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    This document is a physics investigatory project report on studying the variation of current using a light dependent resistor (LDR). It thanks various people who provided guidance and materials. The project was done under a teacher's supervision and fulfills requirements for a physics exam. It includes an introduction to LDRs, their applications, a circuit diagram, procedures, observations, results and conclusions along with references.

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    This document is a physics investigatory project report on studying the variation of current using a light dependent resistor (LDR). It thanks various people who provided guidance and materials. The project was done under a teacher's supervision and fulfills requirements for a physics exam. It includes an introduction to LDRs, their applications, a circuit diagram, procedures, observations, results and conclusions along with references.

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    This document is a physics investigatory project report on studying the variation of current using a light dependent resistor (LDR). It thanks various people who provided guidance and materials. The project was done under a teacher's supervision and fulfills requirements for a physics exam. It includes an introduction to LDRs, their applications, a circuit diagram, procedures, observations, results and conclusions along with references.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    11 views3 pages

    Bonafide Certificate

    Uploaded by

    IIT Help
    This document is a physics investigatory project report on studying the variation of current using a light dependent resistor (LDR). It thanks various people who provided guidance and materials. The project was done under a teacher's supervision and fulfills requirements for a physics exam. It includes an introduction to LDRs, their applications, a circuit diagram, procedures, observations, results and conclusions along with references.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    dfsfaewfrwegrgf I would like to thank my chemistry teacher

    Mrs. Amudhafor herconstant guidance, motivation, moralencouragement and sympathetic attitude


    towards thesuccess of this project.I also want to thank the principal and the institution forproviding the
    necessary materials.I would also like to extend my gratitude towards thelab attendant, my parents and
    everyone who hashelped me in completing the project successfully.
    DRUPAD P

    ii
    Bonafide certificate
    This is to certify that DRUPAD P of class XII hassuccessfully completed the investigatory project on“TO
    STUDY VARIATION OF CURRENT USING ALDR" under the guidance ofMrs. Amudha.This project is
    absolutely genuine and doesn't notinvolve in any kind of plagiarism.This is in partial fulfillment of Physics
    practicalexamination AISSCE 2013.Department of Physics

    (AMUDHA)

    iii
    INDEX
    A C K N O W L
    E D G E M E N
    T i B O N A F I
    D E C E R T I F I
    C A T E i i
    I N T R O D U
    C T I O N 0
    1 A P P L I
    C A T I O N
    S 0 2 A I M
    & A P P A R
    A T U S 0 3 THEORY 04
    P R O C E
    D U R E
    0 9 O B S E
    R V A T I O N
    S 1 0 R E S U L
    T & C O N C L U S I
    O N 1 2 S O U R C
    E S O F E R R
    O R 1 3 B I B
    L I O G R A
    P H Y 1 4
    1
    INTRODUCTION
    The general purpose photoconductive cell is alsoknown as LDR –light dependent resistor. It is a
    typeof semiconductor and its conductivity changes withproportional change in the intensity of
    light.There are two common types of materials used tomanufacture the photoconductive cells. Theyare
    Cadmium Sulphide (CdS)
    and
    C a d m i u m S e l e n i d e (CdSe).
    Extrinsic devices have impurities added, which havea ground state energy closer to the conduction band
    -since the electrons don't have as far to jump, lowere n e r g y p h o t o n s ( i . e . l o n g e r w a v e l e n g t h s
    a n d l o w e r frequencies) are sufficient to trigger the device. Twoof its earliest applications were as part
    of smoke andfire detection systems and camera light meters.Thestructure is covered with glass
    sheet to protect it frommoisture and dust and allows only light to fall on it.

    2
    Applications

    Lead sulfide(PbS)
    and
    indium antimonide(InSb)
    LDRsare used for the mid infrared spectralr e g i o n . G e C u p h o t o c o n d u c t o r s a r e a m o n g t h e
    best far-infrareddetectors available, and are used
    forinfrareda s t r o n o m y a n d i n f r a r e d s p e c t r o s c o p y .
    Analog Applications
    · Camera Exposure Control· A u t o S l i d e F o c u s - d u a l c e l l · Photocopy Machines -density of
    toner· Colorimetric Test Equipment· Densitometer· Electronic Scales -dual cell· Automatic Gain
    Control –modulated light source· Automated Rear View Mirror
    D i g i t a l A p p l i c a t i o n s
    · Automatic Headlight Dimmer· Night Light Control· Oil Burner Flame Out· Street Light Control· Position
    Sensor
    *LDR has a disadvantage that when its temperature changes, its resistancechangesdrastically for a
    particular light intensity.

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