRICAL MODELING

3. Go to setting of Filter and

define max and min value of
Dep. Env.
 DEP. ENV. FROM GEOMETRICAL MODELING

4. Go to Properties and make

calculators to define Dep. Result
Env.
FACIES MODELING

1. Do the upscaling
for facies log
Tips: common settings
for facies log
Most of
 FACIES MODELING (2)
3. Select zone which will be
modeled

4. Select facies which will be

confined for modeling

5. Choose algorithm method

for modeling

2. Go to Facies Modeling
 FACIES MODELING (3)
6. Set Data Analysis for Modeling in
modeled zone and facies

8. Check the variogram box

(means that modeling will 7. Set Variogram (Major, Minor and Vertical)
use the edited variogram or Tips: direction of major and minor should have
rewrite in variogram in below similarity to paleogeography
 FACIES MODELING (4)

9. See the corelation of well

log, upscaled and modeling
should be in similarity

10. See the result and repeat

this analysis for other facies

9. Click OK
PETROPHYSICAL MODELING
1. Do the upscaling
for PHI log
Tips: common settings
for petrophysical
log arithmetic
average
 PETROPHYSICAL MODELING (2)
3. Select zone which will be
modeled

4. Select facies which will be

confined for modeling

5. Choose algorithm method

for modeling

2. Go to Facies Modeling
 PETROPHYSICAL MODELING (3)
6. Set Data Analysis for Modeling in
modeled zone and facies

8. Check the variogram box

(means that modeling will 7. Set Variogram (Major, Minor and Vertical)
use the edited variogram or Tips: direction of major and minor should have
rewrite in variogram in below similarity to paleogeography
 PETROPHYSICAL MODELING (4)

9. Go to distribution 10. Set Co-kriging

- Estimate data range (manually or - Set the property for secondary variable
automatically), method and dsitribution. and method and coefficient.
 PETROPHYSICAL MODELING (5)

12. See the corelation of well

log, upscaled and modeling
should be in similarity

13. See the result and repeat

this analysis for other facies

11. Click OK
 COARSE MODEL

4. Input initial Grid

1. Go to Make simple Grid
and set boundary and top &
base limit

2. Set Grid increment  3. Go to Scale up

should be coarser than structure 5. Set vertical resolution for Zone
initial grid. and click OK
 COARSE MODEL (2)

7. Input properties in initial Grid

which is targeted for coarse Fine Model
model

8. Click OK

Coarse Model
6. Go to Scaleup Properties
PETREL COURSE
BASIC GEOMODELING
SESSION 4 – VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION
Rahmadi Hidayat, M.Eng
 VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION

1. Go to
Utilities 
Volume
Calculation

2. Input the
contact to fluid
zones
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION

3. Set N/G and

porosity in
General

4. Set Sw, Bo
and Rec factor
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION

5. Go to settings, check
property you want to add, in
oil case usually Bulk vol, Pore
Vol, HCPV oil, STOIIP, and
Recoverable Oil
 VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION

6. Go to
Boundaries, set
the JTM block
polygon as
boundary of
your calculation
(we only need to
calculate inside
the block)

7. Click RUN
CALCULATION RESULT

RESULT