Detailed Lesson Plan in Volcanism

Detailed Lesson Plan in Volcanism
I.OBJECTIVES
At the end of the topic the students will be able to;
a. Define Volcanism
b. Describe how volcano formed
c. Appreciate the significance of volcanic activity
II. SUBJECT MATTER
a. Topics
- Introduction of Volcanism
- Volcano Formation
- Volcano materials
1. Lava
2. Tephra
3. Gases
- Explosive and Non-explosive Eruptions
b. References; Microsoft Student with Encarta Premium 2009,
Contributed By: Robert I. Tilling
c. Materials; PowerPoint presentations, handouts, Model of Volcano, baking soda, piccolo, vinegar, food
coloring (red), container and lighter or match.
III. PROCEDURES Learners Activity
Teacher’s Activity …
A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES …
Greetings…
Prayer… (say present)
Checking of Attendance… …
B. MOTIVATION
(Recall the topic last meeting) …
For this moment, we are going to watch a
short video that will tell us what our topic
for today.
Have you enjoyed the video? I need at least five volunteer, what you are going to
do is to write on the board the phrases or words that
What caught your attention? caught your attention.
Very good!
And now I need at least 3 volunteer again to share …

about what they know or their stock knowledge
regarding of what has been written on the board.
Thank you for sharing, good job!
C. PRESENTION
Those words and phrases that you’ve
mentioned are all included for our topic. So,
what we are going to tackle for today is the
following; …
- Introduction of Volcanism
- Volcano Formation
- Volcano materials
- Explosive and Non-explosive
Eruptions
D. DISCUSSION
D.1. Introduction to Volcanism … this is about volcanic activity…
Now, let us proceed to the discussion… are
you ready? In your own words can you tell
us what volcanism is?
Very good!
When we say volcanism this is all about … processes that involved in the formation
volcanic activity. But, what is volcanic of volcanoes…
activity? Do you have any idea?
Very well said! These are processes that are

involved in the formation of volcanoes and
in the transfer of magma and volatile
materials from the interior of the Earth to its
surface.
We’ve mentioned volatile materials so what
do you think it is? (When we say volatile
materials these are unstoppable and very dangerous materials that are coming out
-Volcano from the interior of the earth.)
- Lava
- Extinction That is the definition of a Volcanism, from
the root word itself we will talk more about
volcanoes. So what are volcanoes? Or what …a naturally occurring opening in the surface of the
is volcano? Earth through which molten, gaseous, and solid
Very good! A volcano is an opening in the material is ejected…
crust of a planet from which lava flows.
The term volcano can also refer to the vents

themselves.
Most volcanoes have steep sides, but some

can be gently sloping mountains or even flat
tablelands, plateaus, or plains. (The teacher …
can ask one volunteer to draw a volcano at
the blackboard through this description.)
So, I have here a picture of volcano and a

model of volcano, what we are going to do
is to identify the main part of it.
- Main Vent …
- Magma Chamber …
- Eruption Cloud
- Crater …
- Caldera
…
- Lava flows
- Eruption Cloud …
(Teacher will ask the students regarding

their idea about the main part of a
volcano and she/he will discuss each)
D.2. Volcano Formation

…
So, how does volcano form? Do you have any idea?
…
All volcanoes are formed by the accumulation of
magma (molten rock that forms below the earth's …
surface).
Magma can erupt through one or more volcanic

vents, which can be a single opening, a cluster of
openings, or a long crack, called a fissure vent.
This lava cools, creating volcanic rock.

D.3. Volcanic Materials
Let us proceed now to the volcanic materials. What

do you think are these?
Very good! These are materials that may erupt in an

active volcano. -Lava
These materials are, what do you think? Do you - Tephra

have any idea? - Gases
All you have mentioned are correct, so let’s try it to
discuss one-by-one. So we have the first one; Lava
This is very familiar to you; can you share your idea

about this?
Thank you, that is correct… these materials are

molten rock that are originally from the interior of
… lava are molten rocks…
the earth that can be flows from a volcano or vents.
(Discuss briefly the types of lava; Basaltic lava,

rhyolitic lava and andesitic lava. Ask the students
first about their idea regarding it.)
The second volcanic material is the tephra, so what

is this tephra? …
These are pyroclastic materials that are made of

rock fragments formed by explosive shattering of
sticky magma; these can be dust, ash and boulders.
… these are pyroclastic materials that can be ejected
The last one volcanic material is Gases, of course
from a volcano…
you know what these are, and so what do you think
are the gases that can be ejected from the interior of
the earth?
-Carbon dioxide
Very good!
- Fluorine
Most volcanic gases predominantly consist of water
vapor (steam), with carbon dioxide (CO2) and - Chlorine
sulfur dioxide (SO2) being the next two most
common compounds along with smaller amounts of
chlorine and fluorine gases.
D.4. Eruption
I’m tired of talking here, so on this part of our topic we are going to have an experimental activity. Through this
activity you are going to discuss the two common types of volcanic eruptions which are the explosive and non-
explosive eruptions.
(The activity must be performed by the students and the teacher must guide them strictly)
-Prepare the following materials; baking powder, vinegar, food coloring, piccolo, lighter.
-Divide the class into two groups; let the first group prepare the piccolo and baking powder and the second
group let them have vinegar, baking powder and food coloring.
- let the first group perform first their activity outside the classroom if possible they will perform at the ground;
the students must be properly instructed by the teacher regarding how they are going to blow up the baking
powder using the piccolo.
* put the baking soda in a container
* fire the piccolo and put it at the top of container which has baking powder (this must be done quickly)
-the second group can perform inside the classroom they must be properly instructed by the teacher what they
are going to do to the materials that are given to them.
*using the model of volcano; put a baking powder inside the hole or the vent of volcano.
*mix the coloring food into the vinegar
*pour the vinegar into the vent of volcano.
- Let the two groups discuss in front of the class what they have been observed; to the results of their
experiment what type of volcanic eruption is it?
E. GENERALIZATION
(Generalize the whole topic by letting them to play “The Police and the Thief”, they must be instructed well
regarding the rules of the game)
You can ask the following questions;
What is volcanism?
How volcanoes form?
What are the volcanic materials?
What is the two common type of volcanic eruption?

IV. EVALUATION
¼ sheet of pad paper
Directions;
Write small letter “a” if the first statement is TRUE and the second statement is FALSE.
Write capital letter “B” if the first statement is FALSE and the second statement is TRUE.
Write capital letter “C” if both statements are true.
Write small letter “d” if both statements are false.
1. Volcanism is referred as the volcanic activity. The processes involved in the formation of volcanoes, and in the
transfer of lava and volatile material from the interior of the Earth to its surface. (a)
2. A volcano forms when lava pushes up through the earth’s crust below, depositing magma on the surface. This
magma cools, creating volcanic rock. (d)
3. If the magma is very fluid, it flows rapidly down the volcano’s slopes. Lava that is stickier and less fluid moves
slower. (C)
4. Lava flows that have a continuous, smooth, ropy, or billowy surface are called aa flows. Pahoehoe flows have a
jagged surface composed of loose, irregularly shaped lava chunks. (d)
5. Once cooled, pahoehoe forms flat or smooth rocks, while aa forms irregular rocks. (C)
6. Lava, molten or partially molten rock beneath the earth’s surface. Magma is generated when rock deep
underground melts due to the high temperatures and pressures inside the earth. (B)
7. If the temperature of the magma drops low enough, the magma will crystallize underground to form ice rocks.
Magma that erupts is called lava. (a)
8. If the silica content is between 50 percent and 65 percent by weight, then the lava is andesitic. If the silica content
is less than 50 percent by weight, then the lava is basaltic. (B)
9. Tephra refers to any airborne pyroclastic material regardless of size or shape. The best-known tephra materials
include pumice, cinders, and volcanic ash. (C)
10. Non-explosive eruptions can eject a large amount of material into the air. Explosive eruptions produce lava flows
and eject very little pyroclastic material into the air. (d)
V. ASSIGNMENT
Research;
…what are the types of volcanoes? Prepared by; Haji Darell G. Bagtang
BSED IVB

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Detailed Lesson Plan in Volcanism

At the end of the topic the students will be able to;

II. SUBJECT MATTER

III. PROCEDURES Learners Activity

And now I need at least 3 volunteer again to share …

Thank you for sharing, good job!

Very well said! These are processes that are

The term volcano can also refer to the vents

Most volcanoes have steep sides, but some

So, I have here a picture of volcano and a

(Teacher will ask the students regarding

D.2. Volcano Formation

Magma can erupt through one or more volcanic

This lava cools, creating volcanic rock.

Let us proceed now to the volcanic materials. What

Very good! These are materials that may erupt in an

These materials are, what do you think? Do you - Tephra

This is very familiar to you; can you share your idea

Thank you, that is correct… these materials are

(Discuss briefly the types of lava; Basaltic lava,

The second volcanic material is the tephra, so what

These are pyroclastic materials that are made of

* put the baking soda in a container

*mix the coloring food into the vinegar

*pour the vinegar into the vent of volcano.

You can ask the following questions;

How volcanoes form?

What are the volcanic materials?

What is the two common type of volcanic eruption?

¼ sheet of pad paper

Write capital letter “C” if both statements are true.

Write small letter “d” if both statements are false.

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