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    Project No. 16279S Project Name Bapco - JVTST: Calculation of Emissivity of Process Gas

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    rajachem
    1) The document describes the calculation of heat transfer in a waste heat boiler with multiple nozzles along the tube length. 2) Key parameters like gas temperature, viscosity, heat capacity, etc. are assumed to vary incrementally along the tube length. 3) The heat transfer is calculated for each incremental length based on the varying parameters to match the required heat duty. 4) If the initial assumptions do not match the required duty, they are modified through an iterative goal seek process.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Project No. 16279S Project Name Bapco - JVTST: Calculation of Emissivity of Process Gas

    Uploaded by

    rajachem
    215 views11 pages
    1) The document describes the calculation of heat transfer in a waste heat boiler with multiple nozzles along the tube length. 2) Key parameters like gas temperature, viscosity, heat capacity, etc. are assumed to vary incrementally along the tube length. 3) The heat transfer is calculated for each incremental length based on the varying parameters to match the required heat duty. 4) If the initial assumptions do not match the required duty, they are modified through an iterative goal seek process.

    Original Description:

    Radiation HTC for Gases

    Original Title

    Radiation HTC

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    1) The document describes the calculation of heat transfer in a waste heat boiler with multiple nozzles along the tube length. 2) Key parameters like gas temperature, viscosity, heat capacity, etc. are assumed to vary incrementally along the tube length. 3) The heat transfer is calculated for each incremental length based on the varying parameters to match the required heat duty. 4) If the initial assumptions do not match the required duty, they are modified through an iterative goal seek process.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xlsx, pdf, or txt
    215 views11 pages

    Project No. 16279S Project Name Bapco - JVTST: Calculation of Emissivity of Process Gas

    Uploaded by

    rajachem
    1) The document describes the calculation of heat transfer in a waste heat boiler with multiple nozzles along the tube length. 2) Key parameters like gas temperature, viscosity, heat capacity, etc. are assumed to vary incrementally along the tube length. 3) The heat transfer is calculated for each incremental length based on the varying parameters to match the required heat duty. 4) If the initial assumptions do not match the required duty, they are modified through an iterative goal seek process.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xlsx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Calculation of Emissivity of Process Gas

    Project No. 16279S


    Project Name BAPCO - JVTST

    Process Gas Temperature Tg 1561.3 K


    Process Gas pressure Pg 1.72810264 atm
    Tube OD D 0.17 ft
    Radius(Beam length), Le = 0.65*D Le 0.1083 ft
    Total Gas Mass flowrate Wg 41637.6 kg/hr
    Molecular weight of Process Gas MWg 28.66 kg/kgmol
    Total Moles of Process Gas Mg 1452.81 kgmol/hr
    Emmisivity Calculation of H2O:
    Total Moles of Water vapor in Process Gas kgmol/hr 421.31
    Mole fraction of water xi 0.290
    Partial pressure of water vapor, xi.Pg Pw 0.5011 atm
    Pw.Le 0.05 ft.atm

    Emissivity of water vapor εw 0.018 from chart


    (Pw + P)/2 1.115
    Correction factor Cw 1.6 from chart

    Emissivity of water vapor with Correction factor εw 0.0288


    Emmisivity Calculation of CO2:
    Total Moles of CO2 in Process Gas Mg 19.67 kgmol/hr
    Mole fraction of carbondioxide xi 0.0135
    Partial pressure of carbondioxide Pc 0.0234 atm
    Pc.Le 0.0025 ft.atm
    Emissivity of carbon dioxide εc 0.006 from chart
    Correction factor Cc 1.2 from chart

    Emissivity of carbon dioxide with correction factor εc 0.0072


    Total Emmisivity Calculation for Gas:
    PW/(Pw + Pc) 0.955 (X axis)
    Le*(Pw + Pc) 0.057 (Y axis)
    Emissivity correction factor Δε 0 from chart

    Total emissivity of gas εg 0.036


    Total Absorptivity Calculation for Gas:
    Tube wall temperature (from HTRI) Ts 555.93 K
    Pw.Le. (Ts/Tg) 0.02 ft.atm
    Pc.Le. (Ts/Tg) 0.001 ft.atm

    Emissivity of water vapor εw 0.035 from chart

    Emissivity of carbon dioxide εc 0.005 from chart


    Absorptivity of water vapor αw 0.089
    Absorptivity of Carbon dioxide αc 0.0117
    Absorptivity correction factor Δα 0.0000
    Total Absorptivity of Gas αg 0.10
    11.52 W/m2.K
    Radiation HTC for Gas, hr hr
    2.07 BTU/ft2.hr.F
    Tube side heat transfer coefficient hi 16.01 BTU/ft2.hr.F
    Factor of Radiation heat transfer coefficient 1.12957
    Charts: Emissivity of Water Vapor
    Charts: Emissivity of CO2
    Charts: Correction factor considering both Water Vapor and CO 2
    Riser
    1) andgeneration
    Steam Downcomer rateSpacing
    varies across the length of heat exchanger.

    2) Gas (Inside) film coefficient (hi) can vary significantly over the length of heat exchanger
    because of large change in physical properties.
    3)Necessary to evaluate the heat transfer in incremental length of tubes. (No.of Increments is equal to the number of nozzles
    4) Assume temperature difference and gas film transfer coefficient in each increment of tube length
    and the assumptions are checked by actual calculation. If the assumptions proved to be invalid, then process
    ,must be repeated with modified assumptions.
    5) Gas heat transfer coefficient must be based on gas physical properties at the average gas temperature
    calculated for specific increment for tube length.

    Project No. 16279S


    Project Description BAPCO
    Overall Heat duty of Waste Heat Boiler, Q BTU/hr 62895000
    No.of Nozzles 4
    Heat duty required, Qrequired BTU/hr 15723750
    Gas Mass flow rate, M lb/hr 91791
    Inside Diameter of tube, di ft 0.1270
    Outside Diameter of tube, do ft 0.1667
    Tube thickness, Tt ft 0.0198333333
    Tube thermal conductivity, KTT BTU/hr-ft-F 25.94322
    Number of Tubes, NT 680
    Length of Tube, L ft 24
    Tubesheet thickness ft 0.104
    Effective length of Tube, Leff ft 23.79
    Water Operating pressure, P psia 609.7
    Saturation Temperature of Water, Tsat F 488
    Gas Viscosity at Wall Metal temperature lb/hr-ft 0.028
    Fouling resistance - shell side, ro ft2-hr-F/Btu 0.0007
    Fouling resistance - tube side, ri ft2-hr-F/Btu 0.0000
    Overdesign % 0

    Nozzle position 1 2
    Gas Inlet temperature, TH F 2351 1913.450
    Gas Outlet temperature, Tc F 1913.450 1475.900
    (Assumed) Incremental length of tube, L ft 2.021 3.012
    Length from Tube sheet, LT ft 2.021 5.033
    Length from Tube sheet with Overdesign, L T ft 2.021 5.033
    Fraction of Effective tube length 0.085 0.212
    Gas viscosity at Inlet temperature,µi lb/hr-ft 0.1330 0.1168
    Gas viscosity at Outlet temperature,µo lb/hr-ft 0.1168 0.1089
    Gas specific heat at Inlet temperature, Cp i BTU/lb-F 0.34 0.325
    Gas specific heat at Outlet temperature,Cp o BTU/lb-F 0.325 0.3100
    Gas thermal conductivity at Inlet temperature, K i BTU/hr-ft-F 0.066 0.056
    Gas thermal conductivity at Outlet temperature, K o BTU/hr-ft-F 0.056 0.046
    Average Gas Viscosity,µ lb/hr-ft 0.1249 0.1128
    Average Gas specific heat,Cp BTU/lb-F 0.3325 0.3175
    Average Thermal conductivity, K BTU/hr-ft-F 0.0610 0.0510
    LMTD F 1634.48 1193.34
    Area of Tubes,A ft2 719.71 1072.40
    Heat Flux, q BTU/hr.ft2 21847.48 14662.27
    Correction factor, FP 1.91 1.91
    shell side heat transfer coefficient, ho BTU/hr.ft2.F 3408.26 2605.97
    Gas Mass Velocity per tube lb/hr.ft2 10655.99 10655.99
    Reynold's Number per tube, Nre 10831.57 11992.51
    Prandtl Number per tube, Pr 0.68 0.70
    Tube side heat transfer coefficient, hi BTU/hr.ft2.F 16.01 14.70
    Resistance of tube wall, rw hr.ft2.F/BTU 0.0009 0.0009
    Factor for Radiation heat transfer 1.1240 1.1240
    Actual tube side heat transfer coefficient, h i BTU/hr.ft2.F 17.9904 16.5216
    Overall Heat transfer coefficient - fouled, U BTU/hr.ft2.F 13.37 12.29
    Calculated Heat duty, QCAL BTU/hr 15723750.00 15723750.00
    Result ok ok
    rajagopalans:
    First assume some incremental length of tube
    and calculate Q and then use goal seek to match
    with Q req by adjusting Incremental length
    value.

    Nozzle
    Gas Temperature Tube length (Inches) heat duty Location from
    (deg F) from Front Tubesheet (MMBtu/hr) Tubesheet
    (Inches)

    2351 0 0
    1913.5 24.257 15.72375 12.128
    1475.9 60.400 31.44750 42.328
    1038.4 123.356 47.17125 91.878
    600.8 311.169 62.89500 217.262
    equal to the number of nozzles)

    d, then process

    temperature

    Temp
    26.998
    2351
    1913.450
    600.8

    2351
    1475.900
    3 4 600.8
    1475.9 1038.4
    1038.350 600.80
    5.246 15.651 2351
    10.280 25.931 1038.350
    10.280 25.931 600.8
    0.432 1.090
    0.1089 0.0842
    0.0842 0.0677
    0.31 0.295
    0.295 0.28
    0.046 0.036
    0.036 0.026
    0.0965 0.0760
    0.3025 0.2875
    0.0410 0.0310
    747.91 276.07
    1867.95 5572.51
    8417.66 2821.66
    1.91 1.91
    1793.78 859.62
    10655.99 10655.99
    14021.32 17816.90
    0.71 0.70
    13.46 12.28
    0.0009 0.0009
    1.1240 1.1240
    15.1330 13.7992
    11.25 10.22
    15723750.00 15723750.00 62895000.00
    ok ok
    Heat duty

    0
    15723750.000
    62895000

    0
    31447500.000
    62895000

    0
    47171250.000
    62895000

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