Pre Employment Math Morristown
Pre Employment Math Morristown
Pre Employment Math Morristown
Pre-Employment Math
Version 1.1
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Table of Contents
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Operations With Whole Numbers
Objective
Calculate each of the following:
A. The sum (addition) of up to five whole numbers.
B. The difference (subtraction) between any two whole numbers.
C. The product (multiplication) of any two whole numbers.
D. The quotient (division) of any two whole numbers.
Whole numbers are the "counting numbers" we first learn plus the number "0."
• Whole numbers = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, . . . }
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Division: The quotient is the result of dividing one number by another number.
Objective
Calculate each of the following:
A. The sum (addition) of up to five decimal numbers.
B. The difference (subtraction) between any two decimal numbers.
C. The product (multiplication) of any two decimal numbers.
D. The quotient (division) of any two decimal numbers.
Addition: Line up the decimal points, add zeros to the right (if needed), add the
numbers, and place decimal point in the answer directly below the other decimals.
Subtraction: Line up the decimal points, add zeros (if needed), subtract numbers
as usual, and place the decimal point in the answer directly below the other decimals.
Multiplication: Ignore the decimal points and multiply the numbers as if they
were whole numbers. To place the decimal in the answer, add the number of
places to the right of the decimal in each factor, and then count over (from the
right) the same number of places in the answer.
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Division: When dividing by a whole number, divide as usual and place the
decimal point in the answer directly above the decimal point of the number you
are dividing into.
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Operations With Integers (Positive And Negative Numbers)
Objective
Calculate each of the following:
A. The sum (addition) of up to five integers (positives and negatives).
B. The difference (subtraction) between any two integers (positives and negatives).
C. The product (multiplication) of any two integers (positives and negatives).
D. The quotient (division) of any two integers (positives and negatives).
Examples: Integers include such numbers as 0, 1, –12, 34, –52, 921, and –4,106.
Integers do not include numbers with fractions or decimals like –52.3, or 10 ¾.
Examples: +1 = 1 and +5 = 5
2 positive integers: add the numbers and the answer will be positive.
+
Examples: 2 + +6 = +8 +
13 + +31 = +44
2 negative integers: ignore the signs and add. Answer will be negative.
–
Examples: 4 + –7 = –11 –
41 + –17 = –58
A positive and negative integer: ignore the signs and subtract the
smallest from the largest. Then give the answer the sign of the "largest"
of the two numbers.
–
Examples: 2 + +9 = +7 +
6 + –9 = –3
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Examples:
+
2 – –6 = +2 + +6 = +8 +
9 – –5 = +9 + +5 = +14
–
3 – –9 = –3 + +9 = +6 –
8 – –7 = –8 + +7 = –1
+
10 – +4 = +10 + –4 = +6 +
8 – +15 = +8 + –15 = –7
–
19 – +8 = –19 + –8 = –27 –
12 – +25 = –12 + –25 = –37
Signs are the same: multiply the numbers and the answer will be positive.
+
Examples: 2 x +6 = +12 +
10 x +7 = +70
–
9 x –4 = +36 –
2 x –12 = +24
Signs are the same: divide the numbers and the answer will be positive.
+
Examples: 24 ÷ +6 = +4 +
10 ÷ +2 = +5
–
18 ÷ –3 = +6 –
63 ÷ –7 = +9
Signs are different: divide the numbers and the answer will be negative.
+
Examples: 24 ÷ –6 = –4 –
10 ÷ +2 = –5
–
18 ÷ +3 = –6 +
63 ÷ –7 = –9
Order Of Numbers
Objective
Arrange any set of up to 6 numbers in order from smallest to greatest.
Symbols: The relative size of two numbers is shown by the signs: =, <, and >.
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< means "is less than"
Example: 4.13 < 4.17 means "4.13 is less than 4.17"
The order of any two numbers: For any two given numbers, the first one must
be greater than, less than or equal to the second one. If A and B are two numbers,
then either A > B, A < B, or A= B.
Example: Arrange from largest to smallest: 1.23, 1.002 1.3, 2, 1.09, and 2.203
Since 1.002 and 2.203 both include three decimal places,
write all 6 numbers with 3 decimal places:
1.230, 1.002, 1.300, 2.000, 1.090, and 2.203
Now we can arrange them as
2.203 > 2.000 > 1.300 > 1.230 > 1.090 > 1.002
or
1.002 < 1.090 < 1.230 < 1.300 < 2.000 < 2.203
Objective
Write (a) a given decimal number as a fraction or a percent, (b) a given fraction as a
decimal or a percent, and (c) a given percent as a decimal or a fraction.
Meaning of percent: Percent means "per hundred" and has been created to help
make comparisons. You could compare the quality of two piston orders by saying
that order A had 230 scrap pistons out of a total of 20,000 and that order B had
only 168 scrap pistons out of a total of 8,000. But a better way would be to
compare the number of scrap pistons per 100. Order A has a scrap rate of 1.15%
while order B had a scrap rate of 2.1%.
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Numbers that represent the same quantity: There are always several different
ways to represent the same quantity and many times there is a need to change a
number from one form to another. The most common conversions are between
(a) decimals, (b) percents, and (c) fractions.
Examples: 3/5 = 3 ÷ 5 = .6
5/6 = 5 ÷ 6 = .833
17/20 = 17 ÷ 20 = .85
36/8 = 36 ÷ 8 = 4.5
For 213/5, convert 3/5 to .6 to get 21.6
Examples:
.2 = 2/10 To simplify, divide both 2 and 10 by 2 to get 1/5
.65 = 65/100 To simplify, divide both 65 and 100 by 5 to get 13/20
.003 = 3/1000 Cannot be simplified
23.50 = 2350/100 To simplify, divide both 50 and 100 by 50 to get 231/2
9.0040 = 940/10000 To simplify, divide 40 and 10,000 by 40 to get 91/250
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Fractions and percents: Instead of trying to convert a fraction to a percent,
convert the fraction to a decimal and the decimals to a percent. To convert a
percent to a fraction, convert it to a decimal and the decimals to a fraction.
Angle Conversions
Objective
Convert a given measurement in (a) decimal degrees to degrees/minutes/seconds
and (b) degrees/minutes/seconds to decimal degrees.
Measuring the size of an angle: The size of an angle (how wide it "opens") is
measured by degrees ( ° ). For example, an angle formed by two perpendicular
lines contains 90 degrees (90°). Each degree can be divided into 60 smaller units
called minutes ( ' ) and each minute can be divided into even smaller units called
seconds ( " ).
Angles can also be measured in terms of decimal degrees. For example, 23.5°
means 23 and ½ degrees. The same angle can be written as either decimal
degrees or degrees/minutes/seconds.
Examples:
Convert 63.8° to degrees/minutes/seconds
Multiply .8 x 60 minutes to get 48' (48 minutes) 63.8° = 63° 48'
Convert 9.27° to degrees/minutes/seconds
Multiply .27 x 60 minutes to get 16.2' (16.2 minutes) 9.27° = 9°16.2'
Then multiply .2 x 60 seconds to get 12" (12 seconds) = 9°16'12"
Examples:
Convert 25° 45' to decimal degrees
Divide 45 by 60 to get .75. 25° 45' = 25.75°
Convert 9° 17' to decimal degrees
Divide 17 by 60 to get .283 9° 17' = 9.283°
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Changing degrees/minutes/seconds to decimal degrees: To convert
degrees/minutes/seconds to decimal degrees, (a) divide the number of seconds by
60 to get decimal minutes & (b) divide that number by 60 to get decimal degrees.
Examples:
Convert 67° 5' 48" to decimal degrees
(a) divide 48 by 60 to get .8 (5' 48" = 5.8')
(b) divide 5.8 by 60 to get .097 (67° 5' 48" = 67.097°)
Percent Problems
Objective
Convert any problem involving percents to "A% of B is C" form with two of the
three variables known, and calculate the value of the unknown variable.
Two methods from which to choose: There are two basic approaches to solving
most types of percent problems, but you only need to learn one method—the one
that makes the most sense to you. The algebraic method is described in the next
section. The proportion method is used and explained in our interactive videodisc
program. It starts with writing a proportion like the following:
Is = Percent t
Of 100
First write: X x = 7 7
300 100
Then cross multiply to get: 100X = 2,100
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24 is 6% of what number?
First write: 24 = 6 x
X 100
Then cross multiply to get: 6X = 2,400
Examples:
A. If 18% of our 20,000 sq. ft. storage warehouse is now empty, how many
square feet of space are in use?
1. Let X equal the unknown number of square feet that are empty and write
the statement:
18% of 20,000 sq. ft. is X
2. Write a math equation by changing 18% to .18, "of" to x and "is" to =.
.18 x 20,000 = X
3. Find the value of X by multiplying .18 x 20,000 sq. ft. to get 3,600 sq. ft.
Since the empty space is 3,600 sq. ft. and the total space is 20,000 sq. ft.,
the space that is in use will be equal to 20,000 – 3,600 = 16,400 sq. ft.
B. What is the scrap rate if 45 pistons were scrap in an 3,000 piston order?
1. Let X equal the percent scrap rate and write the statement:
X% of 3,000 pistons is 45 pistons
2. Write a math equation by changing "of" to x and "is" to =.
X x 3,000 = 45
3. Find the value of X by dividing 45 by 3,000 to get .015
Change the decimal .015 to a percent to get 1.5%
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C. Another order produced 225 scrap pistons. It that represented 3% of a
total order, how many pistons were in the total order?
Finding Tolerances
Objective
Calculate minimum, maximum, and nominal tolerances
Find the tolerances for 8.234 ± .003 (can also be written 8.234 +.003 / –.003):
Maximum: Add the largest tolerance value (+.003 in this case) to the original number.
Minimum: Add the smallest tolerance value (–.003 in this case) to the original number.
Nominal: Add the minimum and maximum numbers together and divide by 2.
Examples:
1. 6.537 ± .500
Maximum: 6.537 + (+.500) = 7.037
Minimum: 6.537 + (–.500) = 6.037
Nominal: 7.037 + 6.037 = 13.074 ÷ 2 = 6.537
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3. 5.454 +.022 / +.030
Maximum: 5.454 + (+.030) = 5.484
Minimum: 5.454 + (+.022) = 5.476
Nominal: 5.484 + 5.476 = 10.960 ÷ 2 = 5.480
5. 8.6 +.2 **If only given one tolerance, assume the other is zero.**
Maximum: 8.6 + (+.2) = 8.8
Minimum: 8.6 + (0) = 8.6
Nominal: 8.8 + 8.6 = 17.4 ÷ 2 = 8.7
6. 8.6 –.2
Maximum: 8.6 + (0) = 8.6
Minimum: 8.6 + (–.2) = 8.4
Nominal: 8.6 + 8.4 = 17 ÷ 2 = 8.5
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PRE-EMPLOYMENT MATH
PRACTICE EVALUATION
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PRE-EMPLOYMENT PRACTICE EVALUATION Name: _________________________________
Instructions:
1. The time limit is one (1) hour..
2. Write your answers in the correct blank and, where applicable, show all your work.
3. Use a calculator. If you don't have a calculator, please ask for one.
4. Round any answer with four (4) or more decimal places to three (3) places, unless
instructions state otherwise. Do not round any number until your final answer.
PART A:
Perform each of the following operations.
1. 21 - 9 = ______________ 2. 16 + 6 = _______________
3. 19 + 22 + 14 =______________ 4. 12 x 6 = _______________
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PART B:
Perform each of the following operations.
23. −
8.23 ÷ 3.1 = ___________________ 24. −
6.1 x −9.8 = _________________
−
25. 14 + −1 = ____________________ 26. 6.4 - −2 = ___________________
PART C:
Solve the following problems.
27. If a box contains 12 layers of pistons and 15 pistons are stacked on a layer, how many
pistons are packaged in the box?
28. You are allowed to stack 440 pistons on a pallet. You stack 8 layers containing 40 pistons
per layer on the pallet. How many more layers of pistons could be placed on the pallet.
The additional number of layers that could be placed on the pallet = __________________
29. The original measurement of a part is 8.45 mm. If the part is decreased in size by 0.08
mm, calculate the new measurement of the part.
30. The target size of a part is 3.42 mm. If the part measures 0.07 mm smaller than the target
size, what is the actual size of the part?
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PART D:
Perform the following decimal / fraction / percent conversions.
PART E:
Solve the following percent problem.
34. Last year a local industry produced 550,000 parts. If 1.5% of these parts were defective,
how many defective parts were produced?
PART F:
For each problem below, identify the smallest number.
35. Given the numbers 0.04 and 0.7, the smallest number is ____________________
36. Given the numbers −3.6 and −4.8, the smallest number is ____________________
37. Given the numbers −5 and −2, the smallest number is ____________________
38. Given the numbers 12 and −15, the smallest number is ____________________
PART G:
Complete the following table for the dimensions and tolerances given. Do not round your answers.
Tolerances must be exact. Answers that have been rounded will be considered incorrect.
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PRE-EMPLOYMENT MATH
PRACTICE EVALUATION
ANSWER KEY
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PRE-EMPLOYMENT PRACTICE EVALUATION Name: _________________________________
Instructions:
1. The time limit is two (2) hours.
2. Write your answers in the correct blank and, where applicable, show all your work.
3. Use a calculator. If you don't have a calculator, please ask for one.
4. Round any answer with four (4) or more decimal places to three (3) places, unless
instructions state otherwise. Do not round any number until your final answer.
PART A:
Perform each of the following operations.
1. 21 - 9 = 12 2. 16 + 6 = 22
3. 19 + 22 + 14 = 55 4. 12 x 6 = 72
5. 105 ÷ 7 = 15 6. 4x9= 36
7. 78 - 24 = 54 8. 15 + 120 = 135
9. 50 - 12 - 3 - 2 = 33 10. 14 x 21 = 294
15. 65 ÷ 5 = 13 16. 93 - 17 = 76
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PART B:
Perform each of the following operations.
23. −
8.23 ÷ 3.1 = −2.655 24. −
6.1 x −9.8 = 59.78
−
25. 14 + −1 = −
15 26. 6.4 - −2 = 8.4
PART C:
Solve the following problems.
27. If a box contains 12 layers of pistons and 15 pistons are stacked on a layer, how many
pistons are packaged in the box?
28. You are allowed to stack 440 pistons on a pallet. You stack 8 layers containing 40 pistons
per layer on the pallet. How many more layers of pistons could be placed on the pallet.
29. The original measurement of a part is 8.45 mm. If the part is decreased in size by 0.08
mm, calculate the new measurement of the part.
30. The target size of a part is 3.42 mm. If the part measures 0.07 mm smaller than the target
size, what is the actual size of the part?
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PART D:
Perform the following decimal / fraction / percent conversions.
PART E:
Solve the following percent problem.
34. Last year a local industry produced 550,000 parts. If 1.5% of these parts were defective,
how many defective parts were produced?
PART F:
For each problem below, identify the smallest number.
35. Given the numbers 0.04 and 0.7, the smallest number is 0.04
36. Given the numbers −3.6 and −4.8, the smallest number is −4.8
38. Given the numbers 12 and −15, the smallest number is −15
PART G:
Complete the following table for the dimensions and tolerances given. Do not round your answers.
Tolerances must be exact. Answers that have been rounded will be considered incorrect.
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PART H:
Perform the following angle conversions:
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