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    High Jump

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    This document provides an analysis of the three main components of the high jump: the approach, takeoff, and bar clearance. It discusses the goals and key techniques for each component. The approach aims to prepare the athlete's body position and build speed and rhythm. The takeoff works to add a vertical velocity component by increasing the angle of the velocity vector. During bar clearance, the goals are initially to counteract forward rotation and later utilize rotation, while also maximizing hip height to clear the bar. The document references models for each component and emphasizes applying biomechanical concepts like vectors and center of mass.

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    High Jump

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    44 views15 pages
    This document provides an analysis of the three main components of the high jump: the approach, takeoff, and bar clearance. It discusses the goals and key techniques for each component. The approach aims to prepare the athlete's body position and build speed and rhythm. The takeoff works to add a vertical velocity component by increasing the angle of the velocity vector. During bar clearance, the goals are initially to counteract forward rotation and later utilize rotation, while also maximizing hip height to clear the bar. The document references models for each component and emphasizes applying biomechanical concepts like vectors and center of mass.

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    This document provides an analysis of the three main components of the high jump: the approach, takeoff, and bar clearance. It discusses the goals and key techniques for each component. The approach aims to prepare the athlete's body position and build speed and rhythm. The takeoff works to add a vertical velocity component by increasing the angle of the velocity vector. During bar clearance, the goals are initially to counteract forward rotation and later utilize rotation, while also maximizing hip height to clear the bar. The document references models for each component and emphasizes applying biomechanical concepts like vectors and center of mass.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views15 pages

    High Jump

    Uploaded by

    api-345694988
    This document provides an analysis of the three main components of the high jump: the approach, takeoff, and bar clearance. It discusses the goals and key techniques for each component. The approach aims to prepare the athlete's body position and build speed and rhythm. The takeoff works to add a vertical velocity component by increasing the angle of the velocity vector. During bar clearance, the goals are initially to counteract forward rotation and later utilize rotation, while also maximizing hip height to clear the bar. The document references models for each component and emphasizes applying biomechanical concepts like vectors and center of mass.

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    HIGH JUMP

    An analysis of the
    approach, takeoff, and bar clearance

    Ryan Koch
    &
    Heather Miller-Koch
    The Model
    ● Model (definition)
    – “A system or thing used as an example to follow or imitate.”

    ● ALWAYS HAVE A MODEL


    – Guides athlete development
    – Structures coaching progression
    – Provides feedback

    ● Our high jump models


    – Derek Drouin (takeoff)
    – Stefan Holm (bar clearance)
    – Antonietta DiMartino (complete jump, female)
    Important Concepts
    ● Vector
    – A measurement that has both magnitude and direction
    – Examples:
    ● Velocity
    ● Acceleration
    ● Center of Mass
    – A point representing the mean position of the matter in a body or system.
    ● Angular Momentum
    – Figure Skater Example
    ● Arms out = slow
    ● Arms in = fast
    Components of the High Jump
    i. Approach
    ii. Takeoff
    iii. Bar Clearance
    Components of the High Jump
    i. Approach
    ii. Takeoff
    iii. Bar Clearance
    Approach
    ● What is the purpose/goal of the approach?
    – Posture
    ● The approach must prepare the athlete for proper take-off positions
    ● The single most important result of the approach is the athlete's body
    position leaning away from the bar at take-off
    – Tempo/Rhythm
    ● The approach must build toward
    the takeoff
    – Speed
    ● Less critical for younger jumpers,
    ● but necessary for elite-level heights
    Approach
    ● Approach Length
    – A longer approach almost always equates to more speed at takeoff, and
    too much speed will limit performance, especially for a younger athlete
    – Common stride counts
    ● High School = 8-10
    ● College = 8-12
    ● Elite = 10-14
    Approach
    ● Approach Phases
    – Straight
    ● Generate enough speed so as to not have to over-work the corner
    ● Generate rhythm
    ● The initial phase of the high jump approach is among the most
    varied technique in all of track and field; it is very much affected by
    athlete comfort and preference
    ● This is the part of the approach most prone to inconsistencies
    – Corner
    ● Run a true corner to generate the desired body lean
    – Cannot be an “L” or anything comprised of straight line segments; this
    will take the athlete out of the desired body position
    ● A quality high jump cannot be achieved without a quality corner
    Components of the High Jump
    i. Approach
    ii. Takeoff
    iii. Bar Clearance
    Takeoff
    ● What is the goal of the takeoff?
    – Add a vertical component to the athlete's velocity
    ● Takeoff – in any jump – is the process of increasing the angle of the
    athlete's velocity vector
    ● “Convert” or “block”
    Takeoff
    ● Penultimate
    – What is it?
    ● Lower center of mass
    ● Flat foot contact
    – Depending on jumper's natural tendencies, the lowering during the
    penultimate stride may need to be stressed more or less
    ● Takeoff
    – Shorten last stride; active foot
    ● Do not “wait” for the ground
    – Flat foot contact
    – Knee Angle > 160 degrees (eccentric strength)
    Takeoff
    ● Free Leg !!!!!
    – Proactive free leg
    ● Knees move past one another actively
    – Long, sweeping free leg
    ● Free leg must be long in the early stages of the flight, and it's easiest
    to accomplish this with a “leg swing” rather than a “knee drive”
    – Note: great, elite-level jumpers who can drive knee
    and then straighten leg will benefit from a knee drive,
    which will create a shorter, faster lever; this is very
    difficult for lower-level jumpers, and is even not worth
    the trade-off for some of the best jumpers in the world
    – Free leg foot must move UP, and AWAY
    ● UP = leg drive
    ● AWAY = rotation and long body axis
    Components of the High Jump
    i. Approach
    ii. Takeoff
    iii. Bar Clearance
    Bar Clearance
    ● What is the goal during the clearance of the bar?
    – Is rotation desirable?
    ● Initially, we want to counteract forward rotation (angular momentum)
    – Long, straight line from head to free leg foot
    – Work to “parallel with ground” before trying to arch
    ● Later, we want to utilize the rotation
    – We arch, and speed up rotation, on top of the bar
    – Maximize hip height
    ● Once takeoff is complete, there is nothing the athlete can do to “go”
    higher; the path of the athlete's center of mass has already been
    determined.
    ● However, the athlete can still affect the distance between his/her
    COM and hips
    – Raise hips by dropping head, shoulders, and feet
    – COM can actually pass below the bar!!
    Questions?

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