ISTA Rules 2017 02 Sampling

International Rules for Seed Testing, Chapter 2, i–2-44 (50)
http://doi.org/10.15258/istarules.2017.02
International Rules for

Seed Testing
2017
Chapter 2: Sampling
Including changes and editorial corrections adopted at the

Ordinary General Meeting 2016, Tallinn, Estonia
Effective from 1 January 2017

International Rules for Seed Testing
Note on the use of the translations
The electronic version of the International Rules for Seed Testing includes the English,
French and German versions. If there are any questions on interpretation of the ISTA
Rules, the English version is the definitive version.
Published by
The International Seed Testing Association (ISTA)
Zürichstr. 50, CH-8303 Bassersdorf, Switzerland
©2017 International Seed Testing Association (ISTA)
Online ISSN 2310-3655
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from ISTA.

ii Effective 1 January 2017

International Rules for Seed Testing Contents
Contents
Preface to the 2017 Edition of the ISTA Rules .................. v 2.5.4.5 Submitted sample ..................................... 2-11
2.5.4.6 Sample reduction ...................................... 2-11
Chapter 2: Sampling ....................................................... 2-1 2.5.4.7 Storage of submitted samples after
2.1 Object ....................................................................... 2-1 testing ................................................................. 2-11
2.2 Definitions ................................................................ 2-1 2.6 Calculation and expression of results ..................... 2-11
2.2.1 Seed lot ............................................................... 2-1 2.7 Reporting of results ................................................ 2-11
2.2.2 Sublot ................................................................. 2-1 2.8 Tables for lot size and sample sizes ........................ 2-12
2.2.3 Primary sample .................................................. 2-1 Table 2A Part 1. Lot sizes and sample sizes:
2.2.4 Composite sample .............................................. 2-1 agricultural and vegetable seeds ..................... 2-13
2.2.5 Subsample .......................................................... 2-1 Table 2A Part 2. Lot sizes and sample sizes:
2.2.6 Submitted sample ............................................... 2-1 tree and shrub seeds ........................................ 2-20
2.2.7 Duplicate sample ................................................ 2-1 Table 2A Part 3. Lot sizes and sample sizes:
2.2.8 Working sample ................................................. 2-1 flower, spice, herb and medicinal species ....... 2-25
2.2.9 Sealed ................................................................. 2-1 Table 2B Part 1. Sample sizes (numbers of
2.2.10 Self-sealing containers ..................................... 2-1 seeds) for pelleted seeds, encrusted seed and
2.2.11 Marked/labelled ................................................ 2-1 seed granules ................................................... 2-33
2.2.12 Treated seed ..................................................... 2-2 Table 2B Part 2. Sample sizes (number of
2.2.13 Coated seeds ..................................................... 2-2 seeds) for seed tapes and mats ........................ 2-33
2.2.14 Small seed lots ................................................. 2-2 2.9 Heterogeneity testing for seed lots in multiple
2.3 General principles ..................................................... 2-2 containers .................................................................. 2-34
2.4 Apparatus .................................................................. 2-2 2.9.1 The H value test ............................................... 2-34
2.5 Procedures ............................................................... 2-2 2.9.1.1 Definitions of terms and symbols .............. 2-34
2.5.1 Procedures for sampling a seed lot .................... 2-2 2.9.1.2 Sampling the lot ......................................... 2-35
2.5.1.1 Preparation of a seed lot and conditions 2.9.1.3 Testing procedure ....................................... 2-35
for sampling ......................................................... 2-2 2.9.1.4 Use of Table 2D ......................................... 2-36
2.5.1.2 Minimum sampling intensity ....................... 2-3 2.9.1.5 Reporting results ........................................ 2-36
2.5.1.3 Taking primary samples ............................... 2-3 2.9.2 The R value test ................................................ 2-36
2.5.1.4 Obtaining the composite sample .................. 2-5 2.9.2.1 Definitions of terms and symbols .............. 2-36
2.5.1.5 Obtaining the submitted sample .................. 2-5 2.9.2.2 Sampling the lot ......................................... 2-36
2.5.1.6 Dispatch of the submitted sample ................ 2-5 2.9.2.3 Testing procedure ....................................... 2-36
2.5.1.7 Storage of submitted samples before 2.9.2.4 Use of tables .............................................. 2-37
testing ................................................................... 2-5 2.9.2.5 Reporting results ........................................ 2-37
2.5.2 Procedures for obtaining the submitted and 2.9.3 Interpretation of results .................................... 2-37
working sample ........................................................ 2-5
2.5.2.1 Minimum size of working sample ............... 2-5
2.5.2.2 Sample reduction methods ........................... 2-5
2.5.2.2.1 Mechanical divider method ................... 2-6
2.5.2.2.2 Modified halving method ...................... 2-7
2.5.2.2.3 Spoon method ........................................ 2-7
2.5.2.2.4 The hand halving method ...................... 2-7
2.5.3 Storage of samples after testing ......................... 2-8
2.5.4 Conditions for issuing Orange International
Seed Lot Certificates ............................................... 2-8
2.5.4.1 Seed lot size ................................................ 2-8
2.5.4.2 Large seed lots of Poaceae ......................... 2-8
2.5.4.2.1 Definitions ............................................. 2-8
2.5.4.2.2 Approval ................................................ 2-9
2.5.4.2.3 Check sampling and testing .................. 2-9
2.5.4.2.4 Withdrawal of approval ......................... 2-9
2.5.4.2.5 Responsibility ........................................ 2-9
Contents
2.5.4.3 Marking/labelling and sealing of

containers ............................................................. 2-9
2.5.4.4 Sampling from the seed lot .......................... 2-9
Effective 1 January 2017 iii

International Rules for Seed Testing Preface to the 2017 Edition of the ISTA Rules
Preface to the 2017 Edition of the ISTA Rules
Since 2014, the International Rules for Seed Testing (ISTA Details of changes
Rules) are primarily available in electronic form only. The
ISTA Rules can be downloaded as a complete PDF file or The 2016 changes are editorial corrections or Rules
as individual chapters from: changes adopted at the Ordinary General Meeting held at
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ista/rules Tallinn, Estonia, in June 2016.
If required, users of the ISTA Rules can print their own The changes in the text content from the previous edi-
copies. For further information on the ISTA Rules, see: tion of the ISTA Rules are listed below. They can be dis-
http://www.seedtest.org/rules played as yellow highlighted text as a ‘layer’ within the
The electronic version includes the English, French and electronic copy with comments on what has changed.
German versions of the ISTA Rules. If there are any ques- For the previous history of amendments to the ISTA
tions on interpretation of the ISTA Rules, the English ver- Rules, see the Prefaces for 2003 to 2016 on the ISTA web
sion is the definitive version. site.
Dr. Steve Jones, ISTA Rules Committee Chair

Seed health testing methods
Ernest Allen, ISTA Rules Committee Vice-Chair
Previously, the seed health testing methods were pub-
lished as a separate Annexe to Chapter 7 of the ISTA ISTA Secretariat
Rules. They are now available as separate method sheets
from the ISTA web site at:
http://www.seedtest.org/seedhealthmethods
Effective 1 January 2017 xiii

Preface to the 2017 Edition of the ISTA Rules International Rules for Seed Testing
Changes to the ISTA Rules for 2017

Chapter 1: 1.3 j: Clarification that sublot-specific infor- Chapter 5: 5.6.3: Clarification that all dormancy-break-
mation is not necessary ing procedures can be used, even when no recommen-
1.4.2 e: Clarification about reporting of number of dation is listed in Table 5A
containers on the Orange International Seed Lot 5.6.5.2: Reporting multigerm seed units: harmoniza-
Certificate tion with 5.8 and 5.9
1.6: Clarification about re-issuance of certificates. 5.11: Re-introduction of tolerance tables for compar-
Also to comply with the ISO 17025 requirement to ing results between laboratories
provide traceability. Table 5A Part 2: Carica papaya added
A number of “Reporting results” changes in other Chapter 7: Harmonization of ‘Reporting results’ in all
chapters are also repeated in section 1.5.2. methods
Chapter 2: 2.2.2: Sublots are defined 7-019a, 7-019b, 7-021, 7-023, 7-026, 7-029: editorial
2.2.11: Seed lot labels must be tamper-proof modifications for best practise in testing
2.2.14: Small seed lots are defined Method 7-025: revised sample and subsample size
2.5.1.2:Revision of sampling intensity Chapter 8: 8.2.3-8.2.6: Replacement of performance-ap-
2.5.1.3 a): Random sampling intervals with automatic proved methods by semi-performance-based methods
samplers no longer allowed for DNA-based testing
2.5.1.3 c), d): Minimum inside diameters of sampling 8.3.3: Semi-performance-based approach for DNA-
sticks and Nobbe triers are redefined based testing
2.5.1.5: Triers permitted for obtaining submitted sam- 8.7.3: Deleted
ples from a large composite sample 8.8: Standardized methods split into 8.8. Convention-
2.5.2.2.1: Restriction of divider types to those al methods and 8.9 Protein-based methods
mentioned 8.9, 8.10 renumbered 8.11, 8.12
2.5.2.2.1: Clarification about specifications for coni- 8.10: New section ‘DNA-based methods
cal dividers and soil dividers Chapter 9: 9.1.7: Additional instructions for moisture
2.5.4.3: Checking the marking/labelling and sealing testing of Arachis hypogaea
of containers is redefined 9.1.5.1: Additional instructions for moisture tests
2.5.4.4: Automatic samplers must be approved ac- submitted for reporting on a BIC
cording to the relevant ISTA Protocol Chapter 11: 11.3.5.3: Clarification of procedure for re-
2.5.4.5: Clarification of the size of the submitted moval of pelleting material
sample Chapter 13: 13.6, 13.9: Replacement of ‘seeds germi-
2.5.4.7: Clarification of storage of submitted samples nated’ by ‘normal seedlings’
Table 2A Part 1: Carica papaya L. added Chapter 15: 15.8.1: Conductivity test validated for
2.9.1.3: Size of working sample for other seed count Raphanus sativus
reduced to 2500 seeds 15.8.1.3: New Table 15A to summarize conditions for
Table 2G Parts 1 and 2: formulas added for calculat- conductivity tests

ing tolerances 15.3: Radicle emergence test validated for Raphanus
Chapter 3: 3.2.2: Improved guidance regarding schizo- sativus
carps in other seed 15.8.3: Alternative procedures within the Controlled
PSD 10: Adhering Allium seeds can be left together Deterioration test
Table 3B Part 1: Hedysarum moved from PSD 11 to 15.8.4.4.2: Clarification of procedure of placing seed
PSD 23 and designated ‘Chaffy’ lots at required temperature
Table 3B Part 1: Carica papaya added 15.8.5: New method: tetrazolium vigour test for
Chapter 4: 4.7: If no other seeds were found, this must Glycine max
be reported
xiv Effective 1 January 2017

International Rules for Seed Testing Chapter 2: Sampling
Chapter 2: Sampling
2.1 Object 2.2.7 Duplicate sample
The object of sampling is to obtain a sample of a size suit- A duplicate sample is another sample obtained for submis-
able for tests, in which the probability of a constituent be- sion from the same composite sample and marked ‘Dupli-
ing present is determined only by its level of occurrence cate sample’.
in the seed lot.
2.2.8 Working sample

2.2 Definitions
The working sample is the whole of the submitted sample
2.2.1 Seed lot or a subsample thereof, on which one of the quality tests
described in these ISTA Rules is made and must be at least
A seed lot is a specified quantity of seed that is physically the weight prescribed by the ISTA Rules for the particular
and uniquely identifiable. test.
2.2.2 Sublot 2.2.9 Sealed
A sublot is a portion of not less than 20 % of the seed lot. Sealed means that a container in which seed is held is
Each container of a sublot must be marked with the iden- closed in such a way, that it cannot be opened to gain ac-
tification of the seed lot. cess to the seed and closed again, without either destroy-
ing the seal or leaving evidence of tampering. This defini-
tion refers to the sealing of seed lots, as well as of seed
2.2.3 Primary sample samples.
A primary sample is a portion taken from the seed lot dur-

ing one single sampling action. 2.2.10 Self-sealing containers
The ‘valve-pack’ bag is a specific type of self sealing con-

2.2.4 Composite sample tainer. It is filled through a sleeve-shaped valve which is
automatically closed by the completion of filling the bag.
The composite sample is formed by combining and mix-
ing all the primary samples taken from the seed lot.
2.2.11 Marked/labelled
2.2.5 Subsample A container of a seed lot can be considered as marked or

labelled when there is a unique identification mark on the
A subsample is a portion of a sample obtained by reducing container, which defines the seed lot to which the container
a sample. belongs. All containers of a seed lot must be marked with
the same unique seed lot designation (numbers, characters
or combination of both). Should the unique identification
2.2.6 Submitted sample mark be indicated on a label attached to the container, it
Chapter 2: Sampling
must not be possible to remove the label and replace it

A submitted sample is a sample that is to be submitted to with another label without showing signs of tampering.
the testing laboratory and may comprise either the whole Marking of samples and subsamples must ensure that
of the composite sample or a subsample thereof. The sub- there is always an unambiguous link between the seed lot
mitted sample may be divided into subsamples packed and the samples and subsamples.
in different material meeting conditions for specific tests
(e.g. moisture or health).
Effective 1 January 2017 2-1

Chapter 2: Sampling International Rules for Seed Testing
2.2.12 Treated seed 2.3 General principles

‘Seed treatment’ is a generic term which indicates that a A composite sample is obtained from the seed lot by tak-
seed lot has been subjected to: ing primary samples from different positions in the whole
a) the application of a compound including chemicals, seed lot and combining them. From this composite sam-
nutrients or hormones ple, subsamples are obtained by sample reduction proce-
b) the application of a biological product including dures at one or more stages forming the submitted sample
micro-organisms and finally the working samples for testing. For issuing
c) a process including wetting and drying ISTA Certificates, specific requirements have to be ful-
d) an energy form including heat, radiation, electricity or filled as given under 2.5.4. Further information on seed
magnetism sampling can be found in the current ISTA Handbook on
but does not specify the application method. Seed Sampling.
Seed treatment does not significantly change the size,
shape or add to the weight of the seeds in the lot.
2.4 Apparatus
2.2.13 Coated seeds Sampling and sample reduction must be performed using
appropriate techniques and equipment that is clean and in
Coated seeds are seeds covered with material that may good condition as described in 2.5.1 and 2.5.2.2.
contain pesticides, fungicides, dyes or other additives. Containers used to collect primary samples, composite
The following types of coated seeds are defined: samples and during mixing and dividing must be static-
free to avoid chaff or small seeds adhering to the inside of
Seed pellets. More or less spherical units, usually incor- the containers.
porating a single seed with the size and shape of the
seed no longer readily evident.
2.5 Procedures
Encrusted seed. Units more or less retaining the shape of
the seed with the size and weight changed to a measur- 2.5.1 Procedures for sampling a seed lot
able extent.
2.5.1.1 Preparation of a seed lot and
Seed granules. Units more or less cylindrical, including conditions for sampling
types with more than one seed per granule.
At the time of sampling, the seed lot must be as uniform as
Seed tapes. Narrow bands of material, such as paper or practicable. If the seed lot is found to be obviously hetero-
other degradable material, with seeds spaced random- geneous, sampling must be refused or stopped. In cases of
ly, in groups or in a single row. doubt heterogeneity can be determined as described under
2.9.
Seed mats. Broad sheets of material, such as paper or Seed may be sampled in containers or when it enters
other degradable material, with seeds placed in rows, containers. The containers must be fit for purpose, i.e.
groups or at random throughout the sheets. must not damage the seed, and must be clean to avoid
cross contamination. The containers must be labelled or
marked before or just after sampling is completed.
2.2.14 Small seed lots The seed lot must be so arranged that each part of the
seed lot is conveniently accessible.
Small seed lots are seed lots of high-value seed, where
obtaining a submitted sample of standard size could have
Chapter 2: Sampling
a substantial effect on the quantity of the remaining seed

lot. High-value seed includes, but is not limited to, hy-
brid vegetable seeds that are sold per seed, or seed that is
not commercially available and is used for research or for
higher generation multiplication.
2-2 Effective 1 January 2017

2.5.1.2 Minimum sampling intensity When sampling a seed lot of up to 15 containers, regard-
less of their size, the same number of primary samples
For seed lots in containers holding up to and including must be taken from each container.
100 kg, the minimum sampling intensity is the following: Sampling intensity for coated seeds is as described in
Tables 2.1 and 2.2.
a) For containers holding between 15 kg and 100 kg (in-
clusive) of seed, the number of primary samples ac-
cording to Table 2.1. 2.5.1.3 Taking primary samples
b) For containers holding less than 15 kg of seed, con-
tainers must be combined into sampling units not ex- When defining the number and/or the size of primary
ceeding 100 kg, e.g. 20 containers of 5 kg, 33 contain- samples, the seed sampler needs to ensure (besides meet-
ers of 3 kg or 100 containers of 1 kg. The sampling ing the minimum sampling intensity) that the minimum
units must be regarded as containers as described in amount of seed required for the requested test(s) is sent to
Table 2.1. the testing laboratory and enough seed remains available
c) For seed pellets, seed granules, seed tapes and seed for obtaining duplicate samples if requested.
mats, containers of less than 300 000 seed units Primary samples of approximately equal size must be
must be combined to sampling units not exceeding taken from a seed lot, irrespective of where in the lot or
2 000 000 seeds. The sampling units must be regarded container the primary sample is taken.
as containers as described in Table 2.1. When the seed lot is in containers, the containers to
be sampled must be selected at random or according to a
Table 2.1. Minimum sampling intensity for seed lots in systematic plan throughout the seed lot. Primary samples
containers holding up to and including 100 kg seed must be drawn from the top, middle and bottom of con-
tainers, but not necessarily from more than one position
Number of Minimum number of primary samples to be taken in any container, unless so specified in Tables 2.1 and 2.2.
containers
When the seed is in bulk or in large containers, the
1–4 3 primary samples from each container
primary samples must be drawn from random positions.
5–8 2 primary samples from each container
Containers must be opened or pierced for abstraction
9–15 1 primary sample from each container
16–30 15 primary samples, one each from 15 different of primary samples. The sampled containers must then be
containers closed or the contents transferred to new containers.
31–59 20 primary samples, one each from 20 different When seed is to be packed in special types of contain-
containers ers (e.g. small, not penetrable, or moisture-proof contain-
60 or more 30 primary samples, one each from 30 different ers), it should be sampled, if possible, either before or dur-
containers
ing the filling of the containers.
Sampling seed lots of seed tapes and seed mats should
When sampling seed in containers holding more than be done by taking packets or pieces of tape or mat.
100 kg of seed, or from streams of seed entering contain- The instruments being used must neither damage the
ers, the sampling intensity according to Table 2.2 must be seed nor select according to seed size, shape, density,
regarded as the minimum requirement. chaffiness or any other quality trait. All sampling appara-
tus must be clean before use to prevent cross contamina-
Table 2.2. Minimum number of primary samples to be tions. Triers must be long enough so that the opening at
taken from seed lots in containers holding more than the tip reaches at least half of the diameter of the con-
100 kg of seed, or from seed streams tainer. When the container is not accessible from opposite
sides, the trier must be long enough to reach the opposite
Seed lot size Number of primary samples to be taken side. Sampling seed lots may be done by one of the meth-
Up to 500 kg At least five primary samples ods listed below.
501–3 000 kg One primary sample for each 300 kg,
Chapter 2: Sampling
but not less than five

3 001–20 000 kg One primary sample for each 500 kg,
but not less than 10
20 001 kg and One primary sample for each 700 kg,
above but not less than 40

a) Automatic sampling from a seed stream. Seed may When using the Nobbe trier, insert it at an angle of
be sampled by automatic sampling devices, provided about 30° to the horizontal plane with the opening fac-
that the instrument uniformly samples the cross sec- ing down, push the trier until it reaches the required
tion of the seed stream and the material entering the position and revolve it through 180°. Withdraw it with
instrument does not bounce out again. It may be op- decreasing speed from the container, gently agitating
erated either under manual or automatic control. The the trier to help maintain an even flow of seed, and col-
intervals between taking primary samples should be lect the seed sample coming from the trier in a suitable
constant. container.
b) Manual sampling from a seed stream. Seed streams e) Cargo sampler. The cargo sampler (bulk sampler)
may also be sampled by using manual instruments consists of a special type of chamber that is fixed to
when fulfilling the requirements listed under a). a shaft. The lower part of the chamber is cone-shaped
with a pointed end. To reach a greater depth, the shaft
c) Sampling stick. The sampling stick (e.g. stick trier, may be lengthened by screwing on successive exten-
sleeve type trier, spiral trier) consists of two parts, sions. There is a closing system in the chamber that
one of which fits loosely inside the other, but tightly may be a collar on the outside of the instrument, a wing
enough so that seed or impurities do not slip between connected to a door or a valve with a spring. Some car-
them. The outer part has a solid pointed end. Both go samplers can be closed before they are drawn back
parts have slots in their walls so that the cavity of the from the sampling position; others cannot be closed,
inner part can be opened and closed by moving the two so that the filled chamber is open during withdrawal.
parts against each other by either a twisting or a push- For all species, the minimum inside diameter can be
pull motion. about 35 mm and the depth 75 mm. When using the
The sampling stick may be used horizontally, diago- cargo sampler, insert it in the closed position into the
nally or vertically. The spiral trier has slots in a spiral container, gently push it vertically into the seed so
arrangement for their subsequent opening from the tip that the point reaches the required position, pull the
to the handle and may only be used for seeds of a size cargo sampler back about 10 cm or turn it (depending
smaller than Triticum aestivum. on the closing system), agitate it slightly to allow it to
However, when used vertically or diagonally down- fill completely, gently close if possible and withdraw
wards, the sampling stick must either have partitions it and empty the primary sample into a container. Care
dividing the instrument into a number of compart- should be exercised in closing the cargo sampler, so
ments or have slots in a spiral arrangement. The mini- that the seeds are not damaged.
mum inside diameter should be wide enough to allow
the smooth and free flow of seed and contaminants f) Sampling by hand. This method can be used for all
into the sampling stick. species and may be the most suitable method for seed
When using the sampling stick, insert it in the closed that may be damaged by the use of triers, seeds with
position into the container, gently push it so that the wings, seeds with low moisture content, seed tapes and
point reaches the required position, open the sampling seed mats.
stick, agitate it slightly to allow it to fill completely, For hand sampling seed in containers, all positions
gently close and withdraw it and empty the primary inside the containers must be accessible. Containers
sample into a container. Care should be exercised with layers which are not accessible from the regular
in closing the sampling stick so that seeds are not opening may have to be cut open, sampled and repack-
damaged. aged. Containers may also be partially or completely
emptied during the sampling process to gain access to
d) Nobbe trier. The Nobbe trier (dynamic spear) is a all positions in the containers. For sampling by hand,
pointed tube with an opening near the pointed end. clean the hand and roll the sleeve up if necessary, in-
Seed passes through the tube and is collected in a con- sert the open hand into the container to the required
Chapter 2: Sampling
tainer. The minimum internal diameter of the Nobbe position, close and withdraw the hand, taking great
trier should be wide enough to allow the smooth and care that the fingers remain tightly closed about the
free flow of seed and contaminants through the trier. seeds so none may escape, and empty the hand into a
receiving pan.

2.5.1.4 Obtaining the composite sample 2.5.1.7 Storage of submitted samples before
testing
Where possible, the primary samples are compared with
each other during sampling. The primary samples can Every effort must be made to start testing a submitted
only be combined to form the composite sample if they sample on the day of receipt. Storage of orthodox seeds,
appear to be uniform. If not, the sampling procedure must when necessary, should be in a cool, well-ventilated room.
be stopped. When primary samples are collected directly Non-orthodox (i.e. recalcitrant or intermediate) seeds
into one container, the content of this container may be should be tested as soon as possible after obtaining the
regarded as the composite sample only if it appears uni- submitted sample from the composite sample without any
form. If not, it must not be used for obtaining a submitted storage. Handling of the submitted sample and, if neces-
sample. sary, storage should be done under species specific opti-
mum conditions.
2.5.1.5 Obtaining the submitted sample

2.5.2 Procedures for obtaining the
The submitted sample must be obtained by reducing the submitted and working sample
composite sample to an appropriate size by one of the
methods referred to in 2.5.2.2. In the case of very large 2.5.2.1 Minimum size of working sample
composite samples, a method according to 2.5.1.3 may
also be used. Obtaining subsamples such as for moisture Minimum sizes of working samples are prescribed in the
testing must be carried out in such a way that changes in appropriate chapter for each test. The working sample
moisture content are minimal. weights for purity analyses given in Table 2A are calcu-
The composite sample can be submitted to the seed lated to contain at least 2 500 seeds. These weights are
testing laboratory if it is of appropriate size or if it is dif- recommended for normal use in purity tests, see 3.5.1.
ficult to mix and reduce the composite sample properly The sample weights in column 5 of Table 2A, Part 1,
under warehouse conditions. for counts of other species are 10 times the weights in col-
Duplicate samples, which were requested not later umn 4, subject to a maximum of 1000 g.
than at the time of sampling, must be prepared in the same Working samples of all coated seeds except those de-
way as the submitted sample. fined as treated seed in 2.2.11 must contain at least the
number of pellets, seeds or granules indicated in column
3 of Table 2B, Part 1 and Part 2. If a smaller sample is
2.5.1.6 Dispatch of the submitted sample used, the actual number of pellets, seeds or granules in the
sample must be reported.
The submitted sample must be marked with the same
identification as the seed lot. For an Orange International
Seed Lot Certificate, the sample must be sealed. The ad- 2.5.2.2 Sample reduction methods
ditional information required according to 1.4.2 as well
as the name of any chemical treatment applied must be If the seed sample needs to be reduced to a size equal to
provided. or greater than the size prescribed, the seed sample must
Submitted samples must be packed so as to prevent first be thoroughly mixed. The submitted/working sample
damage during transit. Submitted samples should be must then be obtained either by repeated halving or by
packed in breathable containers. abstracting and subsequently combining small random
Subsamples for moisture testing, and samples from portions. The apparatus and methods for sample reduction
seed lots which have been dried to low moisture content, are described in 2.5.2.2.1 to 2.5.2.2.4. One, two or more
must be packed in moisture-proof containers which con- of these methods may be used in one sample reduction
tain as little air as possible. Submitted samples for germi- procedure. When using one of the dividers described for
Chapter 2: Sampling
nation tests, viability tests and health tests may only be seed pellets the distance of fall must not exceed 250 mm.
packed in moisture-proof containers if suitable storage
conditions can be assured.
Submitted samples must be dispatched to the seed test-
ing laboratory without delay.

Except in the case of seed health, the method of hand a) Conical divider. The conical divider (Boerner type)
halving must be restricted to certain genera listed in consists of a hopper, cone, and series of baffles direct-
2.5.2.2.4. Only the spoon method and the hand halving ing the seed into two spouts. The baffles form alternate
method may be used in the laboratory to obtain working channels and spaces of equal width. They are arranged
samples for seed health testing where other samples or in a circle and are directed inward and downward, the
equipment may be contaminated by spores or other propa- channels leading to one spout and the spaces to an op-
gating material. posite spout. A valve or gate at the base of the hopper
For seed tapes and mats take pieces of tape or mat at retains the seed. When the valve is opened the seed
random, to provide sufficient seeds for the test. falls by gravity over the cone where it is evenly distrib-
After obtaining a working sample or half-working uted to the channels and spaces, then passes through
sample the remainder must be re-mixed before a second the spouts into the seed pans.
working sample or half-working sample is obtained. Dividers with more than 18 channels have been found
To obtain the submitted sample for moisture content to be suitable. Channels must be wide enough to allow
determination (2.5.4.5 c), subsamples must be taken in the smooth free flow of seed and contaminants.
the following way: first, mix the composite sample. Then,
take a minimum of three samples from different positions b) Soil divider. The soil divider (riffle divider) consists
and combine them to create the subsample for moisture of a hopper with about 18 attached channels or ducts
of the required size. The subsample for moisture must be alternately leading to opposite sides. Channels must be
taken as soon as possible to avoid changes in moisture wide enough to allow the smooth free flow of seed and
content. contaminants.
To obtain the working sample for moisture content de- In using the divider the seed is placed evenly into a
termination (9.1.5.2) subsamples must be taken in the fol- pouring pan and then poured in the hopper at approxi-
lowing way: before taking the subsample, mix the sample mately equal rates along the entire length. The seed
by either stirring the sample in its container with a spoon passes through the channels and is collected in two
or by placing the opening of the original container against receiving pans.
the opening of a similar container and pour the seed back
and forth between the two containers. Take a minimum c) Centrifugal divider. In the centrifugal divider
of three subsamples with a spoon from different positions (Gamet type) the seed flows downward through a hop-
and combine them to create the subsample of the required per onto a shallow cup or spinner. Upon rotation of the
size. The seed must not be exposed to the air during sam- spinner by an electric motor the seeds are thrown out
ple reduction for more than 30 s. by centrifugal force and fall downward. The circle or
area where the seeds fall is equally divided into two
parts by a stationary baffle so that approximately half
2.5.2.2.1 Mechanical divider method the seeds fall in one spout and half in the other spout.
The centrifugal divider tends to give variable results
This method is suitable for all kinds of seeds except some unless the spinner is operated after having poured the
very chaffy seeds. The apparatus divides a sample passed seed centrally into the hopper.
through it into two or more approximately equal parts.
The submitted sample can be mixed by passing it through d) Rotary divider. The rotary divider comprises a rotat-
the divider, recombining the parts and passing the whole ing crown unit with 6 to 10 attached subsample con-
sample through a second time, and similarly, a third time tainers, a vibration chute and a hopper. In using the di-
if necessary. The sample is reduced by passing the seed vider the seed is poured into the hopper and the rotary
through repeatedly and removing parts on each occasion. divider is switched on so that the crown unit with the
This process of reduction is continued until a working containers rotates with approx. 100 rpm and the vibra-
sample of approximately, but not less than, the required tion chute starts to feed the seed into the inlet cylinder
size is obtained. of the rotating crown. The feeding rate and therefore
Chapter 2: Sampling
the duration of the dividing operation can be adjust-

ed by the distance between the funnel of the hopper
and the chute and the vibration intensity of the chute.

There are two principles: (i) The inlet cylinder feeds mixing, pour the seed evenly over the tray; do not shake
the seed centrally onto a distributor within the rotating the tray thereafter. With the spoon in one hand, the spatula
crown distributing the seed to all containers simultane- in the other, and using both, remove small portions of seed
ously. (ii) The inlet cylinder feeds the seed de-centrally from not less than five random places. Sufficient portions
into the inlets of the containers rotating underneath the of seed are taken to constitute a subsample of the required
inlet cylinder so that the seed stream is subdivided into size.
a lot of subsamples.
e) Variable sample divider. The variable sample divid- 2.5.2.2.4 The hand halving method
er consists of a pouring hopper and a tube underneath
that rotates with about 40 rpm. The tube distributes the This method is restricted to the following genera of chaffy
seed stream from the pouring hopper onto the inner seeds:
surface of a further hopper, which is well fitted into a Agrimonia, Andropogon, Anthoxanthum, Arrhenath
third hopper all being concentric. In the second and the erum, Astrebla, Beckmannia, Bouteloua, Brachiaria,
third hopper there are slots that comprise 50 % of the Briza, Cenchrus, Chloris, Dichanthium, Digitaria,
perimeter of the hoppers. 50 % of the seed will pass Echinochloa, Ehrharta, Elymus, Eragrostis, Gomphrena,
through the two hoppers into a collecting pan. The Gossypium (linted seed only), Melinis, Oryza, Pennisetum
other 50 % will stay within the hoppers and will then (non glaucum), Psathyrostachys, Scabiosa, Sorghastrum,
go into a second collecting pan. The two hoppers can Stylosanthes (non guianensis), Trisetum;
be twisted against each other resulting in more narrow
slots. The effect is that a smaller percentage will pass to the following genera of easily damaged fragile seeds:
through the slots. Either the smaller sample outside the Arachis, Glycine and Phaseolus;
hoppers or the bigger sample inside the hoppers can be
used as the required sample. The position of the two and to the following genera and species of tree and shrub
hoppers in relation to each other can be adjusted ac- seeds:
curately, resulting in pre-determined subsample sizes. Acer, Aesculus, Ailanthus, Castanea, Cedrela, Corylus,
Fagus, Fraxinus, Juglans, Liriodendron, Pinus cembra,
Pinus pinea, Platanus, Populus, Quercus, Salix, Tectona,
2.5.2.2.2 Modified halving method Ulmus.
The apparatus comprises a tray into which fits a grid of The hand halving method can also be used with the spe-
equal-sized cubical cells, open at the top and every al- cies where all other dividing methods are extremely dif-
ternate one having no bottom. After preliminary mixing, ficult or impossible to use.
the seed is poured evenly over the grid. When the grid is For all other species it can be used only to obtain work-
lifted, approximately half the sample remains on the tray. ing samples in the laboratory for seed health tests (7.4.1).
The submitted sample is successively halved in this way For applying the hand halving method, pour the sam-
until a working sample, of approximately but not less than ple evenly onto a smooth clean surface, thoroughly mix
the required size, is obtained. the seed into a mound with a flat-edged spatula, divide
the mound into half and halve each half again – giving
four portions – and halve each portion again – giving
2.5.2.2.3 Spoon method eight portions, arrange the portions in two rows of four,
combine and retain alternate portions: e.g. combine the
The spoon method is recommended for sample reduction first and third portions in the first row with the second and
for seed health testing (7.4.1). For other tests it is restrict- fourth in the second row, remove the remaining four por-
ed to species with seeds smaller than Triticum spp., to the tions. Repeat the procedure using the retained portions
genera Arachis, Glycine and Phaseolus, and to tree genera until obtaining the required sample size.
Chapter 2: Sampling
Abies, Cedrus and Pseudotsuga. A tray, a spatula and a

spoon with a straight edge are required. After preliminary

2.5.3 Storage of samples after testing contain is 1 000 000 000 (10 000 units of 100 000)
except that the weight of the seed lot, including the
The primary aim of storage of samples after testing is to coating material may not exceed 40 000 kg subject to a
be able to repeat the original tests carried out on the sub- tolerance of 5 % (42 000 kg). When seed lot size is ex-
mitted sample. Therefore, storage conditions should be pressed in units the total weight of the seed lot must be
such that changes in the seed quality traits tested are mini- given on the Orange International Seed Lot Certificate.
mal. For example, in the case of the purity test or other
seed count, the sample should be stored in such a way c) seed lots of species of Poaceae produced in a seed
that the physical identity is kept. In the case of germina- company that has been approved to make larger seed
tion, viability or health test of orthodox seeds the sample lots. The conditions under which this may be permitted
should be stored under cool and dry conditions. For such are laid down in 2.5.4.2.
tests in recalcitrant and intermediate seeds of tropical and
subtropical species, long term storage is not possible. For d) seed lots of species of Poaceae produced in a seed
such seed of temperate species storability depends on the company that has applied for approval to make larger
fungal status and to some extent whether the seed is dor- seed lots according to 2.5.4.2. The heterogeneity of the
mant or not. All factors pertaining to storage need to be seed lot must be tested according to 2.9 and the seed lot
determined on a species basis. Protection against insects must not show significant heterogeneity.
and rodents may be necessary.
To provide for re-testing by the original or by anoth- Maximum lot size for treated and encrusted seeds is de-
er seed testing laboratory, samples on which ISTA Cer- fined by applying the quantities indicated in Table 2A to
tificates have been issued must be stored at least for one the seeds without coating material.
year from the receipt of the sample. Submitted samples A seed lot in excess of the prescribed quantity must
in moisture proof containers, and samples of recalcitrant be subdivided into seed lots not larger than the prescribed
or intermediate species, must be stored under appropriate quantity, each of which must be labelled or marked with a
conditions for as long as it can be expected that the results separate seed lot identification.
of a re-test are not affected by the storage.
When a re-test in a different testing laboratory is re-
quired, a portion must be drawn from the stored sample 2.5.4.2 Large seed lots of Poaceae
in accordance with 2.5.2.2, and submitted to the desig-
nated testing laboratory. The remainder must be retained 2.5.4.2.1 Definitions
in store.
Large seed lots of Poaceae species may have a maximum
size of 25 000 kg (with a 5 % tolerance), if produced by an
2.5.4 Conditions for issuing Orange approved production plant.
International Seed Lot Certificates For the purposes of large seed lots of Poaceae species,
the following species with similar characteristics are re-
The sampling methods laid down in the ISTA Rules must garded as two species groups:
be followed when seed samples are drawn for the issue of
Orange International Seed Lot Certificates. Further condi- Species group 1:
tions have to be fulfilled as listed below. Lolium perenne, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium ×hybri
dum (previously Lolium ×boucheanum), ×Festulolium,
Festuca pratensis, Festuca arundinacea and Phleum
2.5.4.1 Seed lot size pratense.
The seed lot must not exceed the quantity indicated in col- Species group 2:
umn 2 of Table 2A, subject to a tolerance of 5 % with the Festuca rubra, Festuca ovina, Festuca filiformis, Fes
Chapter 2: Sampling
exception of: tuca heterophylla, Dactylis glomerata, Poa pratensis and

Poa trivialis.
a) seed being transported loose in bulk containers. The
conditions under which this exception may be permit- Approval which was granted following heterogeneity test-
ted are laid down in Chapter 17. ing of any species of a group is also valid for all other
species of the same group.
b) seed pellets, seed granules, seed tapes or seed mats. For all other species of Poaceae, approval must be
The maximum number of seeds that a seed lot of seed requested and granted separately for each individual
pellets, seed granules, seed tapes or seed mats may species.

2.5.4.2.2 Approval – ensuring that the testing is done by an ISTA-accredited

laboratory;
Approval is granted after heterogeneity testing of six large – the check-sampling programme.
seed lots of the species group or individual species for
which the approval is requested. Heterogeneity testing
must be carried out according to 2.9, and must as a mini- 2.5.4.3 Marking/labelling and sealing of
mum be based on purity and other seed count. At least five containers
of the six tested seed lots must have a non-significant level
of heterogeneity. The seed lot must be in marked/labelled containers which
are self-sealing, sealed (or capable of being sealed) or un-
der the control of the seed sampler.
2.5.4.2.3 Check sampling and testing Where the seed lot is already marked/labelled and
sealed before sampling, the seed sampler must verify the
After approval, the large seed lots of a production plant marking/labelling and sealing on the containers. Oth-
must be monitored by check sampling and further hetero- erwise the sampler has to mark/label the containers and
geneity testing, according to 2.9, and as a minimum based must seal every container before the seed lot leaves their
on purity and other seed count. control.
Of the first 100 large seed lots per species group, 4 The samplers are personally responsible for the seals,
are randomly selected (4 % check sampling) and tested labels and bags supplied to them and it is their duty to
for heterogeneity. If none of these are heterogeneous, the ensure that primary, composite or submitted samples must
check-sampling rate is reduced to 3 % for the following never be left in the hands of persons not authorised by the
100 lots, and to 2 % for subsequent lots. seed testing laboratory unless they are sealed in such a
However, if a check sample is found to show signifi- way that they cannot be tampered with.
cant heterogeneity, the check-sampling rate must remain
at 4 %, or again be increased from 3 to 4 % or from 2 to
3 %, as applicable (Fig. 2.1). 2.5.4.4 Sampling from the seed lot
In six consecutive check samples tested, a maximum
of one sample may show significant heterogeneity. For sampling from the seed lot methods listed under 2.5.1
Hence, a heterogeneous sample must be followed by must be used. Automatic seed samplers must be approved
at least five non-heterogeneous samples in order for ap- by the ISTA seed testing laboratory according to the “Pro-
proval to be retained (Fig. 2.1). tocol for the approval of automatic seed samplers” as ap-
proved by the ISTA membership and published on the
ISTA website.
2.5.4.2.4 Withdrawal of approval An Orange International Seed Lot Certificate issued on
a seed lot (see 2.2.1) is still valid after re-packaging the
If more than one of the last six consecutive check samples seed lot in new containers provided that:
tested shows significant heterogeneity, approval must be
withdrawn for the species or species group and produc- a)
The identity of the seed in the initial seed lot is
tion plant concerned, and the company must re-apply for preserved.
approval (Fig. 2.1).
b) The seed lot designation (see 2.2.10) is not changed.
2.5.4.2.5 Responsibility c) The moving of the seed into the new containers is done
under the control of an ISTA seed sampler.
The Certifying or Designated Authority in a country is re-
sponsible for: d) There is no processing of the seed during filling of the
Chapter 2: Sampling
– the decision of approval of the seed company (produc- new containers.

tion plant);
– ensuring that each production plant is approved sepa-
rately, if a seed company has more than one production
plant;

START
6 large seed lots are tested for

heterogeneity
Yes
At least 5 lots acceptable? No Reapply for approval? No END
Yes
Approval granted
Check sample Check sample

No
APPROVAL
Homogeneous? Homogeneous? No
WITHDRAWN
Yes Yes
(4 random samples from 100 large lots)
Check sample No Check sample

4 % check sampling
APPROVAL
WITHDRAWN
Yes Yes
APPROVAL
WITHDRAWN
Yes Yes
APPROVAL
WITHDRAWN
Yes Yes
No
Check sample Check sample APPROVAL
WITHDRAWN
No
Check sample
Homogeneous? Homogeneous?
(3 random samples from 100 large lots)
APPROVAL
Yes Yes Homogeneous? No
WITHDRAWN
3 % check sampling
No Yes
Check sample APPROVAL RETAINED Check sample
APPROVAL
WITHDRAWN
Yes Yes
APPROVAL
WITHDRAWN
Yes Yes

(2 random samples from 100 large
APPROVAL
Homogeneous? No Homogeneous? No
2 % check sampling
WITHDRAWN
Chapter 2: Sampling
Yes Yes

lots)
APPROVAL
Homogeneous? No Homogeneous? No
WITHDRAWN
Yes Yes
APPROVAL RETAINED
Figure 2.1. Flow chart describing the approval procedure and check-sampling programme with regard to large seed lots
of Poaceae species (2.5.4.2.2–4).

2.5.4.5 Submitted sample 2.5.4.6 Sample reduction
The minimum sizes of submitted samples are as follows: For sample reduction, methods listed under 2.5.2.2 must
– If a determination of other seeds by number is re- be used.
quired: the weight prescribed in Table 2A, column 3;
or
– if a determination of other seeds by number is not re- 2.5.4.7 Storage of submitted samples after
quired: the weight prescribed for the working sample testing
for purity analysis in Table 2A, column 4, or in 3.5.1.
Submitted samples on which ISTA Certificates have been
For certain tests or under certain conditions, the following issued must be stored. In the case of small seed lots (see
exceptions apply: 2.2.14), the remainder of the submitted sample, minus 25
seeds for assurance of identity, may be sent back to the ap-
a) For coated seeds, if a determination of other seeds plicant. The seed testing laboratory cannot be held respon-
by number or size grading is required: the number of sible for any deterioration of the sample during storage.
seeds indicated in Table 2B, Parts 1 and 2, column 2.
b) For coated seeds, if a determination of other seeds by 2.6 Calculation and expression of
number or size grading is not required: the number results
of seeds indicated for the working sample for purity
analysis in Table 2B, Parts 1 and 2, column 3. No specific calculation or expression of results required
except under 2.9 for heterogeneity tests.
c) For moisture determination of species that must be
ground (see Table 9A): 100 g. For all other species:
50 g. 2.7 Reporting of results
When moisture meters are to be used for testing, a No specific calculation or expression of results required
larger sample size may be necessary. Contact the ac- except under 2.9 for heterogeneity tests.
credited ISTA laboratory for specific instructions.
d) For verification of species and variety: as prescribed in

Chapter 8.
e) For germination or viability tests of small seed lots

(2.2.14): the number of seeds required to complete one
of these tests plus 25 seeds for identity assurance.
f) For determination of other seeds of small seed lots

(2.2.14): the amount necessary to complete this test
according to Chapter 4.
If the submitted sample is smaller than prescribed above,

the sampler must be notified accordingly and analysis
withheld until sufficient seed is received in a single sub-
mitted sample.
The submitted sample must be sealed and labelled or
Chapter 2: Sampling
marked.

2.8 Tables for lot size and sample Note 1: Names with an asterisk are not included in the
sizes ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names. Names without
an asterisk are included in the ISTA List of Stabilized
Table 2A is referred to in various chapters of the ISTA Plant Names (but not the synonym which follows
Rules and indicates weights of lots and samples for differ- some of these names), or, in the case of generic names
ent species, and the specific names to be used in reporting (e.g. Pyrus spp.) conserved by the International Bo-
test results. Each sample size is derived from a nominal tanical Congress and listed in the International Code of
thousand-seed weight (TSW) for each species which, on Nomenclature. Changes in the stabilized list agreed at
the available evidence, is expected to be adequate for the the 2013 ISTA Congress are included in this version of
majority of samples tested. Table 2A. Where plant names have been changed, the
Where a weight is not given in the table and a count old name is included with a cross reference to the new
of other species is requested, the submitted sample must name. This applies only to 2013 Congress changes;
contain a minimum of 25 000 seeds. previous cross references have been removed.
Note 2: For all species the maximum seed lot size stated
can be exceeded by no more than 5 %, except for:
a) seed being transported loose in bulk containers. The

conditions under which this exception may be per-
mitted are stated in Chapter 17;
b) seed pellets, seed granules, seed tapes or seed mats

(see 2.5.4.1);
c) species of Poaceae listed in Table 2A Part 1 (see

2.5.4.2).

For production plants approved under 2.5.4.2, the
maximum seed lot weight for Poaceae species listed
in Table 2A Part 1 is 25 000 kg (with a 5 % tolerance).
Chapter 2: Sampling

Table 2A Part 1. Lot sizes and sample sizes: agricultural and vegetable seeds
Species Maximum Minimum Minimum working samples (g)

weight of lot (kg) submitted
(except see 2.8 sample (g)
Note 2) Purity Other seeds by
analysis number (4.5.1)
(3.5.1)
1 2 3 4 5
Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench 20 000 1 000 140 1 000
Achillea millefolium L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Aeschynomene americana L. 10 000 120 12 120
Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. 10 000 40 4 40
Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. 10 000 60 6 60
Agrostis canina L. 10 000 5 0.25 2.5
Agrostis capillaris L. 10 000 5 0.25 2.5
Agrostis gigantea Roth 10 000 5 0.25 2.5
Agrostis stolonifera L. (includes A. palustris Hudson) 10 000 5 0.25 2.5
Allium cepa L. 10 000 80 8 80
Allium fistulosum L. 10 000 50 5 50
Allium porrum L. 10 000 70 7 70
Allium schoenoprasum L. 10 000 30 3 30
Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng. 10 000 100 10 100
Alopecurus pratensis L. 10 000 30 3 30
Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC. 10 000 40 4 40
Andropogon gayanus Kunth 10 000 80 8 80
Andropogon gerardi Vitman 10 000 70 7 70
Andropogon hallii Hack. 10 000 100 10 100
Anethum graveolens L. 10 000 40 4 40
Anthoxanthum odoratum L. 10 000 20 2 20
Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm. 10 000 60 6 60
Anthyllis vulneraria L. 10 000 60 6 60
Apium graveolens L. 10 000 10 1 10
Arachis hypogaea L. 30 000 1 000 1 000 1 000
Arctium lappa L. 10 000 50 5 50
Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P.Beauv. ex J.Presl & C.Presl 10 000 80 8 80
Asparagus officinalis L. 20 000 1 000 100 1 000
Astragalus cicer L. 10 000 90 9 90
Astrebla lappacea (Lindl.) Domin 10 000 200 20 200
Atriplex hortensis L. 5 000 10 2.5 –
Atropa belladonna L. 10 000 30 3 30
Avena nuda L. 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Avena sativa L. 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Avena strigosa Schreb. 30 000 500 50 500
Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P.Beauv. 10 000 10 1 10
Axonopus fissifolius (Raddi) Kuhlm. 10 000 10 1 10
Beckmannia eruciformis (L.) Host 10 000 20 2 20
Beta vulgaris L. (all varieties) 20 000 500 50 500
Borago officinalis L. 10 000 450 45 450
Bothriochloa insculpta (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) A.Camus 10 000 20 2 20
Bothriochloa pertusa (L.) A.Camus 10 000 10 1 10
Chapter 2: Sampling
Bouteloua gracilis (Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths 10 000 60 6 60

Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich) Stapf 10 000 100 10 100
Brachiaria decumbens Stapf 10 000 100 10 100
Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick. 10 000 100 10 100
Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf 10 000 30 3 30
Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf 10 000 90 9 90
Brachiaria ruziziensis R.Germ. & C.M.Evrard 20 000 150 15 150
Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. 10 000 40 4 40
Brassica napus L. 10 000 100 10 100

Table 2A Part 1. Lot sizes and sample sizes: agricultural and vegetable seeds (continued)

(3.5.1)
1 2 3 4 5
Brassica napus L. var. napobrassica (L.) Rchb.* 10 000 100 10 100
Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J.Koch 10 000 40 4 40
Brassica oleracea L. (all varieties) 10 000 100 10 100
Brassica rapa L. (includes B. campestris L. and species 10 000 70 7 70
previously known as B. chinensis, B. pekinensis and B.
perviridis)
Bromus arvensis L. 10 000 60 6 60
Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn. 10 000 200 20 200
Bromus catharticus Vahl 10 000 200 20 200
Bromus erectus Huds. 10 000 100 10 100
Bromus hordeaceus L. 10 000 50 5 50
Bromus inermis Leyss. 10 000 90 9 90
Bromus marginatus Steud. 10 000 200 20 200
Bromus riparius Rehmann 10 000 90 9 90
Bromus sitchensis Trin. 10 000 200 20 200
Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth 20 000 1 000 300 1 000
Calopogonium mucunoides Desv. 20 000 400 40 400
Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz 10 000 40 4 40
Cannabis sativa L. 10 000 600 60 600
Capsicum spp. 10 000 150 15 150
Carthamus tinctorius L. 25 000 900 90 900
Carum carvi L. 10 000 80 8 80
Cenchrus ciliaris L. (fascicles) 10 000 60 6 60
Cenchrus setiger Vahl 20 000 150 15 150
Centrosema molle Mart. ex Benth. (previously Centrosema 20 000 600 60 600
pubescens Benth.)
Centrosema pascuorum Mart. ex Benth. 20 000 550 55 550
(Centrosema pubescens Benth. see Centrosema molle Mart.
ex Benth.)
Chamaecrista rotundifolia (Pers.) Greene 10 000 100 10 100
Chloris gayana Kunth 10 000 10 1 10
Cicer arietinum L. 30 000 1 000 1 000 1 000
Cichorium endivia L. 10 000 40 4 40
Cichorium intybus L. 10 000 50 5 50
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai 20 000 1 000 250 1 000
Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. 10 000 20 2 20
Corchorus capsularis L. 10 000 150 15 150
Corchorus olitorius L. 10 000 150 15 150
Coriandrum sativum L. 10 000 400 40 400
Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R.E.Fr. 10 000 200 20 200
Crotalaria brevidens Benth. (includes Crotalaria intermedia 10 000 150 15 150
Kotschy)
Chapter 2: Sampling
Crotalaria juncea L. 10 000 700 70 700

Crotalaria lanceolata E.Mey. 10 000 70 7 70
Crotalaria pallida Aiton 10 000 150 15 150
Crotalaria spectabilis Roth 10 000 350 35 350
Cucumis melo L. 10 000 150 70 –
Cucumis sativus L. 10 000 150 70 –
Cucumis spp. 10 000 150 70 –
Cucurbita maxima Duchesne 20 000 1 000 700 1 000
Cucurbita moschata Duchesne 10 000 350 180 –


(3.5.1)
1 2 3 4 5
Cucurbita pepo L. 20 000 1 000 700 1 000
Cucurbita spp. 10 000 350 180 –
Cucurbita hybrids 10 000 350 180 –
Cuminum cyminum L. 10 000 60 6 60
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. 20 000 1 000 100 1 000
Cynara cardunculus L. 10 000 900 90 900
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. 10 000 10 1 10
Cynosurus cristatus L. 10 000 20 2 20
Dactylis glomerata L. 10 000 30 3 30
Daucus carota L. 10 000 30 3 30
Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. 10 000 10 1 10
Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. 10 000 10 1 10
Desmodium intortum (Mill.) Urb. 10 000 40 4 40
Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC. 20 000 120 12 120
Dichanthium aristatum (Poir.) C.E.Hubb. 10 000 30 3 30
Dichondra micrantha Urb. (previously Dichondra repens 10 000 50 5 50
J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.)
Digitaria eriantha Steud. (includes Digitaria decumbens 10 000 12 1.2 12
Stent)
Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. 10 000 80 8 80
Ehrharta calycina Sm. 10 000 40 4 40
Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. 10 000 60 6 60
Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Gould 10 000 80 8 80
Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners 10 000 80 8 80
Elytrigia elongata (Host) Nevski 10 000 200 20 200
Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski 10 000 150 15 150
Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski 10 000 100 10 100
Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees 10 000 10 1 10
Eragrostis tef (Zuccagni) Trotter 10 000 10 1 10
Eruca sativa Mill. 10 000 40 4 40
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench 10 000 600 60 600
Festuca arundinacea Schreb. 10 000 50 5 50
Festuca filiformis Pourr. 10 000 25 2.5 25
Festuca heterophylla Lam. 10 000 60 6 60
Festuca ovina L. (all varieties) 10 000 25 2.5 25
Festuca pratensis Huds. 10 000 50 5 50
Festuca rubra L. s.l. (all varieties) 10 000 30 3 30
Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) Krajina (synonym Festuca 10 000 25 2.5 25
brevipila R.Tracey)
×Festulolium Asch. & Graebn. 10 000 60 6 60
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. 10 000 180 18 180
Fragaria spp. 10 000 10 1 10
Chapter 2: Sampling
Galega orientalis Lam. 10 000 200 20 200

Glycine max (L.) Merr. 30 000 1 000 500 1 000
Gossypium spp. 25 000 1 000 350 1 000
Hedysarum coronarium L. (fruit) 10 000 300 30 300
Hedysarum coronarium L. (seed) 10 000 120 12 120
Helianthus annuus L. 25 000 1 000 200 1 000
Hibiscus cannabinus L. 10 000 700 70 700
Holcus lanatus L. 10 000 10 1 10
Hordeum vulgare L. 30 000 1 000 120 1 000


(3.5.1)
1 2 3 4 5
Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. 20 000 1 000 100 1 000
Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult. 10 000 10 1 10
Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino 10 000 50 5 50
Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl. 10 000 40 4 40
Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet 20 000 1 000 600 1 000
Lactuca sativa L. 10 000 30 3 30
Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 20 000 1 000 500 1 000
Lathyrus cicera L. 20 000 1 000 140 1 000
Lathyrus hirsutus L. 10 000 700 70 700
Lathyrus sativus L. 20 000 1 000 450 1 000
Lens culinaris Medik. 30 000 600 60 600
Lepidium sativum L. 10 000 60 6 60
Lespedeza juncea (L. f.) Pers. 10 000 30 3 30
Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit 20 000 1 000 100 1 000
Linum usitatissimum L. 10 000 150 15 150
Listia bainesii (Baker) B.-E. van Wyk & Boatwr. (previously 10 000 10 1 10
Lotononis bainesii Baker)
Lolium ×hybridum Hausskn. (previously Lolium 10 000 60 6 60
×boucheanum Kunth)
Lolium multiflorum Lam. 10 000 60 6 60
Lolium perenne L. 10 000 60 6 60
Lolium rigidum Gaudin 10 000 60 6 60
(Lotononis bainesii Baker see Listia bainesii (Baker) B.-E.
van Wyk & Boatwr.)
Lotus corniculatus L. 10 000 30 3 30
Lotus tenuis Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. 10 000 30 3 30
Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr 10 000 20 2 20
Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. 20 000 1 000 400 1 000
Luffa aegyptiaca Mill. 20 000 1 000 250 1 000
Lupinus albus L. 30 000 1 000 450 1 000
Lupinus angustifolius L. 30 000 1 000 450 1 000
Lupinus luteus L. 30 000 1 000 450 1 000
(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. see Solanum lycopersicum
L.)
(Lycopersicon spp. see Solanum (sect. Lycopersicon) spp.)
(Lycopersicon hybrids see Solanum (sect. Lycopersicon)
hybrids)
Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb. 20 000 350 35 350
Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb. 20 000 200 20 200
Macrotyloma axillare (E.Mey.) Verdc. 20 000 250 25 250
Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. 20 000 800 80 800
Medicago arabica (L.) Huds. (in burr) 10 000 600 60 600
Chapter 2: Sampling
Medicago arabica (L.) Huds. (out of burr) 10 000 50 5 50
Medicago italica (Mill.) Fiori (includes Medicago tornata (L.) 10 000 100 10 100
Mill.)
Medicago littoralis Rohde ex Loisel. 10 000 70 7 70
Medicago lupulina L. 10 000 50 5 50
Medicago orbicularis (L.) Bartal. 10 000 80 8 80
Medicago polymorpha L. 10 000 70 7 70
Medicago rugosa Desr. 10 000 180 18 180
Medicago sativa L. 10 000 50 5 50
Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill. 10 000 400 40 400


(3.5.1)
1 2 3 4 5
Medicago truncatula Gaertn. 10 000 100 10 100
Melilotus albus Medik. 10 000 50 5 50
Melilotus indicus (L.) All. 10 000 50 5 50
Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. 10 000 50 5 50
Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Momordica charantia L. 20 000 1 000 450 1 000
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. (includes species previously 20 000 1 000 1 000 1 000
known as M. aterrima (Piper & Tracy) Holland, M.
cochinchinensis (Lour.) A.Chev. and Stizolobium
deeringianum Bort.)
Nasturtium officinale R.Br. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Neonotonia wightii (Wight & Arn.) J.A.Lackey 10 000 150 15 150
Nicotiana tabacum L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Ocimum basilicum L. 10 000 40 4 40
Oenothera biennis L. 10 000 10 1 10
Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. (fruit) 10 000 600 60 600
Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. (seed) 10 000 400 40 400
Origanum majorana L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Origanum vulgare L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Ornithopus compressus L. 10 000 120 12 120
Ornithopus sativus Brot. 10 000 90 9 90
Oryza sativa L. 30 000 700 70 700
Panicum antidotale Retz. 10 000 20 2 20
Panicum coloratum L. 10 000 20 2 20
Panicum maximum Jacq. 10 000 20 2 20
Panicum miliaceum L. 10 000 150 15 150
Panicum virgatum L. 10 000 30 3 30
Papaver somniferum L. 10 000 10 1 10
Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey 10 000 150 15 150
Paspalum dilatatum Poir. 10 000 50 5 50
Paspalum notatum Flüggé 10 000 70 7 70
Paspalum plicatulum Michx. 10 000 40 4 40
Paspalum scrobiculatum L. 10 000 80 8 80
Paspalum urvillei Steud. 10 000 30 3 30
Paspalum virgatum L. (previously Paspalum wettsteinii 10 000 30 3 30
Hack.)
Pastinaca sativa L. 10 000 100 10 100
Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov. 10 000 70 7 70
Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br. 10 000 150 15 150
Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss 10 000 40 4 40
Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. 10 000 50 5 50
Phalaris aquatica L. 10 000 40 4 40
Chapter 2: Sampling
Phalaris arundinacea L. 10 000 30 3 30

Phalaris canariensis L. 10 000 200 20 200
Phaseolus coccineus L. 30 000 1 000 1 000 1 000
Phaseolus lunatus L. 30 000 1 000 1 000 1 000
Phaseolus vulgaris L. 30 000 1 000 700 1 000
Phleum nodosum L. 10 000 10 1 10
Phleum pratense L. 10 000 10 1 10
Physalis pubescens L. 10 000 20 2 20
Pimpinella anisum L. 10 000 70 7 70


(3.5.1)
1 2 3 4 5
Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Coss. 10 000 20 2 20
Pisum sativum L. s.l. 30 000 1 000 900 1 000
Plantago lanceolata L. 10 000 60 6 60
Poa annua L. 10 000 10 1 10
Poa bulbosa L. 10 000 30 3 30
Poa compressa L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Poa nemoralis L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Poa palustris L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Poa pratensis L. 10 000 5 1 5
Poa secunda J.Presl (includes Poa ampla Merr.) 10 000 15 1.5 15
Poa trivialis L. 10 000 5 1 5
Portulaca oleracea L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski 10 000 60 6 60
Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Á.Löve 10 000 80 8 80
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.DC. 20 000 1 000 1 000 1 000
Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi 10 000 350 35 350
Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. 20 000 300 30 300
Raphanus sativus L. 10 000 300 30 300
Rheum rhaponticum L. 10 000 450 45 450
Ricinus communis L. 20 000 1 000 500 1 000
Rosmarinus officinalis L. 10 000 30 3 30
Rumex acetosa L. 10 000 30 3 30
Sanguisorba minor Scop. 10 000 250 25 250
Satureja hortensis L. 10 000 20 2 20
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash 10 000 50 5 50
Scorzonera hispanica L. 10 000 300 30 300
Secale cereale L. 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Securigera varia (L.) Lassen 10 000 100 10 100
Sesamum indicum L. 10 000 70 7 70
Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv. 10 000 90 9 90
Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. 10 000 30 3 30
Sinapis alba L. 10 000 200 20 200
Solanum (sect. Lycopersicon) spp. (previously Lycopersicon 10 000 15 7 –
spp.)
Solanum (sect. Lycopersicon) hybrids (previously 10 000 15 7 –
Lycopersicon hybrids)
Solanum lycopersicum L. (previously Lycopersicon 10 000 15 7 –
esculentum Mill.)
Solanum melongena L. 10 000 150 15 150
Solanum nigrum L. 10 000 25 2.5 25
Solanum tuberosum L. 10 000 25 10 –
Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash 10 000 70 7 70
Chapter 2: Sampling
Sorghum ×almum Parodi 30 000 200 20 200

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench 30 000 900 90 900
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench × S. sudanense (Piper) Stapf 30 000 300 30 300
Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. 10 000 90 9 90
Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf 10 000 250 25 250
Spergula arvensis L. 10 000 40 4 40
Spinacia oleracea L. 10 000 250 25 250
Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. 10 000 70 7 70
Stylosanthes hamata (L.) Taub. 10 000 70 7 70


(3.5.1)
1 2 3 4 5
Stylosanthes humilis Kunth 10 000 70 7 70
Stylosanthes scabra Vogel 10 000 80 8 80
Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg., s.l. 10 000 30 3 30
Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze 20 000 1 000 200 1 000
Thymus vulgaris L. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Tragopogon porrifolius L. 10 000 400 40 400
Trifolium alexandrinum L. 10 000 60 6 60
Trifolium campestre Schreb. 10 000 5 0.5 5
Trifolium dubium Sibth. 10 000 20 2 20
Trifolium fragiferum L. 10 000 40 4 40
Trifolium glomeratum L. 10 000 10 1 10
Trifolium hirtum All. 10 000 70 7 70
Trifolium hybridum L. 10 000 20 2 20
Trifolium incarnatum L. 10 000 80 8 80
Trifolium lappaceum L. 10 000 20 2 20
Trifolium michelianum Savi (includes Trifolium balansae 10 000 20 2 20
Boiss.)
Trifolium pratense L. 10 000 50 5 50
Trifolium repens L. 10 000 20 2 20
Trifolium resupinatum L. 10 000 20 2 20
Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. 10 000 20 2 20
Trifolium squarrosum L. 10 000 150 15 150
Trifolium subterraneum L. 10 000 250 25 250
Trifolium vesiculosum Savi 10 000 30 3 30
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. 10 000 450 45 450
Trisetum flavescens (L.) P.Beauv. 10 000 5 0.5 5
×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A.Camus 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Triticum aestivum L. 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Triticum dicoccon Schrank 30 000 1 000 270 1 000
Triticum durum Desf. 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Triticum spelta L. 30 000 1 000 270 1 000
Urochloa mosambicensis (Hack.) Dandy 10 000 30 3 30
Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr. 10 000 70 7 70
Vicia benghalensis L. 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd. 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Vicia faba L. 30 000 1 000 1 000 1 000
Vicia narbonensis L. 30 000 1 000 600 1 000
Vicia pannonica Crantz 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Vicia sativa L. (includes V. angustifolia L.) 30 000 1 000 140 1 000
Vicia villosa Roth (includes V. dasycarpa Ten.) 30 000 1 000 100 1 000
Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi 30 000 1 000 250 1 000
Vigna marina (Burm.) Merr. 30 000 800 80 800
Chapter 2: Sampling
Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper 30 000 1 000 700 1 000

Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek 30 000 1 000 120 1 000
Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. 30 000 1 000 500 1 000
Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. 30 000 1 000 400 1 000
Zea mays L. 40 000 1 000 900 1 000
Zoysia japonica Steud. 10 000 10 1 10

Table 2A Part 2. Lot sizes and sample sizes: tree and shrub seeds
Species Maximum weight Minimum submit- Minimum working sample for

of lot (kg) (except ted sample (g) purity analysis (3.5.1) (g)
see 2.8 Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Abies alba Mill. 1 000 240 120
Abies amabilis Douglas ex J.Forbes 1 000 200 100
Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. 1 000 40 20
Abies cephalonica Loudon 1 000 360 180
Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carrière 1 000 1 000 500
Abies concolor (Gordon & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. 1 000 160 80
Abies firma Siebold & Zucc. 1 000 200 100
Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. 1 000 40 20
Abies grandis (Douglas ex D.Don) Lindl. 1 000 100 50
Abies homolepis Siebold & Zucc. 1 000 80 40
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 1 000 50 25
Abies magnifica A.Murray 1 000 400 200
Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach 1 000 360 180
Abies numidica de Lannoy ex Carrière 1 000 500 250
Abies pinsapo Boiss. 1 000 320 160
Abies procera Rehder 1 000 160 80
Abies sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Mast. 1 000 60 30
Abies veitchii Lindl. 1 000 40 20
Acacia spp. 1 000 70 35
Acer campestre L. 1 000 400 200
Acer negundo L. 500 200 100
Acer palmatum Thunb. 500 100 50
Acer platanoides L. 500 700 350
Acer pseudoplatanus L. 500 600 300
Acer rubrum L. 500 100 50
Acer saccharinum L. 500 1 000 500
Acer saccharum Marshall 500 360 180
Aesculus hippocastanum L. 5 000 500 seeds 500 seeds
Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle 1 000 160 80
Alnus cordata (Loisel.) Duby 1 000 12 6
Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. 1 000 8 4
Alnus incana (L.) Moench 1 000 4 2
Alnus rubra Bong. 1 000 4 2
Amorpha fruticosa L. 1 000 1 000 150
Berberis aquifolium Pursh (previously Mahonia aquifolium 1 000 60 30
(Pursh) Nutt.)
Betula papyrifera Marshall 300 10 3
Betula pendula Roth 300 10 1
Betula pubescens Ehrh. 300 10 1
Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin 300 160 80
Caragana arborescens Lam. 1 000 160 80
Carica papaya L. 1 000 100 50
Carpinus betulus L. 1 000 500 250
Castanea sativa Mill. 5 000 500 seeds 500 seeds
Chapter 2: Sampling
Catalpa spp.* 1 000 120 60

Cedrela spp. 1 000 80 40
Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) G.Manetti ex Carrière 1 000 400 200
Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ex D.Don) G.Don 1 000 600 300
Cedrus libani A.Rich. 1 000 400 200
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A.Murray) Parl. 1 000 20 6
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D.Don) Spach 1 000 20 10
Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. 1 000 12 6
Chamaecyparis pisifera (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. 1 000 10 3
Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) Britton et al. 1 000 10 3

Table 2A Part 2. Lot sizes and sample sizes: tree and shrub seeds (continued)

see 2.8 Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Cornus mas L. 1 000 1 000 600
Cornus sanguinea L. 1 000 300 150
Corylus avellana L. 5 000 500 fruits 500 fruits
Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson 1 000 40 15
(previously Eucalyptus citriodora Hook.)
Corymbia ficifolia (F.Muell.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson 1 000 40 15
(previously Eucalyptus ficifolia F.Muell.)
Corymbia maculata (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson 1 000 40 15
(previously Eucalyptus maculata Hook.)
Cotoneaster spp.* 1 000 40 20
Crataegus monogyna Jacq. 1 000 400 200
Cryptomeria japonica (L. f.) D.Don 1 000 20 10
Cupressus arizonica Greene 1 000 60 30
Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. 1 000 40 20
Cupressus sempervirens L. 1 000 40 20
Cydonia oblonga Mill. 1 000 50 25
Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link 1 000 40 20
Elaeagnus angustifolia L. 1 000 800 400
Eucalyptus astringens (Maiden) Maiden 1 000 40 15
Eucalyptus botryoides Sm. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus bridgesiana R.T.Baker 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus cinerea F.Muell. ex Benth. 1 000 30 10
(Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. see Corymbia citriodora
(Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson)
Eucalyptus cladocalyx F.Muell. 1 000 40 15
Eucalyptus cloeziana F.Muell. 1 000 40 15
Eucalyptus cypellocarpa L.A.S.Johnson 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus dalrympleana Maiden 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus deanei Maiden 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus deglupta Blume 1 000 10 2
Eucalyptus delegatensis R.T.Baker 1 000 40 15
Eucalyptus elata Dehnh. 1 000 40 15
Eucalyptus fastigata H.Deane & Maiden 1 000 40 15
(Eucalyptus ficifolia F.Muell. see Corymbia ficifolia
(F.Muell.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson)
Eucalyptus glaucescens Maiden & Blakely 1 000 40 15
Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (includes E. maidenii F.Muell. 1 000 60 20
and E. saint-johnii (R.T.Baker) R.T.Baker)
Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus gunnii Hook. f. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus largiflorens F.Muell. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus leucoxylon F.Muell. 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus macrorhyncha F.Muell. ex Benth. 1 000 40 15
(Eucalyptus maculata Hook. see Corymbia maculata
Chapter 2: Sampling
(Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson)

Eucalyptus mannifera Mudie 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus melliodora A.Cunn. ex Schauer 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus microtheca F.Muell. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus moluccana Roxb. 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus muelleriana A.W.Howitt 1 000 60 20
Eucalyptus nitens (H.Deane & Maiden) Maiden 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieber ex Spreng. (includes E. 1 000 60 20
niphophila Maiden & Blakely)


see 2.8 Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Eucalyptus pilularis Sm. 1 000 60 20
Eucalyptus polybractea R.T.Baker 1 000 60 20
Eucalyptus radiata Sieber ex DC. 1 000 40 15
Eucalyptus regnans F.Muell. 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus resinifera Sm. 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus robusta Sm. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus rudis Endl. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus saligna Sm. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus sideroxylon A.Cunn. ex Woolls 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus sieberi L.A.S.Johnson 1 000 40 15
Eucalyptus smithii R.T.Baker 1 000 30 10
Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. 1 000 15 5
Eucalyptus viminalis Labill. 1 000 30 10
Euonymus europaeus L. 1 000 200 100
Fagus sylvatica L. 5 000 1 000 600
Fraxinus spp. 1 000 400 200
Ginkgo biloba L. 5 000 500 seeds 500 seeds
Gleditsia triacanthos L. 1 000 800 400
Ilex aquifolium L. 1 000 200 90
Juniperus communis L. (berries) 1 000 300 150
Juniperus communis L. (seeds) 1 000 40 20
Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. 1 000 70 35
Juniperus virginiana L. 1 000 100 50
Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. 1 000 800 400
Laburnum alpinum (Mill.) J.Presl 1 000 140 70
Laburnum anagyroides Medik. 1 000 140 70
Larix decidua Mill. 1 000 35 17
Larix ×eurolepis A.Henry 1 000 35 16
Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. 1 000 25 10
Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière 1 000 24 10
Larix laricina (D.Roi) K.Koch 1 000 25 10
Larix occidentalis Nutt. 1 000 25 10
Larix sibirica Ledeb. 1 000 25 10
Ligustrum vulgare L. 1 000 100 50
Liquidambar styraciflua L. 300 30 15
Liriodendron tulipifera L. 1 000 180 90
(Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. see Berberis aquifolium
Pursh)
Malus spp. (except M. sargentii, M. sylvestris) 1 000 50 25
Malus sargentii Rehder 1 000 24 12
Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. 1 000 160 80
Malva sylvestris L. 5 000 30 15
Morus spp. 1 000 20 5
Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst. 1 000 50 25
Chapter 2: Sampling
Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb.) Blume 1 000 60 30

Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. 1 000 40 20
Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. 1 000 16 8
Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 1 000 10 5
Picea glehnii (F.Schmidt) Mast. 1 000 25 9
Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière 1 000 25 7
Picea koyamae Shiras. 1 000 25 9
Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton et al. 1 000 6 3
Picea omorika (Pančić) Purk. 1 000 25 8
Picea orientalis (L.) Link 1 000 30 15


see 2.8 Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Picea polita (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière 1 000 80 40
Picea pungens Engelm. 1 000 30 15
Picea rubens Sarg. 1 000 25 9
Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière 1 000 12 6
Pinus albicaulis Engelm. 1 000 700 350
Pinus aristata Engelm. 1 000 100 50
Pinus banksiana Lamb. 1 000 25 9
Pinus brutia Ten. 1 000 100 50
Pinus canariensis C.Sm. 1 000 60 30
Pinus caribaea Morelet 1 000 100 50
Pinus cembra L. 1 000 1 000 700
Pinus cembroides Zucc. 1 000 1 000 700
Pinus clausa (Chapm. ex Engelm.) Vasey ex Sarg. 1 000 40 20
Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon 1 000 25 9
Pinus coulteri D.Don 1 000 1 000 900
Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. 1 000 60 30
Pinus echinata Mill. 1 000 50 25
Pinus edulis Engelm. 1 000 1 000 700
Pinus elliottii Engelm. 1 000 160 80
Pinus flexilis E.James 1 000 500 250
Pinus glabra Walter 1 000 80 40
Pinus halepensis Mill. 1 000 100 50
Pinus heldreichii Christ 1 000 120 60
Pinus jeffreyi Balf. 1 000 600 300
Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon ('khasya') 1 000 80 40
Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc. 1 000 2 000 1 000
Pinus lambertiana Douglas 1 000 1 000 500
Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese 1 000 120 60
Pinus monticola Douglas ex D.Don 1 000 90 45
Pinus mugo Turra 1 000 40 20
Pinus muricata D.Don 1 000 50 25
Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold 1 000 100 50
Pinus oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl. 1 000 70 35
Pinus palustris Mill. 1 000 500 250
Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc. 1 000 500 250
Pinus patula Schltdl. & Cham. 1 000 40 20
Pinus peuce Griseb. 1 000 240 120
Pinus pinaster Aiton 1 000 240 120
Pinus pinea L. 1 000 1 000 1 000
Pinus ponderosa P.Lawson & C.Lawson 1 000 200 100
Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel 1 000 40 20
Pinus radiata D.Don 1 000 160 80
Pinus resinosa Aiton 1 000 50 25
Pinus rigida Mill. 1 000 40 20
Pinus strobus L. 1 000 90 45
Pinus sylvestris L. 1 000 40 20
Chapter 2: Sampling
Pinus tabuliformis Carrière 1 000 100 50

Pinus taeda L. 1 000 140 70
Pinus taiwanensis Hayata 1 000 100 50
Pinus thunbergii Parl. 1 000 70 35
Pinus virginiana Mill. 1 000 50 25
Pinus wallichiana A.B.Jacks. 1 000 250 125
Platanus spp. 1 000 25 6
Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco 1 000 120 60
Populus spp. 50 5 2


see 2.8 Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Prunus avium (L.) L. 1 000 900 450
Prunus padus L. 1 000 360 180
Prunus persica (L.) Batsch 5 000 500 seeds 500 seeds
Prunus serotina Ehrh. 1 000 500 250
Prunus spp. (TSW ≤ 200 g 1 000 1 000 500
Prunus spp. (TSW > 200 g 1 000 500 seeds 500 seeds
Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco 1 000 60 30
Pyrus spp. 1 000 180 90
Quercus spp. 5 000 500 seeds 500 seeds
Robinia pseudoacacia L. 1 000 100 50
Rosa spp. 1 000 50 25
Salix spp. 50 5 2
Sequoia sempervirens (D.Don) Endl. 1 000 25 12
Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) J.Buchholz 1 000 25 12
Sorbus spp. 1 000 25 10
Spartium junceum L. 1 000 40 20
Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott 1 000 100 50
Syringa spp. 1 000 30 15
Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich. 300 500 250
Taxus spp. 1 000 320 160
Tectona grandis L. f. 1 000 2 000 1 000
Thuja occidentalis L. 1 000 25 4
Thuja plicata Donn ex D.Don 1 000 10 3
Tilia cordata Mill. 1 000 180 90
Tilia platyphyllos Scop. 1 000 500 250
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière 1 000 25 7
Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 1 000 10 4
Ulmus americana L. 1 000 30 15
Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. 1 000 20 8
Ulmus pumila L. 1 000 30 15
Viburnum opulus L. 1 000 160 80
Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino 1 000 60 30
Chapter 2: Sampling

Table 2A Part 3. Lot sizes and sample sizes: flower, spice, herb and medicinal species
Species Maximum weight Minimum submit- Minimum working sam-

of lot (kg) ted sample (g) ple for purity analysis
(except see 2.8 (3.5.1) (g)
Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Abutilon ×hybridum hort. ex Voss 5 000 40 10
Achillea clavennae L. 5 000 5 0.5
Achillea filipendulina Lam. 5 000 5 0.5
Achillea ptarmica L. 5 000 5 0.5
Achillea umbellata Sm. 5 000 5 0.5
Adonis vernalis L. 5 000 20 5
Ageratum houstonianum Mill. 5 000 5 0.5
Agrimonia eupatoria L. 5 000 200 50
Alcea rosea L. 5 000 80 20
Althaea hybrids 5 000 80 20
Althaea officinalis L. 5 000 80 20
Alyssum argenteum All. 5 000 10 3
Alyssum montanum L. 5 000 10 3
Amaranthus caudatus L. 5 000 10 2
Amaranthus cruentus L. 5 000 10 2
Amaranthus hybridus L. 5 000 10 2
Amaranthus tricolor L. 5 000 10 2
Amberboa moschata (L.) DC. 5 000 40 10
Ammobium alatum R.Br. 5 000 5 1
Anagallis arvensis L. 5 000 10 2
Anchusa azurea Mill. 5 000 100 25
Anchusa capensis Thunb. 5 000 40 10
Anemone coronaria L. 5 000 10 3
Anemone pulsatilla L. 5 000 10 3
Anemone sylvestris L. 5 000 10 3
Angelica archangelica L. 5 000 40 10
Antirrhinum majus L. 5 000 5 0.5
Aquilegia alpina L. 5 000 20 4
Aquilegia canadensis L. 5 000 20 4
Aquilegia chrysantha A.Gray 5 000 20 4
Aquilegia ×cultorum Bergmans 5 000 20 4
Aquilegia vulgaris L. 5 000 20 4
Arabis alpina L. 5 000 10 2
Arabis ×arendsii H.R.Wehrh. 5 000 10 2
Arabis blepharophylla Hook. & Arn. 5 000 10 2
Arabis caucasica Willd. 5 000 10 2
Arabis procurrens Waldst. & Kit. 5 000 10 2
Arabis scopoliana Boiss. 5 000 10 2
Arctotis stoechadifolia P.J.Bergius 5 000 20 4
Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. 5 000 20 5
Artemisia absinthium L. 5 000 5 0.5
Artemisia dracunculus L. 5 000 5 0.5
Chapter 2: Sampling
Artemisia maritima L. 5 000 5 0.5

Artemisia vulgaris L. 5 000 5 0.5
Asclepias tuberosa L. 5 000 130 13
Asparagus aethiopicus L. (previously Asparagus densiflorus 10 000 200 60
(Kunth) Jessop)
Asparagus plumosus L. (previously Asparagus setaceus (Kunth) 10 000 200 50
Jessop)
Aster alpinus L. 5 000 20 5
Aster amellus L. 5 000 20 5
Aster dumosus L. 5 000 20 5

Table 2A Part 3. Lot sizes and sample sizes: flower, spice, herb and medicinal species (continued)

(except see 2.8 (3.5.1) (g)
Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Aubrieta deltoidea (L.) DC. (includes A. graeca Griseb.) 5 000 5 1
Aurinia saxatilis (L.) Desv. 5 000 10 3
Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J.Scott (previously Kochia scoparia (L.) 5 000 10 3
Schrad.)
Begonia Semperflorens-Cultorum Group 5 000 5 0.1
Begonia ×tuberhybrida Voss 5 000 5 0.1
Bellis perennis L. 5 000 5 0.5
Brachyscome iberidifolia Benth. 5 000 5 0.3
Briza maxima L. 5 000 40 10
Browallia viscosa Kunth 5 000 5 0.5
Brunnera macrophylla (Adams) I.M.Johnst. 5 000 40 10
Calceolaria ×herbeohybrida Voss 5 000 5 0.1
Calceolaria polyrrhiza Cav. 5 000 5 0.1
Calendula officinalis L. 5 000 80 20
Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees 5 000 20 6
Campanula carpatica Jacq. 5 000 5 0.2
Campanula fragilis Cirillo 5 000 5 1
Campanula garganica Ten. 5 000 5 0.5
Campanula glomerata L. 5 000 5 0.2
Campanula lactiflora M.Bieb. 5 000 5 1
Campanula medium L. 5 000 5 0.6
Campanula persicifolia L. 5 000 5 0.2
Campanula portenschlagiana Schult. 5 000 5 0.5
Campanula pyramidalis L. 5 000 5 1
Campanula rapunculus L. 5 000 5 1
Celosia argentea L. 5 000 10 2
(Centaurea americana Nutt. see Plectocephalus americana
(Nutt.) D.Don)
Centaurea benedicta (L.) L. (previously Cnicus benedictus 5 000 300 75
L.)
Centaurea cyanus L. 5 000 40 10
(Centaurea dealbata Willd. see Psephellus dealbatus (Willd.)
K.Koch)
Centaurea gymnocarpa Moris & D.Not. 5 000 40 10
Centaurea imperialis Hausskn. ex Bornm. 5 000 40 10
Centaurea macrocephala Muss. Puschk. ex Willd. 5 000 40 10
Centaurea montana L. 5 000 40 10
Centaurea ragusina L. 5 000 40 10
Cerastium tomentosum L. 5 000 10 2
Chelidonium majus L. 5 000 5 1
Chrysanthemum indicum L. 5 000 30 8
Clarkia amoena (Lehm.) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. 5 000 5 1
Clarkia pulchella Pursh 5 000 5 1
Chapter 2: Sampling
Clarkia unguiculata Lindl. 5 000 5 1

Cleome hassleriana Chodat 5 000 20 5
(Cnicus benedictus L. see Centaurea benedicta (L.) L.)
Cobaea scandens Cav. 5 000 200 50
Coix lacryma-jobi L. 5 000 600 150
Coleostephus multicaulis (Desf.) Durieu 5 000 30 8
(Coleus blumei Benth. see Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br.)
Consolida ajacis (L.) Schur 5 000 30 8


(except see 2.8 (3.5.1) (g)
Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Consolida regalis Gray 5 000 30 8
Convolvulus tricolor L. 5 000 100 25
Coreopsis basalis (A.Dietr.) S.F.Blake (includes C. drummondii 5 000 20 5
(D.Don) Torr. & A.Gray)
Coreopsis lanceolata L. 5 000 20 5
Coreopsis maritima (Nutt.) Hook. f. 5 000 5 1
Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. 5 000 5 1
Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. 5 000 80 20
Cosmos sulphureus Cav. 5 000 80 20
Cyclamen persicum Mill. 5 000 100 30
Cymbalaria muralis G.Gaertn. et al. 5 000 5 0.2
Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J.R.Drumm. 5 000 40 10
Dahlia pinnata Cav. 5 000 80 20
Datura metel L. 5 000 100 25
Datura stramonium L. 5 000 100 25
Delphinium ×belladonna hort. ex Bergmans 5 000 20 4
Delphinium cardinale Hook. 5 000 20 4
Delphinium ×cultorum Voss 5 000 20 4
Delphinium formosum Boiss. & A.Huet 5 000 20 4
Delphinium grandiflorum L. 5 000 20 4
Dianthus barbatus L. 5 000 10 3
Dianthus caryophyllus L. 5 000 20 5
Dianthus chinensis L. 5 000 10 3
Dianthus deltoides L. 5 000 20 0.5
Dianthus plumarius L. 5 000 20 5
Digitalis lanata Ehrh. 5 000 5 1
Digitalis purpurea L. 5 000 5 0.2
Dimorphotheca pluvialis (L.) Moench 5 000 40 10
Dimorphotheca tragus (Aiton) B.Nord. 5 000 40 10
Doronicum orientale Hoffm. 5 000 10 2
Dorotheanthus bellidiformis (Burm. f.) N.E.Br. 5 000 5 0.5
Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench 5 000 20 5
Echinops ritro L. 5 000 80 20
Echium candicans L. f. 5 000 40 10
Echium plantagineum L. 5 000 40 10
Erigeron speciosus (Lindl.) DC. 5 000 5 0.5
Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz 5 000 10 3
Erysimum ×marshallii (Henfr.) Bois 5 000 10 3
Eschscholzia californica Cham. 5 000 20 5
Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch. 5 000 60 15
Freesia refracta (Jacq.) Klatt 5 000 100 25
Gaillardia aristata Pursh 5 000 30 8
Chapter 2: Sampling
Gaillardia pulchella Foug. 5 000 20 6

Galega officinalis L. 5 000 80 20
Galeopsis segetum Neck. 5 000 20 4
Gazania rigens (L.) Gaertn. 5 000 20 5
Gentiana acaulis L. 5 000 5 0.7
Geranium hybrids 5 000 40 10
Gerbera jamesonii Adlam 5 000 40 10
Geum coccineum Sm. 5 000 20 5
Geum quellyon Sweet 5 000 20 5
Gilia tricolor Benth. 5 000 5 1


(except see 2.8 (3.5.1) (g)
Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt. 5 000 20 6
Glebionis carinata (Schousb.) Tzvelev 5 000 30 8
Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach 5 000 30 8
Glebionis segetum (L.) Fourr. 5 000 30 8
Gomphrena globosa L. 5 000 40 10
Goniolimon tataricum (L.) Boiss. 5 000 20 5
Grevillea robusta A.Cunn. ex R.Br. 5 000 80 20
Gypsophila elegans M.Bieb. 5 000 10 2
Gypsophila paniculata L. 5 000 10 2
Gypsophila repens L. 5 000 10 2
Helenium autumnale L. 5 000 5 0.9
Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mill. 5 000 20 5
Helianthus debilis Nutt. 10 000 150 40
(Helichrysum bracteatum (Vent.) Andrews see Xerochrysum
bracteatum (Vent.) Tzvelev)
Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet 5 000 40 10
Heliotropium arborescens L. 5 000 5 1
(Helipterum humboldtianum (Gaudich.) DC. see Rhodanthe
humboldtiana (Gaudich.) Paul G.Wilson)
(Helipterum manglesii (Lindl.) F.Muell. ex Benth. see Rhodanthe
manglesii Lindl.)
(Helipterum roseum (Hook.) Benth. see Rhodanthe chlorocephala
(Turcz.) Paul G.Wilson)
Hesperis matronalis L. 5 000 20 5
Heteranthemis viscidehirta Schott 5 000 30 8
Heuchera sanguinea Engelm. 5 000 5 0.1
Hibiscus trionum L. 5 000 40 10
Hippeastrum hybrids 5 000 80 20
Hypericum perforatum L. 5 000 5 0.3
Hyssopus officinalis L. 5 000 10 3
Iberis amara L. 5 000 20 6
Iberis gibraltarica L. 5 000 10 3
Iberis sempervirens L. 5 000 10 3
Iberis umbellata L. 5 000 10 3
Impatiens balsamina L. 5 000 100 25
Impatiens walleriana Hook. f. 5 000 10 2
Inula helenium L. 5 000 20 4
Ipomoea alba L. 10 000 400 100
Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth 10 000 400 100
Ipomoea quamoclit L. 10 000 200 50
Ipomoea tricolor Cav. 10 000 400 100
Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden (previously Senecio 5 000 5 0.5
cineraria DC.)
Chapter 2: Sampling
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelln. 5 000 5 0.1

Kalanchoe crenata (Andrews) Haw. 5 000 5 0.1
Kalanchoe globulifera H.Perrier 5 000 5 0.1
Kniphofia uvaria (L.) Oken 5 000 10 3
(Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. see Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J.Scott)
Lathyrus latifolius L. 10 000 400 100
Lathyrus odoratus L. 10 000 600 150
Lavandula angustifolia Mill. 5 000 10 2
Lavatera trimestris L. 5 000 40 10


(except see 2.8 (3.5.1) (g)
Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Legousia speculum-veneris (L.) Chaix 5 000 5 1
Leontopodium nivale (Ten.) Hand.-Mazz. (previously 5 000 5 0.1
Leontopodium alpinum Cass.)
Leonurus cardiaca L. 5 000 10 2
Leucanthemum maximum (Ramond) DC. 5 000 20 5
Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. 5 000 20 5
Levisticum officinale W.D.J.Koch 5 000 30 8
Liatris pycnostachya Michx. 5 000 30 8
Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. 5 000 30 8
Lilium regale E.H.Wilson 5 000 40 10
Limonium bellidifolium (Gouan) Dumort. 5 000 20 5
Limonium bonduellei (T.Lestib.) Kuntze 5 000 200 50
Limonium gerberi Soldano 5 000 20 5
Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill. (heads) 5 000 200 50
Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill. (seeds) 5 000 20 6
Linaria bipartita (Vent.) Willd. 5 000 5 0.2
Linaria maroccana Hook. f. 5 000 5 0.4
Linaria vulgaris Mill. 5 000 5 0.2
Linum flavum L. 5 000 20 5
Linum grandiflorum Desf. 5 000 40 10
Linum narbonense L. 5 000 20 5
Linum perenne L. 5 000 20 5
Lobelia cardinalis L. (includes L. fulgens Humb. & Bonpl. ex 5 000 5 0.1
Willd.)
Lobelia erinus L. 5 000 5 0.2
Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. 5 000 5 1
Lomelosia caucasica (M.Bieb.) Greuter & Burdet (previously 5 000 80 20
Scabiosa caucasica M.Bieb.)
Lonas annua (L.) Vines & Druce 5 000 5 0.6
Lunaria annua L. 5 000 80 20
Lupinus hartwegii Lindl. 10 000 200 60
Lupinus hybrids 10 000 200 60
Lupinus nanus Douglas ex Benth. 10 000 200 60
Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. 10 000 200 60
Malcolmia maritima (L.) R.Br. 5 000 10 3
Malope trifida Cav. 5 000 20 5
Marrubium vulgare L. 5 000 10 2
Matricaria chamomilla L. (previously Matricaria recutita L.) 5 000 5 0.5
Matthiola incana (L.) R.Br. 5 000 20 4
Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC. 5 000 10 2
Melissa officinalis L. 5 000 10 2
Mentha ×piperita L. 5 000 5 0.5
Mimosa pudica L. 5 000 40 10
Chapter 2: Sampling
Mimulus cardinalis Douglas ex Benth. 5 000 5 0.2

Mimulus cupreus hort. ex Dombrain 5 000 5 0.2
Mimulus ×hybridus hort. ex Voss 5 000 5 0.2
Mimulus luteus L. 5 000 5 0.2
Mirabilis jalapa L. 10 000 800 200
Moluccella laevis L. 5 000 100 25
Myosotis hybrids 5 000 10 2
Myosotis scorpioides L. 5 000 10 2
Myosotis sylvatica Hoffm. 5 000 10 2


(except see 2.8 (3.5.1) (g)
Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Nemesia strumosa Benth. 5 000 5 1
Nemesia versicolor E.Mey. ex Benth. 5 000 5 1
Nemophila maculata Benth. ex Lindl. 5 000 20 5
Nemophila menziesii Hook. & Arn. 5 000 20 5
Nepeta cataria L. 5 000 10 2
Nicotiana alata Link & Otto 5 000 5 0.2
Nicotiana ×sanderae W.Watson 5 000 5 0.2
Nicotiana suaveolens Lehm. 5 000 5 0.5
Nierembergia hippomanica Miers 5 000 5 0.5
Nigella damascena L. 5 000 20 6
Nigella hispanica L. 5 000 20 6
Nigella sativa L. 5 000 40 10
Oenothera macrocarpa Nutt. 5 000 40 10
Osteospermum ecklonis (DC.) Norl. 5 000 40 10
Papaver alpinum L. 5 000 5 0.5
Papaver glaucum Boiss. & Hausskn. 5 000 5 0.5
Papaver nudicaule L. 5 000 5 0.5
Papaver orientale L. 5 000 5 1
Papaver rhoeas L. 5 000 5 0.5
Pelargonium Zonale Group 5 000 80 20
Penstemon barbatus (Cav.) Roth 5 000 10 2
Penstemon hartwegii Benth. 5 000 10 2
Penstemon hybrids 5 000 10 2
Pericallis cruenta (Masson ex L’Hér.) Bolle (previously Senecio 5 000 5 0.5
cruentus (Masson ex L’Hér.) DC.)
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton 5 000 10 3
Petunia ×atkinsiana (Sweet) D.Don ex W.H.Baxter (previously 5 000 5 0.2
Petunia ×hybrida hort. ex E.Vilm.)
Phacelia campanularia A.Gray 5 000 10 2
Phlox drummondii Hook. 5 000 20 5
Phlox paniculata L. 5 000 20 5
Phlox subulata L. 5 000 20 5
Pholistoma auritum (Lindl.) Lilja 5 000 20 5
Physalis alkekengi L. 5 000 20 4
Pimpinella major (L.) Huds. 5 000 20 5
Pimpinella saxifraga L. 5 000 20 5
Plectocephalus americana (Nutt.) D.Don (previously Centaurea 5 000 100 35
americana Nutt.)
Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br. (previously Coleus blumei 5 000 10 2
Benth.)
Portulaca grandiflora Hook. 5 000 5 0.3
Primula auricula L. 5 000 5 1
Primula denticulata Sm. 5 000 5 0.5
Chapter 2: Sampling
Primula elatior (L.) Hill 5 000 10 2

Primula japonica A.Gray 5 000 5 1
Primula ×kewensis W.Watson 5 000 5 0.5
Primula malacoides Franch. 5 000 5 0.5
Primula obconica Hance 5 000 5 0.5
Primula praenitens Ker Gawl. 5 000 5 1
Primula veris L. 5 000 5 1
Primula vulgaris Huds. 5 000 5 1


(except see 2.8 (3.5.1) (g)
Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Psephellus dealbatus (Willd.) K.Koch (previously Centaurea 5 000 40 10
dealbata Willd.)
Psylliostachys suworowii (Regel) Roshkova 5 000 20 5
Ranunculus asiaticus L. 5 000 5 1
Reseda odorata L. 5 000 10 3
Rheum palmatum L. 5 000 100 30
Rhodanthe humboldtiana (Gaudich.) Paul G.Wilson (previously 5 000 30 8
Helipterum humboldtianum (Gaudich.) DC.)
Rhodanthe manglesii Lindl. (previously Helipterum manglesii 5 000 30 8
(Lindl.) F.Muell. ex Benth.)
Rhodanthe chlorocephala (Turcz.) Paul G.Wilson (includes 5 000 30 8
Helipterum roseum (Hook.) Benth.)
Rudbeckia fulgida Aiton 5 000 10 2
Rudbeckia hirta L. 5 000 5 1
Ruta graveolens L. 5 000 20 6
Saintpaulia ionantha H.Wendl. 5 000 5 0.1
Salpiglossis sinuata Ruiz & Pav. 5 000 5 1
Salvia coccinea Buc’hoz ex Etl. 5 000 30 8
Salvia farinacea Benth. 5 000 20 5
Salvia officinalis L. 5 000 30 20
Salvia patens Cav. 5 000 30 8
Salvia pratensis L. 5 000 30 8
Salvia sclarea L. 5 000 80 20
Salvia splendens Sellow ex Schult. 5 000 30 8
Salvia viridis L. 5 000 20 5
Sanvitalia procumbens Lam. 5 000 10 2
Saponaria calabrica Guss. 5 000 20 5
Saponaria ocymoides L. 5 000 20 5
Saponaria officinalis L. 5 000 20 5
Scabiosa atropurpurea L. 5 000 60 15
(Scabiosa caucasica M.Bieb. see Lomelosia caucasica (M.Bieb.)
Greuter & Burdet)
Schefflera elegantissima (hort. Veitch ex Mast.) Lowry & Frodin 5 000 20 6
Schizanthus pinnatus Ruiz & Pav. 5 000 10 2
(Senecio cineraria DC. see Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser &
Meijden)
(Senecio cruentus (Masson ex L’Hér.) DC. see Pericallis cruenta
(Masson ex L’Hér.) Bolle)
Senecio elegans L. 5 000 5 0.5
Silene chalcedonica (L.) E.H.L.Krause 5 000 5 1
Silene coronaria (L.) Clairv. 5 000 20 5
Silene pendula L. 5 000 10 2
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. 5 000 200 50
Chapter 2: Sampling
Sinningia speciosa (Lodd. et al.) Hiern 5 000 5 0.2

(Solanum diflorum Vell. see Solanum pseudocapsicum L.)
Solanum giganteum Jacq. 5 000 20 5
Solanum laciniatum Aiton 5 000 20 5
Solanum marginatum L. f. 5 000 20 5
Solanum pseudocapsicum L. (previously Solanum diflorum 5 000 20 5
Vell.)
Stachys macrantha (K.Koch) Stearn 5 000 20 5
Tagetes erecta L. 5 000 40 10


(except see 2.8 (3.5.1) (g)
Note 2)
1 2 3 4
Tagetes patula L. 5 000 40 10
Tagetes tenuifolia Cav. 5 000 20 5
Tanacetum achilleifolium (M.Bieb.) Sch. Bip. 5 000 30 8
Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Sch. Bip. 5 000 10 3
Tanacetum coccineum (Willd.) Grierson 5 000 30 8
Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch. Bip. 5 000 20 5
Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims 5 000 200 50
Thymus serpyllum L. 5 000 5 0.5
Torenia fournieri Linden ex E.Fourn. 5 000 5 0.2
Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. (previously 5 000 5 0.5
Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) M.Laínz)
Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W.D.J.Koch 5 000 5 0.5
(Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) M.Laínz see
Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip.)
Tropaeolum majus L. 10 000 1 000 350
Tropaeolum peltophorum Benth. 10 000 1 000 350
Tropaeolum peregrinum L. 10 000 1 000 350
Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert 5 000 20 5
Valeriana officinalis L. 5 000 10 2
Verbascum densiflorum Bertol. 5 000 5 0.3
Verbascum phlomoides L. 5 000 5 0.5
Verbascum thapsus L. 5 000 5 0.5
Verbena bonariensis L. 5 000 20 6
Verbena Hybrida Group 5 000 20 6
Verbena rigida Spreng. 5 000 10 2
Vinca minor L. 5 000 20 5
Viola cornuta L. 5 000 10 3
Viola odorata L. 5 000 10 3
Viola tricolor L. 5 000 10 3
Xeranthemum annuum L. 5 000 10 3
Xerochrysum bracteatum (Vent.) Tzvelev (previously Helichrysum 5 000 10 2
bracteatum (Vent.) Andrews)
Zinnia elegans Jacq. 5 000 80 20
Zinnia haageana Regel 5 000 20 6
Chapter 2: Sampling

Table 2B Part 1. Sample sizes (numbers of seeds) for pelleted seeds, encrusted seed and seed granules
Determinations Minimum submitted Minimum working

sample sample
Purity analysis (including verification of 2 500 2 500
species)
Weight determination 2 500 Pure pellet fraction
Germination 2 500 400
Determination of other seeds 10 000 7 500
Determination of other seeds (encrusted 25 000 25 000
seeds and seed granules)
Size grading 5 000 1 000
Table 2B Part 2. Sample sizes (number of seeds) for seed tapes and mats
Determinations Minimum submitted Minimum working

sample sample
Verification of species 300 100
Germination 2 000 400
Purity analysis (if required) 2 500 2 500
Determination of other seeds 10 000 7 500
Chapter 2: Sampling

2.9 Heterogeneity testing for seed Mean of all X values determined for the lot in respect of
lots in multiple containers the adopted attribute:
The object of heterogeneity testing is to detect the pres- ∑X

X =
ence of heterogeneity which makes the seed lot techni- N
cally unacceptable for sampling according to the object as
defined in 2.1. Acceptable variance of independent container-samples in
respect of purity or germination percentages:
2.9.1 The H value test X · (100 – X )

W= ·f
n
2.9.1.1 Definitions of terms and symbols
Acceptable variance of independent container-samples in
The testing of predominantly in-range heterogeneity of an respect of number of other seeds:
attribute adopted as an indicator involves a comparison be-
tween the observed variance and the acceptable variance W = X · f
of that attribute. The container-samples of a seed lot are
samples drawn independently of each other from differ- Observed variance of independent container-samples
ent containers. The examinations of container-samples for based on all X values in respect of the adopted attribute:
the indicating attribute must also be mutually independ-
ent. Since there is only one source of information for each N ∑ X2 – ( ∑ X )2
V=
container, heterogeneity within containers is not directly N(N–1)
involved. The acceptable variance is calculated by mul-
tiplying the theoretical variance caused by random vari- H value:
ation with a factor f for additional variation, taking into
account the level of heterogeneity which is achievable in V
H= –f
good seed production practice. The theoretical variance W
can be calculated from the respective probability distri-
butions, which is the binomial distribution in the case of Negative H values are reported as zero.
purity and germination, and the Poisson distribution in the
case of the other seed count. Table 2C. Factors for additional variation in seed lots to be
used for calculating W and finally the H value
No number of containers in the lot
Attributes Non-chaffy seeds Chaffy seeds
N number of independent container-samples Purity 1.1 1.2
Other seed count 1.4 2.2
Germination 1.1 1.2
n number of seeds tested from each container-sample
(1 000 for purity, 100 for germination and 10 000 for
other seed count, see 2.9.1.3) Remarks:
– For purity and germination calculate to two decimal
X test result of the adopted attribute in a container-sample places if N is less than 10 and to three decimal places
if N is 10 or more.
∑ symbol for sum of all values – For the number of other seeds, calculate to one decimal
place if N is less than 10, and to two decimal places if
f factor for multiplying the theoretical variance to obtain N is 10 or more.
the acceptable variance (see Table 2C) – For definition of non-chaffy and chaffy seeds see 3.6.6
Chapter 2: Sampling
of the ISTA Rules. The chaffiness of various genera is

listed in Table 3B Part 1.

Table 2D. Sampling intensity and critical H values. Number of independent container samples to be drawn as depend-
ing on the number of containers in the lot and critical H values for seed lot heterogeneity at a significance level of 1 %
probability
Number of Number of inde- Critical H value for purity and Critical H value for other seed
containers in pendent container germination attributes count attributes
the lot samples
non-chaffy seeds chaffy seeds non-chaffy seeds chaffy seeds
5 5 2.55 2.78 3.25 5.10
6 6 2.22 2.42 2.83 4.44
7 7 1.98 2.17 2.52 3.98
8 8 1.80 1.97 2.30 3.61
9 9 1.66 1.81 2.11 3.32
10 10 1.55 1.69 1.97 3.10
11–15 11 1.45 1.58 1.85 2.90
16–25 15 1.19 1.31 1.51 2.40
26–35 17 1.10 1.20 1.40 2.20
36–49 18 1.07 1.16 1.36 2.13
50 or more 20 0.99 1.09 1.26 2.00
2.9.1.2 Sampling the lot In the laboratory, a working sample is drawn from each
container-sample and tested independently of any other
The number of independent container samples must be not sample for the chosen attribute.
less than presented in Table 2D.
Sampling intensity has been chosen such that in a a) The percentage by weight of any component may be
lot containing about 10 % deviating containers, at least used, provided it can be separated as in the purity
one deviating container is selected with a probability of analysis, e.g. pure seed, other seeds, or empty seeds of
p = 90 %. Since the detection of a deviating container is grasses. The working sample should be of such weight
conditional on selection, the power of both tests to detect as is estimated to contain 1000 seeds counted from
heterogeneity is at best close to equal, but usually lower each container-sample. Each working sample is sepa-
than the chosen selection probability. (Reference: Steiner, rated into two fractions: the selected component and
A. M. and Meyer, U. (1990), H value and R value hetero- the remainder.
geneity testing of seed lots; properties, sampling intensity
and precision. Agribiological Research 43, 103–114.) b) Any kind of seed or seedling determinable in a stand-
The containers to be sampled are chosen strictly at ard germination test may be used, e.g. normal seed-
random. The sample taken from the container must ad- lings, abnormal seedlings or hard seeds. From each
equately represent the whole contents, e.g. the top, middle container-sample a germination test of 100 seeds is set
and bottom of a bag. The weight of each container-sample up simultaneously and completed in accordance with
must be not less than half that specified in the Table 2A, conditions specified in Table 5A.
column 3.
c) The seed count may be of any component that can be
counted, e.g. a specified seed species, or all other seeds
2.9.1.3 Testing procedure together. Each working sample must be of a weight
estimated to contain about 2500 seeds and a count is
The attribute adopted to indicate heterogeneity may be: made in it of the number of seeds of the kind selected
a) percentage by weight of any purity component, (i.e. other seed count).
b) percentage of any germination test component, or
Chapter 2: Sampling
c) the total number seeds or the number of any sin-

gle species in the determination of other seeds by
number.

2.9.1.4 Use of Table 2D in the case of purity and germination, and to the Poisson
distribution in the case of the other seed count, multiplied
Table 2D shows the critical H values which would be ex- by the square root of the factor f given in Table 2C, respec-
ceeded in only 1 % of tests from seed lots with an ac- tively. The spread between containers is characterized by
ceptable distribution of the attribute adopted as indica- the calculated range to be compared with the correspond-
tor. If the calculated H value exceeds the critical H value ing tolerated range.
belonging to the sample number N, the attribute and the
chaffiness in Table 2D, then the lot is considered to show
significant heterogeneity in the in-range, or possibly also 2.9.2.1 Definitions of terms and symbols
the off-range sense. If, however, the calculated H value is
less than or equal to the tabulated critical H value, then the No number of containers in the lot
lot is considered to show no heterogeneity in the in-range,
or possibly off-range sense with respect to the attribute N number of independent container-samples
being tested.
n number of seeds tested from each container-sample
(1 000 for purity, 100 for germination and 10 000 for
2.9.1.5 Reporting results other seed count, see 2.9.1.3)
The result of the H value heterogeneity test for seed lots in X test result of the adopted attribute in a container-sample
multiple containers must be reported under ‘Other deter-
minations’, as follows: ∑ symbol for sum of all values
– X: mean of all X values determined for the lot in
respect of the adopted attribute; Mean of all X values determined for the lot in respect of
– N: number of independent container samples; the adopted attribute:
– No: number of containers in the lot;
– the calculated H value; ∑X
X =
– the statement: ‘This H value does/does not indicate N
significant heterogeneity.’
Range found as maximum difference between independ-
Note: the H value must not be calculated or reported if X ent container samples of the lot in respect of the adopted
is outside the following limits: attribute:
– purity components: above 99.8 % or below 0.2 %;
– germination: above 99.0 % or below 1.0 %; R = Xmax – Xmin
– number of specified seeds: below two per sample.
Note: for precision of X for the R value test, see 2.9.1.1
‘Remarks’ to the H value test.
2.9.2 The R value test
The object of this test is to detect off-range heterogeneity 2.9.2.2 Sampling the lot
of the seed lot using the attribute adopted as an indicator.
The test for off-range heterogeneity involves comparing Sampling for the R value test is the same as for the H
the maximum difference found between samples of simi- value test (see 2.9.1.2); the same samples must be used.
lar size drawn from the lot with a tolerated range. This tol-
erated range is based on the acceptable standard deviation,
which is achievable in good seed production practice. 2.9.2.3 Testing procedure
Each independent container-sample is taken from a
Chapter 2: Sampling
different container, so that heterogeneity within containers The same testing procedures of purity, germination and
is not directly involved. Information about heterogeneity the other seed count are used for the R value test as are
within containers is contained, however, in the acceptable used for the H value test (see 2.9.1.3). For calculations,
standard deviation which is in fact incorporated into the the same set of data must be used.
tabulation of tolerated ranges. The acceptable standard
deviation was calculated by the standard deviation due to
random variation according to the binomial distribution

2.9.2.4 Use of tables 2.9.2.5 Reporting results
Seed lot off-range heterogeneity is tested by using the ap- The result of the R value heterogeneity test for seed lots in
propriate table for tolerated, i.e. critical range: multiple containers must be reported under ‘Other deter-
– Table 2E for components of pure seed analyses, minations’, as follows:
– Table 2F for germination determinations, and
– Table 2G for numbers of other seeds. – X: mean of all X values determined for the lot in
respect of the adopted attribute;
Find the value X in the ‘Average’ columns of the appropri- – N: number of independent container samples;
ate table. When entering the table, round averages follow- – No: number of containers in the lot;
ing the usual procedure; read off the tolerated range which – the calculated R value;
would be exceeded in only 1 % of tests from seed lots with – the statement: ‘This R value does/does not indicate
an acceptable distribution of the attribute: significant heterogeneity.’
– in columns 5–9 for cases when N = 5 to 9,
– in columns 10–19 for cases when N = 10 to 19, or
– in column 20 when N = 20. 2.9.3 Interpretation of results
If the calculated R value exceeds this tolerated range, then Whenever either of the two tests, the H value test or the R
the lot is considered to show significant heterogeneity in value test, indicates significant heterogeneity, then the lot
the off-range sense. If, however, the calculated R value is must be declared heterogeneous. When, however, neither
less than or equal to the tabulated tolerated range, then the of the two tests indicates significant heterogeneity, then
lot is considered to show no heterogeneity in the off-range the lot must be adopted as non-heterogeneous, having a
sense with respect to the attribute being tested. non-significant level of heterogeneity.
When using the tables, round averages to the next tab-
ulated value (if in the middle, then downwards).
Chapter 2: Sampling

Table 2E Part 1. Maximum tolerated ranges for the R Table 2E Part 2. Maximum tolerated ranges for the R
value test at a significance level of 1 % probability using value test at a significance level of 1 % probability using
components of purity analyses as the indicating attribute in components of purity analyses as the indicating attribute in
non-chaffy seeds chaffy seeds
Average % of the compo- Tolerated range for number of Average % of the compo- Tolerated range for number of
nent and its complement independent samples (N) nent and its complement independent samples (N)
5–9 10–19 20 5–9 10–19 20
99.9 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 99.9 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.6
99.8 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.8 99.8 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.9
99.7 0.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 99.7 0.3 0.9 1.0 1.1
99.6 0.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 99.6 0.4 1.0 1.1 1.2
99.5 0.5 1.1 1.2 1.3 99.5 0.5 1.1 1.3 1.4
99.4 0.6 1.2 1.3 1.4 99.4 0.6 1.2 1.4 1.5
99.3 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.6 99.3 0.7 1.3 1.5 1.6
99.2 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.7 99.2 0.8 1.4 1.6 1.7
99.1 0.9 1.4 1.6 1.8 99.1 0.9 1.5 1.7 1.8
99.0 1.0 1.5 1.7 1.9 99.0 1.0 1.6 1.8 1.9
98.5 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.3 98.5 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.4
98.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.6 98.0 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.7
97.5 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.9 97.5 2.5 2.5 2.8 3.1
97.0 3.0 2.6 2.9 3.2 97.0 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.3
96.5 3.5 2.8 3.1 3.4 96.5 3.5 2.9 3.3 3.6
96.0 4.0 3.0 3.4 3.7 96.0 4.0 3.1 3.5 3.8
95.5 4.5 3.2 3.5 3.9 95.5 4.5 3.3 3.7 4.1
95.0 5.0 3.3 3.7 4.1 95.0 5.0 3.5 3.9 4.3
94.0 6.0 3.6 4.1 4.5 94.0 6.0 3.8 4.2 4.6
93.0 7.0 3.9 4.4 4.8 93.0 7.0 4.1 4.6 5.0
92.0 8.0 4.1 4.6 5.1 92.0 8.0 4.3 4.8 5.3
91.0 9.0 4.4 4.9 5.4 91.0 9.0 4.6 5.1 5.6
90.0 10.0 4.6 5.1 5.6 90.0 10.0 4.8 5.4 5.9
89.0 11.0 4.8 5.4 5.9 89.0 11.0 5.0 5.6 6.1
88.0 12.0 5.0 5.6 6.1 88.0 12.0 5.2 5.8 6.4
87.0 13.0 5.1 5.8 6.3 87.0 13.0 5.4 6.0 6.6
86.0 14.0 5.3 5.9 6.5 86.0 14.0 5.5 6.2 6.8
85.0 15.0 5.4 6.1 6.7 85.0 15.0 5.7 6.4 7.0
84.0 16.0 5.6 6.3 6.9 84.0 16.0 5.8 6.6 7.2
83.0 17.0 5.7 6.4 7.0 83.0 17.0 6.0 6.7 7.4
82.0 18.0 5.9 6.6 7.2 82.0 18.0 6.1 6.9 7.5
81.0 19.0 6.0 6.7 7.4 81.0 19.0 6.3 7.0 7.7
80.0 20.0 6.1 6.8 7.5 80.0 20.0 6.4 7.1 7.8
78.0 22.0 6.3 7.1 7.8 78.0 22.0 6.6 7.4 8.1
76.0 24.0 6.5 7.3 8.0 76.0 24.0 6.8 7.6 8.4
74.0 26.0 6.7 7.5 8.2 74.0 26.0 7.0 7.8 8.6
72.0 28.0 6.9 7.7 8.4 72.0 28.0 7.2 8.0 8.8
70.0 30.0 7.0 7.8 8.6 70.0 30.0 7.3 8.2 9.0
68.0 32.0 7.1 8.0 8.7 68.0 32.0 7.4 8.3 9.1
66.0 34.0 7.2 8.1 8.9 66.0 34.0 7.5 8.5 9.3
64.0 36.0 7.3 8.2 9.0 64.0 36.0 7.6 8.6 9.4
62.0 38.0 7.4 8.3 9.1 62.0 38.0 7.7 8.7 9.5
Chapter 2: Sampling
60.0 40.0 7.5 8.4 9.2 60.0 40.0 7.8 8.8 9.6
58.0 42.0 7.5 8.4 9.2 58.0 42.0 7.9 8.8 9.7
56.0 44.0 7.6 8.5 9.3 56.0 44.0 7.9 8.9 9.7
54.0 46.0 7.6 8.5 9.3 54.0 46.0 7.9 8.9 9.8
52.0 48.0 7.6 8.6 9.4 52.0 48.0 8.0 8.9 9.8
50.0 50.0 7.6 8.6 9.4 50.0 50.0 8.0 8.9 9.8

Table 2F Part 1. Maximum tolerated ranges for the R Table 2F Part 2. Maximum tolerated ranges for the R
value test at a significance level of 1 % probability using value test at a significance level of 1 % probability using
components of germination tests as the indicating attribute components of germination tests as the indicating attribute
in non-chaffy seeds in chaffy seeds
Average % of the compo- Tolerated range for number of Average % of the compo- Tolerated range for number of
nent and its complement independent samples (N) nent and its complement independent samples (N)
5–9 10–19 20 5–9 10–19 20
99 1 5 6 6 99 1 6 6 7
98 2 7 8 9 98 2 8 8 9
97 3 9 10 11 97 3 9 10 11
96 4 10 11 12 96 4 10 12 13
95 5 11 12 13 95 5 11 13 14
94 6 12 13 15 94 6 12 14 15
93 7 13 14 16 93 7 13 15 16
92 8 14 15 17 92 8 14 16 17
91 9 14 16 17 91 9 15 17 18
90 10 15 17 18 90 10 16 17 19
89 11 16 17 19 89 11 16 18 20
88 12 16 18 20 88 12 17 19 21
87 13 17 19 20 87 13 17 20 21
86 14 17 19 21 86 14 18 20 22
85 15 18 20 22 85 15 18 21 23
84 16 18 20 22 84 16 19 21 23
83 17 19 21 23 83 17 19 22 24
82 18 19 21 23 82 18 20 22 24
81 19 19 22 24 81 19 20 23 25
80 20 20 22 24 80 20 21 23 25
79 21 20 23 25 79 21 21 24 26
78 22 20 23 25 78 22 21 24 26
77 23 21 23 25 77 23 22 24 27
76 24 21 24 26 76 24 22 25 27
75 25 21 24 26 75 25 22 25 27
74 26 22 24 26 74 26 23 25 28
73 27 22 25 27 73 27 23 26 28
72 28 22 25 27 72 28 23 26 28
71 29 22 25 27 71 29 23 26 29
70 30 23 25 28 70 30 24 26 29
69 31 23 26 28 69 31 24 27 29
68 32 23 26 28 68 32 24 27 29
67 33 23 26 28 67 33 24 27 30
66 34 23 26 29 66 34 24 27 30
65 35 24 26 29 65 35 25 27 30
64 36 24 26 29 64 36 25 28 30
63 37 24 27 29 63 37 25 28 30
62 38 24 27 29 62 38 25 28 31
61 39 24 27 29 61 39 25 28 31
60 40 24 27 30 60 40 25 28 31
59 41 24 27 30 59 41 25 28 31
58 42 24 27 30 58 42 25 28 31
Chapter 2: Sampling
57 43 24 27 30 57 43 25 28 31
56 44 24 27 30 56 44 26 29 31
55 45 25 27 30 55 45 26 29 31
54 46 25 27 30 54 46 26 29 31
53 47 25 28 30 53 47 26 29 31
52 48 25 28 30 52 48 26 29 31
51 49 25 28 30 51 49 26 29 31
50 50 25 28 30 50 50 26 29 31

Table 2G Part 1. Maximum tolerated ranges for the R value test at a significance level of 1 % probability using compo-
nents of other seed count analyses as the indicating attribute in non-chaffy seeds
Average count Tolerated range for number of Average count Tolerated range for number of
of other seeds independent samples (N) of other seeds independent samples (N)
5–9 10–19 20 5–9 10–19 20
1 6 7 7 51 39 44 48
2 8 9 10 52 40 45 49
3 10 11 12 53 40 45 49
4 11 13 14 54 40 45 50
5 13 14 15 55 41 46 50
6 14 15 17 56 41 46 51
7 15 17 18 57 42 47 51
8 16 18 19 58 42 47 51
9 17 19 21 59 42 47 52
10 18 20 22 60 43 48 52
11 19 21 23 61 43 48 53
12 19 22 24 62 43 49 53
13 20 23 25 63 44 49 54
14 21 23 26 64 44 49 54
15 22 24 26 65 44 50 54
16 22 25 27 66 45 50 55
17 23 26 28 67 45 50 55
18 24 26 29 68 45 51 56
19 24 27 30 69 46 51 56
20 25 28 30 70 46 52 56
21 25 28 31 71 46 52 57
22 26 29 32 72 47 52 57
23 27 30 33 73 47 53 58
24 27 30 33 74 47 53 58
25 28 31 34 75 48 53 58
26 28 32 35 76 48 54 59
27 29 32 35 77 48 54 59
28 29 33 36 78 49 54 60
29 30 33 37 79 49 55 60
30 30 34 37 80 49 55 60
31 31 34 38 81 49 55 61
32 31 35 38 82 50 56 61
33 32 36 39 83 50 56 61
34 32 36 39 84 50 56 62
35 33 37 40 85 51 57 62
36 33 37 41 86 51 57 62
37 34 38 41 87 51 57 63
38 34 38 42 88 52 58 63
39 34 39 42 89 52 58 64
40 35 39 43 90 52 58 64
41 35 40 43 91 52 59 64
42 36 40 44 92 53 59 65
43 36 41 44 93 53 59 65
Chapter 2: Sampling
44 37 41 45 94 53 60 65
45 37 41 45 95 54 60 66
46 37 42 46 96 54 60 66
47 38 42 46 97 54 61 66
48 38 43 47 98 54 61 67
49 39 43 47 99 55 61 67
50 39 44 48 100 55 62 67

5–9 10–19 20 5–9 10–19 20
101 55 62 68 121 60 68 74
102 55 62 68 122 61 68 74
103 56 62 68 123 61 68 75
104 56 63 69 124 61 68 75
105 56 63 69 125 61 69 75
106 57 63 69 126 62 69 76
107 57 64 70 127 62 69 76
108 57 64 70 128 62 70 76
109 57 64 70 129 62 70 76
110 58 65 71 130 63 70 77
111 58 65 71 131 63 70 77
112 58 65 71 132 63 71 77
113 58 65 72 133 63 71 78
114 59 66 72 134 64 71 78
115 59 66 72 135 64 71 78
116 59 66 73 136 64 72 78
117 59 67 73 137 64 72 79
118 60 67 73 138 64 72 79
119 60 67 73
120 60 67 74
For higher other seed counts, tolerances (R) are calculated by using the following formula and rounding up to the next
whole number:
For N = 5–9: R = √(average count of other seed) × 5.44
For N = 20: R = √(average count of other seed) × 6.69
Chapter 2: Sampling

Table 2G Part 2. Maximum tolerated ranges for the R value test at a significance level of 1 % probability using compo-
nents of other seed count analyses as the indicating attribute in chaffy seeds
5–9 10–19 20 5–9 10–19 20
1 7 8 9 51 49 55 60
2 10 11 12 52 50 56 61
3 12 14 15 53 50 56 62
4 14 16 17 54 51 57 62
5 16 18 19 55 51 57 63
6 17 19 21 56 52 58 63
7 19 21 23 57 52 58 64
8 20 22 24 58 52 59 64
9 21 23 26 59 53 59 65
10 22 25 27 60 53 60 65
11 23 26 28 61 54 60 66
12 24 27 30 62 54 61 66
13 25 28 31 63 55 61 67
14 26 29 32 64 55 62 68
15 27 30 33 65 56 62 68
16 28 31 34 66 56 63 69
17 29 32 35 67 56 63 69
18 29 33 36 68 57 64 70
19 30 34 37 69 57 64 70
20 31 35 38 70 58 65 71
21 32 36 39 71 58 65 71
22 33 36 40 72 58 65 72
23 33 37 41 73 59 66 72
24 34 38 42 74 59 66 73
25 35 39 42 75 60 67 73
26 35 40 43 76 60 67 74
27 36 40 44 77 60 68 74
28 37 41 45 78 61 68 75
29 37 42 46 79 61 69 75
30 38 42 46 80 62 69 75
31 38 43 47 81 62 69 76
32 39 44 48 82 62 70 76
33 40 44 49 83 63 70 77
34 40 45 49 84 63 71 77
35 41 46 50 85 63 71 78
36 41 46 51 86 64 71 78
37 42 47 51 87 64 72 79
38 43 48 52 88 65 72 79
39 43 48 53 89 65 73 80
40 44 49 54 90 65 73 80
41 44 50 54 91 66 74 80
42 45 50 55 92 66 74 81
43 45 51 55 93 66 74 81
Chapter 2: Sampling
44 46 51 56 94 67 75 82
45 46 52 57 95 67 75 82
46 47 52 57 96 67 75 83
47 47 53 58 97 68 76 83
48 48 54 59 98 68 76 83
49 48 54 59 99 68 77 84
50 49 55 60 100 69 77 84

5–9 10–19 20 5–9 10–19 20
101 69 77 85 121 76 85 93
102 69 78 85 122 76 85 93
103 70 78 86 123 76 85 93
104 70 79 86 124 76 86 94
105 70 79 86 125 77 86 94
106 71 79 87 126 77 86 95
107 71 80 87 127 77 87 95
108 71 80 88 128 78 87 95
109 72 80 88 129 78 87 96
110 72 81 88 130 78 88 96
111 72 81 89 131 79 88 96
112 73 81 89 132 79 88 97
113 73 82 90 133 79 89 97
114 73 82 90 134 79 89 98
115 74 83 90 135 80 89 98
116 74 83 91 136 80 90 98
117 74 83 91 137 80 90 99
118 75 84 92 138 81 90 99
119 75 84 92
120 75 84 92
For higher other seed counts, tolerances (R) are calculated by using the following formula and rounding up to the next
whole number:
For N = 20: R = √(average count of other seed) × 8.38
Chapter 2: Sampling

ISTA Rules 2017 02 Sampling

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International Rules for Seed Testing, Chapter 2, i–2-44 (50)

International Rules for

Including changes and editorial corrections adopted at the

Effective from 1 January 2017

Note on the use of the translations

©2017 International Seed Testing Association (ISTA)

Online ISSN 2310-3655

ii Effective 1 January 2017

2.5.4.3 Marking/labelling and sealing of

Effective 1 January 2017 iii

Preface to the 2017 Edition of the ISTA Rules

Dr. Steve Jones, ISTA Rules Committee Chair

Preface to the 2017 Edition of the ISTA Rules

Effective 1 January 2017 xiii

Changes to the ISTA Rules for 2017

Table 2G Parts 1 and 2: formulas added for calculat- conductivity tests

xiv Effective 1 January 2017

2.1 Object 2.2.7 Duplicate sample

2.2.8 Working sample

2.2.2 Sublot 2.2.9 Sealed

A primary sample is a portion taken from the seed lot dur-

The ‘valve-pack’ bag is a specific type of self sealing con-

2.2.5 Subsample A container of a seed lot can be considered as marked or

must not be possible to remove the label and replace it

Effective 1 January 2017 2-1

2.2.12 Treated seed 2.3 General principles

a substantial effect on the quantity of the remaining seed

2-2 Effective 1 January 2017

but not less than five

Effective 1 January 2017 2-3

2-4 Effective 1 January 2017

2.5.1.5 Obtaining the submitted sample

Effective 1 January 2017 2-5

the duration of the dividing operation can be adjust-

2-6 Effective 1 January 2017

Abies, Cedrus and Pseudotsuga. A tray, a spatula and a

Effective 1 January 2017 2-7

exception of: tuca heterophylla, Dactylis glomerata, Poa pratensis and

2-8 Effective 1 January 2017

2.5.4.2.2 Approval – ensuring that the testing is done by an ISTA-accredited

– the decision of approval of the seed company (produc- new containers.

Effective 1 January 2017 2-9

6 large seed lots are tested for

At least 5 lots acceptable? No Reapply for approval? No END

Check sample Check sample

Check sample No Check sample

Check sample No Check sample

Check sample No Check sample

Check sample APPROVAL RETAINED Check sample

Check sample No Check sample

Check sample Check sample

Check sample Check sample

2-10 Effective 1 January 2017

2.5.4.5 Submitted sample 2.5.4.6 Sample reduction

d) For verification of species and variety: as prescribed in

e) For germination or viability tests of small seed lots

f) For determination of other seeds of small seed lots

If the submitted sample is smaller than prescribed above,

Effective 1 January 2017 2-11

a) seed being transported loose in bulk containers. The

2.5.4.2.2 Approval – ensuring that the testing is done by an ISTA-accredited

– the decision of approval of the seed company (produc- new containers.

d) For verification of species and variety: as prescribed in

e) For germination or viability tests of small seed lots

f) For determination of other seeds of small seed lots

a) seed being transported loose in bulk containers. The

b) seed pellets, seed granules, seed tapes or seed mats

c) species of Poaceae listed in Table 2A Part 1 (see